Distant Reader - subject-religion-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 24 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,750,380 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 72,932 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 90. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, will, one, may, christ, yet, shall, de, church, man, first, men, us, must, great, also, things, world, good, many, time, therefore, much, now, religion, without, made, well, see, reason, nature, true, make, love, life, called, law, say, self, though, others, every, divine, part, learned, day, soul, onely, holy, faith

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Polpoikilos sophia, a compleat history or survey of all the dispensations and methods of religion, from the beginning of the world to the consummation of all things, as represented in the Old and New Testament shewing the several reasons and designs of those different administrations, and the wisdom and goodness of God in the government of His church, through all the ages of it : in which also, the opinion of Dr. Spencer concerning the Jewish rites and sacrifices is examin''d, and the certainty of the Christian religion demonstrated against the cavils of the Deists, &c. / by John Edwards ..., The epistles of Jacob Behmen, aliter, Teutonicus philosophus very usefull and necessary for those that read his vvritings, and are very full of excellent and plaine instructions how to attaine to the life of Christ / translated out of the German language., and An elegant and learned discourse of the light of nature, with several other treatises Nathanael Culverwel ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

holy ghost, new testament, jesus christ, let us, one another, must needs, every one, old testament, tells us, christian religion, thousand years, catholick church, learned men, every thing, plura ibid, vide plura, english books, early english, book de, may see, visible church, holy spirit, anno dom, tell us, books online, learned man, nothing else, god will, every man, take notice, pure love, high priest, may bee, good works, holy scripture, many things, whole world, particular church, divine providence, every day, true god, christ jesus, will make, virgin mary, man may, set forth, take away, lords supper, de script, latine tongue

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Polpoikilos sophia, a compleat history or survey of all the dispensations and methods of religion, from the beginning of the world to the consummation of all things, as represented in the Old and New Testament shewing the several reasons and designs of those different administrations, and the wisdom and goodness of God in the government of His church, through all the ages of it : in which also, the opinion of Dr. Spencer concerning the Jewish rites and sacrifices is examin''d, and the certainty of the Christian religion demonstrated against the cavils of the Deists, &c. / by John Edwards ... A treatise of liturgies, power of the keyes, and of matter of the visible church. In answer to the reverend servant of Christ, Mr. John Ball. By Thomas Shephard, sometimes fellow of Emanuel-Colledge in Cambridge, and late pastour of Cambridge in New-England., and Proposals for the furtherance and propagation of the gospel in this nation. As the same were hubly presented to the Honourable Committee of Parliament by divers ministers of the gospell, and others. As also, some principles of Christian religion, without the beliefe of which, the Scriptures doe plainly and clearly affirme, salvation is not to be obtained. Which were also presented in explanation of one of the said proposals..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, church, lord, spirit, scripture, religion, reason, christ, nature, world, faith, man, life, law, gospel, earth, divine, sun, nations, gods, father, christian, book, body, soul, son, men, laws, doctrine, angels, testament, temple, tcp, sect, sea, saviour, power, pope, philosophy, new, matter, king, jews, image, holy, hath, grace, divinity, churches, chap

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and A treatise of liturgies, power of the keyes, and of matter of the visible church. In answer to the reverend servant of Christ, Mr. John Ball. By Thomas Shephard, sometimes fellow of Emanuel-Colledge in Cambridge, and late pastour of Cambridge in New-England. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

man, things, men, time, others, reason, part, self, thing, day, religion, t, life, hath, way, nothing, body, people, power, place, nature, soul, ad, light, words, love, world, works, ▪, death, faith, name, order, truth, manner, p., heart, one, knowledge, end, times, years, word, parts, scripture, none, souls, grace, hand, sin

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, were, have, had, do, being, made, see, did, make, called, say, been, said, know, come, give, learned, take, let, according, think, hath, set, put, has, given, concerning, speak, done, written, am, read, having, taken, does, believe, found, came, call, used, makes, brought, shew, thought, ''s, find

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, god, christ, de, church, c., l., ●, world, law, hath, lord, divine, est, heaven, spirit, christian, holy, gospel, thou, iohn, christians, wee, nature, earth, gods, religion, sun, book, man, cum, faith, father, king, bishop, anno, qui, covenant, new, men, vir, pope, à, paul, saviour, a., iews, q.

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, he, his, their, i, them, we, you, him, our, us, my, your, its, himself, me, her, themselves, she, thy, thee, one, theirs, ''s, ours, mine, yours, itself, herself, ye, †, whereof, quo, l, ourselves, vp, s, ''em, hers, ‖, us''d, non, gods, diu, ●, ts, hic, hey, elias

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, such, great, many, same, own, first, good, true, more, much, whole, particular, little, last, new, several, common, certain, holy, natural, second, old, least, most, greater, very, present, famous, full, pure, former, able, high, false, necessary, visible, better, free, learned, saith, best, general, right, perfect, third, divine, excellent, dead, ancient

not, so, then, also, more, therefore, very, now, as, most, yet, up, only, thus, well, onely, here, out, first, much, even, never, there, too, ever, together, indeed, all, rather, again, before, far, down, away, forth, in, that, still, no, is, off, thereof, else, long, especially, sometimes, at, likewise, often, once

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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