trigram

This is a table of type trigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

trigram	frequency
and respiratory syndrome	421
reproductive and respiratory	409
porcine reproductive and	406
respiratory syndrome virus	351
porcine epidemic diarrhea	241
in this study	236
the presence of	216
infectious bronchitis virus	213
epidemic diarrhea virus	202
of porcine reproductive	159
decaro et al	152
based on the	145
at c for	126
of the virus	118
according to the	114
as well as	111
c for min	110
analysis of the	105
vet microbiol doi	102
the s gene	102
data not shown	101
the number of	97
of the s	96
was detected in	93
the detection of	92
polymerase chain reaction	91
feline infectious peritonitis	90
l p r	88
j o u	88
o o f	88
r o o	88
n a l	88
p r e	88
o u r	88
u r n	88
p r o	88
a l p	88
r n a	88
avian infectious bronchitis	87
detected in the	84
observed in the	84
in order to	83
for the detection	82
one of the	81
of canine parvovirus	81
the present study	80
the n protein	80
the development of	77
to determine the	77
porcine circovirus type	76
of porcine epidemic	76
of infectious bronchitis	75
pigs infected with	74
were observed in	74
canine parvovirus type	72
due to the	72
transmissible gastroenteritis virus	72
a and b	71
at room temperature	70
sequence analysis of	70
for min at	69
for h at	68
as previously described	68
was used to	65
molecular characterization of	64
characterization of a	64
a total of	63
were detected in	63
in the s	63
was isolated from	63
of a novel	59
the s protein	58
ck ch jt	58
c for s	58
of the viral	57
was carried out	57
compared to the	56
in the present	55
was used as	55
end of the	55
in the same	55
the cells were	55
found to be	54
liu et al	54
showed that the	53
shown in fig	53
it has been	52
related to the	52
the role of	51
samples were collected	50
ck ch lgx	50
present in the	50
closely related to	50
of icpc a	49
the use of	49
clinical signs of	49
this study was	49
acute respiratory syndrome	48
for detection of	48
the united states	48
severe acute respiratory	48
the results of	47
the end of	47
were used to	47
as described previously	47
of the n	47
of the genome	46
p and p	46
african swine fever	46
multisystemic wasting syndrome	46
was observed in	45
sequence of the	45
the expression of	45
of avian infectious	45
comparison of the	44
all of the	44
for the presence	44
of the porcine	44
pedv n protein	44
the virus was	44
used in this	44
in addition to	44
zhang et al	44
the emergence of	43
in vero cells	43
and characterization of	43
were positive for	43
i and ii	43
swine fever virus	43
the effect of	43
results showed that	43
the occurrence of	42
region of the	42
bovine viral diarrhea	42
experimental infection of	42
were inoculated with	42
rna was extracted	41
each of the	41
has been reported	41
none of the	41
chen et al	41
in the united	40
as shown in	40
was used for	40
was found to	40
respiratory syndrome coronavirus	40
included in the	40
in cell culture	40
postweaning multisystemic wasting	39
the viral genome	39
xu et al	39
g and p	39
in the field	39
of the disease	38
of the two	38
have been reported	38
part of the	38
sequences of the	38
enterotoxigenic escherichia coli	38
were collected from	38
was performed using	38
were found to	38
were obtained from	37
of escherichia coli	37
a number of	37
associated with the	37
were subjected to	37
strain ck ch	37
of porcine circovirus	37
isolated from a	37
viral diarrhea virus	37
used in the	37
responsible for the	37
the small intestine	36
was extracted from	36
days of age	36
could not be	36
was added to	36
the plates were	36
involved in the	36
that of the	36
from diarrheic calves	36
genetic diversity of	36
ck ch ldl	35
for min and	35
and stored at	35
icpc a and	35
infected with prrsv	35
the basis of	35
on the basis	35
were negative for	34
in the feces	34
li et al	34
has been shown	34
there was no	34
of the animals	34
and icpc a	34
there was a	34
and in the	34
in the presence	34
at the time	33
strains of prrsv	33
of the vp	33
changes in the	33
of feline infectious	33
of pigs with	33
the absence of	33
an important role	33
the time of	33
bronchitis virus in	33
the prevalence of	33
the infectivity of	33
with ml of	33
the majority of	33
shown in table	32
of group a	32
similar to those	32
characterization of the	32
allan et al	32
inoculated with the	32
of the samples	32
weeks of age	32
the pathogenicity of	32
blood samples were	32
were used for	32
of transmissible gastroenteritis	32
on the other	32
infection of pigs	32
most of the	32
been reported in	32
to that of	32
the other hand	32
as described by	31
the importance of	31
of the spike	31
were infected with	31
the respiratory tract	31
differences in the	31
with respect to	31
wang et al	31
obtained from the	31
was determined by	31
found in the	31
the pathogenesis of	31
in the lungs	30
diarrhea virus in	30
in south korea	30
swh n group	30
used as a	30
g for min	30
the ability of	30
were found in	30
group a rotavirus	30
are shown in	30
the current study	30
in contrast to	30
of antibodies to	29
min at c	29
development of a	29
was associated with	29
of this study	29
the level of	29
identification of a	29
infectious peritonitis virus	29
amino acid sequence	29
nucleic acid probes	29
virus in the	29
were incubated at	29
of the three	29
the n gene	29
phylogenetic analysis of	28
similar to that	28
fecal samples from	28
the clinical signs	28
been shown to	28
attaching and effacing	28
in the netherlands	28
is associated with	28
cells infected with	28
s gene of	28
the fecal samples	28
were used as	28
deduced amino acid	28
was supported by	28
is the first	28
fecal samples were	28
indicated that the	28
infected with the	28
the evolution of	27
c kv adj	27
the results showed	27
have also been	27
in accordance with	27
a and icpc	27
cells in the	27
for the development	27
immature and mature	27
h at c	27
of the experiment	27
of viral rna	27
isolated from the	27
d kv adj	27
canine respiratory coronavirus	27
as a result	27
and p genotypes	26
zhou et al	26
the spike protein	26
hepatitis e virus	26
compared with the	26
of the isolates	26
in the small	26
were isolated from	26
innate immune response	26
in the cytoplasm	26
of feline coronavirus	26
