bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
health care	994
protective equipment	857
personal protective	778
healthcare workers	696
infection control	653
coronavirus disease	452
public health	408
acute respiratory	366
respiratory syndrome	343
care workers	340
novel coronavirus	317
severe acute	294
patient care	287
united states	271
intensive care	269
hand hygiene	243
face shield	232
face shields	223
surgical masks	221
ppe use	219
infection prevention	211
world health	207
face masks	207
critical care	205
eye protection	204
infectious diseases	203
cord uid	190
doc id	190
health organization	186
operating room	159
confirmed covid	157
generating procedures	152
care unit	152
high risk	151
disease control	146
surgical mask	143
care settings	142
health workers	142
airborne transmission	141
systematic review	140
ebola virus	134
social distancing	133
emergency department	133
negative pressure	132
healthcare settings	131
infectious agents	126
infectious disease	124
syndrome coronavirus	120
respiratory protection	118
hydrogen peroxide	115
appropriate ppe	112
social media	109
highly infectious	108
critically ill	107
control measures	106
infected patients	106
risk factors	105
care providers	103
standard precautions	101
full ppe	101
supply chain	100
cloth masks	98
care facilities	95
control practices	94
virus disease	93
staphylococcus aureus	91
medical masks	90
aerosol generating	89
author funder	88
filtering facepiece	88
granted medrxiv	87
face mask	86
body fluids	86
confirmed cases	84
increased risk	83
copyright holder	80
close contact	79
healthcare professionals	77
respiratory infections	77
mental health	77
doffing ppe	76
suspected covid	75
staff members	75
ill patients	75
mask use	75
viral load	75
airway management	75
occupational safety	74
respiratory droplets	73
among healthcare	72
facepiece respirators	72
middle east	71
surgical procedures	71
nosocomial transmission	71
made available	71
risk management	70
family members	70
version posted	70
respiratory tract	70
care personnel	69
among health	69
contact precautions	67
waste management	67
powered air	66
risk assessment	66
lessons learned	66
new york	65
healthcare personnel	65
positive patients	64
respiratory distress	64
medical center	63
interim guidance	63
operating rooms	63
east respiratory	63
care facility	63
medrxiv preprint	62
healthcare facilities	62
resistant staphylococcus	61
enhanced ppe	60
disease transmission	60
care units	60
dental practice	60
adequate ppe	59
using ppe	59
tested positive	59
pandemic influenza	59
term care	59
acute care	59
healthcare providers	58
fit testing	58
clinical practice	58
ems providers	57
decision making	57
team members	57
hong kong	57
physical distancing	56
airborne precautions	56
may also	56
healthcare system	56
peer review	56
clinical care	56
international license	56
endotracheal intubation	55
direct contact	55
occupational health	55
based precautions	55
influenza pandemic	54
interviewed trainers	54
medical staff	53
healthcare worker	53
mechanical ventilation	53
data collection	52
eye care	51
contact tracing	51
different types	51
patient contact	51
patients infected	50
droplet precautions	50
higher risk	50
wearing ppe	50
use ppe	49
nursing homes	49
commonly used	49
isolation room	49
care professionals	49
clinical characteristics	49
will need	48
prevent transmission	48
viral transmission	48
shoe covers	47
respiratory failure	47
health system	47
pregnant women	47
respiratory symptoms	46
current covid	46
universal precautions	46
health service	46
medical waste	45
care setting	45
healthcare systems	45
home care	45
statistically significant	45
respiratory infection	45
health emergency	45
infectious remains	45
extended use	44
patients requiring	44
informed consent	44
healthcare staff	44
patients may	44
respiratory secretions	44
king county	43
sars outbreak	43
protective measures	43
membrane oxygenation	42
patient safety	42
used ppe	42
national institute	42
per day	42
routine care	42
united kingdom	42
aerosol transmission	42
developing countries	41
air purifying	41
elastomeric respirators	41
purifying respirator	41
preventing transmission	41
readily available	41
respondents reported	41
nursing staff	41
hospitalized patients	41
rational use	40
frontline healthcare	40
may need	40
risk procedures	40
analytics package	40
person transmission	40
upper respiratory	40
donning doffing	39
purifying respirators	39
ppe used	39
hand washing	39
rights reserved	39
virus transmission	39
emergency surgery	39
global pandemic	39
dental procedures	39
emergency departments	38
infection among	38
th march	38
ppe may	38
nosocomial infections	38
royal college	38
extracorporeal membrane	38
droplet nuclei	38
treatment room	38
authors declare	38
staff member	38
south korea	37
close contacts	37
ppe training	37
emerging infectious	37
distress syndrome	37
chest ct	37
patient rooms	37
isolation precautions	36
medical equipment	36
oral health	36
exercise testing	36
dental care	36
hospital staff	36
health systems	36
evd outbreak	36
tracheal intubation	36
ppe usage	36
personal protection	36
potentially infectious	36
viral rna	35
low risk	35
contracting covid	35
sample size	35
airborne particles	35
health administration	35
national health	35
primary care	35
control guidelines	35
per hour	35
environmental contamination	35
viral particles	35
hepa filter	35
pandemic date	35
medical procedures	35
review board	35
hemorrhagic fever	34
best practices	34
radiology department	34
standard operating	34
patient room	34
healthcare setting	34
ppe supply	34
ppe donning	34
elective surgery	34
clinical research	34
posted may	34
institutional review	34
ppe shortage	34
general public	34
coronavirus infection	34
aerosol generation	34
influenza virus	34
appropriate use	33
current pandemic	33
respiratory illness	33
ems provider	33
glove use	33
surgical team	33
test results	33
engineering controls	33
emergency medical	33
covid pandemic	33
pressure room	33
may increase	33
