quadgram

This is a table of type quadgram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

quadgram frequency
from one to two78
one to two feet69
to two feet high61
an inch in diameter56
from june to august56
during july and august43
the axils of the43
flowers from june to41
at the base of38
to three feet high38
in the axils of37
as long as the37
during june and july35
from one to three34
and the leaves are34
six to eighteen inches34
from june to september33
from six to eighteen33
the fruit is a33
from july to september32
the base of the31
one to three feet30
the flowers are small30
of an inch long30
the end of the29
flowering from june to27
the top of the27
to eighteen inches high27
half an inch long26
about half an inch25
axils of the leaves25
and the fruit is25
from six inches to25
at the same time25
from may to july24
of the same order24
from two to four23
in such a manner23
a quarter of an22
quarter of an inch22
of an inch in22
flowers are of a21
and are arranged in21
flowers from may to21
and its leaves are20
the flowers are of20
to a height of20
from six to ten20
half an inch in19
during may and june19
most parts of britain19
it is a very19
the whole plant is19
end of the summer18
the nature of the18
of the upper leaves17
the tube of the17
at the top of17
axils of the upper16
in the case of16
the leaves are very16
two to three feet16
the time of flowering16
from six to twelve16
the lower leaves are16
grows to a height16
flowers from july to16
the base of each16
may be seen in16
from two to three16
in the same order15
a very similar plant15
to the end of15
inches to a foot15
the plant flowers from15
of these is the15
to four feet high15
about a quarter of15
its stem is erect15
six to twelve inches15
and the flowers are15
like those of the15
flowers during july and15
it is an erect15
a large number of14
plant flowers from june14
to twelve inches high14
tube of the corolla14
to ten inches high14
an inch in length14
longer than the calyx14
inches to two feet14
is said to be14
two or three feet14
flowers during june and14
the flowers of the14
the flowers are in14
in july and august13
such a manner as13
about a third of13
the length of the13
is an erect plant13
this plant flowers from13
and the fruits are13
bloom from june to13
are more or less13
the flowers are white13
to two feet in13
of the same genus13
time of flowering is13
of most parts of13
our last example of13
are to be found13
flowering during july and13
the male and female13
a manner as to13
a foot in height13
a third of an13
two or three inches13
one of the most13
third of an inch13
than those of the13
grows from one to12
one of these is12
the other is the12
flowers from april to12
are of a pale12
the upper leaves are12
the leaves of the12
of the last species12
and the upper ones12
flowers are arranged in12
the flowers are very12
are arranged in a12
very much like the12
as the fruit ripens12
to be found in11
and more or less11
the calyx has five11
the case of the11
the surface of the11
this species flowers from11
about an inch in11
we have now to11
in the centre of11
to a foot in11
two to four feet11
is a very similar11
is very common in11
much longer than the11
in the form of11
is one of the11
flowering from may to11
six inches to two11
flowers during may and11
is to be found11
the segments of the11
on the under side11
similar to those of10
in addition to the10
in the southern counties10
at the end of10
and flowers from june10
such a manner that10
in most parts of10
a few inches to10
to those of the10
from may to august10
stem from one to10
in june and july10
or three inches long10
top of the stem10
is a very common10
and the petals are10
from april to june10
the south of england10
the blossoms of the10
last example of the10
during april and may10
two feet in height10
male and female flowers10
a foot or more10
the stem of the10
from a few inches10
quarters of an inch10
a foot in length10
the centre of the10
is moderately common in10
six to ten inches10
three feet in height10
from three to five10
flowering from july to10
during august and september9
stem from six to9
about an inch long9
foot or more in9
may be easily distinguished9
of the leaf is9
from one to four9
of from six to9
from the axils of9
may be found in9
one to two inches9
the flowers are pale9
in the present chapter9
the arrangement of the9
they are arranged in9
from the roots of9
very similar to the9
the flowers are yellow9
with the exception of9
of three or four9
rooting at the base9
passing now to the9
each flower has a9
from two to six9
from twelve to eighteen9
it has a creeping9
from two to five9
on the banks of9
flowering from april to9
the flowers appear during9
twice as long as9
the pappus consists of9
is more or less9
to eighteen inches in9
an inch and a9
eighteen inches in height9
is shown on plate9
and the corolla is9
in may and june8
six inches to a8
sometimes regarded as a8
is very common on8
sixth of an inch8
its leaves are opposite8
our first example is8
of the corolla is8
or three feet high8
of two or three8
longer than the others8
a sixth of an8
leaves are pinnately divided8
about a sixth of8
twelve to eighteen inches8
the roots of the8
in a sharp point8
we may see the8
in some of the8
or more in height8
to three feet in8
varies from six to8
lower part of the8
during the summer months8
inch and a half8
varies from one to8
in the south of8
belong to the order8
flowering during june and8
and the pods are8
in many parts of8
and arranged in a8
of four or five8
found principally in the8
the banks of streams8
and flowers from may8
as well as in8
bract at the base8
three or four inches8
first example is the8
it should be noted8
we have to note8
to be seen in8
part of the stem8
the upper of which8
by a whorl of8
the flowers of this8
of from two to8
southern counties of england8
is very much like8
the southern counties of8
regarded as a variety8
over an inch in7
about twice as long7
the leaves are pinnate7
this species flowers during7
bloom during july and7
much like those of7
segments of the perianth7
four to ten inches7
into three or five7
the leaves are long7
the middle of the7
the leaves are stalked7
a very common plant7
coming now to the7
about an inch and7
longer than the sepals7
of a pale purple7
corolla is of a7
from four to eight7
about as long as7
the calyx is deeply7
deeply divided into five7
a height of from7
are shorter than the7
the corolla has a7
is very similar to7
of the flower is7
reaches a height of7
lie close against the7
the leaves and the7
the lower part of7
of the calyx are7
all the leaves are7
woods and thickets in7
one to four feet7
of an inch across7
they belong to the7
some of the flowers7
