bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
amino acid	3195
amino acids	2413
respiratory syndrome	1510
infected cells	1333
acute respiratory	1296
gene expression	1242
cell lines	1241
severe acute	1216
immune response	1213
spike protein	1197
mass spectrometry	1169
cell surface	1073
plasma membrane	1049
viral proteins	1041
host cell	981
endoplasmic reticulum	952
protein interactions	949
syndrome coronavirus	896
cell line	862
binding protein	854
membrane proteins	852
virus infection	824
viral replication	810
membrane protein	791
cell death	786
binding site	755
immune responses	737
class i	732
protein expression	726
viral rna	710
type i	703
influenza virus	692
protein synthesis	691
escherichia coli	679
virus replication	667
nucleocapsid protein	662
immune system	652
present study	641
important role	640
structural proteins	637
cancer cells	633
western blot	630
protein interaction	629
secondary structure	626
rna viruses	626
binding sites	620
fusion protein	611
cell culture	608
cell cycle	604
membrane fusion	602
sars coronavirus	601
extracellular vesicles	595
molecular dynamics	589
protein structure	587
growth factor	578
oxidative stress	568
summary conclusion	561
acid residues	557
virus type	556
breast cancer	545
crystal structure	543
innate immune	542
doc id	541
cord uid	541
molecular weight	533
protein kinase	525
electron microscopy	519
viral infection	518
flow cytometry	500
epithelial cells	496
binding domain	495
binding proteins	491
host cells	488
fusion proteins	488
host proteins	485
mammalian cells	485
rna polymerase	477
wild type	477
herpes simplex	471
immunodeficiency virus	469
heat shock	469
transcription factor	463
nervous system	460
class ii	459
active site	454
simplex virus	446
drug discovery	443
protein sequences	443
recombinant proteins	434
recombinant protein	432
viral protein	431
protein folding	430
monoclonal antibodies	429
cell types	428
human immunodeficiency	428
stem cells	426
cell proliferation	425
acid sequence	424
novel coronavirus	423
ms ms	421
results suggest	420
vaccinia virus	415
mg kg	413
nucleic acid	406
conformational changes	396
envelope protein	392
terminal domain	392
highly conserved	389
protein complexes	389
molecular mechanisms	384
may also	382
performed using	380
protein sequence	378
two different	377
capsid protein	377
endothelial cells	376
signal transduction	374
transcription factors	374
disease virus	370
dengue virus	364
expression levels	364
target protein	362
binding affinity	360
mg ml	358
cell membrane	357
dependent manner	352
spike glycoprotein	349
mhc class	349
wide range	349
golgi apparatus	348
rna synthesis	347
drug delivery	347
open reading	344
stranded rna	341
small molecules	341
human proteins	339
proteomic analysis	338
dendritic cells	338
secretory pathway	337
intrinsically disordered	336
protein structures	336
virus entry	333
mosaic virus	333
dna damage	333
differentially expressed	333
life cycle	332
lipid bilayer	332
like particles	331
cancer cell	330
clinical trials	327
signaling pathways	322
coronavirus spike	321
sialic acid	320
viral genome	320
cellular proteins	319
proteins involved	319
gel electrophoresis	319
room temperature	319
free energy	315
western blotting	314
monoclonal antibody	313
innate immunity	312
control group	312
bone marrow	311
acid composition	310
transmembrane domain	310
results indicate	309
widely used	308
receptor binding	306
infectious bronchitis	305
structural protein	304
translation initiation	302
previous studies	302
phage display	301
ion channel	301
central nervous	299
tumor cells	294
cell epitopes	293
cell growth	293
large number	291
biological activity	291
nucleic acids	289
er stress	289
hepatitis virus	288
results showed	287
protease inhibitors	285
also known	284
signaling pathway	283
reading frame	282
protein production	279
vaccine development	278
bronchitis virus	278
target proteins	278
protein binding	276
results show	274
protein complex	273
molecular biology	273
intrinsic disorder	272
small molecule	272
closely related	271
drug design	271
high affinity	271
prostate cancer	271
signal peptide	270
type ii	269
hela cells	268
commonly used	268
spinal cord	267
data suggest	267
high levels	267
porcine epidemic	266
host factors	266
cellular processes	266
taken together	265
viral infections	265
cells expressing	264
host protein	262
quality control	262
middle east	260
subcellular localization	260
blot analysis	259
cleavage site	258
stem cell	257
acid sequences	257
nmr spectroscopy	255
cells infected	254
terminal region	252
ion channels	252
recent studies	251
expression system	250
ng ml	250
shock protein	250
strand rna	249
infectious diseases	249
neutralizing antibodies	248
mouse hepatitis	248
previously described	248
rna binding	247
rna replication	247
disulfide bonds	247
converting enzyme	246
also found	245
saccharomyces cerevisiae	244
key role	244
epidemic diarrhea	242
east respiratory	242
transgenic mice	242
ligand binding	241
significantly higher	240
protein microarrays	240
rna virus	240
fatty acids	238
human coronavirus	238
target cells	237
reactive oxygen	237
viral entry	236
protein function	236
two proteins	236
mouse model	236
first time	236
dynamics simulations	235
cell entry	234
fatty acid	233
virtual screening	233
different types	233
living cells	232
like protein	231
sequence analysis	231
nucleotide sequence	231
spike proteins	231
lung cancer	231
liquid chromatography	231
outer membrane	231
associated protein	231
protein levels	230
diarrhea virus	230
cell adhesion	229
antigen presentation	229
vesicular stomatitis	228
glutamic acid	227
side chains	227
specific antibodies	226
proteins may	226
respiratory syncytial	226
sequence similarity	225
mm tris	224
oxygen species	223
fluorescent protein	223
virus particles	222
peripheral blood	222
side chain	222
golgi complex	222
cytoplasmic domain	220
cell viability	220
syncytial virus	219
host immune	219
structural basis	218
human protein	217
core protein	217
enveloped viruses	217
viral envelope	215
cell responses	215
analysis revealed	214
viral particles	214
dna replication	212
human cells	212
signal sequence	211
expression level	211
ns protein	211
side effects	211
