This is a list of all the questions and their associated study carrel identifiers. One can learn a lot of the "aboutness" of a text simply by reading the questions.
identifier | question |
---|---|
1571 | For will any man of sense deny that you have spoken well? |
1571 | How shall I establish my words? |
1571 | and what part of it can be truly called a remnant of the land that then was? |
1176 | the under( or hinder?) 1176 ( 14) Or,suspensory ligament"? |
1176 | It so happens that one of the hipparchs(?) |
1176 | knuckle- bones( hocks?) |
26095 | When they are examined, they are asked, first,''Who is your father, and of what deme? |
26095 | who is your father''s father? |
26095 | who is your mother''s father, and of what deme?'' |
26095 | who is your mother? |
1169 | 390- 389? |
1169 | And in the next place, what is more remote from dirge and lamentation than a life of glory crowned by seasonable death? |
1169 | As to this, what testimony can be more conclusive than the following? |
1169 | As touching, therefore, the excellency of his birth, what weightier, what nobler testimony can be adduced than this one fact? |
1169 | How then shall we who imitate him become his opposite, unholy, unjust, tyrannical, licentious? |
1169 | What could be clearer, therefore, than that he was about to make a dash at the satrap''s home in Caria? |
1169 | What more deserving of song and eulogy than resplendent victories and deeds of highest note? |
1169 | What, too, was his answer to Tithraustes when the satrap offered him countless gifts if he would but quit the country? |
1169 | Who, in discontentment at his own poor lot, would venture on revolution, knowing that the king himself could condescend to constitutional control? |
1169 | v. 28? |
1179 | ( 33) Well then, it may be asked, why is it that there is not the same rush to make new cuttings now as in former times? |
1179 | ( 58) But how is an enemy ever to march upon the mines in force? |
1179 | Again, is any one persuaded that, looking solely to riches and money- making, the state may find war more profitable than peace? |
1179 | Nay, did not the very Thebans, in return for certain benefits, grant to us Athenians to exercise leadership over them? |
1179 | Or once again, where are all those who seek to effect a rapid sale or purchase of a thousand commodities, to find what they want, if not at Athens? |
1179 | Since what possession I should like to know can be more serviceable for war than that of men? |
1179 | What will happen? |
1172 | How many? |
1172 | Knights,244( Demosthenes calls to the hipparchs(? |
1172 | ( 15) Where? |
1172 | ( 2) But how is this experience to be got? |
1172 | Assuming, then, your horses are all that horses ought to be, how is the trooper to attain a like degree of excellence? |
1172 | But what then of the residue not needed for outpost duty? |
1172 | Is it likely that a grown man, giving his whole mind to methods of chicanery, will fail of similar inventiveness? |
1172 | Is the author thinking of Boeotian emigres? |
1172 | Or again, as touching pride of ancestry, what have Athenians to fear as against Boeotians on that score? |
1172 | above? |
1172 | and is the scene of the{ dokimasiai} Phaleron? |
1172 | how many horns do I hold up?" |
1172 | v. 26 be more to the point? |
1682 | And ought not the country which the Gods praise to be praised by all mankind? |
1682 | And whom did they choose? |
1682 | And why should I say more? |
1682 | Are you from the Agora? |
1682 | For who always does justice to himself, or who writes with equal care at all times? |
1682 | For you know that there is to be a public funeral? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: And can you remember what Aspasia said? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: And what would you be able to say if you had to speak? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: And who is she? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: Do you think not, Socrates? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: Do you think that you could speak yourself if there should be a necessity, and if the Council were to choose you? |
1682 | MENEXENUS: Then why will you not rehearse what she said? |
1682 | SOCRATES: And what might you be doing at the Council? |
1682 | SOCRATES: But why, my friend, should he not have plenty to say? |
1682 | SOCRATES: Well, and do you not admire her, and are you not grateful for her speech? |
1682 | SOCRATES: Whence come you, Menexenus? |
1682 | What sort of a word will this be, and how shall we rightly begin the praises of these brave men? |
1180 | ( 1)( 1) Or,"The question suggests itself-- how many instruments and of what sort are required by any one wishing to enter this field? |
1180 | ( 13) These words are commonly regarded as an addition; and what does{ te} signify? |
1180 | ( 19)"For what does a chivalrous education teach save to obey the law, and to make the theme of justice familiar to tongue and ear?" |
1180 | ( 2) Or,"these hounds of the breed named must not be any ordinary specimens"; but what does Xenophon mean by{ ek toutou tou genous}? |
1180 | ( 2) Who are these{ oi nun sophistai}? |
1180 | ( 8) Or,"a hook- nosed(? |
1180 | ? See Sturz, s.v. |
1180 | But what does Xenophon mean by{ tou autou genous}? |
1180 | I do not know that any one has answered Schneider''s question: Quidni sensum eundem servavit homo religiosus in hinnulis? |
1180 | Nay, what has sex to do with it? |
1180 | Query, in reference to{ enthumemata} above? |
1180 | What are the aids and implements of divers sorts with which he who would enter on this field must equip himself? |
1180 | my(?) |
1180 | { upagein}--"stealthily?" |
1171 | And then the young-- how could I corrupt them by habituating them to manliness and frugality? 1171 Why do you weep now? |
1171 | And if to these be added the consciousness of failing powers, the sting of self- reproach, what prospect have I of any further joy in living? |
1171 | And when Hermogenes asked him,"How?" |
1171 | And when he perceived those who followed by his side in tears,"What is this?" |
1171 | Can you name another man of more independent spirit than myself, seeing that I accept from no one either gifts or pay? |
1171 | I ask you, is there any one[ 28] else, you know of, less enslaved than myself to the appetites[ 29] of the body? |
1171 | If in all I have said about myself no one can convict me of lying, is it not obvious that the praise I get from gods and men is justly earned? |
1171 | Whom have you any right to believe to be more just[ 30] than one so suited with what he has, that the things of others excite no craving in him? |
1171 | Why should these stories, if true, as no doubt they were, be omitted?] |
1171 | Why, what else do those who make use of the cries of birds or utterances of men draw their conclusions from if not from voices? |
1171 | [ 51] Do you not know that for many a long day, ever since I was born, sentence of death was passed upon me by nature? |
1171 | [ Footnote 44:{ eipein auton[ autos(? |
1171 | [ Footnote 51:"Why precisely now?"] |
1171 | do I not seem to you to have spent my whole life in meditating my defence?" |
1171 | he answered again:"Strange, do you call it, that to God it should seem better for me to die at once? |
1171 | your own selves aside, by comparison with those whom you believe to be the wisest authorities on military matters?" |
1178 | allied? |
1178 | ( 11) The word{ masso} is"poetical"( old Attic?). |
1178 | ( 12) If so, will any one say which ought, and which ought not, to be adjudicated on, there and then? |
1178 | ( 12) Or,"how is it to dispose of the product?" |
1178 | ( 14)? |
1178 | ( 37) And why? |
1178 | ( 4) Is this an autobiographical touch? |
1178 | 432, 433; see"A Fragment of Xenophon"(? |
1178 | An objector may retort:"But if he thought it so fine a feat to steal, why did he inflict all those blows on the unfortunate who was caught?" |
1178 | And why? |
1178 | But how are we to expect that women nurtured in this fashion should produce a splendid offspring? |
1178 | How could incidents like these have taken place if an island had been their home? |
1178 | I put it to you, then: can any one suppose that all, or any, of these may dispense with adjudication? |
1178 | Is the author thinking of Socrates? |
1178 | It may be retorted:"And what sort of advantage either for himself or for the People can such a fellow be expected to hit upon?" |
1178 | Pericles says:"Reflect, if we were islanders, who would be more invulnerable? |
1178 | XIV( 1) Now, if the question be put to me, Do you maintain that the laws of Lycurgus remain still to this day unchanged? |
1178 | or"perioecid"? |
1175 | Is not the man who has it in his power, etc., far above being pitied? |
1175 | how could he replace in his own person the exact number of imprisonments which he has inflicted on others? |
1175 | ( 11) Does{ o en tais polesi}="the citizen"? |
1175 | ( 18) How can he show a cheerful countenance? |
1175 | ( 19) how magnify himself on his achievement? |
1175 | ( 2)( 2) Or,"would you oblige me by explaining certain matters, as to which your knowledge naturally transcends my own?" |
1175 | ( 20) How could the life of any single tyrant suffice to square the account? |
1175 | ( 21) Or,"how undergo in his own person the imprisonments he has inflicted?" |
1175 | ( 21) how proffer lives enough to die in compensation of the dead men he has slain? |
1175 | ( 24) What mirth, do you imagine, is to be extracted from their panegyrics who are suspected of bestowing praise out of mere flattery? |
1175 | ( 8) In either case it is an honour, but which will be regarded with the greater gratitude, the monarch''s or the lesser man''s? |
1175 | ( 8) Will not this standing army lead them to desire peace beyond all other things? |
1175 | (? |
1175 | And pray, what sort of things may those be( answered Hiero), of which I can have greater knowledge than yourself, who are so wise a man? |
1175 | And to put the whole of them to death or to imprison them is hardly possible; or who will be his subjects presently? |
1175 | And what will be the effect on the neighbour states conterminous with yours? |
1175 | Can you conceive a more troublesome circumstance? |
1175 | Can you suggest a means to avoid the hatred of which they are the cause? |
1175 | For consider, what are their objects of ambition? |
1175 | How fares it with the man who is beloved of friends? |
1175 | How is that, Hiero? |
1175 | How should he pay in full to the last farthing all the moneys of all whom he has robbed? |
1175 | How should the"faithful esquire"whose faith is mistrusted still be lief and dear? |
1175 | IV Again, without some moiety of faith and trust,( 1) how can a man not feel to be defrauded of a mighty blessing? |
1175 | In such a case, whose salutation will sound the pleasanter to him accosted? |
1175 | Is not this modelled on the{ krupteia}? |
1175 | Love''s strong passion for his soul''s beloved incapable of springing up in any monarch''s heart? |
1175 | Moreover, on an actual campaign, where will you find an arm of greater service to the citizens than these wage- earning troops? |
1175 | One may well ask: What fellowship, what converse, what society would be agreeable without confidence? |
1175 | Or is war a curse? |
1175 | Or will you tell me that a ruler who has won the affection of his subjects has no need for body- guards? |
1175 | Perhaps you will retort:"Why should he trouble to go abroad to seek for such things? |
1175 | Simonides answered laughingly: How say you, Hiero? |
1175 | Since how shall we assert that people who are forced to rise from their seats do really rise to honour those whom they regard as malefactors? |
1175 | Since what follows? |
1175 | Then have you ever noticed that crowned heads display more pleasure in attacking the bill of fare provided them, than private persons theirs? |
1175 | What happens when a state has gained the mastery in battle over her antagonist? |
1175 | What intercourse between man and wife be sweet apart from trustfulness? |
1175 | What is that? |
1175 | What is there to prevent the application of the principle to matters politic in general? |
1175 | What of your own passion for Dailochus, surnamed of men"most beautiful"? |
1175 | What peace can he have with those over whom he exercises his despotic sway? |
1175 | Whose compliments will carry farther, in the way of delectation, think you? |
1175 | Why should all men envy the despotic monarch? |
1175 | Would you be pleased to give me information, Hiero, upon certain matters, as to which it is likely you have greater knowledge than myself? |
1175 | X And Hiero replied: Thus far you reason prettily, methinks, Simonides; but about these mercenary troops have you aught to say? |
1175 | how die a thousand deaths? |
1175 | or that these others who step aside to let their betters pass them in the street, desire thus to show respect to miscreants? |
1175 | p. 248)? |
1175 | with what chains laid upon him make requital to all those he has thrust into felons''quarters? |
1572 | ''And what was the subject of the poem?'' |
1572 | ''If they are the same, why have they different names; or if they are different, why have they the same name?'' |
1572 | ''What do you mean?'' |
1572 | And how was the tale transferred to the poem of Solon? |
1572 | And is all that which we call an intelligible essence nothing at all, and only a name? |
1572 | And is the thought expressed in them to be attributed to the learning of the Egyptian priest, and not rather to the genius of Plato? |
1572 | And what was the tale about, Critias? |
1572 | And whence came the tradition to Egypt? |
1572 | And( b) what proof is there that the axis of the world revolves at all? |
1572 | Are not the words,''The truth of the story is a great advantage,''if we read between the lines, an indication of the fiction? |
1572 | Are we right in saying that there is one world, or that they are many and infinite? |
1572 | But are probabilities for which there is not a tittle of evidence, and which are without any parallel, to be deemed worthy of attention by the critic? |
1572 | But then why, when things are divided after their kinds, do they not cease from motion? |
1572 | Did Plato derive the legend of Atlantis from an Egyptian source? |
1572 | For how can that which is divided be like that which is undivided? |
1572 | Has not disease been regarded, like sin, sometimes as a negative and necessary, sometimes as a positive or malignant principle? |
1572 | Have not many discussions arisen about the Atomic theory in which a point has been confused with a material atom? |
1572 | Have not the natures of things been explained by imaginary entities, such as life or phlogiston, which exist in the mind only? |
1572 | How came the poem of Solon to disappear in antiquity? |
1572 | How can matter be conceived to exist without form? |
1572 | How can we doubt the word of the children of the Gods? |
1572 | How can we doubt the word of the children of the gods? |
1572 | How or where shall we find another if we abandon this? |
1572 | How, then, shall we settle this point, and what questions about the elements may be fairly raised? |
1572 | In what relation does the archetype stand to the Creator himself? |
1572 | Indeed, when it is in every direction similar, how can one rightly give to it names which imply opposition? |
1572 | Is there any self- existent fire? |
1572 | May they not have had, like the animals, an instinct of something more than they knew? |
1572 | May we not claim for Plato an anticipation of modern ideas as about some questions of astronomy and physics, so also about medicine? |
1572 | Or is there anything more, my dear Timaeus, which has been omitted? |
1572 | Or rather was not the proposal too singular to be forgotten? |
1572 | Or that which is changing be the copy of that which is unchanging? |
1572 | Or, how can the essences or forms of things be distinguished from the eternal ideas, or essence itself from the soul? |
1572 | Or, how could space or anything else have been eternal when time is only created? |
1572 | Or, how could the Creator have taken portions of an indivisible same? |
1572 | Or, how could the surfaces of geometrical figures have formed solids? |
1572 | Or, how could there have been a time when the world was not, if time was not? |
1572 | Or, how could there have been motion in the chaos when as yet time was not? |
1572 | Or, how did chaos come into existence, if not by the will of the Creator? |
1572 | Plato himself proposes the question, Why does motion continue at all when the elements are settled in their places? |
1572 | SOCRATES: And what about the procreation of children? |
1572 | SOCRATES: And what did we say of their education? |
1572 | SOCRATES: Did we not begin by separating the husbandmen and the artisans from the class of defenders of the State? |
1572 | SOCRATES: Do you remember what were the points of which I required you to speak? |
1572 | SOCRATES: One, two, three; but where, my dear Timaeus, is the fourth of those who were yesterday my guests and are to be my entertainers to- day? |
1572 | SOCRATES: Then have I now given you all the heads of our yesterday''s discussion? |
1572 | The prelude is charming, and is already accepted by us-- may we beg of you to proceed to the strain? |
1572 | This being supposed, let us proceed to the next stage: In the likeness of what animal did the Creator make the world? |
1572 | This is the greatest boon of sight: and of the lesser benefits why should I speak? |
1572 | Were they not to be trained in gymnastic, and music, and all other sorts of knowledge which were proper for them? |
1572 | What is this but the atoms of Democritus and the triangles of Plato? |
1572 | What makes fire burn? |
1572 | What nature are we to attribute to this new kind of being? |
1572 | When we accuse them of being under the influence of words, do we suppose that we are altogether free from this illusion? |
1572 | and do all those things which we call self- existent exist? |
1572 | or are only those things which we see, or in some way perceive through the bodily organs, truly existent, and nothing whatever besides them? |
1572 | or created, and had it a beginning? |
1572 | or in what does the story consist except in the war between the two rival powers and the submersion of both of them? |
1572 | or why did Plato, if the whole narrative was known to him, break off almost at the beginning of it? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: And how long must I wait, Socrates, and who will be my teacher? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: Certainly not: for then what use could I make of them? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: How do you mean? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: How do you mean? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: How in the world, Socrates, do the words of the poet apply to him? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: Of what do you suppose that I am thinking? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: What is that, Socrates? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: Why, Socrates, how is that possible? |
1677 | ALCIBIADES: Yes, Socrates, but you are speaking of a madman: surely you do not think that any one in his senses would venture to make such a prayer? |
1677 | And was not his prayer accomplished, and did not many and terrible evils thence arise, upon which I need not dilate? |
1677 | But perhaps we may consider the matter thus:-- ALCIBIADES: How? |
1677 | Can ignorance possibly be better than knowledge for any person in any conceivable case? |
1677 | Consider, my dear friend: may it not be quite otherwise? |
1677 | Did we not? |
1677 | Do you not speak of one who knows what is best in riding as a good rider? |
1677 | For tell me, by heaven, do you not think that in the city the wise are few, while the foolish, whom you call mad, are many? |
1677 | For we acknowledged that there are these two classes? |
1677 | In such a case should we not be right if we said that the state would be full of anarchy and lawlessness? |
1677 | May we not take an illustration from the artizans? |
1677 | Or do you believe that a man may labour under some other disease, even although he has none of these complaints? |
1677 | Or do you think that Orestes, had he been in his senses and knew what was best for him to do, would ever have dared to venture on such a crime? |
1677 | Or is there a difference between the clever artist and the wise man? |
1677 | Or what is your opinion? |
1677 | SOCRATES: A man must either be sick or be well? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And again, there are some who are in health? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And both to the person who is ignorant and everybody else? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And every disease ophthalmia? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And if he do the contrary, both he and the state will suffer? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And if you made many attempts, and each time failed to recognize Pericles, you would never attack him? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And in a similar way you speak of a good boxer or a good flute- player or a good performer in any other art? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And is every kind of ophthalmia a disease? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And must every sick person either have the gout, or be in a fever, or suffer from ophthalmia? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And some men seem to you to be discreet, and others the contrary? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And that there is no third or middle term between discretion and indiscretion? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And there can not be two opposites to one thing? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And there is still another case which will also perhaps appear strange to you, if you will consider it? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And they are not the same? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And would you accept them if you were likely to use them to a bad and mischievous end? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And you regard those as sensible who know what ought to be done or said? |
1677 | SOCRATES: And you use both the terms,''wise''and''foolish,''in reference to something? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Are you going, Alcibiades, to offer prayer to Zeus? |
1677 | SOCRATES: But how could we live in safety with so many crazy people? |
1677 | SOCRATES: But is it necessary that the man who is clever in any of these arts should be wise also in general? |
1677 | SOCRATES: But ought we not then, think you, either to fancy that we know or really to know, what we confidently propose to do or say? |
1677 | SOCRATES: But were you not saying that you would call the many unwise and the few wise? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Did you not acknowledge that madness was the opposite of discretion? |
1677 | SOCRATES: For you designed to kill, not the first who offered, but Pericles himself? |
1677 | SOCRATES: He did not intend to slay the first woman he came across, nor any one else''s mother, but only his own? |
1677 | SOCRATES: He must be either sane or insane? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Ignorance, then, is better for those who are in such a frame of mind, and have such ideas? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Madness, then, you consider to be the opposite of discretion? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Nor again, I suppose, a person who knows the art of war, but does not know whether it is better to go to war or for how long? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Nor are there any who are in neither state? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Nor would any one else, I fancy? |
1677 | SOCRATES: So I believe:--you do not think so? |
1677 | SOCRATES: That ignorance is bad then, it would appear, which is of the best and does not know what is best? |
1677 | SOCRATES: The latter will say or do what they ought not without their own knowledge? |
1677 | SOCRATES: The many are foolish, the few wise? |
1677 | SOCRATES: The senseless are those who do not know this? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Then madness and want of sense are the same? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Very good: and do you think the same about discretion and want of discretion? |
1677 | SOCRATES: We are agreed, then, that every form of ophthalmia is a disease, but not every disease ophthalmia? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Well, and are you of the same mind, as before? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Well, but if Orestes in like manner had not known his mother, do you think that he would ever have laid hands upon her? |
1677 | SOCRATES: While others are ailing? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Would you call a person wise who can give advice, but does not know whether or when it is better to carry out the advice? |
1677 | SOCRATES: Yet you would not accept the dominion and lordship of all the Hellenes and all the barbarians in exchange for your life? |
1677 | SOCRATES: You acknowledge that for some persons in certain cases the ignorance of some things is a good and not an evil, as you formerly supposed? |
1677 | SOCRATES:--If, then, you went indoors, and seeing him, did not know him, but thought that he was some one else, would you venture to slay him? |
1677 | Surely, they are not the only maladies which exist? |
1677 | Their envoys were also to ask,''Why the Gods always granted the victory to the Lacedaemonians?'' |
1677 | We acknowledge that some are discreet, some foolish, and that some are mad? |
1677 | We think that some are sick; do we not? |
1677 | What do you think? |
1677 | You would distinguish the wise from the foolish? |
1584 | --or rather, to restrict the enquiry to that part of virtue which is concerned with the use of weapons--''What is Courage?'' |
1584 | Am I not correct in saying so, Laches? |
1584 | And I will begin with courage, and once more ask, What is that common quality, which is the same in all these cases, and which is called courage? |
1584 | And are you ready to give assistance in the improvement of the youths? |
1584 | And is not that generally thought to be courage? |
1584 | And yet Nicias, would you allow that you are yourself a soothsayer, or are you neither a soothsayer nor courageous? |
1584 | Are you not risking the greatest of your possessions? |
1584 | But a better and more thorough way of examining the question will be to ask,''What is Virtue?'' |
1584 | But what say you of the matter of which we were beginning to speak-- the art of fighting in armour? |
1584 | But why, instead of consulting us, do you not consult our friend Socrates about the education of the youths? |
1584 | Do you imagine that I should call little children courageous, which fear no dangers because they know none? |
1584 | Do you imagine, Laches, that the physician knows whether health or disease is the more terrible to a man? |
1584 | Do you not agree to that, Laches? |
1584 | Do you now understand what I mean? |
1584 | Do you or do you not agree with me? |
1584 | For how can we advise any one about the best mode of attaining something of which we are wholly ignorant? |
1584 | For who but one of them can know to whom to die or to live is better? |
1584 | Had not many a man better never get up from a sick bed? |
1584 | How is this contradiction to be solved? |
1584 | In all things small as well as great? |
1584 | In the discussion of the main thesis of the Dialogue--''What is Courage?'' |
1584 | Is not that, on the other hand, to be regarded as evil and hurtful? |
1584 | Is that a practice in which the lads may be advantageously instructed? |
1584 | Is this a slight matter about which you and Lysimachus are deliberating? |
1584 | LACHES: How flying? |
1584 | LACHES: I have but one feeling, Nicias, or( shall I say?) |
1584 | LACHES: Indeed I do: who but he? |
1584 | LACHES: To what extent and what principle do you mean? |
1584 | LACHES: Well but, Socrates; did you never observe that some persons, who have had no teachers, are more skilful than those who have, in some things? |
1584 | LACHES: What can he possibly mean, Socrates? |
1584 | LACHES: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1584 | LACHES: Why, Socrates, what else can a man say? |
1584 | LYSIMACHUS: Why do you say that, Nicias? |
1584 | LYSIMACHUS: Why, Laches, has Socrates ever attended to matters of this sort? |
1584 | LYSIMACHUS: Why, yes, Socrates; what else am I to do? |
1584 | Laches derides this; and Socrates enquires,''What sort of intelligence?'' |
1584 | Let me ask you a question: Do not physicians know the dangers of disease? |
1584 | May not death often be the better of the two? |
1584 | Must we not select that to which the art of fighting in armour is supposed to conduce? |
1584 | NICIAS: And do you think that the same things are terrible to those who had better die, and to those who had better live? |
1584 | NICIAS: What is that? |
1584 | NICIAS: Why, Socrates, is not the question whether young men ought or ought not to learn the art of fighting in armour? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And are we right in saying so? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And at present we have in view some knowledge, of which the end is the soul of youth? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And courage, my friend, is, as you say, a knowledge of the fearful and of the hopeful? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And do you, Nicias, also acknowledge that the same science has understanding of the same things, whether future, present, or past? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And for this reason, as I imagine,--because a good decision is based on knowledge and not on numbers? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And in a word, when he considers anything for the sake of another thing, he thinks of the end and not of the means? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And is anything noble which is evil and hurtful? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And is this condition of ours satisfactory? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And shall we invite Nicias to join us? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And so should I; but what would you say of another man, who fights flying, instead of remaining? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And suppose I were to be asked by some one: What is that common quality, Socrates, which, in all these uses of the word, you call quickness? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And that is in contradiction with our present view? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And that which we know we must surely be able to tell? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And the fearful, and the hopeful, are admitted to be future goods and future evils? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And the knowledge of these things you call courage? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And the same science has to do with the same things in the future or at any time? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And we are enquiring, Which of us is skilful or successful in the treatment of the soul, and which of us has had good teachers? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And when he considers whether he shall set a bridle on a horse and at what time, he is thinking of the horse and not of the bridle? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And when you call in an adviser, you should see whether he too is skilful in the accomplishment of the end which you have in view? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And would you do so too, Melesias? |
1584 | SOCRATES: And you would say that a wise endurance is also good and noble? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But as to the epithet''wise,''--wise in what? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But then, Nicias, courage, according to this new definition of yours, instead of being a part of virtue only, will be all virtue? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But we were saying that courage is one of the parts of virtue? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But what is this knowledge then, and of what? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But what would you say of a foolish endurance? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But would there not arise a prior question about the nature of the art of which we want to find the masters? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But, my dear friend, should not the good sportsman follow the track, and not be lazy? |
1584 | SOCRATES: But, surely, this is a foolish endurance in comparison with the other? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Do you agree with me about the parts? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Do you hear him, Laches? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Do you understand his meaning, Laches? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Great care, then, is required in this matter? |
1584 | SOCRATES: His one vote would be worth more than the vote of all us four? |
1584 | SOCRATES: How so? |
1584 | SOCRATES: I will endeavour to explain; you would call a man courageous who remains at his post, and fights with the enemy? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Must we not then first of all ask, whether there is any one of us who has knowledge of that about which we are deliberating? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Nor the wisdom which plays the lyre? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Suppose that we instruct instead of abusing him? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Tell him then, Nicias, what you mean by this wisdom; for you surely do not mean the wisdom which plays the flute? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Then must we not first know the nature of virtue? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Then which of the parts of virtue shall we select? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Then you would not admit that sort of endurance to be courage-- for it is not noble, but courage is noble? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Then, Laches, we may presume that we know the nature of virtue? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Then, according to you, only the wise endurance is courage? |
1584 | SOCRATES: What is Laches saying, Nicias? |
1584 | SOCRATES: What is it, Nicias? |
1584 | SOCRATES: What, Lysimachus, are you going to accept the opinion of the majority? |
1584 | SOCRATES: Why do you say so, Laches? |
1584 | Should we not select him who knew and had practised the art, and had the best teachers? |
1584 | Socrates proceeds: We might ask who are our teachers? |
1584 | Tell me, my boys, whether this is the Socrates of whom you have often spoken? |
1584 | There is this sort of courage-- is there not, Laches? |
1584 | What do you say to that alteration in your statement? |
1584 | What do you say, Socrates-- will you comply? |
1584 | What do you say? |
1584 | Who are they who, having been inferior persons, have become under your care good and noble? |
1584 | Would you not say the same? |
1584 | do you mean to say that the soothsayer ought to know the grounds of hope or fear? |
1584 | or are the physicians the same as the courageous? |
1584 | or do the courageous know them? |
1635 | ''Then why in this city of Athens, in which men of merit are always being sought after, is he not at once appointed a general?'' |
1635 | ''What about things of which he has no knowledge?'' |
1635 | ),''-- will the art of the fisherman or of the rhapsode be better able to judge whether these lines are rightly expressed or not? |
1635 | Am I not right, Ion? |
1635 | And if I were to ask whether I and you became acquainted with this fact by the help of the same art of arithmetic, you would acknowledge that we did? |
1635 | And will they not choose Ion the Ephesian to be their general, and honour him, if he prove himself worthy? |
1635 | Are not these the themes of which Homer sings? |
1635 | Are you from your native city of Ephesus? |
1635 | As he does not know all of them, which of them will he know? |
1635 | But just now I should like to ask you a question: Does your art extend to Hesiod and Archilochus, or to Homer only? |
1635 | But let me ask a prior question: You admit that there are differences of arts? |
1635 | Do you mean to say that the art of the rhapsode and of the general is the same? |
1635 | Do you think that the Hellenes want a rhapsode with his golden crown, and do not want a general? |
1635 | Does not Homer speak of the same themes which all other poets handle? |
1635 | For the rhapsode ought to interpret the mind of the poet to his hearers, but how can he interpret him well unless he knows what he means? |
1635 | Have you already forgotten what you were saying? |
1635 | ION: And what is there in Homer of which I have no knowledge? |
1635 | ION: Who may he be? |
1635 | ION: Why, what am I forgetting? |
1635 | Is not war his great argument? |
1635 | Let us consider this matter; is not the art of painting a whole? |
1635 | Must the same art have the same subject of knowledge, and different arts other subjects of knowledge? |
1635 | Now would you say that the art of the rhapsode or the art of medicine was better able to judge of the propriety of these lines? |
1635 | Now, Ion, will the charioteer or the physician be the better judge of the propriety of these lines? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And Homer in a better way? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And are you aware that you produce similar effects on most of the spectators? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And are you the best general, Ion? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And can you interpret better what Homer says, or what Hesiod says, about these matters in which they agree? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And do not the other poets sing of the same? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And do the Epidaurians have contests of rhapsodes at the festival? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And he who is a good general is also a good rhapsode? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And he who judges of the good will be the same as he who judges of the bad speakers? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And he will be the arithmetician? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And if a different knowledge, then a knowledge of different matters? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And if you judged of performers on the lyre, you would admit that you judged of them as a performer on the lyre, and not as a horseman? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And if you knew the good speaker, you would also know the inferior speakers to be inferior? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And if you were a prophet, would you not be able to interpret them when they disagree as well as when they agree? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And in judging of the general''s art, do you judge of it as a general or a rhapsode? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And the art of the rhapsode is different from that of the charioteer? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And there are and have been many painters good and bad? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And this is true of all the arts;--that which we know with one art we do not know with the other? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And were you one of the competitors-- and did you succeed? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And who is he, and what is his name? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And will the reason be that this is his art, or will there be any other reason? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And you admitted that being different they would have different subjects of knowledge? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And you are the best of Hellenic rhapsodes? |
1635 | SOCRATES: And you rhapsodists are the interpreters of the poets? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Are there any things about which Homer and Hesiod agree? |
1635 | SOCRATES: At any rate he will know what a general ought to say when exhorting his soldiers? |
1635 | SOCRATES: But he will know what a slave ought to say? |
1635 | SOCRATES: But he will know what a spinning- woman ought to say about the working of wool? |
1635 | SOCRATES: But how did you come to have this skill about Homer only, and not about Hesiod or the other poets? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Do you know that the spectator is the last of the rings which, as I am saying, receive the power of the original magnet from one another? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Do you mean that a rhapsode will know better than the pilot what the ruler of a sea- tossed vessel ought to say? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Do you not remember that you declared the art of the rhapsode to be different from the art of the charioteer? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Is not the same person skilful in both? |
1635 | SOCRATES: My good Ion, did you never hear of Apollodorus of Cyzicus? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Nor do we know by the art of the carpenter that which we know by the art of medicine? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Or will the rhapsode know better than the physician what the ruler of a sick man ought to say? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Surely not about things in Homer of which you have no knowledge? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Tell me, then, what I was intending to ask you,--whether this holds universally? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Then he who has no knowledge of a particular art will have no right judgment of the sayings and doings of that art? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Then he who is a good rhapsode is also a good general? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Then upon your own showing the rhapsode, and the art of the rhapsode, will not know everything? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Then which will be a better judge of the lines which you were reciting from Homer, you or the charioteer? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Then you are the interpreters of interpreters? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Well, but is the art of the rhapsode the art of the general? |
1635 | SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1635 | SOCRATES: What, in a worse way? |
1635 | SOCRATES: Why, does not Homer speak in many passages about arts? |
1635 | SOCRATES: You would argue, as I should, that when one art is of one kind of knowledge and another of another, they are different? |
1635 | Was not this the lesson which the God intended to teach when by the mouth of the worst of poets he sang the best of songs? |
1635 | Were not the Ephesians originally Athenians, and Ephesus is no mean city? |
1635 | Which do you prefer to be thought, dishonest or inspired? |
1635 | Would he rather be regarded as inspired or dishonest?'' |
1635 | Would you like me to explain my meaning, Ion? |
1635 | You ask,''Why is this?'' |
1635 | what is happening to you? |
1681 | And is virtue in your opinion, Prodicus, innate or acquired by instruction? |
1681 | Are not certain things useful to the builder when he is building a house? |
1681 | But do we not deem those men who are most prosperous to be the happiest? |
1681 | But how do you mean, Socrates? |
1681 | But if we are further asked, What is that from which, if we were free, we should have no need of wealth? |
1681 | But surely, if they were a good, they could not appear bad for any one? |
1681 | But what particular thing is wealth, if not all things? |
1681 | But when have we the greatest and the most various needs, when we are sick or when we are well? |
1681 | But why do you not finish the argument which proves that gold and silver and other things which seem to be wealth are not real wealth? |
1681 | But why, as you have begun your argument so prettily, do you not go on with the rest? |
1681 | CRITIAS: And does injustice seem to you an evil or a good? |
1681 | CRITIAS: And if the wicked man has wealth and is willing to spend it, he will carry out his evil purposes? |
1681 | CRITIAS: I should like to follow up the argument, and will ask Eryxias whether he thinks that there are just and unjust men? |
1681 | CRITIAS: Well, and do you think that some men are intemperate? |
1681 | Can ignorance, for instance, be useful for knowledge, or disease for health, or vice for virtue? |
1681 | Can you repeat the discourse to us? |
1681 | Do we not employ in our intercourse with one another speech and violence(?) |
1681 | ERASISTRATUS: What would you wish to hear first? |
1681 | For do we not say that silver is useful because it enables us to supply our bodily needs? |
1681 | For instance, some men are gamblers, some drunkards, and some gluttons: and gambling and the love of drink and greediness are all desires? |
1681 | For what man of sense could ever be persuaded that the wisest and the richest are the same? |
1681 | For who has larger estates or more land at his disposal to cultivate if he please? |
1681 | He was about to add something more, when Critias interrupted him:--Do you really suppose so, Eryxias? |
1681 | Or how could he be the richest of men who might even have to go begging, because he had not wherewithal to live? |
1681 | Or is wisdom despised of men and can find no buyers, although cypress wood and marble of Pentelicus are eagerly bought by numerous purchasers? |
1681 | Or, again, should you call sickness a good or an evil? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And also the instruments by which wealth is procured? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And are not the healthy richer than the sick, since health is a possession more valuable than riches to the sick? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And are they not most prosperous who commit the fewest errors in respect either of themselves or of other men? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And do we think it possible that a thing should be useful for a purpose unless we have need of it for that purpose? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And does not this apply in other cases? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And he appears to you to be the richest who has goods of the greatest value? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And how would you answer another question? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And if any one gave you a choice, which of these would you prefer? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And if anything appeared to be more valuable than health, he would be the richest who possessed it? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And if they appear useless to this end, ought they not always to appear useless? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And so, too, physic is not useful to every one, but only to him who knows how to use it? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And the same is the case with everything else? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And therefore conditions which are not required for the existence of a thing are not useful for the production of it? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And we call those actions good which a man does for the sake of virtue? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And were we not saying before that it was the business of a good man and a gentleman to know where and how anything should be used? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And when we are in the worst state we have the greatest and most especial need and desire of bodily pleasures? |
1681 | SOCRATES: And will not hearing be useful for virtue, if virtue is taught by hearing and we use the sense of hearing in giving instruction? |
1681 | SOCRATES: But can a bad thing be used to carry out a good purpose? |
1681 | SOCRATES: But can a man learn any kind of knowledge which is imparted by word of mouth if he is wholly deprived of the sense of hearing? |
1681 | SOCRATES: But can that which is evil be useful for virtue? |
1681 | SOCRATES: But if he possessed a thousand talents weight of some precious stone, we should say that he was very rich? |
1681 | SOCRATES: But if, again, we obtain by wealth the aid of medicine, shall we not regard wealth as useful for virtue? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Clearly we have not yet answered the question, What is wealth? |
1681 | SOCRATES: In which way do you think you would be the richer? |
1681 | SOCRATES: The reason is that the one is useless and the other useful? |
1681 | SOCRATES: The same to you, I said; have you any good news from Sicily to tell us? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Then if these things are useful for supplying the needs of the body, we must want them for that purpose? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Then if they procure by this means what they want for the purposes of life, that art will be useful towards life? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Then now we have to consider, What is money? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Then our conclusion is, as would appear, that wealth is what is useful to this end? |
1681 | SOCRATES: Then you consider that a man never wants any of these things for the use of the body? |
1681 | SOCRATES: What is useful to us, then, is wealth, and what is useless to us is not wealth? |
1681 | Suppose that we are asked,''Is a horse useful to everybody?'' |
1681 | The youth began by asking Prodicus, In what way did he think that riches were a good and in what an evil? |
1681 | There are persons, are there not, who teach music and grammar and other arts for pay, and thus procure those things of which they stand in need? |
1681 | What the Sicilians are doing, or how they are disposed towards our city? |
1681 | Where would be the advantage of wisdom then? |
1681 | and various other things? |
1681 | can we give an answer? |
1681 | whereas he who is short of means can not do what he fain would, and therefore does not sin? |
1681 | will not our reply be,''No, but only to those who know how to use a horse?'' |
1673 | And that person is he who is good at calculation-- the arithmetician? |
1673 | But is it better to do wrong intentionally or unintentionally? |
1673 | But to return: what say you of Odysseus and Achilles? |
1673 | EUDICUS: Why are you silent, Socrates, after the magnificent display which Hippias has been making? |
1673 | For example, had a man better have a rudder with which he will steer ill, voluntarily or involuntarily? |
1673 | For who always does justice to himself, or who writes with equal care at all times? |
1673 | HIPPIAS: Certainly not, Socrates; what makes you say so? |
1673 | HIPPIAS: Certainly; how can I have any other? |
1673 | HIPPIAS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1673 | HIPPIAS: Where is that? |
1673 | He who runs slowly voluntarily, or he who runs slowly involuntarily? |
1673 | I will therefore remind you of what you were saying: were you not saying that Achilles was a true man, and Odysseus false and wily? |
1673 | Is he not the good man? |
1673 | Is not he who is better made able to assume evil and disgraceful figures and postures voluntarily, as he who is worse made assumes them involuntarily? |
1673 | Is not the same person best able to speak falsely or to speak truly about diagrams; and he is-- the geometrician? |
1673 | Must it not be so? |
1673 | Must not justice, at all events, be one of these? |
1673 | Please to answer once more: Is not justice a power, or knowledge, or both? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And Homer must be presumed to have meant that the true man is not the same as the false? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And are you not likewise said to speak truly about calculation? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And being as you are the wisest and ablest of men in these matters of calculation, are you not also the best? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And could you speak falsehoods about them equally well? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And does not the same hold of astronomy? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And does not the same hold of the bow and the lyre, the flute and all other things? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And having this knowledge, are they ignorant, or are they wise? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And he who runs slowly runs badly? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And he who runs slowly runs ill, and he who runs quickly runs well? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And he who runs well is a good runner, and he who runs ill is a bad runner? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And if a species of doing, a species of action? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And if justice is knowledge, then the wiser will be the juster soul, and the more ignorant the more unjust? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And if some one were to ask you what is the sum of 3 multiplied by 700, you would tell him the true answer in a moment, if you pleased? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And if they are prudent, do they know or do they not know what they do? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is it better to possess the mind of an archer who voluntarily or involuntarily misses the mark? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is it worse or more dishonourable at a wrestling match, to fall, or to throw another? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is not blinking a defect in the eyes? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is not running a species of doing? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is not the soul which has the greater power and wisdom also better, and better able to do both good and evil in every action? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And is that your own opinion, Hippias? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And now do you perceive that the same person has turned out to be false as well as true? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And should we not desire to have our own minds in the best state possible? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And tell me, Hippias, are you not a skilful calculator and arithmetician? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And that would be true of a dog, or of any other animal? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And the good man is he who has the good soul, and the bad man is he who has the bad? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And the true differ from the false-- the true and the false are the very opposite of each other? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And there are bad runners? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And therefore you would be the most able to tell the truth about these matters, would you not? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And to do injustice is to do ill, and not to do injustice is to do well? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And were you not yourself just now shown to be best able to speak falsely about calculation? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And what do you say about grace, Hippias? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of an unmusical voice; would you prefer the voice which is voluntarily or involuntarily out of tune? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of the art of medicine;--has not the mind which voluntarily works harm to the body, more of the healing art? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of the characters of slaves? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And will not the better and abler soul when it does wrong, do wrong voluntarily, and the bad soul involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And will our minds be better if they do wrong and make mistakes voluntarily or involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And would you choose to possess goods or evils? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And would you rather always have eyes with which you might voluntarily blink and not see, or with which you might involuntarily blink? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And would you rather have a horse of such a temper that you may ride him ill voluntarily or involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: And would you rather have feet which are voluntarily or involuntarily lame? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Are you not also skilled in geometry? |
1673 | SOCRATES: But is not lameness a defect or deformity? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Do you not see, then, that the same man is false and also true about the same matters? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Do you say that the false, like the sick, have no power to do things, or that they have the power to do things? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Does the false man tell lies about other things, but not about number, or when he is making a calculation? |
1673 | SOCRATES: He and no one else is good at it? |
1673 | SOCRATES: I am very desirous, Hippias, of examining this question, as to which are the better-- those who err voluntarily or involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: In a word, then, the false are they who are wise and have the power to speak falsely? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Is not that because you are the wisest and ablest of men in these matters? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Now, Hippias, I think that I understand your meaning; when you say that Odysseus is wily, you clearly mean that he is false? |
1673 | SOCRATES: O rare Hippias, will you be so good as not to laugh, if I find a difficulty in following you, and repeat my questions several times over? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Shall we examine other instances? |
1673 | SOCRATES: That would be the better horse? |
1673 | SOCRATES: The involuntary is the worse of the two? |
1673 | SOCRATES: The soul, then, which acts ill, acts voluntarily by power and art-- and these either one or both of them are elements of justice? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then Odysseus would appear after all to be better than Achilles? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then a man who has not the power of speaking falsely and is ignorant can not be false? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then he who involuntarily does evil actions, is worse in a race than he who does them voluntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then he who runs badly does a bad and dishonourable action in a race? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then in a race, and in running, swiftness is a good, and slowness is an evil quality? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then in astronomy also, the same man will be true and false? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then in the art of medicine the voluntary is better than the involuntary? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then in your own case you deem that which voluntarily acts ill, better than that which involuntarily acts ill? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then may we further assume, Hippias, that there are men who are false about calculation and number? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then the good man will voluntarily do wrong, and the bad man involuntarily, if the good man is he who has the good soul? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then the good runner does this bad and disgraceful action voluntarily, and the bad involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then the mind which involuntarily errs is worse than the mind which errs voluntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then the same person is able to speak both falsely and truly about calculation? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then they are prudent, I suppose? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then voluntary ungracefulness comes from excellence of the bodily frame, and involuntary from the defect of the bodily frame? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then with a horse of better temper, vicious actions would be produced voluntarily; and with a horse of bad temper involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then, Hippias, he who voluntarily does wrong and disgraceful things, if there be such a man, will be the good man? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then, according to you, they are both powerful and wily, are they not? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then, according to your view, it would seem that the false are to be ranked in the class of the powerful and wise? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Then, at a wrestling match, he who voluntarily does base and dishonourable actions is a better wrestler than he who does them involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: This would be the better mind for the purposes of archery? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Well, and does not the same hold in that science also? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Well, but at a wrestling match-- which is the better wrestler, he who falls voluntarily or involuntarily? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Which of the two then is a better runner? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Who can they be? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Who, then, Hippias, is discovered to be false at calculation? |
1673 | SOCRATES: Why, were not the voluntary liars only just now shown to be better than the involuntary? |
1673 | Which is the better of the two? |
1673 | Why do you not either refute his words, if he seems to you to have been wrong in any point, or join with us in commending him? |
1673 | Will you tell me, and then I shall perhaps understand you better; has not Homer made Achilles wily? |
1673 | Would the ignorant man be better able to tell a falsehood in matters of calculation than you would be, if you chose? |
1673 | Would you not call a man able who could do that? |
1673 | and in what particular does either surpass the other? |
1600 | ''And how, Socrates,''she said with a smile,''can Love be acknowledged to be a great god by those who say that he is not a god at all?'' |
1600 | ''And is that which is not wise, ignorant? |
1600 | ''And is this wish and this desire common to all? |
1600 | ''And not only the possession, but the everlasting possession of the good?'' |
1600 | ''And what does he gain who possesses the good?'' |
1600 | ''And what may that be?'' |
1600 | ''And what,''I said,''is his power?'' |
1600 | ''And who are they?'' |
1600 | ''And who,''I said,''was his father, and who his mother?'' |
1600 | ''And you admitted that Love, because he was in want, desires those good and fair things of which he is in want?'' |
1600 | ''And you mean by the happy, those who are the possessors of things good or fair?'' |
1600 | ''But how can he be a god who has no portion in what is either good or fair?'' |
1600 | ''But who then, Diotima,''I said,''are the lovers of wisdom, if they are neither the wise nor the foolish?'' |
1600 | ''But why of generation?'' |
1600 | ''By those who know or by those who do not know?'' |
1600 | ''Do you know what I am meditating? |
1600 | ''How can that be?'' |
1600 | ''Hush,''she cried;''must that be foul which is not fair?'' |
1600 | ''Right opinion,''she replied;''which, as you know, being incapable of giving a reason, is not knowledge( for how can knowledge be devoid of reason? |
1600 | ''Still,''she said,''the answer suggests a further question: What is given by the possession of beauty?'' |
1600 | ''Then if this be the nature of love, can you tell me further,''she said,''what is the manner of the pursuit? |
1600 | ''Then love,''she said,''may be described generally as the love of the everlasting possession of the good?'' |
1600 | ''To which must be added that they love the possession of the good?'' |
1600 | ''What are you meditating?'' |
1600 | ''What do you mean, Diotima,''I said,''is love then evil and foul?'' |
1600 | ''What is he, Diotima?'' |
1600 | ''What then is Love?'' |
1600 | ''What then?'' |
1600 | ''What then?'' |
1600 | ''Why, then,''she rejoined,''are not all men, Socrates, said to love, but only some of them? |
1600 | ''Will you have a very drunken man as a companion of your revels? |
1600 | ''Would you desire better witness?'' |
1600 | And I remember her once saying to me,''What is the cause, Socrates, of love, and the attendant desire? |
1600 | And Socrates, looking at Eryximachus, said: Tell me, son of Acumenus, was there not reason in my fears? |
1600 | And am I not right in asserting that there are two goddesses? |
1600 | And are you not a flute- player? |
1600 | And as you have spoken so eloquently of his nature, may I ask you further, Whether love is the love of something or of nothing? |
1600 | And does he possess, or does he not possess, that which he loves and desires? |
1600 | And first tell me, he said, were you present at this meeting? |
1600 | And if this is true, Love is the love of beauty and not of deformity? |
1600 | And now, said Socrates, I will ask about Love:--Is Love of something or of nothing? |
1600 | And suppose further, that when he saw their perplexity he said:''Do you desire to be wholly one; always day and night to be in one another''s company? |
1600 | And the admission has been already made that Love is of something which a man wants and has not? |
1600 | And when you say, I desire that which I have and nothing else, is not your meaning that you want to have what you now have in the future?'' |
1600 | And would you call that beautiful which wants and does not possess beauty? |
1600 | And you would say the same of a mother? |
1600 | Are they not all the works of his wisdom, born and begotten of him? |
1600 | Are we to have neither conversation nor singing over our cups; but simply to drink as if we were thirsty? |
1600 | But Love desires the beautiful; and then arises the question, What does he desire of the beautiful? |
1600 | But before the many you would not be ashamed, if you thought that you were doing something disgraceful in their presence? |
1600 | But first tell me; if I come in shall we have the understanding of which I spoke( supra Will you have a very drunken man? |
1600 | But what have you done with Socrates? |
1600 | But why again does this extend not only to men but also to animals? |
1600 | By Heracles, he said, what is this? |
1600 | By all means; but who makes the third partner in our revels? |
1600 | Can you tell me why?'' |
1600 | Consider then: How can the drinking be made easiest? |
1600 | Do you expect to shoot your bolt and escape, Aristophanes? |
1600 | Eryximachus said: What is this, Alcibiades? |
1600 | First, is not love of something, and of something too which is wanting to a man? |
1600 | For he who is anything can not want to be that which he is? |
1600 | For what lover would not choose rather to be seen by all mankind than by his beloved, either when abandoning his post or throwing away his arms? |
1600 | He desires, of course, the possession of the beautiful;--but what is given by that? |
1600 | He must agree with us-- must he not? |
1600 | I am especially struck with the beauty of the concluding words-- who could listen to them without amazement? |
1600 | I asked;''Is he mortal?'' |
1600 | I said,''O thou stranger woman, thou sayest well; but, assuming Love to be such as you say, what is the use of him to men?'' |
1600 | I was astonished at her words, and said:''Is this really true, O thou wise Diotima?'' |
1600 | I will also tell, if you please-- and indeed I am bound to tell-- of his courage in battle; for who but he saved my life? |
1600 | Is he not like a Silenus in this? |
1600 | Is that the meaning of your praise? |
1600 | Is there anything?'' |
1600 | Man may be supposed to act thus from reason; but why should animals have these passionate feelings? |
1600 | May I say without impiety or offence, that of all the blessed gods he is the most blessed because he is the fairest and best? |
1600 | Of what am I speaking? |
1600 | On his appearing he and the host jest a little; the question is then asked by Pausanias, one of the guests,''What shall they do about drinking? |
1600 | Or shall I crown Agathon, which was my intention in coming, and go away? |
1600 | Or who would desert his beloved or fail him in the hour of danger? |
1600 | Or who would not have such children as Lycurgus left behind him to be the saviours, not only of Lacedaemon, but of Hellas, as one may say? |
1600 | See you how fond he is of the fair? |
1600 | She said to me:''And do you expect ever to become a master in the art of love, if you do not know this?'' |
1600 | So I gave him a shake, and I said:''Socrates, are you asleep?'' |
1600 | Socrates asks: Who are his father and mother? |
1600 | That is, of a brother or sister? |
1600 | The same to you, said Eryximachus; but what shall we do? |
1600 | Then Love wants and has not beauty? |
1600 | Then in wanting the beautiful, love wants also the good? |
1600 | Then it must have been a long while ago, he said; and who told you-- did Socrates? |
1600 | Then would you still say that love is beautiful? |
1600 | Then, said Glaucon, let us have the tale over again; is not the road to Athens just made for conversation? |
1600 | What are you about? |
1600 | What do you suppose must have been my feelings, after this rejection, at the thought of my own dishonour? |
1600 | What do you think, Eryximachus? |
1600 | What do you think? |
1600 | What do you want? |
1600 | What say you to going with me unasked? |
1600 | Who will deny that the creation of the animals is his doing? |
1600 | Who would not emulate them in the creation of children such as theirs, which have preserved their memory and given them everlasting glory? |
1600 | Who would not sooner have these children of the mind than the ordinary human ones? |
1600 | Who, if not you, should be the reporter of the words of your friend? |
1600 | Who, when he thinks of Homer and Hesiod and other great poets, would not rather have their children than ordinary human ones? |
1600 | Why then is there all this flutter and excitement about love? |
1600 | Why, my dear friend, said Socrates, must not I or any one be in a strait who has to speak after he has heard such a rich and varied discourse? |
1600 | Will that be agreeable to you? |
1600 | Will you drink with me or not?'' |
1600 | Will you laugh at me because I am drunk? |
1600 | Would he who is great, desire to be great, or he who is strong, desire to be strong? |
1600 | Would that be an ignoble life?'' |
1600 | Yet let me ask you one more question in order to illustrate my meaning: Is not a brother to be regarded essentially as a brother of something? |
1600 | You were quite right in coming, said Agathon; but where is he himself? |
1600 | and do all men always desire their own good, or only some men?--what say you?'' |
1600 | and was I not a true prophet when I said that Agathon would make a wonderful oration, and that I should be in a strait? |
1600 | and what is the object which they have in view? |
1600 | do you not see that there is a mean between wisdom and ignorance?'' |
1600 | etc.)? |
1600 | said Alcibiades: shall I attack him and inflict the punishment before you all? |
1600 | said Socrates; are you going to raise a laugh at my expense? |
1600 | what are they doing who show all this eagerness and heat which is called love? |
1642 | ''Are they really true?'' |
1642 | ''Is all the just pious?'' |
1642 | ''Then what part of justice is piety?'' |
1642 | And must you not allow that what is hated by one god may be liked by another? |
1642 | Are all these tales of the gods true, Euthyphro? |
1642 | As in the case of horses, you may observe that when attended to by the horseman''s art they are benefited and improved, are they not? |
1642 | But I see plainly that you are not disposed to instruct me-- clearly not: else why, when we reached the point, did you turn aside? |
1642 | But Socrates would like first of all to have a more satisfactory answer to the question,''What is piety?'' |
1642 | But although they are the givers of all good, how can we give them any good in return? |
1642 | But how do pious or holy acts make the gods any better? |
1642 | But in what way does he say that you corrupt the young? |
1642 | But just at present I would rather hear from you a more precise answer, which you have not as yet given, my friend, to the question, What is''piety''? |
1642 | But may there not be differences of opinion, as among men, so also among the gods? |
1642 | But what is the charge which he brings against you? |
1642 | But what is the meaning of''attending''to the gods? |
1642 | Do we not go at once to arithmetic, and put an end to them by a sum? |
1642 | Do you dissent? |
1642 | Do you mean that they are a sort of science of praying and sacrificing? |
1642 | Do you mean that we prefer requests and give gifts to them? |
1642 | Do you not agree? |
1642 | Do you not agree? |
1642 | Do you not recollect that there was one idea which made the impious impious, and the pious pious? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: And do you imagine, Socrates, that any benefit accrues to the gods from our gifts? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: And who is he? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: How do you mean, Socrates? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: Then some one else has been prosecuting you? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: What else, but tributes of honour; and, as I was just now saying, what pleases them? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: Why have you left the Lyceum, Socrates? |
1642 | EUTHYPHRO: Why not, Socrates? |
1642 | For surely neither God nor man will ever venture to say that the doer of injustice is not to be punished? |
1642 | Have you forgotten? |
1642 | How would you show that all the gods absolutely agree in approving of his act? |
1642 | I suppose that you follow me now? |
1642 | Is it not so? |
1642 | Is not piety in every action always the same? |
1642 | Is not that true? |
1642 | Please then to tell me, what is the nature of this service to the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Again, there is an art which ministers to the ship- builder with a view to the attainment of some result? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And I should also conceive that the art of the huntsman is the art of attending to dogs? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And are you not saying that what is loved of the gods is holy; and is not this the same as what is dear to them-- do you see? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And does piety or holiness, which has been defined to be the art of attending to the gods, benefit or improve them? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And further, Euthyphro, the gods were admitted to have enmities and hatreds and differences? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And is not attention always designed for the good or benefit of that to which the attention is given? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And is not that which is beloved distinct from that which loves? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And is, then, all which is just pious? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And now tell me, my good friend, about the art which ministers to the gods: what work does that help to accomplish? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And of the many and fair things done by the gods, which is the chief or principal one? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And of what is he accused? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And sacrificing is giving to the gods, and prayer is asking of the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And that which is dear to the gods is loved by them, and is in a state to be loved of them because it is loved of them? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And the quarrels of the gods, noble Euthyphro, when they occur, are of a like nature? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And the same is true of what is led and of what is seen? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And upon this view the same things, Euthyphro, will be pious and also impious? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And we end a controversy about heavy and light by resorting to a weighing machine? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And well said? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And what do you say of piety, Euthyphro: is not piety, according to your definition, loved by all the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And what is piety, and what is impiety? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And what is your suit, Euthyphro? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And what sort of difference creates enmity and anger? |
1642 | SOCRATES: And when you say this, can you wonder at your words not standing firm, but walking away? |
1642 | SOCRATES: As the art of the oxherd is the art of attending to oxen? |
1642 | SOCRATES: As there is an art which ministers to the house- builder with a view to the building of a house? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Because it is pious or holy, or for some other reason? |
1642 | SOCRATES: But do they admit their guilt, Euthyphro, and yet say that they ought not to be punished? |
1642 | SOCRATES: But for their good? |
1642 | SOCRATES: But if not, Euthyphro, what is the meaning of gifts which are conferred by us upon the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: But what differences are there which can not be thus decided, and which therefore make us angry and set us at enmity with one another? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Does not every man love that which he deems noble and just and good, and hate the opposite of them? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Good: but I must still ask what is this attention to the gods which is called piety? |
1642 | SOCRATES: I should suppose that the art of horsemanship is the art of attending to horses? |
1642 | SOCRATES: In like manner holiness or piety is the art of attending to the gods?--that would be your meaning, Euthyphro? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Is not that which is loved in some state either of becoming or suffering? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Is not the right way of asking to ask of them what we want? |
1642 | SOCRATES: It is loved because it is holy, not holy because it is loved? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Many and fair, too, are the works of the husbandman, if I am not mistaken; but his chief work is the production of food from the earth? |
1642 | SOCRATES: May not this be the reason, Euthyphro, why I am charged with impiety-- that I can not away with these stories about the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Medicine is also a sort of ministration or service, having in view the attainment of some object-- would you not say of health? |
1642 | SOCRATES: No doubt, Euthyphro; but you would admit that there are many other pious acts? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Nor is every one qualified to attend to dogs, but only the huntsman? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Of whom? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Or suppose that we differ about magnitudes, do we not quickly end the differences by measuring? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Ought we to enquire into the truth of this, Euthyphro, or simply to accept the mere statement on our own authority and that of others? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Piety, then, is pleasing to the gods, but not beneficial or dear to them? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Tell me then, oh tell me-- what is that fair work which the gods do by the help of our ministrations? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Then once more the assertion is repeated that piety is dear to the gods? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Then piety, Euthyphro, is an art which gods and men have of doing business with one another? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Then the same things are hated by the gods and loved by the gods, and are both hateful and dear to them? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Then we must begin again and ask, What is piety? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Then, if piety is a part of justice, I suppose that we should enquire what part? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Upon this view, then, piety is a science of asking and giving? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Well, but speaking of men, Euthyphro, did you ever hear any one arguing that a murderer or any sort of evil- doer ought to be let off? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Well; and now tell me, is that which is carried in this state of carrying because it is carried, or for some other reason? |
1642 | SOCRATES: What is the charge? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Who is he? |
1642 | SOCRATES: Why, has the fugitive wings? |
1642 | Shall I tell you in what respect? |
1642 | Shall this be our definition of piety and impiety? |
1642 | Socrates, who is desirous of stimulating the indolent intelligence of Euthyphro, raises the question in another manner:''Is all the pious just?'' |
1642 | Surely you can not be concerned in a suit before the King, like myself? |
1642 | Tell me, then-- Is not that which is pious necessarily just? |
1642 | To what end do we serve the gods, and what do we help them to accomplish? |
1642 | Was not that said? |
1642 | Were we not saying that the holy or pious was not the same with that which is loved of the gods? |
1642 | What are they? |
1642 | What do you say? |
1642 | What else can I say, confessing as I do, that I know nothing about them? |
1642 | What should I be good for without it? |
1642 | What then is piety? |
1642 | Would you not say that victory in war is the chief of them? |
1642 | Would you say that when you do a holy act you make any of the gods better? |
1642 | You know that in all such cases there is a difference, and you know also in what the difference lies? |
1642 | and what are you doing in the Porch of the King Archon? |
1642 | are you the pursuer or the defendant? |
1642 | my companion, and will you leave me in despair? |
1642 | my good man? |
1642 | or, is that which is pious all just, but that which is just, only in part and not all, pious? |
1181 | Laws,831 C. If it be pleaded that persuasion is his instrument, not violence; is that no reason rather for a deeper loathing? |
1181 | Rep.521 A;"Laws,"678 C. And you, Socrates, yourself( their host demanded), what is it you pride yourself upon? |
1181 | Where will he find a teacher to instruct him in that wisdom? |
1181 | ( 13) Does not this worthy person strike you as somewhat like a bully seeking to pick a quarrel? |
1181 | ( 16) But what( he added, turning to Critobulus) do you most pride yourself upon? |
1181 | ( 2) Was it not enough to set before your guests a faultless dinner, but you must feast our eyes and ears on sights and sounds the most delicious? |
1181 | ( 31) Now all is changed, and who will be at pains to ask me out to dinner any more? |
1181 | ( 32) Philippus would seem to have anticipated Mr. Woodward; see Prologue to"She Stoops to Conquer": Pray, would you know the reason I''m crying? |
1181 | ( 39) Are not all these the outward tokens of true loveliness? |
1181 | ( 56) Is Antisthenes thinking of Callias and Hermogenes? |
1181 | ( 6) Is that your statement? |
1181 | ( 70) Is not Xenophon imputing himself to Socrates? |
1181 | ( 8) Or,"Have you the knowledge also how to play the king?" |
1181 | ( 83)( Socrates exclaimed, when he heard that), what crime can they conceive your boy is guilty of that they should wish to make an end of him? |
1181 | ( 86) Is it not at your house that their noblest citizens are lodged as representatives of a foreign state? |
1181 | ( 90) Are you agreed to that? |
1181 | ( 92) Are you agreed to that? |
1181 | ( 98)( 98) Or,"going to give up business, and hand on the trade to me as your successor?" |
1181 | ( cried Antisthenes); and pray how? |
1181 | 142 D. You have not forgotten( interposed Antisthenes), perhaps, that besides yourself there is not a rhapsodist who does not know these epics? |
1181 | 158 C. The company were charmed to hear him speak, and turned and looked; and some one asked: On what is it then, Autolycus? |
1181 | And I must needs believe you, for are you not all honourable men? |
1181 | And amongst all animals, you will tell us that the crab has loveliest eyes? |
1181 | And did you ever come across a sillier tribe of people than these same rhapsodists? |
1181 | And do you pretend to make their souls more righteous by putting money in their pockets? |
1181 | And how do you do that, good sir? |
1181 | And if his name died on my lips, think you my mind would less recall his memory? |
1181 | And if that happened, you on your side, it appears, believe the boy will be corrupted? |
1181 | And is he the better go- between who can make his clients pleasing to one person only, or can make them pleasing to a number? |
1181 | And is there anything more transcendental than the gods? |
1181 | And now you, Lycon, tell us, wo n''t you( asked Antisthenes), what it is you take the greatest pride in? |
1181 | And now, sir, if you do not like this frigid( 10) argument, why do you cause me trouble? |
1181 | And pray, do they repay you these same moneys? |
1181 | And there are words that bear the stamp of hate, and words that tend to friendliness? |
1181 | And this friendship, what is it? |
1181 | And to this his very name bears witness, for is it not written in Homer? |
1181 | And what may that be? |
1181 | And what use will you make of them? |
1181 | And whence shall a man obtain this chrism? |
1181 | And why? |
1181 | And you, Hermogenes, on what do you plume yourself most highly? |
1181 | And, further, that towards agreeableness, one step at any rate consists in wearing a becoming fashion of the hair and dress? |
1181 | Are you agreed it is the business of a good go- between to make him( or her) on whom he plies his art agreeable to those with them? |
1181 | Are you agreed? |
1181 | Are you aware that you at present are annoying us by silence? |
1181 | Are you that person commonly nicknamed the thinker? |
1181 | At this remark they turned their eyes upon the speaker, and several spoke together, asking: Will you make them known to us? |
1181 | At which sight Callias, turning to the father: Do you know you are the richest man in the whole world, Lycon? |
1181 | But consider, a snubness of the nose, how is that more beautiful than straightness? |
1181 | But how is it that you alone, Antisthenes, you misanthrope, love nobody? |
1181 | But if my tongue is not to wag, whatever shall I do to earn my dinner? |
1181 | But the lover who depends upon the body,( 41) what of him? |
1181 | But what can he expect, who stretches forth an eager hand to clutch the body, save to be treated( 47) as a beggar? |
1181 | But what is it you keep on laughing at-- the wish on my part to reduce to moderate size a paunch a trifle too rotund? |
1181 | But whence, then? |
1181 | Can you explain to us? |
1181 | Can you tell me, then, what need is satisfied by our eyes? |
1181 | Did ever man anoint himself with oil of myrrh to please his fellow? |
1181 | Do you consider that the quality of beauty is confined to man, or is it to be found in other objects also? |
1181 | Do you hear that, my son? |
1181 | Do you hesitate? |
1181 | Eh, bless my ears, what''s that? |
1181 | First, why should love- for- love be given to such a lover? |
1181 | For what lover would not choose rather to be seen by all mankind than by his beloved, either when abandoning his post or throwing away his arms? |
1181 | Have you the cramp? |
1181 | Here Callias demanded: And when our friend( Antisthenes) essays to cross- examine people( 3) at a banquet, what kind of piping( 4) should he have? |
1181 | Here Lycon interposed: That may be well enough for youths, but what shall we do whose gymnastic days are over? |
1181 | How can you boast of so discredited an art? |
1181 | How is it possible that things, in no respect resembling one another, should each and all be beautiful? |
1181 | How so? |
1181 | How value less the gods, not more, if being above us they make the void of use to send us rain, and cause their light to shine on us? |
1181 | How, in the first place, is it possible for him to hate a lover who, he knows, regards him as both beautiful and good? |
1181 | Is it not from want? |
1181 | Is that conclusive? |
1181 | Is that the source of merriment? |
1181 | Must I discourse to you in answer to the flute? |
1181 | No doubt, upon the boy? |
1181 | Oh, Socrates( he answered, deprecatingly), will you not leave it to the arbitrament of Cleinias? |
1181 | Or would desert his beloved or fail him in the hour of danger? |
1181 | Pray how? |
1181 | Pray( interposed Antisthenes),( 7) do you also know the way to be a king? |
1181 | Pray, do you find it so ridiculous my wishing to improve my health by exercise? |
1181 | Pray, where''s the wonder? |
1181 | Sausage Seller.... What for? |
1181 | Shall we feast on perfumes also? |
1181 | Since when, then? |
1181 | Since when? |
1181 | So beautiful you claim to rival me, you boaster? |
1181 | Socrates replied: Do you suppose the sad condition of the patient dates from the moment only of our intimacy? |
1181 | The good go- between will therefore make his choice between them, and teach only what conduces to agreeableness? |
1181 | The other( in a tone of deep vexation): Pray, what thing of the sort are you aware I ever perpetrated? |
1181 | Then Callias: What ails you, sirrah? |
1181 | Then Socrates: Will you never tire of repeating that one name? |
1181 | Then you possess large property in land? |
1181 | They could hear the question asked by Dionysus, did she love him? |
1181 | This is obvious; or else, why do states and nations, one and all, inquire of the gods by divination what they ought to do and what they ought not? |
1181 | To come to our two noses, which is the more handsome, yours or mine? |
1181 | To which the host: And that reminds me, a supply of unguents might not be amiss;( 3) what say you? |
1181 | Was Cleinias there as a"muta persona"? |
1181 | Well then, do they requite your gifts of gold with gratitude? |
1181 | Well, and what is it you pride yourself upon, Antisthenes? |
1181 | Well, let that be( the other answered); answer me one question: How many fleas''feet distance is it, pray, from you to me? |
1181 | Well, on what then? |
1181 | What can it be, you laughter- making man, except to set folk laughing? |
1181 | What does it seem? |
1181 | What fragrance is left for us? |
1181 | What have you to say to justify your choice? |
1181 | What is your belief on this point? |
1181 | What( Socrates rejoined), shall you be able to maintain that by your beauty you can make us better? |
1181 | What, then, to nothing, and to nobody? |
1181 | What, whilst you are talking? |
1181 | What, would you have me imitate Nicostratus( 1) the actor, reciting his tetrameters( 2) to the music of the fife? |
1181 | What, would you have me then compare him to worse villains? |
1181 | When shall I find my willing heart All taken up by Thee? |
1181 | Whereat Socrates turned to the silent man, and thus accosted him: Hermogenes, what is a drunken brawl? |
1181 | Whereat Socrates: When will you have done with your gibes, Callias? |
1181 | Whereupon Hermogenes inquired: Had he then a large amount of money? |
1181 | Which surely is a better fate than to be called a thoughtless person? |
1181 | Whom do we choose to bear the sacred olive- shoot( 31) in honour of Athena?--whom else save beautiful old men? |
1181 | Why do men steal? |
1181 | You can render people just to all the world, but towards yourself you can not? |
1181 | You do n''t spend nights with him? |
1181 | and with the same tongue and lips and voice may speak with modesty or boastfulnes? |
1181 | and you, sir( turning to the Syracusan), what do you pride yourself upon? |
1181 | are you going to pass on the business? |
1181 | because, forsooth, he bestows upon himself what he desires, and upon his minion things of dire reproach? |
1181 | by teaching them some base mechanic art? |
1181 | exclaimed another; to which a third rejoined:"Why should it not be learnt as well as other things?" |
1181 | he there-- caught me only the other morning in the act of dancing? |
1181 | is it likely( he replied), considering I had to listen to them almost daily? |
1181 | or is it the sort of exercise I set my heart on? |
1181 | or teaching them nobility of soul? |
1181 | or that what he hastens to exact, infallibly must separate that other from his nearest friends? |
1181 | or to enjoy my victuals better? |
1181 | the toothache? |
1181 | to sleep better? |
1181 | what ampler greatcoat than the tiles above my head? |
1181 | what? |
1181 | why break burglariously into houses? |
1181 | why hale men and women captive and make slaves of them? |
1181 | will you devolve this art of yours on me as your successor, Socrates? |
1181 | you do n''t say so? |
1174 | And how many dwelling- houses have you? 1174 Are the men of Piraeus,"they asked,"prepared to surrender Piraeus and Munychia in the same way? |
1174 | As long as their own bodies were safe and sound, why need they take to heart the loss of a few wooden hulls? 1174 Do you not see,"he urged,"that your success followed close on the heels of necessity? |
1174 | I ask then is the man who tenders such advice in the full light of day justly to be regarded as a traitor, and not as a benefactor? 1174 Men of Lacedaemon and of the allied states,"he said,"are you aware of a silent but portentous growth within the bosom of Hellas? |
1174 | Such being our unbiased wishes,he continued,"for what earthly reason should( the Hellenes or) the king go to war with us? |
1174 | Was he to continue his advance? |
1174 | Were these magistrates, or merely popular leaders? |
1174 | While, then, I am on my way thither,rejoined Agesilaus,"will you support my army with provisions?" |
1174 | Why yield obedience to these Thirty? |
1174 | ( 14) Or,"are you aware of a new power growing up in Hellas?" |
1174 | ( 14) What is the date of this incident? |
1174 | ( 5) Accordingly the ephors questioned their informant:"How say you the occurrence is to take place?" |
1174 | ( 5) Is it not self- evident that your safety altogether depends upon the sea? |
1174 | ( 7) Then, as the inquiry went on, the question came:"And where did they propose to find arms?" |
1174 | ( 8) In what part of Hellas, tell me, sir, do Hellenes keep a truce with traitors, double- dyed deserters, and tyrants? |
1174 | ( 8) Or,"what consistency is there between these precepts of yours and political independence?" |
1174 | 369? |
1174 | 400(?). |
1174 | 400- 399(?). |
1174 | 401(?). |
1174 | 416? |
1174 | Accordingly he sent to Pharnabazus and put it to him point- blank: Which will you have, peace or war? |
1174 | Again he replied-- How could he trust to their words when they had lied to him already? |
1174 | Agesilaus:"Have you observed how beautiful his son is?" |
1174 | And as to men, which will be the better able to man vessels, think you-- Athens, or ourselves with our stalwart and numerous Penestae? |
1174 | And as to their confident spirit, who shall attempt to describe it? |
1174 | And being asked,"What act( would satisfy him)?" |
1174 | And what shall we say of the Corinthians? |
1174 | And when the latter demurred to that solution, asking"What sort of trial that would be where the offenders were also the judges?" |
1174 | But after dinner, when Cyrus drank to his health, asking him"What he could do to gratify him most?" |
1174 | But tell me, Cinadon,''I said to him,''why have you bidden me count them?'' |
1174 | But the Eleians? |
1174 | But they seemed to tarry a long time, and Agesilaus asked:"What say you, King Otys-- shall we summon him hither ourselves? |
1174 | But what of the man who pleases neither? |
1174 | Can it be our duty at all to spare him? |
1174 | Did you not say just now, Sir, that you came to make an alliance on terms of absolute equality,''share and share alike''? |
1174 | Do you imagine that you may be robbed of the power of life and death over whom you please, should you condescend to a legal trial? |
1174 | Do you know the poem?" |
1174 | Do you not agree? |
1174 | Do you not think that the ephors themselves, and the whole commonwealth besides, would hold this renegade worthy of condign punishment? |
1174 | For what does the alternative mean? |
1174 | For what were their services to you? |
1174 | Had he not been defeated in Lacedaemon, with a large body of heavy infantry, by a handful of men? |
1174 | Had we been forced to meet them vanguard to vanguard, on an equal footing, who could have been surprised? |
1174 | Have I not avenged you of your enemy?" |
1174 | He said,"Men of Athens, do you not see how you are being deluded? |
1174 | He sat down, and then Procles of Phlius got up and spoke as follows:"What would happen, men of Athens, if the Lacedaemonians were well out of the way? |
1174 | How many friends have they left to them to- day? |
1174 | How shall I, who dealt justice upon him, justly suffer death at your hands? |
1174 | How shall you longer be held blameless before that fatherland which honours you and in which you fare so well?'' |
1174 | If danger were ever again to visit Hellas from the barbarian world outside, in whom would you place your confidence if not in the Lacedaemonians? |
1174 | If so, what fairer test of courage will you propose than the arbitrament of war-- the war just ended? |
1174 | If, then, you have no monopoly of justice, can it be on the score of courage that you are warranted to hold your heads so high? |
1174 | In danger, do I say, of losing their lives? |
1174 | Is it not plain that these preparations are for an expedition which will do us some mischief?" |
1174 | Is it not then reasonable that out of agreement should spring concord rather than discord? |
1174 | Is it that you are more just than ourselves? |
1174 | Is it their wide empire of which you are afraid? |
1174 | It is this: Satyrus, bade him"Be silent, or he would rue the day;"to which he made answer,"And if I be silent, shall I not rue it?" |
1174 | Jason, if all you say be true, why do you hesitate? |
1174 | Leotychides:"How so, seeing that I am not dead?" |
1174 | Nor was Thebes an exception; for was not the governor a brother of Agesilaus? |
1174 | Of Pellene( or Pellana) in Laconia, not Pellene in Achaia? |
1174 | Or is it conceivable that he prefers spending money in making others great to finding his favourite projects realised without expense? |
1174 | Or is it on these Laconian friends of yours that you pride yourselves? |
1174 | Or,"upon the strand or coast road or coast land of Achaia"( aliter{ ten aigialon}(?) |
1174 | Otys asked:"Is Spithridates of one mind with you in this proposal?" |
1174 | Otys:"Why not ask if your project pleases Spithridates too?" |
1174 | Ought we not rather, when we know the doublings of his nature, to guard against them, lest we enable him presently to practise on ourselves? |
1174 | Pharnabazus replied:"Shall I tell you plainly what I will do?" |
1174 | Presently the question rose, How they were to get money to pay their guards? |
1174 | Suppose, then, we were to shake hands, from what quarter can we reasonably anticipate danger and trouble? |
1174 | That which I have pictured as desirable, or that which my colleagues yonder are producing? |
1174 | The Thebans, it was certain, would soon be with them; for had they not borrowed ten talents( 20) from Elis in order to be able to send aid? |
1174 | The ephors asked:"How many do you reckon are in the secret of this matter?" |
1174 | The two armies were now close together, when one of the older men lifted up his voice and cried:"Why need we fight, sirs? |
1174 | Then Meidias asked,"And where am I to live, Dercylidas?" |
1174 | Then, again, what was the proper depth of line to be given to the different army corps? |
1174 | Trubner, 1884)? |
1174 | Was Gytheum taken? |
1174 | Was ever bride led home by such an escort of cavalry and light- armed troops and heavy infantry, as shall escort your wife home to your palace?" |
1174 | Was it not the people itself, the democracy, who voted the constitution of the Four Hundred? |
1174 | Was it not, pray, the great king who demanded that all the states in Hellas should be independent? |
1174 | Was not my door open in old days to every comer? |
1174 | Was there not timber enough and to spare in the king''s territory?" |
1174 | Was this portion of the"Hellenica"written before the expedition of Cyrus? |
1174 | Well, then, freedom given and wealth added-- what more would you desire to fill the cup of happiness to overflowing?" |
1174 | Well, then, how does the matter stand? |
1174 | Were ever nuptials celebrated on so grand a scale before? |
1174 | What are you afraid of, that you press forward with such hot haste? |
1174 | What in heaven''s name are we to call him? |
1174 | What then, when he came furnished with vile moneys, to corrupt you therewith, to bribe you to make him once more lord and master of the state? |
1174 | What, I ask you, of a man who so openly studied the art of self- seeking, deaf alike to the pleas of honour and to the claims of friendship? |
1174 | When he had reached that city the first move was made by Tissaphernes, who sent asking,"With what purpose he was come thither?" |
1174 | When the inventory of the paternal property was completed, he proceeded:"Tell me, Meidias, to whom did Mania belong?" |
1174 | When they were seated Dercylidas put certain questions:"Tell me, Meidias, did your father leave you heir to his estates?" |
1174 | Who else but they have now brought it about that we should be fined for appearing at Lacedaemon? |
1174 | Why not rather make truce and part friends?" |
1174 | Will some one of you escort me to the place where the property of Mania and Pharnabazus lies?" |
1174 | With which condition of affairs here in Athens do you think will Thrasybulus and Anytus and the other exiles be the better pleased? |
1174 | Would not leniency towards such a creature be misplaced? |
1174 | and for what purpose but to deter any one else for the future from venturing to expose the proceedings at Phlius?" |
1174 | and what have we Athenians, who are in full agreement with the king, both in word and deed, to fear from him? |
1174 | how much pasturage?" |
1174 | how, again, was he to prevent Pharnabazus from overriding the Hellenic states in pure contempt with his cavalry? |
1174 | or is it not more likely a Persian or native word, Karanos? |
1174 | or is{ koiranos} the connecting link? |
1174 | or why should he expend his money? |
1174 | or why, when we tell them that we have no need of them at present, do they insist on preparing for a foreign campaign? |
1174 | the Achaeans? |
1174 | the Arcadians? |
1174 | they asked,"Why assign to them the privilege of destroying the State?" |
1174 | what evil have we wrought you at any time? |
1174 | what is it really that has brought us here? |
1174 | what landed estates? |
1174 | why do you not march at once against Pharsalia?" |
1174 | why would you slay us? |
1174 | you-- Critias? |
1174 | { karenon})= chief? |
1580 | ), said he; did I ever acknowledge that those who do the business of others are temperate? |
1580 | Admitting this view, I ask of you, what good work, worthy of the name wise, does temperance or wisdom, which is the science of itself, effect? |
1580 | And are not we looking and seeking after something more than is to be found in her? |
1580 | And are they temperate, seeing that they make not for themselves or their own business only? |
1580 | And are you about to use violence, without even going through the forms of justice? |
1580 | And can that be good which does not make men good? |
1580 | And do they make or do their own business only, or that of others also? |
1580 | And does not he who does his duty act temperately or wisely? |
1580 | And he who does so does his duty? |
1580 | And he who judges rightly will judge of the physician as a physician in what relates to these? |
1580 | And he who would enquire into the nature of medicine must pursue the enquiry into health and disease, and not into what is extraneous? |
1580 | And in all that concerns either body or soul, swiftness and activity are clearly better than slowness and quietness? |
1580 | And in leaping and running and in bodily exercises generally, quickness and agility are good; slowness, and inactivity, and quietness, are bad? |
1580 | And in playing the lyre, or wrestling, quickness or sharpness are far better than quietness and slowness? |
1580 | And is it not better to teach another quickly and energetically, rather than quietly and slowly? |
1580 | And is not shrewdness a quickness or cleverness of the soul, and not a quietness? |
1580 | And is temperance a good? |
1580 | And medicine is distinguished from other sciences as having the subject- matter of health and disease? |
1580 | And that knowledge which is nearest of all, I said, is the knowledge of what? |
1580 | And the inference is that temperance can not be modesty-- if temperance is a good, and if modesty is as much an evil as a good? |
1580 | And the odd and even numbers are not the same with the art of computation? |
1580 | And the same holds in boxing and in the pancratium? |
1580 | And the temperate are also good? |
