trigram

This is a table of type trigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

trigram	frequency
genome sequence of	255
the human genome	175
as well as	166
of the genome	136
the number of	135
one of the	110
complete genome sequence	109
the presence of	96
sequence of the	95
of the human	94
the development of	86
the genome of	83
analysis of the	79
due to the	69
in addition to	68
of the viral	64
such as the	60
it has been	58
based on the	58
of rna viruses	57
in the genome	56
a number of	56
the use of	55
the evolution of	55
a variety of	53
in the human	52
of the virus	52
as a result	48
genome sequences of	48
the genomes of	48
the identification of	48
be used to	47
that can be	46
in order to	46
the viral genome	45
some of the	44
the genome sequence	43
there is a	43
sequence of a	42
the case of	42
the basis of	40
a result of	40
the ability to	40
draft genome sequence	40
in the case	40
can be used	39
human genome project	38
the stability of	38
well as the	37
part of the	37
genome of the	36
the discovery of	35
dependent rna polymerase	35
mutations in the	35
the analysis of	35
a total of	35
severe acute respiratory	34
associated with the	34
end of the	34
in which the	33
the origin of	33
of the two	33
acute respiratory syndrome	33
the absence of	33
of the same	32
most of the	32
the generation of	32
each of the	32
the size of	32
hepatitis c virus	32
of yersinia pestis	31
on the other	31
large number of	31
the fact that	31
a set of	31
the frequency of	31
it is possible	31
the majority of	30
a and b	30
led to the	30
members of the	30
open reading frames	30
in this case	29
present in the	29
region of the	28
because of the	28
the result of	28
can also be	28
the host genome	28
the study of	28
human immunodeficiency virus	28
on the basis	27
sequences of the	27
of a single	27
it is not	27
insights into the	27
complete genome sequences	27
there is no	27
the united states	27
wimmer et al	26
of the most	26
understanding of the	26
to identify the	26
in the same	26
the other hand	26
the genome size	26
related to the	26
size of the	26
found in the	26
in terms of	25
referred to as	25
important role in	25
of the insert	25
the formation of	25
the level of	25
the effect of	25
a large number	25
responsible for the	25
and evolution of	25
in the absence	25
wang et al	25
to be a	25
of the genomes	25
the emergence of	25
the complete genome	24
mouth disease virus	24
shown in figure	24
and genome size	24
and analysis of	24
and it is	24
involved in the	24
regions of the	24
role in the	24
rna recombination in	24
diversity of the	24
nucleotide sequence of	24
the role of	24
into the host	23
the ability of	23
in contrast to	23
the possibility of	23
of the first	23
of a novel	23
in this study	23
the process of	23
the diversity of	23
addition to the	23
the field of	23
strand rna viruses	23
many of the	22
with respect to	22
according to the	22
found to be	22
an rna virus	22
high mutation rates	22
of the poliovirus	22
there are many	22
the context of	22
the production of	22
the availability of	22
of the host	22
it is also	22
the need for	22
the detection of	21
respiratory syndrome coronavirus	21
can lead to	21
similar to the	21
two or more	21
in rna viruses	21
sequence accession jx	21
in the context	21
number of genes	21
an important role	21
immunodeficiency virus type	21
the whole genome	21
the same time	21
the expression of	21
of viral genomes	21
structure of the	21
in the host	21
at the same	21
isolated from a	21
of the genes	21
of rna recombination	21
in the presence	20
of gene expression	20
the function of	20
has not been	20
the influenza virus	20
the mutation rate	20
the university of	20
west nile virus	20
appear to be	20
of a virus	20
be able to	20
it should be	20
in a single	20
appears to be	20
depending on the	20
sequence accession cp	20
the course of	20
of rna virus	20
at least one	20
need to be	19
have been developed	19
lead to the	19
of a genome	19
likely to be	19
is possible to	19
may not be	19
molla et al	19
the potential to	19
has been shown	19
evolution of the	19
of the complete	19
of the rna	19
characterization of the	19
of viral genome	19
in the united	19
the relationship between	19
the structure of	19
of viral rna	19
of genetic variation	18
it is a	18
of the sars	18
and characterization of	18
the replication of	18
protein coding genes	18
the lack of	18
encoded by the	18
differences in the	18
the sequence of	18
genes in the	18
at the time	18
the genome and	18
that of the	18
from a single	18
whole genome sequencing	18
amino acid sequences	18
it is the	18
considered to be	18
closely related to	18
the application of	18
comparison of the	18
comparative analysis of	18
the end of	18
of the protein	18
the scientific community	18
of the hgp	18
associated with a	18
is based on	17
organization of the	17
for the first	17
that have been	17
quantitative trait loci	17
have been used	17
vesicular stomatitis virus	17
is likely to	17
of the genus	17
the goal of	17
been shown to	17
it can be	17
this type of	17
of the entire	17
the genome is	17
have been identified	17
function of the	17
the importance of	17
and in the	17
a series of	17
is one of	17
the distribution of	17
of a new	17
of the polymerase	17
national center for	17
acute respiratory disease	17
increase in the	16
the extent of	16
of the bacterium	16
all of the	16
open reading frame	16
changes in the	16
infectious disease research	16
dna and rna	16
sequence accession jq	16
of these viruses	16
in the viral	16
in response to	16
the mechanisms of	16
genome size and	16
rna viruses have	16
the nature of	16
of infectious disease	16
of recombination in	16
emerging infectious diseases	16
the results of	16
of a gene	16
the existence of	16
in southern china	15
of infectious diseases	15
seem to be	15
internal ribosomal entry	15
is the most	15
of genetic information	15
in the following	15
it is likely	15
use of the	15
for crop improvement	15
that has been	15
of the four	15
influenza a virus	15
thought to be	15
