This is a list of all the questions and their associated study carrel identifiers. One can learn a lot of the "aboutness" of a text simply by reading the questions.
| identifier | question |
|---|---|
| cord-003767-9xbu4hnq | Life history determines genetic structure and evolutionary potential of host- parasite interactions Are viruses alive? |
| cord-004914-cnz61qjy | The global mammal parasite database: an online resource for infectious disease records in wild primates Latitudinal gradients of parasite species richness in primates Infectious Diseases in Primates: Behaviour Ecology and Evolution Coevolution while you wait: Varroa jacobsoni, a new parasite of western honey bees Catastrophes after crossing species barriers Cross- species virus transmission and the emergence of new epidemic diseases Patterns of host specificity and transmission among parasites of free- living primates Infectious diseases and extinction risk in wild mammals Evolution of multiple components of virulence in Drosophila- nematode associations Effect of predator- prey phylogenetic similarity on the fitness consequences of predation: a trade- off between nutrition and disease? |
| cord-029032-s9geepsc | Qß Conditions for invasion of synapse- forming HIV variants Fitness benefits of low infectivity in a spatially structured population of bacteriophages Are parasites"prudent"in space? |
| cord-013837-x95r6bz8 | This finding one to wonder why a mycobacteria departs from a cozy niche to enter the cytosol where it must confront a series of cytosolic immune sensors? |
| cord-102383-m5ahicqb | Human interactome of the influenza B virus NS1 protein Whither systems medicine? |
| cord-026880-i45okohf | The intestinal contortin structure in Haemonchus contortus: an immobilised anticoagulant? |
| cord-330590-nu8ckeud | A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special? |
| cord-048325-pk7pnmlo | Who mixes with whom? |
| cord-292657-gq3965se | The presence of SARS- CoV-2 RNA in feces of COVID-19 patients Molecular evolution of the SARS coronavirus during the course of the SARS epidemic in China Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses Phylogenetic network analysis of SARS- CoV-2 genomes Bat origin of human coronaviruses Influenza virus infectivity is retained in aerosols and droplets independent of relative humidity Effect of host species on the distribution of mutational fitness effects for an RNA virus Molecular evolution of MERS coronavirus: dromedaries as a recent intermediate host or longtime animal reservoir? |
| cord-264532-xfb94lq8 | : in pursuit of virulence management Challenging the trade- off model for the evolution of virulence: is virulence management feasible? |
| cord-264532-xfb94lq8 | How does recovery affect our model? |
| cord-290548-0wezrr1b | A pandemic warning? |
| cord-290548-0wezrr1b | title: Villains or heroes? |
| cord-319658-u0wjgw50 | Cellular hijacking: a common strategy for microbial infection Diet, microbiota and autoimmune diseases Integration of Innate Immune Signaling Self or non- self? |
| cord-313301-7mkadtp9 | Recurrent mutations associated with isolation and passage of SARS coronavirus in cells from non- human primates Mechanisms of avian retrovial host range extension Deletion mutations of the genome segments of wound tumor virus Speciation via habitat selection: the evolution of reproductive isolation as a correlated character Laboratory experiments on speciation: what have we learned in 40 years? |
| cord-345157-fhmhpobi | Who regulates whom? |
| cord-351490-2fx0w30u | Toward the extinction of phenotypes? |
| cord-005281-wy0zk9p8 | CRISPR/ Cas systems Cpf1 is a single RNA- guided endonuclease of a class 2 CRISPR- Cas system How many antiviral small interfering RNAs may be encoded by the mammalian genomes? |
| cord-005281-wy0zk9p8 | Can viruses make us human? |
| cord-005281-wy0zk9p8 | The next genetics revolution? |
| cord-262585-5vjqrnwh | For example, can some viral peptides be useful as adjuvants? |
| cord-262585-5vjqrnwh | What specific constraints limit SLiM evolvability? |
| cord-262585-5vjqrnwh | in the design of vaccines and therapies to promote global health? |
| cord-319448-gt6uqfrl | The recognition that the disease- to- infection ratio for West Nile virus in endemic areas is very low, led to the successful experimental use of passive antibody therapy with immunoglobulins from asymptomatic Introduces the'damage- response'framework and proposes a new classification for pathogens based on their ability to damage the host as a function of the host response Expands the'damage- response'framework to incorporate the variable of time and proposes that the outcome of the host- microorganism interaction can be reduced to four states that differ in the amount of damage incurred by the host as a function of time What is a pathogen? |
| cord-319448-gt6uqfrl | breath- taking progress Saccharomyces cerevisiae bacteremia A Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant with increased virulence Parasitealtered behaviour: is the effect of Toxoplasma gondii on Rattus norvegicus specific? |
| cord-276585-m1dkkbq7 | : West Nile virus spread to Galapagos Quantitative risk assessment of the pathways by which West Nile virus could reach Hawaii Processive proofreading by the adenovirus DNA polymerase- association with the priming protein reduces exonucleolytic degradation Hybridization as a source of variation for adaptation to new environments Structure of SARS coronavirus spike receptor- binding domain complexed with receptor Infectious disease dynamics: what characterizes a successful invader? |
| cord-276585-m1dkkbq7 | : what are the relative roles of ecology and evolution? |
| cord-276585-m1dkkbq7 | The origins of acquired immune deficiency syndrome viruses: where and when? |
| cord-299828-fb84rtmx | A BLACK BOX? |
| cord-299828-fb84rtmx | Rana muscosa Sociality, density- dependence and microclimates determine the persistence of populations suffering from a novel fungal disease, white- nose syndrome Should we expect population thresholds for wildlife disease? |
| cord-299828-fb84rtmx | What are the future directions for WDM? |
| cord-031937-qhlatg84 | Clostridium difficile: an under- recognized cause of reactive arthritis? |
| cord-031937-qhlatg84 | how do classical and non- classical HLA alleles modulate immune response to human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infections? |
| cord-335774-15fhg8o9 | Vector- Borne Zoonotic Dis Phylogeny and origins of hantaviruses harbored by bats, insectivores, and rodents Short report: Phylogenetically distinct hantaviruses in the masked shrew( Sorex cinereus) and dusky shrew( Sorex monticolus) in the United States Isolation and characterization of a hantavirus from lemmus sibiricus: Evidence for host switch during hantavirus evolution Complete genome sequences of Monongahela hantavirus from Pennsylvania Genetic diversity and distribution of Peromyscus- borne hantaviruses in North America Two cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Randolph county, West Virginia: A coincidence of time and place? |
| cord-335774-15fhg8o9 | Vector- Borne Zoonotic Dis The velocity of climate change Prairie conservation in North America Perspectives on grassland conservation efforts: Should we rewild to the past or conserve for the future? |
| cord-355239-fc52dn3v | Inactivation of the flagellin gene of Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis strongly reduces invasion into differentiated Caco-2 cells Active invasion and/or encapsulation? |
| cord-269975-1ebmq7t8 | Is in vitro antibiotic combination more effective than single- drug therapy against anthrax? |
| cord-255181-du6rqc6i | -a threat under control? |
| cord-255181-du6rqc6i | Wet markets-a continuing source of severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza? |
| cord-262434-q4tk96tq | : Are bats special? |
| cord-262434-q4tk96tq | What? |
| cord-262434-q4tk96tq | lyssavirus emergence and perpetuation Bats carry pathogenic hepadnaviruses antigenically related to hepatitis B virus and capable of infecting human hepatocytes A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats Mass extinctions, biodiversity and mitochondrial function: Are bats"special"as reservoirs for emerging viruses? |