1580 | And they are right, and you would agree with them? |
1580 | And to read quickly or slowly? |
1580 | And was there anything meddling or intemperate in this? |
1580 | And what if I am? |
1580 | And what is it? |
1580 | And what is the meaning of a man doing his own business? |
1580 | And which is better, to call to mind, and to remember, quickly and readily, or quietly and slowly? |
1580 | And which, I said, is better-- facility in learning, or difficulty in learning? |
1580 | And why, he replied, will not wisdom be of use? |
1580 | And will wisdom give health? |
1580 | And yet if reading and writing are the same as doing, you were doing what was not your own business? |
1580 | And yet were you not saying, just now, that craftsmen might be temperate in doing another''s work, as well as in doing their own? |
1580 | And you would infer that temperance is not only noble, but also good? |
1580 | Are not these, my friend, the real advantages which are to be gained from wisdom? |
1580 | Are you right, Charmides? |
1580 | But all sciences have a subject: number is the subject of arithmetic, health of medicine-- what is the subject of temperance or wisdom? |
1580 | But can any one attain the knowledge of either unless he have a knowledge of medicine? |
1580 | But even if knowledge can know itself, how does the knowledge of what we know imply the knowledge of what we do not know? |
1580 | But is knowledge or want of knowledge of health the same as knowledge or want of knowledge of justice? |
1580 | But must the physician necessarily know when his treatment is likely to prove beneficial, and when not? |
1580 | But of what is this knowledge? |
1580 | But surely we are assuming a science of this kind, which, having no subject- matter, is a science of itself and of the other sciences? |
1580 | But temperance, whose presence makes men only good, and not bad, is always good? |
1580 | But then what profit, Critias, I said, is there any longer in wisdom or temperance which yet remains, if this is wisdom? |
1580 | But what matter, said Charmides, from whom I heard this? |
1580 | But where does Dr. Jackson find any such notion as this in Plato or anywhere in ancient philosophy? |
1580 | But which is best when you are at the writing- master''s, to write the same letters quickly or quietly? |
1580 | But which most tends to make him happy? |
1580 | But why do you not call him, and show him to us? |
1580 | Can you show me any such result of them? |
1580 | Can you tell me? |
1580 | Chaerephon called me and said: What do you think of him, Socrates? |
1580 | Could there be any desire which is not the desire of any pleasure, but of itself, and of all other desires? |
1580 | Did you ever observe that this is what they say? |
1580 | Do you admit that? |
1580 | Do you mean a knowledge of shoemaking? |
1580 | Do you mean that this doing or making, or whatever is the word which you would use, of good actions, is temperance? |
1580 | For is not the discovery of things as they truly are, a good common to all mankind? |
1580 | For why should Aristotle, because he has quoted several Dialogues of Plato, have quoted them all? |
1580 | Has he not a beautiful face? |
1580 | Have we not long ago asseverated that wisdom is only the knowledge of knowledge and of ignorance, and of nothing else? |
1580 | He will consider whether what he says is true, and whether what he does is right, in relation to health and disease? |
1580 | How can you think that I have any other motive in refuting you but what I should have in examining into myself? |
1580 | How is that? |
1580 | How is this riddle to be explained? |
1580 | How so? |
1580 | How then can wisdom be advantageous, when giving no advantage? |
1580 | How will wisdom, regarded only as a knowledge of knowledge or science of science, ever teach him that he knows health, or that he knows building? |
1580 | I asked; do you mean to say that doing and making are not the same? |
1580 | I have no particular drift, but I wish that you would tell me whether a physician who cures a patient may do good to himself and good to another also? |
1580 | I said, or without my consent? |
1580 | I said; is not this rather the effect of medicine? |
1580 | I was, he replied; but what is your drift? |
1580 | In order, then, that I may form a conjecture whether you have temperance abiding in you or not, tell me, I said, what, in your opinion, is Temperance? |
1580 | Is it of him you are speaking or of some one else? |
1580 | Is not medicine, I said, the science of health? |
1580 | Is not that true? |
1580 | Is not that true? |
1580 | Is not that true? |
1580 | Is that true? |
1580 | Is the scribe, for example, to be regarded as doing nothing when he reads or writes? |
1580 | Just as that which is greater is of a nature to be greater than something else? |
1580 | Let us consider the matter in this way: If the wise man or any other man wants to distinguish the true physician from the false, how will he proceed? |
1580 | May I infer this to be the knowledge of the game of draughts? |
1580 | Now, I want to know, what is that which is not wisdom, and of which wisdom is the science? |
1580 | Or can you imagine a wish which wishes for no good, but only for itself and all other wishes? |
1580 | Or did you ever know of a fear which fears itself or other fears, but has no object of fear? |
1580 | Or does wisdom do the work of any of the other arts,--do they not each of them do their own work? |
1580 | Or if there be a double which is double of itself and of other doubles, these will be halves; for the double is relative to the half? |
1580 | Or in wool, or wood, or anything of that sort? |
1580 | Or is there a kind of hearing which hears no sound at all, but only itself and other sorts of hearing, or the defects of them? |
1580 | Or of an opinion which is an opinion of itself and of other opinions, and which has no opinion on the subjects of opinion in general? |
1580 | Or of computation? |
1580 | Or of health? |
1580 | Or of working in brass? |
1580 | Or would you say that there is a love which is not the love of beauty, but of itself and of other loves? |
1580 | Please, therefore, to inform me whether you admit the truth of what Critias has been saying;--have you or have you not this quality of temperance? |
1580 | Shall I tell you the nature of the difficulty? |
1580 | Shall I tell you, Socrates, why I say all this? |
1580 | Shall we speak of the soul and its qualities, of virtue, power, wisdom, and the like, as feminine or neuter? |
1580 | That is your meaning? |
1580 | The beautiful youth, Charmides, who is also the most temperate of human beings, is asked by Socrates,''What is Temperance?'' |
1580 | Then I suppose that modesty is and is not good? |
1580 | Then he who is ignorant of these things will only know that he knows, but not what he knows? |
1580 | Then how will this knowledge or science teach him to know what he knows? |
1580 | Then not he who does evil, but he who does good, is temperate? |
1580 | Then temperance, I said, will not be doing one''s own business; not at least in this way, or doing things of this sort? |
1580 | Then, I said, in all bodily actions, not quietness, but the greatest agility and quickness, is noblest and best? |
1580 | Then, as would seem, in doing good, he may act wisely or temperately, and be wise or temperate, but not know his own wisdom or temperance? |
1580 | Then, before we see his body, should we not ask him to show us his soul, naked and undisguised? |
1580 | Then, in reference to the body, not quietness, but quickness will be the higher degree of temperance, if temperance is a good? |
1580 | Think over all this, and, like a brave youth, tell me-- What is temperance? |
1580 | Very good, I said; and are you quite sure that you know my name? |
1580 | Very good, I said; and did you not admit, just now, that temperance is noble? |
1580 | Very good, I said; and now let me repeat my question-- Do you admit, as I was just now saying, that all craftsmen make or do something? |
1580 | Was he a fool who told you, Charmides? |
1580 | Was he right who affirmed that? |
1580 | Was not that your statement? |
1580 | Was not this, Critias, what we spoke of as the great advantage of wisdom-- to know what is known and what is unknown to us? |
1580 | Well then, this science of which we are speaking is a science of something, and is of a nature to be a science of something? |
1580 | Well, I said; but surely you would agree with Homer when he says,''Modesty is not good for a needy man''? |
1580 | Were we not right in making that admission? |
1580 | What do you mean? |
1580 | What do you mean? |
1580 | What is that? |
1580 | What makes you think so? |
1580 | Which is less, if the other is conceived to be greater? |
1580 | Who is he, I said; and who is his father? |
1580 | Why not, I said; but will he come? |
1580 | Why not? |
1580 | With my consent? |
1580 | Yes, I said; and facility in learning is learning quickly, and difficulty in learning is learning quietly and slowly? |
1580 | Yet I should like to know one thing more: which of the different kinds of knowledge makes him happy? |
1580 | You sirs, I said, what are you conspiring about? |
1580 | and in what cases do you mean? |
1580 | or do all equally make him happy? |
1580 | or must the craftsman necessarily know when he is likely to be benefited, and when not to be benefited, by the work which he is doing? |
1580 | the knowledge of what past, present, or future thing? |
1666 | And Byrrhena spake unto mee and sayd, I pray you Cousine how like you our countrey? |
1666 | And dost thou live here as a ghost or hogge, to our great shame and ignominy? |
1666 | And if it had so come to passe that this fearefull maid had beene slaine by him, what danger had we beene in? |
1666 | And moreover she sayd, O Lucius, I have nourished thee with myne owne proper hand: and why not? |
1666 | And to counterfeit the matter, he would come to Charites and say: O what a losse have I had of my friend, my fellow, my companion Lepolemus? |
1666 | And when I was out I cried, O sirrah Hostler where art thou? |
1666 | And wil you not cease in your husbands armes? |
1666 | And you( you harlot) doe you not goe to see your parents? |
1666 | And( espying a Church on the top of a high hill) she said, What can I tell whether my husband and master be there or no? |
1666 | Are you in the mind that you will not tarry in Thessaly? |
1666 | Art thou afraid of the old woman more then halfe dead, whom with a stripe of thy heele thou maist easily dispatch? |
1666 | Be you not afraid of spirits? |
1666 | But I finely feigning and colouring the matter for the time, did breake off his talk, and tooke him by the hand and sayd, Why tarry we? |
1666 | But I pray you tell me how have you been the cause and mean of my trouble and sorrow? |
1666 | But Venus began to cry and sayd, What hath my sonne gotten any Love? |
1666 | But what gainest thou through my delay? |
1666 | But whither shall I fly? |
1666 | Canst thou not goe? |
1666 | Come on, we will beare you company? |
1666 | Commest thou hither to eat, where we should weepe and lament? |
1666 | Couldest not thou( that so often in his life time diddest spurne and kicke him) defend him now at the point of death by the like meane? |
1666 | Did not I alwayes give thee a charge? |
1666 | Did not I gently will thee to beware? |
1666 | Do dead men use to run away in this Countrey? |
1666 | Doest thou not know( Foole as thou art) if thou be naked, if ten Gyants should assaile thee, they could not spoyle or rob thee? |
1666 | Doth he seeme alwayes unto you to be a childe? |
1666 | For what availed the theeves: the beasts savage: thy great servitude: the ill and dangerous waits: the long passages: the feare of death every day? |
1666 | How happy shall we be, that shall see this Infant nourished amongst so great plenty of Treasure? |
1666 | How shall I represse this beast? |
1666 | I being then forced by necessity, though it were against my wil, uncovered the bodies: but O good Lord what a strange sight did I see, what a monster? |
1666 | I pray thee gentle bird that doest serve me so faithfully, tell me what she is, and what is her name that hath troubled my son in such sort? |
1666 | If Jupiter transformed himselfe into a Bull, why may it not be that under the shape of this Asse, is hidden the figure of a man, or some power divine? |
1666 | If you be a bird, where shall I seek you, and when shall I see you? |
1666 | In their returne homeward they murmured within themselves, saying, How say you sister to so apparent a lye of Psyches? |
1666 | In what cave or darknesse shall I hide my selfe, to avoid the furor of Venus? |
1666 | Is this an honest thing, is this honourable to thy parents? |
1666 | Know you not in what place you be? |
1666 | Know you not that we use to take no gage, unless it be either plate or Jewels? |
1666 | Knowst thou not that the theeves have ordained to slay thee? |
1666 | Mary( quoth shee) do you see these Bay windowes, which on one side abut to the gates of the city, and on the other side to the next lane? |
1666 | O rash and bold lampe, the vile ministery of love, how darest thou bee so bold as to burne the god of all fire? |
1666 | Or have you forgotten of what yeares he is? |
1666 | Or shall I seeke for counsel of every poore rusticall woman? |
1666 | Or why did they not slay thee likewise? |
1666 | Passe you all the day and the night in weeping? |
1666 | Saw you not sister what was in the house, what great store of jewels, what glittering robes, what Gemmes, what gold we trod on? |
1666 | Shall I aske ayd of myne enemy Sobriety, whom I have often offended to engender thee? |
1666 | The Hostler lying behinde the stable doore upon a pallet, and half asleepe, What( quoth hee) doe you not know that the wayes be very dangerous? |
1666 | Then Thrasillus having found opportunity to worke his treason, said to Lepolemus: What stand we here amazed? |
1666 | Then Venus with indignation cried out, What is it she? |
1666 | Then answered he, I will tell you soone, but brother I pray you tell mee of your comming from the isle of Euboea, and how you sped by the way? |
1666 | Then he laughed upon me saying: How long shall we nourish and keepe this fiery Asse in vaine? |
1666 | Then one of the shepheards said: Why doe we not make sacrifice of this common adulterous Asse? |
1666 | Then one of them that came last answered, Why are you only ignorant, that the greater the number is, the sooner they may rob and spoyle the house? |
1666 | Then said Fotis, Wil you go about to deceive me now, and inforce me to work my own sorrow? |
1666 | Then said I, It is well nigh day, and moreover, what can theeves take from him that hath nothing? |
1666 | Then said the shepheards, What? |
1666 | Then there came forth a maid which said, Ho sirrah that knocks so fast, in what kinde of sort will you borrow money? |
1666 | Then thought I with my selfe, Alasse where is faith? |
1666 | Then with resemblance of admiration, What( quoth I) is she so excellent a person as you name her to be? |
1666 | To what a point am I now driven? |
1666 | To whom I answered, I pray you maid speak more gently, and tel me whether thy master be within or no? |
1666 | To whom he made answere saying: Doe you looke for any meate or drinke, or any other refection here? |
1666 | To whom shall I seeme to tell any similitude of truth, when as I shall tell the trueth in deed? |
1666 | We most humbly intreat you to pardon his fault if he have accorded to the mind of any maiden: what do you not know that he is a young man? |
1666 | What a comfort will it be unto all the house? |
1666 | What crime hast thou committed? |
1666 | What did he think that I was a bawd, by whose shew he fell acquainted with the maid? |
1666 | What do I finde heere? |
1666 | What do I know whether he( whom I seeke for) be in his mothers house or no? |
1666 | What is he that in so short a space can become so old? |
1666 | What is that? |
1666 | What judgement was there likewise amongst the Athenian lawyers, sage and expert in all sciences? |
1666 | What lodging shall I seek? |
1666 | What meane you to revenge your selves upon us, that doe you no harme? |
1666 | What meane you to rise at this time of night? |
1666 | What shall I do? |
1666 | What sudden change of all my sorrows? |
1666 | What thinke you to gaine by us? |
1666 | What, dost thou make thy selfe ignorant, as though thou didst not understand what travell wee have taken in searching for thee? |
1666 | What, thinke you( quoth she) to deprive our young men of the price of your ransome? |
1666 | What? |
1666 | When night was passed Venus called Psyches, and said, Seest thou yonder Forest that extendeth out in length with the river? |
1666 | Where is his great and new cut? |
1666 | Where is his wound? |
1666 | Where is remorse of conscience? |
1666 | Where is the Sponge? |
1666 | Wherefore sell you this fish so deare, which is not worth a halfepenny? |
1666 | Which when I heard, I sayd to one who passed by, What is here to doe? |
1666 | Which when her husband did heare, he demanded of her by what reason she knew it? |
1666 | Whither shall I goe? |
1666 | Who is he that passeth by the way and will not take me up? |
1666 | Why did they spare thee that stood by and saw them commit that horrible fact? |
1666 | Why do I not take a good heart, and offer my selfe with humilitie unto her, whose anger I have wrought? |
1666 | Why do we not give him to some body for he earneth not his hay? |
1666 | Why doe I delay? |
1666 | Why dost thou not looke for thy death? |
1666 | Why dost thou not rather tell us where thou hast hidden the boy whom thou hast slaine? |
1666 | Why dost thou rashly yeeld unto thy last perill and danger? |
1666 | Why dost thou seek thine own harme, and mine likewise? |
1666 | Why knocke ye your breasts for me? |
1666 | Why leese we so worthy a prey with our feminine hearts? |
1666 | Why lose wee the pleasure of this faire morning? |
1666 | Why show we our selves like dastards? |
1666 | Why soyle ye your faces with teares, which I ought to adore and worship? |
1666 | Why teare you my eyes in yours? |
1666 | Why trouble you your spirits, which are more rather mine than yours? |
1666 | Why wilt thou not goe? |
1666 | Why wilt thou runne into destruction by meane of my feet? |
1666 | Why wouldst thou goe so willingly to hell? |
1666 | Will you blame his luxury? |
1666 | Will you bridle his love? |
1666 | Will you rob me? |
1666 | Yea verily( quoth I), why not? |
1666 | Yes( quoth shee) that he is, why doe you aske? |
1666 | You are his mother, and a kind woman, will you continually search out his dalliance? |
1666 | and why should you seeke the death of her, whom he doth fancie? |
1666 | and will you reprehend your owne art and delights in him? |
1666 | how faireth it with thee? |
1666 | seest thou not these sharpe and pointed flints which shall bruise and teare thee in peeces, if by adventure thou happen upon them? |
1666 | the usurper of my beauty, the Vicar of my name? |
1666 | thinkest thou we handle thee otherwise then thou deservest, which hast stollen away our Asse? |
1666 | what shall I do? |
1666 | whether shee be any of the Nymphs, of the number of the goddesses, of the company of the Muses, or of the mistery of the Graces? |
1666 | whither shall I go? |
1666 | why pull you your hory haires? |
1636 | ''But did I call this"love"? |
1636 | Am I not right, Phaedrus? |
1636 | Am I not right, sweet Phaedrus? |
1636 | And are not they held to be the wisest physicians who have the greatest distrust of their art? |
1636 | And do you tell me, instead, what are plaintiff and defendant doing in a law court-- are they not contending? |
1636 | And if I am to add the praises of the non- lover what will become of me? |
1636 | And if he came to his right mind, would he ever imagine that the desires were good which he conceived when in his wrong mind? |
1636 | And now, dear Phaedrus, I shall pause for an instant to ask whether you do not think me, as I appear to myself, inspired? |
1636 | And so, Phaedrus, you really imagine that I am going to improve upon the ingenuity of Lysias? |
1636 | And what is good or bad writing or speaking? |
1636 | But I should like to know whether you have the same feeling as I have about the rhetoricians? |
1636 | But how much is left? |
1636 | But if I am to read, where would you please to sit? |
1636 | But if this be true, must not the soul be the self- moving, and therefore of necessity unbegotten and immortal? |
1636 | But let me ask you, friend: have we not reached the plane- tree to which you were conducting us? |
1636 | But of the heaven which is above the heavens, what earthly poet ever did or ever will sing worthily? |
1636 | But what do you mean? |
1636 | But what pleasure or consolation can the beloved be receiving all this time? |
1636 | But why did you make your second oration so much finer than the first? |
1636 | But will you tell me whether I defined love at the beginning of my speech? |
1636 | Can I be wrong in supposing that Lysias gave you a feast of discourse? |
1636 | Can we suppose''the young man to have told such lies''about his master while he was still alive? |
1636 | Can we wonder that few of them''come sweetly from nature,''while ten thousand reviewers( mala murioi) are engaged in dissecting them? |
1636 | Do we see as clearly as Hippocrates''that the nature of the body can only be understood as a whole''? |
1636 | Do you ever cross the border? |
1636 | Do you not perceive that I am already overtaken by the Nymphs to whom you have mischievously exposed me? |
1636 | Do you think that a lover only can be a firm friend? |
1636 | Do you? |
1636 | Does he not define probability to be that which the many think? |
1636 | For do we not often make''the worse appear the better cause;''and do not''both parties sometimes agree to tell lies''? |
1636 | For example, are we to attribute his tripartite division of the soul to the gods? |
1636 | For example, when he is speaking of the soul does he mean the human or the divine soul? |
1636 | For lovers repent--''SOCRATES: Enough:--Now, shall I point out the rhetorical error of those words? |
1636 | For this is a necessary preliminary to the other question-- How is the non- lover to be distinguished from the lover? |
1636 | For what should a man live if not for the pleasures of discourse? |
1636 | How could there have been so much cultivation, so much diligence in writing, and so little mind or real creative power? |
1636 | Is he serious, again, in regarding love as''a madness''? |
1636 | Is not all literature passing into criticism, just as Athenian literature in the age of Plato was degenerating into sophistry and rhetoric? |
1636 | Is not legislation too a sort of literary effort, and might not statesmanship be described as the''art of enchanting''the house? |
1636 | Is not pleading''an art of speaking unconnected with the truth''? |
1636 | Is not the discourse excellent, more especially in the matter of the language? |
1636 | Is there any principle in them? |
1636 | Lysias then, I suppose, was in the town? |
1636 | May I reckon the wise to be the wealthy, and may I have such a quantity of gold as a temperate man and he only can bear and carry.--Anything more? |
1636 | Might he not argue,''that a rational being should not follow the dictates of passion in the most important act of his or her life''? |
1636 | Might he not ask, whether we''care more for the truth of religion, or for the speaker and the country from which the truth comes''? |
1636 | Nor, until they adopt our method of reading and writing, can we admit that they write by rules of art? |
1636 | Now I have no leisure for such enquiries; shall I tell you why? |
1636 | Now in what way is the lover to be distinguished from the non- lover? |
1636 | Now what is that sort of thing but a regular piece of authorship? |
1636 | Now, Socrates, what do you think? |
1636 | Of the world which is beyond the heavens, who can tell? |
1636 | Or is he serious in holding that each soul bears the character of a god? |
1636 | Or is this merely assigned to them by way of parallelism with men? |
1636 | Or that Isocrates himself is the enemy of Plato and his school? |
1636 | Or, again, in his absurd derivation of mantike and oionistike and imeros( compare Cratylus)? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: About what conclusion? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: And is this the exact spot? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: And what are these arguments, Socrates? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Do you see the tallest plane- tree in the distance? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Had not Protagoras something of the same sort? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: How do you mean? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: How so? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: How so? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: How so? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: I have never noticed it; but I beseech you to tell me, Socrates, do you believe this tale? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: I think that I understand you; but will you explain yourself? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: In what direction then? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: In what way? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Isocrates the fair:--What message will you send to him, and how shall we describe him? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Need we? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Not yet, Socrates; not until the heat of the day has passed; do you not see that the hour is almost noon? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Show what? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Then why are you still at your tricks? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: There is a great deal surely to be found in books of rhetoric? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What are they? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What do you mean, my good Socrates? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What do you mean? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What do you mean? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What error? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What gifts do you mean? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What is our method? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What is the other principle, Socrates? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What is there remarkable in the epitaph? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What name would you assign to them? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What of that? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What shall we say to him? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What would you prophesy? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: What? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Who are they, and where did you hear anything better than this? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Whom do you mean, and what is his origin? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: Will you go on? |
1636 | PHAEDRUS: You mean the living word of knowledge which has a soul, and of which the written word is properly no more than an image? |
1636 | SOCRATES: About the just and unjust-- that is the matter in dispute? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And can we suppose that he who knows the just and good and honourable has less understanding, than the husbandman, about his own seeds? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And do you think that you can know the nature of the soul intelligently without knowing the nature of the whole? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And how did he entertain you? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And when he speaks in the assembly, he will make the same things seem good to the city at one time, and at another time the reverse of good? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And when men are deceived and their notions are at variance with realities, it is clear that the error slips in through resemblances? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And will not Sophocles say to the display of the would- be tragedian, that this is not tragedy but the preliminaries of tragedy? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And will you go on with the narration? |
1636 | SOCRATES: And you will be less likely to be discovered in passing by degrees into the other extreme than when you go all at once? |
1636 | SOCRATES: But when any one speaks of justice and goodness we part company and are at odds with one another and with ourselves? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Can this be said of the discourse of Lysias? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Do you know how you can speak or act about rhetoric in a manner which will be acceptable to God? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Do you mean that I am not in earnest? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Does not your simplicity observe that I have got out of dithyrambics into heroics, when only uttering a censure on the lover? |
1636 | SOCRATES: He, then, who would deceive others, and not be deceived, must exactly know the real likenesses and differences of things? |
1636 | SOCRATES: I have now said all that I have to say of the art of rhetoric: have you anything to add? |
1636 | SOCRATES: In good speaking should not the mind of the speaker know the truth of the matter about which he is going to speak? |
1636 | SOCRATES: In which are we more likely to be deceived, and in which has rhetoric the greater power? |
1636 | SOCRATES: It was foolish, I say,--to a certain extent, impious; can anything be more dreadful? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Let me put the matter thus: When will there be more chance of deception-- when the difference is large or small? |
1636 | SOCRATES: May not''the wolf,''as the proverb says,''claim a hearing''? |
1636 | SOCRATES: My dear Phaedrus, whence come you, and whither are you going? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Now to which class does love belong-- to the debatable or to the undisputed class? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Shall I tell you what I will do? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Shall we discuss the rules of writing and speech as we were proposing? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Should we not offer up a prayer first of all to the local deities? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Then as to the other topics-- are they not thrown down anyhow? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Then do you think that any one of this class, however ill- disposed, would reproach Lysias with being an author? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Then in some things we agree, but not in others? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Well, and is not Eros the son of Aphrodite, and a god? |
1636 | SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1636 | SOCRATES: When any one speaks of iron and silver, is not the same thing present in the minds of all? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Who is he? |
1636 | SOCRATES: Why, do you not know that when a politician writes, he begins with the names of his approvers? |
1636 | Shall we say a word to him or not? |
1636 | Socrates as yet does not know himself; and why should he care to know about unearthly monsters? |
1636 | Then again in the noble art of politics, who thinks of first principles and of true ideas? |
1636 | These are the commonplaces of the subject which must come in( for what else is there to be said?) |
1636 | Was he equally serious in the rest? |
1636 | We may raise the same question in another form: Is marriage preferable with or without love? |
1636 | Well, the teacher will say, is this, Phaedrus and Socrates, your account of the so- called art of rhetoric, or am I to look for another? |
1636 | What would Socrates think of our newspapers, of our theology? |
1636 | What would he have said of the discovery of Christian doctrines in these old Greek legends? |
1636 | What would he say of the Church, which we praise in like manner,''meaning ourselves,''without regard to history or experience? |
1636 | What would they say if they saw that we, like the many, are not conversing, but slumbering at mid- day, lulled by their voices, too indolent to think? |
1636 | While acknowledging that such interpretations are''very nice,''would he not have remarked that they are found in all sacred literatures? |
1636 | Who would imagine that Lysias, who is here assailed by Socrates, is the son of his old friend Cephalus? |
1636 | Who would suspect that the wise Critias, the virtuous Charmides, had ended their lives among the thirty tyrants? |
1636 | Who, for example, could speak on this thesis of yours without praising the discretion of the non- lover and blaming the indiscretion of the lover? |
1636 | Why did history degenerate into fable? |
1636 | Why did poetry droop and languish? |
1636 | Why did the physical sciences never arrive at any true knowledge or make any real progress? |
1636 | Why did words lose their power of expression? |
1636 | Why do I say so? |
1636 | Why do you not proceed? |
1636 | Why should the next topic follow next in order, or any other topic? |
1636 | Why were ages of external greatness and magnificence attended by all the signs of decay in the human mind which are possible? |
1636 | Will he not choose a beloved who is delicate rather than sturdy and strong? |
1636 | Would he not have asked of us, or rather is he not asking of us, Whether we have ceased to prefer appearances to reality? |
1636 | Would they not have a right to laugh at us? |
1636 | Yes; but is not even a ridiculous friend better than a cunning enemy? |
1636 | and are they both equally self- moving and constructed on the same threefold principle? |
1636 | and will not Acumenus say the same of medicine to the would- be physician? |
1636 | or, whether the''select wise''are not''the many''after all? |
1170 | A peltast, then? |
1170 | And the neighbouring country? |
1170 | And yet, if we yield ourselves and fall into the king''s power, need we ask what our fate will be? 1170 But consider one point,"urged Xenophon;"if we are to march by night, is not the Hellenic fashion best? |
1170 | But how,it was asked,"will they manage to wrestle on the hard scrubby ground?" |
1170 | But let me ask you, in what condition do you turn your backs on this 31 land to- day? 1170 But what right have I to be drawing conclusions about stealing in your presence, Cheirisophus? |
1170 | But when they have expended their ammunition,said Xenophon,"there is nothing else, is there, to hinder our passing? |
1170 | Dost thou not mark how my son has sneezed a blessing on all my words? |
1170 | Good,said Xenophon,"but to what use do you propose to put us, if we become your allies? |
1170 | How then are we to get them collected? |
1170 | Nay,retorted Xenophon,"by the same token we shall all one day be dead, but that is no reason why meantime we should all be buried alive?" |
1170 | Some one may say, are you not ashamed to be so taken in like a fool? 1170 Then what injury have you received from me,"Cyrus asked,"that now for the third time, you have been detected in a treasonous plot against me?" |
1170 | Then, once more having discovered the limits of your power, did you flee to the altar of Artemis, crying out that you repented? 1170 Well then,"said Xenophon,"supposing we came, what should you be able to give us? |
1170 | Well then,said they,"he will oppose our taking away the troops, will he not?" |
1170 | Well,said he,"was he any the less dead when I reported him to you?" |
1170 | What was the country? |
1170 | What, must we anticipate, will now be our fate? 1170 Why had he not invited Xenophon with the others?" |
1170 | Why, when we had it in our power to destroy you, did we not proceed to do it? 1170 ( 1) Can this be the same man whose escape is so graphically described above? 1170 --How say you the same views?" |
1170 | 5 Then at last he recognised him, and inquired:"Are you the fellow who carried home the sick man?" |
1170 | After that they asked,"Were there any captains of light infantry willing to accompany the expedition?" |
1170 | After that,"and at this point Cyrus turned to Orontas, and addressed him personally--"after that, did I do you any wrong?" |
1170 | And Clearchus answered:"So, then, that is your 20 deliberate view? |
1170 | And again,"For whom are the horses being bred?" |
1170 | And how do you propose to stimulate their sense of awe, and keep them in good behaviour towards you? |
1170 | And now, since we have reached Hellenic cities, how has it fared with us? |
1170 | And what had we? |
1170 | And what will you in turn be able to do to assist our passage?" |
1170 | And you, who know all this, how can you say that it is mere nonsense to talk of self- defence? |
1170 | Are not all things in all ways subject to the gods? |
1170 | Are these things so?" |
1170 | Are you minded to stop and keep truce, or is there to be war? |
1170 | As soon as he was fully awake, the first clear thought which came into his head was, Why am I lying here? |
1170 | As to the generals, their immediate concern was to try and gain some information as to Seuthes:"Was he hostile or friendly? |
1170 | At this point he again questioned Medosades,"Whether the words attributed to him were exact?" |
1170 | But how so? |
1170 | But if he who partly gave you this security has failed to pay in full the wages due to you therefrom, is not that a terrible misfortune? |
1170 | But now, what do you think of their case, these men of Cerasus? |
1170 | But what is your behaviour? |
1170 | But you will tell me, perhaps, that I get from Seuthes what is by right yours, and that I deal subtly by you? |
1170 | But, granted that the rivers do bar our passage, and that guides are not forthcoming, what care we? |
1170 | Cheirisophus answered:"But why should you go and leave your command in the rear? |
1170 | Cheirisophus answered:"Look up there,"pointing as he spoke to the mountain,"do you see how inaccessible it all is? |
1170 | Clearchus listened to the reasoning, and then he asked the messenger,"How large the country between the Tigris and the canal might be?" |
1170 | Clearly, the attacking party must either conquer or be worsted: if they conquer, what need of their breaking down the bridge? |
1170 | Consider, then; is it better to go and meet the foe with arms advanced, or with arms reversed to watch him as he assails us on our rear? |
1170 | Could any one make you believe that the sun rises here and sets there, or that he sets here and rises there? |
1170 | Did Cheirisophus conceivably die of fever brought on by some poisonous draught? |
1170 | Did I ask you for something and, on your refusing it to me, did I proceed to beat you? |
1170 | Did any one ever die in battle from the bite or kick of a horse? |
1170 | Do I hinder any of them from speaking any word of import in his power? |
1170 | Do not the cities which gave us birth yield them obedience also? |
1170 | Do you not see all these great plains, which you find it hard enough to traverse even when they are friendly? |
1170 | Does not the surgeon also cauterise and cut us for our good? |
1170 | Eucleides congratulated Xenophon upon his safe return, and asked him how much gold he had got? |
1170 | For if I am not much mistaken, the enemy were close at our heels?" |
1170 | For what of the man who can not be trusted? |
1170 | Galloping up to the front himself, he asked:"Why do you summon me?" |
1170 | Have you not wintered here in the lap of plenty? |
1170 | Hearing this, Xenophon dismounted, and the other asked:"Why do you dismount just when speed is the thing we want?" |
1170 | How are we to march most safely? |
1170 | However, why do you address yourself to me? |
1170 | I ask then, with all these banded together against us, is there any one so insensate as to imagine that we can survive the contest? |
1170 | I ask you, does it seem to you that we lack the means, if we had the will, to destroy you? |
1170 | I now call upon you, and you first, Clearchus, to declare your opinion-- what think you?" |
1170 | If as our master, why need he ask for them rather than come and take them? |
1170 | If we can trust any guide whom Cyrus may vouchsafe to us, why not order Cyrus at once to occupy the pass on our behoof? |
1170 | In this way he contrived to turn back and consult the victims,"Would the gods allow him to try and bring the army over to Seuthes?" |
1170 | In your choice of leaders do I stand in the way of any one, is that it? |
1170 | It is a little dangerous for myself, is it not? |
1170 | Nay, if in a fit of madness we murdered you, what then? |
1170 | Now is that a point in which a man might hope to cheat you? |
1170 | Now, sirs, is it not clear that all these good things belong to whoever has strength to hold them? |
1170 | Or again, which will be the greater drain on your purse? |
1170 | Or do you impute the fault to some one not here? |
1170 | Other people with Cyrus won great success, they were told( 1); why should it not be so with them? |
1170 | Presently the Lacedaemonians asked:"What sort of man is Xenophon?" |
1170 | Seuthes put the question,"Would you like to die on his behalf, Episthenes?" |
1170 | Seuthes, turning to the boy, asked,"Shall I smite him instead of you?" |
1170 | Should we not ourselves bestow the worst of names on the perpetrators of like deeds?" |
1170 | The other again asked:"Peace or war, what answer shall I make?" |
1170 | The others asked,"Were they willing to give them pledges to that effect?" |
1170 | The soldiers held a meeting, and took counsel about the remainder of the journey: should they make their exit from the Pontus by sea or by land? |
1170 | The soldiers, on their side, laid the blame of course on Xenophon:"Where was their pay?" |
1170 | The two were brought up at once and questioned separately:"Did they know of any other road than the one visible?" |
1170 | Then the Arcadians inquired of Xenophon''s officers-- why they had quenched the watch- fires? |
1170 | There is no passing, 39 until we have dislodged these fellows; why have you not brought up the light infantry?" |
1170 | Thereupon they consulted together, and to Xenophon''s inquiry,"What it was which hindered their simply walking in?" |
1170 | They asked:"Does he play the popular leader?" |
1170 | Was I not actually on my road home when I turned back? |
1170 | Was I the worse for liquor, and behaving like a drunkard?" |
1170 | Was he really leading them to attack the king? |
1170 | Was it a debt, for which I demanded payment? |
1170 | Was it not rather, that they had noticed my abundant zeal on your behalf? |
1170 | Was it, do you suppose, because they detected some ill- will in me towards you that they made the allegation? |
1170 | What answer shall I take from you?" |
1170 | What follows? |
1170 | What friendly city will receive us when they see rampant lawlessness in our midst? |
1170 | What is it? |
1170 | What then did common sense suggest? |
1170 | What wrong did I commit in bringing you, whither you were eager to go? |
1170 | When Polynicus and I asked Seuthes, what sort of a man he was? |
1170 | When asked,"What shall you need?" |
1170 | When the man met each of these questions with a negative, he questioned him further:"Are you a heavy infantry soldier?" |
1170 | When, lithe of limb, she danced the Pyrrhic( 4), loud clapping followed; and the Paphlagonians asked,"If these women fought by their side in battle?" |
1170 | Where are the men posted to intercept us? |
1170 | Who indeed would care to carry a flag of truce, or go as a herald with 30 the blood of heralds upon his hands? |
1170 | Who was there now to furnish them with a market? |
1170 | Who will have the courage to afford us a market, when we prove our worthlessness in these weightiest concerns? |
1170 | Why should it be guarded since it was friendly? |
1170 | Why? |
1170 | Will you take us for your allies? |
1170 | Will you then please inform us as to that point also? |
1170 | Would you, Xenophon, repeat what you said to us?" |
1170 | Xenophon inquired:"And how far from the sea shall you expect the army to follow you?" |
1170 | Xenophon laughed and said:"But supposing these all together do not amount to the pay; for whom is the talent, shall I say? |
1170 | You ask what it is I would have you to do? |
1170 | You heard the threats?" |
1170 | a general to undertake the work? |
1170 | also, would they have to march through the Sacred mountain( 1), or round about through the middle of Thrace?" |
1170 | am I waiting till I am older mysef and of riper age? |
1170 | and all yonder great mountain chains left for you to cross, which we can at any time occupy in advance and render impassable? |
1170 | and did you thus work upon my feelings, that we a second time shook hands and made interchange of solemn pledges? |
1170 | and from what city? |
1170 | and what becomes of the praise we expect to win from the mouths of men? |
1170 | have we not horsemen enough, or infantry, or whatever other arm you like, whereby we may be able to injure you, without risk of suffering in return? |
1170 | how can you bid us go again and try the arts of persuasion? |
1170 | in slaying our benefactor should we not have challenged to enter the lists against us a more formidable antagonist in the king himself? |
1170 | is not their lordship over all alike outspread? |
1170 | of striking a blow in your behalf and his own, if that is his choice? |
1170 | or a quarrel about some boy or other? |
1170 | or did he die under treatment? |
1170 | or did he take poison whilst suffering from fever? |
1170 | or how shall we, who lay the knife to each other''s throats, give battle to our enemies? |
1170 | or where blows are needed, how are we to fight to the best advantage? |
1170 | or, finally, of keeping his eyes and ears open to secure your safety? |
1170 | or, possibly, do we seem to you 17 to lack the physical surroundings suitable for attacking you? |
1170 | the question arises, Was he equally good as a commander? |
1170 | the soldiers, the officers, and the generals? |
1170 | to pay off your present debt, or, with that still owing, to bid for more troops, and of a better quality? |
1170 | what am I waiting for? |
1170 | what did I say,"he asked,"at your next visit, when 28 you came to me in Selybria?" |
1170 | what is happening at this instant? |
1170 | while others hearing from us a hundred stories in your praise, hasten to present themselves at your desire? |
1170 | who will vouchsafe it to us, if this is our behaviour? |
1170 | why have I managed my affairs no better? |
1579 | ''But how is this?'' |
1579 | After the return of Menexenus, Socrates, at the request of Lysis, asks him a new question:''What is friendship? |
1579 | Am I not right? |
1579 | And also the vessel which contains the wine? |
1579 | And another disputed point is, which is the fairer? |
1579 | And are they right in saying this? |
1579 | And can he who is not loved be a friend? |
1579 | And did you ever behave ill to your father or your mother? |
1579 | And disease is an enemy? |
1579 | And disease is an evil? |
1579 | And do they entrust their property to him rather than to you? |
1579 | And do they esteem a slave of more value than you who are their son? |
1579 | And do they then permit you to do what you like, and never rebuke you or hinder you from doing what you desire? |
1579 | And do they trust a hireling more than you? |
1579 | And does not this seem to put us in the right way? |
1579 | And everything in which we appear to him to be wiser than himself or his son he will commit to us? |
1579 | And friends they can not be, unless they value one another? |
1579 | And has he a motive and object in being a friend, or has he no motive and object? |
1579 | And have we not admitted already that the friend loves something for a reason? |
1579 | And have you not also met with the treatises of philosophers who say that like must love like? |
1579 | And he is in want of that of which he is deprived? |
1579 | And he is the friend of the physician because of disease, and for the sake of health? |
1579 | And he who loves not is not a lover or friend? |
1579 | And he who wants nothing will desire nothing? |
1579 | And health is also dear? |
1579 | And if dear, then dear for the sake of something? |
1579 | And if neither can be of any use to the other, how can they be loved by one another? |
1579 | And in like manner thirst or any similar desire may sometimes be a good and sometimes an evil to us, and sometimes neither one nor the other? |
1579 | And in matters of which you have as yet no knowledge, can you have any conceit of knowledge? |
1579 | And is he a slave or a free man? |
1579 | And is he a slave? |
1579 | And is health a friend, or not a friend? |
1579 | And is the object which makes him a friend, dear to him, or neither dear nor hateful to him? |
1579 | And may not the same be said of the friend? |
1579 | And must not a man love that which he desires and affects? |
1579 | And shall we be friends to others, and will any others love us, in as far as we are useless to them? |
1579 | And shall we further say that the good is congenial, and the evil uncongenial to every one? |
1579 | And sickness is an evil, and the art of medicine a good and useful thing? |
1579 | And surely this object must also be dear, as is implied in our previous admissions? |
1579 | And that of which he is in want is dear to him? |
1579 | And that something dear involves something else dear? |
1579 | And the body is compelled by reason of disease to court and make friends of the art of medicine? |
1579 | And the good is loved for the sake of the evil? |
1579 | And the hated one, and not the hater, is the enemy? |
1579 | And the hater will be the enemy of that which is hated? |
1579 | And the more vain- glorious they are, the more difficult is the capture of them? |
1579 | And the same of thirst and the other desires,--that they will remain, but will not be evil because evil has perished? |
1579 | And there is Ctesippus himself: do you see him? |
1579 | And we shall be allowed to throw in salt by handfuls, whereas the son will not be allowed to put in as much as he can take up between his fingers? |
1579 | And what does he do with you? |
1579 | And what is this building, I asked; and what sort of entertainment have you? |
1579 | And what of health? |
1579 | And which is the nobler? |
1579 | And who is yours? |
1579 | And why do you not ask him? |
1579 | And yet there is a further consideration: may not all these notions of friendship be erroneous? |
1579 | And yet whiteness would be present in them? |
1579 | And, if so, not the lover, but the beloved, is the friend or dear one? |
1579 | Answer me now: Are you your own master, or do they not even allow that? |
1579 | Are you disposed, he said, to go with me and see them? |
1579 | Aye, I said; and about your neighbour, too, does not the same rule hold as about your father? |
1579 | But I dare say that you may take the whip and guide the mule- cart if you like;--they will permit that? |
1579 | But do you think that any one is happy who is in the condition of a slave, and who can not do what he likes? |
1579 | But does he therefore value the three measures of wine, or the earthen vessel which contains them, equally with his son? |
1579 | But if the lover is not a friend, nor the beloved a friend, nor both together, what are we to say? |
1579 | But if this can not be, the lover will be the friend of that which is loved? |
1579 | But is not some less exclusive form of friendship better suited to the condition and nature of man? |
1579 | But is there any reason why, because evil perishes, that which is not evil should perish with it? |
1579 | But now our view is changed, and we conceive that there must be some other cause of friendship? |
1579 | But say that the like is not the friend of the like in so far as he is like; still the good may be the friend of the good in so far as he is good? |
1579 | But see now, Lysis, whether we are not being deceived in all this-- are we not indeed entirely wrong? |
1579 | But surely, I said, he who desires, desires that of which he is in want? |
1579 | But that would not make them at all the more white, notwithstanding the presence of white in them-- they would not be white any more than black? |
1579 | But the human body, regarded as a body, is neither good nor evil? |
1579 | But the sick loves him, because he is sick? |
1579 | But then again, will not the good, in so far as he is good, be sufficient for himself? |
1579 | But then arises the consideration, how should these friends in youth or friends of the past regard or be regarded by one another? |
1579 | But what if the lover is not loved in return? |
1579 | But why should the indifferent have this attachment to the beautiful or good? |
1579 | By heaven, and shall I tell you what I suspect? |
1579 | Can they now? |
1579 | Do any remain? |
1579 | Do they want you to be happy, and yet hinder you from doing what you like? |
1579 | Do you agree? |
1579 | Do you agree? |
1579 | Do you mean, I said, that if only one of them loves the other, they are mutual friends? |
1579 | Do you mean, I said, that you disown the love of the person whom he says that you love? |
1579 | Do you not agree with me? |
1579 | Do you not agree? |
1579 | Here, intending to revise the argument, I said: Can we point out any difference between the congenial and the like? |
1579 | How can such persons ever be induced to value one another? |
1579 | How do you mean? |
1579 | How do you mean? |
1579 | How so? |
1579 | I mean, for instance, if he knew that his son had drunk hemlock, and the father thought that wine would save him, he would value the wine? |
1579 | I said, may we not have been altogether wrong in our conclusions? |
1579 | I shall not ask which is the richer of the two, I said; for you are friends, are you not? |
1579 | I turned to Menexenus, and said: Son of Demophon, which of you two youths is the elder? |
1579 | If he is satisfied that you know more of housekeeping than he does, will he continue to administer his affairs himself, or will he commit them to you? |
1579 | In such a case, is the substance which is anointed the same as the colour or ointment? |
1579 | In that case, the one loves, and the other is loved? |
1579 | Is not friendship, even more than love, liable to be swayed by the caprices of fancy? |
1579 | Is not that true? |
1579 | Is not that true? |
1579 | Is not this rather the true state of the case? |
1579 | Is not this the nature of the good-- to be loved by us who are placed between the two, because of the evil? |
1579 | Is that also a matter of dispute? |
1579 | Is that good or evil, or neither? |
1579 | May not desire be the source of friendship? |
1579 | May we then infer that the good is the friend? |
1579 | Nay, but what do you think? |
1579 | Neither can he love that which he does not desire? |
1579 | Neither can your father or mother love you, nor can anybody love anybody else, in so far as they are useless to them? |
1579 | No answer is given in the Lysis to the question,''What is Friendship?'' |
1579 | Now is not that ridiculous? |
1579 | Or are both friends? |
1579 | Or is, perhaps, even hated? |
1579 | Or may we suppose that hunger will remain while men and animals remain, but not so as to be hurtful? |
1579 | Or rather is there anything to be done? |
1579 | Or rather shall I say, that to ask what either will be then or will not be is ridiculous, for who knows? |
1579 | Socrates asks Lysis whether his father and mother do not love him very much? |
1579 | Thank you, I said; and is there any teacher there? |
1579 | That I may make a fool of myself? |
1579 | The sick man, as I was just now saying, is the friend of the physician-- is he not? |
1579 | Then if you are friends, you must have natures which are congenial to one another? |
1579 | Then nothing which does not love in return is beloved by a lover? |
1579 | Then now we know how to answer the question''Who are friends?'' |
1579 | Then one half of the saying is untrue, if the wicked are like one another? |
1579 | Then that which is neither good nor evil becomes the friend of good, by reason of the presence of evil? |
1579 | Then that which is neither good nor evil is the friend of the good because of the evil and hateful, and for the sake of the good and the friend? |
1579 | Then that which is neither good nor evil may be in the presence of evil, but not as yet evil, and that has happened before now? |
1579 | Then the friend is a friend for the sake of the friend, and because of the enemy? |
1579 | Then we are to say that the greatest friendship is of opposites? |
1579 | Then what can be the reason, Lysis, I said, why they allow you to do the one and not the other? |
1579 | Then what is to be done? |
1579 | Then which is the friend of which? |
1579 | Then you have a master? |
1579 | Then, I said, may no one use the whip to the mules? |
1579 | Then, even if evil perishes, the desires which are neither good nor evil will remain? |
1579 | Then, even if evil perishes, there may still remain some elements of love or friendship? |
1579 | They had another perplexity: 8) How could one of the noblest feelings of human nature be so near to one of the most detestable corruptions of it? |
1579 | They will then proceed to ask whether the enemy is the friend of the friend, or the friend the friend of the enemy? |
1579 | This we do know, that in our present condition hunger may injure us, and may also benefit us:--Is not that true? |
1579 | Well, I said; look at the matter in this way: a friend is the friend of some one; is he not? |
1579 | Well, but is a just man the friend of the unjust, or the temperate of the intemperate, or the good of the bad? |
1579 | What do the rest of you say? |
1579 | What do you mean? |
1579 | What do you mean? |
1579 | What should you say of a hunter who frightened away his prey, and made the capture of the animals which he is hunting more difficult? |
1579 | When one man loves another, which is the friend-- he who loves, or he who is loved? |
1579 | Who are you, I said; and where am I to come? |
1579 | Who is Lysis? |
1579 | Whom are we to call friends to one another? |
1579 | Whom then will they allow? |
1579 | Why do you say so? |
1579 | Will not the Athenian people, too, entrust their affairs to you when they see that you have wisdom enough to manage them? |
1579 | Will you tell me by what words or actions I may become endeared to my love? |
1579 | Yes, I said; but I should like to know first, what is expected of me, and who is the favourite among you? |
1579 | Yes, Menexenus; but will not that be a monstrous answer? |
1579 | You do not mean to say that your teachers also rule over you? |
1579 | You remember that? |
1579 | You think not? |
1579 | You think that he is right? |
1579 | You will agree to that? |
1579 | You would agree-- would you not? |
1579 | and allow him to do what he likes, when they prohibit you? |
1579 | and at the time of making the admission we were of opinion that the neither good nor evil loves the good because of the evil? |
1579 | and do they pay him for this? |
1579 | and may he do what he likes with the horses? |
1579 | and may not the other theory have been only a long story about nothing? |
1579 | and what can that final cause or end of friendship be, other than the good? |
1579 | any more than in the Charmides to the question,''What is Temperance?'' |
1579 | but may not that which is neither good nor evil still in some cases be the friend of the good? |
1579 | how can you be making and singing hymns in honour of yourself before you have won? |
1579 | will you tell me, I said, whether if evil were to perish, we should hunger any more, or thirst any more, or have any similar desire? |
1173 | And are we two not come together,I continued,"for a closer partnership, being each a sharer in the other''s body?" |
1173 | And may we not, Meno, truly call those men divine who, having no understanding, yet succeed in many a grand deed and word? |
1173 | And what may these things be? |
1173 | And what sort of works are these? |
1173 | And why is this? |
1173 | But what is there that I can do,my wife inquired,"which will help to increase our joint estate?" |
1173 | Formal language,say you, Socrates? |
1173 | Has got? |
1173 | Is questioning after all a kind of teaching? |
1173 | Shall I then have to do these things? |
1173 | So I said to her,''Tell me, my wife, after which fashion would you find me the more delectable partner in our joint estate--were I to...? 1173 What art makes an ampler return for their labour to those who work for her? |
1173 | What art welcomes the stranger with greater prodigality? |
1173 | When will God moisten the earth,they ask,"and suffer men to sow their seed?" |
1173 | is it synonymous with dwelling- place, or is all that a man possesses outside his dwelling- place part of his house or estate? |
1173 | what kind of material, what kind of soil does not become manure when thrown into stagnant water? |
1173 | what kind of people can be taught them? 1173 when she heard did she give ear at all?" |
1173 | will he still need something further to complete him? |
1173 | ( Critobulus exclaimed); do you, Socrates, really believe that the king of Persia pays a personal regard to husbandry, along with all his other cares? |
1173 | ( I exclaimed): you mean to say you educate your bailiffs to that extent? |
1173 | A thing so easy to be learnt, you say? |
1173 | Actually you make them capable of rule? |
1173 | After what particular manner do you practise the arts of war? |
1173 | And are persons devoid of self- control in this respect the only people incapable of diligence and carefulness? |
1173 | And by the same token land itself is no wealth to a man who so works it that his tillage only brings him loss? |
1173 | And did your wife join in sacrifice and prayer to that effect? |
1173 | And does this method of planting apply also to the fig- tree? |
1173 | And how did you introduce the order she demanded, Ischomachus? |
1173 | And how do you expect your cutting to root best?--if set straight up from end to end, pointing to the sky? |
1173 | And how, in Heaven''s name( I asked), do you contrive to educate another in the skill to govern human beings? |
1173 | And how, in the name of all that is holy, do you pick out whom you will and teach him to have kindly feeling towards yourself and yours? |
1173 | And is there any one with whom you are less in the habit of conversing than with your wife? |
1173 | And pray, what may be the reason of that, Socrates? |
1173 | And should you merely sever the ears at top, or reap close to the ground? |
1173 | And so I seem to you ridiculous? |
1173 | And supposing another man''s house to be entrusted to him, he would be able, if he chose, to manage it as skilfully as his own, would he not? |
1173 | And the others? |
1173 | And the question which I put to you is this: Would you allow both sorts of soil an equal share of seed? |
1173 | And what of the foeman? |
1173 | And what when the weeds spring up together with the corn and choke it? |
1173 | And when you have no such business on hand( I said) where in heaven''s name do you spend your time and how do you employ yourself? |
1173 | And who, pray, are these lords that rule them and yet remain unseen? |
1173 | And why is it that, for all their crowding, the ship''s company[ 9] cause each other no distress? |
1173 | And, pray, how do you conduct your own case? |
1173 | And, pray, what is your system when you need a bailiff? |
1173 | Are they, too, incapable of being trained to give attention to field and farming operations? |
1173 | Are you not agreed the corn- fields sorely need relief at such a season? |
1173 | As I understand, you would limit the term to what we may call a man''s useful or advantageous possessions? |
1173 | At this point[ 4] he took me up, observing: So what you now command me is to teach the art itself of tillage, Socrates? |
1173 | At what point shall I begin then, Socrates, to revive your recollection[ 10] of the art of husbandry? |
1173 | Because, you know, we agreed that a man''s estate was identical with his possessions? |
1173 | But for ordinary people? |
1173 | But let me ask you a question, Socrates: have those happy husbands, you tell us of, who are blessed with good wives educated them themselves? |
1173 | But may I ask, is the planting of trees[ 1] a department in the art of husbandry? |
1173 | But now, should you content yourself with merely heaping up the earth, or will you press it firmly round your plant? |
1173 | But now, suppose you begin winnowing on the"lee"side of the threshing- floor? |
1173 | But perhaps, Socrates, you have already passed sentence on us-- we are rich enough already, and not in need of any further wealth? |
1173 | But suppose him to have learnt the whole routine of business, will he need aught else, or have we found at last your bailiff absolute? |
1173 | But what is the proof of sober- mindedness in man or woman? |
1173 | But what, Socrates, is your opinion? |
1173 | But when it comes to sowing, what is your opinion? |
1173 | Can you by eyesight recognise the difference between a dry soil and a moist? |
1173 | Can you call that[ 27] anything but idleness? |
1173 | Did I not tell you long ago that of all arts husbandry was the noblest, the most generous, just because it is the easiest to learn? |
1173 | Did you ever see a trench more than three feet broad? |
1173 | Did you ever see one more than three feet deep? |
1173 | Do you put defence and accusation into formal language? |
1173 | Does it not come to this, the hand needs practice( like the fingers of a harp- player) to obey the will? |
1173 | Does your eyesight take you further? |
1173 | Given they are self- controlled to suit your bidding,[ 17] given they possess a wholesome appetite for gain, how will you lesson them in carefulness? |
1173 | Granted, you see: what is there in the matter that you do not understand? |
1173 | How better than by lifting up and lightening the soil? |
1173 | How can such folk be other than sorry friends and ill defenders of the fatherland? |
1173 | How can you ask me? |
1173 | How do you take pains to create a surplus which will enable you to benefit your friends and to gratify the state? |
1173 | How is it, then, that I can know about the processes of sowing and at the same time have no knowledge about planting? |
1173 | How shall we aid the stricken portion lying mud- bedabbled? |
1173 | How shall we plant the olive, pray, Ischomachus? |
1173 | I do not follow; by"light"do you mean weak? |
1173 | I see, Critobulus, you wish to direct the discussion to the topic of slaves? |
1173 | I understand you to say, Ischomachus, that the weaker soil must receive a scantier dose of seed? |
1173 | IV But why need you illustrate all the sciences, Socrates? |
1173 | IX Well( I replied), and did your wife appear, Ischomachus, to lend a willing ear to what you tried thus earnestly to teach her? |
1173 | If I take your meaning rightly, you would say that those who enjoy your good things grow well disposed to you and seek to render you some good? |
1173 | If a man knows how to use his friends so as to be benefited by them, what of these? |
1173 | In planting, would you dig( what I may call) deep trenches in a dry soil or a moist? |
1173 | Is it possible for a man devoid of carefulness himself to render others more careful? |
1173 | Is it so certain that you have no knowledge? |
1173 | Is it your opinion that these animals know more than merely how to tread the corn while driven with the goad? |
1173 | Is there a subtle art in scattering the seed? |
1173 | It appears, you hold to the position that wealth consists of things which benefit, while things which injure are not wealth? |
1173 | It looks as if spring- time were the season to begin this work, then? |
1173 | It seems, then, you and I and all mankind hold one opinion on these matters? |
1173 | It would seem, it is the part of a good economist[ 15] to know how to deal with his own or his employer''s foes so as to get profit out of them? |
1173 | Nay, now in Heaven''s name, once more, how can that be? |
1173 | Now, suppose they are on the march; how are they to get along? |
1173 | Ought the husband or the wife to bear the blame of that? |
1173 | Perhaps you are ignorant how you are to lay the potsherd on the clay at top? |
1173 | Pray, how may that be? |
1173 | Pray, then, what sort of people have the privilege? |
1173 | Precisely so, but now suppose the soil is light in one part and heavy in another? |
1173 | Really, Ischomachus, I am disposed to ask:"Does teaching consist in putting questions?" |
1173 | She did, however, put to me a question: Could I advise her how she might become not in false show but really fair to look upon? |
1173 | So likewise as regards the processes of husbandry, think you the propitiation of heaven is less needed here? |
1173 | So then I stepped up boldly to the groom and asked him,"Has the horse much wealth?" |
1173 | So you wish me to set up as a breeder of young horses,[ 10] do you, Socrates? |
1173 | Socrates replied: What say you then? |
1173 | That the seed must be cast by hand, I presume you know yourself? |
1173 | The fellow looked at me as if I were hardly in my right mind to put the question, and retorted,"How can a horse have wealth?" |
1173 | The same things, in fact, are wealth or not wealth, according as a man knows or does not know the use to make of them? |
1173 | Then all else( said I) you taught your wife yourself, Ischomachus, until you had made her capable of attending carefully to her appointed duties? |
1173 | Then shall we say that a man''s enemies form part of his possessions? |
1173 | Then what is to be done, in your opinion? |
1173 | Then which are the arts you would counsel us to engage in? |
1173 | Then would it not be more astonishing that she should have real knowledge how to speak and act than that she should go altogether astray? |
1173 | Thus I addressed her, Socrates, and thus my wife made answer:"But how can I assist you? |
1173 | Thus far the statement of the case would seem to be conclusive-- but what are we to make of this? |
1173 | To begin then: You know that corn needs cutting? |
1173 | To- morrow is a good day to commence a course of virtue, is it not? |
1173 | Well then, a bed of earth must be laid beneath the plant? |
1173 | Well then, supposing we begin to plough our land in winter? |
1173 | Well then, what would you say to summer? |
1173 | Well, I suppose you are aware of this much: corn is threshed by beasts of burthen? |
1173 | Well, and what of those addicted to another passion, that of gain? |
1173 | Well, granted the man is well disposed to you does it therefore follow, Ischomachus, that he is fit to be your bailiff? |
1173 | Well, then, Ischomachus, supposing the man is now so fit to rule that he can compel obedience,[ 1] is he, I ask once more, your bailiff absolute? |
1173 | Well, then, the next point: in the act of cutting corn how will you choose to stand? |
1173 | Well, we shall not be ashamed, I hope, to imitate the kings of Persia? |
1173 | Were it better for a man to choose and turn to sole account a single sowing season, be it much he has to sow or be it little? |
1173 | What answer( said I) did she make, in Heaven''s name, to what you said? |
1173 | What art more sweetly welcomes him that is devoted to her?" |
1173 | What do you say? |
1173 | What good will he extract from it? |
1173 | What more can they know, being beasts of burthen? |
1173 | What particular toil do you impose on yourself in order to secure good health and strength? |
1173 | What say you? |
1173 | What sort of thing? |
1173 | What then? |
1173 | What topic, pray, was that? |
1173 | What( I exclaimed), can I believe my ears? |
1173 | What, then, if I exhibit to you a third contrast, which bears on the condition of domestic slaves? |
1173 | When, then( I asked), Ischomachus, how fared it? |
1173 | Where would be the use of farming the land by help of such an overseer? |
1173 | Whose but my own wife''s? |
1173 | Would not that argue great lack of understanding in our two selves? |
1173 | XII But( I continued presently), perhaps I am preventing you from going, as you long have wished to do, Ischomachus? |
1173 | You agree there is some show of reason for letting in these gangs of hoers? |
1173 | You have seen, I know, the sort of trenches which are dug for plants? |
1173 | You know, I daresay, that in winter there are heavy rains? |
1173 | You seem to say, Socrates, that money itself in the pockets of a man who does not know how to use it is not wealth? |
1173 | [ 10] Are we to regard these as the only people incapable of being taught this virtue of carefulness? |
1173 | [ 10] Or,"What then-- is the list exhausted? |
1173 | [ 11] Or,"Will you please answer me that question, teacher?" |
1173 | [ 12] or if you set it slantwise under its earthy covering, so as to lie like an inverted gamma? |
1173 | [ 13] But now, what shall we say of friends? |
1173 | [ 16] What reason indeed would there be for rejecting in the case of other plant- growths[ 17] what is found to answer so well with the vine? |
1173 | [ 21][ 21]"Does your practice include the art of translating into words your sentiments?" |
1173 | [ 27]{ ara},"as if he were asking himself,''Would this or this possibly be wanted for the ship''s service?''" |
1173 | [ 4] Or do you educate your bailiffs yourself? |
1173 | [ 7] Or would your citizen serve on foot? |
1173 | [ 9] Have you noticed at what season in either case[ 10] the plants must be embedded? |
1173 | [ 9] Should you mind pointing them out to me with some distinctness? |
1173 | and by"heavy"strong? |
1173 | and that other portion lying naked to the roots and defenceless, how aid it? |
1173 | and this word"house,"what are we to understand by it? |
1173 | but he may have got enemies? |
1173 | did you with your own hands plant some of these trees?" |
1173 | facing the way the wind blows,[ 1] or against the wind? |
1173 | how teach them growth in diligence to meet your wishes? |
1173 | is it not that the gallant ship sails so swiftly? |
1173 | now answer me this question: Did you ever see a trench less than one foot deep? |
1173 | or are there others in a like condition? |
1173 | or are there others in like case? |
1173 | or are we to include all a man''s possessions outside the actual dwelling- place? |
1173 | or even though possessed of all the qualifications you have named, does he still lack something? |
1173 | or is there aught else which he must learn in order to play the part of an efficient bailiff? |
1173 | or were I to...?''" |
1173 | or when it has to force its way through unbroken soil into the solid ground? |
1173 | or where, save afield, in summer rest more sweetly, lulled by babbling streams, soft airs, and tender shades? |
1173 | or which the larger? |
1173 | or would you have him begin his sowing with the earliest season, and sow right on continuously until the latest? |
1173 | she asked;"what has the queen- bee to do that she seems so like myself, or I like her in what I have to do?" |
1173 | since a man who is skilled in carpentry can work as well for another as for himself: and this ought to be equally true of the good economist? |
1173 | the domicile merely? |
1173 | was your wife disposed at all to lend a willing ear to what you told her? |
1173 | what is my ability? |
1173 | whereat the other:"Does that surprise you, Lysander? |
1173 | who but will gaze with wonderment as the squadrons of the cavalry dash past him at the gallop? |
1173 | you are aware that fallow must be broken up in readiness[ 11] for sowing? |
1173 | you seated here, you who are so little wo nt to be at leisure? |
1173 | { dielemmenos}="to be taken apart and have..."And at whose bar( I asked) is the sentence given? |
2562 | ( awakening) Pray, father, why are you peevish, and toss about the whole night? |
2562 | ( discovering a variety of mathematical instruments) Why, what is this, in the name of heaven? |
2562 | ( from within) Who''s there? |
2562 | A horse? |
2562 | A sword? |
2562 | About measures, or rhythms, or verses? |
2562 | About what? |
2562 | According to the dactyle? |
2562 | Ah me, what then, pray will become of me, wretched man? |
2562 | Alektryaina? |
2562 | Am I to feed upon wisdom like a dog? |
2562 | And do you now intend, on this account, to deny the debt? |
2562 | And do you then ask me for your money, being such an ignorant person? |
2562 | And for what did you come? |
2562 | And how then, you wretch does this become no way greater, though the rivers flow into it, while you seek to increase your money? |
2562 | And if he be a blackguard, what harm will he suffer? |
2562 | And so you look down upon the gods from your basket, and not from the earth? |
2562 | And to hold converse with the Clouds, our divinities? |
2562 | And what does it mean? |
2562 | And what this? |
2562 | And what, pray, have you thought? |
2562 | And will you be willing to deny these upon oath of the gods? |
2562 | And will you obey me at all? |
2562 | And yet, how could you, who are a mortal, have greater power than a god? |
2562 | And yet, on what principle do you blame the warm baths? |
2562 | And yet, what is life worth to you if you be deprived of these enjoyments? |
2562 | And yet, who was more valiant than he? |
2562 | And you appear to me, by Hermes, to be going to be summoned, if you will not pay me the money? |
2562 | Are they not males with you? |
2562 | Are they some heroines? |
2562 | Are you asleep? |
2562 | Are you not meditating? |
2562 | Both the same? |
2562 | But come, by the Earth, is not Jupiter, the Olympian, a god? |
2562 | But do you permit him? |
2562 | But from what class do the public orators come? |
2562 | But what debt came upon me after Pasias? |
2562 | But what good will rhythms do me for a living? |
2562 | But what if he should suffer the radish through obeying you, and be depillated with hot ashes? |
2562 | But what if, having the worst Cause, I shall conquer you in arguing, proving that it is right to beat one''s mother? |
2562 | But what is this? |
2562 | But what of that? |
2562 | But where is Lacedaemon? |
2562 | But why in the world do these look upon the ground? |
2562 | But why should I learn these things, that we all know? |
2562 | By doing what clever trick? |
2562 | By iron money, as in Byzantium? |
2562 | By no means; for how would you call Amynias, if you met him? |
2562 | By the gods, do you purpose to besiege me? |
2562 | By what do you swear? |
2562 | By what gods will you swear? |
2562 | Can not it? |
2562 | Come now, which of the two shall speak first? |
2562 | Come now; what do you now wish to learn first of those things in none of which you have ever been instructed? |
2562 | Come, how am I to believe this? |
2562 | Come, let me see: nay, what was the first? |
2562 | Come, let me see; what do I owe? |
2562 | Come, let me see; what do you consider this to be? |
2562 | Come, let me see; what do you do if any one beat you? |
2562 | Come, now, tell me; from what class do the advocates come? |
2562 | Come, tell me, which of the sons of Jupiter do you deem to have been the bravest in soul, and to have undergone most labours? |
2562 | Come, where have you ever seen him raining at any time without Clouds? |
2562 | Come, who is this man who is in the basket? |
2562 | Did you hear the voice, and the thunder which bellowed at the same time, feared as a god? |
2562 | Did you learn these clever things by going in just now to the Titans? |
2562 | Did you not, however, know, nor yet consider, these to be goddesses? |
2562 | Do I talk nonsense if I wish to recover my money? |
2562 | Do you abuse your teacher? |
2562 | Do you beat your father? |
2562 | Do you beat your father? |
2562 | Do you fly? |
2562 | Do you know that I take pleasure in being much abused? |
2562 | Do you mean the burning- glass? |
2562 | Do you not hear? |
2562 | Do you perceive that you are soon to obtain the greatest benefits through us alone of the gods? |
2562 | Do you see this little door and little house? |
2562 | Do you see what you are doing? |
2562 | Do you see? |
2562 | Do you see? |
2562 | Do you wish to know clearly celestial matters, what they rightly are? |
2562 | Does meditation attract the moisture to the water- cresses? |
2562 | Even if witnesses were present when I borrowed the money? |
2562 | For come, where is it? |
2562 | For ought you not then immediately to be beaten and trampled on, bidding me sing, just as if you were entertaining cicadae? |
2562 | For what has come into your heads that you acted insolently toward the gods, and pried into the seat of the moon? |
2562 | For what matter do you summon me? |
2562 | For what now was the first thing you were taught? |
2562 | For what purpose a chaplet? |
2562 | For what, pray, is the thunderbolt? |
2562 | For what, pray, shall I weep? |
2562 | For why ought your body to be exempt from blows and mine not? |
2562 | From what class do tragedians come? |
2562 | Have I done any wrong? |
2562 | Have you arrived at such a pitch of frenzy that you believe madmen? |
2562 | Have you ever seen this stone in the chemist''s shops, the beautiful and transparent one, from which they kindle fire? |
2562 | Have you ever, when you; looked up, seen a cloud like to a centaur, or a panther, or a wolf, or a bull? |
2562 | Have you got anything? |
2562 | Have you not heard me, that I said that the Clouds, when full of moisture, dash against each other and clap by reason of their density? |
2562 | How can this youth ever learn an acquittal from a trial or a legal summons, or persuasive refutation? |
2562 | How did you get in debt without observing it? |
2562 | How many courses will the war- chariots run? |
2562 | How now ought I to call them? |
2562 | How ought I to call it henceforth? |
2562 | How then can I awake him in the most agreeable manner? |
2562 | How then did he measure this? |
2562 | How then is it just that you should recover your money, if you know nothing of meteorological matters? |
2562 | How would I call? |
2562 | How, pray? |
2562 | How, pray? |
2562 | How, then, being an old man, shall I learn the subtleties of refined disquisitions? |
2562 | How, then, if justice exists, has Jupiter not perished, who bound his own father? |
2562 | How, then, will you be able to learn? |
2562 | How? |
2562 | How? |
2562 | How? |
2562 | How? |
2562 | How? |
2562 | I do not ask you this, but which you account the most beautiful measure; the trimetre or the tetrameter? |
2562 | I will be silent: what else can I do? |
2562 | I will pass over to that part of my discourse where you interrupted me; and first I will ask you this: Did you beat me when I was a boy? |
2562 | I''ll lay on you, goading you behind, you outrigger? |
2562 | I? |
2562 | If I be diligent and learn zealously, to which of your disciples shall I become like? |
2562 | In what then, pray, shall I obey you? |
2562 | In what way do I make kardopos masculine? |
2562 | In what way? |
2562 | In what way? |
2562 | Is it for this reason, pray, that you have also lost your cloak? |
2562 | Is it not Jupiter? |
2562 | Is it not just, however, that they should have their reward, on account of these? |
2562 | Is it not then with justice, who does not serve in the army? |
2562 | Is it possible that you consider the sea to be greater now than formerly? |
2562 | Is not this an insult, pray? |
2562 | Is the power of speaking, pray, implanted in your nature? |
2562 | Just Do you deny that it exists? |
2562 | Kardope in the feminine? |
2562 | My good sir, what is the matter with you, O father? |
2562 | Nay, what could he ever suffer still greater than this? |
2562 | Nay, what was the thing in which we knead our flour? |
2562 | Nothing at all? |
2562 | O Hercules, from what country are these wild beasts? |
2562 | Of what description? |
2562 | Of what kind? |
2562 | Of what two Causes? |
2562 | Oh, what shall I call you? |
2562 | Pasias( entering with his summons- witness) Then, ought a man to throw away any part of his own property? |
2562 | Phidippides, my little Phidippides? |
2562 | Pray where? |
2562 | Pray, of what nature are they? |
2562 | Proceed; why do you keep poking about the door? |
2562 | Seest thou, then, how good a thing is learning? |
2562 | Shall I bring him into court and convict him of lunacy, or shall I give information of his madness to the coffin- makers? |
2562 | Shall I then ever see this? |
2562 | Tell me now, what do you prescribe? |
2562 | Tell me now, whether you think that Jupiter always rains fresh rain on each occasion, or that the sun draws from below the same water back again? |
2562 | Tell me what is this? |
2562 | Tell me, O Socrates, I beseech you, by Jupiter, who are these that have uttered this grand song? |
2562 | Tell me, by doing what? |
2562 | Tell me, do you love me? |
2562 | Tell me, pray, if they are really clouds, what ails them, that they resemble mortal women? |
2562 | Tell us then boldly, what we must do for you? |
2562 | Tell us what you require? |
2562 | The better, or the worse? |
2562 | The boys weep, and do you not think it is right that a father should weep? |
2562 | Then have you perceived that you say nothing to the purpose? |
2562 | Then what shall I gain, pray? |
2562 | Then wo n''t you pay me? |
2562 | To what do they seem to you to be like? |
2562 | Vortex? |
2562 | Was it not then a man like you and me, who first proposed this law, and by speaking persuaded the ancients? |
2562 | Well, what is it? |
2562 | Were you ever, after being stuffed with broth at the Panathenaic festival, then disturbed in your belly, and did a tumult suddenly rumble through it? |
2562 | Were you not therefore justly beaten, who do not praise Euripides, the wisest of poets? |
2562 | What Jupiter? |
2562 | What ails you? |
2562 | What am I doing? |
2562 | What are you about? |
2562 | What are you doing, fellow? |
2562 | What are you doing, pray, you fellow on the roof? |
2562 | What argument will he be able to state, to prove that he is not a blackguard? |
2562 | What belongs to an allotment? |
2562 | What do you say? |
2562 | What do you say? |
2562 | What do you say? |
2562 | What do you say? |
2562 | What do you think he will do? |
2562 | What do you wonder at? |
2562 | What else but this finger? |
2562 | What evil, pray, has Tlepolemus ever done you? |
2562 | What gods? |
2562 | What good could any one learn from them? |
2562 | What good, pray, would this do you? |
2562 | What have you made of your slippers, you foolish man? |
2562 | What is this? |
2562 | What money is this? |
2562 | What must I do? |
2562 | What must I do? |
2562 | What names are masculine? |
2562 | What say you? |
2562 | What shall I do, my father being crazed? |
2562 | What shall I experience? |
2562 | What sort of animal is this interest? |
2562 | What then did he contrive for provisions? |
2562 | What then is the use of this? |
2562 | What then will you say if you be conquered by me in this? |
2562 | What then would you say if you heard another contrivance of Socrates? |
2562 | What then, pray, is this, father? |
2562 | What then? |
2562 | What then? |
2562 | What then? |
2562 | What then? |
2562 | What then? |
2562 | What was it? |
2562 | What was the fist? |
2562 | What''s the matter? |
2562 | What''s the matter? |
2562 | What, father? |
2562 | What, old man? |
2562 | What, pray, do you fear? |
2562 | What, really? |
2562 | What, then, did he say about the gnat? |
2562 | What, then, do you see? |
2562 | What, then, will you say? |
2562 | What? |
2562 | What? |
2562 | What? |
2562 | Where is Strepsiades? |
2562 | Where is it? |
2562 | Where is this man who asks me for his money? |
2562 | Where, pray, did you ever see cold Herculean baths? |
2562 | Who are they? |
2562 | Who are you? |
2562 | Who is it that compels them to borne along? |
2562 | Who it is that knocked at the door? |
2562 | Who rains then? |
2562 | Who says this? |
2562 | Who then? |
2562 | Who''s"Himself"? |
2562 | Who, O shameless fellow, reared you, understanding all your wishes, when you lisped what you meant? |
2562 | Whoever is this, who is lamenting? |
2562 | Why are you distressed? |
2562 | Why callest thou me, thou creature of a day? |
2562 | Why did I borrow them? |
2562 | Why did you light the thirsty lamp? |
2562 | Why do you delay? |
2562 | Why do you talk foolishly? |
2562 | Why do you talk nonsense? |
2562 | Why so, pray? |
2562 | Why so? |
2562 | Why then do we admire Thales? |
2562 | Why then does their rump look toward heaven? |
2562 | Why then is it less lawful for me also in turn to propose henceforth a new law for the sons, that they should beat their fathers in turn? |
2562 | Why then, since you imitate the cocks in all things, do you not both eat dung and sleep on a perch? |
2562 | Why thus do I loiter and not knock at the door? |
2562 | Why twelve minae to Pasias? |
2562 | Why, how can it be just to beat a father? |
2562 | Why, how with justice? |
2562 | Why, how, when my money is gone, my complexion gone, my life gone, and my slipper gone? |
2562 | Why, how? |
2562 | Why, is any day old and new? |
2562 | Why, is there any Jove? |
2562 | Why, pray, did he add the old day? |
2562 | Why, pray, did you laugh at this? |
2562 | Why, pray, did you not tell me this, then, but excited with hopes a rustic and aged man? |
2562 | Why, pray, do you talk nonsense, as if you had fallen from an ass? |
2562 | Why, pray? |
2562 | Why, then, do the magistrates not receive the deposits on the new moon, but on the Old and New? |
2562 | Why, what are these doing, who are bent down so much? |
2562 | Why, what else, than chopping logic with the beams of your house? |
2562 | Why, what good should I get else from his instruction? |
2562 | Why, what shall I learn? |
2562 | Why, what, if they should see Simon, a plunderer of the public property, what do they do? |
2562 | Why, where are my fellow- tribesmen of Cicynna? |
2562 | Will it never be day? |
2562 | Will you move quickly? |
2562 | Will you not pack off to the devil, you most forgetful and most stupid old man? |
2562 | Will you not quickly cover yourself up and think of something? |
2562 | Will you not take yourself off from my house? |
2562 | Will you not then pack off as fast as possible from my door? |
2562 | Will you not, pray, now believe in no god, except what we believe in-- this Chaos, and the Clouds, and the Tongue-- these three? |
2562 | Will you overcome me in this? |
2562 | Wo n''t you march, Mr. Blood- horse? |
2562 | Yes, by Jupiter, with justice? |
2562 | You destroy me? |
2562 | whether do you wish to take and lead away this your son, or shall I teach him to speak? |
1591 | ''And do you not pursue after pleasure as a good, and avoid pain as an evil?'' |
1591 | ''And have you not a similar way of speaking about pain? |
1591 | ''And is this a sort of thing which is of the nature of the holy, or of the nature of the unholy?'' |
1591 | ''Are these things good for any other reason except that they end in pleasure, and get rid of and avert pain? |
1591 | ''But how,''he will reply,''can the good be unworthy of the evil, or the evil of the good''? |
1591 | ''But in what will he be better?'' |
1591 | ''By what?'' |
1591 | ''Shall this be the manner in which I am to distribute justice and reverence among men, or shall I give them to all?'' |
1591 | ( 3) Again, would parents who teach her sons lesser matters leave them ignorant of the common duty of citizens? |
1591 | --and I were to answer, just: would you vote with me or against me? |
1591 | --how would you answer him? |
1591 | --they would acknowledge that they were not? |
1591 | --they would agree to the latter alternative, if I am not mistaken? |
1591 | --they would assent to me? |
1591 | --we should answer,''Yes,''if I am not mistaken? |
1591 | Again we knocked, and he answered without opening: Did you not hear me say that he is not at home, fellows? |
1591 | And are justice and holiness opposed to one another?'' |
1591 | And are not these confident persons also courageous? |
1591 | And because of that ignorance they are cowards? |
1591 | And by what is he overcome? |
1591 | And do men have some one part and some another part of virtue? |
1591 | And do the cowards knowingly refuse to go to the nobler, and pleasanter, and better? |
1591 | And do you remember that folly has already been acknowledged by us to be the opposite of wisdom? |
1591 | And do you think that a man lives well who lives in pain and grief? |
1591 | And do you think that the ode is a good composition, and true? |
1591 | And do you think, I said in a tone of surprise, that justice and holiness have but a small degree of likeness? |
1591 | And do you think, he said, that the two sayings are consistent? |
1591 | And does not the poet proceed to say,''I do not agree with the word of Pittacus, albeit the utterance of a wise man: Hardly can a man be good''? |
1591 | And first, you would agree with me that justice is of the nature of a thing, would you not? |
1591 | And foolish actions are done by folly, and temperate actions by temperance? |
1591 | And good sense is good counsel in doing injustice? |
1591 | And have they not been shown to be cowards through their ignorance of dangers? |
1591 | And have you an answer for him? |
1591 | And have you not seen persons utterly ignorant, I said, of these things, and yet confident about them? |
1591 | And if he were further to ask: What is the wisdom of the Sophist, and what is the manufacture over which he presides?--how should we answer him? |
1591 | And if honourable, then good? |
1591 | And if not base, then honourable? |
1591 | And in causing diseases do they not cause pain? |
1591 | And in opposite ways? |
1591 | And is going to battle honourable or disgraceful? |
1591 | And is it partly good and partly bad, I said, or wholly good? |
1591 | And is not ignorance the having a false opinion and being deceived about important matters? |
1591 | And is not wisdom the very opposite of folly? |
1591 | And is the good that which is expedient for man? |
1591 | And is there anything good? |
1591 | And is there not a contradiction? |
1591 | And might you not, I said, affirm this of the painter and of the carpenter also: Do not they, too, know wise things? |
1591 | And one thing is done by temperance, and quite another thing by folly? |
1591 | And shall I argue with them or with you? |
1591 | And suppose that he turned to you and said,''Is this true, Protagoras? |
1591 | And suppose that he went on to say:''Well now, is there also such a thing as holiness?'' |
1591 | And suppose that he went to Orthagoras the Theban, and heard him say the same thing, and asked him,''In what shall I become better day by day?'' |
1591 | And temperance is good sense? |
1591 | And temperance makes them temperate? |
1591 | And that is done strongly which is done by strength, and that which is weakly done, by weakness? |
1591 | And that which is done in opposite ways is done by opposites? |
1591 | And that which is done in the same manner, is done by the same; and that which is done in an opposite manner by the opposite? |
1591 | And that which is done with swiftness is done swiftly, and that which is done with slowness, slowly? |
1591 | And that which was done foolishly, as we further admitted, was done in the opposite way to that which was done temperately? |
1591 | And that which was done temperately was done by temperance, and that which was done foolishly by folly? |
1591 | And the courageous man has no base fear or base confidence? |
1591 | And the ignorance of them is cowardice? |
1591 | And the knowledge of that which is and is not dangerous is courage, and is opposed to the ignorance of these things? |
1591 | And the reason of this is that they have knowledge? |
1591 | And the reason why they are cowards is admitted by you to be cowardice? |
1591 | And then after this suppose that he came and asked us,''What were you saying just now? |
1591 | And there is the acute in sound? |
1591 | And therefore by opposites:--then folly is the opposite of temperance? |
1591 | And these base fears and confidences originate in ignorance and uninstructedness? |
1591 | And they are all different from one another? |
1591 | And they who do not act rightly act foolishly, and in acting thus are not temperate? |
1591 | And this, as possessing measure, must undeniably also be an art and science? |
1591 | And we admitted also that what was done in opposite ways was done by opposites? |
1591 | And we said that everything has only one opposite? |
1591 | And what am I doing? |
1591 | And what is good and honourable, I said, is also pleasant? |
1591 | And what is that which the Sophist knows and makes his disciple know? |
1591 | And what is your purpose? |
1591 | And what sort of well- doing makes a man a good physician? |
1591 | And what will he make of you? |
1591 | And what will they make of you? |
1591 | And what, Socrates, is the food of the soul? |
1591 | And when men act rightly and advantageously they seem to you to be temperate? |
1591 | And when you speak of being overcome--''what do you mean,''he will say,''but that you choose the greater evil in exchange for the lesser good?'' |
1591 | And who have confidence when fighting on horseback-- the skilled horseman or the unskilled? |
1591 | And who when fighting with light shields-- the peltasts or the nonpeltasts? |
1591 | And why, I said, do you neither assent nor dissent, Protagoras? |
1591 | And would you wish to begin the enquiry? |
1591 | And you think otherwise? |
1591 | And you would admit the existence of goods? |
1591 | And you would call pleasant, I said, the things which participate in pleasure or create pleasure? |
1591 | Are not all actions honourable and useful, of which the tendency is to make life painless and pleasant? |
1591 | Are these the things which are good but painful?'' |
1591 | Are they not the confident? |
1591 | Are you looking to any other standard but pleasure and pain when you call them good?'' |
1591 | Are you not of Homer''s opinion, who says''Youth is most charming when the beard first appears''? |
1591 | Are you satisfied, then, at having a life of pleasure which is without pain? |
1591 | Because all men are teachers of virtue, each one according to his ability; and you say Where are the teachers? |
1591 | But does not the courageous man also go to meet the better, and pleasanter, and nobler? |
1591 | But if he lives pleasantly to the end of his life, will he not in that case have lived well? |
1591 | But if there is a contradiction, can the composition be good or true? |
1591 | But shall I tell you a strange thing? |
1591 | But short enough? |
1591 | But some one will ask, Why? |
1591 | But suppose a person were to ask this further question: And how about yourself? |
1591 | But suppose a person were to ask us: In what are the painters wise? |
1591 | But surely courage, I said, is opposed to cowardice? |
1591 | But the fear and confidence of the coward or foolhardy or madman, on the contrary, are base? |
1591 | But what matter? |
1591 | But what sort of doing is good in letters? |
1591 | But what would you like? |
1591 | But which of the two are they who, as you say, are unwilling to go to war, which is a good and honourable thing? |
1591 | But who is to be the umpire? |
1591 | But why then do the sons of good fathers often turn out ill? |
1591 | But why, Socrates, should we trouble ourselves about the opinion of the many, who just say anything that happens to occur to them? |
1591 | By the gods, I said, and are you not ashamed at having to appear before the Hellenes in the character of a Sophist? |
1591 | COMPANION: And do you just come from an interview with him? |
1591 | COMPANION: And is this stranger really in your opinion a fairer love than the son of Cleinias? |
1591 | COMPANION: But have you really met, Socrates, with some wise one? |
1591 | COMPANION: Of what country? |
1591 | COMPANION: Well, and how do matters proceed? |
1591 | COMPANION: What do you mean-- a citizen or a foreigner? |
1591 | COMPANION: What is the meaning of this? |
1591 | COMPANION: Where do you come from, Socrates? |
1591 | Delightful, I said; but what is the news? |
1591 | Did not Simonides first set forth, as his own view, that''Hardly can a man become truly good''? |
1591 | Do I understand you, I said; and is your meaning that you teach the art of politics, and that you promise to make men good citizens? |
1591 | Do they also differ from one another in themselves and in their functions? |
1591 | Do you admit the existence of folly? |
1591 | Do you hear, Protagoras, I asked, what our friend Prodicus is saying? |
1591 | Do you know the poem? |
1591 | Do you think that an unjust man can be temperate in his injustice? |
1591 | Do you wish, he said, to speak with me alone, or in the presence of the company? |
1591 | Does he agree with the common opinion that knowledge is overcome by passion? |
1591 | First of all we admitted that everything has one opposite and not more than one? |
1591 | For Socrates admits his inability to speak long; will Protagoras in like manner acknowledge his inability to speak short? |
1591 | Has Protagoras robbed you of anything? |
1591 | Has anything happened between you and him? |
1591 | Have you been visiting him, and was he gracious to you? |
1591 | He and his fellow- workmen have taught them to the best of their ability,--but who will carry them further in their arts? |
1591 | How is this to be reconciled? |
1591 | How should we answer him, Socrates? |
1591 | How so? |
1591 | How then can I do otherwise than invite you to the examination of these subjects, and ask questions and consult with you? |
1591 | I knew his voice, and said: Hippocrates, is that you? |
1591 | I know that Pheidias is a sculptor, and that Homer is a poet; but what appellation is given to Protagoras? |
1591 | I proceeded: Is not a Sophist, Hippocrates, one who deals wholesale or retail in the food of the soul? |
1591 | I said: I wonder whether you know what you are doing? |
1591 | I said: You would admit, Protagoras, that some men live well and others ill? |
1591 | I said; or shall I begin? |
1591 | I want to know whether you still think that there are men who are most ignorant and yet most courageous? |
1591 | I, who knew the very courageous madness of the man, said: What is the matter? |
1591 | If I am not mistaken the question was this: Are wisdom and temperance and courage and justice and holiness five names of the same thing? |
1591 | If they succeed, I said, or if they do not succeed? |
1591 | Is Protagoras in Athens? |
1591 | Is not that true, Protagoras? |
1591 | Is not that true? |
1591 | Is not the real explanation that they are out of proportion to one another, either as greater and smaller, or more and fewer? |
1591 | Is that, he will ask, because the good was worthy or not worthy of conquering the evil''? |
1591 | May I employ an illustration? |
1591 | Must not he make him eloquent in that which he understands? |
1591 | Now is that your view? |
1591 | Now when there is all this care about virtue private and public, why, Socrates, do you still wonder and doubt whether virtue can be taught? |
1591 | Now who becomes a bad physician? |
1591 | Once more, I said, is there anything beautiful? |
1591 | Or if a man has one part, must he also have all the others? |
1591 | Or you might ask, Who is to teach the sons of our artisans this same art which they have learned of their fathers? |
1591 | Please to consider: Is there or is there not some one quality of which all the citizens must be partakers, if there is to be a city at all? |
1591 | Protagoras has spoken of the virtues: are they many, or one? |
1591 | SOCRATES: And is not the wiser always the fairer, sweet friend? |
1591 | SOCRATES: What of his beard? |
1591 | Shall I answer what appears to me to be short enough, or what appears to you to be short enough? |
1591 | Shall I, as an elder, speak to you as younger men in an apologue or myth, or shall I argue out the question? |
1591 | Socrates renews the attack from another side: he would like to know whether pleasure is not the only good, and pain the only evil? |
1591 | Suppose again, I said, that the world says to me:''Why do you spend many words and speak in many ways on this subject?'' |
1591 | Tell me then; who are they who have confidence when diving into a well? |
1591 | Tell me, Hippocrates, I said, as you are going to Protagoras, and will be paying your money to him, what is he to whom you are going? |
1591 | That is my opinion: would it not be yours also? |
1591 | The honourable work is also useful and good? |
1591 | The world will assent, will they not? |
1591 | Then I proceeded to say: Well, but are you aware of the danger which you are incurring? |
1591 | Then about what does the Sophist make him eloquent? |
1591 | Then against something different? |
1591 | Then as to the motive from which the cowards act, do you call it cowardice or courage? |
1591 | Then do cowards go where there is safety, and the courageous where there is danger? |
1591 | Then every opposite has one opposite only and no more? |
1591 | Then tell me, what do you imagine that he is? |
1591 | Then the ignorance of what is and is not dangerous is cowardice? |
1591 | Then the wisdom which knows what are and are not dangers is opposed to the ignorance of them? |
1591 | Then to act foolishly is the opposite of acting temperately? |
1591 | Then to live pleasantly is a good, and to live unpleasantly an evil? |
1591 | Then we are going to pay our money to him in the character of a Sophist? |
1591 | Then who are the courageous? |
1591 | Then, I said, no other part of virtue is like knowledge, or like justice, or like courage, or like temperance, or like holiness? |
1591 | Then, Protagoras, which of the two assertions shall we renounce? |
1591 | Then, my friends, what do you say to this? |
1591 | Thereupon I should answer to him who asked me, that justice is of the nature of the just: would not you? |
1591 | This admission, which has been somewhat hastily made, is now taken up and cross- examined by Socrates:--''Is justice just, and is holiness holy? |
1591 | To which the only opposite is the evil? |
1591 | To which the only opposite is the grave? |
1591 | To which the only opposite is the ugly? |
1591 | Well then, I said, tell us against what are the courageous ready to go-- against the same dangers as the cowards? |
1591 | What did he mean, Prodicus, by the term''hard''? |
1591 | What do you mean? |
1591 | What does he think of knowledge? |
1591 | What else would you say? |
1591 | What other answer could there be but that he presides over the art which makes men eloquent? |
1591 | What will Protagoras make of you, if you go to see him? |
1591 | What would you say? |
1591 | When you speak of brave men, do you mean the confident, or another sort of nature? |
1591 | Which of these two assertions shall we renounce? |
1591 | Which you would also acknowledge to be a thing-- should we not say so? |
1591 | Who is so foolish as to chastise or instruct the ugly, or the diminutive, or the feeble? |
1591 | Why do I say all this? |
