bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
bat species	650
respiratory syndrome	343
fruit bats	326
acute respiratory	265
virsorter node	256
node length	256
length cov	256
cat virsorter	241
severe acute	237
nipah virus	236
fruit bat	212
syndrome coronavirus	195
bat cov	194
closely related	190
adipose tissue	184
amino acid	178
human sars	173
zoonotic viruses	168
infectious diseases	163
ebola virus	143
virus infection	141
hendra virus	131
middle east	127
flying fox	125
reservoir hosts	124
cell lines	119
emerging viruses	118
marburg virus	116
phylogenetic analysis	114
genetic diversity	114
host species	109
rabies virus	109
east respiratory	107
bat populations	106
public health	104
immune response	104
bat coronaviruses	101
bat cells	100
doc id	99
bat guano	99
cord uid	99
natural reservoir	91
supplementary table	91
emerging infectious	90
bat viruses	90
rousettus aegyptiacus	90
brown bats	87
flying foxes	86
host range	84
sequence identity	84
egyptian fruit	83
bats may	83
natural reservoirs	81
rna viruses	81
insectivorous bats	80
nose syndrome	80
european bat	78
big brown	77
immune responses	77
pteropid bats	75
different bat	73
bat coronavirus	71
reservoir host	70
european bats	68
sars cov	68
sars coronavirus	67
important reservoir	67
positive selection	66
little brown	66
bat aav	66
black flying	65
new world	65
borne viruses	64
innate immune	64
bat lyssavirus	63
like coronaviruses	62
immune system	61
genome sequence	61
complete genome	61
type i	61
perivascular adipose	61
novel coronavirus	61
bat covs	60
related viruses	60
horseshoe bats	60
zoonotic potential	60
fecal samples	59
viral rna	59
infected bats	59
viral infection	58
north american	58
bat origin	58
different species	58
bat irf	58
novel bat	57
like virus	56
pteropus alecto	56
bat sars	56
previous studies	56
neutralizing antibodies	55
respiratory disease	55
gene expression	55
colored fruit	54
united states	54
bat paramyxovirus	54
coronavirus hku	54
eidolon helvum	54
species transmission	53
intrinsic disorder	52
human coronavirus	52
experimental infection	52
encephalitis virus	52
human infection	52
nucleotide identity	52
jamaican fruit	51
rna polymerase	51
egyptian rousette	50
pteropus giganteus	50
old world	50
genome sequences	50
nucleic acid	50
virus transmission	49
performed using	49
bat activity	49
myotis lucifugus	49
novel viruses	48
additional file	48
zika virus	48
order chiroptera	48
may also	48
north america	48
viral replication	48
influenza viruses	48
brown bat	48
domestic animals	47
brown adipose	47
influenza virus	47
nucleotide sequences	47
associated viruses	47
amino acids	46
like coronavirus	46
saudi arabia	46
phylogenetic tree	46
eptesicus fuscus	46
like viruses	45
risk factors	45
described previously	45
bat rabies	44
african straw	44
large number	44
tadarida brasiliensis	44
mammalian species	44
dependent rna	44
sequence alignment	43
previously described	43
viral sequences	42
bat samples	42
frugivorous bats	42
related genes	42
maximum likelihood	42
phylogenetic trees	42
artibeus jamaicensis	42
indirubin treatment	41
bat contact	41
interspecies transmission	41
horseshoe bat	41
orf protein	40
species richness	40
parainfluenza virus	40
tailed bats	40
important role	39
emerging zoonotic	39
energy expenditure	39
mammalian viruses	39
viral families	39
close contact	39
reverse transcription	39
cov rna	38
world bats	38
positive samples	38
comparative analysis	38
marburg viruses	38
viral infections	38
virus isolation	38
viral sharing	37
zoonotic pathogens	37
dromedary camels	37
zoonotic diseases	37
bat consumption	37
highly pathogenic	37
african bat	37
cell line	37
human transmission	36
pteropid bat	36
echolocating bats	36
human health	36
authors declare	36
experimental infections	36
two species	36
type iii	35
antiviral immunity	35
sequence similarity	35
human parainfluenza	35
class i	35
highly conserved	35
previously reported	34
body weight	34
multiple sequence	34
bat virus	34
recent study	34
infectious disease	34
present study	34
chinese horseshoe	34
nucleotide sequence	34
bat genomes	33
porcine epidemic	33
nosed bat	33
direct contact	33
binding residues	33
bat flies	33
southern china	33
pteropus poliocephalus	33
gene sequences	33
sequence data	33
bat population	33
great leaf	33
clinical signs	33
individual bats	33
bat cell	33
novel paramyxoviruses	33
cell culture	32
dn ds	32
human cases	32
applied biosystems	32
viral diversity	32
virus infections	32
pteropus vampyrus	32
total rna	32
new species	32
pcr assays	31
bat trypanosomes	31
sequence analysis	31
mhc class	31
aav capsid	31
wild animals	31
among bats	31
read pairs	31
guano samples	31
experimentally infected	31
date palm	31
viral species	31
palm sap	31
bat lyssaviruses	31
desmodus rotundus	30
maternity colonies	30
metagenomic analysis	30
phylogenetic analyses	30
hemorrhagic fever	30
like receptors	30
wide range	30
viet nam	30
south africa	30
aegyptiacus bats	30
acid sequences	30
rousette bats	30
vampire bat	30
electron microscopy	30
cov sequences	30
dna viruses	30
sensory nerves	30
bat aavs	30
evolutionary history	30
distantly related	30
three viruses	30
expression levels	29
rhinolophoid bats	29
class ii	29
also found	29
ecosystem services	29
human irf	29
samples collected	29
genetically diverse	29
blood samples	29
zoonotic disease	29
genomic characterization	29
human population	29
american bats	29
insectivorous bat	29
bat hosts	28
novel mammalian	28
eating bats	28
pcr products	28
miniopterus schreibersii	28
serological evidence	28
life history	28
oral swabs	28
borne zoonotic	28
social behavior	28
animal species	28
african bats	28
ucp expression	27
body mass	27
infectious agents	27
time pcr	27
future studies	27
vampire bats	27
batcov hku	27
close proximity	27
