This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.
bigram | frequency |
---|---|
respiratory syndrome | 985 |
virus infection | 893 |
infected cells | 805 |
viral rna | 644 |
amino acid | 573 |
type i | 540 |
syndrome coronavirus | 523 |
immune response | 519 |
influenza virus | 516 |
immune responses | 506 |
virus replication | 487 |
acute respiratory | 486 |
viral replication | 468 |
ebola virus | 461 |
middle east | 415 |
east respiratory | 400 |
viral infection | 377 |
severe acute | 372 |
respiratory tract | 371 |
cell lines | 348 |
zika virus | 347 |
innate immune | 346 |
rna viruses | 334 |
infectious bronchitis | 307 |
neutralizing antibodies | 288 |
respiratory syncytial | 285 |
cell culture | 283 |
epithelial cells | 282 |
immunodeficiency virus | 278 |
syncytial virus | 278 |
gene expression | 277 |
viral proteins | 272 |
antiviral activity | 270 |
endoplasmic reticulum | 254 |
vero cells | 251 |
cell line | 250 |
cell surface | 244 |
cord uid | 243 |
doc id | 243 |
viruses doi | 243 |
dengue virus | 240 |
bronchitis virus | 240 |
fever virus | 239 |
host cell | 228 |
encephalitis virus | 225 |
viral infections | 225 |
syndrome virus | 225 |
porcine reproductive | 222 |
porcine epidemic | 221 |
rna synthesis | 219 |
west nile | 219 |
dendritic cells | 213 |
amino acids | 212 |
epidemic diarrhea | 207 |
plasma membrane | 203 |
feline infectious | 203 |
rna polymerase | 203 |
previously described | 203 |
infectious peritonitis | 202 |
nile virus | 199 |
diarrhea virus | 196 |
immune system | 191 |
virus type | 189 |
marburg virus | 189 |
human coronavirus | 188 |
i interferon | 186 |
innate immunity | 186 |
spike protein | 185 |
structural proteins | 185 |
electron microscopy | 185 |
authors declare | 184 |
viral genome | 184 |
vaccinia virus | 183 |
rift valley | 182 |
i ifn | 182 |
valley fever | 181 |
infected cats | 180 |
bat species | 180 |
western blot | 176 |
cov infection | 174 |
performed using | 174 |
phylogenetic analysis | 171 |
stranded rna | 169 |
life cycle | 169 |
clinical signs | 165 |
hemorrhagic fever | 163 |
herpes simplex | 161 |
disease virus | 159 |
human immunodeficiency | 158 |
host cells | 158 |
previous studies | 158 |
simplex virus | 157 |
cells infected | 157 |
closely related | 156 |
clinical trials | 156 |
novel coronavirus | 151 |
rna replication | 150 |
capsid protein | 149 |
nucleocapsid protein | 148 |
rna virus | 148 |
feline coronavirus | 147 |
cell death | 146 |
room temperature | 145 |
well plates | 145 |
protein expression | 145 |
time pcr | 145 |
sars coronavirus | 144 |
united states | 144 |
like receptor | 143 |
virus entry | 142 |
infectious virus | 142 |
viral particles | 140 |
viral protein | 140 |
virus infections | 139 |
cell entry | 138 |
membrane fusion | 137 |
coronavirus infection | 137 |
signaling pathway | 137 |
important role | 137 |
results showed | 136 |
sialic acid | 131 |
significantly higher | 130 |
nucleic acid | 130 |
viral entry | 130 |
antiviral response | 128 |
lassa virus | 127 |
public health | 125 |
lassa fever | 123 |
dependent manner | 122 |
animal models | 121 |
nipah virus | 121 |
serum samples | 121 |
dependent rna | 121 |
present study | 121 |
virus particles | 121 |
natal rgn | 120 |
may also | 119 |
influenza viruses | 119 |
zikv natal | 118 |
time points | 118 |
infectious diseases | 118 |
neutralizing antibody | 117 |
respiratory viruses | 117 |
reverse transcription | 117 |
human papillomavirus | 117 |
rsv infection | 117 |
days post | 116 |
host immune | 116 |
treated cells | 115 |
cell lysates | 115 |
open reading | 113 |
bovine serum | 113 |
binding domain | 113 |
complete genome | 112 |
dromedary camels | 111 |
human metapneumovirus | 110 |
cell responses | 110 |
like particles | 110 |
virus disease | 108 |
bone marrow | 108 |
adaptive immune | 108 |
genomic rna | 108 |
thermo fisher | 107 |
genetic diversity | 107 |
host factors | 107 |
binding site | 107 |
goat anti | 107 |
feline immunodeficiency | 107 |
receptor binding | 106 |
described previously | 106 |
ubiquitin ligase | 106 |
highly pathogenic | 106 |
host range | 105 |
zikv infection | 105 |
nonstructural protein | 105 |
poly i | 105 |
transcription factor | 105 |
monoclonal antibody | 104 |
flow cytometry | 104 |
negative control | 104 |
specific antibodies | 104 |
lower respiratory | 103 |
viral load | 103 |
iav infection | 103 |
monoclonal antibodies | 103 |
mouse model | 102 |
japanese encephalitis | 102 |
three times | 101 |
natural products | 101 |
cell types | 101 |
like viruses | 101 |
orf protein | 101 |
binding protein | 100 |
fusion protein | 99 |
antibody titers | 98 |
high levels | 98 |
yellow fever | 98 |
respiratory disease | 98 |
antibody responses | 98 |
vesicular stomatitis | 97 |
rabies virus | 97 |
highly conserved | 97 |
influenza vaccine | 97 |
fisher scientific | 97 |
fcov type | 96 |
previous study | 95 |
stomatitis virus | 95 |
nucleotide sequences | 95 |
strand rna | 95 |
nervous system | 95 |
reporter gene | 95 |
target cells | 94 |
leukemia virus | 94 |
structural protein | 94 |
tissue culture | 94 |
pregnant women | 94 |
borne encephalitis | 94 |
analyzed using | 93 |
binding sites | 93 |
infected mice | 92 |
chikungunya virus | 91 |
human respiratory | 91 |
regulatory factor | 91 |
membrane protein | 90 |
peer review | 90 |
determine whether | 90 |
enveloped viruses | 90 |
chain reaction | 90 |
risk factors | 89 |
human coronaviruses | 89 |
results suggest | 89 |
polymerase chain | 89 |
significant differences | 88 |
cellular proteins | 88 |
cellular immune | 88 |
mammalian cells | 88 |
replication complex | 87 |
vaccine development | 87 |
significant difference | 87 |
central nervous | 87 |
dna viruses | 87 |
porcine circovirus | 87 |
ion channel | 86 |
fruit bats | 86 |
taken together | 86 |
upper respiratory | 86 |
avian influenza | 86 |
clinical samples | 86 |
open access | 85 |
genome sequence | 85 |
saudi arabia | 84 |
virus production | 84 |
tcid ml | 84 |
sequence identity | 84 |
acid sequence | 84 |
rna extraction | 84 |
membrane vesicles | 84 |
virus glycoprotein | 83 |
crystal structure | 83 |
mice immunized | 82 |
results indicate | 82 |
west african | 82 |
cell cultures | 82 |
hong kong | 82 |
genome sequences | 82 |
avian infectious | 81 |
extracellular vesicles | 81 |
viral genomes | 81 |
lipid mixing | 81 |
reading frame | 81 |
hepatitis virus | 80 |
class i | 80 |
supplementary materials | 80 |
available online | 80 |
secretory pathway | 80 |
sense rna | 80 |
envelope protein | 80 |
transmissible gastroenteritis | 80 |
newcastle disease | 80 |
antiviral activities | 79 |
well plate | 79 |
spectrum antiviral | 79 |
recent study | 79 |
hela cells | 79 |
three independent | 78 |
coronavirus replication | 78 |
er stress | 78 |
animal model | 78 |
cleavage site | 78 |
virus strains | 78 |
article distributed | 77 |
host proteins | 77 |
virus rna | 77 |
viral envelope | 77 |
ebov gp | 77 |
recombination events | 77 |
protein kinase | 77 |
time rt | 77 |
commons attribution | 77 |
rhesus macaques | 77 |
access article | 77 |
experimentally infected | 77 |
type ii | 77 |
creative commons | 77 |