medical care	33
without ppe	32
proper use	32
risk perception	32
chain reaction	32
post system	32
incubation period	32
advisory committee	32
response rate	32
training programs	32
west africa	32
ppe must	32
invasive ventilation	32
respirator masks	32
covid patients	31
severe covid	31
will continue	31
ems encounters	31
vast majority	31
nursing home	31
particulate respirators	31
airborne infection	31
care worker	31
positive pressure	31
asymptomatic patients	31
coronavirus pandemic	31
providing care	30
present study	30
may require	30
particulate air	30
infection risk	30
efficiency particulate	30
nosocomial infection	30
sodium hypochlorite	30
emergency room	30
polymerase chain	30
surface stability	29
will also	29
infections among	29
performed using	29
cystic fibrosis	29
respiratory viruses	29
respiratory syncytial	29
will likely	29
viral shedding	29
patients undergoing	29
isolation gowns	29
proper ppe	29
doffing procedures	29
health professionals	29
pediatric patients	29
bodily fluids	29
cohort study	29
close proximity	29
ppe shortages	28
local health	28
protective clothing	28
isolation unit	28
online survey	28
direct care	28
based hand	28
mask ventilation	28
among hcws	28
even though	28
droplet transmission	28
elective surgeries	28
clinical features	28
time frame	28
control procedures	28
community transmission	28
speech reception	28
fit test	28
ppe selection	28
total number	28
ppe recommendations	27
health services	27
pandemic response	27
mucous membranes	27
regarding ppe	27
cardiac arrest	27
sectional study	27
viral loads	27
protecting health	27
clinical trials	27
global health	27
income countries	27
disease outbreak	27
syncytial virus	27
care delivery	27
mycobacterium tuberculosis	27
clinical staff	27
direct patient	27
potential exposure	27
body fluid	27
early phase	27
medical services	27
virus infection	27
large number	27
protection equipment	27
pilot study	27
reported cases	27
literature review	26
mortality rate	26
may result	26
time series	26
may include	26
infection rates	26
respiratory virus	26
surgical tracheostomy	26
clostridium difficile	26
also reported	26
frontline staff	26
coronavirus covid	26
data analysis	26
clinical trial	26
emergency medicine	26
life cycle	26
hospital setting	26
exposure risk	26
infectious agent	26
infected pneumonia	26
isolation rooms	26
ppe availability	26
urgent care	26
general adult	26
may help	26
care services	26
endotracheal tube	26
operating procedures	25
patient management	25
care area	25
clinical course	25
reception threshold	25
clinical areas	25
double gloves	25
many countries	25
recommended ppe	25
dental practitioners	25
high level	25
life support	25
mitigation strategies	25
air changes	25
occupational exposure	25
mining industry	25
generating procedure	25
medical supplies	25
hubei province	24
posted november	24
dental practices	24
air samples	24
cardiopulmonary resuscitation	24
resistant enterococci	24
multiple patients	24
care systems	24
respiratory hygiene	24
protective mask	24
emergency surgical	24
factors associated	24
must wear	24
among patients	24
plastic waste	24
infected individuals	24
academic medical	24
suspected cases	24
zoonotic disease	24
first case	24
iv us	24
occupational risk	24
source control	24
per week	24
emergency use	24
uk government	24
nuclear cardiology	24
transmission among	24
elective cases	24
health england	24
pressure isolation	23
high viral	23
years old	23
received training	23
current evidence	23
highest level	23
single use	23
generating medical	23
face protection	23
procedures performed	23
communicable diseases	23
competing interests	23
mers outbreak	23
march th	23
infl uenza	23
case report	23
medical centers	23
york city	23
face coverings	23
coronavirus pneumonia	23
care system	23
neonatal resuscitation	23
highly contagious	23
infectious material	23
patients without	23
risk factor	23
care hospitals	23
related patients	22
adverse effects	22
preventive measures	22
neck surgery	22
clinical work	22
th april	22
precautionary measures	22
will help	22
additional ppe	22
vaporized hydrogen	22
elective procedures	22
care staff	22
pandemic covid	22
orthopaedic surgery	22
crisis management	22
provide care	22
pcr tests	22
standard ppe	22
clinical presentation	22
transmission dynamics	22
limited resources	22
facial protection	22
human immunodeficiency	22
new coronavirus	22
support staff	22
ppe supplies	22
drug administration	22
previous studies	22
waiting room	22
within days	22
cough etiquette	22
series data	22
red zone	22
ppe ensembles	22
general hospital	22
health worker	22
immunodeficiency virus	22
infectious patients	22
also used	22
less likely	22
speech discrimination	22
case volume	22
front line	22
hygiene practices	22
available evidence	22
minimize exposure	21
pandemic preparedness	21
make sure	21
one study	21
ffp masks	21
health authorities	21
filtration efficiency	21
training program	21
surgical intervention	21
medical devices	21
clinical setting	21
higher level	21
nasopharyngeal swab	21
pressure rooms	21
emergency response	21
herd immunity	21
hospital settings	21
environmental surfaces	21
surgical cases	21
general population	21
ebola outbreak	21
dental professionals	21
respiratory disease	21
surge capacity	21
managing covid	21
whenever possible	21
infection isolation	21
associated infections	21
may reduce	20
days prior	20
perioperative management	20
bloodborne pathogens	20
general anesthesia	20
johns hopkins	20
may occur	20
observational studies	20
confirmed patients	20
task force	20
face piece	20
protecting healthcare	20
staff safety	20
study period	20
coronavirus outbreak	20
ae hlct	20
surgical management	20
surgical gowns	20
highest number	20
aerosolized particles	20
emergency care	20
loved ones	20
medical personnel	20
significant difference	20
correct use	20
protective masks	20
care clinicians	20
symptomatic patients	20
sectional survey	20
changes per	20
megg ppe	20
peroxide vapor	20
take care	20
dental office	20