reed and muench	26
of a new	26
important role in	26
shown to be	26
to those of	26
the severity of	26
strains isolated from	26
incubated at c	26
incubated for h	26
the production of	26
porcine epidemic diarrhoea	26
of bovine rotavirus	26
results of the	26
the distribution of	26
study was to	25
any of the	25
the nucleocapsid protein	25
the onset of	25
respiratory disease in	25
an outbreak of	25
and identification of	25
morbidity and mortality	25
clinical signs and	25
and amino acid	25
been associated with	25
the genome of	25
referred to as	25
in the intestinal	25
has not been	25
porpv swh n	25
dot blot hybridization	25
the percentage of	25
infectious bronchitis coronavirus	25
was performed in	25
the complete genome	25
was detected by	25
there were no	25
the age of	25
in situ hybridization	25
were stained with	25
infected with porcine	24
those of the	24
with that of	24
ml of the	24
of clinical signs	24
linked immunosorbent assay	24
type i and	24
of the most	24
all rights reserved	24
suggested that the	24
the negative control	24
to evaluate the	24
that had been	24
than that of	24
at the end	24
vennema et al	24
at days of	24
have shown that	24
thermo fisher scientific	24
woode et al	24
of the pigs	24
neonatal calf diarrhea	24
pratelli et al	24
in the us	24
belonging to the	24
porcine respiratory coronavirus	24
were analyzed by	24
belongs to the	24
group a rotaviruses	24
and mature mo	24
all pigs were	23
syndrome virus in	23
the amino acid	23
the amount of	23
we found that	23
huang et al	23
with porcine circovirus	23
the fact that	23
the course of	23
the spike gene	23
two of the	23
meulenberg et al	23
in vitro and	23
the porcine reproductive	23
was confirmed by	23
the control group	23
of the same	23
in the first	23
pcr assay for	23
in the spike	23
located in the	23
equine arteritis virus	23
of the four	23
the inoculum was	23
in ml of	23
demonstrated that the	23
log copies ml	22
of respiratory disease	22
were incubated with	22
there is no	22
the genetic diversity	22
the samples were	22
of the study	22
in the case	22
of severe acute	22
in each group	22
the case of	22
by centrifugation at	22
was found in	22
of viral dna	22
compared to pigs	22
significantly higher than	22
dixon et al	22
in the control	22
serum samples were	22
caused by the	22
revealed that the	22
swine influenza virus	22
for s and	22
to detect the	22
to investigate the	22
the nrtw i	21
considered to be	21
presence of the	21
causative agent of	21
with porcine reproductive	21
samples were positive	21
has also been	21
parts of the	21
to assess the	21
an increase in	21
was not detected	21
than in the	21
molecular epidemiology of	21
the porcine epidemic	21
results suggest that	21
b and b	21
been detected in	21
b and c	21
were tested for	21
the most important	21
mouse hepatitis virus	21
n protein of	21
in the current	21
be detected in	21
fetal bovine serum	21
of pasteurella multocida	21
have been identified	21
the causative agent	21
fang et al	21
nelsen et al	21
in cell cultures	21
in the mock	21
c for h	21
and incubated for	21
minute virus of	21
infection in the	21
antibodies to pcv	21
nucleotide and amino	21
and pathogenicity of	21
information on the	21
the origin of	21
in agreement with	21
the lamina propria	21
expressed as the	21
the vp gene	21
to be a	21
be due to	21
orally inoculated with	21
used for the	21
were performed using	21
consistent with the	21
role in the	21
a concentration of	21
samples from the	21
detection of bovine	21
and c for	21
kim et al	21
allende et al	21
samples collected from	21
amino acid sequences	21
of bovine coronavirus	21
were carried out	21
by means of	20
of the other	20
east respiratory syndrome	20
nrtw i strain	20
of the m	20
and incubated at	20
pigs inoculated with	20
pcr products were	20
between the two	20
that the virus	20
could be detected	20
the interaction between	20
in the genome	20
of virus replication	20
experimentally infected with	20
shxb and stc	20
regions of the	20
such as the	20
to the same	20
indicating that the	20
at and dpi	20
in the absence	20
with the exception	20
increase in the	20
used as the	20
virus of canines	20
in the trachea	20
the induction of	20
tested positive for	20
gene of the	20
middle east respiratory	20
pigs in the	20
this work was	20
the s subunit	20
has been described	20
collected from the	20
to determine whether	20
virus infection in	20
the ck ch	20
this is the	20
of bovine viral	20
may have been	20
were determined by	20
virus replication in	20
added to the	20
the most common	20
rna was detected	20
opriessnig et al	20
high levels of	20
western blot analysis	20
the effects of	20
in of the	20
and of the	20
clinical signs were	20
strains of porcine	20
mock swh n	20
a result of	20
in pigs infected	19
added to each	19
carried out in	19
of these viruses	19
three times with	19
the nucleotide sequence	19
the fnov m	19
of canine coronavirus	19
recombination in the	19
park et al	19
at a concentration	19
but not in	19
lesions in the	19
for clinical signs	19
were washed with	19
type i interferon	19
similar to the	19
as a vaccine	19
bovine viral diarrhoea	19
of the fecal	19
is able to	19
carried out on	19
used to detect	19
as described above	19
the formation of	19
not detected in	19
detection of canine	19
herrewegh et al	19
total rna was	19
to be the	19
seen in the	19
in the porpv	19
open reading frame	19
of type i	19
the spread of	19
positive samples were	19
for h and	19
s and s	19
of enterotoxigenic escherichia	19
suggest that the	19
the risk of	19
open reading frames	19
for the first	19
the pcr products	19
can be found	19
of pcv antigen	19
in our study	19
tl ch ldt	19
in the group	19
on the s	18
the isolates were	18
of swh n	18
in the faeces	18
tp and tp	18
the diagnosis of	18
as determined by	18
the north american	18
lesions were observed	18
together with the	18
by polymerase chain	18
were orally inoculated	18
hek t cells	18
blot hybridization assay	18
in gnotobiotic pigs	18
pigs in group	18
day et al	18
were collected at	18
second lps administration	18
han et al	18
sweden jn sweden	18
min at room	18
and ml of	18
of african swine	18
jn sweden jn	18
were examined for	18
epidemic diarrhoea virus	18
pigs coinfected with	18
