Distant Reader - subject-protestants-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 47 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 901,245 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 19,175 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 87. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

will, may, one, god, us, shall, religion, church, king, protestants, made, yet, great, many, make, without, christ, lord, time, gent, much, men, now, de, therefore, also, good, must, first, man, doth, faith, saith, well, say, people, protestant, non, things, thing, hee, power, might, true, kingdom, though, place, england, every, john

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Certamen religiosum, or, A conference between the late King of England and the late Lord Marquesse of Worcester concerning religion together with a vindication of the Protestant cause from the pretences of the Marquesse his last papers which the necessity of the King''s affaires denyed him oportunity to answer., The state of the Protestants of Ireland under the late King James''s government in which their carriage towards him is justified, and the absolute necessity of their endeavouring to be freed from his government, and of submitting to their present Majesties is demonstrated., and The great pressures and grievances of the Protestants in France and their apology to the late ordinances made against them : both out of the Edict of Nantes, and several other fundamental laws of France : and that these new illegalities, and their miseries are contrived by the Pop. Bishops arbitrary power / gathered and digested by E. E. of Greys Inn ... ; humbly dedicated to His Majesty of Great Britain in Parliament..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

king james, reformed religion, early english, english books, books online, pretended reformed, protestant religion, let us, page images, every one, creation partnership, text creation, one another, tells us, hee saith, roman catholicks, jesus christ, holy ghost, characters represented, tcp schema, represented either, image sets, monsieur maimbourg, roman church, true church, saith hee, imperial majesty, will never, must needs, protestant subjects, take away, early works, non est, god doth, god will, like manner, french king, catholick religion, french protestants, roman catholick, catholick church, every thing, taken away, late king, esq john, iv tiff, financial support, asking permission, tiff page, markup reviewed

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are An edict of the French king prohibiting all publick exercise of the pretended reformed religion in his kingdom wherein he recalls and totally annuls the perpetual and irrevocable edict of King Henry the IV, his grandfather, given at Nantes, full of most gracious concessions to Protestants : to which is added, the French king''s letter to the Elector of Brandenburg, containing several passages relating to the foregoing edict : as also, a brief and true account of the persecution carried on against those of the foresaid religion ... : together with the form of abjuration the revolting Protestants are to subscribe and swear to, and a declaration of His Electoral Highness of Brandenburg ... / translated out of French. An edict of the French King prohibiting all publick exercise of the pretended reformed religion in his kingdom wherein he recalls and totally annuls the perpetual and irrevocable edict of King Henry the IV, his grandfather, given at Nantes, full of most gracious concessions to protestants : together with a brief and true account of the persecution carried on against those of the foresaid religion for to make them abjure and apostatize : to which is added to form of abjuration the revolting protestants are to subscribe and swear to : with a declaration of his Electoral Highness of Brandenburg, in favour of those of the reformed religion, who shall think fit to settle themselves in any of his dominions / translated out of French., and The French king''s decree against Protestants, prohibiting them the exercise of their religion, &c. to which is added a brief and true account of the cruel persecution and inhumane oppressions of those of the reformed religion to make them abjure and apostatize : together with the form of abjuration the revolting Protestants are to subscribe and swear to, and a declaration of his Electoral Highness of Brandenburgh ... : also a letter from Father La Chese ... to Father Petre ... / newly translated from the French..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, church, protestants, religion, king, god, lord, kingdom, people, majesty, pope, france, subjects, spirit, prince, laws, faith, england, clergy, city, catholick, world, souldiers, roman, reformed, protestant, parliament, papists, ministers, law, english, edict, court, christian, christ, war, sword, scripture, sacrament, pretended, power, popes, nantes, monsieur, men, marquesse, majesties, london, justice, irish

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The loyal Protestants vindication, fairly offered to all those sober minds who have the art of using reason, and the power of suppressing passion by a Queen Elizabeth Protestant. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, religion, things, thing, man, people, men, place, words, others, nothing, power, way, reason, places, doth, faith, part, gent, day, subjects, text, p., hath, scripture, ad, manner, life, death, order, years, viz, cap, body, one, word, hee, persons, hands, end, truth, kings, 〈, matter, cause, fathers, none, interest, works, nature

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, have, was, are, were, had, said, been, being, made, do, did, make, say, take, see, give, let, having, done, given, put, has, according, come, know, found, taken, set, find, came, called, believe, think, hold, sent, am, concerning, hath, left, brought, thought, pretended, go, suffer, used, received, call, bring

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, church, king, protestants, 〉, christ, lord, c., 〈, religion, de, kingdom, r., protestant, england, ◊, john, france, james, majesty, gent, edict, law, tcp, est, hath, english, ireland, prince, rome, esq, william, sir, marquesse, parliament, papists, estates, thou, faith, catholick, laws, p., reformed, court, ●, s., henry, lib, act, men

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, their, his, them, he, i, we, our, him, you, us, your, themselves, my, me, her, himself, thy, she, its, thee, one, theirs, ours, ''em, ye, yours, mine, ''s, vp, s, em, itself, hee, au, hers, beg''d, ●, yeere, whereof, non, herself, e''re, ô, á, à, yourselves, yee, wart

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, same, many, great, own, good, true, more, first, much, whole, little, present, several, last, most, particular, late, new, least, general, saith, greater, free, necessary, few, second, common, former, early, able, very, poor, certain, better, full, publick, greatest, contrary, english, french, old, possible, holy, like, sufficient, doth, non, private

not, so, then, only, as, now, therefore, more, also, most, well, up, very, yet, out, never, thus, much, here, there, ever, even, away, onely, indeed, too, rather, first, far, in, together, all, before, still, on, down, no, likewise, ibid, otherwise, especially, long, whatsoever, off, again, immediately, else, already, often, just

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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