quadgram

This is a table of type quadgram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

quadgram	frequency
for the detection of	245
severe acute respiratory syndrome	138
j virol methods doi	115
influenza a h n	97
porcine epidemic diarrhea virus	88
the sensitivity of the	70
the specificity of the	67
sensitivity and specificity of	62
used in this study	53
of porcine epidemic diarrhea	53
in the presence of	52
the detection limit of	51
assay for the detection	47
of respiratory syncytial virus	47
for the detection and	47
of severe acute respiratory	46
the sensitivity and specificity	46
of feline infectious peritonitis	43
p r o o	43
r o o f	43
u r n a	42
l p r e	42
detection limit of the	42
r n a l	42
n a l p	42
j o u r	42
in the present study	42
o u r n	42
a l p r	42
assay for detection of	40
for the presence of	39
was found to be	39
detection and differentiation of	38
pcr and nested pcr	37
rna was extracted from	37
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus	36
of infectious bronchitis virus	35
of the assay was	35
c for s and	34
followed by cycles of	34
was carried out in	33
development and evaluation of	32
reproductive and respiratory syndrome	32
and respiratory syndrome virus	32
porcine reproductive and respiratory	32
classical swine fever virus	31
avian infectious bronchitis virus	31
transcription polymerase chain reaction	31
for the diagnosis of	30
pcr assay for the	29
pcr for the detection	29
detection and quantitation of	29
the detection of the	29
and specificity of the	29
the sequence of the	29
were found to be	29
bovine viral diarrhea virus	29
as shown in fig	29
detection of respiratory viruses	28
of the h y	27
the limit of detection	27
bovine respiratory syncytial virus	27
are shown in table	26
on the other hand	26
the polymerase chain reaction	26
n and h n	25
h n and h	25
fold serial dilutions of	25
c for min and	25
in the united states	25
for rapid detection of	25
this work was supported	24
as well as the	24
in the case of	24
of canine distemper virus	23
sequence analysis of the	23
reverse transcription polymerase chain	23
the c t values	23
a wide range of	22
work was supported by	22
of newcastle disease virus	22
serial dilutions of the	22
the development of a	22
method for the detection	22
carried out in a	22
on the basis of	22
feline infectious peritonitis virus	22
was used as the	21
can be used to	21
primers and probes were	21
was added to each	21
was carried out using	21
of porcine circovirus type	21
detection of influenza a	21
the aim of this	20
postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome	20
used to determine the	20
of the m gene	20
in this study were	20
the h y rt	20
with severe acute respiratory	20
was added to the	20
pcr assay for detection	20
the end of the	20
of this study was	20
pcr was carried out	20
the results of the	19
mediated isothermal amplification assay	19
could be used to	19
detection of antibodies against	19
a final volume of	19
of classical swine fever	19
the presence of the	19
and sensitive detection of	19
this study was to	19
and evaluation of a	18
detection and quantification of	18
added to each well	18
pcr for detection of	18
aim of this study	18
this is the first	18
a member of the	18
a final concentration of	18
washed three times with	18
of influenza a viruses	18
in the absence of	18
kindly provided by dr	18
for the development of	18
of avian infectious bronchitis	17
assays for the detection	17
by polymerase chain reaction	17
developed in this study	17
incubated for min at	17
respiratory syncytial virus in	17
with the exception of	17
human respiratory syncytial virus	17
the detection and quantitation	17
can be used for	17
sensitivity of the assay	17
house sephadex tm columns	17
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction	17
specificity of the assay	16
has been shown to	16
of influenza a virus	16
in this study was	16
were obtained from the	16
found to be positive	16
the n protein of	16
as a result of	16
a h n virus	16
samples were collected from	16
of transmissible gastroenteritis virus	16
of the s protein	16
c t values of	16
an important role in	16
polymerase chain reaction assay	16
was performed using the	16
for the identification of	16
is one of the	15
was determined to be	15
a total volume of	15
viral rna mini kit	15
respiratory tract infections in	15
the s protein of	15
the vaccinia virus genome	15
for detection of antibodies	15
the cells were washed	15
final volume of l	15
method for detection of	15
pcr assay for rsv	15
the universal influenza a	15
the performance of the	15
rt real time qt	15
by agarose gel electrophoresis	15
incubated for h at	15
was able to detect	15
samples were positive for	15
would like to thank	15
for disease control and	15
detection of respiratory syncytial	15
the primers and probes	15
disease control and prevention	15
more sensitive than the	15
of the s gene	15
nucleotide sequence of the	15
for the rapid detection	14
n protein of sars	14
detection and identification of	14
the s gene of	14
was shown to be	14
min at room temperature	14
of tmev and rtv	14
porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus	14
of influenza a h	14
was used as a	14
assays for detection of	14
it is important to	14
for min followed by	14
the virus neutralisation test	14
respiratory syncytial virus infection	14
rapid and sensitive detection	14
on the surface of	14
have been shown to	14
on a agarose gel	14
infectious bronchitis virus in	14
the h y mutation	14
primers and probe were	14
been shown to be	14
of primers and probes	13
in the faeces of	13
high sensitivity and specificity	13
the primers and probe	13
was performed in a	13
mediated isothermal amplification for	13
and validation of a	13
development and validation of	13
were used for the	13
total volume of l	13
is based on the	13
the use of a	13
the recombinant m protein	13
primer and probe sequences	13
the detection of canine	13
sensitivity and specificity were	13
of hepatitis c virus	13
h n influenza a	13
type and vaccine strains	13
c for min followed	13
were washed three times	13
of the primers and	13
diagnosis of feline infectious	13
at c for min	13
this study was supported	13
at a concentration of	13
the in silico sensitivity	13
identification of a novel	13
are listed in table	13
forward and reverse primers	12
the reproducibility of the	12
step step step step	12
for min at room	12
reaction was carried out	12
sensitivity of the rt	12
three times with pbs	12
centers for disease control	12
samples that tested positive	12
soiv osel res probe	12
human immunodeficiency virus type	12
patients with severe acute	12
qiaamp viral rna mini	12
influenza a and b	12
and molecular characterization of	12
mediated isothermal amplification method	12
and h of storage	12
study was supported by	12
a large number of	12
assay was developed for	12
in vitro and in	12
in vitro transcribed rna	12
were used in the	12
it should be noted	12
as shown in table	12
soiv osel sen probe	12
the nucleotide sequence of	12
the rapid detection of	12
in a final volume	12
was extracted from the	12
was developed for the	12
in a l reaction	12
centrifuged for min at	12
bovine viral diarrhoea virus	12
to be more sensitive	12
it is possible that	12
for rapid detection and	12
was determined by testing	12
be due to the	12
for detection of sars	12
the sybr green real	12
should be noted that	12
the severe acute respiratory	12
copies l of template	12
vitro and in vivo	12
in the online version	12
in the diagnosis of	12
to be positive by	12
in accordance with the	12
higher than that of	12
primers and probes used	12
of the viral genome	12
methods for the detection	12
were detected in the	11
the detection rate of	11
the efficiency of the	11
the course of the	11
of the viral rna	11
was evaluated by testing	11
peripheral blood mononuclear cells	11
lower respiratory tract infections	11
the expression of the	11
time polymerase chain reaction	11
was carried out at	11
porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus	11
was used for the	11
ng of total rna	11
at the end of	11
without the need for	11
viruses a and b	11
coronavirus in patients with	11
one of the most	11
the copy number of	11
rapid detection and differentiation	11
reverse transcriptase polymerase chain	11
and can be used	11
time reverse transcriptase pcr	11
the world health organization	11
in patients with severe	11
is shown in fig	11
may be due to	11
pcr assays for the	11
assay was evaluated by	11
are shown in fig	11
of a novel coronavirus	11
was supported by the	11
time pcr assay for	11
the mesenteric lymph nodes	11
this article can be	11
positive for h n	11
was mixed with l	11
as well as for	11
detection of porcine epidemic	11
a dilution series of	11
for rapid diagnosis of	11
study was to develop	11
total rna was extracted	11
coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus	11
in a total volume	11
article can be found	11
results suggest that the	11
wild type and mutant	11
m of each primer	11
isothermal amplification assay for	11
for detection of influenza	11
copies ng of total	11
of west nile virus	11
ns serotype specific rt	11
of the pcr products	11
the chimaeric s gene	10
as well as a	10
as a positive control	10
a h n and	10
were carried out using	10
developed sample preparation method	10
used to evaluate the	10
detection of feline coronavirus	10
be explained by the	10
for detection and differentiation	10
the detection of respiratory	10
have been described for	10
we have developed a	10
by the addition of	10
described for the detection	10
influenza viruses a and	10
products were detected by	10
institute of public health	10
for detection of the	10
were used to determine	10
be used as a	10
specific siga positive colostrum	10
porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus	10
was to develop a	10
epidemic diarrhea virus in	10
to a final concentration	10
to that of the	10
were used in this	10
reproducibility of the assay	10
assay developed in this	10
performed according to the	10
the presence of a	10
of equine arteritis virus	10
time reverse transcription polymerase	10
a final extension at	10
samples were positive by	10
to each well and	10
detection of canine parvovirus	10
at room temperature for	10
were designed based on	10
conserved region of the	10
than that of the	10
for each of the	10
viral rna was extracted	10
to determine the sensitivity	10
plays an important role	10
the results showed that	10
be more sensitive than	10
the detection and quantification	10
the authors would like	10
for detection of respiratory	10
was used to detect	10
be used to detect	10
authors would like to	10
the use of the	10
linked immunosorbent assay for	10
with feline infectious peritonitis	10
were positive by the	10
of canine parvovirus type	10
of respiratory viruses in	10
developed for the detection	10
the detection of human	10
acute respiratory tract infections	10
is a member of	10
of the samples were	10
amplification was carried out	10
the gene encoding for	10
in order to detect	10
not detected by the	10
polymerase chain reaction for	10
ib h and ib	9
in a variety of	9
the virus in the	9
by the polymerase chain	9
dilution series of a	9
cause of severe acute	9
of bovine viral diarrhea	9
virulent strains of pedv	9
polymerase chain reaction and	9
spike and membrane proteins	9
is more sensitive than	9
g for min at	9
used in the study	9
compared to that of	9
subgroups a and b	9
designed based on the	9
detection of the h	9
detection of canine distemper	9
was approved by the	9
the diagnosis of fip	9
nested polymerase chain reaction	9
development of a real	9
h and n genes	9
the results suggest that	9
to the number of	9
isolation and identification of	9
for the production of	9
and characterization of a	9
to detect and differentiate	9
was performed using a	9
has been shown that	9
was carried out with	9
of tsv and yhv	9
evaluation of a novel	9
of h n influenza	9
the soiv osel res	9
was extracted from l	9
the majority of the	9
of in vitro transcribed	9
cells were infected with	9
study was approved by	9
were performed according to	9
the centers for disease	9
amino acid sequences of	9
h and ib d	9
the influenza a h	9
the present study was	9
of the present study	9
loop mediated isothermal amplification	9
gag and env genes	9
primers and probes for	9
was developed to detect	9
is able to detect	9
was supported by grants	9
in viral transport media	9
it has been shown	9
during the course of	9
pcr assays for detection	9
of btov and ptov	9
were included in the	9
in the current study	9
isothermal amplification method for	9
and quantitative detection of	9
coronavirus type i and	9
it is difficult to	9
recombinant m protein was	9
member of the genus	9
of porcine reproductive and	9
supported by grants from	9
for the rapid and	9
american type culture collection	9
hepatitis c virus rna	9
large scale rna production	9
eggs inoculated with the	9
the plates were incubated	9
the pcr products were	9
was added to a	9
the primers were designed	9
influenza a viruses and	9
per primer or probe	9
for simultaneous detection of	9
were designed using the	9
in the mesenteric lymph	9
the detection limits of	9
were positive for the	9
more sensitive than conventional	9
of influenza a and	9
could be used for	9
the ability of the	9
pcr assay was determined	9
the assay was evaluated	9
in the course of	9
the size of the	9
were carried out in	9
in the m gene	9
fold dilutions of the	9
infected vero e cells	9
for the first time	9
of the duplex real	9
the results indicated that	9
were positive according to	9
samples were stored at	9
polymerase chain reaction assays	9
rna was eluted in	8
the spike protein of	8
rna was extracted using	8
a high degree of	8
f and b primers	8
samples that were negative	8
was defined as the	8
the n gene of	8
phylogenetic analysis of the	8
copies ml for rsv	8
each well and the	8
were incubated for h	8
coronavirus associated with severe	8
the qiaamp viral rna	8
from to copies of	8
for min and cycles	8
rapid detection of porcine	8
characterization of a novel	8
detection of sars cov	8
of a novel real	8
the m protein is	8
t values of the	8
associated with severe acute	8
a h n isolates	8
for influenza a h	8
that the expression of	8
of bovine viral diarrhoea	8
of the ministry of	8
the first report of	8
of a nested pcr	8
samples were negative by	8
sets of nested primers	8
of bovine respiratory syncytial	8
was carried out on	8
of respiratory virus infections	8
has been described previously	8
extracted from l of	8
the lod of the	8
the development and validation	8
the sensitivity of rt	8
filtration on the in	8
the c t value	8
van der hoek et	8
was calculated using the	8
test for the detection	8
analytical sensitivity of the	8
a rapid and sensitive	8
ferret lymph node cells	8
a useful tool for	8
and specific detection of	8
assay for detection and	8
positive and negative controls	8
a pair of primers	8
a total of clinical	8
the detection of porcine	8
mediated isothermal amplification of	8
the sybr green rt	8
based on the results	8
against the s protein	8
and l of the	8
in the number of	8
coronaviruses e and oc	8
of nucleic acid amplification	8
the detection and differentiation	8
type i and ii	8
of bovine leukemia virus	8
sybr green i real	8
and reproducibility of the	8
been described for the	8
room temperature for min	8
copy number of the	8
of f and b	8
amplification for rapid detection	8
detection limits of the	8
der hoek et al	8
to the detection of	8
and sybr green real	8
infectious bursal disease virus	8
for the simultaneous detection	8
for pdm h n	8
for detection of human	8
for the analysis of	8
for the study of	8
detection of severe acute	8
cells were washed with	8
a novel coronavirus in	8
mixed with l of	8
a ct value of	8
was used in the	8
are reported in table	8
the sequences of the	8
viral rna in the	8
was used to determine	8
method for the rapid	8
isothermal amplification for rapid	8
sequence of the primers	8
it is possible to	8