the ability to	18
lin et al	18
the sequences of	18
meng et al	18
was able to	18
of the ibv	18
hall et al	18
with those of	18
was obtained from	18
performed using the	18
and evolution of	18
in china and	18
producing escherichia coli	18
summarized in table	18
in newborn piglets	18
the first report	18
igg and iga	18
was performed by	18
time pcr assay	18
of prrsv and	18
and eae stx	18
at dpi and	18
fragment of the	18
deletions in the	18
of the infected	18
and porcine parvovirus	18
mutations in the	18
with the s	18
viral rna was	18
is responsible for	18
at the same	18
from healthy calves	18
complete genome sequence	18
in recent years	18
of c for	18
different from the	17
log tcid ml	17
during the first	17
have not been	17
of the piglets	17
were treated with	17
been isolated from	17
and the other	17
the activation of	17
at c in	17
and diarrheic calves	17
the exception of	17
distribution of the	17
coronavirus infectious bronchitis	17
analysis was performed	17
in dogs and	17
ch ldl i	17
is not known	17
the negative controls	17
of postweaning multisystemic	17
the innate immune	17
challenged with the	17
was performed on	17
tp or tp	17
well as the	17
extracted from the	17
in the number	17
it is possible	17
of fecal samples	17
shown that the	17
g and g	17
an equal volume	17
the b protein	17
the virus in	17
the diarrheic calves	17
the viral rna	17
and molecular characterization	17
the method of	17
of the viruses	17
h at room	17
equal volume of	17
in the viral	17
mediated isothermal amplification	17
the virus is	17
play an important	17
higher levels of	17
disease in pigs	17
the icpc a	17
derived from the	17
described in the	17
of the inoculated	17
the duration of	17
is one of	17
in calf diarrhea	17
the isolation of	17
is similar to	17
expression of the	17
well plates were	17
of the b	17
have been described	17
infectious respiratory disease	17
isolates of prrsv	17
was performed to	17
suggesting that the	17
s protein of	17
of the infection	17
the virulence of	17
results indicated that	17
supported by the	17
conjugated goat anti	17
in the study	17
the m gene	17
addition to the	17
after h of	17
be used as	17
in group g	16
emergence of a	16
intestinal epithelial cells	16
significantly lower than	16
vero and ipec	16
were stored at	16
each group were	16
erles et al	16
isolate ck ch	16
samples stored at	16
vp and vp	16
was isolated in	16
and iga antibodies	16
cells of the	16
isolates of omp	16
serum samples from	16
in north america	16
the infection of	16
the cytoplasm of	16
ml of template	16
was significantly higher	16
and virus isolation	16
of the birds	16
experimental reproduction of	16
a member of	16
sensitivity of the	16
were added to	16
of the world	16
genome sequence of	16
may be a	16
corresponding to the	16
in combination with	16
in which the	16
the authors declare	16
healthy and diarrheic	16
rotavirus and coronavirus	16
infectious bronchitis viruses	16
have been detected	16
because of the	16
cells were incubated	16
has been suggested	16
coronavirus infection in	16
significant differences in	16
jejunum and ileum	16
infectivity of icpc	16
approved by the	16
origin of the	16
variation in the	16
diarrhea virus and	16
with diarrhea in	16
the feces of	16
was performed with	16
the first time	16
martella et al	16
followed by cycles	16
canine distemper virus	16
these results suggest	16
for rapid detection	16
were placed in	16
the mechanism of	16
dogs in the	16
piglets infected with	16
a negative control	16
of the calves	16
escherichia coli strains	16
age of the	16
the proportion of	16
listed in table	16
high degree of	16
were incubated for	16
indicate that the	16
feng et al	16
syndrome virus infection	16
determined by the	16
depending on the	16
the efficacy of	16
cd t cells	16
were similar to	16
canine infectious respiratory	16
song et al	16
the pigs were	16
the replication of	16
the immune response	16
at days post	16
of pcv dna	16
of neutralizing antibodies	16
as a negative	16
significant at p	16
field strains of	16
birds in the	16
hou et al	16
virus has been	16
was assessed by	16
by using a	16
months of age	16
the experimental period	16
evaluation of the	16
there is a	16
the mock swh	16
in the serum	15
evolutionary genetics analysis	15
the sequence of	15
after infection with	15
strains have been	15
with and without	15
and lymph nodes	15
cells were fixed	15
of the coronavirus	15
the levels of	15
severe clinical signs	15
viruses isolated in	15
from calves with	15
outer membrane protein	15
first report of	15
of the present	15
is a major	15
which has been	15
work was supported	15
have been developed	15
the e protein	15
antibodies to porcine	15
the addition of	15
found that the	15
s and n	15
a variety of	15
is an important	15
of veterinary medicine	15
room temperature for	15
types i and	15
isolates of porcine	15
jung et al	15
with nc b	15
of rotavirus in	15
denaturation at c	15
cell cultures and	15
and stained with	15
the immune system	15
from days to	15
the faeces of	15
molecular evolutionary genetics	15
of human rotavirus	15
ck ch lsc	15
infection of the	15
were challenged with	15
some of these	15
structure of the	15
for at least	15
organs of the	15
are able to	15
mochizuki et al	15
s p ratios	15
were significantly higher	15
cell cultures were	15
to pigs infected	15
at c and	15
tested for the	15
persistently infected with	15
based on a	15
and has been	15
diarrheic fecal samples	15
positive fecal samples	15
infection with the	15
accordance with the	15
the binding of	15
of the strains	15
understanding of the	15
the phylogenetic tree	15
tj and aj	15
of age and	15
in another study	15
viral diarrhoea virus	15
rna recombination in	15
evaluation of a	15
the association between	15
experimental infection with	15
contribute to the	15
was similar to	15
valastro et al	15
in the usa	15
in serum and	15
samples were tested	15
in terms of	15
of the complete	15
of the vaccine	15
were used in	15
in feces from	15
ranged from to	15
when compared to	15
in the recombination	15
vitro and in	15
is possible that	15
is the most	15
detection of viral	15
of ozonized water	15
the spike glycoprotein	15
out of the	15
the family coronaviridae	15
difference between the	15
clarified by centrifugation	15