transcription factors | 76 |
expression levels | 76 |
wt mice | 76 |
interferon regulatory | 76 |
previously reported | 76 |
tract infections | 76 |
protective immunity | 76 |
protein levels | 76 |
virus titers | 76 |
terminal region | 76 |
even though | 75 |
transfected cells | 75 |
viral dna | 75 |
membrane rearrangements | 75 |
endothelial cells | 75 |
antiviral agents | 74 |
binding affinity | 74 |
wdnhbe cells | 74 |
clinical trial | 74 |
nk cells | 74 |
replication cycle | 74 |
coronavirus infections | 74 |
ibv infection | 73 |
independent experiments | 73 |
signaling pathways | 73 |
two different | 73 |
mice infected | 73 |
pcr assay | 73 |
infected cell | 73 |
san diego | 72 |
fluorescent protein | 72 |
myeloid cells | 72 |
nonstructural proteins | 72 |
pcr assays | 71 |
virus genome | 71 |
antibody response | 71 |
virus ns | 71 |
mouth disease | 71 |
pcr products | 71 |
positive samples | 70 |
acid sequences | 70 |
live attenuated | 70 |
dub activity | 70 |
positive control | 70 |
cdna clone | 70 |
total rna | 70 |
like receptors | 69 |
flying fox | 69 |
coronavirus spike | 69 |
antiviral effects | 69 |
fetal bovine | 69 |
wide range | 69 |
phylogenetic trees | 69 |
reverse transcriptase | 68 |
replication complexes | 68 |
airway epithelial | 68 |
insect cells | 68 |
packaging cells | 68 |
recombinant viruses | 68 |
rna genome | 68 |
inflammatory cytokines | 68 |
inhibitory activity | 68 |
nucleotide sequence | 67 |
active site | 67 |
ifn signaling | 67 |
immune cells | 67 |
pedv infection | 67 |
black flying | 66 |
protein synthesis | 66 |
antiviral effect | 66 |
human cytomegalovirus | 66 |
mg ml | 66 |
cell cycle | 66 |
mouse hepatitis | 66 |
lymph nodes | 66 |
positive cells | 66 |
cells treated | 66 |
nonhuman primates | 66 |
western blotting | 66 |
antiviral responses | 65 |
ct values | 65 |
vaccine strain | 65 |
cell fusion | 65 |
ns protein | 65 |
terminal domain | 65 |
oxidative stress | 65 |
viral titers | 65 |
phase i | 65 |
virus vaccine | 64 |
also found | 64 |
infected patients | 64 |
matrix protein | 64 |
genbank accession | 64 |
escherichia coli | 64 |
feline leukemia | 64 |
accession number | 64 |
i ii | 64 |
health organization | 63 |
envelope glycoprotein | 63 |
statistically significant | 63 |
forest virus | 63 |
per well | 63 |
infected animals | 63 |
lymphocytic choriomeningitis | 63 |
mrna levels | 63 |
reservoir hosts | 63 |
experimental infection | 63 |
ifn response | 62 |
widely used | 62 |
weight loss | 62 |
human cells | 62 |
lysis buffer | 62 |
guinea pigs | 62 |
least one | 62 |
protein interactions | 61 |
choriomeningitis virus | 61 |
life technologies | 61 |
many viruses | 61 |
fecal samples | 61 |
replicative structures | 61 |
world health | 61 |
plaque assay | 61 |
another study | 61 |
vaccine candidates | 60 |
conformational changes | 60 |
sindbis virus | 60 |
recombinant baculovirus | 60 |
reverse genetics | 59 |
naturally infected | 59 |
positive selection | 59 |
electron tomography | 59 |
secondary antibody | 59 |
semliki forest | 59 |
virus strain | 59 |
ond pi | 59 |
dh ond | 59 |
protein translation | 58 |
circovirus type | 58 |
cell response | 58 |
day post | 58 |
peripheral blood | 58 |
large number | 58 |
equine encephalitis | 58 |
genome replication | 58 |
protein response | 58 |
recent years | 57 |
inhibitory effect | 57 |
new world | 57 |
based vaccine | 57 |
linked immunosorbent | 57 |
data suggest | 57 |
infectious cdna | 57 |
sequence analysis | 56 |
unfolded protein | 56 |
vaccine candidate | 56 |
luciferase reporter | 56 |
stimulated genes | 56 |
specific cd | 56 |
denv infection | 56 |
quality control | 56 |
pandemic influenza | 56 |
blot analysis | 56 |
supplementary table | 56 |
alexa fluor | 56 |
hydrogen bonding | 56 |
cells expressing | 55 |
clinical features | 55 |
similar results | 55 |
also showed | 55 |
clinical isolates | 55 |
virus neutralization | 55 |
reading frames | 55 |
severe rsv | 55 |
low levels | 55 |
transmembrane domain | 55 |
membrane proteins | 55 |
also known | 55 |
i ifns | 55 |
respiratory infections | 55 |
post infection | 55 |
protective efficacy | 55 |
study showed | 55 |
fruit bat | 55 |
graphpad prism | 55 |
age groups | 55 |
molecular characterization | 55 |
generation sequencing | 54 |
host species | 54 |
interferon signaling | 54 |
immune evasion | 54 |
gastroenteritis virus | 54 |
adaptive immunity | 54 |
causative agent | 54 |
samples collected | 54 |
cell membranes | 54 |
interferon response | 54 |
ck ch | 54 |
virus transmission | 54 |
young children | 54 |
host interactions | 54 |
data indicate | 54 |
viral loads | 54 |
viral life | 53 |
swine fever | 53 |
dna polymerase | 53 |
rd cells | 53 |
culture supernatants | 53 |
commonly used | 53 |
infected pigs | 53 |
sudv vlps | 53 |
respiratory virus | 53 |
pedv nsp | 53 |
significantly lower | 53 |
ebov infection | 53 |
antiviral immunity | 53 |
immunized mice | 53 |
also observed | 52 |
fold change | 52 |
better understand | 52 |
molecular mechanisms | 52 |
mers coronavirus | 52 |
coronavirus oc | 52 |
applied biosystems | 52 |
human infection | 52 |
three different | 52 |
cell viability | 52 |
west africa | 52 |
hendra virus | 52 |
pfu ml | 52 |
significantly increased | 52 |
nucleic acids | 52 |
human transmission | 52 |
detected using | 52 |
significantly reduced | 51 |
recombinant virus | 51 |
rgn srips | 51 |
culture medium | 51 |
virus titer | 51 |
feline calicivirus | 51 |
determined using | 51 |
novel viruses | 51 |
inflammatory response | 51 |
coronavirus nucleocapsid | 51 |
spedv virus | 51 |
also identified | 51 |
critical role | 51 |
buffered saline | 51 |
systematic review | 51 |
sequence data | 50 |
filovirus infection | 50 |
hd cells | 50 |
cell type | 50 |
control groups | 50 |
measles virus | 50 |
frog virus | 50 |
mouse igg | 50 |
viral sequences | 50 |
bagv isolates | 50 |
control group | 50 |
plaque reduction | 50 |
translation initiation | 50 |
viral gene | 50 |
recent studies | 50 |
cultured cells | 50 |
cell membrane | 50 |
conjugated goat | 49 |
southern china | 49 |
prrsv strain | 49 |
emerging viruses | 49 |
coronavirus infectious | 49 |
current study | 49 |
mouse anti | 49 |
dendritic cell | 49 |
calculated using | 49 |
green fluorescent | 49 |
specific igy | 49 |
chronic hepatitis | 49 |
fast proteins | 49 |
future studies | 49 |
ibv beaudette | 49 |
thermo scientific | 49 |
genogroup i | 48 |
uninfected cells | 48 |
mosquito cells | 48 |
pattern recognition | 48 |
coronavirus disease | 48 |
nlrp inflammasome | 48 |
chadox schikv | 48 |
whole genome | 48 |
innate antiviral | 48 |
cells well | 48 |
capsid proteins | 48 |
animal species | 48 |
acid residues | 48 |
virus hemagglutinin | 48 |
wild type | 47 |
washed three | 47 |
od values | 47 |
hcmv infection | 47 |
cytopathic effect | 47 |
different cell | 47 |
virus isolation | 47 |
infectious disease | 47 |
confocal microscopy | 47 |
virus assembly | 47 |
time point | 47 |
induced apoptosis | 47 |
serially diluted | 47 |
specific igg | 47 |
tested positive | 46 |
one study | 46 |
spike glycoprotein | 46 |
vaccine vector | 46 |
persistent infection | 46 |
sequence alignment | 46 |