it is important	15
human genome and	15
may also be	15
give rise to	15
for the development	15
mutation rate of	15
of treponema pallidum	15
evolution of rna	15
the causative agent	15
that there is	15
number of probes	15
identification of the	15
wide range of	15
phylogenetic analysis of	15
of a human	15
in cell culture	15
high mutation rate	15
to determine the	15
in some cases	15
structure and function	15
of mutations in	15
rna viruses are	15
molecular basis of	15
are associated with	15
simple sequence repeats	15
a range of	15
the consensus sequence	15
of a viral	15
to that of	15
center for biotechnology	14
used in the	14
it may be	14
nature of the	14
our understanding of	14
have shown that	14
in vitro and	14
is important to	14
expression of the	14
is not a	14
was used to	14
to the genome	14
be used for	14
the most common	14
and the other	14
the immune response	14
gromeier et al	14
of influenza a	14
are likely to	14
causative agent of	14
the occurrence of	14
to be the	14
genomes of the	14
a role in	14
is associated with	14
ribosomal entry site	14
found that the	14
to the human	14
the spectral density	14
seems to be	14
the proportion of	14
in the field	14
of the coronavirus	14
of the genomic	14
has been proposed	14
of viral proteins	14
the accumulation of	14
the impact of	14
in the genomes	14
of coronavirus hku	14
algv r x	14
have also been	14
a single gene	14
number of genomes	14
and can be	14
of viral pathogens	14
portion of the	14
the entire genome	14
of the polyprotein	14
there are two	14
parts of the	14
the high mutation	14
for infectious disease	14
in the course	14
the virus to	14
recombination in poliovirus	13
shown to be	13
in the s	13
the selection of	13
of poliovirus rna	13
resulted in the	13
development of a	13
based on a	13
in a cell	13
complete nucleotide sequence	13
domingo et al	13
of genes in	13
presence of a	13
the need to	13
of the sequence	13
as part of	13
by the viral	13
because of their	13
human adenovirus type	13
of the pan	13
the mechanism of	13
a wide range	13
the synthesis of	13
by a single	13
the surface of	13
the cost of	13
on a single	13
alignment of the	13
we find that	13
the effects of	13
only a single	13
for biotechnology information	13
more than one	13
the first time	13
replication of the	13
de novo assembly	13
from the same	13
the time of	13
identified in the	13
at the level	13
the complexity of	13
to each other	13
is essential for	13
suggest that the	13
view of the	13
genome sequences and	13
the order of	13
can be found	13
have to be	13
has also been	13
features of the	13
determined by the	13
of the genetic	13
genome size is	13
result of the	13
expression of a	13
of an rna	13
a combination of	13
the sequencing of	13
the national center	13
the type species	13
of the immune	13
in the population	13
of the data	13
to investigate the	12
some of these	12
in the past	12
the action of	12
a wide variety	12
knowledge of the	12
the same genome	12
the incorporation of	12
that they have	12
the amount of	12
of the major	12
genes that are	12
genome analysis of	12
for rna viruses	12
an analysis of	12
is an important	12
as an example	12
observed in the	12
amino acid substitutions	12
evolutionary history of	12
defective interfering particles	12
which may be	12
sequences in the	12
the black death	12
the viral rna	12
for each of	12
relative to the	12
the inserted sequence	12
it would be	12
between the two	12
could not be	12
only a small	12
the rate of	12
development of new	12
of the molecular	12
a viral genome	12
context of the	12
identification of a	12
are able to	12
hepatitis b virus	12
the beginning of	12
along with the	12
sequencing of the	12
to sequence the	12
the spike protein	12
of the gene	12
of inserted sequences	12
into the genome	12
depends on the	12
should be noted	12
the viral genomes	12
the mutant spectrum	12
isolated from the	12
of amino acid	12
of genes and	12
the type of	12
is likely that	12
the error rate	12
to provide a	12
of the population	12
a foreign gene	12
the form of	12
treponema pallidum subsp	12
in this chapter	12
serve as a	12
used as a	12
of the picornavirus	12
wide variety of	12
are present in	12
of escherichia coli	12
the range of	12
ends of the	12
contributed to the	12
of the total	11
and respiratory syndrome	11
formation of a	11
single nucleotide polymorphisms	11
that do not	11
an example of	11
may be a	11
with the genome	11
porcine reproductive and	11
mechanism by which	11
from the human	11
in the environment	11
play an important	11
as in the	11
of natural products	11
accumulation of mutations	11
what is the	11
member of the	11
the transmission of	11
of genes that	11
the structure and	11
in the future	11
is also a	11
which can be	11
is possible that	11
been shown that	11
of the species	11
has been reported	11
in the form	11
high levels of	11
the probability of	11
of quantitative trait	11
mutation rate and	11
viruses and their	11
the insertion of	11
origin of the	11
genome sequence data	11
the success of	11
the human microbiome	11
of the disease	11
the vast majority	11
sequence analysis of	11
number of mutations	11
compared to the	11
the site of	11
the coding region	11
contrast to the	11
reproductive and respiratory	11
that there are	11
presence of the	11
an increase in	11
the length of	11
nonreplicative rna recombination	11
be considered as	11
of genetic diversity	11
of thousands of	11
needs to be	11
were found to	11
genetic diversity of	11
tend to be	11
of the national	11
is similar to	11
hepatitis a virus	11
they have been	11
of a particular	11
and rna viruses	11
which is a	11
the protein coding	11
could be used	11
the immune system	11
play a role	11
strains of the	11
showed that the	11
is that of	11
is composed of	11
of genome replication	11
complexity of the	11
taxonomy of viruses	11
and his colleagues	11
the advent of	11
are known to	11
length of the	11
the design of	11
to generate a	11
the poliovirus genome	11
of the manuscript	11
have the same	11
of all the	11
has been the	11