sequence alignment	210
animal models	209
human cytomegalovirus	209
stress response	209
cell type	208
orf protein	208
nonstructural protein	208
coronavirus nucleocapsid	208
crucial role	208
mrna expression	207
stomatitis virus	207
cell cultures	207
gene products	206
cancer patients	206
fever virus	205
three different	205
drug development	205
serine protease	204
extracellular matrix	203
recent years	203
er membrane	202
kda protein	202
disordered proteins	201
structure prediction	200
solid phase	200
serum albumin	199
nuclear export	198
initiation factor	198
deficient mice	198
ebola virus	198
force field	197
high throughput	197
cell activation	196
fusion peptide	195
molecular docking	195
results obtained	194
lipid bilayers	194
also observed	194
serum samples	194
tof ms	193
translational modifications	193
genomic rna	193
antimicrobial peptides	192
significantly increased	191
ubiquitin ligase	191
reading frames	191
drug targets	191
capsid proteins	190
immune cells	190
human sars	190
inflammatory response	189
cell receptor	189
neurodegenerative diseases	188
barr virus	188
first step	188
conformational change	188
negatively charged	188
expression vector	188
like receptor	187
associated proteins	187
integral membrane	187
experimental data	187
dna binding	187
surfactant protein	187
critical role	186
culture medium	185
envelope proteins	185
biological processes	185
may play	185
channel activity	185
even though	185
gene therapy	184
may contribute	183
blood samples	182
three times	182
significantly reduced	181
eukaryotic cells	181
sars cov	181
mouth disease	181
cd cd	180
commercially available	180
viral dna	180
cytoplasmic tail	179
takes place	179
tandem mass	178
smooth muscle	178
expression systems	178
insect cells	178
positively charged	178
nuclear localization	177
activated protein	176
like protease	175
biologically active	175
least one	175
enzyme activity	174
multiple sclerosis	174
envelope glycoprotein	174
two distinct	174
cell lysates	173
enzymatic activity	173
cysteine residues	172
better understanding	172
affinity chromatography	172
molecular mass	172
ray crystallography	172
protein vi	171
sequence identity	171
nitric oxide	171
cell fusion	171
significant differences	171
peptide synthesis	171
factor receptor	170
crystal structures	170
dna polymerase	170
significant difference	170
virus rna	170
skeletal muscle	169
high level	168
tyrosine kinase	168
semliki forest	168
antiviral activity	168
determined using	168
statistically significant	168
hydrogen bonds	168
protein degradation	168
coat protein	168
bovine serum	167
antibody response	167
tertiary structure	167
healthy controls	167
expressed proteins	166
protein data	166
dependent rna	166
may provide	166
matrix protein	165
disulfide bond	165
determine whether	165
protein identification	165
protease inhibitor	165
circular dichroism	165
transmissible gastroenteritis	165
human plasma	165
well known	164
data bank	164
kcal mol	164
complex formation	163
type iii	163
structural information	162
forest virus	162
reverse transcriptase	162
significant increase	162
molecular mechanism	161
exclusion chromatography	161
vaccine candidates	161
interaction networks	160
supplementary table	160
cell survival	160
protein may	159
time points	159
hepatocellular carcinoma	159
confocal microscopy	159
tumor suppressor	159
cell biology	159
gene product	159
vaccine construct	159
total protein	159
molecular basis	158
secretory proteins	158
human diseases	158
web server	158
recent study	157
necrosis factor	157
human serum	157
dna sequences	157
surface expression	157
dna viruses	157
magnetic resonance	156
derived evs	156
epidermal growth	156
related protein	156
nonstructural proteins	155
induced apoptosis	155
transfected cells	155
unfolded protein	155
hek cells	155
united states	154
transmission electron	154
analysis showed	154
cell wall	154
i interferon	153
cells using	153
antiviral response	153
protein families	153
nuclear import	153
coronavirus disease	153
zika virus	152
gene encoding	152
viral membrane	152
full length	152
affi nity	151
present work	151
synthetic peptides	151
autoimmune diseases	150
rss gfp	150
poorly understood	150
adaptive immune	150
also used	150
genome sequence	150
mm nacl	150
shock proteins	150
cell membranes	150
inflammatory cytokines	150
studies showed	150
data indicate	150
proteins identified	149
biological functions	149
ex vivo	149
membrane vesicles	149
functional analysis	148
structural analysis	148
protein concentration	148
van der	148
inhibitory activity	148
protein microarray	148
human papillomavirus	148
light scattering	148
mammalian cell	148
essential role	148
results demonstrate	147
sars patients	147
transmembrane protein	147
accessory proteins	147
nanoparticle tracking	146
related proteins	146
physicochemical properties	146
based vaccines	146
tracking analysis	145
molecular interactions	145
plasmid dna	145
transgenic plants	145
different cell	145
virus assembly	145
protein spots	145
real time	144
antibody responses	144
electrostatic interactions	144
protein family	144
tumor cell	144
binding pocket	144
aug codon	144
structural features	143
golgi network	143
reverse transcription	143
family members	142
viral mrnas	142
negative control	142
described previously	141
muscle cells	141
different proteins	141
cleavage sites	141
ge healthcare	141
proteins using	141
time pcr	141
antimicrobial activity	140
blood pressure	140
vero cells	140
central role	140
dimensional structure	140
previously reported	140
directed mutagenesis	140
protein level	140
nuclear pore	139
ms analysis	139
may lead	139
pdb id	139
human genome	139
schwann cells	139
inhibitory effect	139
binding domains	138
body weight	138
growth factors	138
fluorescence microscopy	138
transmembrane proteins	137
interaction network	137
model system	137
analysis using	137
based drug	137
size exclusion	137
cov infection	136
rheumatoid arthritis	136
protein response	136
important roles	136
rna genome	136
high resolution	136
subunit vaccine	136
authors declare	136
coronavirus replication	135
substrate specificity	135
newly synthesized	135
multiple sequence	135
like receptors	134
graphical representation	134