pharmacy personnel	20
health crisis	20
took place	20
general surgery	20
randomized controlled	20
surgical care	20
disease prevention	20
full face	20
dental team	20
may provide	20
surgical patients	20
neonatal intensive	20
radiology departments	20
dental settings	20
study showed	20
case series	19
ppe including	19
infectious particles	19
tertiary care	19
nasal cannula	19
ipc practices	19
confirmed coronavirus	19
global supply	19
ventilation systems	19
transmission occurs	19
doffing process	19
face covering	19
positive cases	19
ppe will	19
health officials	19
situ simulation	19
hand sanitizer	19
community pharmacies	19
patients admitted	19
suspected patients	19
social distance	19
infectious waste	19
care activities	19
pressure injury	19
may become	19
treating patients	19
optimal ppe	19
controlled trial	19
operating theatre	19
skull base	19
available resources	19
potentially infected	19
general practice	19
minimally invasive	19
discrimination score	19
flow nasal	19
donning ppe	19
medical students	19
cdc guidelines	19
per patient	19
community settings	19
adequate training	19
becoming infected	19
icp needs	19
respiratory diseases	19
financial support	19
prevention measures	19
retrospective cohort	19
institutional affiliations	18
remains neutral	18
work environment	18
short period	18
bloodstream infections	18
respiratory support	18
ppe items	18
cloth face	18
social care	18
ophthalmic nurses	18
supportive care	18
private sector	18
widely available	18
community pharmacy	18
university hospital	18
physical contact	18
interventional radiology	18
infected person	18
confirmed highly	18
symptoms consistent	18
blood pressure	18
patient encounters	18
risk areas	18
nature remains	18
urgent procedures	18
care team	18
ffp mask	18
solid waste	18
randomized clinical	18
respiratory protective	18
rapidly evolving	18
rapid spread	18
clinical microbiology	18
administrative controls	18
risk settings	18
protect health	18
control recommendations	18
published maps	18
jurisdictional claims	18
rehabilitation medicine	18
symptom onset	18
removing ppe	18
springer nature	18
care provider	18
veterinary surgeons	18
fatality rate	18
statistical analysis	18
plastic pollution	18
nhs staff	18
cases among	18
particle size	18
perform hand	18
pediatric radiology	18
designated covid	18
protective gear	18
reported use	18
chinese center	18
practical recommendations	18
ppe guidance	18
ppe required	18
teaching hospital	18
respiratory pathogens	18
tertiary hospital	18
patients will	18
body temperature	18
american college	17
potential risk	17
reuse allowed	17
outbreak response	17
jakob disease	17
care hospital	17
staff may	17
considered high	17
health agencies	17
chest compressions	17
positive covid	17
clinical management	17
covid positive	17
medical education	17
table shows	17
generate aerosols	17
affected countries	17
study participants	17
important lessons	17
additional precautions	17
contaminated surfaces	17
european centre	17
infection transmission	17
index case	17
mortality rates	17
surveyed trainees	17
without permission	17
respiratory specimens	17
narrative review	17
high demand	17
interim infection	17
pcr testing	17
health outcomes	17
private practice	17
urology residents	17
human subjects	17
logistic regression	17
first reported	17
asymptomatic screening	17
every day	17
neck surgeons	17
control precautions	17
practices advisory	17
limited reuse	17
sore throat	17
best practice	17
american academy	17
surgical cap	17
biosafety level	17
recent study	17
working group	17
frontline workers	17
within hours	17
highly hazardous	17
skin damage	17
viral respiratory	17
psychological impact	17
hand rub	17
ultraviolet germicidal	17
hospital resources	17
provider safety	17
supply chains	17
viral hemorrhagic	17
suspected confirmed	17
oral cavity	17
control protocols	17
appropriate personal	17
safety measures	17
protect healthcare	17
severe respiratory	17
travel history	17
care medicine	17
neurosurgical services	17
allowed without	17
wear ppe	17
different countries	17
inadequate ppe	17
low mimetic	17
human transmission	17
significant risk	17
respirator mask	17
available ppe	17
disease outbreaks	17
control programs	17
taiwan cdc	17
research staff	17
least one	17
dental treatment	16
evd patients	16
time spent	16
aerodigestive tract	16
outpatient clinics	16
high quality	16
safety culture	16
sars transmission	16
take place	16
study reported	16
human services	16
oral care	16
ophthalmology societies	16
mean age	16
germicidal irradiation	16
designated hospital	16
th may	16
surgical smoke	16
may lead	16
routine use	16
emergency nurses	16
health conditions	16
translational simulation	16
adverse events	16
second wave	16
adequate supply	16
diagnostic tests	16
ppe equipment	16
head neck	16
concerns regarding	16
social workers	16
injury prevention	16
determine whether	16
early stages	16
veterinary profession	16
immune system	16
pseudomonas aeruginosa	16
protective eyewear	16
conserve ppe	16
needs met	16
veterinary professionals	16
medical conditions	16
exhaled breath	16
note springer	16
urgent cases	16
available online	16
procedures involving	16
healthcare services	16
pressure ventilation	16
cms tier	16
treatment rooms	16
virus infections	16
control strategies	16
immunocompromised patients	16
institutional guidelines	16
corona virus	16
recommendations regarding	16
care must	16
health emergencies	16
exact test	16
biocontainment unit	16
mild symptoms	16
health organisation	16
antimicrobial agents	16
safety protocols	16
protect staff	16
nosocomial outbreak	16
health authority	16
tracheostomy tube	16
healthcare facility	16
critical shortage	16
emergency preparedness	16
growth rate	16
heart disease	16
ambulatory care	16
highest risk	16
research activities	16
exposed patients	16
known covid	16
surgical gown	16
square test	16
north america	15
will require	15
adequate protection	15
us dentists	15
consent form	15
case basis	15
orthopedic surgeons	15
surgical practice	15
surgical treatment	15