infected with pcv	15
the cause of	15
discovery of a	15
wide range of	15
weesendorp et al	15
have demonstrated that	15
characteristics of the	15
of the pcr	15
with or without	15
virus was isolated	15
ch lsc i	14
results show that	14
in the pig	14
differences between the	14
zhao et al	14
the rescued virus	14
of viral replication	14
minimum essential medium	14
in dogs in	14
and the results	14
of porcine rotavirus	14
of bcv isolates	14
the results obtained	14
to each well	14
of antibodies against	14
member of the	14
the size of	14
luo et al	14
results indicate that	14
of the orf	14
to confirm the	14
detected in all	14
the introduction of	14
epitope fusion protein	14
calculated using the	14
lps exposed pigs	14
a panel of	14
detection of the	14
b and d	14
the same time	14
transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus	14
isolates from to	14
analysis of a	14
that the n	14
of infection with	14
h and h	14
extension at c	14
and pcv b	14
genome copies ml	14
kennedy et al	14
in all the	14
a comparison of	14
serum samples collected	14
is characterized by	14
nucleocapsid protein of	14
in experimentally infected	14
a series of	14
analysis showed that	14
were associated with	14
in the intestine	14
s and c	14
well as in	14
infected with vr	14
emergence of new	14
were performed in	14
kapil et al	14
with calf diarrhea	14
this study were	14
sialic acid binding	14
prior to the	14
than those of	14
for antibodies to	14
the porpv swh	14
were collected and	14
groups a and	14
targeting the s	14
isolated in china	14
in serum samples	14
viral rna in	14
the aim of	14
in gnotobiotic calves	14
levels of antibodies	14
higher than those	14
studies have shown	14
significant difference between	14
isolated in the	14
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis	14
rapid detection of	14
in escherichia coli	14
basis of the	14
isolated from an	14
the genbank database	14
the existence of	14
of nucleic acid	14
to infection with	14
plates were incubated	14
diarrhea virus strains	14
the original type	14
at least one	14
the parental virus	14
a role in	14
and in vivo	14
the piglets were	14
of each primer	14
coli isolated from	14
yu et al	14
of a coronavirus	14
washed three times	14
by cycles of	14
tw and us	14
with porcine epidemic	14
to our knowledge	14
the pedv n	14
that pedv n	14
as a consequence	14
the s and	14
and deduced amino	13
dogs and cats	13
is caused by	13
hu et al	13
all samples were	13
were analyzed using	13
in the virus	13
of virus in	13
were cultured in	13
strains in the	13
the vaccine strain	13
of the cell	13
the virus has	13
in the kidneys	13
the identification of	13
the study of	13
the reaction was	13
and to the	13
size of the	13
of the five	13
in the lamina	13
in serum from	13
taxonomy of viruses	13
as described in	13
pedv icpc a	13
the offspring of	13
in all of	13
identified in the	13
mengeling et al	13
were present in	13
in a total	13
virus was detected	13
to porcine circovirus	13
stadejek et al	13
of rotavirus infection	13
the possibility of	13
and sequence analysis	13
of monoclonal antibodies	13
only in the	13
of these animals	13
and that the	13
virus yield reduction	13
of recombination events	13
infection with a	13
plays an important	13
be responsible for	13
by using the	13
followed by a	13
of diarrhea in	13
ompa and omph	13
show that the	13
for the diagnosis	13
by western blotting	13
immune response to	13
the m protein	13
is essential for	13
inoculum was removed	13
characterization of porcine	13
is present in	13
assay for the	13
of the mcr	13
sun et al	13
from healthy and	13
for up to	13
and it is	13
immune response in	13
from the two	13
indel pedv strain	13
also detected in	13
been described in	13
rotavirus vaccine candidates	13
wasting syndrome in	13
eae stx e	13
cycles of c	13
the lack of	13
are summarized in	13
spike protein of	13
n protein and	13
were tested by	13
a previous study	13
there are no	13
woo et al	13
antigen was detected	13
embryonated chicken eggs	13
fold dilutions of	13
virulent and attenuated	13
disease in the	13
from the same	13
positive villous epithelium	13
members of the	13
associated with a	13
calf diarrhea and	13
between and days	13
were maintained in	13
sequencing of the	13
ntafis et al	13
under conditions of	13
calves with diarrhea	13
in the herd	13
can be used	13
of the nucleocapsid	13
more than one	13
been reported that	13
may lead to	13
on taxonomy of	13
in group were	13
been identified in	13
little or no	13
casais et al	13
ibv n protein	13
and porcine reproductive	13
genetic characterization of	13
for min to	13
of the lungs	13
a consequence of	13
virus nucleocapsid protein	13
to reduce the	13
virus isolated from	13
to one of	13
of the recombinant	13
the supernatant was	13
in spite of	13
detected in serum	13
acid sequences of	13
canine and feline	13
the vaccine virus	13
a wide range	13
development of pmws	13
in the second	13
the trachea and	13
in the future	13
comparative sequence analysis	13
the frequency of	13
of protection against	13
some of the	13
suggests that the	13
lymph nodes and	13
homologous and heterologous	13
domain of the	13
the porpv mock	13
was reported in	13
in diarrheic calves	13
infection with pcv	13
termination of the	13
of dogs with	13
nsp and nsp	13
the birds in	13
van reeth et	12
a simple method	12
times with pbs	12
in pigs of	12
were expressed as	12
association between the	12
virus from the	12
orf a and	12
isolation of a	12
pathogenicity of a	12
sensitivity and specificity	12
infection in pigs	12
against challenge with	12
were housed in	12
sequence of a	12
to the cells	12
are listed in	12
for virus isolation	12
of this virus	12
induced by the	12
epithelial cells of	12
of the immune	12
monoclonal antibodies to	12
samples were taken	12
type and type	12
of calf diarrhea	12
of the rotavirus	12
parvovirus type c	12
spike gene of	12
more closely related	12
the regulation of	12
amino acid identities	12
were fixed with	12
that rna recombination	12
enteric disease in	12
n protein is	12
difference in the	12
were detected by	12
these results indicated	12
of a recombinant	12
were mixed with	12
remains to be	12
genomic sequence of	12
to develop a	12
and did not	12
and control of	12