we may meet with7
those of the last7
nearly half an inch7
from six to eight7
of a bright yellow7
as a variety of7
the tips of the7
two longer than the7
a variety of the7
varying from two to7
reaching a height of7
the leaves are narrow7
an inch or more7
than half an inch7
with the aid of7
is surrounded by a7
to eighteen inches long7
which may be seen7
and rooting at the7
arranged in whorls of7
now to the order7
to five feet high7
the side of the7
three or four feet7
and other wet places7
the leaves are opposite7
the upper ones are7
and the corolla has7
is interesting to note7
parts of the flower7
it is interesting to7
twisted in the bud6
may meet with the6
lip of the corolla6
of the southern counties6
interesting to note that6
we meet with the6
are long and narrow6
as a garden flower6
as in the case6
the aid of the6
a pale purple colour6
is deeply divided into6
from three to six6
about the same length6
side of the stem6
the parts of the6
the form of the6
on account of its6
bracts at the base6
or less tinged with6
has a creeping rootstock6
the radical leaves are6
is common in the6
many parts of britain6
some of them are6
inch or more in6
more or less tinged6
with a branched stem6
arranged in a loose6
one of which is6
flowers that bloom from6
wastes and waysides in6
the pods are smooth6
are of a bright6
not so common as6
the leaves of this6
this is an erect6
the stem leaves are6
of the flowers are6
it is said to6
the fruit consists of6
and the lower ones6
the leaves are sessile6
larger than the others6
more or less common6
plant flowers during june6
stem of the plant6
belong to the genus6
the bases of the6
by the agency of6
two feet in length6
and the stem is6
half the length of6
which is common in6
it is a smooth6
also known as the6
the corolla consists of6
flowers of this order6
along the banks of6
the stamens are in6
may be distinguished from6
the flowers are about6
plant flowers from july6
bloom during june and6
from four to ten6
by means of which6
half an inch or6
four or five feet6
deeply cleft into five6
but it may be6
of the leaves and6
flowers are very small6
lip of the flower6
the flower of the6
the lower ones stalked6
belongs to the order6
appear before the leaves6
may be distinguished by6
and waysides in summer6
on the other hand6
united at their bases6
is represented on plate6
like that of the6
this order is the6
are longer than the6
in the woods and6
so common as the6
at the tips of6
the appearance of the6
the summit of the6
from april to july6
by the aid of6
or four inches long6
from four to six6
of a pale green6
a bright yellow colour6
very similar to those6
varying from six inches6
in the same way6
flowers of the woods6
or shrubs with alternate6
with three or five6
are said to be6
species of the same6
the leaves are ovate6
to ten inches long6
it is difficult to6
the flowers are rather6
are very similar to6
as that of the6
and may be seen6
two to six feet6
as is the case6
the flowers are arranged5
from may to september5
from three to twelve5
the involucre bracts are5
the flowers are imperfect5
attached to the corolla5
each side of the5
smooth or slightly hairy5
is very abundant in5
by the presence of5
the general characters of5
often meet with the5
and an ovary of5
on each side of5
a pale yellow colour5
grows from six to5
may be readily distinguished5
its leaves are all5
one or two feet5
stem of this plant5
over half an inch5
of the plant is5
reaches a length of5
species of this genus5
is not so common5
in april and may5
it is a hairy5
quite a number of5
is made up of5
the males and females5
flowers are pale yellow5
and the stem leaves5
towards the top of5
base of the stem5
be seen in bloom5
a pale green colour5
leaves are long and5
is to be seen5
of this order is5
the upper ones sessile5
species referred to are5
is the case with5
each head is surrounded5
of one or more5
than the other two5
shorter than the calyx5
the lip of the5
fruit is a small5
to two feet long5
to be found on5
are about an inch5
surrounded by a whorl5
of which there are5
is deeply cleft into5
the same length as5
the flowers are usually5
as those of the5
in august and september5
the stem is erect5
on the summit of5
in whorls of three5
similar in general appearance5
flowers are rather large5
the florets of the5
head is surrounded by5
is not at all5
trail along the ground5
for the purpose of5
from june to october5
four feet in height5
of the present chapter5
the part of the5
its lower leaves are5
it is of a5
the same order is5
the same order includes5
the edge of the5
is found principally in5
its leaves are narrow5
it has a short5
the plant is not5
with the result that5
to a foot or5
illustrations in the text5
and each one has5
april to the end5
a few of the5
herbs or shrubs with5
while those of the5
for purposes of identification5
a very variable plant5
larger than those of5
the first of these5
is a pair of5
of this plant are5
flowers in july and5
is a smooth plant5
the stem of this5
well known as a5
and the pappus consists5
more than half an5
when in the bud5
of five or six5
a manner that they5
calyx has five teeth5
all parts of britain5
by the absence of5
are united at their5
of the flowers of5
to six feet in5
as to form a5
and pinnate leaves with5
of the south and5
species of the genus5
we may often meet5
of the red valerian5
the leaves are large5
which belongs to the5
from july to october5
flowers at the same5
two to four inches5
the calyx is tubular5
banks of streams and5
leaves with netted veins5
on account of the5
come in contact with5
of the red clover5
about half as long5
and each flower has5
of the same form5
are pinnately divided into5
of a number of5
segments of the calyx5
this plant flowers during5
species flowers from may5
a little shorter than5
have now to note5
six feet in height5
marshes and wet places5
that portion of the5
parts of great britain5
a considerable number of5
this species is not5
may often meet with5
field and woodland plants5
a term applied to5
the great hedge bedstraw5
the whole of the5
that it is difficult5
little shorter than the5
common in fields and5
of one or two5
may be known by5
of about the same5
the appearance of a5
of from three to5
whorls of from six5
as a wild flower5
be known by the5
long as the petals5
are about half an5
long as the calyx5
be noted that the5
of a pale yellow5
be seen in flower5
by means of the5
the character of the5
they are of a5
may be described as5
as soon as the5
in whorls of from5
have now to consider5
from april to the5
it is a slender5
and flowers during may5
the stems of the5
along a common axis5
whorls of three or5
often tinged with red5
appear during june and5
with five spreading lobes5
to eight inches long5