new virus | 46 |
sudv gp | 46 |
cellular receptor | 46 |
mhc class | 46 |
recognition receptors | 46 |
gene mutations | 46 |
rnase activity | 46 |
sialic acids | 46 |
phylogenetic tree | 46 |
human bocavirus | 46 |
human monoclonal | 46 |
growth factor | 46 |
nanopore sequencing | 46 |
cellular membranes | 46 |
converting enzyme | 46 |
incubation period | 46 |
total number | 46 |
transmission electron | 46 |
results indicated | 46 |
canine parvovirus | 45 |
magnetic bead | 45 |
genome sequencing | 45 |
coding region | 45 |
dna vaccine | 45 |
envelope proteins | 45 |
way anova | 45 |
three days | 45 |
standard deviation | 45 |
also used | 45 |
viral diseases | 45 |
ge healthcare | 45 |
kidney cells | 45 |
two viruses | 45 |
associated protein | 45 |
approved drugs | 45 |
respiratory distress | 45 |
two groups | 44 |
international committee | 44 |
mosaic virus | 44 |
body weight | 44 |
inflammatory responses | 44 |
several studies | 44 |
venezuelan equine | 44 |
specific antibody | 44 |
envelope glycoproteins | 44 |
small molecule | 44 |
blood samples | 44 |
subcellular localization | 44 |
barr virus | 44 |
negative controls | 44 |
infection induces | 44 |
complete protection | 44 |
gel electrophoresis | 44 |
measured using | 44 |
immunosorbent assay | 44 |
signal peptide | 44 |
spinal cord | 44 |
copy numbers | 44 |
mrna expression | 44 |
ev replication | 44 |
protein interaction | 44 |
two weeks | 43 |
related viruses | 43 |
molecular epidemiology | 43 |
fast protein | 43 |
cells using | 43 |
rna sequencing | 43 |
novel human | 43 |
tract disease | 43 |
prrsv infection | 43 |
marburg viruses | 43 |
infectious clone | 43 |
hcv replication | 43 |
species transmission | 43 |
golgi apparatus | 43 |
primary human | 43 |
borne viruses | 43 |
host innate | 43 |
type virus | 43 |
surface expression | 43 |
humoral immune | 43 |
neutralizing activity | 43 |
higher levels | 43 |
membrane structures | 43 |
felv infection | 43 |
feline coronaviruses | 43 |
least three | 43 |
challenged birds | 42 |
subunit vaccines | 42 |
ibv infected | 42 |
accessory proteins | 42 |
disease severity | 42 |
analysis revealed | 42 |
previous reports | 42 |
domestic cats | 42 |
sf cells | 42 |
bat populations | 42 |
dh cells | 42 |
statistical significance | 42 |
culture supernatant | 42 |
kindly provided | 42 |
mass spectrometry | 42 |
accession numbers | 42 |
light chain | 42 |
human airway | 42 |
antiviral drugs | 42 |
fluorescence intensity | 42 |
inhibitory effects | 42 |
tissue samples | 42 |
virus nonstructural | 42 |
mononuclear cells | 41 |
murine coronavirus | 41 |
epithelial cell | 41 |
recombination event | 41 |
cfu ml | 41 |
early stages | 41 |
cell activation | 41 |
od value | 41 |
zoonotic viruses | 41 |
proinflammatory cytokines | 41 |
perk inhibitor | 41 |
immune cell | 41 |
pedv strains | 41 |
expression level | 41 |
significant increase | 41 |
ic activity | 41 |
growth kinetics | 41 |
medium containing | 41 |
serum albumin | 41 |
antibody levels | 41 |
viral genomic | 41 |
tract infection | 41 |
transcriptional activity | 41 |
ic values | 40 |
cov replication | 40 |
may provide | 40 |
subunit vaccine | 40 |
lymphoid tissues | 40 |
maximum likelihood | 40 |
infectious particles | 40 |
human population | 40 |
virus nucleoprotein | 40 |
significantly different | 40 |
stranded dna | 40 |
virus expressing | 40 |
log copies | 40 |
proteins involved | 40 |
key role | 40 |
fusion proteins | 40 |
severe disease | 40 |
statistical analysis | 40 |
hcv infection | 40 |
seasonal influenza | 40 |
human disease | 40 |
antiviral innate | 40 |
hstat ki | 40 |
molecular weight | 40 |
virus shedding | 40 |
cell tropism | 40 |
years old | 40 |
drug repurposing | 40 |
clinical symptoms | 40 |
interferon production | 40 |
may play | 40 |
enteric coronavirus | 39 |
vp protein | 39 |
clinical manifestations | 39 |
js strains | 39 |
syncytium formation | 39 |
viral antigens | 39 |
specific primers | 39 |
channel activity | 39 |
likely due | 39 |
first time | 39 |
high throughput | 39 |
productive infection | 39 |
nuclear factor | 39 |
increased expression | 39 |
viral families | 39 |
like virus | 39 |
like particle | 39 |
viral membrane | 39 |
genome segments | 39 |
rabbit anti | 39 |
proteasomal degradation | 39 |
equine coronavirus | 39 |
fidelity tc | 39 |
sequencing data | 39 |
airway epithelium | 39 |
newly synthesized | 39 |
two distinct | 39 |
intensive care | 39 |
mediated antiviral | 39 |
acid binding | 39 |
consensus sequence | 39 |
plasmacytoid dendritic | 39 |
vaccinated animals | 39 |
ifn production | 38 |
acidic ph | 38 |
avian species | 38 |
peritonitis virus | 38 |
cov spike | 38 |
mm tris | 38 |
viral shedding | 38 |
ch lsc | 38 |
north america | 38 |
analysis showed | 38 |
healthy adults | 38 |
reference genome | 38 |
viral pathogenesis | 38 |
mock infected | 38 |
ion channels | 38 |
thermofisher scientific | 38 |
lsc i | 38 |
biliary cirrhosis | 38 |
proteasome system | 38 |
using anti | 38 |
signal transduction | 38 |
human cases | 38 |
cleavage activity | 38 |
mutant virus | 38 |
respiratory pathogens | 38 |
induced membrane | 38 |
cells per | 38 |
protease inhibitor | 38 |
new england | 38 |
primary biliary | 38 |
infected dh | 38 |
new zealand | 38 |
virus challenge | 38 |
investigate whether | 38 |
severe respiratory | 37 |
fcov shedding | 37 |
african green | 37 |
south africa | 37 |
ml penicillin | 37 |
infected individuals | 37 |
canine distemper | 37 |
proteolytic processing | 37 |
broadly neutralizing | 37 |
healthy cats | 37 |
takes place | 37 |
cellular protein | 37 |
fcov rna | 37 |
dipeptidyl peptidase | 37 |
ang ii | 37 |
filovirus entry | 37 |
human health | 37 |
papillomavirus type | 37 |
egfp replicon | 37 |
age group | 37 |
different concentrations | 37 |
antigenic sites | 37 |
fold increase | 37 |
virus detection | 37 |
host protein | 37 |
er membrane | 37 |
treated group | 36 |
hcv rna | 36 |
library preparation | 36 |
two independent | 36 |
north american | 36 |
avian coronavirus | 36 |
endocytic pathway | 36 |
antiviral signaling | 36 |
vaccinated mice | 36 |
closantel sodium | 36 |
classical swine | 36 |
viral fusion | 36 |
initiation factor | 36 |
post transfection | 36 |
class ii | 36 |
live virus | 36 |
stool samples | 36 |
correlated evolution | 36 |
natural killer | 36 |
bars represent | 36 |
may contribute | 36 |
mm nacl | 36 |
also demonstrated | 36 |
european bat | 36 |
haemorrhagic fever | 36 |
mdbk cells | 36 |
cells transfected | 36 |
hepg cells | 36 |
copies ml | 36 |
genetic characterization | 36 |
iu ml | 36 |
antiviral drug | 36 |
virus vaccines | 36 |
secondary structure | 36 |
error bars | 36 |
generated using | 36 |
emerging infectious | 36 |
stem cells | 36 |
visualized using | 36 |
activated protein | 36 |
attenuated vaccines | 36 |
clinical disease | 35 |
cytokine production | 35 |
cytopathic effects | 35 |
nucleolar localization | 35 |
horseradish peroxidase | 35 |
rsv bronchiolitis | 35 |
fox cells | 35 |
green fluorescence | 35 |
transgenic mice | 35 |
reproductive tract | 35 |
viral titer | 35 |
immunized via | 35 |
secondary antibodies | 35 |
hydrogen bond | 35 |
