bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
staphylococcus aureus	192
respiratory tract	177
clinical isolates	164
lg ml	151
respiratory viruses	126
infectious diseases	121
risk factors	109
resistant strains	104
antibiotic resistance	99
intensive care	95
acute respiratory	92
tract infections	91
antimicrobial agents	87
time pcr	83
escherichia coli	83
strains isolated	80
mcg ml	79
acquired pneumonia	79
susceptibility testing	79
vitro activity	79
mg kg	77
public health	76
present study	75
clin microbiol	75
influenza virus	73
microbiol infect	72
cord uid	72
doc id	72
infect doi	72
streptococcus pneumoniae	71
antimicrobial resistance	70
hospitalized patients	70
blood cultures	69
infection control	68
resistance genes	67
tract infection	67
respiratory syncytial	67
mean age	64
syncytial virus	64
novel coronavirus	64
coronavirus disease	64
fever rs	63
clostridium difficile	62
performed using	62
mic values	61
broth microdilution	61
rs group	61
pseudomonas aeruginosa	61
antibiotic treatment	61
antibiotic use	59
disk diffusion	58
cfu ml	58
blood culture	58
lower respiratory	57
urinary tract	56
clinical microbiology	56
antibiotic therapy	55
study period	55
gel electrophoresis	54
control group	54
pcr assay	54
statistically significant	53
clinical samples	53
broad spectrum	52
agar dilution	52
resistant staphylococcus	51
clinical trials	51
university hospital	51
multiplex pcr	51
care unit	51
respiratory virus	51
resistant isolates	50
least one	49
cohort study	48
infectious disease	47
antimicrobial therapy	47
antimicrobial susceptibility	47
chain reaction	46
respiratory infections	46
bacterial pathogens	45
viral load	45
field gel	44
infections caused	44
nucleic acid	44
antibiotic susceptibility	44
mrsa isolates	43
respiratory syndrome	43
primary care	43
chlamydia pneumoniae	43
polymerase chain	42
log cfu	42
reduced susceptibility	42
macrolide resistance	42
year period	41
virus infection	41
significant differences	40
severe acute	40
adverse events	40
negative staphylococci	40
years old	40
soft tissue	40
risk factor	40
influenza viruses	39
critically ill	39
per patient	38
adult patients	38
species level	38
pregnant women	38
determined using	38
pcr assays	37
logistic regression	37
age group	37
helicobacter pylori	37
mrsa strains	37
diffusion method	37
patients admitted	36
among patients	36
blood samples	36
respiratory pathogens	36
amino acid	36
negative bacteria	36
drug resistance	35
respiratory symptoms	35
clavulanic acid	35
significant difference	35
positive samples	35
negative predictive	35
pk pd	35
aureus isolates	34
agar plates	34
bactericidal activity	34
health care	34
auc mic	34
viral infections	34
candida spp	34
hong kong	34
sequence analysis	34
ill patients	33
mic mg	33
hospital stay	33
bacterial strains	33
resistance rates	33
significantly higher	33
predictive value	33
klebsiella pneumoniae	33
patients received	32
nosocomial infections	32
bacterial infections	32
one patient	32
piperacillin tazobactam	32
nccls guidelines	32
cerebrospinal fluid	32
united states	32
per cent	32
clinical specimens	32
positive blood	31
mortality rate	31
spectrum beta	31
prospective study	31
respiratory viral	31
dilution method	31
clinical characteristics	31
positive strains	31
infected patients	31
european countries	30
two strains	30
upper respiratory	30
patients treated	30
species identification	30
generation cephalosporins	30
last years	30
resistance among	30
rrna gene	29
patients without	29
drug resistant	29
median age	29
hospitalised patients	29
patients hospitalized	29
two groups	29
respiratory specimens	29
inhibitory concentration	28
healthy volunteers	28
virulence genes	28
haemophilus influenzae	28
systematic review	28
bacterial meningitis	28
human metapneumovirus	28
positive bacteria	28
clinical features	28
frequently detected	28
aureus strains	28
one isolate	28
gram negative	28
community acquired	28
molecular testing	28
enterococcus faecalis	28
quality control	28
antibacterial activity	27
data suggest	27
virulence factors	27
mic mic	27
antimicrobial activity	27
intravenous antibiotics	27
three different	27
molecular typing	26
complicated skin	26
mg ml	26
quinupristin dalfopristin	26
study group	26
high prevalence	26
two patients	26
diagnostic tests	26
microdilution method	26
hand hygiene	26
acinetobacter baumannii	26
acinetobacter spp	26
patients receiving	26
bone marrow	26
tissue infections	26
comprehensive molecular	26
stool samples	26
reactive protein	26
high level	26
age groups	25
two different	25
tetracycline resistance	25
antibiotic consumption	25
anaerobic bacteria	25
resistance determinants	25
randomized controlled	25
controlled trial	25
icu patients	25
commonly used	25
commercially available	24
hospital admission	24
teaching hospital	24
care units	24
closely related	24
clinical trial	24
recent years	24
clinical data	24
respiratory infection	24
molecular methods	24
positive isolates	24
control measures	24
microbiology laboratories	24
supplementary material	24
analysis showed	23
invasive aspergillosis	23
structure infections	23
resistance phenotype	23
pneumoniae isolates	23
serum samples	23
binary toxin	23
clinically relevant	22
infections due	22
clinical practice	22
well tolerated	22
intervention group	22
negative bacilli	22
mg bid	22
widely used	22
patients infected	22
nasopharyngeal swab	22
significantly associated	22
klebsiella spp	22
enzyme immunoassay	22
high risk	22
methicillin resistant	22
factors associated	22
antigen detection	22
syndrome coronavirus	22
imi cis	22
respiratory failure	22
coli isolates	22
minimum inhibitory	21
atypical pathogens	21
diabetes mellitus	21
respiratory illness	21
older age	21
informed consent	21
statistical analysis	21
elderly patients	21
rapid detection	21
total number	21
mg dl	21
positive results	21
analysed using	21
extended spectrum	21
automated surveillance	21
healthcare workers	21
rna extraction	21
igm antibodies	21
fangcang shelter	21