clusters of two or5
of the stem are5
to four feet in5
same order includes the5
to eight inches high5
the plant flowers during5
of the same species5
which the seeds are5
cut into very narrow5
classified according to their5
is not uncommon in5
the fruit is an5
the other members of5
teeth of the calyx5
plant is common in5
of flowering is from5
is much longer than4
is a whorl of4
lobes at the base4
leaves are very large4
arrangement of the flowers4
two to five feet4
in the same genus4
the pistillate flowers are4
leaves of this plant4
is a hairy plant4
the flowers have five4
a few species of4
they grow in pairs4
the time that the4
form of the leaves4
of the composite flowers4
branched towards the top4
leaves are smooth and4
moderately common in the4
british representative of its4
of a complete flower4
little longer than the4
flowers are in dense4
divided into three or4
close to the ground4
it is parasitic on4
and flowers at the4
has four or five4
on the same plant4
into very narrow segments4
the flowers bloom during4
entire or slightly toothed4
remain on the tree4
from march to may4
a somewhat similar plant4
yellow flowers are in4
both calyx and corolla4
and a half long4
the receptacle is flat4
to an inch in4
same genus as the4
as the fruits ripen4
in order to distinguish4
the aid of a4
into five or seven4
six to ten in4
in which the flowers4
more than an inch4
and a superior ovary4
upper part of the4
long as the sepals4
the little white flowers4
so well known as4
are very variable in4
in connexion with the4
has an erect stem4
sepals and five petals4
is common on the4
is very widely distributed4
the flowers are purple4
to two inches in4
of from one to4
in contact with the4
each consisting of a4
june to the end4
a height of about4
flowers are very similar4
eighth of an inch4
it may be easily4
upper of which is4
those of the other4
five sepals and five4
waysides and wastes in4
leaves are divided into4
is divided into two4
spike of flowers is4
more than a foot4
from three to ten4
like the leaves of4
calyx is deeply cleft4
of the order is4
the lower lip of4
the base of its4
stamens on the corolla4
in whorls of four4
a corolla with a4
there is also a4
common plant in the4
its stem is hairy4
that ripens to a4
usually more or less4
the bottom of the4
should note that the4
are of a deep4
the edges of the4
by the formation of4
are two or three4
are thickly covered with4
and on waste ground4
the transfer of pollen4
bloom from july to4
either solitary or in4
and female flowers grow4
may be identified by4
and an inferior ovary4
and they grow in4
which are to be4
a common plant in4
growing from one to4
which consists of a4
at the base into4
though not very common4
the heads of flowers4
corolla with a short4
are of the same4
by the river side4
which bloom from june4
its stem is stout4
known as a garden4
are about as long4
to the fact that4
are on long stalks4
with an erect stem4
established as a wild4
is sometimes regarded as4
florets of the ray4
during the spring months4
it belongs to the4
to be found only4
the flowers are not4
and flowers during july4
is rather local in4
the under side of4
similar to the last4
common in wet places4
the leaves are pinnately4
common in many parts4
top of the stalk4
of the flowers that4
from two to ten4
is a very variable4
flowers we have seen4
or more in diameter4
of the leaves are4
and the flowers bloom4
the same order we4
the hairs of the4
to the base of4
it grows to a4
flowers classified according to4
flowering trees and shrubs4
leaves are oblong or4
said to be sessile4
each one has a4
be easily distinguished by4
may be easily recognised4
plant flowers from may4
the upper part of4
by the nature of4
species flowers from june4
which is very common4
this plant is common4
be distinguished from the4
manner as to form4
the outer of which4
is surmounted by a4
the woods and thickets4
one side of the4
to two inches long4
the fruit is small4
of from four to4
on the ground and4
grows from two to4
very common plant in4
acquainted with the general4
has been introduced into4
the carpels of the4
common in the woods4
more or less toothed4
base of the calyx4
the corolla is of4
the former are in4
are attached to the4
four to eight inches4
outer of which are4
its leaves are stalked4
is from six to4
flowering in june and4
in which the flower4
the plant is common4
other members of the4
same order we have4
are very deeply divided4
six inches to over4
stipules at the base4
and flowers during june4
at right angles to4
are arranged in loose4
one of the commonest4
a little longer than4
are few in number4
the same number of4
the following summary of4
waysides and waste ground4
the outer ones are4
the leaves are small4
somewhat the appearance of4
a wild flower in4
the calyx is divided4
it may be readily4
leaves are very narrow4
shaped at the base4
list of flowers classified4
male and female blossoms4
very similar in general4
other flowers we have4
but it is a4
the upper lip of4
order we have the4
and the male and4
more or less in4
are half an inch4
we conclude this chapter4
we should note that4
be distinguished by its4
end of the year4
must be careful to4
to the same genus4
lower lip of the4
three to five feet4
of this species are4
is composed of a4
which appear during june4
is a much smaller4
be careful to distinguish4
in a loose panicle4
the white dead nettle4
the leaves are simple4
till the end of4
rose bay willow herb4
of flowers classified according4
of the same colour4
leaves are ovate or4
varying from one to4
on some of the4
whole plant is smooth4
that the corolla is4
the flowers are sessile4
one to three inches4
this plant has a4
common in most parts4
more or less decumbent4
after the manner of4
length of the petals4
the only british representative4
which are longer than4
upper lip of the4
manner as to bring4
of this plant is4
leaves are all radical4
the leaves are smooth4
easily distinguished by the4
during the autumn months4
plants of the same4
to that of the4
the same genus as4
bloom from may to4
a dense cluster of4
as in the last4
base of each leaf4
plant flowers from april4
only british representative of4
on the roots of4
there are five sepals4
three inches in diameter4
close against the surface4
it is certainly a4
oblong or very narrow4
tube of the calyx4
other species of the4
the growth of the4
the species referred to4
be easily recognised by4
are much like those4
very common in the4
especially in the southern4
commonly meet with the4
with alternate leaves and4
six to eight inches4
in fields and meadows4
female flowers grow on4
of the south of4
inches to three feet4
and may be easily4
to the same order4
the staminate catkins are4
which the flowers are4
is abundant in most4