data collection	27
population size	27
juvenile bats	27
tioman virus	27
even though	27
like covs	27
human rabies	27
bat influenza	26
constructed using	26
also identified	26
gene families	26
antiviral activity	26
cov infection	26
south american	26
zoonotic transmission	26
ifn response	26
roost type	26
sample size	26
human coronaviruses	26
evolutionary genetics	26
room temperature	26
phylogenetic relationships	26
bats bats	26
naturally infected	26
tissue samples	26
recent years	26
spike protein	26
network analysis	26
previous study	26
adaptive immune	26
bat rva	26
high prevalence	25
bat host	25
female bats	25
ace receptor	25
nt identity	25
brazilian free	25
top end	25
west africa	25
infect humans	25
epidemic diarrhea	25
australian bat	25
south america	25
bats host	25
leptospira spp	25
tailed bat	25
avian coronaviruses	25
open reading	25
common ancestor	25
hsp expression	25
nsp proteins	25
related coronavirus	24
ebov gp	24
i ifn	24
genome size	24
antibody responses	24
body size	24
japanese encephalitis	24
human cells	24
colony size	24
supplementary tables	24
bat immunology	24
respiratory tract	24
immune genes	24
molecular evolutionary	24
species identification	24
years ago	24
human populations	24
significantly higher	24
white adipose	24
better understanding	24
ion torrent	23
bat transcriptome	23
nervous system	23
virus replication	23
equine encephalitis	23
american bat	23
cell receptors	23
low levels	23
binding site	23
capsid genes	23
predict cov	23
genetic structure	23
time rt	23
population structure	23
mammalian paramyxoviruses	23
cov orf	23
polymerase gene	23
tissue tropism	23
disease outbreaks	23
genome sequencing	23
neutralizing antibody	23
borna disease	23
hibernating bats	23
positively selected	22
recent studies	22
accession numbers	22
spillover events	22
acid identity	22
major mammalian	22
nsp protein	22
species within	22
stranded rna	22
escherichia coli	22
genbank accession	22
whole genome	22
climate change	22
disease virus	22
bats captured	22
vascular tone	22
tested positive	22
pcr assay	22
mg ml	22
group coronaviruses	22
rodent species	22
life technologies	22
rna virus	22
also known	22
bat activation	22
molecular characterization	22
nk cell	22
binding domain	22
two different	22
genomic dna	21
nucleic acids	21
antibody response	21
evolutionary relationships	21
generation sequencing	21
one bat	21
bat myd	21
southeast asia	21
sampling effort	21
animal health	21
current study	21
total number	21
new virus	21
rousette bat	21
united kingdom	21
nipah viruses	21
pdb id	21
bat colonies	21
disease emergence	21
animal care	21
viral transmission	21
structural proteins	21
human disease	21
orf ab	21
protein kinase	21
host major	21
terminal region	21
species may	21
also detected	21
bat colony	21
dengue virus	21
mers coronavirus	21
host populations	21
natural hosts	21
hong kong	21
genetics analysis	21
disease control	21
chinese rufous	21
bacterial species	21
two viruses	21
molecular evolution	21
rufous horseshoe	21
several studies	21
highly divergent	21
mesenteric artery	20
large flying	20
gc gc	20
pteropus bats	20
australian black	20
emerging diseases	20
rna extraction	20
rdrp gene	20
immune function	20
african fruit	20
virus disease	20
may provide	20
bats special	20
population genetic	20
tissue culture	20
several bat	20
first time	20
inflammatory cytokines	20
different regions	20
sample collection	20
hepatitis virus	20
thermo fisher	20
bats harbor	20
bat fecal	20
broad range	20
results suggest	20
extracted using	20
genetic distances	20
parasite dynamics	20
million years	20
henipavirus infection	20
heat shock	20
virus spillover	20
fisher scientific	20
smooth muscle	20
crystal structure	20
fossil record	20
receptor genes	20
hl nl	20
including humans	20
infection rates	20
statistically significant	19
four species	19
three bat	19
democratic republic	19
intermediate hosts	19
statistical computing	19
among different	19
recombination events	19
acid sequence	19
national park	19
land use	19
reservoir species	19
forest cover	19
bat borne	19
viral genome	19
rva strains	19
cause severe	19
host cells	19
host shifts	19
fever virus	19
determine whether	19
aav vectors	19
brown adipocytes	19
binding regions	19
palm civets	19
human pathogens	19
family paramyxoviridae	19
guano miners	19
bacterial pathogens	19
gene flow	19
highly diverse	19
iii ifn	19
polymerase chain	19
pcr amplification	19
binding sites	19
body temperature	19
ifn production	19
bats within	19
lyssavirus type	19
many bat	19
three species	19
infecting humans	19
like cov	19
better understand	19
diarrhea virus	19
molecular phylogeny	19
iii ifns	19
infectious bronchitis	19
species tree	19
infected cells	19
week treatment	19
bat conservation	19
species diversity	19
novo assembly	18
analysis revealed	18
orf proteins	18
dna polymerase	18
accessory proteins	18
severe disease	18
data analysis	18
roosting sites	18
may play	18
two bat	18
mice fed	18
protein sequence	18
disease risk	18
viral pathogens	18
bat carcasses	18
gene family	18
viral metagenomics	18
geographical distribution	18
antiviral immune	18
associated virus	18
supporting information	18
natural history	18
data set	18
provide evidence	18
animal models	18
infect dis	18
full genome	18
viral richness	18
sympathetic nerves	18
coronavirus infection	18
gene source	18
previously known	18
widely distributed	18
mitochondrial dna	18
myotis myotis	18
mist nets	18
treated mice	18
either vehicle	18
nile virus	18
substitution model	18
new bat	18
immune systems	18
viral diseases	18
clustered together	18
world fruit	18
calculated using	18
experimental inoculation	18
ethics committee	18
cruzi clade	18
potential risk	18
relatively low	18
viral load	18
virus rna	17
viruses related	17
viral proteins	17
