Distant Reader - subject-quakers-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 101 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 984,650 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 9,749 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 93. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, christ, lord, will, us, light, one, man, spirit, may, shall, people, now, men, say, things, life, yet, truth, many, text, know, come, true, made, without, therefore, sin, world, power, good, doth, time, tcp, word, faith, day, words, quakers, also, great, see, called, art, scripture, ever, every, love, must, jesus

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Truth''s defence against the refined subtilty of the serpent held forth in divers answers to severall queries made by men (called ministers) in the North. Given forth by the light and power of God appearing in George Fox and Richard Hubberthorn, A just defence and vindication of Gospel ministers and Gospel ordinances against the Quakers many false accusations, slanders and reproaches. In ansvver to John Horwood his letter, and E.B. his book, called, A just and lawful tryal of the ministers and teachers of this age, and several others. Proving the ministers calling and maintenance just and lawful, and the doctrine of perfection by free justification, preached by them, agreeable to the scriptures. VVith the Quakers objections answered. And the Quakers perfection by hearkning to, and obeying a light within them, proved contrary to the scriptures. And their practices in ten particulars proved contrary to the commands and examples of Christ and his apostles. By a lover of gospel ministers and gospel ordinances., and The true Christ owned as he is, true God and perfect man containing an answer to a late pamphlet having this title The Quakers creed concerning the man Christ Jesus &c. writ by a nameless author : which pamphlet containeth many gross lies and wilful perversions beside some other great mistakes occasioned by the author his ignorance and blindness / by George Keith..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

jesus christ, early english, english books, books online, christ jesus, text creation, creation partnership, page images, holy ghost, early works, every one, light within, lord jesus, called quakers, every man, made manifest, image sets, represented either, characters represented, tcp schema, lord god, take heed, may see, man christ, without asking, encoded edition, bit group, markup reviewed, online text, asking permission, commercial purposes, text transcribed, batch review, providing financial, iv tiff, proquest page, tcp assigned, work described, image set, false prophets, pfs batch, xml conversion, creative commons, institutions providing, tiff page, encoded text, financial support, images scanned, will never, people called

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The Quaker converted; or the experimental knowledg of Jesus Christ crucified, in opposition to the principles of the Quakers, declared in a narrative of the conversion of one in Hartfordshire, who was for some years of their faith and principle, and inclined unto them. The manner how he was wrought off from them by the Lord. And several dealings of Christ with his spirit afterwards. With some things annexed for detection of their errors and delusions, and prevention of the growth thereof. Written by himself in his own words and phrases. Likewise an epistle dedicatory by W. Haworth, minister of the gospel at Hartford. The Christianity of the people commonly called Quakers, asserted. Being a brief account of their faith in relation to divers matters where-in their Christian belief is questioned. Published in behalf of the people of God called Quakers by some of them., and The true Christ owned as he is, true God and perfect man containing an answer to a late pamphlet having this title The Quakers creed concerning the man Christ Jesus &c. writ by a nameless author : which pamphlet containeth many gross lies and wilful perversions beside some other great mistakes occasioned by the author his ignorance and blindness / by George Keith..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, tcp, lord, christ, spirit, light, man, early, scripture, church, quakers, law, life, gospel, scriptures, power, friends, world, truth, people, holy, faith, word, thou, meeting, jesus, father, books, body, apostle, saints, richard, religion, quaker, ministers, letter, house, ghost, george, english, earth, brethren, answer, years, wizards, wisdom, william, thomas, testimony, teachers

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The principal controversies between the litteral presbyters of the Kirk of Scotland, and the illuminated members of the Church of Christ, called Quakers· Truly collected, stated and opened, in a particular reply (herein specified) for general information and undeceiving the deceived. By an earnest contender for the most holy faith, which was once delivered to the saints. G. W. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

light, man, people, things, men, time, truth, words, day, life, sin, text, thing, way, self, scriptures, scripture, works, power, work, world, hath, body, art, books, word, name, others, spirit, place, doth, heart, p., end, texts, faith, death, part, answ, love, none, thy, blood, nothing, selves, page, mind, glory, characters, nature

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, were, do, did, had, said, say, been, know, come, made, being, see, called, make, take, let, according, believe, given, give, hath, came, read, speak, done, deny, am, sent, set, go, put, encoded, known, having, answer, concerning, written, received, hear, live, call, prove, brought, found, think

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, christ, thou, lord, spirit, hath, tcp, jesus, c., quakers, church, law, man, john, holy, father, ye, hast, life, faith, gospel, world, 〉, word, light, text, son, truth, doctrine, heaven, power, ◊, english, 〈, book, eebo, england, g., tei, apostle, men, ministers, london, art, cor, w., friends, oxford, righteousness, george

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, he, his, i, you, they, them, their, we, him, your, our, my, us, thy, me, thee, her, himself, themselves, she, its, ye, theirs, mine, ours, one, yours, thou, vvhat, ''s, ''em, vvith, u, l, ●, yee, s, ourselves, herself, em, ch, †, whereof, us''d, ty, ti, thyself, stirr''d, pg

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, own, many, true, same, other, good, great, more, false, first, early, much, english, little, outward, holy, present, several, pure, manifest, last, evil, perfect, free, whole, old, wicked, available, general, high, spiritual, greater, second, new, contrary, least, full, doth, dear, saith, able, faithful, clear, poor, eternal, dead, few, carnal, large

not, so, then, now, up, therefore, also, ever, never, forth, as, here, yet, more, well, only, out, even, again, very, thus, down, in, there, much, most, away, first, all, together, too, indeed, thereof, still, far, early, truly, off, before, long, therein, onely, plainly, over, rather, online, just, no, above, often

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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