easily distinguished by its4
in the neighbourhood of4
it is a perennial4
on the same tree4
on roots of grasses4
in the last species4
to the nature of4
the same as that4
woods and thickets of4
about half the length4
on walls and rocks4
with a short tube4
of the stem and4
it has an erect4
flowers of this group4
are to be seen4
base of each petal3
on the tree throughout3
we find that the3
in the middle of3
are arranged in umbels3
bend to the ground3
rye grass or darnel3
be readily distinguished from3
and character of the3
appear during july and3
conclude this chapter with3
the common quaking grass3
woods of north england3
sessile on a common3
the yellow flowers are3
when young they are3
of the lower lip3
be described as common3
the exception of the3
the bursting of the3
flowering in july and3
the flowers are always3
of the natural orders3
flowers that grow in3
in whorls of five3
the stem and leaves3
grow to a considerable3
a deep rose colour3
of our earliest spring3
is a common plant3
that often reaches a3
wet places in spring3
is common in many3
districts of the west3
flower from june to3
bloom in july and3
about three times as3
the corolla are spreading3
yellow flowers from june3
and close over the3
next flower is the3
contains only one seed3
the plant is abundant3
where it is often3
to about the end3
so well known that3
is a common wayside3
the same genus by3
the lobes of the3
of a yellowish green3
to a considerable length3
it is very similar3
the orpine or livelong3
late in the autumn3
in the southern and3
of the same length3
inches to over a3
plant flowers during july3
consists of a single3
nearly an inch in3
of the most beautiful3
have to note two3
the individual flowers are3
often reaches a height3
the common whitlow grass3
in the corn field3
the leaves are not3
the leaves are oval3
smooth with the exception3
the removal of the3
easily distinguished from the3
of a reddish colour3
is abundant in the3
the corolla is tubular3
the lower ones are3
of a pale pink3
spreading lobes at the3
on account of their3
deeply divided into four3
plant varies from six3
the calyx and corolla3
more or less erect3
upper leaves are much3
appear in may and3
present chapter we shall3
thickets of most parts3
and some other plants3
may be observed in3
staminate catkins are pendulous3
of the following spring3
and of these we3
all the florets are3
flowers during august and3
within the tube of3
belonging to the same3
a height of two3
which are shorter than3
general characters of plants3
not so abundant as3
first species is the3
the teeth of the3
same length as the3
leaves are narrow and3
be identified at once3
half as long as3
pollination and fertilisation of3
same genus by the3
the red clover is3
either quite smooth or3
our trees and shrubs3
common in the south3
and the other with3
insects which visit the3
the other side of3
less tinged with purple3
is parasitic on the3
usually over an inch3
are of a yellowish3
nature of the soil3
itself by means of3
and the corolla consists3
arranged in a short3
nourishment from the roots3
plant is common on3
it is one of3
tapering towards the base3
those which do not3
the sepals are narrow3
the calyx is cleft3
the flowers are only3
flowers vary in colour3
become well established as3
trees or shrubs with3
eastern counties of england3
with very short stalks3
swollen at the nodes3
on the top of3
lower of which are3
or multiples of three3
are very small and3
which lie close against3
the fruits are oblong3
with one or two3
an inflorescence in which3
are made up of3
banks of rivers and3
the common red poppy3
recognised at once by3
the leaves are oblong3
herbs with opposite leaves3
and deeply divided into3
other plants of the3
the present chapter are3
slender than that of3
stalked in the axils3
in order that the3
hairs of the pappus3
from five to eight3
on the other side3
the plant is generally3
example of this order3
which bloom during july3
ten in the axils3
of which are very3
and wastes in spring3
from six to nine3
by means of tendrils3
and flowers from july3
about half way up3
top of the tube3
continue to bloom till3
leaves are oval or3
below the surface of3
forming a kind of3
the leaves on the3
half clasp the stem3
the lower of which3
is not the case3
the stem is a3
so abundant as to3
less tinged with red3
to half an inch3
but they are very3
dispersed by the wind3
is often confused with3
its stem is slender3
is a slender plant3
be found in almost3
a great deal of3
and the stigma is3
the forks of the3
plant is of a3
sepals and petals or3
the fruits of the3
at the base by3
that of the wild3
careful to distinguish between3
spur of the corolla3
are deeply cut into3
winter and early spring3
rather local in its3
or less common in3
flowers on the walls3
one or two seeds3
in winter or early3
is shorter than the3
height of four or3
the biting stonecrop or3
ovary of to carpels3
of which is the3
to twenty inches in3
to four inches long3
south and west of3
stamens opposite the petals3
the furze or gorse3
last example of this3
is enclosed in a3
the wall pennywort or3
the lower lobe of3
the banks of rivers3
plant is abundant in3
grow on the same3
perianth of or parts3
pairs in the axils3
abundant in marshes and3
the identification of the3
will do well to3
divided into five or3
be identified by the3
woody nightshade or bittersweet3
the calyx is bell3
longer than the other3
in such abundance as3
stems are erect and3
made up of a3
fruit consists of four3
represented on plate v3
three to ten inches3
the general form of3
are only about a3
leaves with parallel veins3
radiate from one point3
similar species of the3
long as the leaves3
more or less covered3
we have to deal3
the small white flowers3
of the involucre are3
to about the same3
to the last species3
bloom from march to3
may be seen on3
white flowers are in3
on the side of3
the great hairy willow3
generally more or less3
of the secondary umbels3
about three or four3
be found in the3
sides of the stem3
four inches to a3
the fruits are very3
is much more common3
i want to show3
only two or three3
are three or four3
to twelve inches long3
of a glaucous green3
and the flowers appear3
compensated for by the3
the mouth of the3
and thickets in summer3
the capture of the3
common on banks and3
to six feet high3
of the west of3
of the fruit are3
be seen in the3
pepper or biting persicaria3
at once by reference3
flowers in june and3
calyx is cleft into3
two or three times3
and wet places in3
stalked along a common3
the nature of its3
the yarrow or milfoil3
long as the ovary3
constricted between the seeds3
the ground with its3
to ten in the3
more slender than that3
stems from one to3
a very common flower3
is a cluster of3