genomic sequences	17
broadly reactive	17
different locations	17
social network	17
related coronaviruses	17
host specificity	17
costa rica	17
accession number	17
flying mammals	17
coronavirus shedding	17
may represent	17
cell receptor	17
geographic regions	17
species composition	17
bat paramyxoviruses	17
gb virus	17
viruses belonging	17
west nile	17
related bat	17
avian influenza	17
population dynamics	17
genome analysis	17
novel sars	17
cell entry	17
clinical disease	17
field rats	17
serologic evidence	17
tacaribe virus	17
morfchibi web	17
positive bats	17
viruses may	17
natural killer	17
terrestrial mammals	17
international committee	17
genus betacoronavirus	17
swarming sites	17
human infections	17
viral zoonoses	17
cov nsp	17
use committee	17
mean ppid	17
bats sampled	17
significant differences	17
bat exposures	17
gene therapy	17
genes involved	17
different viruses	17
wildlife farms	17
borne virus	17
cov ratg	17
mrna expression	17
tcid ml	17
sampling sites	17
guano mining	17
newly discovered	17
specific antibodies	17
dna binding	16
innate immunity	16
supplementary material	16
determined using	16
another study	16
vascular function	16
bats also	16
small mammals	16
illuminates biogeography	16
bats species	16
frugivorous bat	16
transmission events	16
causative agent	16
rva bat	16
protein sequences	16
apparently healthy	16
comparative analyses	16
exposed group	16
age group	16
nested rt	16
significant difference	16
malaysian island	16
bactericidal ability	16
conducted using	16
wild birds	16
novel covs	16
rectal swabs	16
protein binding	16
oxidative stress	16
positive results	16
bat adv	16
pseudogymnoascus destructans	16
previously unknown	16
many viruses	16
genetic relatedness	16
unannotated contigs	16
host population	16
first report	16
among bat	16
two suborders	16
study area	16
bacterial communities	16
bats illuminates	16
bat blood	16
hematophagous bats	16
island flying	16
world health	16
dis doi	16
mass extinctions	16
cov gc	16
data suggest	16
gene repertoire	16
ssu rrna	16
vast majority	16
throughput sequencing	16
joining method	16
specific differences	16
disease transmission	16
diverse marburg	16
myotis ricketti	16
adult bats	16
cov hku	16
blood vessels	16
adaptive evolution	16
pakit cells	16
gene ontology	16
bats carry	15
reverse transcriptase	15
bat ifn	15
nested pcr	15
cov detection	15
bat virome	15
recent common	15
novel human	15
swab samples	15
newly identified	15
current knowledge	15
factors associated	15
prevalence patterns	15
human consumption	15
serum samples	15
pteropus spp	15
deadly paramyxovirus	15
wildlife trade	15
emergent deadly	15
disordered proteins	15
taken together	15
two novel	15
virus strains	15
gene segments	15
adult females	15
pipistrellus pipistrellus	15
previously published	15
multiple bat	15
yunnan province	15
virus antibodies	15
nucleocapsid protein	15
viral reservoirs	15
peninsular malaysia	15
case fatality	15
analysis using	15
signaling pathways	15
virus families	15
copy number	15
viral nucleic	15
novel paramyxovirus	15
long distances	15
reading frames	15
nosed bats	15
chain reaction	15
lyssavirus infection	15
genus rhinolophus	15
bone marrow	15
genomic sequence	15
fed ncd	15
powered flight	15
bat habitats	15
least one	15
transmissible gastroenteritis	15
sequences obtained	15
health organization	15
data sets	15
miniopterus spp	15
receptor gene	15
dendritic cells	15
red list	15
brown fat	15
although bats	15
rrna gene	15
software version	15
pcr using	15
group i	15
two decades	14
environmental variables	14
genetic characterization	14
study showed	14
genomic data	14
may lead	14
body condition	14
human travel	14
aav vector	14
rep gene	14
intrinsically disordered	14
much higher	14
field rat	14
two distinct	14
diverse group	14
high levels	14
virus evolution	14
wide variety	14
emerg infect	14
several different	14
emerging infections	14
zoonotic dis	14
rna binding	14
angiotensin ii	14
negative control	14
metabolic rate	14
acid level	14
per year	14
host phylogeny	14
evidence suggests	14
rousettus leschenaultii	14
headed flying	14
contact rates	14
immune cells	14
continuing source	14
mean ppids	14
infection dynamics	14
host immune	14
host cell	14
receptor binding	14
recently emergent	14
hb capsid	14
species found	14
like cluster	14
western blot	14
rdrp sequences	14
days post	14
virome analysis	14
i coronaviruses	14
institutional animal	14
related sequences	14
world bat	14
rhinolophus ferrumequinum	14
bat feces	14
sars coronaviruses	14
first isolated	14
transcription factors	14
pathogenic viruses	14
higher levels	14
iu ml	14
novel astroviruses	14
replicase polyprotein	14
south korea	14
binding region	14
genus alphacoronavirus	14
three novel	14
coronavirus associated	14
regulatory factor	14
step rt	14
sequencing reads	14
may cause	14
capsid gene	14
important source	14
contractile effect	14
like bat	14
zoonotic spillover	14
disorder profiles	14
healthy bats	13
rhinolophus bat	13
kidney cells	13
natural bat	13
mammal species	13
gene sequence	13
viral reservoir	13
may result	13
reported eating	13
east asia	13
see table	13
several species	13
constitutive expression	13
competing interests	13
risk assessment	13
iucn red	13
natural host	13
expression pattern	13
coronavirus rna	13
selected sites	13
coronavirus disease	13
roosting ecology	13
swine acute	13
taxonomic classification	13
mutation rate	13
rhinolophus sinicus	13
roosting bats	13
infectious virus	13
future directions	13
bat biology	13
high similarity	13
agarose gel	13
viruses identified	13
coronavirus spike	13
cov shedding	13
analysis indicated	13
new viruses	13
bats compared	13
including bats	13
avian species	13
large numbers	13
wuhan sequence	13
i interferon	13
sequence identities	13
increased risk	13