| cord-312545-io2jmp7o | Heterakis gallinarum in the ring- necked pheasant and the grey partridge Is a healthy ecosystem one that is rich in parasites? |
| cord-312545-io2jmp7o | How should pathogen transmission be modelled? |
| cord-312545-io2jmp7o | Reunion Island A case of autochthonous Plasmodium vivax malaria West Nile virus: a growing concern? |
| cord-309642-wwaa6ls0 | Some aspects of pulmonary defence Retroviral transforming genes in normal cells? |
| cord-309642-wwaa6ls0 | The immunopathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever Virally induced alterations in cellular permeability: A basis of cellular and physiological damage? |
| cord-297960-4x1j0iqg | : can we ever expect the unexpected? |
| cord-297960-4x1j0iqg | How Do intrinsically disordered viral proteins hijack the cell? |
| cord-355024-v5lahyw4 | The Washington experience Where and why are 10 million children dying every year? |
| cord-355024-v5lahyw4 | mistaken or maligned? |
| cord-000546-0hobwqpe | 1 Nef is dependent on clathrin and involves direct interaction of Nef with the AP2 clathrin adaptor Use of RNA interference in Drosophila S2 cells to identify host pathways controlling compartmentalization of an intracellular pathogen Genomic RNAi screening in Drosophila S2 cells: what have we learned about host- pathogen interactions? |
| cord-000546-0hobwqpe | how do LF and EF, with such seemingly disparate enzymatic activities, collaborate during infection( particularly within vascular endothelial cells, which become leaky at advanced stages of disease, leading to death)? |
| cord-000546-0hobwqpe | mechanisms and relationship to cancer susceptibility Role for lysosomal enzyme beta- hexosaminidase in the control of mycobacteria infection Ablation of Drosophila photoreceptor cells by conditional expression of a toxin gene Nimrod, a putative phagocytosis receptor with EGF repeats in Drosophila plasmatocytes Sequence homology and structural analysis of the clostridial neurotoxins Virulence studies of Scedosporium and Fusarium species in Drosophila melanogaster Does preexposure of Aspergillus fumigatus to voriconazole or posaconazole in vitro affect its virulence and the in vivo activity of subsequent posaconazole or voriconazole, respectively? |
| cord-324697-c0dv1zmi | Despite the further mapping of the SOX targeting element and assessment of secondary structure participation one outstanding question remained: what is the direct impact of these RNA features in target recognition? |
| cord-324697-c0dv1zmi | More specifically, how do these features influence SOX affinity and/or the efficiency by which targets are degraded? |
| cord-001714-jfawhnsq | -Little studied so far-Source population: any population that transmits infection directly to the target population[ 10]-Red deer and domestic pigs for bovine tuberculosis in New Zealand[ 12]? |
| cord-001714-jfawhnsq | : Can We Anticipate Emerging Infectious Diseases in Their Hotspots? |
| cord-001714-jfawhnsq | : what do our diagnostic results mean? |
| cord-001714-jfawhnsq | Identifying reservoirs of infection: a conceptual and practical challenge When is a reservoir not a reservoir? |
| cord-001714-jfawhnsq | Understanding pathogen transmission dynamics in waterbird communities: at what scale should interactions be studied? |
| cord-289443-46w52de3 | TLR4/ MD-2 Signatures of positive selection in Toll- like receptor( TLR) genes in mammals Mass extinctions, biodiversity and mitochondrial function: are bats'special'as reservoirs for emerging viruses? |
| cord-289443-46w52de3 | The Causes of Evolution( Longmans, Green,& Co,1932) Revenge of the phages: defeating bacterial defences Genomic variability as a driver of plant- pathogen coevolution? |
| cord-289443-46w52de3 | The dashed arrows and'?'indicate steps that lack clear molecular definition or are only inferred. |
| cord-289443-46w52de3 | Why then is human TRIM5 so highly inefficient against HIV-1? |
| cord-348819-gq7lp931 | Could ecologists be more random? |
| cord-348819-gq7lp931 | Microbiol Onward transmission of viruses: how do viruses emerge to cause epidemics after spillover? |
| cord-348819-gq7lp931 | Straightforward alternatives to haphazard spatial sampling What is stirring in the reservoir? |
| cord-261466-b9r4cyp7 | A review of the clinical presentation of dientamoebiasis Transmission of Dientamoeba fragilis: pinworm or cysts? |
| cord-261466-b9r4cyp7 | The lack of precise epidemiological data is indicated by'?'. |
| cord-261466-b9r4cyp7 | What is the importance of zoonotic trichomonads for human health? |
| cord-261466-b9r4cyp7 | isolate from a whitewinged pigeon extremely closely related to isolates of T. vaginalis represent a case of human to bird transfer( accession HM016231 in Figure 2)? |
| cord-018555-3lta1tbp | In an evolutionary context, which is where the concept of adaptation lies, why would a symbiont switch to being pathogenic, either at some stage in its life cycle or in some hosts at the same stage but not in others? |
| cord-018555-3lta1tbp | The question arises,"Is becoming a pathogen an adaptation for a symbiont?" |
| cord-018555-3lta1tbp | What if transmission occurs not so much from living infected hosts but from hosts after they die? |
| cord-014397-7b88ycv8 | A sialoglycopeptide from human erythrocytes with receptor- like properties for encephalomyocarditis and influenza viruses Resistance in transgenic tobacco plants expressing a nonstructural gene sequence of tobacco mosaic virus is a consequence of markedly reduced virus replication Does the beta- andrenergic factor receptor function as reovirus receptor? |
| cord-014397-7b88ycv8 | Determinants essential for the transmissible gastroenteritis virus receptor interaction reside within a domain of aminopeptidase N that is distinct from the enzymatic site Molecular characterization of gene- for- gene systems in plant fungus interactions and the application of avirulence genes in control of plant pathogens Risk assessment: do we let history repeat itself? |
| cord-014397-7b88ycv8 | Plant viral resistance Will transgenic crops generate new viruses and new diseases? |
| cord-014397-7b88ycv8 | The mammalian cell- virus relationship Attachment of poliovirus to cultivated cells of primate and nonprimate origin Cellular receptor for poliovirus: molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of a new member of the immunoglobulin superfamily Binding to sialic acids is not an essential step for entry of animal rotaviruses to epithelial cells in culture Genetic exchange between bacteriophage T4 and filamentous fungi? |
| cord-014397-7b88ycv8 | Why did certain mechanisms develop and others not? |
| cord-003806-ctass7hz | A question motivating this analysis was one step deeper in the complexity of these effects: does the self- limiting effect of adaptive immunity worsen when revertant is present? |
| cord-003806-ctass7hz | Evolutionary reversion of live viral vaccines: Can genetic engineering subdue it? |
| cord-003806-ctass7hz | Following Yellow Fever Vaccination? |
| cord-329149-1giy1fow | A secreted protein microarray platform for extracellular protein interaction discovery Viral mimicry of cytokines, chemokines and their receptors Pathogen- derived immunomodulatory molecules: future immunotherapeutics? |
| cord-329149-1giy1fow | How do pathogens drive the evolution of paired receptors? |
| cord-329149-1giy1fow | How many drug targets are there? |
| cord-329149-1giy1fow | What have RNAi screens taught us about viral- host interactions? |
| cord-270604-u62437dh | Ancient co- speciation of simian foamy viruses and primates Ancient origin and molecular features of the novel human T- lymphotropic virus type 3 revealed by complete genome analysis Risk factors for human disease emergence Small steps or giant leaps for male- killers? |
| cord-270604-u62437dh | The matrix protein gene sequence analysis reveals close relationship between peste des petits ruminants virus( PPRV) and dolphin morbillivirus Canine distemper virus- a morbillivirus in search of new hosts? |
| cord-270604-u62437dh | When do parasites fail to speciate in response to host speciation? |
| cord-307803-rlvk6bcx | How old are the major human pathogens? |
