This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.
bigram | frequency |
---|---|
respiratory syndrome | 491 |
porcine reproductive | 408 |
syndrome virus | 355 |
infectious bronchitis | 300 |
porcine epidemic | 274 |
diarrhea virus | 252 |
epidemic diarrhea | 243 |
escherichia coli | 227 |
clinical signs | 225 |
bronchitis virus | 214 |
canine parvovirus | 196 |
ck ch | 173 |
amino acid | 162 |
cell culture | 154 |
fecal samples | 150 |
porcine circovirus | 139 |
infected pigs | 128 |
respiratory disease | 122 |
transmissible gastroenteritis | 121 |
sequence analysis | 115 |
type i | 114 |
viral rna | 110 |
previously described | 110 |
bovine rotavirus | 105 |
immune response | 104 |
calf diarrhea | 104 |
serum samples | 103 |
cord uid | 102 |
doc id | 102 |
vet microbiol | 102 |
microbiol doi | 102 |
infected cells | 100 |
nucleic acid | 99 |
virus infection | 97 |
chain reaction | 94 |
cell cultures | 94 |
polymerase chain | 93 |
infectious peritonitis | 92 |
diarrheic calves | 92 |
vero cells | 91 |
feline infectious | 90 |
avian infectious | 89 |
experimental infection | 86 |
type ii | 85 |
bovine coronavirus | 85 |
ibv strains | 82 |
present study | 82 |
pigs infected | 80 |
cell line | 77 |
recombination events | 77 |
circovirus type | 76 |
lymph nodes | 74 |
virus replication | 74 |
closely related | 73 |
parvovirus type | 73 |
room temperature | 72 |
gastroenteritis virus | 72 |
monoclonal antibodies | 71 |
virus isolation | 71 |
spike protein | 69 |
epithelial cells | 69 |
canine coronavirus | 69 |
molecular characterization | 68 |
newborn piglets | 68 |
feline coronavirus | 67 |
mg ml | 66 |
described previously | 66 |
tcid ml | 66 |
time pcr | 65 |
negative control | 65 |
united states | 65 |
bovine viral | 63 |
genetic diversity | 62 |
respiratory tract | 62 |
significantly higher | 61 |
north american | 61 |
nucleocapsid protein | 60 |
phylogenetic analysis | 60 |
performed using | 60 |
rna recombination | 59 |
immune responses | 59 |
swine fever | 58 |
ch jt | 58 |
clinical disease | 58 |
viral genome | 56 |
pedv infection | 56 |
monoclonal antibody | 56 |
viral replication | 56 |
copies ml | 55 |
kv adj | 55 |
acute respiratory | 54 |
veterinary microbiology | 54 |
samples collected | 54 |
structural proteins | 54 |
innate immune | 53 |
respiratory coronavirus | 53 |
well plates | 53 |
days post | 53 |
western blot | 53 |
experimentally infected | 53 |
bcv isolates | 52 |
pcr assay | 52 |
influenza virus | 52 |
three times | 51 |
virus strains | 51 |
vaccine strain | 51 |
nucleotide sequence | 51 |
respiratory signs | 51 |
blood samples | 51 |
severe acute | 50 |
cell lines | 50 |
positive samples | 50 |
fever virus | 50 |
ch lgx | 50 |
complete genome | 49 |
nrtw i | 48 |
wasting syndrome | 48 |
virus strain | 47 |
multisystemic wasting | 47 |
small intestine | 47 |
results showed | 47 |
african swine | 46 |
electron microscopy | 45 |
negative controls | 45 |
spike gene | 45 |
viral load | 44 |
persistent infection | 44 |
old spf | 44 |
ozonized water | 44 |
tested positive | 43 |
neutralizing antibodies | 43 |
porcine rotavirus | 43 |
previous studies | 43 |
syndrome coronavirus | 43 |
strains isolated | 43 |
viral diarrhea | 43 |
mdbk cells | 42 |
vaccine strains | 42 |
control group | 42 |
porcine parvovirus | 42 |
vp gene | 42 |
field strains | 42 |
reverse transcription | 42 |
pcr products | 41 |
south korea | 41 |
antibody response | 40 |
vaccine virus | 40 |
prrsv infection | 40 |
genomic rna | 40 |
healthy calves | 40 |
pasteurella multocida | 40 |
ibv strain | 39 |
human rotavirus | 39 |
postweaning multisystemic | 39 |
vero cell | 39 |
phylogenetic tree | 39 |
prrsv isolates | 39 |
enterotoxigenic escherichia | 38 |
amino acids | 38 |
viral dna | 38 |
open reading | 38 |
tw ibv | 38 |
bovine serum | 38 |
disease virus | 38 |
time rt | 38 |
cytopathic effect | 37 |
blot hybridization | 37 |
lymphoid tissues | 37 |
strain ck | 37 |
mature mo | 37 |
lung lesions | 37 |
rna viruses | 36 |
lamina propria | 36 |
specific antibodies | 36 |
enteric coronavirus | 36 |
nested pcr | 36 |
genome sequence | 36 |
reference strains | 36 |
statistically significant | 36 |
persistently infected | 36 |
porcine respiratory | 35 |
ch ldl | 35 |
diarrhoea virus | 35 |
protein gene | 35 |
total rna | 35 |
enteric pathogens | 35 |
molecular epidemiology | 35 |
animal health | 35 |
pcr assays | 35 |
goat anti | 35 |
tissue samples | 35 |
rotavirus vaccine | 35 |
asfv genomes | 34 |
highly pathogenic | 34 |
pcv antigen | 34 |
rotavirus strain | 34 |
gel electrophoresis | 34 |
important role | 34 |
i strain | 34 |
positive cells | 33 |
parental virus | 33 |
reverse transcriptase | 33 |
infected piglets | 33 |
neonatal calf | 33 |
buffered saline | 33 |
virus isolates | 32 |
middle east | 32 |
north america | 32 |
ped virus | 32 |
spike glycoprotein | 32 |
sequence identity | 32 |
rotavirus infection | 32 |
enteric disease | 32 |
rotavirus serotypes | 32 |
field isolates | 32 |
ldl i | 32 |
tissue tropism | 32 |
reverse genetics | 31 |
dot blot | 31 |
immune system | 31 |
control pigs | 31 |
dq cells | 31 |
nonstructural protein | 31 |
current study | 31 |
cell monolayers | 31 |
significant differences | 31 |
commercially available | 31 |
taken together | 31 |
positive selection | 31 |
genbank accession | 31 |
gross lesions | 31 |
antibody titers | 31 |
genotype ii | 31 |
interstitial pneumonia | 31 |
linked immunosorbent | 30 |
acid probes | 30 |
rotavirus strains | 30 |
prc cmv | 30 |
structural protein | 30 |
acid sequence | 30 |
swine influenza | 30 |
eae stx | 30 |
lymph node | 30 |
wild pigs | 30 |
fisher scientific | 30 |
hybridization assay | 29 |
bile acids | 29 |
infectious clone | 29 |
primer pairs | 29 |
gnotobiotic calves | 29 |
coronavirus infection | 29 |
peritonitis virus | 29 |
log tcid | 29 |
deduced amino | 29 |
membrane protein | 29 |
causative agent | 29 |
canine respiratory | 29 |
coli strains | 29 |
cells infected | 29 |
swine enteric | 29 |
pedv rna | 29 |
previous study | 28 |
virus shedding | 28 |
point mutations | 28 |
two different | 28 |
vaccine candidates | 28 |
human coronavirus | 28 |
fusion protein | 28 |
epidemic diarrhoea | 28 |
host range | 28 |
day old | 27 |
clinical symptoms | 27 |
microscopic lesions | 27 |
lelystad virus | 27 |
tissue culture | 27 |
situ hybridization | 27 |
economic losses | 27 |
pedv strain | 27 |
agarose gel | 27 |
neutralizing antibody | 27 |
immunosorbent assay | 27 |
high mortality | 27 |
strain i | 27 |
fecal specimens | 26 |
feline calicivirus | 26 |
minute virus | 26 |
antigenic variants | 26 |
significant difference | 26 |
cell cycle | 26 |
viral infection | 26 |
repeated elements | 26 |
rna virus | 26 |
specific primers | 26 |
virus neutralization | 26 |
orally inoculated | 26 |
days old | 26 |
chicken eggs | 26 |
feline coronaviruses | 26 |
fcov type | 26 |
whole blood | 26 |
higher levels | 26 |