genes encoding	21
previous studies	21
positive specimens	21
faecal samples	21
pcr method	21
immunocompromised patients	21
susceptible strains	21
one hundred	21
young children	20
infective endocarditis	20
wild type	20
positive cocci	20
group i	20
pcr amplification	20
specific primers	20
decreased susceptibility	20
two isolates	20
biofilm formation	20
bacterial infection	20
clinical studies	20
three patients	20
patients hospitalised	20
important role	20
confidence interval	20
resistance patterns	20
clinical strains	20
resistance mechanisms	20
results suggest	20
enterococcus faecium	20
viral pathogens	20
study showed	20
emergency department	20
heart failure	20
enterococcus spp	20
previously described	20
treated patients	20
central laboratory	20
invasive fungal	20
general population	20
regression model	19
clinical significance	19
lrti patients	19
gold standard	19
associated pneumonia	19
cell wall	19
difficile strains	19
mg iv	19
sample size	19
avian influenza	19
patient days	19
pylori infection	19
day mortality	19
nervous system	19
pcr products	19
transplant recipients	19
internal control	19
genomic dna	19
virus infections	19
esbl producing	19
medical staff	19
mic ratio	19
disease severity	19
shiga toxin	19
performed according	19
skin structure	19
esbl production	19
negative results	19
strains showed	19
interpreted according	19
real time	19
clinical manifestations	18
staphylococcus spp	18
tested using	18
pg ml	18
dna sequencing	18
clinical outcomes	18
gram positive	18
observational study	18
diagnostic methods	18
one strain	18
world health	18
clinical management	18
hinton agar	18
high rate	18
may also	18
associated diarrhoea	18
tertiary care	18
reference standard	18
multivariate analysis	18
gastric cancer	18
filmarray rp	18
protein binding	18
reverse transcription	18
mean duration	18
empiric therapy	18
time rt	18
resistance phenotypes	18
erythromycin resistance	18
surveillance system	18
method according	18
among children	18
antibiotics tested	18
multidrug resistant	18
severe infections	18
university hospitals	18
coli strains	18
case report	18
observational studies	18
north america	18
negative rods	17
see table	17
ml min	17
therapeutic option	17
positive result	17
viral pneumonia	17
kill curves	17
ddd tid	17
nalidixic acid	17
clinical success	17
group ii	17
inhibitory concentrations	17
common pathogens	17
amoxicillin clavulanate	17
significantly increased	17
glycopeptide resistance	17
pancreatic tissue	17
pulmonary disease	17
cell culture	17
vitro susceptibility	17
reference strains	17
antifungal therapy	17
clinically significant	17
bloodstream infections	17
phylogenetic analysis	17
viral respiratory	17
results obtained	17
viral rna	17
see supplementary	17
interquartile range	17
epithelial cells	17
diagnostic accuracy	17
medical centres	17
causative agent	17
severe covid	17
per year	16
isolates recovered	16
cap patients	16
sequence typing	16
subjects received	16
microdilution panels	16
bacterial growth	16
mechanical ventilation	16
clinical cure	16
large number	16
one case	16
wide range	16
pneumoniae strains	16
central nervous	16
cns infections	16
faecium isolates	16
isolates collected	16
acquired infections	16
viral infection	16
spectrum activity	16
major cause	16
apache ii	16
susceptibility tests	16
clinical response	16
retrospective study	16
predictive values	16
machine learning	16
antimicrobial prophylaxis	16
immune response	16
significantly different	16
tested positive	16
controlled trials	16
rapid test	16
septic shock	16
laboratory using	15
univariate analysis	15
moderate covid	15
six patients	15
clinical course	15
icu admission	15
prospective cohort	15
staphylococcus epidermidis	15
inclusion criteria	15
odds ratios	15
resistant gram	15
united kingdom	15
including methicillin	15
square test	15
respiratory panel	15
streptococcus pyogenes	15
three isolates	15
strains belonging	15
seasonal influenza	15
bacteroides fragilis	15
fungal infections	15
common among	15
nasopharyngeal swabs	15
isolates showed	15
disc diffusion	15
manual surveillance	15
case reports	15
blood agar	15
test results	15
candida species	15
retrospective cohort	15
regression analysis	15
shelter hospitals	15
clinical isolate	15
mrsa infections	15
surveillance program	15
low level	15
resistant enterococci	15
clinical laboratories	15
resistance rate	15
nosocomial infection	15
single dose	15
hinton broth	15
clinical diagnosis	14
bacterial co	14
mortality rates	14
coagulase negative	14
hospital mortality	14
case series	14
within days	14
underlying disease	14
identified using	14
care hospitals	14
previous study	14
lowest mic	14
molecular epidemiology	14
results show	14
common cause	14
confirmed cases	14
obstructive pulmonary	14
health organization	14
strains tested	14
ab biodisk	14
antifungal susceptibility	14
compared using	14
expression levels	14
new class	14
included patients	14
drinking water	14
difficile infection	14
abdominal pain	14
within hours	14
phase i	14
herpes simplex	14
antibiotic prescribing	14
four different	14
akacid plus	14
younger age	14
significant increase	14
copies ml	14
high mortality	14
type strains	14
results indicate	14
severe sepsis	14
patient population	14
treatment groups	14
results showed	14
class integrons	14
valve endocarditis	14
relatively low	14
vitek system	14
healthy subjects	14
differential diagnosis	14
laboratory findings	14
respiratory distress	14
isolated strains	14
bacterial isolates	14
empiric treatment	14
expanded broad	14
pcr using	14
resistance gene	14
clinical presentation	14
test program	14
cure rates	14
may lead	14
hospital acquired	14
enterobacter spp	14
cell count	14
renal failure	14
five isolates	14
selective pressure	14
urine samples	14
underlying diseases	14
acute care	13
positive cultures	13
study shows	13
early diagnosis	13
diabetic foot	13
corticosteroid treatment	13
plasma concentrations	13
saudi arabia	13
igg antibodies	13
ft mic	13
mean time	13
