Distant Reader - author-parkerHenry-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-23 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 33 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 417,948 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 12,665 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 88. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

king, may, yet, power, us, will, now, parliament, kings, god, law, men, one, must, shall, without, people, much, great, england, also, first, many, though, therefore, things, princes, good, man, onely, text, state, might, make, made, well, religion, time, church, right, english, thing, true, ever, government, let, parliaments, either, part, nothing

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Observations upon some of His Majesties late answers and expresses, Scotlands holy vvar a discourse truly, and plainly remonstrating, how the Scots out of a corrupt pretended zeal to the covenant have made the same scandalous, and odious to all good men, and how by religious pretexts of saving the peace of Great Brittain they have irreligiously involved us all in a most pernitious warre / by H.P. ..., and The true grounds of ecclesiasticall regiment set forth in a briefe dissertation. Maintaining the Kings spirituall supremacie against the pretended independencie of the prelates, &c. Together, vvith some passages touching the ecclesiasticall power of parliaments, the use of synods, and the power of excommunication..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

roman non, english books, early english, books online, let us, must needs, textual changes, page images, defects per, amongst us, major part, early works, arbitrary power, much lesse, whole kingdome, one man, king may, two houses, may bee, nothing else, kings party, end users, many walks, stationer meant, metadata enrichments, professional end, includes standard, linguistically annotated, english short, enriched version, enrichments aim, archaic forms, annotation includes, based collaborative, standard spellings, computationally tractable, changes aim, every man, standardized format, digital transcription, fully proofread, title catalog, short title, preserves archaic, collaborative curation, tcp digital, work described, iv tiff, encoded edition, proofread approx

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Some few observations upon His Majesties late answer to the declaration or remonstance of the Lords and Commons of the 19 of May, 1642 Mr. William Wheelers case from his own relation, and The vintners answer to some scandalous phamphlets [sic] published as is supposed by Richard Kilvert and abetted in some points by his brother Roger and Alderman Abel wherein the vintners vindicate their owne reputations to the world for satisfaction of all such as know not the said Kilvert wretched and lewed conversation : or have credited his foule impudent defamations suggested against them..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

king, parliament, law, state, england, god, princes, english, religion, kingdome, church, nations, lawes, ireland, subjects, government, court, bishops, works, states, sir, scots, scotland, saviour, roman, replicant, priests, power, order, ministers, lord, london, laws, kings, engines, ecclesiasticall, company, commons, authority, army, accommodation, wines, vnion, vintners, treaty, trade, table, ship, scotch, sacrifice

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be king, and The danger to England observed, upon its deserting the high court of Parliament. Humbly desired by all loyall and dutifull subjects to bee presented to his Most Excellent Majestie. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

power, men, kings, people, things, man, time, thing, text, nothing, part, times, reason, place, religion, case, subjects, end, right, nature, self, others, king, words, t, hands, world, way, government, cause, persons, parliaments, ▪, name, force, order, consent, peace, authority, hath, word, spirituall, matters, state, honour, body, use, selfe, party, person

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, have, were, had, did, been, being, has, make, made, let, see, do, say, know, take, give, according, having, said, does, bee, done, taken, set, given, put, doe, found, come, am, makes, left, concerning, prove, granted, think, held, deny, thought, use, making, used, called, hath, needs, stand

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

king, parliament, god, law, england, princes, church, c., state, english, wee, prince, lawes, hath, kingdome, court, kings, scotland, ireland, altar, lords, t, henry, covenant, lesse, religion, commons, government, london, doe, papists, gods, parliaments, lord, ●, judges, generall, scots, ecclesiasticall, owne, laws, parker, bishops, puritans, authority, sir, monarchy, nations, kingdom, 〉

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, they, he, their, i, our, we, them, us, you, my, him, me, your, themselves, its, her, himself, thee, she, thy, ours, yours, theirs, one, ha, whereof, mine, ian, ts, hers, whosoever, vvith, unarm''d, severall, s, ourselves, ●, yourself, ye, whence, l, jt, itself, hitherto, beg''d

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, same, more, great, many, own, good, much, true, whole, common, non, first, -, roman, particular, last, new, necessary, private, due, most, better, sufficient, present, little, greater, free, late, contrary, absolute, former, next, early, few, sacred, best, english, fit, like, publike, least, meere, divine, very, arbitrary, proper, further, strange

not, so, then, more, now, as, yet, also, most, therefore, onely, well, here, ever, only, very, rather, too, never, first, up, much, all, even, at, there, still, out, far, whatsoever, further, thus, else, away, just, in, sometimes, together, therein, almost, thereof, especially, before, perhaps, long, thereby, secondly, better, often, off

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.