bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram frequency
saudi arabia1335
middle east541
respiratory syndrome531
east respiratory489
syndrome coronavirus402
public health342
cov infection155
dromedary camels135
infection prevention119
risk factors113
respiratory tract103
gcc countries101
acute respiratory94
infection control94
infectious diseases92
health care90
social distancing89
novel coronavirus89
dental caries89
control measures88
world health86
health organization86
mers coronavirus64
healthcare workers64
confirmed cases63
coronavirus disease62
coronavirus infection58
prevention climate57
respiratory viruses54
cord uid52
sectional study52
spike protein52
doc id52
human transmission50
infectious disease49
cryptosporidium infection49
lbp intensity49
saudi arabian48
arabian peninsula47
saudi ministry45
hajj pilgrims44
south korea44
knowledge transfer44
respiratory infections43
health education43
tract infections43
nursing students43
united states41
severe acute41
total number40
lower respiratory40
cov infections39
human metapneumovirus39
protein gene39
respiratory symptoms39
respiratory illness38
emerging infectious37
present study37
oral health37
healthcare professionals37
hajj pilgrimage37
rift valley37
fatality rate37
age group36
cov cases36
contact network36
upper respiratory36
mass gatherings36
systematic review36
sample size35
influenza virus35
back pain35
hospitalized patients35
cryptosporidium oocysts34
precautionary measures34
valley fever34
general population32
case definition32
confirmed mers32
another study32
social media32
low back31
higher risk30
mortality rate30
critically ill30
antimicrobial stewardship30
significantly higher29
hemorrhagic fever29
age groups29
preventive measures29
suspected cases29
previous studies28
study conducted28
study period28
educational programs28
incubation period28
cohort study28
arab emirates28
united arab28
infected cases27
infections among27
care workers27
significant difference27
cases reported26
direct contact26
hajj specimens26
active cases25
intensive care25
school children25
case fatality25
saudi moh25
clinical features25
among pilgrims25
virus infection25
high anxiety24
fever virus24
cov outbreak24
tertiary care24
human coronavirus24
data collection24
dromedary camel24
health authorities24
one study23
factors associated23
disease control23
saudi government23
severe respiratory23
knowledge score23
genetic diversity22
respiratory disease22
respiratory syncytial22
first case22
infected patients22
among hcws22
corona virus22
primary school22
infected individuals22
logistic regression22
hajj season22
syncytial virus22
virtual classrooms22
among children22
amino acid22
zoonotic diseases21
global health21
important role21
retrospective study21
tested positive21
distance learning21
cov transmission21
moh hospitals21
primary mers21
statistically significant20
viral respiratory20
informed consent20
human cases20
high prevalence20
influenza viruses20
clinical characteristics20
current study20
high level20
respiratory distress20
agile adoption20
infection among20
school closures20
mobile app20
cov antibodies20
review board20
wind speed20
human infection20
anxiety levels20
close contact20
polymerase chain19
nursing practice19
mosque closures19
granted medrxiv19
chain reaction19
significant differences19
associated factors19
version posted19
training hospitals19
adr reporting19
daily cases19
coronavirus infections19
mers cases19
new cases19
secondary cases19
toward covid19
author funder19
made available19
healthcare facilities19
institutional review19
ill patients19
healthcare settings19
copyright holder19
cov incidence19
towards covid19
mass gathering19
hospital outbreak19
confirmed case18
authors declare18
international license18
high risk18
diabetes mellitus18
odds ratios18
care unit18
practiced pa18
zoonotic infections18
saudi authorities18
saudi hospitals18
negative perception17
patients infected17
app development17
zoonotic pathogens17
camelus dromedarius17
developing countries17
drinking water17
cov patients17
viral diseases17
study aimed17
response rate17
direct medical17
epidemiological data17
west nile17
regression analysis17
water resources16
among hospitalized16