potential therapeutic	134
recent advances	134
new insights	134
tumor necrosis	134
least two	134
light chain	134
glial cells	134
dna repair	133
naturally occurring	133
delivery systems	133
nucleolar localization	133
gene transfer	133
lipid rafts	133
analyzed using	133
structural studies	133
data show	132
single molecule	132
public health	132
data analysis	132
surface proteins	132
human proteome	132
genes encoding	132
heart failure	132
i ifn	131
fold increase	131
clinical trial	131
two groups	131
host interactions	131
mrna levels	131
current study	131
containing proteins	131
building blocks	130
murine coronavirus	130
gene delivery	130
heavy chain	130
gene ontology	130
ribosomal proteins	130
major role	130
using different	130
i mhc	130
goat anti	130
nsp protein	129
structural changes	129
leukemia virus	129
cell signaling	129
replication complex	129
infected cell	128
plasma samples	128
cholera toxin	128
target cell	128
cultured cells	127
dna sequence	127
based methods	127
signalling pathways	127
bat cov	127
low molecular	127
rabies virus	127
machine learning	126
early stage	126
heparan sulfate	126
vaccine design	126
findings suggest	126
proteolytic cleavage	126
stranded dna	126
cell migration	126
fold higher	126
statistical analysis	126
green fluorescent	125
chaperone activity	125
mitochondrial membrane	125
synthetic peptide	125
cytokine production	125
glycosylation sites	124
protein aggregates	124
protein expressed	124
west nile	124
filamentous phage	124
disordered regions	124
major histocompatibility	124
take place	124
respiratory tract	124
measles virus	123
cell division	123
protective immunity	123
type diabetes	123
primary structure	123
cellular functions	123
rna interference	123
cellular protein	123
throughput screening	123
virus envelope	123
catalytic activity	122
significantly lower	122
coupled receptors	122
replication cycle	122
binding activity	121
early stages	121
pseudo amino	121
energy transfer	121
brain barrier	121
like proteins	121
molecular level	121
specific protein	121
coronavirus envelope	121
total number	121
transient expression	121
drug resistance	121
rna chaperone	121
specific binding	121
ovarian cancer	121
sequence homology	121
large scale	120
surface protein	120
translational modification	120
coronavirus infection	120
phylogenetic analysis	120
associated coronavirus	120
staphylococcus aureus	120
physiological conditions	120
blood cells	120
potential role	119
secondary structures	119
molecular modeling	119
cho cells	119
virus ns	119
high degree	119
protein domains	118
wide variety	118
membrane potential	118
acute phase	118
water molecules	118
protein stability	118
increased expression	118
two types	118
cov nsp	118
binding properties	118
secretory granules	118
polyacrylamide gel	118
several studies	118
md simulations	117
yeast two	117
genome replication	117
low ph	117
previous study	117
cells treated	117
cell response	117
previously shown	117
therapeutic target	117
interacting proteins	116
viral gene	116
genomic dna	116
viral fusion	116
highly expressed	116
cell epitope	116
mesenchymal stem	116
nuclear magnetic	116
proteolytic processing	116
growth hormone	116
virus proteins	116
identified proteins	116
atpase activity	115
whole blood	115
may serve	115
bond formation	115
charged residues	115
disease progression	115
binding motif	114
virus genome	114
differential expression	114
quantitative analysis	114
specific proteins	114
surface area	114
human ace	114
protein kinases	114
free protein	114
peptide sequences	114
encephalitis virus	113
risk factors	113
transmembrane domains	113
vaccine candidate	113
ftir spectroscopy	113
regulated proteins	113
lipid membranes	113
immune evasion	113
molecular recognition	113
mycobacterium tuberculosis	112
dna vaccine	112
systems biology	112
thermo fisher	112
also showed	112
neutralizing antibody	112
will also	112
plant viruses	111
untranslated region	111
proteasomal degradation	111
target genes	111
negative bacteria	111
histocompatibility complex	111
knockout mice	111
cystic fibrosis	111
hydrogen bonding	111
significantly decreased	111
polypeptide chain	111
main protease	111
soluble protein	111
syndrome virus	111
new coronavirus	111
disulfide isomerase	110
protein content	110
coding sequence	110
sindbis virus	110
posttranslational modifications	110
may represent	110
data sets	110
coronavirus infectious	109
fi rst	109
epithelial cell	109
many different	109
protein gene	109
many viruses	109
cells transfected	109
additional file	109
parathyroid hormone	109
quantitative proteomics	109
single cell	109
host defense	109
binding partners	109
cerebrospinal fluid	109
alternative splicing	108
catalytic domain	108
homology modeling	108
hemorrhagic fever	108
arabidopsis thaliana	108
porcine circovirus	108
highly specific	108
hcv core	108
elongation factor	108
mass spectrometric	107
several proteins	107
serine proteases	107
protein engineering	107
therapeutic targets	107
also shown	107
lipid composition	107
genetic engineering	107
studies using	107
therapeutic potential	106
acid residue	106
allowed us	106
protein disulfide	106
mechanisms underlying	106
measured using	106
comparative analysis	106
virus protein	106
chain reaction	106
particle size	106
soluble proteins	106
colorectal cancer	106
endothelial cell	106
programmed cell	106
may help	106
cancer therapy	105
newcastle disease	105
atomic force	105
cell differentiation	105
much higher	105
protein aggregation	105
epitope mapping	105
human respiratory	105
mass spectrometer	105
biological function	105
total rna	105
protein molecules	105
positive control	105
linked glycosylation	105
surface receptors	105
red blood	105
coupled receptor	105
microglial cells	105
cd cells	105
terminal amino	104
nile virus	104
induced cell	104
mast cells	104
lymph nodes	104
disordered protein	104
i molecules	104
diabetes mellitus	104
protein targets	104
cov spike	103
proteins encoded	103
affinity purification	103
treated cells	103
recombinant human	103
direct interaction	103
gastroenteritis virus	103
tissue culture	103
proteome analysis	103
cells showed	103
nucleolar proteins	103
mononuclear cells	102
expression patterns	102
