bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
intensive care	1103
critically ill	1063
ill patients	792
acute respiratory	690
critical care	670
mechanical ventilation	667
septic shock	608
care unit	599
respiratory distress	456
distress syndrome	423
respiratory failure	416
hospital mortality	349
icu admission	349
risk factors	343
lung injury	335
cardiac arrest	315
icu patients	287
patients admitted	287
organ failure	249
critical illness	238
severe sepsis	223
mechanically ventilated	211
day mortality	209
icu stay	203
mortality rate	202
two groups	201
observational study	199
cohort study	191
sofa score	189
acquired pneumonia	188
systematic review	187
significantly higher	185
crit care	184
severe acute	182
respiratory syndrome	181
doc id	177
cord uid	177
care doi	177
organ dysfunction	175
adult patients	170
acute lung	168
apache ii	162
respiratory tract	160
ards patients	157
membrane oxygenation	154
hospitalized patients	153
ml kg	151
extracorporeal membrane	150
kidney injury	147
ventilated patients	146
control group	145
coronavirus disease	144
acute kidney	143
care units	139
among patients	138
emergency department	138
signifi cant	137
randomized controlled	137
associated pneumonia	136
statistically significant	136
risk factor	134
additional file	133
signifi cantly	130
brain injury	129
fi rst	127
renal replacement	126
springer nature	125
institutional affiliations	125
inflammatory response	125
nature remains	125
published maps	125
jurisdictional claims	125
patients undergoing	125
remains neutral	125
tidal volume	125
cardiac surgery	124
logistic regression	123
significant difference	122
replacement therapy	121
novel coronavirus	119
septic patients	118
clinical practice	117
high risk	117
patients without	115
mean age	115
controlled trial	112
influenza virus	111
patients receiving	111
severe disease	110
care medicine	108
mortality rates	108
blood pressure	108
note springer	107
competing interests	107
present study	105
patients received	105
pao fio	105
university hospital	105
retrospective study	105
informed consent	104
study period	103
clinical outcomes	102
clinical characteristics	102
clinical trial	101
fluid balance	101
primary outcome	99
mg kg	99
icu mortality	99
ii score	98
patients treated	97
significantly lower	97
within hours	96
blood flow	95
virus infection	94
cuff leak	94
fl uid	93
multiple organ	92
performed using	92
hospital stay	92
hospital discharge	91
spontaneous breathing	91
mg dl	90
authors declare	90
invasive mechanical	90
health care	90
confidence interval	89
respiratory support	89
pandemic influenza	89
final manuscript	88
failure assessment	88
prone positioning	88
avian influenza	88
immune response	87
heart failure	87
least one	87
fluid resuscitation	86
respiratory rate	86
increased mortality	86
lower respiratory	86
factors associated	85
prospective observational	85
significant differences	84
nasal cannula	84
leak test	84
renal failure	84
adverse events	84
previous studies	83
included patients	83
inclusion criteria	82
antibiotic therapy	81
hospital admission	80
viral load	79
diff erence	79
ng ml	78
syndrome coronavirus	77
flow nasal	77
oxygen therapy	77
severe covid	76
statistical analysis	75
ethics approval	75
regression analysis	75
expiratory pressure	75
eff ect	75
invasive ventilation	74
prospective study	74
hospital cardiac	74
clinical trials	74
traumatic brain	73
body weight	73
odds ratio	73
authors read	72
reactive protein	72
arterial pressure	72
retrospective cohort	71
animal models	71
diff erent	71
ethics committee	71
central venous	71
higher mortality	71
sequential organ	71
severe ards	71
mean arterial	70
interquartile range	70
acute physiology	70
patients requiring	69
increased risk	69
heart rate	69
pulmonary disease	68
antimicrobial therapy	68
lung biopsy	67
multivariate analysis	67
positive end	67
shock patients	67
endothelial cells	67
independently associated	66
high mortality	66
life support	66
blood gas	65
chronic obstructive	65
icu length	65
induced lung	65
united states	65
predictive value	65
corticosteroid treatment	65
median age	65
noninvasive ventilation	65
years old	64
secondary outcomes	64
free days	63
exclusion criteria	63
sample size	63
epithelial cells	63
infl ammatory	63
retrospective analysis	62
icu discharge	62
middle east	62
infl ammation	62
tidal volumes	61
one patient	61
may also	60
converting enzyme	60
obstructive pulmonary	60
machine learning	59
ecmo support	59
independent risk	59
infection control	59
severe respiratory	58
consecutive patients	58
platelet count	58
east respiratory	58
infectious diseases	58
standard deviation	58
controlled trials	58
within days	58
baseline characteristics	58
arterial blood	57
blood samples	57
pg ml	57
surgical patients	57
patients infected	56
respiratory syncytial	56
berlin definition	56
dead space	56
viral pneumonia	56
gene expression	55
data analysis	55
disease severity	55
hospital length	55
airway pressure	55
data collection	55
endotracheal tube	54
first hours	54
bronchoalveolar lavage	54
open lung	54
two patients	54
randomized clinical	54
clinical features	54
pilot study	54
eff ects	54
clinical course	54
hmgb mab	53
pseudomonas aeruginosa	53
study group	53
time points	53
case series	52
infected patients	52
partial pressure	52
syncytial virus	52
cardiac output	52
related ards	52
myocardial infarction	52
prospective cohort	51
ali ards	51
airway obstruction	51
receiver operating	51
current study	51
angiotensin ii	50
growth factor	50
blood glucose	50
severe cap	50
significantly different	49
identifi ed	49
survival rate	49
obese patients	49
observational studies	49
patients hospitalized	49
poor outcome	49
endothelial cell	49
host response	49
extubation failure	48
diff erences	48
defi cient	48
oxygen saturation	48
patients may	48
sepsis patients	48
cmv reactivation	47
propensity score	47
atrial fibrillation	47
cytokine storm	47
necrosis factor	47
alveolar macrophages	47
staphylococcus aureus	47
dex group	47
lung disease	47
drug delivery	47
respiratory system	47
cardiac injury	46
coronary artery	46
kg min	46
systemic inflammatory	46