characterization of canine	12
was stored at	12
evolution of canine	12
strains circulating in	12
associated with diarrhea	12
was evaluated by	12
the orf gene	12
committee on taxonomy	12
number of cd	12
the poultry industry	12
are expressed as	12
serial dilutions of	12
of the full	12
this article can	12
those in the	12
commercial inactivated vaccine	12
piglets in group	12
fcov type i	12
genetic analysis of	12
snodgrass et al	12
in the co	12
the tw ibv	12
to study the	12
the source of	12
of pedv n	12
studies have demonstrated	12
mouth disease virus	12
international committee on	12
a novel coronavirus	12
the serum of	12
of the bovine	12
would like to	12
were compared with	12
complete genomic sequence	12
presence of virus	12
throughout the world	12
tian et al	12
from pigs with	12
in the respiratory	12
available in the	12
were considered positive	12
the ibv strains	12
are needed to	12
central nervous system	12
eae and eae	12
was incubated with	12
bat coronavirus hku	12
detection of antibodies	12
it can be	12
out of samples	12
in pups with	12
vero cell monolayers	12
of all ages	12
cell lysates were	12
may result in	12
bovine rotavirus and	12
were fixed in	12
in the lung	12
activation of the	12
by western blot	12
h after the	12
hennings et al	12
p possesses aa	12
acid sequence of	12
canine parvovirus in	12
cells were infected	12
bovine serum albumin	12
the online version	12
chang et al	12
positive to pcv	12
their ability to	12
the ibv strain	12
dpi and dpi	12
morgan et al	12
it is also	12
three independent experiments	12
fcov type ii	12
studies are needed	12
the disease is	12
s p ratio	12
in the development	12
the recombination events	12
have been isolated	12
was performed as	12
the availability of	12
in the online	12
of an infectious	12
pigs of the	12
appears to be	12
of amino acids	12
with an equal	12
embedded in paraffin	12
halbur et al	12
conflict of interest	12
the experimental infection	12
reeth et al	12
the impact of	12
n protein was	12
molecular analysis of	12
infected cell cultures	12
up to days	12
assay was performed	12
randomly assigned to	12
de wit et	12
severity of the	12
endoplasmic reticulum stress	12
and differentiation of	12
studies on the	12
to each other	12
we did not	12
of bovine torovirus	12
article can be	12
and efficacy of	12
used to determine	12
escherichia coli o	12
in the n	12
spf chicken eggs	12
no significant differences	12
cavanagh et al	12
no evidence of	12
of the pedv	12
piglets born to	12
in fecal samples	12
and used as	12
pcr was performed	12
animals in the	12
provided by the	12
of the partial	12
be related to	12
of rotavirus and	12
final concentration of	12
was mixed with	12
of lelystad virus	12
reported to be	12
respiratory disease complex	12
strain of porcine	12
of the current	12
of the trial	12
wit et al	12
belong to the	12
porcine garv infections	12
pathogenic porcine reproductive	12
swh n in	12
european and american	12
was also observed	12
pcv and ppv	12
of the small	12
highly pathogenic porcine	12
be associated with	12
isolation and characterization	12
and lamina propria	12
protein of porcine	12
s subunit of	12
of a bovine	12
evolution of the	12
efficacy of a	11
t cells were	11
at a moi	11
and the viral	11
is consistent with	11
used to test	11
vaccinated with the	11
diarrhea virus infection	11
secondary bacterial infections	11
and n proteins	11
lorusso et al	11
antibody response in	11
coronavirus avian infectious	11
isolation and identification	11
but not with	11
analyses were performed	11
that the pedv	11
of the protein	11
the possibility that	11
of the dead	11
detection of rotavirus	11
gene segment of	11
buonavoglia et al	11
signs of respiratory	11
were scored as	11
associated with calf	11
the analysis of	11
at h post	11
the rna was	11
infected with nc	11
positive and negative	11
cells were seeded	11
the serum samples	11
incubation at c	11
of the villi	11
in china in	11
virus neutralizing activity	11
in clinical samples	11
in the a	11
of the major	11
of the tw	11
field isolates of	11
of newborn piglets	11
strain was isolated	11
were centrifuged at	11
of intestinal dcs	11
during persistent infection	11
identification of the	11
the extent of	11
assay for detection	11
cells transfected with	11
disease caused by	11
of the cases	11
the first days	11
from each group	11
using graphpad prism	11
to activate t	11
of the control	11
a phylogenetic tree	11
of at least	11
these results indicate	11
verheije et al	11
jung and saif	11
the stem region	11
the middle east	11
antibodies in the	11
of clinical disease	11
was used in	11
were analysed by	11
the hypervariable region	11
of ibv strains	11
detection of feline	11
the control of	11
virus replication and	11
are involved in	11
to the virus	11
the relationship between	11
infected with shxb	11
the recombination region	11
genetic and antigenic	11
is based on	11
genbank accession no	11
escherichia coli isolated	11
the university of	11
the specificity of	11
throughout the study	11
the cpv variants	11
with the other	11
compared to other	11
the differences in	11
a and orf	11
was approved by	11
a set of	11
and centrifuged at	11
specificity of the	11
hepatitis c virus	11
described for the	11
rna copy numbers	11
the difference in	11
protein in the	11
n gene of	11
is shown in	11
cells were lysed	11
mg l ozonized	11
cells were cultured	11
rna in the	11
are presented in	11
the d kv	11
virus and the	11
was added and	11
the sensitivity of	11
likely to be	11
detection of a	11
insertions and deletions	11
has been used	11
from an outbreak	11
a review of	11
and mortality in	11
used as an	11
pcr and nested	11
especially in the	11
at day p	11
to the s	11
the detection and	11
ibv strain ck	11
in southern china	11
of each virus	11
i and the	11
results demonstrated that	11
after inoculation with	11
l ozonized water	11
compared with those	11
of pedv in	11
in the experimental	11
to hygromycin b	11
than those in	11
viral hemorrhagic septicaemia	11
detection of porcine	11
has been associated	11
bronchitis virus strain	11
high level of	11
nucleic acid hybridization	11
the functions of	11
of amino acid	11
after the first	11
pedv infection in	11
pedersen et al	11
was present in	11
molecular biology of	11
