bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
blood donors	1198
virus infection	893
hcv infection	865
blood transfusion	853
chronic hepatitis	848
hcv rna	826
whole blood	675
red blood	616
immune response	616
blood donation	600
blood components	579
virus replication	560
study design	552
rna replication	537
core protein	535
blood products	532
blood group	512
type i	512
summary conclusions	495
case studies	490
viral replication	487
red cell	486
background case	481
hcv replication	475
infected cells	468
antiviral activity	455
hbv dna	436
viral rna	434
blood bank	431
immune responses	421
breast milk	415
cell culture	412
blood cells	411
hcv ns	406
gene expression	405
viral load	402
flow cytometry	395
amino acid	392
influenza virus	389
design method	387
liver disease	383
results finding	375
health care	372
infected patients	369
viral infections	357
side effects	357
innate immune	354
transfusion medicine	353
significantly higher	350
dendritic cells	341
cell lines	340
hcv core	331
immunodeficiency virus	331
risk factors	328
hepatocellular carcinoma	327
human immunodeficiency	327
infectious diseases	327
blood donor	326
peripheral blood	325
rna viruses	323
viral infection	320
blood cell	319
bone marrow	318
host cell	307
red cells	307
united states	304
nucleic acid	304
mg kg	303
adverse events	300
cd cd	295
virus type	292
time pcr	291
iu ml	280
cell surface	280
significant difference	278
ng ml	278
hiv infection	277
control group	275
viral proteins	271
public health	269
pregnant women	267
cell line	267
dengue virus	265
transplant recipients	263
class i	261
liver transplantation	259
virus entry	258
life cycle	256
abstract type	255
please specify	254
platelet concentrates	253
clinical trials	252
cell responses	251
performed using	247
transfusion reactions	246
virus rna	246
blood samples	244
two groups	242
immune system	242
amino acids	241
present study	238
stem cell	236
hbv infection	234
hcv genotype	231
mg ml	230
mg dl	226
rna polymerase	222
statistically significant	222
mean age	219
west nile	219
chronic hcv	218
blood banks	216
transfusion service	214
herpes simplex	214
hcv entry	211
platelet count	210
cell death	209
respiratory syndrome	208
cd cells	205
specific cd	205
host factors	204
important role	203
copies ml	203
acute respiratory	203
blood supply	203
blood donations	199
drug resistance	198
nile virus	194
cell proliferation	189
blood collection	189
simplex virus	189
blood center	188
blood units	188
room temperature	184
innate immunity	183
endoplasmic reticulum	183
virus ns	182
severe acute	182
quality control	182
years old	181
results suggest	181
may also	179
significant differences	178
university hospital	176
host cells	176
outcome measures	175
rna virus	174
main outcome	173
antiviral therapy	173
cell activation	172
cord uid	171
doc id	171
protein kinase	169
adverse effects	167
heat shock	167
graft survival	167
protein expression	166
first time	165
clinically significant	165
high risk	165
significantly lower	164
monoclonal antibody	163
blood safety	163
patients treated	163
one patient	162
viral genome	161
patients received	161
like receptor	160
infected individuals	160
blood product	159
viral protein	157
intensive care	157
stranded rna	157
pg ml	156
least one	156
stem cells	154
binding site	154
plasma membrane	153
rna synthesis	152
membrane fusion	152
abstract background	152
combination therapy	151
research abstract	151
antiviral agents	151
binding protein	151
data suggest	150
viral hepatitis	149
protease inhibitors	149
previously described	148
i ifn	148
epithelial cells	147
mhc class	146
liver fibrosis	146
growth factor	146
cell types	146
patients receiving	146
structural proteins	145
dependent manner	145
hcv replicon	145
results indicate	144
results findings	144
increased risk	143
mouse model	143
cells expressing	143
monoclonal antibodies	142