been developed for the	8
isothermal amplification of dna	8
limit of detection of	8
component of the triplex	8
and incubated for h	8
the vero e cells	8
the viral load in	8
by the soiv osel	8
of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis	8
novel coronavirus in patients	8
quantitation of canine coronavirus	8
had a sensitivity of	8
the applicability of the	8
a sensitive and specific	8
a l reaction volume	8
the soiv osel sen	8
h at room temperature	8
for the h y	8
of the virus in	8
respiratory syncytial virus and	8
highly sensitive and specific	8
cycles of s at	8
the vero e cell	8
as a negative control	8
it was demonstrated that	8
h n influenza viruses	8
dna was extracted from	8
of sensitivity and specificity	8
primers were designed to	8
of the n protein	8
of human enteric viruses	8
by the use of	8
denaturation for min at	8
and rapid detection of	8
were tested by the	8
and quantitation of canine	8
and probes were designed	8
samples were obtained from	8
isolation and characterization of	8
cycles of denaturation at	8
to the presence of	8
of the influenza a	8
be detected by the	8
in out of occasions	8
is the first report	8
of human respiratory syncytial	8
was performed with the	8
a set of four	8
a fragment of the	7
the acute phase of	7
house developed sample preparation	7
the need for a	7
with t rna polymerase	7
of detection of the	7
of the cap protein	7
be useful for the	7
and phylogenetic analysis of	7
a and b and	7
development and application of	7
assay was determined using	7
lower than that of	7
can be detected by	7
amplification assay for rapid	7
the detection of a	7
to those of the	7
diagnostic sensitivity and specificity	7
and genetic characterization of	7
on the detection of	7
at weeks of age	7
of the faecal samples	7
sensitive and specific detection	7
the molecular detection of	7
lower respiratory tract infection	7
the h y assay	7
transcription was carried out	7
a agarose gel and	7
assay for rapid and	7
respiratory viruses in clinical	7
of the spike protein	7
is due to the	7
based on the sequence	7
of nucleic acid from	7
for severe acute respiratory	7
of the ibv genome	7
the european standard nf	7
were considered to be	7
in mesenteric lymph nodes	7
in order to avoid	7
with postweaning multisystemic wasting	7
a total of samples	7
were negative by both	7
by cycles of denaturation	7
a possible cause of	7
in terms of sensitivity	7
virus by reverse transcription	7
were washed once with	7
with respect to the	7
cells in the presence	7
initial denaturation for min	7
of rsv rna copies	7
the clart pneumovir test	7
van rijn et al	7
the quality of the	7
results were obtained with	7
faecal samples of dogs	7
by the multiplex method	7
both h and n	7
primers were designed using	7
dilution in out of	7
possible cause of severe	7
c and min at	7
assay was designed to	7
in this study is	7
in the european standard	7
the concentration of the	7
h and h y	7
the standard deviation of	7
to assess the specificity	7
water and stored at	7
related to this article	7
specificity and sensitivity of	7
and probes used in	7
receptor for the sars	7
influenza a virus subtype	7
were performed using the	7
eluted in l of	7
nucleic acid amplification tests	7
agarose gel electrophoresis and	7
to be the most	7
with a mean of	7
the establishment of a	7
positive for respiratory viruses	7
tract infections in children	7
optical density at nm	7
the rt real time	7
the sd bioline norovirus	7
determine the sensitivity of	7
n influenza a virus	7
amplification refractory mutation system	7
data were analyzed using	7
pcr assay to detect	7
the first line of	7
using the polymerase chain	7
the ectodomain of the	7
the optical density at	7
will be useful for	7
development of a nested	7
we would like to	7
at a multiplicity of	7
european standard nf en	7
is closely related to	7
dynamic range of the	7
a total of serum	7
the ftdrp ev pev	7
of the expected size	7
methods for detection of	7
dual priming oligonucleotide system	7
on the hcov e	7
detection of nv rna	7
variant strain of pedv	7
as a possible cause	7
detection of human coronaviruses	7
endpoint detection limit of	7
the cdc real time	7
method for rapid detection	7
could be due to	7
at a dilution of	7
dogs suspected to have	7
the detection of influenza	7
a virus subtype h	7
dilution series of the	7
novel coronavirus associated with	7
the method described by	7
an increasing number of	7
cells were washed once	7
was determined using a	7
total of serum samples	7
was performed according to	7
hospital for sick children	7
detection of viral rna	7
of chx and hxm	7
time pcr for the	7
the difference between the	7
of the cap gene	7
pcr assay was performed	7
detection of porcine parvovirus	7
dhinakar raj and jones	7
these results indicate that	7
bp fragment of the	7
a detection limit of	7
assay can be used	7
was based on the	7
detection of infectious bronchitis	7
tcid cdv cell culture	7
of rabies and rabies	7
described in this study	7
pellet was resuspended in	7
assess the specificity of	7
scale rna production system	7
the membrane was incubated	7
with fetal bovine serum	7
the basis of the	7
were carried out with	7
for h at room	7
were tested using the	7
was supported by a	7
was carried out to	7
were used to evaluate	7
respiratory viral infections in	7
the gold standard for	7
sequences of the primers	7
from patients with a	7
detection of bovine viral	7
three times with tbs	7
as the percentage of	7
tokyo metropolitan institute of	7
was assessed by testing	7
of the severe acute	7
ftdrp ev pev assay	7
of the triplex assay	7
assay was used to	7
limit of the assay	7
pcr was performed in	7
play an important role	7
a novel coronavirus associated	7
test for detection of	7
and the plates were	7
was confirmed by the	7
the endpoint detection limit	7
in influenza a h	7
then added to the	7
sg and vero e	7
have been developed for	7
chain reaction assay for	7
pedv specific siga positive	7
l of extracted rna	7
for h n virus	7
stained with ethidium bromide	7
diagnosis of respiratory syncytial	7
the pcv capsid protein	7
in this study could	7
the detection of sars	7
these results suggest that	7
the causative agent of	7
the primer pair ccov	7
virus subtype h n	7
the assay was highly	7
identification of respiratory viruses	7
the virulent strains of	7
sensitive than conventional rt	7
volume of l containing	7
porcine epidemic diarrhea in	7
of viral rna in	7
type a influenza virus	7
development of a rapid	7
virulent and avirulent strains	7
tmev and rtv were	7
amplification method for rapid	7
assay for rapid detection	7
the m gene of	7
the celigo image cytometer	7
coronavirus as a possible	7
early diagnosis of sars	7
rna in clinical samples	7
the m protein of	7
were collected from patients	7
in the negative group	7
of the n gene	7
development of a novel	7
a nested pcr assay	6
l and a r	6
the primer and probe	6
oseltamivir resistance in influenza	6
mrna copies l of	6
the development of new	6
used to assess the	6
evaluation of reverse transcription	6
the total sample volume	6
were confirmed by sequencing	6
presence of the virus	6
detection of porcine circovirus	6
of respiratory viruses using	6
were incubated for min	6
a component of the	6
of the sars coronavirus	6
the n protein was	6
and nested pcr assays	6
results indicate that the	6
as an internal control	6
also included in the	6
circulating in the us	6
as well as other	6
samples were tested by	6
syncytial virus infection in	6
were purified using the	6
animal care and use	6
in any of the	6
of virus in the	6
of oseltamivir resistance in	6
the viral rna was	6
were also included in	6
combined with l of	6
perfect base pairing with	6
activity on the hcov	6
the etiological agent of	6
c and s at	6
with acute respiratory tract	6
aliquots of each dilution	6
a multiplicity of infection	6
specific and sensitive detection	6
rna in faecal samples	6
detection of canine coronavirus	6
the number of cells	6
the n gene was	6
human influenza a viruses	6
were submitted to the	6