study reported	13
final manuscript	13
vero cells	13
structural protein	13
provided evidence	13
multiple species	13
per species	13
high diversity	13
table shows	13
differential expression	13
based phylogeny	13
history traits	13
positive control	13
sars epidemic	13
emerging zoonoses	13
conserved region	13
population densities	13
supply chain	13
coding genes	13
reading frame	13
cov strains	13
mesenteric arteries	13
mex cov	13
nonstructural protein	13
close relative	13
four different	13
disease ecology	13
killer cell	13
latin america	13
may facilitate	13
bovine serum	13
nk cells	13
infectious peritonitis	13
bat families	13
sequence alignments	13
population density	13
acoustic monitoring	13
services provided	13
genes related	13
pathogenic leptospira	13
transmission dynamics	13
likelihood method	13
pteropus hypomelanus	13
mini kit	13
cell types	13
cytopathic effects	13
last years	13
samples reveals	13
potential zoonotic	13
zoonotic virus	13
nitric oxide	13
aligned using	13
functional analysis	13
vehicle group	13
bacterial phyla	12
emerging bat	12
visualized using	12
related species	12
cross species	12
using two	12
african green	12
clinical symptoms	12
three times	12
time course	12
different genera	12
currently available	12
acute diarrhoea	12
intramuscular injection	12
vector borne	12
high seroprevalence	12
seropositive bats	12
host response	12
growth factor	12
feline coronavirus	12
superscript iii	12
necrosis factor	12
one species	12
seed dispersal	12
vs false	12
eared bat	12
indirect contact	12
human respiratory	12
molecular recognition	12
years old	12
species barrier	12
intermediate host	12
bootstrap replicates	12
mouse model	12
bats identification	12
high genetic	12
lyssavirus genus	12
complete genomes	12
mammalian cells	12
hsp aa	12
important reservoirs	12
fatality rate	12
olfactory receptor	12
ebov infection	12
heat stress	12
animal model	12
bats isolation	12
salivary gland	12
relationships among	12
wt cmr	12
coloured fruit	12
acute gastroenteritis	12
important viral	12
will also	12
bootstrap support	12
parasite transmission	12
zoonotic risk	12
virus sequences	12
central america	12
emerging pathogens	12
bat network	12
giganteus bats	12
deduced amino	12
pteropus scapulatus	12
nelson bay	12
sympathetic nervous	12
pathogen transmission	12
many novel	12
geographic distribution	12
plos one	12
mammalian orthoreovirus	12
spike gene	12
caught bats	12
trypanosoma cruzi	12
results showed	12
true vs	12
mortality rates	12
rat trade	12
bat pyvs	12
placental mammals	12
sequencing data	12
also showed	12
lysis buffer	12
three different	12
mitochondrial biogenesis	12
species sampled	12
membrane protein	12
cancer cachexia	12
rabies viruses	12
viral entry	12
novel betacoronavirus	12
experimental studies	12
venezuelan equine	12
feline infectious	12
neotropical bats	12
related virus	12
myotis nattereri	12
surveillance studies	12
brazilian bats	12
transgene expression	12
viral discovery	12
tentatively named	12
potential role	12
ebola viruses	12
potentially zoonotic	12
maternity roosts	12
human viruses	12
social groups	12
many species	12
sympathetic nerve	12
two major	12
synonymous substitutions	12
polyclonal antibody	12
bronchitis virus	12
ranging bats	12
zoonotic infectious	12
estimated using	11
provides insight	11
blast search	11
bat genome	11
bats might	11
respiratory illness	11
fatal encephalitis	11
louis encephalitis	11
molecular characterisation	11
subgenus megatrypanum	11
viral spillover	11
equine morbillivirus	11
across species	11
three regions	11
morf region	11
shock protein	11
endothelial cells	11
bat assemblages	11
transmission may	11
geographical range	11
gastroenteritis virus	11
virus type	11
human cell	11
close relatives	11
eukaryotic viral	11
mitochondrial function	11
using mist	11
stranded dna	11
asian bats	11
rna detection	11
korean bats	11
recently identified	11
national institute	11
bp fragment	11
virus isolated	11
respiratory infections	11
genomes provides	11
human middle	11
viral ecology	11
consumption behaviors	11
whether bats	11
korean bat	11
flexible regions	11
genomic rna	11
peripheral blood	11
one health	11
copy numbers	11
wild carnivores	11
pilot study	11
independent variables	11
saharan africa	11
species isolated	11
empirical data	11
wat browning	11
partial rna	11
experimentally inoculated	11
new genus	11
course study	11
virome diversity	11
rhinolophid bats	11
many different	11
molecular evidence	11
mexican free	11
molossus molossus	11
liquid nitrogen	11
carollia perspicillata	11
transcriptome data	11
encephalitis viruses	11
indian flying	11
mediated immune	11
viral shedding	11
genetic relationship	11
like receptor	11
yellow fever	11
viruses doi	11
human ifn	11
immunofluorescence assay	11
human exposure	11
four bat	11
reproductive status	11
hku strain	11
yn capsid	11
cleavage sites	11
virus circulation	11
transcriptome sequencing	11
protein interactions	11
cynopterus sphinx	11
bats detection	11
rep protein	11
infect human	11
cov diversity	11
diverse viruses	11
borne diseases	11
hypsugo savii	11
genus pteropus	11
across different	11
genome segments	11
bats using	11
viral traits	11
mumps virus	11
similar results	11
cell mediated	11
spillover risk	11
social networks	11
molecular diversity	11
become infected	11
avian coronavirus	11
viruses capable	11
novel virus	11
disorder predisposition	11
bat bite	11
past months	11
assembled contigs	11
coronavirus diversity	11
authors read	11
rabies surveillance	11
bat rvas	11
group size	11
dead bats	11
mediated immunity	11
bacterial infection	11
urine samples	11
diarrhoea syndrome	11
incubation period	11
ifn receptor	11
sars nsp	11
will help	11
environmental conditions	11
transcription factor	11
bat meat	11
bat astroviruses	11
high metabolic	11