collected data	46
fio ratio	46
pressure support	46
acute renal	45
fl ow	45
multicenter study	45
defi ned	45
care patients	45
public health	45
neurological outcome	45
regression model	45
risk patients	45
month period	45
per patient	44
healthy volunteers	44
viral shedding	44
high peep	44
continuous variables	44
significantly increased	44
tumor necrosis	44
cardiogenic shock	44
chronic health	44
antiviral treatment	44
ml min	44
blood transfusion	44
cardiopulmonary bypass	43
analysis showed	43
patient care	43
electrical impedance	43
hypoxemic respiratory	43
first days	43
ards group	43
nervous system	43
medical records	43
enrolled patients	42
may lead	42
retrospective observational	42
impedance tomography	42
critical patients	42
seasonal influenza	41
severe influenza	41
pulmonary embolism	41
world health	41
saps ii	41
systemic inflammation	41
immune responses	41
cant diff	41
elderly patients	41
ang tie	40
age years	40
rib fixation	40
renal function	40
healthy controls	40
clinical data	40
cardiopulmonary resuscitation	40
fi ndings	40
pulmonary edema	40
icu admissions	40
eff ective	40
hospital death	40
red blood	39
primary endpoint	39
randomized trial	39
significantly associated	39
trauma patients	39
decision making	39
statistical significance	39
mortality among	39
may help	39
medical center	39
demographic data	39
prognostic value	39
chain reaction	38
carbon dioxide	38
extubation airway	38
blood loss	38
polymerase chain	38
included studies	38
cognitive dysfunction	38
urine output	38
inflammatory cytokines	38
adverse effects	37
healthy subjects	37
measured using	37
viral replication	37
unit patients	37
univariate analysis	37
streptococcus pneumoniae	37
overall mortality	37
intervention group	37
ill patient	37
innate immune	37
health evaluation	37
icu beds	37
serum creatinine	37
six patients	37
treatment failure	37
health organization	37
polymicrobial aetiology	37
corresponding author	37
medical patients	36
lung ultrasound	36
antibiotic treatment	36
influenza viruses	36
influenza pandemic	36
whole blood	36
operating characteristic	36
maltophilia hap	36
cient mice	36
inflammatory mediators	36
ill adults	36
severe patients	36
patients included	36
intracranial pressure	36
response syndrome	36
high flow	35
polymicrobial pneumonia	35
surviving sepsis	35
surgical icu	35
viral infection	35
four patients	35
blood cell	35
prone position	35
medical intensive	35
plasma levels	35
identify patients	35
higher risk	35
ischemic stroke	35
patient outcomes	35
term mortality	35
bacterial infection	35
acute myocardial	34
energy expenditure	34
hong kong	34
computed tomography	34
ang ii	34
roc curve	34
body mass	34
determine whether	34
diffuse alveolar	34
lung volume	34
serum levels	34
reasonable request	34
recent studies	34
oxygen delivery	34
commonly used	33
assessed using	33
stenotrophomonas maltophilia	33
study design	33
like receptor	33
clinical studies	33
nebulised heparin	33
lung cancer	33
analyzed using	33
antimicrobial treatment	33
icu los	33
poor prognosis	33
severe cases	33
airway management	33
three patients	33
may improve	33
lung compliance	33
influenza infection	33
physiology score	33
one study	33
requiring mechanical	33
patients aged	32
central nervous	32
emergency medicine	32
cov infection	32
sepsis campaign	32
previously reported	32
significantly reduced	32
study included	32
alveolar damage	32
categorical variables	32
driving pressure	32
several studies	32
thoracic society	32
patients using	32
copd patients	32
tertiary care	32
left ventricular	32
mass index	32
type i	31
cc sha	31
drotrecogin alfa	31
diagnostic accuracy	31
inspired oxygen	31
risk stratification	31
previous study	31
lung tissue	31
fluid overload	31
immune system	31
institutional review	31
organ system	30
blood cells	30
linear regression	30
year period	30
nitric oxide	30
patient safety	30
day survival	30
cox regression	30
mdr pathogens	30
severely ill	30
shear modulus	30
niv group	30
mainland china	30
exact test	30
significant decrease	30
median time	30
patients died	30
healthcare workers	30
case report	30
pulmonary dysfunction	30
may contribute	30
lung function	30
lung microbiome	30
statistically signifi	30
data suggest	30
nosocomial infections	30
fluid administration	30
ecmo patients	30
serum iron	30
ventilatory support	30
patients showed	30
nursing staff	30
support ventilation	29
patient population	29
association studies	29
respiratory infections	29
ventilator settings	29
higher levels	29
may cause	29
gut microbiota	29
calculated using	29
rrt group	29
considered statistically	29
simplified acute	29
therapeutic hypothermia	29
influenza pneumonia	29
surgery patients	29
organ injury	29
icu group	29
disease control	29
practice guidelines	29
significant increase	29
abdominal surgery	29
month mortality	29
hfnc group	29
stroke volume	29
large number	29
even though	29
muscle mass	28
study aimed	28
confidence intervals	28
acute care	28
body temperature	28
prospectively collected	28
coronary angiography	28
scoring system	28
care services	28
may reduce	28
severe pneumonia	28
icu survivors	28
requiring icu	28
mortality risk	28
infectious disease	28
prospective randomized	28
pulmonary artery	28
study showed	28
lactate dehydrogenase	28
cause mortality	28
aerosol therapy	28
family members	28
gene transfer	28
patients presenting	28
severe community	28
improved survival	28
mild disease	28
ex vivo	28
many patients	28
viral rna	27
acute hypoxemic	27
sofa scores	27
diabetes mellitus	27
acute phase	27
poor outcomes	27
observational cohort	27
chest wall	27
may result	27
supplementary information	27
heart disease	27
review board	27
older patients	27
continuous renal	27
stage aki	27
side effects	27
endotracheal intubation	27
corticosteroid therapy	27
group compared	27
medical icu	27
innate immunity	27
respiratory viruses	27
important role	27
year mortality	27
clinical outcome	27
respiratory disease	27
correlation coefficient	27
study protocol	27
positive airway	27
oxygen desaturation	27
clinically relevant	27
previously described	26
type ii	26
enteral nutrition	26
recent study	26