premier league16
infection rate16
health security16
zoonotic disease16
qassim region16
flight shutdowns16
asp adoption16
risk assessment16
study participants16
primary cases16
respiratory specimens16
spike gene16
cooperation council16
study also16
distress syndrome16
previous study16
two thirds16
patient safety16
years old16
brain tumors15
gulf cooperation15
mental health15
standard precautions15
arabia middle15
zoonotic viral15
may also15
saudi population15
epidemic curve15
several studies15
family members15
cns tumors15
odds ratio15
individual factors15
anxiety level15
cryptosporidium spp15
cov infected15
higher lbp15
medical students15
intestinal parasites15
arabia using15
infected camels15
respiratory samples15
samples collected15
faculty members15
healthcare system15
neutralizing antibodies15
results showed15
family cluster15
mers case15
clinical presentation14
respiratory infection14
hand hygiene14
health services14
dietary habits14
western region14
confidence interval14
among patients14
caries experience14
will help14
health workforce14
pharmacy students14
risk factor14
cov educational14
primary cns14
eastern mediterranean14
knowledge scores14
food handlers14
french pilgrims14
viral rna14
swab specimens14
time reverse14
reverse transcription14
health professionals14
socioeconomic factors14
supplementary material14
mers patients14
cov spike14
nasal swab14
nile virus14
saudi nationals14
reported cases13
transmission dynamics13
respiratory diseases13
young children13
breast feeding13
viral infections13
patients admitted13
severe pneumonia13
table shows13
per day13
assessment methods13
arabia prevalence13
large number13
human coronaviruses13
mediterranean region13
demographic characteristics13
concern score13
positive cases13
educational institutions13
control practices13
significant improvement13
two nodes13
primary healthcare13
per patient13
hospitalized covid13
highest number13
middle eastern13
available data13
sporadic cases13
closely related13
swimming pools13
cases per13
care professionals13
anxiety among13
ethics committee13
viral shedding13
general public12
high concern12
prospective cohort12
medical cost12
study aims12
recombinant virus12
united kingdom12
among healthcare12
feeding practices12
suspected mers12
among primary12
flavored milk12
practices towards12
bottled water12
expected number12
qualitative study12
among hajj12
avian influenza12
including saudi12
food safety12
sectional survey12
newcastle united12
publicly available12
education level12
king abdulaziz12
significantly associated12
socioeconomic status12
laboratory confirmation12
income countries12
care hospital12
wide range12
medical city12
mean knowledge12
disease spread12
nursing profession12
clinical data12
hospital pharmacists12
online questionnaire11
dengue fever11
calculated using11
climate change11
positive attitudes11
per year11
animal species11
competent public11
different countries11
three years11
viral disease11
health organizations11
north africa11
arabia date11
factors influencing11
negative perceptions11
first time11
factors among11
molecular epidemiology11
statistical analysis11
streptococcus pneumoniae11
student satisfaction11
communicable disease11
million pilgrims11
cov rna11
novel human11
saudi individuals11
zoonotic infection11
health doi11
respiratory pathogens11
medrxiv preprint11
control study11
gulf region11
air pollution11
among saudi11
first confirmed11
global burden11
large numbers11
goals scored11
health risks11
health sciences11
two cases11
among people11
mortality among11
saudi vision11
current situation11
parasitic infections11
statistical analyses11
household contacts11
environmental conditions11
hospitalized children11
among health11
medical care11
pharmacy education10
epidemic dynamics10
high rate10
confidence intervals10
awareness level10
adverse drug10
control strategies10
health emergency10
increased risk10
lockdown period10
observational study10
categorical variables10
among different10
pandemic influenza10
psychological impact10
performed using10
acute kidney10
descriptive study10
future dynamics10
serological study10
study found10
symptomatic cases10
remote teaching10
cough episodes10
incidence rate10