infectious disease	142
blood services	141
determine whether	141
strand rna	139
western blot	138
design methods	138
bacterial contamination	137
transfusion services	136
liver cirrhosis	135
patients undergoing	135
virus core	135
antiviral drugs	135
staphylococcus aureus	134
clinical practice	134
specific antibodies	133
rna interference	133
hcv genotypes	132
replication complex	132
blood component	132
chain reaction	132
total number	131
nucleic acids	130
risk factor	130
liver biopsy	129
ex vivo	129
liver transplant	129
viral entry	128
rbc units	128
high levels	127
significantly increased	126
oxidative stress	126
acute rejection	126
expression levels	125
class ii	125
adaptive immune	123
virus infections	123
results show	122
clinical trial	121
reverse transcriptase	121
national blood	121
respiratory syncytial	121
cell cycle	121
huh cells	121
shock protein	120
transgenic mice	120
wild type	120
respiratory tract	120
body weight	120
fever virus	119
long term	119
blood centers	119
polymerase chain	119
antibody screening	119
inhibitory effect	119
transplant patients	118
blood service	118
renal transplant	118
nonstructural protein	118
recent years	117
virus particles	117
dependent rna	116
donor selection	116
high level	116
drug use	116
hcv genome	115
cd expression	115
syncytial virus	115
autologous blood	115
two different	115
results showed	115
antiglobulin test	114
red cross	114
medical center	114
cytokine production	113
blood pressure	113
positive samples	113
significantly reduced	111
two patients	111
well tolerated	111
virus production	111
previous studies	111
mononuclear cells	110
kidney transplant	110
syndrome coronavirus	110
platelet transfusion	109
chronic liver	109
adverse reactions	108
positive results	108
protease inhibitor	108
blood loss	108
ns protease	108
care unit	107
frozen plasma	107
last years	107
signaling pathways	107
i interferon	107
vaccinia virus	107
general population	106
nk cells	105
positive patients	105
molecular mechanisms	105
patients infected	104
hcv activity	103
chronic infection	103
er stress	103
per year	103
descriptive abstract	103
among patients	103
blood groups	103
human papillomavirus	103
rbc transfusion	102
one case	102
significant increase	101
escherichia coli	101
logistic regression	101
statistical analysis	101
transcription factor	101
nonstructural proteins	101
hcv infected	100
hcv patients	100
mammalian cells	100
hcv infections	99
signal transduction	99
previously reported	98
positive cells	98
antiretroviral therapy	98
hiv aids	98
renal function	98
year old	98
nkt cells	98
informed consent	97
barr virus	97
fresh frozen	97
cord blood	97
median age	96
hcv treatment	96
cell entry	96
pegylated interferon	95
liver failure	95
also observed	95
significant reduction	95
factor viii	94
encephalitis virus	94
hepg cells	94
healthy controls	94
days post	94
study period	94
hcv proteins	94
enveloped viruses	94
host immune	93
taken together	93
analysis showed	93
disease progression	93
medication reconciliation	93
nervous system	92
ns protein	92
hepatoma cells	92
prospective study	92
small molecule	92
systematic review	92
mass spectrometry	92
cardiac surgery	92
lipid droplets	92
liver injury	92
per patient	91
rna genome	91
serine protease	91
animal models	91
highly conserved	91
type ii	91
signaling pathway	91
chronic viral	90
virological response	90
age group	90
rna levels	90
solid organ	90
ebola virus	90
cell transplantation	90
novel coronavirus	90
commercially available	90
transfusion practice	89
deficient mice	89
drug users	89
retrospective study	89
acute hepatitis	88
active site	88
world health	88
three times	88
hla class	88
sickle cell	88
three patients	88
blood volume	88
large number	88
japanese encephalitis	87
viral loads	87
inflammatory cytokines	87
protein synthesis	87
surface antigen	87
even though	87
viral particles	87
antiviral effects	87