pulmonary aspergillosis	13
month period	13
two cases	13
resistance mechanism	13
prosthetic valve	13
clinical laboratory	13
outer membrane	13
negative strains	13
amoxicillin clavulanic	13
human rhinovirus	13
respiratory samples	13
resistance profile	13
diagnostic test	13
upper airway	13
care workers	13
using standard	13
atrophic gastritis	13
pandemic influenza	13
tertiary hospital	13
first case	13
pcr testing	13
middle ear	13
infection among	13
pfge patterns	13
nursing homes	13
culture positive	13
common respiratory	13
nine patients	13
producing strains	13
mic range	13
high resistance	13
statistical analyses	13
treatment failure	13
serum concentrations	13
ct scan	13
fusidic acid	13
correctly identified	13
agglutination test	13
older adults	13
bacterial species	13
routine methods	13
determine whether	13
chronic obstructive	13
eradication rates	13
microdilution methods	13
analysis revealed	13
side effects	13
corticosteroid therapy	13
carbapenem resistance	13
lactam antibiotics	13
streptococcus agalactiae	13
antibiotic prescription	13
susceptibility patterns	13
secondary infections	13
retrospective analysis	13
blood cell	13
cq hcq	13
specific antibodies	13
medical records	13
lactamase production	13
fragilis group	13
type i	13
statistical significance	13
typing methods	13
paediatric patients	13
using pcr	13
incidence rate	13
nosocomial pneumonia	13
first time	13
virus rna	13
physical examination	13
pooling strategy	12
extraction method	12
control study	12
gene sequence	12
isolates tested	12
resistant streptococcus	12
minimal inhibitory	12
exact test	12
adverse event	12
different groups	12
patient management	12
pcr results	12
mixed infections	12
lactamase genes	12
presented data	12
swab samples	12
attack rate	12
recently described	12
penicillin resistant	12
gene encoding	12
whole blood	12
pcr reaction	12
also found	12
peptide deformylase	12
serious infections	12
type ii	12
internal medicine	12
animal models	12
routine real	12
mlsb phenotype	12
cost per	12
pathogens causing	12
potent expanded	12
overall incidence	12
severe disease	12
five patients	12
hmpv patients	12
tigecycline compared	12
kg day	12
aureus atcc	12
white blood	12
cohort studies	12
may play	12
pcr tests	12
third generation	12
currently available	12
trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole	12
different species	12
resistant bacteria	12
vancomycin aztreonam	12
authors declare	12
dyspeptic patients	12
patients undergoing	12
diabetic patients	12
gene expression	12
children aged	12
cc isolates	12
human coronavirus	12
highly resistant	12
studied period	12
cranberry juice	12
bacteroides spp	12
difficile toxin	12
virus survival	12
isolates obtained	12
detection rates	12
antiviral treatment	12
burn wounds	12
tcid ml	12
time points	12
heart disease	12
pulsed field	12
food borne	12
increasing number	12
young adults	12
latin america	12
negative anaerobic	12
success rates	12
strains regardless	12
listeria monocytogenes	12
clinical efficacy	12
tigecycline may	12
analysis using	12
type strain	12
parainfluenza virus	12
increased risk	12
tap water	12
baumannii strains	12
quinolone resistance	12
hp infection	12
fragment length	12
rt pcr	12
strains resistant	12
respiratory rate	12
positive pathogens	12
susceptibility rates	12
mycoplasma pneumoniae	12
renal function	12
may provide	12
vancomycin resistance	12
vast majority	12
confidence intervals	12
excellent activity	12
year old	12
patients diagnosed	12
nasal swabs	12
intravenous antibiotic	12
cefoperazone sulbactam	12
immune system	12
age years	12
double disk	12
positive test	11
deformylase inhibitor	11
albicans strains	11
rapid diagnosis	11
western blot	11
conventional methods	11
isolation units	11
daily doses	11
virus detected	11
findings suggest	11
aerobic gram	11
last decade	11
acquired mrsa	11
agr group	11
randomly selected	11
aged years	11
preliminary results	11
european centre	11
microbiology laboratory	11
curve analysis	11
may explain	11
health problem	11
disease prevention	11
genital tract	11
patients died	11
participating site	11
spectrum cephalosporins	11
treatment duration	11
local laboratory	11
filmarray respiratory	11
esbl producers	11
multidrug resistance	11
severe cap	11
study included	11
comparator agents	11
simultaneous detection	11
differ significantly	11
bacterial resistance	11
program determined	11
different genotypes	11
common bacterial	11
higher risk	11
horizontal transfer	11
reference laboratory	11
cmv infection	11
bronchoalveolar lavage	11
like illness	11
isothermal amplification	11
supplementary table	11
nccls broth	11
mg day	11
recombinant proteins	11
homeless patients	11
broad range	11
three cases	11
prevotella spp	11
viral loads	11
primary outcome	11
producing isolates	11
acquired respiratory	11
less susceptible	11
national reference	11
type esbls	11
disease progression	11
generation sequencing	11
data collection	11
penicillin resistance	11
overall mortality	11
transport medium	11
old man	11
median time	11
inflammatory response	11
candida albicans	11
rapid diagnostic	11
biopsy samples	11
antimicrobial surveillance	11
reliable therapeutic	11
frequently isolated	11
twice daily	11
ms ms	11
reference method	11
infected mice	11
patients included	11
pilot study	11
epi isl	11
resistance pattern	11
salmonella isolates	11
written informed	11
human cases	11
patients suffering	11
related infections	11
level resistance	11
antimicrobial treatment	11
highly active	11
nvp pdf	11
general hospital	11
four patients	11
macrolide resistant	10
symptom onset	10
regression models	10
days post	10
clinical outcome	10
molecular characterisation	10
mass spectrometry	10
duodenal ulcer	10
renal impairment	10
detected using	10
studies showed	10
commonly reported	10
data obtained	10
bacterial load	10
evaluated using	10
aspergillus spp	10
studies using	10
rapid identification	10
oral dose	10
group testing	10
clinical symptoms	10
multivariable logistic	10
may help	10
point prevalence	10