independent predictor	26
united kingdom	26
therapeutic anticoagulation	26
acinetobacter baumannii	26
gene therapy	26
hospital survival	26
final version	26
upper respiratory	26
written informed	26
exhaled air	26
independent predictors	26
study reported	26
compartment syndrome	26
brainstem dysfunction	26
aki stage	26
ammatory response	26
rank test	26
coronavirus pneumonia	26
three groups	26
tie system	26
ct scan	26
hospital los	26
artery bypass	26
aerosol delivery	26
randomised controlled	26
blood oxygen	26
symptom onset	26
thrombin generation	26
protective ventilation	26
pneumonia patients	26
host defense	25
th cells	25
venous catheter	25
general icu	25
bone marrow	25
hoc analysis	25
final approval	25
icu care	25
abdominal compartment	25
cantly higher	25
days vs	25
every hours	25
mitochondrial dna	25
tract infection	25
university hospitals	25
ill covid	25
real time	25
early detection	25
prolonged mechanical	25
compared using	25
fi brinogen	25
cardiac index	25
nosocomial pneumonia	25
subgroup analysis	25
spontaneous circulation	25
induced pneumonia	25
multivariate logistic	25
systematic reviews	25
enteral feeding	25
oxidative stress	25
common cause	25
emergency room	25
per day	25
flow oxygen	25
mean difference	25
severe hypoxemia	25
airway epithelial	24
cardiovascular disease	24
viral infections	24
extracorporeal life	24
low risk	24
disseminated intravascular	24
confi rmed	24
fluid responsiveness	24
survival rates	24
pct levels	24
information accompanies	24
escherichia coli	24
brain death	24
intravascular coagulation	24
success rate	24
treated mice	24
suspected infection	24
maltophilia pneumonia	24
randomly assigned	24
white blood	24
confirmed covid	24
eff ectiveness	24
see table	24
ace expression	24
small sample	24
blood cultures	24
directed therapy	24
american thoracic	24
monoclonal antibody	24
cytokine levels	24
immunocompromised patients	24
statistical analyses	24
study clinical	24
severity scores	24
single center	24
general hospital	24
wide range	24
patient characteristics	24
patients required	24
low levels	24
negative bacteria	24
severe illness	24
working group	24
electronic medical	24
gas exchange	24
reference introduction	24
ii scores	23
regression analyses	23
coronavirus infection	23
mcg kg	23
saudi arabia	23
vascular endothelial	23
diseases society	23
intubation rate	23
two different	23
rsv lrtd	23
glasgow coma	23
patients underwent	23
care workers	23
data collected	23
positive patients	23
related organ	23
among critically	23
plasma concentrations	23
host immune	23
new zealand	23
lung infl	23
vital signs	23
polymicrobial sepsis	23
kidney disease	23
syndromic rm	23
cap patients	23
hfot niv	23
inflammatory responses	23
myocardial injury	23
gut microbiome	23
clinical decision	23
descriptive study	23
normal range	23
cystic fibrosis	23
influenza patients	23
patient outcome	23
infl uence	23
systemic corticosteroids	23
empirical antimicrobial	23
early diagnosis	23
coma scale	23
widely used	23
positive pressure	23
cohort studies	23
rbc transfusion	23
average age	23
case reports	23
first day	23
lung parenchyma	23
lactate levels	23
quality improvement	23
may explain	23
significant reduction	23
severity score	23
analysed using	22
iah acs	22
patient populations	22
hemodynamic instability	22
interstitial pneumonia	22
high levels	22
inhalation injury	22
head injury	22
binding protein	22
abdominal hypertension	22
clinical research	22
teaching hospital	22
pleural effusion	22
early identification	22
pressure ventilation	22
shock reversal	22
bacterial infections	22
severe traumatic	22
network meta	22
acute illness	22
another study	22
postoperative period	22
disease non	22
higher rate	22
negative predictive	22
patient groups	22
may increase	22
assessment method	22
nutritional support	22
controlled study	22
respiratory mechanics	22
air dispersion	22
adverse outcomes	22
time point	22
flow rate	22
blood culture	22
supplementary material	22
excluded patients	22
clinical signs	22
antibiotic resistance	22
comorbidity index	22
intubated patients	22
venous blood	22
hemodynamic parameters	22
seven patients	22
cell count	22
longer duration	22
peripheral blood	21
study conducted	21
pulmonary complications	21
post hoc	21
pulmonary hypertension	21
cancer patients	21
cognitive impairment	21
regression models	21
individual patient	21
patient data	21
remains unclear	21
cox proportional	21
secondary endpoints	21
scoring systems	21
neuromuscular blocking	21
th day	21
international guidelines	21
tract infections	21
space fraction	21
included trials	21
study population	21
lymphocyte count	21
tertiary hospital	21
also found	21
neuromuscular blockers	21
cytokine production	21
pulmonary vascular	21
immune cells	21
disease icu	21
fatal cases	21
worse outcomes	21
electronic health	21
see additional	21
blunt chest	21
hazard ratio	21
novel influenza	21
may provide	21
hand hygiene	21
gold standard	21
icu treatment	21
skeletal muscle	21
organ function	21
cisatracurium infusion	21
strongly associated	21
diffi cult	21
care physicians	21
blood gases	21
pupillary light	21
table shows	21
processed eeg	21
expiratory lung	21
pulmonary infection	21
results suggest	21
higher incidence	21
nosocomial infection	21
european society	21
mouse model	21
vascular permeability	20
beneficial effect	20
author details	20
group i	20
arterial oxygen	20
positive fluid	20
chest pain	20
aci group	20
functional status	20
liver failure	20
nine patients	20
icu setting	20
plateau pressure	20
alveolar epithelial	20
klebsiella pneumoniae	20
muscle weakness	20
immune status	20
surfactant protein	20
study aims	20
inflammatory cytokine	20
cfu ml	20
prognostic factors	20
without ards	20
hypercapnic respiratory	20
supportive care	20
hemorrhagic shock	20
kg hour	20
placebo group	20
plasminogen activator	20
lower mortality	20
co removal	20
illness severity	20
worse outcome	20
microbial metabolites	20
neurologic outcome	20
results indicate	20
continuous infusion	20
activated protein	20
clinical presentation	20
multivariable logistic	20
chronic respiratory	20
negative correlation	20
injury severity	20