may affect	102
plasmodium falciparum	102
animal model	102
inflammatory responses	102
acid binding	102
therapeutic strategies	102
viral capsid	102
proteins associated	102
presenting cells	102
neural network	102
viral genomes	102
swine fever	102
cell density	102
based approach	101
culture media	101
wound healing	101
surface antigen	101
viral life	101
dependent protein	101
protein interacts	101
plasma protein	101
high density	101
remains unclear	101
stress granules	100
surface plasmon	100
angiotensin ii	100
evidence suggests	100
polymerase chain	100
start codon	100
small intestine	100
protein docking	100
point mutations	100
lactic acid	100
drug target	100
peptide sequence	100
may result	100
phase i	100
ribosomal protein	100
large amounts	100
pivotal role	99
play important	99
expression vectors	99
plasma proteins	99
drug repurposing	99
yeast cells	99
sialic acids	99
data obtained	99
protease activity	99
therapeutic agents	99
significantly different	99
infectious disease	99
using two	99
future studies	99
functional characterization	98
adaptor protein	98
synovial fluid	98
pore complex	98
platelet aggregation	98
phosphorylation sites	98
functional role	98
mouse models	98
rational design	98
laser desorption	98
similar results	98
stress conditions	98
hydrogen bond	97
high concentrations	97
localization signal	97
complete genome	97
cellular uptake	97
movement protein	97
hydrophobic residues	97
proteins containing	97
two main	97
human health	97
platelet activation	97
rna helicase	97
antiviral drugs	97
gene silencing	97
virion assembly	97
protein binds	97
interacting protein	97
proteins expressed	96
reverse vaccinology	96
ubiquitin ligases	96
nuclear factor	96
phase peptide	96
sendai virus	96
better understand	96
expressing cells	96
low levels	96
results indicated	96
tof mass	96
actin cytoskeleton	95
plant virus	95
structure determination	95
will provide	95
energy metabolism	95
genes involved	95
secondary antibody	95
plasmon resonance	95
virus glycoprotein	94
different stages	94
metal ions	94
pulmonary surfactant	94
mediated endocytosis	94
delivery system	94
inclusion bodies	94
apoptotic cells	94
epitope prediction	94
data set	94
structural biology	94
another study	94
binding energy	94
neuronal cells	93
movement proteins	93
protein functions	93
linked immunosorbent	93
point mutation	93
high sensitivity	93
intracellular transport	93
support vector	93
pseudomonas aeruginosa	93
pg ml	93
potential targets	93
based vaccine	93
possible role	93
insulin resistance	93
preliminary results	93
cell imaging	93
basic protein	93
terminal part	93
tumor growth	93
desorption ionization	93
coronavirus nsp	93
also identified	93
acid glycoprotein	93
different mechanisms	93
specific antibody	92
biomarker discovery	92
whole cell	92
fisher scientific	92
kinase activity	92
subunit vaccines	92
specific cd	92
individual proteins	92
family proteins	92
exchange chromatography	91
immunosorbent assay	91
pattern recognition	91
force microscopy	91
primary sequence	91
fluorescence spectroscopy	91
signal peptidase	91
virus core	91
progenitor cells	91
structural data	91
adverse effects	91
binding lectin	91
antigen processing	91
regulatory proteins	91
infected patients	91
molecular cloning	90
higher levels	90
binding affinities	90
coiled coil	90
alkaline phosphatase	90
leaf curl	90
leaky scanning	90
subcellular location	90
well plates	90
fluorescence intensity	90
amyloid fibrils	90
myocardial infarction	90
alveolar macrophages	90
standard deviation	90
inhibitory effects	90
containing protein	90
molecular chaperones	90
protein domain	90
mrna translation	90
mrna display	89
control cells	89
experimental evidence	89
fold change	89
local structures	89
human lung	89
dna vaccines	89
cellular receptor	89
structural characterization	89
ko mice	89
currently available	88
broad spectrum	88
human cell	88
last years	88
drug binding	88
proteasome system	88
mechanisms involved	88
rna molecules	88
ribosome entry	88
state nmr	88
time point	88
hiv infection	88
modifi ed	88
peptides derived	88
zinc finger	88
human disease	88
also called	88
vitro studies	87
also involved	87
two major	87
internal ribosome	87
protective effect	87
coat proteins	87
protein concentrations	87
dynamics simulation	87
see table	87
protein translation	87
der waals	87
cysteine residue	87
endocytic pathway	87
virus infections	86
proteolytic activity	86
entry site	86
among others	86
located within	86
potential target	86
tumour cells	86
calculated using	86
protein encoded	86
virulence factors	86
cysteine proteases	86
lysine residues	86
eif gi	86
sense rna	86
plant cells	86
gastrointestinal tract	86
close proximity	86
may cause	85
vascular endothelial	85
factor viii	85
identifi ed	85
conserved among	85
long term	85
extracellular vesicle	85
misfolded proteins	85
world health	85
humoral immune	85
heat stress	85
computational methods	85
serum proteins	85
rat brain	85
adaptive immunity	85
protein contains	85
pathogen interactions	85
coding region	84
ca i	84
hsp inhibitors	84
binding free	84
contains two	84
increased levels	84
colon cancer	84
clinical studies	84
drug candidates	84
influenza viruses	84
natural products	84
signal peptides	84
superoxide dismutase	84
broad range	84
terminal half	84
studies will	84
consensus sequence	84
group i	84
vp protein	84
biological systems	84
also present	84
health organization	84
selective autophagy	84
eukaryotic translation	83
identified using	83
different species	83
reporter gene	83
plasminogen activator	83
virulence factor	83
disulfide bridges	83
protein structural	83
gene transcription	83
fully understood	83
respiratory distress	83
rna processing	83
active sites	83
adipose tissue	83
risk factor	83
investigated using	83
nkt cells	83
biomedical applications	83
dna synthesis	83
highly sensitive	83
intracellular localization	83
will help	83
cell function	83
autophagosome formation	83
generated using	82
virus fusion	82
ligand interactions	82
respiratory disease	82
ii fusion	82
several different	82
give rise	82
studies suggest	82
protein purification	82
cycle progression	82
chemical synthesis	82
signalling pathway	82
lipid membrane	82
viral glycoproteins	82
insect cell	82