confirmed covid10
point prevalence10
th century10
recombination events10
causative agent10
mers infection10
aged years10
standard deviation10
public awareness10
recovery rate10
first study10
less likely10
risk domains10
risk groups10
reported mers10
research center10
healthcare worker10
perceived effectiveness10
mortality rates10
using spss10
coronavirus middle10
severe disease10
viral pathogens10
care facilities10
among participants10
recent study10
study showed10
recovered cases10
care providers10
inclusion criteria10
nosocomial transmission10
contact patterns10
health issues10
posted june10
zoonotic transmission10
chronic disease9
wadi addawasir9
home countries9
six months9
cov case9
binding domain9
spatiotemporal clusters9
communicable diseases9
global public9
travel restrictions9
old man9
febrile illness9
work environment9
ethical approval9
total cases9
mers outbreak9
associated infections9
pcr assay9
maximum percentage9
proposed model9
influenza pandemic9
indirect contact9
assessed using9
likert scale9
significant association9
old male9
many countries9
total score9
mers cov9
marital status9
every year9
alkhurma hemorrhagic9
nasal carriage9
cryptosporidium infections9
public knowledge9
swab samples9
king fahad9
foodborne outbreaks9
among male9
actual curve9
infect dis9
soft drinks9
intestinal parasitic9
pilgrims returning9
escherichia coli9
point likert9
king saud9
percentage increase9
abdulaziz university9
hour curfew9
severe mers9
king khalid9
febrile cough9
renal failure9
child feeding9
personal protective9
primary health9
drug reactions9
adjusted odds9
data used9
infl uenza9
pediatric patients9
kidney injury9
kumbh mela9
disease transmission9
korean outbreak9
education programs9
median age9
cost per9
contact relationships9
positive samples9
significant risk9
team members9
organ failure9
seven times9
also found9
annual hajj9
reproduction number9
care settings9
new york9
council countries9
learning outcomes9
reported among9
five times9
critical cases9
riyadh province9
sir model9
cluster analysis9
retrospective cohort9
network generation9
posted may9
among persons9
simulation model9
also reported9
healthcare services9
acquired pneumonia9
monoclonal antibodies8
associated risk8
recombinant mers8
treatment options8
structured questionnaire8
fresh fruits8
among chinese8
weather conditions8
epidemic model8
clinical signs8
treatment protocols8
study date8
several countries8
infectious virus8
seasonal influenza8
disease prevention8
almost two8
relative humidity8
low income8
clinical experience8
gcc region8
domestic livestock8
novel recombinant8
medical research8
studies conducted8
imported food8
psychological safety8
symptom onset8
childhood caries8
environmental factors8
healthcare systems8
saudi health8
data regarding8
mers pneumonia8
newly confirmed8
competing interests8
neighboring countries8
significant role8
may increase8
mechanical ventilation8
rhesus macaques8
khalid university8
dumat aljundal8
clinical manifestations8
dipeptidyl peptidase8
stone curlews8
expatriate workers8
participants whose8
caries among8
percentage error8
control participants8
first cases8
year period8
complete genome8
rabies virus8
based study8
respiratory droplets8
gastrointestinal infections8
patient care8
administrative regions8
clinical practice8
tertiary hospital8
psychological distress8
health problems8
epidemic curves8
among adults8
viral infection8
data obtained8
first phase8
controlled trial8
prediction model8
coronavirus outbreak8
phylogenetic analysis8
index case8
similar findings8
saudi nursing8
cov among8
first reported8
study reported8
genome sequence8
results suggest8
scientific research8
aseer region8
future research8
time pcr8
healthcare providers8
university hospital8
laboratory testing8
icu admission8
cov sequences8
suspected case8
see table8
primary brain8
gastrointestinal symptoms8
reported data8
general authority8
comprehensive review8
health behavior8
times higher8
eff ects8
fahad medical8
within saudi8
contracting covid8
water treatment8
million people8
dis doi8
mean absolute8
camel milk8
higher levels8
healthcare centers8
cases among8
study using8
second phase8
antimicrobial prescribing8
statin use8
imported case8