1591 | Why, he said, how can he be consistent in both? |
1591 | Will Protagoras answer these objections? |
1591 | Will you be so good? |
1591 | Would not mankind generally acknowledge that the art which accomplishes this result is the art of measurement? |
1591 | Would not the art of measuring be the saving principle; or would the power of appearance? |
1591 | Would they still be evil, if they had no attendant evil consequences, simply because they give the consciousness of pleasure of whatever nature?'' |
1591 | Would you not admit, my friends, that this is true? |
1591 | Would you not answer in the same way? |
1591 | Yes, I replied; he came two days ago: have you only just heard of his arrival? |
1591 | You might as well ask, Who teaches Greek? |
1591 | You think that some men are temperate, and yet unjust? |
1591 | You would not deny, then, that courage and wisdom are also parts of virtue? |
1591 | You, Socrates, are discontented, and why? |
1591 | and about what? |
1591 | and do you bring any news? |
1591 | and do you call the latter good? |
1591 | and do you maintain that one part of virtue is unlike another, and is this your position?'' |
1591 | and in causing poverty do they not cause pain;--they would agree to that also, if I am not mistaken? |
1591 | and what sort of doing makes a man good in letters? |
1591 | and what will he make of you? |
1591 | and why do you give them this money?--how would you have answered? |
1591 | and why have you come hither at this unearthly hour? |
1591 | are they parts of a whole, or different names of the same thing? |
1591 | he said: how am I to shorten my answers? |
1591 | how is he designated? |
1591 | how would you have answered? |
1591 | or does he hold that knowledge is power? |
1591 | or shall I repeat the whole? |
1591 | shall I make them too short? |
1643 | ''If there is knowledge, there must be teachers; and where are the teachers?'' |
1643 | ''To whom, then, shall Meno go?'' |
1643 | ''what is courage?'' |
1643 | ''what is temperance?'' |
1643 | ( To the Boy:) Tell me, boy, do you assert that a double space comes from a double line? |
1643 | ANYTUS: Whom do you mean, Socrates? |
1643 | ANYTUS: Why do you not tell him yourself? |
1643 | ANYTUS: Why single out individuals? |
1643 | Am I not right? |
1643 | And am I to carry back this report of you to Thessaly? |
1643 | And if these were our reasons, should we not be right in sending him? |
1643 | And if this is the proper name, then you, Meno''s slave, are prepared to affirm that the double space is the square of the diagonal? |
1643 | And if you find what you want, how will you ever know that this is the thing which you did not know? |
1643 | And is any mode of acquisition, even if unjust and dishonest, equally to be deemed virtue? |
1643 | And now tell me, is not this a line of two feet and that of four? |
1643 | And yet, if there are no universal ideas, what becomes of philosophy? |
1643 | And, therefore, my dear Meno, I fear that I must begin again and repeat the same question: What is virtue? |
1643 | Are they not profitable when they are rightly used, and hurtful when they are not rightly used? |
1643 | But I can not believe, Socrates, that there are no good men: And if there are, how did they come into existence? |
1643 | But are you in earnest, Socrates, in saying that you do not know what virtue is? |
1643 | But how, asks Meno, can he enquire either into what he knows or into what he does not know? |
1643 | But is virtue taught or not? |
1643 | But what has been the result? |
1643 | But whence had the uneducated man this knowledge? |
1643 | But where are the teachers? |
1643 | Can he be wrong who has right opinion, so long as he has right opinion? |
1643 | Can the child govern his father, or the slave his master; and would he who governed be any longer a slave? |
1643 | Can those who were deemed by many to be the wisest men of Hellas have been out of their minds? |
1643 | Can you say that they are teachers in any true sense whose ideas are in such confusion? |
1643 | Can you teach me how this is? |
1643 | Consider the matter thus: If we wanted Meno to be a good physician, to whom should we send him? |
1643 | Could you not answer that question, Meno? |
1643 | Do not all men, my dear sir, desire good? |
1643 | Do they seem to you to be teachers of virtue? |
1643 | Do you observe that here he seems to imply that virtue can be taught? |
1643 | Do you remember them? |
1643 | Do you think that I could? |
1643 | Have there not been many good men in this city? |
1643 | Have you not heard from our elders of him? |
1643 | Health and strength, and beauty and wealth-- these, and the like of these, we call profitable? |
1643 | Here are two and there is one; and on the other side, here are two also and there is one: and that makes the figure of which you speak? |
1643 | How could that be? |
1643 | How would you answer me? |
1643 | How, if I knew nothing at all of Meno, could I tell if he was fair, or the opposite of fair; rich and noble, or the reverse of rich and noble? |
1643 | If a man knew the way to Larisa, or anywhere else, and went to the place and led others thither, would he not be a right and good guide? |
1643 | Is he a bit better than any other mortal? |
1643 | Is there any difference? |
1643 | Is virtue the same in a child and in a slave, Meno? |
1643 | It was the natural answer to two questions,''Whence came the soul? |
1643 | Let me explain: if in one direction the space was of two feet, and in the other direction of one foot, the whole would be of two feet taken once? |
1643 | Let the first hypothesis be that virtue is or is not knowledge,--in that case will it be taught or not? |
1643 | Let us take another,--Aristides, the son of Lysimachus: would you not acknowledge that he was a good man? |
1643 | Look at the matter in your own way: Would you not admit that Themistocles was a good man? |
1643 | MENO: And did you not think that he knew? |
1643 | MENO: And how will you enquire, Socrates, into that which you do not know? |
1643 | MENO: And now, Socrates, what is colour? |
1643 | MENO: But if a person were to say that he does not know what colour is, any more than what figure is-- what sort of answer would you have given him? |
1643 | MENO: How can it be otherwise? |
1643 | MENO: How do you mean, Socrates? |
1643 | MENO: Then you have never met Gorgias when he was at Athens? |
1643 | MENO: True; but do you think that there are no teachers of virtue? |
1643 | MENO: Well, Socrates, and is not the argument sound? |
1643 | MENO: Well, what of that? |
1643 | MENO: Well; and why are you so slow of heart to believe that knowledge is virtue? |
1643 | MENO: What do you mean by the word''right''? |
1643 | MENO: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1643 | MENO: What do you mean? |
1643 | MENO: What have they to do with the question? |
1643 | MENO: What of that? |
1643 | MENO: What was it? |
1643 | MENO: Where does he say so? |
1643 | MENO: Why do you say that, Socrates? |
1643 | MENO: Why do you think so? |
1643 | MENO: Why not? |
1643 | MENO: Why, how can there be virtue without these? |
1643 | MENO: Why? |
1643 | MENO: Will you have one definition of them all? |
1643 | MENO: Yes, Socrates; but what do you mean by saying that we do not learn, and that what we call learning is only a process of recollection? |
1643 | Meanwhile I will return to you, Meno; for I suppose that there are gentlemen in your region too? |
1643 | Now, has any one ever taught him all this? |
1643 | Now, to whom should he go in order that he may learn this virtue? |
1643 | Now, when you say that they deceived and corrupted the youth, are they to be supposed to have corrupted them consciously or unconsciously? |
1643 | Once more, I suspect, friend Anytus, that virtue is not a thing which can be taught? |
1643 | Or is the nature of health always the same, whether in man or woman? |
1643 | Ought I not to ask the question over again; for can any one who does not know virtue know a part of virtue? |
1643 | Please, Anytus, to help me and your friend Meno in answering our question, Who are the teachers? |
1643 | SOCRATES: A square may be of any size? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And a person who had a right opinion about the way, but had never been and did not know, might be a good guide also, might he not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And a third, which is equal to either of them? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And am I not also right in saying that true opinion leading the way perfects action quite as well as knowledge? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And are there not here four equal lines which contain this space? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And are there not these four divisions in the figure, each of which is equal to the figure of four feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And are they willing to teach the young? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And can either a young man or an elder one be good, if they are intemperate and unjust? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And can either house or state or anything be well ordered without temperance and without justice? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And conversely, may not the art of which neither teachers nor disciples exist be assumed to be incapable of being taught? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And desire is of possession? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And did not he train his son Lysimachus better than any other Athenian in all that could be done for him by the help of masters? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And do you really imagine, Meno, that a man knows evils to be evils and desires them notwithstanding? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does any one desire to be miserable and ill- fated? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does he really know? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does he think that the evils will do good to him who possesses them, or does he know that they will do him harm? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does he who desires the honourable also desire the good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does not this line, reaching from corner to corner, bisect each of these spaces? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And does this definition of virtue include all virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And for this reason-- that there are other figures? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And four is how many times two? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And four such lines will make a space containing eight feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And four times is not double? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And from what line do you get this figure? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how many are twice two feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how many in this? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how many spaces are there in this section? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how many times larger is this space than this other? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how much are three times three feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And how much is the double of four? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if he proceeded to ask, What other figures are there? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if it was taught it was wisdom? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if one man is not better than another in desiring good, he must be better in the power of attaining it? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if one side of the figure be of two feet, and the other side be of two feet, how much will the whole be? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if there are no teachers, neither are there disciples? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if there are no teachers, neither are there scholars? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if there were teachers, it might be taught; and if there were no teachers, not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And if we are good, then we are profitable; for all good things are profitable? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And in speaking thus, you do not mean to say that the round is round any more than straight, or the straight any more straight than round? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And in supposing that they will be useful only if they are true guides to us of action-- there we were also right? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And is not that four times four? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And is not this true of size and strength? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And is not this universally true of human nature? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And may we not, Meno, truly call those men''divine''who, having no understanding, yet succeed in many a grand deed and word? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And might not the same be said of flute- playing, and of the other arts? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And might there not be another square twice as large as this, and having like this the lines equal? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And must not he then have been a good teacher, if any man ever was a good teacher, of his own virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And must they not suppose that those who are hurt are miserable in proportion to the hurt which is inflicted upon them? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And nature being excluded, then came the question whether virtue is acquired by teaching? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And now I add another square equal to the former one? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And now try and tell me the length of the line which forms the side of that double square: this is two feet-- what will that be? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And of how many feet will that be? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And passages into which and through which the effluences pass? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And shall I explain this wonder to you? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And so forth? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And some of the effluences fit into the passages, and some of them are too small or too large? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And surely the good man has been acknowledged by us to be useful? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And the right guide is useful and good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And the space of four feet is made from this half line? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And the women too, Meno, call good men divine-- do they not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And then you will tell me about virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And there are no teachers of virtue to be found anywhere? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And there is such a thing as sight? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And these lines which I have drawn through the middle of the square are also equal? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And they surely would not have been good in the same way, unless their virtue had been the same? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And this knowledge which he now has must he not either have acquired or always possessed? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And this space is of how many feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And this spontaneous recovery of knowledge in him is recollection? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And thus we arrive at the conclusion that virtue is either wholly or partly wisdom? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And virtue makes us good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And we have admitted that a thing can not be taught of which there are neither teachers nor disciples? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And were we not saying just now that justice, temperance, and the like, were each of them a part of virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And what do you think of these Sophists, who are the only professors? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And what is the guiding principle which makes them profitable or the reverse? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And will not virtue, as virtue, be the same, whether in a child or in a grown- up person, in a woman or in a man? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And yet he has the knowledge? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And yet these things may also sometimes do us harm: would you not think so? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And yet we admitted that it was a good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And yet, as we were just now saying, he did not know? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And yet, were you not saying just now that virtue is the desire and power of attaining good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And you know that a square figure has these four lines equal? |
1643 | SOCRATES: And, in your opinion, do those who think that they will do them good know that they are evils? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But are not the miserable ill- fated? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But did any one, old or young, ever say in your hearing that Cleophantus, son of Themistocles, was a wise or good man, as his father was? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But does not this line become doubled if we add another such line here? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But how much? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if he did not acquire the knowledge in this life, then he must have had and learned it at some other time? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if neither the Sophists nor the gentlemen are teachers, clearly there can be no other teachers? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if the good are not by nature good, are they made good by instruction? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if there are three feet this way and three feet that way, the whole space will be three times three feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if this be affirmed, then the desire of good is common to all, and one man is no better than another in that respect? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But if this is true, then the good are not by nature good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But since this side is also of two feet, there are twice two feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But still he had in him those notions of his-- had he not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But surely we acknowledged that there were no teachers of virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But why? |
1643 | SOCRATES: But would he not have wanted? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Can we call those teachers who do not acknowledge the possibility of their own vocation? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Do not he and you and Empedocles say that there are certain effluences of existence? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Do you mean that they think the evils which they desire, to be good; or do they know that they are evil and yet desire them? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Do you remember how, in the example of figure, we rejected any answer given in terms which were as yet unexplained or unadmitted? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Do you see, Meno, what advances he has made in his power of recollection? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Four times four are sixteen-- are they not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Good; and is not a space of eight feet twice the size of this, and half the size of the other? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Has any of the Sophists wronged you, Anytus? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Has not each interior line cut off half of the four spaces? |
1643 | SOCRATES: He is Greek, and speaks Greek, does he not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Here, then, there are four equal spaces? |
1643 | SOCRATES: I will tell you why: I have heard from certain wise men and women who spoke of things divine that-- MENO: What did they say? |
1643 | SOCRATES: If virtue was wisdom( or knowledge), then, as we thought, it was taught? |
1643 | SOCRATES: If we have made him doubt, and given him the''torpedo''s shock,''have we done him any harm? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Is he not better off in knowing his ignorance? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Let us describe such a figure: Would you not say that this is the figure of eight feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Or if we wanted him to be a good cobbler, should we not send him to the cobblers? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Shall I indulge you? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Such a space, then, will be made out of a line greater than this one, and less than that one? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Suppose that we fill up the vacant corner? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Tell me, boy, do you know that a figure like this is a square? |
1643 | SOCRATES: That is, from the line which extends from corner to corner of the figure of four feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: The next question is, whether virtue is knowledge or of another species? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then all men are good in the same way, and by participation in the same virtues? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then are there some who desire the evil and others who desire the good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then begin again, and answer me, What, according to you and your friend Gorgias, is the definition of virtue? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then both men and women, if they are to be good men and women, must have the same virtues of temperance and justice? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then do you not think that the Sophists are teachers? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then he was the better for the torpedo''s touch? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then he who does not know may still have true notions of that which he does not know? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then if they are not given by nature, neither are the good by nature good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then if virtue is knowledge, virtue will be taught? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then no one could say that his son showed any want of capacity? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then now we have made a quick end of this question: if virtue is of such a nature, it will be taught; and if not, not? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then right opinion is not less useful than knowledge? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then the figure of eight is not made out of a line of three? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then the line which forms the side of eight feet ought to be more than this line of two feet, and less than the other of four feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then the square is of twice two feet? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then they who order a state or a house temperately or justly order them with temperance and justice? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then virtue can not be taught? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then virtue is profitable? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then we acknowledged that it was not taught, and was not wisdom? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then you are entirely unacquainted with them? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then, according to your definition, virtue would appear to be the power of attaining good? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Then, my dear friend, how can you know whether a thing is good or bad of which you are wholly ignorant? |
1643 | SOCRATES: There are some who desire evil? |
1643 | SOCRATES: They must be temperate and just? |
1643 | SOCRATES: To what then do we give the name of figure? |
1643 | SOCRATES: What are they? |
1643 | SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1643 | SOCRATES: What do you say of him, Meno? |
1643 | SOCRATES: What line would give you a space of eight feet, as this gives one of sixteen feet;--do you see? |
1643 | SOCRATES: What, Anytus? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Which must have been the time when he was not a man? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Why simple? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Without any one teaching him he will recover his knowledge for himself, if he is only asked questions? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Would you like me to answer you after the manner of Gorgias, which is familiar to you? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Would you say''virtue,''Meno, or''a virtue''? |
1643 | SOCRATES: Yes, indeed; but what if the supposition is erroneous? |
1643 | SOCRATES: You only assert that the round figure is not more a figure than the straight, or the straight than the round? |
1643 | SOCRATES: You surely know, do you not, Anytus, that these are the people whom mankind call Sophists? |
1643 | SOCRATES: You would not wonder if you had ever observed the images of Daedalus( Compare Euthyphro); but perhaps you have not got them in your country? |
1643 | Should we not send him to the physicians? |
1643 | Suppose now that some one asked you the question which I asked before: Meno, he would say, what is figure? |
1643 | Suppose that I carry on the figure of the swarm, and ask of you, What is the nature of the bee? |
1643 | Tell me, boy, is not this a square of four feet which I have drawn? |
1643 | There is another sort of progress from the general notions of Socrates, who asked simply,''what is friendship?'' |
1643 | This Dialogue is an attempt to answer the question, Can virtue be taught? |
1643 | Were not all these answers given out of his own head? |
1643 | Were we not right in admitting this? |
1643 | Were you not saying that the virtue of a man was to order a state, and the virtue of a woman was to order a house? |
1643 | What is the origin of evil?'' |
1643 | What makes you so angry with them? |
1643 | What will you put forth as the subject of enquiry? |
1643 | When a man has no sense he is harmed by courage, but when he has sense he is profited? |
1643 | Whom would you name? |
1643 | Why, did not I ask you to tell me the nature of virtue as a whole? |
1643 | Will Meno tell him his own notion, which is probably not very different from that of Gorgias? |
1643 | Will you be satisfied with it, as I am sure that I should be, if you would let me have a similar definition of virtue? |
1643 | Will you reply that he was a mean man, and had not many friends among the Athenians and allies? |
1643 | Yet once more, fair friend; according to you, virtue is''the power of governing;''but do you not add''justly and not unjustly''? |
1643 | and do they agree that virtue is taught? |
1643 | and do they profess to be teachers? |
1643 | and who were they? |
1643 | or is there anything about which even the acknowledged''gentlemen''are sometimes saying that''this thing can be taught,''and sometimes the opposite? |
1643 | or rather, does not every one see that knowledge alone is taught? |
1643 | or, as we were just now saying,''remembered''? |
1643 | would do well to have his eye fixed: Do you understand? |
14752 | Almighty Father,he cried, raising his eyes and hands towards heaven,"why dost thou think me worthy of such shame as this? |
14752 | And how happens that? 14752 And pray what would satisfy you?" |
14752 | And what is there in this magnificent golden rose to make you cry? |
14752 | And what manner of youth is he? |
14752 | And will you carry me back when I have seen it? |
14752 | And will you never regret the possession of it? |
14752 | Are ye traders, or, haply, pirates? |
14752 | Are you indeed,he exclaimed,"come to me at last, my son? |
14752 | Art thou mad, O foster- son of Zeus? 14752 Barbarous wretch,"cried Mezentius,"thinkest thou to affright me with thy weapons, now that thou hast robbed me of my son? |
14752 | But can I do nothing to help them? |
14752 | Did you ever hear the like? |
14752 | Do you not know that this island is enchanted? 14752 Do you, indeed, my dear child?" |
14752 | Does it presume to be green, when I have bidden it be barren until my daughter shall be restored to my arms? |
14752 | Does the earth disobey me? |
14752 | Does your majesty intend to throw doubt on my story? |
14752 | Foolish woman,answered Ceres,"did you not promise to intrust this poor infant entirely to me? |
14752 | Have I not said that I doubted not? |
14752 | Have the proud lords come home from their ambush, or are they still waiting out yonder to take me as I return? |
14752 | Have they undergone a similar change, through the arts of this wicked Circe? |
14752 | Have you anything to tell me, little bird? |
14752 | How could it fail? |
14752 | Is it a wholesome wine? |
14752 | Is it much farther? |
14752 | Is it not a very pleasant stream? |
14752 | Light of my eyes, dear son, have you come home at last? 14752 My child,"said she,"did you taste any food while you were in King Pluto''s palace?" |
14752 | My pretty bird,said Eurylochus,--for he was a wary person, and let no token of harm escape his notice,--"my pretty bird, who sent you hither? |
14752 | O my son,he exclaimed,"was I possessed with such a fond desire of life as to suffer thee to offer thyself in my place to the relentless foe? |
14752 | Oh, my sweet violets, shall I never see you again? |
14752 | Oh, where is my dear child? |
14752 | Pray what is the matter with you, this bright morning? |
14752 | Pray, my good host, whence did you gather them? |
14752 | Pray, my young friend,said he, as they grew familiar together,"what may I call your name?" |
14752 | Pray, nurse,the queen kept saying,"how is it that you make the child thrive so?" |
14752 | Quicksilver? 14752 That little bird which met me at the edge of the cliff,"exclaimed Ulysses;"was he a human being once?" |
14752 | The Golden Touch,asked the stranger,"or your own little Marygold, warm, soft, and loving as she was an hour ago?" |
14752 | The Golden Touch,continued the stranger,"or a crust of bread?" |
14752 | Then you are not satisfied? |
14752 | Thoughtest thou, my father,he cried,"that I should flee and leave thee behind? |
14752 | Well, friend Midas,said the stranger,"pray how do you succeed with the Golden Touch?" |
14752 | What ails thee, my son? |
14752 | What can have befallen you? |
14752 | What could induce me? |
14752 | What does she possess that I have not in greater abundance? 14752 What does this mean?" |
14752 | What ill fortune brings thee into perils so great? 14752 What is the matter, father?" |
14752 | What is there to gratify her heart? 14752 What is your name, my fair minstrel?" |
14752 | What mean you, little bird? |
14752 | What news, good Eumæus? |
14752 | What,said Hecate,"the young man that always sits in the sunshine? |
14752 | Where are your two and twenty comrades? |
14752 | Where is Proserpina? |
14752 | Where is my child? 14752 Where was the sound, and which way did it seem to go?" |
14752 | Whither are you going in such a hurry, wise Ulysses? |
14752 | Whither,he cried,"my fellow countrymen, do you fly? |
14752 | Who are ye? |
14752 | Who knows? |
14752 | Who, O Deïphobus,he exclaimed,"could have inflicted such shameful wounds upon you? |
14752 | Why do you come alone? |
14752 | Why do you worship Latona before me? |
14752 | Why should you be so frightened, my pretty child? |
14752 | Why,she cried,"should I yet live, when thou, my son, my boast, my glory, art dead? |
14752 | Why,submissively answered Juno,"dost thou tease me, who am already oppressed with anguish for the fate of the people I befriend? |
14752 | Will not you stay a moment,asked Phoebus,"and hear me turn the pretty and touching story of Proserpina into extemporary verses?" |
14752 | Will the dog bite me? |
14752 | Will you trust the child entirely to me? |
14752 | Wretch,cried Circe, giving him a smart stroke with her wand,"how dare you keep your human shape a moment longer? |
14752 | A plague on you, swineherd, where are you taking that pitiful wretch? |
14752 | Alas, what had he done? |
14752 | Am I permitted once more to see your face, and to listen to the tones of your dear voice? |
14752 | Am I preserved at the cost of these cruel wounds? |
14752 | And Achilles wondered to see him, and said,"Who art thou that standest against me?" |
14752 | And Anna her sister heard it, and rushing through the midst called her by name:"O my sister, was this thy purpose? |
14752 | And Hector answered, but Patroclus was dead already,"Why dost thou prophesy death to me? |
14752 | And Mercury spake, saying,"Son of Venus, canst thou sleep? |
14752 | And Ulysses made answer,"What think you, if Father Zeus and the goddess Athene stood by our side? |
14752 | And can there be nation so savage that it receiveth not shipwrecked men on its shore, but beareth arms against them, and forbiddeth them to land? |
14752 | And do n''t you see how careful we are to let the surf wave break over us every moment or two, so as to keep ourselves comfortably moist? |
14752 | And hast thou no fear of winter storms that vex the sea? |
14752 | And he caught the reins and said,"What meaneth this sound of trouble and wailing that I hear?" |
14752 | And he cried out aloud to Achilles,"Surely, thou thinkest this very day to sack the proud city of Troy? |
14752 | And he is not ill- looking?" |
14752 | And her sister made answer,"Why wilt thou waste thy youth in sorrow, without child or husband? |
14752 | And his wrath was greatly kindled, and he cried with a dreadful voice,"Shalt thou who art clothed with the spoils of my friends escape me? |
14752 | And if I had perished, what then? |
14752 | And now do ye answer me this, Whence come ye, and whither do ye go?" |
14752 | And now tell me: would you rather go in alone and face the princes while I wait here, or will you stay behind and let me go in first? |
14752 | And now what shall I do? |
14752 | And now, my little auditors, shall I tell you something that will make you open your eyes very wide? |
14752 | And shall I suffer this city to be destroyed? |
14752 | And the Cyclops knew him as he passed, and said,--"How is this, thou who art the leader of the flock? |
14752 | And the spirit spake, saying,"Why art thou vainly troubled? |
14752 | And what can I do with all this treasure? |
14752 | And what could that favor be, unless to multiply his heaps of treasure? |
14752 | And what is the message which you bring?" |
14752 | And what was to be done? |
14752 | And when Æneas and Achates heard these things they were glad, and would have come forth from the cloud, and Achates said,"What thinkest thou? |
14752 | And why arouse me from the sleep that sweetly bound me and kept my eyelids closed? |
14752 | And why need you lie to please me? |
14752 | And your companion there? |
14752 | And, truly, my dear little folks, did you ever hear of such a pitiable case in all your lives? |
14752 | Another beggar, I suppose, to hang about the doors and cringe for the scraps and spoil our feasts? |
14752 | Are birds careful? |
14752 | Are not these gems, which I have ordered to be dug for you, and which are richer than any in my crown,--are they not prettier than a violet?" |
14752 | Are you not terribly hungry? |
14752 | Art thou he that shall rule Italy and its mighty men of war, and spread thy dominion to the ends of the world? |
14752 | As for me, I shall first go to my home, and to my wife and my little son; for who knoweth whether I shall ever return to them again?" |
14752 | But Antinous rebuked him, and spoke to him, and said,--"Leiodes, what words have passed the barrier of your teeth? |
14752 | But Apollo stood by Æneas, and spake to him:"Æneas, where are now thy boastings that thou wouldst meet Achilles face to face?" |
14752 | But Athene taunted Ulysses and spurred him to the fight:"Have you lost your strength and courage, Ulysses? |
14752 | But Eumæus only said,"How could I neglect a stranger, though he were a worse man than you? |
14752 | But Queen Juno spake to Juturna, the sister of Turnus, saying,"Seest thou how these two are now about to fight, face to face? |
14752 | But Telemachus said to her,"Mother, why make me think of trouble now, when I have just escaped from death? |
14752 | But Ulysses ate and drank eagerly, and when his strength had come again he asked Eumæus,"My friend, who is this master of yours you tell me of? |
14752 | But all the while the righteous Æneas, having his head bare, and holding neither spear nor sword, cried to the people,"What seek ye? |
14752 | But are you quite sure that this will satisfy you?" |
14752 | But as for the men of Troy, and their deeds in arms, who knows them not? |
14752 | But come, tell me, where have you left your ship?" |
14752 | But how can I shun the battle, like a coward, to be the mock of the Trojans, and of the Trojan dames with trailing robes? |
14752 | But how should he tell this purpose to the queen? |
14752 | But how thinkest thou to make the war to cease?" |
14752 | But shall I not go to Laertes on my way and tell him too? |
14752 | But tell me who is that huge Achaian warrior? |
14752 | But the suitors all broke into uproar in the hall, and a rude youth would say,"Where are you carrying the curved bow, you miserable swineherd? |
14752 | But what shall this profit you or me if this city being safe, nevertheless our children stand in peril of slavery and shame?" |
14752 | But when Dido saw it she called to Anna her sister and said,"Seest thou how they hasten the work along the shore? |
14752 | But who let it fly no man knoweth; for who, of a truth, would boast that he had wounded Æneas? |
14752 | But why do I hesitate? |
14752 | But why do I thus ponder in my mind? |
14752 | But why should there be war between us? |
14752 | But Æneas came on, shaking his spear that was like unto a tree, and said,"Why delayest thou, O Turnus? |
14752 | But, a little farther on, what should she behold? |
14752 | Can the two of us make head against the throng?" |
14752 | Can you guess who I am? |
14752 | Can you tell me what has become of my dear child Proserpina?" |
14752 | Carest thou not for her whom thou leavest to die? |
14752 | Did he pity my love? |
14752 | Did not Ulysses once shield your father from his enemies and save his life? |
14752 | Did not your majesty stake your crown against my lute, and can the royal word be broken? |
14752 | Did the roots extend down into some enchanted cavern? |
14752 | Did you not say he was lost for Agamemnon''s sake? |
14752 | Do the Achaians press thee hard? |
14752 | Do you dare to make war upon us after having slain our oxen, and to banish the innocent Harpies from the kingdom which is theirs by right? |
14752 | Do you imagine that earthly children are to become immortal without being tempered to it in the fiercest heat of the fire? |
14752 | Do you see that tall gateway before us? |
14752 | Do you see this splendid crown upon my head? |
14752 | Do you think I could pray to Zeus after that without a fear? |
14752 | Do your people hate you, or will your brothers give you no support? |
14752 | Dost thou come to make prayers to Father Zeus, from the Citadel? |
14752 | Dost thou not remember how thou fleddest before me in the day that I took Lyrnessus?" |
14752 | For if the immortal Gods have made him a great warrior, do they therefore grant him leave to speak lawless words? |
14752 | For what doth it profit me that thou shouldst die? |
14752 | For what hope was left? |
14752 | For who should move away the great rock that lay against the door of the cave? |
14752 | For why should I dissemble? |
14752 | For why should I wait for Turnus till it please him to meet me in battle?" |
14752 | Has he as strange a one?" |
14752 | Hast thou forgotten thy father Anchises, and thy wife, and thy little son? |
14752 | Hast thou heard evil news from Phthia? |
14752 | Hast thou no care for me? |
14752 | Hast thou no pity for thy infant child, and for thy hapless wife, who soon will be a widow? |
14752 | Have I not faithfully kept my promise with you? |
14752 | Have I not seen Murranus die, and Ufens the Æquian? |
14752 | Have you burnt your mouth?" |
14752 | Have you fought them for ten years without learning their devices? |
14752 | Have you not everything that your heart desired?" |
14752 | How comes it that this impulse possesses them?" |
14752 | How is it that Homer makes his stories seem so real? |
14752 | How many are they and what manner of men? |
14752 | How many days, think you, would he survive a continuance of this rich fare? |
14752 | How ready would you be to aid Ulysses if he should come from somewhere, thus, on a sudden, and a god should bring him home? |
14752 | How shall I venture again to enter the walls of Laurentum or look upon my camp? |
14752 | How, then, if I go forth to meet him? |
14752 | I, who have always fought in the van of battle, and won glory for my father and myself? |
14752 | If thou thyself forgettest these things, dost thou grudge to thy son the citadels of Rome? |
14752 | In those days, spectacles for common people had not been invented, but were already worn by kings; else, how could Midas have had any? |
14752 | Instead of his ordinary milk diet, did he not eat up two of our comrades for his supper, and a couple more for breakfast, and two at his supper again? |
14752 | Is any one robbing thee of thy sheep, or seeking to slay thee by craft or force?" |
14752 | Is it because I too am a king that you desire so earnestly to speak with me? |
14752 | Is it so hard to face the suitors in your own house and home? |
14752 | Is it to bring victory to the Greeks? |
14752 | Is there nothing which I can get you to eat?" |
14752 | Is this what thy mother promised of thee, twice saving thee from the spear of the Greeks? |
14752 | May I not run down to the shore, and ask some of the sea- nymphs to come up out of the waves and play with me?" |
14752 | Nay, quietly lay it by; and for the axes, what if we leave them standing? |
14752 | Nevertheless she dissembled with her tongue, and spake:"Who would not rather have peace with thee than war? |
14752 | No suitors indeed have pleased thee here or in Tyre, but wilt thou also contend with a love that is after thine own heart? |
14752 | O husband, husband, why did n''t we go without our supper?" |
14752 | Oh, what shall I do? |
14752 | On which side of us does it lie? |
14752 | Or art thou weeping for the Greeks, because they perish for their folly?" |
14752 | Or shall I fly by another way, and hide me in the spurs of Ida? |
14752 | Pray, why do you live in such a bad neighborhood?" |
14752 | Proserpina, did you call her name?" |
14752 | Quicksilver?" |
14752 | Seest thou Priam? |
14752 | Shall I ever be a coward and a weakling, or am I still but young and can not trust my arm to right me with the man who wrongs me first? |
14752 | Shall I never hear them again? |
14752 | Shall Troy be burnt and King Priam be slain, and she take no harm? |
14752 | Shall she see again her home and her children, with Trojan women forsooth to be her handmaidens? |
14752 | Shall this land see Turnus flee before his enemies? |
14752 | Shall we shut ourselves up in the city, where all our goods are wasted already, buying meat for the people? |
14752 | Should we still need other help?" |
14752 | So he made you a present of his cloak too, did he?" |
14752 | So you have made a discovery, since yesterday?" |
14752 | Tell me now, what is the most wicked thing, and what the cleverest, you ever did in your life?" |
14752 | Tell me, for pity''s sake, have you seen my poor child Proserpina pass by the mouth of your cavern?" |
14752 | Tell me, now, do you sincerely desire to rid yourself of this Golden Touch?" |
14752 | Tell me, you naughty sea- nymphs, have you enticed her under the sea?" |
14752 | Terrible was the flash of his eyes as he cried,"Art thou come, child of Zeus, to see the insolence of Agamemnon? |
14752 | The Almighty Father saith to thee,''What meanest thou? |
14752 | The Etrurian, on the other hand, replied,"Spiteful foe, why dost thou threaten and insult before thou strikest? |
14752 | The sickness which great Zeus may send, who can avoid? |
14752 | Then Achilles looked up to heaven and groaned, crying out,"O Zeus, will none of the Gods pity me, and save me from the River? |
14752 | Then Achilles was mad with anger, and he thought in his heart,"Shall I arise and slay this caitiff, or shall I keep down the wrath in my breast?" |
14752 | Then Hector stood over him and cried,--"Didst thou think to spoil our city, Patroclus, and to carry away our wives and daughters in the ships? |
14752 | Then Venus spake thus:"What meaneth all this rage, my son? |
14752 | Then came his mother, hearing his cry, from where she sat in the depths of the sea, and laid her hand on him and said,--"Why weepest thou, my son? |
14752 | Then he cried aloud to Juno, entreating her:"O Juno, why doth thy son torment me only among all? |
14752 | Then said Cincinnatus, being not a little astonished,"Is all well?" |
14752 | Then said he, not without tears,"Is there any land, O Achates, that is not filled with our sorrows? |
14752 | Then she kissed the bed and cried,"Shall I die unavenged? |
14752 | Then she smote upon her breast and tore her hair, and cried,"Shall this stranger mock us thus? |
14752 | Then spake Jupiter to Juno, where she sat in a cloud watching the battle,"How long wilt thou fight against fate? |
14752 | Then the son of Oïleus, Ajax, rebuked him in boorish fashion:"Idomeneus, why chatterest thou before the time? |
14752 | Then they turned in fury on Ulysses:"Madman, are you shooting at men? |
14752 | Then was his wrath kindled, and he spake to himself,"Shall this evil woman return safe to Sparta? |
14752 | Then wise Ulysses answered her and said,"Lady, why urge me so insistently to tell? |
14752 | Thinkest thou that there is care or remembrance of such things in the grave? |
14752 | Thou hast thy Carthage; why dost thou grudge Italy to us? |
14752 | To whom Æneas,"I have not seen nor heard sister of thine, O virgin-- for what shall I call thee? |
14752 | Was he moved at all my tears? |
14752 | Was it to see thy brother die? |
14752 | Was it well that Juturna-- for what could she avail without thy help?--should give back to Turnus his sword? |
14752 | Were the pile and the sword and the fire for this? |
14752 | What are all the splendors you speak of, without affection? |
14752 | What can I do better than set a thief to catch a thief?" |
14752 | What can have been the matter with them?" |
14752 | What do you think has happened? |
14752 | What doest thou here? |
14752 | What evil word is this that has fallen from thy lips? |
14752 | What harm can the lady of the palace and her maidens do to mariners and warriors like us?" |
14752 | What have I done to merit such a punishment? |
14752 | What have I to do with the strife and sorrow of men?" |
14752 | What purpose hast thou now in thy heart? |
14752 | What shall I do? |
14752 | What though I stand on the farther shore, Others have crossed the stream before-- Why weep in vain? |
14752 | Where is Glaucus? |
14752 | Whether shall we fly into the sea, or force our way toward the Trojans?" |
14752 | Which of these two things do you think is really worth the most,--the gift of the Golden Touch, or one cup of clear cold water?" |
14752 | Who could remember to be careful when he was to fly for the first time? |
14752 | Who set my bed elsewhere? |
14752 | Who then could bend a bow? |
14752 | Why camest thou down from heaven? |
14752 | Why did I not tear him to pieces, and slay his companions with the sword, and serve up the young Ascanius at his meal? |
14752 | Why did not I think of him before? |
14752 | Why do you fly from me? |
14752 | Why drawest thou back? |
14752 | Why lookest thou not to Italy? |
14752 | Why mock me when my heart is full of sorrow, telling wild tales like these? |
14752 | Why should I be blamed more than others that help the men of Troy? |
14752 | Why tarriest thou here? |
14752 | Why will you not speak to me? |
14752 | Why wouldst thou not suffer that I should die with thee? |
14752 | Why, then, count this a shame? |
14752 | Will not you like to ride a little way with me, in my beautiful chariot?" |
14752 | Will you go with me, Phoebus, to demand my daughter of this wicked Pluto?" |
14752 | Wilt thou not then be content? |
14752 | Would he be less so by dinner- time? |
14752 | Would you support the suitors or Ulysses? |
14752 | Wouldst thou indeed save a mortal long ago doomed by Fate? |
14752 | Yet you waste his substance and would murder his son?" |
14752 | Yet, what other loaf could it possibly be? |
14752 | You have been gathering flowers? |
14752 | [ Illustration:"DEAR SON, HAVE YOU COME HOME AT LAST? |
14752 | can ye see the horses as I do? |
14752 | cried little Marygold, who was a very affectionate child,"pray what is the matter? |
14752 | cried these kind- hearted old people,"what has become of our poor neighbors?" |
14752 | do you smell the feast? |
14752 | hath Zeus, the son of Cronos, laid on any other goddess in Olympus such grievous woes as on_ me_, unhappy that I am? |
14752 | he cried,"how can I testify my reverence for thy filial piety and thy undaunted valor? |
14752 | he exclaimed with tears,"was it then a true rumor that reached me of your having died after my departure, and by your own hand? |
14752 | nor taste those nice little savory dishes which my dearest wife knew how to serve up?" |
14752 | or why are ye thus come at the bidding of your master, King Porsenna, to rob others of the freedom that ye care not to have for yourselves?" |
14752 | seest thou not what perils surround thee, nor hearest how the favorable west wind calls? |
14752 | thou who wert once accounted wise-- what is this that thou hast done? |
14752 | what madness is this? |
14752 | what power drave thee to these savage shores? |
14752 | what words are these which have passed the barrier of thy teeth? |
14752 | whither am I borne? |
14752 | why comest thou to our house, thou, an infrequent guest?" |
14752 | why dost thou, being a mortal man, pursue_ me_ with thy swift feet, who am a deathless god?" |
14752 | why hast thou left the field? |
14752 | wouldst thou again deceive me? |
1598 | ''And are you an ox because you have an ox present with you?'' |
1598 | ''And dictation is a dictation of letters?'' |
1598 | ''And do they learn,''said Euthydemus,''what they know or what they do not know?'' |
1598 | ''And he is not wise yet?'' |
1598 | ''And what did you think of them?'' |
1598 | ''And you acquire that which you have not got already?'' |
1598 | ''And you know letters?'' |
1598 | ''And you see our garments?'' |
1598 | ''But are there any beautiful things? |
1598 | ''But,''retorts Dionysodorus,''is not learning acquiring knowledge?'' |
1598 | ''Cleinias,''says Euthydemus,''who learn, the wise or the unwise?'' |
1598 | ''Crito,''said he to me,''are you giving no attention to these wise men?'' |
1598 | ''Do they know shoemaking, etc?'' |
1598 | ''Do you see,''retorts Euthydemus,''what has the quality of vision or what has not the quality of vision?'' |
1598 | ''Is a speaking of the silent possible? |
1598 | ''What did I think of them?'' |
1598 | ''What does the word"non- plussed"mean?'' |
1598 | ''What was that?'' |
1598 | ''You want Cleinias to be wise?'' |
1598 | A noble man or a mean man? |
1598 | A weak man or a strong man? |
1598 | All letters? |
1598 | Am I not right? |
1598 | Am I not right? |
1598 | Amid the dangers of the sea, again, are any more fortunate on the whole than wise pilots? |
1598 | And a coward would do less than a courageous and temperate man? |
1598 | And a slow man less than a quick; and one who had dull perceptions of seeing and hearing less than one who had keen ones? |
1598 | And an indolent man less than an active man? |
1598 | And are not good things good, and evil things evil? |
1598 | And are not health and beauty goods, and other personal gifts? |
1598 | And are not the scribes most fortunate in writing and reading letters? |
1598 | And are not these gods animals? |
1598 | And are those who acquire those who have or have not a thing? |
1598 | And are you an ox because an ox is present with you, or are you Dionysodorus, because Dionysodorus is present with you? |
1598 | And being other than a stone, you are not a stone; and being other than gold, you are not gold? |
1598 | And can any one do anything about that which has no existence, or do to Cleinias that which is not and is nowhere? |
1598 | And can he vault among swords, and turn upon a wheel, at his age? |
1598 | And clearly we do not want the art of the flute- maker; this is only another of the same sort? |
1598 | And did you always know this? |
1598 | And did you not say that you knew something? |
1598 | And do all other men know all things or nothing? |
1598 | And do the Scythians and others see that which has the quality of vision, or that which has not? |
1598 | And do they speak great things of the great, rejoined Euthydemus, and warm things of the warm? |
1598 | And do you know of any word which is alive? |
1598 | And do you know stitching? |
1598 | And do you know things such as the numbers of the stars and of the sand? |
1598 | And do you know with what you know, or with something else? |
1598 | And do you please? |
1598 | And do you really and truly know all things, including carpentering and leather- cutting? |
1598 | And do you suppose that gold is not gold, or that a man is not a man? |
1598 | And doing is making? |
1598 | And gudgeons and puppies and pigs are your brothers? |
1598 | And have not other Athenians, he said, an ancestral Zeus? |
1598 | And have you no need, Euthydemus? |
1598 | And have you not admitted that those who do not know are of the number of those who have not? |
1598 | And have you not admitted that you always know all things with that which you know, whether you make the addition of''when you know them''or not? |
1598 | And he has puppies? |
1598 | And he is not wise as yet? |
1598 | And he who says that thing says that which is? |
1598 | And he who tells, tells that thing which he tells, and no other? |
1598 | And if a man does his business he does rightly? |
1598 | And if a person had wealth and all the goods of which we were just now speaking, and did not use them, would he be happy because he possessed them? |
1598 | And if there are such, are they the same or not the same as absolute beauty?'' |
1598 | And if we knew how to convert stones into gold, the knowledge would be of no value to us, unless we also knew how to use the gold? |
1598 | And if you were engaged in war, in whose company would you rather take the risk-- in company with a wise general, or with a foolish one? |
1598 | And if you were ill, whom would you rather have as a companion in a dangerous illness-- a wise physician, or an ignorant one? |
1598 | And in telling a lie, do you tell the thing of which you speak or not? |
1598 | And is Patrocles, he said, your brother? |
1598 | And is he not yours? |
1598 | And is that fair? |
1598 | And is that something, he rejoined, always the same, or sometimes one thing, and sometimes another thing? |
1598 | And is this true? |
1598 | And knowing is having knowledge at the time? |
1598 | And may a person use them either rightly or wrongly? |
1598 | And may there not be a silence of the speaker? |
1598 | And not knowing is not having knowledge at the time? |
1598 | And now answer: Do you always know with this? |
1598 | And now, O son of Axiochus, let me put a question to you: Do not all men desire happiness? |
1598 | And philosophy is the acquisition of knowledge? |
1598 | And please to tell me whether you intend to exhibit your wisdom; or what will you do? |
1598 | And seeing that in war to have arms is a good thing, he ought to have as many spears and shields as possible? |
1598 | And should we be any the better if we went about having a knowledge of the places where most gold was hidden in the earth? |
1598 | And should we be happy by reason of the presence of good things, if they profited us not, or if they profited us? |
1598 | And so Chaeredemus, he said, being other than a father, is not a father? |
1598 | And speaking is doing and making? |
1598 | And surely, in the manufacture of vessels, knowledge is that which gives the right way of making them? |
1598 | And tell me, I said, O tell me, what do possessions profit a man, if he have neither good sense nor wisdom? |
1598 | And that is a distinct thing apart from other things? |
1598 | And that is impossible? |
1598 | And that which is not is nowhere? |
1598 | And the business of the cook is to cut up and skin; you have admitted that? |
1598 | And the dog is the father of them? |
1598 | And they are the teachers of those who learn-- the grammar- master and the lyre- master used to teach you and other boys; and you were the learners? |
1598 | And to have money everywhere and always is a good? |
1598 | And was Sophroniscus a father, and Chaeredemus also? |
1598 | And were you not just now saying that you could teach virtue best of all men, to any one who was willing to learn? |
1598 | And were you wise then? |
1598 | And what does that signify? |
1598 | And what is your notion? |
1598 | And what knowledge ought we to acquire? |
1598 | And what other goods are there? |
1598 | And what things do we esteem good? |
1598 | And when you were learners you did not as yet know the things which you were learning? |
1598 | And who has to kill and skin and mince and boil and roast? |
1598 | And who would do least-- a poor man or a rich man? |
1598 | And whose the making of pots? |
1598 | And why should you say so? |
1598 | And would not you, Crito, say the same? |
1598 | And would they profit us, if we only had them and did not use them? |
1598 | And would you arm Geryon and Briareus in that way? |
1598 | And would you be able, Socrates, to recognize this wisdom when it has become your own? |
1598 | And would you be happy if you had three talents of gold in your belly, a talent in your pate, and a stater in either eye?'' |
1598 | And yet, perhaps, I was right after all in saying that words have a sense;--what do you say, wise man? |
1598 | And you admit gold to be a good? |
1598 | And you admitted that of animals those are yours which you could give away or sell or offer in sacrifice, as you pleased? |
1598 | And you also see that which has the quality of vision? |
1598 | And you say that gentlemen speak of things as they are? |
1598 | And your mother, too, is the mother of all? |
1598 | And your papa is a dog? |
1598 | Are the things which have sense alive or lifeless? |
1598 | Are you not ashamed, Socrates, of asking a question when you are asked one? |
1598 | Are you not other than a stone? |
1598 | Are you prepared to make that good? |
1598 | Are you saying this as a paradox, Dionysodorus; or do you seriously maintain no man to be ignorant? |
1598 | At any rate they are yours, he said, did you not admit that? |
1598 | Bravo Heracles, or is Heracles a Bravo? |
1598 | But are you quite sure about this, Dionysodorus and Euthydemus? |
1598 | But can a father be other than a father? |
1598 | But can we contradict one another, said Dionysodorus, when both of us are describing the same thing? |
1598 | But can wisdom be taught? |
1598 | But did you carry the search any further, and did you find the art which you were seeking? |
1598 | But how can I refute you, if, as you say, to tell a falsehood is impossible? |
1598 | But how, he said, by reason of one thing being present with another, will one thing be another? |
1598 | But if he can not speak falsely, may he not think falsely? |
1598 | But if you were not wise you were unlearned? |
1598 | But suppose, I said, that we were to learn the art of making speeches-- would that be the art which would make us happy? |
1598 | But what need is there of good fortune when we have wisdom already:--in every art and business are not the wise also the fortunate? |
1598 | But when I describe something and you describe another thing, or I say something and you say nothing-- is there any contradiction? |
1598 | But when the teacher dictates to you, does he not dictate letters? |
1598 | But when you speak of stones, wood, iron bars, do you not speak of the silent? |
1598 | But why should I repeat the whole story? |
1598 | CRITO: And did Euthydemus show you this knowledge? |
1598 | CRITO: And do you mean, Socrates, that the youngster said all this? |
1598 | CRITO: And were you not right, Socrates? |
1598 | CRITO: But, Socrates, are you not too old? |
1598 | CRITO: How did that happen, Socrates? |
1598 | CRITO: Well, and what came of that? |
1598 | CRITO: What do you say of them, Socrates? |
1598 | CRITO: Who was the person, Socrates, with whom you were talking yesterday at the Lyceum? |
1598 | CRITO: Why not, Socrates? |
1598 | Can there be any doubt that good birth, and power, and honours in one''s own land, are goods? |
1598 | Certainly; did you think we should say No to that? |
1598 | Ctesippus, here taking up the argument, said: And is not your father in the same case, for he is other than my father? |
1598 | Did we not agree that philosophy should be studied? |
1598 | Do those, said he, who learn, learn what they know, or what they do not know? |
1598 | Do you agree with me? |
1598 | Do you agree? |
1598 | Do you know something, Socrates, or nothing? |
1598 | Do you not know letters? |
1598 | Do you not remember? |
1598 | Do you suppose the same person to be a father and not a father? |
1598 | Do you, Dionysodorus, maintain that there is not? |
1598 | Does it not supply us with the fruits of the earth? |
1598 | Does not your omniscient brother appear to you to have made a mistake? |
1598 | Euthydemus answered: And that which is not is not? |
1598 | Euthydemus proceeded: There are some whom you would call teachers, are there not? |
1598 | Euthydemus replied: And do you think, Ctesippus, that it is possible to tell a lie? |
1598 | For example, if we had a great deal of food and did not eat, or a great deal of drink and did not drink, should we be profited? |
1598 | For example, would a carpenter be any the better for having all his tools and plenty of wood, if he never worked? |
1598 | For tell me now, is not learning acquiring knowledge of that which one learns? |
1598 | For then neither of us says a word about the thing at all? |
1598 | Here Ctesippus was silent; and I in my astonishment said: What do you mean, Dionysodorus? |
1598 | How can he who speaks contradict him who speaks not? |
1598 | I can not say that I like the connection; but is he only my father, Euthydemus, or is he the father of all other men? |
1598 | I did, I said; what is going to happen to me? |
1598 | I said, and where did you learn that? |
1598 | I should have far more reason to beat yours, said Ctesippus; what could he have been thinking of when he begat such wise sons? |
1598 | I turned to the other, and said, What do you think, Euthydemus? |
1598 | Is not that your position? |
1598 | Is not the honourable honourable and the base base? |
1598 | Is not this the result-- that other things are indifferent, and that wisdom is the only good, and ignorance the only evil? |
1598 | Is that your difficulty? |
1598 | Is there no such thing as error, ignorance, falsehood? |
1598 | Let me ask you one little question more, said Dionysodorus, quickly interposing, in order that Ctesippus might not get in his word: You beat this dog? |
1598 | Look at the matter thus: If he did fewer things would he not make fewer mistakes? |
1598 | May we not answer with absolute truth-- A knowledge which will do us good? |
1598 | Nay, said Ctesippus, but the question which I ask is whether all things are silent or speak? |
1598 | Nay, take nothing away; I desire no favours of you; but let me ask: Would you be able to know all things, if you did not know all things? |
1598 | Neither did I tell you just now to refute me, said Dionysodorus; for how can I tell you to do that which is not? |
1598 | Now Euthydemus, if I remember rightly, began nearly as follows: O Cleinias, are those who learn the wise or the ignorant? |
1598 | Now in the working and use of wood, is not that which gives the right use simply the knowledge of the carpenter? |
1598 | Of their existence or of their non- existence? |
1598 | Of what country are they, and what is their line of wisdom? |
1598 | Or a speaking of the silent? |
1598 | Or when neither of us is speaking of the same thing? |
1598 | Or would an artisan, who had all the implements necessary for his work, and did not use them, be any the better for the possession of them? |
1598 | Perhaps you may not be ready with an answer? |
1598 | Poseidon, I said, this is the crown of wisdom; can I ever hope to have such wisdom of my own? |
1598 | Quite true, I said; and that I have always known; but the question is, where did I learn that the good are unjust? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And does the kingly art make men wise and good? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And in what will they be good and useful? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And surely it ought to do us some good? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And what does the kingly art do when invested with supreme power? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And what of your own art of husbandry, supposing that to have supreme authority over the subject arts-- what does that do? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And what would you say that the kingly art does? |
1598 | SOCRATES: And will you on this account shun all these pursuits yourself and refuse to allow them to your son? |
1598 | SOCRATES: Are you incredulous, Crito? |
1598 | SOCRATES: But then what is this knowledge, and what are we to do with it? |
1598 | SOCRATES: O Crito, they are marvellous men; but what was I going to say? |
1598 | SOCRATES: There were two, Crito; which of them do you mean? |
1598 | SOCRATES: Well, and do you not see that in each of these arts the many are ridiculous performers? |
1598 | SOCRATES: What, all men, and in every respect? |
1598 | Shall we not be happy if we have many good things? |
1598 | Shall we say, Crito, that it is the knowledge by which we are to make other men good? |
1598 | Tell me, he said, Socrates and the rest of you who say that you want this young man to become wise, are you in jest or in real earnest? |
1598 | Tell me, then, you two, do you not know some things, and not know others? |
1598 | That makes no difference;--and must you not, if you are knowing, know all things? |
1598 | That will do, he said: And would you admit that anything is what it is, and at the same time is not what it is? |
1598 | Then Dionysodorus takes up the ball:''Who are they who learn dictation of the grammar- master; the wise or the foolish boys?'' |
1598 | Then are they not animals? |
1598 | Then do you see our garments? |
1598 | Then he is the same? |
1598 | Then if you know all letters, he dictates that which you know? |
1598 | Then in every possession and every use of a thing, knowledge is that which gives a man not only good- fortune but success? |
1598 | Then tell me, he said, do you know anything? |
1598 | Then the good speak evil of evil things, if they speak of them as they are? |
1598 | Then there is no such thing as false opinion? |
1598 | Then there is no such thing as ignorance, or men who are ignorant; for is not ignorance, if there be such a thing, a mistake of fact? |
1598 | Then those who learn are of the class of those who acquire, and not of those who have? |
1598 | Then we must surely be speaking the same thing? |
1598 | Then what are they professing to teach?'' |
1598 | Then what is the inference? |
1598 | Then why did you ask me what sense my words had? |
1598 | Then, I said, a man who would be happy must not only have the good things, but he must also use them; there is no advantage in merely having them? |
1598 | Then, I said, you know all things, if you know anything? |
1598 | Then, after a pause, in which he seemed to be lost in the contemplation of something great, he said: Tell me, Socrates, have you an ancestral Zeus? |
1598 | Then, my dear boy, I said, the knowledge which we want is one that uses as well as makes? |
1598 | Then, my good friend, do they all speak? |
1598 | Then, said he, you learn what you know, if you know all the letters? |
1598 | Then, said the other, you do not learn that which he dictates; but he only who does not know letters learns? |
1598 | Upon what principle? |
1598 | Very true, said Ctesippus; and do you think, Euthydemus, that he ought to have one shield only, and one spear? |
1598 | Very well, I said; and where in the company shall we find a place for wisdom-- among the goods or not? |
1598 | Well, Cleinias, but if you have the use as well as the possession of good things, is that sufficient to confer happiness? |
1598 | Well, I said; but then what am I to do? |
1598 | Well, but do rhetoricians, when they speak in the assembly, do nothing? |
1598 | Well, but, Euthydemus, I said, has that never happened to you? |
1598 | Well, have not all things words expressive of them? |
1598 | Well, said he, and so you say that you wish Cleinias to become wise? |
1598 | Were they other than the beautiful, or the same as the beautiful? |
1598 | What am I to do with them? |
1598 | What can make you tell such a lie about me and the others, which I hardly like to repeat, as that I wish Cleinias to perish? |
1598 | What can they see? |
1598 | What do I know? |
1598 | What do you mean, Dionysodorus? |
1598 | What do you mean, I said; do you know nothing? |
1598 | What do you mean? |
1598 | What followed, Crito, how can I rightly narrate? |
1598 | What is that? |
1598 | What is that? |
1598 | What knowledge is there which has such a nature? |
1598 | What marvellous dexterity of wit, I said, enabled you to acquire this great perfection in such a short time? |
1598 | What of that? |
1598 | What proof shall I give you? |
1598 | What then do you say? |
1598 | What then is the result of what has been said? |
1598 | What, I said, are you blessed with such a power as this? |
1598 | What, before you, Dionysodorus? |
1598 | What, he said, do you think that you know what is your own? |
1598 | What, of men only, said Ctesippus, or of horses and of all other animals? |
1598 | What, replied Dionysodorus in a moment; am I the brother of Euthydemus? |
1598 | What, said Ctesippus; then all things are not silent? |
1598 | What, said he, is the business of a good workman? |
1598 | When you and I describe the same thing, or you describe one thing and I describe another, how can there be a contradiction?'' |
1598 | When you are silent, said Euthydemus, is there not a silence of all things? |
1598 | When you were children, and at your birth? |
1598 | Whither then shall we go, I said, and to what art shall we have recourse? |
1598 | Why do you laugh, Cleinias, I said, at such solemn and beautiful things? |
1598 | Why do you say so? |
1598 | Why not? |
1598 | Why, Ctesippus, said Dionysodorus, do you mean to say that any one speaks of things as they are? |
1598 | Why, Socrates, said Dionysodorus, did you ever see a beautiful thing? |
1598 | Will you let me see you explaining to the young man how he is to apply himself to the study of virtue and wisdom? |
1598 | Will you not cease adding to your answers? |
1598 | Will you not take our word that we know all things? |
1598 | Will you tell me how many teeth Euthydemus has? |
1598 | With what I know; and I suppose that you mean with my soul? |
1598 | Would a man be better off, having and doing many things without wisdom, or a few things with wisdom? |
1598 | Yes, he said, and you would mean by animals living beings? |
1598 | Yes; and your mother has a progeny of sea- urchins then? |
1598 | You admit that? |
1598 | You agree then, that those animals only are yours with which you have the power to do all these things which I was just naming? |
1598 | You remember, I said, our making the admission that we should be happy and fortunate if many good things were present with us? |
1598 | You then, learning what you did not know, were unlearned when you were learning? |
1598 | You think, I said, that to act with a wise man is more fortunate than to act with an ignorant one? |
1598 | You wish him to be what he is not, and no longer to be what he is? |
1598 | You wish him, he said, to become wise and not, to be ignorant? |
1598 | and if he had fewer misfortunes would he not be less miserable? |
1598 | and teach them all the arts,--carpentering, and cobbling, and the rest of them? |
1598 | and was not that our conclusion? |
1598 | and will you explain how I possess that knowledge for which we were seeking? |
1598 | for you admit that all things which have life are animals; and have not these gods life? |
1598 | has he got to such a height of skill as that? |
1598 | if he made fewer mistakes would he not have fewer misfortunes? |
1598 | or are you the same as a stone? |
1598 | tell me, in the first place, whose business is hammering? |
1738 | ''And is this cycle, of which you are speaking, the reign of Cronos, or our present state of existence?'' |
1738 | ''But what, Stranger, is the deficiency of which you speak?'' |
1738 | ''Then why have we laws at all?'' |
1738 | ''You mean about the golden lamb?'' |
1738 | ( 4) But are we not exceeding all due limits; and is there not a measure of all arts and sciences, to which the art of discourse must conform? |
1738 | And do we wonder, when the foundation of politics is in the letter only, at the miseries of states? |
1738 | And here I will interpose a question: What are the true forms of government? |
1738 | And if the legislator, or another like him, comes back from a far country, is he to be prohibited from altering his own laws? |
1738 | And no doubt you have heard of the empire of Cronos, and of the earthborn men? |
1738 | Are they not always inciting their country to go to war, owing to their excessive love of the military life? |
1738 | Are they not divided by an interval which no geometrical ratio can express? |
1738 | Are they not three-- monarchy, oligarchy, and democracy? |
1738 | But are any of these governments worthy of the name? |
1738 | But how would you subdivide the herdsman''s art? |
1738 | But is a physician only to cure his patients by persuasion, and not by force? |
1738 | But supposing that he does use some gentle violence for their good, what is this violence to be called? |
1738 | But what shall be done with Theaetetus? |
1738 | But what would be the consequence? |
1738 | But why did we go through this circuitous process, instead of saying at once that weaving is the art of entwining the warp and the woof? |
1738 | Can the many attain to science? |
1738 | Can you remember? |
1738 | Can you, and will you, determine which of them you deem the happier? |
1738 | Do you see why this is? |
1738 | How can we get the greatest intelligence combined with the greatest power? |
1738 | I think, however, that we may fairly assume something of this sort-- YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | Is he a worse physician who uses a little gentle violence in effecting the cure? |
1738 | Is not that true? |
1738 | Is not the definition, although true, wanting in clearness and completeness; for do not all those other arts require to be first cleared away? |
1738 | Is not this the true principle of government, according to which the wise and good man will order the affairs of his subjects? |
1738 | Let us next ask, which of these untrue forms of government is the least bad, and which of them is the worst? |
1738 | May not any man, rich or poor, with or without law, and whether the citizens like or not, do what is for their good? |
1738 | May not any man, rich or poor, with or without laws, with the will of the citizens or against the will of the citizens, do what is for their interest? |
1738 | Might not an idiot, so to speak, know that he is a pedestrian? |
1738 | O my dear Theodorus, do my ears truly witness that this is the estimate formed of them by the great calculator and geometrician? |
1738 | Or ought this science to be the overseer and governor of all the others? |
1738 | Or rather, shall I tell you that the happiness of these children of Cronos must have depended on how they used their time? |
1738 | Or rather, shall we not first ask, whether the king, statesman, master, householder, practise one art or many? |
1738 | Or shall we assign to him the art of command-- for he is a ruler? |
1738 | Or shall we say, that the violence is just, if exercised by a rich man, and unjust, if by a poor man? |
1738 | Ought we not rather to admire the strength of the political bond? |
1738 | Ought we not rather to wonder at the natural strength of the political bond? |
1738 | SOCRATES: Does the great geometrician apply the same measure to all three? |
1738 | STRANGER: Again, a large household may be compared to a small state:--will they differ at all, as far as government is concerned? |
1738 | STRANGER: And a science of a peculiar kind, which was selected out of the rest as having a character which is at once judicial and authoritative? |
1738 | STRANGER: And are''statesman,''''king,''''master,''or''householder,''one and the same; or is there a science or art answering to each of these names? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do not these three expand in a manner into five, producing out of themselves two other names? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do we acknowledge this science to be different from the others? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do we not often praise the quiet strain of action also? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do we not then say the opposite of what we said of the other? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do you agree to his proposal? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do you remember the terms in which they are praised? |
1738 | STRANGER: And do you think, Socrates, that we really have done as you say? |
1738 | STRANGER: And is not the herald under command, and does he not receive orders, and in his turn give them to others? |
1738 | STRANGER: And is our enquiry about the Statesman intended only to improve our knowledge of politics, or our power of reasoning generally? |
1738 | STRANGER: And is the art which is able and knows how to advise when we are to go to war, or to make peace, the same as this or different? |
1738 | STRANGER: And is there any higher art or science, having power to decide which of these arts are and are not to be learned;--what do you say? |
1738 | STRANGER: And may therefore be justly said to share in theoretical science? |
1738 | STRANGER: And now we shall only be proceeding in due order if we go on to divide the sphere of knowledge? |
1738 | STRANGER: And now, in which of these divisions shall we place the king?--Is he a judge and a kind of spectator? |
1738 | STRANGER: And of which has the Statesman charge,--of the mixed or of the unmixed race? |
1738 | STRANGER: And ought the other sciences to be superior to this, or no single science to any other? |
1738 | STRANGER: And shall we say that the violence, if exercised by a rich man, is just, and if by a poor man, unjust? |
1738 | STRANGER: And the householder and master are the same? |
1738 | STRANGER: And the science which determines whether we ought to persuade or not, must be superior to the science which is able to persuade? |
1738 | STRANGER: And this the argument defined to be the art of rearing, not horses or other brutes, but the art of rearing man collectively? |
1738 | STRANGER: And we must also suppose that this rules the other, if we are not to give up our former notion? |
1738 | STRANGER: And what are the rules which are enforced on their pupils by professional trainers or by others having similar authority? |
1738 | STRANGER: And when men have anything to do in common, that they should be of one mind is surely a desirable thing? |
1738 | STRANGER: And where shall we look for the political animal? |
1738 | STRANGER: And would you not expect the slowest to arrive last? |
1738 | STRANGER: And you would think temperance to be different from courage; and likewise to be a part of virtue? |
1738 | STRANGER: And, after monarchy, next in order comes the government of the few? |
1738 | STRANGER: And, considering how great and terrible the whole art of war is, can we imagine any which is superior to it but the truly royal? |
1738 | STRANGER: Any one can divide the herds which feed on dry land? |
1738 | STRANGER: Are not examples formed in this manner? |
1738 | STRANGER: But if this is as you say, can our argument about the king be true and unimpeachable? |
1738 | STRANGER: But surely the science of a true king is royal science? |
1738 | STRANGER: But the first process is a separation of the clotted and matted fibres? |
1738 | STRANGER: But what would you say of some other serviceable officials? |
1738 | STRANGER: But what would you think of another sort of power or science? |
1738 | STRANGER: But why did we not say at once that weaving is the art of entwining warp and woof, instead of making a long and useless circuit? |
1738 | STRANGER: But yet the division will not be the same? |
1738 | STRANGER: But, perhaps, in a city of a thousand men, there would be a hundred, or say fifty, who could? |
1738 | STRANGER: Could any one, my friend, who began with false opinion ever expect to arrive even at a small portion of truth and to attain wisdom? |
1738 | STRANGER: Did you ever hear that the men of former times were earth- born, and not begotten of one another? |
1738 | STRANGER: Do you know a plausible saying of the common people which is in point? |
1738 | STRANGER: Do you think that the multitude in a State can attain political science? |
1738 | STRANGER: He contributes knowledge, not manual labour? |
1738 | STRANGER: How does man walk, but as a diameter whose power is two feet? |
1738 | STRANGER: I want to ask, whether any one of the other herdsmen has a rival who professes and claims to share with him in the management of the herd? |
1738 | STRANGER: If I am not mistaken, we said that royal power was a science? |
1738 | STRANGER: If any one who is in a private station has the skill to advise one of the public physicians, must not he also be called a physician? |
1738 | STRANGER: Is not monarchy a recognized form of government? |
1738 | STRANGER: Is not the third form of government the rule of the multitude, which is called by the name of democracy? |
1738 | STRANGER: Let me put the matter in another way: I suppose that you would consider courage to be a part of virtue? |
1738 | STRANGER: May not all rulers be supposed to command for the sake of producing something? |
1738 | STRANGER: May we not very properly say, that of all knowledge, there are two divisions-- one which rules, and the other which judges? |
1738 | STRANGER: Must we not admit, then, that where these two classes exist, they always feel the greatest antipathy and antagonism towards one another? |
1738 | STRANGER: Shall we abide by what we said at first, or shall we retract our words? |
1738 | STRANGER: Shall we break up this hornless herd into sections, and endeavour to assign to him what is his? |
1738 | STRANGER: Shall we call this art of tending many animals together, the art of managing a herd, or the art of collective management? |
1738 | STRANGER: Shall we distinguish them by their having or not having cloven feet, or by their mixing or not mixing the breed? |
1738 | STRANGER: Shall we relieve him, and take his companion, the Young Socrates, instead of him? |
1738 | STRANGER: Such as this: You may remember that we made an art of calculation? |
1738 | STRANGER: The art of the general is only ministerial, and therefore not political? |
1738 | STRANGER: The points on which I think that we ought to dwell are the following:-- YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | STRANGER: The science which has to do with military operations against our enemies-- is that to be regarded as a science or not? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then here, Socrates, is still clearer evidence of the truth of what was said in the enquiry about the Sophist? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then if the law is not the perfection of right, why are we compelled to make laws at all? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then shall I determine for you as well as I can? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then the next thing will be to separate them, in order that the argument may proceed in a regular manner? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then the sciences must be divided as before? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then while we are at unity among ourselves, we need not mind about the fancies of others? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then, now that we have discovered the various classes in a State, shall I analyse politics after the pattern which weaving supplied? |
1738 | STRANGER: Then, shall we say that the king has a greater affinity to knowledge than to manual arts and to practical life in general? |
1738 | STRANGER: There is such a thing as learning music or handicraft arts in general? |
1738 | STRANGER: There were many arts of shepherding, and one of them was the political, which had the charge of one particular herd? |
1738 | STRANGER: Together? |
1738 | STRANGER: Very good; and to what science do we assign the power of persuading a multitude by a pleasing tale and not by teaching? |
1738 | STRANGER: Weaving is a sort of uniting? |
1738 | STRANGER: Well, and are not arithmetic and certain other kindred arts, merely abstract knowledge, wholly separated from action? |
1738 | STRANGER: What model is there which is small, and yet has any analogy with the political occupation? |
1738 | STRANGER: Where shall we discover the path of the Statesman? |
1738 | STRANGER: Which was, unmistakeably, one of the arts of knowledge? |
1738 | STRANGER: Which, if I am not mistaken, will be politics? |
1738 | STRANGER: Why, does not the retailer receive and sell over again the productions of others, which have been sold before? |
1738 | STRANGER: Why, is not''care''of herds applicable to all? |
1738 | STRANGER: Will not the best and easiest way of bringing them to a knowledge of what they do not as yet know be-- YOUNG SOCRATES: Be what? |
1738 | STRANGER: Yes, and of the woof too; how, if not by twisting, is the woof made? |
1738 | STRANGER: Yes, quite right; for how can he sit at every man''s side all through his life, prescribing for him the exact particulars of his duty? |
1738 | STRANGER: You know that the master- builder does not work himself, but is the ruler of workmen? |
1738 | Shall I explain the nature of what I call the second best? |
1738 | Shall we do as I say? |
1738 | THEODORUS: In what respect? |
1738 | THEODORUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1738 | Tell me, then-- YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | Tell me, which is the happier of the two? |
1738 | The excessive length of a discourse may be blamed; but who can say what is excess, unless he is furnished with a measure or standard? |
1738 | The question is often asked, What are the limits of legislation in relation to morals? |
1738 | Under which of the two shall we place the Statesman? |
1738 | Viewed in the light of science and true art, would not all such enactments be utterly ridiculous? |
1738 | Viewed in the light of science, would not the continuance of such regulations be ridiculous? |
1738 | Were we right in selecting him out of ten thousand other claimants to be the shepherd and rearer of the human flock? |
1738 | What do you advise? |
1738 | Who, Socrates, would be equal to such a task? |
1738 | Will you proceed? |
1738 | Would you ever dream of calling it a violation of the art, or a breach of the laws of health? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: And are they not right? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: And what is that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: And which are the kindred arts? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Are they not right in saying so? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: At what point? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: At what point? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Can not we have both ways? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Certainly not; but how shall we divide the two remaining species? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Do I understand you, in speaking of twisting, to be referring to manufacture of the warp? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Explain; what are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How and why is that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How can generalship and military tactics be regarded as other than a science? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How can they be made? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How can we be safe? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How could we? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How is that the cause? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How is that, and what bonds do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How is that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How is this? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How must I speak of them, then? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How shall I define them? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How so? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How so? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How so? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How then? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How was that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How would you divide them? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How would you divide them? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How would you make the division? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: How? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: In what direction? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: In what respect? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: In what way? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: On what principle of division? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: On what principle? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Quite right; but how shall we take the next step in the division? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Then how, Stranger, were the animals created in those days; and in what way were they begotten of one another? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: To what do you refer? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: To what do you refer? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: To what do you refer? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: To what do you refer? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: To what do you refer? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: True; and what is the next step? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Upon what principle? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Very true; but what is the imperfection which still remains? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: We had better not take the whole? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What class do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What did I hear, then? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean, Stranger? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What images? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is the error? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is this new question? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is this? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is to be done in this case? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What is your meaning? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What misfortune? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What question? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What road? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What science? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What sort of an image? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What was it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What was it? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What was the error of which, as you say, we were guilty in our recent division? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What was this great error of which you speak? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: What? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Where would you make the division? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Which of the two halves do you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Who are they, and what services do they perform? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Who are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Who are they? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Who is he? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Whom can you mean? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why is that? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why not? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why not? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why so? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why strange? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Why? |
1738 | YOUNG SOCRATES: Yes; what else should it be? |
1738 | Yet perhaps the question what will or will not be is a foolish one, for who can tell?'' |
1738 | You have heard what happened in the quarrel of Atreus and Thyestes? |
1738 | You have heard, no doubt, and remember what they say happened at that time? |
1738 | Young Socrates, do you hear what the elder Socrates is proposing? |
1738 | they raise up enemies against themselves many and mighty, and either utterly ruin their native- land or enslave and subject it to its foes? |
1658 | ''Why, is he not a philosopher?'' |
1658 | ):''Why Socrates, who was not a poet, while in prison had been putting Aesop into verse?'' |
1658 | ); or the mysterious reference to another science( mathematics?) |
1658 | Again, believing in the immortality of the soul, we must still ask the question of Socrates,''What is that which we suppose to be immortal?'' |
1658 | Again, upon the supposition that the soul is a harmony, why is one soul better than another? |
1658 | Again, would you not be cautious of affirming that the addition of one to one, or the division of one, is the cause of two? |
1658 | And Socrates observing them asked what they thought of the argument, and whether there was anything wanting? |
1658 | And an absolute beauty and absolute good? |
1658 | And are not the temperate exactly in the same case? |
1658 | And are not we at this day seeking to discover that which Socrates in a glass darkly foresaw? |
1658 | And can all this be true, think you? |
1658 | And did he answer forcibly or feebly? |
1658 | And did we not see and hear and have the use of our other senses as soon as we were born? |
1658 | And do not courageous men face death because they are afraid of yet greater evils? |
1658 | And do we know the nature of this absolute essence? |
1658 | And do you not imagine, he said, that if there were a competition in evil, the worst would be found to be very few? |
1658 | And does not the nature of every harmony depend upon the manner in which the elements are harmonized? |
1658 | And does the soul admit of death? |
1658 | And does the worship of God consist only of praise, or of many forms of service? |
1658 | And has not this been our own case in the matter of equals and of absolute equality? |
1658 | And having neither more nor less of harmony or of discord, one soul has no more vice or virtue than another, if vice be discord and virtue harmony? |
1658 | And how can such a notion of the soul as this agree with the other? |
1658 | And in all these cases, the recollection may be derived from things either like or unlike? |
1658 | And in this the philosopher dishonours the body; his soul runs away from his body and desires to be alone and by herself? |
1658 | And is death the assertion of this individuality in the higher nature, and the falling away into nothingness of the lower? |
1658 | And is not all true virtue the companion of wisdom, no matter what fears or pleasures or other similar goods or evils may or may not attend her? |
1658 | And is not courage, Simmias, a quality which is specially characteristic of the philosopher? |
1658 | And is not the feeling discreditable? |
1658 | And is not this the state in which the soul is most enthralled by the body? |
1658 | And is the soul in agreement with the affections of the body? |
1658 | And is the soul seen or not seen? |
1658 | And is the soul seen or not seen? |
1658 | And is there any opposite to life? |
1658 | And is this always the case? |
1658 | And is this true of all opposites? |
1658 | And may we say that this has been proven? |
1658 | And now the application has to be made: If the soul is immortal,''what manner of persons ought we to be?'' |
1658 | And now, he said, what did we just now call that principle which repels the even? |
1658 | And on this oddness, of which the number three has the impress, the opposite idea will never intrude? |
1658 | And one of the two processes or generations is visible-- for surely the act of dying is visible? |
1658 | And return to life, if there be such a thing, is the birth of the dead into the world of the living? |
1658 | And shall we suppose nature to walk on one leg only? |
1658 | And so you think that I ought to answer your indictment as if I were in a court? |
1658 | And that by greatness only great things become great and greater greater, and by smallness the less become less? |
1658 | And that principle which repels the musical, or the just? |
1658 | And that which is not more or less a harmony is not more or less harmonized? |
1658 | And that which is not more or less harmonized can not have more or less of harmony, but only an equal harmony? |
1658 | And the body is more like the changing? |
1658 | And there is no difficulty, he said, in assigning to all of them places answering to their several natures and propensities? |
1658 | And therefore a soul which is absolutely a soul has no vice? |
1658 | And therefore has neither more nor less of discord, nor yet of harmony? |
1658 | And therefore, previously? |
1658 | And these, if they are opposites, are generated the one from the other, and have there their two intermediate processes also? |
1658 | And they are generated one from the other? |
1658 | And this impress was given by the odd principle? |
1658 | And this separation and release of the soul from the body is termed death? |
1658 | And this state of the soul is called wisdom? |
1658 | And to the odd is opposed the even? |
1658 | And to which class is the body more alike and akin? |
1658 | And to which class is the soul more nearly alike and akin, as far as may be inferred from this argument, as well as from the preceding one? |
1658 | And what about the pleasures of love-- should he care for them? |
1658 | And what do we call the principle which does not admit of death? |
1658 | And what from the dead? |
1658 | And what is it? |
1658 | And what is now your notion of such matters? |
1658 | And what is that process? |
1658 | And what is that? |
1658 | And what is the nature of this knowledge or recollection? |
1658 | And what we mean by''seen''and''not seen''is that which is or is not visible to the eye of man? |
1658 | And whence did we obtain our knowledge? |
1658 | And where shall we find a good charmer of our fears, Socrates, when you are gone? |
1658 | And which alternative, Simmias, do you prefer? |
1658 | And which does the soul resemble? |
1658 | And which of his friends were with him? |
1658 | And yet from these equals, although differing from the idea of equality, you conceived and attained that idea? |
1658 | And yet what is the feeling of lovers when they recognize a lyre, or a garment, or anything else which the beloved has been in the habit of using? |
1658 | And yet, he said, the number two is certainly not opposed to the number three? |
1658 | And, further, is not one part of us body, another part soul? |
1658 | Are not all things which have opposites generated out of their opposites? |
1658 | Are not these, Simmias and Cebes, the points which we have to consider? |
1658 | Are they equals in the same sense in which absolute equality is equal? |
1658 | Are they more or less harmonized, or is there one harmony within another? |
1658 | Are they not, Cebes, such as compel the things of which they have possession, not only to take their own form, but also the form of some opposite? |
1658 | Are they not, as the poets are always telling us, inaccurate witnesses? |
1658 | Are we not at the same time describing them both in superlatives, only that we may satisfy the demands of rhetoric? |
1658 | At any rate you can decide whether he who has knowledge will or will not be able to render an account of his knowledge? |
1658 | At the same time, turning to Cebes, he said: Are you at all disconcerted, Cebes, at our friend''s objection? |
1658 | But are real equals ever unequal? |
1658 | But are they the same as fire and snow? |
1658 | But did you ever behold any of them with your eyes? |
1658 | But do you mean to take away your thoughts with you, Socrates? |
1658 | But do you think that every man is able to give an account of these very matters about which we are speaking? |
1658 | But does the soul admit of degrees? |
1658 | But enough of them:--let us discuss the matter among ourselves: Do we believe that there is such a thing as death? |
1658 | But if it be true, then is not the body liable to speedy dissolution? |
1658 | But is this the only thing which is called odd? |
1658 | But what followed? |
1658 | But what would you say of equal portions of wood and stone, or other material equals? |
1658 | But when did our souls acquire this knowledge?--not since we were born as men? |
1658 | But why, asks Cebes, if he is a possession of the gods, should he wish to die and leave them? |
1658 | By all means, replied Socrates; what else should I please? |
1658 | Can this, my dear Cebes, be denied? |
1658 | Cebes asks why suicide is thought not to be right, if death is to be accounted a good? |
1658 | Could he have written this under the idea that the soul is a harmony of the body? |
1658 | Did he appear to share the unpleasant feeling which you mention? |
1658 | Did you never observe this? |
1658 | Do not they, from knowing the lyre, form in the mind''s eye an image of the youth to whom the lyre belongs? |
1658 | Do we lose them at the moment of receiving them, or if not at what other time? |
1658 | Do you agree in this notion of the cause? |
1658 | Do you agree? |
1658 | Do you agree? |
1658 | Do you know of any? |
1658 | Do you not agree with me? |
1658 | Do you not agree? |
1658 | Does not the divine appear to you to be that which naturally orders and rules, and the mortal to be that which is subject and servant? |
1658 | Does their life cease at death, or is there some''better thing reserved''also for them? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: And was Aristippus there, and Cleombrotus? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: Any one else? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: Well, and what did you talk about? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: Were you yourself, Phaedo, in the prison with Socrates on the day when he drank the poison? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: What followed? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: What is this ship? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: What was the manner of his death, Phaedo? |
1658 | ECHECRATES: Who were present? |
1658 | Enough of them: the real question is, What is the nature of that death which he desires? |
1658 | For are we not imagining Heaven under the similitude of a church, and Hell as a prison, or perhaps a madhouse or chamber of horrors? |
1658 | For example, when the body is hot and thirsty, does not the soul incline us against drinking? |
1658 | For example; Will not the number three endure annihilation or anything sooner than be converted into an even number, while remaining three? |
1658 | For how can one be divided into two? |
1658 | For if the living spring from any other things, and they too die, must not all things at last be swallowed up in death? |
1658 | For what can be the meaning of a truly wise man wanting to fly away and lightly leave a master who is better than himself? |
1658 | For what could be more convincing than the argument of Socrates, which has now fallen into discredit? |
1658 | For what idea can we form of the soul when separated from the body? |
1658 | From the senses then is derived the knowledge that all sensible things aim at an absolute equality of which they fall short? |
1658 | Had we the knowledge at our birth, or did we recollect the things which we knew previously to our birth? |
1658 | Has the reality of them ever been perceived by you through the bodily organs? |
1658 | Have we not seen dogs more faithful and intelligent than men, and men who are more stupid and brutal than any animals? |
1658 | He proceeded: And did you deny the force of the whole preceding argument, or of a part only? |
1658 | He proceeds: When we fear that the soul will vanish away, let us ask ourselves what is that which we suppose to be liable to dissolution? |