plp dub | 35 |
pi cells | 35 |
rna recombination | 35 |
sodium arsenite | 35 |
infectious clones | 35 |
least two | 35 |
high level | 35 |
necrosis factor | 35 |
cmv promoter | 35 |
vaccinated challenged | 35 |
pcr amplification | 35 |
serial dilutions | 35 |
lymph node | 35 |
ibv isolates | 35 |
master mix | 35 |
essential role | 35 |
recombinant proteins | 35 |
virus taxonomy | 34 |
evolutionary history | 34 |
comparative analysis | 34 |
magnetic beads | 34 |
inhibit viral | 34 |
immunofluorescence staining | 34 |
step rt | 34 |
statistical analyses | 34 |
gene sequences | 34 |
full genome | 34 |
homologous recombination | 34 |
increased risk | 34 |
recent advances | 34 |
rna interference | 34 |
one hour | 34 |
binding proteins | 34 |
liver transplantation | 34 |
immune complexes | 34 |
th cells | 34 |
real time | 34 |
cpg odns | 34 |
coronavirus hku | 34 |
ibv strains | 34 |
first report | 34 |
jx jx | 34 |
kinase activity | 34 |
nuclear export | 34 |
protein vp | 34 |
genomic characterization | 34 |
protein sequences | 34 |
cell signaling | 34 |
next generation | 34 |
viral metagenomics | 34 |
different time | 34 |
nested pcr | 34 |
sequence similarity | 34 |
current knowledge | 34 |
naturally occurring | 34 |
direct contact | 34 |
live vaccine | 34 |
analytical sensitivity | 34 |
total igy | 34 |
results demonstrated | 34 |
may represent | 33 |
respiratory viral | 33 |
virus genomes | 33 |
european bats | 33 |
autophagic flux | 33 |
luciferase activity | 33 |
pcr product | 33 |
high prevalence | 33 |
proteins may | 33 |
stress granule | 33 |
bat flies | 33 |
natural product | 33 |
embryonated eggs | 33 |
protease inhibitors | 33 |
restriction factor | 33 |
recently reported | 33 |
significantly decreased | 33 |
viral capsid | 33 |
cynomolgus macaques | 33 |
viral spread | 33 |
risk factor | 33 |
different viruses | 33 |
vaccine virus | 33 |
replication kinetics | 33 |
might also | 33 |
subgenomic rna | 33 |
newly discovered | 33 |
structural basis | 33 |
respiratory infection | 33 |
ligase activity | 33 |
tissue tropism | 33 |
polymerase ii | 33 |
extracted using | 33 |
england biolabs | 33 |
ns proteins | 33 |
reporter genes | 33 |
mini kit | 33 |
rna binding | 33 |
rna copies | 33 |
myocardial injury | 33 |
zaire ebolavirus | 33 |
cell lysate | 33 |
patients infected | 33 |
primary antibody | 33 |
viral vectors | 33 |
pcr using | 33 |
isa vg | 33 |
virus particle | 33 |
expression system | 33 |
old world | 33 |
major histocompatibility | 33 |
gfp expression | 33 |
standard error | 33 |
reticulum stress | 33 |
reservoir host | 33 |
washed twice | 32 |
sequencing reads | 32 |
virus isolates | 32 |
stimulated gene | 32 |
interspecies transmission | 32 |
bat cells | 32 |
potential role | 32 |
lethal challenge | 32 |
ha protein | 32 |
tumor necrosis | 32 |
cell imaging | 32 |
protein sequence | 32 |
protein degradation | 32 |
i ubiquitination | 32 |
borne zoonotic | 32 |
gfp gene | 32 |
proteasome inhibitors | 32 |
several viruses | 32 |
acid identity | 32 |
also detected | 32 |
swab samples | 32 |
neutralization assay | 32 |
transmembrane protein | 32 |
broad range | 32 |
rousettus aegyptiacus | 32 |
membrane alterations | 32 |
polyclonal antibody | 32 |
new coronavirus | 32 |
low ph | 32 |
viruses may | 32 |
health care | 32 |
interacting proteins | 32 |
cellular membrane | 32 |
glycosylation sites | 32 |
african bagv | 32 |
copies cell | 32 |
expression vector | 32 |
phylogenetic analyses | 32 |
late endosomes | 32 |
disease control | 32 |
existing antibodies | 32 |
lymphoid cells | 31 |
intestinal contents | 31 |
respiratory illness | 31 |
deep sequencing | 31 |
sinv infection | 31 |
molecular basis | 31 |
vectored vaccine | 31 |
existing immunity | 31 |
vectored vaccines | 31 |
pathogenic viruses | 31 |
sanger sequencing | 31 |
nuclear localization | 31 |
flavivirus infection | 31 |
results obtained | 31 |
read pairs | 31 |
antigen presentation | 31 |
positive controls | 31 |
ultrathin sections | 31 |
tissue damage | 31 |
also shown | 31 |
past decade | 31 |
cells compared | 31 |
south korea | 31 |
swine influenza | 31 |
vaccine strains | 31 |
negatively regulates | 31 |
borne flaviviruses | 31 |
reverse primer | 31 |
cats without | 31 |
macrobrachium rosenbergii | 31 |
beta interferon | 31 |
living cells | 31 |
nucleotide identity | 31 |
molecular biology | 31 |
genome segment | 31 |
small animal | 31 |
recombinant baculoviruses | 31 |
dna virus | 31 |
firefly luciferase | 31 |
cells via | 31 |
distemper virus | 31 |
gem particles | 31 |
jurkat cells | 31 |
like protease | 31 |
purified using | 31 |
results show | 31 |
throat swabs | 31 |
human primates | 31 |
virus isolated | 30 |
virion assembly | 30 |
muc ac | 30 |
mock cells | 30 |
results demonstrate | 30 |
multiple sequence | 30 |
coronavirus nsp | 30 |
ifitm clustering | 30 |
virus envelope | 30 |
zoonotic potential | 30 |
crystal violet | 30 |
lesser extent | 30 |
novel virus | 30 |
significant reduction | 30 |
viral pathogens | 30 |
nuclear translocation | 30 |
throughput screening | 30 |
host defense | 30 |
human pathogens | 30 |
molecular patterns | 30 |
previously published | 30 |
well known | 30 |
interferon induction | 30 |
genomic sequences | 30 |
alveolar macrophages | 30 |
virus factories | 30 |
virus propagation | 30 |
pcr kit | 30 |
pedv strain | 30 |
cd cd | 30 |
neutralizing mabs | 30 |
graphpad software | 30 |
viral particle | 30 |
primary antibodies | 30 |
congo basin | 30 |
virus discovery | 30 |
infection may | 30 |
stat signaling | 30 |
seven days | 30 |
ubiquitin ligases | 30 |
biosafety level | 30 |
antiviral defense | 30 |
stress granules | 30 |
brain barrier | 30 |
inflammatory monocytes | 30 |
mediated endocytosis | 30 |
free water | 29 |
mg kg | 29 |
using graphpad | 29 |
human ace | 29 |
golgi complex | 29 |
marburg hemorrhagic | 29 |
rna genomes | 29 |
flow cell | 29 |
metagenomic sequencing | 29 |
rgn replicon | 29 |
economic losses | 29 |
host response | 29 |
plasmids expressing | 29 |
viral population | 29 |
remains unclear | 29 |
nasal discharge | 29 |
dna replication | 29 |
genomic sequence | 29 |
acid level | 29 |
tgev miller | 29 |
democratic republic | 29 |
surface proteins | 29 |
fiv infection | 29 |
infect humans | 29 |
restriction sites | 29 |
ifn responses | 29 |
viral polymerase | 29 |
santa cruz | 29 |
first identified | 29 |
electron microscope | 29 |
coronavirus rna | 29 |
untranslated region | 29 |
fusion peptide | 29 |
coronavirus nl | 29 |
throughput sequencing | 29 |
multiplex real | 29 |
control measures | 29 |
positive results | 29 |
mrna level | 29 |
virus growth | 29 |
sample collection | 29 |
small molecules | 29 |
previously shown | 29 |
incubated overnight | 29 |
newly identified | 29 |
protein level | 29 |
ifitm proteins | 29 |
cellular entry | 29 |
ev infection | 29 |
transmembrane proteins | 28 |
primer pairs | 28 |
conformational change | 28 |
one day | 28 |
induces apoptosis | 28 |
respiratory coronavirus | 28 |
recombinant vaccinia | 28 |
nucleotide level | 28 |
buccal swab | 28 |
antiviral immune | 28 |
cerebrospinal fluid | 28 |
negative cells | 28 |
oxygen species | 28 |