sample volume subjected to	6
a dual priming oligonucleotide	6
and porcine respiratory coronavirus	6
molecular characterization of a	6
could be detected by	6
were used as the	6
the amplification reaction was	6
the total antibody test	6
our results showed that	6
in a agarose gel	6
the detection of pedv	6
to confirm the presence	6
in vitro assembly of	6
the relative abundance of	6
at a final concentration	6
was not detected in	6
c t values were	6
the sensitivity of detection	6
feline infectious peritonitis is	6
pandemic h n influenza	6
were cloned into the	6
of the vaccinia virus	6
results showed that the	6
detection of hepatitis c	6
human sars positive serum	6
of recombinant m protein	6
suspected to have cd	6
assays were carried out	6
approved by the institutional	6
the mucosal immune system	6
cats with and without	6
analysis of the pcr	6
the who taqman assay	6
and influenza a virus	6
by sequencing of the	6
of human immunodeficiency virus	6
reactions were carried out	6
to be specific for	6
sd bioline norovirus test	6
taqman real time rt	6
the ge pfu ratio	6
pcr was performed using	6
assay was determined by	6
assay could be used	6
rsv a and b	6
did not detect any	6
of porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis	6
of sybr green real	6
and a final extension	6
by in vitro transcription	6
detection of the virus	6
the plates were washed	6
by grants from the	6
one egg inoculated with	6
the taqman probe was	6
as well as in	6
restriction fragment length polymorphism	6
the transmissible gastroenteritis virus	6
against the n protein	6
calculated based on the	6
was kindly provided by	6
position and sequence of	6
probes used in the	6
of the gene encoding	6
into the vaccinia virus	6
were not detected by	6
in the positive group	6
for seasonal h n	6
the infectivity of the	6
followed by amplification cycles	6
times more sensitive than	6
monoclonal antibodies directed against	6
sequence of the s	6
standard nf en a	6
detection and characterization of	6
in comparison to the	6
this study was approved	6
virulent strain of pedv	6
of the sybr green	6
type i and type	6
epidemic diarrhea virus and	6
within the vaccinia virus	6
at the same time	6
the position and sequence	6
vero e cells were	6
capsid protein of porcine	6
de keuckelaere et al	6
c in a co	6
feline infectious peritonitis cases	6
and sequence of the	6
were used to generate	6
in this study we	6
emergence of a novel	6
on the use of	6
detection of h y	6
was eluted in l	6
and a specificity of	6
at the hospital for	6
supplementary data associated with	6
molecular detection of sars	6
method was developed for	6
was extracted using the	6
reaction was terminated by	6
specificity of the primers	6
c t value of	6
and differentiation of dengue	6
volume subjected to lc	6
was supported in part	6
ranging from to copies	6
acute respiratory tract disease	6
influenza virus a h	6
dilutions of the plasmid	6
viral load in the	6
in the development of	6
pcr products were separated	6
due to the presence	6
the central nervous system	6
and vaccine strains of	6
virus a h n	6
genotypes of rabies and	6
causing severe acute respiratory	6
functional receptor for the	6
supported by a grant	6
studies have shown that	6
at a density of	6
metropolitan institute of public	6
in order to determine	6
of respiratory viral infections	6
and h y alleles	6
according to the in	6
were added to the	6
that were negative for	6
in the detection of	6
the diagnostic performance of	6
on an abi prism	6
the etiologic agent of	6
recombinase polymerase amplification assay	6
a simple and rapid	6
and the cells were	6
amplification and detection of	6
used according to the	6
and the viral copy	6
realart hpa coronavirus rt	6
egg inoculated with the	6
and resuspended in l	6
protein of porcine circovirus	6
in this study are	6
a functional receptor for	6
the detection of h	6
respiratory syncytial virus by	6
feline coronavirus type i	6
the reaction mixture contained	6
min and cycles of	6
can be difficult to	6
care and use committee	6
as an elisa antigen	6
used for rna extraction	6
was also used for	6
under the same conditions	6
with this article can	6
in the total sample	6
buffer and stored at	6
for diagnosis of respiratory	6
the m gene fragment	6
resistance in influenza a	6
total of clinical samples	6
supported in part by	6
serum samples were collected	6
limit of detection and	6
was significantly higher than	6
acute lower respiratory tract	6
academy of agricultural sciences	6
was performed as described	6
of the na gene	6
reaction volume of l	6
the detection of seven	6
ck s gene sequence	6
was determined by using	6
pcr assay targeting the	6
data associated with this	6
the development and evaluation	6
could be used as	6
associated with this article	6
was higher than that	6
no conflicts of interest	6
the primers used for	6
cells were incubated at	6
the beginning of the	6
the detection of norovirus	6
in the genbank database	6
the diagnosis of feline	6
to compare the sensitivity	6
limit of detection was	6
the expression of egfp	6
of the c t	6
in this study and	6
tenfold serial dilutions of	6
with the primer pair	6
is considered to be	6
a single peak at	6
with a panel of	6
a l and a	6
was incubated for min	6
min followed by cycles	6
defined in the m	6
the identity of the	6
the sensitivity of this	6
influenza a component of	6
of the alignment search	6
detection of norovirus in	6
number of rsv rna	6
in the control group	6
the presence of fcov	6
polymerase chain reaction to	6
after h of incubation	6
a comparison of the	6
ccv and ccv primers	6
detection of h n	6
for the n protein	6
sensitivity of the real	6
detection and typing of	6
reaction contained l of	6
of the m protein	6
of monoclonal antibodies against	6
of the capsid protein	6
of each of the	6
the severity of the	6
it was found that	6
infected vero cell lysates	6
between viral load and	6
ml of viral transport	6
time pcr master mix	6
samples that had tested	6
we found that the	6
to be positive for	6
carried out on the	6
the detection of antibodies	6
were performed on a	6
quantitation of respiratory syncytial	6
in order to evaluate	6
were detected by the	6
in a previous study	6
base pairing with of	6
virus in the united	6
and avirulent strains of	6
rna was reverse transcribed	6
the amplified products were	6
had perfect base pairing	6
the fact that the	6
a multiplex reverse transcription	6
the duplex taqman rrt	6
incubated at room temperature	6
i and type ii	6
as shown by the	6
carried out with the	6
rapid and sensitive method	6
used as a positive	6
to determine the presence	6
national center for biotechnology	6
per reaction for both	6
the spike and membrane	6
in the m protein	6
natural science foundation of	6
of reverse transcription loop	6
the coefficient of variation	6
sensitivity and specificity for	6
transmissible gastroenteritis virus and	6
strain of infectious bronchitis	6
for their ability to	6
an equal volume of	6
the standard curve was	6
using a dilution series	6
as a template for	6
and amount of viral	6
the simultaneous detection of	6
we are grateful to	6
by reverse transcription polymerase	6
at rpm for min	6
total sample volume subjected	6
and n genes were	5
in the feces of	5
were performed as described	5
of the ic assay	5
and nested pcr were	5
of forward and reverse	5
during the first days	5
pcr assay based on	5
syncytial virus rna in	5
a denaturation step at	5
l and v h	5
highly specific and sensitive	5
the method described in	5
detection of transmissible gastroenteritis	5
assay was performed in	5
immunosorbent assay for the	5
of the serum samples	5
detection of bovine respiratory	5
virus neutralisation test and	5
the log of the	5
of the sequence of	5
the limits of detection	5
characterization of a new	5
with any of the	5
the sense and amount	5
and found to be	5
was determined by the	5
in a ml reaction	5
primers used in this	5
evaluation of a real	5
for the in silico	5
maximum of one mismatch	5
commercial rna extraction kit	5
