Distant Reader - subject-catholics-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 65 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,253,561 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 19,285 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 86. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

haue, may, will, one, yet, first, man, now, god, shall, also, king, pope, doth, though, say, church, many, much, vpon, de, great, men, saith, made, must, see, good, vnto, make, vs, religion, might, two, without, true, cap, time, english, england, owne, like, doe, morton, himselfe, place, text, oath, let, pag

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A quiet and sober reckoning vvith M. Thomas Morton somewhat set in choler by his aduersary P.R. concerning certaine imputations of wilfull falsities obiected to the said T.M. in a treatise of P.R. intituled Of mitigation, some part wherof he hath lately attempted to answere in a large preamble to a more ample reioynder promised by him. But heere in the meane space the said imputations are iustified, and confirmed, & with much increase of new vntruthes on his part returned vpon him againe: so as finally the reconing being made, the verdict of the Angell, interpreted by Daniel, is verified of him. There is also adioyned a peece of a reckoning with Syr Edward Cooke, now L. Chief Iustice of the Co[m]mon Pleas, about a nihil dicit, & some other points vttered by him in two late preambles, to his sixt and seauenth partes of Reports., A treatise tending to mitigation tovvardes Catholike-subiectes in England VVherin is declared, that it is not impossible for subiects of different religion, (especially Catholikes and Protestantes) to liue togeather in dutifull obedience and subiection, vnder the gouernment of his Maiesty of Great Britany. Against the seditions wrytings of Thomas Morton minister, & some others to the contrary. Whose two false and slaunderous groundes, pretended to be dravvne from Catholike doctrine & practice, concerning rebellion and equiuocation, are ouerthrowne, and cast vpon himselfe. Dedicated to the learned schoole-deuines, cyuill and canon lavvyers of the tvvo vniuersities of England. By P.R., and Pseudo-martyr Wherein out of certaine propositions and gradations, this conclusion is euicted. That those which are of the Romane religion in this kingdome, may and ought to take the Oath of allegiance..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

set downe, let vs, early english, english books, books online, haue heard, haue beene, moderate answerer, haue byn, syr edward, thomas morton, might haue, creation partnership, text creation, page images, irish papists, like manner, man may, must needs, cardinall bellarmine, early works, sir william, hundred yeares, yow see, ancient fathers, yow haue, pope gregory, may see, euery one, haue bene, image sets, represented either, tcp schema, characters represented, much lesse, set forth, haue done, mentall reseruation, holy ghost, vs see, king henry, euery man, learned men, roman church, old testament, queen elizabeth, without asking, proquest page, providing financial, batch review

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A proclamation for seising the horses and arms of Papists, and persons above the degree of commons, not qualified according to the Act of Parliament. A proclamation, by the King and Queens Majesties. ... Whereas there have been several treasonable, and seditious designs and combinations, set on foot of late, in both our kingdoms, by persons enemies to the Protestant religion, and ill affected to our government ..., and By the King. A proclamation commanding all persons being popish recusants, or so reputed, to depart from the cities of London and Westminster, and all other places within ten miles of the same..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, king, church, pope, god, england, religion, english, lord, protestants, majesty, prince, christian, princes, priest, parliament, oath, london, kingdome, ireland, emperour, treatise, queen, priests, papists, minister, majesties, father, christ, cardinall, canon, bishops, subiects, sir, sea, scripture, romish, roman, reply, rebellion, reader, queene, lawes, law, kingdom, irish, fathers, early, councell, catholicks

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be haue, and Pseudo-martyr Wherein out of certaine propositions and gradations, this conclusion is euicted. That those which are of the Romane religion in this kingdome, may and ought to take the Oath of allegiance. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

man, men, time, place, cap, words, matter, others, thing, doth, part, truth, power, text, religion, reason, wordes, hath, cause, nothing, people, doctrine, kings, law, case, things, sense, faith, booke, example, name, opinion, way, owne, authority, p., life, day, selfe, manner, himselfe, death, end, purpose, conscience, reader, ad, word, point, fathers

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, were, had, have, did, said, do, say, being, made, make, see, haue, let, been, know, take, set, done, according, taken, found, called, vnto, come, am, thought, hath, concerning, put, thinke, heard, doe, came, saying, call, brought, sent, vpon, read, learned, neuer, doth, bound, hold, saith, lying

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, m., 〉, haue, ◊, c., pope, ●, 〈, church, king, s., hath, de, england, morton, christ, pag, english, protestants, popes, princes, l., lord, p., doe, r., rome, tcp, lib, prince, oath, sir, bellarmine, catholicke, protestant, owne, equiuocation, papists, est, religion, father, n., minister, downe, t., majesty, parliament, thomas, bishop

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, he, it, i, they, their, him, you, them, our, we, your, my, her, me, us, himself, she, themselves, thy, yow, thee, ours, theirs, its, one, vp, yours, mine, yt, vnto, ye, ''s, vviat, u, elias, whereof, vvith, itself, hers, hee, ●, vvhat, ob, herself, ay, ''em, yf, yee, vs

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, same, such, many, great, first, true, more, good, much, false, saith, second, whole, last, former, common, new, own, most, lawfull, haue, like, third, ancient, little, least, old, late, english, greater, better, contrary, full, next, early, able, very, present, doth, few, due, christian, large, holy, high, himselfe, different, romish, fourth

not, so, then, now, also, only, more, yet, as, thus, most, therefore, out, much, first, very, well, rather, onely, here, there, before, all, in, never, forth, at, thereof, especially, indeed, vs, further, otherwise, ever, heere, truly, even, away, no, up, consequently, too, often, still, vpon, secondly, far, that, presently, is

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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