hospital environment	10
toxic shock	10
common pathogen	10
important factor	10
renal insufficiency	10
blister fluid	10
endemic region	10
class i	10
valentine leukocidin	10
spectrum antibiotics	10
different regions	10
positive pcr	10
virulence factor	10
small number	10
electron microscopy	10
clinically important	10
mediated isothermal	10
plates containing	10
treponema pallidum	10
causative organisms	10
four isolates	10
underlying conditions	10
csf samples	10
hospital infection	10
review board	10
using nccls	10
mlsb resistance	10
rrna genes	10
frequently used	10
capillary electrophoresis	10
nasal carriage	10
also tested	10
positive culture	10
middle east	10
invasive candidiasis	10
cystic fibrosis	10
emm types	10
otitis media	10
tinea pedis	10
respiratory disease	10
full manual	10
samples taken	10
abdominal infections	10
symptomatic patients	10
negative pathogens	10
low prevalence	10
multilocus sequence	10
blood stream	10
spectrum antimicrobial	10
nosocomial pathogens	10
like gene	10
cancer patients	10
fragilis strains	10
mg tid	10
six strains	10
rapid antigen	10
length polymorphism	10
quorum sensing	10
computed tomography	10
cns infection	10
commonly prescribed	10
study design	10
cutaneous leishmaniasis	10
bacterial pathogen	10
influenza pandemic	10
patients aged	10
among gram	10
pcr detection	10
median duration	10
north liberty	10
several studies	10
acute gastroenteritis	10
specific pcr	10
peripheral blood	10
free drug	10
high sensitivity	10
susceptibility test	10
pneumococcal pneumonia	10
categorical variables	10
previously published	10
associated infections	10
antimicrobial agent	10
every hours	10
phase iii	10
monte carlo	10
resistance levels	10
bacterial counts	10
oral microbiology	10
relatively high	10
genetic diversity	10
myocardial infarction	10
bacterial pneumonia	10
increased mortality	10
also detected	10
room temperature	10
hmpv infection	10
parainfluenza viruses	10
pylori isolates	10
combination therapy	10
patients showed	10
serological tests	10
different respiratory	10
least two	10
mrsa prevalence	10
plasmid dna	10
sccmec type	10
hearing loss	10
cough episodes	10
clinical failure	10
diagnostic yield	10
epidemic strains	10
severe respiratory	10
metropolitan area	10
incubation period	10
type iv	10
slime production	10
czech republic	10
within one	10
potential role	10
resistant gbs	9
strains collected	9
cpe gene	9
culture isolates	9
cardiovascular disease	9
genome sequence	9
leading cause	9
high frequency	9
observed among	9
healthy adult	9
new drugs	9
human infections	9
clindamycin resistance	9
poor prognosis	9
time kill	9
enteral feeding	9
streptococcal colonisation	9
vital signs	9
detection rate	9
mycobacterium tuberculosis	9
consecutive patients	9
also resistant	9
different countries	9
institutional review	9
serum specimens	9
using broth	9
sheep blood	9
radiological procedure	9
strains belonged	9
test method	9
acute bacterial	9
strain types	9
study population	9
ciprofloxacin susceptibility	9
ii score	9
helicobacter species	9
sensitivity analysis	9
detection methods	9
eradication therapy	9
acute exacerbation	9
samples obtained	9
positive patients	9
gram stain	9
care hospital	9
distress syndrome	9
pneumococcal conjugate	9
isolates belonged	9
old female	9
also used	9
antifungal agents	9
epidemic viruses	9
dilution methods	9
drug concentrations	9
good correlation	9
disease control	9
randomly assigned	9
iu ml	9
influenza vaccination	9
children years	9
different types	9
antiviral resistance	9
pathogenic bacteria	9
randomised controlled	9
candida infections	9
three strains	9
burn wound	9
restriction fragment	9
agents tested	9
significantly reduced	9
many patients	9
phylogenetic groups	9
showed high	9
infectious complications	9
colony counts	9
stool specimens	9
dairy sheep	9
data analysis	9
fluoroquinolone resistance	9
central venous	9
previous months	9
demographic data	9
antibiotic policy	9
patient care	9
odds ratio	9
done using	9
immune responses	9
better understanding	9
significantly lower	9
received grn	9
dna extraction	9
higher mortality	9
well known	9
genetic relatedness	9
different viruses	9
tissue infection	9
drug classes	9
standard methods	9
samples collected	9
blood pressure	9
antimicrobial susceptibilities	9
mg po	9
prescribed antimicrobials	9
difficile isolates	9
ug ml	9
normal flora	9
melting curve	9
dengue virus	9
viral pcr	9
pcr product	9
study drug	9
epidemiological studies	9
male gender	9
resistance development	9
pcr ribotype	9
sample collection	9
tetracycline resistant	9
among young	9
specific igg	9
env rhv	9
burgdorferi sensu	9
first report	9
faropenem medoxomil	9
grade i	9
aeruginosa strains	9
took place	9
methicillin resistance	9
igg anti	9
using two	9
meca gene	9
bacterial prostatitis	9
dna microarray	9
one day	9
emerging infectious	9
febrile cough	9
appropriate use	9
spike protein	9
less likely	9
conjugate vaccine	9
positive predictive	9
plasma samples	9
developing countries	9
detection kit	9
resistant acinetobacter	9
surveillance study	9
mic value	9
outpatient antibiotic	9
typing phage	9
three years	9
laboratory standards	9
medical schools	9
aeruginosa isolates	9
pathogens including	9
calculated using	9
false negative	9
disk synergy	9
care centres	9
producing enterobacteriaceae	9
isolates carried	9
determined according	9
control strains	9
environmental samples	8
old male	8
may represent	8
resistant strain	8
antibiotic concentrations	8
influenza vaccine	8
cases patient	8
tissue concentrations	8
diffusion test	8
primary school	8
world regions	8
defined daily	8
mupirocin resistance	8
treatment strategies	8
data show	8
small intestine	8
may result	8
using specific	8
serum levels	8
bp fragment	8
pharmacokinetic parameters	8
commonly detected	8
restriction analysis	8
solid organ	8
one sample	8
systematic reviews	8
group streptococci	8
frequently reported	8
bacillus anthracis	8
aortic valve	8
first study	8
infected cases	8
nile virus	8