viral attachment | 28 |
host responses | 28 |
two novel | 28 |
immunofluorescence assay | 28 |
acid changes | 28 |
poorly understood | 28 |
lymphotropic virus | 28 |
bead rna | 28 |
specific immune | 28 |
cells grown | 28 |
histocompatibility complex | 28 |
quantitative real | 28 |
elongation factor | 28 |
emerging viral | 28 |
broad spectrum | 28 |
positive cats | 28 |
viruses isolated | 28 |
one week | 28 |
borne flavivirus | 28 |
dmem containing | 28 |
mixed infection | 28 |
gene segments | 28 |
gp i | 28 |
tax bp | 28 |
much higher | 28 |
associated molecular | 28 |
heparan sulfate | 28 |
antimicrobial peptides | 28 |
pcr system | 28 |
final concentration | 28 |
angiotensin ii | 28 |
distress syndrome | 28 |
type iii | 28 |
reactive oxygen | 28 |
presenting cells | 28 |
marv gp | 28 |
better understanding | 28 |
persistently infected | 28 |
national institute | 28 |
i interferons | 28 |
blocking buffer | 28 |
sepharose beads | 28 |
mk cells | 28 |
induced autophagy | 28 |
author contributions | 27 |
lasv infection | 27 |
cause severe | 27 |
cytoplasmic tail | 27 |
virus vp | 27 |
functional receptor | 27 |
studies will | 27 |
huh cells | 27 |
inactivated vaccines | 27 |
wide variety | 27 |
surface protein | 27 |
dmem supplemented | 27 |
mortality rate | 27 |
copy number | 27 |
new insights | 27 |
autophagy pathway | 27 |
ablv infection | 27 |
associated virus | 27 |
pig id | 27 |
ebola viruses | 27 |
live vaccines | 27 |
cellular receptors | 27 |
ml streptomycin | 27 |
susceptible cell | 27 |
study demonstrated | 27 |
ifitm signal | 27 |
expression plasmid | 27 |
cellular processes | 27 |
cellular immunity | 27 |
data analysis | 27 |
protein transport | 27 |
cleavage sites | 27 |
virus induced | 27 |
secreted protein | 27 |
experimental data | 27 |
molecular evolutionary | 27 |
cd cells | 27 |
sendai virus | 27 |
cancer cells | 27 |
illumina miseq | 27 |
sequences obtained | 27 |
using lipofectamine | 27 |
standard curve | 27 |
challenge virus | 27 |
human igg | 27 |
also reported | 27 |
adenovirus type | 27 |
receptor signaling | 27 |
restriction factors | 27 |
empty vector | 27 |
constructed using | 27 |
replication factories | 27 |
virus life | 27 |
lung epithelial | 27 |
feline enteric | 27 |
cellular stress | 27 |
innate lymphoid | 27 |
specific pathogen | 27 |
ki mice | 27 |
bovine herpesvirus | 27 |
first isolated | 27 |
high affinity | 27 |
parainfluenza virus | 27 |
nuclear import | 26 |
arteritis virus | 26 |
ssrna viruses | 26 |
length cdna | 26 |
nibv infection | 26 |
different species | 26 |
virus interacting | 26 |
pc cleavage | 26 |
double membrane | 26 |
remains unknown | 26 |
crystal structures | 26 |
analysis using | 26 |
core protein | 26 |
forming units | 26 |
th day | 26 |
expressing cells | 26 |
amplified using | 26 |
sequence homology | 26 |
filovirus gp | 26 |
igg antibody | 26 |
ex vivo | 26 |
reference strains | 26 |
genetically engineered | 26 |
equine arteritis | 26 |
using different | 26 |
influenza vaccines | 26 |
acute phase | 26 |
dependent translation | 26 |
genetic analysis | 26 |
genes involved | 26 |
reduction assay | 26 |
viral inhibition | 26 |
recycling endosomes | 26 |
per ml | 26 |
conserved among | 26 |
human influenza | 26 |
plaque formation | 26 |
genetics analysis | 26 |
associated coronavirus | 26 |
untranslated regions | 26 |
intercat ifn | 26 |
agarose gel | 26 |
different mechanisms | 26 |
infection induced | 26 |
bat lyssavirus | 26 |
influenza hemagglutinin | 26 |
cpv infection | 26 |
gfp bac | 26 |
deficient mice | 26 |
total protein | 26 |
transfected packaging | 26 |
fluorescence microscope | 26 |
viral copies | 26 |
cell epitopes | 26 |
fatality rate | 26 |
differential expression | 26 |
induced type | 26 |
may lead | 26 |
retinoic acid | 26 |
inflammasome activation | 26 |
parental virus | 26 |
prrsv plp | 26 |
binding activity | 26 |
human lung | 26 |
virus induces | 26 |
host immunity | 26 |
linear regression | 26 |
nucleoside analogs | 26 |
bat coronaviruses | 26 |
case fatality | 26 |
induce apoptosis | 26 |
test whether | 26 |
time reverse | 26 |
ifitm expression | 26 |
side effects | 25 |
fluorescence microscopy | 25 |
important roles | 25 |
first step | 25 |
neutralization test | 25 |
virus spread | 25 |
apn positive | 25 |
enteric tropism | 25 |
universal influenza | 25 |
ebola hemorrhagic | 25 |
conjugated anti | 25 |
target cell | 25 |
gene products | 25 |
membranous web | 25 |
significantly inhibited | 25 |
length genome | 25 |
samples using | 25 |
attachment factors | 25 |
loading control | 25 |
like structures | 25 |
virus release | 25 |
control cats | 25 |
ng ml | 25 |
early endosomes | 25 |
minor capsid | 25 |
increasing concentrations | 25 |
hpv infection | 25 |
cells containing | 25 |
histone acetylation | 25 |
serum igg | 25 |
flag antibody | 25 |
recent work | 25 |
inactivated vaccine | 25 |
currently available | 25 |
bronchial epithelial | 25 |
antiviral state | 25 |
feline panleukopenia | 25 |
phase ii | 25 |
pbs containing | 25 |
yeast two | 25 |
zoonotic dis | 25 |
mean values | 25 |
rvfv infection | 25 |
foamy virus | 25 |
sierra leone | 25 |
cdna synthesis | 25 |
four days | 25 |
lasv gp | 25 |
high degree | 25 |
growth medium | 25 |
cell receptor | 25 |
findings suggest | 25 |
animal cells | 25 |
vaccine design | 25 |
mm edta | 25 |
studies showed | 25 |
denv replication | 25 |
btb kelch | 25 |
deer mice | 25 |
recombinant protein | 25 |
high mortality | 25 |
igg antibodies | 25 |
green monkey | 25 |
perk signaling | 25 |
gene encoding | 25 |
hiv infection | 25 |
cpg odn | 25 |
cell attachment | 24 |
plus poly | 24 |
adult horses | 24 |
attenuated vaccine | 24 |
cause disease | 24 |
united kingdom | 24 |
vaccine protects | 24 |
quantified using | 24 |
viral hemorrhagic | 24 |
plasma cells | 24 |
human norovirus | 24 |
lymphoid tissue | 24 |
buffer containing | 24 |
five days | 24 |
ank pranc | 24 |
rgn strain | 24 |
clinical characteristics | 24 |
three groups | 24 |
promoter activity | 24 |
arf proteins | 24 |
cell binding | 24 |
first reported | 24 |
mouse models | 24 |
type infection | 24 |
immune signaling | 24 |
new viruses | 24 |
oxford nanopore | 24 |
previous work | 24 |
vector borne | 24 |
viral rnas | 24 |
surface glycoproteins | 24 |
df cells | 24 |
ifnb expression | 24 |
south china | 24 |
immune activation | 24 |
global health | 24 |
primary cells | 24 |
immune systems | 24 |
human infections | 24 |
dmv formation | 24 |
target proteins | 24 |
protective immune | 24 |
rapid detection | 24 |
particle release | 24 |
antiviral agent | 24 |
hmpv infection | 24 |
vg plus | 24 |
extracted rna | 24 |
hev infection | 24 |
copies per | 24 |
reproduction number | 24 |
small number | 24 |
blood mononuclear | 24 |
without fip | 24 |
te cells | 24 |
polyacrylamide gel | 24 |
cohort study | 24 |
natural host | 24 |
bovine respiratory | 24 |
coronavirus associated | 24 |
relatively high | 24 |
clinical studies | 24 |
vaccine efficacy | 24 |
basic residues | 24 |
cov strains | 24 |
hydrogen peroxide | 24 |
protects mice | 24 |
acid change | 24 |
infection results | 24 |
outer capsid | 24 |
inducible gene | 24 |