molecular mass | 26 |
infected animals | 26 |
dna polymerase | 26 |
lps administration | 26 |
western blotting | 26 |
intestinal epithelial | 26 |
previously reported | 25 |
sialic acid | 25 |
veterinary medicine | 25 |
control cells | 25 |
viral proteins | 25 |
two groups | 25 |
porpv swh | 25 |
gnotobiotic pigs | 25 |
applied biosystems | 25 |
bronchitis coronavirus | 25 |
gene segment | 25 |
viruses isolated | 25 |
even though | 25 |
infectious diseases | 24 |
modified live | 24 |
old pigs | 24 |
culture medium | 24 |
thermo fisher | 24 |
genotype i | 24 |
avian coronavirus | 24 |
weaned pigs | 24 |
prrsv replication | 24 |
highly virulent | 24 |
inoculated pigs | 24 |
one pig | 24 |
vaccinated pigs | 24 |
orf gene | 24 |
severe clinical | 24 |
shiga toxin | 24 |
prrsv strains | 24 |
berne virus | 24 |
virus binding | 24 |
rights reserved | 24 |
plaque assay | 24 |
st cells | 24 |
virulent strains | 24 |
post infection | 23 |
family coronaviridae | 23 |
fold dilutions | 23 |
significantly lower | 23 |
rapid detection | 23 |
infectious agents | 23 |
results suggest | 23 |
equine arteritis | 23 |
low stringency | 23 |
canine distemper | 23 |
genomic sequence | 23 |
arteritis virus | 23 |
neutralising antibody | 23 |
tw ibvs | 23 |
breda virus | 23 |
neutralizing activity | 23 |
reading frame | 23 |
determine whether | 23 |
gene expression | 23 |
inhibition assay | 23 |
cpe inhibition | 23 |
hepatitis virus | 23 |
rectal temperatures | 23 |
pcv dna | 23 |
mouse anti | 23 |
endoplasmic reticulum | 23 |
phylogenetic trees | 23 |
maternal antibodies | 22 |
epitope fusion | 22 |
results indicated | 22 |
mouse hepatitis | 22 |
log copies | 22 |
faecal samples | 22 |
per ml | 22 |
per well | 22 |
allantoic fluid | 22 |
analyzed using | 22 |
antibody titres | 22 |
protein expression | 22 |
ethidium bromide | 22 |
porcine garv | 22 |
hexamethylene amiloride | 22 |
primer pair | 22 |
gene segments | 22 |
organ cultures | 22 |
derived antibodies | 22 |
acid sequences | 22 |
virus isolated | 22 |
lung tissue | 22 |
infected groups | 22 |
results obtained | 22 |
alveolar macrophages | 22 |
immunostimulated pigs | 22 |
first report | 22 |
viral infections | 22 |
infectious virus | 22 |
pigs inoculated | 22 |
mock group | 22 |
stranded rna | 22 |
villous epithelium | 21 |
experimental period | 21 |
del pedv | 21 |
time points | 21 |
dendritic cells | 21 |
enteric coronaviruses | 21 |
intact pedv | 21 |
nucleotide sequences | 21 |
time point | 21 |
antibody responses | 21 |
porcine garvs | 21 |
homologous recombination | 21 |
iga antibodies | 21 |
polyacrylamide gel | 21 |
blot analysis | 21 |
indel pedv | 21 |
positive control | 21 |
also observed | 21 |
like viruses | 21 |
infected cell | 21 |
high levels | 21 |
fetal bovine | 21 |
conjugated goat | 20 |
weaned piglets | 20 |
pcr product | 20 |
live attenuated | 20 |
severe disease | 20 |
cell lysates | 20 |
immature mo | 20 |
different strains | 20 |
samples stored | 20 |
pcr using | 20 |
attenuated vaccine | 20 |
like strains | 20 |
east respiratory | 20 |
mock swh | 20 |
recent years | 20 |
essential medium | 20 |
experimental infections | 20 |
calf diarrhoea | 20 |
prrs virus | 20 |
genomic sequences | 20 |
bovine plasma | 20 |
indirect elisa | 20 |
reading frames | 20 |
viral shedding | 20 |
bovine torovirus | 20 |
pregnant sows | 20 |
infected group | 20 |
sweden jn | 20 |
type porcine | 20 |
complete genomic | 20 |
neutralization tests | 20 |
state university | 20 |
winter dysentery | 20 |
viral antigen | 20 |
intestinal dcs | 20 |
capsid protein | 20 |
infected dogs | 20 |
virus attachment | 20 |
pi animals | 20 |
week old | 20 |
two viruses | 20 |
adult dogs | 20 |
tl ch | 19 |
slt i | 19 |
also detected | 19 |
like protease | 19 |
attenuated strain | 19 |
cpv infection | 19 |
nursing pigs | 19 |
watery diarrhea | 19 |
risk factors | 19 |
cdna clone | 19 |
viral diarrhoea | 19 |
distilled water | 19 |
strain ns | 19 |
mini kit | 19 |
virus vaccine | 19 |
domestic pigs | 19 |
elevating virus | 19 |
live virus | 19 |
coronavirus hku | 19 |
outer membrane | 19 |
distemper virus | 19 |
intestinal contents | 19 |
ch ldt | 19 |
gottfried gene | 19 |
mm tris | 19 |
observed among | 19 |
lactate dehydrogenase | 19 |
cell proliferation | 19 |
dairy calves | 19 |
authors declare | 19 |
host cell | 19 |
aa identity | 19 |
viral antigens | 19 |
mean ae | 19 |
sybr green | 19 |
spf chicken | 19 |
specific pathogen | 19 |
inactivated vaccine | 19 |
virulent strain | 19 |
infectious clones | 19 |
genome copies | 19 |
positive villous | 19 |
i interferon | 19 |
prrsv isolate | 19 |
jn sweden | 18 |
conventional pigs | 18 |
latex agglutination | 18 |
accessory proteins | 18 |
coronavirus infections | 18 |
pigs showed | 18 |
analysis showed | 18 |
coronavirus spike | 18 |
copy numbers | 18 |
innate immunity | 18 |
may play | 18 |
old piglets | 18 |
sequence alignment | 18 |
like virus | 18 |
plp dub | 18 |
treatment groups | 18 |
maintenance medium | 18 |
bat coronavirus | 18 |
swine herds | 18 |
prrsv rna | 18 |
maternally derived | 18 |
mouse igg | 18 |
recombination event | 18 |
binding protein | 18 |
crypt epithelium | 18 |
neonatal calves | 18 |
rna genome | 18 |
rotavirus serotype | 18 |
cell surface | 18 |
sequence data | 18 |
van reeth | 18 |
producing escherichia | 18 |
cpv variants | 18 |
pigs coinfected | 18 |
canine infectious | 18 |
molecular evolutionary | 18 |
rna polymerase | 18 |
calculated using | 18 |
different serotypes | 18 |
whole virus | 18 |
vaccine development | 18 |
second lps | 18 |
diarrheic fecal | 18 |
graphpad prism | 18 |
clinical samples | 18 |
prrsv strain | 18 |
tw i | 18 |
exposed pigs | 18 |
bp fragment | 17 |
antiviral activity | 17 |
neutralizing epitopes | 17 |
day post | 17 |
infectious cdna | 17 |
dogs infected | 17 |
coronavirus infectious | 17 |
highly conserved | 17 |
highly contagious | 17 |
prrsv vaccine | 17 |
piglets infected | 17 |
isothermal amplification | 17 |
brv strains | 17 |
virus rna | 17 |
passive immunity | 17 |
mediated isothermal | 17 |
genetic characterization | 17 |
results indicate | 17 |
ii strains | 17 |
mucosal disease | 17 |
three groups | 17 |
epidemiological studies | 17 |
protective immunity | 17 |
feline enteric | 17 |
villous enterocytes | 17 |
high frequency | 17 |
serial dilutions | 17 |
igg antibody | 17 |
porpv mock | 17 |
lymphoid tissue | 17 |
virus neutralizing | 17 |
viral titres | 17 |
two pigs | 17 |
dairy cattle | 17 |
viral loads | 17 |
binding activity | 17 |
lysis buffer | 17 |
life technologies | 17 |
type strains | 17 |
ml trypsin | 17 |
reverse primer | 17 |
bovine respiratory | 17 |
er stress | 17 |
infectious respiratory | 17 |
neonatal diarrhea | 17 |
bovine herpesvirus | 17 |
equal volume | 17 |
two types | 17 |
peripheral blood | 17 |
positive fecal | 17 |
lsc i | 17 |
medium containing | 17 |
rectal swabs | 17 |
length cdna | 17 |
swedish isolates | 17 |