infection prevention	8
recent studies	8
seven days	8
gastric biopsies	8
pfge profiles	8
much higher	8
diagnostic criteria	8
primers specific	8
data indicate	8
intestinal microflora	8
fungal infection	8
single nucleotide	8
norfloxacin vitek	8
negative controls	8
observational cohort	8
liver disease	8
necrotizing pancreatitis	8
time series	8
pneumoniae infection	8
enterobacteriaceae strains	8
one year	8
pathogens responsible	8
three groups	8
virus load	8
collected throughout	8
enterococcal isolates	8
will help	8
blood sample	8
found positive	8
validated lc	8
chest ct	8
water cooler	8
direct contact	8
laboratory results	8
toxin genes	8
even though	8
respiratory diseases	8
higher rates	8
vero cells	8
skin infections	8
potent activity	8
viridans group	8
genome sequencing	8
six different	8
individual samples	8
related isolates	8
roc curve	8
peritoneal dialysis	8
legionella pneumophila	8
cardiac surgery	8
acb complex	8
respiratory pathogen	8
positive sample	8
eight patients	8
resistant mutants	8
lamp assay	8
chronic pancreatitis	8
prevalent among	8
horse blood	8
icu stay	8
sputum samples	8
based method	8
therapeutic options	8
safety profile	8
two years	8
molecular analysis	8
high number	8
peptic ulcer	8
current study	8
spa typing	8
medical care	8
molecular diagnostics	8
bact alert	8
included studies	8
new york	8
dairy products	8
commonly isolated	8
younger adults	8
one week	8
bed days	8
vancomycin resistant	8
pcr analysis	8
statin use	8
significant decrease	8
elisa test	8
rna viruses	8
gisa strains	8
synergy test	8
strains carrying	8
new peptide	8
food poisoning	8
two hospitals	8
sample pooling	8
similar results	8
epidemiological data	8
economic impact	8
table shows	8
esbl genes	8
mdr strains	8
eye protection	8
gene sequencing	8
linear regression	8
seven patients	8
significant association	8
laboratory parameters	8
human bocavirus	8
found among	8
gastric biopsy	8
serological assays	8
including multi	8
one virus	8
cause mortality	8
prospective studies	8
viral replication	8
nasopharyngeal aspirates	8
acute lower	8
higher prevalence	8
significant reduction	8
identify patients	8
mic lg	8
general practitioners	8
pfge types	8
higher among	8
crp levels	8
adult population	8
cox regression	8
sentry antimicrobial	8
biochemical tests	8
four strains	8
obtained using	8
mpcr systems	8
nccls criteria	8
clone i	8
antibacterial agents	8
detected among	8
mutation frequency	8
aseptic meningitis	8
generation cephalosporin	8
virus detection	8
kill kinetics	8
requiring intensive	8
critical condition	8
typing method	8
risk score	8
streptococcal infections	8
vaccination coverage	8
infection due	8
infectious agents	8
producing escherichia	8
increased significantly	8
pfge type	8
viral titre	8
log reduction	8
highly sensitive	8
patients presenting	8
nested pcr	8
type fimbriae	8
synovial fluids	8
statistical methods	8
stec strains	8
fold mic	8
sore throat	8
screening test	8
gastrointestinal symptoms	8
also showed	8
antimicrobial consumption	8
pneumoniae atcc	8
haemolytic streptococci	8
different strains	8
control subjects	8
resistant pneumococci	8
resistance determinant	8
response rate	8
viruses detected	8
viridans streptococci	8
sequence types	8
clinical settings	8
viral aetiology	8
critical care	8
method using	8
months mortality	8
three mpcrs	8
west nile	8
requiring hospitalization	8
test result	8
viral meningitis	8
hs hs	8
propensity score	8
false positive	8
independently associated	8
susceptibility profile	8
research production	8
clonal relationship	8
standard deviation	8
antibody responses	8
commonly encountered	8
different hospitals	8
pcr rad	8
mics mg	8
disease burden	8
turnaround times	8
hospitalized adults	8
mupa gene	8
vitro antimicrobial	8
growth rate	8
also included	8
clinical signs	8
available data	8
coronavirus pneumonia	8
moraxella catarrhalis	8
organic acids	8
pvl gene	8
descriptive study	8
cytokine storm	8
lactamase inhibitors	8
laboratory tests	8
validation cohort	8
population analysis	8
significant morbidity	8
salmonella spp	8
melting temperature	8
viral contamination	8
years period	8
ventilated patients	8
may cause	8
viral genome	7
studies reported	7
antibacterial therapy	7
asymptomatic carriers	7
levofloxacin mic	7
matched controls	7
small sample	7
culture results	7
including patients	7
genes among	7
bordetella pertussis	7
phase ii	7
baseline characteristics	7
compartment model	7
receiver operating	7
selected species	7
across different	7
cytotoxin assay	7
two days	7
severe clinical	7
study confirms	7
toxoplasma gondii	7
northern italy	7
one study	7
using supplied	7
viable count	7
ehrlichia anaplasma	7
virulence gene	7
body fluids	7
level gentamicin	7
tertiary hospitals	7
anaerobic infections	7
empirical treatment	7
neutropenic patients	7
neonatal intensive	7
deep sequencing	7
primer pair	7
acid extraction	7
tandem repeat	7
first two	7
hospital setting	7
histological examination	7
results confirm	7
significantly shorter	7
causative pathogen	7
using pfge	7
may increase	7
among strains	7
without respiratory	7
phage typing	7
discriminatory power	7
external quality	7
level mupirocin	7
moxifloxacin concentrations	7
methods used	7
supplied broth	7
clinical use	7
reference strain	7
first hours	7
experimental studies	7
efflux phenotype	7
study entry	7
culture negative	7
target attainment	7
anthrax strains	7
nucleic acids	7
using elisa	7
methicillin susceptible	7
human pathogen	7
triple combinations	7
communityacquired pneumonia	7
febrile illness	7
specimens positive	7
selective media	7
negative control	7
novel des	7
cervical lymphadenitis	7
aureus mrs	7
efflux pumps	7
average age	7
six isolates	7
aortic heart	7
successfully treated	7
mean value	7
clinical relevance	7
mdr phenotype	7
vitek mic	7
per protocol	7
continuous variables	7
kb cells	7
different antibiotics	7
healthcare settings	7
pcr positive	7
possible role	7
salmonella enteritidis	7
rvp assay	7
many countries	7
diagnostic testing	7
patients requiring	7