the five eggs inoculated	5
it was shown that	5
have been reported in	5
positive by conventional rt	5
the surface of the	5
and the amount of	5
of one mismatch per	5
designed to be specific	5
high sensitivity of the	5
gastroenteritis virus and porcine	5
u of rnase inhibitor	5
a and rsv b	5
times with pbs and	5
for direct detection of	5
elisa based on the	5
resuspended in ml of	5
virus belonging to the	5
diagnosis of viral respiratory	5
in embryonated chicken eggs	5
elution buffer and stored	5
viruses in clinical specimens	5
primers specific for the	5
silico sensitivity and specificity	5
has the potential to	5
in silico sensitivity and	5
by reverse transcription loop	5
is possible that the	5
min and terminated at	5
for the determination of	5
it is likely that	5
development of a reverse	5
diarrhea virus in the	5
the presence of antibodies	5
of the ecogpt gene	5
pigs with postweaning multisystemic	5
rapid diagnosis of sars	5
allow laboratories to screen	5
an influenza a h	5
effusions of cats with	5
the accuracy of the	5
transmembrane protein m of	5
was demonstrated that the	5
authors declare that they	5
used as templates for	5
the detection limit was	5
of the multiplex method	5
standard sanger sequencing method	5
and expression of the	5
directed against the n	5
confirm the specificity of	5
in the same way	5
the tokyo metropolitan institute	5
volume of l of	5
detected down to the	5
after days of incubation	5
the authors wish to	5
from stainless steel and	5
gene encoding for the	5
and stained with ethidium	5
with a detection limit	5
chain reaction for the	5
rpm for min at	5
of purified n protein	5
respiratory virus infections in	5
van elden et al	5
of primers used for	5
a positive control in	5
the diagnosis of respiratory	5
appeared to be more	5
pcr and negative by	5
samples were found to	5
shown to be a	5
was cut with ncoi	5
the reaction was carried	5
viral load and disease	5
with high sensitivity and	5
ribomax tm large scale	5
sequence of the m	5
a portion of the	5
describes the development of	5
load and disease severity	5
for at least days	5
a reduction in the	5
can be applied to	5
the detection of bovine	5
in one of the	5
one of the major	5
and differentiation of the	5
detection and genotyping of	5
rna was extracted and	5
all influenza a viruses	5
the antigen capture elisa	5
detection of influenza viruses	5
on a uv transilluminator	5
detected by the soiv	5
primers for the detection	5
the sybr green i	5
canine distemper virus in	5
viral rna was isolated	5
c prior to use	5
of the family coronaviridae	5
on agarose gel electrophoresis	5
reactions were performed in	5
and specificity of real	5
electrophoresed on a agarose	5
and identification of human	5
could be explained by	5
the detection rates of	5
of the neuraminidase gene	5
the results of this	5
s and extension at	5
of viral rna and	5
were used to detect	5
was obtained from the	5
in tan et al	5
the laboratory diagnosis of	5
of acute respiratory tract	5
pdm h n and	5
assisted laser desorption ionization	5
for min and terminated	5
expression in cultured cells	5
an in vitro model	5
the american type culture	5
using the superscript iii	5
mismatch per primer or	5
using the qiaamp viral	5
detection of the viral	5
for respiratory viruses by	5
with a final extension	5
the chinese academy of	5
the results show that	5
number of copies of	5
and sensitivity of the	5
of the genome of	5
rapid detection and quantitation	5
of the standard curve	5
was the same as	5
copies per reaction for	5
vero e cell layer	5
positive for pdm h	5
were carried out to	5
tm rv detection kit	5
real time pcr assays	5
included in the analysis	5
products were separated by	5
higher sensitivity of the	5
were carried out on	5
h n and pdm	5
in the swine population	5
from the ministry of	5
was not detected by	5
targeting the conserved regions	5
to this article can	5
with lower respiratory tract	5
closely related to the	5
assay was assessed using	5
dilutions of the rna	5
with the results of	5
the h y component	5
plates were incubated for	5
chimaeric s gene sequence	5
dilutions of nucleic acid	5
of the ns gene	5
cells transfected with pegfp	5
sense and amount of	5
a second round of	5
of the primers used	5
by the mlpa and	5
once with pbs and	5
for the sars coronavirus	5
avian influenza h n	5
the diagnosis of acute	5
pcr assay for rapid	5
the geometric mean of	5
real time pcr in	5
determine the presence of	5
to determine the optimal	5
and in vivo validation	5
de vries et al	5
novel h y rt	5
important to note that	5
the reaction conditions were	5
based multiplex pcr assay	5
of surface sampling methods	5
multiplex reverse transcription nested	5
tool for detection of	5
sets of primers and	5
of nucleotides in length	5
lamp was carried out	5
types a and b	5
like particles associated with	5
publication of this article	5
of pedv viral rna	5
is consistent with the	5
was first reported in	5
diagnosis of sars coronavirus	5
might be due to	5
were inserted into the	5
of cell culture supernatant	5
the h and h	5
confirm the presence of	5
the m protein gene	5
of nv rna in	5
the in vitro transcribed	5
five eggs inoculated with	5
based on the detection	5
to the development of	5
of the current study	5
early detection of sars	5
the addition of the	5
and disease severity in	5
useful for the development	5
cut with ncoi and	5
for tmev and rtv	5
used for the detection	5
amplification assay for the	5
the pedv m protein	5
to be highly specific	5
were performed in a	5
that had tested positive	5
of the developed rt	5
a reverse transcription loop	5
n influenza a viruses	5
compare the sensitivity of	5
of a novel pestivirus	5
method described in this	5
detection of newcastle disease	5
protein of severe acute	5
and porcine reproductive and	5
elisa for the detection	5
methods have been developed	5
from the t promoter	5
respiratory syndrome virus in	5
standard curve was generated	5
performed as described previously	5
comparative sequence analysis of	5
the influenza a component	5
by real time rt	5
when compared to the	5
peptides were subjected to	5
the influenza a virus	5
ube d and hmbs	5
with a titer of	5
in vero e cells	5
the rna was eluted	5
host cell seeding density	5
a maximum of one	5
children admitted to hospital	5
specificity of the duplex	5
firefly luciferase reporter gene	5
plates were coated with	5
assay was compared to	5
has not been reported	5
corresponding to a ct	5
expressed as the percentage	5
of each sample was	5
assay variability of the	5
for min in a	5
to distinguish between the	5
in this study has	5
genome copies in the	5
that they have no	5
taqman real time pcr	5
were designed to amplify	5
assay was developed to	5
epidemic diarrhea virus infection	5
detection of sars coronavirus	5
performed on l of	5
performed in a final	5
at c for s	5
of the clinical samples	5
of a new human	5
of wild type and	5
a simple method of	5
the reaction was terminated	5
as a diagnostic antigen	5
l of elution buffer	5
the in vitro transcription	5
of the standard rna	5
used as a template	5
the ssc and lsc	5
a wide variety of	5
of acute lower respiratory	5
differentiation of newcastle disease	5
mean and standard deviation	5
to a final volume	5
for the quantitation of	5
is the most abundant	5
defined as the lowest	5
mia kim et al	5
be used as an	5
analysis of porcine epidemic	5
v l and v	5
assay was carried out	5
that there is no	5
assay for the rapid	5
test was used to	5
chinese academy of agricultural	5
techniques for the detection	5
on the same plate	5
development of a multiplex	5
was assessed using a	5
in clinical samples and	5
a serial dilution of	5
nested pcr assay for	5
the ftdrp rv assay	5
amplification for the detection	5
in a co atmosphere	5
acid sequences of the	5
cycles consisting of denaturation	5
the gold standard sanger	5
on vero and hep	5
on the results of	5
respiratory syncytial virus rna	5
the ns a gene	5
pcr and conventional rt	5
from to copies reaction	5
tgev in porcine iecs	5
added to the reaction	5