health agency	15
transmission risks	15
antimicrobial resistance	15
household contacts	15
filtration efficacy	15
see table	15
central venous	15
masks may	15
filtration performance	15
information regarding	15
hcws working	15
proper hand	15
care beds	15
preparedness plan	15
dominic cummings	15
influenza vaccination	15
two weeks	15
surveillance system	15
lower risk	15
health department	15
infection rate	15
resistant gown	15
home health	15
descriptive statistics	15
respirator use	15
may cause	15
human factors	15
homemade masks	15
risk mitigation	15
health commission	15
care nurses	15
provide ppe	15
use authorization	15
emergent cases	15
cdc recommends	15
professional future	15
significant proportion	15
log reduction	15
medical imaging	15
confirmed case	15
simulation training	15
significant differences	15
single patient	15
lassa fever	15
expert panel	15
organ failure	15
one patient	15
transmission risk	15
observational study	15
staff working	15
rapidly changing	15
south africa	15
hcw close	15
heart failure	15
hand disinfection	15
significant impact	15
limited access	15
health personnel	15
distancing measures	15
viable virus	15
co eq	15
dentists reported	15
federal government	15
increased demand	15
including ppe	15
symptomatic patient	15
care workforce	15
response team	15
clinical specimens	15
also important	15
several studies	15
particularly important	15
clinical settings	15
care management	15
facepiece respirator	15
nasal cavity	15
currently available	15
strongly recommended	15
rapid advice	15
covid testing	14
advice guideline	14
position statement	14
filtering face	14
chest radiographs	14
contact transmission	14
false negative	14
study protocol	14
current study	14
barrier protection	14
positive test	14
million people	14
health management	14
isolation units	14
protect hcws	14
decontamination procedures	14
medical examiners	14
ppe requirements	14
global shortage	14
urgent surgical	14
cdc recommendations	14
screening group	14
social drama	14
waste disposal	14
test positive	14
significant increase	14
anesthesiology teams	14
uv light	14
reduce risk	14
study design	14
transmission routes	14
gold standard	14
asymptomatic individuals	14
emergency management	14
washington state	14
vital signs	14
near future	14
staff exposure	14
potential risks	14
care center	14
healthcare infection	14
outward protection	14
among medical	14
medical mask	14
hygiene cough	14
surg doi	14
surface contamination	14
evidence suggests	14
many patients	14
short time	14
self help	14
teams caring	14
body bag	14
scientific evidence	14
provide adequate	14
early stage	14
two studies	14
systematic reviews	14
international concern	14
limited number	14
digital technologies	14
nursing care	14
performing procedures	14
study aimed	14
optimal use	14
past month	14
concern regarding	14
airway pressure	14
trauma patients	14
wide range	14
main operating	14
infected patient	14
satisfaction level	14
american society	14
specific ppe	14
clinical decision	14
consensus statement	14
rapid review	14
open source	14
will allow	14
air pressure	14
covid patient	14
indirect contact	14
new information	14
ct findings	14
barrier precautions	14
strict adherence	14
doffing procedure	14
high compliance	14
airborne route	14
decontamination methods	14
wearing masks	14
coronavirus sars	14
personal safety	14
risks associated	14
older adults	14
higher levels	14
health sciences	14
high levels	13
saudi arabia	13
us reported	13
care provided	13
surgical services	13
microbiology laboratory	13
endoscopic procedures	13
case numbers	13
ebola treatment	13
medical institutions	13
several factors	13
early march	13
gastrointestinal symptoms	13
new cases	13
essential services	13
regarding covid	13
emergency procedures	13
medical device	13
medical record	13
limited data	13
clinical scenarios	13
orthopaedic surgeons	13
asymptomatic carriers	13
utmost importance	13
respiratory infectious	13
ultraviolet light	13
viral spread	13
death toll	13
thoracic surgery	13
immunization practices	13
negative impact	13
anxiety disorder	13
long distances	13
va ecmo	13
demographic characteristics	13
gp registrars	13
hospital infection	13
care areas	13
endoscopy training	13
severe illness	13
severe shortages	13
mucous membrane	13
using telemedicine	13
european society	13
kg co	13
management systems	13
safety glasses	13
api patient	13
working environment	13
per year	13
reduce transmission	13
dental offices	13
provide safe	13
ppe item	13
infection risks	13
standard deviation	13
prevent contamination	13
technical skills	13
patient outcomes	13
pandemic situation	13
practice guidelines	13
surgical face	13
sars cov	13
nebraska biocontainment	13
ppe kit	13
quality improvement	13
dental health	13
reduce exposure	13
refresher training	13
facial protective	13
function will	13
ppe among	13
cruise ship	13
qualitative study	13
among hospital	13
heat stress	13
boris johnson	13
current situation	13
pandemic planning	13
maxillofacial surgery	13
environmental cleaning	13
treat patients	13
stainless steel	13
vascular surgeons	13
situation report	13
patients receiving	13
local institutional	13
laboratory workers	13
dental association	13
wear masks	13
available data	13
soft tissue	13
significantly reduced	13
viral infections	13
zoster virus	13
cancer patients	13
reusable ppe	13
patient population	13
patient transmission	13
possible covid	13
short supply	13
limited availability	13
contaminated body	13
large tertiary	13
future studies	13
particulate respirator	13
based training	13
control study	13
decision makers	13
testing sites	13
preoperative covid	13
function testing	13
oxygen saturation	13
pressure operating	13
level disinfection	13
coronavirus infections	13
among others	13
viral testing	12
positive patient	12
research team	12
ppe provision	12
remain suspended	12
program directors	12
severe disease	12
also included	12
computed tomography	12
must also	12
providers may	12
equipment shortages	12
york times	12