described previously	87
transfusion reaction	86
organ transplantation	86
like receptors	86
virologic response	86
ml min	86
type iii	86
cfu ml	86
cell response	86
neutralizing antibodies	85
ifn response	85
antibody screen	85
protein levels	85
may lead	85
years ago	85
renal failure	85
general hospital	85
reverse transcription	84
yellow fever	84
significantly different	84
recent studies	84
genome replication	83
immune cells	83
several studies	83
retrospective analysis	83
hematopoietic stem	83
transfusion therapy	83
also found	83
alcohol use	83
western blotting	83
female donors	83
dna polymerase	83
target cells	82
safe blood	82
blood transfusions	82
endothelial cells	82
culture system	82
time donors	82
nitric oxide	82
treated cells	82
serum samples	82
plasma samples	81
cancer cells	81
spectrum antiviral	81
one year	81
hcv particles	81
unfolded protein	81
protein response	81
tlr signaling	81
central nervous	80
liver diseases	80
significantly decreased	80
closely related	80
hcv screening	80
study showed	80
results obtained	80
group system	80
hepatoma cell	80
patients without	80
organ transplant	80
cell transmission	80
regression analysis	80
human cells	80
breast cancer	79
cmv infection	79
antiviral effect	79
kidney transplantation	79
chronically infected	79
cars microscopy	79
lipid metabolism	79
presenting cells	79
monoclonal anti	79
massive transfusion	79
new york	79
cell receptor	79
voluntary blood	79
critical role	79
replication complexes	78
pathogen inactivation	78
false positive	78
results demonstrate	78
clinical studies	78
well plates	78
patient care	78
drug interactions	78
antiviral response	78
transcription factors	78
health organization	78
year period	77
donate blood	77
widely used	77
luciferase activity	77
million people	77
envelope protein	76
data indicate	76
medication adherence	76
real time	76
molecular biology	76
human hepatoma	76
urinary tract	76
cd cell	76
human hepatocytes	76
antigen presentation	76
case report	76
positive control	76
healthy donors	75
patient safety	75
clinically relevant	75
hla antibodies	75
within days	75
ifn production	75
genomic dna	75
within hours	75
mrna expression	75
kg day	75
response rate	75
expressing cells	75
high prevalence	75
phase i	75
recent study	74
blood banking	74
fusion protein	74
patient survival	74
hemolytic transfusion	74
meld score	74
electron microscopy	74
study group	74
antibody identification	74
entry site	74
blot analysis	73
health services	73
expression level	73
genomic rna	73
viral clearance	73
diabetes mellitus	73
chronic hbv	73
buffy coat	73
hiv transmission	72
envelope proteins	72
donated blood	72
donor screening	72
wide range	72
may contribute	72
hcv ires	72
direct antiglobulin	72
autoimmune diseases	71
high frequency	71
lymph nodes	71
hiv hcv	71
graft function	71
transfusion safety	71
subgenomic replicon	71
serum creatinine	71
infectious virus	71
viral life	71
analyzed using	71
vertical transmission	71
internal medicine	71
small interfering	71
capsid protein	71
surface expression	71
tissue culture	71
transfected cells	71
results indicated	71
blood mononuclear	70
factors associated	70
higher risk	70
well known	70
may occur	70
mental health	70
cellular proteins	70
crystal structure	69
serum hbv	69
pathogen reduction	69
serum levels	69
cirrhotic patients	69
cohort study	69
dna levels	69
response rates	69
human cytomegalovirus	69
predictive value	69
ns helicase	69
acting antiviral	69
binding sites	69
clinical pharmacist	68
lncbst bispr	68
mitochondrial dynamics	68
hepatic fibrosis	68
internal ribosome	68
rhd gene	68
dna viruses	68
gene therapy	68
antibiotic therapy	68
viral dna	68
infectious hcv	68
inkt cells	68
rna helicase	68
plus ribavirin	68
graft loss	68
growth factors	68
pilot study	67
commonly used	67
ribosome entry	67
cell membrane	67
iron deficiency	67
serum alt	67
five patients	67