using monoclonal antibodies	11
of the btov	11
prrsv n protein	11
we investigated the	11
assigned to one	11
of denaturation at	11
quantitation of canine	11
and ck ch	11
no conflict of	11
all pigs in	11
diarrheic and healthy	11
antibodies against the	11
that they have	11
inoculated with a	11
the function of	11
with rna from	11
in the subfamily	11
cycles of denaturation	11
nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis	11
phase cell cycle	11
been suggested that	11
t cells in	11
comparative analysis of	11
complete genome of	11
was inoculated with	11
in porcine reproductive	11
the loss of	11
the authors thank	11
are responsible for	11
known to be	11
the type i	11
cloned into the	11
domestic and wild	11
and emergence of	11
plates were washed	11
to the family	11
yang et al	11
two types of	11
the supernatants were	11
study was supported	11
deletion in the	11
of repeated elements	11
better understand the	11
spread of the	11
the duplex rt	11
porcine alveolar macrophages	11
for swh n	11
the vp protein	11
has been found	11
with a high	11
isolation of porcine	11
dogs with diarrhea	11
gallien et al	11
two out of	11
group were inoculated	11
from this study	11
hematoxylin and eosin	11
half of the	11
referred to the	11
of the antigenic	11
no clinical signs	11
under field conditions	11
incubated for min	11
effect on the	11
appear to be	11
the plaque assay	11
the result of	11
characterisation of the	11
dilutions of the	11
of the total	11
compared to those	11
virus strains in	11
days post infection	11
of the cpv	11
strains from diarrheic	11
c and d	11
fixed with acetone	11
virus and porcine	11
classical swine fever	11
dea et al	11
bovine rotavirus strains	11
in the different	11
cells were harvested	11
the s ntd	11
and genotyping of	11
inoculated with ml	11
hev specific sirnas	11
and nested pcr	11
of the respiratory	11
to better understand	11
pigs with porcine	11
infectious cdna clone	11
and bile acids	11
nucleotide sequence of	11
krakowka et al	11
acid binding activity	11
pigs with a	10
no differences in	10
analysis of canine	10
wills et al	10
were washed three	10
a lesser extent	10
the yn attenuated	10
type porcine reproductive	10
all but one	10
tips of the	10
amounts of pcv	10
negative control group	10
pedv and tgev	10
the eae gene	10
of the canine	10
divided into two	10
detected in a	10
data suggest that	10
was positive for	10
with the highest	10
from to days	10
old spf chickens	10
have been associated	10
washed with pbs	10
phosphate buffered saline	10
close to the	10
host innate immune	10
from the netherlands	10
genome sequences of	10
to have a	10
the lungs of	10
was observed when	10
high mortality in	10
detection and differentiation	10
flores et al	10
of feline calicivirus	10
the attaching and	10
the ee outbreak	10
at g for	10
analysis revealed that	10
to examine the	10
as in the	10
for type ii	10
pedv rna was	10
fold serial dilutions	10
yuan et al	10
tracheal organ cultures	10
be able to	10
swine infertility and	10
we used the	10
zhu et al	10
zheng et al	10
porcine rotavirus serotypes	10
the concentration of	10
nucleic acid probe	10
the host immune	10
have been shown	10
ridpath et al	10
was observed at	10
of avian coronavirus	10
were included in	10
vero cells were	10
samples were detected	10
using a commercial	10
of the expected	10
the type ii	10
and detection of	10
also known as	10
binding of tgev	10
minor groove binder	10
been shown that	10
dna in the	10
signs were observed	10
specific monoclonal antibodies	10
the swine industry	10
as compared to	10
pigs in groups	10
and subjected to	10
the gastrointestinal tract	10
were randomly assigned	10
positive cells were	10
studies have been	10
the asfv genomes	10
and western blot	10
monolayers were washed	10
specific pathogen free	10
and north american	10
properties of the	10
restricted to the	10
pigs of all	10
were confirmed by	10
was resuspended in	10
segment of strain	10
in the pathogenesis	10
infected cells were	10
of the gene	10
and incubated with	10
the highest viral	10
of mouse hepatitis	10
rapid and sensitive	10
for the two	10
a dilution of	10
resulted in a	10
the results are	10
f f f	10
with prrsv alone	10
detection and quantitation	10
of each of	10
the susceptibility of	10
were also found	10
capacity of the	10
nucleotide sequence identity	10
the viral load	10
from the inoculated	10
diarrheic calves in	10
at different time	10
of strain i	10
the tips of	10
and analyzed by	10
the international committee	10
ml well of	10
circovirus and porcine	10
the newborn piglets	10
the peak of	10
shiga toxin antigens	10
higher than in	10
a bp fragment	10
be considered as	10
circulating in the	10
the maintenance medium	10
were transfected with	10
primers were designed	10
performed according to	10
porcine rotavirus serotype	10
the kidneys of	10
to the viral	10
the cell surface	10
the need for	10
a new genotype	10
were also detected	10
restriction fragment length	10
a combination of	10
performed as described	10
of the genus	10
was removed and	10
the phosphorylation of	10
inhibitory effects of	10
porpv mock group	10
antibodies against porcine	10
during the period	10
also observed in	10
be ruled out	10
negative for prrsv	10
in most cases	10
study showed that	10
the appearance of	10
in relation to	10
in wild pigs	10
as early as	10
at dpi in	10
were selected for	10
data indicate that	10
novel swine enteric	10
highly significant at	10
and the role	10
coronavirus isolated from	10
yield reduction assays	10
the birds were	10
by reverse transcription	10
of low stringency	10
stored at c	10
further studies are	10
observed between the	10
and from the	10
days after infection	10
are associated with	10
for use in	10
genbank accession number	10
were examined by	10
subunit of the	10
hoet et al	10
nasal and oral	10
infection in a	10
kindly provided by	10
bile and bile	10
dpi in the	10
study of the	10
of the highest	10
prevention and control	10
porcine circovirus and	10
need to be	10
bovine coronavirus in	10
considered statistically significant	10
is in agreement	10
isolated from pigs	10
tested negative for	10
the results from	10
gastroenteritis virus and	10
the reassortant r	10
it may be	10
bohl et al	10
time of addition	10