their food from the3
grows in marshes and3
small white flowers are3
leaves are very variable3
that of the last3
the result is that3
the calyx adheres to3
the flowers vary in3
brought in contact with3
we see that it3
of two of the3
fruit a capsule with3
flower is shown on3
inch to an inch3
a cluster of flowers3
placed singly in the3
there are only two3
stonecrop or wall pepper3
parts of england and3
surface of the ground3
the henbit dead nettle3
tube and five spreading3
or five in number3
in clusters of two3
our first species is3
the manner in which3
two inches in diameter3
the leaves are divided3
marshes and other wet3
trees and shrubs of3
a number of species3
of the present year3
but the outer ones3
the plant is a3
on one side of3
those of the red3
it should be mentioned3
males and females being3
the lower leaves have3
flowers may be seen3
mature in march or3
limestone districts of the3
flowers are in loose3
it has been observed3
commences to flower in3
deeply cleft into two3
in pairs in the3
and the stamens are3
abundant in the south3
flowers are about half3
more or less deeply3
the common water dropwort3
the fact that the3
the tip of each3
and west of england3
there are ten stamens3
are destined to produce3
same as that of3
hairs that lie close3
the water pepper or3
identified at once by3
flower in many parts3
enclosed in the persistent3
of the crimson clover3
and the outer ones3
flowering during april and3
a number of little3
by those who are3
vary in colour from3
spring flowers of the3
tree throughout the winter3
the pollination and fertilisation3
is due to the3
the leaves and flowers3
are distinguished by their3
representative of its order3
often reaches a length3
it is very much3
bloom till the end3
of a bright rose3
are in two pairs3
flowers bloom during june3
length of the calyx3
the petals are notched3
among the undergrowth of3
grows to about the3
is found only in3
flowers are only a3
but those of the3
by a pappus of3
and a whorl of3
the star of bethlehem3
and the inner ones3
divided into two lips3
arranged in opposite pairs3
flowers are pale purple3
to note several species3
trees in winter or3
this is a very3
whole plant is of3
the south and west3
over a foot in3
especially in the west3
to be found chiefly3
to ten inches in3
the plant grows from3
a perianth of five3
the flowers are bright3
simple or slightly branched3
few inches to two3
similar to that of3
biting stonecrop or wall3
centre of the blossom3
as a garden escape3
there are five stamens3
with only one seed3
shorter than the ovary3
three or five narrow3
we have first to3
which bloom from july3
the white or opium3
introduced into our country3
whole plant is clothed3
and the leaves have3
the centre of each3
with a milky juice3
distinguished from the other3
autumn in the woods3
receptacle of the flower3
flowers bloom from june3
give rise to the3
early field scorpion grass3
we have the common3
so are the stems3
to their habitats and3
is abundant on the3
to determine the natural3
inflorescence in which the3
are about a third3
very common flower of3
flowering from march to3
united by their filaments3
are arranged in whorls3
is from one to3
especially along the banks3
of england and ireland3
the seeds of the3
of england and scotland3
the month of june3
white flowers are arranged3
it is often seen3
i do not think3
upper end of the3
surrounded by an involucre3
and the fruit consists3
but may be easily3
portion of the plant3
consisting of a globular3
about an eighth of3
the stigma of the3
the main stem is3
leaves are shortly stalked3
six to twenty inches3
flowering at the same3
the dry pastures of3
roots at the nodes3
are arranged in long3
grows from twelve to3
bracts of the involucre3
than an inch in3
of the wild rose3
the smooth heath bedstraw3
have to deal with3
two inches in length3
activity of the roots3
at the tip of3
adheres to the ovary3
few inches to a3
in may or june3
such abundance as to3
are of a bluish3
the woody nightshade or3
usually from one to3
this being the case3
want to show you3
the anthers and the3
bell heather or fine3
and are of a3
the garden beaked parsley3
this species may be3
means by which the3
round which it can3
three to twelve inches3
shown on plate ii3
and illustrations in the3
is difficult to understand3
found only in the3
and has now become3
is a very different3
sepals and petals are3
from half an inch3
of this species is3
blooms from june to3
centre of the flower3
the petals of the3
tips of the branches3
it is sometimes regarded3
the upper surface of3
the cow parsnip or3
is so well known3
splits into two valves3
to eight feet high3
the first being the3
we occasionally meet with3
once by reference to3
species flowers during july3
with a milky sap3
heads of flowers are3
the flowers are smaller3
less than an inch3
on a common receptacle3
while the others are3
parasitic on the roots3
six to nine inches3
base of the stalk3
than an inch long3
the sepals are spreading3
we must be careful3
into the substance of3
to be found principally3
stem from two to3
singly in the axils3
it is a prostrate3
there are three british3
three to six feet3
suckers from its roots3
local in its distribution3
may be seen from3
which it can twine3
plant is covered with3
with from three to3
be noted whether the3
long as the tube3
we take first the3
the peculiar arrangement of3
sessile or shortly stalked3
arranged in a long3
in the axil of3
under the upper lip3
it has a very3
growing from six to3
or more in length3
of flowering is july3
the flowers bloom from3
by reference to our3
the flowers are perfect3
of the young leaves3
while the lower is3
opposite sides of the3
belongs to the same3
but its flowers are3
they are divided into3
before attempting to identify3
clusters in the axils3
found in similar situations3
is easily distinguished from3
and the ovary is3
the name of the3
more or less enclosed3
in april or may3
end of the stem3
to the stem of3
one of our earliest3
a more or less3
not at all common3
upper ones sessile and3
abruptly in a sharp3
our next flower is3
the flowers are solitary3
about the same height3
some distance below the3
and female flowers are3
perianth of five segments3
about the end of3
the three species referred3
the female catkins are3
the sepals and petals3
few inches to three3
ovary that ripens to3
the young leaves of3
common in marshes and3
the roots of trees3
arranged in a corymb3
smaller than those of3
from four inches to3
the plant is very3
from six to twenty3
vary from one to3
more especially in the3
and thickets in spring3
on heaths and downs3
it is much more3
by an involucre of3
with coloured plates and3
the following features in3
plant is clothed with3
fruit is a capsule3