untranslated region | 16 |
nonstructural proteins | 16 |
fecal shedding | 16 |
yn strain | 16 |
molecular analysis | 16 |
analysis revealed | 16 |
pcr amplification | 16 |
rabbit anti | 16 |
types i | 16 |
sg mrnas | 16 |
another study | 16 |
host immune | 16 |
experimental reproduction | 16 |
binding sites | 16 |
high degree | 16 |
bronchitis viruses | 16 |
infected cats | 16 |
cystic oviducts | 16 |
gene sequence | 16 |
nucleic acids | 16 |
yn attenuated | 16 |
antigenic differences | 16 |
oral administration | 16 |
plasmid dna | 16 |
envelope protein | 16 |
european isolates | 16 |
virus production | 16 |
genbank database | 16 |
virus infections | 16 |
vhs virus | 16 |
epithelial cell | 16 |
effective vaccines | 16 |
evolutionary genetics | 16 |
mixed infections | 16 |
ibv isolates | 16 |
may also | 16 |
spf chickens | 16 |
swedish pigs | 16 |
inoculated groups | 16 |
antibody levels | 16 |
severe diarrhea | 16 |
vaccinated groups | 16 |
mean group | 16 |
isolate ck | 16 |
ml well | 16 |
animal care | 16 |
fusion proteins | 16 |
accession number | 16 |
three different | 16 |
porcine deltacoronavirus | 16 |
first time | 16 |
live vaccine | 16 |
bovine enteric | 16 |
reproductive failure | 16 |
mvc strains | 16 |
cdna probes | 16 |
differences among | 16 |
affected pigs | 16 |
genome sequences | 15 |
respiratory distress | 15 |
specific antibody | 15 |
murine coronavirus | 15 |
reference strain | 15 |
hypervariable region | 15 |
cattle herds | 15 |
intestinal disorders | 15 |
mortality rates | 15 |
pcr results | 15 |
ch lsc | 15 |
systemic disease | 15 |
porcine enteric | 15 |
positive scores | 15 |
pedv replication | 15 |
culture supernatant | 15 |
serum antibody | 15 |
dub activity | 15 |
wide range | 15 |
samples tested | 15 |
molecular biology | 15 |
terminal domain | 15 |
nucleotide identity | 15 |
peav gds | 15 |
results show | 15 |
intestinal villi | 15 |
intestinal tract | 15 |
like toxin | 15 |
animal species | 15 |
rescued virus | 15 |
poultry industry | 15 |
crfk cells | 15 |
osu gene | 15 |
kidney cells | 15 |
similar results | 15 |
commonly used | 15 |
suckling piglets | 15 |
two isolates | 15 |
capsular types | 15 |
considered positive | 15 |
positively selected | 15 |
disease complex | 15 |
novel coronavirus | 15 |
minimum essential | 15 |
serum neutralization | 15 |
genetics analysis | 15 |
relationships among | 15 |
host innate | 15 |
genetic analysis | 15 |
i ubiquitination | 15 |
body temperature | 15 |
two strains | 15 |
sars coronavirus | 15 |
clinical pmws | 15 |
animal experiments | 14 |
prrsv antibody | 14 |
calf serum | 14 |
master mix | 14 |
gene sequences | 14 |
interferon production | 14 |
original type | 14 |
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae | 14 |
pcr positive | 14 |
viral evolution | 14 |
bacterial infections | 14 |
yield reduction | 14 |
viral particles | 14 |
broiler farms | 14 |
mild respiratory | 14 |
rectal temperature | 14 |
saturable binding | 14 |
swine industry | 14 |
diseased pigs | 14 |
gastroenteritis coronavirus | 14 |
serum dilution | 14 |
reporter asfv | 14 |
piglets born | 14 |
garv infections | 14 |
selective pressure | 14 |
antiviral effects | 14 |
hev infection | 14 |
joining method | 14 |
new genotype | 14 |
naturally infected | 14 |
pcv infection | 14 |
mm edta | 14 |
least one | 14 |
coli isolated | 14 |
vaccine candidate | 14 |
parvovirus infection | 14 |
accession numbers | 14 |
buffered formalin | 14 |
organ samples | 14 |
among prrsv | 14 |
independent experiments | 14 |
gene cdna | 14 |
may result | 14 |
young pigs | 14 |
comparative sequence | 14 |
feline panleukopenia | 14 |
enteric alphacoronavirus | 14 |
experimental model | 14 |
pg ml | 14 |
final concentration | 14 |
research institute | 14 |
strains circulating | 14 |
expressing cells | 14 |
spray dried | 14 |
mouth disease | 14 |
acid binding | 14 |
virus variants | 14 |
control groups | 14 |
different ages | 14 |
internal organs | 14 |
lymphoid organs | 14 |
gene probe | 14 |
two distinct | 14 |
field conditions | 14 |
high level | 14 |
inhibitory effects | 14 |
horseradish peroxidase | 14 |
antigenic relationships | 14 |
american type | 14 |
nasal swabs | 14 |
btov strains | 14 |
amplification products | 14 |
adsorbent materials | 14 |
new variant | 14 |
washed three | 14 |
us strains | 14 |
lps exposed | 14 |
serum sample | 14 |
virus particles | 14 |
newborn calves | 14 |
recombination detection | 14 |
using monoclonal | 14 |
southern china | 14 |
virus nucleocapsid | 14 |
two genotypes | 14 |
positive serum | 13 |
wild boar | 13 |
three strains | 13 |
technical assistance | 13 |
aa changes | 13 |
copies per | 13 |
whole genome | 13 |
pig industry | 13 |
bovine coronaviruses | 13 |
selected sites | 13 |
chicken flocks | 13 |
brv strain | 13 |
acute gastroenteritis | 13 |
phylogenetic analyses | 13 |
inoculated piglets | 13 |
infectious disease | 13 |
recombination region | 13 |
nasal discharge | 13 |
crcov isolates | 13 |
sg mrna | 13 |
study day | 13 |
virus type | 13 |
duplex rt | 13 |
may lead | 13 |
software version | 13 |
tested negative | 13 |
swab samples | 13 |
primary antibodies | 13 |
positive semen | 13 |
samples taken | 13 |
histopathological changes | 13 |
cell epitopes | 13 |
randomly assigned | 13 |
reduction assays | 13 |
embryonated chicken | 13 |
three pigs | 13 |
also showed | 13 |
tmuv infection | 13 |
determined using | 13 |
blood agar | 13 |
wild carnivores | 13 |
inactivated prrsv | 13 |
phylogenetic incongruence | 13 |
pedv positive | 13 |
viral species | 13 |
strain ncdv | 13 |
positive results | 13 |
gastrointestinal tract | 13 |
pcr analysis | 13 |
pedv icpc | 13 |
recent study | 13 |
capsular type | 13 |
atcc vr | 13 |
virus stock | 13 |
molecular weight | 13 |
also tested | 13 |
coli strain | 13 |
measured using | 13 |
unpublished data | 13 |
two weeks | 13 |
standard curve | 13 |
pedv strains | 13 |
recombinant virus | 13 |
commercial inactivated | 13 |
reticulum stress | 13 |
type iii | 13 |
white blood | 13 |
porcine intestinal | 13 |
pseudorabies virus | 13 |
virus yield | 13 |
recombinant plasmid | 13 |
comparative analysis | 13 |
virus porcine | 13 |
also found | 13 |
antiviral effect | 13 |
reaction mixture | 13 |
data obtained | 13 |
dead chickens | 13 |
tissue sections | 13 |
surface projections | 13 |
pathogenic porcine | 12 |
us porcine | 12 |
slt ii | 12 |
accessory genes | 12 |
first described | 12 |
strain isolated | 12 |
wild birds | 12 |
beaudette strain | 12 |
possesses aa | 12 |
acid identities | 12 |
vn antibody | 12 |
two major | 12 |
upper respiratory | 12 |
naturally occurring | 12 |
coronavirus associated | 12 |
oral vaccine | 12 |
different concentrations | 12 |
oral swabs | 12 |
attenuated vaccines | 12 |
broad spectrum | 12 |
coronavirus strains | 12 |
attenuated tgev | 12 |
mouse serum | 12 |
genetic heterogeneity | 12 |
pcr kit | 12 |
detected using | 12 |
vhs rna | 12 |
garv strains | 12 |