work practices	12
respiratory viral	12
aerosolizing procedures	12
subarachnoid hemorrhage	12
level containment	12
pressure ulcers	12
congregate living	12
sars coronavirus	12
upper airway	12
generalized anxiety	12
international guidelines	12
ppe needs	12
rapid sequence	12
many healthcare	12
skilled nursing	12
low cost	12
virus causing	12
dental activity	12
nan doi	12
pharmaceutical interventions	12
hazardous materials	12
video laryngoscopy	12
full megg	12
diagnostic testing	12
child care	12
simulation service	12
droplet spread	12
many cases	12
different levels	12
ppe doffing	12
outpatient visits	12
high mimetic	12
get infected	12
aerosolgenerating procedures	12
open letter	12
northern italy	12
behaviour change	12
posted september	12
renal failure	12
ipc team	12
ebola hemorrhagic	12
us iv	12
recommended use	12
positive airway	12
prolonged periods	12
provide direct	12
pediatric exercise	12
ppe kits	12
pandemic infl	12
patient must	12
inclusion criteria	12
ecmo centers	12
supply shortages	12
facial skin	12
psychiatry unit	12
patient may	12
novel virus	12
without symptoms	12
among us	12
significant improvement	12
registered nurses	12
transmission via	12
avian influenza	12
submitted work	12
renal function	12
study conducted	12
social dramas	12
dental setting	12
maternity care	12
data curation	12
acquired infection	12
negative results	12
aesthetic procedures	12
organizational myopia	12
doff ppe	12
risk patients	12
high flow	12
upper aerodigestive	12
two days	12
ethical approval	12
avoid cross	12
publicly available	12
important role	12
ethics committee	12
national guidelines	12
data regarding	12
qualitative research	12
hospital emergency	12
plastic blanket	12
warm zone	12
extracorporeal life	12
manual ventilation	12
prone acute	12
ethics approval	12
staff will	12
orthopedic surgery	12
influenza among	12
hospital system	12
hpv decontamination	12
pulmonary function	12
use among	12
surgical teams	12
may change	12
dl vl	12
regional anesthesia	12
coronavirus transmission	12
especially important	12
may remain	12
another study	12
facial hair	12
testing capacity	12
medical association	12
air flow	12
reusing ppe	12
us centers	12
ophthalmological society	12
surgical staff	12
like illness	12
ffp respirator	12
mimetic mode	12
vertical transmission	12
biological agents	12
environmental protection	12
nasopharyngeal swabs	12
staff must	12
protective ppe	12
several limitations	12
surface environmental	12
nhs trusts	12
potential covid	12
cycle assessment	12
iv iv	12
among hcp	12
response measures	12
addis ababa	12
global epidemic	12
epidemiologically important	12
routine patient	12
missing data	12
airborne infectious	11
inpatient psychiatry	11
workers worldwide	11
may affect	11
oxygen therapy	11
surgical gloves	11
pakistan reported	11
prone positioning	11
measures taken	11
supplementary material	11
better protection	11
survey participants	11
previously described	11
intervention group	11
protection agency	11
health secretary	11
equipment used	11
proper donning	11
downing street	11
patients suspected	11
acquired infections	11
based studies	11
precautionary principle	11
time period	11
particularly vulnerable	11
skin protection	11
patients presenting	11
sars epidemic	11
general ward	11
statistical analyses	11
high rates	11
survey study	11
long term	11
ensure appropriate	11
air handling	11
geographical location	11
one week	11
confidence interval	11
sample collection	11
per cent	11
selection bias	11
commercially available	11
extremely low	11
provider encounters	11
reggio emilia	11
surgical training	11
also required	11
plastic bags	11
ncov infection	11
one another	11
three times	11
resources including	11
employee health	11
minimum stockpile	11
potentially contaminated	11
training sessions	11
attitudes towards	11
first responders	11
among emergency	11
descriptive study	11
state health	11
testing may	11
ppe protocols	11
factors influencing	11
medical practice	11
negative bacilli	11
allows users	11
sars patients	11
waiting areas	11
lockdown rules	11
virus spread	11
diamond princess	11
ppe worn	11
valve mask	11
disinfection room	11
zoonotic infections	11
replacement model	11
essential ppe	11
relative humidity	11
may benefit	11
provide protection	11
risk analysis	11
additive manufacturing	11
equipment contamination	11
two different	11
operating procedure	11
community hospital	11
psychological distress	11
airborne routes	11
continuous variables	11
control efforts	11
case study	11
may vary	11
much higher	11
nuclear medicine	11
local hospital	11
adult patients	11
patient interaction	11
aggregated data	11
ppe guidelines	11
safe work	11
cath lab	11
droplet route	11
oral medicine	11
difficult airway	11
final version	11
precautions among	11
ae hlcts	11
three days	11
ffp respirators	11
one respondent	11
ppe includes	11
prime minister	11
equipment endangering	11
young children	11
effective communication	11
recent studies	11
fever viruses	11
circular economy	11
rapid test	11
ad hoc	11
safe care	11
many factors	11
size range	11
outcomes among	11
air conditioning	11
days later	11
disease pandemic	11
viral infection	11
settings infection	11
head cover	11
reverse transcription	11
preventing covid	11
diseases due	11
invasive procedures	11
american association	11
daily basis	11
google scholar	11
also recommended	11
statistical significance	11
randomized trial	11
phone calls	11
i will	11
vl dl	11
occupational exposures	11
environmental control	11
treating covid	11
environmental infection	11
study also	11
visual demonstration	11
national stockpile	11
protection devices	11
also noted	11
electronic medical	11
vhp decontamination	11
providing patient	11
resource allocation	11
financial relationships	11
critical role	11
relatively low	11
intubated patients	11
human health	11
without covid	11
media briefing	11
new virus	11
causing covid	11
project administration	11
vary depending	11
recent travel	11
hcws reported	10
index patient	10
patient health	10
complete ppe	10