icu delirium	20
initial fluid	20
lymphocyte ratio	20
study shows	20
fi brosis	20
onset atrial	20
literature search	20
patients compared	20
significant improvement	20
also observed	20
cumulative fluid	19
healthcare providers	19
inflammatory markers	19
laryngeal edema	19
life care	19
care setting	19
severe tbi	19
conventional oxygen	19
median duration	19
tissue perfusion	19
aged years	19
longer icu	19
first time	19
deep sedation	19
significantly decreased	19
generalized linear	19
mobility group	19
ill children	19
protective equipment	19
prothrombin time	19
respiratory symptoms	19
five patients	19
patients suffering	19
regional strain	19
abdominal wall	19
infl uenza	19
group versus	19
acute coronary	19
medical care	19
spontaneously breathing	19
demographic characteristics	19
infected pneumonia	19
brain tissue	19
polymicrobial etiology	19
ecmo initiation	19
died within	19
epithelial cell	19
recent years	19
tissue oxygenation	19
ug ml	19
patients years	19
medical university	19
significant correlation	19
higher doses	19
patients whose	19
medical history	19
time course	19
rectus femoris	19
antiviral therapy	19
bacterial sepsis	19
breathing trial	19
successful extubation	19
external validation	19
positive association	19
respiratory infection	19
combination therapy	19
organ transplant	19
care resources	19
kcal day	19
emergency physicians	19
mortality compared	19
investigate whether	19
hiv infection	19
median icu	19
hemodynamic monitoring	19
renal disease	19
defined according	18
blocking agents	18
group showed	18
determined using	18
future studies	18
liver disease	18
shear wave	18
emergency medical	18
study demonstrated	18
survival benefit	18
outcome data	18
term outcomes	18
single ventilator	18
selection bias	18
resistant pathogens	18
influenza vaccination	18
clinical aspects	18
several limitations	18
fluid management	18
every patient	18
relative risk	18
lung recruitment	18
chest compressions	18
predict mortality	18
arrest patients	18
specifi city	18
common risk	18
clinical information	18
music therapy	18
least hours	18
two studies	18
ill medical	18
medical staff	18
functional outcome	18
received ecmo	18
cardiac function	18
selected patients	18
adult critically	18
reperfusion injury	18
pneumonia caused	18
influenza season	18
serum samples	18
per year	18
square test	18
primary outcomes	18
evaluation ii	18
group box	18
metabolic acidosis	18
admission diagnosis	18
ca patients	18
patients date	18
endothelial growth	18
nitrogen balance	18
ejection fraction	18
ideal body	18
serious adverse	18
cannula oxygen	18
early goal	18
effi cacy	18
whitney test	18
days later	18
organ donation	18
light reflex	18
severe forms	18
datasets used	18
multicenter randomized	17
subarachnoid hemorrhage	17
primary cause	17
prolonged icu	17
high incidence	17
induced acute	17
resource allocation	17
venous thromboembolism	17
clinical management	17
chest trauma	17
also associated	17
better outcome	17
control mice	17
palliative care	17
care providers	17
th ese	17
evaluated using	17
mean duration	17
term outcome	17
multivariable analysis	17
nuclear factor	17
multiorgan failure	17
showed significant	17
lavage fluid	17
clinical setting	17
positive predictive	17
arterial partial	17
adjunctive therapy	17
study including	17
bacterial pneumonia	17
american college	17
small number	17
lower levels	17
sars patients	17
creatinine clearance	17
aerosolized drug	17
icu physicians	17
control measures	17
tracheal intubation	17
crp levels	17
thromboembolic events	17
undergoing cardiac	17
shockable rhythm	17
primary influenza	17
three times	17
main cause	17
vasopressor therapy	17
pathological findings	17
tissue factor	17
resistant bacteria	17
confusion assessment	17
study found	17
circulating igm	17
receiving mechanical	17
outcomes among	17
lactic acid	17
one year	17
preliminary results	17
blood transfusions	17
group ii	17
death among	17
tbi patients	17
interstitial lung	17
systolic blood	17
internal medicine	17
adult respiratory	17
respiratory virus	17
leading cause	17
clinical benefit	17
airway pressures	17
high doses	17
outcomes included	17
may play	17
diagnostic criteria	17
chronic renal	17
dysfunction syndrome	17
using spss	17
organ failures	17
resuscitation rate	17
adult icu	17
sensitivity analyses	17
charlson comorbidity	17
bacterial ards	16
antimicrobial stewardship	16
macrophage activation	16
cantly lower	16
assess whether	16
increasingly used	16
cerebral ischemia	16
deep vein	16
center study	16
cortisol levels	16
serum lactate	16
meier survival	16
protective effect	16
emergency departments	16
organ support	16
rater reliability	16
right lung	16
effi ciency	16
human influenza	16
south korea	16
cci group	16
neuraminidase inhibitors	16
sepsis septic	16
total number	16
time interval	16
hemodynamic stability	16
multidisciplinary team	16
cerebral perfusion	16
mechanical power	16
control patients	16
new york	16
parenteral nutrition	16
details key	16
positive correlation	16
validation cohort	16
disaster management	16
vasopressor support	16
experimental study	16
tube placement	16
icu population	16
study groups	16
clinical manifestations	16
potential role	16
potential therapeutic	16
healthcare professionals	16
improve survival	16
fluid bolus	16
renal dysfunction	16
well tolerated	16
increased morbidity	16
beneficial effects	16
local ethics	16
identifi cation	16
secondary infections	16
quality control	16
major surgery	16
therapeutic interventions	16
rheumatoid arthritis	16
ecmo programs	16
respiratory acidosis	16
requiring intensive	16
venous pressure	16
time period	16
nosocomial transmission	16
patients enrolled	16
including patients	16
continuous data	16
clinical diagnosis	16
union hospital	16
secondary analysis	16
modifi ed	16
respiratory insufficiency	16
sars outbreak	16
acute brain	16
therapeutic targets	16
sublingual microcirculation	16
ml cmh	16
poor neurological	16
hours post	16
respiratory samples	16
control study	16
gas flow	16
rst hours	16
early pn	16
studies using	16
low tidal	16
outcome measures	16
organ damage	16
temperature management	16
lung damage	16