| cord-307803-rlvk6bcx | What are pathogens, and what have they done to and for us? |
| cord-307803-rlvk6bcx | What is the host range of pathogens? |
| cord-307803-rlvk6bcx | Where are the resistance- conferring genes in the human genome? |
| cord-021465-2pj26fmv | The chicken MHC complex Common antigenicity of avian reoviruses Is the gene pool of influenza viruses in shorebirds and gulls different from that in wild ducks? |
| cord-021465-2pj26fmv | The ecology of influenza viruses in ducks and analysis of influenza viruses with monoclonal antibodies Are seals frequently infected with avian influenza viruses? |
| cord-021465-2pj26fmv | The viruses of the future? |
| cord-021465-2pj26fmv | This may be true under truly"natural"conditions; but what happens under human- dictated conditions such as vaccination and by defining the host population through breeding and housing? |
| cord-021465-2pj26fmv | What viruses other than the orthomyxoviruses may someday establish a similar relationship where transmission to a mammalian intermediate or even direct transmission may allow introduction into the human population? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | : next- generation sequencing applied to phage populations in the human gut GB Virus C/ Hepatitis G Virus Infection: A Favorable Prognostic Factor in Human Immunodeficiency Virus- Infected Patients? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | Culture An inquiry into the causes and effects of the variolae vaccinae, a disease discovered in some of the western counties of England, particularly Gloucestershire, and known by the name of the cow pox Coevolution of hosts and parasites Vertical transmission of viruses What is a quasispecies? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | Phage Therapy in the Food Industry Complete nucleotide sequences of four dsRNAs associated with a new chrysovirus infecting Aspergillus fumigatus Mycoviruses: future therapeutic agents of invasive fungal infections in humans? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | Positional cloning of the mouse retrovirus restriction gene Fv1 Rmcf2, a xenotropic provirus in the Asian mouse species Mus castaneus, blocks infection by polytropic mouse gammaretroviruses From ancestral infectious retroviruses to bona fide cellular genes: Role of the captured syncytins in placentation Retroviruses and the Placenta Retroviral gene therapy: safety issues and possible solutions Decade- Long Safety and Function of Retroviral- Modified Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Bacteriophage adhering to mucus provide a non- host- derived immunity Reinventing phage therapy: are the parts greater than the sum? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | Public Health and Medical Uncertainty Current and emerging infectious risks of blood transfusions AIDS pathogenesis: what have two decades of HIV research taught us? |
| cord-104317-t30dg6oj | While the virus has a safe home during persistence, the question arises that if a virus is not replicating, or is present at very low levels, how is it transmitted to the next host? |
| cord-291946-kq0rsuxj | : Can we ever expect the unexpected? |
| cord-291946-kq0rsuxj | But where do they come from? |
| cord-291946-kq0rsuxj | How then did this mammalian retrovirus get into birds? |
| cord-291946-kq0rsuxj | Thus, the answer to the question''where did these viruses come from?''will increasingly become''they came from ancient forms of other viruses,''although in some cases, such as those described for REV[ 21], they come through a thoroughly circuitous route. |
| cord-291946-kq0rsuxj | Ultimately, though, where did these viruses come from? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | But does reducing diversity itself increase transmission, or is increased transmission the consequence of the removal of particular species? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | But what role, if any, does biodiversity have in the processes by which new pathogens emerge? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | Could changes in biodiversity within the bodies of organisms also alter pathogen transmission? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | How many hosts? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | New UN science body to monitor biosphere Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing: an Ecological and Economic Perspective Ecosystems and Human Well- Being: Current State and Trends: Findings of the Condition and Trends Working Group Red List of Threatened Species Version and Beyond: Rising to the Biodiversity Challenge Homage to Linnaeus: How many parasites? |
| cord-269505-7g8lio9l | Vector- Borne Zoonotic Dis Has the introduction of brown trout altered disease patterns in native New Zealand fish? |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | Mass extinctions, biodiversity and mitochondrial function: are bats ‘ special ’ as reservoirs for emerging viruses? |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | Olival KJ, Epstein JH, Wang L- F, Field HE, Daszak P: Are bats unique virus reservoirs? |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | Purely a numbers game: more bat species= more viruses? |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | So the question ‘ Are bats different, special or exceptional? ’ |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | So the question'Are bats different, special or exceptional?'has become a focal point in the field of virology, bat biology and virus- host co- evolution. |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | The most recent paper out of a series studies on astroviruses conducted by the Hong Kong group, which demonstrated that the genetic diversity of astroviruses in bats is greater than those in other mammals Evolutionary insights into the ecology of coronaviruses Emergence and persistence of hantaviruses Virus evolution and genetic diversity of hantaviruses and their rodent hosts Evolution of the Old World Arenaviridae and their rodent hosts: generalised host- transfer or association by descent? |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | The question'Are bats different?'has been raised at many international conferences and has been the topic of several previous reviews[ 1, 2,20,23]. |
| cord-270803-jtv5jmkn | they linked? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | Can we rule out that a dedicated research effort with sufficient funds and expertise could produce a highly virulent and transmissible synthetic virus? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | Culicoides and the emergence of bluetongue virus in northern Europe Incriminating bluetongue virus vectors with climate envelope models Why did bluetongue spread the way it did? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | The evolution of host specialization: are trade- offs overrated? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | The experimental evolution of specialists, generalists, and the maintenance of diversity Arbovirus evolution in vivo is constrained by host alternation Trade- offs in host range evolution of plant viruses Emerging viruses: why they are not jacks of all trades? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | Why do RNA viruses recombine? |
| cord-345654-vyz6f3he | Why do bacteria engage in homologous recombination? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | Across 95 Drosophila Species Upper thermal limits of Drosophila are linked to species distributions and strongly constrained phylogenetically Upper thermal limits in terrestrial ectotherms: how constrained are they? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | Are extreme temperatures a stress? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | How will global climate change affect parasite- host assemblages? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | The role of genotype- by- environment interactions in sexual selection How will global climate change affect parasite- host assemblages? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | The thermal mismatch hypothesis explains host susceptibility to an emerging infectious disease Genotype- environment interaction and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity Quantitative Genetics and the Evolution of Reaction Norms Genotype- by- environment interactions and adaptation to local temperature affect immunity and fecundity in Drosophila melanogaster Coexistence of Similar Genotypes of Daphnia magna in Intermittent Populations: Response to Thermal Stress Temperature checks the Red Queen? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | Using a controlled method of viral inoculation allows us to standardize inoculation dose so we can ask, given equal exposure, how does temperature affect the ability of a pathogen to persist and replicate in a given host? |