the developed sample preparation	5
in vitro transcription of	5
was detected in the	5
was extracted from each	5
the national center for	5
detection of antibodies to	5
assay was compared with	5
specificity of the ic	5
is a highly contagious	5
for min and the	5
ns ag by elisa	5
tof ms and lc	5
time reverse transcription loop	5
a grant from the	5
the variola virus specific	5
in the acute phase	5
for the assay was	5
associated with diarrhea in	5
the presence of pedv	5
the production of a	5
carried out using the	5
a linear relationship between	5
copies in the total	5
van de pol et	5
of tgev in porcine	5
and differentiation of wild	5
of the in vitro	5
de pol et al	5
h y component of	5
used in this assay	5
negative and positive controls	5
the emergence of new	5
is known to be	5
the ministry of agriculture	5
swine influenza virus isolates	5
science and technology of	5
than the corresponding in	5
purified recombinant m protein	5
was combined with l	5
the replication of viruses	5
in the range of	5
linear relationship between the	5
y component of the	5
at each time point	5
of rna extracted from	5
probe were synthesized by	5
amount of viral rna	5
rna copies per reaction	5
the aim of the	5
parts of the world	5
detection of tmev and	5
present study was to	5
shown to be more	5
to be infected with	5
fold dilution series of	5
forward and reverse primer	5
avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis	5
the number of copies	5
for detection of resistance	5
as recommended by the	5
detection of viruses in	5
did not result in	5
were provided by the	5
for the quantification of	5
lamp and the prv	5
tool for the detection	5
free water and stored	5
de arriba et al	5
center for biotechnology information	5
lamp assay can be	5
enzyme is a functional	5
the application of a	5
the cap protein was	5
replicates of each dilution	5
the detection and the	5
of l of the	5
rsv a and rsv	5
and amino acid sequences	5
quantification of mrna using	5
one mismatch per primer	5
more likely to be	5
were used as controls	5
have been used for	5
between the two groups	5
positive and negative samples	5
a single copy of	5
l of rna template	5
peptides derived from nucleoprotein	5
added to a final	5
at the university of	5
the assay could be	5
containing from to copies	5
in vitro model of	5
cells were used as	5
a h n positive	5
of in vitro rna	5
rsv subgroups a and	5
in this study a	5
to a ct value	5
the real time pcr	5
determine the sense and	5
has been reported to	5
in the design of	5
seasonal h n and	5
seeplex tm rv detection	5
that were positive for	5
detection of west nile	5
rna was isolated from	5
was quantified using the	5
dilution were frozen at	5
can be explained by	5
the assay was determined	5
cells were resuspended in	5
time pcr assay was	5
virulent and variant pedv	5
the rsv lna assay	5
primers were designed based	5
and subtyping of influenza	5
at the time of	5
using a panel of	5
of a multiplex real	5
serum samples collected from	5
of human coronaviruses e	5
detection and serotyping of	5
were purified using a	5
of the method was	5
of the five eggs	5
was resuspended in ml	5
and pdm h n	5
subtyping of influenza a	5
the ee index was	5
it was possible to	5
of antibodies against pedv	5
p in tan et	5
universal influenza a and	5
converting enzyme is a	5
for the molecular detection	5
was developed based on	5
were subjected to maldi	5
the standard curve of	5
the novel h n	5
washed once with pbs	5
second round of pcr	5
was cloned into the	5
declare that they have	5
is a functional receptor	5
have been developed to	5
reverse transcription was carried	5
infectious peritonitis virus infection	5
used to amplify the	5
to determine the detection	5
the authors declare that	5
of a variety of	5
expressed in escherichia coli	5
of the taqman rt	5
t easy vector system	5
were included in each	5
cells were inoculated with	5
over a range of	5
a new human coronavirus	5
that there was no	5
each of f and	5
antibodies directed against the	5
cells were harvested and	5
of each dilution were	5
for rsv a and	5
ethics committee of the	5
pcr for rapid detection	5
was selected as a	5
for s and extension	5
pcr and sybr green	5
in addition to the	5
centrifugation at g for	5
the instructions of the	5
rapid and quantitative detection	5
by kim et al	5
admitted to hospital with	5
each dilution were frozen	5
the identification of the	5
n and pdm h	5
with respiratory disease in	5
by cycles of amplification	5
pcr was determined by	5
rna in the faeces	5
lamp primers were designed	5
the reaction mixture was	5
east respiratory syndrome coronavirus	5
as positive and negative	5
transcription recombinase polymerase amplification	5
the conserved region of	5
the clinical signs method	5
the analytical sensitivity of	5
were shown to be	5
gold standard sanger sequencing	5
the sephadex tm g	5
viral copies per reaction	5
cells were transfected with	5
commercial h n rrt	5
gene of canine coronavirus	5
primers and probes are	5
for early diagnosis of	5
the detection of viral	5
middle east respiratory syndrome	5
was detected for the	5
carried out using a	5
of the amplified product	5
pcr method for the	5
of the ha gene	5
rapid detection of severe	5
no effect on the	5
tm large scale rna	5
from dogs suspected to	5
the pcr product was	5
identification of a new	5
to determine the sense	5
to confirm the specificity	5
for up to h	5
by sybr green real	5
were electrophoresed on a	5
for tsv and yhv	5
were positive for h	5
nasal aspirates from children	5
mm of each dntp	5
of the duplex rrt	5
days after the onset	5
was calculated by the	5
virus a and b	5
l of rna extract	5
is defined as the	5
using the qiaquick gel	5
as the gold standard	5
collected from patients with	5
detected by the multiplex	5
of large amounts of	5
sirna scr env co	5
a ml reaction volume	5
dilutions of the in	5
of dengue virus serotypes	5
tested in this study	5
for the differentiation of	5
human coronaviruses e and	5
of a reverse transcription	5
and the cdc real	5
multiplex real time pcr	5
was performed on l	5
table comparison of the	5
the detection of feline	5
positive for tmev and	5
was added and the	5
more closely related to	5
in faecal samples of	5
time quantitative reverse transcription	5
real time pcr assay	5
times with pbs containing	5
in the respiratory tract	5
supported by the national	5
pet b expression vector	4
animal health research institute	4
coefficient of linear regression	4
associated with respiratory disease	4
set of four primers	4
fecal samples that had	4
live and frozen shrimp	4
pcr was performed on	4
north american swine influenza	4
at room temperature and	4
was found in the	4
product was purified using	4
and the results were	4
the ftdrp assay was	4
were negative by the	4
that were positive by	4
the quantitation of the	4
amino acid change from	4
a new method for	4
highly specific for the	4
of viruses in the	4
in this study the	4
individual ee index of	4
pure rna tissue kit	4
the molecular biology of	4
detectable for at least	4
on an applied biosystems	4
of the viral stock	4
by a denaturation step	4
is important to note	4
the risk of cross	4
reverse transcriptase inactivation and	4
both epithelial and fibroblast	4
the expression of a	4
in ml of viral	4
optimised concentration of m	4
aliquots were stored at	4
number of cells in	4
sybr green i dye	4
the presence or absence	4
was performed in the	4
fold serial dilutions were	4
tested positive only by	4
american swine influenza virus	4
end of the cap	4
common mutations associated with	4
the first time in	4
the results demonstrated that	4
added to the lysis	4
useful tool for the	4
nasal aspirates of children	4
itaq dna polymerase at	4
and quantitation of bovine	4
of the regression curve	4
bovine respiratory disease complex	4
for at least six	4
sensitive detection of canine	4
from each of the	4
which is able to	4
by cell culture and	4
is shown in table	4
end of the genome	4
vector and transformed into	4
by multiplex reverse transcription	4
incubation at room temperature	4