coronavirus envelope | 24 |
dna sequencing | 24 |
viral diversity | 24 |
direct rna | 24 |
type cytokines | 24 |
infectious agents | 24 |
host factor | 24 |
hff cells | 24 |
sequence alignments | 24 |
evolutionary genetics | 24 |
commercially available | 24 |
egfp srips | 24 |
renilla luciferase | 24 |
veroe cells | 23 |
golgi network | 23 |
cpe inhibition | 23 |
multiple sclerosis | 23 |
two proteins | 23 |
stress response | 23 |
mortality rates | 23 |
structural genes | 23 |
differentially expressed | 23 |
mutation rates | 23 |
selected sites | 23 |
cell epitope | 23 |
ros production | 23 |
two days | 23 |
indicated time | 23 |
ebola outbreak | 23 |
hemorrhagic fevers | 23 |
rna structure | 23 |
fusion loop | 23 |
rna sequences | 23 |
virus clearance | 23 |
directed mutagenesis | 23 |
integral membrane | 23 |
viral clearance | 23 |
misfolded proteins | 23 |
tc route | 23 |
antibody titer | 23 |
marv infection | 23 |
acute infection | 23 |
molecular mechanism | 23 |
polymerase activity | 23 |
rhesus monkeys | 23 |
positively selected | 23 |
alpha beta | 23 |
per reaction | 23 |
may cause | 23 |
enteric disease | 23 |
animal care | 23 |
eukaryotic cells | 23 |
foreign gene | 23 |
marv vp | 23 |
sg formation | 23 |
may reflect | 23 |
mesenteric lymph | 23 |
heavy chain | 23 |
mammalian species | 23 |
brown bats | 23 |
zikv strains | 23 |
bronchitis viruses | 23 |
family coronaviridae | 23 |
porcine deltacoronavirus | 23 |
antigenic indexes | 23 |
transplant recipients | 23 |
dependent protein | 23 |
associated degradation | 23 |
cats infected | 23 |
quantitative pcr | 23 |
paired membranes | 23 |
luciferase assay | 23 |
lipid metabolism | 23 |
central african | 23 |
nasal swabs | 23 |
severe cases | 23 |
rubella virus | 23 |
reference sequences | 23 |
insectivorous bats | 23 |
viral disease | 23 |
mk mk | 23 |
viruses detected | 23 |
bovine viral | 23 |
leukaemia virus | 23 |
weeks post | 23 |
highly similar | 23 |
viral components | 23 |
lipid bilayer | 23 |
veterinary medicine | 23 |
high viral | 23 |
plasmid dna | 23 |
inclusion bodies | 23 |
viral transcription | 23 |
coronavirus nonstructural | 23 |
multivesicular bodies | 23 |
forward primer | 23 |
study reported | 23 |
surface receptors | 23 |
technical assistance | 23 |
mediated cell | 23 |
six months | 23 |
whole cell | 23 |
higher viral | 23 |
rna extracted | 23 |
based vaccines | 23 |
windowed averages | 23 |
protective effect | 23 |
lipid droplets | 23 |
mediated inhibition | 23 |
viruses infecting | 23 |
also inhibited | 23 |
central africa | 23 |
ectopic expression | 23 |
progeny virus | 23 |
functional domains | 23 |
pathogenic avian | 23 |
studies suggest | 23 |
aedes albopictus | 23 |
nucleocapsid proteins | 22 |
years ago | 22 |
genomic organization | 22 |
gold standard | 22 |
green monkeys | 22 |
cell differentiation | 22 |
determined whether | 22 |
ha antibody | 22 |
borne virus | 22 |
natural reservoir | 22 |
diversifying selection | 22 |
liver transplant | 22 |
rabbit igg | 22 |
vaccines based | 22 |
human neutralizing | 22 |
interferon responses | 22 |
human cell | 22 |
old piglets | 22 |
protein folding | 22 |
capsid igg | 22 |
sample buffer | 22 |
mouse brain | 22 |
antiviral compounds | 22 |
therapeutic agents | 22 |
cold pbs | 22 |
cellular responses | 22 |
cell monolayers | 22 |
proviral dna | 22 |
virus protein | 22 |
ion conductivity | 22 |
pyrimidine biosynthesis | 22 |
positive sense | 22 |
specific cellular | 22 |
i strains | 22 |
low level | 22 |
close proximity | 22 |
copies cells | 22 |
may help | 22 |
human viruses | 22 |
order nidovirales | 22 |
antigen expression | 22 |
also present | 22 |
vaccine expressing | 22 |
accessory protein | 22 |
egfp reporter | 22 |
lung injury | 22 |
highly susceptible | 22 |
virulent pedv | 22 |
zoonotic transmission | 22 |
bat origin | 22 |
gastroenteritis coronavirus | 22 |
restriction enzyme | 22 |
binding domains | 22 |
also tested | 22 |
late endosomal | 22 |
viral assembly | 22 |
antiviral therapy | 22 |
mycophenolic acid | 22 |
highly virulent | 22 |
cell apoptosis | 22 |
mucosal immune | 22 |
based assays | 22 |
also included | 22 |
vesicular structures | 22 |
human parainfluenza | 22 |
human embryonic | 22 |
new species | 22 |
ring finger | 22 |
four different | 22 |
bat coronavirus | 22 |
reporter assay | 22 |
nascent rna | 22 |
replication organelles | 22 |
assay kit | 22 |
sigma aldrich | 22 |
sybr green | 22 |
viral mrna | 22 |
viral nucleic | 22 |
transmission events | 22 |
fatality rates | 22 |
confirmed cases | 22 |
influenza infection | 22 |
blood donors | 22 |
viruses including | 22 |
adaptor protein | 22 |
reactive antibodies | 22 |
endosomal acidification | 22 |
may result | 22 |
survival rate | 22 |
bacteria detection | 22 |
molecular evolution | 22 |
vaccine vectors | 22 |
major role | 22 |
porcine respiratory | 22 |
animal health | 22 |
indirect immunofluorescence | 22 |
like protein | 22 |
guinea pig | 22 |
human rhinovirus | 22 |
disease onset | 22 |
two major | 22 |
replicase gene | 22 |
rabv infection | 22 |
nucleotide exchange | 22 |
investigated whether | 22 |
big brown | 21 |
modified vaccinia | 21 |
apn negative | 21 |
genomic analysis | 21 |
membrane curvature | 21 |
quantitative rt | 21 |
virus attachment | 21 |
transmission dynamics | 21 |
neutrophil extracellular | 21 |
virus proteins | 21 |
coli bl | 21 |
glycosylation site | 21 |
ectromelia virus | 21 |
ribosome entry | 21 |
metagenomic analysis | 21 |
phosphorylated eif | 21 |
evaluated using | 21 |
serum antibody | 21 |
late stages | 21 |
genetically distinct | 21 |
cell population | 21 |
point mutations | 21 |
limited number | 21 |
convoluted membranes | 21 |
genes encoding | 21 |
cap structure | 21 |
human adenovirus | 21 |
jc virus | 21 |
acute gastroenteritis | 21 |
bluetongue virus | 21 |
protein interacts | 21 |
type strains | 21 |
vaccine platform | 21 |
replication sites | 21 |
respiratory symptoms | 21 |
febrile illness | 21 |
assembled contigs | 21 |
surface hs | 21 |
fold higher | 21 |
surface display | 21 |
different types | 21 |
rna segments | 21 |
viral vector | 21 |
conjugated secondary | 21 |
pedv replication | 21 |
viral stock | 21 |
nuclear bodies | 21 |
membranous replication | 21 |
transfection reagent | 21 |
syrian hamsters | 21 |
viral respiratory | 21 |
population size | 21 |
bd biosciences | 21 |
new york | 21 |
flying foxes | 21 |
mammalian viruses | 21 |
acid substitution | 21 |
intracellular localization | 21 |
functional analysis | 21 |
confocal microscope | 21 |
hydrogen bonds | 21 |
pathogenic coronaviruses | 21 |
related coronavirus | 21 |
survival rates | 21 |
rna molecules | 21 |
different viral | 21 |
heat shock | 21 |
close contact | 21 |
disease progression | 21 |
san jose | 21 |
igg titers | 21 |
geographic distribution | 21 |
expression plasmids | 21 |
sequenced using | 21 |
novo assembly | 21 |
neutralizing monoclonal | 21 |
vaccine induced | 21 |
prism software | 21 |
possible role | 21 |
reporter plasmid | 21 |
new viral | 21 |
humoral immunity | 21 |
molecular detection | 21 |
infected vero | 21 |
drug candidates | 21 |
protein involved | 21 |
