Distant Reader - subject-greatBritainReligion-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 65 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 550,181 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 8,464 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 90. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

will, may, god, church, one, us, men, yet, shall, great, now, text, good, must, man, much, many, religion, make, first, time, king, made, england, things, christ, well, without, lord, non, people, like, way, therefore, true, let, life, english, roman, might, every, spirit, say, world, doe, though, doth, take, also, hee

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The interest of England in the matter of religion the first and second parts : unfolded in the solution of three questions / written by John Corbet., Five discourses on so many very important points of practical religion by John Kettlewell ... ; with a preface giving some account of the author''s life., and Englands vanity or The Voice of God against the monstrous sin of pride, in dress and apparel wherein naked breasts and shoulders, antick and fantastick garbs, patches, and painting, long perriwigs, towers, bulls, shades, curlings, and crispings, with an hundred more fooleries of both sexes, are condemned as notiriously unlawful. With pertinent addresses to the court, nobility, gentry, city and country, directed especially to the professors in London / by a compassionate conformist..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

roman non, english books, early english, books online, page images, let us, textual changes, text creation, creation partnership, defects per, th century, great britain, must needs, batch review, work described, images scanned, providing financial, iv tiff, institutions providing, encoded edition, pfs batch, bit group, image set, encoded text, financial support, tiff page, markup reviewed, without asking, xml conversion, creative commons, tcp assigned, text transcribed, proquest page, asking permission, online text, commercial purposes, one another, british library, every man, computationally tractable, metadata enrichments, annotation includes, proofread approx, linguistically annotated, standard spellings, enrichments aim, based collaborative, includes standard, short title, title catalog

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The Geneva ballad To the tune of 48. The Geneva ballad. To the tune of 48., and A letter to Dr. Fowler vicar of St. Giles Cripplegate in answer to his late vindicatory preface by William Newbery & William Edmvnds..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

church, king, god, tcp, lord, england, religion, roman, bishops, bishop, world, spirit, saviour, sacrament, prince, people, papists, man, majesty, london, laws, kingdome, english, early, churches, christian, christ, word, text, state, sir, scriptures, round, prelates, prayers, pope, peace, party, parliament, ordinances, non, mr., men, lords, law, lady, john, house, holy, head

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and A discourse concerning riots occasioned by some of the people called Quakers, being imprisoned and indicted for a riot, for only being at a peaceable meeting to worship God / written by one of that people, Thomas Ellwood. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, man, text, time, things, people, way, religion, life, thing, others, words, power, times, reason, part, truth, world, heart, nothing, hath, day, books, p., place, end, self, hee, work, word, doth, images, name, peace, none, head, matter, order, worship, one, hand, body, persons, t, page, kings, church, spirit, selfe, state

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, have, was, were, had, did, do, make, being, made, been, let, say, take, come, see, has, know, said, set, give, according, done, called, read, think, concerning, put, hath, having, given, taken, found, came, am, find, encoded, thought, doe, consider, says, pray, sent, brought, bring, use, making, used

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, church, king, england, christ, lord, hath, mr., c., 〉, tcp, 〈, ◊, spirit, bishop, rome, bishops, law, english, doe, thou, religion, parliament, ●, wee, text, altar, state, london, churches, ye, sir, holy, christian, christians, papists, gods, doctrine, sacrament, st., world, lords, pope, gospel, government, henry, john, prince, wing, commons

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, his, their, he, i, them, you, our, we, your, him, us, her, my, themselves, me, she, himself, its, thy, thee, one, theirs, ours, ye, mine, yours, yt, whereof, ourselves, vp, l, hers, ''em, yee, ts, trye, severall, s, ''s, ya, wil, vvith, vvhat, vnto, thou, th, rhey, religiō

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, great, many, good, true, same, own, more, -, non, roman, first, much, whole, early, common, little, new, present, english, most, very, old, holy, least, last, best, greater, full, able, late, particular, second, wise, long, necessary, better, false, greatest, former, like, several, next, fit, high, due, christian, textual, saith

not, so, then, now, more, up, as, therefore, well, very, out, only, most, also, yet, thus, never, much, too, even, here, ever, onely, first, there, still, in, together, rather, all, down, far, off, indeed, away, forth, long, thereof, once, especially, again, no, online, otherwise, on, further, at, just, over, truly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.