Distant Reader - subject-war-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-25 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 16 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 239,523 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 14,970 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 92. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

will, may, power, men, god, king, yet, one, shall, non, great, many, good, roman, now, though, much, like, man, first, make, people, must, warre, doe, time, well, might, owne, also, text, haue, bee, kings, souldiers, say, made, doth, let, life, without, therefore, us, parliament, onely, doctor, peace, take, english, even

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Scripture and reason pleaded for defensive armes: or The whole controversie about subjects taking up armes Wherein besides other pamphlets, an answer is punctually directed to Dr. Fernes booke, entituled, Resolving of conscience, &c. The scriptures alleadged are fully satisfied. The rationall discourses are weighed in the ballance of right reason. Matters of fact concerning the present differences, are examined. Published by divers reverend and learned divines. It is this fourteenth day of Aprill, 1643. ordered by the Committee of the House of Commons in Parliament concerning printing, that this booke, entituled Scripture and reason pleaded for defensive armes, be printed by Iohn Bellamy and Ralph Smith. John White., Foure paradoxes, or politique discourses 2 concerning militarie discipline, written long since by Thomas Digges Esquire. 2 of the worthinesse of warre and warriors, by Dudly Digges, his sonne. All newly published to keepe those that will read them, as they did them that wrote them, from idlenesse., and A vindication of Dr. Hammonds addresse &c. from the exceptions of Eutactus Philodemius, in two particulars concerning [brace] the power supposed in the Jew over his owne freedom, the no-power over a mans own life ; together with a briefe reply to Mr. Iohn Goodwins Gbeisodikai, as far as concernes Dr. Hammond..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

roman non, early english, english books, books online, martiall discipline, page images, much lesse, text creation, creation partnership, subvert religion, doctor hammond, higher power, may bee, let us, haue beene, take away, many times, majesties ships, every one, gods ordinance, sir iohn, must needs, textual changes, markup reviewed, creative commons, bit group, encoded text, image set, text transcribed, tiff page, tcp assigned, work described, proquest page, batch review, iv tiff, encoded edition, commercial purposes, financial support, without asking, images scanned, asking permission, online text, providing financial, image sets, characters represented, institutions providing, tcp schema, pfs batch, represented either, xml conversion

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Instructions to a painter for the drawing of the posture & progress of His Ma[jes]ties forces at sea, under the command of His Highness Royal together with the battel & victory obtained over the Dutch, June 3, 1665 / by Edm. Waller, Esq. Instructions to a painter for the drawing of a picture of the state and posture of the English forces at sea, under the command of His Royal Highness in the conclusion of the year 1664, and Sir Walter Rawleighs judicious and select essayes and observations upon the first invention of shipping, invasive war, the Navy Royal and sea-service : with his apologie for his voyage to Guiana..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

king, god, warre, tcp, english, doctor, souldiers, roman, parliament, land, sea, princes, prince, popes, people, peace, man, like, kingdome, haue, great, empire, armes, warres, walter, treasure, thy, thomason, thing, thee, text, tei, states, state, spaniards, sir, ships, river, religion, prelates, power, petitioners, ordnance, officer, non, navy, nature, nations, nation, myne

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be power, and A proud and blasphemous cahllenge [sic] given out in denuntiation of warre, by Amurath the great Turk, against all Christendome Coming with an army of 1600000. men. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

power, men, man, people, time, kings, life, souldiers, peace, hath, reason, part, others, way, place, text, things, case, cause, thing, resistance, death, owne, times, words, nothing, doth, world, enemies, t, warres, name, farre, religion, selfe, hee, end, hand, word, ▪, necessity, force, hands, none, violence, ships, defence, conscience, discipline, honour

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, have, are, was, were, had, did, make, being, been, say, made, let, take, said, know, set, do, done, see, bee, resist, hath, come, having, put, according, give, taken, given, haue, doe, found, thinke, thought, brought, defend, sent, am, makes, came, find, call, suffer, resisting, resisted, used, bring, fight

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, king, 〉, ◊, 〈, hath, warre, parliament, doe, doctor, ●, lawes, prince, c., law, armes, haue, thou, tcp, princes, english, bee, text, lord, owne, gods, martiall, kingdome, sea, england, e., dr., state, de, lib, generall, yea, sir, land, christians, liberties, war, religion, master, beene, laws, wee, captaine, spaniards, france

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, their, they, i, he, them, our, him, we, my, you, her, your, me, us, themselves, thy, himself, thee, she, its, theirs, mine, ours, vp, one, yours, ye, vnto, heav''n, ''s, thyself, thou, py''d, ourselves, non, imploymēt, hers, giu''st, bs, au

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, many, great, non, roman, -, good, more, true, first, same, much, own, most, little, whole, better, last, able, least, greater, common, new, like, second, due, free, former, english, best, necessary, early, few, lawfull, honourable, present, particular, high, small, old, worthy, sufficient, very, himselfe, strong, right, long, higher, greatest

not, so, then, more, now, as, also, yet, well, therefore, onely, most, even, thus, up, much, rather, only, out, here, very, first, there, away, never, too, still, ever, all, indeed, before, else, once, together, long, in, at, thereby, otherwise, just, no, further, far, thereof, forth, off, secondly, perhaps, easily, enough

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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