subject-beer-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 12 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 173,836 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 14,486 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 86. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

xml, id, lemma, pos, pc, reg, acp, sentence, unit, sp, speaker, will, vvb, beer, av, wine, ale, vvi, pns, drink, water, one, pn, cs, nature, cold, cc, type, shall, may, good, po, hot, every, body, also, make, contract, much, great, vvz, made, therefore, vvn, spirits, now, stomach, time, text, take

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Wine, Beer, and Ale Together by the Ears, Miscellania: or, A collection of necessary, useful, and profitable tracts on variety of subjects which for their excellency, and benefit of mankind, are compiled in one volume. By Thomas Tryon physiologus., and Warm beere, or, A treatise wherein is declared by many reasons that beere so qualified is farre more wholsome then that which is drunke cold with a confutation of such objections that are made against it, published for the preservation of health..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

pc xml, pos acp, unit sentence, pos vvb, vvb xml, pos av, vvi xml, pos vvi, pns xml, pos pns, av xml, sp xml, pos pn, cs xml, pn xml, sp sp, cc xml, po xml, pos po, pos cc, type contract, pos vvz, pc speaker, vvn xml, pos vvn, pos pno, pno xml, vvz xml, pos crq, pos vmb, lemma wine, wine pos, ab xml, beer pos, lemma beer, vmb xml, reg beer, join left, contract lemma, beer beere, rendition hi, lemma ale, ale pos, pos cs, sentence speaker, xx xml, pos xx, nn xml, wine speaker, pos vvd

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Wine, Beer, and Ale Together by the Ears A proclamation, regulating the price of the weigh of bear [sic] proportionally to the prices of the drink, and Act continuing the importation of Irish meal & oats, and allowing bear to be imported until the fifteen day of May next. Edinburgh, February 25th. 1696..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, water, stomach, spirits, parliament, nature, body, beer, xml, who="a01425-wine, unit="sentence">.hauebeere

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be a01425, and Friday 12 December, 1651. Votes of Parliament touching the excize of beer and ale. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. a01425 - Wine, Beer, and Ale Together by the Ears
2. nature - Miscellania: or, A collection of necessary, useful, and profitable tracts on variety of subjects which for their excellency, and benefit of mankind, are compiled in one volume. By Thomas Tryon physiologus.
3. cold - Warm beere, or, A treatise wherein is declared by many reasons that beere so qualified is farre more wholsome then that which is drunke cold with a confutation of such objections that are made against it, published for the preservation of health.

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. a01425, xml, id - Wine, Beer, and Ale Together by the Ears
2. nature, body, good - Miscellania: or, A collection of necessary, useful, and profitable tracts on variety of subjects which for their excellency, and benefit of mankind, are compiled in one volume. By Thomas Tryon physiologus.
3. text, tcp, shall - Two proposals, humbly offer''d to the Honourable House of Commons, now assembled in Parliament I. That a duty be laid on malt, in the stead of the present duty on beer and ale, and likewise, that the several engagements that revenue lies under, be transferr''d on that of malt, II. That a duty be laid on malt, and the present duty on beer and ale be continued : to which is annex''d an accompt, what in all probability the frauds of brewers do amount to, and wherin such frauds are prejudicial to the King, to the subject, and to the trade itself : likewise by what means such grievances are most properly redress''d / by A. Burnaby ...
4. cold, drink, hot - Warm beere, or, A treatise wherein is declared by many reasons that beere so qualified is farre more wholsome then that which is drunke cold with a confutation of such objections that are made against it, published for the preservation of health.
5. half, enter, immediately - Votes of Parliament touching the excize of beer and ale.

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

xml, id="a01425, pc, p, pos="n1, pos="vvi, pos="n2, cs, time, body, drink, >, things, text, beer, water, stomach, thing, part, nature, reason, pos="po, way, heat, doth, people, day, sorts, man, quantity, blood, use, quality, viz, nothing, works, q, years, sort, self, parts, cc, texts, spirits, men, life, book, av, w, power

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, have, do, id="a01425, being, were, was, made, make, does, take, been, lemma="wine, said, let, lemma="your, put, drink, according, lemma="i, reg="beer">beere

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

w, id="a01425, pos="acp, pos="d, pos="vvb, xml, pos="pns, /p, lemma="be, sp, pos="pn, speaker, pos="j, lemma="you, pos="cc, pos="vvz, lemma="i, lemma="and, pos="vvn, nature, pos="av, pos="pno, lemma="the, pos="po, lemma="a, pos="crq, spirits, pos="vmb, tcp, water, unit="sentence"/, lemma="of, pos="n, lemma="for, lemma="beer, ale, lemma="he, lemma="ale, type="contract2, pos="xx, lemma="not, lemma="have, unit="sentence">?

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, their, i, them, his, you, your, our, he, its, we, themselves, my, us, him, me, her, himself, she, lemma="thyself, theirs, thy, thee, ours, one, itself, à, ye, s, oesophagus, mine, lemma="vapour, lemma="throw, lemma="himself, l, id="a01425-e106140, id="a01425-e104840, id="a01425-e104090, id="a01425-e103790, id="a01425-e102760, diu, ay

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

pos="n1, unit="sentence">.

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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