Distant Reader - subject-glass-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 5 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 122,330 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 24,466 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 93. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

chap, make, will, may, colour, glass, well, take, must, put, water, fine, one, another, fire, little, powder, let, colours, way, furnace, use, made, two, white, first, much, red, enamel, time, pound, ounces, good, gold, lead, work, crystal, also, shall, crucible, art, matter, whole, dry, making, draw, prepared, together, copper, great

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The art of glass shewing how to make all sorts of glass, crystal and enamel : likewise the making of pearls, precious stones, china and looking-glasses : to which is added, the method of painting on glass and enameling : also how to extract the colours from minerals, metals, herbs and flowers ... : illustrated with proper sculptures / written originally in French, by Mr. H. Blancourt, and now first translated into English ; with an appendix, containing exact instructions for making glass-eyes of all colours., A book of dravving, limning, vvashing or colouring of maps and prints: and the art of painting, with the names and mixtures of colours used by the picture-drawers. Or, The young-mans time well spent. In which, he hath the ground-work to make him fit for doing anything by hand, when he is able to draw well. By the use of this work, you may draw all parts of a man, leggs, armes, hands and feet, severally, and together. And directions for birds, beasts, landskips, ships, and the like. Moreover, you may learn by this tract, to make all sorts of colours; and to grinde and lay them: and to make colours out of colours: and to make gold and silver to write with. How also to diaper and shadow things, and to heighthen them, to stand off: to deepen them, and make them glitter. In this book you have the necessary instruments for drawing, and the use of them, and how to make artificiall pastels to draw withall. Very usefull for all handicrafts, and ingenuous gentlemen and youths. By hammer and hand all arts doe stand., and The art of dravving vvith the pen, and limming in water colours more exactlie then heretofore taught and enlarged with the true manner of painting vpon glasse, the order of making your furnace, annealing, &c. Published, for the behoofe of all young gentlemen, or any els that are desirous for to become practicioners in this excellent, and most ingenious art, by H. Pecham., gent..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

two ounces, another way, well together, crocus martis, make use, natural crystal, must take, precious stones, may make, fine powder, impalpable powder, aqua fortis, one ounce, twenty four, house furnace, four hours, twelve hours, crucible covered, warm water, will make, will give, well purified, four ounces, will shew, cold water, six ounces, must put, early english, three ounces, english books, glazed earthen, glass body, whole well, take two, one part, take care, gentle fire, whole reduced, one pound, made use, two hours, books online, three days, fair water, crystal fritt, preceding chapter, saturnus glorificatus, well melted, earthen pot, take notice

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The true state of the businesse of glasse of all kindes, as it now standeth both in the price of glasse and materialls, how sold these fifteen yeers last past, and how formerly, the price of materialls as they are now bought, and what hath been formerly paid, with a report of the condition of all kindes of glasses. The case of William Gutteridge, and other glass-makers, against passing a pattent for incorporating Sir Joseph Herne, and others, by the name of the glass-makers in the cities of London and Westminster, and ten miles compass of the same, and The art of glass shewing how to make all sorts of glass, crystal and enamel : likewise the making of pearls, precious stones, china and looking-glasses : to which is added, the method of painting on glass and enameling : also how to extract the colours from minerals, metals, herbs and flowers ... : illustrated with proper sculptures / written originally in French, by Mr. H. Blancourt, and now first translated into English ; with an appendix, containing exact instructions for making glass-eyes of all colours..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

water, tcp, shadow, glasse, glass, colour, chap, white, way, vse, vpon, vessel, time, stones, powder, pound, pot, ounces, metal, matter, materialls, manner, lake, hours, haue, grind, great, good, furnace, fire, enamel, crystal, crucible, copper, ceruse, body, art

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be chap, and The case of William Gutteridge, and other glass-makers, against passing a pattent for incorporating Sir Joseph Herne, and others, by the name of the glass-makers in the cities of London and Westminster, and ten miles compass of the same is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

way, colour, p., water, colours, time, use, fire, hours, gold, t, art, part, work, lead, body, manner, chapter, times, bottom, reason, side, place, thing, ounces, days, things, quantity, others, care, whole, picture, pound, grains, parts, face, nothing, text, nature, head, works, end, sorts, pieces, ground, self, paper, painting, ways, stones

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, make, have, take, put, are, let, made, being, draw, do, making, done, give, was, set, add, prepared, has, were, mix, stand, shew, dry, grind, cast, been, lay, find, see, having, use, calcined, shewn, purified, keep, said, used, pour, come, had, work, melt, 〈, found, haue, given, according, become

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

chap, glass, 〉, ◊, colour, 〈, water, furnace, powder, enamel, crystal, crucible, fire, matter, copper, ounces, salt, pot, book, pound, vessel, colours, aqua, white, iron, stone, natural, metal, sulphur, red, lead, crocus, oyl, ounce, tartar, c., earthen, green, ibid, lake, blue, glasse, vitriol, martis, preparation, manganese, tincture, pearl, oriental, haue

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, you, them, your, we, they, i, their, his, our, its, he, us, him, my, themselves, me, her, ''em, one, himself, she, thy, whereof, vp, vnto, theirs, ours, yf, ye, thee, mine, indiffernt, hey, hee

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, fine, little, same, good, great, more, several, first, such, white, red, whole, many, small, true, much, former, better, best, fair, full, last, dry, common, perfect, second, most, clear, hot, cold, black, curious, proper, excellent, fit, ordinary, strong, greater, different, pure, green, warm, thick, impalpable, like, large, own, precious, prepared

then, not, well, so, very, as, more, out, again, also, off, together, thus, only, before, much, in, most, afterwards, too, here, now, over, first, up, away, easily, therefore, thereof, always, enough, otherwise, already, far, on, there, gently, therein, never, all, yet, often, still, even, rather, less, n''t, just, sometimes, soon

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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