acute pancreatitis	16
also significantly	16
solid organ	16
ace angiotensin	16
study performed	16
pneumocystis carinii	16
vena cava	16
acute ischemic	16
health record	16
related complications	16
mortality associated	16
trend toward	16
secondary infection	16
based therapies	16
community acquired	16
icu staff	16
group received	16
resource utilization	15
gas analysis	15
citrate anticoagulation	15
score matching	15
least two	15
primary care	15
mental health	15
oxygen consumption	15
refractory hypoxemia	15
treated patients	15
control groups	15
patients developed	15
reverse transcriptase	15
pulmonary infiltrates	15
care management	15
without dad	15
laboratory data	15
ten patients	15
authors contributed	15
high rate	15
vv ecmo	15
wilcoxon rank	15
decompressive laparotomy	15
patients presented	15
large cohort	15
thrombotic complications	15
screening registry	15
blood products	15
gastrointestinal tract	15
cardiac dysfunction	15
evidence suggests	15
randomized study	15
artery disease	15
baseline levels	15
cytokine release	15
relatively low	15
iav infection	15
unit admission	15
brainstem reflexes	15
survival analysis	15
first study	15
significantly improved	15
tyrosine kinase	15
liver transplantation	15
without sepsis	15
respiratory secretions	15
lung pathology	15
observation period	15
venous return	15
hypoxemic patients	15
weaning failure	15
ldh levels	15
empirical therapy	15
altman analysis	15
bloodstream infection	15
lung diseases	15
elevated tni	15
within months	15
pediatric patients	15
therapeutic intervention	15
pulmonary function	15
uid balance	15
nafamostat mesylate	15
organ dysfunctions	15
intellectual content	15
medical resources	15
associated coagulopathy	15
experimental sepsis	15
term survival	15
eight patients	15
positive results	15
normally distributed	15
diaphragm thickness	15
older age	15
breathing trials	15
icu readmission	15
inflammatory biomarkers	15
cystic fi	15
neuromuscular blockade	15
quality assessment	15
may require	15
medical record	15
antibiotic use	15
adult intensive	15
lung aeration	15
natriuretic peptide	15
pulmonary congestion	15
face mask	15
early stage	15
general anesthesia	15
occupancy rate	15
cerebrospinal fluid	15
medical staffs	15
inflammatory diseases	15
patients discharged	15
diagnostic tests	15
long term	15
significant risk	15
chest radiograph	15
map mmhg	15
full text	15
antimicrobial resistance	15
sensitivity analysis	15
mean length	15
rbc transfusions	15
survival probability	15
viral clearance	15
data regarding	15
high level	15
bacterial clearance	15
study suggests	15
vein thrombosis	15
patient selection	14
microbiological diagnosis	14
empirical antibiotic	14
respiratory drive	14
multicenter prospective	14
rescue therapy	14
rhesus macaques	14
studies reported	14
analysis using	14
days post	14
currently available	14
four groups	14
elevated renin	14
communityacquired pneumonia	14
major trauma	14
severe lung	14
characteristic curve	14
picu stay	14
system dysfunction	14
retrospective studies	14
pulmonary oedema	14
differ significantly	14
healthy adults	14
postoperative delirium	14
base excess	14
hospital icu	14
renal impairment	14
prospective studies	14
regional lung	14
better outcomes	14
transfusion strategy	14
north america	14
venous oxygen	14
standard therapy	14
reduced mortality	14
extubation respiratory	14
burn patients	14
considered significant	14
right ventricular	14
peep increase	14
term cognitive	14
common complication	14
ventilated infants	14
amino acids	14
study using	14
clostridium difficile	14
international consensus	14
published data	14
time spent	14
care system	14
diagnostic performance	14
randomized trials	14
transcranial doppler	14
previous reports	14
personal protective	14
fibrinogen concentrate	14
committee approval	14
support methods	14
surgical procedure	14
decision support	14
missing data	14
secondary outcome	14
recently published	14
linear mixed	14
postextubation stridor	14
fl uids	14
chart review	14
mm hg	14
improve clinical	14
deeply sedated	14
bacterial coinfection	14
clinical significance	14
pregnant women	14
linear model	14
empiric antibiotic	14
partial thromboplastin	14
transfusion requirements	14
cardiac surgical	14
published studies	14
patients according	14
multiple trauma	14
significantly elevated	14
adhesion molecule	14
cecal ligation	14
interim guidance	14
variables associated	14
high mobility	14
therapeutic target	14
left ventricle	14
less frequently	14
lung inflammation	14
procedural sedation	14
lower risk	14
research ethics	14
prediction model	14
nucleic acid	14
ventilator circuit	14
lactate level	14
prophylactic anticoagulation	14
severe infection	14
disease patients	14
odds ratios	14
bed occupancy	14
cell types	14
patient management	14
kdigo criteria	14
initial rhythm	14
pulmonary blood	14
carinii pneumonia	14
one case	14
affiliations none	14
cardiac troponin	14
time pcr	14
spectrum antibiotics	14
upper airway	14
personal fees	14
also showed	14
resource use	14
increased levels	14
invasive candidiasis	14
acute pulmonary	14
mechanical ventilator	14
chronic heart	14
immunosorbent assay	14
human lung	14
patients will	14
rapid response	14
making process	14
drug resistance	14
icu resources	14
phase ii	14
highly pathogenic	14
cerebral blood	14
severe iav	14
first week	14
icu due	14
task force	14
failure requiring	14
cerebral oxygenation	14
consensus guidelines	14
findings suggest	14
sars coronavirus	14
thromboplastin time	14
care hospital	14
ill adult	13
drug resistant	13
predicted body	13
cap caused	13
right heart	13
bacterial pathogens	13
improves survival	13
therapy group	13
lung protective	13
endotracheal suctioning	13
glucose levels	13
one hour	13
chronic kidney	13
years ago	13
planned extubation	13
suspected influenza	13
high morbidity	13
less likely	13
peep levels	13
mixed model	13
significantly correlated	13
alveolar dead	13
second group	13
protocol group	13
requiring renal	13
targeted temperature	13
resistant staphylococcus	13
curve analysis	13
endothelial dysfunction	13
acute exacerbation	13
aerosol deposition	13
individual patients	13
genetic association	13