size distribution	82
three groups	82
hydrophobic interactions	82
live cells	82
limited number	82
protein surface	82
drosophila melanogaster	82
based protein	82
host range	81
related genes	81
many proteins	81
proteins including	81
secreted proteins	81
resonance energy	81
usa introduction	81
cysteine protease	81
distantly related	81
coronavirus associated	81
human coronaviruses	81
target gene	81
genome sequences	81
virus capsid	81
single amino	81
mammary gland	81
sample preparation	81
protein secondary	81
overlapping genes	81
time course	81
therapeutic proteins	81
late endosomes	81
transcriptional regulation	80
scoring function	80
small number	80
obtained using	80
lipid droplets	80
steady state	80
might also	80
cell population	80
ace receptor	80
functional studies	80
genetically engineered	80
will allow	80
hydrogen peroxide	80
flow rate	80
healthy subjects	80
lg ml	80
significant reduction	80
different viruses	80
antimicrobial peptide	80
bioactive peptides	80
virus hemagglutinin	80
washed three	80
fusion loop	80
reticulum stress	80
expression profiles	80
cells via	80
polymerase ii	80
functional groups	79
buffered saline	79
experimental conditions	79
proinflammatory cytokines	79
well established	79
studies revealed	79
virus strain	79
functional properties	79
viral pathogenesis	79
pathological conditions	79
may act	79
metal ion	79
cell receptors	79
human brain	79
rna silencing	79
ionic strength	79
four different	79
predicting protein	79
proteins might	79
enrichment analysis	79
low concentrations	79
protein nanocages	79
lysis buffer	79
cardiovascular disease	79
potential drug	79
indirect immunofluorescence	79
sequence data	78
tyrosine kinases	78
virus nucleocapsid	78
new therapeutic	78
systemic lupus	78
mdck cells	78
protein genes	78
virus particle	78
cellular stress	78
fluorescent proteins	78
assisted laser	78
fusion activity	78
one hand	78
structural similarity	78
cellular membranes	78
aug codons	78
leader sequence	78
mutant proteins	78
significant decrease	78
protein sorting	78
novel therapeutic	78
significant role	78
inflammatory diseases	78
well understood	78
functional protein	77
lysosomal enzymes	77
simian virus	77
replication complexes	77
carcinoma cells	77
antibody production	77
envelope glycoproteins	77
nuclear transport	77
viral particle	77
regulated secretory	77
different time	77
lupus erythematosus	77
plasma levels	77
successfully used	77
primary human	77
viral pathogens	77
different concentrations	77
interaction data	77
molecular mimicry	77
antibody fragments	77
heterogeneous nuclear	77
growth rate	77
using protein	77
days post	77
abundant proteins	77
porcine reproductive	77
biological properties	77
peptide binding	77
expression analysis	77
new approach	77
bacillus subtilis	77
data demonstrate	77
tobacco mosaic	77
natural killer	77
binding region	76
serum levels	76
sequence alignments	76
biological activities	76
receptor activation	76
science foundation	76
cell lung	76
culture supernatants	76
antiviral drug	76
copy number	76
secreted protein	76
small rna	76
powerful tool	76
neural networks	76
poliovirus rna	76
type mice	76
molecular chaperone	76
blood mononuclear	76
life sciences	76
apoptotic cell	76
positive cells	76
metabolic pathways	76
investigate whether	76
molecule inhibitors	76
chinese hamster	76
live cell	76
vast majority	76
adhesion molecules	76
sequence motifs	75
receptor tyrosine	75
viral diseases	75
containing mm	75
pbs containing	75
protein abundance	75
igg antibodies	75
single protein	75
sequence information	75
polyclonal antibodies	75
host factor	75
interaction partners	75
negative regulator	75
like proteinase	75
peptide libraries	75
protein transport	75
african swine	75
therapeutic intervention	75
lung injury	75
expression pattern	74
physical properties	74
terminal residues	74
inflammatory cytokine	74
years ago	74
using anti	74
solvent accessibility	74
like particle	74
dynamic light	74
performance liquid	74
well characterized	74
approved drugs	74
showed significant	74
purifi ed	74
immune cell	74
lymph node	74
cleavage products	74
causative agent	74
circovirus type	74
codon usage	74
membrane insertion	74
shed light	74
infectious virus	74
cycle arrest	74
protein vp	74
accession number	74
aspartic acid	74
plant species	74
another example	74
messenger rna	74
long time	74
golgi membranes	73
cells may	73
also demonstrated	73
high expression	73
density gradient	73
derived exosomes	73
membrane curvature	73
mm edta	73
brain tissue	73
amino terminus	73
peptide ligands	73
viral vectors	73
great potential	73
viral mrna	73
membrane association	73
chemical shift	73
ic values	73
thermal stability	73
transduction pathways	73
immunogenic proteins	73
table i	73
ang ii	73
ubiquitin chains	73
antigen presenting	73
enzymes involved	73
md simulation	73
proteomics analysis	73
cellular response	72
cellular immune	72
infection cycle	72
helical structure	72
posttranslational modification	72
virus production	72
pregnant women	72
initiation factors	72
starting point	72
viral structural	72
protein arrays	72
mobile phase	72
cell extracts	72
purifi cation	72
detected using	72
remains unknown	72
specific interaction	72
nuclear envelope	72
mhc molecules	72
low abundance	72
terminal end	72
still unclear	72
may occur	72
adaptor proteins	72
many cases	72
idps idprs	71
studied using	71
cell populations	71
myelin basic	71
mechanical properties	71
recognition receptors	71
specifi city	71
infected mice	71
based method	71
also able	71
recipient cells	71
also performed	71
molecular weights	71
culture supernatant	71
hla class	71
pancreatic cancer	71
lipid metabolism	71
different protein	71
functional domains	71
extracellular domain	71
like structures	71
virus release	71
high performance	71
significant changes	71
rabbit anti	71
product quality	71
assessed using	71
translational control	70
rna pol	70
creative commons	70
serine threonine	70
cellular pathways	70
genetic material	70
human blood	70
coronavirus nonstructural	70
class iii	70
viral antigens	70
derived extracellular	70
multifunctional protein	70
false positives	70
situ hybridization	70
rat liver	70
white matter	70
transforming growth	70
times higher	70