and in vivo	11
proteins involved in	11
yet to be	11
be noted that	11
of a foreign	11
all of these	11
in this context	11
amino acid residues	10
in the consensus	10
properties of the	10
tools such as	10
herpes simplex virus	10
diseases such as	10
molecular epidemiology of	10
respiratory syncytial virus	10
is not clear	10
human genome research	10
to predict the	10
this process is	10
the nucleic acid	10
on the same	10
is determined by	10
of the nascent	10
more than a	10
of human adenovirus	10
ancient pathogen genomes	10
of the whole	10
is that the	10
been used to	10
the utility of	10
overlapping reading frames	10
viruses that are	10
in the public	10
genome of a	10
majority of the	10
to a new	10
a novel coronavirus	10
the history of	10
genome sequencing and	10
sites in the	10
salmonella enterica serovar	10
also known as	10
there are several	10
the potential of	10
multiple sequence alignment	10
known to be	10
in the first	10
c cd pr	10
avian influenza virus	10
drug and vaccine	10
genome segment reassortment	10
can only be	10
the genetic information	10
of the proteins	10
genomes from a	10
text text text	10
genomes have been	10
in a genome	10
such as those	10
be used as	10
in the laboratory	10
lead to a	10
overview of the	10
of a bacterial	10
a single nucleotide	10
genes in a	10
has been estimated	10
see for example	10
molecular mechanisms of	10
in the virus	10
the hypothesis that	10
is required for	10
amino acid sequence	10
with a high	10
be found in	10
resulted in a	10
of the inserted	10
basis of the	10
on the surface	10
proteins encoded by	10
the virus and	10
within the same	10
this is a	10
only a few	10
in the dna	10
vitro and in	10
in a viral	10
the sequences of	10
over the past	10
of ancient pathogen	10
human immunodefi ciency	10
the set of	10
the near future	10
andino et al	10
the genes in	10
are found in	10
may have been	10
in this way	10
surrounded by an	10
are responsible for	10
appeared to be	10
in this work	10
and so on	10
this can be	10
in the early	10
also be used	10
in the development	10
mueller and wimmer	10
is important for	10
density oligonucleotide arrays	10
comparative genomics of	10
a consequence of	10
of at least	10
is not the	10
suggests that the	10
added to the	10
this suggests that	10
viral and cellular	10
has led to	10
the spread of	10
history of the	10
note that the	10
genome sequencing projects	10
in the number	10
has recently been	10
to reduce the	10
as a reference	10
xiang et al	10
they can be	10
as shown in	10
classifi cation of	10
be involved in	10
the department of	10
the start of	10
the core genome	10
stability of the	10
that could be	10
similar to that	10
the source of	10
pan subsp pertenue	10
that rna viruses	10
of the other	10
that are not	10
that may be	10
the genetic basis	10
of an organism	10
to the presence	10
of the cellular	10
in hong kong	10
a tool for	10
gene expression and	10
sequence of an	10
those of the	10
natural products discovery	10
was found to	10
sequence of bacteriophage	9
defined as the	9
variation in the	9
viruses such as	9
inserted into the	9
of a given	9
half of the	9
of viruses and	9
that does not	9
and expression of	9
the first two	9
map of the	9
its ability to	9
the initiation of	9
completion of the	9
development of the	9
are similar to	9
this is the	9
in the poliovirus	9
in these cases	9
vast majority of	9
different types of	9
the conservation of	9
the creation of	9
of a species	9
genetic basis of	9
the sum of	9
c pr and	9
results of the	9
closely related species	9
genome to be	9
genome can be	9
to study the	9
the efficiency of	9
the human body	9
coronavirus hku was	9
a means to	9
the viral polymerase	9
in the clinic	9
on the array	9
and public health	9
genetic variation of	9
to the development	9
mouse hepatitis virus	9
a virus to	9
serves as a	9
have not been	9
is a single	9
the th century	9
the same as	9
be interesting to	9
information on the	9
is necessary to	9
horizontal gene transfer	9
respiratory syndrome virus	9
account for the	9
the fidelity of	9
was determined in	9
the host cell	9
in the near	9
other rna viruses	9
is thought to	9
of which are	9
of data and	9
large numbers of	9
multilocus sequence typing	9
in the formation	9
available at https	9
as a tool	9
of closely related	9
discussed in the	9
beginning of the	9
genes involved in	9
gene expression in	9
are difficult to	9
and in vitro	9
resulting in a	9
a group of	9
relative abundance of	9
it possible to	9
for the detection	9
of influenza virus	9
genome sequencing for	9
viruses with a	9
minimum hitting set	9
is encoded by	9
rate at which	9
that some of	9
this means that	9
is responsible for	9
is related to	9
the molecular mechanisms	9
the reference strain	9
suggesting that the	9
described in the	9
is difficult to	9
of the three	9
been developed to	9
of the influenza	9
to be involved	9
recombination between the	9
mutation rates for	9
invertebrate vectors of	9
that it is	9
to note that	9
the task of	9
be related to	9
be responsible for	9
the molecular basis	9
the integration of	9
between viruses and	9
the human population	9
an overview of	9
the basis for	9
of the mutation	9
stability of inserted	9
in this section	9
the possibility that	9
the involvement of	9
to estimate the	9
the introduction of	9
frequency of the	9
strains isolated from	9
the genome sequences	9
insertions and deletions	9
of adenovirus type	9
in rna virus	9
suggested that the	9
to the evolution	9
of the malaria	9
to meet the	9
been applied to	9
sequences can be	9
fact that the	9
of template switching	9
of the mechanisms	9
to understand the	9
have been found	9
compared with the	9
in infectious disease	9
local alignment search	9
analyses of the	9
the section on	9
viruses have been	9
genes related to	9
of a pathogen	9
sequences within the	9
the accuracy of	9
infectious disease informatics	9
included on the	9
the poliovirus polyprotein	9
in recent years	9
of more than	9
it will be	9
stranded dna viruses	9
implications for the	9
of the current	9