mechanical ventilators	13
past years	13
vap patients	13
may represent	13
investigated whether	13
sum test	13
liver injury	13
sepsis cohort	13
drug therapy	13
pneumonia severity	13
organ systems	13
elective surgery	13
may influence	13
ards criteria	13
recruited pixels	13
ventilator support	13
admitted patients	13
increased hospital	13
lower tidal	13
descriptive statistics	13
staffi ng	13
major abdominal	13
survival curves	13
ventilation time	13
vessel density	13
lung regions	13
molecular weight	13
squared test	13
cutoff value	13
animal model	13
icu nurses	13
attending physician	13
blood fl	13
available data	13
cell counts	13
stage renal	13
early mobilization	13
origin influenza	13
elevated levels	13
relatively small	13
prowess trial	13
successful weaning	13
cytokine response	13
pc activity	13
bal fluid	13
pneumocystis pneumonia	13
influenza viral	13
well known	13
cognitive function	13
last years	13
previously published	13
risk assessment	13
vascular resistance	13
lung deposition	13
may reflect	13
disease progression	13
care society	13
plasma exchange	13
based approaches	13
delirium screening	13
current practice	13
glasgow outcome	13
sedated patients	13
indirect calorimetry	13
benefi cial	13
abdominal pain	13
activation syndrome	13
literature review	13
venous extracorporeal	13
airway complications	13
congestive heart	13
kg day	13
authors thank	13
may occur	13
benefi ts	13
mean value	13
clinical use	13
sepsis diagnosis	13
flow velocity	13
renal scintigraphy	13
laboratory findings	13
cell death	13
phase iii	13
methanol poisoning	13
two independent	13
gut microbial	13
active bleeding	13
undergoing elective	13
spike protein	13
operator reliability	13
underlying disease	13
patient group	13
mask ventilation	13
systemic infl	13
respiratory viral	13
traumatic stress	13
epidemiology studies	13
developing severe	13
response rate	13
ecmo duration	13
linked immunosorbent	13
dendritic cells	13
respiratory illness	13
murine model	13
protein levels	13
identified patients	13
may decrease	13
study date	13
adjunctive treatment	13
increased significantly	13
patients develop	13
discharged alive	13
glucose control	13
stimulating factor	13
confirmed cases	13
care settings	12
pneumonia due	12
saline bolus	12
care admission	12
extubated patients	12
rib fractures	12
cicu admission	12
among icu	12
chest physiotherapy	12
nutrition support	12
mean time	12
america american	12
severe blunt	12
viral vectors	12
several days	12
two hospitals	12
gram negative	12
vascular leakage	12
patients due	12
expiratory flow	12
apache iv	12
difficile infection	12
dysfunction failure	12
daily nursing	12
elevated ck	12
inferior vena	12
steady state	12
mean apache	12
retrospective chart	12
serum concentrations	12
score ii	12
fi eld	12
tissue damage	12
standard deviations	12
virus infections	12
risk ratio	12
ards may	12
median length	12
cell function	12
non critical	12
administering dexmedetomidine	12
index hospitalization	12
healthy people	12
particle flow	12
reverse transcription	12
richmond agitation	12
healthcare costs	12
major societal	12
aki patients	12
hyaline membrane	12
patients reported	12
ventilation strategy	12
hypersecretive patients	12
ventilator dependence	12
ventilatorassociated pneumonia	12
qsofa score	12
patients met	12
treating patients	12
mean values	12
severity index	12
coeffi cient	12
early pp	12
antibiotic stewardship	12
hospital stays	12
retrospective design	12
sepsis management	12
iu ml	12
controlled ventilation	12
three days	12
cci patients	12
type mice	12
study cohort	12
two reviewers	12
tract disease	12
patients within	12
glomerular filtration	12
steroid therapy	12
antimicrobial agents	12
wall compliance	12
human covid	12
inspiratory pressure	12
high sensitivity	12
rv lv	12
cell survival	12
crypt cells	12
studied patients	12
ecmo weaning	12
general population	12
creatine kinase	12
early initiation	12
clot microstructure	12
among hospitalized	12
eligible patients	12
controlled clinical	12
perfusion pressure	12
proportional hazards	12
cardiac intensive	12
training cohort	12
recent meta	12
ace receptor	12
several factors	12
chronic lung	12
driving pressures	12
clinical impact	12
mnutric score	12
fluid challenge	12
kidney function	12
medical treatment	12
single dose	12
tie signalling	12
sustaining treatment	12
laboratory tests	12
bypass grafting	12
requiring hospitalization	12
effects model	12
optimal cutoff	12
comorbid conditions	12
also compared	12
adult critical	12
different types	12
decreased significantly	12
transcription factor	12
family satisfaction	12
acute disease	12
improve outcomes	12
failure due	12
deceased patients	12
less frequent	12
pain management	12
troponin i	12
much higher	12
lung epithelial	12
fecal samples	12
positive blood	12
serum na	12
mental status	12
adaptive immune	12
anticholinergic activity	12
patients survived	12
status epilepticus	12
using standard	12
frequently used	12
median sofa	12
prospective multicenter	12
pearson correlation	12
mayo clinic	12
multiple testing	12
year study	12
organ perfusion	12
unsuspected influenza	12
took place	12
improve patient	12
patients require	12
current evidence	12
systolic function	12
expression levels	12
data generated	12
two cases	12
neurological manifestations	12
clinical parameters	12
twice daily	12
mortality prediction	12
major cause	12
per cent	12
median apache	12
sectional study	12
physical function	12
outcome scale	12
oxygen fraction	12
jugular vein	12
ecmo flow	12
results showed	12
membrane lung	12
retrospectively analyzed	12
outcome measure	12
ventilator asynchrony	12
kingdom critical	12
kcal kg	12
repeated measures	12
inflammatory effects	12
surgical intensive	12
treatment options	12
plateau pressures	12
associated acute	12
low sensitivity	12
respiratory pathogens	11
surface area	11
immunodeficiency virus	11
six months	11
severe pandemic	11
limited evidence	11
effi cient	11
levels may	11
intracranial hypertension	11
trial registration	11
brainstem lesions	11
increased survival	11
days mortality	11
complications related	11
negative bacilli	11
operating characteristics	11