normally distributed	7
gastrointestinal tract	7
high mic	7
control patients	7
human isolates	7
first positive	7
performance characteristics	7
acquired ampc	7
autoimmune diseases	7
high rates	7
severely ill	7
clonal diversity	7
urine culture	7
organ transplant	7
european union	7
important cause	7
efflux pump	7
risk groups	7
human serum	7
enterobacter cloacae	7
also confirmed	7
western area	7
near future	7
heart valves	7
sample taker	7
used antibiotics	7
membrane protein	7
bacterial aetiology	7
viral inactivation	7
among hospitalized	7
pk analysis	7
po qd	7
healthcare professionals	7
genetic element	7
human infection	7
glycopeptides use	7
new antimicrobial	7
resistant staphylococci	7
human respiratory	7
critical illness	7
invasive pneumococcal	7
tract pathogens	7
antibiotic classes	7
klebsiella species	7
disk test	7
rn muts	7
different time	7
moderate cases	7
mg oral	7
monoclonal antibodies	7
brain tissue	7
first day	7
fq resistance	7
chronic respiratory	7
single mg	7
clinical suspicion	7
index case	7
shock syndrome	7
ermb gene	7
replicate plates	7
east respiratory	7
bacterial pcr	7
wound infections	7
human adenovirus	7
hcv infection	7
thoracic surgery	7
cfia gene	7
labelled probes	7
patient samples	7
total costs	7
treatment cost	7
eortc msg	7
low number	7
organ failure	7
asteroides i	7
bloodstream isolates	7
dosing interval	7
among different	7
two independent	7
atpase gene	7
unknown origin	7
susceptibility pattern	7
copy number	7
acute phase	7
survival rates	7
mtbdr assay	7
major problem	7
time reverse	7
igm antibody	7
ampicillin sulbactam	7
patients suspected	7
production among	7
another study	7
salmonella typhimurium	7
mice treated	7
collection systems	7
positive control	7
phylogenetic group	7
nosocomial transmission	7
positive species	7
transplant patients	7
two main	7
preliminary data	7
cu mm	7
medical devices	7
influenza infections	7
serum concentration	7
cynomolgus monkey	7
susceptibility results	7
ten years	7
pfge analysis	7
orf ab	7
study protocol	7
species isolated	7
toxin gene	7
human disease	7
susceptible isolates	7
phenotypic typing	7
like receptors	7
enrolled patients	7
overall prevalence	7
neisseria meningitidis	7
seven strains	7
hiv infection	7
except one	7
caecal contents	7
will allow	7
appropriate antibiotic	7
diagnostic tool	7
hand washing	7
igg igm	7
pcr system	7
increased likelihood	7
single oral	7
prescription rates	7
incidence rates	7
significant correlation	7
blood concentrations	7
mechanically ventilated	7
attributable mortality	7
clinical situations	7
environmental contamination	7
wide spectrum	7
comparative study	7
become available	7
vitro antibiotic	7
co score	7
postantibiotic effect	7
less frequent	7
samples tested	7
commonly identified	7
isolated species	7
lung cancer	7
control groups	7
grampositive bacteria	7
tonsillar tissue	7
versus vancomycin	7
western europe	7
supplementary data	7
clinical setting	7
resistance profiles	7
primary infection	7
tuberculous abscess	7
saline solutions	7
steady state	7
rd generation	7
particular interest	7
blood donors	7
epidermidis strains	7
antibiotic usage	7
phage therapy	7
toxinotype iii	7
environmental surfaces	7
per day	7
health authorities	7
pneumococcal meningitis	7
reference methods	7
specific clinical	7
visa isolates	7
infection may	7
stem cell	7
mrsa infection	7
automated system	7
human parainfluenza	7
hiv aids	7
molecular mechanisms	7
first line	7
negative staphylococcus	7
seasonal distribution	7
coli atcc	7
poor prognoses	7
form biofilms	7
single step	7
methicillinresistant staphylococcus	7
rank test	7
isolates resistant	7
clonal complexes	7
chronic bronchitis	7
acute pyelonephritis	7
pathogenic strains	7
biofilm production	7
far east	7
may affect	7
mef genes	7
groups according	7
streptococcus viridans	7
preventive measures	7
surgical drainage	7
asymptomatic bacteriuria	7
probable ia	7
mueller hinton	7
viral detection	7
loading dose	7
molecular diagnosis	7
community transmission	7
species distribution	7
isolates contained	7
nitric oxide	7
mssa strains	7
year prospective	7
common cold	7
pooling strategies	7
two university	7
high incidence	7
acquired resistance	7
mononuclear cells	7
hospital wards	7
clinical findings	7
bacteria isolated	7
also identified	6
pneumococcal disease	6
rapid spread	6
microgram ml	6
bus drivers	6
virus disease	6
patients presented	6
tigecycline also	6
ambulatory care	6
respiratory secretions	6
aureus isolated	6
modified intent	6
patients might	6
major abscess	6
patients may	6
children presenting	6
ammassalik district	6
ward closure	6
susceptible strain	6
inflammatory disease	6
diagnostic accuracies	6
antibacterial effect	6
appropriate antimicrobial	6
drug exposure	6
acnes strains	6
mic determination	6
ulcer dyspepsia	6
mssa isolates	6
phenotypic tests	6
national surveillance	6
among isolates	6
viasure test	6
study aims	6
treatment option	6
runny nose	6
sex ratio	6
aureus including	6
urine cultures	6
copies per	6
day old	6
chlamydia psittaci	6
hemorrhagic fever	6
microbiological data	6
infection rate	6
predominant pathogen	6
mobile phones	6
el tor	6
proviral dna	6
cases reported	6
positive anaerobic	6
showed reduced	6
difficile strain	6
bacillus cereus	6
pyogenes isolates	6
assay detected	6
rapid method	6
infected individuals	6
routine laboratory	6
study participants	6
previously reported	6
bpr mg	6
legionella species	6
data showed	6
viable counts	6
european commission	6
results demonstrate	6
renal transplant	6
leukocyte count	6
therapeutic challenge	6
agar diffusion	6
risk patients	6
high levels	6
two weeks	6
innate immune	6
aged broth	6
age distribution	6
natural focuses	6
invasive pulmonary	6
parent strains	6
rare event	6
mic levels	6
large collection	6
otitis externa	6
pylori strains	6
invasive disease	6
control team	6
clinical context	6
nucleotide polymorphisms	6
erythromycin resistant	6
new antimicrobials	6
specimens collected	6
mean serum	6
hospital settings	6