a collection of	9
in escherichia coli	9
at the end	9
the amino acid	9
genes responsible for	9
into a single	9
there is an	9
alignment search tool	9
china complete genome	9
the rate at	9
replicate their genomes	9
is the number	9
genome consists of	9
the sars coronavirus	9
basic local alignment	9
of a specific	9
mutation rates of	9
in genome replication	9
one or more	9
of genetic material	9
the cellular receptor	9
rna viruses is	9
tool for the	9
in the low	9
genome tiling arrays	9
has the potential	9
study of the	9
relationship between the	9
the genetic diversity	9
result in a	9
a lack of	9
initiation of translation	9
the evolutionary history	9
the regulation of	9
mutational analysis of	9
is able to	9
murine leukemia virus	9
strains in the	9
out of the	9
of deleterious mutations	9
the diagnosis of	9
as described earlier	9
been identified in	9
an understanding of	9
nm in diameter	9
in many cases	8
of these genes	8
a member of	8
the other two	8
contribute to the	8
has been identified	8
a prerequisite for	8
for the evolution	8
caused by a	8
a complete genome	8
recombination between rna	8
the larger the	8
in which they	8
of its genome	8
depend on the	8
of oligonucleotide arrays	8
a database of	8
of the replication	8
and does not	8
used for the	8
it is necessary	8
and comparative genomics	8
than that of	8
and genotyping of	8
the detection and	8
from the genome	8
around the world	8
of the sequences	8
the location of	8
genome sequencing project	8
of genomic data	8
integration into the	8
is present in	8
have been published	8
and pan subsp	8
the capacity of	8
to be highly	8
the transfer of	8
dynamics of the	8
of these data	8
of the replicative	8
in a given	8
type iii secretion	8
friedberg et al	8
the mechanism by	8
the properties of	8
genome research institute	8
to address the	8
of genomic and	8
the quality of	8
model of the	8
the nascent strand	8
in the process	8
morbidity and mortality	8
are the most	8
substitutions in the	8
of a universal	8
copies of the	8
pan subsp pallidum	8
and amino acid	8
of the original	8
is involved in	8
to the reference	8
of poliovirus in	8
there are a	8
genetic variation in	8
of the covid	8
the addition of	8
the capacity to	8
of virus genomes	8
rna and dna	8
of severe acute	8
with the size	8
of the sabin	8
each of these	8
were used to	8
in poliovirus rna	8
of the rice	8
national human genome	8
a change in	8
could lead to	8
bovine viral diarrhea	8
more and more	8
viral diarrhea virus	8
species of the	8
the problem of	8
case of the	8
corresponding to the	8
it is interesting	8
version of this	8
and the ability	8
viral and host	8
was used for	8
example of a	8
plays an important	8
group b streptococcus	8
viruses in the	8
is used to	8
of dna sequences	8
genome sequencing of	8
as described in	8
hepatitis delta virus	8
murine hepatitis virus	8
pais of subsp	8
better understanding of	8
of the organism	8
mechanisms by which	8
more likely to	8
middle east respiratory	8
is also possible	8
by an envelope	8
and maintenance of	8
the bacterium in	8
a subset of	8
deletion of the	8
which could be	8
be used in	8
of the strains	8
east respiratory syndrome	8
mechanism of rna	8
as a template	8
of dna sequence	8
of stem cells	8
and relative density	8
resulting in the	8
in the cell	8
the most important	8
the mitochondrial genome	8
relative abundance and	8
analysis of viral	8
functional elements in	8
was the first	8
high rate of	8
in the analysis	8
to find the	8
humans and pigs	8
agents of bioterrorism	8
the increase of	8
the dna sequence	8
in spite of	8
genome and the	8
led to a	8
and that the	8
human and animal	8
viruses have evolved	8
analysis of a	8
sequence can be	8
to better understand	8
level of the	8
of positive selection	8
most closely related	8
predicted to be	8
evolution of picornaviruses	8
round primers lpw	8
gmyl et al	8
used to identify	8
infectious bronchitis virus	8
the dynamics of	8
analysis of genetic	8
the query sequence	8
genomes in the	8
the public domain	8
of hepatitis c	8
of the dna	8
and hz shx	8
single nucleotide polymorphism	8
advantage of the	8
a viral population	8
the virus in	8
of the viruses	8
acid substitutions in	8
human genome sequence	8
the reconstruction of	8
insertion of a	8
to identify and	8
a powerful tool	8
terminus of the	8
the cause of	8
in case of	8
are composed of	8
course of evolution	8
regions in the	8
cao and wimmer	8
synthesis of the	8
across the genome	8
to be used	8
consistent with the	8
little is known	8
synthesis of a	8
to reach the	8
may lead to	8
be necessary to	8
sequencing the human	8
belong to the	8
the nucleotide sequence	8
and development of	8
homologous rna recombination	8
and diversity of	8
infl uenza virus	8
of the mutant	8
genome sequence and	8
the rna polymerase	8
were found in	8
indicates that the	8
of genomes of	8
a measure of	8
there is evidence	8
and the development	8
site of the	8
of the large	8
alv genome assembly	8
of the more	8
the comparison of	8
a genome is	8
the dpav genome	8
the list of	8
primers lpw lpw	8
and do not	8
was supported by	8
deletions in the	8
a model for	8
the treatment of	8
fas ii system	8
role of the	8
genomes can be	8
play important roles	8
over the last	8
the correlation between	8
have led to	8
of sequence data	8
genome as a	8
that most of	8
a web server	8
not found in	8
willemsen et al	8
linked to the	8
has been used	8
of porcine deltacoronavirus	8
due to their	8
samples of pigs	8
we will discuss	8
the activity of	8
the ends of	8
the case for	8
human genome was	8
in the current	8
of the global	8
in clinical microbiology	8
the ratio of	8
and function of	8
are in the	8
small number of	8
of this type	8
were able to	8
by at least	8
of viruses with	8
interactions between the	7
as a whole	7
nomoto et al	7
genetic recombination of	7
will lead to	7
closely related viruses	7
the reference genome	7
the recovery of	7
the primary structure	7
for a given	7
of an outbreak	7
the choice of	7
mutation rates in	7
on the nature	7
elements in the	7
genome sequencing in	7