ventilation mode	11
gastric emptying	11
rat model	11
human coronavirus	11
severe aki	11
renal transplant	11
data using	11
ventilation distribution	11
pulse contour	11
patient records	11
specific enolase	11
associated complications	11
ultrasound guidance	11
viral loads	11
immune suppression	11
independent association	11
chronic dysglycemia	11
overall survival	11
lactam antibiotics	11
early albumin	11
care admissions	11
host cells	11
lung mechanics	11
abdominal pressure	11
renal clearance	11
oxygenation index	11
apache score	11
venoarterial extracorporeal	11
video laryngoscope	11
ivc diameter	11
van der	11
human immunodeficiency	11
data management	11
endothelial permeability	11
fluid infusion	11
epithelial lining	11
study comparing	11
one hundred	11
favorable neurologic	11
tranexamic acid	11
dp dtmax	11
published article	11
higher hospital	11
estimate rated	11
blood volume	11
blood sugar	11
clinical evidence	11
pneumocystis jirovecii	11
respiratory diseases	11
diff er	11
consensus definitions	11
analysis revealed	11
defi nitions	11
clinical severity	11
higher level	11
natural killer	11
less severe	11
using data	11
japan critical	11
national health	11
overall cohort	11
multiorgan dysfunction	11
healthy lungs	11
acceptable range	11
stress raisers	11
adrenal insufficiency	11
available online	11
preliminary data	11
mg day	11
management strategies	11
porcine model	11
mas axis	11
clinical suspicion	11
total cost	11
cell injury	11
postoperative care	11
may affect	11
stem cells	11
isofl urane	11
day period	11
ecmo circuit	11
biomarker levels	11
develop severe	11
dic score	11
primary objective	11
similar results	11
bolus injection	11
lung perfusion	11
data warehouse	11
reduce mortality	11
icu bed	11
berlin criteria	11
higher apache	11
sedation scale	11
particle size	11
healthy individuals	11
increasing number	11
mixed icu	11
fi brinolysis	11
prolonged viral	11
rv function	11
extubation stridor	11
system resistance	11
significant morbidity	11
system compliance	11
versus non	11
icu management	11
haematological malignancy	11
lv ratio	11
will need	11
spinal cord	11
neurological outcomes	11
physical restraint	11
evoked potentials	11
references introduction	11
multiple comparisons	11
younger patients	11
filtration rate	11
adults hospitalized	11
central hospital	11
pediatric intensive	11
statistical heterogeneity	11
nasal high	11
coronavirus infections	11
percutaneous coronary	11
hospital costs	11
search strategy	11
ratio group	11
ischemic injury	11
older adults	11
nasal oxygen	11
consensus statement	11
dvt prophylaxis	11
standard treatment	11
signifi cance	11
likely due	11
biceps brachii	11
acc mentions	11
trend towards	11
signal transduction	11
ng tube	11
correlation coeffi	11
bystander cpr	11
clinically important	11
overdistended pixels	11
pleural fluid	11
healthcare systems	11
may need	11
improved outcomes	11
haemoglobin concentrations	11
endothelial barrier	11
consensus conference	11
binding domain	11
recombinant human	11
induced pulmonary	11
data available	11
visitation restrictions	11
adult icus	11
activity assay	11
significant association	11
chronic liver	11
better understanding	11
retrospective data	11
icu time	11
ohca patients	11
copies ml	11
severe organ	11
organ transplantation	11
endotracheal tubes	11
handheld devices	11
mortality benefit	11
negative pressure	11
clinical condition	11
va ecmo	11
unfractionated heparin	11
syndrome network	11
care bundle	11
clinical pulmonary	11
ventilator days	11
icu day	11
handheld device	11
immortal time	11
derived hepcidin	11
remaining patients	11
clinical criteria	11
therapy based	11
neurological examination	11
early stages	11
male patients	11
without significant	11
classifi ed	11
oxygen supply	11
lung collapse	11
major role	11
liver function	11
significant variation	11
important factor	11
national audit	11
predictive power	11
also reported	11
previously healthy	11
commercially available	11
normal values	11
human gut	11
whole body	11
received invasive	11
inspiratory flow	11
adverse event	11
health system	11
short term	11
nasogastric tube	11
immune cell	10
massive transfusion	10
routine use	10
blood product	10
septic episode	10
pneumonia requiring	10
inoculated mice	10
small intestine	10
vte prophylaxis	10
relative change	10
data protection	10
stress levels	10
early extubation	10
lining fluid	10
weight heparin	10
congenital heart	10
nutrition delivery	10
irreversible dysfunction	10
single centre	10
frozen plasma	10
prediction models	10
readmission rates	10
coronary intervention	10
higher severity	10
phase i	10
participating centers	10
refractory septic	10
warning score	10
tract samples	10
lung elastance	10
urinary antigen	10
mucociliary clearance	10
nonhuman primates	10
mononuclear cells	10
high positive	10
multivariable analyses	10
augmented renal	10
normal saline	10
random forest	10
insulin resistance	10
insuffi cient	10
higher number	10
host cell	10
days prior	10
increased rates	10
intravascular volume	10
study results	10
patients diagnosed	10
clinical cure	10
sepsis onset	10
plasma samples	10
care team	10
search terms	10
flail chest	10
factors may	10
hospitalised patients	10
clinical implications	10
lung transplantation	10
one third	10
patients supported	10
therapy versus	10
information regarding	10
differed significantly	10
performance category	10
will require	10
general wards	10
influenza testing	10
survival group	10
arterial lactate	10
delivery via	10
ethical committee	10
aromatic microbial	10
intravenous peramivir	10
drug deposition	10
peep cmh	10
function testing	10
questions related	10
restrictive transfusion	10
evaluate whether	10
rst week	10
circulatory support	10
patients ventilated	10
therapeutic range	10
weighted mean	10
hepcidin knockdown	10
antibiotic administration	10
arterial catheters	10
china clinical	10
guidelines recommend	10
hours later	10
preferred reporting	10
multivariate cox	10
gastric acid	10
multicenter retrospective	10
among others	10
clinical review	10
liberal strategy	10
severe pain	10
related quality	10
beneficial role	10
early intervention	10