is common in most3
an inch to an3
it has a stout3
to over a foot3
cow parsnip or hogweed3
and the leaflets are3
is longer than the3
at the time of3
we commonly meet with3
the structure of the3
it is not indigenous3
food from the roots3
be distinguished by the3
or more or less3
a yellowish green colour3
other side of the3
a height of three3
the common meadow rue3
a height of fifteen3
its radical leaves are3
to get rid of3
the top of a3
each blossom has five3
stems from six inches3
often in such abundance3
of the corolla are3
the involucre consists of3
of each secondary umbel3
appendage in the notch3
have first to note3
flowers grow on the3
three or four in3
the gold of pleasure3
three or four times3
distance below the flower3
or less covered with3
a deep green colour3
the west of england3
pinnate leaves with from3
in which case the3
the crimson clover is3
are covered with a3
the leaves are all3
and are mature in3
early in the season3
three or five lobes3
of a compound leaf3
patch at the base3
are larger than those3
longitudinal section through the3
it varies from six3
should be noted that3
the roots of grasses3
to the surface of3
especially near the sea3
base of the tube3
much larger than the3
from april to august3
the same genus we3
lower leaves are ovate3
flowers of the field3
may be identified at3
its leaves are very3
or in clusters of3
and the arrangement of3
to three inches in3
terminate in a sharp3
the spike of flowers3
according to their habitats3
very variable in form3
in march or april3
is a very pretty3
with more or less3
placed in the same3
is moderately common on3
shown on plate iii3
the umbels are terminal3
from the same point3
which are very small3
a deep red colour3
branched stem from one3
vary very considerably in3
in the tube of3
leaves are much like3
flowers have five sepals3
flowers of the farm3
often reaching a height3
it is a small3
corolla has a long3
when the fruit is3
than that of the3
been introduced into britain3
the plants to which3
are very similar in3
the male catkins are3
and the small corolla3
very deeply divided into3
of a deep green3
three species referred to3
of streams and ditches3
is one of our3
the principal forms of3
is a very abundant3
our earliest spring flowers3
times as long as3
a glaucous green colour3
the same colour as3
which is divided into3
those of the disc3
be recognised at once3
water pepper or biting3
nearly all parts of3
and the stipules are3
united into a tube3
four or five inches3
in the woods of3
a calyx of five3
the same form as3
our flowering plants are3
consists of several rows3
pappus consists of a3
enable the reader to3
representatives of the order3
the common mat grass3
stamens are in two3
a pair of leaves3
it varies from one3
calyx is deeply divided3
of the commonest of3
half an inch across3
with a granulated surface3
its leaves are pinnately3
leaves are very small3
following features in common3
is a native of3
result is that the3
easily distinguished from other3
in this species the3
blooming from may to3
the sweet milk vetch3
solitary or in pairs3
in company with the3
the fruit is smooth3
young leaves of the3
ray and yellow disc3
the plant is erect3
and the florets of3
manner that they form3
it is represented on3
six feet or more3
two feet or more3
the spur of the3
the axil of a3
species of the order3
the most beautiful of3
are of a dull3
the stigma of another3
height of one or3
the first foliage leaves3
from june to the3
slits near the base3
be easily distinguished from3
the fruits are smooth3
in the wrong place3
this is a common3
they do not grow3
the bell heather or3
or three feet long3
fruit is a large3
short stalks in the3
and continue to bloom3
a height of one3
are deeply divided into3
only about a sixth3
of the stem is3
both stamens and pistil3
the present chapter we3
occasionally meet with the3
the leaves are compound3
is not really a3
at the foot of3
the plant varies from3
general characters of the3
as well as by3
transfer of pollen from3
in the identification of3
winter or early spring3
reference to our illustration3
a branched stem from3
ripens to a capsule3
the lipped corolla is3
seen in flower from3
of a deep rose3
often so abundant as3
is common in wet3
it is a beautiful3
clusters of from two3
on the downs of3
at once by its3
in thickets and other3
shown on plate viii3
will enable the reader3
but may be distinguished3
are divided into three3
throat of the corolla3
spot in the centre3
common on heaths and3
three times as long3
flowers in may and3
and the whole plant3
in the angles of3
that are more or3
and grows from one3
flowers are about an3
nearly as long as3
is a small plant3
is not nearly so3
of two feet or3
attempting to identify the3
of a composite flower3
the red valerian are3
shown in our illustration3
agree in the following3
whorls in the axils3
wall pennywort or navelwort3
appears on plate vi3
of several rows of3
white ray and yellow3
a height of four3
that bloom from june3
its leaves are sessile3
and fertilisation of flowers3
the filaments of the3
both male and female3
cut into five lobes3
the tree throughout the3
to bloom during the3
two to ten inches3
whorl of a complete3
spur at the base3
the result that the3
in fields and pastures3
white or opium poppy3
species flowers during may3
half an inch to3
direct from the root3
all of which are3
this plant is very3
an eighth of an3
of a dark purple3
is much like the3
while the upper are3
florets of a composite3
abundant in most parts3
are either solitary or3
varies from two to3
are mature in march3
and flowers from april3
either simple or branched3
pods are smooth and3
terminate abruptly in a3
the general features of3
than a foot high2
in a short raceme2
very common at willow2
a corolla of five2
of heaths and moors2
by which the seeds2
under side of the2
deeply cut into narrow2
of a deep yellow2
growing to a height2
long as the corolla2
the ordinary foliage leaves2
has been observed that2
of flowering is august2
the early field scorpion2
on the upper side2
containing a single seed2
in the fields of2
grow in thickets and2
is not a native2
of the spring flowers2
is a little plant2
than half the length2
rough with stiff hairs2
flowers bloom during july2
flowers of which are2
ovary which ripens to2
flowers are bright blue2
applied to a flower2
and clasping the stem2
a plant of a2
produce new plants at2
considerable number of summer2
calyx has five equal2
the fruits are long2
we are able to2
which we shall see2
crowned by the five2
that are covered with2
five feet in height2
side of the drive2
peals off changed to2
the stems are thickly2
plant is very common2
these we will first2
and the anthers are2
synopsis of the natural2