| cord-290253-hxxizipk | the key to understanding host- pathogen interactions and microbial pest control? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | Are we prepared for the worst of these hypothetic pandemics abundantly illustrated in the cinema and unfortunately sometimes overwhelmed when reality goes beyond fiction? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | Are we prepared for the worst? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | Did we learn from the past epidemics? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | Let us first honestly address the fundamental questions about epdimeics and preparedness: What did we learn from all the past epidemics, what will we remember in times of need? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | Perhaps, in a shrinking global community, after too many Ebola virus disease outbreaks, we will learn and be prepared for future epidemic challenges? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | The Rockefeller Foundation From the Ebola river to the Ebola virus disease pandemic: what have we learned? |
| cord-305327-hayhbs5u | The smallpox pandemic of Smallpox: 12,000 years from plagues to eradication: a dermatologic ailment shaping the face of society Strategies for mitigating an influenza pandemic Dengue, urbanization and globalization: the unholy trinity of the 21st century SARS: an emerging global microbial threat Predicting epidemic risk from past temporal contact data Ebola control: effect of asymptomatic infection and acquired immunity Shedding of Ebola virus in an asymptomatic pregnant woman Understanding the emergence of Ebola virus disease in sierra leone: stalking the virus in the threatening wake of emergence Perspectives on West Africa Ebola virus disease outbreak Aedes alpobictus and the world trade in used tires, 1988- 1995: the shape of things to come? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | Biogeography of parasitic nematode communities in the Galápagos giant tortoise: implications for conservation management Do island populations have less genetic variation than mainland populations? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | For reasons already mentioned, it is difficult to determine the order and combination of arrival in Galapagos: did colonizing birds arrive infected with flies and Haemoproteus? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | Or did the flies and Haemoproteus arrive later? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | Platygastroidea: Scelionidae) and description of three new species Are there differences in immune function between continental and insular birds? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | Predicting pathogen introduction: West Nile virus spread in Galápagos Coevolution: a history of the macroevolutionary approach to studying hostparasite associations Experimental demonstration of the fitness consequences of an introduced parasite of Darwin's finches Epidemiology of heartworm: what is happening in South America and Mexico? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | Sphenicus mendiculus Transhemispheric exchange of Lyme disease spirochetes by seabirds Global patterns of influenza a virus in wild birds 110 years of Avipoxvirus in the Galapagos Islands Conservation medicine on the Galápagos Islands: partnerships among behavioural, population, and veterinary scientists How frequently do avian lice miss the boat? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | The global spread of parasites: what do Hawaiian streams tell us? |
| cord-018425-vyiuv5qu | The theory of island biogeography Parasites lost- do invaders miss the boat or drown on arrival? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | Desiccation risk drives the spatial ecology of an invasive anuran( Rhinella marina) in the Australian semi- desert Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala infection in Bufo marinus: lung nematodes reduce viability of metamorph cane toads Parasites and pathogens lag behind their host during periods of host range advance Survival of the feces: does a nematode lungworm adaptively manipulate the behavior of its cane toad host? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | Extensive transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a child Is the infectiousness of dogs naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi associated with poly- parasitism? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | How do viruses control mitochondriamediated apoptosis? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | Malaria tolerance À for whom the cell tolls? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | Origin of the parasites of an invading species, the Australian cane toad( Bufo marinus): are the lungworms Australian or American? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | The social epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Host heterozygosity and genotype rarity affect viral dynamics in an avian subspecies complex Who infects whom? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | an ecological and evolutionary overview Role of disease- associated tolerance in infectious superspreaders Reproductive and immune system interactions in the context of life history and sexual selection theory Are migratory animals superspreaders of infection? |
| cord-349975-quw1gyw7 | vicious circles? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Are they indicators of ecosystem health? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | But do we really need the conservation of parasitic species? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Differential species- specific ectoparasitic mite intensities in two intimately coexisting sibling bat species: Resource- mediated host attractiveness or parasite specialization? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Does clutch size evolve in response to parasites and immunocompetence? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Does inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity decrease disease resistance? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Faster evolutionary rates in endosymbiotic bacteria than in cospeciating insect hosts Is parasitism a missing ingredient in model ecosystems? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | However, do you ever see a child squeezing a stuffed worm, flea or tick? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | Many roles at many levels? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | The former distribution and decline of the thylacine Heritable true fitness and bright birds: A role for parasites? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | What could be the consequences of maintaining hosts during many generations in a parasite- free environment? |