previously identified | 21 |
virus variants | 21 |
vitro studies | 21 |
mice vaccinated | 21 |
immunocompromised patients | 21 |
electron microscopic | 21 |
vesicle transport | 21 |
protein genes | 21 |
clinical outcomes | 21 |
host antiviral | 21 |
cdna clones | 21 |
lower levels | 21 |
acid extraction | 21 |
strongly inhibited | 21 |
signaling technology | 21 |
spike proteins | 21 |
also inhibits | 21 |
extraction kit | 21 |
family members | 21 |
feline leukaemia | 21 |
recently identified | 21 |
internal ribosome | 21 |
plant viruses | 21 |
vlp entry | 21 |
ablv replication | 20 |
vertical transmission | 20 |
dengue viruses | 20 |
mediated immune | 20 |
conducted using | 20 |
pranc proteins | 20 |
breast cancer | 20 |
kidney cell | 20 |
virus fusion | 20 |
sample size | 20 |
animal experiments | 20 |
simian immunodeficiency | 20 |
neutralising antibodies | 20 |
data showed | 20 |
vectors expressing | 20 |
among different | 20 |
serum antibodies | 20 |
default parameters | 20 |
protein binds | 20 |
bagv genome | 20 |
packaging cell | 20 |
rna detection | 20 |
go terms | 20 |
first line | 20 |
cd expression | 20 |
cell lysis | 20 |
hunov vlps | 20 |
family flaviviridae | 20 |
cell nucleus | 20 |
results revealed | 20 |
hcv entry | 20 |
assays using | 20 |
antiviral genes | 20 |
trvlp infection | 20 |
aedes aegypti | 20 |
foreign genes | 20 |
feline herpesvirus | 20 |
drug development | 20 |
culture plates | 20 |
mature virions | 20 |
higher risk | 20 |
elisa formats | 20 |
monkey kidney | 20 |
strong evidence | 20 |
previous report | 20 |
furin cleavage | 20 |
er membranes | 20 |
induced signaling | 20 |
field strains | 20 |
entry site | 20 |
allantoic fluid | 20 |
potential therapeutic | 20 |
csfv ires | 20 |
docking scores | 20 |
heptad repeat | 20 |
plate reader | 20 |
fusion conformation | 20 |
mice treated | 20 |
hours post | 20 |
image series | 20 |
identified two | 20 |
still unclear | 20 |
main protease | 20 |
based assay | 20 |
np interaction | 20 |
containing fbs | 20 |
viral structural | 20 |
like proteases | 20 |
gene product | 20 |
signal intensity | 20 |
evidence suggests | 20 |
novo aih | 20 |
multiplex pcr | 20 |
length infectious | 20 |
vaginal virome | 20 |
severe covid | 20 |
internal control | 20 |
viral transmission | 20 |
viral genes | 20 |
protein induces | 20 |
south america | 20 |
antibody binding | 20 |
studies using | 20 |
lavage fluid | 20 |
aquatic birds | 20 |
distantly related | 20 |
isg conjugation | 20 |
egg yolk | 20 |
transmembrane domains | 20 |
rsv ns | 20 |
id route | 20 |
irf activation | 20 |
dependent pathway | 20 |
pcr positive | 20 |
serological assays | 20 |
cytokine storm | 20 |
circulating strains | 20 |
foster city | 20 |
ring domain | 20 |
assessed using | 20 |
purified recombinant | 20 |
neutral ph | 20 |
viral replicase | 20 |
specific viral | 20 |
molecule inhibitors | 20 |
myxoma virus | 20 |
virus non | 20 |
three drugs | 20 |
virus encephalitis | 20 |
worth noting | 20 |
fcov antigen | 20 |
infected group | 20 |
papillomavirus infection | 20 |
rabbit mab | 20 |
serological evidence | 20 |
efficient replication | 20 |
entry inhibitors | 20 |
protein function | 20 |
dna vaccines | 20 |
microplate reader | 20 |
egyptian fruit | 20 |
peripheral er | 20 |
structural analysis | 20 |
coding sequences | 20 |
hek cells | 20 |
autophagy machinery | 20 |
receptor expression | 20 |
per group | 20 |
correlation coefficient | 20 |
codon usage | 20 |
natural infection | 20 |
crucial role | 19 |
guanine nucleotide | 19 |
os cells | 19 |
will help | 19 |
polyclonal antibodies | 19 |
observed using | 19 |
post inoculation | 19 |
stop codon | 19 |
virus infected | 19 |
reference sequence | 19 |
eidolon helvum | 19 |
neutralizing epitopes | 19 |
antibody detection | 19 |
virus budding | 19 |
considered significant | 19 |
viral glycoproteins | 19 |
evasion strategies | 19 |
host transcription | 19 |
sva reads | 19 |
associated proteins | 19 |
sum test | 19 |
protein production | 19 |
well understood | 19 |
viral release | 19 |
mitochondrial membrane | 19 |
neurological diseases | 19 |
mock group | 19 |
programmed cell | 19 |
finger protein | 19 |
phosphate buffered | 19 |
molecular clock | 19 |
entry receptor | 19 |
frameshifting efficiency | 19 |
nh cl | 19 |
caspase activation | 19 |
uric acid | 19 |
affect viral | 19 |
amphipathic helix | 19 |
protein bands | 19 |
protein binding | 19 |
highly variable | 19 |
artibeus jamaicensis | 19 |
candidate vaccine | 19 |
irf activity | 19 |
exchange factor | 19 |
virus cell | 19 |
kelch proteins | 19 |
virus classification | 19 |
study using | 19 |
intracellular membranes | 19 |
virus isolate | 19 |
using pcr | 19 |
virus may | 19 |
replicon particles | 19 |
entry process | 19 |
virus species | 19 |
tgev purdue | 19 |
highly divergent | 19 |
containing protein | 19 |
performed according | 19 |
pairwise sequence | 19 |
adverse events | 19 |
common cold | 19 |
study revealed | 19 |
ectopically expressed | 19 |
infectious laryngotracheitis | 19 |
nucleotide substitution | 19 |
acute flaccid | 19 |
recombinant plasmid | 19 |
biological functions | 19 |
different regions | 19 |
specific viruses | 19 |
two types | 19 |
sodium dodecyl | 19 |
dalhousie university | 19 |
pressure freezing | 19 |
immunofluorescent staining | 19 |
may indicate | 19 |
prrsv strains | 19 |
wild birds | 19 |
may explain | 19 |
viral diarrhea | 19 |
synergistic effect | 19 |
direct assay | 19 |
rabbit polyclonal | 19 |
values obtained | 19 |
also play | 19 |
weeks old | 19 |
inflammatory cytokine | 19 |
diarrhoea virus | 19 |
animals infected | 19 |
virus vectors | 19 |
positive patients | 19 |
wilcoxon rank | 19 |
study also | 19 |
rank sum | 19 |
bagv sequences | 19 |
single amino | 19 |
feline morbillivirus | 19 |
strain jxwn | 19 |
blocking activity | 19 |
ibv replication | 19 |
viral bronchiolitis | 19 |
egyptian rousette | 19 |
old mice | 19 |
essential medium | 19 |
reverse genetic | 19 |
model system | 19 |
much lower | 19 |
proteasome pathway | 19 |
date palm | 19 |
specific antiviral | 19 |
obtained using | 19 |
autophagy induction | 19 |
using real | 19 |
phosphate buffer | 19 |
early steps | 19 |
mucosal immunity | 19 |
particles expressing | 19 |
feline ifn | 19 |
interferon alpha | 19 |
play important | 19 |
mucin domain | 19 |
monkeypox virus | 19 |
four structural | 19 |
tandem multiplex | 19 |
murine hepatitis | 19 |
common ancestor | 19 |
orf ab | 19 |
tadarida brasiliensis | 19 |
kda protein | 19 |
respiratory samples | 19 |
tested negative | 18 |
infection using | 18 |
standard deviations | 18 |
rhesus macaque | 18 |
genetic variability | 18 |
eptesicus fuscus | 18 |
point mutation | 18 |
ovo cpg | 18 |
enveloped virus | 18 |
antibodies specific | 18 |
strand synthesis | 18 |
tgev infection | 18 |
spinal cords | 18 |
secondary infections | 18 |
disease outbreaks | 18 |
attachment protein | 18 |
factor alpha | 18 |
viral hepatitis | 18 |
localization signals | 18 |
cellular ace | 18 |
shed light | 18 |
protect mice | 18 |
nasal lavage | 18 |
fluorescent intensity | 18 |
dna fragments | 18 |
xbp splicing | 18 |
bronchitis coronavirus | 18 |