structural genes | 12 |
highly significant | 12 |
ml per | 12 |
tracheal organ | 12 |
ibv genome | 12 |
lactogenic immunity | 12 |
relatively low | 12 |
pathogen free | 12 |
international committee | 12 |
phosphate buffered | 12 |
statistical analysis | 12 |
economically important | 12 |
three independent | 12 |
using graphpad | 12 |
genetically diverse | 12 |
lung lavage | 12 |
four pigs | 12 |
better understand | 12 |
american isolates | 12 |
wild boars | 12 |
severe gastroenteritis | 12 |
associated lymphoid | 12 |
forward primer | 12 |
three washings | 12 |
cryostat sections | 12 |
serum albumin | 12 |
monkey kidney | 12 |
nervous system | 12 |
like particles | 12 |
ch gd | 12 |
porcine rubulavirus | 12 |
salmonella spp | 12 |
online version | 12 |
commercial vaccines | 12 |
live vaccines | 12 |
agarose gels | 12 |
dual infections | 12 |
young calves | 12 |
american strains | 12 |
viral pathogens | 12 |
rotavirus shedding | 12 |
attenuated strains | 12 |
streptococcus equi | 12 |
korean porcine | 12 |
i strains | 12 |
novel genotype | 12 |
encephalomyelitis virus | 12 |
complete spike | 12 |
novel swine | 12 |
blood cells | 12 |
sequence analyses | 12 |
bovine rotaviruses | 12 |
viral hemorrhagic | 12 |
acute phase | 12 |
bvdv rna | 12 |
virus genome | 12 |
lx genotype | 12 |
replication cycle | 12 |
strains ns | 12 |
simple method | 12 |
genome encodes | 12 |
experimental conditions | 12 |
type prrsv | 12 |
dna probes | 12 |
central nervous | 12 |
genetic recombination | 12 |
coding regions | 12 |
diarrhoeic dogs | 12 |
gene encoding | 12 |
vtec isolates | 12 |
epithelium showed | 12 |
small intestinal | 12 |
signaling pathway | 12 |
porcine alveolar | 12 |
pp ab | 12 |
disease caused | 12 |
secondary bacterial | 12 |
vaccine efficacy | 11 |
nursing piglets | 11 |
virus titers | 11 |
multocida isolates | 11 |
dmem containing | 11 |
neutralising antibodies | 11 |
probe technology | 11 |
attenuated viruses | 11 |
acid hybridization | 11 |
challenge virus | 11 |
purified using | 11 |
common ancestor | 11 |
conserved regions | 11 |
classical swine | 11 |
finishing pigs | 11 |
sequence homology | 11 |
ae se | 11 |
rna copy | 11 |
specific sirnas | 11 |
two calves | 11 |
umbilical cord | 11 |
different time | 11 |
virus may | 11 |
data indicate | 11 |
aa mutations | 11 |
oral inoculation | 11 |
young animals | 11 |
may contribute | 11 |
immunisation failure | 11 |
parental strain | 11 |
diarrhea cases | 11 |
canine adenovirus | 11 |
hi test | 11 |
green monkey | 11 |
phylogenetic group | 11 |
virus vaccines | 11 |
water buffalo | 11 |
dromedary camels | 11 |
fnov gene | 11 |
large numbers | 11 |
dengue virus | 11 |
indel strain | 11 |
cpv vaccines | 11 |
results demonstrated | 11 |
lavage fluid | 11 |
hev specific | 11 |
serum anti | 11 |
body temperatures | 11 |
eastern grey | 11 |
significant association | 11 |
way anova | 11 |
quasispecies evolution | 11 |
membrane proteins | 11 |
ee outbreak | 11 |
hemorrhagic septicaemia | 11 |
virus infected | 11 |
previous reports | 11 |
coronavirus avian | 11 |
prrsv vaccines | 11 |
binding capacity | 11 |
pcr reaction | 11 |
novel serotype | 11 |
future studies | 11 |
assay using | 11 |
ii viruses | 11 |
large intestine | 11 |
mlv vaccines | 11 |
respiratory symptoms | 11 |
feral swine | 11 |
free water | 11 |
quantitative pcr | 11 |
fowl cholera | 11 |
serum igg | 11 |
lesser extent | 11 |
actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | 11 |
inoculated boars | 11 |
without fip | 11 |
authors thank | 11 |
toxin antigens | 11 |
antibody titer | 11 |
secondary antibody | 11 |
vp protein | 11 |
significantly reduced | 11 |
conducted using | 11 |
cells transfected | 11 |
new variants | 11 |
serum antibodies | 11 |
data suggest | 11 |
rna interference | 11 |
ibv genotypes | 11 |
dairy herds | 11 |
molecular cloning | 11 |
mm sodium | 11 |
coronavirus ibv | 11 |
clinical cases | 11 |
nephropathogenic infectious | 11 |
study showed | 11 |
phase cell | 11 |
diarrheic pigs | 11 |
mammalian cells | 11 |
igg antibodies | 11 |
genetic variation | 11 |
rna extraction | 11 |
fcov types | 11 |
genus alphacoronavirus | 11 |
enteric viruses | 11 |
long time | 11 |
macroscopic lung | 11 |
intestinal epithelium | 11 |
currently available | 11 |
reassortant rotavirus | 11 |
inhibitory effect | 11 |
cv strain | 11 |
genus betacoronavirus | 11 |
serological survey | 11 |
growing pigs | 11 |
lung lobe | 11 |
within days | 11 |
new york | 11 |
first days | 11 |
field strain | 11 |
neutralization test | 11 |
porcine cell | 11 |
stem region | 11 |
haemophilus influenzae | 11 |
pedv antibodies | 11 |
infection may | 11 |
virulence genes | 11 |
plaque reduction | 11 |
also known | 11 |
negative peptide | 11 |
results suggested | 10 |
virus infectivity | 10 |
molecular mechanisms | 10 |
transcription polymerase | 10 |
protein may | 10 |
age groups | 10 |
mm nacl | 10 |
strain cb | 10 |
forming units | 10 |
dmem supplemented | 10 |
light microscopy | 10 |
hybridization probe | 10 |
antimicrobial resistance | 10 |
pedv inoculated | 10 |
negative virus | 10 |
individual pigs | 10 |
acid probe | 10 |
first isolated | 10 |
large number | 10 |
virulent tgev | 10 |
well plate | 10 |
disease signs | 10 |
strains ncdv | 10 |
gel extraction | 10 |
mortality rate | 10 |
considered statistically | 10 |
detection frequency | 10 |
viral genomic | 10 |
selection pressure | 10 |
time qpcr | 10 |
swine infertility | 10 |
older animals | 10 |
sense rna | 10 |
infected chickens | 10 |
pathological changes | 10 |
mediated rig | 10 |
serum collected | 10 |
sequence alignments | 10 |
like ibv | 10 |
mm mgcl | 10 |
inoculated strains | 10 |
high stringency | 10 |
bovine norovirus | 10 |
pig model | 10 |
linked glycosylation | 10 |
canine coronaviruses | 10 |
first detected | 10 |
bronchial lymph | 10 |
rna copies | 10 |
mucosal immunity | 10 |
fold serial | 10 |
jun signaling | 10 |
pig groups | 10 |
hybridization probes | 10 |
viral strain | 10 |
domestic animals | 10 |
high morbidity | 10 |
order nidovirales | 10 |
groove binder | 10 |
viral protein | 10 |
oral immunization | 10 |
crystal structure | 10 |
using mega | 10 |
inflammatory cytokines | 10 |
based vaccines | 10 |
fatal disease | 10 |
mrna synthesis | 10 |
vaccine vector | 10 |
bivalent vaccine | 10 |
table i | 10 |
scrambled sirna | 10 |
many different | 10 |
statistical significance | 10 |
single infection | 10 |
bronchial trachea | 10 |
bvdv infection | 10 |
gnotobiotic piglets | 10 |
systemic infection | 10 |
subviral particles | 10 |
pcr system | 10 |
samples positive | 10 |
year period | 10 |
washed twice | 10 |
mlv vaccine | 10 |
wasting disease | 10 |
coronavirus strain | 10 |
four groups | 10 |
performed according | 10 |
high affinity | 10 |
iib strains | 10 |
egg production | 10 |
alexa fluor | 10 |
pedv specific | 10 |
rna extracted | 10 |
sus scrofa | 10 |
pigs compared | 10 |
microscopic lung | 10 |