acute respiratory syndrome in	4
the detection and identification	4
lowest individual ee index	4
of itaq dna polymerase	4
is a rapid and	4
three sets of primers	4
de jong et al	4
pcr phase of the	4
at different time points	4
for the treatment of	4
a single tube rt	4
primers at an optimised	4
and probes for the	4
universal pcr master mix	4
hospitalized with acute respiratory	4
the cells were incubated	4
using a dual priming	4
reverse genetics system for	4
of respiratory rna viruses	4
controls were included in	4
assay was confirmed by	4
strains of newcastle disease	4
agarose gel and visualized	4
blot assay for detection	4
derived from magnesium pyrophosphate	4
a positive test result	4
was assessed using the	4
were used as negative	4
influenza and newcastle disease	4
had no effect on	4
calf diarrhea and winter	4
and identification of respiratory	4
there is a need	4
sensitive enough to detect	4
acid was extracted from	4
the bioedit software package	4
be used to monitor	4
both tmev and rtv	4
the upper respiratory tract	4
analyzed by flow cytometry	4
time pcr assay to	4
by three cycles of	4
replication and apoptosis induction	4
innate and adaptive immune	4
and the supernatants were	4
percentage of positive samples	4
according to the cut	4
followed by a denaturation	4
an aliquot of each	4
rna was stored at	4
of sars coronavirus isolates	4
nonfat milk in pbs	4
of bovine torovirus in	4
novel tool for the	4
mesenteric lymph nodes of	4
used as template for	4
the upper and lower	4
of the tested influenza	4
in the n gene	4
comparison of the sensitivity	4
a western blot assay	4
was used to design	4
of science and technology	4
by notomi et al	4
polymerase activation followed by	4
the ministry of science	4
samples were taken from	4
mean and multiplying that	4
economic losses in the	4
of the membrane protein	4
dilutions of in vitro	4
lymph node cells from	4
in the early phase	4
by small interfering rnas	4
amplification reaction was performed	4
associated with putative origins	4
was used to evaluate	4
transported to the cell	4
four major structural proteins	4
the n gene and	4
was used to assess	4
as a reference sequence	4
treated with dnase i	4
determined to be positive	4
stage of the disease	4
the development of an	4
its mean and multiplying	4
mm of each deoxynucleotide	4
systematic review and meta	4
outbreak of severe acute	4
pcr assay was developed	4
series of a brsv	4
mean fluorescence intensity of	4
mixed samples of influenza	4
found to be highly	4
influenza a and h	4
of the nested pcr	4
house and ftdrp assays	4
were positive for tmev	4
terminated by heating at	4
the sequence in the	4
to detect antibodies against	4
western blot assay for	4
comparable to those of	4
thermal profile was used	4
associated with more severe	4
to the fact that	4
than viral culture and	4
from mesenteric lymph nodes	4
of the pcr test	4
is in agreement with	4
to porcine circovirus type	4
the mlpa and the	4
of the corresponding virus	4
to equine arteritis virus	4
amplification assay for detection	4
virus of penaeus monodon	4
with guinea pig anti	4
porcine intestinal epithelial cells	4
used the primers at	4
in the same reaction	4
primer and probe binding	4
of a protein with	4
detection of the c	4
that were negative by	4
this work was funded	4
between feline coronavirus type	4
the faecal samples of	4
the e subunit group	4
that can be used	4
viruses were detected in	4
real time pcr tests	4
these results indicate the	4
acute respiratory infection in	4
of the sensitivity of	4
the n protein is	4
of viral sequences in	4
for the reported sample	4
and dna polymerase activation	4
seeplex rv detection kit	4
an abi prism sds	4
influenza a viruses from	4
vero e cell layers	4
positive and negative sense	4
reaction for the detection	4
as the positive control	4
a standard deviation of	4
and the role of	4
the hospital for tropical	4
inoculated with the attenuated	4
patients were positive for	4
to detect and identify	4
originate from a double	4
of the st century	4
may be useful for	4
ct value of approximately	4
were designed to be	4
used as the template	4
each l reaction contained	4
at the endpoint of	4
no conflict of interest	4
the viral copy logarithm	4
resuspended in l of	4
degree of sensitivity and	4
present in a sample	4
a rapid and cost	4
for simultaneous detection and	4
disease virus rna in	4
acid changes in the	4
h avian influenza virus	4
and incubated overnight at	4
results demonstrated that the	4
the agreement beyond chance	4
not detect any of	4
water to a final	4
h n and a	4
of the genotype isolates	4
reaction by turbidity derived	4
f and n mu	4
strains of influenza a	4
melting points of the	4
this study could be	4
variation of the sequence	4
institutional animal care and	4
the ns serotype specific	4
laborious and time consuming	4
transfected hek t cells	4
infectious bronchitis virus vaccine	4
cells were incubated for	4
ml for rsv b	4
the published sequence of	4
the detection of nv	4
by the clinical signs	4
quantitative detection of the	4
assay can be applied	4
pcr assay can be	4
contact times of min	4
a double recombination between	4
patients suspected clinically of	4
genome sequence analysis of	4
gut associated lymphoid tissues	4
transcription and protein synthesis	4
at least two of	4
membrane was incubated for	4
ethidium bromide staining and	4
immunization of mice with	4
c for s with	4
method of estimating fifty	4
china national health commission	4
in triplicate on three	4
of the f gene	4
for the generation of	4
c for min for	4
by the virus neutralisation	4
there was no cross	4
of the university of	4
that the detection limit	4
stranded positive sense rna	4
specificity of the h	4
for influenza a virus	4
simple method of estimating	4
and transfected with pegfp	4
is dependent on the	4
canine coronavirus type i	4
the reaction was stopped	4
l of each primer	4
is likely that the	4
is likely to be	4
the v l and	4
sequencing of the amplicons	4
by the conventional methods	4
transcriptase inactivation and dna	4
was chosen as the	4
designed by targeting the	4
has been identified as	4
s protein of pedv	4
lamp assay was developed	4
the entire quantitation range	4
identification of the virus	4
for the isolation and	4
the number of rsv	4
indagine sulla presenza del	4
the ccov fluorogenic rt	4
the expression of recombinant	4
c and used only	4
included as negative controls	4
nucleic acid was extracted	4
pcr analysis of the	4
and viral genomic sequences	4
of pedv in the	4
the multiplex assay was	4
frequent detection of human	4
after initial denaturation for	4
in the lamp assay	4
and its application to	4
of japanese encephalitis virus	4
on the sequence alignment	4
that of nested rt	4
detection of enteroviruses in	4
the design of the	4
the titer of the	4
were consistent with those	4
high pure rna tissue	4
e and oc by	4
a method for the	4
at the apical surface	4
currently circulating in the	4
for any of the	4
the faeces of dogs	4
for denv and denv	4
resistant pandemic influenza a	4
reverse transcription and amplification	4
for rapid and real	4
sequencing was performed by	4
accuracy of the alignment	4
was designed to target	4
have shown that the	4
of the multiplex assay	4
wide dynamic range of	4
have been found to	4
was harvested by centrifugation	4
in children with acute	4
sephadex tm columns and	4
indicating that the assay	4
the endpoint of detection	4
was tested in triplicate	4
of false negative results	4
rna per reaction for	4
and influenza a h	4
were considered positive for	4
have no conflicts of	4
were performed using a	4
concentration of m and	4
using a series of	4
the percentage of positive	4
and nested pcr assay	4
in the sera of	4
to be associated with	4
calculated by dividing the	4
from a number of	4
suspended in l of	4
pcr assay using a	4
was extracted using trizol	4
and a h n	4
and the results are	4
the coefficient of determination	4
samples of influenza a	4
limit of the rt	4
proteins vp and vp	4
were done using the	4
