Distant Reader - subject-fasting-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 103,649 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 9,422 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 84. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, fast, may, vs, lord, vnto, fasting, will, haue, also, vpon, time, therefore, shall, yet, prayer, christ, church, text, fasts, great, day, first, much, good, either, doth, bee, one, onely, men, publicke, must, people, things, tcp, though, selues, without, now, man, doe, humiliation, many, exercise, sinnes, sinne, let, wee, like

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The Christians sanctuarie vvhereinto being retired, he may safely be preserued in the middest of all dangers. Fit for all men to read at all times, especially for those that are exercised in the schoole of affliction, in the time of Gods present visitation. Described in two bookes or treatises: I. Of the Christian exercise of fasting. II. Of holy inuocation on Gods name. By George Dovvname Doctor of Diuinitie., A short and plaine discourse Fully containing the vvhole doctrine of euangelicall fastes. By George Buddle, Bachelour of Diuinitie, and parson of Whikkenby in Lincolne-shire., and An admonition concerning a publick fast the just causes we have for it, from the full growth of sin, and the near approaches of God''s judgments : and the manner of performance to obtain the desired effects thereof, which ought to be other than our Common Forms, and with stricter acts of moritication than is usual amongst us : with an abstract of Mr. Chillingworth''s judgement of the state of religion in this nation in his time : and of a letter from the Hague concerning two sermons preached there in the French church at which were present divers of the English nobility..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

early english, english books, call vpon, let vs, books online, vnto vs, sauiour christ, text creation, creation partnership, early works, haue beene, vpon god, page images, vnto god, may bee, fortie dayes, worldly businesse, vpon vs, represented either, publicke fast, saint austin, outward fast, characters represented, tcp schema, image sets, lord doth, turne vnto, religious fast, deliuer vs, almighty god, god will, holy ghost, proquest page, institutions providing, will deliuer, without asking, batch review, images scanned, markup reviewed, encoded edition, online text, iv tiff, pfs batch, creative commons, xml conversion, tiff page, glorifie god, asking permission, work described, providing financial

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A proclamation for a publick general fast throrowout the realm of Scotland A proclamation, for a publick general fast throughout the kingdom of Scotland. At Edinburgh, the eight day of August, one thousand six hundred and sixty five years., and Causes of a solemn national fast and humiliation, agreed upon by the Commissioners of the late General Assembly, met at Edinburgh the 4. of June 1696 and presented to the Lords of His Majesties most honourable Privy Council, to be read by the ministers, in all the churches at the intimation of the said fast..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, god, lord, christ, world, willis, text, sir, service, scotland, sauiour, saint, sabbath, repentance, religion, reformation, psal, prophet, people, nature, nation, men, london, kingdome, kingdom, judgments, iewes, highness, heart, fasts, fasting, fast, euangelicall, esay, england, early, disciples, dauid, churches, church, christian, body, blood, austin, abstinents

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and A proclamation for a publick general fast throrowout the realm of Scotland is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, prayer, day, fasting, text, things, people, fast, selues, sinnes, men, man, exercise, heart, publicke, life, thing, themselues, affliction, food, humiliation, fasts, sinne, end, blood, abstinence, doth, psal, works, respect, t, part, dayes, repentance, faith, others, hath, children, cause, word, times, religion, parts, euill, promise, occasion, flesh, bodies, texts, persons

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, were, have, had, being, vnto, did, fasting, do, been, let, haue, make, take, fast, call, according, come, say, pray, said, made, bee, vpon, hath, encoded, heare, concerning, fasted, know, kept, see, done, commanded, set, taken, called, glorifie, consider, commaunded, deliuered, required, given, performed, doth, obserued, humble

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, god, lord, christ, church, thou, haue, hath, tcp, fasts, c., doe, wee, de, vs, gods, bee, king, text, esay, fast, saint, sam, sabbath, christs, sauiour, fasting, iohn, world, england, ●, english, dauid, cor, publicke, tei, prophet, hee, eebo, beene, owne, luke, iewes, oxford, lent, austin, men, london

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

our, it, their, we, his, they, them, i, he, him, you, my, your, thy, me, us, her, its, she, thee, themselves, himself, vp, vnto, theirs, one, mine, ours, washeth, oleo, ''em

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, great, good, many, fast, same, more, first, much, own, common, whole, true, early, outward, former, second, religious, new, little, last, holy, english, greater, better, particular, ordinary, necessary, present, godly, extraordinary, wicked, most, able, christian, like, least, humble, haue, saith, doth, greatest, general, available, priuate, old, few, sufficient, due

not, so, also, therefore, more, then, vs, onely, fast, now, yet, most, much, very, only, first, as, well, especially, thereof, together, out, here, thus, that, is, often, vpon, away, even, too, sometimes, forth, secondly, rather, indeed, all, long, further, early, thereby, there, still, otherwise, altogether, likewise, lastly, namely, just, at

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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