significantly higher in	10
characterization of an	10
epithelial cells and	10
in the negative	10
the antigenic variants	10
of these strains	10
genes of the	10
authors declare that	10
pigs were negative	10
canine parvovirus infection	10
high frequency of	10
cpe inhibition assay	10
be explained by	10
analyses of the	10
infections in the	10
very similar to	10
and evaluation of	10
had significantly higher	10
the structural proteins	10
nelson et al	10
in the genbank	10
be involved in	10
was conducted to	10
in this group	10
higher than that	10
prior to infection	10
infertility and respiratory	10
of a group	10
the s glycoprotein	10
of reed and	10
a group of	10
of n protein	10
little is known	10
been reported to	10
sheep and goats	10
rotavirus was detected	10
and the virus	10
north american and	10
of a virus	10
coli associated with	10
escherichia coli associated	10
maternally derived antibodies	10
of the single	10
this virus was	10
supplemented with fetal	10
the epidemiology of	10
due to a	10
strains isolated in	10
posch et al	10
contrast to the	10
cats with fip	10
and development of	10
of the diarrheic	10
in italy and	10
one or more	10
of cell culture	10
inoculated with pcv	10
host immune response	10
of prrsv in	10
by escherichia coli	10
rna extracted from	10
plp dub activity	10
with ethidium bromide	10
account for the	10
strains from healthy	10
dmem supplemented with	10
during the experimental	10
our results showed	10
complete spike gene	10
in pigs with	10
majority of the	10
signs of disease	10
a recent study	9
the titers of	9
associated with an	9
in the region	9
may be related	9
isolated from cattle	9
hasoksuz et al	9
to the best	9
presence of antibodies	9
of virus from	9
development of clinical	9
in the clinical	9
for diagnosis of	9
the characteristics of	9
cells were washed	9
in the last	9
to determine if	9
song and park	9
has been detected	9
like to thank	9
su et al	9
present study was	9
at least in	9
american and european	9
severity of clinical	9
animal care and	9
risk factors for	9
osu and gottfried	9
was expressed as	9
strain isolated from	9
birds in group	9
moderate to severe	9
by porcine epidemic	9
was consistent with	9
not be detected	9
a score of	9
rotavirus serotypes and	9
able to cause	9
serve as a	9
is composed of	9
natural and experimental	9
none of these	9
virulence of the	9
virus nonstructural protein	9
the isolation and	9
the rest of	9
the replicase gene	9
course of the	9
the assembly of	9
annealing at c	9
different strains of	9
of prrsv is	9
diversity of avian	9
performed using a	9
c and c	9
is important to	9
china in recent	9
united states and	9
indicates that the	9
and it was	9
performed in a	9
mortality in the	9
of bvdv in	9
was not observed	9
for more than	9
of sow no	9
carried out using	9
antiviral effects of	9
pigs compared to	9
the second lps	9
detection and characterization	9
are known to	9
during infection of	9
virus in a	9
antigenic relationships among	9
determine whether the	9
antigens were detected	9
of the purified	9
in asfv genomes	9
truyen et al	9
in the blood	9
this may be	9
from a single	9
care and use	9
in a previous	9
volume of ml	9
assembly of the	9
pathogens in wild	9
with the same	9
examined daily for	9
detected by the	9
north american strains	9
the vt probe	9
with fetal bovine	9
the rotavirus vaccine	9
molecular mass of	9
data were analyzed	9
escherichia coli strain	9
the polymerase chain	9
has been proposed	9
it should be	9
the reciprocal of	9
to test the	9
of tgev to	9
p and g	9
it is not	9
presence or absence	9
a final extension	9
a novel swine	9
was to determine	9
the a orf	9
days after the	9
and bovine coronavirus	9
bor infected pigs	9
did not react	9
this suggests that	9
crystal structure of	9
the deduced amino	9
of the trachea	9
heated at c	9
in infected cells	9
appeared to be	9
infected with pedv	9
of the positive	9
of viral hemorrhagic	9
feline enteric coronavirus	9
order to determine	9
be the most	9
and healthy calves	9
the significance of	9
were shown to	9
cells were treated	9
of the jejunum	9
of ck ch	9
had been vaccinated	9
cells were grown	9
syndrome virus isolates	9
or absence of	9
authors declare no	9
pedersen and hawkins	9
as for the	9
of feline coronaviruses	9
cell culture supernatant	9
infectious peritonitis in	9
at least two	9
lincoln and b	9
of the cats	9
of cpv infection	9
d and e	9
the day of	9
the intestinal villi	9
in the analysis	9
in the nucleus	9
and effacing lesion	9
the blood of	9
calculated based on	9
and use committee	9
ohshima et al	9
leeuw et al	9
in our previous	9
for samples stored	9
and mg l	9
by the same	9
in our laboratory	9
type porcine circovirus	9
rapid detection and	9
by sequence analysis	9
respect to the	9
wensvoort et al	9
the clinical and	9
severe disease in	9
phosphorylation of c	9
in this case	9
conditions of low	9
not included in	9
cd and cd	9
results suggested that	9
was calculated using	9
levels of il	9
the recombinant l	9
of the family	9
of cd r	9
is referred to	9
the feces from	9
reverse transcription polymerase	9
sybr green i	9
in association with	9
host range and	9
and experimental infection	9
and quantitation of	9
to play a	9
strain nrtw i	9
a and pp	9
cats without fip	9
overnight at c	9
possesses aa mutations	9
the inoculated calves	9
was based on	9
were seen in	9
c in co	9
swine enteric alphacoronavirus	9
in each of	9
gene of infectious	9
they have no	9
followed by incubation	9
is not a	9
in groups and	9
wickramasinghe et al	9
detected in feces	9
the correlation between	9
lee et al	9
may play a	9
of this protein	9
tropism of the	9
of the pig	9
were susceptible to	9
of a large	9
with respiratory disease	9
priestnall et al	9
human and animal	9
coronavirus spike protein	9
at and after	9
canine parvovirus strains	9
and distribution of	9
lower than those	9
gerber et al	9
proved to be	9
positive for pcv	9
that there is	9
statistically significant association	9
by dot blot	9
the surface of	9
de leeuw et	9
the proteins were	9
in vero and	9
signs of infection	9
has shown that	9
cells were stained	9
epithelium of the	9
method of reed	9
with canine infectious	9
escherichia coli from	9
able to induce	9
with postweaning multisystemic	9
in feces of	9