collected data	10
interviewed trainer	10
data suggest	10
waiting rooms	10
use plastics	10
sir model	10
front lines	10
likert scale	10
policy changes	10
specific recommendations	10
also need	10
room air	10
skin types	10
times higher	10
testing protocols	10
performing aerosol	10
national institutes	10
international survey	10
moral injury	10
among respondents	10
quality assurance	10
covid cases	10
individual patient	10
case fatality	10
health departments	10
airway society	10
recommend using	10
risk group	10
antiviral medication	10
pandemic preparation	10
public authorities	10
suspected highly	10
risk perceptions	10
face guard	10
ebola epidemic	10
also may	10
management strategies	10
patient encounter	10
towards ppe	10
high mortality	10
gene therapy	10
press conference	10
testing kits	10
body contouring	10
hcw asymptomatic	10
reusable elastomeric	10
diabetes mellitus	10
workers involved	10
pathogen transmission	10
transmission potential	10
small number	10
management system	10
unique ems	10
icu patients	10
internal medicine	10
data will	10
medicaid services	10
became clear	10
potential transmission	10
infected persons	10
severe symptoms	10
infectious pathogens	10
frequently used	10
safety officer	10
impact categories	10
also considered	10
resource availability	10
transmission may	10
resources available	10
medical resources	10
health minister	10
health policy	10
otolaryngology procedures	10
air exchange	10
medical records	10
patient without	10
current literature	10
generally considered	10
certain procedures	10
open access	10
vitreoretinal surgery	10
disease among	10
early experience	10
residency program	10
elective outpatient	10
safety climate	10
pediatric intensive	10
based approach	10
three months	10
assisted living	10
asymptomatic transmission	10
safe use	10
best available	10
healthcare provider	10
medical professionals	10
adequate supplies	10
daily changes	10
zoonotic diseases	10
hemorrhagic fevers	10
aerosol production	10
european union	10
isolation ward	10
healthcare simulation	10
contact routes	10
significantly higher	10
require additional	10
icu beds	10
extended periods	10
public sectors	10
may contribute	10
lived experience	10
disposable gown	10
must take	10
ct chest	10
environmental factors	10
recommended infection	10
careful consideration	10
transmitted via	10
speech perception	10
states department	10
tests per	10
essential personnel	10
control group	10
examination gloves	10
public sector	10
mainly due	10
tuberculosis among	10
ipc precaution	10
endoscopic endonasal	10
aerosols generated	10
previous outbreaks	10
medical condition	10
better understanding	10
hazardous communicable	10
global community	10
policy makers	10
hcw symptomatic	10
patients must	10
pseudomonas cepacia	10
contact lenses	10
avoid unnecessary	10
resistant organisms	10
plastic bag	10
european countries	10
equipment use	10
care resources	10
limited supply	10
lower respiratory	10
nasal oxygen	10
contact isolation	10
several days	10
adequate personal	10
clinical area	10
risk associated	10
disposable gloves	10
will remain	10
sterilization processes	10
environmental controls	10
high covid	10
ent specialists	10
isolation gown	10
previous experience	10
particularly relevant	10
health officer	10
studies examined	10
doffing sequence	10
infections transmitted	10
risk environments	10
faculty member	10
air quality	10
ppe reuse	10
surgery will	10
asked questions	10
regression models	10
evd patient	10
high efficiency	10
preoperative testing	10
time constraints	10
survey responses	10
pcr results	10
waste bag	10
beginning march	10
protection factor	10
carbon dioxide	10
control program	10
survey questions	10
surgical procedure	10
ventilation system	10
odds ratio	10
preserve ppe	10
funeral home	10
common areas	10
surface disinfection	10
positive air	10
long periods	10
pandemic continues	10
pressure sores	10
medical intensive	10
pulmonary disease	10
ppe utilization	10
endangering health	10
ensure adequate	10
urgent dental	10
princess cruise	10
hygiene compliance	10
new covid	10
guidance document	10
google forms	10
first weeks	10
categorical variables	10
hospital personnel	10
british society	10
mers patients	10
accepted article	10
fit tested	10
people will	10
personal equipment	10
outpatient settings	10
published literature	10
aspergillus spp	10
respondents worked	10
hospital workers	10
limited ppe	10
air exchanges	10
moist heat	10
burn unit	10
also possible	10
effective use	9
laboratory studies	9
wear surgical	9
ongoing pandemic	9
advisory group	9
different categories	9
air currents	9
asymptomatic mers	9
see appendix	9
precaution recommendations	9
among dental	9
pandemic phase	9
water swallow	9
peroxide vapour	9
also known	9
protective suits	9
healthcare workforce	9
week period	9
daily practice	9
virus aerosolization	9
experimental studies	9
natural history	9
attack rate	9
pandemic may	9
increased use	9
two hospitals	9
quality patient	9
risk area	9
provide guidance	9
following criteria	9
air sampling	9
nurses working	9
linear regression	9
cardiovascular care	9
patients require	9
clean areas	9
medical facilities	9
also found	9
palliative care	9
stem cell	9
regional anaesthesia	9
among staff	9
section will	9
line health	9
droplet exposure	9
increasing number	9
disease spread	9
using protective	9
yp yp	9
expert opinion	9
american heart	9
surviving sepsis	9
viable option	9
staff training	9
pressure icu	9
bone marrow	9
mg ml	9
days following	9
hours per	9
large droplets	9
isolation wards	9
tract infections	9
skin injury	9
reusable equipment	9
integral part	9
dental services	9
protect patients	9
aerosolized viral	9
risk patient	9
public services	9
skin care	9
high rate	9
influenza viruses	9
large numbers	9
nasal bridge	9
crisis capacity	9
high volume	9
preventing nosocomial	9
aerosol particles	9
seven days	9
hazardous substances	9
american dental	9
ill adults	9
age group	9
pulmonary embolism	9
joint mission	9
inanimate surfaces	9
national emergency	9