wound healing	6
molecular point	6
molecular detection	6
hts results	6
novel hastv	6
validated hplc	6
using non	6
erythrocyte sedimentation	6
vs days	6
viral sequences	6
barr virus	6
pressure ulcers	6
lung injury	6
family members	6
mic testing	6
rat model	6
cache valley	6
positive organisms	6
study drugs	6
associated coronavirus	6
cq hospitals	6
based hand	6
foot infections	6
rank order	6
clinical improvement	6
fatal disease	6
acid resistance	6
strains exhibited	6
epidemic period	6
quinolone resistant	6
european surveillance	6
nosocomial outbreaks	6
initial empiric	6
antibiotic treatments	6
group compared	6
beta lactam	6
within min	6
birth weight	6
coronary heart	6
pyogenic abscess	6
therapeutic categories	6
crushed tablets	6
urinary antigen	6
vana phenotype	6
fungal pathogens	6
study aimed	6
days later	6
azole resistance	6
highly infectious	6
psoas abscess	6
european society	6
polymicrobial infections	6
participating centres	6
discordant results	6
among healthy	6
cass gall	6
pneumoniae clinical	6
time periods	6
ethics committee	6
pd parameters	6
resistance surveillance	6
positive elisa	6
sample takers	6
teaching hospitals	6
viral aetiologies	6
low risk	6
laboratory data	6
high throughput	6
limited data	6
national institute	6
tissue penetration	6
dengue infection	6
epidemic potential	6
day course	6
microscopic examination	6
chronic gastritis	6
child care	6
control practices	6
cp patients	6
microbiologically evaluable	6
total cost	6
primer pairs	6
brain specimens	6
routine clinical	6
mixed infection	6
phylogenetic analyses	6
type iii	6
antimicrobial stewardship	6
based methods	6
increasing concentrations	6
pressure ulcer	6
adverse reactions	6
bacteria including	6
mefa genes	6
four cases	6
study using	6
samples received	6
bone infections	6
endemic regions	6
urease test	6
treat patients	6
disseminated infection	6
bottled water	6
high degree	6
animal model	6
approximately one	6
specific igm	6
spectrum antimicrobials	6
fully susceptible	6
treatment options	6
early phase	6
primer sets	6
higher sensitivity	6
routinely used	6
asymptomatic infection	6
using real	6
molecular design	6
nccls reference	6
isolates carrying	6
including mrsa	6
lactate dehydrogenase	6
frequently found	6
time mic	6
using different	6
sensu lato	6
future studies	6
mic distribution	6
body weight	6
realtime detection	6
helicobacter spp	6
matrix pooling	6
complicated intra	6
pathogen detection	6
pine core	6
negative samples	6
normal renal	6
identified among	6
simplex virus	6
increasing resistance	6
resistance data	6
treatment period	6
pyrosequencing method	6
pcr negative	6
negative result	6
immunodeficiency diseases	6
care attendance	6
results also	6
laboratory testing	6
times higher	6
particular importance	6
specimen collection	6
bacterial dna	6
serial dilutions	6
demographic characteristics	6
antigen test	6
liver transplantation	6
shelter hospital	6
nucleotide sequence	6
acne patients	6
enterovirus rhinovirus	6
using spss	6
microbiological analysis	6
hospitalized children	6
medical resources	6
pneumonia requiring	6
may contribute	6
also evaluated	6
laboratory diagnosis	6
peritonitis model	6
new agents	6
normal limits	6
dna fragments	6
rd period	6
lesser extent	6
lyme disease	6
least days	6
less frequently	6
mupirocin resistant	6
linked immunosorbent	6
efflux systems	6
operating characteristic	6
multicentre study	6
restriction enzyme	6
reactive arthritis	6
rrna sequencing	6
innate immunity	6
pneumoniae infections	6
isolates harboured	6
main transmission	6
qc strains	6
diseases society	6
using dna	6
pk parameters	6
potential risk	6
adjunctive therapy	6
pool size	6
liver function	6
sequence data	6
significant role	6
main cause	6
drug efflux	6
standard methodology	6
borrelia burgdorferi	6
nucleotide sequences	6
standards institute	6
study compared	6
study demonstrated	6
causative agents	6
realtime pcr	6
animal bites	6
diagnostic tools	6
written consent	6
single intravenous	6
data support	6
rhinovirus infections	6
baba gene	6
antiviral drugs	6
predominant pathogens	6
acid sequences	6
clonal spread	6
direct detection	6
horizontal transmission	6
cps pcr	6
quality controls	6
coli isolated	6
widely distributed	6
strains studied	6
important gram	6
corneal scrapes	6
core wood	6
pathogens isolated	6
resistant bacterial	6
recent reports	6
dna copies	6
imipenem mic	6
antigen tests	6
monoclonal antibody	6
drug concentration	6
conjunctival swabs	6
aspergillus fumigatus	6
aureus bacteraemia	6
bl mice	6
vdrl virablot	6
lactamase inhibitor	6
immunosorbent assay	6
experimental conditions	6
assessed using	6
suspected cases	6
different methods	6
specific rt	6
class integron	6
flow conditions	6
among hcws	6
vor iv	6
dosing regimens	6
tigecycline presented	6
intact tablets	6
high concentrations	6
pk data	6
different pfge	6
increasing prevalence	6
host immune	6
may indicate	6
agar supplemented	6
low quality	6
also significantly	6
regression analyses	6
clinical impact	6
erm genes	6
rapid influenza	6
sars outbreak	6
adjusted mueller	6
pdf inhibitor	6
preterm delivery	6
acute heart	6
fold lower	6
penicillin susceptibility	6
influenza diagnostic	6
multiple mechanisms	6
classification algorithm	6
phenotypic resistance	6
different patients	6
cell transplant	6
molecular tests	6
hospital discharge	6
mild disease	6
different genetic	6
significantly less	6
swab specimens	6
quaternary ammonium	6
stationary phase	6
topical ocular	6
population pk	6
efflux positive	6
reverse transcriptase	6
bacterial contamination	6
wuchang district	6
nine isolates	6
without fever	6
rate constant	6
beta lactamase	6
positive viral	6
severe renal	6
patients required	6
tested negative	6
acinetobacter baumanii	6
normal range	6
antibody response	6
probably due	6
mg loading	6
ampc beta	6
study conducted	6
mutation frequencies	6
replicating virus	6
transcription loop	6
type beta	6
francisella tularensis	6
tuberculous sd	6
patients within	6
tested compounds	6
mg twice	6