absolute percentage8
clinical symptoms8
throat swab8
among iranian7
conducted among7
emerging zoonotic7
least two7
saudi children7
diagnostic methods7
significantly different7
may explain7
protective equipment7
severe cases7
peste des7
saudi residents7
infection risk7
corresponding author7
reported daily7
mean duration7
wuhan city7
final model7
control precautions7
viral zoonotic7
days later7
safe practices7
course learning7
care system7
adult patients7
parasitic diseases7
pharmaceutical education7
human mers7
hmpv infection7
riyadh city7
pediatric age7
studies reported7
human infections7
may include7
virus transmission7
final manuscript7
disease outbreak7
may help7
decision making7
including age7
domestic animals7
health courses7
basic reproduction7
like illness7
main source7
mean age7
phylogenetic tree7
virus disease7
employed students7
mers coronaviruses7
significantly lower7
healthcare facility7
software development7
major cities7
crossover design7
hospital admission7
virus infections7
significant proportion7
close contacts7
anxiety disorder7
three times7
agile software7
bluetongue virus7
early childhood7
severe depression7
highly contagious7
experienced hcws7
strongly disagree7
supportive care7
outbreak size7
teaching strategies7
patients presenting7
international concern7
old age7
genetic characterization7
showed significant7
eastern countries7
whose post7
educational level7
strongly agree7
patients suspected7
also observed7
intervention participants7
saharan africa7
kidney disease7
like protease7
high proportion7
respiratory failure7
higher awareness7
asp team7
epidemiological studies7
square test7
umrah pilgrimage7
host cell7
illness onset7
prevalent among7
data showed7
health system7
nursing transformation7
respiratory virus7
arabian health7
extreme measures7
health service7
ethics approval7
tract infection7
target population7
prevalence rate7
less experienced7
alternative assessment7
compartmental models7
hmpv infections7
riyadh region7
abu dhabi7
observed among7
des petits7
transmission routes7
even though7
slaughterhouse workers7
illness caused7
saud university7
negative impact7
infected animals7
concern scores7
mean score7
emergency room7
patients hospitalized7
first imported7
targeted questionnaire7
ergonomic recommendations7
cov activity7
influenza vaccine7
health status7
camel samples7
protective measures7
metapneumovirus infection7
practice social7
asp strategy7
children years7
interim case7
respiratory viral7
knowledge level7
lbp risk7
one third7
developed countries7
health workers7
health promotion7
two groups7
disease dynamics7
model parameters7
health interventions7
close proximity7
eastern province7
recent outbreak7
dhf infection7
reverse transcriptase7
days prior7
old cohort7
management teams7
high mortality7
program management7
emerging diseases7
desalinated water7
generalized anxiety7
recent studies7
severe middle6
emergency departments6
saudi commission6
genetic recombination6
private sector6
coronavirus replication6
retrospective studies6
time spent6
future studies6
outbreak investigation6
many cases6
genome sequences6
arabian ministry6
levels among6
eff orts6
among nurses6
including deaths6
cell lines6
virus isolation6
contact networks6
compartment epidemiology6
identify potential6
last years6
active screening6
study design6
questionnaire responses6
within days6
health response6
heart failure6
distributed among6
environ res6
gulf countries6
health implications6
coronavirus pandemic6
hospital managers6
elderly people6
patient health6
significant impact6
median incubation6
water quality6
studies showed6
significantly increased6
hospital outbreaks6
vicugna pacos6
control practice6
male patients6
survival probability6
work experience6
study population6
regarding mers6
educational program6
antimicrobial resistance6
acute viral6
lower lbp6
acid sequences6
diseases among6
software organisations6
total direct6
conducted using6
livestock trade6
questionnaire included6
severe anxiety6
primary care6
practicing social6
previous findings6
participants reported6
first isolated6
health diplomacy6
health questionnaire6
highest among6
international travel6
sars outbreak6
english language6
feel safe6
common among6