for dna and	7
the value of	7
is not possible	7
the correlation function	7
report of the	7
the key to	7
of the capsid	7
to play a	7
a common ancestor	7
of the invention	7
in humans and	7
have evolved to	7
harber et al	7
in virus genomes	7
in the identification	7
assigned to an	7
group of viruses	7
escherichia coli k	7
gov dmid genomes	7
incorporated into the	7
a new era	7
assigned to the	7
leading to the	7
mutation and recombination	7
remains to be	7
absent in the	7
for gene therapy	7
viruses can be	7
the degree of	7
of the following	7
viruses of the	7
genome is the	7
example of this	7
is capable of	7
variations in the	7
to an order	7
the most widely	7
fragment of the	7
to the a	7
in the replication	7
another example of	7
being able to	7
rate of the	7
can act as	7
and complexity of	7
holland et al	7
of complete genome	7
not the only	7
have been a	7
the emcv ires	7
different levels of	7
that the genome	7
species in the	7
is shown in	7
viruses that have	7
sequence of mycobacterium	7
text texttext text	7
to the host	7
used in this	7
of this review	7
institutes of health	7
the replacement of	7
is dependent on	7
limited number of	7
the phylogenetic analysis	7
prokaryotic and eukaryotic	7
nejsum et al	7
are used to	7
has been suggested	7
known as the	7
whole genome sequences	7
an outbreak of	7
access to the	7
national institutes of	7
to provide the	7
kb sliding windows	7
and infectious diseases	7
to assume that	7
data generated by	7
the nuclear genomes	7
the exchange of	7
internal ribosome entry	7
the completion of	7
are shown in	7
can result in	7
database at ncbi	7
within a species	7
frequency of recombination	7
of a variety	7
the most likely	7
levels of the	7
are designed to	7
by homologous recombination	7
that in the	7
sequencing and analysis	7
as a means	7
to the other	7
have been sequenced	7
to obtain a	7
discovery of a	7
and they are	7
a virus with	7
li et al	7
as it is	7
estimated to be	7
a new genome	7
to be discovered	7
virus genomes are	7
does not require	7
amino acid substitution	7
the uncorrelated background	7
are unlikely to	7
the understanding of	7
viral mutation rates	7
brome mosaic virus	7
can be divided	7
is expected to	7
dependent rna polymerases	7
of the identified	7
there was no	7
protein coding regions	7
of the family	7
carried out in	7
total number of	7
data from the	7
extent to which	7
with a large	7
texttext text text	7
which have been	7
draft genome sequences	7
the physical genome	7
means that the	7
recombination in rna	7
been developed and	7
human genome is	7
sequence repeats in	7
an important factor	7
surface of the	7
not assigned to	7
for the analysis	7
among virus genomes	7
study of ancient	7
the prediction of	7
data on the	7
start of the	7
for a single	7
poliovirus rna replication	7
a virus that	7
some rna viruses	7
at the genome	7
of the form	7
is required to	7
rna virus genomes	7
common ancestor of	7
text text texttext	7
the reference sequence	7
the one hand	7
of virus evolution	7
avian infectious bronchitis	7
protein coding region	7
attached to the	7
are encoded by	7
genomes with the	7
in human and	7
genetic diversity within	7
has been applied	7
and consequences of	7
the relative abundance	7
diversity in the	7
studies on the	7
genome size of	7
located in the	7
fourier spectral density	7
portions of the	7
mutation rate is	7
a matter of	7
of the virion	7
is considered to	7
the characterization of	7
that will be	7
much of the	7
in which a	7
would like to	7
was observed in	7
given rise to	7
fraction of the	7
of the black	7
the nucleocapsid is	7
human genome in	7
has been made	7
is interesting to	7
provides insights into	7
to develop a	7
are based on	7
the genome to	7
sets of genes	7
a requirement for	7
human parvovirus b	7
genome organization of	7
recognition of the	7
it is now	7
can be considered	7
it does not	7
serogroup b meningococcus	7
emerging and re	7
most widely used	7
been estimated that	7
types of data	7
can be predicted	7
for the production	7
measure of the	7
paul et al	7
complete genome sequencing	7
genomics and transcriptomics	7
for all the	7
by the number	7
enterica serovar typhi	7
appear to have	7
been proposed that	7
the acquisition of	7
the rest of	7
and of the	7
the authors declare	7
important roles in	7
orders of magnitude	7
genes present in	7
mutation rates and	7
dependent on the	7
genetic analysis of	7
of mycobacterium tuberculosis	7
of the pathogen	7
example is the	7
in vivo and	7
introduction of the	7
to the public	7
lateral gene transfer	7
occurred in the	7
restricted to the	7
sequencing of a	7
evidence for the	7
a family of	7
the national institutes	7
for the discovery	7
are discussed in	7
were detected in	7
used to predict	7
it is still	7
there is also	7
in both the	7
they do not	7
supported by the	7
the first step	7
a gene that	7
of the high	7
in favor of	7
the assembly of	7
of staphylococcus aureus	7
have the potential	7
for infectious diseases	7
derived from a	7
used by the	7
do not have	7
agent of plague	7
nucleotide sequences of	7
example of the	7
been found in	7
immunodefi ciency virus	7
genomes of human	7
in genome size	7
and assembly of	7
a platform for	7
goal of the	7
at least two	7
of a protein	7
a list of	7
there are four	7
with that of	7
and treatment of	7
replication and pathogenesis	7
genome and singletons	7
of high mutation	7
elements of the	7
will also be	7
pizza et al	7
in all the	7
fold increase in	7
rna virus evolution	7
in other words	7
at the protein	7
this is true	7
sites of the	7
gene in the	7
model for the	7
the enveloping curve	7
of rna synthesis	7
in the reference	7
some of them	7
in an rna	7
on the one	7
as a single	7
of the individual	7
be carried out	7
these viruses have	7
of dna and	7
sequence of porcine	7
in the study	7
two of the	7
been associated with	7
part of a	7
abundance and relative	7
a region of	7
to be sequenced	7
coronavirus hku in	7
can be easily	7
but also for	7
together with the	7
and the number	7
mapping of the	7