bootstrap values	11
histoplasma capsulatum	11
age groups	11
creative commons	11
social structure	11
bat immune	11
ds ratio	11
cold exposure	11
rhinolophus spp	11
species assemblages	11
salivary glands	11
tissue distribution	11
activity rates	11
live animal	11
chemosensory receptor	11
specific primers	11
geomyces destructans	11
global trends	11
bat cave	11
relatively high	11
bats live	11
different bacterial	10
jurisdictional claims	10
two groups	10
close relationship	10
bat migration	10
san diego	10
bovine tuberculosis	10
coronavirus infections	10
previously identified	10
transmission among	10
sequence reads	10
activated protein	10
fresh guano	10
human papillomavirus	10
sialic acid	10
may occur	10
vertebrate species	10
study found	10
consensus sequence	10
live virus	10
viral dna	10
statistical analysis	10
genome segment	10
monoclonal antibody	10
study revealed	10
social organization	10
weight loss	10
virus entry	10
two weeks	10
recently emerged	10
also reported	10
community structure	10
close genetic	10
molecular epidemiology	10
parasite species	10
springer nature	10
infected individuals	10
dipeptidyl peptidase	10
expression profile	10
food intake	10
virus among	10
predict zoonotic	10
risks associated	10
bayesian inference	10
viruses including	10
viruses shared	10
genome assemblies	10
signal peptide	10
traits predict	10
calcitonin gene	10
fusion dynamics	10
among mammals	10
viruses bats	10
animal ethics	10
related peptide	10
per site	10
species barriers	10
virus outbreak	10
niv outbreak	10
virus isolates	10
high throughput	10
published maps	10
birth pulse	10
stop codons	10
possible role	10
potential reservoir	10
coding sequences	10
rural areas	10
fatty acid	10
hsp ab	10
remains neutral	10
bats coincide	10
sequenced using	10
may suggest	10
new hosts	10
expression patterns	10
respiratory coronavirus	10
bat myotis	10
viruses within	10
mouse muscle	10
bat genera	10
human rva	10
bat flight	10
sars outbreak	10
new insights	10
australian flying	10
whole blood	10
fatal human	10
transport medium	10
southern brazil	10
parasite risk	10
faecal samples	10
total cholesterol	10
diverse range	10
comparative genomic	10
new south	10
myotis daubentonii	10
large colonies	10
hb vector	10
experimental nipah	10
somatic hypermutation	10
primer sequences	10
social systems	10
antiviral responses	10
urban areas	10
highly disordered	10
upper respiratory	10
may allow	10
pteropine orthoreovirus	10
buffered saline	10
life span	10
sequences available	10
also used	10
central africa	10
indirect immunofluorescence	10
bats provide	10
purifying selection	10
covs detected	10
foster city	10
active surveillance	10
dry season	10
may explain	10
encephalomyelitis virus	10
menangle virus	10
inflammatory responses	10
east africa	10
one study	10
data obtained	10
fatal disease	10
strongly associated	10
vespertilionid bats	10
viral reads	10
bat thermogenesis	10
nature remains	10
nutritional stress	10
expression level	10
ecological niches	10
nipha virus	10
second largest	10
important roles	10
diversity among	10
beige adipocytes	10
coronavirus strain	10
guano farms	10
analysis version	10
partial rdrp	10
experimental data	10
animal reservoirs	10
ray crystal	10
comparative studies	10
bat poxviruses	10
epidemiological studies	10
experimental study	10
higher prevalence	10
evolutionary insights	10
human influenza	10
myd binding	10
placental mammal	10
genes associated	10
rva human	10
novel group	10
promoter region	10
wild animal	10
statistical significance	10
cdna synthesis	10
gel electrophoresis	10
macrophage marker	10
proposed genus	10
haemorrhagic fever	10
bats infected	10
cause disease	10
known human	10
eptesicus serotinus	10
human diseases	10
new human	10
studies indicated	10
geographical locations	10
sequence information	10
infection detected	10
serological survey	10
severe diseases	10
rat mesenteric	10
bats appear	10
wild bats	10
muscle transduction	10
astrovirus sequences	10
seasonal pulses	10
unknown viral	10
one doi	10
tumor implantation	10
skeletal muscle	10
severe respiratory	10
coronavirus sequences	10
niv infection	10
similar viruses	10
high viral	10
institutional affiliations	10
gut virome	10
seven novel	10
pcr product	10
evolutionary relationship	10
key role	10
epidemiological models	10
disorder propensity	10
viral genomes	10
bats bat	10
common african	10
perivascular adipocytes	10
linear mixed	10
reverse primer	10
associated coronavirus	10
software package	9
herpes virus	9
disorder scores	9
final extension	9
protein gene	9
rousettus bats	9
deadly viruses	9
selective pressure	9
single bat	9
findings suggest	9
high sequence	9
new member	9
highly similar	9
molecular data	9
npc domain	9
may reflect	9
qpcr analysis	9
detected using	9
blood cells	9
geographic range	9
sierra leone	9
genome characterization	9
eat bats	9
bat hunting	9
aav rep	9
mononuclear cells	9
increasingly recognized	9
annual rainfall	9
different strains	9
soc trang	9
bacterial infections	9
novo transcriptome	9
also demonstrated	9
prediction intervals	9
viral transport	9
study design	9
severe emerging	9
bat mx	9
cell responses	9
genetic analysis	9
marv infection	9
immune evasion	9
family coronaviridae	9
antiviral response	9
human hepatocytes	9
relatively small	9
following infection	9
takes place	9
assembled using	9
animal coronaviruses	9
longitudinal surveillance	9
deltacoronavirus supports	9
reference sequences	9
information criterion	9
three studied	9
pteropus lylei	9
obese mice	9
blind passages	9
tumor necrosis	9
various bat	9
bat roosts	9
new zealand	9
human covs	9
artibeus lituratus	9
related covs	9
red flying	9
bats date	9
time points	9
oxidase subunit	9
drodvir database	9
bat diversity	9
sanger sequencing	9
animal hosts	9
including ebola	9