rainbow trout | 10 |
immunisation failures | 10 |
like agent | 10 |
south china | 10 |
strong positive | 10 |
fragment length | 10 |
inoculated strain | 10 |
foreign gene | 10 |
dcs infected | 10 |
extraction kit | 10 |
host cells | 10 |
kindly provided | 10 |
immunohistochemical staining | 10 |
adherence inhibition | 10 |
vn antibodies | 10 |
quantitative rt | 10 |
blocking percentages | 10 |
polyclonal antibody | 10 |
coli associated | 10 |
dog population | 10 |
mild clinical | 10 |
host species | 10 |
northern blot | 10 |
inflammatory responses | 10 |
lps administrations | 10 |
acute infection | 10 |
antigenic epitopes | 10 |
field cases | 10 |
dna viruses | 10 |
rectal swab | 10 |
strain llr | 10 |
ccov rna | 10 |
panleukopenia virus | 10 |
embryonated eggs | 10 |
isolates obtained | 10 |
ic values | 10 |
minor groove | 10 |
dna probe | 10 |
mabs recognize | 10 |
adult animals | 10 |
low level | 10 |
fcov fipv | 10 |
based elisa | 10 |
highest viral | 10 |
strains detected | 10 |
rotavirus excretion | 10 |
lung injury | 10 |
novel herpesvirus | 10 |
distantly related | 10 |
interspecies transmission | 10 |
bucov strains | 10 |
provide protection | 10 |
coronavirus rna | 10 |
european countries | 10 |
vt probe | 10 |
macropodid herpesvirus | 10 |
replicase gene | 10 |
specific monoclonal | 10 |
lena strain | 10 |
coronavirus isolated | 10 |
detection limit | 10 |
tembusu virus | 10 |
recombinant pedv | 10 |
wild type | 10 |
tgev infection | 10 |
prrsv alone | 10 |
eae gene | 10 |
avian influenza | 10 |
ad libitum | 10 |
like coronavirus | 10 |
infected calves | 10 |
strains used | 10 |
recombinant plasmids | 10 |
two continents | 10 |
gibco brl | 10 |
cats without | 10 |
virus titration | 10 |
available vaccines | 10 |
spray drying | 10 |
cytopathic effects | 10 |
coinfected groups | 10 |
final extension | 10 |
biological properties | 10 |
secondary infections | 10 |
infection group | 10 |
like covs | 10 |
restriction fragment | 10 |
neonatal pigs | 10 |
effacing lesion | 9 |
black tea | 9 |
use committee | 9 |
among groups | 9 |
one isolate | 9 |
calculated based | 9 |
bvdv isolates | 9 |
new antigenic | 9 |
cells using | 9 |
experimental groups | 9 |
laboratory cats | 9 |
length polymorphism | 9 |
inoculated group | 9 |
antigenic variation | 9 |
heterologous strains | 9 |
dna copies | 9 |
related viruses | 9 |
van kasteren | 9 |
transmission electron | 9 |
bor infected | 9 |
culture supernatants | 9 |
parvovirus strains | 9 |
orf protein | 9 |
ciliary activity | 9 |
virus nonstructural | 9 |
real time | 9 |
two dogs | 9 |
readily detected | 9 |
saudi arabia | 9 |
per bird | 9 |
phylogenetic relationships | 9 |
control study | 9 |
mrna transcription | 9 |
lelystad isolate | 9 |
homologous rna | 9 |
coinfection group | 9 |
swine testis | 9 |
genetic changes | 9 |
weeks later | 9 |
currently circulating | 9 |
ct values | 9 |
mda titres | 9 |
clostridium perfringens | 9 |
remains unclear | 9 |
strains showed | 9 |
remains unknown | 9 |
chicken erythrocytes | 9 |
two new | 9 |
neonatal piglets | 9 |
sequence comparisons | 9 |
recent studies | 9 |
prrsv genome | 9 |
vaccine groups | 9 |
sequence comparison | 9 |
weaning multisystemic | 9 |
influenza viruses | 9 |
labelled virus | 9 |
inoculated calves | 9 |
experimentally induced | 9 |
primer sequences | 9 |
cell tropism | 9 |
examined daily | 9 |
primary antibody | 9 |
using anti | 9 |
subgenus embecovirus | 9 |
enteric pathogen | 9 |
dna sequencing | 9 |
virus titer | 9 |
significantly decreased | 9 |
recombinant dna | 9 |
leader sequence | 9 |
microtiter plate | 9 |
attenuated virus | 9 |
vaccination programs | 9 |
multiple pathogens | 9 |
inclusion bodies | 9 |
prrsv may | 9 |
nsp gene | 9 |
cryptosporidium parvum | 9 |
pcr buffer | 9 |
previous work | 9 |
pigs experimentally | 9 |
sequence diversity | 9 |
rna segments | 9 |
rotavirus isolates | 9 |
crude extract | 9 |
ch ibvs | 9 |
united kingdom | 9 |
strain nrtw | 9 |
stringency conditions | 9 |
colistin resistance | 9 |
mda interference | 9 |
isolated virus | 9 |
samples contained | 9 |
polyacrylamide gels | 9 |
cdna synthesis | 9 |
high genetic | 9 |
ng ml | 9 |
rabbit hemorrhagic | 9 |
commonly detected | 9 |
antigenic properties | 9 |
high prevalence | 9 |
beef cattle | 9 |
low virulent | 9 |
cdna fragments | 9 |
primary vaccination | 9 |
lawsonia intracellularis | 9 |
uninfected control | 9 |
economic impact | 9 |
genetically different | 9 |
virus isolate | 9 |
southern blot | 9 |
strains may | 9 |
inflammatory response | 9 |
bp mismatch | 9 |
attenuated group | 9 |
widely distributed | 9 |
syncytial virus | 9 |
mammary gland | 9 |
least two | 9 |
dmem rpmi | 9 |
european strains | 9 |
rnase free | 9 |
candidate compounds | 9 |
base pair | 9 |
continuous cell | 9 |
immunodeficiency virus | 9 |
first week | 9 |
cause disease | 9 |
cultured cells | 9 |
natural infection | 9 |
mgb probe | 9 |
orf ab | 9 |
horseshoe bats | 9 |
intestinal mucosa | 9 |
lymphoid depletion | 9 |
clinical scores | 9 |
four isolates | 9 |
samples obtained | 9 |
step rt | 9 |
negative sera | 9 |
pathological examination | 9 |
years ago | 9 |
diarrheic piglets | 9 |
using rt | 9 |
dog populations | 9 |
using polymerase | 9 |
subtype strains | 9 |
different virulence | 9 |
maximum likelihood | 9 |
reported previously | 9 |
necropsy reports | 9 |
rotavirus infections | 9 |
sample collection | 9 |
estimating fifty | 9 |
african green | 9 |
type ibv | 9 |
first detection | 9 |
bat coronaviruses | 9 |
diagnostic tests | 9 |
fimbrial adhesin | 9 |
rnase digestion | 9 |
catenin signaling | 9 |
comparative studies | 9 |
fluorescence microscope | 9 |
high sensitivity | 9 |
microtiter plates | 9 |
infectious dose | 9 |
graphpad software | 9 |
commercial vaccine | 9 |
agar plates | 9 |
different geographic | 9 |
parvovirus vaccine | 9 |
histological lesions | 9 |
newcastle disease | 9 |
aichi virus | 9 |
protein levels | 9 |
accessory protein | 9 |
coronavirus type | 9 |
one sample | 9 |
host factors | 9 |
bvdv strains | 9 |
rna isolation | 9 |
histopathological examination | 9 |
initial peaks | 9 |
developed severe | 9 |
coronavirus vaccine | 9 |
recorded daily | 9 |
septicaemia virus | 9 |
shiga toxins | 9 |
rabbit igg | 9 |
spike proteins | 9 |
coronavirus oc | 9 |
respiratory syncytial | 9 |
containing mm | 9 |
weeks old | 9 |
also possible | 9 |
ccov type | 9 |
hemorrhagic disease | 9 |
also present | 9 |
cpv mlv | 9 |
showed clinical | 9 |
inoculated onto | 9 |
serum ifn | 9 |
cpv vaccination | 9 |
pcr detection | 9 |
green i | 9 |
one dog | 9 |
inoculated nursing | 8 |
severe respiratory | 8 |
ibv variants | 8 |
whole cell | 8 |
immunofluorescence assay | 8 |
one strain | 8 |
stranded dna | 8 |
danish pigs | 8 |
post inoculation | 8 |
lung viral | 8 |
virus induced | 8 |
hi titers | 8 |
attachment sites | 8 |
south dakota | 8 |
ct value | 8 |
tissues collected | 8 |
bvd virus | 8 |
type cpv | 8 |