critically ill	67
adaptive immunity	67
window period	67
alt levels	67
family members	67
antigen expression	67
time points	67
healthy volunteers	67
disease virus	66
host proteins	66
molecular weight	66
membrane vesicles	66
measured using	66
flow cytometric	66
human cd	66
liver tissue	66
significant decrease	66
low levels	66
background aims	66
first months	66
cell count	65
platelet counts	65
cells infected	65
may provide	65
reading frame	65
bacterial infections	65
four patients	65
antibody response	65
clinical features	65
disease control	65
adult patients	65
antiviral activities	65
serious adverse	65
treatment response	65
renal transplantation	65
resistance mutations	65
antiviral drug	65
chronic rejection	64
viral diseases	64
confirmed cases	64
also showed	64
statistical significance	64
platelet products	64
zika virus	64
regulatory factor	64
sustained virological	64
positively selected	64
log copies	64
hsp inhibitors	64
interferon alpha	64
transfused patients	64
first step	64
three different	64
key role	64
terminal domain	64
multivariate analysis	64
infectious agents	63
per day	63
vesicular stomatitis	63
increased expression	63
generation sequencing	63
chemokine receptor	63
fold increase	63
fatty liver	63
dendritic cell	63
per unit	63
stimulated genes	63
inflammatory response	63
additive solution	63
see table	63
significantly associated	63
authors declare	63
virus detection	62
infectious hepatitis	62
antigen presenting	62
influenza viruses	62
standard deviation	62
virus genotype	62
mg day	62
virus genome	62
month period	62
virus nonstructural	62
clinical pharmacy	62
treated patients	62
immunocompromised patients	62
virus assembly	62
human milk	62
i ifns	62
severe disease	61
buffy coats	61
ferritin levels	61
hepatitis virus	61
positive donors	61
natural killer	61
stomatitis virus	61
donor blood	61
like particles	61
insulin resistance	61
findings suggest	61
translation initiation	61
complement activation	61
i ii	61
tract infection	61
infected mice	61
indirect antiglobulin	61
may play	61
primary human	61
bact alert	61
th cells	61
mortality rate	61
th day	61
liver function	61
health problem	61
higher levels	61
structural protein	61
expressed breast	61
rhce ce	61
single nucleotide	60
pcr assay	60
total rna	60
abo blood	60
tumor cells	60
lf cases	60
quality assurance	60
injection drug	60
deficient cells	60
drug discovery	60
clinical use	60
cell disease	60
controlled trial	60
major cause	60
phase ii	60
acting antivirals	60
quantitative real	60
months post	60
negative control	59
healthy individuals	59
liver biopsies	59
reference laboratory	59
transfusion transmitted	59
studies showed	59
ion channel	59
male donors	59
clinical significance	59
clinical data	59
patients showed	59
abstract withdrawn	59
also known	59
rna pol	58
two cases	58
six months	58
human liver	58
open reading	58
transmitted infections	58
replication cycle	58
protein interactions	58
envelope glycoproteins	58
high throughput	58
high dose	58
storage time	58
test results	58
preliminary results	58
sars coronavirus	58
plasma units	58
analysis revealed	58
hemorrhagic fever	58
apheresis platelets	58
control cells	58
lipid rafts	58
ns proteins	58
survival rates	58
cd foxp	58
tract infections	57
survival rate	57
binding proteins	57
culture media	57
may result	57
mast cells	57
i molecules	57
elderly patients	57
study shows	57
data collection	57
cell lysates	57
highly sensitive	57
necrosis factor	57
negative blood	57
allograft rejection	57
premature infants	57
may cause	57
virus life	57
ifn therapy	57
drug development	57
tested positive	57
much higher	57
cell differentiation	57
using two	57
blood type	57
immune evasion	56
liver cancer	56
platelets stored	56
cell cultures	56
regional blood	56
coding region	56
blood management	56
positive selection	56
specific immune	56
column agglutination	56
two years	56
will also	56