bat reservoir	9
astrovirus haplotypes	9
may help	9
studies using	9
artibeus bats	9
result showed	9
cause gastroenteritis	9
human primates	9
threatened species	9
genus deltacoronavirus	9
wide distribution	9
pairwise sequence	9
genome copies	9
induced thermogenesis	9
white blood	9
secondary structure	9
limited number	9
one hour	9
inflammatory response	9
previous reports	9
novel coronaviruses	9
guangdong province	9
glucose levels	9
sequence homology	9
first evidence	9
host social	9
protein interaction	9
aav hb	9
bat antiviral	9
antigenically related	9
badger culling	9
analysis showed	9
male bats	9
tested using	9
covs found	9
bat trypanosome	9
real time	9
emerging human	9
rousettus leschenaulti	9
infected animals	9
analysis based	9
expression analysis	9
sequence variation	9
using primers	9
results demonstrate	9
little red	9
human interfaces	9
bat fauna	9
vero ccl	9
bat iavs	9
scid mice	9
animal market	9
miniopterus fuliginosus	9
infection among	9
coronavirus accessory	9
use change	9
bats representing	9
inflammatory cytokine	9
aav serotypes	9
sampling event	9
strict host	9
covs may	9
bat caves	9
known mammalian	9
gb viruses	9
species might	9
fusogenic orthoreovirus	9
biological characteristics	9
interspecies transmissions	9
eastern equine	9
italian bats	9
online version	9
uroderma bilobatum	9
different populations	9
bat social	9
interferon regulatory	9
unknown reovirus	9
strain hku	9
novel viral	9
associated diseases	9
roosting behavior	9
bats belong	9
adipose tissues	9
vascular smooth	9
european vespertilionid	9
following stimulation	9
long distance	9
virus neutralizing	9
murine coronavirus	9
bats living	9
great genetic	9
potential reservoirs	9
paramyxoviridae family	9
identifi cation	9
analyzed using	9
complete mitochondrial	9
virulence genes	9
extracted rna	9
valley fever	9
pulau virus	9
provide insight	9
many studies	9
epithelial cells	9
molecular detection	9
certain bat	9
next generation	9
infected egyptian	9
new york	9
novel adenovirus	9
food resources	9
nuclear factor	9
legged bats	9
health concern	9
bat tissues	9
subgenus embecovirus	9
animal origin	9
small intestine	9
species worldwide	9
go terms	9
coleura afra	9
primer sets	9
south wales	9
links bats	9
several zoonotic	9
green monkey	9
filovirus entry	9
human betacoronavirus	9
wild mammals	9
throat swabs	9
first discovered	9
health risk	9
seq data	9
family pteropodidae	9
bat isolates	9
contact experiences	9
blood meals	9
supports bat	9
antigen binding	9
enveloped viruses	9
logistic regression	9
control group	9
global patterns	9
different geographical	9
convergent evolution	9
within bat	9
rva strain	9
captured bats	9
juvenile rousettus	9
wildlife populations	9
informed consent	9
way anova	9
many countries	9
lymph nodes	9
induced obese	9
pcr kit	9
trypanosome species	9
bat adenovirus	9
mouse ifn	9
kidney cell	9
circular dna	9
long life	9
glucose homeostasis	9
small sample	9
facilitate viral	9
within roost	9
cytochrome oxidase	9
habitat fragmentation	9
second mutation	9
western australia	9
viral family	9
myotis brandtii	9
rattus norvegicus	9
torrent sequencing	9
ifn locus	9
well established	9
antibody titers	9
endothelial dysfunction	9
eutherian mammals	9
providing evidence	8
representative images	8
habitat types	8
density lipoprotein	8
high population	8
bovine respiratory	8
anthropogenic environments	8
host traits	8
response genes	8
genetic evidence	8
pipistrellus nathusii	8
identified viruses	8
long time	8
viral contigs	8
ppid values	8
bat communities	8
microbiome studies	8
screening primers	8
endangered species	8
partial sequence	8
ecological diversity	8
continued surveillance	8
within normal	8
human ace	8
reveals unique	8
receptor usage	8
human case	8
cardiovascular system	8
transcriptome assembly	8
viruses detected	8
query coverage	8
rousettus bat	8
pooled guano	8
mammals capable	8
novel poxvirus	8
mean monthly	8
disease susceptibility	8
muscle cells	8
broad host	8
asian countries	8
one another	8
immune gene	8
rhinolophus bats	8
functional conservation	8
determine bat	8
stem cells	8
viruses associated	8
orthologous genes	8
intestinal samples	8
dependent manner	8
bats belonging	8
viral loads	8
may indicate	8
virus strain	8
membrane fusion	8
known bat	8
family members	8
poxvirus infections	8
bats around	8
transmission within	8
sin nombre	8
distance matrices	8
disordered regions	8
phylogeny constrains	8
forward primer	8
first identified	8
full length	8
molecular cloning	8
viruses infecting	8
acid residues	8
oral shedding	8
west african	8
orthoreovirus species	8
higher number	8
human myd	8
hibernating little	8
rabies infection	8
energy metabolism	8
family flaviviridae	8
normal limits	8
protein catabolism	8
highly variable	8
fetal bovine	8
cycle sequencing	8
bat npc	8
including sars	8
beilong virus	8
accessory protein	8
positive bat	8
pathogenesis studies	8
molecular biology	8
great diversity	8
several years	8
outer capsid	8
marburg hemorrhagic	8
likely due	8
different hosts	8
primate aavs	8
kampar virus	8
viruses carried	8
molluscum contagiosum	8
virus glycoprotein	8
gene tree	8
blood cell	8
converting enzyme	8
covs isolated	8
reactive consensus	8
selection pressure	8
sao paulo	8
diverse mammalian	8
stock virus	8
pipistrellus abramus	8
enteric viruses	8
new orthoreovirus	8
fusion protein	8
will likely	8
least two	8
migratory species	8
detect novel	8
protein levels	8
data show	8
short read	8
winged bats	8
human beings	8
index case	8
study suggests	8
substitutions per	8
distant relatives	8
specific reagents	8
bat rotavirus	8
human outbreaks	8
wet markets	8
model selection	8
canine coronavirus	8
unique group	8
transmit viruses	8
urban area	8
sensory innervation	8
different genotypes	8
last two	8
davis cave	8
small number	8