acute lower6
human respiratory6
superspreading event6
intervention group6
health insurance6
brain tumor6
emergency department6
syndromic surveillance6
rapid spread6
convalescent plasma6
health behaviors6
alternative methods6
chronic respiratory6
major risk6
pharmacy colleges6
protozoan parasites6
full genome6
coronavirus mers6
severe covid6
lower knowledge6
contingency strategy6
travel medicine6
cell culture6
arabia reported6
statistical package6
male hcws6
randomly selected6
methods used6
staphylococcus aureus6
much higher6
good practices6
also showed6
livestock species6
younger age6
hand washing6
mv use6
major control6
secondary acquisition6
regarding covid6
different groups6
literature update6
petits ruminants6
muslim pilgrimage6
pediatric population6
task force6
drug resistance6
meningococcal disease6
chronic kidney6
frequent consumption6
bronchial asthma6
camel contact6
scan statistic6
ended questions6
cov outbreaks6
pain among6
adverse effects6
new coronavirus6
cross sectional6
south asians6
transcriptase polymerase6
will also6
clinical training6
host cells6
musculoskeletal disorders6
infection rates6
least one6
data analysis6
questions related6
rna genome6
getting infected6
camel sera6
per week6
emergency remote6
physical activity6
among individuals6
affected countries6
day survival6
better understand6
seasonal variation6
training hospital6
water supply6
camelpox virus6
gene sequences6
arabia mers6
health information6
spss version6
antimicrobial use6
asymptomatic transmission6
nasal swabs6
competent workforce6
based model6
genomic rna6
strongly significant6
ijerph sha6
death rate6
three days6
phase ii6
foodborne diseases6
arabia knowledge6
particulate matter6
domestic flight6
res public6
case reports6
eastern region6
pain intensity6
south korean6
camel products6
knowledge management6
children aged6
predominantly associated6
cryptosporidium species6
statistical significance6
sampling technique6
health affairs6
human populations6
hong kong6
climate perception6
coronavirus associated6
amino acids6
ground water6
asymptomatic mers6
diarrhoeal diseases6
pcr methods6
model results6
significant increase6
fatal disease6
congo hemorrhagic6
king abdullah6
among adult6
urgent need6
demographic variables6
awareness among6
parasitic infection6
arabia clinical6
different healthcare6
inadequate infection6
likely high6
different zoonotic6
breast milk6
chronic conditions6
anxiety symptoms6
epidemiological study6
reliable source6
spatial scan6
arabia saudi6
southern saudi6
major role6
factors include6
low prevalence6
arabia ministry6
related factors6
practices toward6
clinical course6
age years6
using real6
cov virus6
linear regression6
march th6
southwestern saudi6
showed higher6
coronavirus antibodies6
data collected6
bachelor degree6
positive attitude6
spike glycoprotein5
among females5
pa two5
bat coronavirus5
many people5
influencing agile5
nursing staff5
represent contact5
death anxiety5
high fatality5
eastern saudi5
control measure5
newly discovered5
spatiotemporal cluster5
social sciences5
across different5
research questions5
potential source5
emergency preparedness5
concern among5
content validation5
risk mers5
saudi context5
haemorrhagic fever5
research will5
genomic study5
epidemiological analysis5
travel questionnaire5
investigation middle5
congestive heart5
discharged alive5
across age5
hospital admissions5
awareness campaigns5
continuous variables5
cases identified5
leading cause5
international medical5
coronavirus among5
social contact5
pcr assays5
covid dashboard5
available information5
physical distancing5
zoonotic cases5
univariate analysis5
faecal samples5
food poisoning5
major public5
associated transmission5
central saudi5
phylogenetic relationship5
significant positive5
mixed feeding5
four years5
geographic distribution5
coronavirus hku5
sore throat5
tested persons5
small number5
may cause5
congo haemorrhagic5
pseudoparticle virus5
surveillance systems5
molecular analysis5
radiological evidence5
participating hospitals5
umrah season5
information technology5
study assessed5
training programs5
interim guidance5
rna virus5
rapid rise5
weight loss5
study protocol5
high school5
subclinical infection5
disease surveillance5