denv ns serotype specific	4
the standard curve for	4
was performed on the	4
from each sample was	4
differentiation of dengue virus	4
of hog cholera virus	4
inactivation and dna polymerase	4
when a minimum of	4
development of a quantitative	4
activation followed by amplification	4
a h n viruses	4
presence or absence of	4
m s fl dna	4
were washed with pbs	4
and cycles consisting of	4
was detected by using	4
the taqman real time	4
are summarized in table	4
turbidity derived from magnesium	4
of fip and bip	4
detection of the assay	4
respiratory viruses in children	4
as determined by the	4
coronavirus type ii strains	4
sensitive than viral culture	4
the ns gene of	4
reaction was performed at	4
have been developed and	4
sars coronavirus isolates and	4
be the most sensitive	4
h of storage for	4
the reciprocal of the	4
in agreement with the	4
of the coronaviridae family	4
supernatant was collected and	4
for influenza a viruses	4
the ethics committee of	4
deposited in the genbank	4
the extracted rna was	4
of respiratory viruses were	4
with respiratory tract infections	4
used to design the	4
mismatches per primer or	4
developed to detect and	4
of primers and probe	4
of the recombinant rna	4
c t value for	4
negative by both tests	4
an appropriate volume of	4
newcastle disease virus by	4
and none of the	4
designed using the primer	4
was assessed by running	4
performance of the assay	4
of the porcine epidemic	4
three of the five	4
transcription for min at	4
in nasal aspirates of	4
replication of viruses from	4
would be expected to	4
amplification products were detected	4
was performed on a	4
qpcr c t values	4
for the purposes of	4
was a significant difference	4
the institutional animal care	4
the lyssa irus genus	4
a total of faecal	4
was then added to	4
diagnosis of respiratory viruses	4
in order to compare	4
of an influenza a	4
samples found to be	4
cov infected vero cells	4
any of the samples	4
clinical sign determination method	4
end point detection limit	4
of the h n	4
the amplification refractory mutation	4
and pandemic h n	4
rna was isolated using	4
of sars cov infection	4
one of the two	4
and n mu r	4
pcr amplification was carried	4
l of the rna	4
wide range of respiratory	4
probes used in this	4
influenza a virus with	4
play a role in	4
of canine parvovirus in	4
chain reaction assays for	4
a single cycle of	4
ee index of the	4
of antibodies to porcine	4
the nucleotide sequences of	4
dna polymerase activation followed	4
using the primer explorer	4
simultaneous detection of influenza	4
these assays have been	4
cells as well as	4
value of the standard	4
bovine virus diarrhoea virus	4
of polymerase chain reaction	4
and west nile virus	4
were tested by rt	4
dna was carried out	4
of sybr green i	4
and ct values between	4
of total rna and	4
human peripheral blood mononuclear	4
tests for detection of	4
detection limit for the	4
of the ftdrp assay	4
sequenced to confirm the	4
hybridoma culture supernatants were	4
detection rate of real	4
and centrifuged for min	4
parental cell line and	4
concentration was determined by	4
targeting the n gene	4
were identical to the	4
able to detect all	4
than that of conventional	4
the analytic sensitivity of	4
research institute for epidemiology	4
at the end and	4
by amplification cycles of	4
during the acute phase	4
no false positive results	4
did not change significantly	4
for ns ag by	4
acute lower respiratory infections	4
seasonal and pandemic h	4
was comparable to that	4
pcr assay and the	4
the primers at an	4
the annotations in the	4
the pcr phase of	4
copy numbers of the	4
with the following cycling	4
of an internal control	4
reverse transcription for min	4
by its mean and	4
equine and avian influenza	4
the number of genomes	4
have been used to	4
was used to compare	4
and evaluation of reverse	4
positive according to the	4
been used for the	4
were designed from the	4
of the fusion protein	4
nm in diameter and	4
universal influenza a h	4
for influenza a and	4
the set a boars	4
assay was highly specific	4
of three multiplex rt	4
the lamp method is	4
the ee ratio of	4
and cost effective method	4
order to determine the	4
antigen was detected in	4
specificity of the test	4
detection of dengue virus	4
rsv infection of polarized	4
with avian influenza a	4
in the golgi apparatus	4
and the standard deviation	4
mixture contained l of	4
of samples were positive	4
unclassified bovine enteric calicivirus	4
than that of nested	4
a bp fragment was	4
the viral life cycle	4
sensitivity of the detection	4
of bst dna polymerase	4
the positive rate of	4
was performed with a	4
and the presence of	4
t values obtained for	4
in this study may	4
and quantitation of fcov	4
hcov oc and e	4
culture and immunofluorescence techniques	4
and comparison with the	4
high degree of sensitivity	4
and porcine epidemic diarrhea	4
single cycle of reverse	4
with a kappa statistic	4
for detection of pedv	4
were determined as described	4
samples in this study	4
reverse transcription nested pcr	4
be used for detection	4
african green monkey kidney	4
in peripheral blood mononuclear	4
mrna was detected in	4
diagnosis of ccov infection	4
validation of pcr tests	4
in children and adults	4
the detection of infectious	4
single round infection system	4
results indicated that the	4
a c t value	4
with a ct value	4
total of faecal samples	4
with the prv ge	4
norovirus in fecal specimens	4
avian influenza and newcastle	4
gene of influenza a	4
and reliable method for	4
of antibodies against coronavirus	4
with putative origins of	4
the early stage of	4
primers used for conventional	4
is supported by the	4
of amv reverse transcriptase	4
rna virus belonging to	4
and used as a	4
pediatric intensive care unit	4
activation of itaq dna	4
in silico sensitivity of	4
assay variability was assessed	4
clarified by centrifugation at	4
to the swine industry	4
the dissociation curve of	4
the realart hpa coronavirus	4
to be used as	4
were consistent with the	4
of scov m gene	4
using the primer express	4
of rnase free water	4
against coronavirus causing severe	4
the conserved regions of	4
weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome	4
more sensitive and specific	4
be used for the	4
harbin veterinary research institute	4
the detection of samples	4
using the bioedit software	4
indirect elisa based on	4
described in the present	4
freely available software programs	4
was tested in duplicate	4
with acute lower respiratory	4
diagnostic performance of the	4
the total antibody assay	4
at an optimised concentration	4
the amplified product was	4
ii rna in faecal	4
the presence of specific	4
disease of the felidae	4
sars coronavirus infection by	4
rna was resuspended in	4
rapid detection of west	4
step cycling procedure of	4
for detection of bovine	4
of the ns serotype	4
rapid detection and identification	4
were used as a	4
pair ccov a ccov	4
for btov and ptov	4
the case of a	4
method could be used	4
of the plasmid dna	4
of mrna using real	4
it appears that the	4
was generated using the	4
a valuable tool for	4
nucleic acids extracted from	4
negative sense viral rna	4
ml for rsv a	4
of the recombinant plasmid	4
human telomerase reverse transcriptase	4
of canine parvovirus dna	4
the analytical specificity of	4
sequence analysis of sars	4
on the s protein	4
followed by min at	4
the detection of btov	4
describes the development and	4
similar to that observed	4
the diagnosis of ccov	4
house sephadex tm g	4
calculated according to the	4
from naturally infected dogs	4
well tissue culture plates	4
a review of the	4
birds in the flock	4
were observed daily for	4
patients with respiratory tract	4
were performed with the	4
samples were tested for	4
from the end of	4
for reverse transcriptase inactivation	4
was used at a	4
lamp assay for detection	4
samples tested positive for	4
as the negative control	4
on arv replication and	4
pigs inoculated with the	4
feline coronavirus infections in	4
gene for assays using	4
streamline a routine diagnostic	4