Distant Reader - subject-ordination-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 834,963 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 75,905 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 87. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

church, one, may, god, will, bishops, bishop, power, yet, christ, men, shall, churches, people, us, must, ordination, presbyters, therefore, many, man, first, ministers, also, much, without, apostles, now, though, made, office, things, mr, make, say, government, great, ministry, word, work, time, scripture, hands, called, ordained, every, good, well, thing, paul

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Five disputations of church-government and worship by Richard Baxter., Jus divinum ministerii evangelici. Or The divine right of the Gospel-ministry: divided into two parts. The first part containing a justification of the Gospel-ministry in general. The necessity of ordination thereunto by imposition of hands. The unlawfulnesse of private mens assuming to themselves either the office or work of the ministry without a lawfull call and ordination. The second part containing a justification of the present ministers of England, both such as were ordained during the prevalency of episcopacy from the foul aspersion of anti-christianism: and those who have been ordained since its abolition, from the unjust imputation of novelty: proving that a bishop and presbyter are all one in Scripture; and that ordination by presbyters is most agreeable to the Scripture-patern. Together with an appendix, wherein the judgement and practice of antiquity about the whole matter of episcopacy, and especially about the ordination of ministers, is briefly discussed. Published by the Provincial Assembly of London., and Tentamen novum continuatum. Or, An answer to Mr Owen''s Plea and defense. Wherein Bishop Pearson''s chronology about the time of St. Paul''s constituting Timothy Bishop of Ephesus, and Titus of Crete, is confirm''d; the second epistle to Timothy demonstrated to have been written in the apostle''s latter imprisonment at Rome; and all Mr. Owen''s arguments drawn from antiquity for Presbyterian parity and ordination by presbyters, are overthrown. Herein is more particularly prov''d, that the Church of England, ever since the Reformation, believ''d the divine right of bishops. By Thomas Gipps, rector of Bury in Lancashire..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

holy ghost, must needs, new testament, jesus christ, let us, lords supper, particular church, every one, divine right, reformed churches, scripture times, tells us, divine institution, every man, particular churches, among us, man may, many churches, one another, much less, second epistle, every church, true church, one man, primitive church, will say, tell us, one bishop, one thing, one church, common wealth, english books, early english, old testament, one place, meer presbyters, christian church, take heed, church government, one congregation, diocesan bishops, every city, true ministers, books online, popular government, catholick church, may make, whole church, hundred years, will never

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The prerogative of popular government. A politicall discourse in two books. The former containing the first præliminary of Oceana, inlarged, interpreted, and vindicated from all such mistakes or slanders as have been alledged against it under the notion of objections. The second concerning ordination, against Dr. H. Hamond, Dr. L. Seaman, and the authors they follow. In which two books is contained the whole commonwealth of the Hebrews, or of Israel, senate, people, and magistracy, both as it stood in the institution by Moses, and as it came to be formed after the captivity. As also the different policies introduced into the Church of Christ, during the time of the Apostles. By James Harrington. A form for Church government and ordination of ministers, contained in CXI propositions, propounded to the late Generall Assembly at Edinburgh, 1647. Together with an Act concerning Erastianisme, independencie, and liberty of conscience. Published by authority., and Five disputations of church-government and worship by Richard Baxter..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

church, ordination, churches, ministers, lord, god, scripture, office, law, gospel, christ, bishops, presbyters, power, ministry, government, council, christian, word, timothy, teachers, saints, people, man, ghost, epistle, ephesus, elders, congregation, authority, apostles, apostle, titus, testament, tcp, spirit, sacraments, prophets, paul, pastors, ordinances, orders, order, ordain, magistrate, laws, holy, election, deacons, cor

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be church, and The Bishop of London''s ninth conference with his clergy upon the fifth and tenth injunctions given by the King, February the 15th, 1694/5 held in the years 1695 and 1696. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, people, power, man, ordination, things, time, work, thing, way, hands, p., scripture, words, others, bishops, part, churches, word, reason, place, order, apostles, times, hath, none, nothing, t, ▪, self, ministers, case, world, church, persons, name, office, end, argument, truth, person, doth, day, rest, one, matter, nature, faith, years, form

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, were, had, do, being, been, did, made, make, say, called, ordained, said, take, let, according, give, know, given, see, think, prove, done, come, set, has, having, sent, put, speak, hath, taken, used, am, proved, left, read, believe, came, appointed, find, go, preach, 〈, use, brought

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, church, god, christ, bishop, bishops, presbyters, c., churches, mr., ministry, paul, ministers, government, apostles, office, hath, lord, ●, timothy, minister, o., presbyter, rome, power, sect, law, holy, england, gospel, ephesus, cor, apostle, act, tim, pag, christian, christians, king, l., de, word, epistle, authority, pastors, episcopacy, st., elders

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, he, their, i, them, his, we, him, our, you, us, themselves, my, himself, your, me, her, its, ''em, thy, she, thee, one, theirs, ours, ye, em, yours, †, mine, s, non, yee, ourselves, l, itself, thou, there, severall, 〈, ●, ‖, à, yourselves, whereof, ut, totas, tingle, thieir

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, many, same, more, great, own, first, true, good, common, necessary, much, particular, whole, new, least, ordinary, second, most, former, greater, present, few, able, extraordinary, several, certain, little, saith, better, like, old, private, holy, lawful, best, false, proper, general, sufficient, last, subject, distinct, lawfull, contrary, greatest, very, fit, ancient

not, so, then, therefore, only, also, now, as, more, yet, thus, well, up, here, much, even, most, very, never, first, out, ever, there, together, far, that, is, onely, all, down, rather, in, too, indeed, no, before, still, again, otherwise, on, once, at, already, else, away, forth, especially, long, hence, further

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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