very common in some2
arranged in compound umbels2
a very common hedgerow2
that are to be2
after the pollen has2
flowers of the wayside2
to which they belong2
which are described in2
as a group by2
by means of a2
plants of the wayside2
though you may not2
one of the flowers2
it is a tufted2
the slender false brome2
setting free seeds which2
destined to produce leafy2
rough on the edges2
leaves have long stalks2
the latter case it2
surrounded by two or2
in this way the2
a dense mass of2
the leaves grow in2
of a bright blue2
has now become naturalised2
there are many other2
very abundant in the2
a very pale colour2
and may be identified2
to note a few2
carpels of the fruit2
which is very much2
is much more slender2
an erect stem from2
very small and inconspicuous2
with a pair of2
under the name of2
the agency of the2
wastes of the south2
and the young botanist2
how are we to2
still attached to the2
and the lip of2
each blossom is a2
corolla of a flower2
covered with soft hairs2
simply trail along the2
is a similar plant2
fruit a berry or2
but is not nearly2
of the soil is2
that you do not2
consists of a few2
a dark purple colour2
very narrow segments which2
less than half an2
leaves and the arrangement2
that some of the2
of britain and ireland2
reaching a foot in2
tapering towards the bottom2
species also flowers from2
not only a parasite2
the latter is a2
flowers appear during may2
and the lateral ones2
in the following spring2
the little starlike flowers2
all parts of great2
of a reddish purple2
divided into several lobes2
leaves are very crowded2
grows abundantly in most2
now become well established2
a very local plant2
and southern counties of2
and the whole is2
the perianth is enlarged2
is common in fields2
and of a pale2
the herb bennet or2
to be met with2
more prominent than the2
the leaves are rough2
in wastes and by2
plates and illustrations in2
of the five lobes2
the calyx are narrow2
the lengths of the2
plant in dry pastures2
a slender plant with2
of the most familiar2
with leaflets divided into2
of a dull yellow2
has now become established2
in the persistent calyx2
with which it is2
it advisable to call2
other grasses in the2
usually more than an2
to distinguish between them2
is a common species2
it has already been2
the spring flowers of2
plant blooms from june2
lipped corolla is of2
crimson clover is an2
a plant which has2
of a few white2
smaller towards the top2
flower is such that2
turned back on the2
not continued down the2
twining to the right2
of each blossom are2
the male flowers have2
is then said to2
from the axil of2
the anthers of the2
so familiar to us2
the flower is such2
same form as the2
and the sheaths of2
of this chapter is2
found on waste ground2
a photograph of a2
the end of june2
are very common by2
four in the axils2
and of a reddish2
applied to the calyx2
the fruit and seed2
root with two undivided2
are divided into several2
part of the pistil2
belong to the same2
with three spreading lobes2
those of the primrose2
is not only a2
with erect spikelets of2
be seen that the2
the trees and shrubs2
shrubs with alternate leaves2
should be mentioned that2
palmately divided into three2
the fruit is oval2
it is a stout2
with the stigma of2
the majority of the2
at the side of2
from three to four2
we deal first with2
goes deep into the2
close over the fruit2
leaves are much smaller2
leafy raceme of large2
most parts of great2
each flower of the2
bracts about as long2
in dry pastures and2
also flowers from may2
a large proportion of2
sometimes confused with the2
pistil and no stamens2
produced on separate trees2
is a somewhat similar2
with a few teeth2
is from july to2
grasses in the field2
green colouring matter of2
those of the dandelion2
upper surface of the2
with stem from six2
or multiples of four2
surface of the soil2
by the upward growth2
six to eight in2
a slender stem that2
a capsule containing many2
stored for the winter2
enlarged and close over2
parts of the plant2
those of the sycamore2
grows from four to2
is also common in2
branching stems varying from2
most beautiful of the2
are three in number2
a very unpleasant odour2
fruit is ripe the2
the five carpels separate2
as we have seen2
the pistillate catkins are2
it is clear that2
of the wayside and2
spreading tuft of radical2
sessile or seated on2
the pistil consists of2
the flowers have a2
so much branched that2
stamens are attached to2
are much larger than2
common plant on the2
shorter than the flowers2
a quarter to half2
pinnately divided into narrow2
now look at the2
to the requirements of2
which visit the flowers2
of furze and broom2
each pair are united2
fruit is a little2
of some other plants2
is a member of2
in threes or multiples2
field to face p2
the calyx is downy2
as the observation of2
the flowers are blue2
stamens attached to the2
the leaves are almost2
with ten ribs and2
it may be distinguished2
is a tufted plant2
and arranged in corymbs2
made up of several2
to flower in march2
are very attractive to2
very variable in colour2
the branches of the2
of our wild flowers2
the spur of a2
easily recognised by their2
two of which are2
southern counties of britain2
suckers which penetrate into2
the range of the2
more or less by2
yellow flowers of the2
of which are larger2
roots of furze and2
as we see in2
florets in the centre2
or five narrow lobes2
as an escape from2
on the borders of2
stamens are united to2
composite flowers is the2
places in spring the2
in all directions for2
stem is not winged2
change in the nature2
the most interesting of2
close to the stem2
of the wayside is2
are mature before the2
intermixed with the little2
but it is often2
very considerably in shape2
as to bring all2
usually from twelve to2
is common on banks2
in such abundance that2
and that is the2
by the approach of2
in almost sessile umbels2
white flowers that bloom2
lower leaves are broader2
a little later in2
a rather rare plant2
flowers are in terminal2
from the latter by2
as well as a2
a fruit of four2
yellow or white flowers2
divided into two lobes2
more or less clothed2
known collectively as the2
and produce new plants2
is erect on the2
is occasionally met with2
the root of the2
in this way they2
requirements of the plant2
presence of one or2
is of a very2
attains a length of2
that many of the2
by the shape of2
same genus we should2
the ovules have been2
pastures all over britain2
all the flowers to2
may or early june2
viewed from a distance2
to five feet in2
are oblong or very2
in his attempts to2
all through the summer2
the wayside and waste2
decumbent at the base2
attached to its seed2
to their orders and2
four or five in2
five of which are2
a spot of darker2
are particularly partial to2
