Distant Reader - subject-mass-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 10 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 703,559 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 70,355 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 89. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

christ, body, god, sacrifice, one, bread, pope, de, say, sacrament, saith, also, will, may, words, church, non, yet, holy, masse, shall, sect, est, haue, hee, made, now, first, man, great, time, lord, many, therefore, wine, called, without, doe, christs, thing, word, doth, us, priest, romish, bloud, fathers, see, place, vnto

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Of the institution of the sacrament of the blessed bodie and blood of Christ, (by some called) the masse of Christ eight bookes; discovering the superstitious, sacrilegious, and idolatrous abominations of the Romish masse. Together with the consequent obstinacies, overtures of perjuries, and the heresies discernable in the defenders thereof. By the R. Father in God Thomas L. Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield., Missa triumphans, or, The triumph of the mass wherein all the sophistical and wily arguments of Mr de Rodon against that thrice venerable sacrifice in his funestuous tract by him called, The funeral of the Mass, are fully, formally, and clearly answered : together with an appendix by way of answer to the translators preface / by F.P.M.O.P. Hib., and Two treatises the first, of the liues of the popes, and their doctrine. The second, of the masse: the one and the other collected of that, which the doctors, and ancient councels, and the sacred Scripture do teach. Also, a swarme of false miracles, wherewith Marie de la Visitacion, prioresse de la Annuntiada of Lisbon, deceiued very many: and how she was discouered, and condemned. The second edition in Spanish augmented by the author himselfe, M. Cyprian Valera, and translated into English by Iohn Golburne. 1600..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

iesus christ, christs body, jesus christ, de rodon, de euch, ancient fathers, hoc est, corpus christi, new testament, holy scripture, romish doctors, proper sacrifice, holy ghost, vnto god, corporall presence, holy fathers, est corpus, divers places, corpus meum, bloudy sacrifice, holy supper, de rodons, de missa, saint augustine, saith hee, must needs, set downe, romish church, right hand, saint peter, take away, don alonso, non est, romish masse, saint paul, let us, vnto vs, nothing else, ps answer, christian religion, de la, christ himselfe, iohn de, lords suggester, sacramental species, let vs, haue bene, early english, lords supper, english books

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are At the Court at Whitehall the third of October, 1676. Whereas His Majesty and this board are informed of the bold and open repair made to several places, ... for the hearing of mass, and other worship and services of the Romish Church ... A dissertation with Dr. Heylyn: touching the pretended sacrifice in the Eucharist, by George Hakewill, Doctor in Divinity, and Archdeacon of Surrey. Published by Authority., and The funeral of the mass, or, The mass dead and buried without hope of resurrection translated out of French..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

christ, church, sacrament, lord, god, priest, masse, iesus, scripture, sacrifice, romish, pope, eucharist, christian, body, altar, wine, transubstantiation, testament, supper, saint, roman, passion, mass, father, doctrine, disciples, cup, councell, bread, booke, bishop, augustine, apostle, yee, vnion, truth, text, testimonies, tcp, table, suggester, substance, suarez, spirituall, spanish, spaine, sonne, signe, sence

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be christ, and A treatise of the holy sacrifice of the masse, and excellencies therof. Written in Spanish by the R. F. Ant. de Molina, a Carthusian monke, & translated into English by I.R. of the Society of Iesus. VVith order, hovv to be present at the said Holy Mystery, vvith deuotion & profit is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

body, words, sacrifice, bread, man, time, thing, word, place, people, wine, reason, men, fathers, things, bloud, cap, faith, life, flesh, ad, blood, viz, death, doth, places, hee, part, host, manner, p., nothing, world, hath, himselfe, others, king, eucharist, selfe, name, yeares, day, truth, point, scripture, power, cause, sect, doctrine, owne

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, have, were, say, had, being, said, did, made, called, do, see, make, saying, offered, concerning, according, take, come, taken, let, know, call, seeing, done, haue, put, vnto, offer, hath, brought, bee, been, answer, saith, give, set, heard, held, read, hold, deny, prove, came, died, proved, doe

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

christ, god, 〉, ◊, 〈, pope, de, c., sacrament, church, masse, lord, est, christs, sect, hath, s., chap, ●, lib, sacrifice, doe, iesus, rome, saint, bread, priest, haue, iohn, booke, councell, body, holy, wee, christi, hee, corpus, heaven, esse, bishop, thou, non, romish, jesus, pag, emperour, sed, popes, father, rodon

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, he, they, your, we, i, you, him, our, their, them, my, us, her, me, she, himself, its, themselves, thy, thee, one, ye, ours, vp, yours, vnto, theirs, mine, yee, non, whereof, s, elias, ob, hic, hers, hee, f, yt, yeere, whosoever, vvee, u, thinketh, thēselues, tamen, rescin, quendā

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

same, other, great, many, such, holy, saith, true, first, more, good, romish, proper, new, much, whole, second, false, little, common, present, old, ancient, former, last, third, better, most, own, non, dead, himselfe, wicked, only, high, christian, divine, greater, full, like, least, haue, very, doth, perfect, impossible, figurative, spiritual, different, owne

not, so, then, also, now, therefore, only, more, as, most, thus, yet, very, onely, there, here, well, once, thereof, much, first, properly, even, never, up, consequently, out, else, rather, away, ever, all, together, really, that, often, is, indeed, vs, secondly, above, at, namely, before, otherwise, already, truly, saith, alone, still

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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