hydroalcoholic solution	9
least two	9
resistant tuberculosis	9
also provided	9
blood products	9
indoor air	9
medical examiner	9
clinical symptoms	9
prolonged exposure	9
every step	9
med doi	9
current status	9
aneurysmal subarachnoid	9
examination room	9
patient populations	9
laboratory testing	9
virus particles	9
international travel	9
professional societies	9
waste generated	9
point scale	9
remain viable	9
will reduce	9
staff numbers	9
disinfection process	9
another important	9
study found	9
different clinical	9
every patient	9
heart association	9
will vary	9
hospitals interviewed	9
hospital beds	9
continuing education	9
health doi	9
zimmerman curtis	9
ppe per	9
household members	9
respiratory aerosols	9
patient selection	9
practices among	9
viral filters	9
spine surgery	9
smallpox vaccination	9
research studies	9
respondents felt	9
anxiety symptoms	9
hour shift	9
sampling frame	9
one case	9
aerosols produced	9
simulation study	9
better understand	9
pcr test	9
democratic republic	9
medical director	9
hospital rooms	9
conducted using	9
electronic health	9
pressure environment	9
future research	9
safety concerns	9
base surgery	9
hospital wards	9
high prevalence	9
department staff	9
broad range	9
swallow test	9
eu countries	9
receive training	9
final manuscript	9
see http	9
use masks	9
infect control	9
resistant enterococcus	9
postexposure prophylaxis	9
case scenario	9
routine clinical	9
providers must	9
medical treatment	9
including use	9
classroom training	9
preventing highly	9
mask wear	9
epidemiologic studies	9
well described	9
disposable face	9
based recommendations	9
allowed us	9
mask fit	9
yellow fever	9
oxygen delivery	9
hot water	9
health preparedness	9
exhaled air	9
prevent infection	9
personal hygiene	9
multiple times	9
respiratory therapists	9
less frequently	9
among chinese	9
inflammatory syndrome	9
respirators may	9
cdc guidance	9
risk level	9
temperature check	9
health screening	9
septic shock	9
decontamination protocol	9
patient covid	9
veterinary practices	9
first time	9
high case	9
will take	9
health information	9
protection program	9
basic reproduction	9
cognitive biases	9
text review	9
cloth mask	9
institutional policies	9
many institutions	9
airway compromise	9
room preparation	9
buddy system	9
syndrome outbreak	9
pulmonary tuberculosis	9
timely manner	9
adult inpatients	9
control room	9
care centers	9
isopropyl alcohol	9
equipment shortage	9
head covering	9
inhalable aerosols	9
medical face	9
nebraska medical	9
medical gloves	9
limited supplies	9
generally recommended	9
community spread	9
initial search	9
emergency cases	9
based survey	9
current cdc	9
clinical effectiveness	9
ventilated patients	9
patients affected	9
confirmed ebola	9
typically used	9
among dentists	9
air supply	9
factors may	9
north american	9
opening remarks	9
original draft	9
waiting area	9
survey showed	9
viral filter	9
protective personal	9
fluid resistant	9
consensus recommendations	9
simulation exercises	9
control guidance	9
rapid dissemination	9
early transmission	9
adverse outcomes	9
normal hearing	9
surgical workforce	9
relatively high	9
hopkins university	9
tested negative	9
sepsis campaign	9
high consequence	9
additional protection	9
high probability	9
downstream penetration	9
preventing influenza	9
must remain	9
care will	9
via respiratory	9
urgent need	9
precautions may	9
must consider	9
narrative inflation	9
data available	9
respiratory droplet	9
training methods	9
consequence infectious	9
studies conducted	9
chronic medical	9
per shift	9
respondents indicated	9
essential workers	9
important part	9
mponce covid	9
current knowledge	9
ear loops	9
scientific community	9
airway manipulation	9
survey respondents	9
brain trauma	9
many health	9
taking care	9
transplant recipients	9
clinical guidelines	9
treatment facilities	9
trained observer	9
communicable disease	9
hair covers	9
clean area	9
occupational hazard	9
takes place	9
health security	9
negative patients	9
three weeks	9
reproduction number	9
prolonged use	8
pulsed light	8
us hospitals	8
hot zone	8
care sector	8
ethylene oxide	8
approximately one	8
one third	8
necessary equipment	8
worker protection	8
orthopaedic patients	8
resistant gowns	8
measures among	8
healthcare institutions	8
triage area	8
contact droplet	8
low among	8
ipc measures	8
seasonal influenza	8
pure tone	8
vary widely	8
endoscopy centre	8
emergent procedures	8
infectious risk	8
clinical skills	8
medical officer	8
survey date	8
one way	8
care society	8
full text	8
safe tracheostomy	8
contaminated patients	8
quaternary ammonium	8
bleach solution	8
will generate	8
cardiovascular disease	8
common cold	8
infection associated	8
separate room	8
ecmo programs	8
wherever possible	8
fluoride toothpaste	8
rubber boots	8
avoid touching	8
washing hands	8
skin type	8
normal breathing	8
foreseeable future	8
living facilities	8
additional information	8
programs reported	8
multiple locations	8
many studies	8
items used	8
human remains	8
procedure room	8
control practice	8
genomics data	8
foreign body	8
new zealand	8
control professionals	8
san francisco	8
environmental conditions	8
increased infection	8
people around	8
patients covid	8
aerosol spread	8
aeromedical evacuation	8
severe pneumonia	8
hcw infections	8
family cluster	8
elective operating	8
associated diarrhea	8
studies suggest	8
practice setting	8
hup leaders	8
hospital healthcare	8
without compromising	8
icu care	8
hepa filters	8
healthcare organizations	8
shoe coverings	8
decontamination process	8
respirators must	8
research areas	8
rapid increase	8
syndrome cases	8
disease risk	8
iv cannulation	8
reported compliance	8
ppe stock	8
pain management	8
current recommendations	8
potential impact	8
will describe	8
exhaust air	8
disposable gowns	8
published reports	8
air filtration	8
wear appropriate	8
social work	8
spreading infection	8
international health	8
sah patients	8
healthcare environment	8
disease patients	8
will include	8