learning tools5
software version5
widely used5
study suggests5
inoculated dromedary5
showed interest5
internet connection5
health specialties5
online survey5
considered significant5
naturally infected5
vast majority5
research ethics5
pregnant women5
community structure5
sample collected5
study suggested5
good knowledge5
global spread5
health facility5
random edges5
node pairs5
among covid5
low socioeconomic5
dhf virus5
low visibility5
corticosteroid therapy5
electronic supplementary5
nasopharyngeal swabs5
heart disease5
descriptive genomic5
gastrointestinal diseases5
may reflect5
secondary clusters5
related aspects5
related organizations5
research methods5
variables selected5
short period5
good oral5
care center5
research studies5
powdered milk5
common marmoset5
health programs5
using microneutralisation5
study sample5
two peaks5
national level5
primary human5
affected region5
hospital administration5
international spread5
putative recombination5
major livestock5
clinical cases5
ten years5
different species5
child oral5
mosquito bites5
cardiovascular diseases5
positive correlation5
assays reveal5
work status5
bacteria among5
among males5
mg medicine5
implementing antimicrobial5
interferon beta5
countries including5
large tertiary5
application development5
iranian pilgrims5
tissue samples5
another report5
taibah university5
general directorate5
face masks5
dengue virus5
pain area5
acute febrile5
high number5
internal consistency5
unemployed students5
week follow5
quantitative data5
coronavirus using5
left home5
associated infection5
bat coronaviruses5
gold standard5
medical history5
transcription polymerase5
cancer registry5
day mortality5
reference category5
symptomatic treatment5
hospitalization among5
different environmental5
regression analyses5
two weeks5
considered statistically5
nasal discharge5
annual spatiotemporal5
social edges5
alternative activities5
surveillance system5
health systems5
total population5
well known5
mild upper5
patients treated5
previously published5
study middle5
exclusion criteria5
densely populated5
severe diarrhoea5
south asia5
circulating influenza5
klebsiella pneumoniae5
intrafamilial transmission5
current research5
measures employed5
several important5
african countries5
mers sari5
different scenarios5
camel exposures5
monthly income5
closed cluster5
epidemic models5
study included5
phase i5
signed rank5
may reduce5
analyzed using5
compliance rates5
overall mean5
day lags5
health professional5
causes severe5
early recognition5
mouse model5
human rights5
saudi patients5
student representatives5
eastern respiratory5
disease outbreaks5
edges represent5
key factors5
musculoskeletal pain5
national data5
higher percentage5
rank test5
pandemic risk5
severe symptoms5
higher chance5
specific education5
linked immunosorbent5
creative commons5
results show5
epidemiological modeling5
animal bites5
older adults5
subtype family5
seasonal cluster5
nursing shortage5
south american5
saudi cancer5
medical records5
authors read5
makkah city5
coronavirus covid5
viral loads5
people aged5
multiple vaccination5
stranded rna5
underlying chronic5
magnet hospitals5
literature review5
academic year5
positive patients5
largest outbreak5
via email5
cov patient5
total cost5
pilocytic astrocytomas5
spss software5
qualitative data5
qassim regions5
reported moderate5
aedes aegypti5
herd immunity5
key associated5
human rabies5
nervous system5
common cold5
mecca pilgrimage5
arabian gulf5
animal model5
comparative study5
sequence diversity5
final status5
safety measures5
high frequency5
higher concern5
among medical5
old children5
rabies cases5
based questionnaire5
medical staff5
recombination detection5
practices scores5
transmission rate5
cov information5
travel history5
novel corona5
blood pressure5
several limitations5
real time5
based cross5
significant barrier5
highest rate5
first outbreak5
limited number5
south africa5
spatiotemporal clustering5
health specialty5
zoonotic pathogen5
selection process5
outcomes among5
north america5
secondary infections5
google forms5
electronic surveillance5
asymptomatic cases5
educational intervention5
structural proteins5
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