without affecting	70
murine leukemia	70
evaluated using	70
culture conditions	70
protein coupled	70
effi cient	70
viral rnas	70
transgenic mouse	70
distress syndrome	70
pathway analysis	70
hepg cells	70
novel protein	70
regulatory factor	70
study showed	70
conditioned medium	70
nuclear ribonucleoprotein	70
final concentration	70
protein inhibits	70
human host	70
gene regulation	70
host translation	70
monte carlo	70
previous work	70
cell apoptosis	70
supplementary material	69
high temperature	69
cardiovascular diseases	69
ab initio	69
associated degradation	69
three proteins	69
peptide bond	69
binding mode	69
recently reported	69
nsp nsp	69
force fields	69
protein induces	69
computational approaches	69
mediated autophagy	69
provide new	69
vesicle formation	69
current knowledge	69
regulatory protein	69
signaling molecules	69
quaternary structure	69
cdna library	69
surface receptor	69
may explain	69
also reported	69
studies indicate	69
recently developed	69
clinical applications	69
estrogen receptor	69
relatively high	69
lipid peroxidation	69
assay using	68
hamster ovary	68
statistical significance	68
new method	68
avian influenza	68
unfolded proteins	68
melanoma cells	68
protein secretion	68
protein analysis	68
early detection	68
protective immune	68
structural properties	68
formic acid	68
pathogenic bacteria	68
retention signal	68
horseradish peroxidase	68
high quality	68
nmr studies	68
will present	68
kj mol	68
muscular dystrophy	68
eukaryotic initiation	68
physiological processes	68
per se	68
purified protein	68
cell lysate	68
protein glycosylation	67
elevated levels	67
nuclear translocation	67
hours post	67
heptad repeat	67
healthy donors	67
free system	67
buffer containing	67
vascular smooth	67
three dimensional	67
binding capacity	67
proteins within	67
blood vessels	67
cytoplasmic domains	67
dimensional structures	67
studies show	67
nk cells	67
vivo studies	67
nuclear proteins	67
blood coagulation	67
encoded proteins	67
highly pathogenic	67
ii mhc	67
sh domain	67
surface markers	67
encephalomyocarditis virus	67
aqueous solution	67
amino group	67
control groups	67
antigenic determinants	67
expression profile	67
largely unknown	67
protein involved	67
ribosomal subunit	66
terminal domains	66
ordered proteins	66
also play	66
cell development	66
cellular components	66
receptor signaling	66
potent inhibitors	66
healthy individuals	66
new class	66
er lumen	66
sorting signals	66
protein phosphatase	66
correlation spectroscopy	66
clinical signs	66
hydrophobic domain	66
western blots	66
protein forms	66
stress responses	66
conditioned media	66
functional receptor	66
stable isotope	66
protein composition	66
intracellular trafficking	66
linear epitopes	66
healthy volunteers	66
host response	66
influenza hemagglutinin	66
ray scattering	65
polyclonal antibody	65
disease severity	65
human igg	65
often used	65
protein design	65
two domains	65
accessory protein	65
purified using	65
mutant protein	65
associated virus	65
primary antibody	65
solution structure	65
ifitm proteins	65
negative controls	65
protein using	65
model systems	65
protein nsp	65
high specificity	65
ribosomal frameshifting	65
tat protein	65
based approaches	65
predicted using	65
protein trafficking	65
cap structure	65
low affinity	65
complex i	65
fourier transform	65
transgenic tobacco	65
bacterial pathogens	65
secretory granule	65
higher affinity	65
novel approach	65
host interaction	65
preliminary data	65
sars virus	64
sukh superfamily	64
protein array	64
much less	64
transmembrane helices	64
conjugated goat	64
much lower	64
cellular localization	64
surfactant proteins	64
based assay	64
heart disease	64
type protein	64
particular interest	64
antiviral responses	64
localization signals	64
using various	64
hybrid system	64
molecular characterization	64
sarcoma virus	64
culture system	64
peptide arrays	64
er proteins	64
past years	64
interaction map	64
next step	64
golgi membrane	64
protective role	64
novel human	64
morphological changes	64
kinase inhibitor	64
protein networks	64
also investigated	64
membrane permeability	64
electron transfer	64
genetic analysis	64
feline infectious	64
start site	64
viral spike	64
em structure	64
high molecular	64
national institute	64
infectious peritonitis	64
mouse igg	64
cytotoxic effects	63
caenorhabditis elegans	63
protein might	63
positive bacteria	63
results will	63
human body	63
medium containing	63
oral administration	63
bacterial species	63
recently identified	63
intermediate compartment	63
still unknown	63
model membranes	63
membrane binding	63
replicative structures	63
cellular mrnas	63
matrix proteins	63
one protein	63
increasing evidence	63
small size	63
bispecific antibodies	63
human breast	63
blood glucose	63
homologous proteins	63
tobacco plants	63
recently shown	63
genetically modified	63
brain injury	63
plant cell	63
japanese encephalitis	63
domain proteins	63
leucine zipper	63
pp ab	63
wistar rats	63
induces apoptosis	63
host cellular	63
autophagy genes	63
dendritic cell	63
secondary antibodies	63
like domain	63
viral assembly	62
specific immune	62
isoelectric point	62
cho cell	62
proton channel	62
membrane glycoprotein	62
vesicular transport	62
detailed analysis	62
solid support	62
receptor recognition	62
patients suffering	62
bat sars	62
active peptides	62
domain ii	62
ribosome biogenesis	62
mrna decay	62
ros production	62
protein tyrosine	62
cell carcinoma	62
dependent kinase	62
nmr spectra	62
cov replication	62
mice lacking	62
glioma cells	62
electron microscope	62
specific cell	62
fl uorescence	62
membrane surface	62
based assays	62
density lipoprotein	62
nicotiana benthamiana	62
cell protein	62
charged amino	62
kidney cells	62
least three	62
level expression	62
crispr cas	61
toxic effects	61
structural genomics	61
potential use	61
tof tof	61
tissue damage	61
stop codon	61
molecular interaction	61
specific cellular	61
small cell	61
viral surface	61
supplementary data	61
guanine nucleotide	61
protein fragments	61
phylogenetic tree	61
mg dl	61
experimental results	61
among different	61
ifn signaling	61
study provides	61
polymerase activity	61
rat model	61
cyclic peptides	61