| cord-017819-85x0juiw | What is the Allee effect? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | ( Pteropus spp Ecological dynamics of emerging bat virus spillover Highly structured fission- fusion societies in an aerial- hawking carnivorous bat Is parasite load dependent on host aggregation size? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | A comparison of bats and rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic viruses: are bats special? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Bat white- nose syndrome: an emerging fungal pathogen? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Contact networks and transmission of an intestinal pathogen in bumble bee( Bombus impatiens) colonies Do social networks of female northern long- eared bats vary with reproductive period and age? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Does the mode of transmission between hosts affect the host choice strategies of parasites? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Frequent arousal from hibernation linked to severity of infection and mortality in bats with white- nose syndrome Applying network analysis to the conservation of habitat trees in urban environments: a case study from Do animals living in larger groups experience greater parasitism? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Host sex and ectoparasite choice: preference for, and higher survival on female hosts Parasitism and group size in social animals: a meta- analysis Network models: an underutilized tool in wildlife epidemiology? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | How should pathogen transmission be modelled? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | Huddling reduces evaporative water loss in torpid Natterer's bats, Myotis nattereri Could localized warm areas inside cold caves reduce mortality of hibernating bats affected by white- nose syndrome? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | My home is your castle: roost making is sexually selected in the bat Lophostoma silvicolum Who infects whom? |
| cord-018821-e9oxvgar | associated factors and effect on group stability Parasite species richness in carnivores: effects of host body mass, latitude, geographical range and population density Superspreading and the effect of individual variation on disease emergence Social barriers to pathogen transmission in wild animal populations Experimental infection of bats with Geomyces destructans causes white- nose syndrome Can mite parasitism affect the condition of bat hosts? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | : Where are we now? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | A framework for comparing viral phylogenies and environmental landscape data Landscape- genetic analysis of population structure in the Texas gray fox oral rabies vaccination zone Going through the motions: Incorporating movement analyses into disease research Nonstationary patterns of isolation- by- distance: inferring measures of local genetic differentiation with Bayesian kriging Is there such a thing as landscape genetics? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | Combining landscape ecology and population genetics Host dispersal as the driver of parasite genetic structure: A paradigm lost? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | Does inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity decrease disease resistance? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | How's the flu getting through? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | The early spread and epidemic ignition of HIV-1 in human populations Simultaneously reconstructing viral cross- species transmission history and identifying the underlying constraints Urban landscapes can change virus gene flow and evolution in a fragmentationsensitive carnivore Linking social and spatial networks to viral community phylogenetics reveals subtype- specific transmission dynamics in African lions Towards an eco- phylogenetic framework for infectious disease ecology Clustering and assignment methods in landscape genetics Using spatial Bayesian methods to determine the genetic structure of a continuously distributed population: Clusters or isolation by distance? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | The role of landscape barriers and sex- biased dispersal Infectious disease transmission and contact networks in wildlife and livestock Network models: An underutilized tool in wildlife epidemiology? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | When is connectivity important? |
| cord-348841-qxkmngyk | applications Current status, future opportunities, and remaining challenges in landscape genetics Identifying future research needs in landscape genetics: Where to from here? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | , the vector of Lyme disease Has early ice clearance increased predation on breeding birds by polar bears? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | : why should we care? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | Avian host spectrum of avipoxviruses Population trends in Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla colonies in relation to tick infestation Measuring aggregation of parasites at different host population levels Migration, prospecting, dispersal? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | Do blood parasites infect Magellanic penguins( Spheniscus magellanicus) in the wild? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | Feather mites on birds: costs of parasitism or conditional outcomes? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | First detection of avian influenza virus( H4N7) in Giant petrel monitored by geolocators in the Antarctic region Avian cholera, a threat to the viability of an Arctic seabird colony? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | How will global climate change affect parasite- host assemblages? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | Symbiotic feather mites synchronize dispersal and population growth with host sociality and migratory disposition Feather mites on group- living red- billed choughs: a non- parasitic interaction? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | These baseline studies are essential for documenting the effect of shifting environmental conditions on bird- parasite relationships and teasing apart the questions'is this new?' |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | Uria aalge in the Baltic sea Survey for Haemoproteus, Trichomonas gallinae, Chlamydophila psittaci, and Salmonella in Galapagos Islands columbiformes Phylogeny of"philoceanus complex"seabird lice( Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences Potential impacts of climate change on infectious diseases in the Arctic Occurrence of blood parasites in seabirds admitted for rehabilitation in the Western Cape Parasites, petrels and penguins: does louse presence reflect seabird phylogeny? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | What host movement matters for infectious agent circulation? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | nesting in Slovakia, central Europe Are Microbes the Source of a Seabird's Tangerine- Like Scent? |
| cord-276637-re9c3e0b | or'new to us?' |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Are little hosts dead- ends or'bait'? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Can all these juveniles be'wasted'in dead- end hosts? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Descriptions of caligiform copepods in plankton samples collected from East Asia: accidental occurrences or a new mode of life cycle? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | If juveniles react this way to attack, and adults are known to switch hosts, why would juveniles in a prey host not transfer to a predator? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Is parasitism rated as a proportion of good vs evil? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Is this a desperate survival mechanism or something more? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Is this because the blood- swollen ones are more easily found? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Or is this due to preference by cleaners for fish blood rather than gnats without blood? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | These include the following: how can little, slow, juvenile fish isopods( cymothoids) possibly chase and infect fast- swimming pelagic fishes? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | We do not understand how they can be called parasites? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | What's love got to do with it? |