three compounds | 8 |
pig nos | 8 |
candidate vaccines | 8 |
cell passage | 8 |
previously shown | 8 |
genomic characterization | 8 |
also reported | 8 |
bovine diarrhea | 8 |
electron microscopic | 8 |
lesion scores | 8 |
reproductive tract | 8 |
diagnostic methods | 8 |
false layers | 8 |
umbilical cords | 8 |
hscas i | 8 |
prrsv infectious | 8 |
cpv strains | 8 |
vaccine group | 8 |
increased pathogenicity | 8 |
mucosal lesions | 8 |
nasal tonsil | 8 |
developed diarrhea | 8 |
humoral immune | 8 |
clinical significance | 8 |
vaccinated sows | 8 |
new coronavirus | 8 |
quantitative real | 8 |
samples using | 8 |
remained negative | 8 |
postmortem examination | 8 |
dodecyl sulfate | 8 |
expression vector | 8 |
reovirus type | 8 |
vaccinia virus | 8 |
data set | 8 |
animal welfare | 8 |
viral nucleic | 8 |
total wbc | 8 |
mucosal immune | 8 |
industry worldwide | 8 |
antigenically distinct | 8 |
genotype infectious | 8 |
per segment | 8 |
data indicated | 8 |
bovine virus | 8 |
cells showed | 8 |
swine farms | 8 |
grey kangaroos | 8 |
specific binding | 8 |
culture collection | 8 |
proteins encoded | 8 |
natural infections | 8 |
sensitive detection | 8 |
pfu ml | 8 |
ml dmem | 8 |
shed virus | 8 |
acute prrs | 8 |
virus comparison | 8 |
least three | 8 |
institutional animal | 8 |
dependent enhancement | 8 |
coronaviridae family | 8 |
remaining two | 8 |
liquid nitrogen | 8 |
ovine rotavirus | 8 |
sentinel pigs | 8 |
specific probe | 8 |
monolayer assay | 8 |
bat cov | 8 |
antigenic relationship | 8 |
visual inspection | 8 |
new porcine | 8 |
gds strain | 8 |
coronavirus nucleocapsid | 8 |
te ovud | 8 |
strains representing | 8 |
following inoculation | 8 |
dutch btovs | 8 |
aa insertion | 8 |
mesenteric lymph | 8 |
captive mob | 8 |
higher incidence | 8 |
cell entry | 8 |
protein inhibits | 8 |
porcine transmissible | 8 |
envelope proteins | 8 |
recombinant protein | 8 |
type vaccine | 8 |
lymphoid follicles | 8 |
type isolates | 8 |
vn titers | 8 |
coinfected pigs | 8 |
multiple sequence | 8 |
ii positive | 8 |
dependent manner | 8 |
live canine | 8 |
group coronavirus | 8 |
pigs porcine | 8 |
edema disease | 8 |
spf embryonated | 8 |
using primers | 8 |
expression levels | 8 |
stx strains | 8 |
montanide tm | 8 |
abdominal breathing | 8 |
water bath | 8 |
tw strains | 8 |
old pups | 8 |
molecular methods | 8 |
pedv igg | 8 |
coli bacteria | 8 |
qiaamp viral | 8 |
exudative epidermitis | 8 |
vaccine containing | 8 |
radiolabelled virus | 8 |
border disease | 8 |
pedv cv | 8 |
tgev strains | 8 |
associated disease | 8 |
cd dcs | 8 |
nonglycosylated form | 8 |
acid identity | 8 |
multocida strains | 8 |
using trizol | 8 |
pedv shedding | 8 |
high virulence | 8 |
ovud ita | 8 |
pigs developed | 8 |
variant cpv | 8 |
equi subsp | 8 |
diagnostic laboratories | 8 |
veterinary research | 8 |
swedish ibv | 8 |
mortem examination | 8 |
remaining pigs | 8 |
diagnostic laboratory | 8 |
protein genes | 8 |
fip cases | 8 |
sp antigen | 8 |
peptide inhibitors | 8 |
tracheobronchial lymph | 8 |
virus spike | 8 |
infected immature | 8 |
genotype subtype | 8 |
respiratory epithelium | 8 |
vero cytotoxin | 8 |
reduced expression | 8 |
conserved region | 8 |
two additional | 8 |
induced cpe | 8 |
elisa kit | 8 |
induced disease | 8 |
longitudinal study | 8 |
test compounds | 8 |
culture plates | 8 |
cd cells | 8 |
sodium dodecyl | 8 |
calves infected | 8 |
iii interferon | 8 |
national veterinary | 8 |
lung lesion | 8 |
canine parvoviruses | 8 |
takara bio | 8 |
stx genes | 8 |
early stage | 8 |
genetics system | 8 |
viral diseases | 8 |
immunoperoxidase monolayer | 8 |
viral clearance | 8 |
veterinary institute | 8 |
foster city | 8 |
herpesvirus infection | 8 |
hybridization results | 8 |
equal volumes | 8 |
cause severe | 8 |
four times | 8 |
american swine | 8 |
two piglets | 8 |
swine pedv | 8 |
genomic region | 8 |
different prrsv | 8 |
omp profiles | 8 |
viral titer | 8 |
expected size | 8 |
avian species | 8 |
specific genes | 8 |
acid substitutions | 8 |
blood lymphocytes | 8 |
genome profiles | 8 |
nested polymerase | 8 |
mutant virus | 8 |
antigenic variant | 8 |
restriction endonuclease | 8 |
recombination regions | 8 |
foetal calf | 8 |
domestic swine | 8 |
tissue homogenate | 8 |
congenital prrsv | 8 |
treatment group | 8 |
massachusetts type | 8 |
growth curve | 8 |
genomic analysis | 8 |
macconkey agar | 8 |
wild ruminants | 8 |
dual infection | 8 |
bat origin | 8 |
serially diluted | 8 |
also isolated | 8 |
highest serum | 8 |
boars i | 8 |
porcine plasma | 8 |
financial support | 8 |
specific igg | 8 |
supplementary data | 8 |
histological changes | 8 |
serotype i | 8 |
restriction enzymes | 8 |
iowa state | 8 |
test using | 8 |
rotavirus rna | 8 |
toxin producing | 8 |
rpmi medium | 8 |
gelatin plug | 8 |
subtype strain | 8 |
statistical analyses | 8 |
ifn production | 8 |
significantly different | 8 |
rpd cells | 8 |
crude theaflavin | 8 |
virus inoculum | 8 |
cell responses | 8 |
biological characteristics | 8 |
cattle farms | 8 |
strain bor | 8 |
villous atrophy | 8 |
viral titers | 8 |
pigs exhibited | 8 |
protective efficacy | 8 |
like particle | 8 |
culture media | 8 |
novel virus | 8 |
thank dr | 8 |
enteropathogenic escherichia | 8 |
rneasy mini | 8 |
five times | 8 |
korean btovs | 8 |
subcellular localization | 8 |
orf encodes | 8 |
transcription factor | 8 |
shedding pattern | 8 |
pedv wv | 8 |
farm animals | 8 |
membrane filters | 8 |
cfu ml | 8 |
old calves | 8 |
described elsewhere | 8 |
abi prism | 8 |
early stages | 8 |
cell types | 8 |
streptococcus suis | 8 |
showed high | 8 |
coronavirus isolates | 8 |
negative results | 8 |
protein encoded | 8 |
vp genes | 8 |
amplification product | 8 |
gene showed | 8 |
wild pig | 8 |
second passage | 8 |
viral infectivity | 8 |
isolate vr | 8 |
syndrome viruses | 8 |
control measures | 8 |
group control | 8 |
protective immune | 8 |
infected mdbk | 8 |
crypt epithelial | 8 |
human rotaviruses | 8 |
heterologous rna | 8 |
skin lesions | 8 |
highly divergent | 8 |
days later | 8 |
nucleotide sequencing | 8 |
pathogenic prrsv | 8 |
expression level | 8 |
rva strains | 8 |
primary infection | 8 |
may occur | 8 |
experimental studies | 8 |
bal fluids | 8 |
apparent molecular | 8 |
extracted using | 8 |
lung tissues | 8 |
human immunodeficiency | 8 |
field isolate | 8 |
divergent evolution | 8 |
avian coronaviruses | 8 |
strain gds | 8 |
omph proteins | 8 |
randomly selected | 8 |
whole genomic | 8 |
study also | 8 |
study days | 7 |
geographic regions | 7 |
gel st | 7 |
cells seeded | 7 |
method described | 7 |
test serum | 7 |
stc infected | 7 |
nasal cavity | 7 |
tissue homogenates | 7 |
particle associated | 7 |
duck peripheral | 7 |
phosphate broth | 7 |
pantropic canine | 7 |
first reported | 7 |
coding sequence | 7 |
strains identified | 7 |
stomatitis virus | 7 |
affected piglets | 7 |
previously demonstrated | 7 |