bat exposure	8
tissues including	8
available data	8
cov id	8
pathogen dynamics	8
virus bats	8
detection rate	8
bat rousettus	8
reverse primers	8
receptor complex	8
various species	8
acid substitutions	8
two bats	8
generalized linear	8
lipid metabolism	8
adult female	8
rotavirus strains	8
antibody prevalence	8
short period	8
body temperatures	8
graphpad prism	8
rna genome	8
wildlife reservoirs	8
swine enteric	8
posterior probability	8
bat excreta	8
may vary	8
less likely	8
important ecosystem	8
human dwellings	8
post inoculation	8
zoonotic origin	8
sequences detected	8
pig farms	8
social thermoregulation	8
disease dynamics	8
oxygen consumption	8
vascular remodeling	8
laryngeal echolocating	8
published studies	8
species across	8
terminal regions	8
length genome	8
genome annotation	8
different times	8
ecological factors	8
major natural	8
kda protein	8
microsatellite loci	8
transfected cells	8
available bat	8
bat mhc	8
infect bats	8
largest order	8
cellular receptor	8
viruses using	8
livestock animals	8
broome virus	8
northern territory	8
domestic animal	8
mass mortality	8
brown myotis	8
lyssa virus	8
known coronaviruses	8
lyssavirus infections	8
reproductive season	8
parasitic mite	8
host switching	8
phylogenetic position	8
cell growth	8
economic importance	8
highest nucleotide	8
also observed	8
supplementary data	8
cell death	8
provides new	8
central nervous	8
zoonotic agents	8
sendai virus	8
microbat species	8
studies suggest	8
canine distemper	8
coronavirus antibodies	8
wildlife species	8
viruses per	8
vespertilio superans	8
results indicate	8
nuclear dna	8
low expression	8
little information	8
ab initio	8
two sites	8
cov genomes	8
two rousettus	8
based protein	8
secondary antibody	8
epidemic diarrhoea	8
genus shaanvirus	8
generated using	8
harp traps	8
morphological characteristics	8
ebola outbreak	8
i molecules	8
viral read	8
global health	8
mammalian cell	8
rna extracted	8
free water	8
newly described	8
greater risk	8
rna genomes	8
roost sites	8
entry receptor	8
low prevalence	8
host interactions	8
genomic analysis	8
mechanisms responsible	8
risk factor	8
chaerephon plicatus	8
bats roosting	8
using rt	8
host restriction	8
ecological dynamics	8
myotis bechsteinii	8
rift valley	8
npc gene	8
asian bat	8
sequence analyses	8
wild caught	8
fort collins	8
recently discovered	8
bat droppings	8
serological findings	8
viral evolution	8
nine bat	8
little evidence	8
chulalongkorn university	8
sample sizes	8
experimental rabies	8
bl mice	8
analysis tools	8
coronavirus nonstructural	8
individual variation	8
orf sequence	8
small numbers	8
inflammatory marker	8
host density	8
preliminary study	8
aquatic birds	8
blood pressure	8
connectivity map	8
brief review	8
ectoparasite prevalence	8
veterinary medicine	8
spermine nonoate	8
white fat	8
single species	8
dong thap	8
bats collected	8
virus encephalitis	8
poxvirus host	8
first detection	8
ordered proteins	8
coronaviruses reveals	8
analysis reveals	8
like illness	8
one million	8
viral detection	8
emerging viral	8
may therefore	8
infectious dose	7
avian infectious	7
markov chain	7
disordered protein	7
virus may	7
critical role	7
recently described	7
international development	7
bioinformatics analysis	7
pattern recognition	7
biological features	7
widely used	7
geographic distance	7
ecology determine	7
also important	7
web server	7
genetic co	7
four genera	7
bat herpesviruses	7
helvum npc	7
ghrelin administration	7
swat signature	7
palm civet	7
binding protein	7
poorly understood	7
guinea fowl	7
low activity	7
dna damage	7
low coverage	7
bat interactions	7
longitudinal study	7
transmission studies	7
discovered coronavirus	7
guano pellets	7
host responses	7
also provided	7
emerging disease	7
rabies seasonality	7
natural selection	7
stimulated genes	7
canal zone	7
heavy chain	7
endemic regions	7
potential source	7
direct progenitor	7
five different	7
bushmeat trade	7
sample type	7
putative viral	7
mops condylurus	7
white nose	7
reassortment events	7
distinct roles	7
host ecology	7
complete genomic	7
cell response	7
guano fertilizer	7
using muscle	7
pathogen interactions	7
canopy cover	7
risk periods	7
new viral	7
winged bat	7
throat swab	7
study group	7
future research	7
illumina hiseq	7
respondents reported	7
blind passage	7
coronavirus nsp	7
sequences using	7
also appears	7
nr database	7
feeding habits	7
type diabetes	7
crucial role	7
mitochondrial cytochrome	7
sequences showed	7
might also	7
insulin sensitivity	7
atlantic forest	7
ml penicillin	7
different cell	7
also tested	7
well plates	7
protein database	7
fatal swine	7
may contribute	7
viral sequence	7
reveals many	7
one morf	7
information available	7
hfd vehicle	7
small proportion	7
contains supplementary	7
enhancing activity	7
viral genomic	7
allow bats	7
rousettus leschenaultia	7
neutralising antibodies	7
major bat	7
anal swab	7
spliced leader	7
virus isolate	7
among colonies	7
including bat	7
human interface	7
epauletted fruit	7
chikungunya virus	7
viral elements	7
bat reservoirs	7
evolutionary source	7
eucampsipoda africana	7
national ethics	7
analyses indicated	7
samples positive	7
high mutation	7
virus discovery	7
genome assembly	7
three blind	7
rna dependent	7
high altitude	7
bat contigs	7
gene sequencing	7
trizol reagent	7
emerging deadly	7
follicular dendritic	7
bank voles	7
social group	7
guinea pigs	7
conventional iavs	7
immunoglobulin heavy	7
model using	7
novo assembled	7
subgroup features	7
reported bat	7
bat sampling	7
previous work	7
molecular mechanisms	7
technical assistance	7
authorized users	7
recognition receptors	7
aav capsids	7
novel genus	7
common pipistrelle	7
author contributions	7
next pandemic	7
fruit trees	7
bicolored white	7
calf serum	7
rvna positive	7