the national human	7
focused on the	7
and the genome	7
a long time	7
can be achieved	7
their ability to	7
eradication of poliovirus	7
rna polymerase ii	7
are capable of	7
a bacterial genome	7
the significance of	7
large dna viruses	7
analysis of dna	6
characterization of a	6
of the experiment	6
of the proviral	6
and references therein	6
are the result	6
of the physical	6
be due to	6
maintenance of the	6
genomes and the	6
any of the	6
and approved the	6
rna viruses and	6
the age of	6
only one of	6
were subjected to	6
of the project	6
exon mutator phenotype	6
polymerase chain reaction	6
recombination in the	6
spectral density of	6
the viability of	6
bovine respiratory disease	6
omics alv genome	6
the genome at	6
of the information	6
lu et al	6
in the regulation	6
of infl uenza	6
the extent to	6
genome size in	6
within the genome	6
increase or decrease	6
of the evolution	6
be restricted to	6
is not required	6
to infer the	6
its genome size	6
a class of	6
of the main	6
from patients with	6
of mutation rates	6
associated with human	6
parasite plasmodium falciparum	6
density of ssrs	6
generated by the	6
in the subfamily	6
viruses may be	6
forms of the	6
subcellular localization of	6
will be discussed	6
and the second	6
as the number	6
substitutions per nucleotide	6
the hgp was	6
and their hosts	6
of outer membrane	6
the genes and	6
is not assigned	6
are part of	6
genome assembly al	6
contributing to the	6
in y axis	6
of point mutations	6
will provide a	6
for a number	6
is a major	6
participate in the	6
in this category	6
the capsid proteins	6
can then be	6
map of h	6
as the reference	6
be infected with	6
traits such as	6
the evolution and	6
sequences that are	6
can be made	6
plant rna viruses	6
to adapt to	6
the nature and	6
of viral sequences	6
the ssrs relative	6
functions of the	6
rate of rna	6
the idea of	6
selection of the	6
a reduction in	6
been used in	6
the bronze age	6
coronavirus hku strains	6
for prediction of	6
by which the	6
international committee on	6
zhou et al	6
genetic diversity and	6
are unable to	6
to form a	6
infl uenza viruses	6
might have been	6
and their associated	6
the risk of	6
unable to replicate	6
a comparison of	6
from pigs in	6
noncoding region of	6
to explore the	6
mapping and sequencing	6
variation of the	6
complete genomes of	6
in light of	6
in the late	6
of the c	6
the roslin institute	6
with regard to	6
novo assembly of	6
of west nile	6
in the next	6
and vice versa	6
of genomes and	6
and is a	6
the behavior of	6
respiratory disease in	6
winzeler et al	6
of human dna	6
consists of a	6
that contribute to	6
sequence accession jn	6
porcine epidemic diarrhea	6
to make the	6
for example the	6
large population sizes	6
primary structure of	6
it was shown	6
are examples of	6
it was also	6
correspond to the	6
capacity of the	6
in less than	6
response of the	6
human genome the	6
zwart et al	6
the rice genome	6
there are some	6
genome of an	6
the authors thank	6
of the sequencing	6
recombination has been	6
the two strains	6
in this review	6
in the detection	6
genetic recombination in	6
to explain the	6
by the orf	6
malaria parasite plasmodium	6
the best adapted	6
to give rise	6
to participate in	6
the performance of	6
with a single	6
the alignment of	6
of humans and	6
small genome size	6
of dna sequencing	6
very similar to	6
important factor in	6
as compared to	6
description of the	6
so that the	6
a human host	6
the rna genome	6
transcriptome map of	6
in silico rea	6
of rna genomes	6
for which no	6
genomic analysis of	6
cells of the	6
is believed that	6
neutralization antigenic sites	6
have been made	6
primordial germ cells	6
of molecular biology	6
and on the	6
the improvement of	6
genomes from the	6
of a recombinant	6
the same cell	6
been identified as	6
possible to identify	6
the control of	6
a whole genome	6
human microbiome project	6
in the sequence	6
type species of	6
to produce the	6
is known about	6
is surrounded by	6
to create a	6
the nucleus of	6
vectors of infectious	6
of nucleic acid	6
can be isolated	6
the genome level	6
the poliovirus ires	6
limited by the	6
other types of	6
which is an	6
would be interesting	6
for influenza virus	6
cannot be excluded	6
of the cell	6
a function of	6
have been isolated	6
whole genome amplification	6
into the viral	6
jex et al	6
to be an	6
range of genome	6
is defined as	6
position of the	6
rise to a	6
the window length	6
related to a	6
craig venter institute	6
because of its	6
able to replicate	6
of herpes simplex	6
fecal samples of	6
diversity of sars	6
in foxtail millet	6
by the year	6
coding region for	6
to determine whether	6
we have used	6
in the latter	6
to evaluate the	6
state of the	6
that they are	6
mechanisms of genetic	6
that the high	6
high frequency of	6
the position of	6
it is thought	6
to analyze the	6
can be identified	6
lethal mutagenesis of	6
rates of rna	6
infectious disease diagnosis	6
scale sequencing of	6
early stages of	6
have been reported	6
is thought that	6
relative density of	6
of the template	6
diversity can be	6
the malaria parasite	6
it is difficult	6
or absence of	6
ancient pathogen dna	6
the online version	6
diversity within a	6
on taxonomy of	6
structure of poliovirus	6
for template switching	6
to be able	6
of rna editing	6
processing of the	6
for viral replication	6
the release of	6
the origins of	6
in the regions	6
and invertebrate vectors	6
bioinformatics resource centers	6
available to the	6
of the ires	6
rna or dna	6
of a large	6
that the most	6
to the scientific	6
to have a	6
and lack of	6
viral genome is	6
wide association study	6
trait loci for	6
grain protein content	6
are currently being	6
component of the	6
in the meantime	6
isolation and characterization	6
in relation to	6
multiplicity of infection	6
the genome that	6
to accelerate the	6
nonhomologous rna recombination	6
should also be	6
to identify novel	6
quality of the	6
of rna molecules	6
from the template	6
a strain of	6
the same or	6
fidelity of the	6
inside the cell	6