1658 | Heat is a thing different from fire, and cold is not the same with snow? |
1658 | How can she have, if the previous argument holds? |
1658 | How shall they bury him? |
1658 | How so? |
1658 | How so? |
1658 | I mean to say, have sight and hearing any truth in them? |
1658 | I mean what I may illustrate by the following instance:--The knowledge of a lyre is not the same as the knowledge of a man? |
1658 | I will try to make this clearer by an example:--The odd number is always called by the name of odd? |
1658 | Instead of caring about them, does he not rather despise anything more than nature needs? |
1658 | Is it not the separation of soul and body? |
1658 | Is it the personal and individual element in us, or the spiritual and universal? |
1658 | Is it the principle of knowledge or of goodness, or the union of the two? |
1658 | Is it the simple or the compound, the unchanging or the changing, the invisible idea or the visible object of sense? |
1658 | Is not death opposed to life? |
1658 | Is not forgetting, Simmias, just the losing of knowledge? |
1658 | Is not the separation and release of the soul from the body their especial study? |
1658 | Is not this true, Cebes? |
1658 | Is the Pythagorean image of the harmony, or that of the monad, the truer expression? |
1658 | Is the blood the element with which we think, or the air, or the fire? |
1658 | Is the soul related to the body as sight to the eye, or as the boatman to his boat? |
1658 | Is the suffering physical or mental? |
1658 | May I, or not? |
1658 | May not the science of physiology transform the world? |
1658 | May they not rather be described as almost always changing and hardly ever the same, either with themselves or with one another? |
1658 | May we be allowed to imagine the minds of men everywhere working together during many ages for the completion of our knowledge? |
1658 | Must we not rather assign to death some corresponding process of generation? |
1658 | Must we not, said Socrates, ask ourselves what that is which, as we imagine, is liable to be scattered, and about which we fear? |
1658 | Nay rather, are we not contradicting Homer and ourselves in affirming anything of the sort? |
1658 | Now if it be true that the living come from the dead, then our souls must exist in the other world, for if not, how could they have been born again? |
1658 | Now which of these two functions is akin to the divine? |
1658 | Of all this we may certainly affirm that we acquired the knowledge before birth? |
1658 | Of what nature? |
1658 | Once more, he said, what ruler is there of the elements of human nature other than the soul, and especially the wise soul? |
1658 | Or are we vainly attempting to pass the boundaries of human thought? |
1658 | Or did the authorities forbid them to be present-- so that he had no friends near him when he died? |
1658 | Or do or suffer anything other than they do or suffer? |
1658 | Or how can the soul be united with the body and still be independent? |
1658 | Or look at the matter in another way:--Do not the same pieces of wood or stone appear at one time equal, and at another time unequal? |
1658 | Or two be compounded into one? |
1658 | Or you may also be led to the recollection of Simmias himself? |
1658 | PHAEDO: Did you not hear of the proceedings at the trial? |
1658 | Philosophers have spoken of them as forms of the human mind, but what is the mind without them? |
1658 | Please to tell me then, Cebes, he said, what was the difficulty which troubled you? |
1658 | Seeing then that the immortal is indestructible, must not the soul, if she is immortal, be also imperishable? |
1658 | Shall he make a libation of the poison? |
1658 | Shall we exclude the opposite process? |
1658 | Shall we say so? |
1658 | Shall we say with Aristotle, that the soul is the entelechy or form of an organized living body? |
1658 | Socrates alone retained his calmness: What is this strange outcry? |
1658 | Socrates replied with a smile: O Simmias, what are you saying? |
1658 | Socrates replied: And have you, Cebes and Simmias, who are the disciples of Philolaus, never heard him speak of this? |
1658 | Supposing that the odd were imperishable, must not three be imperishable? |
1658 | Tell me, I implore you, how did Socrates proceed? |
1658 | Tell me, then, what is that of which the inherence will render the body alive? |
1658 | That is to say, before we were born, I suppose? |
1658 | The debt shall be paid, said Crito; is there anything else? |
1658 | The question,''Whence come our abstract ideas?'' |
1658 | The seen is the changing, and the unseen is the unchanging? |
1658 | The worst of men are objects of pity rather than of anger to the philanthropist; must they not be equally such to divine benevolence? |
1658 | Then must not true existence be revealed to her in thought, if at all? |
1658 | Then one soul not being more or less absolutely a soul than another, is not more or less harmonized? |
1658 | Then tell me, Socrates, why is suicide held to be unlawful? |
1658 | Then the idea of the even number will never arrive at three? |
1658 | Then the inference is that our souls exist in the world below? |
1658 | Then the living, whether things or persons, Cebes, are generated from the dead? |
1658 | Then the soul is immortal? |
1658 | Then the soul is more like to the unseen, and the body to the seen? |
1658 | Then the triad or number three is uneven? |
1658 | Then these( so- called) equals are not the same with the idea of equality? |
1658 | Then three has no part in the even? |
1658 | Then we are agreed after all, said Socrates, that the opposite will never in any case be opposed to itself? |
1658 | Then we must have acquired the knowledge of equality at some previous time? |
1658 | Then whatever the soul possesses, to that she comes bearing life? |
1658 | Then you are not of opinion, Simmias, that all men know these things? |
1658 | Then, if all souls are equally by their nature souls, all souls of all living creatures will be equally good? |
1658 | They are in process of recollecting that which they learned before? |
1658 | True, Cebes, said Socrates; and shall I suggest that we converse a little of the probabilities of these things? |
1658 | Unseen then? |
1658 | Was not that a reasonable notion? |
1658 | We will do our best, said Crito: And in what way shall we bury you? |
1658 | Well, and is there not an opposite of life, as sleep is the opposite of waking? |
1658 | Well, but is Cebes equally satisfied? |
1658 | Well, but there is another thing, Simmias: Is there or is there not an absolute justice? |
1658 | Well; and may you not also from seeing the picture of a horse or a lyre remember a man? |
1658 | What again shall we say of the actual acquirement of knowledge?--is the body, if invited to share in the enquiry, a hinderer or a helper? |
1658 | What answer can be made to the old commonplace,''Is not God the author of evil, if he knowingly permitted, but could have prevented it?'' |
1658 | What can I do better in the interval between this and the setting of the sun? |
1658 | What did he say in his last hours? |
1658 | What do you mean, Socrates? |
1658 | What do you mean, Socrates? |
1658 | What do you mean? |
1658 | What do you mean? |
1658 | What do you mean? |
1658 | What do you mean? |
1658 | What do you say? |
1658 | What do you say? |
1658 | What do you think? |
1658 | What is generated from the living? |
1658 | What is it, Socrates? |
1658 | What is that pain which does not become deadened after a thousand years? |
1658 | What is to become of the animals in a future state? |
1658 | What natures do you mean, Socrates? |
1658 | What shall I do with them? |
1658 | What then is to be the result? |
1658 | What was said or done? |
1658 | What was the reason of this? |
1658 | Whence come wars, and fightings, and factions? |
1658 | Where are the actions worthy of rewards greater than those which are conferred on the greatest benefactors of mankind? |
1658 | Wherefore, Simmias, seeing all these things, what ought not we to do that we may obtain virtue and wisdom in this life? |
1658 | Which might be like, or might be unlike them? |
1658 | Which of them will you retain? |
1658 | Why are they the happiest? |
1658 | Why do you say, enquired Cebes, that a man ought not to take his own life, but that the philosopher will be ready to follow the dying? |
1658 | Why should the wicked suffer any more than ourselves? |
1658 | Why then should he repine when the hour of separation arrives? |
1658 | Why, if he is dead while he lives, should he fear that other death, through which alone he can behold wisdom in her purity? |
1658 | Why, said Socrates,--is not Evenus a philosopher? |
1658 | Will he not depart with joy? |
1658 | Will you not allow that I have as much of the spirit of prophecy in me as the swans? |
1658 | Would you not say that he is entirely concerned with the soul and not with the body? |
1658 | Yes, my friend, but if so, when do we lose them? |
1658 | You must have observed this trait of character? |
1658 | You would agree; would you not? |
1658 | You would be afraid to draw such an inference, would you not? |
1658 | and are we convinced that all of them are generated out of opposites? |
1658 | and from the picture of Simmias, you may be led to remember Cebes? |
1658 | and is not the soul almost or altogether indissoluble? |
1658 | and what again is that about which we have no fear? |
1658 | and what is the impression produced by them? |
1658 | and when the body is hungry, against eating? |
1658 | and which to the mortal? |
1658 | and yet, if even they are inaccurate and indistinct, what is to be said of the other senses?--for you will allow that they are the best of them? |
1658 | had we been placed in their circumstances should we have been any better than they? |
1658 | he said; for these are the consequences which seem to follow from the assumption that the soul is a harmony? |
1658 | or did he calmly meet the attack? |
1658 | or do they fall short of this perfect equality in a measure? |
1658 | or is one soul in the very least degree more or less, or more or less completely, a soul than another? |
1658 | or is she at variance with them? |
1658 | or is the idea of equality the same as of inequality? |
1658 | or what is the nature of that pleasure or happiness which never wearies by monotony? |
1658 | or with Plato, that she has a life of her own? |
1658 | whence but from the body and the lusts of the body? |
1616 | ''And what are ion, reon, doun?'' |
1616 | ''But then, why, Socrates, is language so consistent? |
1616 | ''But, Socrates, as I was telling you, Cratylus mystifies me; I should like to ask him, in your presence, what he means by the fitness of names?'' |
1616 | ''How do you explain pur n udor?'' |
1616 | ''Which of us by taking thought''can make new words or constructions? |
1616 | ''Will you go on to the elements-- sun, moon, stars, earth, aether, air, fire, water, seasons, years?'' |
1616 | ( Compare Plato, Laws):--''ATHENIAN STRANGER: And what then is to be regarded as the origin of government? |
1616 | ATHENIAN STRANGER: And have there not been thousands and thousands of cities which have come into being and perished during this period? |
1616 | ATHENIAN STRANGER: But you are quite sure that it must be vast and incalculable? |
1616 | ATHENIAN STRANGER: Why, do you think that you can reckon the time which has elapsed since cities first existed and men were citizens of them? |
1616 | And I think that I ought to stop and ask myself What am I saying? |
1616 | And Socrates? |
1616 | And even if this had been otherwise, who would learn of words when he might learn of things? |
1616 | And has not every place had endless forms of government, and been sometimes rising, and at other times falling, and again improving or waning?'' |
1616 | And is there not an essence of colour and sound as well as of anything else which may be said to have an essence? |
1616 | And let me ask another question,--If we had no faculty of speech, how should we communicate with one another? |
1616 | And not the rest? |
1616 | And now let me see; where are we? |
1616 | And what do you consider to be the meaning of this word? |
1616 | And what is the final result of the enquiry? |
1616 | And which are more likely to be right-- the wiser or the less wise, the men or the women? |
1616 | Are not actions also a class of being? |
1616 | Are there any names which witness of themselves that they are not given arbitrarily, but have a natural fitness? |
1616 | Are we to count them like votes? |
1616 | Are we to count them, Cratylus; and is correctness of names to be determined by the voice of a majority? |
1616 | Are we to say of whichever sort there are most, those are the true ones? |
1616 | But I should like to know whether you are one of those philosophers who think that falsehood may be spoken but not said? |
1616 | But I wish that you would tell me, Socrates, what sort of an imitation is a name? |
1616 | But an image in fact always falls short in some degree of the original, and if images are not exact counterparts, why should names be? |
1616 | But are not such distinctions an anachronism? |
1616 | But are words really consistent; are there not as many terms of praise which signify rest as which signify motion? |
1616 | But do you not see that there is a degree of deception about names? |
1616 | But have we any more explanations of the names of the Gods, like that which you were giving of Zeus? |
1616 | But how does the carpenter make or repair the shuttle, and to what will he look? |
1616 | But how shall we further analyse them, and where does the imitator begin? |
1616 | But let me ask you what is the use and force of names? |
1616 | But let me ask you, what is the force of names, and what is the use of them? |
1616 | But then, how do the primary names indicate anything? |
1616 | But then, why do the Eritreans call that skleroter which we call sklerotes? |
1616 | But to what are you referring? |
1616 | But what do you say of the month and the stars? |
1616 | But what is kakon? |
1616 | But who is to be the judge of the proper form? |
1616 | But who makes a name? |
1616 | But why do you not give me another word? |
1616 | But why should we not discuss another kind of Gods-- the sun, moon, stars, earth, aether, air, fire, water, the seasons, and the year? |
1616 | CLEINIAS: How so? |
1616 | CLEINIAS: What do you mean? |
1616 | CRATYLUS: But, Socrates, am I not right in thinking that he must surely have known; or else, as I was saying, his names would not be names at all? |
1616 | CRATYLUS: How so? |
1616 | CRATYLUS: How so? |
1616 | CRATYLUS: What do you mean? |
1616 | CRATYLUS: Why, Socrates, how can a man say that which is not?--say something and yet say nothing? |
1616 | Can the thing beauty be vanishing away from us while the words are yet in our mouths? |
1616 | Consider this in the light of the previous instances: to what does the carpenter look in making the shuttle? |
1616 | Did you ever observe in speaking that all the words which you utter have a common character and purpose? |
1616 | Do you agree with him, or would you say that things have a permanent essence of their own? |
1616 | Do you agree with me that the letter rho is expressive of rapidity, motion, and hardness? |
1616 | Do you agree with me? |
1616 | Do you mean that the discovery of names is the same as the discovery of things? |
1616 | Do you not conceive that to be the meaning of them? |
1616 | Do you not perceive that images are very far from having qualities which are the exact counterpart of the realities which they represent? |
1616 | Do you not suppose this to be true? |
1616 | Do you think that likely? |
1616 | Does he not in these passages make a remarkable statement about the correctness of names? |
1616 | Does he not look to that which is naturally fitted to act as a shuttle? |
1616 | Does he not say that Hector''s son had two names--''Hector called him Scamandrius, but the others Astyanax''? |
1616 | Does not Cratylus agree with him that names teach us the nature of things? |
1616 | Does not the law give names, and does not the teacher receive them from the legislator? |
1616 | For example, what business has the letter rho in the word katoptron, or the letter sigma in the word sphigx? |
1616 | For is not falsehood saying the thing which is not? |
1616 | For is there not a true beauty and a true good, which is always beautiful and always good? |
1616 | For the Gods must clearly be supposed to call things by their right and natural names; do you not think so? |
1616 | For were we not saying just now that he made some names expressive of rest and others of motion? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: And what are the traditions? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: And what do you say of their opposites? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: And what is the true derivation? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: And where does Homer say anything about names, and what does he say? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: But what do you say of Hephaestus? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: But what do you say of kalon? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: But what is selene( the moon)? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: But what is the meaning of kakon, which has played so great a part in your previous discourse? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: But what shall we say of the next word? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How do you make that out? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How is that, Socrates? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How plausible? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How shall I reflect? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How so? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How so? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How so? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: How so? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: May I ask you to examine another word about which I am curious? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Must not demons and heroes and men come next? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: No, indeed; not I. SOCRATES: But tell me, friend, did not Homer himself also give Hector his name? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Of what nature? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Suppose that we make Socrates a party to the argument? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Then I rather think that I am of one mind with you; but what is the meaning of the word''hero''? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Very good; and what do we say of Demeter, and Here, and Apollo, and Athene, and Hephaestus, and Ares, and the other deities? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Very true; but what is the derivation of zemiodes? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Well, and what of them? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Well, but what is lusiteloun( profitable)? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What device? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you mean? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you say of edone( pleasure), lupe( pain), epithumia( desire), and the like, Socrates? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you say of pur( fire) and udor( water)? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What do you think of doxa( opinion), and that class of words? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What is Ares? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What is it? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What is the inference? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What is the inference? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What is the meaning of Dionysus and Aphrodite? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What of that? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What other appellation? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What then? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What was the name? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: What way? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Which are they? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Why do you say so? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Why not? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Why, Socrates? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Why, how is that? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Yes; but what do you say of the other name? |
1616 | HERMOGENES: Yes; what other answer is possible? |
1616 | Have we not been saying that the correct name indicates the nature of the thing:--has this proposition been sufficiently proven? |
1616 | Have you remarked this fact? |
1616 | How could there be names for all the numbers unless you allow that convention is used? |
1616 | How did the roots or substantial portions of words become modified or inflected? |
1616 | How they originated, who can tell? |
1616 | How, he would probably have argued, could men devoid of art have contrived a structure of such complexity? |
1616 | I utter a sound which I understand, and you know that I understand the meaning of the sound: this is what you are saying? |
1616 | Is Plato an upholder of the conventional theory of language, which he acknowledges to be imperfect? |
1616 | Is it the best sort of information? |
1616 | Is language conscious or unconscious? |
1616 | Is not all that quite possible? |
1616 | Is the giving of the names of streams to both of them purely accidental? |
1616 | Let me explain what I mean: of painters, some are better and some worse? |
1616 | Let me put the matter as follows: All objects have sound and figure, and many have colour? |
1616 | Let us consider:--does he not himself suggest a very good reason, when he says,''For he alone defended their city and long walls''? |
1616 | May I not say to him--''This is your name''? |
1616 | May we suppose that Plato, like Lucian, has been amusing his fancy by writing a comedy in the form of a prose dialogue? |
1616 | Now that we have a general notion, how shall we proceed? |
1616 | Now, if the men called him Astyanax, is it not probable that the other name was conferred by the women? |
1616 | Or about Batieia and Myrina? |
1616 | Or if this latter explanation is refuted by his silence, then in what relation does his account of language stand to the rest of his philosophy? |
1616 | Or may we be so bold as to deny the connexion between them? |
1616 | Regarding the name as an instrument, what do we do when we name? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Again, is there not an essence of each thing, just as there is a colour, or sound? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And I ask again,''What do we do when we weave?'' |
1616 | SOCRATES: And a true proposition says that which is, and a false proposition says that which is not? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And among legislators, there are some who do their work better and some worse? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And are both modes of assigning them right, or only the first? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And are not the good wise? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And are not the works of intelligence and mind worthy of praise, and are not other works worthy of blame? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And are the men or the women of a city, taken as a class, the wiser? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And at what point ought he to lose heart and give up the enquiry? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And conversely you may attribute the likeness of the man to the woman, and of the woman to the man? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And do you know that the ancients said duogon and not zugon? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And do you not believe with Anaxagoras, that mind or soul is the ordering and containing principle of all things? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And do you not suppose that good men of our own day would by him be said to be of golden race? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And do you not think that many a one would escape from Hades, if he did not bind those who depart to him by the strongest of chains? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And does this art grow up among men like other arts? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And him who knows how to ask and answer you would call a dialectician? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And how does the legislator make names? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And how to answer them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And how to put into wood forms of shuttles adapted by nature to their uses? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And if a man were to call him Hermogenes, would he not be even speaking falsely? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And if by the greatest of chains, then by some desire, as I should certainly infer, and not by necessity? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And if speaking is a sort of action and has a relation to acts, is not naming also a sort of action? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And if when I speak you know my meaning, there is an indication given by me to you? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is any desire stronger than the thought that you will be made better by associating with another? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is every man a carpenter, or the skilled only? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is every man a legislator, or the skilled only? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is every man a smith, or only the skilled? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is not Apollo the purifier, and the washer, and the absolver from all impurities? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is not naming a part of speaking? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is not that the reason, Hermogenes, why no one, who has been to him, is willing to come back to us? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And is not the part of a falsehood also a falsehood? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And may not a similar description be given of an awl, and of instruments in general? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And may not the same be said of a king? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And must not Homer have imagined the Trojans to be wiser than their wives? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And must not this be the mind of Gods, or of men, or of both? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And naming is an art, and has artificers? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And not the rest? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And now suppose that I ask a similar question about names: will you answer me? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And speech is a kind of action? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And suppose the shuttle to be broken in making, will he make another, looking to the broken one? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And that lamda was expressive of smoothness, and softness, and the like? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And that principle we affirm to be mind? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And that which has to be named has to be named with something? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And that which has to be woven or pierced has to be woven or pierced with something? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And the name of anything is that which any one affirms to be the name? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And the principle of beauty does the works of beauty? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And the proper letters are those which are like the things? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And the shuttle is the instrument of the weaver? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And the work of the legislator is to give names, and the dialectician must be his director if the names are to be rightly given? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And there are many desires? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And there are true and false propositions? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And therefore by the greatest desire, if the chain is to be the greatest? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And this artist of names is called the legislator? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And this holds good of all actions? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And this is he who knows how to ask questions? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And we saw that actions were not relative to ourselves, but had a special nature of their own? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And what do you say of the insertion of the lamda? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And what is custom but convention? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And what is the nature of this truth or correctness of names? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And what is the reason of this? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And what of those who follow out of the course of nature, and are prodigies? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And when the piercer uses the awl, whose work will he be using well? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And when the teacher uses the name, whose work will he be using? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And when the weaver uses the shuttle, whose work will he be using well? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And which, then, did he make, my good friend; those which are expressive of rest, or those which are expressive of motion? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And who are they? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And who is he? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And who uses the work of the lyre- maker? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And who will be best able to direct the legislator in his work, and will know whether the work is well done, in this or any other country? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And who will direct the shipwright? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And will a man speak correctly who speaks as he pleases? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And will there be so many names of each thing as everybody says that there are? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And with which we name? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And with which we weave? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And would you further acknowledge that the name is an imitation of the thing? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And would you hold that the very good were the very wise, and the very evil very foolish? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And would you say that the giver of the first names had also a knowledge of the things which he named? |
1616 | SOCRATES: And you would say that pictures are also imitations of things, but in another way? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Are they altogether alike? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Are you maintaining that falsehood is impossible? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Athene? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But again, that which has to be cut has to be cut with something? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But are these the only primary names, or are there others? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But do you not allow that some nouns are primitive, and some derived? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But how about truth, then? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But how could he have learned or discovered things from names if the primitive names were not yet given? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But how would you expect to know them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But if Protagoras is right, and the truth is that things are as they appear to any one, how can some of us be wise and some of us foolish? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But if that is true, Cratylus, then I suppose that things may be known without names? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But is a proposition true as a whole only, and are the parts untrue? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But let us see, Cratylus, whether we can not find a meeting- point, for you would admit that the name is not the same with the thing named? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But the art of naming appears not to be concerned with imitations of this kind; the arts which have to do with them are music and drawing? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But who then is to determine whether the proper form is given to the shuttle, whatever sort of wood may be used? |
1616 | SOCRATES: But would you say, Hermogenes, that the things differ as the names differ? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Can not you at least say who gives us the names which we use? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do we not give information to one another, and distinguish things according to their natures? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do you admit a name to be the representation of a thing? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do you not know that the heroes are demigods? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do you not know what he says about the river in Troy who had a single combat with Hephaestus? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do you not remember that he speaks of a golden race of men who came first? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Do you observe that only the ancient form shows the intention of the giver of the name? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Does not the law seem to you to give us them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Does what I am saying apply only to the things themselves, or equally to the actions which proceed from them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: First look at the matter thus: you may attribute the likeness of the man to the man, and of the woman to the woman; and so on? |
1616 | SOCRATES: How would you answer, if you were asked whether the wise or the unwise are more likely to give correct names? |
1616 | SOCRATES: How would you have me begin? |
1616 | SOCRATES: I will tell you my own opinion; but first, I should like to ask you which chain does any animal feel to be the stronger? |
1616 | SOCRATES: I will tell you; but I should like to know first whether you can tell me what is the meaning of the pur? |
1616 | SOCRATES: In as far as they are like, or in as far as they are unlike? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Is a proposition resolvable into any part smaller than a name? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Is not mind that which called( kalesan) things by their names, and is not mind the beautiful( kalon)? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Let me ask you what is the cause why anything has a name; is not the principle which imposes the name the cause? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Let me ask you, then, which did Homer think the more correct of the names given to Hector''s son-- Astyanax or Scamandrius? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Might not that be justly called the true or ideal shuttle? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Names, then, are given in order to instruct? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Nor uttered nor addressed? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Or that one name is better than another? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Ought we not to begin with the consideration of the Gods, and show that they are rightly named Gods? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Physic does the work of a physician, and carpentering does the works of a carpenter? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Shall we begin, then, with Hestia, according to custom? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Shall we leave them, then? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Speak you of the princely lord of light( Phaeos istora)? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Still you have found them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Suppose that I ask,''What sort of instrument is a shuttle?'' |
1616 | SOCRATES: Tell me, then, did the first legislators, who were the givers of the first names, know or not know the things which they named? |
1616 | SOCRATES: That is to say, the mode of assignment which attributes to each that which belongs to them and is like them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: The same names, then, ought to be assigned to those who follow in the course of nature? |
1616 | SOCRATES: The two words selas( brightness) and phos( light) have much the same meaning? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then a name is a vocal imitation of that which the vocal imitator names or imitates? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then all names are rightly imposed? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then could I have been right in what I was saying? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then he must have thought Astyanax to be a more correct name for the boy than Scamandrius? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then how came the giver of the names, if he was an inspired being or God, to contradict himself? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then how can that be a real thing which is never in the same state? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then in a proposition there is a true and false? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then let us proceed; and where would you have us begin, now that we have got a sort of outline of the enquiry? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then like other artists the legislator may be good or he may be bad; it must surely be so if our former admissions hold good? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then mind is rightly called beauty because she does the works which we recognize and speak of as the beautiful? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then that is the explanation of the name Pallas? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the actions also are done according to their proper nature, and not according to our opinion of them? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the artist of names may be sometimes good, or he may be bad? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the irreligious son of a religious father should be called irreligious? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the name is a part of the true proposition? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the teacher, when he gives us a name, uses the work of the legislator? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then the weaver will use the shuttle well-- and well means like a weaver? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then you do not think that some laws are better and others worse? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Then, if propositions may be true and false, names may be true and false? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Very good: then a name is an instrument? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Well, and about this river-- to know that he ought to be called Xanthus and not Scamander-- is not that a solemn lesson? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Well, and have you ever found any very good ones? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Well, and if any one could express the essence of each thing in letters and syllables, would he not express the nature of each thing? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Well, but do you suppose that you will be able to analyse them in this way? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What is that which holds and carries and gives life and motion to the entire nature of the body? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What is that with which we pierce? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What may we suppose him to have meant who gave the name Hestia? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What more names remain to us? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What of that, Cratylus? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What shall follow the Gods? |
1616 | SOCRATES: What shall we take next? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Whether the giver of the name be an individual or a city? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Why clearly he who first gave names gave them according to his conception of the things which they signified-- did he not? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Why, Hermogenes, I do not as yet see myself; and do you? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Why, what is the difference? |
1616 | SOCRATES: Would you say the large parts and not the smaller ones, or every part? |
1616 | SOCRATES: You are aware that speech signifies all things( pan), and is always turning them round and round, and has two forms, true and false? |
1616 | SOCRATES: You know how Hesiod uses the word? |
1616 | SOCRATES: You know the word maiesthai( to seek)? |
1616 | SOCRATES: You mean to say, how should I answer him? |
1616 | SOCRATES: You want me first of all to examine the natural fitness of the word psuche( soul), and then of the word soma( body)? |
1616 | Shall I take first of all him whom you mentioned first-- the sun? |
1616 | Shall we not be deceived by him? |
1616 | Should we not use signs, like the deaf and dumb? |
1616 | Socrates asks, whether the things differ as the words which represent them differ:--Are we to maintain with Protagoras, that what appears is? |
1616 | Suddenly, on some occasion of interest( at the approach of a wild beast, shall we say? |
1616 | Take, for example, the word katoptron; why is the letter rho inserted? |
1616 | Then how came the giver of names to contradict himself, and to make some names expressive of rest, and others of motion? |
1616 | Very good: and which shall I take first? |
1616 | Was I not telling you just now( but you have forgotten), that I knew nothing, and proposing to share the enquiry with you? |
1616 | Was there a correctness in words, and were they given by nature or convention? |
1616 | We can understand one another, although the letter rho accent is not equivalent to the letter s: why is this? |
1616 | Well, then, there is the letter lambda; what business has this in a word meaning hardness? |
1616 | Were we mistaken? |
1616 | Were we right or wrong in saying so? |
1616 | What did he mean who gave the name Hestia? |
1616 | What do you say to another? |
1616 | What do you say, Cratylus? |
1616 | What do you say? |
1616 | What do you think? |
1616 | What else but the soul? |
1616 | What is the result of recent speculations about the origin and nature of language? |
1616 | What names will afford the most crucial test of natural fitness? |
1616 | What principle of correctness is there in those charming words, wisdom, understanding, justice, and the rest?'' |
1616 | What principle of correctness is there in those charming words-- wisdom, understanding, justice, and the rest of them? |
1616 | What remains after justice? |
1616 | What will this imitator be called? |
1616 | What, then, is a name? |
1616 | Which of these two notions do you prefer? |
1616 | Why are some verbs impersonal? |
1616 | Why are there only so many parts of speech, and on what principle are they divided? |
1616 | Why do substantives often differ in meaning from the verbs to which they are related, adverbs from adjectives? |
1616 | Why do words differing in origin coalesce in the same sound though retaining their differences of meaning? |
1616 | Why does the meaning of words depart so widely from their etymology? |
1616 | Why is the number of words so small in which the sound is an echo of the sense? |
1616 | Will he not look at the ideal which he has in his mind? |
1616 | Will not a man be able to judge best from a point of view in which he may behold the progress of states and their transitions to good and evil? |
1616 | Will not he be the man who knows how to direct what is being done, and who will know also whether the work is being well done or not? |
1616 | Will not the user be the man? |
1616 | Will you help me in the search? |
1616 | Would that be your view? |
1616 | Would you not say so? |
1616 | You know the distinction of soul and body? |
1616 | You were saying, if you remember, that he who gave names must have known the things which he named; are you still of that opinion? |
1616 | and are they relative to individuals, as Protagoras tells us? |
1616 | and how did they receive separate meanings? |
1616 | and is correctness of names the voice of the majority? |
1616 | and the teacher will use the name well-- and well means like a teacher? |
1616 | and to what does he look? |
1616 | and which confines him more to the same spot,--desire or necessity? |
1616 | and will they be true names at the time of uttering them? |
1616 | have you ever been driven to admit that there was no such thing as a bad man? |
1616 | or does he mean to imply that a perfect language can only be based on his own theory of ideas? |
1616 | or is there any other? |
1616 | or will he look to the form according to which he made the other? |
1616 | the carpenter who makes, or the weaver who is to use them? |
1616 | would these words be true or false? |
1616 | you would acknowledge that there is in words a true and a false? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: And do you not think that I would enquire? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: And was there not a time when I did so think? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: And what should he do, Socrates, who would make the discovery? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: At what? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: But do you not think that I could discover them? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: But what can we do? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: But what was I to do, Socrates, when anybody cheated me? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: But, Socrates, if the two sons of Pericles were simpletons, what has that to do with the matter? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: But, perhaps, he does not exist; may I not have acquired the knowledge of just and unjust in some other way? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Did I, then? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Do you mean by''how,''Socrates, whether we suffered these things justly or unjustly? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Do you mean to say that the contest is not with these? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: How can we, Socrates? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: How could we? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: How so? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: How was that? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: I entirely believe you; but what are the sort of pains which are required, Socrates,--can you tell me? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: In what respect? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Of whom are you speaking, Socrates? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Once more, what do you mean? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Perhaps, Socrates, you are not aware that I was just going to ask you the very same question-- What do you want? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: The Muses do you mean, Socrates? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: There again; what do you mean? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What am I to consider? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What are they? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What caution? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What do you mean, Socrates; why do you say so? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What do you mean? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What do you mean? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What do you mean? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What have you in your thoughts, Socrates? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What is it? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What is that? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What ought I to have said? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What qualities? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: What was that? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Who is he, Socrates? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Why are you so sure? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Why is that? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Why, are they not able to teach? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Why, did you not say that I know nothing of the just and unjust? |
1676 | ALCIBIADES: Why, what others are there? |
1676 | And are you, Alcibiades, a freeman? |
1676 | And do you know whether you are a freeman or not? |
1676 | And does that which gives it to the state give it also to the individual, so as to make him consistent with himself and with another? |
1676 | And what is the aim of that other good counsel of which you speak? |
1676 | And what is their aim? |
1676 | And what is your motive in annoying me, and always, wherever I am, making a point of coming? |
1676 | And who do them? |
1676 | At what price would you be willing to be deprived of courage? |
1676 | But granting, if I must, that you have perfectly divined my purposes, why is your assistance necessary to the attainment of them? |
1676 | But has he the knowledge which is necessary for carrying them out? |
1676 | But to be good in what? |
1676 | But to command what-- horses or men? |
1676 | But what business? |
1676 | But when is a city better? |
1676 | Can we really be ignorant of the excellent meaning of the Delphian inscription, of which we were just now speaking? |
1676 | Can you tell me why? |
1676 | Did you never observe how great is the property of the Spartan kings? |
1676 | Does Alcibiades know? |
1676 | Does he cut with his tools only or with his hands? |
1676 | Does he not take care of them when he takes care of that which belongs to his feet? |
1676 | Does he take care of himself when he takes care of what belongs to him? |
1676 | Does not the art of measure? |
1676 | Equestrian affairs? |
1676 | For who always does justice to himself, or who writes with equal care at all times? |
1676 | Have you not remarked their absence? |
1676 | He is going to persuade the Athenians-- about what? |
1676 | How can there be agreement about matters which the one party knows, and of which the other is in ignorance? |
1676 | I who put the question, or you who answer me? |
1676 | Is he good in the sense which Alcibiades means, who is also bad? |
1676 | Is it not disgraceful? |
1676 | Is it not true? |
1676 | Is not that clear? |
1676 | Let me begin then by enquiring of you whether you allow that the just is sometimes expedient and sometimes not? |
1676 | Look at the matter thus: which would you rather choose, good or evil? |
1676 | Now is this courage good or evil? |
1676 | Or did you think that you knew? |
1676 | Or is self- knowledge a difficult thing, which few are able to attain? |
1676 | SOCRATES: A difference of just and unjust is the argument of those poems? |
1676 | SOCRATES: A man is a good adviser about anything, not because he has riches, but because he has knowledge? |
1676 | SOCRATES: About that again the diviner will advise better than you will? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Again, he who cherishes his body cherishes not himself, but what belongs to him? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Again; you sometimes accompany the lyre with the song and dance? |
1676 | SOCRATES: All just things are honourable? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And Alcibiades is my hearer? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And I am the lover who goes not away, but remains with you, when you are no longer young and the rest are gone? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And I called the excellence in wrestling gymnastic? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And I in talking use words? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And I was right? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And a man is good in respect of that in which he is wise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And about number, will not the same person persuade one and persuade many? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And all this I prove out of your own mouth, for I ask and you answer? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And are honourable things sometimes good and sometimes not good, or are they always good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And are some dishonourable things good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And are you going to get up in the Athenian assembly, and give them advice about writing? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And are you not aware of the nature of this perplexity, my friend? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And are you now conscious of your own state? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And as much as is best? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And as much as is well? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And at such times as are best? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And before they have virtue, to be commanded by a superior is better for men as well as for children? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And by gymnastic we take care of our hands, and by the art of graving rings of that which belongs to our hands? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And by gymnastic we take care of the body, and by the art of weaving and the other arts we take care of the things of the body? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And by how much greater? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can not you persuade one man about that of which you can persuade many? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can there be any matters greater than the just, the honourable, the good, and the expedient? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can they teach the better who are unable to teach the worse? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can we ever know what art makes a man better, if we do not know what we are ourselves? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can you be persuaded better than out of your own mouth? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And can you tell me on what grounds the master of gymnastics would decide, with whom they ought or ought not to close, and when and how? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And did you not say, that if I had not spoken first, you were on the point of coming to me, and enquiring why I only remained? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do we by shoemaking take care of our feet, or by some other art which improves the feet? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do we know of any part of our souls more divine than that which has to do with wisdom and knowledge? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you know anything but what you have learned of others, or found out yourself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you know how to ascend into heaven? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you know how to escape out of a state which I do not even like to name to my beauty? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you mean by friendship agreement or disagreement? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you think and perplex yourself about the preparation of food: or do you leave that to some one who understands the art? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And do you think that you will sustain any injury if you take care of yourself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And does he use his eyes in cutting leather? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And does not a man use the whole body? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And does the body rule over itself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And evil in respect of that in which he is unwise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And failing, will he not be miserable? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And for as long a time as is better? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And happiness is a good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And have I not been the questioner all through? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And he who acts well is happy? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And he who knows not the things which belong to himself, will in like manner be ignorant of the things which belong to others? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And how can you say,''What was I to do''? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And how does this happen? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if any one has fallen in love with the person of Alcibiades, he loves not Alcibiades, but the belongings of Alcibiades? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if he falls into error will he not fail both in his public and private capacity? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if he knows not the affairs of others, he will not know the affairs of states? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if so, not he who has riches, but he who has wisdom, is delivered from his misery? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if they know, they must agree together and not differ? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if we did not know our own belongings, neither should we know the belongings of our belongings? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And if we want to instruct any one in them, we shall be right in sending him to be taught by our friends the many? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And in like manner the harper and gymnastic- master? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And in the same way the instrument of the harper is to be distinguished from the harper himself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And in this case, too, is your judgment perplexed? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And is not the same person able to persuade one individual singly and many individuals of the things which he knows? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And is self- knowledge such an easy thing, and was he to be lightly esteemed who inscribed the text on the temple at Delphi? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And is the art of the pilot evil counsel? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And is the good expedient or not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And life and courage are the extreme opposites of death and cowardice? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And more than four years ago you were a child-- were you not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And most mischievous and most disgraceful when having to do with the greatest matters? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And now let me ask you what is the art with which we take care of ourselves? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And private individuals? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And self- knowledge we agree to be wisdom? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And so you will act rightly and well? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And sometimes honourable and sometimes not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And suppose that you were going to steer a ship into action, would you only aim at being the best pilot on board? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And taking proper care means improving? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And talking and using words have, I suppose, the same meaning? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And that of which you can persuade either is clearly what you know? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And that which is better is also nobler? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And that which uses is different from that which is used? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the courage which is shown in the rescue is one thing, and the death another? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the good is expedient? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the greatest goods you would be most ready to choose, and would least like to be deprived of them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the happy are those who obtain good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the honourable is the good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the next step will be to take care of the soul, and look to that? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the reason why you involuntarily contradict yourself is clearly that you are ignorant? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the same art improves the feet which improves the rest of the body? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the same holds of the balance? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the shoe in like manner to the foot? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the soul rules? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the user is not the same as the thing which he uses? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And the user of the body is the soul? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And these, as you were saying, are what perplex you? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And they are honourable in so far as they are good, and dishonourable in so far as they are evil? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And they are not in the habit of deliberating about wrestling, in the assembly? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And they are what you would most desire to have, and their opposites you would least desire? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And they obtain good by acting well and honourably? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And they ought to go to war with those against whom it is better to go to war? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And this is the reason why their arts are accounted vulgar, and are not such as a good man would practise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And this will be he who knows number, or the arithmetician? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And two years ago, and three years ago, and four years ago, you knew all the same? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And virtue to a freeman? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And was not the art of which I spoke gymnastic? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And we admit that the user is not the same with the things which he uses? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what are the objects in looking at which we see ourselves? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what art makes each individual agree with himself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what art makes each of us agree with himself about the comparative length of the span and of the cubit? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what do you call the art of fellow- citizens? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what is nobler is more becoming? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what is that of which the absence or presence improves and preserves the order of the city? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what is the art which improves our shoes? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what sort of an art is this? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what will become of those for whom he is acting? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of a state? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when did you discover them-- not, surely, at the time when you thought that you knew them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when did you think that you were ignorant-- if you consider, you will find that there never was such a time? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when individuals are doing their own work, are they doing what is just or unjust? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when individuals do what is just in the state, is there no friendship among them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when it is better? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when we take care of our shoes, do we not take care of our feet? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And when you speak of gentlemen, do you mean the wise or the unwise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And will not he who is ignorant fall into error? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And would a woman agree with a man about the science of arms, which she has never learned? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And would you advise the Athenians to go to war with the just or with the unjust? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And would you have been willing to learn or to examine what you supposed that you knew? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And would you have ever learned or discovered anything, if you had not been willing either to learn of others or to examine yourself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And would you say that they knew the things about which they differ? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And you must give the citizens virtue, if you mean to administer their affairs rightly or nobly? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And you the answerer? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And you would have a proof that they were bad teachers of these matters, if you saw them at variance? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And you would term the rescue of a friend in battle honourable, in as much as courage does a good work? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And you, whom he taught, can do the same? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And, O my friend, is not the condition of a slave to be avoided? |
1676 | SOCRATES: And, if I may recur to another old instance, what art enables them to rule over their fellow- singers? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Are not those who are well born and well bred most likely to be perfect in virtue? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Are they ruling over the signal- men who give the time to the rowers? |
1676 | SOCRATES: As I am, with you? |
1676 | SOCRATES: As I was saying before, you will look only at what is bright and divine, and act with a view to them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: As bad as death, I suppose? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Ask yourself; are you in any perplexity about things of which you are ignorant? |
1676 | SOCRATES: At any rate, thus much has been admitted, that the art is not one which makes any of our possessions, but which makes ourselves better? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But can a man give that which he has not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But can a man, Alcibiades, agree with a woman about the spinning of wool, which she understands and he does not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But can they be said to understand that about which they are quarrelling to the death? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But did we not say that the actual ruling principle of the body is man? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But evil because of the death which ensues? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But evil in respect of death and wounds? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But good counsel? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But he who cherishes his money, cherishes neither himself nor his belongings, but is in a stage yet further removed from himself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But he who loves the soul goes not away, as long as the soul follows after virtue? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But he who loves your soul is the true lover? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But how is this, friend Alcibiades? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But if we have no self- knowledge and no wisdom, can we ever know our own good and evil? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But in respect of the making of garments he is unwise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But is this always the case, and is a man necessarily perplexed about that of which he has no knowledge? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But looking at anything else either in man or in the world, and not to what resembles this, it will not see itself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But may we say that the union of the two rules over the body, and consequently that this is man? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But over men? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But should we ever have known what art makes a shoe better, if we did not know a shoe? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But since neither the body, nor the union of the two, is man, either man has no real existence, or the soul is man? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But the tool is not the same as the cutter and user of the tool? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But what is the other agreement of which you speak, and about what? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But when people think that they do not know, they entrust their business to others? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But would you say that the good are the same as the bad? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But you would admit, Alcibiades, that to take proper care of a thing is a correct expression? |
1676 | SOCRATES: But, perhaps you mean that they rule over flute- players, who lead the singers and use the services of the dancers? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Cities, then, if they are to be happy, do not want walls, or triremes, or docks, or numbers, or size, Alcibiades, without virtue? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Come, now, I beseech you, tell me with whom you are conversing?--with whom but with me? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Did not I ask, and you answer the question? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Do you not see, then, that mistakes in life and practice are likewise to be attributed to the ignorance which has conceit of knowledge? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Do you remember our admissions about the just? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Do you see the reason why, or shall I tell you? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Do you take refuge in them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: For the art which takes care of our belongings appears not to be the same as that which takes care of ourselves? |
1676 | SOCRATES: For the builder will advise better than you will about that? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Have we not made an advance? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Have you not the intention which I attribute to you? |
1676 | SOCRATES: He uses his hands too? |
1676 | SOCRATES: He whose knowledge only extends to the body, knows the things of a man, and not the man himself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: He will not know what he is doing? |
1676 | SOCRATES: He would not go to war, because it would be unlawful? |
1676 | SOCRATES: How? |
1676 | SOCRATES: I am asking if you ever knew any one who did what was dishonourable and yet just? |
1676 | SOCRATES: I suppose that the use of arms would be regarded by you as a male accomplishment? |
1676 | SOCRATES: I suppose that we begin to act when we think that we know what we are doing? |
1676 | SOCRATES: I suppose, because you do not understand shipbuilding:--is that the reason? |
1676 | SOCRATES: I will explain; the shoemaker, for example, uses a square tool, and a circular tool, and other tools for cutting? |
1676 | SOCRATES: In that mirror you will see and know yourselves and your own good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: In the first place, will you be more likely to take care of yourself, if you are in a wholesome fear and dread of them, or if you are not? |
1676 | SOCRATES: In what sort of virtue? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Individuals are agreed with one another about this; and states, equally? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Is anything more required to prove that the soul is man? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Is that a question which a magnanimous soul should ask? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Is this because you think life and courage the best, and death and cowardice the worst? |
1676 | SOCRATES: It is subject, as we were saying? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Leaving the care of our bodies and of our properties to others? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Let me ask you whether better natures are likely to be found in noble races or not in noble races? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Let me take the hand as an illustration; does not a ring belong to the finger, and to the finger only? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Look at the matter yet once more in a further light: he who acts honourably acts well? |
1676 | SOCRATES: No, indeed, and we ought to take counsel together: for do we not wish to be as good as possible? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor about divination? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor an economist? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor are states well administered, when individuals do their own work? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor can there be friendship, if friendship is agreement? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor men by women when they do their own work? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor should we know that we were the persons to whom anything belonged, if we did not know ourselves? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Nor should we know what art makes a ring better, if we did not know a ring? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Not, surely, over horses? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Now let us put the case generally: whenever there is a question and answer, who is the speaker,--the questioner or the answerer? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Now the question which I asked was whether you conceive the user to be always different from that which he uses? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Or about the touch of the lyre? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Or on a voyage? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Or reaping the harvest? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Or suppose that I ask and you tell me the letters which make up the name Socrates, which of us is the speaker? |
1676 | SOCRATES: So you said before, and I must again ask, of whom? |
1676 | SOCRATES: That is to say, I, Socrates, am talking? |
1676 | SOCRATES: That was not what you were saying before; and what do you mean now by affirming that friendship exists when there is no agreement? |
1676 | SOCRATES: That would be the business of the teacher of the chorus? |
1676 | SOCRATES: That would be the office of the pilot? |
1676 | SOCRATES: The bad, then, are miserable? |
1676 | SOCRATES: The husbandmen and the other craftsmen are very far from knowing themselves, for they would seem not even to know their own belongings? |
1676 | SOCRATES: The lover of the body goes away when the flower of youth fades? |
1676 | SOCRATES: The shoemaker, for example, is wise in respect of the making of shoes? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then a man is not the same as his own body? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then about what concerns of theirs will you advise them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then acting well is a good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then by gymnastic we take care of our feet, and by shoemaking of that which belongs to our feet? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then by shoemaking we take care of our shoes? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then he is good in that? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then he who bids a man know himself, would have him know his soul? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then he who is not wise and good can not be happy? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then how can they teach them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then if temperance is the knowledge of self, in respect of his art none of them is temperate? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then if the eye is to see itself, it must look at the eye, and at that part of the eye where sight which is the virtue of the eye resides? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then in taking care of what belongs to you, you do not take care of yourself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then in that he is bad? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then in their knowledge there is no agreement of women and men? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then let me put the matter in another way: what do you call the Goddesses who are the patronesses of art? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then let us compare our antecedents with those of the Lacedaemonian and Persian kings; are they inferior to us in descent? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then neither the physician regarded as a physician, nor the trainer regarded as a trainer, knows himself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then such a man can never be a statesman? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then that is not the principle which we are seeking? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then the art which takes care of each thing is different from that which takes care of the belongings of each thing? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then the money- maker has really ceased to be occupied with his own concerns? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then the rescue of one''s friends is honourable in one point of view, but evil in another? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then the shoemaker and the harper are to be distinguished from the hands and feet which they use? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then there was a time when you thought that you did not know what you are now supposed to know? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then they may be expected to be good teachers of these things? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then this is ignorance of the disgraceful sort which is mischievous? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then to the bad man slavery is more becoming, because better? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then upon this view of the matter the same man is good and also bad? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then vice is only suited to a slave? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then we may truly conceive that you and I are conversing with one another, soul to soul? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what affairs? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what are the deliberations in which you propose to advise them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what do you mean by this friendship or agreement about which we must be wise and discreet in order that we may be good men? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what is the meaning of being able to rule over men who use other men? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what shall we say of the shoemaker? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then what will be the subject of deliberation about which you will be justified in getting up and advising them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then who is speaking? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then whom do you call the good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then women are not loved by men when they do their own work? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you are a good adviser about the things which you know? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you are not perplexed about what you do not know, if you know that you do not know it? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you did not learn them by discovering them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you suppose yourself even when a child to have known the nature of just and unjust? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you think that cowardice is the worst of evils? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then you, too, would address them on principles of justice? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then, Alcibiades, the just is expedient? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then, if the argument holds, what we find to be honourable we shall also find to be good? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Then, upon your view, women and men have two sorts of knowledge? |
1676 | SOCRATES: There is no subject about which they are more at variance? |
1676 | SOCRATES: They could not teach you how to play at draughts, which you would acknowledge( would you not) to be a much smaller matter than justice? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Those of whom you speak are ruling over men who are using the services of other men? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Very good; and can you tell me how long it is since you thought that you did not know the nature of the just and the unjust? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Very good; but did you ever know a man wise in anything who was unable to impart his particular wisdom? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Very true; and is there not something of the nature of a mirror in our own eyes? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, and did Pericles make any one wise; did he begin by making his sons wise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, and in reference to your own case, do you mean to remain as you are, or will you take some pains about yourself? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, but are the many agreed with themselves, or with one another, about the justice or injustice of men and things? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, but did he make your brother, Cleinias, wise? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, but do you imagine that the many would differ about the nature of wood and stone? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Well, naval affairs? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What art makes cities agree about numbers? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What is he, then? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What is the inference? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What sort of affairs? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What things? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What would you say of courage? |
1676 | SOCRATES: What, do you not wish to be persuaded? |
1676 | SOCRATES: When does a man take care of his feet? |
1676 | SOCRATES: When it is well to do so? |
1676 | SOCRATES: When they are doing something or nothing? |
1676 | SOCRATES: When they are sick? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Which is gymnastic? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Which of us now says that two is more than one? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Which of us, then, was the speaker? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Who are good in what? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Who, then, are the persons who make mistakes? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Why, you know that knowledge is the first qualification of any teacher? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Why, you surely know that our city goes to war now and then with the Lacedaemonians and with the great king? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Will you be troubled at having questions to answer? |
1676 | SOCRATES: Yes, I do; and what is the name of the art which is called after them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You and the state, if you act wisely and justly, will act according to the will of God? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You do, then, mean, as I was saying, to come forward in a little while in the character of an adviser of the Athenians? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You mean about shipbuilding, for example, when the question is what sort of ships they ought to build? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You mean that about them we should have recourse to horsemen? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You mean that we should have recourse to sailors about them? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You mean, when they deliberate with whom they ought to make peace, and with whom they ought to go to war, and in what manner? |
1676 | SOCRATES: You would feel no doubt; and for this reason-- because you would know? |
1676 | Suppose I were to ask you which is the greater number, two or one; you would reply''two''? |
1676 | Suppose that I ask you again, as I did just now, What art makes men know how to rule over their fellow- sailors,--how would you answer? |
1676 | Suppose you were to ask me, what is that of which the presence or absence improves or preserves the order of the body? |
1676 | Surely not about building? |
1676 | Then has he enquired for himself? |
1676 | They can not, of course, be those who know? |
1676 | To take an instance: Would he not say that they should wrestle with those against whom it is best to wrestle? |
1676 | To what does the word refer? |
1676 | Was not that said? |
1676 | Were you then in a state of conscious ignorance and enquiry? |
1676 | What do you say to a year ago? |
1676 | What is that by the presence or absence of which the state is improved and better managed and ordered? |
1676 | Who is he? |
1676 | Why, he asks, should he not learn of them the nature of justice, as he has learned the Greek language of them? |
1676 | Will he not be likely to have his constitution ruined? |
1676 | Will you tell me how? |
1676 | Would not his meaning be:--That the eye should look at that in which it would see itself? |
1676 | You would say the same? |
1676 | and do they not run to fetch the same thing, when they want a piece of wood or a stone? |
1676 | and if men, under what circumstances? |
1676 | and when does he take care? |
1676 | are they not agreed if you ask them what they are? |
1676 | if at the time you did not know whether you were wronged or not? |
1676 | what art can give that agreement? |
1735 | ''And in becoming you participate through the bodily senses, and in being, by thought and the mind?'' |
1735 | --and I should like to know, Theaetetus, how we can possibly answer the younker''s question? |
1735 | --do you know what sort of object he would single out in reply, and what answer he would make to the enquirer? |
1735 | And am I not contradicting myself at this moment, in speaking either in the singular or the plural of that to which I deny both plurality and unity? |
1735 | And are not''knowing''and''being known''active and passive? |
1735 | And can that be a true theory of the history of philosophy which, in Hegel''s own language,''does not allow the individual to have his right''? |
1735 | And is not''being''known? |
1735 | And the real''is,''and the not- real''is not''? |
1735 | And there is another part which is certainly not less ridiculous, but being a trade in learning must be called by some name germane to the matter? |
1735 | And therefore let us try another track in our pursuit of him: You are aware that there are certain menial occupations which have names among servants? |
1735 | And we rejoin: Does not the soul know? |
1735 | And what is the name? |
1735 | And what line of distinction can there possibly be greater than that which divides ignorance from knowledge? |
1735 | And what more do we want?'' |
1735 | And where does the danger lie? |
1735 | And who are the ministers of the purification? |
1735 | And who are these last? |
1735 | And you mean by the word''participation''a power of doing or suffering? |
1735 | And, indeed, how can we imagine that perfect being is a mere everlasting form, devoid of motion and soul? |
1735 | Are there two more kinds to be added to the three others? |
1735 | Are we not''seeking the living among the dead''and dignifying a mere logical skeleton with the name of philosophy and almost of God? |
1735 | But can he know all things? |
1735 | But could the Organon of Aristotle ever have been written unless the Sophist and Statesman had preceded? |
1735 | But how can anything be an appearance only? |
1735 | But how can there be anything which neither rests nor moves? |
1735 | But how can there be two names when there is nothing but one? |
1735 | But how could philosophy explain the connexion of ideas, how justify the passing of them into one another? |
1735 | But is it really true that the part has no meaning when separated from the whole, or that knowledge to be knowledge at all must be universal? |
1735 | But is there any meaning in reintroducing the forms of the old logic? |
1735 | But ought we to give him up? |
1735 | Can any one say or think that falsehood really exists, and avoid being caught in a contradiction? |
1735 | Can we imagine that being is devoid of life and mind, and exists in awful unmeaningness an everlasting fixture? |
1735 | Do all abstractions shine only by the reflected light of other abstractions? |
1735 | Do not our household servants talk of sifting, straining, winnowing? |
1735 | Do not persons become ideas, and is there any distinction between them? |
1735 | Do we not make one house by the art of building, and another by the art of drawing, which is a sort of dream created by man for those who are awake? |
1735 | Do you agree with our recent definition? |
1735 | Do you see his point, Theaetetus? |
1735 | Do you understand? |
1735 | Do you, Theaetetus, still feel any doubt of this? |
1735 | Does he who affirms this mean to say that motion is rest, or rest motion? |
1735 | Does not the very number of them imply that the nature of his art is not understood? |
1735 | For he who would imitate you would surely know you and your figure? |
1735 | Have we not unearthed the Sophist? |
1735 | How are we to understand the word"are"? |
1735 | How then can he dispute satisfactorily with any one who knows? |
1735 | How will you maintain your ground against him? |
1735 | If not- being is inconceivable, how can not- being be refuted? |
1735 | In a word, is not the art of disputation a power of disputing about all things? |
1735 | Is being, then, one, because the parts of being are one, or shall we say that being is not a whole? |
1735 | Is he the philosopher or the Sophist? |
1735 | Is he the statesman or the popular orator? |
1735 | Is not that true? |
1735 | Is not the reconciliation of mind and body a necessity, not only of speculation but of practical life? |
1735 | Is there any doubt, after what has been said, that he is to be located in one of the divisions of children''s play? |
1735 | Is this possible? |
1735 | May I not say with confidence that not- being has an assured existence, and a nature of its own? |
1735 | May they not also find a nearer explanation in their relation to phenomena? |
1735 | May we not call these''appearances,''since they appear only and are not really like? |
1735 | May we not say that motion is other than the other, having been also proved by us to be other than the same and other than rest? |
1735 | Not- being can not be attributed to any being; for how can any being be wholly abstracted from being? |
1735 | Or are some things communicable and others not?--Which of these alternatives, Theaetetus, will they prefer? |
1735 | Or is art required in order to do so? |
1735 | Or is not the very opposite true? |
1735 | Or shall we gather all into one class of things communicable with one another? |
1735 | Or shall we say that being is not a whole at all? |
1735 | Or shall we say that they are created by a divine reason and a knowledge which comes from God? |
1735 | Or should we consider being and other to be two names of the same class? |
1735 | Real or not real? |
1735 | SOCRATES: But how can any one who is ignorant dispute in a rational manner against him who knows? |
1735 | SOCRATES: Is he not rather a god, Theodorus, who comes to us in the disguise of a stranger? |
1735 | STRANGER: A resemblance, then, is not really real, if, as you say, not true? |
1735 | STRANGER: Again, false opinion is that form of opinion which thinks the opposite of the truth:--You would assent? |
1735 | STRANGER: Again, motion is other than the same? |
1735 | STRANGER: Again, of the various kinds of ignorance, may not instruction be rightly said to be the remedy? |
1735 | STRANGER: Again; how can that which is not a whole have any quantity? |
1735 | STRANGER: And a little while ago I said that not- being is unutterable, unspeakable, indescribable: do you follow? |
1735 | STRANGER: And about what does he profess that he teaches men to dispute? |
1735 | STRANGER: And all number is to be reckoned among things which are? |
1735 | STRANGER: And all the arts which were just now mentioned are characterized by this power of producing? |
1735 | STRANGER: And are we not now in as great a difficulty about being? |
1735 | STRANGER: And do they always fail in their attempt to be thought just, when they are not? |
1735 | STRANGER: And do they not acknowledge this to be a body having a soul? |
1735 | STRANGER: And do they not profess to make men able to dispute about law and about politics in general? |
1735 | STRANGER: And do they not say that one soul is just, and another unjust, and that one soul is wise, and another foolish? |
1735 | STRANGER: And do you mean this something to be some other true thing, or what do you mean? |
1735 | STRANGER: And does he not also teach others the art of disputation? |
1735 | STRANGER: And does not false opinion also think that things which most certainly exist do not exist at all? |
1735 | STRANGER: And equally irrational to admit that a name is anything? |
1735 | STRANGER: And has not this, as you were saying, as real an existence as any other class? |
1735 | STRANGER: And here, again, is falsehood? |
1735 | STRANGER: And in the case of the body are there not two arts which have to do with the two bodily states? |
1735 | STRANGER: And in using the singular verb, did I not speak of not- being as one? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is being the same as one, and do you apply two names to the same thing? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is deformity anything but the want of measure, which is always unsightly? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is knowing and being known doing or suffering, or both, or is the one doing and the other suffering, or has neither any share in either? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is not that part of exchange which takes place in the city, being about half of the whole, termed retailing? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is not the case the same with the parts of the other, which is also one? |
1735 | STRANGER: And is there any more artistic or graceful form of jest than imitation? |
1735 | STRANGER: And may not conquest be again subdivided? |
1735 | STRANGER: And may there not be supposed to be an imitative art of reasoning? |
1735 | STRANGER: And may we not fairly call the sort of art, which produces an appearance and not an image, phantastic art? |
1735 | STRANGER: And now, do we seem to have gained a fair notion of being? |
1735 | STRANGER: And now, if we suppose that all things have the power of communion with one another-- what will follow? |
1735 | STRANGER: And of arts there are two kinds? |
1735 | STRANGER: And of persuasion, there may be said to be two kinds? |
1735 | STRANGER: And of swimming animals, one class lives on the wing and the other in the water? |
1735 | STRANGER: And of the art of instruction, shall we say that there is one or many kinds? |
1735 | STRANGER: And purification was to leave the good and to cast out whatever is bad? |
1735 | STRANGER: And shall we call our new friend unskilled, or a thorough master of his craft? |
1735 | STRANGER: And shall we call the other a fifth class? |
1735 | STRANGER: And shall we further speak of this latter class as having one or two divisions? |
1735 | STRANGER: And that which being other is also like, may we not fairly call a likeness or image? |
1735 | STRANGER: And that which exchanges the goods of one city for those of another by selling and buying is the exchange of the merchant? |
1735 | STRANGER: And the art of dialectic would be attributed by you only to the philosopher pure and true? |
1735 | STRANGER: And the false says what is other than true? |
1735 | STRANGER: And the not true is that which is the opposite of the true? |
1735 | STRANGER: And the not- great may be said to exist, equally with the great? |
1735 | STRANGER: And the other is always relative to other? |
1735 | STRANGER: And there is a private sort of controversy, which is cut up into questions and answers, and this is commonly called disputation? |
1735 | STRANGER: And there is something which you call''being''? |
1735 | STRANGER: And therefore speaks of things which are not as if they were? |
1735 | STRANGER: And therefore this first kind of capture may be called by us capture with enclosures, or something of that sort? |
1735 | STRANGER: And therefore, to their disciples, they appear to be all- wise? |
1735 | STRANGER: And they dispute about all things? |
1735 | STRANGER: And this sort of hunting may be further divided also into two principal kinds? |
1735 | STRANGER: And we have already admitted, in what preceded, that the Sophist was lurking in one of the divisions of the likeness- making art? |
1735 | STRANGER: And we know that there exists in speech... THEAETETUS: What exists? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what about the assertors of the oneness of the all-- must we not endeavour to ascertain from them what they mean by''being''? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what do you say of the visible things in heaven and earth, and the like? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what is ignorance but the aberration of a mind which is bent on truth, and in which the process of understanding is perverted? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what is the name? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what is the quality of each of these two sentences? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what shall we call the other? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what shall we say of human art? |
1735 | STRANGER: And what would you say of the figure or form of justice or of virtue in general? |
1735 | STRANGER: And when a man says that he knows all things, and can teach them to another at a small cost, and in a short time, is not that a jest? |
1735 | STRANGER: And when opinion is presented, not simply, but in some form of sense, would you not call it imagination? |
1735 | STRANGER: And when the war is one of words, it may be termed controversy? |
1735 | STRANGER: And when you admit that both or either of them are, do you mean to say that both or either of them are in motion? |
1735 | STRANGER: And where shall I begin the perilous enterprise? |
1735 | STRANGER: And where there is insolence and injustice and cowardice, is not chastisement the art which is most required? |
1735 | STRANGER: And who are the ministers of this art? |
1735 | STRANGER: And who is the maker of the longer speeches? |
1735 | STRANGER: And would they say that the whole is other than the one that is, or the same with it? |
1735 | STRANGER: And would they say that they are corporeal? |
1735 | STRANGER: And would you not call by the same name him who buys up knowledge and goes about from city to city exchanging his wares for money? |
1735 | STRANGER: And yet they must all be akin? |
1735 | STRANGER: And yet you would say that both and either of them equally are? |
1735 | STRANGER: And you mean by true that which really is? |
1735 | STRANGER: And you remember that we subdivided the swimming and left the land animals, saying that there were many kinds of them? |
1735 | STRANGER: And, O heavens, can we ever be made to believe that motion and life and soul and mind are not present with perfect being? |
1735 | STRANGER: And, in the second place, it related to a subject? |
1735 | STRANGER: Any power of doing or suffering in a degree however slight was held by us to be a sufficient definition of being? |
1735 | STRANGER: But are we to conceive that being and the same are identical? |
1735 | STRANGER: But can anything which is, be attributed to that which is not? |
1735 | STRANGER: But does every one know what letters will unite with what? |
1735 | STRANGER: But how can a man either express in words or even conceive in thought things which are not or a thing which is not without number? |
1735 | STRANGER: But perhaps you mean to give the name of''being''to both of them together? |
1735 | STRANGER: But shall we say that has mind and not life? |
1735 | STRANGER: But surely that which may be present or may be absent will be admitted by them to exist? |
1735 | STRANGER: But surely we know that no soul is voluntarily ignorant of anything? |
1735 | STRANGER: But that of which this is the condition can not be absolute unity? |
1735 | STRANGER: But the stream of thought which flows through the lips and is audible is called speech? |
1735 | STRANGER: But then, what is the meaning of these two words,''same''and''other''? |
1735 | STRANGER: But upon this view, is the beautiful a more real and the not- beautiful a less real existence? |
1735 | STRANGER: But would either of them be if not participating in being? |
1735 | STRANGER: But you would agree, if I am not mistaken, that existences are relative as well as absolute? |
1735 | STRANGER: But, on the other hand, when we say''what is not,''do we not attribute unity? |
1735 | STRANGER: Can we find a suitable name for each of them? |
1735 | STRANGER: Can you see how without them mind could exist, or come into existence anywhere? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do we admit that virtue is distinct from vice in the soul? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do you not conceive discord to be a dissolution of kindred elements, originating in some disagreement? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do you not see that when the professor of any art has one name and many kinds of knowledge, there must be something wrong? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do you observe that our scepticism has carried us beyond the range of Parmenides''prohibition? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do you speak advisedly, or are you carried away at the moment by the habit of assenting into giving a hasty answer? |
1735 | STRANGER: Do you think that sameness of condition and mode and subject could ever exist without a principle of rest? |
1735 | STRANGER: Does false opinion think that things which are not are not, or that in a certain sense they are? |
1735 | STRANGER: First there is motion, which we affirm to be absolutely''other''than rest: what else can we say? |
1735 | STRANGER: For which reason twig baskets, casting- nets, nooses, creels, and the like may all be termed''enclosures''? |
1735 | STRANGER: How are we to call it? |
1735 | STRANGER: How do the Sophists make young men believe in their supreme and universal wisdom? |
1735 | STRANGER: How, then, can any one put any faith in me? |
1735 | STRANGER: How? |
1735 | STRANGER: Meaning to say that the soul is something which exists? |