viral persistence | 18 |
dependent enhancement | 18 |
mm sodium | 18 |
cysteine protease | 18 |
globular head | 18 |
three weeks | 18 |
virus pathogenesis | 18 |
later stages | 18 |
virus using | 18 |
extracellular traps | 18 |
viral species | 18 |
plasma membranes | 18 |
national institutes | 18 |
viral infectivity | 18 |
western africa | 18 |
superscript iii | 18 |
total reads | 18 |
infection compared | 18 |
tested whether | 18 |
maternal antibodies | 18 |
zikv mr | 18 |
mechanical ventilation | 18 |
two species | 18 |
take place | 18 |
fusion activity | 18 |
infection dynamics | 18 |
infection rates | 18 |
medical research | 18 |
assay using | 18 |
study found | 18 |
oral infection | 18 |
different cellular | 18 |
cell subsets | 18 |
acute hepatitis | 18 |
fold dilutions | 18 |
human hepatitis | 18 |
zikv replication | 18 |
genus flavivirus | 18 |
lung function | 18 |
controlled trial | 18 |
different genotypes | 18 |
acute lower | 18 |
clinical cases | 18 |
receptor signalling | 18 |
bl mice | 18 |
particle production | 18 |
protein inhibits | 18 |
animal viruses | 18 |
fatty acid | 18 |
substitution model | 18 |
coding regions | 18 |
highly contagious | 18 |
exosome release | 18 |
reaction mix | 18 |
life sciences | 18 |
strains isolated | 18 |
cells without | 18 |
host specificity | 18 |
virus nucleocapsid | 18 |
might play | 18 |
viral growth | 18 |
case study | 18 |
also involved | 18 |
bats may | 18 |
infected pbmcs | 18 |
transspecies transmission | 18 |
untreated cells | 18 |
cov pseudovirus | 18 |
early stage | 18 |
rna levels | 18 |
calf serum | 18 |
diagnostic tests | 18 |
popc liposomes | 18 |
different host | 18 |
viral evasion | 18 |
several different | 18 |
palm sap | 18 |
nucleoside analog | 18 |
infection control | 18 |
genetic material | 18 |
healthcare workers | 18 |
reverse primers | 18 |
ifitm clusters | 18 |
genome copies | 18 |
different animal | 18 |
target bacteria | 18 |
knockout mice | 18 |
four hours | 18 |
virus gp | 18 |
crispr cas | 18 |
embryonic kidney | 18 |
orf igg | 18 |
cell proliferation | 18 |
viral mrnas | 18 |
primary feline | 18 |
infectious dose | 18 |
ebov vp | 18 |
phase iii | 18 |
central role | 18 |
specific virus | 18 |
slightly higher | 18 |
viral core | 18 |
evolutionary relationships | 18 |
novel antiviral | 18 |
feral cats | 18 |
negative regulator | 18 |
jev genome | 18 |
induced higher | 18 |
current status | 18 |
highly efficient | 18 |
likelihood method | 18 |
fatal outcome | 18 |
first study | 18 |
endosomal compartments | 18 |
mobility group | 18 |
ii seroindeterminate | 18 |
full length | 18 |
husavirus strains | 18 |
derived dendritic | 18 |
membrane binding | 18 |
serological studies | 18 |
cov transmission | 18 |
human macrophages | 18 |
percentage cpe | 18 |
data sets | 18 |
data show | 18 |
see table | 18 |
cellular components | 18 |
many years | 18 |
aegyptiacus bats | 17 |
virus vector | 17 |
global burden | 17 |
two years | 17 |
mammalian cell | 17 |
five times | 17 |
cycle progression | 17 |
penicillin streptomycin | 17 |
phylogenetic relationships | 17 |
antiviral mechanism | 17 |
rearrangements induced | 17 |
i signaling | 17 |
secreted proteins | 17 |
virus activity | 17 |
respiratory pathogen | 17 |
vector expressing | 17 |
similar levels | 17 |
amniotic fluid | 17 |
induced activation | 17 |
genome encodes | 17 |
structural rna | 17 |
genetics system | 17 |
aa metabolism | 17 |
mediated immunity | 17 |
pivotal role | 17 |
selective autophagy | 17 |
plasmid containing | 17 |
isa adjuvant | 17 |
disease pathogenesis | 17 |
type specific | 17 |
purification kit | 17 |
review will | 17 |
autophagosome formation | 17 |
clinical specimens | 17 |
kj gx | 17 |
time interval | 17 |
cells producing | 17 |
less likely | 17 |
significantly associated | 17 |
promyelocytic leukemia | 17 |
effective vaccine | 17 |
receptor cd | 17 |
increased levels | 17 |
impaired ifn | 17 |
newly formed | 17 |
well characterized | 17 |
scale bar | 17 |
antiviral efficacy | 17 |
related virus | 17 |
like symptoms | 17 |
outdoor access | 17 |
fatal disease | 17 |
virus evolution | 17 |
dimensional architecture | 17 |
translational modification | 17 |
expressing nsp | 17 |
phosphorylated irf | 17 |
virus encoded | 17 |
gene sequence | 17 |
molecular dynamics | 17 |
mutation rate | 17 |
direct interaction | 17 |
therapeutic options | 17 |
mouse mab | 17 |
dna binding | 17 |
whether doxorubicin | 17 |
virulence factor | 17 |
ifn regulatory | 17 |
polyclonal antisera | 17 |
virus replicon | 17 |
factor receptor | 17 |
virus family | 17 |
african republic | 17 |
pcr method | 17 |
nonhuman primate | 17 |
following infection | 17 |
thermal stability | 17 |
viruses identified | 17 |
relative expression | 17 |
wt np | 17 |
blot assay | 17 |
mediated degradation | 17 |
lung inflammation | 17 |
elevated levels | 17 |
pp ab | 17 |
neuroblastoma cell | 17 |
human host | 17 |
significant decrease | 17 |
secondary lymphoid | 17 |
enrichment pcr | 17 |
genetic variation | 17 |
block viral | 17 |
one hand | 17 |
vacv genome | 17 |
neutrophil recruitment | 17 |
dk services | 17 |
also performed | 17 |
pass reads | 17 |
arabian peninsula | 17 |
ha antibodies | 17 |
ndv strains | 17 |
dna synthesis | 17 |
cell biology | 17 |
lipid membrane | 17 |
jx kj | 17 |
examined using | 17 |
genetic recombination | 17 |
apoptotic cells | 17 |
highly sensitive | 17 |
approved drug | 17 |
humoral responses | 17 |
rna concentration | 17 |
human sars | 17 |
sexual transmission | 17 |
result showed | 17 |
three samples | 17 |
structural studies | 17 |
past years | 17 |
using mega | 17 |
respiratory diseases | 17 |
jev replicon | 17 |
human monocytes | 17 |
antiviral function | 17 |
new human | 17 |
susceptible cells | 17 |
long time | 17 |
cells lacking | 17 |
provided protection | 17 |
unclear whether | 17 |
control cells | 17 |
healthy donors | 17 |
bat rabies | 17 |
factors required | 17 |
transferred fragments | 17 |
bacterial artificial | 17 |
vertebrate species | 17 |
different levels | 17 |
reducing conditions | 17 |
statistical computing | 17 |
higher titers | 17 |
potent anti | 17 |
respiratory failure | 17 |
african swine | 17 |
odn pre | 17 |
coding sequence | 17 |
immune protection | 17 |
relatively low | 17 |
like domain | 17 |
viral reads | 17 |
ebov entry | 17 |
associated factor | 17 |
grand island | 17 |
polyubiquitin chains | 17 |
virus polymerase | 17 |
also contribute | 17 |
feline interferon | 17 |
mice compared | 17 |
type viruses | 17 |
type strain | 17 |
final volume | 17 |
early time | 17 |
secondary structures | 17 |
bk virus | 17 |
cancer therapy | 17 |
jnk activation | 17 |
antiviral properties | 17 |
single stranded | 17 |
bat population | 17 |
evolutionary dynamics | 17 |
apoptotic pathway | 17 |
primary pams | 17 |
simian foamy | 17 |
dna sequences | 17 |
niv infection | 17 |
time quantitative | 17 |
southeast asia | 17 |
lethal infection | 17 |
transferred onto | 17 |
sin nombre | 17 |
driven transduction | 17 |
recombination detection | 17 |
tumor suppressor | 17 |
protein may | 17 |
simple method | 17 |
nsp proteins | 17 |
nivsg group | 17 |