lung ischemia	10
sleep deprivation	10
internal jugular	10
ct scans	10
kg ideal	10
treat patients	10
first draft	10
ethical approval	10
inhospital mortality	10
arterial carbon	10
publication bias	10
noninvasive mechanical	10
head ct	10
baseline severity	10
ulcer prophylaxis	10
high respiratory	10
early warning	10
associated virus	10
antimicrobial susceptibility	10
methods used	10
severe sars	10
positive endexpiratory	10
wallis test	10
based protocol	10
experimental studies	10
injured patients	10
important intellectual	10
muscle wasting	10
induced coagulopathy	10
stress disorder	10
ventilation strategies	10
supine position	10
reporting items	10
clinical stability	10
treatment option	10
longer length	10
lv function	10
molecular techniques	10
also noted	10
retrospectively reviewed	10
standard care	10
high dose	10
limited resources	10
bacterial co	10
mild patients	10
lithium chloride	10
classification system	10
autoimmune diseases	10
medical reference	10
cerebral performance	10
tissue samples	10
emergency care	10
ventricular fibrillation	10
amino acid	10
anticoagulation regimens	10
cell apoptosis	10
respiratory variations	10
cardiac failure	10
data acquisition	10
random effects	10
substantial contributions	10
complications associated	10
lower incidence	10
severe head	10
roc analysis	10
infl uenzae	10
serum concentration	10
case mix	10
hazard ratios	10
advanced age	10
care syndrome	10
novel method	10
laboratory testing	10
care interventions	10
science foundation	10
early phase	10
immunosuppressed patients	10
median number	10
studies reporting	10
mitochondrial dysfunction	10
clinical phenotype	10
magnetic resonance	10
high prevalence	10
complement activation	10
groups according	10
ammatory responses	10
sepsis syndrome	10
electrical activity	10
mechanical thromboprophylaxis	10
ml vs	10
adverse outcome	10
brain damage	10
multiplex pcr	10
preliminary study	10
multicenter cohort	10
per protocol	10
white matter	10
total hospital	10
rank sum	10
endotoxin activity	10
well understood	10
aki mortality	10
cantly increased	10
required mechanical	10
artificial intelligence	10
postoperative complications	10
predicted mortality	10
ventilator use	10
potential benefits	10
disease process	10
restrictive group	10
spo i	10
insufficient data	10
staff members	10
final nebulisation	10
pilot randomized	10
improve oxygenation	10
resistant organisms	10
burn injury	10
treatment group	10
electronic supplementary	10
ventilated icu	10
frequency chest	10
text view	10
handheld computer	10
aerosol drug	10
acutely ill	10
cardiothoracic surgery	10
cardiac tamponade	10
fluid removal	10
diagnostic test	10
proinflammatory cytokines	10
diagnostic testing	10
clinical relevance	10
patient mortality	10
confi rm	10
cap admitted	10
better survival	10
myocardial ischemia	10
sepsis severity	10
oseltamivir treatment	10
categorical data	10
recent data	10
mutant mice	10
allowed us	10
affiliations key	10
identifying patients	10
muscle quality	10
intracerebral hemorrhage	10
therapeutic strategy	10
negative impact	10
significant impact	10
sepsis care	10
underlying diseases	10
infection may	10
viral presence	10
animal studies	10
nursing procedures	10
bed icu	10
minute ventilation	10
electronic patient	10
ventilation modes	10
severe pulmonary	10
segment elevation	10
increased odds	10
online survey	10
information system	10
higher rates	10
disaster medicine	10
clotting time	10
cd cd	10
membrane formation	10
confi rmation	10
diuresis protocol	10
risk score	10
infections caused	10
slightly higher	10
dependent manner	10
cancer surgery	10
guided therapy	10
pain score	10
angiotensin system	10
comatose patients	10
diagnostic value	9
sepsis protocol	9
predictive ability	9
resonance imaging	9
mycobacterium tuberculosis	9
knowledge regarding	9
negative pathogens	9
transit time	9
transpulmonary pressure	9
fatty acids	9
using mixed	9
secondary comparison	9
mg iv	9
systemic levels	9
care bundles	9
gas parameters	9
study patients	9
validation set	9
also excluded	9
showed good	9
infusion rate	9
vitro study	9
methods patients	9
hemoperfusion cartridge	9
done using	9
epithelial injury	9
colleagues found	9
therapeutic approaches	9
negative results	9
high viral	9
annual update	9
may allow	9
various respiratory	9
pcr assay	9
barrier function	9
multidisciplinary committee	9
resistance patterns	9
first dose	9
continuous positive	9
xa levels	9
may predict	9
patient demographics	9
regional hospital	9
glycocalyx shedding	9
septic encephalopathy	9
angiotensin converting	9
refeeding syndrome	9
altered immune	9
log rank	9
cov infections	9
neuraminidase inhibitor	9
nasopharyngeal swabs	9
factor alpha	9
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis	9
interquartile ranges	9
using real	9
care delivery	9
shock due	9
second day	9
peep level	9
severe burn	9
rna clearance	9
infection prevention	9
tricc trial	9
societal guidelines	9
main risk	9
indian subset	9
roc curves	9
liquid chromatography	9
retrospective review	9
retrospectively collected	9
nutritional risk	9
three icus	9
life decisions	9
elf concentrations	9
corticosteroid use	9
extracorporeal circulation	9
resuscitation council	9
respiratory muscle	9
withdraw therapy	9
cell membrane	9
similar clinical	9
cerebral artery	9
severe trauma	9
withdrawn due	9
fractured ribs	9
developed ards	9
positive bacteria	9
tissue plasminogen	9
disease classification	9
intracellular iron	9
data interpretation	9
surgical procedures	9
oxygen species	9
heart score	9
subgroup analyses	9
kg bw	9
intercostal space	9
many factors	9
secondary endpoint	9
high frequency	9
sample collection	9
third international	9
healthcare staff	9
food intake	9
low vt	9
higher serum	9
groups based	9
preventive use	9
genetic variants	9
neurological status	9
quantifi ed	9
triage tool	9
late pn	9
reactive oxygen	9
cardiac arrests	9
biomed central	9
resting energy	9
crucial role	9
scarce resources	9
muscle strength	9
poorly understood	9
susceptibility testing	9
drug administration	9
admission diagnoses	9
feedback function	9
independent variables	9
increased icu	9
ca cpr	9
found online	9