1735 | STRANGER: Nevertheless, we maintain that you may not and ought not to attribute being to not- being? |
1735 | STRANGER: O my friend, do you not see that nothing can exceed our ignorance, and yet we fancy that we are saying something good? |
1735 | STRANGER: Of this merchandise of the soul, may not one part be fairly termed the art of display? |
1735 | STRANGER: Of whom does the sentence speak, and who is the subject? |
1735 | STRANGER: Open force may be called fighting, and secret force may have the general name of hunting? |
1735 | STRANGER: Or do you wish to imply that they are both at rest, when you say that they are? |
1735 | STRANGER: Or shall we say that both inhere in perfect being, but that it has no soul which contains them? |
1735 | STRANGER: Or that being has mind and life and soul, but although endowed with soul remains absolutely unmoved? |
1735 | STRANGER: Or this sentence, again-- THEAETETUS: What sentence? |
1735 | STRANGER: Seeing, then, that all arts are either acquisitive or creative, in which class shall we place the art of the angler? |
1735 | STRANGER: Shall we bind up his name as we did before, making a chain from one end of his genealogy to the other? |
1735 | STRANGER: Shall we regard one as the simple imitator-- the other as the dissembling or ironical imitator? |
1735 | STRANGER: Shall we say that being is one and a whole, because it has the attribute of unity? |
1735 | STRANGER: Shall we say that this has or has not a name? |
1735 | STRANGER: Shall we then be so faint- hearted as to give him up? |
1735 | STRANGER: Some in the singular( ti) you would say is the sign of one, some in the dual( tine) of two, some in the plural( tines) of many? |
1735 | STRANGER: The first question about the angler was, whether he was a skilled artist or unskilled? |
1735 | STRANGER: The plain result is that motion, since it partakes of being, really is and also is not? |
1735 | STRANGER: The true says what is true about you? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then any taking away of evil from the soul may be properly called purification? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then if, as I was saying, there is one art which includes all of them, ought not that art to have one name? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then let them answer this question: One, you say, alone is? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then suppose that we work out some lesser example which will be a pattern of the greater? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then the Sophist has been shown to have a sort of conjectural or apparent knowledge only of all things, which is not the truth? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then the not- beautiful turns out to be the opposition of being to being? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then we are to regard an unintelligent soul as deformed and devoid of symmetry? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then we may without fear contend that motion is other than being? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then we must not attempt to attribute to not- being number either in the singular or plural? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then we shall be right in calling vice a discord and disease of the soul? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then why has the sophistical art such a mysterious power? |
1735 | STRANGER: Then, according to this view, motion is other and also not other? |
1735 | STRANGER: There is some part of the other which is opposed to the beautiful? |
1735 | STRANGER: These then are the two kinds of image- making-- the art of making likenesses, and phantastic or the art of making appearances? |
1735 | STRANGER: Thus far, then, the Sophist and the angler, starting from the art of acquiring, take the same road? |
1735 | STRANGER: To admit of two names, and to affirm that there is nothing but unity, is surely ridiculous? |
1735 | STRANGER: To that which is, may be attributed some other thing which is? |
1735 | STRANGER: To them we say-- You would distinguish essence from generation? |
1735 | STRANGER: Upon this view, again, being, having a defect of being, will become not- being? |
1735 | STRANGER: Very good; and now say, do we venture to utter the forbidden word''not- being''? |
1735 | STRANGER: Was not the sort of imitation of which we spoke just now the imitation of those who know? |
1735 | STRANGER: We were saying of him, if I am not mistaken, that he was a disputer? |
1735 | STRANGER: Well, fair sirs, we say to them, what is this participation, which you assert of both? |
1735 | STRANGER: What art? |
1735 | STRANGER: What is the next step? |
1735 | STRANGER: What is there which is well known and not great, and is yet as susceptible of definition as any larger thing? |
1735 | STRANGER: What name, then, shall be given to the sort of instruction which gets rid of this? |
1735 | STRANGER: What then shall we call it? |
1735 | STRANGER: When I introduced the word''is,''did I not contradict what I said before? |
1735 | STRANGER: When any one says''A man learns,''should you not call this the simplest and least of sentences? |
1735 | STRANGER: When the affirmation or denial takes Place in silence and in the mind only, have you any other name by which to call it but opinion? |
1735 | STRANGER: When we speak of something as not great, does the expression seem to you to imply what is little any more than what is equal? |
1735 | STRANGER: When we speak of things which are not, are we not attributing plurality to not- being? |
1735 | STRANGER: When we were asked to what we were to assign the appellation of not- being, we were in the greatest difficulty:--do you remember? |
1735 | STRANGER: Where, then, is a man to look for help who would have any clear or fixed notion of being in his mind? |
1735 | STRANGER: Whereas being surely has communion with both of them, for both of them are? |
1735 | STRANGER: Who must be you, and can be nobody else? |
1735 | STRANGER: Would you not say that rest and motion are in the most entire opposition to one another? |
1735 | STRANGER: Yes, and the reason, as I should imagine, is that they are supposed to have knowledge of those things about which they dispute? |
1735 | STRANGER: Yet that which has parts may have the attribute of unity in all the parts, and in this way being all and a whole, may be one? |
1735 | STRANGER: Yet they surely both partake of the same and of the other? |
1735 | STRANGER: You heard me say what I have always felt and still feel-- that I have no heart for this argument? |
1735 | STRANGER: You mean by assenting to imply that he who says something must say some one thing? |
1735 | STRANGER: You mean to say that false opinion thinks what is not? |
1735 | STRANGER: You mean to say, not in a true sense? |
1735 | STRANGER: You remember our division of hunting, into hunting after swimming animals and land animals? |
1735 | Shall I say an angler? |
1735 | Shall I tell you what we must do? |
1735 | Shall we assume( 1) that being and rest and motion, and all other things, are incommunicable with one another? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Again I ask, What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: All things? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And in what other way can it contain them? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And is there not some truth in what they say? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And what is the name of the art? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And what is the question at issue about names? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And what is their answer? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: And why? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: But are tame animals ever hunted? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: But are you sure, Stranger, that this will be quite so acceptable to the rest of the company as Socrates imagines? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: But how can he, Stranger? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: For what reason? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How are we to distinguish the two? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How can they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How indeed? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How is that possible? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How is that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How is that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How is that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How shall we get it out of them? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How shall we make the division? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How the Sophist? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How would you make the division? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How, Stranger, can I describe an image except as something fashioned in the likeness of the true? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: I suppose that you are referring to the precepts of Protagoras about wrestling and the other arts? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: In what respect? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: In what way are they related? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: In what way? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: In what? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Is not this always the aim of imitation? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: May I ask to what you are referring? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Of what are they to be patterns, and what are we going to do with them all? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Of what are you speaking? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: To what are you alluding? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: To what are you referring? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: To what do you refer? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: To what do you refer? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Very likely; but will you tell me how? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Well, and do you see what you are looking for? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they, and what is their name? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What are you saying? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What art? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What can he mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What classification? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What definition? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean, and how do you distinguish them? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What explanation? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What is the notion? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What question? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What questions? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What shall be the divisions? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What was that? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What were they? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What will be their answer, Stranger? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What would he mean by''making''? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: What? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Where shall we make the division? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Where, indeed? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Where? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Which is--? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Who are cousins? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Who but he can be worthy? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why do you think so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why not? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why not? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why so? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Why? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Will you tell me first what are the two divisions of which you are speaking? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Yes, there are many such; which of them do you mean? |
1735 | THEAETETUS: Yes; why should there not be another such art? |
1735 | THEODORUS: What is your difficulty about them, and what made you ask? |
1735 | THEODORUS: What terms? |
1735 | Tell me who? |
1735 | The Pre- Socratic philosophies are simpler, and we may observe a progress in them; but is there any regular succession? |
1735 | The unity of opposites was the crux of ancient thinkers in the age of Plato: How could one thing be or become another? |
1735 | Then we turn to the friends of ideas: to them we say,''You distinguish becoming from being?'' |
1735 | Then what is the trick of his art, and why does he receive money from his admirers? |
1735 | There will be no impropriety in our demanding an answer to this question, either of the dualists or of the pluralists? |
1735 | Therefore not- being can not be predicated or expressed; for how can we say''is,''''are not,''without number? |
1735 | They were the symbols of different schools of philosophy: but in what relation did they stand to one another and to the world of sense? |
1735 | To begin at the beginning-- Does he make them able to dispute about divine things, which are invisible to men in general? |
1735 | To them we say: Are being and one two different names for the same thing? |
1735 | Turning to the dualist philosophers, we say to them: Is being a third element besides hot and cold? |
1735 | Upon your view, are we to suppose that there is a third principle over and above the other two,--three in all, and not two? |
1735 | We may call him an image- maker if we please, but he will only say,''And pray, what is an image?'' |
1735 | What connexion is there between the proposition and our ideas of reciprocity, cause and effect, and similar relations? |
1735 | What do you say, Stranger? |
1735 | What is the meaning of these words,''same''and''other''? |
1735 | What is the teaching of Socrates apart from his personal history, or the doctrines of Christ apart from the Divine life in which they are embodied? |
1735 | What shall we name him? |
1735 | Whether they are right or not, who can say? |
1735 | Who ever thinks of the world as a syllogism? |
1735 | Will you recall them to my mind? |
1735 | Will you tell me? |
1735 | Would you object to begin with the consideration of the words themselves? |
1735 | Yet one thing may be said of them without offence-- THEAETETUS: What thing? |
1735 | You mean to say that he seems to have a knowledge of them? |
1735 | and is not Being capable of being known? |
1735 | has not Being mind? |
1735 | he and we are in the same difficulty with which we reproached the dualists; for motion and rest are contradictions-- how then can they both exist? |
1735 | is there a greater still behind? |
1735 | my dear youth, do you suppose this possible? |
1735 | or do you identify one or both of the two elements with being? |
1735 | or( 2) that they all have indiscriminate communion? |
1735 | or( 3) that there is communion of some and not of others? |
3794 | Benefits, then, will be fewer, but more genuine: well, what harm is there in restricting people from giving recklessly? |
3794 | But how can you call a man ungrateful for not returning that which you say is not a benefit? |
3794 | But,say you,"if no occasion of repayment offers, am I always to remain in his debt?" |
3794 | But,says our adversary,"suppose that we gain nothing by this; suppose that he pretends that he has forgotten it, what ought I to do?" |
3794 | Could you, then, my general, recognize that man or that helmet? |
3794 | Do you remember, general,said he,"that in Spain you dislocated your ankle near the river Sucro[ Footnote: Xucar]?" |
3794 | Do you say,inquires my opponent,"that he who carries me gratis in a boat across the river Po, does not bestow any benefit upon me?" |
3794 | Do you say,we may be asked,"that eagerness to repay kindness belongs to a morbid feeling of gratitude?" |
3794 | Do you,asks our adversary,"call that by which he is displeased and hurt a benefit?" |
3794 | From whom, then, ought we to receive them? |
3794 | He has given me this,says he,"but how late, after how much toil? |
3794 | How,asks our opponent,"can any one be ungrateful to a bad man, since a bad man can not bestow a benefit?" |
3794 | How,do you ask,"can you make them your own?" |
3794 | If any one does us good for his own sake, are we,you ask,"under an obligation to him? |
3794 | If,they argue,"I can injure myself, why should I not be able also to bestow a benefit upon myself? |
3794 | What return does one get for benefits? |
3794 | What shall I gain,says my opponent,"if I do this bravely and gratefully?" |
3794 | What then? 3794 What,"asks our opponent,"does that matter to you? |
3794 | What,say you,"can a man repay a benefit, though he does nothing?" |
3794 | What,say you,"ought he not to know from whom he received it?" |
3794 | When? |
3794 | Where,you ask,"or who is he? |
3794 | Why not? |
3794 | 27:"Quis est iste qui se profitetur omnibus legibus innocentem?"] |
3794 | After so many instances, can we doubt that a master may sometimes receive a benefit from a slave? |
3794 | All things that a son has belong to his father, yet who does not know that in spite of this a son can make presents to his father? |
3794 | Am I not to explain my wants to one does not know them? |
3794 | Am I not to point out a means of repayment to one who does not perceive it? |
3794 | Am I to live with an infamous person? |
3794 | Amidst all these restless passions, how can you hope to find a thing so full of rest as good faith? |
3794 | And what will you say when, as is sometimes the case, you hate the father, and yet save his son? |
3794 | Are our valuations to be restricted to pecuniary fines? |
3794 | Are they not? |
3794 | Are they ungrateful alone? |
3794 | Are we, then, to say that this assistance of the brute was a benefit? |
3794 | Aristides, who received a name for justice, is he unjust? |
3794 | At what sum can you estimate the value of a lodging in a wilderness, of a shelter in the rain, of a bath or fire in cold weather? |
3794 | Be sure that the comic poet speaks the most absolute truth in the verses:--"Know you not this? |
3794 | Because he has changed, ought he to change you? |
3794 | Besides this, why are those things not called benefits when I bestow them upon myself which would be called benefits if I bestowed them upon another? |
3794 | But take whichever you please to be true; what will this knowledge profit us? |
3794 | But what if the benefit turns out ill? |
3794 | But wherefore is it superior to virtue? |
3794 | But who would be affected by the spectacle of his punishment? |
3794 | Call a man a slave? |
3794 | Camillus a betrayer?" |
3794 | Can any benefits be greater than those which children receive from their parents? |
3794 | Can any one compare us with the animals over whom we rule? |
3794 | Can any one feel ashamed of adultery, now that things have come to such a pass that no woman keeps a husband at all unless it be to pique her lover? |
3794 | Can there be any doubt that all the private savings of a slave belong to his master as well as he himself? |
3794 | Can we doubt that the climate of this abode of the human race is regulated by the motion of the sun and moon in their orbits? |
3794 | Can we doubt that the converse of a benefit is an injury? |
3794 | Can you apply the name of friend to one who is admitted in his regular order to pay his respects to you? |
3794 | Can you be thought to have bestowed a benefit upon one whom you hated most bitterly while you were bestowing it? |
3794 | Can you call anything a benefit, if you feel ashamed to mention the person who gave it you? |
3794 | Can you desire me to do anything to express my gratitude to a man who did nothing in order to confer a benefit upon me? |
3794 | Can you tell me of anyone who saved his master more gloriously? |
3794 | Could Socrates not have made an adequate return to Archelaus, if he had taught him to reign? |
3794 | Could he blame them more gently? |
3794 | Did you admit a man who was so openly filthy to the fasces and the tribunal? |
3794 | Do I not return to him such a benefit, as he is now able to receive? |
3794 | Do you ask what service you can render to a prosperous man? |
3794 | Do you imagine that the matter in dispute between them is merely one of precedence? |
3794 | Do you imagine that those things which are loathed are not punished, or do you suppose that any punishment is greater than the hate of all men? |
3794 | Do you not owe a benefit for the life of one whose safety you value above your own? |
3794 | Do you not perceive that you are doing wrong, from the very fact that those to whom you are ungrateful fare better? |
3794 | Do you not perceive when you say this that you merely speak of God under another name? |
3794 | Do you not see how parents force children during their infancy to undergo what is useful for their health? |
3794 | Do you not think that it required a much greater man to refuse this reward than to earn it? |
3794 | Do you say,"I shall not be able to return them?" |
3794 | Do you suppose that he wished to do me any honour? |
3794 | Do you suppose that the crown was given to Arrhidaeus? |
3794 | Do you suppose, though this be the only point in question, that it is a mere matter of precedence? |
3794 | Do you think yourself grateful? |
3794 | Do you wish to know how far from a benefit it was to give life under such conditions? |
3794 | Do you wish to know how it differs from one? |
3794 | Do you wish to know this to be so, and that it is not bribed by ideas of profit? |
3794 | Do you wish to know what Socrates really meant? |
3794 | Do you wish to know when their service is not a benefit? |
3794 | Do you wish to return the benefit? |
3794 | Does Decius fear death? |
3794 | Duty, however, leaves one some choice; do you ask me, how I am to choose? |
3794 | Fabius, who''by delays retrieved the day,''is he rash? |
3794 | First of all I will prove that any chance would- be partner of mine has nothing in common with me: and why? |
3794 | For what are these respectable men summoned? |
3794 | For what does the order of the universe bring round the seasons? |
3794 | Has he forgotten two kindnesses? |
3794 | He gave it to me, of course, having both opportunity and means: is he a good man or a bad one? |
3794 | Here, however, what occasion is there for subtlety? |
3794 | How are so many thousands of insatiable men to be satiated? |
3794 | How can any man feel gratitude for benefits, if he skips through his whole life entirely engrossed with the present and the future? |
3794 | How can you tell whether I do not wish, or whether I do not know how to repay you: whether it be in intention or in opportunity that I am wanting? |
3794 | How comes it to be such happiness to parents that they should confess themselves outdone by the benefits bestowed by their children? |
3794 | How could a judge estimate the value of these things, when words, hesitation, or looks can destroy all their claim to gratitude? |
3794 | How do you feel when any one is spoken of as being ungrateful for great benefits conferred upon him by a friend? |
3794 | How does this contest become so desirable? |
3794 | How far more proper are such prayers as these, which do not put you off to some distant opportunity, but express your gratitude at once? |
3794 | How is a man to pay who owes his life, his position, his safety, or his reason to another? |
3794 | How is this? |
3794 | How long do you mean to lead me about? |
3794 | How long will you go on saying,"I saved you, I snatched you from the jaws of death?" |
3794 | How many are there who are unworthy of the light of day? |
3794 | How many complain because they have been born? |
3794 | How shall I be able to repay these favours? |
3794 | How, in that case, would you decide which was the greater; the present which the man has received, or the injury which has been done him? |
3794 | However unequally the blessings of after life may be dealt out to us, did nature give us too little when she gave us herself? |
3794 | I answer, in the first place, what does their real value matter, since the buyer and seller have settled the price between them? |
3794 | I did not expect this; I have been treated like one of the herd; did he really think that I only deserved so little? |
3794 | I do not regret it, nor shall I do so; nor shall fortune, however unjust she may be, ever hear me say,''What did I want? |
3794 | I do not wish to do so, yet what am I to do? |
3794 | If I save the life of one, do I confer a benefit upon the other, who will be sorry that his hated brother did not perish?" |
3794 | If any one gave you a few acres, you would say that you had received a benefit; can you deny that the boundless extent of the earth is a benefit? |
3794 | If there were no rogues, what glory would there be in doing good to many? |
3794 | If this is your way of returning a kindness, what would you do if you were exacting repayment of a debt? |
3794 | If you were to return it to me against my will, you would be ungrateful, how much more ungrateful are you, if you force me to wish for it? |
3794 | In dealing with such persons, what more can I do than wish to repay them? |
3794 | In the next place, I ask whether this man of yours be ferocious merely in intent, or whether he breaks out into actual outrages upon mankind? |
3794 | In this case, what ought he to have done? |
3794 | In what indeed did that frantic youth, whose only merit was his lucky audacity, resemble Hercules? |
3794 | In what virtue is there not? |
3794 | Is Mucius a traitor? |
3794 | Is a good man, then, not able to bestow a benefit, because he does what he ought to do, and is not able not to do what he ought to do? |
3794 | Is a man ungrateful for one benefit? |
3794 | Is it a debtor that you seek for? |
3794 | Is it ambition? |
3794 | Is it as though he had done something base, or had merely neglected to do something useful and likely to be profitable to himself? |
3794 | Is it fear? |
3794 | Is it profit? |
3794 | Is it the master who receives a benefit from his slave? |
3794 | Is it worth while to destroy all this merely in order to refute you? |
3794 | Is not this the universal reproach of the human race? |
3794 | Is the gift which is bestowed upon all alike, at their birth, not enough? |
3794 | Is there any one who does not regard the returning of a kindness, and the bestowal of a benefit, as distinct acts? |
3794 | It may be asked,"Why are you so careful in inquiring upon whom you bestow benefits, as though some day you meant to demand repayment of them? |
3794 | It seems to offer more opportunity for debate to consider what a captive ought to do, if a man of abominable vices offers him the price of his ransom? |
3794 | Marcus Cato said,"Borrow from yourself whatever you lack;"why, then, if I can lend myself anything, should I be unable to give myself anything? |
3794 | More has been given to those most villainous men than has been given to me; well, what is that to the purpose? |
3794 | Next, what punishment are we to appoint for the ungrateful? |
3794 | No one is justified in seeking an excuse for ingratitude in his own weakness or poverty, or in saying,"What am I to do, and how? |
3794 | Nor have I done any good to his son, for what advantage does he gain by my act?" |
3794 | Now what greater change can take place than that I should discover you to be a bad and ungrateful man? |
3794 | Now what is more honourable than gratitude? |
3794 | Now, how great is this benefit? |
3794 | Now, who will venture to raise the question whether it be honourable to be grateful? |
3794 | Observing the man''s hesitation, he said,"Why do you delay, as though the whole business was in your power? |
3794 | One equal to it; death? |
3794 | One less than the benefit? |
3794 | Ought we not to receive what Claudius gives? |
3794 | Ought we to call this receiving presents, or rather taking one''s pick of the senate? |
3794 | Plato, it is argued, was grateful to Socrates for having been taught by him; why should not Socrates be grateful to himself for having taught himself? |
3794 | Pray tell me what return one gets for righteousness, innocence, magnanimity, chastity, temperance? |
3794 | Pray tell me, what is it that urges us to do so? |
3794 | Pray, do we bestow benefits upon animals when we feed them for our use or for our table? |
3794 | Pray, what litigant, after having been successfully defended, retains any remembrance of so great a benefit for more than a few days?" |
3794 | Reflect, then, upon this: you say,"My kindness has met with no return, what am I to do? |
3794 | Shall I permit myself to be saved by a wretch? |
3794 | So when you have said,"Have I not bestowed a benefit upon the father by saving the son?" |
3794 | So, then, you would not save a man''s life in the dark? |
3794 | Suppose I were given something by a cruel and easily offended tyrant, who would take it as an affront if his bounty were slighted? |
3794 | Suppose that such men as these say,"I do not want it,""Let him keep it to himself,""Who asks him for it?" |
3794 | Taken singly, what should we be? |
3794 | Tell me, if the wise man possesses everything, how can one give anything to a wise man? |
3794 | The judge does not sit merely to decide between debtor and creditor, when he says,"You did lend the man money; but then, what followed? |
3794 | The more benefits a man bestows, the more beneficent he is, yet who ever was praised for having been of service to himself? |
3794 | There are many who say,"I know that this will do him no good, but what am I to do? |
3794 | There is no doubt that a slave can bestow a benefit upon anyone; why, then, not upon his master? |
3794 | There was a rivalry between them, as to who should give it; and how should there not be? |
3794 | This analogy is imperfect; and why? |
3794 | Those persons, therefore, are mistaken, who ask the Stoics,"What do you say, then? |
3794 | Tiberius Caesar, when some one addressed him with the words,"Do you remember....?" |
3794 | To himself? |
3794 | To what do we trust for safety, if not in mutual good offices one to another? |
3794 | Wait patiently; why are you unwilling to let my bounty abide with you? |
3794 | Was any man ever unwilling to do this, even though he were ungrateful? |
3794 | Was it not a small thing which Socrates received? |
3794 | We sometimes say,"What could Providence mean by placing an Arrhidaeus upon the throne?" |
3794 | Well, but I pray you, do you not say,"you have preserved my son for me; had he perished, I could not have survived him?" |
3794 | Well, what then? |
3794 | What am I to imagine? |
3794 | What am I to say of the third, he who, meaning to do an injury, blunders into bestowing a benefit? |
3794 | What are you doing, Avarice? |
3794 | What could be more inhuman than to cause benefits to result in cruelty? |
3794 | What did he do deserving of praise, in not receiving stolen goods, in choosing not to receive them, instead of returning them? |
3794 | What difference does it make to me whether I receive benefits or not? |
3794 | What do I gather from this? |
3794 | What follows, then? |
3794 | What follows, then? |
3794 | What grandeur is there in loving oneself, sparing oneself, gaining profit for oneself? |
3794 | What if I do not know what sort of repayment you wish for? |
3794 | What if, for example, my country orders me to give to her what I had promised to my friend? |
3794 | What inconsistency is this? |
3794 | What is more fortunate than that old man who declares everywhere to everyone that he has been conquered in benefits by his son? |
3794 | What is more praiseworthy, upon what are all men more universally agreed, than to return gratitude for good offices? |
3794 | What is that to the purpose? |
3794 | What is the aim of the grateful man? |
3794 | What is the meaning of this dance of sisters in a circle, hand in hand? |
3794 | What is the use of abuse, or of complaints? |
3794 | What is the use of laboriously untying knots which you yourself have tied, in order that you might untie them? |
3794 | What is there to prevent your returning your benefactor''s kindness, even while he is in prosperity? |
3794 | What is this but trampling upon the commonwealth, and that, too, with the left foot, though you may say that this point does not signify? |
3794 | What joy would he have experienced, if, after the putting down of the civil war, he had seen his son ruling the state in peace and security? |
3794 | What lately made Fabius Persicus a member of more than one college of priests, though even profligates avoided his kiss? |
3794 | What made Cicero''s son a consul, except his father? |
3794 | What madness is this, to call the gods in question for their bounty? |
3794 | What man is there of so firm and trustworthy a mind that you can safely invest your benefits in him? |
3794 | What need have you for disdainful airs, or swelling phrases? |
3794 | What need is there for you to speak, and to take the place which belongs to another? |
3794 | What now is the use of having meant well?''" |
3794 | What of the bursting forth of warm waters upon the seashore itself? |
3794 | What of the fountains of medicinal waters? |
3794 | What ought I to do? |
3794 | What profit can accrue to him from this latent feeling? |
3794 | What punishment is to be assigned to ingratitude for these? |
3794 | What should we say of a pilot who prayed to the gods for dreadful storms and tempests, in order that danger might make his skill more highly esteemed? |
3794 | What then is it? |
3794 | What then is our reason for owing them much? |
3794 | What then, I answer, shall we punish the undutiful, the malicious, the avaricious, the headstrong, and the cruel? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What then? |
3794 | What value has the crown in itself? |
3794 | What virtue do we admire more than benevolence? |
3794 | What will you do in such a case? |
3794 | What would they have, if every man had his own? |
3794 | What, again, is more blissful than to be overcome in such a contest? |
3794 | What, then, is a benefit? |
3794 | What, then, will you do? |
3794 | What? |
3794 | What? |
3794 | What? |
3794 | What? |
3794 | When a man bestows a benefit, at what does he aim? |
3794 | When can I repay my debt to my superiors the lords of heaven and earth?" |
3794 | When safe, what recompense can I make to him? |
3794 | When the mind begins through weariness to hate the promised benefit, or while it is wavering in expectation of it, how can it feel grateful for it? |
3794 | When the question can be asked,"What if he had refused to do it?" |
3794 | When will the day come upon which I can prove my gratitude to him?" |
3794 | When? |
3794 | Whence comes the breath which you draw? |
3794 | Whence, then, comes all that you possess, that you give or refuse to give, that you hoard or steal? |
3794 | Where, then, does a benefit begin to stop? |
3794 | Wherefore then does he give? |
3794 | Wherefore? |
3794 | Whether the bestowal of benefits and the return of gratitude for them are desirable objects in themselves? |
3794 | Which do we encourage more? |
3794 | Which of the two do you call the worse-- he who is ungrateful for kindness, or he who does not even remember it? |
3794 | Who can be grateful for what has been disdainfully flung to him, or angrily cast at him, or been given him out of weariness, to avoid further trouble? |
3794 | Who can estimate the value of such services as these? |
3794 | Who denies it? |
3794 | Who does not leave the world with reluctance, and with lamentations? |
3794 | Who does not thinks that to have bestowed one benefit is a reason for bestowing a second? |
3794 | Who ever called a hunch of bread a benefit, or a farthing dole tossed to a beggar, or the means of lighting a fire? |
3794 | Who has ever thought it enough to be asked for anything in an off- hand manner, or to be asked only once? |
3794 | Who is there so poor, so uncared for, born to sorrow by so unkind a fate, as never to have felt the vast generosity of the Gods? |
3794 | Who ought to applaud it more than we Stoics, who preach the brotherhood of the human race? |
3794 | Who will compare these cases with one another, or weigh one against the other? |
3794 | Who would call Aeneas pious, if he wished that his native city might be captured, in order that he might save his father from captivity? |
3794 | Who would not be pleaded against? |
3794 | Who would not plead under it? |
3794 | Who, while he admires them, thinks of their being of use to him? |
3794 | Whom would you admire more than he who governs himself and has himself under command? |
3794 | Whose attention is not arrested by the universe itself, when by night it pours forth its fires and glitters with innumerable stars? |
3794 | Why are you in such haste to lose both your benefit and your friend? |
3794 | Why are you sparing of your property, as though it were your own? |
3794 | Why do we separate this which naturally is connected? |
3794 | Why do you call upon the gods to ruin me? |
3794 | Why do you chafe at being laid under an obligation? |
3794 | Why do you despair, before making a trial of me? |
3794 | Why do you offer to me what is the bane of all nations? |
3794 | Why do you say this, if you do not receive a benefit? |
3794 | Why do you wish me to get into trouble? |
3794 | Why need I hesitate to make such men as these better to themselves and to me? |
3794 | Why need the person of the giver detract from the thing which he gives? |
3794 | Why not rather wish that he to whom you owe most may be powerful and happy? |
3794 | Why should benefits not be included among those acts which require two persons to perform them? |
3794 | Why should he( if a bad man) have the excuse, or( if a good man) have the sorrow of not knowing them? |
3794 | Why should it not be forbidden to demand of this man repayment of former favours? |
3794 | Why then, by trying to protect the rights of the former class, should we reduce them to the level of the basest of mankind? |
3794 | Why, are not some fathers so cruel and so wicked that it is right and proper for their sons to turn away from them, and disown them? |
3794 | Why, do you suppose that it was given to him? |
3794 | Why, if you owed some wine to any man, and he bade you pour it into a net or a sieve, would you say that you had returned it? |
3794 | Why, then, did Socrates say this? |
3794 | Why, when you yourself were making Mamercus Scaurus consul, were you ignorant of his vices? |
3794 | Why? |
3794 | Would anyone have heard of Aristo and Gryllus except through Xenophon and Plato, their sons? |
3794 | Would it not, then, be more honourable to be deceived by some than to suspect all men of dishonesty? |
3794 | Yet there is a great difference between giving and receiving; how should there not be, seeing that these words are the converse of one another? |
3794 | Yet think whether it be not nearer the truth to regard all that I can do, and all that I have done, as mine, due to my own powers and my own will? |
3794 | Yet what credit is there in this? |
3794 | Yet who is so exalted, that fortune may not make him need the aid even of the lowliest? |
3794 | Yet, am I not to live with my preserver? |
3794 | Yet, often as it is the case, what can be more shameful than that there should be no difference between a benefit and hatred? |
3794 | Yet, pray, have they taken away the life which they gave? |
3794 | Yet, setting aside all this, would not the sun be a sight worthy to be contemplated and worshipped, if he did no more than rise and set? |
3794 | You ask,"What connection has this illustration with the subject?" |
3794 | You can not say"Why, what harm do I do him?" |
3794 | You might, moreover, find a great part of the human race guilty, for who is there who does not profit by his neighbour''s wants? |
3794 | You seem to say to me:"Why steer to seaward? |
3794 | You seem to say,"When shall I get free from this obligation? |
3794 | You, the slave of lust, of gluttony, of a harlot, nay, who are owned as a joint chattel by harlots, can you call anyone else a slave? |
3794 | am I not to accept it? |
3794 | and would this be so, if the act of giving did not itself give us pleasure? |
3794 | can hardly carry or remember, are those of friends? |
3794 | did he himself conceal them? |
3794 | did he wish to appear decent? |
3794 | do we bestow benefits upon trees when we tend them that they may not suffer from drought or from hardness of ground? |
3794 | do you not know that a debt can be paid even to a rich man? |
3794 | does it make any difference to us to whom we leave our property, seeing that we can not expect any return from any one? |
3794 | even if dutiful, does not think about it? |
3794 | even if moderate in his desires, does not look forward to it? |
3794 | for what do they impress their seals? |
3794 | for what does the sun make the day now longer and now shorter? |
3794 | for what is nature but God and divine reason, which pervades the universe and all its parts? |
3794 | for, as I have just said, what is there to prevent your returning the kindness even of those who enjoy the greatest prosperity? |
3794 | how long do you mean to forbid me to forget my adventure? |
3794 | how much more might I have earned if I had attached myself to So and so, or to So and so? |
3794 | how seldom does Fortune show judgment in her choice? |
3794 | interest? |
3794 | is Achilles timid? |
3794 | is it not to the door of some door- keeper, or to the gardens of some one who has not even a subordinate office? |
3794 | is it that his gratitude may win for him more friends and more benefits? |
3794 | is there to be one only for all, though the benefits which they have received are different? |
3794 | nay, who ever was ungrateful from any other motive than this? |
3794 | of him from whom I have received any kindness? |
3794 | of him who by his power of consolation brings back to the duties of life one who was plunged in grief, and eager to follow those whom he had lost? |
3794 | of him who holds you back when you would rush into crime? |
3794 | of him who strikes the sword from the hands of the suicide? |
3794 | or can you expect perfect loyalty from one who is forced to slip into your presence through a grudgingly- opened door? |
3794 | or for having rescued himself from brigands? |
3794 | or his grandfather? |
3794 | or his wife and his father- in- law? |
3794 | or if a law be passed forbidding any one to do what I had promised to do for him? |
3794 | or should the punishment be varying, greater or less according to the benefit which each has received? |
3794 | or the fasces? |
3794 | or the judgment- seat and car of triumph? |
3794 | or the purple- bordered robe? |
3794 | or upon his uncle? |
3794 | or would you be willing to return it in such a way that in the act of returning it was lost between you?" |
3794 | or would you do him these services and yet not give him anything?" |
3794 | out of the camp of the enemy and raised him to the consulate? |
3794 | shall I owe you nothing for it? |
3794 | shall the ungrateful man go unpunished?" |
3794 | tell me where I am to stop, how far I am to follow out the pedigree of the family?" |
3794 | that repose in which you are rotting and mouldering? |
3794 | that the fertility of the human race corresponds to the courses of the moon? |
3794 | that the sun by its revolution marks out the year, and that the moon, moving in a smaller orbit, marks out the months? |
3794 | the blood by whose circulation your vital warmth is maintained? |
3794 | the light by which you arrange and perform all the actions of your life? |
3794 | those meats which excite your palate by their delicate flavour after your hunger is appeased? |
3794 | those provocatives which rouse you when wearied with pleasure? |
3794 | though it be more useful, more creditable, more pleasant for him not to know his benefactor, will you not consent to stand aside? |
3794 | what are we to do, seeing that in some cases the benefit conferred is life, and things dearer than life? |
3794 | what young man, even if of innocent life, does not long for his father''s death? |
3794 | when a man is made happier by me and is freed from the greatest danger of unhappiness, does he not receive a benefit? |
3794 | whence come these innumerable delights of our eyes, our ears, and our minds? |
3794 | whence does he come?" |
3794 | whither are these men with their smart military- looking cloaks carrying you? |
3794 | who can bid us weigh dissimilar benefits one with another? |
3794 | who does not loathe the ungrateful man, useless as he is even to himself? |
3794 | why do you overwhelm him with reproaches? |
3794 | why do you set him free from his obligation? |
3794 | why should we decline to be its guardians? |
3794 | why, I pray you, whither are you being hurried by those bearers who carry your litter? |
3794 | why, as though you were dealing with a harsh usurer, are you in such a hurry to sign and seal an equivalent bond? |
3794 | why, what is there to boast of in having paid what you owe? |
3794 | would not the moon be worth looking at, even if it passed uselessly through the heavens? |
3794 | you ought to meet this with,"Have I, then, bestowed a benefit upon a father whom I do not know, whom I never thought of?" |
1744 | ''But whither, Socrates, are you going? |
1744 | ''How can I contribute to the greatest happiness of others?'' |
1744 | ''Is pleasure an evil? |
1744 | ''What is the place of happiness or utility in a system of moral philosophy?'' |
1744 | ''Why, Socrates,''they will say,''how can we? |
1744 | ''Yes, I know, but what is the application?'' |
1744 | ''good'') to pleasures in general, when he can not deny that they are different? |
1744 | --Is not this a very rational and suitable reply, which mind has made, both on her own behalf, as well as on the behalf of memory and true opinion? |
1744 | Am I not right in saying that they have a deeper want and greater pleasure in the satisfaction of their want? |
1744 | And he who thus deceives himself may be strong or weak? |
1744 | And here several questions arise for consideration:--What is the meaning of pure and impure, of moderate and immoderate? |
1744 | And if he is strong we fear him, and if he is weak we laugh at him, which is a pleasure, and yet we envy him, which is a pain? |
1744 | And ignorance is a misfortune? |
1744 | And in which is pleasure to find a place? |
1744 | And is not the element which makes this mixed life eligible more akin to mind than to pleasure? |
1744 | And is not this the science which has a firmer grasp of them than any other? |
1744 | And mind what you say: I ask whether any animal who is in that condition can possibly have any feeling of pleasure or pain, great or small? |
1744 | And must I include music, which is admitted to be guess- work? |
1744 | And must I then finish the argument? |
1744 | And now I want to know whether I may depart; or will you keep me here until midnight? |
1744 | And now let us go back and interrogate wisdom and mind: Would you like to have any pleasures in the mixture? |
1744 | And now we turn to the pleasures; shall I admit them? |
1744 | And one form of ignorance is self- conceit-- a man may fancy himself richer, fairer, better, wiser than he is? |
1744 | And there are colours which are of the same character, and have similar pleasures; now do you understand my meaning? |
1744 | And they will reply:--''What pleasures do you mean?'' |
1744 | And what shall we say about the rest? |
1744 | And yet the envious man finds something pleasing in the misfortunes of others? |
1744 | And you remember how pleasures mingle with pains in lamentation and bereavement? |
1744 | Another question is raised: May not pleasures, like opinions, be true and false? |
1744 | Answer now, and tell me whether you see, I will not say more, but more intense and excessive pleasures in wantonness than in temperance? |
1744 | Are we not desirous of happiness, at any rate for ourselves and our friends, if not for all mankind? |
1744 | Are we not liable, or rather certain, as in the case of sight, to be deceived by distance and relation? |
1744 | Are we not, on the contrary, almost wholly unconscious of this and similar phenomena?'' |
1744 | But at an early stage of the controversy another question was asked:''Do pleasures differ in kind? |
1744 | But how would you decide this question, Protarchus? |
1744 | But in passing from one to the other, do we not experience neutral states, which although they appear pleasureable or painful are really neither? |
1744 | But is it not distracting to the conscience of a man to be told that in the particular case they are opposed? |
1744 | But is the life of pleasure perfect and sufficient, when deprived of memory, consciousness, anticipation? |
1744 | But still we want truth? |
1744 | But what two notions can be more opposed in many cases than these? |
1744 | But whence comes this common inheritance or stock of moral ideas? |
1744 | But where shall we place mind? |
1744 | Can there be another source? |
1744 | Could this be otherwise? |
1744 | Do not certain ingenious philosophers teach this doctrine, and ought not we to be grateful to them? |
1744 | Do you mean that you are to throw into the cup and mingle the impure and uncertain art which uses the false measure and the false circle? |
1744 | Do you think that any one who asserts pleasure to be the good, will tolerate the notion that some pleasures are good and others bad? |
1744 | Does not the more and less, which dwells in their very nature, prevent their having any end? |
1744 | First we will take the pure sciences; but shall we mingle the impure-- the art which uses the false rule and the false measure? |
1744 | For are not love and sorrow as well as anger''sweeter than honey,''and also full of pain? |
1744 | For have these unities of idea any real existence? |
1744 | For is there not also an absurdity in affirming that good is of the soul only; or in declaring that the best of men, if he be in pain, is bad? |
1744 | For must not pleasure be of all things most absolutely like pleasure,--that is, like itself? |
1744 | For what can be more reasonable than that God should will the happiness of all his creatures? |
1744 | For what in Heaven''s name is the feeling to be called which is thus produced in us?--Pleasure or pain? |
1744 | Have I not given, Philebus, a fair statement of the two sides of the argument? |
1744 | Have we not found that which Socrates and Plato''grew old in seeking''? |
1744 | How, as units, can they be divided and dispersed among different objects? |
1744 | How, if imperishable, can they enter into the world of generation? |
1744 | How, then, can we compare them? |
1744 | I am of opinion that they would certainly answer as follows: PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | If this be clearly established, then pleasure will lose the victory, for the good will cease to be identified with her:--Am I not right? |
1744 | If we ask: Which of these many theories is the true one? |
1744 | If we say''Not pleasure, not virtue, not wisdom, nor yet any quality which we can abstract from these''--what then? |
1744 | Is mind or chance the lord of the universe? |
1744 | Is not and was not this what we were saying, Protarchus? |
1744 | Is not this the life of an oyster? |
1744 | Is not this the sort of enquiry in which his life is spent? |
1744 | Is that purest which is greatest or most in quantity, or that which is most unadulterated and freest from any admixture of other colours? |
1744 | Is there not a mixture of feelings in the spectator of tragedy? |
1744 | Is there such a thing as opinion? |
1744 | May not a man who is empty have at one time a sure hope of being filled, and at other times be quite in despair? |
1744 | May we not say of him, that he is in an intermediate state? |
1744 | Must not the union of the two be higher and more eligible than either separately? |
1744 | Or do they exist in their entirety in each object? |
1744 | Or is the life of mind sufficient, if devoid of any particle of pleasure? |
1744 | PHILEBUS: And did not you, Protarchus, propose to answer in my place? |
1744 | PHILEBUS: How so? |
1744 | PHILEBUS: I think so too, but how do his words bear upon us and upon the argument? |
1744 | PHILEBUS: What is that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And pray, what is dialectic? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And what is this life of mind? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And what was that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And who may they be? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And would you like to have a fifth class or cause of resolution as well as a cause of composition? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And would you tell me again, sweet Socrates, which of the aforesaid classes is the mixed one? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: And would you, Socrates, have us agree with them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: But how, Socrates, can there be false pleasures and pains? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: But what, Socrates, are those other marvels connected with this subject which, as you imply, have not yet become common and acknowledged? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: But when and how does he do this? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: But why, Socrates, do we ask the question at all? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Certainly not, Socrates; but why repeat such questions any more? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How can we make the further division which you suggest? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How can we? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How do they afford an illustration? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How indeed? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How is that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How is that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How shall I change them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How so? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How so? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How so? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How will that be? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How will you proceed? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How would you distinguish them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: How? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: I believe that you are right, Socrates; but will you try to be a little plainer? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: In the class of the infinite, you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: In what manner? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: In what respect? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Not if the pleasure is mistaken; how could we? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Of what affections, and of what kind of life, are you speaking? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Of what nature? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Of what nature? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Of what? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Of whom are you speaking, and what do they mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Out of the union, that is, of pleasure with mind and wisdom? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Then what pleasures, Socrates, should we be right in conceiving to be true? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Upon what principle would you make the division? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Very likely; but how will this invalidate the argument? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What am I to infer? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What answer? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are the two kinds? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are they, and how do you separate them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are they, and how shall we find them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are they? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are they? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What are they? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What disorders? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do they mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean by the class of the finite? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean by''intermediate''? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean, and what proof have you to offer of what you are saying? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean, my good friend? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What have you to say? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What instance shall we select? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What is your explanation? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What life? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What manner of natures are they? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What phenomena do you mean? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What pleasures? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What point? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What principle? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What question? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What question? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What question? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What question? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What question? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What road? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What shall we say about them, and what course shall we take? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What was it? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What was that? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What will that be? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: What? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: When can that be, Socrates? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Where shall we begin? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Which of them? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Who is he? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why do you ask, Socrates? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why do you not answer yourself, Socrates? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why not, Socrates? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why should I? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why so? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Why, how could any man who gave any other be deemed in his senses? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: Yes, certainly; for how can there be anything which has no cause? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: You are speaking of beauty, truth, and measure? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: You mean that he may live neither rejoicing nor sorrowing? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: You mean, what would happen if the body were not changed either for good or bad? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: You want to know whether that which is called essence is, properly speaking, for the sake of generation? |
1744 | PROTARCHUS: You, Philebus, have handed over the argument to me, and have no longer a voice in the matter? |
1744 | Perhaps you will allow me to ask you a question before you answer? |
1744 | SOCRATES: A better and more unexceptionable way of speaking will be-- PROTARCHUS: What? |
1744 | SOCRATES: A just and pious and good man is the friend of the gods; is he not? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And a man must be pleased by something? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And all men, as we were saying just now, are always filled with hopes? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And am I to include music, which, as I was saying just now, is full of guesswork and imitation, and is wanting in purity? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And an opinion must be of something? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And are not mind and wisdom the names which are to be honoured most? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And are they felt by us to be or become greater, when we are sick or when we are in health? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And are you aware that even at a comedy the soul experiences a mixed feeling of pain and pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And can opinions be good or bad except in as far as they are true or false? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And did we think that either of them alone would be sufficient? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do not opinion and the endeavour to form an opinion always spring from memory and perception? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do not people who are in a fever, or any similar illness, feel cold or thirst or other bodily affections more intensely? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do they think that they have pleasure when they are free from pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do we feel pain or pleasure in laughing at it? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do we not acknowledge this ignorance of theirs to be a misfortune? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And do you, Protarchus, accept the position which is assigned to you? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And from a like admixture of the finite and infinite come the seasons, and all the delights of life? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And further, even if we admit the existence of qualities in other objects, may not pleasure and pain be simple and devoid of quality? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And has he not the pleasure of memory when he is hoping to be filled, and yet in that he is empty is he not at the same time in pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And has not the argument in what has preceded, already shown that the arts have different provinces, and vary in their degrees of certainty? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And he who is pleased, whether he is rightly pleased or not, will always have a real feeling of pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And how, Protarchus, can there be true and false fears, or true and false expectations, or true and false opinions? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And how, Protarchus, shall we answer the enquiry? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And if badness attaches to any of them, Protarchus, then we should speak of a bad opinion or of a bad pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And if the thing opined be erroneous, might we not say that the opinion, being erroneous, is not right or rightly opined? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And if we see a pleasure or pain which errs in respect of its object, shall we call that right or good, or by any honourable name? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And ignorance, and what is termed clownishness, are surely an evil? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And in these sorts of mixtures the pleasures and pains are sometimes equal, and sometimes one or other of them predominates? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is not destruction universally admitted to be the opposite of generation? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is not our fire small and weak and mean? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is not the agent the same as the cause in all except name; the agent and the cause may be rightly called one? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is not thirst desire? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is the good sufficient? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And is there not and was there not a further point which was conceded between us? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And may not all this be truly called an evil condition? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And may not the same be said about fear and anger and the like; are they not often false? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And may we not say that the good, being friends of the gods, have generally true pictures presented to them, and the bad false pictures? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And may we not say with reason that we are now at the vestibule of the habitation of the good? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And memory may, I think, be rightly described as the preservation of consciousness? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And must we not attribute to pleasure and pain a similar real but illusory character? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And now have I not sufficiently shown that Philebus''goddess is not to be regarded as identical with the good? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And now we must begin to mix them? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And now what is the next question, and how came we hither? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And now what nature shall we ascribe to the third or compound kind? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And of the names expressing cognition, ought not the fairest to be given to the fairest things? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And ought we not to select some of these for examination, and see what makes them the greatest? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And shall we not find them also full of the most wonderful pleasures? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And such a thing as pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And surely pleasure often appears to accompany an opinion which is not true, but false? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And that can not be the body, for the body is supposed to be emptied? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the class to which pleasure belongs has also been long ago discovered? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the creator or cause of them has been satisfactorily proven to be distinct from them,--and may therefore be called a fourth principle? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the finite or limit had not many divisions, and we readily acknowledged it to be by nature one? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the images answering to true opinions and words are true, and to false opinions and words false; are they not? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the obvious instances of the greatest pleasures, as we have often said, are the pleasures of the body? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the same may be said of the patient, or effect; we shall find that they too differ, as I was saying, only in name-- shall we not? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the soul may be truly said to be oblivious of the first but not of the second? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the union or communion of soul and body in one feeling and motion would be properly called consciousness? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And the unjust and utterly bad man is the reverse? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And there is a higher note and a lower note, and a note of equal pitch:--may we affirm so much? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And these hopes, as they are termed, are propositions which exist in the minds of each of us? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And these names may be said to have their truest and most exact application when the mind is engaged in the contemplation of true being? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And these were the names which I adduced of the rivals of pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And this was the source of false opinion and opining; am I not right? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And was not envy the source of this pleasure which we feel at the misfortunes of friends? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And we have also agreed that the restoration of the natural state is pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And we maintain that they are each of them one? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And we see what is the place and nature of this life and to what class it is to be assigned? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And what do you say, Philebus? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And what if there be a third state, which is better than either? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And what shall we say, Philebus, of your life which is all sweetness; and in which of the aforesaid classes is that to be placed? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of the intermediate state? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And whether the opinion be right or wrong, makes no difference; it will still be an opinion? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And why do you suppose me to have pointed out to you the admixture which takes place in comedy? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And will you help us to test these two lives? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And will you let me go? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And wisdom and mind can not exist without soul? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And yet he who desires, surely desires something? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And yet the envious man finds something in the misfortunes of his neighbours at which he is pleased? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And yet they are very different; what common nature have we in view when we call them by a single name? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And yet you will acknowledge that they are different from one another, and sometimes opposed? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And you remember also how at the sight of tragedies the spectators smile through their tears? |
1744 | SOCRATES: And you say that pleasure, and I say that wisdom, is such a state? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Are not we the cup- bearers? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Are there not three ways in which ignorance of self may be shown? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Are you going to ask, Philebus, what this has to do with the argument? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Assuredly you have already arrived at the answer to the question which, as you say, you have been so long asking? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But do we not distinguish memory from recollection? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But do you see the consequence? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But do you see the consequence? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But had we not better have a preliminary word and refresh our memories? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But how can we rightly judge of them? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But is such a life eligible? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But to feel joy instead of sorrow at the sight of our friends''misfortunes-- is not that wrong? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But were you right? |
1744 | SOCRATES: But what do you say of another question:--have we not heard that pleasure is always a generation, and has no true being? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Capital; and now will you please to give me your best attention? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Certainly, Protarchus; but are not these also distinguishable into two kinds? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Did not the things which were generated, and the things out of which they were generated, furnish all the three classes? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Did we not begin by enquiring into the comparative eligibility of pleasure and wisdom? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Did we not place hunger, thirst, and the like, in the class of desires? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Did we not say that ignorance was always an evil? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Do not obvious and every- day phenomena furnish the simplest illustration? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Do we mean anything when we say''a man thirsts''? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Do you deny that some pleasures are false, and others true? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Do you mean to say that I must make the division for you? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Does not the right participation in the finite give health-- in disease, for instance? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Good; and where shall we begin this great and multifarious battle, in which such various points are at issue? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Have pleasure and pain a limit, or do they belong to the class which admits of more and less? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Have we not found a road which leads towards the good? |
1744 | SOCRATES: He asks himself--''What is that which appears to be standing by the rock under the tree?'' |
1744 | SOCRATES: He does not desire that which he experiences, for he experiences thirst, and thirst is emptiness; but he desires replenishment? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Here then is one kind of pleasures and pains originating severally in the two processes which we have described? |
1744 | SOCRATES: How can anything fixed be concerned with that which has no fixedness? |
1744 | SOCRATES: How can there be purity in whiteness, and what purity? |
1744 | SOCRATES: I have just mentioned envy; would you not call that a pain of the soul? |
1744 | SOCRATES: In what way? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Is not envy an unrighteous pleasure, and also an unrighteous pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Is the good perfect or imperfect? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Knowledge has two parts,--the one productive, and the other educational? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Let them flow, then; and now, if there are any necessary pleasures, as there were arts and sciences necessary, must we not mingle them? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Living thus, you would always throughout your life enjoy the greatest pleasures? |
1744 | SOCRATES: May I not have led you into a misapprehension? |
1744 | SOCRATES: May our body be said to have a soul? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Might we imagine the process to be something of this nature? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Now, can that which is neither be either gold or silver? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Or suppose that the better life is more nearly allied to wisdom, then wisdom conquers, and pleasure is defeated;--do you agree? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Reflect; would you not want wisdom and intelligence and forethought, and similar qualities? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Right; but do you understand why I have discussed the subject? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Shall I, Protarchus, have my own question asked of me by you? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Shall the enquiry into these states of feeling be made the occasion of raising a question? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Shall we further agree-- PROTARCHUS: To what? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Shall we next consider measure, in like manner, and ask whether pleasure has more of this than wisdom, or wisdom than pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Sound is one in music as well as in grammar? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Tell me first;--should we be most likely to succeed if we mingled every sort of pleasure with every sort of wisdom? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Tell us, O beloved-- shall we call you pleasures or by some other name?--would you rather live with or without wisdom? |
1744 | SOCRATES: That is a return to the old position, Protarchus, and so we are to say( are we?) |
1744 | SOCRATES: The agent or cause always naturally leads, and the patient or effect naturally follows it? |
1744 | SOCRATES: The bad then commonly delight in false pleasures, and the good in true pleasures? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then he who is empty desires, as would appear, the opposite of what he experiences; for he is empty and desires to be full? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then he will live without pleasure; and who knows whether this may not be the most divine of all lives? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then here we have a third state, over and above that of pleasure and of pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then man and the other animals have at the same time both pleasure and pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then many other cases still remain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then mind and science when employed about such changing things do not attain the highest truth? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then now we know the meaning of the word? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then pleasure, being a generation, must surely be for the sake of some essence? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then pleasure, being a generation, will be rightly placed in some other class than that of good? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then the cause and what is subordinate to it in generation are not the same, but different? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then the perfect and universally eligible and entirely good can not possibly be either of them? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then there must be something in the thirsty man which in some way apprehends replenishment? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then this is your judgment; and this is the answer which, upon your authority, we will give to all masters of the art of misinterpretation? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then we were not right in saying, just now, that motions going up and down cause pleasures and pains? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Then, how can opinion be both true and false, and pleasure true only, although pleasure and opinion are both equally real? |
1744 | SOCRATES: There is greater hope of finding that which we are seeking in the life which is well mixed than in that which is not? |
1744 | SOCRATES: There is nothing envious or wrong in rejoicing at the misfortunes of enemies? |
1744 | SOCRATES: True, Protarchus; and so the purest white, and not the greatest or largest in quantity, is to be deemed truest and most beautiful? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Very right; and would you say that generation is for the sake of essence, or essence for the sake of generation? |
1744 | SOCRATES: We agree-- do we not?--that there is such a thing as false, and also such a thing as true opinion? |
1744 | SOCRATES: We may assume then that there are three lives, one pleasant, one painful, and the third which is neither; what say you? |
1744 | SOCRATES: We mean to say that he''is empty''? |
1744 | SOCRATES: We said, if you remember, that the mixed life of pleasure and wisdom was the conqueror-- did we not? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, but are not those pleasures the greatest of which mankind have the greatest desires? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, but had we not better leave her now, and not pain her by applying the crucial test, and finally detecting her? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, but if a man who is full of knowledge loses his knowledge, are there not pains of forgetting? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, tell me, is this question worth asking? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, then, my view is-- PROTARCHUS: What is it? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Well, then, shall I let them all flow into what Homer poetically terms''a meeting of the waters''? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Were we not saying that God revealed a finite element of existence, and also an infinite? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Were we not speaking just now of hotter and colder? |
1744 | SOCRATES: What do you mean, Protarchus, by the two pains? |
1744 | SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1744 | SOCRATES: What do you mean? |
1744 | SOCRATES: What would you say, Protarchus, to both of these in one, or to one that was made out of the union of the two? |
1744 | SOCRATES: What, then, is there in the mixture which is most precious, and which is the principal cause why such a state is universally beloved by all? |
1744 | SOCRATES: When you speak of purity and clearness, or of excess, abundance, greatness and sufficiency, in what relation do these terms stand to truth? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Whereas eating is a replenishment and a pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Whether we experience the feeling of which I am speaking only in relation to the present and the past, or in relation to the future also? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Whether we ought to say that the pleasures and pains of which we are speaking are true or false? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Why, Protarchus, admitting that there is no such interval, I may ask what would be the necessary consequence if there were? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Why, do we not speak of anger, fear, desire, sorrow, love, emulation, envy, and the like, as pains which belong to the soul only? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Why? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Would you choose, Protarchus, to live all your life long in the enjoyment of the greatest pleasures? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Would you consider that there was still anything wanting to you if you had perfect pleasure? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Would you say of drink, or of replenishment with drink? |
1744 | SOCRATES: Would you say that he was wholly pained or wholly pleased? |
1744 | SOCRATES: You mean the pleasures which are mingled with pain? |
1744 | SOCRATES: You mean to say that you would like to desert, if you were not ashamed? |
1744 | SOCRATES: You will observe that I have spoken of three classes? |
1744 | Secondly, why is there no mention of the supreme mind? |
1744 | Shall I tell you how I mean to escape from them? |
1744 | Shall we begin thus? |
1744 | Shall we enquire into the truth of your opinion? |
1744 | Shall you and I sum up the two sides? |
1744 | Still the question recurs,''In what does the whole differ from all the parts?'' |
1744 | The pleasure of yourself, or of your neighbour,--of the individual, or of the world?'' |
1744 | The question Will such and such an action promote the happiness of myself, my family, my country, the world? |
1744 | Then both of us are vanquished-- are we not? |
1744 | To these ancient speculations the moderns have added a further question:--''Whose pleasure? |
1744 | To what then is to be attributed this opinion which has been often entertained about the uncertainty of morals? |
1744 | We understand what you mean; but is there no charm by which we may dispel all this confusion, no more excellent way of arriving at the truth? |
1744 | Were we not enquiring whether the second place belonged to pleasure or wisdom? |
1744 | What are they? |
1744 | What common property in all of them does he mean to indicate by the term''good''? |
1744 | What is the origin of pleasure? |
1744 | What more does he want? |
1744 | When we saw those elements of which we have been speaking gathered up in one, did we not call them a body? |
1744 | When you speak of hotter and colder, can you conceive any limit in those qualities? |
1744 | Whence comes the necessity of them? |
1744 | Which has the greater share of truth? |
1744 | Which of beauty? |
1744 | Which of symmetry? |
1744 | Who would prefer such an alternation to the equable life of pure thought? |
1744 | Why are some actions rather than others which equally tend to the happiness of mankind imposed upon us with the authority of law? |
1744 | Why do I say so at this moment? |
1744 | Why should we endeavour to bind all men within the limits of a single metaphysical conception? |
1744 | Would the world have been better if there had been no Stoics or Kantists, no Platonists or Cartesians? |
1744 | Yet about these too we must ask What will of God? |
1744 | a good? |
1744 | and are some bad, some good, and some neither bad nor good?'' |
1744 | and of comedy also? |
1744 | because I said that we had better not pain pleasure, which is an impossibility? |
1744 | how revealed to us, and by what proofs? |
1744 | is analogous to the question asked in the Philebus,''What rank does pleasure hold in the scale of goods?'' |
1744 | need I remind you of the anger''Which stirs even a wise man to violence, And is sweeter than honey and the honeycomb?'' |
1744 | or some true and some false? |
1744 | the only good?'' |
1744 | which includes the lower and the higher kind of happiness, and is the aim of the noblest, as well as of the meanest of mankind?'' |
1744 | would you not at any rate want sight? |
1687 | ''And can they hear the dialogue?'' |
1687 | ''And do you suppose the individual to partake of the whole, or of the part?'' |
1687 | ''And of human beings like ourselves, of water, fire, and the like?'' |
1687 | ''And what kind of discipline would you recommend?'' |
1687 | ''And who will answer me? |
1687 | ''And would you like to say that the ideas are really divisible and yet remain one?'' |
1687 | ''And would you make abstract ideas of the just, the beautiful, the good?'' |
1687 | ''And would you say that each man is covered by the whole sail, or by a part only?'' |
1687 | ''But how can individuals participate in ideas, except in the ways which I have mentioned?'' |
1687 | ''But must not the thought be of something which is the same in all and is the idea? |
1687 | ''How do you mean?'' |
1687 | ''I quite believe you,''said Socrates;''but will you answer me a question? |
1687 | ''If God is, what follows? |
1687 | ''In the same sort of way,''said Parmenides,''as a sail, which is one, may be a cover to many-- that is your meaning?'' |
1687 | ''Then how do you know that there are things in themselves?'' |
1687 | ''Then the beautiful and the good in their own nature are unknown to us?'' |
1687 | ''Then the ideas have parts, and the objects partake of a part of them only?'' |
1687 | ''Then will you, Zeno?'' |
1687 | ''Welcome, Cephalus: can we do anything for you in Athens?'' |
1687 | ''What difficulty?'' |
1687 | ''What is that?'' |
1687 | ''Why not of the whole?'' |
1687 | ''Yet if these difficulties induce you to give up universal ideas, what becomes of the mind? |
1687 | Again, how far can one touch itself and the others? |
1687 | Again, is the not- one part of the one; or rather, would it not in that case partake of the one? |
1687 | Again, let us conceive of a one which by an effort of abstraction we separate from being: will this abstract one be one or many? |
1687 | Again, of the parts of the one, if it is-- I mean being and one-- does either fail to imply the other? |
1687 | Again, the like is opposed to the unlike? |
1687 | Am I not right? |
1687 | And a multitude implies a number larger than one? |
1687 | And all the parts are contained by the whole? |
1687 | And all these others we shall affirm to be parts of the whole and of the one, which, as soon as the end is reached, has become whole and one? |
1687 | And also in other things? |
1687 | And also of one? |
1687 | And are not things of a different kind also other in kind? |
1687 | And are not things other in kind unlike? |
1687 | And as it becomes one and many, must it not inevitably experience separation and aggregation? |
1687 | And because having limits, also having extremes? |
1687 | And being of equal parts with itself, it will be numerically equal to itself; and being of more parts, more, and being of less, less than itself? |
1687 | And being one and many and in process of becoming and being destroyed, when it becomes one it ceases to be many, and when many, it ceases to be one? |
1687 | And can that which has no participation in being, either assume or lose being? |
1687 | And can there be individual thoughts which are thoughts of nothing? |
1687 | And can you think of anything else which is between them other than equality? |
1687 | And change is motion-- we may say that? |
1687 | And could we hear it? |
1687 | And did we not mean by becoming, and being destroyed, the assumption of being and the loss of being? |
1687 | And do not''will be,''''will become,''''will have become,''signify a participation of future time? |
1687 | And do we not say that the others being other than the one are not one and have no part in the one? |
1687 | And do you remember that the older becomes older than that which becomes younger? |
1687 | And does this strange thing in which it is at the time of changing really exist? |
1687 | And each kind of absolute knowledge will answer to each kind of absolute being? |
1687 | And greatness and smallness always stand apart? |
1687 | And has not- being also, if it is not? |
1687 | And have we not already shown that it can not be in anything? |
1687 | And if I speak of being and the other, or of the one and the other,--in any such case do I not speak of both? |
1687 | And if all number participates in being, every part of number will also participate? |
1687 | And if any one of them is wanting to anything, will that any longer be a whole? |
1687 | And if each of them is one, then by the addition of any one to any pair, the whole becomes three? |
1687 | And if neither more nor less, then in a like degree? |
1687 | And if the world partakes in the ideas, and the ideas are thoughts, must not all things think? |
1687 | And if there are not two, there is no contact? |
1687 | And if there are two there must also be twice, and if there are three there must be thrice; that is, if twice one makes two, and thrice one three? |
1687 | And if there be such a thing as participation in absolute knowledge, no one is more likely than God to have this most exact knowledge? |
1687 | And if they are unlike the one, that which they are unlike will clearly be unlike them? |
1687 | And if this is so, does any number remain which has no necessity to be? |
1687 | And if to the two a third be added in due order, the number of terms will be three, and the contacts two? |
1687 | And in either case, the one would be many, and not one? |
1687 | And in such particles the others will be other than one another, if others are, and the one is not? |
1687 | And in that it was other it was shown to be like? |
1687 | And in this way, the one, if it has being, has turned out to be many? |
1687 | And inequality implies greatness and smallness? |
1687 | And is each of these parts-- one and being-- to be simply called a part, or must the word''part''be relative to the word''whole''? |
1687 | And is it or does it become a longer time than itself or an equal time with itself? |
1687 | And is not time always moving forward? |
1687 | And is not''other''a name given to a thing? |
1687 | And is the one a part of itself? |
1687 | And it is older( is it not?) |
1687 | And it will also be like and unlike itself and the others? |
1687 | And it would seem that number can be predicated of them if each of them appears to be one, though it is really many? |
1687 | And may not all things partake of both opposites, and be both like and unlike, by reason of this participation?--Where is the wonder? |
1687 | And must not that which is correctly called both, be also two? |
1687 | And not having the same measures, the one can not be equal either with itself or with another? |
1687 | And of two things how can either by any possibility not be one? |
1687 | And parts, as we affirm, have relation to a whole? |
1687 | And sameness has been shown to be of a nature distinct from oneness? |
1687 | And shall we say that the lesser or the greater is the first to come or to have come into existence? |
1687 | And since we affirm that we speak truly, we must also affirm that we say what is? |
1687 | And since we have at this moment opinion and knowledge and perception of the one, there is opinion and knowledge and perception of it? |
1687 | And so all being, whatever we think of, must be broken up into fractions, for a particle will have to be conceived of without unity? |
1687 | And so the one, if it is, must be infinite in multiplicity? |
1687 | And so the other things will be younger than the one, and the one older than other things? |
1687 | And so when he says''If one is not''he clearly means, that what''is not''is other than all others; we know what he means-- do we not? |
1687 | And surely there can not be a time in which a thing can be at once neither in motion nor at rest? |
1687 | And that is the one? |
1687 | And that which contains, is a limit? |
1687 | And that which has parts will be as many as the parts are? |
1687 | And that which is ever in the same, must be ever at rest? |
1687 | And that which is of the same age, is neither older nor younger? |
1687 | And that which is older is older than that which is younger? |
1687 | And that which is older, must always be older than something which is younger? |
1687 | And the absolute natures or kinds are known severally by the absolute idea of knowledge? |
1687 | And the assuming of being is what you would call becoming? |
1687 | And the one has been proved both to be and not to be? |
1687 | And the one is all its parts, and neither more nor less than all? |
1687 | And the one is other than the others in the same degree that the others are other than it, and neither more nor less? |
1687 | And the one is the whole? |
1687 | And the one was also shown to be the same with the others? |
1687 | And the other to the same? |
1687 | And the relinquishing of being you would call destruction? |
1687 | And the straight is that of which the centre intercepts the view of the extremes? |
1687 | And there is and was and will be something which is in relation to it and belongs to it? |
1687 | And there will seem to be odd and even among them, which will also have no reality, if one is not? |
1687 | And therefore is and is not in the same state? |
1687 | And therefore neither smallness, nor greatness, nor equality, can be attributed to it? |
1687 | And therefore not other than itself? |
1687 | And therefore other things can neither be like or unlike, the same, or different in relation to it? |
1687 | And they are unequal to an unequal? |
1687 | And things that are not equal are unequal? |
1687 | And three are odd, and two are even? |
1687 | And thus the one can neither be the same, nor other, either in relation to itself or other? |
1687 | And to be the same with the others is the opposite of being other than the others? |
1687 | And we have not got the idea of knowledge? |
1687 | And we said that it could not be in itself, and could not be in other? |
1687 | And we surely can not say that what is truly one has parts? |
1687 | And what are its relations to other things? |
1687 | And what are the relations of the one to the others? |
1687 | And what is a whole? |
1687 | And what is the nature of this exercise, Parmenides, which you would recommend? |
1687 | And what of that? |
1687 | And what shall be our first hypothesis, if I am to attempt this laborious pastime? |
1687 | And when being in motion it rests, and when being at rest it changes to motion, it can surely be in no time at all? |
1687 | And when it becomes greater or less or equal it must grow or diminish or be equalized? |
1687 | And when two things are alike, must they not partake of the same idea? |
1687 | And when we put them together shortly, and say''One is,''that is equivalent to saying,''partakes of being''? |
1687 | And when we say that a thing is not, do we mean that it is not in one way but is in another? |
1687 | And when you say it once, you mention that of which it is the name? |
1687 | And whenever it becomes like and unlike it must be assimilated and dissimilated? |
1687 | And who will answer me? |
1687 | And will not all things that are not one, be other than the one, and the one other than the not- one? |
1687 | And will not knowledge-- I mean absolute knowledge-- answer to absolute truth? |
1687 | And will not that of which the two partake, and which makes them alike, be the idea itself? |
1687 | And will not the something which is apprehended as one and the same in all, be an idea? |
1687 | And will not the things which participate in the one, be other than it? |
1687 | And will there not be many particles, each appearing to be one, but not being one, if one is not? |
1687 | And would you make an idea of man apart from us and from all other human creatures, or of fire and water? |
1687 | And would you say that the whole sail includes each man, or a part of it only, and different parts different men? |
1687 | And yet, surely, the one was shown to have parts; and if parts, then a beginning, middle and end? |
1687 | And you may say the name once or oftener? |
1687 | And''is,''or''becomes,''signifies a participation of present time? |
1687 | And, further, if not moved in any way, it will not be altered in any way? |
1687 | And, indeed, the very supposition of this is absurd, for how can that which is, be devoid of being? |
1687 | Because every part is part of a whole; is it not? |
1687 | But are there any modes of partaking of being other than these? |
1687 | But as I must attempt this laborious game, what shall be the subject? |
1687 | But as to its becoming older and younger than the others, and the others than the one, and neither older nor younger, what shall we say? |
1687 | But can all this be true about the one? |
1687 | But can all this be true? |
1687 | But can anything which is in a certain state not be in that state without changing? |
1687 | But can it partake of being when not partaking of being, or not partake of being when partaking of being? |
1687 | But can one be in many places and yet be a whole? |
1687 | But can smallness be equal to anything or greater than anything, and have the functions of greatness and equality and not its own functions? |
1687 | But does one partake of time? |
1687 | But for that which partakes of nothing to partake of two things was held by us to be impossible? |
1687 | But having no parts, it will be neither straight nor round? |
1687 | But how can not- being, which is nowhere, move or change, either from one place to another or in the same place? |
1687 | But how can that which does not partake of sameness, have either the same measures or have anything else the same? |
1687 | But if anything is other than anything, will it not be other than other? |
1687 | But if it be not altered it can not be moved? |
1687 | But if it becomes or is for an equal time with itself, it is of the same age with itself? |
1687 | But if it is at all and so long as it is, it must be one, and can not be none? |
1687 | But if one is, and both odd and even numbers are implied in one, must not every number exist? |
1687 | But if one is, what happens to the others, which in the first place are not one, yet may partake of one in a certain way? |
1687 | But if one is, what will happen to the others-- is not that also to be considered? |
1687 | But if the one moved in place, must it not either move round and round in the same place, or from one place to another? |
1687 | But if the one neither suffers alteration, nor turns round in the same place, nor changes place, can it still be capable of motion? |
1687 | But if the whole is neither in one, nor in more than one, nor in all of the parts, it must be in something else, or cease to be anywhere at all? |
1687 | But if there be only one, and not two, there will be no contact? |
1687 | But if they are not other, either by reason of themselves or of the other, will they not altogether escape being other than one another? |
1687 | But is the contradiction also the final conclusion? |
1687 | But is the one other than one? |
1687 | But may not the ideas, asked Socrates, be thoughts only, and have no proper existence except in our minds, Parmenides? |
1687 | But neither can the one be in anything, as we affirm? |
1687 | But perhaps the motion of the one consists in change of place? |
1687 | But reflect:--Can one, in its entirety, be in many places at the same time? |
1687 | But since it is not equal to the others, neither can the others be equal to it? |
1687 | But since the one partakes of time, and partakes of becoming older and younger, must it not also partake of the past, the present, and the future? |
1687 | But surely if it is nowhere among what is, as is the fact, since it is not, it can not change from one place to another? |
1687 | But that which is never in the same place is never quiet or at rest? |
1687 | But that which is not admits of no attribute or relation? |
1687 | But the ideas themselves, as you admit, we have not, and can not have? |
1687 | But the one did not partake of those affections? |
1687 | But the one, as appears, never being affected otherwise, is never unlike itself or other? |
1687 | But then, again, a beginning and an end are the limits of everything? |
1687 | But then, that which contains must be other than that which is contained? |
1687 | But then, will God, having absolute knowledge, have a knowledge of human things? |
1687 | But to speak of the others implies difference-- the terms''other''and''different''are synonymous? |
1687 | But we said that things which are neither parts nor wholes of one another, nor other than one another, will be the same with one another:--so we said? |
1687 | But what do you say to a new point of view? |
1687 | But when do all these changes take place? |
1687 | But why do you ask?'' |
1687 | But why? |
1687 | But, again, assume the opposite hypothesis, that the one is not, and what is the consequence? |
1687 | But, again, the middle will be equidistant from the extremes; or it would not be in the middle? |
1687 | But, consider:--Are not the absolute same, and the absolute other, opposites to one another? |
1687 | But, surely, it ought to be one and not many? |
1687 | But, surely, that which is must always be somewhere? |
1687 | But, then, what is to become of philosophy? |
1687 | Can the one have come into being contrary to its own nature, or is that impossible? |
1687 | Can there be any other mode of participation? |
1687 | Do not the words''is not''signify absence of being in that to which we apply them? |
1687 | Do they participate in the ideas, or do they merely resemble them? |
1687 | Do you see my meaning? |
1687 | Do you see then, Socrates, how great is the difficulty of affirming the ideas to be absolute? |
1687 | Does not this hypothesis necessarily imply that one is of such a nature as to have parts? |
1687 | Does the one also partake of time? |
1687 | For all which reasons the one touches and does not touch itself and the others? |
1687 | For can anything be a whole without these three? |
1687 | Further, inasmuch as the parts are parts of a whole, the one, as a whole, will be limited; for are not the parts contained by the whole? |
1687 | Further, it must surely in a sort partake of being? |
1687 | Further-- is the one equal and unequal to itself and others? |
1687 | Here is the great though unconscious truth( shall we say?) |
1687 | How can he have ever persisted in them after seeing the fatal objections which might be urged against them? |
1687 | How can he have placed himself so completely without them? |
1687 | How can it? |
1687 | How can there be? |
1687 | How can they be? |
1687 | How can we conceive Him under the forms of time and space, who is out of time and space? |
1687 | How can we imagine His relation to the world or to ourselves? |
1687 | How could they investigate causes, when they had not as yet learned to distinguish between a cause and an end? |
1687 | How could they make any progress in the sciences without first arranging them? |
1687 | How could they? |
1687 | How do you mean? |
1687 | How do you mean? |
1687 | How do you mean? |
1687 | How do you mean? |
1687 | How get rid of such forms and see Him as He is? |
1687 | How is that? |
1687 | How is that? |
1687 | How is that? |
1687 | How is that? |
1687 | How not? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How so? |
1687 | How then can one, being of this nature, be either older or younger than anything, or have the same age with it? |
1687 | How then, without a word of explanation, could Plato assign to them the refutation of their own tenets? |
1687 | How, while mankind were disputing about universals, could they classify phenomena? |
1687 | How? |
1687 | How? |
1687 | I may take as an illustration the case of names: You give a name to a thing? |
1687 | If God is not, what follows?'' |
1687 | If it be co- extensive with the one it will be co- equal with the one, or if containing the one it will be greater than the one? |
1687 | If one is not, we ask what will happen in respect of one? |
1687 | If one is, being must be predicated of it? |