of simple sequence	6
been detected in	6
that the two	6
sequence of pseudomonas	6
read and approved	6
virus replication and	6
of drug resistance	6
central nervous system	6
potential to be	6
to be more	6
in hepatitis c	6
infl uenza a	6
of the university	6
as the first	6
a method for	6
a study of	6
studies suggest that	6
d p is	6
that affect the	6
coding region of	6
sequence of yersinia	6
southern china complete	6
with an average	6
according to their	6
presence or absence	6
set of genes	6
to the viral	6
borevitz et al	6
fatty acid synthesis	6
in the u	6
and the host	6
sfav a orf	6
it could be	6
annotation of the	6
may be the	6
genome from the	6
translation of the	6
of amino acids	6
is not known	6
a small number	6
sequences from the	6
of acute respiratory	6
without prior knowledge	6
were present in	6
natural history of	6
in vertebrate genomes	6
found in all	6
the recognition of	6
of genes are	6
conserved noncoding sequences	6
version of the	6
poliovirus can be	6
betson et al	6
of foreign genes	6
the eradication of	6
the loss of	6
jx usa ak	6
point of view	6
is a prerequisite	6
viruses have a	6
with high accuracy	6
vertebrates and invertebrates	6
in kb sliding	6
the orf of	6
the microbial pan	6
to have the	6
of whole genome	6
to support the	6
in any of	6
it is believed	6
epidemic diarrhea virus	6
considered agents of	6
disease caused by	6
shown in fig	6
corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis strain	6
it appears that	6
be divided into	6
belonging to different	6
with the development	6
be possible to	6
for the treatment	6
rest of the	6
source of the	6
infectious disease genomics	6
of human influenza	6
human parainfluenza virus	6
of d p	6
the total number	6
was found in	6
are important for	6
the genomic diversity	6
pertenue and endemicum	6
the potential for	6
human respiratory syncytial	6
will not be	6
a strategy to	6
fly and worm	6
the types of	6
differences of ssrs	6
are surrounded by	6
been developed for	6
information about the	6
this may be	6
in the order	6
that cannot be	6
comparative analyses of	6
consists in the	6
be exploited to	6
sequences of two	6
and to identify	6
the strength of	6
be transferred to	6
online version of	6
altmeyer et al	6
and structure of	6
would be the	6
of pathogenicity islands	6
the coding potential	6
for each genome	6
identification and characterization	6
were associated with	6
pallidum and pan	6
tobacco mosaic virus	6
with the advent	6
detection and genotyping	6
web server for	6
the maximum likelihood	6
of viral replication	6
shed light on	6
variation of viruses	6
this indicates that	6
characteristic of the	6
from the host	6
mutation in the	6
consequence of the	6
in the evolutionary	6
respiratory tract infections	6
production of a	6
of the bacterial	6
belongs to the	6
rapid evolution of	6
like to thank	6
in the data	6
in rna synthesis	6
of the remaining	6
at both ends	6
methods such as	6
was identified in	6
indicating that the	6
the complete mitochondrial	6
was used as	6
is a powerful	6
proportional to the	6
to be expressed	6
considered as a	6
the susceptibility to	6
the public health	6
time of writing	6
sequence of staphylococcus	6
using the same	6
for analysis of	6
the genomes and	6
expected to be	6
viral genomes is	6
the host organism	6
of the microbial	6
part of this	6
the common ancestor	6
its role in	6
to the same	6
the concept of	6
initial sequencing and	6
the complete dataset	6
interfering particles of	6
the genome with	6
was shown that	6
a new host	6
integrated into the	6
a key role	6
genetic diversity in	6
to the virus	6
revealed that the	6
to generate the	6
genome sequences from	6
in a clinical	6
the biology of	6
wide association studies	6
the genome in	6
genome sequence is	6
to target the	6
complete mitochondrial genomes	6
we would like	6
shown that the	6
subsp pallidum and	6
of viruses in	6
the genomes are	6
virus to the	6
have been the	6
the fas ii	6
found in a	6
larger than the	6
the molecular level	6
of spontaneous mutation	6
by more than	6
as a consequence	6
transmission of a	6
of the sra	6
of mutations that	6
the present study	6
mutation and selection	6
a wealth of	6
the locations of	6
global burden of	6
caused by the	6
proteins in the	6
the inserted gene	6
away from the	6
a reference genome	6
while the other	6
the organization of	6
the genome d	6
no competing interests	6
was not the	6
all strains of	6
necessary for the	6
one of these	6
a single probe	5
domain of the	5
pilipenko et al	5
the complete genomes	5
etiologic agent of	5
sites of recombination	5
vary inversely with	5
interaction with the	5
the original variables	5
a reference database	5
to more than	5
it cannot be	5
the appearance of	5
which do not	5
some of which	5
of coxsackievirus b	5
sequences at the	5
wide analysis of	5
on the virus	5
of genome sequence	5
are available at	5
of defective genomes	5
which is not	5
the stationary state	5
the gene that	5
as vectors for	5
depth of coverage	5
back to the	5
a maximum of	5
all the genomes	5
for the generation	5
protein content and	5
of core genes	5
associated with an	5
adaptive value of	5
the attenuation phenotype	5
iii secretion system	5
large amounts of	5
and hepatitis c	5
the gene expression	5
the world health	5
host range and	5
and the emergence	5
minimum number of	5
human genome sequencing	5
vivo and in	5
evolutionary genetics analysis	5
steps involved in	5
complete viral genomes	5
drought tolerance in	5
associated with severe	5
of the decade	5
apart from the	5
committee on taxonomy	5
used in a	5
the virus has	5
suum and a	5
genomes to be	5
be found at	5
organisms such as	5
viral genome in	5
virus genomes from	5
within and between	5
release of the	5
world health organization	5
contributes to the	5
is regulated by	5
the mode of	5
the global distribution	5
and they have	5
rna virus populations	5
recombination in a	5
the two nasopharyngeal	5
oryza sativa l	5
that can infect	5
the differences of	5
in bacterial genomes	5
the number and	5
replacement of the	5