chronic inflammatory	61
quantitative proteomic	61
parainfluenza virus	61
whole genome	61
also detected	61
highly efficient	61
derived peptides	61
phase ii	61
pcr products	61
proteins found	61
specific inhibitors	61
endothelial growth	61
heterologous expression	61
coated vesicles	61
extensively studied	61
structural elements	61
associated herpesvirus	61
native structure	61
deletion mutants	61
dna methylation	61
database search	61
bacterial infections	61
neurodegenerative disorders	61
dipeptidyl peptidase	61
showed high	61
negatively regulates	61
last decade	61
relatively low	61
expression data	60
proteins also	60
mediated apoptosis	60
antibody binding	60
vice versa	60
helix bundle	60
click chemistry	60
isolated using	60
glutamic acids	60
rabbit igg	60
gives rise	60
dimensional gel	60
scale production	60
cell lysis	60
activity relationship	60
different levels	60
virus life	60
chemical properties	60
sequence comparison	60
proteins will	60
strand breaks	60
mutational analysis	60
acid substitutions	60
tm domain	60
signal sequences	60
milk protein	60
ph values	60
using high	60
enzyme activities	60
prion protein	60
small intestinal	60
viral load	60
hidden markov	60
campylobacter jejuni	60
human growth	60
training set	60
modifi cation	60
binding residues	60
low cost	59
stationary phase	59
ms data	59
might play	59
one another	59
autophagy proteins	59
provide evidence	59
evolutionarily conserved	59
experiments using	59
severe covid	59
poly i	59
million people	59
intercellular communication	59
findings indicate	59
frog virus	59
nuclear membrane	59
target membrane	59
biochemical characterization	59
host innate	59
regulatory role	59
protein phosphorylation	59
clinical use	59
chain length	59
expressed protein	59
membrane trafficking	59
antigenic sites	59
aromatic residues	59
regulated protein	59
native protein	59
polyethylene glycol	59
using recombinant	59
factor alpha	59
nucleocapsid proteins	59
lateral sclerosis	59
plasma cells	59
type virus	59
human population	59
receptor protein	59
gene family	59
homology models	59
antibody titers	59
signifi cant	59
retinoic acid	59
high yield	59
given protein	58
producing cells	58
xenopus oocytes	58
competing interests	58
interferon response	58
functional significance	58
interferon signaling	58
deep learning	58
major structural	58
may reflect	58
fusion pore	58
fast protein	58
secretory vesicles	58
laser scanning	58
like growth	58
wheat germ	58
autophagy pathway	58
analysis indicated	58
animal viruses	58
phase synthesis	58
previously identified	58
terminal sequence	58
biological membranes	58
hydrophobic core	58
embryonic stem	58
dependent translation	58
near future	58
protein produced	58
specific protease	58
two subunits	58
peptide vaccine	58
viral translation	58
cells grown	58
new drugs	58
adhesion molecule	58
schwann cell	58
may influence	58
ppi network	58
uninfected cells	58
therapeutic applications	58
binding regions	58
patients compared	58
unpublished data	58
acidic ph	58
papillomavirus type	58
cellular membrane	58
rich region	58
protein also	58
phase separation	57
blood plasma	57
lung tissue	57
signal intensity	57
done using	57
lesser extent	57
raman spectroscopy	57
ramachandran plot	57
binding modes	57
murine hepatitis	57
intracellular ca	57
i will	57
i ifns	57
various types	57
genome sequencing	57
results demonstrated	57
golgi cisternae	57
induced autophagy	57
gel filtration	57
avian infectious	57
viral glycoprotein	57
homologous recombination	57
nucleotide exchange	57
glycosylation site	57
amyotrophic lateral	57
main proteinase	57
results provide	57
titration calorimetry	57
neurodegenerative disease	57
ev isolation	57
concentration range	57
phase transition	57
peptide library	57
activity relationships	57
bacillus anthracis	57
protein quality	57
three independent	57
binding assay	57
specific interactions	57
receptor antagonist	57
infectious agents	57
rna polymerases	56
functional proteins	56
identify potential	56
nlrp inflammasome	56
cellular responses	56
technical university	56
deubiquitinating enzyme	56
inkt cells	56
family member	56
recent developments	56
biological samples	56
coding regions	56
intestinal mucosa	56
bacterial cell	56
factors involved	56
domain protein	56
per cell	56
significant effect	56
coding sequences	56
single nucleotide	56
peptide inhibitors	56
kda proteins	56
docking studies	56
normal cells	56
bovine coronavirus	56
precursor protein	56
increasing number	56
inner membrane	56
study shows	56
penetrating peptides	56
also important	56
actin filaments	56
group ii	56
host mrnas	56
dna sequencing	56
vector machine	56
false positive	56
currently used	56
will discuss	56
higher concentrations	56
liver disease	56
recent work	56
allow us	56
gastroenteritis coronavirus	56
pdz domain	56
antibodies directed	55
mortality rate	55
transmembrane region	55
protein subcellular	55
acid metabolism	55
neural stem	55
salmonella typhimurium	55
fat diet	55
uniprot id	55
nk cell	55
th century	55
wt mice	55
specific primers	55
isothermal titration	55
washed twice	55
data showed	55
fast proteins	55
pore formation	55
research council	55
beneficial effects	55
potent inhibitor	55
normal human	55
cell clones	55
antiviral immunity	55
protein database	55
small rnas	55
tissue engineering	55
innate antiviral	55
recently described	55
neutral ph	55
acetic acid	55
corona virus	55
virus budding	55
domain iii	55
lung diseases	55
cell communication	55
two decades	55
using molecular	55
hydrophobic interaction	55
affinity binding	55
cell functions	55
functionally important	55
complex class	55
ms spectra	55
stimulating factor	55
viral attachment	55
small interfering	55
allows us	55
replicase proteins	55
will focus	54
small angle	54
great interest	54
clinical practice	54
various cell	54
next generation	54
potential biomarkers	54
fusion peptides	54
atomic resolution	54
feline coronavirus	54
mediated activation	54
recent data	54
specific dna	54
experiments showed	54
scoring functions	54
major challenge	54
new generation	54
dmcpd bs	54
protein samples	54
higher order	54
environmental conditions	54
autoimmune disease	54
hydrophobic amino	54
relatively small	54
systematic review	54
early diagnosis	54