1687 | If one is, he said, the one can not be many? |
1687 | If then it be neither other, nor a whole, nor a part in relation to itself, must it not be the same with itself? |
1687 | If there are three and twice, there is twice three; and if there are two and thrice, there is thrice two? |
1687 | If, then, smallness is present in the one it will be present either in the whole or in a part of the whole? |
1687 | In all that you say have you any other purpose except to disprove the being of the many? |
1687 | In the first place, the others will not be one? |
1687 | In this way-- you may speak of being? |
1687 | In what way? |
1687 | In what way? |
1687 | In what way? |
1687 | Is it or does it become older or younger than they? |
1687 | Is it or does it become older or younger than they? |
1687 | Is not that true? |
1687 | Is that your meaning, or have I misunderstood you? |
1687 | Is there a difference only, or rather are not the two expressions-- if the one is not, and if the not one is not, entirely opposed? |
1687 | Is there any of these which is a part of being, and yet no part? |
1687 | Is this true of becoming as well as being? |
1687 | It can not therefore experience the sort of motion which is change of nature? |
1687 | It is otherwise with the objection which follows: How are we to bridge the chasm between human truth and absolute truth, between gods and men? |
1687 | Just as in a picture things appear to be all one to a person standing at a distance, and to be in the same state and alike? |
1687 | Let us see:--Must not the being of one be other than one? |
1687 | May we say, in Platonic language, that we still seem to see vestiges of a track which has not yet been taken? |
1687 | Must it not be of a single something, which the thought recognizes as attaching to all, being a single form or nature? |
1687 | Must not the one be distinct from the others, and the others from the one? |
1687 | Nor as like or unlike? |
1687 | Nor can it turn on the same spot, for it nowhere touches the same, for the same is, and that which is not can not be reckoned among things that are? |
1687 | Nor can knowledge, or opinion, or perception, or expression, or name, or any other thing that is, have any concern with it? |
1687 | Nor can we say that it stands, if it is nowhere; for that which stands must always be in one and the same spot? |
1687 | Nor is there any existing thing which can be attributed to it; for if there had been, it would partake of being? |
1687 | Nor yet likeness nor difference, either in relation to itself or to others? |
1687 | Now that which is unmoved must surely be at rest, and that which is at rest must stand still? |
1687 | Now there can not possibly be anything which is not included in the one and the others? |
1687 | Of something which is or which is not? |
1687 | Once more, Is one equal and unequal to itself and the others? |
1687 | Once more, can one be older or younger than itself or other? |
1687 | Once more, if one is not, what becomes of the others? |
1687 | Once more, let us ask the question, If one is not, what happens in regard to one? |
1687 | Once more, let us inquire, If the one is not, and the others of the one are, what follows? |
1687 | One then, as would seem, is neither at rest nor in motion? |
1687 | One, then, alone is one, and two do not exist? |
1687 | Or can thought be without thought?'' |
1687 | Other means other than other, and different, different from the different? |
1687 | Parmenides proceeded: And would you also make absolute ideas of the just and the beautiful and the good, and of all that class? |
1687 | Secondly, the others differ from it, or it could not be described as different from the others? |
1687 | Shall I begin with myself, and take my own hypothesis the one? |
1687 | Shall I propose the youngest? |
1687 | Shall I propose the youngest? |
1687 | Shall we say as of being so also of becoming, or otherwise? |
1687 | Since it is not a part in relation to itself it can not be related to itself as whole to part? |
1687 | Since then what is partakes of not- being, and what is not of being, must not the one also partake of being in order not to be? |
1687 | So that the other is not the same-- either with the one or with being? |
1687 | Suppose the first; it will be either co- equal and co- extensive with the whole one, or will contain the one? |
1687 | The expression''is not''implies negation of being:--do we mean by this to say that a thing, which is not, in a certain sense is? |
1687 | The one itself, then, having been broken up into parts by being, is many and infinite? |
1687 | The one then, being of this nature, is of necessity both at rest and in motion? |
1687 | The one then, since it in no way is, can not have or lose or assume being in any way? |
1687 | The one was shown to be in itself which was a whole? |
1687 | The one, then, becoming and being the same time with itself, neither is nor becomes older or younger than itself? |
1687 | The one, then, will be equal to and greater and less than itself and the others? |
1687 | The theory, then, that other things participate in the ideas by resemblance, has to be given up, and some other mode of participation devised? |
1687 | The thought must be of something? |
1687 | Then I will begin again, and ask: If one is not, what are the consequences? |
1687 | Then being is distributed over the whole multitude of things, and nothing that is, however small or however great, is devoid of it? |
1687 | Then can the motion of the one be in place? |
1687 | Then do you think that the whole idea is one, and yet, being one, is in each one of the many? |
1687 | Then each individual partakes either of the whole of the idea or else of a part of the idea? |
1687 | Then everything which is and is not in a certain state, implies change? |
1687 | Then if one is not, the others neither are, nor can be conceived to be either one or many? |
1687 | Then if one is, number must also be? |
1687 | Then if the one is neither greater nor less than the others, it can not either exceed or be exceeded by them? |
1687 | Then in respect of any kind of motion the one is immoveable? |
1687 | Then in what way, Socrates, will all things participate in the ideas, if they are unable to participate in them either as parts or wholes? |
1687 | Then it can not be like another, or like itself? |
1687 | Then it can not move by changing place? |
1687 | Then it does not partake of time, and is not in any time? |
1687 | Then it has the greatest number of parts? |
1687 | Then it is never in the same? |
1687 | Then it is not altered at all; for if it were it would become and be destroyed? |
1687 | Then it will not be the same with other, or other than itself? |
1687 | Then its coming into being in anything is still more impossible; is it not? |
1687 | Then let us begin again, and ask, If one is, what must be the affections of the others? |
1687 | Then may we not sum up the argument in a word and say truly: If one is not, then nothing is? |
1687 | Then neither does the one touch the others, nor the others the one, if there is no contact? |
1687 | Then none of the ideas are known to us, because we have no share in absolute knowledge? |
1687 | Then not by virtue of being one will it be other? |
1687 | Then not only the one which has being is many, but the one itself distributed by being, must also be many? |
1687 | Then now we have spoken of either of them? |
1687 | Then one can not be anywhere, either in itself or in another? |
1687 | Then one can not be older or younger, or of the same age, either with itself or with another? |
1687 | Then one is never in the same place? |
1687 | Then shall we say that the one, being in this relation to the not- one, is the same with it? |
1687 | Then since the one becomes older than itself, it becomes younger at the same time? |
1687 | Then smallness can not be in the whole of one, but, if at all, in a part only? |
1687 | Then that which becomes older than itself must also, at the same time, become younger than itself? |
1687 | Then that which has greatness and smallness also has equality, which lies between them? |
1687 | Then that which is one is both a whole and has a part? |
1687 | Then the inference is that it would touch both? |
1687 | Then the least is the first? |
1687 | Then the nature of the beautiful in itself, and of the good in itself, and all other ideas which we suppose to exist absolutely, are unknown to us? |
1687 | Then the one always both is and becomes older and younger than itself? |
1687 | Then the one and the others are never in the same? |
1687 | Then the one attaches to every single part of being, and does not fail in any part, whether great or small, or whatever may be the size of it? |
1687 | Then the one being always itself in itself and other, must always be both at rest and in motion? |
1687 | Then the one can never be so affected as to be the same either with another or with itself? |
1687 | Then the one can not have parts, and can not be a whole? |
1687 | Then the one can not possibly partake of being? |
1687 | Then the one can not touch itself any more than it can be two? |
1687 | Then the one has been shown to be at once in itself and in another? |
1687 | Then the one if it has being is one and many, whole and parts, having limits and yet unlimited in number? |
1687 | Then the one is always becoming older than itself, since it moves forward in time? |
1687 | Then the one is not at all? |
1687 | Then the one is younger than itself, when in becoming older it reaches the present? |
1687 | Then the one must have likeness to itself? |
1687 | Then the one partakes of inequality, and in respect of this the others are unequal to it? |
1687 | Then the one that is not has no condition of any kind? |
1687 | Then the one that is not is altered and is not altered? |
1687 | Then the one that is not, since it in no way partakes of being, neither perishes nor becomes? |
1687 | Then the one that is not, stands still, and is also in motion? |
1687 | Then the one was and is and will be, and was becoming and is becoming and will become? |
1687 | Then the one will be equal both to itself and the others? |
1687 | Then the one will be other than the others? |
1687 | Then the one will have unlikeness in respect of which the others are unlike it? |
1687 | Then the one will never be either like or unlike itself or other? |
1687 | Then the one will not be in the others as a whole, nor as part, if it be separated from the others, and has no parts? |
1687 | Then the one will partake of figure, either rectilinear or round, or a union of the two? |
1687 | Then the one would have parts and would be many, if it partook either of a straight or of a circular form? |
1687 | Then the one, being moved, is altered? |
1687 | Then the one, being of this nature, can not be in time at all; for must not that which is in time, be always growing older than itself? |
1687 | Then the one, having neither beginning nor end, is unlimited? |
1687 | Then the one, if it is not, can not turn in that in which it is not? |
1687 | Then the one, if it is not, clearly has being? |
1687 | Then the one, if it is to touch itself, ought to be situated next to itself, and occupy the place next to that in which itself is? |
1687 | Then the one, if of such a nature, has greatness and smallness? |
1687 | Then the one, since it partakes of being, partakes of time? |
1687 | Then the one, which is not, partakes, as would appear, of greatness and smallness and equality? |
1687 | Then the other will never be either in the not- one, or in the one? |
1687 | Then the others are both like and unlike themselves and one another? |
1687 | Then the others are neither one nor two, nor are they called by the name of any number? |
1687 | Then the others neither are nor contain two or three, if entirely deprived of the one? |
1687 | Then there is always something between them? |
1687 | Then there is no name, nor expression, nor perception, nor opinion, nor knowledge of it? |
1687 | Then there is no way in which the others are one, or have in themselves any unity? |
1687 | Then there is no way in which the others can partake of the one, if they do not partake either in whole or in part? |
1687 | Then they are separated from each other? |
1687 | Then they have no number, if they have no one in them? |
1687 | Then we can not suppose that there is anything different from them in which both the one and the others might exist? |
1687 | Then we must say that the one which is not never stands still and never moves? |
1687 | Then we will begin at the beginning:--If one is, can one be, and not partake of being? |
1687 | Then will the same ever be in the other, or the other in the same? |
1687 | Then will they not appear to be like and unlike? |
1687 | Then will you, Zeno? |
1687 | Then would you like to say, Socrates, that the one idea is really divisible and yet remains one? |
1687 | Then, if the individuals of the pair are together two, they must be severally one? |
1687 | Then, if the one is to remain one, it will not be a whole, and will not have parts? |
1687 | Then, if there are to be others, there is something than which they will be other? |
1687 | Then, in either case, the one would be made up of parts; both as being a whole, and also as having parts? |
1687 | Then, in so far as the one that is not is moved, it is altered, but in so far as it is not moved, it is not altered? |
1687 | Then, that which is not can not be, or in any way participate in being? |
1687 | There are two, and twice, and therefore there must be twice two; and there are three, and there is thrice, and therefore there must be thrice three? |
1687 | There is a natural realism which says,''Can there be a word devoid of meaning, or an idea which is an idea of nothing?'' |
1687 | There is an ethical universal or idea, but is there also a universal of physics?--of the meanest things in the world as well as of the greatest? |
1687 | They do so then as multitudes in which the one is not present? |
1687 | Thus the one that is not has been shown to have motion also, because it changes from being to not- being? |
1687 | Thus, then, as appears, the one will be other than itself? |
1687 | Thus, then, the one becomes older as well as younger than itself? |
1687 | Two things, then, at the least are necessary to make contact possible? |
1687 | We mean to say, that being has not the same significance as one? |
1687 | We say that the one partakes of being and therefore it is? |
1687 | We say that we have to work out together all the consequences, whatever they may be, which follow, if the one is? |
1687 | Welcome, Cephalus, said Adeimantus, taking me by the hand; is there anything which we can do for you in Athens? |
1687 | Well, and do we suppose that one can be older, or younger than anything, or of the same age with it? |
1687 | Well, and if nothing should be attributed to it, can other things be attributed to it? |
1687 | Well, and must not a beginning or any other part of the one or of anything, if it be a part and not parts, being a part, be also of necessity one? |
1687 | Well, and ought we not to consider next what will be the consequence if the one is not? |
1687 | Well, and when I speak of being and one, I speak of them both? |
1687 | Well, but do not the expressions''was,''and''has become,''and''was becoming,''signify a participation of past time? |
1687 | Well, said Parmenides, and what do you say of another question? |
1687 | Well, then, if anything be other than anything, will it not be other than that which is other? |
1687 | What difficulty? |
1687 | What direction? |
1687 | What do you mean, Parmenides? |
1687 | What do you mean? |
1687 | What do you mean? |
1687 | What do you mean? |
1687 | What is it? |
1687 | What is the meaning of the hypothesis-- If the one is not; is there any difference between this and the hypothesis-- If the not one is not? |
1687 | What may that be? |
1687 | What of that? |
1687 | What question? |
1687 | What thing? |
1687 | What would you say of another question? |
1687 | What? |
1687 | When does motion become rest, or rest motion? |
1687 | When then does it change; for it can not change either when at rest, or when in motion, or when in time? |
1687 | Whenever, then, you use the word''other,''whether once or oftener, you name that of which it is the name, and to no other do you give the name? |
1687 | Where shall I begin? |
1687 | Whither shall we turn, if the ideas are unknown? |
1687 | Why not, Parmenides? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why not? |
1687 | Why so? |
1687 | Why, because the round is that of which all the extreme points are equidistant from the centre? |
1687 | Yes, he said, and the name of our brother, Antiphon; but why do you ask? |
1687 | Yet once more; if one is not, what becomes of the others? |
1687 | You mean to say, that if I were to spread out a sail and cover a number of men, there would be one whole including many-- is not that your meaning? |
1687 | and consider the consequences which follow on the supposition either of the being or of the not- being of one? |
1687 | and is this your own distinction?'' |
1687 | and when more than once, is it something else which you mention? |
1687 | and where are the reasoning and reflecting powers? |
1687 | for the one is not being, but, considered as one, only partook of being? |
1687 | for the same whole can not do and suffer both at once; and if so, one will be no longer one, but two? |
1687 | is the one wanting to being, or being to the one? |
1687 | or do we mean absolutely to deny being of it? |
1687 | or do we mean, absolutely, that what is not has in no sort or way or kind participation of being? |
1687 | or must it always be the same thing of which you speak, whether you utter the name once or more than once? |
1687 | or of the same age with itself or other? |
1687 | would not that of which no part is wanting be a whole? |
1726 | ''And he who remembers, remembers that which he sees and knows?'' |
1726 | ''And he who sees knows?'' |
1726 | ''And if you say"Yes,"the tongue will escape conviction but not the mind, as Euripides would say?'' |
1726 | ''But Protagoras will retort:"Can anything be more or less without addition or subtraction?"'' |
1726 | ''But if he closes his eyes, does he not remember?'' |
1726 | ''Excellent; I want you to grow, and therefore I will leave that answer and ask another question: Is not seeing perceiving?'' |
1726 | ''That I should expect; but why did he not remain at Megara?'' |
1726 | ''What do you mean, Socrates?'' |
1726 | ''What do you mean?'' |
1726 | ''What may that be?'' |
1726 | ''Why, Socrates, how can you argue at all without using them?'' |
1726 | ( b) Would he have based the relativity of knowledge on the Heraclitean flux? |
1726 | ( c) Would he have asserted the absoluteness of sensation at each instant? |
1726 | --That will be our answer? |
1726 | Am I not right, Theaetetus, and is not this your new- born child, of which I have delivered you? |
1726 | Am I not right? |
1726 | Am I not right? |
1726 | And could you repeat the conversation?'' |
1726 | And do you not like the taste of them in the mouth? |
1726 | And has Plato kept altogether clear of a confusion, which the analogous word logos tends to create, of a proposition and a definition? |
1726 | And how can any one be ignorant of either of them, and yet know both of them? |
1726 | And if they differ in opinion, which of them is likely to be right; or are they both right? |
1726 | And is not the confusion increased by the use of the analogous term''elements,''or''letters''? |
1726 | And now, what are you saying?--Are there two sorts of opinion, one true and the other false; and do you define knowledge to be the true? |
1726 | And so we must ask again, What is knowledge? |
1726 | And so you are satisfied that false opinion is heterodoxy, or the thought of something else? |
1726 | And so, Theaetetus, knowledge is neither sensation nor true opinion, nor yet definition and explanation accompanying and added to true opinion? |
1726 | And the same of perceiving: do you understand me? |
1726 | And therefore let us draw nearer, as the advocate of Protagoras desires; and give the truth of the universal flux a ring: is the theory sound or not? |
1726 | And what other case is conceivable, upon the supposition that we either know or do not know all things? |
1726 | And yet is not the all that of which nothing is wanting? |
1726 | Are its movements identical with those of the body, or only preconcerted and coincident with them, or is one simply an aspect of the other? |
1726 | Are not these speculations charming, Theaetetus, and very good for a person in your interesting situation? |
1726 | Are you so profoundly convinced of this? |
1726 | Are you still in labour, or have you brought all you have to say about knowledge to the birth? |
1726 | But I should like to know, Socrates, whether you mean to say that all this is untrue?'' |
1726 | But are we not inverting the natural order in looking for opinion before we have found knowledge? |
1726 | But did you ever say to yourself, that good is evil, or evil good? |
1726 | But do you begin to see what is the explanation of this perplexity on the hypothesis which we attribute to Protagoras? |
1726 | But have we not escaped one difficulty only to encounter a greater? |
1726 | But here we are met by a singular difficulty: How is false opinion possible? |
1726 | But how can he who knows the forms of knowledge and the forms of ignorance imagine one to be the other? |
1726 | But how can the syllable be known if the letter remains unknown? |
1726 | But how is false opinion possible? |
1726 | But if knowledge is perception, how can we distinguish between the true and the false in such cases? |
1726 | But is true opinion really distinct from knowledge? |
1726 | But may there not be''heterodoxy,''or transference of opinion;--I mean, may not one thing be supposed to be another? |
1726 | But still an old difficulty recurs; we ask ourselves,''How is false opinion possible?'' |
1726 | But tell me, Socrates, in heaven''s name, is this, after all, not the truth? |
1726 | But then, as Plato asks,--and we must repeat the question,--What becomes of the mind? |
1726 | But what is SO? |
1726 | But what is the third definition? |
1726 | But when the word''knowledge''was found how was it to be explained or defined? |
1726 | But why did he go on, instead of stopping at Megara? |
1726 | But would this hold in any parallel case? |
1726 | But, as we are at our wits''end, suppose that we do a shameless thing? |
1726 | But, seeing that we are no great wits, shall I venture to say what knowing is? |
1726 | Can a man see and see nothing? |
1726 | Can a whole be something different from the parts? |
1726 | Can two unknowns make a known? |
1726 | Can we answer that question? |
1726 | Can we suppose one set of feelings or one part of the mind to interpret another? |
1726 | Could he have pretended to cite from a well- known writing what was not to be found there? |
1726 | Did Protagoras merely mean to assert the relativity of knowledge to the human mind? |
1726 | Did you ever hear that too? |
1726 | Do we not seem to perceive instinctively and as an act of sense the differences of articulate speech and of musical notes? |
1726 | Do you agree? |
1726 | Do you know the original principle on which the doctrine of Protagoras is based?'' |
1726 | Do you see, Theaetetus, the bearings of this tale on the preceding argument? |
1726 | Do you suppose that what is one is ever to be found among non- existing things? |
1726 | Does it differ as subject and object in the same manner? |
1726 | Does not explanation appear to be of this nature? |
1726 | EUCLID: Have you only just arrived from the country, Terpsion? |
1726 | Even in sleep, did you ever imagine that odd was even? |
1726 | For an objection occurs to him:--May there not be errors where there is no confusion of mind and sense? |
1726 | For how can the exchange of two kinds of knowledge ever become false opinion? |
1726 | For how can we know a compound of which the simple elements are unknown to us? |
1726 | For if the Heraclitean flux is extended to every sort of change in every instant of time, how can any thought or word be detained even for an instant? |
1726 | For must not opinion be equally expressed in a proposition? |
1726 | He asks whether a man can know and not know at the same time? |
1726 | How can a man understand the name of anything, when he does not know the nature of it? |
1726 | How can you or any one maintain the contrary? |
1726 | How is this? |
1726 | How will Protagoras answer this argument? |
1726 | I dare say that you agree with me, do you not? |
1726 | I have, I fear, a tedious way of putting a simple question, which is only, whether a man who has learned, and remembers, can fail to know? |
1726 | I hope, Theodorus, that I am not betrayed into rudeness by my love of conversation? |
1726 | I suppose, Theodorus, that you have never seen them in time of peace, when they discourse at leisure to their disciples? |
1726 | I will endeavour, however, to explain what I believe to be my meaning: When you speak of cobbling, you mean the art or science of making shoes? |
1726 | I will make my meaning clearer by an example:--You admit that there is an art of arithmetic? |
1726 | If all that exists in time is illusion, we may well ask with Plato,''What becomes of the mind?'' |
1726 | In what does this differ from the saying of Theaetetus? |
1726 | Is he to be reared in any case, and not exposed? |
1726 | Is it not one which would task the powers of men perfect in every way? |
1726 | Is it not so? |
1726 | Is not the world full of men in their several employments, who are looking for teachers and rulers of themselves and of the animals? |
1726 | Is not this a"reductio ad absurdum"of the hypothesis that knowledge is sensible perception? |
1726 | Is the introspecting thought the same with the thought which is introspected? |
1726 | Is the mind active or passive, or partly both? |
1726 | Is there any stopping in the act of seeing and hearing? |
1726 | Is there only one kind of motion, or, as I rather incline to think, two? |
1726 | Is there some other form of knowledge which distinguishes them? |
1726 | Let us grant what you say-- then, according to you, he who takes ignorance will have a false opinion-- am I right? |
1726 | Man, he says, is the measure of all things, of the existence of things that are, and of the non- existence of things that are not:--You have read him? |
1726 | Must he not be talking''ad captandum''in all this? |
1726 | Must he not see, hear, or touch some one existing thing? |
1726 | Nay, not even in sleep, did you ever venture to say to yourself that odd is even, or anything of the kind? |
1726 | O Theaetetus, are not these speculations sweet as honey? |
1726 | O Theodorus, do you think that there is any use in proceeding when the danger is so great? |
1726 | Once more then, Theaetetus, I repeat my old question--"What is knowledge?" |
1726 | Once more, then, Theaetetus, I repeat my old question,''What is knowledge?'' |
1726 | Or again, if we see letters which we do not understand, shall we say that we do not see them? |
1726 | Or are they both right?--he will have a heat and fever in his own judgment, and not have a fever in the physician''s judgment? |
1726 | Or did any man in his senses ever fancy that an ox was a horse, or that two are one? |
1726 | Or did he mean to deny that there is an objective standard of truth? |
1726 | Or where is the spectator having any right to censure or control us, as he might the poets? |
1726 | Or would he admit that a man is one at all, and not rather many and infinite as the changes which take place in him? |
1726 | Or would he hesitate to acknowledge that the same man may know and not know the same thing? |
1726 | Or would you say that a whole, although formed out of the parts, is a single notion different from all the parts? |
1726 | Or, if he is afraid of making this admission, would he ever grant that one who has become unlike is the same as before he became unlike? |
1726 | Plato discards both figures, as not really solving the question which to us appears so simple:''How do we make mistakes?'' |
1726 | Rather would it not be true that it never appears exactly the same to you, because you are never exactly the same? |
1726 | SOCRATES: According to this new view, the whole is supposed to differ from all? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Again, in speaking of all( in the plural) is there not one thing which we express? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Again, the number of the acre and the acre are the same; are they not? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Am I talking nonsense, then? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And I dare say too, or rather I am absolutely certain, that the midwives know better than others who is pregnant and who is not? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And I who am the patient, and that which is the agent, will produce something different in each of the two cases? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And also that different combinations will produce results which are not the same, but different? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And another and another? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And are you still in labour and travail, my dear friend, or have you brought all that you have to say about knowledge to the birth? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And astronomy and harmony and calculation? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And by wisdom the wise are wise? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And can a man attain truth who fails of attaining being? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And can he who misses the truth of anything, have a knowledge of that thing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And did you find such a class? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And do we mean by a syllable two letters, or if there are more, all of them, or a single idea which arises out of the combination of them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And do you mean by conceiving, the same which I mean? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And do you not remember that in your case and in that of others this often occurred in the process of learning to read? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And do you suppose that with women the case is otherwise? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And does he not allow that his own opinion is false, if he admits that the opinion of those who think him false is true? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And does not he who thinks some one thing, think something which is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And does not he who thinks, think some one thing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And does not my art show that you have brought forth wind, and that the offspring of your brain are not worth bringing up? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And does she not perceive the hardness of that which is hard by the touch, and the softness of that which is soft equally by the touch? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And have you never heard, simpleton, that I am the son of a midwife, brave and burly, whose name was Phaenarete? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And he can reckon abstract numbers in his head, or things about him which are numerable? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And he who hears anything, hears some one thing, and hears that which is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And he who thinks of nothing, does not think at all? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And he who touches anything, touches something which is one and therefore is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And how about Protagoras himself? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if any one were to ask you: With what does a man see black and white colours? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if he closed his eyes, would he forget? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if our recent definition holds, every man knows that which he has seen? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if they are to be in motion, and nothing is to be devoid of motion, all things must always have every sort of motion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if unlike, they are other? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And if we found that he was, we should take his word; and if not, not? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And in each form of expression we spoke of all the six? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And in like manner be may enumerate without knowing them the second and third and fourth syllables of your name? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And in that case, when he knows the order of the letters and can write them out correctly, he has right opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is Theodorus a painter? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is he an astronomer and calculator and musician, and in general an educated man? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is it not shameless when we do not know what knowledge is, to be explaining the verb''to know''? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is memory of something or of nothing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is not a whole likewise that from which nothing is absent? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is not the bodily habit spoiled by rest and idleness, but preserved for a long time by motion and exercise? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is not this also the reason why they are simple and indivisible? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is that different in any way from knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is the discovery of the nature of knowledge so small a matter, as just now said? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And is truth or falsehood to be determined by duration of time? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And may not the same be said of madness and other disorders? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And must therefore be admitted to be unlike? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And of true opinion also? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And seeing is knowing, and therefore not- seeing is not- knowing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And so, when the question is asked, What is knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And that I myself practise midwifery? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And that both are two and each of them one? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And that either of them is different from the other, and the same with itself? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And that is six? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And that which he does not know will sometimes not be perceived by him and sometimes will be perceived and only perceived? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And the army is the number of the army; and in all similar cases, the entire number of anything is the entire thing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And the number of each is the parts of each? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And the number of the stadium in like manner is the stadium? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And the race of animals is generated in the same way? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And the truth of Protagoras being doubted by all, will be true neither to himself to any one else? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And therefore not in science or knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And they are moved in both those ways which we distinguished, that is to say, they move in place and are also changed? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And to reckon is simply to consider how much such and such a number amounts to? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And to which class would you refer being or essence; for this, of all our notions, is the most universal? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And what name would you give to seeing, hearing, smelling, being cold and being hot? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And what of the mental habit? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of perceptions, such as sight and hearing, or any other kind of perception? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And when you speak of carpentering, you mean the art of making wooden implements? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And who could take up arms against such a great army having Homer for its general, and not appear ridiculous? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you call the two processes by the same name, when there is so great a difference between them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you not say that persuading them is making them have an opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you not say the same of Socrates sleeping and waking, or in any of the states which we were mentioning? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you say that all and the whole are the same, or different? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you say the same of the noble and base, and of good and evil? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And would you say this also of like and unlike, same and other? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And you allow and maintain that true opinion, combined with definition or rational explanation, is knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And you would admit that there is such a thing as memory? |
1726 | SOCRATES: And, in order to avoid this, we suppose it to be different from them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Attend to what follows: must not the perfect arithmetician know all numbers, for he has the science of all numbers in his mind? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But all the parts are admitted to be the all, if the entire number is the all? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But although we admit that he has right opinion, he will still be without knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But can he be ignorant of either singly and yet know both together? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But can you certainly determine by any other means which of these opinions is true? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But if it be one and indivisible, then the syllables and the letters are alike undefined and unknown, and for the same reason? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But if letters are not parts of syllables, can you tell me of any other parts of syllables, which are not letters? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But is a part a part of anything but the whole? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But is the aim attained always? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But is there any parallel to this? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But may not the following be the description of what we express by this name? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But must not the mind, or thinking power, which misplaces them, have a conception either of both objects or of one of them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But surely he can not suppose what he knows to be what he does not know, or what he does not know to be what he knows? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But then, my boy, how can any one contend that knowledge is perception, or that to every man what appears is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But through what do you perceive all this about them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But were we not saying that when a thing has parts, all the parts will be a whole and all? |
1726 | SOCRATES: But when I am sick, the wine really acts upon another and a different person? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Can a man see something and yet see nothing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Capital; and what followed? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Do you hear, Theaetetus, what Theodorus says? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Do you see another question which can be raised about these phenomena, notably about dreaming and waking? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Does he not say that things are to you such as they appear to you, and to me such as they appear to me, and that you and I are men? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Either together or in succession? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Exactly; and I want you to consider whether this does not imply that the twelve in the waxen block are supposed to be eleven? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Excellent; but then, how did he distinguish between things which are and are not''knowable''? |
1726 | SOCRATES: He knows, that is, the S and O? |
1726 | SOCRATES: He then who sees some one thing, sees something which is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: He who knows, can not but know; and he who does not know, can not know? |
1726 | SOCRATES: He will certainly not think that he has a false opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: He will think that his opinion is true, and he will fancy that he knows the things about which he has been deceived? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Herein lies the difficulty which I can never solve to my satisfaction-- What is knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: How about sounds and colours: in the first place you would admit that they both exist? |
1726 | SOCRATES: How can the exchange of one knowledge for another ever become false opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: How then, Protagoras, would you have us treat the argument? |
1726 | SOCRATES: How then, if I never err, and if my mind never trips in the conception of being or becoming, can I fail of knowing that which I perceive? |
1726 | SOCRATES: I think so too; for, suppose that some one asks you to spell the first syllable of my name:--Theaetetus, he says, what is SO? |
1726 | SOCRATES: I wish that you would give me a similar definition of the S. THEAETETUS: But how can any one, Socrates, tell the elements of an element? |
1726 | SOCRATES: If a man has both of them in his thoughts, he can not think that the one of them is the other? |
1726 | SOCRATES: If they only moved in place and were not changed, we should be able to say what is the nature of the things which are in motion and flux? |
1726 | SOCRATES: If you have any thought about both of them, this common perception can not come to you, either through the one or the other organ? |
1726 | SOCRATES: If, then, anything happens to become like or unlike itself or another, when it becomes like we call it the same-- when unlike, other? |
1726 | SOCRATES: In both cases you define the subject matter of each of the two arts? |
1726 | SOCRATES: In the first place, I should like to ask what you learn of Theodorus: something of geometry, perhaps? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Is he a geometrician? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Is it still worth our while to resume the discussion touching opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: It is possible then upon your view for the mind to conceive of one thing as another? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Let me offer an illustration: Suppose that a person were to ask about some very trivial and obvious thing-- for example, What is clay? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Let us take them and put them to the test, or rather, test ourselves:--What was the way in which we learned letters? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Let us take you and me, or anything as an example:--There is Socrates in health, and Socrates sick-- Are they like or unlike? |
1726 | SOCRATES: May we not pursue the image of the doves, and say that the chase after knowledge is of two kinds? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Neither, if he has one of them only in his mind and not the other, can he think that one is the other? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Nor of any other science? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Of things learned and perceived, that is? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Often a man remembers that which he has seen? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Once more we shall have to begin, and ask''What is knowledge?'' |
1726 | SOCRATES: Or that anything appears the same to you as to another man? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Perception would be the collective name of them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Quite true, Theaetetus, and therefore, according to our present view, a syllable must surely be some indivisible form? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Shall I tell you the reason? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Shall I tell you, Theodorus, what amazes me in your acquaintance Protagoras? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Shall we say that we know every thing which we see and hear? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Tell me, now-- How in that case could I have formed a judgment of you any more than of any one else? |
1726 | SOCRATES: That is good news; whose son is he? |
1726 | SOCRATES: That is of six? |
1726 | SOCRATES: That was my reason for asking how we ought to speak when an arithmetician sets about numbering, or a grammarian about reading? |
1726 | SOCRATES: The wine which I drink when I am in health, appears sweet and pleasant to me? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then as many things as have parts are made up of parts? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then do we not come back to the old difficulty? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then false opinion has no existence in us, either in the sphere of being or of knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then he who does not know what science or knowledge is, has no knowledge of the art or science of making shoes? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then he who thinks of that which is not, thinks of nothing? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then he will think that he has captured knowledge and not ignorance? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then in predicating the word''all''of things measured by number, we predicate at the same time a singular and a plural? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then is not the syllable in the same case as the elements or letters, if it has no parts and is one form? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then it must appear so to each of them? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then motion is a good, and rest an evil, to the soul as well as to the body? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then no one can think that which is not, either as a self- existent substance or as a predicate of something else? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then now let me ask the awful question, which is this:--Can a man know and also not know that which he knows? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then now we may admit the existence of false opinion in us? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then now, Theaetetus, take another view of the subject: you answered that knowledge is perception? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then perception is always of existence, and being the same as knowledge is unerring? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then perception, Theaetetus, can never be the same as knowledge or science? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then right opinion implies the perception of differences? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then the whole is not made up of parts, for it would be the all, if consisting of all the parts? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then they must be distinguished? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then to think falsely is different from thinking that which is not? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then when any one thinks of one thing as another, he is saying to himself that one thing is another? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then when we were asked what is knowledge, we no more answered what is knowledge than what is not knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then wisdom and knowledge are the same? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then you and Theodorus mean to say that we must look at the matter in some other way? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then, I suppose, my friend, that we have been so far right in our idea about knowledge? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Then, if that which acts upon me has relation to me and to no other, I and no other am the percipient of it? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Thus, then, the assertion that knowledge and perception are one, involves a manifest impossibility? |
1726 | SOCRATES: We have at length satisfactorily proven beyond a doubt there are these two sorts of opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, and shall we do as he says? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, and what is the difficulty? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, and what is the meaning of the term''explanation''? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, but are we to assert that what you think is true to you and false to the ten thousand others? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, but have we been right in maintaining that the syllables can be known, but not the letters? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, but is there any difference between all( in the plural) and the all( in the singular)? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, but will you not be equally inclined to disagree with him, when you remember your own experience in learning to read? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Well, may not a man''possess''and yet not''have''knowledge in the sense of which I am speaking? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Were we not saying that there are agents many and infinite, and patients many and infinite? |
1726 | SOCRATES: What definition will be most consistent with our former views? |
1726 | SOCRATES: What shall we say then? |
1726 | SOCRATES: What was it? |
1726 | SOCRATES: What was that, Theaetetus? |
1726 | SOCRATES: What, then, shall we say of adding reason or explanation to right opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Where, then, is false opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Whereas the other side do not admit that they speak falsely? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Which is probably correct-- for how can there be knowledge apart from definition and true opinion? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Which, as we say, has no part in the attainment of truth any more than of being? |
1726 | SOCRATES: Wisdom; are not men wise in that which they know? |
1726 | SOCRATES: You can further observe whether they are like or unlike one another? |
1726 | SOCRATES: You have heard the common explanation of the verb''to know''? |
1726 | Shall I answer for him? |
1726 | Shall I explain this matter to you or to Theaetetus? |
1726 | Shall we say that the opinions of men are always true, or sometimes true and sometimes false? |
1726 | Shall we say, that although he knows, he comes back to himself to learn what he already knows? |
1726 | Such are the lawyers; will you have the companion picture of philosophers? |
1726 | TERPSION: The dysentery, you mean? |
1726 | TERPSION: The prophecy has certainly been fulfilled; but what was the conversation? |
1726 | TERPSION: Was he alive or dead? |
1726 | TERPSION: Where then? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: About what? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: And do you not agree in that view, Socrates? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: And how would you amend the former statement? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: And is not that, Socrates, nobly said? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: And was that wrong? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: And why should that be shameless? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: As for example, Socrates...? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: But if you avoid these expressions, Socrates, how will you ever argue at all? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: But what puts you out of heart? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Can you give me any example of such a definition? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How can he? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How could it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How do the two expressions differ? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How is that, and what profession do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How so? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: How? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: I am glad to hear it, Socrates; but what if he was only in jest? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: I should call all of them perceiving-- what other name could be given to them? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: I should reply S and O. SOCRATES: That is the definition which you would give of the syllable? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: In what manner? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Let us imagine such an aviary-- and what is to follow? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Pray what is it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Tell me; what were you going to say just now, when you asked the question? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Then what is colour? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: To what are you alluding? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What are they? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What experience? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What hostages? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What is it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What is that? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What makes you say so? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What makes you say so? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What question? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What was it? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: What? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Who indeed, Socrates? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Who, Socrates, would dare to say so? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: Why? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: You mean that I mistook the letters and misspelt the syllables? |
1726 | THEAETETUS: You mean to compare Socrates in health as a whole, and Socrates in sickness as a whole? |
1726 | THEODORUS: How could I fail to observe all that, Socrates? |
1726 | THEODORUS: How shall we answer, Theaetetus? |
1726 | THEODORUS: How so? |
1726 | THEODORUS: In what is the difference seen? |
1726 | THEODORUS: In what way? |
1726 | THEODORUS: Well, but is not Theaetetus better able to follow a philosophical enquiry than a great many men who have long beards? |
1726 | THEODORUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1726 | THEODORUS: What do you mean? |
1726 | THEODORUS: What is it? |
1726 | THEODORUS: What is that? |
1726 | THEODORUS: Who indeed? |
1726 | Tell me, then, are not the organs through which you perceive warm and hard and light and sweet, organs of the body? |
1726 | Tell me, then, what do you think of the notion that"All things are becoming"?'' |
1726 | Tell me, then, whether I am right in saying that you may learn a thing which at one time you did not know? |
1726 | The mind, when occupied by herself with being, is said to have opinion-- shall we say that''Knowledge is true opinion''? |
1726 | The multitude may not and do not agree in Protagoras''own thesis that''Man is the measure of all things;''and then who is to decide? |
1726 | They would say, as I imagine-- Can that which is wholly other than something, have the same quality as that from which it differs? |
1726 | Think: is not seeing perceiving, and is not sight perception? |
1726 | Upon his own showing must not his''truth''depend on the number of suffrages, and be more or less true in proportion as he has more or fewer of them? |
1726 | Was that the form in which the dream appeared to you? |
1726 | We are often told that we should enquire into all things before we accept them;--with what limitations is this true? |
1726 | Weary of asking''What is truth?'' |
1726 | Well, you ask, and how will Protagoras reinforce his position? |
1726 | Were not you and Theodorus just now remarking very truly, that in discussions of this kind we may take our own time? |
1726 | What are we to say in reply, Theaetetus? |
1726 | What are we to think of time and space? |
1726 | What do they mean when they say that all things are in motion? |
1726 | What say you? |
1726 | What say you? |
1726 | What then is knowledge? |
1726 | What then is knowledge? |
1726 | What then is knowledge? |
1726 | When he says that''knowledge is in perception,''with what does he perceive? |
1726 | Who can divide the nerves or great nervous centres from the mind which uses them? |
1726 | Who can resist an idea which is presented to him in a general form in every moment of his life and of which he finds no instance to the contrary? |
1726 | Who can separate the pains and pleasures of the mind from the pains and pleasures of the body? |
1726 | Who is our judge? |
1726 | Who is the judge or where is the spectator, having a right to control us?'' |
1726 | Why should we not go a step further still and doubt the existence of the senses of all things? |
1726 | Why should we single out one of these abstractions to be the a priori condition of all the others? |
1726 | Will you answer me a question:''Is not learning growing wiser about that which you learn?'' |
1726 | Will you have the companion picture of the philosopher, who is of our brotherhood; or shall we return to the argument? |
1726 | Without further preface, but at the same time apologizing for his eagerness, he asks,''What is knowledge?'' |
1726 | Would an untrained man, for example, be as likely to know when he is going to have a fever, as the physician who attended him? |
1726 | Yes; but did you observe that Protagoras bade me be serious, and complained of our getting up a laugh against him with the aid of a boy? |
1726 | You remember? |
1726 | and another, and another? |
1726 | and of what sort do you mean? |
1726 | and yet, Theaetetus, what are we going to do? |
1726 | and, first of all, are we right in saying that syllables have a definition, but that letters have no definition? |
1726 | can you tell me? |
1726 | do not mistakes often happen? |
1726 | for example, shall we say that not having learned, we do not hear the language of foreigners when they speak to us? |
1726 | for what reason? |
1726 | here are six dice; they are more than four and less than twelve;"more and also less,"would you not say?'' |
1726 | or hear and hear nothing? |
1726 | or shall we aver that, seeing them, we must know them? |
1726 | or shall we say that we not only hear, but know what they are saying? |
1726 | or the one which he does not know to be the one which he knows? |
1726 | or touch and touch nothing? |
1726 | or will this be too much of a digression? |
1726 | or will you bear to see him rejected, and not get into a passion if I take away your first- born? |
1726 | or, if he knows neither of them, can he think that the one which he knows not is another which he knows not? |
1726 | or, if he knows one and not the other, can he think the one which he knows to be the one which he does not know? |
1726 | the sound of words or the sight of letters in a foreign tongue?'' |
1726 | what is temperance? |
1726 | which of us will speak first? |
3052 | Why,says he,"do we tire ourselves in taking such care of ourselves, in desiring and longing after certain things, and shunning and avoiding others? |
3052 | ( See"Phaedrus,"p. 246 D.) Is it because the discourse is of love, and love is of beauty inherent in a body? |
3052 | 128):-- How long, my son, wilt thou thy soul consume with grief an mourning? |
3052 | 128):-- How long, my son, wilt thou thy soul consume with grief and mourning? |
3052 | 171):-- What doom overcame thee of death that lays men at their length? |
3052 | 193):-- Up to this time he revolved these things in his mind and heart, that is, the intelligent part and what is opposed to it? |
3052 | 243):-- Why stand ye thus like timid fawns? |
3052 | 298):--- Or hast thou not heard what renown the goodly Orestes got among all men in that he slew the slayer of his father? |
3052 | 40):-- How canst thou hope the sons of Greece shall prove Such heartless cowards as thy words suppose? |
3052 | 7):-- Why weep over Patroclus as a girl? |
3052 | 7):-- Why weeps Patroelus like an infant girl? |
3052 | ============= And what meal is not expensive? |
3052 | AND ALSO, WHY DO THE ATHENIANS OMIT THE SECOND DAY OF THE MONTH BOEDROMION? |
3052 | AND ALSO, WHY, WHEN TWO ACCORDANT STRINGS ARE TOUCHED TOGETHER, IS THE MELODY ASCRIBED TO THE BASE? |
3052 | AND WHICH OF THE SECTIONS, THE INTELLIGIBLE OR THE SENSIBLE, IS THE GREATER? |
3052 | AND WHY DO THOSE SEEDS THAT FALL ON THE OXEN''S HORNS BECOME[ Greek omitted]? |
3052 | Again, Euripides saith, How can that man be called a slave, who slights Ev''n death itself, which servile spirits frights? |
3052 | And Aristo presently cried out: What then, for heaven''s sake, are there any that banish philosophy from company and wine? |
3052 | And Bias said: For where or in what company would a man more joyfully adventure to give his opinion than here in this? |
3052 | And are not then the evening, dawning, and midnight bodies? |
3052 | And are these things according to Nature chosen as good, or as having some fitness or preferences... either for this end or for something else? |
3052 | And at private entertainments among friends, for whom doth the table more justly make room or Bacchus give place than for Menander? |
3052 | And being deprived of some of his senses, does he not become weary even of life? |
3052 | And can we produce nothing from history to club to this discourse? |
3052 | And can you( looking upon me) offer any better reason? |
3052 | And could not Jupiter have found a means to bring into the world Hercules and Lycurgus, if he had not also made for us Sardanapalus and Phalaris? |
3052 | And do not you take away that which is apparent to all the world, that the young are contained in the nature of their parents? |
3052 | And do they not also determine the substance and generation of conception itself, even against the common conceptions? |
3052 | And do they not also profess themselves to stand at an implacable and irreconcilable defiance with whatever is generous and becoming? |
3052 | And for what other reason in truth should a man of parts and erudition be at the pains to frequent the theatre, but for the sake of Menander only? |
3052 | And he as smartly replied: Do you think that Agamemnon did so many famous exploits when he was inquiring who dressed congers in the camp? |
3052 | And how can the motion of the universe, extending as it does to particular ones, be undisturbed and unimpeached, if these are stopped and hindered? |
3052 | And how is it possible for him who is at Megara to come to Athens, if he is prohibited by Fate? |
3052 | And if any one should thus question him; What sayst thou, Epicurus, that this is voidness, and that the nature of voidness? |
3052 | And if circles, why may not also their diameters be neither equal nor unequal? |
3052 | And if so, why not also angles, triangles, parallelograms, parallelopipeds, and bodies? |
3052 | And if they are transgressors of the law, why is it not just they should be punished? |
3052 | And if they do not quadrate, how can it be but the one must exceed and the other fall short? |
3052 | And if they neither live nor can live who place generation in union and death in disunion, what else do these Epicureans? |
3052 | And in which of Plato''s commentaries has he found this hidden? |
3052 | And indeed what do they ever embrace or affect that is either genteel or regardable, when it hath nothing of pleasure to accompany it? |
3052 | And is not this discourse of Aristotle very probable? |
3052 | And must we be angry with our delight, unless hired to endure it? |
3052 | And one of the company saying, It is the Persian fashion, sir, to debate midst your cups; And why, said Glaucias rejoining, not the Grecian fashion? |
3052 | And should I not in hell tormented be, Could I be guilty of such sacrilege? |
3052 | And the tenth, the fifteenth, and the thirtieth, are they not bodies? |
3052 | And therefore why should any one, that believes men can be affected and prejudiced by the sight, imagine that they can not act and hurt is well? |
3052 | And was not the crown anciently of twined parsley? |
3052 | And what did he mean, do you think, who made this verse, You capers gnaw, when you may sturgeon eat? |
3052 | And what great difference is there between this and that? |
3052 | And what is prudence? |
3052 | And what shall I take for the principle of duty and matter of virtue, leaving Nature and that which is according to Nature? |
3052 | And what the pleasures of Aristotle, when he rebuilt his native city Stagira, then levelled with the ground, and brought back its exiled inhabitants? |
3052 | And what the pleasures of Theophrastus and of Phidias, when they cut off the tyrants of their respective countries? |
3052 | And what, Phaedo, might be the cause of it? |
3052 | And what, for God''s sake, do those men mean who, inviting one another to sumptuous collations, usually say: To- day we will dine upon the shore? |
3052 | And when are the playhouses better filled with men of letters, than when his comic mask is exhibited? |
3052 | And when in exhortations made to encourage soldiers to fight, he speaks in this manner:-- What mean you, Lycians? |
3052 | And yet he frequently even tires us with his praises of this saying:-- What need have men of more than these two things? |
3052 | And yet is it not evident that a man consists of more parts than a finger, and the world of more than a man? |
3052 | And yet who might better have them than he? |
3052 | Are they not those who declare that reigning and being a king is a mistaking the path and straying from the right way of felicity? |
3052 | Are they not those who withdraw themselves and their followers from all part in the government? |
3052 | Are we more healthy for being vicious, or do we more abound with necessaries? |
3052 | Are you not ashamed to mix tame fruits with blood and slaughter? |
3052 | Aristarchus placeth the sun amongst the fixed stars, and believeth that the earth[ the moon?] |
3052 | As first, you may say, why is it plastered? |
3052 | As soon as he had said this, Trypho the physician subjoined: How hath our art offended you, that you have shut the Museum against us? |
3052 | As-- to take that which comes next neither had heat when they came, nor are become hot after their being joined together? |
3052 | Aye; but how comes it then, my good friend, that you bid me eat and be merry? |
3052 | BUT WHAT DOES HE MEAN BY DIVIDING THE UNIVERSE INTO UNEQUAL PARTS? |
3052 | Be like to courteous guests, and him Who asks only fire and shelter: does this man now not need entertainment? |
3052 | Besides all this, what should hinder but there may be an understanding of evil, and an existence of good? |
3052 | Besides, if there are superficies neither equal nor unequal, what hinders but there may be also circles neither equal nor unequal? |
3052 | Bird or egg, which was first? |
3052 | But Aesop in her vindication asked: Is it not much more ridiculous that all present can not resolve the riddle she propounded to us before supper? |
3052 | But here Erato putting in said: What, is it decreed that no pleasure must be admitted without profit? |
3052 | But how do you prove that wine is cold? |
3052 | But how full of trouble and contradictions in respect of one another these things are, what need is there to say at present? |
3052 | But if he allows these a place in his city, why does he drive away his citizens from things that are pleasing and delight the ear? |
3052 | But if wise men command wicked ones indifferent things, what hinders but the commands of the law may be also such? |
3052 | But if, being mixed with these, it is altered and made like to them, how is it a habit or power or cause of these things by which it is subdued? |
3052 | But is it in this alone, that this excellent man shows himself-- To others a physician, whilst himself Is full of ulcers? |
3052 | But pray, continues he, wherefore is it that she shows such affection to Anacharsis? |
3052 | But pray, sirs, what is your opinion in these matters? |
3052 | But to pass by these considerations, is not accustoming one''s self to mildness and a human temper of mind an admirable thing? |
3052 | But to persist still in this matter, what is more repugnant to sense than the imagining of such things? |
3052 | But what hurt, I pray, have I done to the wine, by taking from it a turbulent and noisome quality, and giving it a better taste, though a paler color? |
3052 | But what is the cause of the rainbow? |
3052 | But what is the reason the air never draws a stone, nor wood, but iron only, to the loadstone? |
3052 | But what is this you say? |
3052 | But what need I instance in those that are consummately good? |
3052 | But where on earth is virtue to be met with? |
3052 | But who are they that utterly confound and abolish this? |
3052 | But who is ignorant that he who can not do a good deed can not also sin? |
3052 | But why should any one be angry with him about the Naxians? |
3052 | But why should this belong to the Muses more than any other of the gods? |
3052 | But why, sir, are you concerned at this? |
3052 | But will you speak a paradox indeed, both extravagant and singular? |
3052 | But yet how did the Thebans escape, the Thessalians helping them with their testimonies? |
3052 | But yet since you command me to make the election, How can I think a better choice to make Than the divine Ulysses? |
3052 | But, I pray, what kind of transfiguration of the passages is this which causes hunger and thirst? |
3052 | CHAPTER V. WHENCE DOES THE WORLD RECEIVE ITS NUTRIMENT? |
3052 | Can you tell me, said he, how to construe this, and what the sense of it may be? |
3052 | Could I Sleep, or live, if thee I should neglect? |
3052 | Did Argos hold him when the hero fell? |
3052 | Did Cleadas, O Herodotus, or some other, write this also, to oblige the cities by flattery? |
3052 | Did he resolve and answer every one of these questions? |
3052 | Do not the Stoics act in the very same manner? |
3052 | Do you ask this, who hold all the senses to be infallible, and the apprehensions of the imagination certain and true? |
3052 | Does he not show that not only oxen but all other living creatures, as sharers of the same common nature, are beloved by the gods? |
3052 | Does not also Zeno follow these, who hold Nature and that which is according to Nature to be the elements of happiness? |
3052 | Does the earth move like the sun, moon, and five planets, which for their motions he calls organs or instruments of time? |
3052 | Does the stretching out a finger prudently produce this joy? |
3052 | Dost thou fancy something better after this life than what thou hast here? |
3052 | Dost thou hope for any good from the gods for thy piety? |
3052 | FROM WHENCE IS IT THAT THE MOON RECEIVES HER LIGHT? |
3052 | Florus, when we were entertained at his house, put this question, What are those in the proverb who are said to be about the salt and cummin? |
3052 | For are not these things beseeming and answerable to the doctrine of Socrates? |
3052 | For did Alexander, think you,( or indeed could he possibly) forget the fight at Arbela? |
3052 | For how can it but be absurd to blame those who nourish these creatures, if he commends Providence which created them? |
3052 | For how can it possibly be frigid in others to praise any for such things, and not ridiculous for him to rejoice and glory in them? |
3052 | For how could he expect to gain the knowledge of other things, who has not been able to comprehend the principal element even of himself? |
3052 | For how is it possible that he should be susceptible of dying on the land, who is destined to die at sea? |
3052 | For if he thought that those who were not brisk would be useless, to what purpose was it to mix among his soldiers those that were suspected? |
3052 | For if it be divine and holy, why should they avoid it? |
3052 | For if the air wherein the vessel hangs be cold, how, I pray, does it heat the water? |
3052 | For if they quadrate, how is either the greater? |
3052 | For this being granted, how will the gods be rather givers of good than evil? |
3052 | For to whom shall we offer the sacrifices preceding the tilling of the ground? |
3052 | For what else has he done in these places, but shown the great diversity there is between these things? |
3052 | For what is it that Democritus says? |
3052 | For what is more principal than the permanency of the world, or that its essence, united in its parts, is contained in itself? |
3052 | For what is wanting to bring them to the highest degree of speaking paradoxes, but the saying of such things? |
3052 | For what man is there or ever was, except these, who does not believe the Divinity to be immortal and eternal? |
3052 | For what pain, what want, what poison so quickly and so easily cures a disease as seasonable bathing? |
3052 | For what should hinder him from erecting a tragical machine, who by his boasting excelled the tragedians in all other things? |
3052 | For when he asked,"Do you, Epicurus, say, that wine does not heat?" |
3052 | For who do more subvert the common conceptions than the Stoic school? |
3052 | For who ever drank so long as those that are in a fever are a- dry? |
3052 | For who is there that is not already full of the arguments brought against those paradoxes? |
3052 | For who would wrong or injure a man that is so sweetly and humanly disposed with respect to the ills of strangers that are not of his kind? |
3052 | For who, said he, doth not know, that the middle of wine, the top of oil, and the bottom of honey is the best? |
3052 | For why art thou so eager to catch him, if thou wilt let him go when he is caught? |
3052 | From what other place than here did originate that doctrine of the Stoics? |
3052 | God, the tutelary, of Rome; existence and essence of a; what is? |
3052 | HOW MANY SENSES ARE THERE? |
3052 | HOW WAS THIS WORLD COMPOSED IN THAT ORDER AND AFTER THAT MANNER IT IS? |
3052 | Had it not been allowable, if Apollo himself had come in with his harp ready to desire the god to forbear till the argument was out? |
3052 | Has Nature also made health for the sake of hellebore, instead of producing hellebore for the sake of health? |
3052 | Have you not heard how and in what manner the judgment passed? |
3052 | His answers to the foresaid questions I will read to you.--What is most ancient? |
3052 | How comes it to pass then, said he, Theognis that thou thyself being so poor pratest and gratest our ears in this manner? |
3052 | How did Homer appraise each of these? |
3052 | How then did there go forth from Sparta to Plataea a thousand and five men, having every one of them with him seven Helots? |
3052 | How then do they extricate themselves out of these difficulties? |
3052 | How then is it, that they admit and allow Nature, soul, and living creature? |
3052 | How then is vice useful, with which neither health nor abundance of riches nor advancement in virtue is profitable? |
3052 | How then? |
3052 | How will wickedness be displeasing to them, and hated by them? |
3052 | INTO HOW MANY ZONES IS THE EARTH DIVIDED? |
3052 | IS IT MORE PROBABLE THAT THE NUMBER OF THE STARS IS EVEN OR ODD? |
3052 | If Rhetoric is the power of persuasive speaking, who more than Homer depended on this power? |
3052 | If hot, how does it afterwards make it cold? |
3052 | If then it is so pleasant to do good to a few, how are their hearts dilated with joy who are benefactors to whole cities, provinces, and kingdoms? |
3052 | If we find out Homer supplying the beginnings and the seeds of all these, is he not, beyond all others, worthy of admiration? |
3052 | In what then is this to be preferred to indifferent things? |
3052 | Indeed what wonder is it if, when the foundation shakes, the superstructure totter? |
3052 | Is a prudent torture a thing desirable? |
3052 | Is he happy, who with reason breaks his neck? |
3052 | Is he more inclined to male or female love? |
3052 | Is it not that they suppose, what is certainly true, that a dinner upon the shore is of all others most delicious? |
3052 | Is it not therefore against sense to say that the seed is more and greater than that which is produced of it? |
3052 | Is not a month a body? |
3052 | Is not the end, according to them, to reason rightly in the election of things according to Nature? |
3052 | Is not then the first day of the month a body? |
3052 | Is not therefore also the aversion( called[ Greek omitted]) a prohibiting reason, and a disinclination, a disinclination agreeable to reason? |
3052 | Is that of the greatest dignity, which reason often chooses to let go for that which is not good? |
3052 | Is that perfect and self- sufficient, by enjoying which, if they possess not too indifferent things, they neither can nor will endure to live? |
3052 | Is their opinion true who think that he ascribed a dodecahedron to the globe, when he says that God made use of it in delineating the universe? |
3052 | Is there an election of magistrates? |
3052 | Is there then no good among the gods, because there is no evil? |
3052 | Let me know; And to your dear old Priam shall I go? |
3052 | May some say, do the rest of the parts conduce nothing to speech? |
3052 | Nature, sentiments concerning; what is? |
3052 | Nay then, said Theon, if you approve so highly of this subject, why do you not set in hand to it? |
3052 | Nay, what shall a man say, when he sees the dull unlearned fellows after supper minding such pleasures as have not the least relation to the body? |
3052 | Now I would gladly ask him, what he thinks of bees and honey? |
3052 | Now how can they make a body without quality, who understand no quality without a body? |
3052 | Now if a cup ought to have nothing that is nasty or loathsome in it, ought that which is drunk out of the cup to be full of dregs and filth? |
3052 | Now if these are the things that disturb and subvert human life, who are there that more offend in speech than you? |
3052 | Now what a kind of punishment was it the Corinthians would have inflicted on them? |
3052 | Now what can be more against sense than that, when Jupiter governs exceedingly well, we should be exceedingly miserable? |
3052 | Now what does Herodotus, when he comes to this? |
3052 | Now what else is there that makes a kind office a benefit, but that the bestower of it is, in some respect, useful to the needy receiver? |
3052 | Now what else will this show, but that to wicked men and fools not to live is more profitable than to live? |
3052 | Now what has Empedocles done else, but taught that Nature is nothing else save that which is born, and death no other thing but that which dies? |
3052 | Now what is more contrary to kindling than refrigeration, or to rarefaction than condensation? |
3052 | Now what man ever was there that lived the worse for this? |
3052 | Now, as for his doctrine of possibles, how can it but be repugnant to his doctrine of Fate? |
3052 | Now, pray sir, what reason can you find for these wonderful effects? |
3052 | Of the second, Why lovers are inclined to poetry? |
3052 | Or Pelopidas the tyrant Leontiadas? |
3052 | Or Phormio, when he thought he had treated Castor and Pollux at his house? |
3052 | Or Themistocles the engagement at Salamis? |
3052 | Or as Theophrastus, who twice delivered his city, when possessed and held by tyrants? |
3052 | Or between procreation and making? |
3052 | Or do you desire to understand the greatest sweetness of his eloquence and persuasion? |
3052 | Or does vice contribute anything to our beauty and strength? |
3052 | Or has Plato figuratively called the maker of the world the father of it? |
3052 | Or how came it that, exposing themselves to so many dangers, they vanquished and overthrew so many thousand barbarians? |
3052 | Or how can Bacchus be any longer termed the donor of all good things, if men make no further use of the good things he gives? |
3052 | Or how can God be spherical, and be inferior to man? |
3052 | Or how is he above being endamaged, when he is so cautious lest he be wronged of his recompense? |
3052 | Or is a right line in Nature prior to circumference; or is circumference but an accident of rectilinear? |
3052 | Or is not a day a body? |
3052 | Or is there any difference between a father and a maker? |
3052 | Or is there any solid reason that can be given to prove Adonis to be the same with Bacchus? |
3052 | Or may such discourse be otherwise allowed, and must they be thought unseemly problems to be proposed at table? |
3052 | Or rather, since the palm is common to both, may it be, as if lots had been cast, given to either, according to the inclination he chances to have? |
3052 | Or shall we be afraid to oppose that divine oracle to Epicurus? |
3052 | Or that, rising up to go forth into the market- place, he runs not his head against the wall, but takes his way directly to the door?" |
3052 | Or where are there any that are so long solaced with the conversation of friends as tyrants are racking and tormenting? |
3052 | Or who was ever so long eating as those that are besieged suffer hunger? |
3052 | Ought we not to time it well, and direct our embrace by reason? |
3052 | QUESTION I WHAT, AS XENOPHON INTIMATES, ARE THE MOST AGREEABLE QUESTIONS AND MOST PLEASANT RAILLERY AT AN ENTERTAINMENT? |
3052 | QUESTION V. WHAT IS THE REASON THAT PEBBLE STONES AND LEADEN BULLETS THROWN INTO THE WATER MAKE IT MORE COLD? |
3052 | QUESTION VI WHAT IS THE REASON THAT MEN PRESERVE SNOW BY COVERING IT WITH CHAFF AND CLOTHS? |
3052 | Racing, as at the Olympian games? |
3052 | Right, said Diogenianus, but what is this to the present question? |
3052 | Say you so? |
3052 | Shall we reckon a soul to be a small expense? |
3052 | Silence following upon this, What application, said I, shall reason make, or how shall it assist? |
3052 | Sir, I replied, do not you consider that the soul, when affected, works upon the body? |
3052 | Soon after he proposed that perplexed question, that plague of the inquisitive, Which was first, the bird or the egg? |
3052 | Such was the flatterer''s to Philip, who chided him: Sir, do n''t I keep you? |
3052 | Summer, autumn, and the year, are they not bodies?" |
3052 | That is, is it convenient to do things that are not convenient, and a duty to live even against duty? |
3052 | That they fled as conquered, whom the enemies after the fight could not believe to have fled, as having got much the better? |
3052 | The exactness of motions and harmony are definite, but the errors either in playing upon the harp, singing, or dancing, who can comprehend? |
3052 | The first question is, Whether at table it is allowable to philosophize? |
3052 | The stimulus to this came from Homer,--why should any one insist on the providence of the gods? |
3052 | Then said my brother cunningly: And do you imagine that any, upon a sudden, can produce any probable reasons? |
3052 | Then, said I, do you believe this to be my opinion? |
3052 | These things being thus in a manner said and delivered, what would these defenders of evidence and canonical masters of common conceptions have? |
3052 | Thirdly, how is the world perfect, if anything beyond it is possible to be moved about it? |
3052 | This discourse being ended, and Philinus hummed, Lysimachus began again, What sort of exercise then shall we imagine to be first? |
3052 | Thus Tigranes, when Cyrus asked him, What will your wife say when she hears that you are put to servile offices? |
3052 | Till Hector''s arm involve the ships in flame? |
3052 | To what purpose, said Solon, should I trouble him or myself to make inquiry in a matter so plain? |
3052 | To whom those for the obtaining of preservation? |
3052 | Upon this, all being silent, Florus began thus: What, shall we tamely suffer Plato to be run down? |
3052 | WHAT ARE PRINCIPLES? |
3052 | WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF SLEEP AND DEATH? |
3052 | WHAT ARE THOSE STARS WHICH ARE CALLED THE DIOSCURI, THE TWINS, OR CASTOR AND POLLUX? |
3052 | WHAT ARE THOSE THAT ARE SAID TO BE[ GREEK OMITTED], AND WHY HOMER CALLS SALT DIVINE? |
3052 | WHAT HUMORED MAN IS HE THAT PLATO CALLS[ Greek omitted]? |
3052 | WHAT IS GOD? |
3052 | WHAT IS IT THAT THE GIVES ECHO? |
3052 | WHAT IS NATURE? |
3052 | WHAT IS PLATO''S MEANING, WHEN HE SAYS THAT GOD ALWAYS PLAYS THE GEOMETER? |
3052 | WHAT IS SIGNIFIED BY THE FABLE ABOUT THE DEFEAT OF NEPTUNE? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF ACCORD? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF BULIMY OR THE GREEDY DISEASE? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A PRINCIPLE AND AN ELEMENT? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IMAGINATION[ GREEK OMITTED], THE IMAGINABLE[ GREEK OMITTED], FANCY[ GREEK OMITTED], AND PHANTOM[ GREEK OMITTED]? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE MEANING OF THE SAYING: DRINK EITHER FIVE OR THREE, BUT NOT FOUR? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE REASON THAT ALPHA IS PLACED FIRST IN THE ALPHABET, AND WHAT IS THE PROPORTION BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF VOWELS AND SEMI- VOWELS? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE REASON THAT FLESH OF SACRIFICED BEASTS, AFTER BEING HUNG A WHILE UPON A FIG- TREE IS MORE TENDER THAN BEFORE? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE REASON THAT HUNGER IS ALLAYED BY DRINKING, BUT THIRST INCREASED BY EATING? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE REASON THAT THE FIG- TREE, BEING ITSELF OF A VERY SHARP AND BITTER TASTE, BEARS SO SWEET FRUIT? |
3052 | WHAT IS THE REASON THAT THOSE THAT ARE FASTING ARE MORE THIRSTY THAN HUNGRY? |
3052 | WHAT MANNER OF MAN SHOULD A DIRECTOR OF A FEAST BE? |
3052 | WHAT MEANS TIMAEUS( See"Timaeus,"p. 42 D.) WHEN HE SAYS THAT SOULS ARE DISPERSED INTO THE EARTH, THE MOON, AND INTO OTHER INSTRUMENTS OF TIME? |
3052 | WHAT SORT OF MUSIC IS FITTEST FOR AN ENTERTAINMENT? |
3052 | WHAT WAS, THE REASON OF THAT CUSTOM OF THE ANCIENT ROMANS TO REMOVE THE TABLE BEFORE ALL THE MEAT WAS EATEN, AND NOT TO PUT OUT THE LAMP? |
3052 | WHENCE ARISETH BARRENNESS IN WOMEN, AND IMPOTENCY IN MEN? |
3052 | WHENCE DID MEN OBTAIN THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE EXISTENCE AND ESSENCE OF A DEITY? |
3052 | WHENCE DO THE STARS RECEIVE THEIR LIGHT? |
3052 | WHETHER AT TABLE IT IS ALLOWABLE TO PHILOSOPHIZE? |
3052 | WHETHER FLUTE- GIRLS ARE TO BE ALLOWED AT A FEAST? |
3052 | WHICH IS THE FITTEST TIME FOR A MAN TO KNOW HIS WIFE? |
3052 | WHICH WAS FIRST THE BIRD OR THE EGG? |
3052 | WHY DID GOD COMMAND SOCRATES TO ACT THE MIDWIFE''S PART TO OTHERS, BUT CHARGED HIMSELF NOT TO GENERATE; AS HE AFFIRMS IN THEAETETUS? |
3052 | WHY DO THOSE THAT ARE STARK DRUNK SEEM NOT SO MUCH DEBAUCHED AS THOSE THAT ARE BUT HALF FOXED? |
3052 | WHY DOES HE CALL THE SUPREME GOD FATHER AND MAKER OF ALL THINGS? |
3052 | WHY DOES HOMER APPROPRIATE A CERTAIN PECULIAR EPITHET TO EACH PARTICULAR LIQUID, AND CALL OIL ONLY LIQUID? |
3052 | WHY SAID PLATO, THAT SPEECH WAS COMPOSED OF NOUNS AND VERBS? |
3052 | WHY WAS THE PINE COUNTED SACRED TO NEPTUNE AND BACCHUS? |
3052 | Was it a slow disease, or did Artemis the archer slay them with the visitation of her gentle shafts? |
3052 | What beginnings do Xenocrates and Polemo take? |
3052 | What consent does it not turn upside down? |
3052 | What difficulty is there in that? |
3052 | What does this mean except that the world is conducted by civilized laws and the gods consult under the presidency of the father of gods and men? |
3052 | What first- fruits shall they offer? |
3052 | What is greatest? |
3052 | What is greatest? |
3052 | What is most Pernicious? |
3052 | What is most beautiful? |
3052 | What is most beautiful? |
3052 | What is most common? |
3052 | What is most easy? |
3052 | What is most easy? |
3052 | What is most pernicious? |
3052 | What is most profitable? |
3052 | What is most profitable? |
3052 | What is most strong? |
3052 | What is most wise? |
3052 | What is strongest? |
3052 | What is the reason that our cups are washed and made so clean that they shine and look bright? |
3052 | What is this? |
3052 | What is wisest? |
3052 | What kind of thing then is it in its own form? |
3052 | What manner of god then is Jupiter,--I mean Chrysippus''s Jupiter,--who punishes an act done neither willingly nor unprofitably? |
3052 | What natural or scientific art is left untouched? |
3052 | What need is there for mentioning anything else? |
3052 | What need of many instances? |
3052 | What other reprehender of his doctrines does this man then expect? |
3052 | What other thing is he establishing but a community of speech and a relation of soul between men and beasts? |
3052 | What problem was that? |
3052 | What question will you put them, said Protogenes? |
3052 | What record is there extant of one civil action in matter of government, performed by any of you? |
3052 | What sayest thou now, Epicurus? |
3052 | What shall men sacrifice? |
3052 | What then ails them, that they will not confess that to be evil which is worse than evil? |
3052 | What then follows from this, that the World alone is self- sufficient? |
3052 | What then is good? |
3052 | What then shall we say for Plato? |
3052 | What then, said Florus, shall we say that salt is termed divine for that reason? |
3052 | What then, shall we suffer those rhetoricians to be thought to have hit the mark when they bring arguments only from probabilities and conjectures? |
3052 | What then? |
3052 | What then?" |
3052 | What thing then is there so impossible in Nature as to be doubted of, if it is possible to believe such reveries as these? |
3052 | What would it have benefited Lichas, if being thrown by Hercules, as from a sling into the sea, he had been on a sudden changed from vice to virtue?" |
3052 | What, then, are these habits and motions of the parts? |
3052 | What, then, is the only thing that they shun? |
3052 | What, then, is this end? |
3052 | When I had said this, Lamprias, sitting( as he always doth) upon a low bed, cried out: Sirs, will you give me leave to correct this sottish judge? |
3052 | When I was curious to inquire who this lady was, he said, Do you not yet know the wise and famous Eumetis? |
3052 | When then will our life become savage, uncivilized, and bestial? |
3052 | Whether then shall we say, that neither consents nor virtues nor vices nor doing well nor doing ill is in our power? |
3052 | Who can therefore appear to speak things more contradictory to himself than he who says that the same god is now nourished and again not nourished? |
3052 | Who first determined this? |
3052 | Who has more skill than the artificer of such an art? |
3052 | Who is this that hath so many mouths for his belly and the kitchen? |
3052 | Who then are they that call in question things believed, and contend against things that are evident? |
3052 | Who then are they, O Colotes, that are endued with this privilege never to be wounded, never to be sick? |
3052 | Who would not have blamed another that should have omitted these things? |
3052 | Who, then, were the first authors of this opinion, that we owe no justice to dumb animals? |
3052 | Why do you belie the earth as unable to maintain you? |
3052 | Why do you profane the lawgiver Ceres, and shame the mild and gentle Bacchus, as not furnishing you with sufficiency? |
3052 | Why does it open especially on that side where it may have the best convenience for receiving the purest air, and the benefit of the evening sun? |
3052 | Why does the body rest? |
3052 | Why is it necessary to speak of the heroes in battle? |
3052 | Why not, quoth Anacharsis, when there is a reward promised to the hardest drinker? |
3052 | Why not? |
3052 | Why pray, is the number nine the most perfect? |
3052 | Why should we not ascribe to Homer every excellence? |
3052 | Why so, my friend? |
3052 | Why then, instead of fine flour, do not we thicken our broth with coarse bran? |
3052 | Why therefore should we rather say the clothes are hot, because they cause heat, than cold, because they cause cold? |
3052 | Why, Lord of lightning, hast thou summoned here The gods of council, dost thou aught desire Touching the Greeks and Trojans? |
3052 | Wilt thou get thee up betimes in the morning, and go to the theatre to hear the harpers and flutists play? |
3052 | With what, O good sir, do Aristotle and Theophrastus begin? |
3052 | With what, then, says he, shall I begin? |
3052 | Would not the river Nile sooner have given over to bear the paper- reed, than they have been weary of writing their brave exploits? |
3052 | Yea, why rather should he not struggle against Fortune, and raise himself above the pressures of his low circumstances? |
3052 | Yes, said he, whose else? |
3052 | Your words are great, but what''s this to your bride? |
3052 | Zeuxippus therefore subjoined and said: And must our present debate be left then unfinished because of that? |
3052 | and again, Exempt from sickness and old age are they, And free from toil, and have escaped the stream Of roaring Acheron? |
3052 | and again, What God those seeds of strife''twixt them did sow? |
3052 | and thus:-- What''s your command to Hector? |
3052 | and why, of the several kinds of music, will the chromatic diffuse and the harmonic compose the mind? |
3052 | corruption, are animals obnoxious to? |
3052 | if, when these are taken away, virtue will also vanish and be lost? |
3052 | is there the like danger if I refuse to eat flesh, as if I for want of faith murder my child or some other friend? |
3052 | of virtue, for which we were created? |
3052 | or deal in adulterate wares or griping usury, not minding anything that is great and worthy thy noble extraction? |
3052 | said I, and shall not Aristodemus then succeed me, if you are tired out yourself? |
3052 | some men may properly inquire:-- DID PLATO PLACE THE RATIONAL OR THE IRASCIBLE FACULTY IN THE MIDDLE? |
3052 | was it not but the other day that the Isthmian garland began to be made of pine? |
3052 | wherein differ they from what Plato says, that the divine nature is remote from both joy and grief? |
1672 | ''And do you think that a man who is unable to help himself is in a good condition?'' |
1672 | ''But is not rhetoric a fine thing?'' |
1672 | ''But what part?'' |
1672 | ''Certainly,''he will answer,''for is not health the greatest good? |
1672 | ''Do you mean to say that the rhetoricians are esteemed flatterers?'' |
1672 | ''Health first, beauty next, wealth third,''in the words of the old song, or how would you rank them? |
1672 | ''What do you mean?'' |
1672 | ''What is cookery?'' |
1672 | ''What is rhetoric?'' |
1672 | ''What is the art of Rhetoric?'' |
1672 | ''What is the use of coming to you, Gorgias?'' |
1672 | ''Who is Gorgias?'' |
1672 | ''Who knows,''as Euripides says,''whether life may not be death, and death life?'' |
1672 | ''Why will you continue splitting words? |
1672 | ''Why, have they not great power, and can they not do whatever they desire?'' |
1672 | ), with the making of garments? |
1672 | All this is a hindrance to them; there are the clothes of the judges and the clothes of the judged.--What is to be done? |
1672 | Am I not right Callicles? |
1672 | Am I not right in my recollection? |
1672 | Am I not right? |
1672 | And I am going to ask-- what is this power of persuasion which is given by rhetoric, and about what? |
1672 | And I would have you observe, that I am right in asking this further question: If I asked,''What sort of a painter is Zeuxis?'' |
1672 | And I would still ask, whether you say that pleasure and good are the same, or whether there is some pleasure which is not a good? |
1672 | And as Callicles is about to enter public life, should we not examine him? |
1672 | And do you consider wealth to be the greatest good of man? |
1672 | And do you mean to say also that if he meets with retribution and punishment he will still be happy? |
1672 | And if he asked again:''What is the art of calculation?'' |
1672 | And if he further said,''Concerned with what?'' |
1672 | And is not the soul which has an order of her own better than that which has no order? |
1672 | And is not the virtue of each thing dependent on order or arrangement? |
1672 | And is the pleasant to be pursued for the sake of the good? |
1672 | And must he not be courageous? |
1672 | And of harp- playing and dithyrambic poetry in general, what would you say? |
1672 | And suppose, again, I were to say that astronomy is only words-- he would ask,''Words about what, Socrates?'' |
1672 | And that is pleasant at the presence of which we are pleased, and that is good at the presence of which we are good? |
1672 | And that which is orderly is temperate? |
1672 | And that which makes a thing good is the proper order inhering in each thing? |
1672 | And the soul which has order is orderly? |
1672 | And the temperate soul is good? |
1672 | And then he will be sure to go on and ask,''What good? |
1672 | And then he would proceed to ask:''Words about what?'' |
1672 | And to be itching and always scratching? |
1672 | And to indulge unnatural desires, if they are abundantly satisfied? |
1672 | And we are good, and all good things whatever are good when some virtue is present in us or them? |
1672 | And what do you say of that other rhetoric which addresses the Athenian assembly and the assemblies of freemen in other states? |
1672 | And what is my sort? |
1672 | And what knowledge can be nobler? |
1672 | And when I ask, Who are you? |
1672 | And who are you? |
1672 | And will not the temperate man do what is proper, both in relation to the gods and to men;--for he would not be temperate if he did not? |
1672 | And yet there is an inconsistency: for should not Socrates too have taught the citizens better than to put him to death? |
1672 | And yet, on your principle, what justice or reason is there in your refusal? |
1672 | And you would admit that to drink, when you are thirsty, is pleasant? |
1672 | Are the superior and better and stronger the same or different? |
1672 | Are you disposed to admit that? |
1672 | Are you of the same opinion still? |
1672 | As we likewise enquire, What will become of them after death? |
1672 | At your age, Socrates, are you not ashamed to be catching at words and chuckling over some verbal slip? |
1672 | Both the wise man and the brave man we allow to be good? |
1672 | But I shall not tell him whether rhetoric is a fine thing or not, until I have first answered,''What is rhetoric?'' |
1672 | But do you really suppose that I or any other human being denies that some pleasures are good and others bad? |
1672 | But if there were no future, might he not still be happy in the performance of an action which was attended only by a painful death? |
1672 | But if we, Polus, are right, do you see what follows, or shall we draw out the consequences in form? |
1672 | But is he as ignorant of just and unjust as he is of medicine or building? |
1672 | But is not virtue something different from saving and being saved? |
1672 | But please to refresh my memory a little; did you say--''in an unjust attempt to make himself a tyrant''? |
1672 | But tell me, Gorgias, what are the best? |
1672 | But to return to our argument:--Does not a man cease from thirsting and from the pleasure of drinking at the same moment? |
1672 | But what do you mean by the better? |
1672 | But what reason is there in this? |
1672 | But where are the orators among whom you find the latter? |
1672 | But who would undertake a public building, if he had never had a teacher of the art of building, and had never constructed a building before? |
1672 | But why, if I have a suspicion, do I ask instead of telling you? |
1672 | But, my good friend, where is the refutation? |
1672 | CALLICLES: And do you think, Socrates, that a man who is thus defenceless is in a good position? |
1672 | CALLICLES: And is not that just the provoking thing? |
1672 | CALLICLES: And what difference does that make? |
1672 | CALLICLES: And what does our friend Socrates, of Foxton, say-- does he assent to this, or not? |
1672 | CALLICLES: And you are the man who can not speak unless there is some one to answer? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Are you not ashamed, Socrates, of introducing such topics into the argument? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Can not you finish without my help, either talking straight on, or questioning and answering yourself? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Do you want me to agree with you? |
1672 | CALLICLES: I suppose that you mean health and strength? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Quite so, Socrates; and they are really fools, for how can a man be happy who is the servant of anything? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Tell me, Chaerephon, is Socrates in earnest, or is he joking? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Well, but how does that prove Pericles''badness? |
1672 | CALLICLES: What do you mean by his''ruling over himself''? |
1672 | CALLICLES: What do you mean? |
1672 | CALLICLES: What do you mean? |
1672 | CALLICLES: What is the matter, Chaerephon-- does Socrates want to hear Gorgias? |
1672 | CALLICLES: What is your meaning, Socrates? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Why not give the name yourself, Socrates? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Why? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Yes, I do; but what is the inference? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Yes, but why talk of men who are good for nothing? |
1672 | CALLICLES: Yes, certainly; but what is your drift? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: And do you, Polus, think that you can answer better than Gorgias? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: And if he had the skill of Aristophon the son of Aglaophon, or of his brother Polygnotus, what ought we to call him? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: Then we should be right in calling him a physician? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: What do you mean? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: What question? |
1672 | CHAEREPHON: What shall I ask him? |
1672 | Can anything be more irrational, my friends, than this? |
1672 | Consider:--You would say that to suffer punishment is another name for being justly corrected when you do wrong? |
1672 | Could he be said to regard even their pleasure? |
1672 | Did he perform with any view to the good of his hearers? |
1672 | Did not the very persons whom he was serving ostracize him, in order that they might not hear his voice for ten years? |
1672 | Did they employ these advantages with a view to philosophy, gathering from every nature some addition to their store of knowledge? |
1672 | Did you not say, that suffering wrong was more evil, and doing wrong more disgraceful? |
1672 | Do I make any impression on you, and are you coming over to the opinion that the orderly are happier than the intemperate? |
1672 | Do I not convince you that the opposite is the truth? |
1672 | Do they suppose that the rule of justice is the rule of the stronger or of the better?'' |
1672 | Do we not often hear the novel writer censured for attempting to convey a lesson to the minds of his readers? |
1672 | Do you know any other effect of rhetoric over and above that of producing persuasion? |
1672 | Do you laugh, Polus? |
1672 | Do you mean that your art produces the greatest good? |
1672 | Do you not agree? |
1672 | Do you say''Yes''or''No''to that? |
1672 | Do you understand? |
1672 | Does Callicles agree to this division? |
1672 | Does not that appear to be an art which seeks only pleasure, Callicles, and thinks of nothing else? |
1672 | Does not the art of making money? |
1672 | Does not the art of medicine? |
1672 | For all our life long we are talking with ourselves:--What is thought but speech? |
1672 | For do not we too accuse as well as excuse ourselves? |
1672 | For on what principle of justice did Xerxes invade Hellas, or his father the Scythians? |
1672 | For that would not be right, Polus; but I shall be happy to answer, if you will ask me, What part of flattery is rhetoric? |
1672 | For will any one ever acknowledge that he does not know, or can not teach, the nature of justice? |
1672 | For you were saying just now that the courageous and the wise are the good-- would you not say so? |
1672 | For, first, you defined the superior to be the stronger, and then the wiser, and now something else;--what DO you mean? |
1672 | GORGIAS: A part of what, Socrates? |
1672 | GORGIAS: Then why not ask him yourself? |
1672 | GORGIAS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1672 | GORGIAS: What is coming, Socrates? |
1672 | GORGIAS: What matter? |
1672 | GORGIAS: Yes, I know the song; but what is your drift? |
1672 | Have I not told you that the superior is the better?'' |
1672 | Have they not been invented wholly for the sake of pleasure? |
1672 | Have they not very great power in states? |
1672 | Have we not already admitted many times over that such is the duty of a public man? |
1672 | How are they to be? |
1672 | How is the inconsistency to be explained? |