affected by the	5
set of sequences	5
tend to have	5
the genes that	5
bacterium isolated from	5
to be identified	5
at the beginning	5
coding and non	5
in each of	5
of the next	5
th century ce	5
well as other	5
in the utr	5
in the range	5
percent of the	5
conservation of the	5
and high throughput	5
have contributed to	5
of the corresponding	5
associated with fatal	5
relationship between ssrs	5
coding regions of	5
a viral rna	5
of gene families	5
as a function	5
are thought to	5
in the breeding	5
that the genetic	5
increase in mutation	5
focus on the	5
a recent study	5
single nucleotide resolution	5
the incidence of	5
evidence that the	5
protein that is	5
can be directly	5
generation of a	5
all analyzed viruses	5
for synthesis of	5
to assess the	5
does not necessarily	5
was shown to	5
rates and frequencies	5
in most cases	5
subset of the	5
generation sequencing data	5
genome structures and	5
the exon mutator	5
growth of the	5
reads per base	5
there are also	5
comparative sequence analyses	5
toyoda et al	5
was thought to	5
the fi rst	5
promising target for	5
and there are	5
form of the	5
determination of the	5
fixation of mutations	5
provided by the	5
as a first	5
of genomic science	5
that contains the	5
the functional elements	5
of sindbis virus	5
evolutionary genomics of	5
a new environment	5
and it has	5
viral genomes and	5
was also found	5
be the case	5
but also the	5
genetic information is	5
on the human	5
are not well	5
of viruses is	5
origin of ichnoviruses	5
strains from the	5
genetic variability and	5
the nasopharyngeal samples	5
the integrity of	5
are susceptible to	5
of the international	5
the next generation	5
been used for	5
an even more	5
they are not	5
singh et al	5
to ensure that	5
illustrated in figure	5
of population structure	5
of foxtail millet	5
the consequence of	5
with each other	5
nucleic acid sequences	5
in the evolution	5
which results in	5
remain to be	5
similar to each	5
to characterize the	5
section on evolution	5
age of natural	5
has contributed to	5
equal to the	5
molecular evolution of	5
high level of	5
there will be	5
have now been	5
viral genomes were	5
viral rna genomes	5
be part of	5
and management of	5
viral rna synthesis	5
impact of the	5
a better understanding	5
a host cell	5
of human genome	5
genetic and biochemical	5
niaid category a	5
of nonreplicative rna	5
has been successfully	5
for invertebrate vector	5
the sabin strains	5
within the rna	5
genome annotation pipeline	5
the command line	5
the processing of	5
of genes from	5
sequence data and	5
a patient with	5
the genetic code	5
to tile the	5
in which it	5
basis of resistance	5
that the genomes	5
the evaluation of	5
in the new	5
the abundance of	5
orf of the	5
comparative genomics and	5
been completely sequenced	5
the genomic context	5
of microbial species	5
of murine hepatitis	5
in the history	5
from the national	5
well as by	5
that is similar	5
the most commonly	5
the presence or	5
noted that the	5
of which was	5
in the sars	5
each other and	5
the mutation frequency	5
in a separate	5
for thousands of	5
and d p	5
consisting of the	5
various types of	5
to those of	5
is referred to	5
for this study	5
the pathogenesis of	5
of a complete	5
may be able	5
in cultured cells	5
only of the	5
is divided into	5
is a web	5
genome structural annotation	5
the other strains	5
that are difficult	5
with the following	5
from studies of	5
coronavirus nonstructural protein	5
for further analysis	5
not lead to	5
at the university	5
genome sequencing has	5
the viruses that	5
more complex than	5
the infection cycle	5
lateral gene transfers	5
differ from the	5
could also be	5
sequence of sv	5
maintained in the	5
crop improvement programmes	5
african bovine rotaviruses	5
possible that the	5
will depend on	5
jx tw tw	5
of vesicular stomatitis	5
of the latter	5
academy of sciences	5
does not contain	5
and the human	5
of the standard	5
well as in	5
gene finding algorithms	5
of the d	5
new insights into	5
of the queue	5
possible to assume	5
the modencode project	5
insertions or deletions	5
the panarray algorithm	5
hemorrhagic fever syndromes	5
hidden markov model	5
in any case	5
of the cns	5
of the correlation	5
and phylogenetic analysis	5
associated with disease	5
discovery of novel	5
a swarm of	5
to maximize the	5
and whole genome	5
in fecal samples	5
of all possible	5
bacterial fatty acid	5
to account for	5
is designed to	5
a fast and	5
cq and hz	5
review of the	5
the percentage of	5
close to the	5
with the goal	5
of the primary	5
authors read and	5
there are three	5
the de novo	5
from one template	5
number of clusters	5
of the s	5
all types of	5
the p region	5
even if the	5
were published in	5
at the early	5
of chagas disease	5
or response to	5
not required for	5
it had been	5
genes and the	5
of viral and	5
a broad range	5
leads to a	5
case of a	5
by using the	5
is the type	5
absence of a	5
with the human	5
for the virus	5
live attenuated vaccines	5
in a variety	5
at the national	5
included in this	5
cells with the	5
look at the	5
was carried out	5
million years ago	5
the genome into	5
different modes of	5
both of these	5
to maintain the	5
rna polymerase d	5
is consistent with	5
of the phage	5
ssrs relative abundance	5
of the complexity	5
all forms of	5
thousands of genes	5
provide an overview	5
the transition to	5
than in the	5
heterozygous and homozygous	5
that the number	5
the foreign gene	5
consisting of a	5
small fraction of	5
the transcriptome map	5
the internal ribosomal	5
the purpose of	5
the malaria mosquito	5
studies of the	5
of candidate genes	5
function in the	5
assembled from metagenomes	5
microbial sequencing centers	5
powerful tool to	5
enabled us to	5
is known to	5
viruses belonging to	5
the difference between	5
families in the	5
can be determined	5
loss of infectivity	5
of which is	5
a viral infection	5
are used for	5
and the viral	5
has resulted in	5
number of studies	5
canine distemper virus	5
well as for	5
applied to the	5
and annotation of	5