diseases including	54
two weeks	54
newly developed	54
bacterial cells	54
protein products	54
physiological functions	54
chemical engineering	54
human monoclonal	54
free radical	54
bioinformatics tools	54
binding peptides	54
results revealed	54
common feature	54
lactate dehydrogenase	54
base pairs	54
viral components	54
foxo proteins	54
residues within	54
mrna splicing	53
human pathogens	53
nucleotide sequences	53
ctl epitopes	53
peptides containing	53
congo hemorrhagic	53
financial support	53
potential vaccine	53
coronavirus rna	53
spectrometry analysis	53
control subjects	53
ctl responses	53
method using	53
dynamic range	53
th cells	53
linear epitope	53
cells lacking	53
using nmr	53
experimental studies	53
bl mice	53
ucsf chimera	53
high concentration	53
interfering rna	53
energy function	53
three domains	53
solid state	53
degradation products	53
triple helix	53
two independent	53
adenovirus type	53
based screening	53
receptor expression	53
extracellular space	53
inflammatory bowel	53
damage response	53
fluorescently labeled	53
atp hydrolysis	53
packaging signal	53
trypsin inhibitor	53
enveloped virus	53
proteolytic degradation	53
study revealed	53
pharmaceutical industry	53
gene sequences	53
successfully applied	53
jurkat cells	53
conserved across	53
thermo scientific	53
expression profiling	53
quantified using	53
nucleolar protein	53
see also	53
defense mechanisms	53
phosphate dehydrogenase	52
protein solubility	52
acidic protein	52
fi cation	52
frequently used	52
correct folding	52
three major	52
confocal laser	52
host gene	52
recombinant vaccinia	52
transferrin receptor	52
drug administration	52
molten globule	52
network analysis	52
independent manner	52
patients infected	52
transcriptional activation	52
neuronal cell	52
cellular rna	52
proteins like	52
viral genes	52
binding motifs	52
low level	52
coding genes	52
also tested	52
infrared spectroscopy	52
microglial activation	52
glycan binding	52
therapeutic strategy	52
processes including	52
generation sequencing	52
restriction enzyme	52
optical density	52
tomato leaf	52
embryonic development	52
upstream aug	52
clinical characteristics	52
structure analysis	52
rous sarcoma	52
yersinia pestis	52
like peptide	52
cancer progression	52
also show	52
dna fragments	52
phosphate buffer	52
based prediction	52
fetal bovine	52
different methods	52
avian coronavirus	52
polarized epithelial	52
cellular signaling	52
genome organization	52
terminal fragment	52
three distinct	52
kinase inhibitors	52
urine samples	52
apoptosis induced	52
signaling cascade	52
adrenergic receptor	52
mrna level	52
modifi cations	52
highly selective	52
cytokine storm	52
prediction methods	52
antiviral effects	52
host antiviral	52
living organisms	51
fatty acyl	51
magnetic beads	51
tyrosine phosphorylation	51
ion exchange	51
complement activation	51
promoter activity	51
isotope labeling	51
associated molecular	51
proteins present	51
peptide fragments	51
santa cruz	51
different molecular	51
golgi fragmentation	51
membrane lipid	51
zeta potential	51
potato virus	51
recent evidence	51
human cancer	51
coli bl	51
specific expression	51
covalently linked	51
golgi structure	51
substrate binding	51
various diseases	51
serum protein	51
terminal signal	51
protein interfaces	51
cell proteins	51
unknown function	51
oxidative damage	51
high efficiency	51
protein containing	51
carbonic anhydrase	51
complement system	51
interferon regulatory	51
recombinant dna	51
secretory protein	51
results suggested	51
proteolytic enzymes	51
target sites	51
many years	51
transform infrared	51
see section	51
igg antibody	51
luciferase reporter	51
pharmaceutical proteins	51
cells also	51
pedv infection	51
infected individuals	51
also contains	51
sodium dodecyl	51
molecular function	51
i i	51
coding rnas	51
human cd	50
targeting signal	50
giving rise	50
ray diffraction	50
method based	50
physiological role	50
well defined	50
pharmakologie und	50
rna sequencing	50
developed using	50
virus gene	50
mediated inhibition	50
sequence conservation	50
single stranded	50
electron density	50
salmonella enterica	50
weight loss	50
sample buffer	50
atp binding	50
may function	50
study demonstrates	50
open access	50
small proteins	50
proteomic studies	50
nsp proteins	50
vg vd	50
coronary artery	50
primary antibodies	50
research institute	50
specific manner	50
therapeutic options	50
conformational analysis	50
human umbilical	50
heterologous proteins	50
virus strains	50
common cold	50
hematopoietic stem	50
mhc i	50
blood cell	50
incubated overnight	50
initiation codon	50
nuclear protein	50
response element	50
many studies	50
known protein	50
mitochondrial dysfunction	50
conformational space	50
lipid raft	50
global health	50
obtained results	50
proteins interact	50
surface glycoprotein	50
binding specificity	50
receptor complex	50
cells ml	50
length protein	50
bioinformatics analysis	50
promising approach	50
vitro assays	50
platelet count	50
unnatural amino	50
binding assays	50
internal initiation	50
mitochondrial proteins	50
also contain	50
specific functions	50
tight junction	50
specific ctl	50
functional genomics	50
several viral	50
protein markers	50
tissue samples	50
protein dynamics	50
hsp family	50
live attenuated	50
using specific	50
recent reports	50
cell metabolism	49
neuropathic pain	49
protective effects	49
flight mass	49
humoral immunity	49
reaction monitoring	49
coli cells	49
correlation coefficient	49
effective vaccine	49
chemical shifts	49
enzymatic activities	49
membrane anchor	49
genes proteins	49
ml min	49
antiviral agents	49
gene encodes	49
induce apoptosis	49
phylogenetic trees	49
mouse anti	49
one example	49
carrier protein	49
tg mice	49
golgi compartment	49
protein fold	49
positive correlation	49
cancer stem	49
control mice	49
lymphocytic choriomeningitis	49
scanning microscopy	49
transmembrane helix	49
transfection efficiency	49
induced changes	49
food intake	49
helicase activity	49
factor eif	49
vitro transcription	49
may facilitate	49
immune recognition	49
acyl chains	49
ace microbody	49
disease caused	49
urgent need	49
markov model	49
hcv rna	49
large numbers	49
proteins targeted	49
cancer treatment	49