is important for	9
after the inoculation	9
from that of	9
than to the	9
flocks in china	9
in any of	9
from the tips	9
of pedv icpc	9
of incubation at	9
of the ntd	9
and porcine epidemic	9
of persistent infection	9
detection of cpv	9
lower than that	9
hemorrhagic septicaemia virus	9
coronavirus associated with	9
strains of the	9
many of the	9
in the early	9
of strain ck	9
infected with a	9
in cases of	9
ellis et al	9
samples from diarrheic	9
washed twice with	9
is necessary to	9
one or two	9
the discovery of	9
amount of pcv	9
the presence or	9
to elucidate the	9
seems to be	9
associated with canine	9
rna in serum	9
escherichia coli in	9
strain of escherichia	9
in a few	9
simple method of	9
for type i	9
the yn strain	9
a vaccine strain	9
were vaccinated with	9
in this paper	9
genome of the	9
isolate of porcine	9
first described in	9
and orf b	9
japanese and dutch	9
associated with porcine	9
binding capacity of	9
microscopic lung lesions	9
in comparison to	9
i and i	9
the sequences were	9
with feline infectious	9
cells and the	9
and p were	9
ubiquitination of rig	9
been used to	9
the jejunum and	9
protein of the	9
did not show	9
infected pigs at	9
not appear to	9
cells were transfected	9
the most commonly	9
using polymerase chain	9
been found in	9
of cats with	9
syndrome virus nonstructural	9
rabbit hemorrhagic disease	9
of the veterinary	9
and pp ab	9
in the jejunum	9
positive cells in	9
vp gene of	9
in comparison with	9
and c kv	9
large numbers of	9
of the p	9
against porcine reproductive	9
were identified in	9
gel extraction kit	9
in sera from	9
the group of	9
and pathogenesis of	9
in adult dogs	9
at low stringency	9
of the nucleotide	9
transcription polymerase chain	9
fragment length polymorphism	9
a novel genotype	9
stem region of	9
of all the	9
pan et al	9
as compared with	9
by interfering with	9
with mg l	9
in the vp	9
in a cells	9
amount of virus	9
of different ages	9
balb c mice	9
saif et al	9
wu et al	9
canine parvovirus vaccine	9
of the animal	9
large number of	9
wilson et al	9
the most prevalent	9
days to p	9
needs to be	9
method of estimating	9
in a co	9
lau et al	9
incubated at room	9
corman et al	9
small and large	9
in pigs and	9
respiratory syncytial virus	9
were performed as	9
and hexamethylene amiloride	9
hoshino et al	9
the molecular biology	9
of estimating fifty	9
previous studies have	9
in the dog	9
pigs at pids	9
the dead chickens	9
gene and the	9
not yet been	9
of ibv in	9
nt and aa	9
obtained from a	9
more severe clinical	9
the period of	9
different concentrations of	9
and may be	9
replication of porcine	9
greene and decaro	9
human coronavirus oc	9
s at c	9
to the control	9
incubation for h	9
feces from diarrheic	9
nucleotide sequences of	9
gottfried gene probe	9
a history of	9
taking into account	9
and prc cmv	9
phylogenetic trees were	9
expression of cd	9
those observed in	8
may be due	8
to compare the	8
we demonstrated that	8
fecal samples collected	8
weeks after the	8
ge et al	8
detection of infectious	8
weeks after infection	8
in the text	8
of molecular epidemiology	8
of pmws in	8
and phylogenetic analysis	8
between vaccine and	8
at any time	8
was inoculated into	8
expression of trim	8
cell monolayers were	8
methods have been	8
b cd dcs	8
weaning multisystemic wasting	8
gong et al	8
that have been	8
these results are	8
diarrhea and winter	8
the same serotype	8
gentsch et al	8
decrease in the	8
tissue samples were	8
of serum samples	8
north america and	8
on the virus	8
b e b	8
but one of	8
control of the	8
for h in	8
the swedish isolates	8
diarrhea virus strain	8
in the genus	8
possible that the	8
g for h	8
whole genomic rna	8
in the pigs	8
in response to	8
differences were observed	8
immune response of	8
phan et al	8
infected mdbk cells	8
diversity of asfvs	8
was performed according	8
by the addition	8
african green monkey	8
the slides were	8
infected with e	8
for min for	8
the orf a	8
infected immature and	8
the immature and	8
copies ml for	8
study was conducted	8
and s genes	8
removed and the	8
a mixture of	8
had not been	8
kidneys of the	8
intestinal epithelial cell	8
in dmem containing	8
diarrhea in swine	8
of equine arteritis	8
of the pathogenicity	8
function of the	8
of the non	8
blanco et al	8
in growing pigs	8
in the late	8
we report the	8
or intestinal contents	8
on the same	8
macroscopic lung lesions	8
was determined using	8
be noted that	8
diversity of the	8
the central nervous	8
gel electrophoresis and	8
small intestine of	8
room temperature and	8
of the tracheal	8
of maternal antibodies	8
of gnotobiotic calves	8
a standard curve	8
was purchased from	8
in calves and	8
were as follows	8
the results show	8
were not included	8
syndrome virus nucleocapsid	8
sites in the	8
identity with the	8
a case of	8
confirmed that the	8
a titer of	8
was noted in	8
sera from the	8
of the attenuated	8
attached to the	8
the prevalence and	8
an infection with	8
provided by dr	8
based on these	8
prior to inoculation	8
of pedv is	8
structural proteins of	8
pp a and	8
were prepared in	8
able to detect	8
the best of	8
white blood cells	8
that may be	8
pregnant sows were	8
was due to	8
in the nucleocapsid	8
in the middle	8
between trim and	8
vu et al	8
kasteren et al	8
were divided into	8
samples were also	8
protein of prrsv	8
with a peak	8
to replicate in	8
aminopeptidase n is	8
of the rt	8
that it is	8
the gottfried gene	8
with swh n	8
was propagated in	8
alfieri et al	8
in the large	8
and attenuated tgev	8
te ovud ita	8
have been observed	8
a moi of	8
as negative controls	8
declare that they	8
lead to the	8
daily for clinical	8
were also tested	8
in the infected	8
pedv in the	8
detected in this	8
the american and	8
of the ccov	8
for a long	8
interaction between trim	8
repeated elements in	8
the nucleic acid	8
of bovine and	8
pedv s protein	8
downstream of the	8
the genomes of	8
a group coronavirus	8
the field and	8
allantoic fluid was	8
recombination events were	8
leading to a	8
reverse genetics system	8
s genes of	8
n protein inhibits	8
identities with the	8
impact of the	8
a highly pathogenic	8
as a new	8
i and type	8
determined by a	8
of calves with	8
may contribute to	8
in the spf	8
to days post	8
and deletions in	8