| cord-019068-6j42euvc | Why do juvenile isopods infect and develop into non- swimming forms in the mouths of fishes too small for them to develop into adults? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | Best of both worlds? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | But, how exactly does genetic diversity reduce disease spread? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | But, is increased susceptibility directly due to reduced diversity, or does inbreeding depression have an effect by compromising host condition? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | Does inbreeding and loss of genetic diversity decrease disease resistance? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | HOW MUCH DIVERSITY IS NECESSARY? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | However, a practical question arises: would the beneficial effect of adding hosts with novel genotypes, in order to increase local genetic diversity, outweigh the positive effect of increasing population size on R 0? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | However, several questions remain:( 1) Does a diversity threshold exist? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | In other words, can parasites be eliminated by increasing host genetic diversity above some threshold value? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | The costs and benefits of genetic heterogeneity in resistance against parasites in social insects Disease ecology in the Galapagos hawk( Buteo galapagoensis): host genetic diversity, parasite load, and natural antibodies Dioecy, hermaphrodites and pathogen load in plants How do pathogen evolution and host heterogeneity interact in disease emergence? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | What are the effects of genetic diversity in the parasite population versus that of the host population? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | What are the relative effects of host density and host genetic diversity on disease spread? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | What is the heritability of parasite resistance in natural populations? |
| cord-296179-hobh6akq | key: cord-296179-hobh6akq authors: King, K C; Lively, C M title: Does genetic diversity limit disease spread in natural host populations? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | A meta- analysis of trends in prognostic markers of HIV disease progression and transmission Association between the rate of CD4+ T cell decrease and the year of human immunodeficeny virus( HIV) type 1 seroconversion among persons enrolled in the Swiss HIV cohort study Is HIV-1 evolving to a less virulent form in humans? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | A phylogenomic analysis of Marek's disease virus reveals independent paths to virulence in Eurasia and North America Immunity promotes virulence evolution in a malaria model Has the rate of progression to AIDS changed in recent years? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Can Ebola virus evolve to be less virulent in humans? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Can we read the future from a tree? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Convergent evolution of lysozyme sequences? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Did Zika virus mutate to cause severe outbreaks? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Globalization, land use, and the invasion of West Nile virus H5N1 influenza: a protean pandemic threat Are we ready for pandemic influenza? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Is there any consistent association between host- jumping and virulence such that predictions can be made about how virulence might evolve following emergence? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | The human immunodeficiency virus Italian seroconversion study Is the virulence of HIV changing? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | This paper provides an overview of the theory that there is a trade- off between virulence and transmissibility, highlighting areas in which the theory has been challenged and extended over the past 20 years Adaptive virulence evolution: the good old fitness- based approach Virulence and transmissibility of pathogens: what is the relationship? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Virological factors that increase the transmissibility of emerging human viruses Coevolution of hosts and parasites Evolution in Health and Disease Challenging the trade- off model for the evolution of virulence: is virulence management feasible? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | What level of virulence is optimized by natural selection and why? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Why do RNA viruses recombine? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | Will a virus become more or less virulent in a new host? |
| cord-277417-f71jwdzj | why they are not jacks of all trades? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | : what is the relationship? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | And more importantly, what was the rate of transmission between hosts? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Both ecological and functional perspectives on host- pathogens ’ interactions are required to answer the opening question but also to devise appropriate health- care measures in order to prevent( and predict?) |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | But what aspects of his work exactly are evolutionary or Darwinian? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Despite the( crucial) facts that antibiotics were available during the second two pandemics, and that medical care had signifi cantly improved and was more effi cient after 1950, this raises the question: why was the 1918- 19 pandemic so deadly to humans? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Did the 1918- 19 infl uenza pandemic originate in China? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Enhanced virulence of infl uenza A viruses with the haemagglutinin of the 1918 pandemic virus? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | For instance, how close were the troops? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | How likely is it that this genetic information be used for harmful purposes? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | How many soldiers were there? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | In sum, both ecological and functional perspectives on host- pathogens'interactions are required to answer the opening question of this essay but also to devise appropriate health- care measures in order to prevent( and predict?) |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | In: The threat of pandemic infl uenza: are we ready? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Is Mayr's proximate- ultimate dichotomy still useful? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Should n't host and pathogens 2 peacefully coevolve, and thus maximize both their chances of survival, instead of engaging in a near- infi nite arms race? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | So why was the Spanish infl uenza so devastating? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | The question"why do parasites harm their hosts?"is recurrent in evolutionary biology and ecology, and has several implications for the medical sciences, particularly public health and epidemiology. |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | What if someone with nefarious intentions reconstructs the virus? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | What if, by accident or not, the virus escapes into the environment? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | What is a pathogen? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | Why do parasites harm their hosts? |