economic loss | 7 |
trizol reagent | 7 |
apoptotic pathway | 7 |
rabbit polyclonal | 7 |
secondary antibodies | 7 |
bp dna | 7 |
clay minerals | 7 |
capsular pcr | 7 |
provide valuable | 7 |
bovine kidney | 7 |
binding domain | 7 |
cattle industry | 7 |
epidemiological survey | 7 |
investigated whether | 7 |
hours post | 7 |
outer capsid | 7 |
simian hemorrhagic | 7 |
two main | 7 |
confluent monolayers | 7 |
deletion mutant | 7 |
viral attachment | 7 |
phosphate buffer | 7 |
respiratory diseases | 7 |
cell monolayer | 7 |
pcv alone | 7 |
gene fragments | 7 |
spf weaned | 7 |
mutant viruses | 7 |
target genes | 7 |
better understanding | 7 |
resistance genes | 7 |
different times | 7 |
locate vetmic | 7 |
cell nuclei | 7 |
diagnostic assays | 7 |
virus associated | 7 |
small number | 7 |
allantoic cavity | 7 |
diseased cats | 7 |
sialic acids | 7 |
veterinary diagnostic | 7 |
haemorrhagic enteritis | 7 |
old embryonated | 7 |
i ifn | 7 |
irf activation | 7 |
cdna clones | 7 |
crossover region | 7 |
prrsv type | 7 |
vaccinated broiler | 7 |
severe lesions | 7 |
epitope fusions | 7 |
domestic dogs | 7 |
heterologous field | 7 |
adj vaccinated | 7 |
line ipec | 7 |
weaning piglets | 7 |
chickens challenged | 7 |
dna ladder | 7 |
chimeric viruses | 7 |
sigma chemical | 7 |
square test | 7 |
weight gain | 7 |
com locate | 7 |
isolates tested | 7 |
recombinant proteins | 7 |
old specific | 7 |
antibody production | 7 |
body junction | 7 |
randomly divided | 7 |
additional studies | 7 |
piglets inoculated | 7 |
type infection | 7 |
significantly associated | 7 |
vaccinated pig | 7 |
diarrhea viruses | 7 |
using real | 7 |
uninfected pigs | 7 |
experimentally inoculated | 7 |
membrane fusion | 7 |
indicate significant | 7 |
samples containing | 7 |
pcr reactions | 7 |
large intestines | 7 |
culture propagated | 7 |
acid substitution | 7 |
coli infection | 7 |
using two | 7 |
year old | 7 |
assay kit | 7 |
blocking elisa | 7 |
virus recovery | 7 |
may help | 7 |
also obtained | 7 |
acute disease | 7 |
virus infectious | 7 |
infected cattle | 7 |
cattle herd | 7 |
specific probes | 7 |
enterocyte fractions | 7 |
prrsv nc | 7 |
significant increase | 7 |
two cell | 7 |
aa residues | 7 |
shxb strain | 7 |
respiratory disorders | 7 |
red foxes | 7 |
primer set | 7 |
prism software | 7 |
extended host | 7 |
copy number | 7 |
systemic immune | 7 |
mediated immunity | 7 |
specific fluorescence | 7 |
herd immunity | 7 |
immune evasion | 7 |
vaccinated animals | 7 |
time period | 7 |
synthetic peptide | 7 |
bone marrow | 7 |
investigate whether | 7 |
major outer | 7 |
transcriptional activity | 7 |
purified protein | 7 |
bcov infection | 7 |
morphological changes | 7 |
tryptose phosphate | 7 |
indirect immunofluorescence | 7 |
rich fraction | 7 |
th day | 7 |
pedv vaccine | 7 |
adenovirus type | 7 |
us ibv | 7 |
family arteriviridae | 7 |
numbers ml | 7 |
hemorrhagic fever | 7 |
findings suggest | 7 |
american prrsv | 7 |
virus serotype | 7 |
originally isolated | 7 |
per cell | 7 |
ng level | 7 |
lower respiratory | 7 |
hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis | 7 |
lower levels | 7 |
suckling pigs | 7 |
antibody testing | 7 |
th passage | 7 |
md cases | 7 |
strain showed | 7 |
mammalian orthoreovirus | 7 |
syncytium formation | 7 |
well documented | 7 |
well microtiter | 7 |
median age | 7 |
virulence factors | 7 |
vesicular stomatitis | 7 |
simultaneous detection | 7 |
without clinical | 7 |
virus neutralisation | 7 |
major cause | 7 |
dried porcine | 7 |
vaccinated dogs | 7 |
cell receptors | 7 |
uninfected cells | 7 |
peav infection | 7 |
passive transfer | 7 |
dried samples | 7 |
may cause | 7 |
antiviral efficacy | 7 |
equine coronavirus | 7 |
strand rna | 7 |
acid residues | 7 |
high titers | 7 |
nasal secretions | 7 |
molecular characterisation | 7 |
blot assay | 7 |
dna synthesis | 7 |
rotavirus group | 7 |
porcine rotaviruses | 7 |
cycle progression | 7 |
medium supplemented | 7 |
cell growth | 7 |
roman numeral | 7 |
ma cells | 7 |
new species | 7 |
two large | 7 |
high sequence | 7 |
virus antigen | 7 |
oral vaccines | 7 |
without enrichment | 7 |
primers fecv | 7 |
different parts | 7 |
multiplex real | 7 |
animal experiment | 7 |
old group | 7 |
viral genomes | 7 |
polyclonal antibodies | 7 |
boar i | 7 |
virulence determinants | 7 |
primers used | 7 |
virus structural | 7 |
time quantitative | 7 |
positive animals | 7 |
mononuclear cells | 7 |
nt sequence | 7 |
ml reaction | 7 |
bromide staining | 7 |
important cause | 7 |
like genotype | 7 |
intravascular macrophages | 7 |
persistent infections | 7 |
retrospective study | 7 |
received ml | 7 |
hypervariable regions | 7 |
significant changes | 7 |
bovine enterovirus | 7 |
positive puppies | 7 |
analysis based | 7 |
virulent pedv | 7 |
major structural | 7 |
gene among | 7 |
gene copies | 7 |
isolation kit | 7 |
agarose beads | 7 |
may facilitate | 7 |
free pigs | 7 |
congenital prrs | 7 |
strain pc | 7 |
genome organization | 7 |
several studies | 7 |
synonymous substitutions | 7 |
ibv infection | 7 |
different superscripts | 7 |
ibv vaccine | 7 |
infected nursing | 7 |
inactivated vaccines | 7 |
rna probes | 7 |
trim expression | 7 |
viral reduction | 7 |
pathogenic potential | 7 |
severe economic | 7 |
mvc isolate | 7 |
among different | 7 |
atypical prrs | 7 |
orf recombinant | 7 |
recently identified | 7 |
examination revealed | 7 |
animals may | 7 |
human beings | 7 |
two residues | 7 |
considered negative | 7 |
studies showed | 7 |
pedv infectivity | 7 |
clinical specimens | 7 |
major parent | 7 |
high fever | 7 |
complete genomes | 7 |
incubation period | 7 |
human rectal | 7 |
signal transduction | 7 |
sample containing | 7 |
two mabs | 7 |
junction sites | 7 |
pigs persistently | 7 |
fip symptoms | 7 |
aa sequence | 7 |
ulcerative cloacitis | 7 |
selected regions | 7 |
subgroups present | 7 |
rotavirus genome | 7 |
genomic copies | 7 |
gp protein | 7 |
necrosis factor | 7 |
domestic cats | 7 |
genetic characteristics | 7 |
siga antibodies | 7 |
high rate | 7 |
pig populations | 7 |
mitochondrial apoptotic | 7 |
higher prevalence | 7 |
porcine arterivirus | 7 |
standard deviation | 7 |
also confirmed | 7 |
specific primer | 7 |
observation period | 7 |
mean age | 7 |
parental viruses | 7 |
different ibv | 7 |
neonatal diarrhoea | 7 |
fresh organ | 7 |
bvdv type | 7 |
subunit fedf | 7 |
suppurative bronchopneumonia | 7 |
bubalus bubalis | 7 |
us strain | 7 |
bi analysis | 7 |
naturally acquired | 7 |
bio inc | 7 |
plasma membrane | 7 |
rapid diagnosis | 7 |
pig farm | 7 |
considered significant | 7 |
postmortem findings | 7 |
detect viral | 7 |
vulpes vulpes | 7 |
coronavirus genome | 7 |
molecular evolution | 7 |
virulent prrsv | 7 |
immune activation | 7 |
infected mature | 7 |
low levels | 7 |
supplementary material | 7 |
artificial insemination | 7 |
blood cell | 7 |
first two | 7 |
sow herds | 7 |