1672 | How then can pleasure be the same as good, or pain as evil? |
1672 | How will you answer them? |
1672 | How would Gorgias explain this phenomenon? |
1672 | I mean to ask whether a man will escape injustice if he has only the will to escape, or must he have provided himself with the power? |
1672 | I mean to say-- Does he who teaches anything persuade men of that which he teaches or not? |
1672 | I mean, for example, that if a man strikes, there must be something which is stricken? |
1672 | I was saying that to do is worse than to suffer injustice? |
1672 | If we admit what has been just now said, every man ought in every way to guard himself against doing wrong, for he will thereby suffer great evil? |
1672 | In the first division the question is asked-- What is rhetoric? |
1672 | In the first place, what say you of flute- playing? |
1672 | Is not suffering injustice a greater evil? |
1672 | Is not that true? |
1672 | Is not this a fact? |
1672 | Is not this true? |
1672 | Is not this, as they say, to begin with the big jar when you are learning the potter''s art; which is a foolish thing? |
1672 | Is that the paradox which, as you say, can not be refuted? |
1672 | Is the final result, that he gets rid of them both together? |
1672 | Is there any comparison between him and the pleader? |
1672 | Is this true? |
1672 | Look at the matter in this way:--In respect of a man''s estate, do you see any greater evil than poverty? |
1672 | May I ask then whether you will answer in turn and have your words put to the proof? |
1672 | May I assume this to be your opinion? |
1672 | May not the service of God, which is the more disinterested, be in like manner the higher? |
1672 | Might not the novelist, too, make an ideal, or rather many ideals of social life, better than a thousand sermons? |
1672 | Must not the defence be one which will avert the greatest of human evils? |
1672 | Must not the very opposite be true,--if he is to be like the tyrant in his injustice, and to have influence with him? |
1672 | Must we not try and make them as good as possible? |
1672 | Nay, did not Pericles make the citizens worse? |
1672 | Nay, will he not rather do all the evil which he can and escape? |
1672 | No other answer can I give, Callicles dear; have you any? |
1672 | Or do I fail to persuade you, and, however many tales I rehearse to you, do you continue of the same opinion still? |
1672 | Or must the pupil know these things and come to you knowing them before he can acquire the art of rhetoric? |
1672 | Or will you be unable to teach him rhetoric at all, unless he knows the truth of these things first? |
1672 | Or would you venture to say, that they too are happy, if they only get enough of what they want? |
1672 | Ought he not to have the name which is given to his brother? |
1672 | Ought the physician then to have a larger share of meats and drinks? |
1672 | POLUS: An experience in what? |
1672 | POLUS: And I should say neither I, nor any man: would you yourself, for example, suffer rather than do injustice? |
1672 | POLUS: And are the good rhetoricians meanly regarded in states, under the idea that they are flatterers? |
1672 | POLUS: And are those of whom I spoke wretches? |
1672 | POLUS: And can not you tell at once, and without having an acquaintance with him, whether a man is happy? |
1672 | POLUS: And do even you, Socrates, seriously believe what you are now saying about rhetoric? |
1672 | POLUS: And do you think that he is happy or miserable? |
1672 | POLUS: And if able to gratify others, must not rhetoric be a fine thing? |
1672 | POLUS: And is not that a great power? |
1672 | POLUS: And noble or ignoble? |
1672 | POLUS: And so you think that he who slays any one whom he pleases, and justly slays him, is pitiable and wretched? |
1672 | POLUS: Ask:-- CHAEREPHON: My question is this: If Gorgias had the skill of his brother Herodicus, what ought we to call him? |
1672 | POLUS: At any rate you will allow that he who is unjustly put to death is wretched, and to be pitied? |
1672 | POLUS: But do you not think, Socrates, that you have been sufficiently refuted, when you say that which no human being will allow? |
1672 | POLUS: But is it the greatest? |
1672 | POLUS: But they do what they think best? |
1672 | POLUS: Did I not hear you say that rhetoric was a sort of experience? |
1672 | POLUS: Does rhetoric seem to you to be an experience? |
1672 | POLUS: How can that be, Socrates? |
1672 | POLUS: How not regarded? |
1672 | POLUS: How two questions? |
1672 | POLUS: I will ask and do you answer? |
1672 | POLUS: I will ask; and do you answer me, Socrates, the same question which Gorgias, as you suppose, is unable to answer: What is rhetoric? |
1672 | POLUS: In either case is he not equally to be envied? |
1672 | POLUS: In what? |
1672 | POLUS: Of what profession? |
1672 | POLUS: Then are cookery and rhetoric the same? |
1672 | POLUS: Then clearly, Socrates, you would say that you did not even know whether the great king was a happy man? |
1672 | POLUS: Then surely they do as they will? |
1672 | POLUS: Then what, in your opinion, is rhetoric? |
1672 | POLUS: Then would you rather suffer than do injustice? |
1672 | POLUS: Then you would not wish to be a tyrant? |
1672 | POLUS: Then, according to your doctrine, the said Archelaus is miserable? |
1672 | POLUS: Were you not saying just now that he is wretched? |
1672 | POLUS: What do you mean, Socrates? |
1672 | POLUS: What do you mean? |
1672 | POLUS: What do you mean? |
1672 | POLUS: What does that matter if I answer well enough for you? |
1672 | POLUS: What makes you say so, Socrates? |
1672 | POLUS: What sort of an art is cookery? |
1672 | POLUS: What then? |
1672 | POLUS: What thing? |
1672 | POLUS: Why''forbear''? |
1672 | POLUS: Why, did I not say that it was the noblest of arts? |
1672 | POLUS: Why, have you not already said that they do as they think best? |
1672 | POLUS: Will you enumerate them? |
1672 | POLUS: You are hard of refutation, Socrates, but might not a child refute that statement? |
1672 | POLUS: You see, I presume, that Archelaus the son of Perdiccas is now the ruler of Macedonia? |
1672 | Perhaps, however, you do not even now understand what I mean? |
1672 | Polus asks,''What thing?'' |
1672 | SOCRATES: A useful thing, then? |
1672 | SOCRATES: About that you and I may be supposed to agree? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Again, if we take the arts of which we were just now speaking:--do not arithmetic and the arithmeticians teach us the properties of number? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Again, in a man''s bodily frame, you would say that the evil is weakness and disease and deformity? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Although he is not a physician:--is he? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And I affirm that he is most miserable, and that those who are punished are less miserable-- are you going to refute this proposition also? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And a foolish man too? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And according to the argument the rhetorician must be a just man? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are not all things either good or evil, or intermediate and indifferent? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are not just men gentle, as Homer says?--or are you of another mind? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are not these pleasures or goods present to those who rejoice-- if they do rejoice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are only the cowards pained at the approach of their enemies, or are the brave also pained? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are they equally pained? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are they not better pleased at the enemy''s departure? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are we late for a feast? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And are we to say that you are able to make other men rhetoricians? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And as for the Muse of Tragedy, that solemn and august personage-- what are her aspirations? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And deformity or disgrace may be equally measured by the opposite standard of pain and evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And did you ever see a sensible man rejoicing or sorrowing? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And did you never see a foolish child rejoicing? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do not the poets in the theatres seem to you to be rhetoricians? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do not those who rightly punish others, punish them in accordance with a certain rule of justice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do you call the fools and cowards good men? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do you mean by the better the same as the superior? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do you not imagine that the soul likewise has some evil of her own? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And do you, Callicles, seriously maintain what you are saying? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And does he have and not have good and happiness, and their opposites, evil and misery, in a similar alternation? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And does not gymnastic also treat of discourse concerning the good or evil condition of the body? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And does not the same argument hold of the soul, my good sir? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And does not the same hold in all other cases? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And further, that to suffer punishment is the way to be released from this evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he has the second place, who is delivered from vice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he is to be thirsting and drinking? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he may have strength and weakness in the same way, by fits? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who has joy is good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who has learned medicine is a physician, in like manner? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who has learned music a musician? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who is in pain is evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who is just may be supposed to do what is just? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And he who punishes rightly, punishes justly? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if a man burns, there is something which is burned? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if he burns in excess or so as to cause pain, the thing burned will be burned in the same way? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if he cuts, the same argument holds-- there will be something cut? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if he is hungry, or has any other desire, does he not cease from the desire and the pleasure at the same moment? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if pleasantly, then also happily? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if the cutting be great or deep or such as will cause pain, the cut will be of the same nature? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if the most disgraceful, then also the worst? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if the striker strikes violently or quickly, that which is struck will be struck violently or quickly? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if they were more savage, must they not have been more unjust and inferior? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And if what is honourable, then what is good, for the honourable is either pleasant or useful? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And in pain? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And in the same way there are good pains and there are evil pains? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And in the same way, he who has learned what is just is just? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And in the sentence which you have just uttered, the word''thirsty''implies pain? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And in this way he will have accomplished, as you and your friends would say, the end of becoming a great man and not suffering injury? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is he not then delivered from the greatest evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is not that the sort of thing, Callicles, which we were just now describing as flattery? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is not the same true of all similar arts, as, for example, the art of playing the lyre at festivals? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is not this universally true? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is the''having learned''the same as''having believed,''and are learning and belief the same things? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And is this notion true of one soul, or of two or more? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And it has been proved to be true? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And justice punishes us, and makes us more just, and is the medicine of our vice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And justice, if the best, gives the greatest pleasure or advantage or both? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And may not the same be said of the beauty of knowledge? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And most disgraceful either because most painful and causing excessive pain, or most hurtful, or both? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And music is concerned with the composition of melodies? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And must not the just man always desire to do what is just? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And must we not have the same end in view in the treatment of our city and citizens? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And not to suffer, is to perpetuate the evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And now injustice and all evil in the soul has been admitted by us to be most disgraceful? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And now let us have from you, Gorgias, the truth about rhetoric: which you would admit( would you not?) |
1672 | SOCRATES: And now, which will you do, ask or answer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And of two deformed things, that which exceeds in deformity or disgrace, exceeds either in pain or evil-- must it not be so? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And ought not the better to have a larger share? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And ought we not to choose and use the good pleasures and pains? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And punishment is an evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And since they are superior, the laws which are made by them are by nature good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And suffering implies an agent? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And that is now discovered to be more evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And that which exceeds most in hurtfulness will be the greatest of evils? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And that which is just has been admitted to be honourable? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the beneficial are those which do some good, and the hurtful are those which do some evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the foolish man and the coward to be evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the foolish; so it would seem? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the greater disgrace is the greater evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the one which had pleasure in view was just a vulgar flattery:--was not that another of our conclusions? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the other had in view the greatest improvement of that which was ministered to, whether body or soul? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the reason for asking this second question would be, that there are other painters besides, who paint many other figures? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the same is true of a ship? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the same may be said of the human body? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the suffering to him who is stricken is of the same nature as the act of him who strikes? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And the word''drinking''is expressive of pleasure, and of the satisfaction of the want? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And there is also''having believed''? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And therefore he acts justly? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And therefore persuade us of them? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And therefore to be unjust and intemperate, and cowardly and ignorant, is more painful than to be poor and sick? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And thirst, too, is painful? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And this speech is addressed to a crowd of people? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And this you would call injustice and ignorance and cowardice, and the like? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And those who are in pain have evil or sorrow present with them? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And to restrain her from her appetites is to chastise her? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And to understand that about which they speak? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And to whom do we go with the unjust and intemperate? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And was not Pericles a shepherd of men? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And was not punishment said by us to be a deliverance from the greatest of evils, which is vice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And were you not saying just now, that some courage implied knowledge? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what art frees us from disease? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what art will protect us from suffering injustice, if not wholly, yet as far as possible? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what do you say of doing injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what do you say of his father, Meles the harp- player? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what do you say of the choral art and of dithyrambic poetry?--are not they of the same nature? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what from vice and injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what would you consider this to be? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And what would you say of the soul? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And when he has got rid of his ophthalmia, has he got rid of the health of his eyes too? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And when we kill a man we kill him or exile him or despoil him of his goods, because, as we think, it will conduce to our good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And which of the evils is the most disgraceful?--Is not the most disgraceful of them injustice, and in general the evil of the soul? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And which rejoiced most at the departure of the enemy, the coward or the brave? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And why? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And will not the patient suffer that which the agent does, and will not the suffering have the quality of the action? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And will therefore never be willing to do injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And will you also do me the favour of saying whether man is an animal? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would he be the happier man in his bodily condition, who is healed, or who never was out of health? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you maintain that if a fool does what he thinks best, this is a good, and would you call this great power? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you not allow that all just things are honourable in so far as they are just? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you prefer a greater evil or a greater dishonour to a less one? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you say that courage differed from pleasure? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you say that pleasure and knowledge are the same, or not the same? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And would you still say that the evil are evil by reason of the presence of evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And yet rhetoric makes men able to speak? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And yet those who have learned as well as those who have believed are persuaded? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And you said the opposite? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And you were speaking of courage and knowledge as two things different from one another? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And you would call sounds and music beautiful for the same reason? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And you, like him, invite any one to ask you about anything which he pleases, and you will know how to answer him? |
1672 | SOCRATES: And, therefore, when Pericles first began to speak in the assembly, the Athenians were not so good as when he spoke last? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Are these indifferent things done for the sake of the good, or the good for the sake of the indifferent? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But can every man choose what pleasures are good and what are evil, or must he have art or knowledge of them in detail? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But can you tell me why you disapprove of such a power? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But does he do what he wills if he does what is evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But does not the art of medicine, which we were just now mentioning, also make men able to understand and speak about the sick? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But have not you and the world already agreed that to do injustice is more disgraceful than to suffer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But he does not cease from good and evil at the same moment, as you have admitted: do you still adhere to what you said? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But he surely can not have the same eyes well and sound at the same time? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But if he is to have more power of persuasion than the physician, he will have greater power than he who knows? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But if not in pain, then not in both? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But if there had been no one but Zeuxis who painted them, then you would have answered very well? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But if they were good, then clearly each of them must have made the citizens better instead of worse? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But is the being healed a pleasant thing, and are those who are being healed pleased? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But not the evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But now we are affirming that the aforesaid rhetorician will never have done injustice at all? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But surely the wise and brave are the good, and the foolish and the cowardly are the bad? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But then again, what was the observation which you just now made, about doing and suffering wrong? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But what if the itching is not confined to the head? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But whether rulers or subjects will they or will they not have more than themselves, my friend? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But will he also escape from doing injury? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But will you answer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: But you admitted, that when in pain a man might also have pleasure? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Consider again:--Where there is an agent, must there not also be a patient? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do I understand you to mean what I mean by the term''benefited''? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do men appear to you to will that which they do, or to will that further end for the sake of which they do a thing? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do you mean that you will teach him to gain the ears of the multitude on any subject, and this not by instruction but by persuasion? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do you mean what sort of an art? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do you never hear our professors of education speaking in this inconsistent manner? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Do you see the inference:--that pleasure and pain are simultaneous, when you say that being thirsty, you drink? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Does not a man cease from his thirst and from his pleasure in drinking at the same time? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Enough: And did you ever see a coward in battle? |
1672 | SOCRATES: For in my opinion there is no profit in a man''s life if his body is in an evil plight-- in that case his life also is evil: am I not right? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Go back now to our former admissions.--Did you say that to hunger, I mean the mere state of hunger, was pleasant or painful? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Have the wise man and the fool, the brave and the coward, joy and pain in nearly equal degrees? |
1672 | SOCRATES: I am glad to hear it; answer me in like manner about rhetoric: with what is rhetoric concerned? |
1672 | SOCRATES: I know; but still the actual hunger is painful: am I not right? |
1672 | SOCRATES: I said also that the wicked are miserable, and you refuted me? |
1672 | SOCRATES: I suppose that he is affected by them, and gets rid of them in turns? |
1672 | SOCRATES: I understand you to say, if I am not mistaken, that the honourable is not the same as the good, or the disgraceful as the evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: If then there be anything which a man has and has not at the same time, clearly that can not be good and evil-- do we agree? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Is it not a fact that injustice, and the doing of injustice, is the greatest of evils? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Is not this the conclusion, if the premises are not disproven? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Is that a question or the beginning of a speech? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Justly or unjustly, do you mean? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Laws and institutions also have no beauty in them except in so far as they are useful or pleasant or both? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Listen to me, then, while I recapitulate the argument:--Is the pleasant the same as the good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Men who do any of these things do them for the sake of the good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Must I then say with Epicharmus,''Two men spoke before, but now one shall be enough''? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Nay, I said a part of flattery; if at your age, Polus, you can not remember, what will you do by- and- by, when you get older? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Need I adduce any more instances, or would you agree that all wants or desires are painful? |
1672 | SOCRATES: No matter; then the cowards, and not only the brave, rejoice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Now I want to know about rhetoric in the same way;--is rhetoric the only art which brings persuasion, or do other arts have the same effect? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Now, what art is there which delivers us from poverty? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Of discourse concerning diseases? |
1672 | SOCRATES: On the other hand, if the unjust be not punished, then, according to you, he will be happy? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Or swiftness and slowness? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Say rather, Polus, impossible; for who can refute the truth? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Shall we then assume two sorts of persuasion,--one which is the source of belief without knowledge, as the other is of knowledge? |
1672 | SOCRATES: So then, in mind, body, and estate, which are three, you have pointed out three corresponding evils-- injustice, disease, poverty? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Such treatment will be better for the soul herself? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Surely, then, the just man will never consent to do injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Take the case of any bodily affection:--a man may have the complaint in his eyes which is called ophthalmia? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Tell me, then, when do you say that they are good and when that they are evil-- what principle do you lay down? |
1672 | SOCRATES: That again, Gorgias is ambiguous; I am still in the dark: for which are the greatest and best of human things? |
1672 | SOCRATES: That is to say, he who receives admonition and rebuke and punishment? |
1672 | SOCRATES: That is to say, in evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: That would surely be marvellous and absurd? |
1672 | SOCRATES: The beneficial are good, and the hurtful are evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: The degrees of good and evil vary with the degrees of pleasure and of pain? |
1672 | SOCRATES: The flatterer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: The good and evil both have joy and pain, but, perhaps, the evil has more of them? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then I am to call you a rhetorician? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then I was right in saying that a man may do what seems good to him in a state, and not have great power, and not do what he wills? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then a man may delight a whole assembly, and yet have no regard for their true interests? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then are the good and bad good and bad in a nearly equal degree, or have the bad the advantage both in good and evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then arithmetic as well as rhetoric is an artificer of persuasion? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then doing injustice will have an excess of evil, and will therefore be a greater evil than suffering injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he ceases from pain and pleasure at the same moment? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he is benefited? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he lives worst, who, having been unjust, has no deliverance from injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he who is punished and suffers retribution, suffers justly? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he who is punished is delivered from the evil of his soul? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then he who is punished suffers what is good? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then if great power is a good as you allow, will such a one have great power in a state? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then injustice and intemperance, and in general the depravity of the soul, are the greatest of evils? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then let me raise another question; there is such a thing as''having learned''? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then medicine also treats of discourse? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then pleasure is not the same as good fortune, or pain the same as evil fortune, and therefore the good is not the same as the pleasant? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then poetry is a sort of rhetoric? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then restraint or chastisement is better for the soul than intemperance or the absence of control, which you were just now preferring? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then rhetoric does not treat of all kinds of discourse? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then rhetoric is not the only artificer of persuasion? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the art of money- making frees a man from poverty; medicine from disease; and justice from intemperance and injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the good and the bad are pleased and pained in a nearly equal degree? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the house in which order and regularity prevail is good; that in which there is disorder, evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the laws of the many are the laws of the superior? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the many are by nature superior to the one, against whom, as you were saying, they make the laws? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then the punisher does what is honourable, and the punished suffers what is honourable? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then they are the laws of the better; for the superior class are far better, as you were saying? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then they can only exceed in the other? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then they do not exceed in pain? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then those who rejoice are good when goods are present with them? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then those who rejoice are good, and those who are in pain evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then those who want nothing are not truly said to be happy? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then to which service of the State do you invite me? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then upon this view, Pericles was not a good statesman? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then we have found the reason why there is no dishonour in a man receiving pay who is called in to advise about building or any other art? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then, as this is admitted, let me ask whether being punished is suffering or acting? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then, as would appear, power and art have to be provided in order that we may do no injustice? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then, as you are in earnest, shall we proceed with the argument? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Then, if you approve the question, Gorgias, what is the answer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: There is pleasure in drinking? |
1672 | SOCRATES: To do wrong, then, is second only in the scale of evils; but to do wrong and not to be punished, is first and greatest of all? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Very good, Callicles; but will he answer our questions? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well now, suppose that we strip all poetry of song and rhythm and metre, there will remain speech? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, Polus, but if this is true, where is the great use of rhetoric? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, and is not he who has learned carpentering a carpenter? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, and was not this the point in dispute, my friend? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, but do you admit that the wiser is the better? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, but is there a false knowledge as well as a true? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, if you are willing to proceed, determine this question for me:--There is something, I presume, which you would call knowledge? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Well, my friend, but what do you think of swimming; is that an art of any great pretensions? |
1672 | SOCRATES: What are we to do, then? |
1672 | SOCRATES: What are you saying, Polus? |
1672 | SOCRATES: What events? |
1672 | SOCRATES: What is the name which is given to the effect of harmony and order in the body? |
1672 | SOCRATES: What sort of discourse, Gorgias?--such discourse as would teach the sick under what treatment they might get well? |
1672 | SOCRATES: When you are thirsty? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Which condition may not be really good, but good only in appearance? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Which rejoice and sorrow most-- the wise or the foolish? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Which, then, is the best of these three? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Why then? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Why, did you not say just now that the rhetoricians are like tyrants, and that they kill and despoil or exile any one whom they please? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Will you ask me, what sort of an art is cookery? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Will you understand my answer? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Will you, who are so desirous to gratify others, afford a slight gratification to me? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Wisdom and health and wealth and the like you would call goods, and their opposites evils? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Words which do what? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Would any other man prefer a greater to a less evil? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Would he not be utterly at a loss for a reply? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Yes, I do; and what is the name which you would give to the effect of harmony and order in the soul? |
1672 | SOCRATES: Yes, because the patient is delivered from a great evil; and this is the advantage of enduring the pain-- that you get well? |
1672 | SOCRATES: You further said that the wrong- doer is happy if he be unpunished? |
1672 | SOCRATES: You said also, that no man could have good and evil fortune at the same time? |
1672 | SOCRATES: You were saying, in fact, that the rhetorician will have greater powers of persuasion than the physician even in a matter of health? |
1672 | SOCRATES: You would further admit that there is a good condition of either of them? |
1672 | SOCRATES:--Who are to punish them? |
1672 | Shall I pursue the question? |
1672 | Shall I tell you why I anticipate this? |
1672 | Shall I tell you why I think so? |
1672 | Shall we break off in the middle? |
1672 | Shall we say that? |
1672 | Should we not examine him before we entrusted him with the office? |
1672 | Such are their respective lives:--And now would you say that the life of the intemperate is happier than that of the temperate? |
1672 | Tell me, Callicles, if a person were to ask these questions of you, what would you answer? |
1672 | Tell me, Socrates, are you in earnest, or only in jest? |
1672 | Tell me, then, Callicles, how about making any of the citizens better? |
1672 | Than themselves? |
1672 | The answer depends on another question: What use did the children of Cronos make of their time? |
1672 | Then are not the many superior to the one, and the opinions of the many better? |
1672 | Then these are the points at issue between us-- are they not? |
1672 | There remains the other question: Is a guilty man better off when he is punished or when he is unpunished? |
1672 | This is what I believe that you mean( and you must not suppose that I am word- catching), if you allow that the one is superior to the ten thousand? |
1672 | Though we are not going to banish the poets, how can we suppose that such utterances have any healing or life- giving influence on the minds of men? |
1672 | To him again I shall say, Who are you, honest friend, and what is your business? |
1672 | To what class of things do the words which rhetoric uses relate? |
1672 | Under his protection he will suffer no evil, but will he also do no evil? |
1672 | Was not this said? |
1672 | Was there ever a man who was once vicious, or unjust, or intemperate, or foolish, and became by the help of Callicles good and noble? |
1672 | Was there ever such a man, whether citizen or stranger, slave or freeman? |
1672 | We ask the question, Where were men before birth? |
1672 | We may assume the existence of bodies and of souls? |
1672 | Well, you and I say to him, and are you a creator of wealth? |
1672 | What do you mean? |
1672 | What do you say to this? |
1672 | What do you say? |
1672 | What do you say? |
1672 | What do you suppose that the physician would be able to reply when he found himself in such a predicament? |
1672 | What greater good can men have, Socrates?'' |
1672 | What is feeling but rhetoric? |
1672 | What is to be said about all this? |
1672 | What nonsense are you talking? |
1672 | What part of flattery is rhetoric? |
1672 | What right have you to despise the engine- maker, and the others whom I was just now mentioning? |
1672 | What then distinguishes rhetoric from the other arts which have to do with words? |
1672 | What then is his meaning? |
1672 | When the assembly meets to elect a physician or a shipwright or any other craftsman, will the rhetorician be taken into counsel? |
1672 | Which of the arts then are flatteries? |
1672 | Who is the true poet? |
1672 | Whom did they make better? |
1672 | Whom has he made better? |
1672 | Whom would you say that you had improved by your conversation? |
1672 | Why are you silent, Polus? |
1672 | Why do I say this? |
1672 | Why do you ask me whether rhetoric is a fine thing or not, when I have not as yet told you what rhetoric is? |
1672 | Why do you not answer? |
1672 | Why will you not answer? |
1672 | Will Callicles still maintain this? |
1672 | Will he not rather contrive to do as much wrong as possible, and not be punished? |
1672 | Will the good soul be that in which disorder is prevalent, or that in which there is harmony and order? |
1672 | Will you ask me another question-- What is cookery? |
1672 | Will you keep your promise, and answer shortly the questions which are asked of you? |
1672 | Would he not be a bad manager of any animals who received them gentle, and made them fiercer than they were when he received them? |
1672 | You mean to say that one man of sense ought to rule over ten thousand fools? |
1672 | You say that you can make any man, who will learn of you, a rhetorician? |
1672 | You will admit, I suppose, that good and evil fortune are opposed to each other? |
1672 | and does all happiness consist in this? |
1672 | and was any one else ever known to be cured by him, whether slave or freeman? |
1672 | and you said,''The painter of figures,''should I not be right in asking,''What kind of figures, and where do you find them?'' |
1672 | are they not like tyrants? |
1672 | did you never hear that Themistocles was a good man, and Cimon and Miltiades and Pericles, who is just lately dead, and whom you heard yourself? |
1672 | do you mean that I may not use as many words as I please? |
1672 | do you think that rhetoric is flattery? |
1672 | must he have the power, or only the will to obtain them? |
1672 | my philosopher, is that your line? |
1672 | or the good for the sake of the pleasant? |
1672 | or the weaver to have more coats, or the cobbler larger shoes, or the farmer more seed? |
1672 | or what ignorance more disgraceful than this? |
1672 | or who would undertake the duty of state- physician, if he had never cured either himself or any one else? |
1672 | or would you say that the coward has more? |
1672 | to be one of those arts which act always and fulfil all their ends through the medium of words? |
1672 | will you ask him, Chaerephon--? |
1672 | you mean those fools,--the temperate? |
1177 | Do you admit that any one purposing to build a perfect house( 13) will plan to make it at once as pleasant and as useful to live in as possible? |
1177 | Do you think, sirs, that we ought to thank Theodote for displaying her beauty to us, or she us for coming to gaze at her?... 1177 From whom may the doer of a deed of kindness more confidently expect the recompense of gratitude than from your lover of the law? |
1177 | Heracles hearing these words made answer:''What, O lady, is the name you bear?'' 1177 It is pleasant to have one''s house cool in summer and warm in winter, is it not?" |
1177 | Or,interposed another,"what if the dainty dishes he devours are out of all proportion to the rest of his meal-- what of him?" |
1177 | Rep.372 C.( 5) Or,"The conversation had fallen upon names: what is the precise thing denoted under such and such a term? |
1177 | Shall I appoint a mariner to be skipper of my vessel, or a landsman? |
1177 | Then spoke Virtue:''Nay, wretched one, what good thing hast thou? 1177 Was it open to him,"Socrates inquired of the speaker,"in case he failed to understand their commands in any point, to ask for an explanation?" |
1177 | You have not( in your employ) a body of handicraftsmen of any sort? |
1177 | and what of the man who eats much{ opson} on the top of a little({ sitos})? |
1177 | could you say that the beneficial is anything else than good( or a good)? |
1177 | his practice must square with his knowledge and be the outward expression of his belief? |
1177 | ( 1) Or,"When some one retorted upon him with the question:''Can courage be taught?''" |
1177 | ( 11) But for me what disgrace is it that others should fail of a just decision and right acts concerning me?... |
1177 | ( 12)( 12) Or,"how do you make a well- proportioned corselet fit an ill- proportioned body? |
1177 | ( 12)( 12) Or,"may a man deal with his fellow- men arbitrarily according to his fancy?" |
1177 | ( 14) Add,"Can service ally in friendship with disservice? |
1177 | ( 14) Can service ally in friendship with disservice? |
1177 | ( 14) The question arises: how far is the conversation historical or imaginary? |
1177 | ( 14)( 14) Or,"Is that to choose the path of safety, think you? |
1177 | ( 15) I suppose you try to run off one string of letters to- day and to- morrow another? |
1177 | ( 18)( 18) Or,"and no one who knows what he must and should do imagines that he must and should not do it?" |
1177 | ( 19)( 19) Or,"and nobody that you know of does the contrary of what he thinks he should do?" |
1177 | ( 2) Or,"the money- lender? |
1177 | ( 20) or( as the youth signified dissent) possibly a rhapsodist? |
1177 | ( 21)( 21) Or,"is of greater evidential value,""ubi res adsunt, quid opus est verbis?" |
1177 | ( 22)( 22) Or,"is not abstinence from wrongdoing synonymous with righteous behaviour?" |
1177 | ( 28) How then should a man honour the gods with more beautiful or holier honour than by doing what they bid him? |
1177 | ( 28) Why? |
1177 | ( 3) Do not you see how each time he has been choragos( 4) he has been successful with one chorus after another? |
1177 | ( 3) Or add,"''What is this among things? |
1177 | ( 3) Was a man able on the one hand to recognise things beautiful and good sufficiently to live in them? |
1177 | ( 33)( 33) Or,"Can it be said that those who are unable to cope nobly with their perilous surroundings know how they ought to deal with them?" |
1177 | ( 38) Such being his conduct, was he not worthy of high honour from the state of Athens? |
1177 | ( 41)( 41) Or,"In the management of moneys, then, his strength will consist in his rendering the state better provided with ways and means?" |
1177 | ( 5) Whereupon Socrates, appealing to the company:"Can we explain why we call a man a''dainty fellow''? |
1177 | ( 5)( 5) Or,"can you give me a definition of the pious man? |
1177 | ( 6) Is it not so? |
1177 | ( 6) this coping of the region above the eyes with cornice- work of eyebrow so that no drop of sweat fall from the head and injure them? |
1177 | ( 6){ opsophagos}={ opson}( or relish) eater, and so a"gourmand"or"epicure"; but how to define a gourmand? |
1177 | ( 8)"And if this be so concerning wisdom,{ sophia}, what of{ sophrasune}, soundness of soul-- sobriety?" |
1177 | ( Let us pause and ask how could man die more nobly and more beautifully than in the way described? |
1177 | ( rejoined Socrates), do you not see that to gratify a man like yourself is far pleasanter as a matter of self- interest than to quarrel with you? |
1177 | --"Do you find it strange"( he continued),"that to the Godhead it should appear better for me to close my life at once? |
1177 | 7 D. In answer to the question: what is leisure? |
1177 | A man had administered a severe whipping to the slave in attendance on him, and when Socrates asked:"Why he was so wroth with his own serving- man?" |
1177 | After such sort he handled the question, what is the virtue of a good leader? |
1177 | Again, suppose he deceives the foe while at war with them? |
1177 | Again, to chastise the bad and reward the good belongs to both alike, methinks? |
1177 | Ah, Glaucon( he exclaimed), so you have determined to become prime minister? |
1177 | And I presume that he who does what is just is just, and he who does what is unjust is unjust? |
1177 | And I presume the law- loving citizen will do what is just and right, while the lawless man will do what is unjust and wrong? |
1177 | And also to assign to those best qualified to perform them their distinctive tasks? |
1177 | And am I to hold away from their attendant topics also-- the just, the holy, and the like? |
1177 | And by things right and just you know what sort of things are meant? |
1177 | And by what like contrivance would you have me catch my lovers? |
1177 | And can worse befall a man, think you? |
1177 | And can you suppose any other people to be good in respect of such things except those who are able to cope with them and turn them to noble account? |
1177 | And can you tell me what sort of person the pious man is? |
1177 | And did the magic words of this spell serve for all men alike? |
1177 | And did you imagine( replied Socrates) that it was possible for a bad man to make good friends? |
1177 | And did you notice an inscription somewhere on the temple:{ GNOMI SEAUTON}--KNOW THYSELF? |
1177 | And do anxiety and relief of mind occasioned by the good or evil fortune of those we love both wear the same expression? |
1177 | And do you consider it to the interest of both alike to win the adherence of supporters and allies? |
1177 | And do you know of anybody doing other than what he feels bound to do? |
1177 | And do you not agree that he who is destined to rule must train himself to bear these things lightly? |
1177 | And do you not regard it as right and just to abstain from wrong? |
1177 | And do you suppose that any one who knows what things he ought to do supposes that he ought not to do them? |
1177 | And do you think the Boeotians could furnish a better pick of fine healthy men than the Athenians? |
1177 | And does any man honour the gods otherwise than he thinks he ought? |
1177 | And does he who lies and deceives with intent know what is right rather than he who does either or both unconsciously? |
1177 | And does it not closely concern them both to be good guardians of their respective charges? |
1177 | And does not the faithful imitation of the various affections of the body when engaged in any action impart a particular pleasure to the beholder? |
1177 | And for the better-- which? |
1177 | And has this mother ever done you any injury-- such as people frequently receive from beasts, by bite or kick? |
1177 | And have upright men( continued Socrates) their distinctive and appropriate works like those of carpenters or shoe- makers? |
1177 | And have you thought how to whet the courage of your troopers? |
1177 | And have you troubled your head at all to consider how you are to secure the obedience of your men? |
1177 | And have you understood what it is they do to get that bad name? |
1177 | And he who has the{ episteme} of things rightful is more righteous than he who lacks the{ episteme}? |
1177 | And he who honours as he ought is a pious man? |
1177 | And he who knows how he must honour the gods conceives that he ought not to do so except in the manner which accords with his knowledge? |
1177 | And how did Themistocles( 11) win our city''s love? |
1177 | And how did he come off on the journey? |
1177 | And how long do you expect your body to be equal to providing the necessaries of life for hire? |
1177 | And how many others, pray, do you suppose have been seized on account of their wisdom, and despatched to the great king and at his court enslaved? |
1177 | And how might I hit upon any artifice to attract him? |
1177 | And if he had faith in the gods, how could he fail to recognise them? |
1177 | And if there is to be no laying on of the hands, there must be no application either of the lips; is it agreed? |
1177 | And if we turn to private life, what better protection can a man have than obedience to the laws? |
1177 | And if you wanted to induce some friend to look after your affairs during your absence abroad, how would you achieve your purpose? |
1177 | And if you wished to get some foreign friend to take you under his roof while visiting his country, what would you do? |
1177 | And in the event of war, by rendering his state superior to her antagonists? |
1177 | And in your opinion, Hippias, is the legislation of the gods just and righteous, or the reverse of what is just and righteous? |
1177 | And is it allowable to honour the gods in any mode or fashion one likes? |
1177 | And is it your opinion that there is a lore and science of Right and Justice just as there is of letters and grammar? |
1177 | And is there anything else good except that which is beneficial, should you say? |
1177 | And is this, that, and the other thing beautiful for aught else except that to which it may be beautifully applied? |
1177 | And is wisdom anything else than that by which a man is wise, think you? |
1177 | And just as the carpenter is able to exhibit his works and products, the righteous man should be able to expound and set forth his, should he not? |
1177 | And let us not forget that the moon herself not only makes clear to us the quarters of the night, but of the month also? |
1177 | And loaves of bread? |
1177 | And pray what is this theory( 20) of yours on the subject? |
1177 | And should you say that any one obeys the laws without knowing what the laws ordain? |
1177 | And so I propound the question to myself as follows:"Have friends, like slaves, their market values?" |
1177 | And the beautiful: can we speak of a thing as beautiful in any other way than relatively? |
1177 | And the enslavement of free- born men? |
1177 | And the same pupil must be furnished with a power of holding out against thirst also when the craving to quench it comes upon him? |
1177 | And these things around and about us, enormous in size, infinite in number, owe their orderly arrangement, as you suppose, to some vacuity of wit? |
1177 | And they who deal well and nobly by mankind are well- doers in respect of human affairs? |
1177 | And they who deal with one another as they ought, deal well and nobly-- is it not so? |
1177 | And this I take to be the strictly legal view of the case, for what does the law require? |
1177 | And this too is plain, is it not: that through self- knowledge men meet with countless blessings, and through ignorance of themselves with many evils? |
1177 | And this, which is the source of opposite effects to the very worst, will be the very best of things? |
1177 | And those people who are of a kind to cope but badly with the same occurrences, it would seem, are bad? |
1177 | And thus, in the art of spinning wool, he liked to point out that women are the rulers of men-- and why? |
1177 | And to win the kindly feeling of their subordinates must surely be the noble ambition of both? |
1177 | And upon his asking"How?" |
1177 | And we can not allow any of these to lie on the R side of the account, to the side of right and justice, can we, Euthydemus? |
1177 | And we may take it the state will grow wealthier in proportion as her revenues increase? |
1177 | And what has such a one to do with the spilling of blood? |
1177 | And what have you seen him doing, that you give him so bad a character? |
1177 | And what is it in which you desire to excel, Euthydemus, that you collect books? |
1177 | And what is the distinction, Euthydemus( he asked), between a man devoid of self- control and the dullest of brute beasts? |
1177 | And what is the inevitable penalty paid by those who, being related as parents and children, intermingle in marriage? |
1177 | And what of courage,( 29) Euthydemus? |
1177 | And what of measures passed by a minority, not by persuasion of the majority, but in the exercise of its power only? |
1177 | And what of this: that whereas we need nutriment, this too the heavenly powers yield us? |
1177 | And what shall we say that wisdom is? |
1177 | And what sort of lords and masters are those, think you, who at once put a stop to what is best and enforce what is worst? |
1177 | And what sort of slavery do you take to be the worst? |
1177 | And when Euthydemus was silent, considering what answer he should make, Socrates added: Possibly you want to be a great doctor? |
1177 | And when the other asked:"And what may that be?" |
1177 | And when( asked he), can health be a source of evil, or disease a source of good? |
1177 | And wherein have you detected in me this power, that you pass so severe a sentence upon me? |
1177 | And which among the components of happiness and well- being can possibly be questionable? |
1177 | And which is colder for bathing-- yours or the cold spring in the cave of Amphiaraus? |
1177 | And which of the two knows what is right-- he who intentionally lies and deceives, or he who lies and deceives unconsciously? |
1177 | And which of the two would you take to be the more united people-- the friendlier among themselves? |
1177 | And which should you say was more a man of letters( 34)--he who intentionally misspells or misreads, or he who does so unconsciously? |
1177 | And which should you say were the better human beings, the free- born members of your household or Ceramon''s slaves? |
1177 | And whom do you consider to be the people? |
1177 | And why do men go soldiering except to ameliorate existence? |
1177 | And why? |
1177 | And would it not seem to be a base thing for a man to be affected like the silliest bird or beast? |
1177 | And yet you imagine that elsewhere no spark of wisdom is to be found? |
1177 | And you admit that people reckon the ungrateful among wrongdoers? |
1177 | And you know the appellation given to certain people--"slavish,"( 39) or,"little better than a slave?" |
1177 | And( 8) soundness of soul, the spirit of temperate modesty? |
1177 | And, I presume, also the prohibition of intermarriage between parents and children? |
1177 | And, I presume, to honour parents is also customary everywhere? |
1177 | And, again, to have some one over you who will prevent you doing the like seems a loss of freedom? |
1177 | And, on the other, he who has the knowledge of what is right is more righteous than he who lacks that knowledge? |
1177 | Are not these intended for you also? |
1177 | Are they admired the rather or despised? |
1177 | Are they all like each other? |
1177 | Are we to be called dainty eaters because we like our bread buttered?" |
1177 | Are we, or are we not, to apply the term violence to these? |
1177 | Are you not a man? |
1177 | Are you not an Athenian? |
1177 | As though a man should inquire,"Am I to choose an expert driver as my coachman, or one who has never handled the reins?" |
1177 | Barley meal is a useful product, is it not? |
1177 | But do you know any other love- charms, Socrates? |
1177 | But do you not see that modesty and timidity are feelings implanted in man''s nature? |
1177 | But how are we to test these qualities, Socrates, before acquaintance? |
1177 | But how convert them into friends? |
1177 | But how or why should they breed them ill where nothing hinders them, being of a good stock themselves and producing from stock as good? |
1177 | But is it likely now? |
1177 | But may I ask is this judgment the result of personal inspection? |
1177 | But maybe there is another considerable advantage in this"fitting"? |
1177 | But now, Euthydemus, has it ever occurred to you to note one fact? |
1177 | But now, are you aware, Hippias, of certain unwritten laws? |
1177 | But now, he who honours lawfully honours as he ought? |
1177 | But now, with regard to human beings; is it allowable to deal with men in any way one pleases? |
1177 | But perhaps you object to enthusiasm displayed in defence of one''s home and fatherland in war? |
1177 | But suppose I do, and suppose that, for all my attempts, he shows no change for the better? |
1177 | But suppose you sweep away the outposts( he asked), may not something worse, think you, be the consequence? |
1177 | But supposing a man to be elected general, and he succeeds in enslaving an unjust, wicked, and hostile state, are we to say that he is doing wrong? |
1177 | But tell me( he proceeded), do you owe service to any living being, think you? |
1177 | But tell me, did he teach you how to draw up troops in general, or specifically where and how to apply each particular kind of tactical arrangement? |
1177 | But tell me, how shall I assist you best, think you? |
1177 | But then are not the wearer''s bodies themselves( asked Socrates) some well proportioned and others ill? |
1177 | But then, he who does what is just and right is upright and just? |
1177 | But then, he who does what is just and right is upright and just? |
1177 | But would it not have been better to inquire first what is the work or function of a good citizen? |
1177 | But, Pericles, violence and lawlessness-- how do we define them? |
1177 | But, Socrates, what kind of man shall we endeavour to make our friend? |
1177 | By praising you falsely or by persuading you to try to be a good man? |
1177 | Can a man be said, do you think, to know himself who knows his own name and nothing more? |
1177 | Can anything more seriously militate against these than this same incontinence? |
1177 | Can it be said that those who are unable to cope well with them or to turn them to noble account know how they must and should deal with them? |
1177 | Can it be that you alone are excepted as a signal instance of Divine neglect? |
1177 | Can it be that you despise these penalties affixed to an evil habit? |
1177 | Can you tell us what set you wishing to be a general of cavalry, young sir? |
1177 | Can you then assert( asked Socrates) of these unwritten laws that men made them? |
1177 | Clearly they are wise in what they know;( 23) for how could a man have wisdom in that which he does not know? |
1177 | Come now, what when the people of Athens make inquiry by oracle, and the gods''answer comes? |
1177 | Could we expect such an one to save us or to master our foes? |
1177 | Deceit too is not uncommon? |
1177 | Did they not make the tongue also? |
1177 | Did you, possibly, pay no regard to the inscription? |
1177 | Do I understand you to ask me whether I know anything good for fever? |
1177 | Do human beings in general attain to well- tempered manhood by a course of idling, or by carefully attending to what will be of use? |
1177 | Do not you know that relatively to the same standard all things are at once beautiful and good? |
1177 | Do you agree, then, that we must hold aloof from every one so dominated? |
1177 | Do you find that your domestics seem to mind drinking it or washing in it? |
1177 | Do you imagine that one thing is good and another beautiful? |
1177 | Do you mean to assert that the same things may be beautiful and ugly? |
1177 | Do you mean to assert( he asked) that lawful and just are synonymous terms? |
1177 | Do you not know that even a weakling by nature may, by dint of exercise and practice, come to outdo a giant who neglects his body? |
1177 | Do you not know the sharper the appetite the less the need of sauces, the keener the thirst the less the desire for out- of- the- way drinks? |
1177 | Do you not note your brother''s character, proud and frank and sensitive to honour? |
1177 | Do you not observe their discipline in all naval matters? |
1177 | Do you not see how dangerous it is for a man to speak or act beyond the range( 14) of his knowledge? |
1177 | Do you not see( to speak of a much less noble sort of game) what a number of devices are needed to bag a hare? |
1177 | Do you pour contempt upon those blessings which flow from the healthy state? |
1177 | Do you really mean, Socrates, that it is the function of the same man to provide efficient choruses and to act as commander- in- chief? |
1177 | Do you think you could lightly endure them? |
1177 | Does it seem to you that the same thing is equally advantageous to all? |
1177 | Does it surprise you? |
1177 | Does not the term apply to all who can make any sort of useful product or commodity? |
1177 | Does not the very soundness imply at once health and strength? |
1177 | Does some terror confound? |
1177 | Does that sound like the perfection of athletic training? |
1177 | Doing? |
1177 | Empty- handed, or had he something to carry? |
1177 | Enact on the hypothesis that it is right to do what is good? |
1177 | Even so; but ought we to regard those things which at one moment benefit and at another moment injure us in any strict sense good rather than evil? |
1177 | For I presume you can not make them all exactly equal and of one pattern-- if you make them fit, as of course you do? |
1177 | For how can such people, the ungrateful, or reckless, or covetous, or faithless, or incontinent, adhere together as friends? |
1177 | For how long a time could the corn supplies from the country districts support the city? |
1177 | For how should they who do evil be friends with those who hate all evil- doing? |
1177 | For what other creature, to begin with, has a soul to appreciate the existence of the gods who have arranged this grand and beauteous universe? |
1177 | For who would care to have in his house a fellow with so slight a disposition to work and so strong a propensity to extravagance? |
1177 | From what source shall we learn them? |
1177 | From what source, then, do you get your means of subsistence? |
1177 | Had he, on the other hand, knowledge of the"base and foul"so as to beware of them? |
1177 | Had the Sirens only to utter this one incantation, and was every listener constrained to stay? |
1177 | Have you ever seen me battling with any one for shade on account of the heat? |
1177 | He did not, did not he? |
1177 | He would ask first: Did these investigators feel their knowledge of things human so complete that they betook themselves to these lofty speculations? |
1177 | He would be forced to imitate the good flute player in the externals of his art, would he not? |
1177 | Here would have been a fair test to apply to Socrates: Was he guilty of any base conduct himself? |
1177 | How am I to teach them that? |
1177 | How appropriate( 11) would such a preface sound on the lips of any one seeking, say, the office of state physician,( 12) would it not? |
1177 | How are we to inculcate this lesson? |
1177 | How are you to teach them that? |
1177 | How can you suppose that they do not so take thought? |
1177 | How could a man be wise in what he lacks the knowledge of?" |
1177 | How much sorrow and pain, when you were ill? |
1177 | How shall I woo and win you? |
1177 | How should I be ignorant of the art of dealing with my brother if I know the art of repaying kind words and good deeds in kind? |
1177 | How so? |
1177 | How so? |
1177 | How then shall I create this hunger in the heart of my friends? |
1177 | How then( he asked) can that be beautiful which is unlike the beautiful? |
1177 | How will you charge at the head of such a troop, and win glory for the state? |
1177 | I ask you, when you see all these things constructed with such show of foresight can you doubt whether they are products of chance or intelligence? |
1177 | I have fourteen free- born souls, I tell you, under my single roof, and how are we to live? |
1177 | I presume that those who obey the laws do what is just and right? |
1177 | I presume to turn a thing to its proper use is to apply it beautifully? |
1177 | I presume you also know who the rich are? |
1177 | I presume you rank courage among things beautiful? |
1177 | I suppose you mean that, besides his other qualifications a commandant of cavalry must have command of speech and argument? |
1177 | I suppose you refer to that judgment of the gods which, for their virtue''s sake, Cecrops and his followers were called on to decide? |
1177 | I suppose, Parrhasius( said he), painting may be defined as"a representation of visible objects,"may it not? |
1177 | I understand you to say that a straightforward course is not in every case to be pursued even in dealing with friends? |
1177 | IV At another time, seeing Nicomachides on his way back from the elections( of magistrates),( 1) he asked him: Who are elected generals, Nicomachides? |
1177 | IX Being again asked by some one: could courage be taught,( 1) or did it come by nature? |
1177 | If this then be so concerning these virtues,( 9) what with regard to carefulness and devotion to all that ought to occupy us? |
1177 | If thou openest thy lips in speech, who will believe thy word? |
1177 | If, then, I can prove to my troopers that I am better than all of them, will that suffice to win their obedience? |
1177 | Ignorance, for instance, of smithying? |
1177 | In answer to the question: what is envy? |
1177 | In conduct and language his behaviour conformed to the rule laid down by the Pythia( 2) in reply to the question,"How shall we act?" |
1177 | In fact, then, the wise are wise in knowledge? |
1177 | In making a purchase even, I am not to ask, what is the price of this? |
1177 | In the first place, what evidence did they produce that Socrates refused to recognise the gods acknowledged by the state? |
1177 | In what way? |
1177 | Is he more likely to secure his salvation that way, think you, or to compass his own swift destruction?" |
1177 | Is he not expected to get up and offer him his seat, to pay him the honour of a soft couch,( 6) to yield him precedence in argument? |
1177 | Is it a term suggestive of the wisdom or the ignorance of those to whom it is applied? |
1177 | Is it not rather to sign his own death- warrent?" |
1177 | Is it not so? |
1177 | Is it not the custom everywhere for the younger to step aside when he meets his elder in the street and to give him place? |
1177 | Is it not when a stronger man forces a weaker to do what seems right to him-- not by persuasion but by compulsion? |
1177 | Is that the ground of your confidence? |
1177 | Is that your attitude, or do you admit that you owe allegiance to somebody? |
1177 | Is the author thinking of a life- and- death struggle with Thebes? |
1177 | Is the sequel extraordinary? |
1177 | Is there need of kindly action in any quarter? |
1177 | Is this possibly the explanation? |
1177 | It comes to this then: he who knows what the law requires in reference to the gods will honour the gods in the lawful way? |
1177 | It follows, then, that in proportion to the greatness of the benefit conferred, the greater his misdoing who fails to requite the kindness? |
1177 | It is a fair inference, is it not, that he who has the{ episteme} of grammar is more grammatical than he who has no such{ episteme}? |
1177 | It is a noble quality? |
1177 | It looks, does it not, Euthydemus, as if self- control were the best thing a man could have? |
1177 | It seems that those who have no fear in face of dangers, simply because they do not know what they are, are not courageous? |
1177 | It seems that you regard courage as useful to no mean end? |
1177 | It would appear that he who knows what the law requires with respect to the gods will correctly be defined as a pious man, and that is our definition? |
1177 | It would appear, then, that the law- loving man is just, and the lawless unjust? |
1177 | It would seem that he who knows what things are lawful( 20) as concerning men does the things that are just and right? |
1177 | It would seem that the seed of those who are not yet in their prime or have passed their prime is not good? |
1177 | It would seem that the useful is beautiful relatively to that for which it is of use? |
1177 | It would seem the wisdom of each is limited to his knowledge; each is wise only in what he knows? |
1177 | It would seem then that the sculptor is called upon to incorporate in his ideal form the workings and energies also of the soul? |
1177 | It would seem then( pursued Socrates) that the incontinent man is bound over to the worst sort of slavery, would it not? |
1177 | It would seem then, Hippias, the gods themselves are well pleased that"the lawful"and"the just"should be synonymous? |
1177 | It would seem to follow that if a tyrant, without persuading the citizens, drives them by enactment to do certain things-- that is lawlessness? |
1177 | It would seem to follow that knowledge and wisdom are the same? |
1177 | It would seem to follow that the beneficial is good relatively to him to whom it is beneficial? |
1177 | It would seem to follow that they who do what the laws ordain both do what is right and just and what they ought? |
1177 | It would seem to follow that those who have the knowledge how to behave are also those who have the power? |
1177 | It would seem you are decidedly of opinion that the incontinent are the reverse of free? |
1177 | It would seem, conversely, that they who cope ill have made some egregious blunder? |
1177 | Let us take the case of deceiving a friend to his detriment: which is the more wrongful-- to do so voluntarily or unintentionally? |
1177 | Lying exists among men, does it not? |
1177 | May I ask, does it seem to you possible for a man to know all the things that are? |
1177 | May it be that both one and the other class do use these circumstances as they think they must and should? |
1177 | May it not perhaps be( asked Socrates) that in this department they are officered by those who have the least knowledge? |
1177 | May our body be said to have a soul? |
1177 | Must there not be a reciprocity of service to make friendship lasting?" |
1177 | Must we not suppose that these too will take their sorrows lightly, looking to these high ends? |
1177 | Nay, how( he answered) should that be, for how could they all have come together from the ends of the earth? |
1177 | Nay, what sort of meshes have I? |
1177 | No doubt( replied Socrates) you have accomplished that initial step? |
1177 | No? |
1177 | Nor answers either, I suppose, if the inquiry concerns what I know, as, for instance, where does Charicles live? |
1177 | Now I ask you, have you ever noticed that I keep more within doors than others on account of the cold? |
1177 | Now is it not insensate stupidity( 8) to use for injury what was meant for advantage? |
1177 | Now you, I daresay, through versatility of knowledge,( 14) never say the same thing twice over on the same subject? |
1177 | Now, why? |
1177 | Obviously you propose to remove all those which are superfluous? |
1177 | Once more then: how should a man of this character corrupt the young? |
1177 | Only, will you be"at home"to me? |
1177 | Or again, what good would there be in odours if nostrils had not been bestowed upon us? |
1177 | Or did they maintain that they were playing their proper parts in thus neglecting the affairs of man to speculate on the concerns of God? |
1177 | Or do you believe that your mother is really ill disposed towards you? |
1177 | Or do you maintain that the evil habit is healthier, and in general more useful than the good? |
1177 | Or do you not think that a fact is worth more as evidence than a word? |
1177 | Or have the fruits of your marketing a flavour denied to mine? |
1177 | Or have you not heard of the"woes of Palamedes,"( 51) that commonest theme of song, how for his wisdom''s sake Odysseus envied him and slew him? |
1177 | Or how do you proceed when you discover the like tendency in one of your domestics? |
1177 | Or on an embassy as a diplomatist, I presume, by securing friends in place of enemies? |
1177 | Or steals and pillages their property? |
1177 | Or, to put it conversely, what slave of pleasure will not suffer degeneracy of soul and body? |
1177 | Please, Pericles, can you teach me what a law is? |
1177 | Possibly Xenophon is imitating( caricaturing?) |
1177 | Possibly in face of terrors and dangers you would consider it an advantage to be ignorant of them? |
1177 | Possibly( he answered); but why do you address these questions to me? |
1177 | Pray tell me, Theodote, have you an estate in the country? |
1177 | Pray, my son, did you ever hear of certain people being called ungrateful? |
1177 | Prepared not to please or try to please a single soul? |
1177 | Presently Socrates proceeded: Then this is clear, Glaucon, is it not? |
1177 | Shall the vanguard consist of men who are greediest of honour? |
1177 | Shall we begin our inquiry from the beginning, as it were, with the bare elements of food and nutriment? |
1177 | Shall we not admit that he is doing what is right? |
1177 | Shall we then at this point turn and inquire which of the two are likely to lead the pleasanter life, the rulers or the ruled? |
1177 | Shall we( Socrates continued), shall we balance the arguments for and against, and consider to what extent the possibility does exist? |
1177 | Should he not try to become as dear as possible, so that his friends will not care to give him up? |
1177 | Should you not have said that he was remarkable for his prudence rather than thoughtless or foolhardy? |
1177 | So here, maybe, you will try to add to the wealth of the state? |
1177 | So tell me, Aristodemus( he began), are there any human beings who have won your admiration for their wisdom? |
1177 | So then everything which we set down on the side of Wrong will now have to be placed to the credit of Right? |
1177 | So then you would counsel me to weave myself some sort of net? |
1177 | Socrates said:( 5) Tell me, Euthydemus, has it ever struck you to observe what tender pains the gods have taken to furnish man with all his needs? |
1177 | Suppose we stop and consider that very point: how do masters deal with that sort of domestic? |
1177 | Suppose you wanted to get some acquaintance to invite you to dinner when he next keeps holy day,( 4) what steps would you take? |
1177 | Supposing it is not the majority, but, as in the case of an oligarchy, the minority, who meet and enact the rules of conduct, what are these? |
1177 | Tell me( said Socrates, addressing Critobulus), supposing we stood in need of a good friend, how should we set about his discovery? |
1177 | Tell me( said he), Euthydemus, what sort of thing you take piety to be? |
1177 | Tell me, Diodorus, if one of your slaves runs away, are you at pains to recover him? |
1177 | Tell me, Euthydemus( he began), do you believe freedom to be a noble and magnificent acquisition, whether for a man or for a state? |
1177 | Tell me, Xenophon, have you not always believed Critobulus to be a man of sound sense, not wild and self- willed? |
1177 | Tell me, does it seem to you that the wise are wise in what they know,( 22) or are there any who are wise in what they know not? |
1177 | That is a true saying; but how, Socrates, should a man best bring them to this virtue? |
1177 | That much I made quite sure I knew, at any rate; since if I did not know even myself, what in the world did I know? |
1177 | The command to which you are appointed concerns horses and riders, does it not? |
1177 | The first thing will be to make them expert in mounting their chargers? |
1177 | The greatest of all penalties; for what worse calamity can human beings suffer in the production of offspring than to misbeget? |
1177 | The listener must needs be brought to ask himself,"Of what worth am I to my friends?" |
1177 | The works of the temperate spirit and the works of incontinency are, I take it, diametrically opposed? |
1177 | The wretch who can so behave must surely be tormented by an evil spirit? |
1177 | Then I presume even a basket for carrying dung( 11) is a beautiful thing? |
1177 | Then Socrates: Well, but the council which sits on Areopagos is composed of citizens of approved( 28) character, is it not? |
1177 | Then Socrates: Which, think you, would be harder to bear-- a wild beast''s savagery or a mother''s? |
1177 | Then Theodote: Oh why, Socrates, why are you not by my side( like the huntsman''s assistant) to help me catch my friends and lovers? |
1177 | Then children who are so produced are produced not as they ought to be? |
1177 | Then do you believe him to be a free man who is ruled by the pleasures of the body, and thereby can not perform what is best? |
1177 | Then do you wish to be an architect? |
1177 | Then do you wish to be an astronomer? |
1177 | Then for inflammation of the eyes? |
1177 | Then he who knows these laws will know how he must honour the gods? |
1177 | Then health and disease themselves when they prove to be sources of any good are good, but when of any evil, evil? |
1177 | Then here again are looks with it is possible to represent? |
1177 | Then how do you make this quality apparent to the customer so as to justify the higher price-- by measure or weight? |
1177 | Then how do you manage to make the corselet well proportioned if it is to fit an ill- proportioned body? |
1177 | Then if a tyrant, holding the chief power in the state, enacts rules of conduct for the citizens, are these enactments law? |
1177 | Then if that is how the matter stands, ingratitude would be an instance of pure unadulterate wrongdoing? |
1177 | Then is it not to the interest of both to get the upper hand of these? |
1177 | Then it equally concerns them both to be painstaking and prodigal of toil in all their doings? |
1177 | Then it would seem that it is impossible for a man to be all- wise? |
1177 | Then on whom, or what, was the assurance rooted, if not upon God? |
1177 | Then perhaps you possess a house and large revenues along with it? |
1177 | Then possibly ignorance of carpentering? |
1177 | Then the right way to produce children is not that way? |
1177 | Then the voluntary misspeller may be a lettered person, but the involuntary offender is an illiterate? |
1177 | Then these too may be imitated? |
1177 | Then this look, this glance, at any rate may be imitated in the eyes, may it not? |
1177 | Then those who deal with one another in this way, deal with each other as they ought? |
1177 | Then we must in every way strain every nerve to avoid the imputation of being slaves? |
1177 | Then we must keep away from him too? |
1177 | Then what if there is danger to be faced? |
1177 | Then why do you not keep a watchman willing and competent to ward off this pack of people who seek to injure you? |
1177 | Then would you for our benefit enumerate the land and naval forces first of Athens and then of our opponents? |
1177 | Then would you kindly tell us from what sources the revenues of the state are at present derived, and what is their present magnitude? |
1177 | Then you know who the poor are, of course? |
1177 | Then your household do not know how to make any of these? |
1177 | Then, by all that is sacred( Socrates continued), do not keep us in the dark, but tell us in what way do you propose first to benefit the state? |
1177 | Then, on the ground that they are free- born and your kinswomen, you think that they ought to do nothing but eat and sleep? |
1177 | Then, when you can not persuade your uncle, do you imagine you will be able to make the whole Athenian people, uncle and all, obey you? |
1177 | Thereupon Euthydemus: Be assured I fully concur in your opinion; the precept KNOW THYSELF can not be too highly valued; but what is the application? |
1177 | Thereupon Socrates: Tell me, Euthydemus, have you ever been to Delphi? |
1177 | Think of a horse or a yoke of oxen; they have their worth; but who shall gauge the worth of a worthy friend? |
1177 | Think you not that to you also the answer is given? |
1177 | To obey neither general nor ruler of any sort? |
1177 | To which Socrates replied: Tell me, Crito, you keep dogs, do you not, to ward off wolves from your flocks? |
1177 | To which Socrates: Why do not you tell them the fable of the dog? |
1177 | To which Socrates:"Did it ever strike you to consider which of the two in that case the more deserves a whipping-- the master or the man?" |
1177 | To which side of the account then shall we place it? |
1177 | To which side shall we place deceit? |
1177 | Very good, no doubt, if the professor taught you to distinguish good and bad; but if not, where is the use of your learning? |
1177 | Was it that he did not sacrifice? |
1177 | Well now, tell me, is there nobody whom Chaerephon can please any more than he can please yourself; or do some people find him agreeable enough? |
1177 | Well then, for hunger? |
1177 | Well then, is it not a common duty of both to procure the ready obedience of those under them to their orders? |
1177 | Well then, until we have got beyond the region of conjecture shall we defer giving advice on the matter? |
1177 | Well then, you know that in point of numbers the Athenians are not inferior to the Boeotians? |
1177 | Well then, your statement is this: on the one hand, the man who has the knowledge of letters is more lettered than he who has no such knowledge? |
1177 | Well( replied Socrates), I presume you know quite well the distinction between good and bad things: your knowledge may be relied upon so far? |
1177 | Well, and a continence in regard to matters sexual so great that nothing of the sort shall prevent him from doing his duty? |
1177 | Well, and chicanery( 27) or mischief of any sort? |
1177 | Well, and doubtless you feel to have a spark of wisdom yourself? |
1177 | Well, and in parliamentary debate, by putting a stop to party strife and fostering civic concord? |
1177 | Well, and on which of the two shall be bestowed, as a further gift, the voluntary resolution to face toils rather than turn and flee from them? |
1177 | Well, and to which of them will it better accord to be taught all knowledge necessary towards the mastery of antagonists? |
1177 | Well, and what do you say to cloaks for men and for women-- tunics, mantles, vests? |
1177 | Well, and what of that other chance companion-- your fellow- traveller by land or sea? |
1177 | Well, and will you not lay your hand to improve the men themselves? |
1177 | Well, but now suppose you had had to carry his baggage, what would your condition have been like? |
1177 | Well, but the kindly look of love, the angry glance of hate at any one, do find expression in the human subject, do they not? |
1177 | Well, but when it comes to the hazard of engagement, what will you do then? |
1177 | Well, do you wish to be a mathematician, like Theodorus? |
1177 | Well, if one of your domestics is sick, do you tend him and call in the doctors to save his life? |
1177 | Well, ignorance of shoemaking? |
1177 | Well, it is a custom universally respected, is it not, to return good for good, and kindness with kindness? |
1177 | Well, now, is it possible to know what a popular state is without knowing who the people are? |
1177 | Well, prosperity, well- being( 53)( he exclaimed), must surely be a blessing, and that the most indisputable, Socrates? |
1177 | Well, shall we see, then, how we may best avoid making blunders between them? |
1177 | Well, shall you regard it as a part of your duty to see that as many of your men as possible can take aim and shoot on horseback? |
1177 | Well, then, we may expect, may we not, that a desire to grasp food at certain seasons will exhibit itself in both the children? |
1177 | Well; you take no notice of the dog''s ill- temper, you try to propitiate him by kindness; but your brother? |
1177 | Were it not well, Aristippus, to lay to heart these sayings, and to strive to bethink you somewhat of that which touches the future of our life? |
1177 | Were you travelling alone, or was your man- servant with you? |
1177 | Were you under the impression that the commandant was not to open his mouth? |
1177 | What are meant by just and unjust? |
1177 | What becomes of your cavalry force then? |
1177 | What can you expect but to make shipwreck of the craft and yourself together? |
1177 | What do you say? |
1177 | What do you take them to be? |
1177 | What fact? |
1177 | What father, himself sharing the society of his own children, is held to blame for their transgressions, if only his own goodness be established? |
1177 | What is a handicraftsman? |
1177 | What is a state? |
1177 | What is justice? |
1177 | What is left him but to lead a life stale and unprofitable, the scorn and mockery of men? |
1177 | What is piety? |
1177 | What is the beautiful? |
1177 | What is the particular action to which the term applies? |
1177 | What of this, since, to put it compendiously, there is nothing serviceable to the life of man worth speaking of but owes its fabrication to fire? |
1177 | What offspring then( he asked) will be ill produced, ill begotten, and ill born, if not these? |
1177 | What other tribe of animals save man can render service to the gods? |
1177 | What quarter of the world do you hail from, Eutherus? |
1177 | What sane man will venture to join thy rablle rout? |
1177 | What say you concerning such a boon? |
1177 | What say you, Antisthenes?--have friends their values like domestic slaves? |
1177 | What say you? |
1177 | What the noble? |
1177 | What the starting- point of self- examination? |
1177 | What then ought we to do now to recover our former virtue? |
1177 | What was your object? |
1177 | What way? |
1177 | What when they send portents to forewarn the states of Hellas? |
1177 | What, Hippias( Socrates retorted), have you not observed that I am in a chronic condition of proclaiming what I regard as just and upright? |
1177 | When put to the test would not your administration prove ruinous, and the figure you cut ridiculous? |
1177 | When shall we Athenians so obey our magistrates-- we who take a pride, as it were, in despising authority? |
1177 | When some one asked him:"What he regarded as the best pursuit or business( 15) for a man?" |
1177 | When some one else remarked"he was utterly prostrated after a long journey,"Socrates asked him:"Had he had any baggage to carry?" |
1177 | When some one was apprehending the journey to Olympia,"Why are you afraid of the long distance?" |
1177 | Where would you find a more arrant thief, savage, and murderer( 5) than the one? |
1177 | Which is hotter to the taste-- the water in your house or the hot spring in the temple of Asclepius? |
1177 | Which of them claims that? |
1177 | Which of these two sets respectively leads the happier life, in your opinion? |
1177 | Which, then, of the two must be trained, of his own free will,( 4) to prosecute a pressing business rather than gratify the belly? |
1177 | Who else, if not they? |
1177 | Who else, if not? |
1177 | Who has less claim to this than the incontinent man? |
1177 | Whom do you understand by poor and rich? |
1177 | Why did Homer, think you, designate Agamemnon"shepherd of the peoples"? |
1177 | Why, are you really versed in those things, Socrates? |
1177 | Why, bless your soul, do you not see he has only slaves and I have free- born souls to feed? |
1177 | Why, has not the fellow dared to steal a kiss from the son of Alcibiades, most fair of youths and in the golden prime? |
1177 | Why, how else should they deal with them? |
1177 | Why, in what else should a man be wise save only in knowledge? |
1177 | Why, surely you do not suppose you are going to ensnare that noblest of all game-- a lover, to wit-- in so artless a fashion? |
1177 | Why, to be sure; and is it not plain that these animals themselves are born and bred for the sake of man? |
1177 | Why, what will you have them to do, that you may believe and be persuaded that you too are in their thoughts? |
1177 | Will he, with the"beautiful and noble"at his side, be less able to aid his friends? |
1177 | Will not he rather, in proportion as the boy deteriorates in the company of the latter, bestow more heartfelt praise upon the former? |
1177 | Will they manipulate these and the like to suit their needs? |
1177 | Without self- restraint who can lay any good lesson to heart or practise it when learnt in any degree worth speaking of? |
1177 | Would not men have discovered the imposture in all this lapse of time? |
1177 | Would you mention to us their names? |
1177 | Yet they are both sure to meet with enemies? |
1177 | You are not an employer of labour on a large scale? |
1177 | You can not help feeling that they are costly to you, and they must see that you find them a burthen? |
1177 | You know how they capture the creatures on which they live;( 7) by weaving webs of gossamer, is it not? |
1177 | You mean it is a title particularly to those who are ignorant of the beautiful, the good, the just? |
1177 | You mean( Socrates continued) that it is not the exactly- modelled corselet which fits, but that which does not gall the wearer in the using? |
1177 | You state that so and so, whom you admire, is a better citizen that this other whom I admire? |
1177 | You understand what is meant by laws of a city or state? |
1177 | You wish to know what a law is? |
1177 | You would imply, Socrates, would you not, that if we want to win the love of any good man we need to be good ourselves in speech and action? |
1177 | You would say that a thing which is beneficial to one is sometimes hurtful to another? |
1177 | a Hellene? |
1177 | again this readiness of the ear to catch all sounds and yet not to be surcharged? |
1177 | and do you imagine that these lovely creatures infuse nothing with their kiss, simply because you do not see the poison? |
1177 | and even if they had so done, men are not all of one speech? |
1177 | and how are we to effect the capture of this friend of our choice, whom the gods approve? |
1177 | and what do you expect your fate to be after that kiss? |
1177 | and what is its definition?'' |
1177 | and what of that other whose passion for money- making is so absorbing that he has no leisure for anything else, save how he may add to his gains? |
1177 | and what of the man whose strength lies in monetary transactions? |
1177 | and when we have discovered a man whose friendship is worth having, how ought we to make him our friend? |
1177 | and whom would one select as the recipient of kindness rather than a man susceptible of gratitude?" |
1177 | and, that even the winds of heaven may not visit them too roughly, this planting of the eyelashes as a protecting screen? |
1177 | come now, Euthydemus, as concerning the good: ought we to search for the good in this way? |
1177 | did not Socrates cause his associates to despise the established laws when he dwelt on the folly of appointing state officers by ballot? |
1177 | for possibly to perform what is best appears to you to savour of freedom? |
1177 | have you gone yourself and examined the defences? |
1177 | he answered:"Successful conduct";( 16) and to a second question:"Did he then regard good fortune as an end to be pursued?" |
1177 | how well proportioned?" |
1177 | if the vendor is under the age of thirty? |
1177 | is it indifferent to you whether these be friends or not, or do you admit that the goodwill of these is worth securing by some pains on your part? |
1177 | no one will buy it; money? |
1177 | of course we are to include these, for what would happiness be without these? |
1177 | or are you prepared to stand alone? |
1177 | or because they thought, if only we are leagued with him we shall become adepts in statecraft and unrivalled in the arts of speech and action? |
1177 | or can you name any beautiful thing, body, vessel, or whatever it be, which you know of as universally beautiful? |
1177 | or did you give it heed and try to discover who and what you were? |
1177 | or do you rather rest secure in the consciousness that you would prove such a slave as no master would care to keep? |
1177 | or else( 2)"and what is beneficial is good( or a good)? |
1177 | or has no such notion perhaps ever entered their heads, and will they be content simply to know how such things come into existence? |
1177 | or how do you know that they are all maintained as you say? |
1177 | or is all this quite incapable of being depicted? |
1177 | or is it anything else?" |
1177 | or that he dispensed with divination? |
1177 | or to a question of arithmetic,"Does twice five make ten?" |
1177 | or to all mankind? |
1177 | or to do what is bad? |
1177 | or what sweet thing art thou acquainted with-- that wilt stir neither hand nor foot to gain it? |
1177 | or where is Critias to be found? |
1177 | or will his power to benefit the community be shortened because the flower of that community are fellow- workers in that work? |
1177 | p. 381:"in regard to the question wherein consists{ to kalon}?" |
1177 | still repeating the same old talk,( 13) Socrates, which I used to hear from you long ago? |
1177 | that you must needs benefit the city, since you desire to reap her honours? |
1177 | the position of the mouth again, close to the eyes and nostrils as a portal of ingress for all the creature''s supplies? |
1177 | this capacity of the front teeth of all animals to cut and of the"grinders"to receive the food and reduce it to pulp? |
1177 | to follow none? |
1177 | to kindle in them rage to meet the enemy?--which things are but stimulants to make stout hearts stouter? |
1177 | what by courage and cowardice? |
1177 | what by sobriety and madness? |
1177 | what is a ruler over men? |
1177 | what is a ruling character? |
1177 | what is a statesman? |
1177 | what is he like? |
1177 | what is impiety? |
1177 | what is your starting- point? |
1177 | what of any others, you may light upon? |
1177 | what of the quarrelsome and factious person( 4) whose main object is to saddle his friends with a host of enemies? |
1177 | what the base? |
1177 | what the ugly? |
1177 | where shall goodwill and faithfulness be found among men? |
1177 | where such a portent of insolence, incontinence, and high- handedness as the other? |
1177 | where then is his liability to the indictment to be found? |
1177 | will not sheer plundering be free to any ruffian who likes?... |
1177 | will you tell me that? |
1177 | would he not be doing what is right? |
1177 | your answer to- day will differ from that of yesterday? |
1497 | Will he,in the language of Pindar,"make justice his high tower, or fortify himself with crooked deceit?" |
1497 | ''And a true answer, of course:--but what more have they to say?'' |
1497 | ''And can we conceive things greater still?'' |
1497 | ''And do not the natures of men and women differ very much indeed?'' |
1497 | ''And how will they begin their work?'' |
1497 | ''And is her proper state ours or some other?'' |
1497 | ''And what are the highest?'' |
1497 | ''And what can I do more for you?'' |
1497 | ''And what will they say?'' |
1497 | ''But how shall we know the degrees of affinity, when all things are common?'' |
1497 | ''But if many states join their resources, shall we not be in danger?'' |
1497 | ''But then how will our poor city be able to go to war against an enemy who has money?'' |
1497 | ''But will curiosity make a philosopher? |
1497 | ''But, Socrates, what is this supreme principle, knowledge or pleasure, or what? |
1497 | ''But, my dear Socrates, you are forgetting the main question: Is such a State possible? |
1497 | ''But,''said Glaucon, interposing,''are they not to have a relish?'' |
1497 | ''Do you ask whether tragedy and comedy are to be admitted?'' |
1497 | ''Glorious, indeed; but what is to follow?'' |
1497 | ''How can we resist such arguments in favour of injustice? |
1497 | ''I do not understand what you mean?'' |
1497 | ''I should like to know of what constitutions you were speaking?'' |
1497 | ''Is it possible? |
1497 | ''Lover of wisdom,''''lover of knowledge,''are titles which we may fitly apply to that part of the soul? |
1497 | ''Socrates,''he says,''what folly is this?--Why do you agree to be vanquished by one another in a pretended argument?'' |
1497 | ''Surely you are not prepared to prove that?'' |
1497 | ''Sweet Sir,''we will say to him,''what think you of things esteemed noble and ignoble? |
1497 | ''Tell me, Socrates,''he says,''have you a nurse?'' |
1497 | ''Then how are we to describe the true?'' |
1497 | ''Then how is such an admission reconcileable with the doctrine that philosophers should be kings?'' |
1497 | ''Well, and what answer do you give?'' |
1497 | ''What appetites do you mean?'' |
1497 | ''What do you mean?'' |
1497 | ''What, then, shall a man profit, if he gain the whole world''and become more and more wicked? |
1497 | ''When a lively- minded ingenuous youth hears all this, what will be his conclusion? |
1497 | ''Who is that?'' |
1497 | ''Will they not think this a hardship?'' |
1497 | ''You do not mean to say that he will beat his father?'' |
1497 | ), having no reason in them, and yet to be set in authority over the highest matters? |
1497 | --How would you answer him? |
1497 | --What defence will you make for us, my good Sir, against any one who offers these objections? |
1497 | ... He proceeds: What did Simonides mean by this saying of his? |
1497 | A right noble thought; but do you suppose that we shall refrain from asking you what is this highest knowledge? |
1497 | A second and greater wave is rolling in-- community of wives and children; is this either expedient or possible? |
1497 | A state which is intermediate, and a sort of repose of the soul about either-- that is what you mean? |
1497 | Adeimantus added: Has no one told you of the torch- race on horseback in honour of the goddess which will take place in the evening? |
1497 | Admitting that women differ from men in capacity, do not men equally differ from one another? |
1497 | After this manner the democrat was generated out of the oligarch? |
1497 | Again the old question returns upon us: Is justice or injustice the more profitable? |
1497 | Again, as to the devastation of Hellenic territory or the burning of houses, what is to be the practice? |
1497 | Again, has he greater experience of the pleasures of honour, or the lover of honour of the pleasures of wisdom? |
1497 | Again, is not the passionate element wholly set on ruling and conquering and getting fame? |
1497 | Again, pleasure and pain are motions, and the absence of them is rest; but if so, how can the absence of either of them be the other? |
1497 | Again, when pleasure ceases, that sort of rest or cessation will be painful? |
1497 | All of whom will call one another citizens? |
1497 | All that would arise out of his ignorance of the true upper and middle and lower regions? |
1497 | Also they are utterly unjust, if we were right in our notion of justice? |
1497 | Am I not right? |
1497 | Am I not right? |
1497 | Am I not right? |
1497 | Am I not right? |
1497 | Am I not right? |
1497 | And O my friend, I said, surely the gods are just? |
1497 | And a man will be most likely to care about that which he loves? |
1497 | And a narrative it remains both in the speeches which the poet recites from time to time and in the intermediate passages? |
1497 | And again, if he is forgetful and retains nothing of what he learns, will he not be an empty vessel? |
1497 | And agreeably to this mode of thinking and speaking, were we not saying that they will have their pleasures and pains in common? |
1497 | And all arithmetic and calculation have to do with number? |
1497 | And also of the mental ones; his soul is to be full of spirit? |
1497 | And also to be within and between them? |
1497 | And an art requiring as much attention as shoemaking? |
1497 | And another consideration has just occurred to me: You will remember that our young men are to be warrior athletes? |
1497 | And any difference which arises among them will be regarded by them as discord only-- a quarrel among friends, which is not to be called a war? |
1497 | And anything which is infected by any of these evils is made evil, and at last wholly dissolves and dies? |
1497 | And are enemies also to receive what we owe to them? |
1497 | And are not their praises of tyranny alone a sufficient reason why we should exclude them from our State? |
1497 | And are our friends to be only the good, and our enemies to be the evil? |
1497 | And are suits decided on any other ground but that a man may neither take what is another''s, nor be deprived of what is his own? |
1497 | And are you going to run away before you have fairly taught or learned whether they are true or not? |
1497 | And are you stronger than all these? |
1497 | And as State is to State in virtue and happiness, so is man in relation to man? |
1497 | And as we are to have the best of guardians for our city, must they not be those who have most the character of guardians? |
1497 | And both pleasure and pain are motions of the soul, are they not? |
1497 | And both should be in harmony? |
1497 | And by contracts you mean partnerships? |
1497 | And can any one of those many things which are called by particular names be said to be this rather than not to be this? |
1497 | And can she or can she not fulfil her own ends when deprived of that excellence? |
1497 | And can that which does no evil be a cause of evil? |
1497 | And can the just by justice make men unjust, or speaking generally, can the good by virtue make them bad? |
1497 | And can there be anything better for the interests of the State than that the men and women of a State should be as good as possible? |
1497 | And can therefore neither be ignorance nor knowledge? |