| cord-017008-c7skxte0 | “ Why do parasites harm their host? ” is a recurrent question in evolutionary biology and ecology, and has several implications for the biomedical sciences, particularly public health and epidemiology. |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | A virus reveals population structure and recent demographic history of its carnivore host Parasites: Proxies for host genealogy and ecology? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | And how might co- infections with these undiscovered viruses influence the dynamics of the more well known viruses? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | And what are the relative roles of genetic relatedness and contact rate for transmission? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | And what are the relative roles of genetic relatedness and contact rate for transmission? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | As such, wild populations of rodents can be valuable as model disease systems to address relevant questions like: Are there key hosts for transmission? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | As technology becomes more affordable, and thus accessible, there will be increasing opportunities to ask large- scale questions such as: How does the virosphere vary across space and time? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | Can we use this to define risk of cross- species transmission or to inform conservation efforts? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | Could parasites destabilize mouse populations? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | For instance, what characteristics of hosts and viruses make them more or less likely to be involved in cross- species transmission? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | How do these pathogens flow through populations? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | How does it vary across species? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | How does prevalence vary seasonally or over time? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | How many species? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | Pending questions include: Which geographic areas will experience more disease and conservation problems? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | The peopling of the Pacific from a bacterial perspective Distinguishing human ethnic groups by means of sequences from Heliclobacter pylori: Lessons from Ladakh A parasite reveals cryptic phylogeographic history of its host Are lice good proxies for host history? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | What characteristics of hosts and viruses make them more or less likely to be involved in cross- species transmission events? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | What is the contact rate between the reservoir and humans? |
| cord-353609-no3mbg5d | Which areas pose the highest risk for pandemic spread of pathogens? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | An introduction to qualitative research Are we there yet? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Any long- term threats or even opportunities emerging from this situation? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Did you receive any support from the government as a result of the pandemic? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Do you plan to move to a long- term rental mode? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Has Covid-19 disrupted the disrupter? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Have the platforms( e.g. Airbnb) been supportive in terms of the impacts hosts have incurred as a result of the pandemic? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Have you received any requests or enquiries from guests asking about hygiene? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Have you received petitions of cancellations of bookings asking for 100% refund pushed by the platforms? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Have you received phone calls from'customers service'to encourage you to cancel bookings? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | How do you foresee your hosting practice evolving in the near future as a result of the pandemic? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | How has your hosting practice and operational activity changed as a result of the pandemic? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | In your opinion, how has the pandemic changed the P2P accommodation sector? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Mapping the consequences of authentic consumption experiences for hotels and Airbnb Going back to its roots: can hospitableness provide hotels competitive advantage over the sharing economy? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | The impact of the SARS outbreak on Taiwanese hotel stock performance: an event- study approach What do Airbnb users care about? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | The impacts of quality and quantity attributes of Airbnb hosts on listing performance Coronavirus pandemic and tourism: Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium modeling of infectious disease outbreak Rethinking game consumption in tourism: a case of the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China Hotel cleanliness: will guests pay for enhanced disinfection? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | What are the short- term economic impacts of the pandemic on your hosting activity? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | What do you think the long- term economic impacts of covid-19 will be? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | What makes an Airbnb host a superhost? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | When are online ratings more trustworthy? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Which measures are you planning to take to ensure a good level of hygiene is provided in your property(ies)? |
| cord-298475-3bhiattk | Why do Airbnb hosts discriminate? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | : what have we learned about natural selection in 15 years? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Are there differences in immune function between continental and insular birds? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Biodiversity: a continuing source of novel drug leads Epidemic disease decimates amphibian abundance, species diversity, and evolutionary history in the highlands of central Panama Using habitat models to map diversity: pan- African species richness of ticks( Acari: Ixodida) revisited: or why are there so many kinds of parasites in'the garden of earthly delights Distribution of specialist and generalist species along spatial gradients of habitat disturbance and fragmentation Evolution, consequences and future of plant and animal domestication Population dynamics of pathogens with multiple host species Sacred cows and sympathetic squirrels: the importance of biological diversity to human health Homage to Linnaeus: how many parasites? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | But could this low exposure also induce evolutionary change in the ability of a host to respond to infection? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | C Cross- protection of hepatitis E virus genotypes 1 and 4 in rhesus macaques Is a healthy ecosystem one that is rich in parasites? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Could it be possible that specialist species also carry hemorrhagic fever viruses, only these viruses have not yet been identified? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Disease Ecology? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | How many hosts? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Infectious Disease Ecology? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Or is there something intrinsic in opportunistic species that makes them more likely to evolve and maintain hemorrhagic fever viruses( Mills 2006)? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Parasite diversity: an overlooked metric of parasite pressures? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Regarding the genetic diversity of host, an important issue is: to what extent does a reduction of this diversity impact the ability of the host population to response to infectious diseases? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Regarding the genetic diversity of host, an important issue is: to what extent does a reduction of this diversity impact the ability of the host population to response to infectious diseases? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Scientific evidence supporting both of these views is beginning to emerge, but the core question remains: how is biodiversity linked to infectious disease? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | The parasites of Homo sapiens: an annotated checklist of the protozoa, helminths and arthropods for which we are home Immunological change in a parasite- impoverished environment: divergent signals from four island taxa Effect of host diversity on disease dynamics Ecology: individuals, populations and communities Disease spread, susceptibility and infection intensity: vicious circles? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | This then raises the following question: to what extent does a reduction of the genetic diversity in a host species impact the ability of the host population to response to infectious diseases( May 1995)? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Virtues of being faithful: can we limit the genetic variation in human immunodeficiency virus? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | What could be the consequences of such a shift? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | What may happen in a world where increased movements of hosts and pathogens, high population densities, and rapidly changing environments increase contact rates, spread, and selective pressures on pathogens and hosts while at the same time a combination of low exposure to pathogen biodiversity and decreased genetic variability in some animals increases susceptibility to new diseases? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | Why are murid species associated with hemorrhagic fever more generalist than those which are not? |
| cord-016717-2twm4hmc | key: cord-016717- 2twm4hmc authors: Vourc’h, Gwenaël; Plantard, Olivier; Morand, Serge title: How Does Biodiversity Influence the Ecology of Infectious Disease? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | ,, 2005? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | A subset of human immunodefi ciency virus type 1 long- term nonprogressors is characterized by the unique presence of ancestral sequences in the viral population Does common architecture reveal a viral lineage spanning all three domains of life? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Accordingly, when contemplating the amazing complexity of the P1 immunity and how it evolved, Yarmolinsky posed the question;"Could the byzantine complexity of the controls at ImmI be the outcome, not of successive host- parasite accommodations, but of competition among related phages?" |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Also, how do we defi ne information content or integrity of a consortia? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Can cooperation( or consortia behavior) result from any of these models? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Can this be considered an example of symbiosis in the accepted sense? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Could the adaptation to a host- specifi c persistence- based basal life strategy provide some explanations for the evolution of the higher fi delity RNA replicase of these coronaviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | DNA Viral eukaryogenesis: was the ancestor of the nucleus a complex DNA virus? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Did the need and selection for a larger genome override the use of error to generate adaptability as seen in poliovirus and HIV-1? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Does such a distributed pattern of evolution and gene novelty also apply to the phycodnaviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Here a virus, there a virus, everywhere the same virus? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How can genetic complexity be created in such a circumstance? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How do we defi ne such fi tness since the mixture clearly matters? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How does MHV attain such stable and prevalent persistence in natural population yet retain the ability to cause disease in naive populations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How generally important is this poliovirus in vivo quasispecies result? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How important are viruses in general to evolutionary biology? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How is information stability and higher fi tness attained with such errors? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How might such selection operate in natural populations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How might we explain the increased fi delity and genome size of the nidoviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How then do we link poxvirus evolution to other more ancient DNA viruses, such as PBCV-1 which has the same DNA replication mechanism, but distinct replication proteins? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If so, what selective pressures might have changed this seemingly basic feature? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If so, why is it that in sheep a distinctly different lineage of retrovirus( enJSRV) was also selected to provide a related placental function to a another mammal with signifi cantly different placental reproductive biology? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If we can accept the above conclusion concerning the role for viruses in the evolution of prokaryotes, we must then ask why such a successful evolutionary strategy was not apparently maintained in eukaryotes? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Is there any evidence that this result with poliovirus indeed represents a general virus- host evolutionary relationship in natural settings? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Protein repertoire of double- stranded DNA bacteriophages Characterization of the primary immunity region of the Escherichia coli linear plasmid prophage N15 Parvovirus variation for disease: a difference with RNA viruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Was there some change in viral adaptation in which quasispecies and generation of mixtures was no longer as important for adaptation? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Was this ERVL colonization of relevance to the ancient co- speciation of simian foamy virus and their primate host( Switzer et al., 2005)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What could be more fascinating than a green sea slug- an animal that can use light for photosynthesis? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What do we know about the natural biology of these viruses, which might provide some insight into this? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What does structure tell us about virus evolution? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What exactly was the relevance of HERV endogenization to human survival and adaptations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What is the fi tness consequence to the colony harboring MHV relative to its uninfected neighbor? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What maintains the MHV fi tness of natural persistence? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What then is the evolutionary relationship that links all of these seemingly distinct viruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What then is the fi tness and evolutionary consequence to E. coli harboring P1? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What was the role for SIV in the evolution of primate MHC( Vogel et al., 1999)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why is this relationship stable? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why should prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ is such a fundamental way? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | human and chimpanzee MHC I( Watkins, 1995; Kulski et al., 1999)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | tailed DNA bacteriophages Do viruses form lineages across different domains of life? |