surgical helmets	8
physical examination	8
nosocomial pathogens	8
ambulatory surgery	8
two groups	8
management plan	8
hospitals described	8
disease caused	8
wear gloves	8
case load	8
safe injection	8
become infected	8
studies show	8
care testing	8
neurosurgical team	8
seal check	8
infected individual	8
practice changes	8
trainers described	8
droplet contact	8
foundational articles	8
peracetic acid	8
special attention	8
visibly soiled	8
basic principles	8
differences among	8
level ppe	8
sequence induction	8
pediatric cases	8
will depend	8
developing country	8
clinical evaluation	8
measures include	8
polish dentists	8
pathogens transmitted	8
using simulation	8
care needs	8
hepa filtration	8
use may	8
across different	8
wear face	8
personal risk	8
like covid	8
reducing transmission	8
outpatient clinic	8
borne pathogens	8
two patients	8
real time	8
anaesthetic time	8
key components	8
covid analytics	8
per person	8
prevent spread	8
surgeons working	8
us department	8
care organizations	8
outside work	8
dental pain	8
minimize risk	8
disaster response	8
important factor	8
management plans	8
safety recommendations	8
six feet	8
asymptomatic carrier	8
veterinary medicine	8
depression symptoms	8
pandemic crisis	8
participants reported	8
bloodstream infection	8
response period	8
every time	8
study demonstrated	8
hcws may	8
aerosol penetration	8
widely used	8
dl iv	8
clinical services	8
case management	8
source data	8
febrile respiratory	8
health measures	8
worldwide personal	8
contaminated ppe	8
recommendations include	8
provide evidence	8
sterile gloves	8
including procedures	8
nurse practitioners	8
artificial intelligence	8
ebola patients	8
guidance supplement	8
wearing personal	8
elective surgical	8
endoscopy trainees	8
first step	8
iapd foundational	8
second stage	8
aerosolizing procedure	8
infectious respiratory	8
categorical data	8
endoscopy staff	8
important consideration	8
significant decrease	8
containment measures	8
protected health	8
perceived risk	8
united nations	8
including medical	8
countries across	8
chronic care	8
radiation oncologists	8
avoid contact	8
full barrier	8
vl iv	8
spss version	8
coming months	8
translational research	8
hour period	8
level respirators	8
published data	8
infection surveillance	8
respirable aerosols	8
four times	8
examples include	8
following day	8
additional staff	8
ventilatory support	8
among protected	8
direct laryngoscopy	8
injection practices	8
work without	8
two years	8
without touching	8
three main	8
ppe removal	8
may present	8
medical history	8
ethics review	8
nurse staffing	8
research ethics	8
mg kg	8
per location	8
transport team	8
antibody testing	8
clinical activity	8
transmission within	8
difficulty breathing	8
related symptoms	8
table presents	8
neck surg	8
burn rate	8
screening tests	8
like symptoms	8
work restrictions	8
supplementary file	8
blood transfusion	8
preoperative screening	8
positive results	8
care patients	8
care provision	8
workers caring	8
virus may	8
tb clinic	8
moving forward	8
epithelial cells	8
plastic debris	8
imperial college	8
physical barrier	8
using personal	8
ppe according	8
close physical	8
randomly selected	8
future challenges	8
coronavirus patients	8
risk situations	8
organizational factors	8
support organization	8
transmission events	8
quality care	8
status may	8
mayo clinic	8
vascular surgery	8
reported covid	8
worker safety	8
patient screening	8
help prevent	8
management guidelines	8
central health	8
equipment date	8
authors thank	8
skin lesions	8
local community	8
faculty members	8
hcws caring	8
surgical volume	8
intravenous cannulation	8
health belief	8
contracted covid	8
safe airway	8
resource utilization	8
room ventilation	8
safe donning	8
testing protocol	8
also asked	8
moisture exchanger	8
pandemic will	8
cognitive load	8
limited evidence	8
carbon footprint	8
health record	8
long hours	8
low dose	8
epidemiological studies	8
getting infected	8
guidelines recommend	8
multisystem inflammatory	8
time rt	8
gastrointestinal endoscopy	8
sequence intubation	8
single room	8
workers exposed	8
prescribe nsaids	8
acquired covid	8
printed face	8
law enforcement	8
belief model	8
samsung medical	8
nearly every	8
respiratory mask	8
future pandemics	8
ipac measures	8
care homes	8
otolaryngol head	8
bacterial contamination	8
negative air	8
ibm corp	8
fomite transmission	8
room outbreak	8
public hospital	8
dental industry	8
ct imaging	8
sick leave	8
university medical	8
including personal	8
middle ear	8
use plastic	8
based information	8
double packed	8
address covid	8
published studies	8
burn wound	8
doffing techniques	8
use face	8
healthcare practitioners	8
care equipment	8
recommended practices	8
current data	8
environmental impact	8
will return	8
droplets may	8
provide support	8
ppe available	8
disinfection procedures	8
syndrome among	8
key areas	8
recent systematic	8
initial response	8
sick children	8
west bank	8
com mponce	8
standardized protocols	8
doffing practices	8
standard infection	8
protective devices	8
environmentally sound	8
ill patient	8
may prove	8
confirmed infection	8
continuous infusions	7
medicare medicaid	7
unique challenges	7
prevention guidelines	7
cardiology laboratory	7
new disease	7
surface cleaning	7
literature search	7
hospital admission	7
nursing facilities	7
methods section	7
one time	7
reverse transcriptase	7
rna viruses	7
symptoms among	7
simulated patient	7
maker community	7
communication strategies	7
clinically suspected	7
ep laboratory	7
key role	7
triage algorithm	7
first week	7
speed devices	7
regression analysis	7
infusion therapy	7
small particles	7
testing centers	7
aureus infection	7
undergoing surgery	7
regression model	7
special care	7
ten days	7
use disposable	7
protection level	7
patient will	7
disposable masks	7
aesthetic medicine	7
prospective study	7
physical barriers	7
infectious nature	7
hazardous waste	7
emerging viruses	7
fact sheet	7
unprecedented challenges	7
aerosol droplets	7