1497 | And can you mention any pursuit of mankind in which the male sex has not all these gifts and qualities in a higher degree than the female? |
1497 | And democracy has her own good, of which the insatiable desire brings her to dissolution? |
1497 | And do I differ from you, he said, as to the importance of the enquiry? |
1497 | And do not good practices lead to virtue, and evil practices to vice? |
1497 | And do not the two styles, or the mixture of the two, comprehend all poetry, and every form of expression in words? |
1497 | And do the unjust appear to you to be wise and good? |
1497 | And do they not educate to perfection young and old, men and women alike, and fashion them after their own hearts? |
1497 | And do they not share? |
1497 | And do we know what we opine? |
1497 | And do you also agree, I said, in describing the dialectician as one who attains a conception of the essence of each thing? |
1497 | And do you breed from them all indifferently, or do you take care to breed from the best only? |
1497 | And do you consider truth to be akin to proportion or to disproportion? |
1497 | And do you imagine, I said, that I am such a madman as to try and cheat, Thrasymachus? |
1497 | And do you not know, I said, that all mere opinions are bad, and the best of them blind? |
1497 | And do you remember the word of caution which preceded the discussion of them? |
1497 | And do you suppose that I ask these questions with any design of injuring you in the argument? |
1497 | And do you take the oldest or the youngest, or only those of ripe age? |
1497 | And do you wish to behold what is blind and crooked and base, when others will tell you of brightness and beauty? |
1497 | And does not the analogy apply still more to the State? |
1497 | And does not the latter-- I mean the rebellious principle-- furnish a great variety of materials for imitation? |
1497 | And does not the same hold also of the ridiculous? |
1497 | And does not the same principle hold in the sciences? |
1497 | And does not tyranny spring from democracy in the same manner as democracy from oligarchy-- I mean, after a sort? |
1497 | And does the essence of the invariable partake of knowledge in the same degree as of essence? |
1497 | And dogs are deteriorated in the good qualities of dogs, and not of horses? |
1497 | And each art gives us a particular good and not merely a general one-- medicine, for example, gives us health; navigation, safety at sea, and so on? |
1497 | And each of them is such as his like is? |
1497 | And even if injustice be found in two only, will they not quarrel and fight, and become enemies to one another and to the just? |
1497 | And even to this are there not exceptions? |
1497 | And everything else on the style? |
1497 | And food and wisdom are the corresponding satisfactions of either? |
1497 | And from being a keeper of the law he is converted into a breaker of it? |
1497 | And good counsel is clearly a kind of knowledge, for not by ignorance, but by knowledge, do men counsel well? |
1497 | And has not the body itself less of truth and essence than the soul? |
1497 | And has not the eye an excellence? |
1497 | And has not the soul an excellence also? |
1497 | And have we not already condemned that State in which the same persons are warriors as well as shopkeepers? |
1497 | And he is good in as far as he is wise, and bad in as far as he is foolish? |
1497 | And he is the best guard of a camp who is best able to steal a march upon the enemy? |
1497 | And he is the only one who has wisdom as well as experience? |
1497 | And he is to be deemed courageous whose spirit retains in pleasure and in pain the commands of reason about what he ought or ought not to fear? |
1497 | And he who is most skilful in preventing or escaping from a disease is best able to create one? |
1497 | And he who is not on a voyage has no need of a pilot? |
1497 | And he who lives well is blessed and happy, and he who lives ill the reverse of happy? |
1497 | And here, Glaucon, I should like to ask( as I know that you are a breeder of birds and animals), Do you not take the greatest care in the mating? |
1497 | And his friends and fellow- citizens will want to use him as he gets older for their own purposes? |
1497 | And how am I to convince you, he said, if you are not already convinced by what I have just said; what more can I do for you? |
1497 | And how am I to do so? |
1497 | And how are they to be learned without education? |
1497 | And how can one who is thus circumstanced ever become a philosopher? |
1497 | And how can we rightly answer that question? |
1497 | And how does such an one live? |
1497 | And how does the son come into being? |
1497 | And how is the error to be corrected? |
1497 | And how long is this stage of their lives to last? |
1497 | And how will they proceed? |
1497 | And how would he regard the attempt to gain an advantage over the unjust; would that be considered by him as just or unjust? |
1497 | And if care was not taken in the breeding, your dogs and birds would greatly deteriorate? |
1497 | And if merchandise is to be carried over the sea, skilful sailors will also be needed, and in considerable numbers? |
1497 | And if our youth are to do their work in life, must they not make these graces and harmonies their perpetual aim? |
1497 | And if that is true, what sort of general must he have been? |
1497 | And if the old man and woman fight for their own, what then, my friend? |
1497 | And if the world perceives that what we are saying about him is the truth, will they be angry with philosophy? |
1497 | And if there be any State in which rulers and subjects will be agreed as to the question who are to rule, that again will be our State? |
1497 | And if they are both known to them, one must be the friend and the other the enemy of the gods, as we admitted from the beginning? |
1497 | And if they are to be what we were describing, is there not another quality which they should also possess? |
1497 | And if they turn out to be two, is not each of them one and different? |
1497 | And if they were able to converse with one another, would they not suppose that they were naming what was actually before them? |
1497 | And if we only have a guardian who has this knowledge our State will be perfectly ordered? |
1497 | And ignorance and folly are inanitions of the soul? |
1497 | And in like manner does the touch adequately perceive the qualities of thickness or thinness, of softness or hardness? |
1497 | And in oligarchical States, from the general spread of carelessness and extravagance, men of good family have often been reduced to beggary? |
1497 | And in our State what other name besides that of citizens do the people give the rulers? |
1497 | And in our opinion the guardians ought to have both these qualities? |
1497 | And in such a case what is one to say? |
1497 | And in that case they will be right in doing good to the evil and evil to the good? |
1497 | And in that interval there has now been discovered something which we call opinion? |
1497 | And in the first place, he will honour studies which impress these qualities on his soul and will disregard others? |
1497 | And in the laying of bricks and stones is the just man a more useful or better partner than the builder? |
1497 | And in what sort of actions or with a view to what result is the just man most able to do harm to his enemy and good to his friend? |
1497 | And inasmuch as they are two, each of them is one? |
1497 | And is he likely to be brave who has no spirit, whether horse or dog or any other animal? |
1497 | And is he not truly good? |
1497 | And is justice dimmer in the individual, and is her form different, or is she the same which we found her to be in the State? |
1497 | And is not a State larger than an individual? |
1497 | And is not a similar method to be pursued about the virtues, which are also four in number? |
1497 | And is not life to be reckoned among the ends of the soul? |
1497 | And is not that farthest from reason which is at the greatest distance from law and order? |
1497 | And is not the end of the soul happiness, and justice the excellence of the soul by which happiness is attained? |
1497 | And is not the love of learning the love of wisdom, which is philosophy? |
1497 | And is not the reason of this that the several principles, whether in the state or in the individual, do their own business? |
1497 | And is not the unjust like the wise and good and the just unlike them? |
1497 | And is not their humanity to the condemned in some cases quite charming? |
1497 | And is not this involuntary deprivation caused either by theft, or force, or enchantment? |
1497 | And is not this the reason why of old love has been called a tyrant? |
1497 | And is opinion also a faculty? |
1497 | And is our theory a worse theory because we are unable to prove the possibility of a city being ordered in the manner described? |
1497 | And is the art of war one of those arts in which she can or can not share? |
1497 | And is the city which is under a tyrant rich or poor? |
1497 | And is the satisfaction derived from that which has less or from that which has more existence the truer? |
1497 | And is there any greater or keener pleasure than that of sensual love? |
1497 | And is there any man in whom you will find more of this sort of misery than in the tyrannical man, who is in a fury of passions and desires? |
1497 | And is there anything more akin to wisdom than truth? |
1497 | And is this confined to the sight only, or does it extend to the hearing also, relating in fact to what we term poetry? |
1497 | And it has this particular quality because it has an object of a particular kind; and this is true of the other arts and sciences? |
1497 | And just actions cause justice, and unjust actions cause injustice? |
1497 | And literature may be either true or false? |
1497 | And living in this way we shall have much greater need of physicians than before? |
1497 | And luxury and softness are blamed, because they relax and weaken this same creature, and make a coward of him? |
1497 | And may not the many which are doubles be also halves?--doubles, that is, of one thing, and halves of another? |
1497 | And may we not rightly call such men treacherous? |
1497 | And may we not say of the philosopher that he is a lover, not of a part of wisdom only, but of the whole? |
1497 | And may we not say that the mind of the one who knows has knowledge, and that the mind of the other, who opines only, has opinion? |
1497 | And may we not say the same of all things? |
1497 | And may we not say, Adeimantus, that the most gifted minds, when they are ill- educated, become pre- eminently bad? |
1497 | And men are blamed for pride and bad temper when the lion and serpent element in them disproportionately grows and gains strength? |
1497 | And might a man be thirsty, and yet unwilling to drink? |
1497 | And must not an animal be a lover of learning who determines what he likes and dislikes by the test of knowledge and ignorance? |
1497 | And must not such a State and such a man be always full of fear? |
1497 | And must not the like happen with the spirited or passionate element of the soul? |
1497 | And must not the soul be perplexed at this intimation which the sense gives of a hard which is also soft? |
1497 | And must not the tyrannical man be like the tyrannical State, and the democratical man like the democratical State; and the same of the others? |
1497 | And must not we swim and try to reach the shore: we will hope that Arion''s dolphin or some other miraculous help may save us? |
1497 | And narration may be either simple narration, or imitation, or a union of the two? |
1497 | And next, how does he live? |
1497 | And next, shall we enquire whether the kindred science also concerns us? |
1497 | And no good thing is hurtful? |
1497 | And not- being is not one thing but, properly speaking, nothing? |
1497 | And now tell me, I conjure you, has not imitation been shown by us to be concerned with that which is thrice removed from the truth? |
1497 | And now what is their manner of life, and what sort of a government have they? |
1497 | And now what remains of the work of legislation? |
1497 | And now why do you not praise me? |
1497 | And now, Adeimantus, is our State matured and perfected? |
1497 | And of individuals who consort with the mob and seek to please them? |
1497 | And of the objects which are being carried in like manner they would only see the shadows? |
1497 | And of the pleasures of love, and all other pleasures, the same holds good? |
1497 | And of the unjust may not the opposite be supposed? |
1497 | And of truth in the same degree? |
1497 | And once more, the inharmonious and unseemly nature can only tend to disproportion? |
1497 | And one feature they will erase, and another they will put in, until they have made the ways of men, as far as possible, agreeable to the ways of God? |
1497 | And one woman has a turn for gymnastic and military exercises, and another is unwarlike and hates gymnastics? |
1497 | And one woman is a philosopher, and another is an enemy of philosophy; one has spirit, and another is without spirit? |
1497 | And opinion is to have an opinion? |
1497 | And ought not the same natures to have the same pursuits? |
1497 | And our guardian is both warrior and philosopher? |
1497 | And reasoning is peculiarly his instrument? |
1497 | And shall I add,''whether seen or unseen by gods and men''? |
1497 | And shall we proceed to get rid of the weepings and wailings of famous men? |
1497 | And shall we receive into our State all the three styles, or one only of the two unmixed styles? |
1497 | And should an immortal being seriously think of this little space rather than of the whole? |
1497 | And should we not enquire what sort of knowledge has the power of effecting such a change? |
1497 | And so let us have a final trial and proclamation; need we hire a herald, or shall I proclaim the result? |
1497 | And so of all other things;--justice is useful when they are useless, and useless when they are useful? |
1497 | And so of the other senses; do they give perfect intimations of such matters? |
1497 | And so they will be drawn by a necessity of their natures to have intercourse with each other-- necessity is not too strong a word, I think? |
1497 | And so tyranny naturally arises out of democracy, and the most aggravated form of tyranny and slavery out of the most extreme form of liberty? |
1497 | And still there arises another question: Are friends to be interpreted as real or seeming; enemies as real or seeming? |
1497 | And such a pilot and ruler will provide and prescribe for the interest of the sailor who is under him, and not for his own or the ruler''s interest? |
1497 | And suppose injustice abiding in a single person, would your wisdom say that she loses or that she retains her natural power? |
1497 | And suppose we make astronomy the third-- what do you say? |
1497 | And surely, he said, this occurs notably in the case of one; for we see the same thing to be both one and infinite in multitude? |
1497 | And that human virtue is justice? |
1497 | And that others should approve, of what we approve, is no miracle or impossibility? |
1497 | And that to which an end is appointed has also an excellence? |
1497 | And that which hurts not does no evil? |
1497 | And that which is not hurtful hurts not? |
1497 | And that which is opposed to them is one of the inferior principles of the soul? |
1497 | And the State which is enslaved under a tyrant is utterly incapable of acting voluntarily? |
1497 | And the anticipations of future pleasures and pains are of a like nature? |
1497 | And the avaricious, I said, is the oligarchical youth? |
1497 | And the better part of the soul is likely to be that which trusts to measure and calculation? |
1497 | And the citizens being thus agreed among themselves, in which class will temperance be found-- in the rulers or in the subjects? |
1497 | And the country which was enough to support the original inhabitants will be too small now, and not enough? |
1497 | And the ear has an end and an excellence also? |
1497 | And the end or use of a horse or of anything would be that which could not be accomplished, or not so well accomplished, by any other thing? |
1497 | And the fairest is also the loveliest? |
1497 | And the forbidding principle is derived from reason, and that which bids and attracts proceeds from passion and disease? |
1497 | And the friend he regards and describes as one in whom he has an interest, and the other as a stranger in whom he has no interest? |
1497 | And the good is advantageous? |
1497 | And the government is the ruling power in each state? |
1497 | And the greater the interval which separates them from philosophy and reason, the more strange and illusive will be the pleasure? |
1497 | And the greatest degree of evil- doing to one''s own city would be termed by you injustice? |
1497 | And the harmonious soul is both temperate and courageous? |
1497 | And the higher the duties of the guardian, I said, the more time, and skill, and art, and application will be needed by him? |
1497 | And the individual will be acknowledged by us to be just in the same way in which the State is just? |
1497 | And the inharmonious is cowardly and boorish? |
1497 | And the insatiable desire of wealth and the neglect of all other things for the sake of money- getting was also the ruin of oligarchy? |
1497 | And the interest of any art is the perfection of it-- this and nothing else? |
1497 | And the just is the good? |
1497 | And the kinds of knowledge in a State are many and diverse? |
1497 | And the knowing is wise? |
1497 | And the laws which they make must be obeyed by their subjects,--and that is what you call justice? |
1497 | And the lover of honour-- what will be his opinion? |
1497 | And the lustful and tyrannical desires are, as we saw, at the greatest distance? |
1497 | And the man who has the spirit of harmony will be most in love with the loveliest; but he will not love him who is of an inharmonious soul? |
1497 | And the melody and rhythm will depend upon the words? |
1497 | And the more detestable his actions are to the citizens the more satellites and the greater devotion in them will he require? |
1497 | And the more hated he is, the more he will require trusty guards; but how will he obtain them? |
1497 | And the much greater to the much less? |
1497 | And the new government which thus arises will be of a form intermediate between oligarchy and aristocracy? |
1497 | And the oligarch is third from the royal; since we count as one royal and aristocratical? |
1497 | And the painter too is, as I conceive, just such another-- a creator of appearances, is he not? |
1497 | And the persons whose property is taken from them are compelled to defend themselves before the people as they best can? |
1497 | And the pilot likewise, in the strict sense of the term, is a ruler of sailors and not a mere sailor? |
1497 | And the pilot-- that is to say, the true pilot-- is he a captain of sailors or a mere sailor? |
1497 | And the possibility has been acknowledged? |
1497 | And the power which the eye possesses is a sort of effluence which is dispensed from the sun? |
1497 | And the reason is that each part of him is doing its own business, whether in ruling or being ruled? |
1497 | And the reason of this, over and above the general constitution of the State, will be that the guardians will have a community of women and children? |
1497 | And the reason why the good are useless has now been explained? |
1497 | And the result will be that he becomes a worse potter? |
1497 | And the royal and orderly desires are nearest? |
1497 | And the same is true of all other things; they have each of them an end and a special excellence? |
1497 | And the same observation will apply to all other things? |
1497 | And the same of horses and animals in general? |
1497 | And the sometime greater to the sometime less, and the greater that is to be to the less that is to be? |
1497 | And the tragic poet is an imitator, and therefore, like all other imitators, he is thrice removed from the king and from the truth? |
1497 | And the tyrannical soul must be always poor and insatiable? |
1497 | And the unjust is good and wise, and the just is neither? |
1497 | And the unjust man will strive and struggle to obtain more than the unjust man or action, in order that he may have more than all? |
1497 | And the virtue which enters into this competition is justice? |
1497 | And the wise is good? |
1497 | And the work of the painter is a third? |
1497 | And the worker in leather and brass will make them? |
1497 | And the young should be trained in both kinds, and we begin with the false? |
1497 | And then, although they may have no desire of change, the others charge them with plotting against the people and being friends of oligarchy? |
1497 | And there are three kinds of pleasure, which are their several objects? |
1497 | And there is a neutral state which is neither pleasure nor pain? |
1497 | And therefore he will not sorrow for his departed friend as though he had suffered anything terrible? |
1497 | And therefore philosophers must inevitably fall under the censure of the world? |
1497 | And therefore the cause of well- being? |
1497 | And therefore they are likely to do harm to our young men-- you would agree with me there? |
1497 | And therefore to acknowledge that bad and good are the same? |
1497 | And they appear to lead the mind towards truth? |
1497 | And they will place them under the command of experienced veterans who will be their leaders and teachers? |
1497 | And they will take them on the safe expeditions and be cautious about the dangerous ones? |
1497 | And things great and small, heavy and light, as they are termed, will not be denoted by these any more than by the opposite names? |
1497 | And this assimilation of himself to another, either by the use of voice or gesture, is the imitation of the person whose character he assumes? |
1497 | And this is because injustice creates divisions and hatreds and fighting, and justice imparts harmony and friendship; is not that true, Thrasymachus? |
1497 | And this is equally true of imitation; no one man can imitate many things as well as he would imitate a single one? |
1497 | And this is what the arts of music and gymnastic, when present in such manner as we have described, will accomplish? |
1497 | And this, surely, must be the work of the calculating and rational principle in the soul? |
1497 | And those who govern ought not to be lovers of the task? |
1497 | And to this end they ought to be wise and efficient, and to have a special care of the State? |
1497 | And to which class do unity and number belong? |
1497 | And was I not right, Adeimantus? |
1497 | And was I not right? |
1497 | And we have admitted that justice is the excellence of the soul, and injustice the defect of the soul? |
1497 | And we have admitted, I said, that the good of each art is specially confined to the art? |
1497 | And what are these? |
1497 | And what do the Muses say next? |
1497 | And what do the rulers call one another in other States? |
1497 | And what do the rulers call the people? |
1497 | And what do they call them in other States? |
1497 | And what do they receive of men? |
1497 | And what do you say of lovers of wine? |
1497 | And what do you say to his receiving the right hand of fellowship? |
1497 | And what do you think of a second principle? |
1497 | And what does the judge affirm to be the life which is next, and the pleasure which is next? |
1497 | And what due or proper thing is given by cookery, and to what? |
1497 | And what happens? |
1497 | And what in ours? |
1497 | And what is that which justice gives, and to whom? |
1497 | And what is the faculty in man to which imitation is addressed? |
1497 | And what is the name which the city derives from the possession of this sort of knowledge? |
1497 | And what is the next question? |
1497 | And what is the organ with which we see the visible things? |
1497 | And what is the prime of life? |
1497 | And what is this knowledge, and among whom is it found? |
1497 | And what is your view about them? |
1497 | And what manner of government do you term oligarchy? |
1497 | And what manner of man answers to such a State? |
1497 | And what may that be? |
1497 | And what of passion, or spirit? |
1497 | And what of the ignorant? |
1497 | And what of the maker of the bed? |
1497 | And what of the unjust-- does he claim to have more than the just man and to do more than is just? |
1497 | And what shall be their education? |
1497 | And what shall we say about men? |
1497 | And what shall we say of men? |
1497 | And what shall we say of the carpenter-- is not he also the maker of the bed? |
1497 | And what similar use or power of acquisition has justice in time of peace? |
1497 | And what then would you say? |
1497 | And what training will draw the soul upwards? |
1497 | And what would you say of the physician? |
1497 | And when all the world is telling a man that he is six feet high, and he has no measure, how can he believe anything else? |
1497 | And when persons are suffering from acute pain, you must have heard them say that there is nothing pleasanter than to get rid of their pain? |
1497 | And when these fail? |
1497 | And when they meet in private will not people be saying to one another''Our warriors are not good for much''? |
1497 | And when truth is the captain, we can not suspect any evil of the band which he leads? |
1497 | And when you see the same evils in the tyrannical man, what do you say of him? |
1497 | And when you speak of music, do you include literature or not? |
1497 | And when you want to buy a ship, the shipwright or the pilot would be better? |
1497 | And where do you find them? |
1497 | And where freedom is, the individual is clearly able to order for himself his own life as he pleases? |
1497 | And which are the harmonies expressive of sorrow? |
1497 | And which are the soft or drinking harmonies? |
1497 | And which are these two sorts? |
1497 | And which is wise and which is foolish? |
1497 | And which method do I understand you to prefer? |
1497 | And which of the three has the truest knowledge and the widest experience? |
1497 | And which sort of life, Glaucon, do you prefer? |
1497 | And which, I said, of the gods in heaven would you say was the lord of this element? |
1497 | And whichever of these qualities we find in the State, the one which is not found will be the residue? |
1497 | And who are the devoted band, and where will he procure them? |
1497 | And who is best able to do good to his friends and evil to his enemies in time of sickness? |
1497 | And why are mean employments and manual arts a reproach? |
1497 | And why, sillybillies, do you knock under to one another? |
1497 | And will any one say that he is not a miserable caitiff who remorselessly sells his own divine being to that which is most godless and detestable? |
1497 | And will he sell his own fairer and diviner part without any compunction to the most godless and foul? |
1497 | And will he then change himself for the better and fairer, or for the worse and more unsightly? |
1497 | And will not a true astronomer have the same feeling when he looks at the movements of the stars? |
1497 | And will not he who has been shown to be the wickedest, be also the most miserable? |
1497 | And will not men who are injured be deteriorated in that which is the proper virtue of man? |
1497 | And will not the bravest and wisest soul be least confused or deranged by any external influence? |
1497 | And will not the city, which you are founding, be an Hellenic city? |
1497 | And will not the same condition be best for our citizens? |
1497 | And will not the words and the character of the style depend on the temper of the soul? |
1497 | And will not their wives be the best women? |
1497 | And will the blindness and crookedness of opinion content you when you might have the light and certainty of science? |
1497 | And will the habit of body of our ordinary athletes be suited to them? |
1497 | And will the love of a lie be any part of a philosopher''s nature? |
1497 | And will there be in our city more of these true guardians or more smiths? |
1497 | And will they be a class which is rarely found? |
1497 | And will they not be lovers of Hellas, and think of Hellas as their own land, and share in the common temples? |
1497 | And will you be so very good as to answer one more question? |
1497 | And will you have a work better done when the workman has many occupations, or when he has only one? |
1497 | And with the hearing, I said, we hear, and with the other senses perceive the other objects of sense? |
1497 | And would he try to go beyond just action? |
1497 | And would not a really good education furnish the best safeguard? |
1497 | And would you call justice vice? |
1497 | And would you have the future rulers of your ideal State intelligent beings, or stupid as posts? |
1497 | And would you say that the soul of such an one is the soul of a freeman, or of a slave? |
1497 | And yet not so well as with a pruning- hook made for the purpose? |
1497 | And yet there is a sense in which the painter also creates a bed? |
1497 | And yet you were acknowledging a little while ago that knowledge is not the same as opinion? |
1497 | And yet, as you see, there are freemen as well as masters in such a State? |
1497 | And you also said that the just will not go beyond his like but his unlike? |
1497 | And you are aware too that the latter can not explain what they mean by knowledge, but are obliged after all to say knowledge of the good? |
1497 | And you know that a man who is deranged and not right in his mind, will fancy that he is able to rule, not only over men, but also over the gods? |
1497 | And you may further imagine that his instructor is pointing to the objects as they pass and requiring him to name them,--will he not be perplexed? |
1497 | And you placed astronomy next, and then you made a step backward? |
1497 | And you would say the same of the conception of the good? |
1497 | And you would say the same sort of thing of the physician? |
1497 | And, conversely, that which has less of truth will also have less of essence? |
1497 | Another question has not been answered: Is the just or the unjust the happier? |
1497 | Another question is, Which of existing states is suited to her? |
1497 | Any affinity to wantonness and intemperance? |
1497 | Any more than heat can produce cold? |
1497 | Any more than they can be rhapsodists and actors at once? |
1497 | Are not necessary pleasures those of which we can not get rid, and of which the satisfaction is a benefit to us? |
1497 | Are not the chief elements of temperance, speaking generally, obedience to commanders and self- control in sensual pleasures? |
1497 | Are not the public who say these things the greatest of all Sophists? |
1497 | Are not the tragic poets wise who magnify and exalt the tyrant, and say that he is wise by association with the wise? |
1497 | Are not these functions proper to the soul, and can they rightly be assigned to any other? |
1497 | Are the lovers of sights and sounds, who let out their ears to every chorus at the Dionysiac festivals, to be called philosophers?'' |
1497 | Are they two or one, and is either of them the cause of the other? |
1497 | Are we not right in saying that the love of knowledge, no less than riches, may divert him? |
1497 | Are you not aware, I said, that the soul of man is immortal and imperishable? |
1497 | Are you satisfied then that the quality which makes such men and such states is justice, or do you hope to discover some other? |
1497 | As being the same with knowledge, or another faculty? |
1497 | As they are or as they appear? |
1497 | At any rate you can tell that a song or ode has three parts-- the words, the melody, and the rhythm; that degree of knowledge I may presuppose? |
1497 | At what age? |
1497 | Because I want to know in which of the three classes you would place justice? |
1497 | Because it has a particular quality which no other has? |
1497 | Beds, then, are of three kinds, and there are three artists who superintend them: God, the maker of the bed, and the painter? |
1497 | Beginning with the State, I replied, would you say that a city which is governed by a tyrant is free or enslaved? |
1497 | Being is the sphere or subject- matter of knowledge, and knowledge is to know the nature of being? |
1497 | But again, will they tell us that such a nature, placed under favourable circumstances, will not be perfectly good and wise if any ever was? |
1497 | But although the gods are themselves unchangeable, still by witchcraft and deception they may make us think that they appear in various forms? |
1497 | But are not these spirited natures apt to be savage with one another, and with everybody else? |
1497 | But are the rulers of states absolutely infallible, or are they sometimes liable to err? |
1497 | But are they really three or one? |
1497 | But can any of these reasons apply to God? |
1497 | But can that which is neither become both? |
1497 | But can that which is neither become both? |
1497 | But can the musician by his art make men unmusical? |
1497 | But can you persuade us, if we refuse to listen to you? |
1497 | But can you tell me of any other suitable study? |
1497 | But can you use different animals for the same purpose, unless they are bred and fed in the same way? |
1497 | But did we not say, Thrasymachus, that the unjust goes beyond both his like and unlike? |
1497 | But do you imagine that men who are unable to give and take a reason will have the knowledge which we require of them? |
1497 | But do you know whom I think good? |
1497 | But do you mean to say that this is not the opinion of the multitude? |
1497 | But do you not admire their cleverness? |
1497 | But do you not admire, I said, the coolness and dexterity of these ready ministers of political corruption? |
1497 | But do you not see that there is a sense in which you could do the same? |
1497 | But do you observe the reason of this? |
1497 | But do you see, he rejoined, how many we are? |
1497 | But does he therefore confer no benefit when he works for nothing? |
1497 | But does the painter know the right form of the bit and reins? |
1497 | But have we not here fallen into a contradiction? |
1497 | But have you remarked that sight is by far the most costly and complex piece of workmanship which the artificer of the senses ever contrived? |
1497 | But he may have friends who are senseless or mad? |
1497 | But he would claim to exceed the non- musician? |
1497 | But he would wish to go beyond the non- physician? |
1497 | But how did timocracy arise out of the perfect State? |
1497 | But how is the image applicable to the disciples of philosophy? |
1497 | But how will they draw out the plan of which you are speaking? |
1497 | But how will they know who are fathers and daughters, and so on? |
1497 | But if he were taken back again he would imagine, and truly imagine, that he was descending? |
1497 | But if so, the tyrant will live most unpleasantly, and the king most pleasantly? |
1497 | But if so, the unjust will be the enemy of the gods, and the just will be their friend? |
1497 | But if the process by which we are supposed to arrive at the idea of good be really imaginary, may not the idea itself be also a mere abstraction? |
1497 | But if they abstained from injuring one another, then they might act together better? |
1497 | But if they are to be courageous, must they not learn other lessons besides these, and lessons of such a kind as will take away the fear of death? |
1497 | But in what way good or harm? |
1497 | But is a man in harmony with himself when he is the subject of these conflicting influences? |
1497 | But is not this unjust? |
1497 | But is not war an art? |
1497 | But is opinion to be sought without and beyond either of them, in a greater clearness than knowledge, or in a greater darkness than ignorance? |
1497 | But is passion a third principle, or akin to desire? |
1497 | But is such a community possible?--as among the animals, so also among men; and if possible, in what way possible? |
1497 | But is the just man or the skilful player a more useful and better partner at a game of draughts? |
1497 | But is there no difference between men and women? |
1497 | But is there not another name which people give to their rulers in other States? |
1497 | But is this equally true of the greatness and smallness of the fingers? |
1497 | But let me ask you another question: Has excess of pleasure any affinity to temperance? |
1497 | But may he not change and transform himself? |
1497 | But may not the stimulus which love has given to fancy be some day exhausted? |
1497 | But next, what shall we say of their food; for the men are in training for the great contest of all-- are they not? |
1497 | But ought the just to injure any one at all? |
1497 | But ought we to attempt to construct one? |
1497 | But ought we to render evil for evil at all, when to do so will only make men more evil? |
1497 | But shall we be right in getting rid of them? |
1497 | But should not life rest on the moral rather than upon the physical? |
1497 | But suppose that he were to retort,''Thrasymachus, what do you mean? |
1497 | But surely God and the things of God are in every way perfect? |
1497 | But surely, Thrasymachus, the arts are the superiors and rulers of their own subjects? |
1497 | But that which is neither was just now shown to be rest and not motion, and in a mean between them? |
1497 | But the condiments are only necessary in so far as they are good for health? |
1497 | But the good are just and would not do an injustice? |
1497 | But the hero who has distinguished himself, what shall be done to him? |
1497 | But the philosopher will still be justified in asking,''How may the heavenly gift of poesy be devoted to the good of mankind?'' |
1497 | But the soul which can not be destroyed by an evil, whether inherent or external, must exist for ever, and if existing for ever, must be immortal? |
1497 | But those who see the absolute and eternal and immutable may be said to know, and not to have opinion only? |
1497 | But we should like to ask him a question: Does he who has knowledge know something or nothing? |
1497 | But what branch of knowledge is there, my dear Glaucon, which is of the desired nature; since all the useful arts were reckoned mean by us? |
1497 | But what can show a more disgraceful state of education than to have to go abroad for justice because you have none of your own at home? |
1497 | But what do you mean by the highest of all knowledge? |
1497 | But what do you say of music, which also entered to a certain extent into our former scheme? |
1497 | But what do you say to flute- makers and flute- players? |
1497 | But what if I give you an answer about justice other and better, he said, than any of these? |
1497 | But what if there are no gods? |
1497 | But what is the next step? |
1497 | But what of the world below? |
1497 | But what ought to be their course? |
1497 | But what shall be done to the hero? |
1497 | But what shall their education be? |
1497 | But what will be the process of delineation?'' |
1497 | But what would you have, Glaucon? |
1497 | But when a man is well, my dear Polemarchus, there is no need of a physician? |
1497 | But when is this fault committed? |
1497 | But when they are directed towards objects on which the sun shines, they see clearly and there is sight in them? |
1497 | But whence came division? |
1497 | But where are the two? |
1497 | But where, amid all this, is justice? |
1497 | But which is the happier? |
1497 | But which stories do you mean, he said; and what fault do you find with them? |
1497 | But who can doubt that philosophers should be chosen, if they have the other qualities which are required in a ruler? |
1497 | But why do you ask? |
1497 | But why do you ask? |
1497 | But why should we dispute about names when we have realities of such importance to consider? |
1497 | But why? |
1497 | But will he have no sorrow, or shall we say that although he can not help sorrowing, he will moderate his sorrow? |
1497 | But will he not desire to get them on the spot? |
1497 | But will the imitator have either? |
1497 | But will you let me assume, without reciting them, that these things are true? |
1497 | But would any of your guardians think or speak of any other guardian as a stranger? |
1497 | But would you call the painter a creator and maker? |
1497 | But you can cut off a vine- branch with a dagger or with a chisel, and in many other ways? |
1497 | But you see that without the addition of some other nature there is no seeing or being seen? |
1497 | But, if Homer never did any public service, was he privately a guide or teacher of any? |
1497 | By heaven, would not such an one be a rare educator? |
1497 | Can I say what I do not know? |
1497 | Can a man help imitating that with which he holds reverential converse? |
1497 | Can any man be courageous who has the fear of death in him? |
1497 | Can any other origin of a State be imagined? |
1497 | Can any reality come up to the idea? |
1497 | Can he have an opinion which is an opinion about nothing? |
1497 | Can justice produce injustice any more than the art of horsemanship can make bad horsemen, or heat produce cold? |
1497 | Can sight adequately perceive them? |
1497 | Can the god of Jealousy himself find any fault with such an assemblage of good qualities? |
1497 | Can the same nature be a lover of wisdom and a lover of falsehood? |
1497 | Can there be any greater evil than discord and distraction and plurality where unity ought to reign? |
1497 | Can they have a better place than between being and not- being? |
1497 | Can we any longer doubt, then, that the miser and money- maker answers to the oligarchical State? |
1497 | Can we deny that a warrior should have a knowledge of arithmetic? |
1497 | Can we suppose that he is ignorant of antiquity, and therefore has recourse to invention? |
1497 | Can you tell me what imitation is? |
1497 | Can you tell me whence I derive this inference? |
1497 | Capital, I said; but let me ask you once more: Shall they be a family in name only; or shall they in all their actions be true to the name? |
1497 | Certainly, the same principle holds; but why does this involve any particular skill? |
1497 | Deteriorated, that is to say, in the good qualities of horses, not of dogs? |
1497 | Did he mean that I was to give back arms to a madman? |
1497 | Did this never strike you as curious? |
1497 | Did you ever hear any of them which were not? |
1497 | Did you hear all the advantages of the unjust which Thrasymachus was rehearsing? |
1497 | Did you never hear it? |
1497 | Did you never observe how the mind of a clever rogue peers out of his eyes, and the more clearly he sees, the more evil he does? |
1497 | Did you never observe in the arts how the potters''boys look on and help, long before they touch the wheel? |
1497 | Do I take you with me? |
1497 | Do they by attaching to the soul and inhering in her at last bring her to death, and so separate her from the body? |
1497 | Do we admit the existence of opinion? |
1497 | Do you agree? |
1497 | Do you know of any other? |
1497 | Do you know where you will have to look if you want to discover his rogueries? |
1497 | Do you know, I said, that governments vary as the dispositions of men vary, and that there must be as many of the one as there are of the other? |
1497 | Do you mean that there is no such maker or creator, or that in one sense there might be a maker of all these things but in another not? |
1497 | Do you mean, for example, that he who is mistaken about the sick is a physician in that he is mistaken? |
1497 | Do you not know that all this is but the prelude to the actual strain which we have to learn? |
1497 | Do you not know that the soul is immortal? |
1497 | Do you not know, I said, that the true lie, if such an expression may be allowed, is hated of gods and men? |
1497 | Do you not remark, I said, how great is the evil which dialectic has introduced? |
1497 | Do you not see them doing the same? |
1497 | Do you observe that we were not far wrong in our guess that temperance was a sort of harmony? |
1497 | Do you remember? |
1497 | Do you see that there is a way in which you could make them all yourself? |
1497 | Do you suppose that I call him who is mistaken the stronger at the time when he is mistaken? |
1497 | Do you think it right that Hellenes should enslave Hellenic States, or allow others to enslave them, if they can help? |
1497 | Do you think that the possession of all other things is of any value if we do not possess the good? |
1497 | Do you think that there is anything so very unnatural or inexcusable in their case? |
1497 | Does he not call the other pleasures necessary, under the idea that if there were no necessity for them, he would rather not have them? |
1497 | Does not like always attract like? |
1497 | Does not the practice of despoiling an enemy afford an excuse for not facing the battle? |
1497 | Does not the timocratical man change into the oligarchical on this wise? |
1497 | Does that look well? |
1497 | Does the injustice or other evil which exists in the soul waste and consume her? |
1497 | Does the just man try to gain any advantage over the just? |
1497 | Each of them, I said, is such as his like is? |
1497 | Enough of gods and heroes;--what shall we say about men? |
1497 | Enough, my friend; but what is enough while anything remains wanting? |
1497 | Ethics),''Whether the virtues are one or many?'' |
1497 | Every act does something to somebody; and following this analogy, Socrates asks, What is this due and proper thing which justice does, and to whom? |
1497 | Except a city?--or would you include a city? |
1497 | First of all, in regard to slavery? |
1497 | First you began with a geometry of plane surfaces? |
1497 | First, then, they resemble one another in the value which they set upon wealth? |
1497 | For all these things are only the prelude, and you surely do not suppose that a mere mathematician is also a dialectician? |
1497 | For concerning political measures, we chiefly ask: How will they affect the happiness of mankind? |
1497 | For example, I said, can the same thing be at rest and in motion at the same time in the same part? |
1497 | For if Agamemnon could not count his feet( and without number how could he?) |
1497 | For what purpose do you conceive that we have come here, said Thrasymachus,--to look for gold, or to hear discourse? |
1497 | For which the art has to consider and provide? |
1497 | For you surely would not regard the skilled mathematician as a dialectician? |
1497 | Further, I said, has not a drunken man also the spirit of a tyrant? |
1497 | Further, the very faculty which is the instrument of judgment is not possessed by the covetous or ambitious man, but only by the philosopher? |
1497 | Further, there can be no doubt that a work is spoilt when not done at the right time? |
1497 | God forbid, I replied; but may I ask you to consider the image in another point of view? |
1497 | Good, I said; then you call him who is third in the descent from nature an imitator? |
1497 | Has he not, I said, an occupation; and what profit would there be in his life if he were deprived of his occupation? |
1497 | Has not nature scattered all the qualities which our citizens require indifferently up and down among the two sexes? |
1497 | Has not that been admitted? |
1497 | Has not the intemperate been censured of old, because in him the huge multiform monster is allowed to be too much at large? |
1497 | Have I clearly explained the class which I mean? |
1497 | Have we not here a picture of his way of life? |
1497 | Having effected this, they will proceed to trace an outline of the constitution? |
1497 | Having so many evils, will not the most miserable of men be still more miserable in a public station? |
1497 | He asks only''What good have they done?'' |
1497 | He can hardly avoid saying Yes-- can he now? |
1497 | He is a soldier, and, like Adeimantus, has been distinguished at the battle of Megara( anno 456? |
1497 | He knows that this latter institution is not more than four or five thousand years old: may not the end revert to the beginning? |
1497 | He looked at me in astonishment, and said: No, by heaven: And are you really prepared to maintain this? |
1497 | He mentioned that he was present when one of the spirits asked another,''Where is Ardiaeus the Great?'' |
1497 | He roared out to the whole company: What folly, Socrates, has taken possession of you all? |
1497 | He said: Who then are the true philosophers? |
1497 | He was present when one of the spirits asked-- Where is Ardiaeus the Great? |
1497 | He who has an opinion has an opinion about some one thing? |
1497 | He will grow more and more indolent and careless? |
1497 | Hence arises the question,''What is great, what is small?'' |
1497 | His experience, then, will enable him to judge better than any one? |
1497 | How can that be? |
1497 | How can that be? |
1497 | How can there be? |
1497 | How can they, he said, if they are blind and can not see? |
1497 | How can they, he said, when they are not allowed to apply their minds to the callings of any of these? |
1497 | How can we? |
1497 | How cast off? |
1497 | How do they act? |
1497 | How do you distinguish them? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How do you mean? |
1497 | How is he to be wise and also innocent? |
1497 | How many? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How so? |
1497 | How then can men and women have the same? |
1497 | How then does a protector begin to change into a tyrant? |
1497 | How was that? |
1497 | How well I remember the aged poet Sophocles, when in answer to the question, How does love suit with age, Sophocles,--are you still the man you were? |
1497 | How will they proceed? |
1497 | How would they address us? |
1497 | How, then, can we be right in supposing that the absence of pain is pleasure, or that the absence of pleasure is pain? |
1497 | How? |
1497 | How? |
1497 | How? |
1497 | How? |
1497 | How? |
1497 | I am sure that I should be contented-- will not you? |
1497 | I assume, I said, that the tyrant is in the third place from the oligarch; the democrat was in the middle? |
1497 | I dare say, Glaucon, that you are as much charmed by her as I am, especially when she appears in Homer? |
1497 | I do not know, do you? |
1497 | I might say the same of the ears; when deprived of their own proper excellence they can not fulfil their end? |
1497 | I presume then that you are going to make one of the interdicted answers? |
1497 | I proceeded to ask: When two things, a greater and less, are called by the same name, are they like or unlike in so far as they are called the same? |
1497 | I repeated, Why am I especially not to be let off? |
1497 | I replied; and if we asked him what due or proper thing is given by medicine, and to whom, what answer do you think that he would make to us? |
1497 | I said; how shall we find a gentle nature which has also a great spirit, for the one is the contradiction of the other? |
1497 | I said; the prelude or what? |
1497 | I should like to know whether you have the same notion which I have of this study? |
1497 | I suppose that you would call justice virtue and injustice vice? |
1497 | I want to know whether ideals are ever fully realized in language? |
1497 | I will be wiser now and acknowledge that we must go to the bottom of another question: What is to be the education of our guardians? |
1497 | I will explain: The body which is large when seen near, appears small when seen at a distance? |
1497 | I will proceed by asking a question: Would you not say that a horse has some end? |
1497 | I will; and first tell me, Do you admit that it is just for subjects to obey their rulers? |
1497 | If wealth and gain were the criterion, then the praise or blame of the lover of gain would surely be the most trustworthy? |
1497 | Imitation is only a kind of play or sport, and the tragic poets, whether they write in Iambic or in Heroic verse, are imitators in the highest degree? |
1497 | In prescribing meats and drinks would he wish to go beyond another physician or beyond the practice of medicine? |
1497 | In the first place, are they not free; and is not the city full of freedom and frankness-- a man may say and do what he likes? |
1497 | In the next place our youth must be temperate? |
1497 | In these cases a man is not compelled to ask of thought the question what is a finger? |
1497 | In this both Plato and Kheyam rise above the level of many Christian(?) |
1497 | In what manner? |
1497 | In what manner? |
1497 | In what particulars? |
1497 | In what point of view? |
1497 | In what respect do you mean? |
1497 | In what respect? |
1497 | In what respects? |
1497 | In what way make allowance? |
1497 | In what way shown? |
1497 | In what way? |
1497 | Including the art of war? |
1497 | Indeed, Thrasymachus, and do I really appear to you to argue like an informer? |
1497 | Is God above or below the idea of good? |
1497 | Is any better than experience and wisdom and reason? |
1497 | Is any better than the old- fashioned sort which is comprehended under the name of music and gymnastic? |
1497 | Is he not a true image of the State which he represents? |
1497 | Is it a third, or akin to one of the preceding? |
1497 | Is it desirable?'' |
1497 | Is it for this that we are asked to throw away the civilization which is the growth of ages? |
1497 | Is it not on this wise?--The good at which such a State aims is to become as rich as possible, a desire which is insatiable? |
1497 | Is not Polemarchus your heir? |
1497 | Is not absolute injustice absolute weakness also? |
1497 | Is not his case utterly miserable? |
1497 | Is not honesty the best policy? |
1497 | Is not that still more disgraceful? |
1497 | Is not that true, Thrasymachus? |
1497 | Is not the Republic the vehicle of three or four great truths which, to Plato''s own mind, are most naturally represented in the form of the State? |
1497 | Is not the double also the half, and are not heavy and light relative terms which pass into one another? |
1497 | Is not the noble that which subjects the beast to the man, or rather to the God in man; the ignoble, that which subjects the man to the beast? |
1497 | Is not the noble that which subjects the beast to the man, or rather to the god in man; and the ignoble that which subjects the man to the beast?'' |
1497 | Is not the noble youth very like a well- bred dog in respect of guarding and watching? |
1497 | Is not the strength of injustice only a remnant of justice? |
1497 | Is not this the case? |
1497 | Is not this the way-- he is the son of the miserly and oligarchical father who has trained him in his own habits? |
1497 | Is not this true? |
1497 | Is not this unavoidable? |
1497 | Is not to have lost the truth an evil, and to possess the truth a good? |
1497 | Is passion then the same with reason? |
1497 | Is that true? |
1497 | Is the relation between them one of mutual antagonism or of mutual harmony? |
1497 | Is there any State in which you will find more of lamentation and sorrow and groaning and pain? |
1497 | Is there any better criterion than experience and knowledge? |
1497 | Is there any city which he might name? |
1497 | Is there any city which professes to have received laws from you, as Sicily and Italy have from Charondas, Sparta from Lycurgus, Athens from Solon? |
1497 | Is there any other virtue remaining which can compete with wisdom and temperance and courage in the scale of political virtue? |
1497 | Is there anything more? |
1497 | Is there not also a second class of goods, such as knowledge, sight, health, which are desirable not only in themselves, but also for their results? |
1497 | Is there not rather a contradiction in him? |
1497 | Is this a pattern laid up in heaven, or mere vacancy on which he is supposed to gaze with wondering eye? |
1497 | Is this ideal at all the worse for being impracticable? |
1497 | It follows therefore that the good is not the cause of all things, but of the good only? |
1497 | It may also be called temperate, and for the same reasons? |
1497 | Italy and Sicily boast of Charondas, and there is Solon who is renowned among us; but what city has anything to say about you?'' |
1497 | Justice and health of mind will be of the company, and temperance will follow after? |
1497 | Labouring in vain, he must end in hating himself and his fruitless occupation? |
1497 | Last comes the lover of gain? |
1497 | Last of all comes the tyrannical man, about whom we have to enquire, Whence is he, and how does he live-- in happiness or in misery? |
1497 | Last of all comes the tyrannical man; about whom we have once more to ask, how is he formed out of the democratical? |
1497 | Let me ask you a question: Are not the several arts different, by reason of their each having a separate function? |
1497 | Let me explain: Can you see, except with the eye? |
1497 | Let us examine this: Is not pleasure opposed to pain, and is there not a mean state which is neither? |
1497 | Let us take any common instance; there are beds and tables in the world-- plenty of them, are there not? |
1497 | Like husbandry for the acquisition of corn? |
1497 | Like ourselves, I replied; and they see only their own shadows, or the shadows of one another, which the fire throws on the opposite wall of the cave? |
1497 | Look at the matter thus:--Hunger, thirst, and the like, are inanitions of the bodily state? |
1497 | Male and female animals have the same pursuits-- why not also the two sexes of man? |
1497 | May I ask, Cephalus, whether your fortune was for the most part inherited or acquired by you? |
1497 | May I have the pleasure, he said, of hearing your opinion? |
1497 | May I suppose that you have this distinction of the visible and intelligible fixed in your mind? |
1497 | May it not be defined as a period of about twenty years in a woman''s life, and thirty in a man''s? |
1497 | May not the relation of sight to this deity be described as follows? |
1497 | May there not be the alternative, I said, that we may persuade you to let us go? |
1497 | May we not be satisfied with that? |
1497 | May we not say that these desires spend, and that the others make money because they conduce to production? |
1497 | May we not say that this is the end of a pruning- hook? |
1497 | May we say so, then? |
1497 | Must he not either perish at the hands of his enemies, or from being a man become a wolf-- that is, a tyrant? |
1497 | Must we not ask who are to be rulers and who subjects? |
1497 | Must we not then infer that the individual is wise in the same way, and in virtue of the same quality which makes the State wise? |
1497 | My question is only whether the just man, while refusing to have more than another just man, would wish and claim to have more than the unjust? |
1497 | Nay, are they not wholly different? |
1497 | Need I ask again whether the eye has an end? |
1497 | Need I recall the original image of the philosopher? |
1497 | Neither may they imitate smiths or other artificers, or oarsmen, or boatswains, or the like? |
1497 | Neither must they represent slaves, male or female, performing the offices of slaves? |
1497 | Neither sight nor the eye in which sight resides is the sun? |
1497 | Neither will he ever break faith where there have been oaths or agreements? |
1497 | Neither would you approve of the delicacies, as they are thought, of Athenian confectionary? |
1497 | Neither, I said, can there be any question that the guardian who is to keep anything should have eyes rather than no eyes? |
1497 | Next as to the slain; ought the conquerors, I said, to take anything but their armour? |
1497 | Next, as to war; what are to be the relations of your soldiers to one another and to their enemies? |
1497 | Next, how shall our soldiers treat their enemies? |
1497 | Next, we shall ask our opponent how, in reference to any of the pursuits or arts of civic life, the nature of a woman differs from that of a man? |
1497 | Niebuhr has asked a trifling question, which may be briefly noticed in this place-- Was Plato a good citizen? |
1497 | No more than this? |
1497 | No one will be less likely to commit adultery, or to dishonour his father and mother, or to fail in his religious duties? |
1497 | No, indeed, I replied; and the same is true of most, if not all, the other senses-- you would not say that any of them requires such an addition? |
1497 | Nonsense, said Glaucon: did you not promise to search yourself, saying that for you not to help justice in her need would be an impiety? |
1497 | Nor by reason of a knowledge which advises about brazen pots, I said, nor as possessing any other similar knowledge? |
1497 | Nor can the good harm any one? |
1497 | Nor may they imitate the neighing of horses, the bellowing of bulls, the murmur of rivers and roll of the ocean, thunder, and all that sort of thing? |
1497 | Nor would you say that medicine is the art of receiving pay because a man takes fees when he is engaged in healing? |
1497 | Nor yet by reason of a knowledge which cultivates the earth; that would give the city the name of agricultural? |
1497 | Nor, if a man is to be in condition, would you allow him to have a Corinthian girl as his fair friend? |
1497 | Not to mention the importers and exporters, who are called merchants? |
1497 | Not, perhaps, in this brief span of life: but should an immortal being care about anything short of eternity? |
1497 | Now are we to maintain that all these and any who have similar tastes, as well as the professors of quite minor arts, are philosophers? |
1497 | Now can we be right in praising and admiring another who is doing that which any one of us would abominate and be ashamed of in his own person? |
1497 | Now in vessels which are in a state of mutiny and by sailors who are mutineers, how will the true pilot be regarded? |
1497 | Now is there not here a third principle which is often found to come to the assistance of reason against desire, but never of desire against reason? |
1497 | Now to which of these classes does temperance belong? |
1497 | Now what man answers to this form of government- how did he come into being, and what is he like? |
1497 | Now what opinion of any other Sophist, or of any private person, can be expected to overcome in such an unequal contest? |
1497 | Now which is the purer satisfaction-- that of eating and drinking, or that of knowledge? |
1497 | Now why is such an inference erroneous? |
1497 | Now you understand me? |
1497 | Now, I beseech you, do tell me, have you ever attended to their pairing and breeding? |
1497 | Now, I said, every art has an interest? |
1497 | Now, are not the best husbandmen those who are most devoted to husbandry? |
1497 | Now, can we find justice without troubling ourselves about temperance? |
1497 | Now, how shall we decide between them? |
1497 | Now, in such a State, can liberty have any limit? |
1497 | Now, ought a man to feel pleasure in seeing another do what he hates and abominates in himself? |
1497 | Now, will you appeal to mankind in general or to the philosopher? |
1497 | O my friend, is not that so? |
1497 | Of course you know that ambition and avarice are held to be, as indeed they are, a disgrace? |
1497 | Of not- being, ignorance was assumed to be the necessary correlative; of being, knowledge? |
1497 | Of the painter we say that he will paint reins, and he will paint a bit? |
1497 | Of the three individuals, which has the greatest experience of all the pleasures which we enumerated? |
1497 | Of what kind? |
1497 | Of what nature are you speaking? |
1497 | Of what nature? |
1497 | Of what sort? |
1497 | Of what tales are you speaking? |
1497 | On what principle, then, shall we any longer choose justice rather than the worst injustice? |
1497 | Once more let me ask: Does he who desires any class of goods, desire the whole class or a part only? |
1497 | Once more then, O my friend, we have alighted upon an easy question-- whether the soul has these three principles or not? |
1497 | One of them is ready to follow the guidance of the law? |
1497 | One principle prevails in the souls of one class of men, another in others, as may happen? |
1497 | One woman has a gift of healing, another not; one is a musician, and another has no music in her nature? |
1497 | Or any affinity to virtue in general? |
1497 | Or be jealous of one who has no jealousy? |
1497 | Or because a man is in good health when he receives pay you would not say that the art of payment is medicine? |
1497 | Or can such an one account death fearful? |
1497 | Or did he only seem to be a member of the ruling body, although in truth he was neither ruler nor subject, but just a spendthrift? |
1497 | Or drought moisture? |
1497 | Or have the arts to look only after their own interests? |
1497 | Or hear, except with the ear? |
1497 | Or if honour or victory or courage, in that case the judgment of the ambitious or pugnacious would be the truest? |
1497 | Or is the Idea of Good another mode of conceiving God? |
1497 | Or is there any Homeric way of life, such as the Pythagorean was, in which you instructed men, and which is called after you? |
1497 | Or like shoemaking for the acquisition of shoes,--that is what you mean? |
1497 | Or must we admit exceptions? |
1497 | Or perhaps he may tell a lie because he is afraid of enemies? |
1497 | Or shall I guess for you? |
1497 | Or shall the dead be despoiled? |
1497 | Or suppose a better sort of man who is attracted towards philosophy, will they not make Herculean efforts to spoil and corrupt him? |
1497 | Or that his nature, being such as we have delineated, is akin to the highest good? |
1497 | Or the horseman by his art make them bad horsemen? |
1497 | Or the verse''The saddest of fates is to die and meet destiny from hunger?'' |
1497 | Or was any war ever carried on by your counsels? |
1497 | Or what shall he profit by escaping discovery, if the concealment of evil prevents the cure? |
1497 | Or when they are on a voyage, amid the perils of the sea? |
1497 | Or will they prefer those whom we have rejected? |
1497 | Or, after all, they may be in the right, and poets do really know the things about which they seem to the many to speak so well? |
1497 | Or, if the master would not stay, then the disciples would have followed him about everywhere, until they had got education enough? |
1497 | Ought I not to begin by describing how the change from timocracy to oligarchy arises? |
1497 | Ought I, for example, to put back into the hands of my friend, who has gone mad, the sword which I borrowed of him when he was in his right mind? |
1497 | Our State like every other has rulers and subjects? |
1497 | Parents and tutors are always telling their sons and their wards that they are to be just; but why? |
1497 | Perhaps he of whom we say the last will be angry with us; can we pacify him without revealing the disorder of his mind? |
1497 | Presently he finds that imputations are cast upon them; a troublesome querist comes and asks,''What is the just and good?'' |
1497 | Reflect: is not the dreamer, sleeping or waking, one who likens dissimilar things, who puts the copy in the place of the real object? |
1497 | Reflect: when a man has an opinion, has he not an opinion about something? |
1497 | Reflecting upon these and similar evils, you held the tyrannical State to be the most miserable of States? |
1497 | Salvation of what? |
1497 | Say, then, is not pleasure opposed to pain? |
1497 | Shall Hellenes be enslaved? |
1497 | Shall I assume that we ourselves are able and experienced judges and have before now met with such a person? |
1497 | Shall I give you an illustration of them? |
1497 | Shall I give you an illustration? |
1497 | Shall I tell you whose I believe the saying to be? |
1497 | Shall I tell you why? |
1497 | Shall they listen to the narrative of Hephaestus binding his mother, and of Zeus sending him flying for helping her when she was beaten? |
1497 | Shall we begin by assuring him that he is welcome to any knowledge which he may have, and that we are rejoiced at his having it? |
1497 | Shall we begin education with music, and go on to gymnastic afterwards? |
1497 | Shall we not? |
1497 | Shall we propose, as a third branch of our education, astronomy? |
1497 | Shall we, after the manner of Homer, pray the Muses to tell us''how discord first arose''? |
1497 | Shall we, then, speak of Him as the natural author or maker of the bed? |
1497 | Should not their custom be to spare them, considering the danger which there is that the whole race may one day fall under the yoke of the barbarians? |
1497 | Socrates, what do you mean? |
1497 | Socrates, who is evidently preparing for an argument, next asks, What is the meaning of the word justice? |
1497 | Socrates; do you want to know how much I acquired? |
1497 | Something that is or is not? |
1497 | Something that is; for how can that which is not ever be known? |
1497 | Still, I should like to ascertain how astronomy can be learned in any manner more conducive to that knowledge of which we are speaking? |
1497 | Still, the dangers of war can not be always foreseen; there is a good deal of chance about them? |
1497 | Such is the tale; is there any possibility of making our citizens believe in it? |
1497 | Such will be the change, and after the change has been made, how will they proceed? |
1497 | Such, then, are the palms of victory which the gods give the just? |
1497 | Suppose now that by the light of the examples just offered we enquire who this imitator is? |
1497 | Suppose we call it the contentious or ambitious-- would the term be suitable? |
1497 | Suppose we select an example of either kind, in order that we may have a general notion of them? |
1497 | Tell me then, O thou heir of the argument, what did Simonides say, and according to you truly say, about justice? |
1497 | Tell me, Thrasymachus, I said, did you mean by justice what the stronger thought to be his interest, whether really so or not? |
1497 | Tell me: will he be more likely to struggle and hold out against his sorrow when he is seen by his equals, or when he is alone? |
1497 | That is also good, he said; but I should like to know what you mean? |
1497 | That is his meaning then? |
1497 | That is quite true, he said; but to what are you alluding? |
1497 | That is to say, justice is useful when money is useless? |
1497 | That since beauty is the opposite of ugliness, they are two? |
1497 | That there are three arts which are concerned with all things: one which uses, another which makes, a third which imitates them? |
1497 | That will be the way? |
1497 | The State which we have been describing is said to be wise as being good in counsel? |
1497 | The existence of such persons is to be attributed to want of education, ill- training, and an evil constitution of the State? |
1497 | The good which oligarchy proposed to itself and the means by which it was maintained was excess of wealth-- am I not right? |
1497 | The imitative artist will be in a brilliant state of intelligence about his own creations? |
1497 | The just man then, if we regard the idea of justice only, will be like the just State? |
1497 | The man is mean, saving, toiling, the slave of one passion which is the master of the rest: Is he not the very image of the State? |
1497 | The next question is, How shall we treat our enemies? |
1497 | The next question is, Who are to be our rulers? |
1497 | The object of one is food, and of the other drink? |
1497 | The one love and embrace the subjects of knowledge, the other those of opinion? |
1497 | The pleasure of eating is necessary in two ways; it does us good and it is essential to the continuance of life? |
1497 | The process is as follows: When a potter becomes rich, will he, think you, any longer take the same pains with his art? |
1497 | The question is asked,--Why are the citizens of states so hostile to philosophy? |
1497 | The ruler may impose the laws and institutions which we have been describing, and the citizens may possibly be willing to obey them? |
1497 | The second paradox leads up to some curious and interesting questions-- How far can the mind control the body? |
1497 | The soul, I said, being, as is now proven, immortal, must be the fairest of compositions and can not be compounded of many elements? |
1497 | The true lie is hated not only by the gods, but also by men? |
1497 | The true lover of learning then must from his earliest youth, as far as in him lies, desire all truth? |
1497 | The very great benefit has next to be established? |
1497 | The whole period of three score years and ten is surely but a little thing in comparison with eternity? |
1497 | Their pleasures are mixed with pains-- how can they be otherwise? |
1497 | Then I may infer courage to be such as you describe? |
1497 | Then I suppose that opinion appears to you to be darker than knowledge, but lighter than ignorance? |
1497 | Then I suppose that we ought to do good to the just and harm to the unjust? |
1497 | Then a city is not to be called wise because possessing a knowledge which counsels for the best about wooden implements? |
1497 | Then a soul which forgets can not be ranked among genuine philosophic natures; we must insist that the philosopher should have a good memory? |
1497 | Then according to your argument it is just to injure those who do no wrong? |
1497 | Then an evil soul must necessarily be an evil ruler and superintendent, and the good soul a good ruler? |
1497 | Then are we to impose all our enactments on men and none of them on women? |
1497 | Then carpenters, and smiths, and many other artisans, will be sharers in our little State, which is already beginning to grow? |
1497 | Then clearly the next thing will be to make matrimony sacred in the highest degree, and what is most beneficial will be deemed sacred? |
1497 | Then comparing our original city, which was under a king, and the city which is under a tyrant, how do they stand as to virtue? |
1497 | Then everything which is good, whether made by art or nature, or both, is least liable to suffer change from without? |
1497 | Then he can hardly be compelled by external influence to take many shapes? |
1497 | Then he who is a good keeper of anything is also a good thief? |
1497 | Then he who is to be a really good and noble guardian of the State will require to unite in himself philosophy and spirit and swiftness and strength? |
1497 | Then he will no more have true opinion than he will have knowledge about the goodness or badness of his imitations? |
1497 | Then hirelings will help to make up our population? |
1497 | Then how can he who has magnificence of mind and is the spectator of all time and all existence, think much of human life? |
1497 | Then if being is the subject- matter of knowledge, something else must be the subject- matter of opinion? |
1497 | Then if geometry compels us to view being, it concerns us; if becoming only, it does not concern us? |
1497 | Then if the constitutions of States are five, the dispositions of individual minds will also be five? |
1497 | Then if the man is like the State, I said, must not the same rule prevail? |
1497 | Then if there be any city which may be described as master of its own pleasures and desires, and master of itself, ours may claim such a designation? |
1497 | Then in every way the laws will help the citizens to keep the peace with one another? |
1497 | Then in making their laws they may sometimes make them rightly, and sometimes not? |
1497 | Then in this case the narrative of the poet may be said to proceed by way of imitation? |
1497 | Then in this kind of State there will be the greatest variety of human natures? |
1497 | Then in time of peace justice will be of no use? |
1497 | Then in time of peace what is the good of justice? |
1497 | Then it will be our duty to select, if we can, natures which are fitted for the task of guarding the city? |
1497 | Then justice, according to your argument, is not only obedience to the interest of the stronger but the reverse? |
1497 | Then knowledge and opinion having distinct powers have also distinct spheres or subject- matters? |
1497 | Then medicine does not consider the interest of medicine, but the interest of the body? |
1497 | Then men who are injured are of necessity made unjust? |
1497 | Then more husbandmen and more artisans will be required? |
1497 | Then must not a further admission be made? |
1497 | Then no intemperance or madness should be allowed to approach true love? |
1497 | Then no motive can be imagined why God should lie? |
1497 | Then now comes the question,--How shall we create our rulers; what way is there from darkness to light? |
1497 | Then on this view also justice will be admitted to be the having and doing what is a man''s own, and belongs to him? |
1497 | Then opinion and knowledge have to do with different kinds of matter corresponding to this difference of faculties? |
1497 | Then opinion is not concerned either with being or with not- being? |
1497 | Then reflect; has the ear or voice need of any third or additional nature in order that the one may be able to hear and the other to be heard? |
1497 | Then shall we propose this as a second branch of knowledge which our youth will study? |
1497 | Then shall we try to find some way of convincing him, if we can, that he is saying what is not true? |
1497 | Then that is not the knowledge which we are seeking to discover? |
1497 | Then that part of the soul which has an opinion contrary to measure is not the same with that which has an opinion in accordance with measure? |
1497 | Then the art of war partakes of them? |
1497 | Then the community of wives and children among our citizens is clearly the source of the greatest good to the State? |
1497 | Then the cowardly and mean nature has no part in true philosophy? |
1497 | Then the intermediate state of rest will be pleasure and will also be pain? |
1497 | Then the just is happy, and the unjust miserable? |
1497 | Then the just is like the wise and good, and the unjust like the evil and ignorant? |
1497 | Then the just soul and the just man will live well, and the unjust man will live ill? |
1497 | Then the lover of wisdom has a great advantage over the lover of gain, for he has a double experience? |
1497 | Then the lying poet has no place in our idea of God? |
1497 | Then the soul of the thirsty one, in so far as he is thirsty, desires only drink; for this he yearns and tries to obtain it? |
1497 | Then the sun is not sight, but the author of sight who is recognised by sight? |
1497 | Then the superhuman and divine is absolutely incapable of falsehood? |
1497 | Then the tyrant is removed from true pleasure by the space of a number which is three times three? |
1497 | Then the tyrant will live at the greatest distance from true or natural pleasure, and the king at the least? |
1497 | Then the wise and good will not desire to gain more than his like, but more than his unlike and opposite? |
1497 | Then the world can not possibly be a philosopher? |
1497 | Then there is nothing impossible or out of the order of nature in our finding a guardian who has a similar combination of qualities? |
1497 | Then there must be another class of citizens who will bring the required supply from another city? |
1497 | Then they will quarrel as those who intend some day to be reconciled? |
1497 | Then this is the progress which you call dialectic? |
1497 | Then this new kind of knowledge must have an additional quality? |
1497 | Then to injure a friend or any one else is not the act of a just man, but of the opposite, who is the unjust? |
1497 | Then to them the good will be enemies and the evil will be their friends? |
1497 | Then virtue is the health and beauty and well- being of the soul, and vice the disease and weakness and deformity of the same? |
1497 | Then we have found the desired natures; and now that we have found them, how are they to be reared and educated? |
1497 | Then we have made an enactment not only possible but in the highest degree beneficial to the State? |
1497 | Then we have now, I said, the second form of government and the second type of character? |
1497 | Then we may assume that our athletes will be able to fight with two or three times their own number? |
1497 | Then we may begin by assuming that there are three classes of men-- lovers of wisdom, lovers of honour, lovers of gain? |
1497 | Then we must abstain from spoiling the dead or hindering their burial? |
1497 | Then we shall want merchants? |
1497 | Then what is that joint use of silver or gold in which the just man is to be preferred? |
1497 | Then what is your meaning? |
1497 | Then what will you do with them? |
1497 | Then when the person who asks me is not in his right mind I am by no means to make the return? |
1497 | Then who is more miserable? |
1497 | Then why are they paid? |
1497 | Then why not sin and pay for indulgences out of your sin? |
1497 | Then why should you mind? |
1497 | Then will not the citizens be good and civilized? |
1497 | Then women must be taught music and gymnastic and also the art of war, which they must practise like the men? |
1497 | Then would you call injustice malignity? |
1497 | Then you never heard of the saying of Phocylides, that as soon as a man has a livelihood he should practise virtue? |
1497 | Then you will make a law that they shall have such an education as will enable them to attain the greatest skill in asking and answering questions? |
1497 | Then you would infer that opinion is intermediate? |
1497 | Then you would not approve of Syracusan dinners, and the refinements of Sicilian cookery? |
1497 | Then, I said, if these and these only are to be used in our songs and melodies, we shall not want multiplicity of notes or a panharmonic scale? |
1497 | Then, I said, no science or art considers or enjoins the interest of the stronger or superior, but only the interest of the subject and weaker? |
1497 | Then, I said, our guardians must lay the foundations of their fortress in music? |
1497 | Then, again, within the city, how will they exchange their productions? |
1497 | Then, do you see any way in which the philosopher can be preserved in his calling to the end? |
1497 | Then, if there be any good which all artists have in common, that is to be attributed to something of which they all have the common use? |
1497 | Then, if women are to have the same duties as men, they must have the same nurture and education? |
1497 | Then, under the influence either of poverty or of wealth, workmen and their work are equally liable to degenerate? |
1497 | There is a thing which you call good and another which you call evil? |
1497 | There is another which is the work of the carpenter? |
1497 | There is the knowledge of the carpenter; but is that the sort of knowledge which gives a city the title of wise and good in counsel? |
1497 | There may come a time when the saying,''Have I not a right to do what I will with my own?'' |
1497 | There were two parts in our former scheme of education, were there not? |
1497 | There you are right, he replied; but if any one asks where are such models to be found and of what tales are you speaking-- how shall we answer him? |
1497 | These are the three styles-- which of them is to be admitted into our State? |
1497 | These matters, however, as I was saying, had better be referred to Damon himself, for the analysis of the subject would be difficult, you know? |
1497 | These then may be truly said to be the ends of these organs? |
1497 | These, then, are the two kinds of style? |
1497 | They are like faces which were never really beautiful, but only blooming; and now the bloom of youth has passed away from them? |
1497 | They will use friendly correction, but will not enslave or destroy their opponents; they will be correctors, not enemies? |
1497 | This, I said, is he who begins to make a party against the rich? |
1497 | This, then, will be the first great defect of oligarchy? |
1497 | Thrasymachus said,''Do you think that we have come hither to dig for gold, or to hear you discourse?'' |
1497 | Thus much of music, which makes a fair ending; for what should be the end of music if not the love of beauty? |
1497 | To be sure, he said; how can he think otherwise? |
1497 | To return to the tyrant-- How will he support that rare army of his? |
1497 | To tell the truth and pay your debts? |
1497 | To what do you refer? |
1497 | To what do you refer? |
1497 | True, I said; but would you never allow them to run any risk? |
1497 | True, he replied; but what of that? |
1497 | True, he said; how could they see anything but the shadows if they were never allowed to move their heads? |
1497 | Undoubtedly; and yet if music and gymnastic are excluded, and the arts are also excluded, what remains? |
1497 | Union and force and rhetoric will do much; and if men say that they can not prevail over the gods, still how do we know that there are gods? |
1497 | Until some one rare and grand result is reached which may be good, and may be the reverse of good? |
1497 | Very good, I said; then what is the next question? |
1497 | Very good, Thrasymachus, I said; and now to take the case of the arts: you would admit that one man is a musician and another not a musician? |
1497 | Very true, Adeimantus; but then, would any one, whether God or man, desire to make himself worse? |
1497 | Very true, I said; that is what I have to do: But will you be so good as answer yet one more question? |
1497 | Very true, he said; but what are these forms of theology which you mean? |
1497 | Very true, said Adeimantus; but how does the illustration apply to our enquiry? |
1497 | Was not the selection of the male guardians determined by differences of this sort? |
1497 | Was not this the beginning of the enquiry''What is great?'' |
1497 | We acknowledged-- did we not? |
1497 | We are not wrong therefore in calling them necessary? |
1497 | We can not but remember that the justice of the State consisted in each of the three classes doing the work of its own class? |
1497 | We had to consider, first, whether our proposals were possible, and secondly whether they were the most beneficial? |
1497 | We must recollect that the individual in whom the several qualities of his nature do their own work will be just, and will do his own work? |
1497 | We were saying that the parents should be in the prime of life? |
1497 | We were saying, when we spoke of the subject- matter, that we had no need of lamentation and strains of sorrow? |
1497 | Well said, Cephalus, I replied; but as concerning justice, what is it?--to speak the truth and to pay your debts-- no more than this? |
1497 | Well then, here are three beds: one existing in nature, which is made by God, as I think that we may say-- for no one else can be the maker? |
1497 | Well then, is not- being the subject- matter of opinion? |
1497 | Well then, you would admit that the qualities of states mean the qualities of the individuals who compose them? |
1497 | Well, I said, and how does the change from oligarchy into democracy arise? |
1497 | Well, I said, and in oligarchical States do you not find paupers? |
1497 | Well, I said, and is there no evil which corrupts the soul? |
1497 | Well, I said, and you would agree( would you not?) |
1497 | Well, I said, the subject has several difficulties-- What is possible? |
1497 | Well, I said; but if we suppose a change in anything, that change must be effected either by the thing itself, or by some other thing? |
1497 | Well, and are these of any military use? |
1497 | Well, and can the eyes fulfil their end if they are wanting in their own proper excellence and have a defect instead? |
1497 | Well, and do you think that those who say so are wrong? |
1497 | Well, and is not this one quality, to mention no others, greatly at variance with present notions of him? |
1497 | Well, and were we not creating an ideal of a perfect State? |
1497 | Well, and your guardian must be brave if he is to fight well? |
1497 | Well, but can you imagine that God will be willing to lie, whether in word or deed, or to put forth a phantom of himself? |
1497 | Well, but has any one a right to say positively what he does not know? |
1497 | Well, but if they are ever to run a risk should they not do so on some occasion when, if they escape disaster, they will be the better for it? |
1497 | Well, but is there any war on record which was carried on successfully by him, or aided by his counsels, when he was alive? |
1497 | Well, but what ought to be the criterion? |
1497 | Well, he said, have you never heard that forms of government differ; there are tyrannies, and there are democracies, and there are aristocracies? |
1497 | Well, there is another question: By friends and enemies do we mean those who are so really, or only in seeming? |
1497 | Well, you know of course that the greater is relative to the less? |
1497 | Well; and has not the soul an end which nothing else can fulfil? |
1497 | Were not these your words? |
1497 | What about this? |
1497 | What admission? |
1497 | What admissions? |
1497 | What are these corruptions? |
1497 | What are they, he said, and where shall I find them? |
1497 | What are they? |
1497 | What are they? |
1497 | What are they? |
1497 | What are you going to say? |
1497 | What causes? |
1497 | What defect? |
1497 | What did I borrow? |
1497 | What division? |
1497 | What do they say? |
1497 | What do you deserve to have done to you? |
1497 | What do you mean, Socrates? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you mean? |
1497 | What do you say? |
1497 | What do you say? |
1497 | What do you say? |
1497 | What do you say?'' |
1497 | What do you think? |
1497 | What else can they do? |
1497 | What else then would you say? |
1497 | What else would you have? |
1497 | What evil? |
1497 | What evil? |
1497 | What evils? |
1497 | What faculty? |
1497 | What good? |
1497 | What is desirable? |
1497 | What is it? |
1497 | What is it? |
1497 | What is it? |
1497 | What is most required? |
1497 | What is that you are saying? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is that? |
1497 | What is the difference? |
1497 | What is the process? |
1497 | What is the proposition? |
1497 | What is there remaining? |
1497 | What is to be done then? |
1497 | What is your illustration? |
1497 | What is your notion? |
1497 | What is your proposal? |
1497 | What limit would you propose? |
1497 | What makes you say that? |
1497 | What may that be? |
1497 | What may that be? |
1497 | What may that be? |
1497 | What of this line,''O heavy with wine, who hast the eyes of a dog and the heart of a stag,''and of the words which follow? |
1497 | What point of view? |
1497 | What point? |
1497 | What point? |
1497 | What principle of rival Sophists or anybody else can overcome in such an unequal contest? |
1497 | What quality? |
1497 | What quality? |
1497 | What question? |
1497 | What shall he profit, if his injustice be undetected and unpunished? |
1497 | What shall we say to him? |
1497 | What should they fear? |
1497 | What sort of instances do you mean? |
1497 | What sort of knowledge is there which would draw the soul from becoming to being? |
1497 | What sort of lie? |
1497 | What sort of mischief? |
1497 | What study do you mean-- of the prelude, or what? |
1497 | What tale? |
1497 | What the poets and story- tellers say-- that the wicked prosper and the righteous are afflicted, or that justice is another''s gain? |
1497 | What then is the real object of them? |
1497 | What then? |
1497 | What trait? |
1497 | What was the error, Polemarchus? |
1497 | What was the mistake? |
1497 | What was the omission? |
1497 | What way? |
1497 | What will be the issue of such marriages? |
1497 | What will be the issue of such marriages? |
1497 | What will they doubt? |
1497 | What, Thrasymachus, is the meaning of this? |
1497 | What, again, is the meaning of light and heavy, if that which is light is also heavy, and that which is heavy, light? |
1497 | What, are there any greater still? |
1497 | What, he said, is there a knowledge still higher than this-- higher than justice and the other virtues? |
1497 | What, now, I said, if he were able to run away and then turn and strike at the one who first came up? |
1497 | What, then, he said, is still remaining to us of the work of legislation? |
1497 | What, then, is the nature of dialectic, and what are the paths which lead thither?'' |
1497 | What? |
1497 | What? |
1497 | When Simonides said that the repayment of a debt was justice, he did not mean to include that case? |
1497 | When a man can not measure, and a great many others who can not measure declare that he is four cubits high, can he help believing what they say? |
1497 | When he is by himself he will not mind saying or doing many things which he would be ashamed of any one hearing or seeing him do? |
1497 | When horses are injured, are they improved or deteriorated? |
1497 | When is this accomplished? |
1497 | When mankind see that the happiness of states is only to be found in that image, will they be angry with us for attempting to delineate it? |
1497 | When they make them rightly, they make them agreeably to their interest; when they are mistaken, contrary to their interest; you admit that? |
1497 | Where must I look? |
1497 | Where then is he to gain experience? |
1497 | Where then? |
1497 | Where, then, is justice, and where is injustice, and in what part of the State did they spring up? |
1497 | Whereas he who has a taste for every sort of knowledge and who is curious to learn and is never satisfied, may be justly termed a philosopher? |
1497 | Whereas the bad and ignorant will desire to gain more than both? |
1497 | Whereas the physician and the carpenter have different natures? |
1497 | Whereas true love is a love of beauty and order-- temperate and harmonious? |
1497 | Which appetites do you mean? |
1497 | Which are they? |
1497 | Which is a just principle? |
1497 | Which of us has spoken truly? |
1497 | Which years do you mean to include? |
1497 | Who better suited to raise the question of justice than Cephalus, whose life might seem to be the expression of it? |
1497 | Who can be at enmity with one who loves them, who that is himself gentle and free from envy will be jealous of one in whom there is no jealousy? |
1497 | Who can hate a man who loves him? |
1497 | Who can measure probabilities against certainties? |
1497 | Who can weigh virtue, or even fortune against health, or moral and mental qualities against bodily? |
1497 | Who is he? |
1497 | Who is it, I said, whom you are refusing to let off? |
1497 | Who is that? |
1497 | Who that is not a miserable caitiff will refrain from smiling at the praises of justice? |
1497 | Who then are those whom we shall compel to be guardians? |
1497 | Who then can be a guardian? |
1497 | Who was that? |
1497 | Whom, I said, are you not going to let off? |
1497 | Whose is that light which makes the eye to see perfectly and the visible to appear? |
1497 | Whose? |
1497 | Why do you ask such a question, I said, when you ought rather to be answering? |
1497 | Why do you ask? |
1497 | Why do you say so? |
1497 | Why great caution? |
1497 | Why indeed, he said, when any name will do which expresses the thought of the mind with clearness? |
1497 | Why is that? |
1497 | Why not, as Aeschylus says, utter the word which rises to our lips? |
1497 | Why not? |
1497 | Why not? |
1497 | Why not? |
1497 | Why not? |
1497 | Why not? |
1497 | Why should he? |
1497 | Why should they not be? |
1497 | Why so? |
1497 | Why so? |
1497 | Why so? |
1497 | Why so? |
1497 | Why, I replied, what do you want more? |
1497 | Why, I said, do you not see that men are unwillingly deprived of good, and willingly of evil? |
1497 | Why, I said, what was ever great in a short time? |
1497 | Why, in the first place, although they are all of a good sort, are not some better than others? |
1497 | Why, what else is there? |
1497 | Why, where can they still find any ground for objection? |
1497 | Why, yes, I said, of course they answer truly; how can the Muses speak falsely? |
1497 | Why, yes, he said: how can any reasonable being ever identify that which is infallible with that which errs? |
1497 | Why, you do not mean to say that the tyrant will use violence? |
1497 | Why? |
1497 | Why? |
1497 | Why? |
1497 | Why? |
1497 | Will any one deny the other point, that there may be sons of kings or princes who are by nature philosophers? |
1497 | Will any private training enable him to stand firm against the overwhelming flood of popular opinion? |
1497 | Will he know from use whether or no his drawing is correct or beautiful? |
1497 | Will he not also require natural aptitude for his calling? |
1497 | Will he not be called by them a prater, a star- gazer, a good- for- nothing? |
1497 | Will he not fancy that the shadows which he formerly saw are truer than the objects which are now shown to him? |
1497 | Will he not have the notions of good and evil which the public in general have-- he will do as they do, and as they are, such will he be? |
1497 | Will he not rather obtain them on the spot? |
1497 | Will he not think that heaven and the things in heaven are framed by the Creator of them in the most perfect manner? |
1497 | Will he not utterly hate a lie? |
1497 | Will horsemen carry torches and pass them one to another during the race? |
1497 | Will not a young man''s heart leap amid these discordant sounds? |
1497 | Will not such an one from his early childhood be in all things first among all, especially if his bodily endowments are like his mental ones? |
1497 | Will not the guardians be the smallest of all the classes who receive a name from the profession of some kind of knowledge? |
1497 | Will not their eyes be dazzled, and will they not try to get away from the light to something which they are able to behold without blinking? |
1497 | Will our citizens ever believe all this? |
1497 | Will the creature feel any compunction at tyrannizing over them? |
1497 | Will the just man or citizen ever be guilty of sacrilege or theft, or treachery either to his friends or to his country? |
1497 | Will the just state or the just individual steal, lie, commit adultery, or be guilty of impiety to gods and men? |
1497 | Will they disbelieve us, when we tell them that no State can be happy which is not designed by artists who imitate the heavenly pattern? |
1497 | Will they doubt that the philosopher is a lover of truth and being? |
1497 | Will they not be sophisms captivating to the ear, having nothing in them genuine, or worthy of or akin to true wisdom? |
1497 | Will they not be vile and bastard, devoid of truth and nature? |
1497 | Will they not be vile and bastard? |
1497 | Will they not produce corn, and wine, and clothes, and shoes, and build houses for themselves? |
1497 | Will you admit so much? |
1497 | Will you enquire yourself? |
1497 | Will you explain your meaning? |
1497 | Will you repay me, then, what you borrowed in the argument? |
1497 | Will you say that the world is of another mind? |
1497 | Will you say whether you approve of my proposal? |
1497 | Will you tell me? |
1497 | Will you tell me? |
1497 | Will you then kindly answer, for the edification of the company and of myself? |
1497 | Would a man who wanted to be safe on a voyage take a bad pilot because he was rich, or refuse a good one because he was poor? |
1497 | Would any one deny this? |
1497 | Would he allow imitation to be the ruling principle of his life, as if he had nothing higher in him? |
1497 | Would he not be worse than Eriphyle, who sold her husband''s life for a necklace? |
1497 | Would he not have had many devoted followers? |
1497 | Would he not rather say or do the same as his like in the same case? |
1497 | Would not he who is fitted to be a guardian, besides the spirited nature, need to have the qualities of a philosopher? |
1497 | Would that be your way of speaking? |
1497 | Would the picture of a perfectly beautiful man be any the worse because no such man ever lived? |
1497 | Would they not have been as unwilling to part with them as with gold, and have compelled them to stay at home with them? |
1497 | Would you agree with me in thinking that the corrupting and destroying element is the evil, and the saving and improving element the good? |
1497 | Would you call one of them virtue and the other vice? |
1497 | Would you have me put the proof bodily into your souls? |
1497 | Would you know the measure of the interval which separates them? |
1497 | Would you like, for the sake of clearness, to distinguish which are the necessary and which are the unnecessary pleasures? |
1497 | Would you say six or four years? |
1497 | Would you say that all men are equal in excellence, or is one man better than another? |
1497 | Would you say that knowledge is a faculty, or in what class would you place it? |
1497 | Yes, I said, a jest; and why? |
1497 | Yes, I said; and the higher principle is ready to follow this suggestion of reason? |
1497 | Yes, I said; and this being true of one must be equally true of all number? |
1497 | Yes, I said; and when a man dies gloriously in war shall we not say, in the first place, that he is of the golden race? |
1497 | Yes, I said; but if this definition of justice also breaks down, what other can be offered? |
1497 | Yes, Socrates, he said, and if you were providing for a city of pigs, how else would you feed the beasts? |
1497 | Yes, but also something more-- Is it not doubtful whether our guardians are to be imitators at all? |
1497 | Yes, but could this ever have happened if Homer had really been the educator of Hellas? |
1497 | Yes, but do not persons often err about good and evil: many who are not good seem to be so, and conversely? |
1497 | Yes, he replied, such is very often the case; but what has that to do with us and our argument? |
1497 | Yes, he said, that sort of thing is certainly very blameable; but what are the stories which you mean? |
1497 | Yes, he said; but what are the characteristics of this form of government, and what are the defects of which we were speaking? |
1497 | Yes, he said; how can I deny it? |
1497 | Yes, that is very true, but may I ask another question?--What do you consider to be the greatest blessing which you have reaped from your wealth? |
1497 | Yes, the greatest; but will you explain yourself? |
1497 | Yes; and is not this true of the government of anything? |
1497 | Yes; but how in such partnerships is the just man of more use than any other man? |
1497 | Yet if he is not the maker, what is he in relation to the bed? |
1497 | Yet of all the organs of sense the eye is the most like the sun? |
1497 | You are aware, I suppose, that all mythology and poetry is a narration of events, either past, present, or to come? |
1497 | You are further aware that most people affirm pleasure to be the good, but the finer sort of wits say it is knowledge? |
1497 | You have answered me, I replied: Well, and may we not further say that our guardians are the best of our citizens? |
1497 | You know that they live securely and have nothing to apprehend from their servants? |
1497 | You mean geometry? |
1497 | You mean that they would shipwreck? |
1497 | You mean that you do not understand the nature of this payment which to the best men is the great inducement to rule? |
1497 | You mean to ask, I said, what will be our answer? |
1497 | You mean to say that the people, from whom he has derived his being, will maintain him and his companions? |
1497 | You mean when money is not wanted, but allowed to lie? |
1497 | You mean, I suspect, to ask whether tragedy and comedy shall be admitted into our State? |
1497 | You recognise the truth of what I have been saying? |
1497 | You remember what people say when they are sick? |
1497 | You remember, I said, how the rulers were chosen before? |
1497 | You say that perfect injustice is more gainful than perfect justice? |
1497 | You think that justice may be of use in peace as well as in war? |
1497 | You will admit that the same education which makes a man a good guardian will make a woman a good guardian; for their original nature is the same? |
1497 | You would agree with me? |
1497 | You would allow, I said, that there is in nature an upper and lower and middle region? |
1497 | You would argue that the good are our friends and the bad our enemies? |
1497 | You would compare them, I said, to those invalids who, having no self- restraint, will not leave off their habits of intemperance? |
1497 | You would not be inclined to say, would you, that navigation is the art of medicine, at least if we are to adopt your exact use of language? |
1497 | You would not deny that those who have any true notion without intelligence are only like blind men who feel their way along the road? |
1497 | and are not the best judges in like manner those who are acquainted with all sorts of moral natures? |
1497 | and does not the actual tyrant lead a worse life than he whose life you determined to be the worst? |
1497 | and even in their peculiar pursuits, are not women often, though in some cases superior to men, ridiculously enough surpassed by them? |
1497 | and he who has tyrannized longest and most, most continually and truly miserable; although this may not be the opinion of men in general? |
1497 | and how does he live, in happiness or in misery? |
1497 | and how shall we manage the period between birth and education, which seems to require the greatest care? |
1497 | and is no difference made by the circumstance that one of the fingers is in the middle and another at the extremity? |
1497 | and must he not be represented as such? |
1497 | and will any education save him from being carried away by the torrent? |
1497 | and you would agree that to conceive things as they are is to possess the truth? |
1497 | and''What is small?'' |
1497 | beat his father if he opposes him? |
1497 | he said; are they not capable of defending themselves? |
1497 | he said; ought we to give them a worse life, when they might have a better? |
1497 | he says;''would you have me put the words bodily into your souls?'' |
1497 | or any greater good than the bond of unity? |
1497 | or is any invention attributed to you, as there is to Thales and Anacharsis? |
1497 | or is the subject- matter of opinion the same as the subject- matter of knowledge? |
1497 | or that he who errs in arithmetic or grammar is an arithmetician or grammarian at the time when he is making the mistake, in respect of the mistake? |
1497 | or the knowledge of all other things if we have no knowledge of beauty and goodness? |
1497 | or will he be carried away by the stream? |
1497 | or will he have right opinion from being compelled to associate with another who knows and gives him instructions about what he should draw? |
1497 | or will you make allowance for them? |
1497 | or would you include the mixed? |
1497 | or would you prefer to look to yourself only? |
1497 | or, rather, how can there be an opinion at all about not- being? |
1497 | or, suppose them to have no care of human things-- why in either case should we mind about concealment? |
1497 | shall we condescend to legislate on any of these particulars? |
1497 | were you not saying that he too makes, not the idea which, according to our view, is the essence of the bed, but only a particular bed? |
1497 | would he not desire to have more than either the knowing or the ignorant? |
1497 | you are incredulous, are you? |