intermediate resistance	6
data presented	6
salmonella enterica	6
children less	6
biochemical identification	6
conjugation experiments	6
vanb genes	6
transmission setting	6
causative pathogens	6
nccls recommendations	6
atypical bacteria	6
one hour	6
disease caused	6
sudden onset	6
lc pcr	6
older patients	6
direct microscopy	6
acute infection	6
active agents	6
pharmacokinetic data	6
compared groups	6
primary immunodeficiency	6
glucose non	6
appropriate treatment	6
relative risk	6
rna copies	6
may occur	6
normal intestinal	6
health service	6
genetic elements	5
culture bottles	5
practice guidelines	5
second half	5
forming units	5
peak mic	5
multivariate logistic	5
treated group	5
concentration range	5
postoperative pneumonia	5
mutant prevention	5
erg gene	5
lnz treatment	5
isoelectric focusing	5
species specific	5
except hiv	5
enterococcus species	5
gene cassette	5
emergency departments	5
among women	5
severity index	5
medical center	5
many years	5
mrsa clone	5
strains expressing	5
chi square	5
mini kit	5
general practice	5
one respiratory	5
prevention concentration	5
study indicates	5
anaerobic conditions	5
antifungal drugs	5
inappropriate use	5
heart infusion	5
showed lower	5
point mutations	5
promoter region	5
time nasba	5
two consecutive	5
antimicrobial drugs	5
quality assessment	5
acrb mutant	5
previously associated	5
testing methods	5
shigella spp	5
college station	5
new molecular	5
every day	5
serum sample	5
acute cough	5
ctx lg	5
brucella isolates	5
five strains	5
ampc enzymes	5
staphylococcus haemolyticus	5
study date	5
health protection	5
caga gene	5
clinical presentations	5
integrated analysis	5
fungicidal activity	5
strongly associated	5
gram staining	5
fresh broth	5
naturally occurring	5
young age	5
opportunistic pathogens	5
rna detection	5
time dependent	5
growing concern	5
eu clone	5
four regions	5
following criteria	5
chronic medical	5
impact factor	5
gut microbiota	5
mrsa strain	5
type enzymes	5
nocardia isolates	5
six consecutive	5
main objective	5
last two	5
ear fluid	5
conventional culture	5
blood sera	5
detected viruses	5
costs per	5
pfge profile	5
plastic surface	5
elbow pji	5
quantitative pcr	5
chronic conditions	5
bacterial strain	5
halo subgroup	5
chlamydia pnenmoniae	5
class glycylcycline	5
infect dis	5
dna sequences	5
microarray technology	5
nine strains	5
common source	5
consecutive seasons	5
low mic	5
cvc blood	5
active surveillance	5
teta gene	5
phase growth	5
south korea	5
chinese medicine	5
encoding phage	5
biopsy specimens	5
ceftriaxone plus	5
will increase	5
genetic markers	5
probe prodesse	5
eligible patients	5
asymptomatic hcws	5
asymptomatic individuals	5
also analysed	5
cdt genes	5
secondary infection	5
clinical importance	5
verigene rv	5
well established	5
susceptible staphylococcus	5
recent outbreaks	5
toxigenic clostridium	5
moxifloxacin group	5
complete clinical	5
burn centre	5
microbiologic efficacy	5
elevated ast	5
among clinical	5
detected respiratory	5
dose adjustments	5
aureus colonization	5
faecium clones	5
vaginal swabs	5
spontaneous sd	5
agar medium	5
coronavirus infection	5
individual tests	5
secondary bacterial	5
oxacillin resistance	5
newly developed	5
wound colonisation	5
clonal types	5
official publication	5
clinical criteria	5
placenta amnion	5
commonly occurring	5
laboratory medicine	5
colonised patients	5
dressing changes	5
patient characteristics	5
expert opinion	5
body mass	5
prevalence survey	5
culture positivity	5
salmonella serotypes	5
creatinine clearance	5
amplified products	5
clinical guidelines	5
infected children	5
glomerular filtration	5
serious adverse	5
valent pneumococcal	5
isolates revealed	5
new insights	5
culture plates	5
although similar	5
time period	5
frequently associated	5
strain identification	5
may improve	5
study demonstrates	5
infection worldwide	5
aureus carriage	5
blood levels	5
inoculated onto	5
without previous	5
use density	5
outcomes included	5
oral gavage	5
retrospectively reviewed	5
community setting	5
mics values	5
new approach	5
ampc producers	5
enrichment broth	5
antibiotics used	5
treponema vdrl	5
bacteroides species	5
bacterial suspensions	5
surveillance data	5
national guidelines	5
bacteroides strains	5
phenotypic methods	5
pd models	5
routine testing	5
intracellular activity	5
strong association	5
standard protocols	5
moxifloxacin showed	5
viral transport	5
well plates	5
microtitre plate	5
phage types	5
lumbar puncture	5
different clinical	5
throat swab	5
test methods	5
public hospitals	5
venous catheter	5
kidney disease	5
prospectively included	5
vanb phenotype	5
rhinovirus transmission	5
nursing home	5
faecal specimens	5
foreign travel	5
two multiplex	5
sputum production	5
commonly associated	5
mic results	5
total use	5
valve ie	5
lyme borreliosis	5
among adults	5
genetic determinants	5
laminar flow	5
campylobacter species	5
pharmacodynamic model	5
anaerobic cocci	5
hajj pilgrimage	5
fomite transmission	5
mouse models	5
concentration effect	5
vivo activity	5
epidemic spread	5
healthcare system	5
test performance	5
data set	5
effective treatment	5
vp gene	5
samples using	5
new emerging	5
antifungal treatment	5
increasingly important	5
cardiovascular diseases	5
gastric mucosa	5
microbiological methods	5
developed countries	5
patient age	5
skin nasal	5
plasmid mediated	5
four hundred	5
among hospital	5
typhimurium dt	5
characteristic curve	5
higher viral	5
normal phenotype	5
combined treatment	5
broth dilution	5
slightly higher	5
collected data	5
positive tests	5
gyra gene	5
genotype mtbdr	5
tandem repeats	5
mrkd genes	5
previous month	5
also associated	5
i specimens	5
high specificity	5
mutations associated	5
diagnostic oral	5
virus type	5
broth supplemented	5
whole genome	5
also performed	5
three times	5
fluid concentrations	5
treated subjects	5
lassa fever	5
inflammatory responses	5
three main	5
literature search	5
agents still	5
learning algorithms	5
isolates produced	5
lg equiv	5