viruses detection	7
virus ecology	7
associated protein	7
related individuals	7
national institutes	7
high degree	7
acid conservation	7
purified using	7
european countries	7
increasing type	7
link bats	7
pathogenic potential	7
isolated virus	7
molecular identification	7
baboon orthoreovirus	7
twelve genomes	7
fed mice	7
cotia virus	7
vice versa	7
partially eaten	7
diverse influenza	7
go slim	7
novel lyssavirus	7
batcov gccdc	7
also present	7
data available	7
tract infections	7
rocky mountain	7
human contact	7
polyprotein ab	7
protective immunity	7
different sites	7
major histocompatibility	7
site test	7
viruses isolated	7
two new	7
substitution rate	7
three sites	7
old female	7
virus exposure	7
bat interferon	7
rabies cases	7
rabies exposure	7
destructans infection	7
induced obesity	7
reactive reverse	7
important emerging	7
bats worldwide	7
respiratory distress	7
borne viral	7
forearm length	7
culture supernatant	7
new coronavirus	7
vsv pseudotypes	7
fungal pathogen	7
note springer	7
mostly ordered	7
novel influenza	7
natural resources	7
many bats	7
phylogenetic relationship	7
nearly complete	7
immunological features	7
mammalian order	7
chinese ferret	7
human strains	7
first described	7
new england	7
immunological properties	7
shed light	7
bayesian phylogenetic	7
innate antiviral	7
bats tested	7
leschenaultii guano	7
pathogenic bacteria	7
acid oxidation	7
low number	7
functional receptor	7
heat treatment	7
greater horseshoe	7
expected size	7
metagenomic studies	7
phylogenetic inference	7
environmental factors	7
disease outbreak	7
systemic administration	7
nucleocapsid gene	7
rw period	7
mild respiratory	7
bat kidney	7
direct exposure	7
monthly temperature	7
mouse antisera	7
currently known	7
bats found	7
mammalian orthoreoviruses	7
within pvat	7
coronaviruses based	7
rhinolophus hipposideros	7
secondary structures	7
high rate	7
using trizol	7
global public	7
sampled bats	7
scanning electron	7
rna copies	7
egyptian rousettes	7
distributed across	7
new isolates	7
genomic analyses	7
genetic clusters	7
anal swabs	7
potential spillover	7
animal welfare	7
including cd	7
indian ocean	7
genotype constellation	7
two strains	7
gene repertoires	7
reverse genetics	7
studies will	7
thermoneutral conditions	7
receptor expression	7
studies showed	7
like helicases	7
lower levels	7
viral persistence	7
caused fatal	7
allow us	7
health threat	7
study provides	7
coronavirus species	7
virus prevalence	7
human cov	7
serum antibodies	7
mortality rate	7
signaling pathway	7
rabies transmission	7
molecular analysis	7
viral antigen	7
subgenus schizotrypanum	7
endemic areas	7
vector genome	7
acute diarrhea	7
final model	7
aav variants	7
using sequence	7
disorder analysis	7
infecting human	7
pcr system	7
dna sequences	7
lactating females	7
recombination event	7
confidently link	7
subunit i	7
culture infectious	7
species compared	7
electronic supplementary	7
within laurasiatheria	7
new cov	7
association patterns	7
viral particles	7
east region	7
bay orthoreovirus	7
cell cultures	7
vascular dysfunction	7
infected vero	7
pandemic potential	7
feedlot cattle	7
essential medium	7
viruses circulating	7
ranging european	7
virus host	7
binding motif	7
human bacterial	7
higher viral	7
results indicated	7
two sequences	7
porcine deltacoronavirus	7
large phylogenies	7
effects models	7
bat white	7
bat passes	7
bat hepatitis	7
viruses known	7
sample types	7
tree topologies	7
megabats may	7
previous research	7
vampyrus bats	7
high frequency	7
wildlife reservoir	7
using mega	7
several emerging	7
human node	7
new mammalian	7
populations may	7
nucleotide substitution	7
human isolates	7
rna segments	7
vp gene	7
neutral mutations	7
genetic differentiation	7
remains unknown	7
specific genes	7
red blood	7
amplified using	7
common ancestry	7
wild bat	7
zikv infection	7
mitochondrial genome	7
melaka virus	7
data demonstrate	7
minimum essential	7
coronaviruses provides	7
virus taxonomy	7
also thank	7
strains isolated	7
using clustalw	7
infected individual	7
bat sample	7
core team	7
paramyxovirus rna	7
significantly lower	7
sense rna	7
ifn stimulated	7
geographic location	7
disease prevalence	7
long lifespan	7
pcr screening	6
significant association	6
bat hunters	6
high proportion	6
phylogenetic reconstruction	6
time point	6
corona viruses	6
lucifugus genome	6
forested areas	6
wide host	6
wild aquatic	6
brown adipocyte	6
species tested	6
genome organization	6
hibernating bat	6
protein coding	6
commons attribution	6
harbor diverse	6
newly emerged	6
three proteins	6
urban environments	6
results provide	6
mating systems	6
bat genes	6
sudv gp	6
population biology	6
almost identical	6
palu cells	6
myotis blythii	6
african wild	6
unique expression	6
fat diet	6
ii drb	6
species infections	6
kenyan bat	6
culture medium	6
genes encoding	6
tone regulation	6
bat sequences	6
sequences used	6
bats serve	6
bats suggests	6
species present	6
temple workers	6
cell supernatants	6
site species	6
eonycteris spelaea	6
study also	6
library preparation	6
genus lyssavirus	6
person transmission	6
viral genes	6
adaptive radiations	6
bats nipah	6
tree based	6
reciprocal blast	6
ifn regulatory	6
highly structured	6
viruses novel	6
genes within	6
types i	6
capsid layer	6
parasitic infections	6
serological characterization	6
samples using	6
last decades	6
complement activity	6
laurasiatherian mammals	6
local scale	6
fusion peptide	6
near human	6
prolonged heat	6
mekong delta	6
rabies antibody	6
chronic infections	6
modelling filovirus	6
seropositive samples	6
chiang rai	6
spike glycoprotein	6
quantitative real	6
anthropogenic deforestation	6
maximum parsimony	6
transdermal bat	6
classification system	6
bat bushmeat	6
south australia	6
family reoviridae	6
health risks	6