frequently observed | 7 |
large amounts | 7 |
antigenically different | 7 |
new zealand | 7 |
approximately kb | 7 |
software package | 7 |
protein expressed | 7 |
prrs vaccine | 7 |
toxin genes | 7 |
pcv template | 7 |
recombinant tw | 7 |
fatal outcome | 7 |
strain ili | 7 |
obviously higher | 7 |
one hundred | 7 |
van gucht | 7 |
cultures inoculated | 7 |
parent strain | 7 |
san diego | 7 |
poultry farms | 7 |
high specificity | 7 |
become infected | 7 |
neutral red | 7 |
different species | 7 |
following virus | 7 |
tmuv serum | 7 |
weaning diarrhea | 7 |
isolate atcc | 7 |
commercial elisa | 7 |
mean zo | 7 |
respiratory tissues | 7 |
optical density | 7 |
dependent rna | 7 |
pigs tested | 7 |
two peptides | 7 |
viral gene | 7 |
lamp reaction | 7 |
rva infection | 7 |
nucleocapsid gene | 7 |
amplified using | 7 |
washing three | 7 |
neutral buffered | 7 |
supplemented media | 7 |
ihc staining | 7 |
mc index | 7 |
bordetella bronchiseptica | 7 |
protein sequences | 7 |
hscas ii | 7 |
three tests | 7 |
chemical co | 7 |
cells cultured | 7 |
rhesus monkey | 7 |
varying degrees | 7 |
pathogenic strain | 7 |
fecal sample | 7 |
natural host | 7 |
analysis using | 7 |
type virus | 7 |
laboratory manual | 7 |
conserved among | 7 |
viral titre | 7 |
within min | 7 |
high nucleotide | 7 |
mock infected | 7 |
massachusetts genotype | 7 |
partial characterization | 7 |
may provide | 7 |
biosecurity measures | 7 |
genome sequencing | 7 |
attenuated live | 7 |
mystery swine | 7 |
microtiter assay | 7 |
kidney cell | 7 |
restriction enzyme | 7 |
ha activity | 7 |
prototype strain | 7 |
data show | 7 |
viral disease | 7 |
public health | 7 |
weight loss | 7 |
swine disease | 7 |
different animal | 7 |
new virus | 7 |
amplified products | 7 |
diaphragmatic lung | 7 |
lamp assay | 7 |
single stranded | 6 |
inhibitory peptides | 6 |
minimal essential | 6 |
virulent lena | 6 |
swedish isolate | 6 |
eastern europe | 6 |
clinically healthy | 6 |
bat species | 6 |
western immunoblot | 6 |
length genome | 6 |
variable regions | 6 |
prrs pigs | 6 |
stable toxin | 6 |
pbs containing | 6 |
diverse strains | 6 |
veal calves | 6 |
enzyme mix | 6 |
relationship among | 6 |
cells well | 6 |
point mutation | 6 |
ch strains | 6 |
clinical manifestations | 6 |
new insights | 6 |
palm civets | 6 |
highly susceptible | 6 |
control animals | 6 |
replication slippage | 6 |
start codon | 6 |
mice immunized | 6 |
different genotypes | 6 |
dr dcs | 6 |
strains belonged | 6 |
protein interacts | 6 |
red blood | 6 |
protein antagonizes | 6 |
three isolates | 6 |
ml streptomycin | 6 |
elisa plate | 6 |
assays based | 6 |
immunized mice | 6 |
animal shelter | 6 |
gene set | 6 |
virus expressing | 6 |
binder probe | 6 |
species transmission | 6 |
highest dilution | 6 |
presenting cells | 6 |
old type | 6 |
neutralization assays | 6 |
increased numbers | 6 |
mild diarrhea | 6 |
diagnostic test | 6 |
uc davis | 6 |
thermo scientific | 6 |
young dogs | 6 |
gnotobiotic calf | 6 |
inoculated intranasally | 6 |
orally immunized | 6 |
porcine coronavirus | 6 |
animal disease | 6 |
reaction volume | 6 |
various tissues | 6 |
reference brv | 6 |
pigs exposed | 6 |
proinflammatory cytokines | 6 |
newborn piglet | 6 |
pedv genome | 6 |
global distribution | 6 |
vitro transcription | 6 |
direct detection | 6 |
studies demonstrated | 6 |
piglets experimentally | 6 |
infected naturally | 6 |
ibv reference | 6 |
porcine small | 6 |
two sets | 6 |
etiological agent | 6 |
methods used | 6 |
infectious pedv | 6 |
inhibition assays | 6 |
ecov infection | 6 |
three viruses | 6 |
peak titer | 6 |
remained seronegative | 6 |
containing mg | 6 |
genome segments | 6 |
case reports | 6 |
south america | 6 |
cat populations | 6 |
virus followed | 6 |
rotavirus genotypes | 6 |
disease syndrome | 6 |
cycling conditions | 6 |
nested rt | 6 |
new strains | 6 |
hev transcription | 6 |
may account | 6 |
virus evolution | 6 |
lung sections | 6 |
interferon induction | 6 |
gene revealed | 6 |
strictly related | 6 |
strain black | 6 |
leptospira interrogans | 6 |
bloody diarrhea | 6 |
infection caused | 6 |
key role | 6 |
reaction assay | 6 |
novel human | 6 |
virus detection | 6 |
interferon response | 6 |
four piglets | 6 |
dna load | 6 |
direct contact | 6 |
functional groups | 6 |
virus virulence | 6 |
following experimental | 6 |
brachyspira hyodysenteriae | 6 |
observed daily | 6 |
chinese qx | 6 |
passaged times | 6 |
health status | 6 |
strain vr | 6 |
bat covs | 6 |
taq polymerase | 6 |
cdna using | 6 |
several countries | 6 |
competing interests | 6 |
tissues examined | 6 |
salt solution | 6 |
reverse transcribed | 6 |
enterohemolysin activity | 6 |
low pathogenic | 6 |
mem containing | 6 |
viruses belonging | 6 |
cecal tonsil | 6 |
essential regions | 6 |
among rotaviruses | 6 |
antibody titre | 6 |
see section | 6 |
dendritic cell | 6 |
avian strains | 6 |
immunoglobulin classes | 6 |
will help | 6 |
large white | 6 |
infected vero | 6 |
inactivated porcine | 6 |
bootstrap values | 6 |
old female | 6 |
regulatory sequence | 6 |
tumor necrosis | 6 |
silver staining | 6 |
showed severe | 6 |
rhesus rotavirus | 6 |
brazilian strains | 6 |
dually infected | 6 |
nine pigs | 6 |
significant economic | 6 |
potential role | 6 |
evolutionary history | 6 |
remaining three | 6 |
asymptomatic infection | 6 |
guangxi province | 6 |
infected mo | 6 |
iu ml | 6 |
month old | 6 |
frequently detected | 6 |
na na | 6 |
examined using | 6 |
pathogens associated | 6 |
group mean | 6 |
protein induces | 6 |
thermal cycler | 6 |
envelope glycoprotein | 6 |
different isolates | 6 |
diarrheic foal | 6 |
using conventional | 6 |
perfringens type | 6 |
adaptive immune | 6 |
tm gel | 6 |
infections may | 6 |
group i | 6 |
based real | 6 |
poor growth | 6 |
experimental animal | 6 |
pid onwards | 6 |
new ibv | 6 |
rna replication | 6 |
gene insertion | 6 |
prrsv orf | 6 |
gene insertions | 6 |
rotavirus llr | 6 |
vaccine based | 6 |
target cells | 6 |
jun expression | 6 |
log ffu | 6 |
ifn antagonism | 6 |
type dna | 6 |
spread rapidly | 6 |
five samples | 6 |
chicken embryos | 6 |
co incubator | 6 |
slightly higher | 6 |
cov rna | 6 |
del pedvs | 6 |
strain gx | 6 |
virus molecular | 6 |
enteric infections | 6 |
negative samples | 6 |
cells supporting | 6 |
mouse erythrocytes | 6 |
positive controls | 6 |
also performed | 6 |
new vaccines | 6 |
present mvc | 6 |
pcv isolates | 6 |
detection methods | 6 |
cov hku | 6 |
i prrsv | 6 |
rapid identification | 6 |
diversity within | 6 |
replication kinetics | 6 |
monitored daily | 6 |
potentially involved | 6 |
btov infections | 6 |
showed disorganization | 6 |
type culture | 6 |
guinea fowl | 6 |
two viral | 6 |
vice versa | 6 |
serum dilutions | 6 |
weeks post | 6 |
well tissue | 6 |
ace receptor | 6 |
vaccination guidelines | 6 |
aa deletion | 6 |
pcr typing | 6 |
antiviral agents | 6 |
aa substitutions | 6 |
utero infection | 6 |