plants of the order2
are smooth and glossy2
few scattered hairs on2
white flowers in july2
largely cultivated for its2
and is to be2
of a bluish purple2
over the neighbouring plants2
in both species the2
covered with cottony hairs2
or four feet high2
ourselves acquainted with the2
often be seen in2
it is a little2
large clusters of small2
during the same months2
a very graceful plant2
of the previous year2
of this tree are2
fruit is a broad2
ovary that ripens into2
colouring matter of plants2
the most handsome of2
has a short tube2
coarsely toothed or deeply2
a few composite flowers2
grow from a short2
chalk and limestone districts2
so short that the2
an inch or less2
a considerable amount of2
stems increase in thickness2
abundant on downs and2
are arranged in dense2
five or six flowers2
members of this genus2
flowers are always imperfect2
the five petals are2
it will thus be2
in the place of2
the presence of five2
they appear before the2
whole plant is rough2
of the rose order2
very common in hedges2
therefore said to be2
enlarged upper part of2
of which the two2
with very small teeth2
the maximum of light2
of the poppy have2
with two undivided tubers2
protrude well out of2
toothed at the base2
a relation of the2
and midland counties of2
its leaves are large2
be found on chalky2
except in the extreme2
and the lower petal2
greatly aided by the2
in the persistent perianth2
of our wild plants2
the whole process may2
regards the form of2
calyx is divided to2
some of these are2
flowers throughout the summer2
the roofs of country2
the stamens are united2
a calyx of four2
of the leaves of2
in moist woods and2
whorls of from four2
various forms of simple2
clothed with spreading hairs2
that lie close against2
those upon the wall2
flowers appear during august2
are folded like a2
variety of the last2
about three quarters of2
particularly partial to chalk2
and the pinnate leaves2
order to which it2
leaves are alternately arranged2
from twenty to thirty2
under the influence of2
the plant reaches a2
there is a pair2
divided into four very2
it should also be2
is often called the2
the base into the2
much branched that they2
with its segments turned2
pollen cells throwing out2
grows on a stalk2
lie close on the2
flowers are collected into2
the alternate leaves are2
are divided into two2
surrounded at the base2
raceme of from six2
are five in number2
common on the downs2
on the roofs of2
of these we will2
and shrubs of woods2
from four to twelve2
united in such a2
pappus consists of several2
has been found that2
erect flowering branches from2
are united in pairs2
sticky secretion of the2
or four times as2
in the formation of2
it has a long2
shorter than the corolla2
tips of the twigs2
with opposite or whorled2
transversely into two hemispheres2
about the same size2
of the borage family2
a half to three2
joined together to form2
all attached to a2
from five to ten2
ovule in each cell2
after the appearance of2
flowering in august and2
the flower is shown2
to form their spirals2
and are about half2
arranged in umbels of2
this plant varies from2
four times as long2
while the other two2
in all parts of2
to be found among2
buds that are destined2
flowers are smaller than2
the flower has three2
to note the general2
and the small white2
with two or three2
the leaf of the2
of the following year2
the flowers that grow2
a raceme of flowers2
is somewhat difficult for2
florets of each head2
dark spot in the2
are ovate or cordate2
divided into five segments2
pointing more or less2
parts of britain we2
in similar situations we2
it appears certain that2
the former is an2
the tubes of the2
small bracts at the2
surface of the leaves2
with a creeping stock2
that they are easily2
the middle one of2
more or less green2
plant is rough with2
a height of six2
smaller towards the base2
and is very common2
the flower or blossom2
is known as the2
of which is divided2
the support of the2
the activity of the2
with a tap root2
it is common in2
meet with the beautiful2
those of the upper2
the florets are all2
in copses and thickets2
the second species is2
is the pretty little2
are narrow and sessile2
similar plants of the2
abundant on the dry2
divided to about the2
on which it grows2
fruit is surmounted by2
the receptacle of the2
it is a downy2
and half clasp the2
on the outskirts of2
the fruits are short2
abundant in wet places2
fruit is an ovate2
present chapter are to2
plant is generally smooth2
several rows of overlapping2
we have two species2
we will look at2
the ground beneath the2
this plant is sometimes2
essentially a plant of2
more or less downy2
with white ray and2
secondary umbel are perfect2
flowers are in racemes2
to the base into2
flowering in may and2
order to distinguish it2
is a tuft of2
met with on the2
important to the farmer2
of each pair are2
segments which are either2
the scales of the2
but often very abundant2
to four pairs of2
part of the plant2
in which they are2
of six feet or2
of south britain we2
spikes which are shorter2
that supports itself by2
as a distinct species2
catkins droop as they2
colour from white to2
bracts at its base2
is either erect or2
such as we see2
of the stamens and2
sends out a filament2
a portion of the2
the wonderful variety of2
means of which they2
there is a little2
we come to the2
fifth of an inch2
and the receptacle is2
dug out of the2
same direction as the2
into the spur of2
quite free in the2
into three short lobes2
note several species of2
applied to simple leaves2
leaves are deeply cut2
when the epidermis is2
but its stem is2
twice as many stamens2
herbs with a milky2
leaves are dark green2
heads of small flowers2
by a perianth of2
in the tubes of2
the smallest of which2
well known that a2
thus be seen that2
perhaps the most interesting2
has the same number2
plant is shown on2
notched at the top2
deeply cut into five2
with a number of2
of south and east2
the lower one prolonged2
hairs on the flower2
abundant as the other2
is a common shrub2
is about a quarter2
but is not so2
plant fail to reach2
usually less than half2
form the upper lip2
from ten to twenty2
it was formerly cultivated2
winged fruits which are2
over an inch long2
and the pistillate ones2
are of a reddish2
single head of flowers2
petals are of a2
characteristic of the order2
flowers that appear in2
abundant in all parts2
by slits near the2
the plant is from2
more or less distinct2
in a globular head2
terminal and axillary stalks2
stem that gives off2
central membrane to which2
prolonged into a spur2
has its stamens at2
five shorter than the2
to be almost white2
of a purple colour2
varying from six to2
and among the undergrowth2
it would hardly be2
blossoms of the wallflower2
of a yellowish white2