young children	56
plasmacytoid dendritic	56
hb level	56
naturally occurring	56
healthy subjects	55
primary care	55
ko mice	55
animal model	55
cell subsets	55
broad spectrum	55
clinical outcome	55
six patients	55
quality management	55
scavenger receptor	55
hospital transfusion	55
small number	55
united kingdom	55
hcv viral	55
hours post	55
antiviral treatment	55
lg ml	55
chb patients	55
inhibit hcv	55
confirmed lf	54
determined using	54
reporter gene	54
scansystem tm	54
units per	54
inhibitory effects	54
information system	54
gene silencing	54
coding sequence	54
hemolytic anemia	54
hospitalized patients	54
cells treated	54
streptococcus pneumoniae	54
bacterial infection	54
ns activated	54
host factor	54
repeat donors	54
similar results	54
interfering rna	54
positive result	54
may represent	54
specific primers	54
effective treatment	54
nk cell	54
suspected cases	54
inclusion criteria	53
activated protein	53
white blood	53
current study	53
blood sample	53
ml kg	53
rare blood	53
one month	53
detection limit	53
hcv hiv	53
mediated rejection	53
nucleocapsid protein	53
donor age	53
untranslated region	53
sequence analysis	53
avian influenza	53
luciferase reporter	53
national health	53
cell viability	53
medical records	53
plasma exchange	53
platelet transfusions	53
therapeutic potential	53
blood centre	53
two weeks	52
hiv positive	52
clinical symptoms	52
positive dat	52
allogeneic blood	52
may help	52
highly effective	52
specific antibody	52
bl mice	52
conformational changes	52
abo rh	52
er membrane	52
trauma patients	52
study aimed	52
patient blood	52
observational study	52
european countries	52
inject drugs	52
blood cultures	52
fully automated	51
negative patients	51
screening test	51
trima accel	51
mrna levels	51
inhibitory activity	51
hcv protein	51
body mass	51
cell concentrates	51
also tested	51
blood screening	51
clinical outcomes	51
previous study	51
cervical cancer	51
donor population	51
interferon regulatory	51
hemolytic disease	51
membranous web	51
age years	50
liver cells	50
donor samples	50
hcv antibody	50
apoptotic cells	50
low level	50
hubei province	50
vg vd	50
ill patients	50
flaviviridae family	50
packed red	50
pi kiii	50
high incidence	50
group antigens	50
rna binding	50
significant effect	50
cancer patients	50
fetal dna	50
treated rbcs	50
blood system	50
adaptor protein	50
channel activity	50
culture systems	50
blood flow	50
plt count	50
sustained virologic	50
pneumoniae isolates	50
lupus erythematosus	50
acid residues	50
hiv co	50
tumor necrosis	50
pcr amplification	49
viral response	49
birth weight	49
currently available	49
medical record	49
virus envelope	49
density lipoprotein	49
included patients	49
mediated translation	49
bacterial pneumonia	49
replicon cells	49
low hb	49
natural history	49
acid sequence	49
protective effect	49
eight patients	49
cell units	49
cell populations	49
cardiovascular disease	49
serum albumin	49
supplementary material	49
apheresis platelet	49
molecular methods	49
three months	49
entry factors	49
data show	49
dna level	49
bovine serum	49
storage period	49
cells transfected	49
viral genomes	49
terminal region	49
age groups	49
hcv polymerase	49
lung injury	49
emergency department	49
infection control	49
hbeag negative	48
quantitative pcr	48
zoster virus	48
innate antiviral	48
portal hypertension	48
disease severity	48
ifn signaling	48
human coronavirus	48
systemic lupus	48
reactive oxygen	48
investigated whether	48
one week	48
hcv life	48
blood establishments	48
membrane protein	48
final concentration	48
also used	48
cell transfusion	48
time period	48
cell epitopes	48
i production	48
high affinity	48
crucial role	48
platelet units	48
recognition receptors	48
different types	47
adverse event	47
clinical isolates	47
also performed	47
tested using	47
gel test	47
klebsiella pneumoniae	47
hcc patients	47
also reported	47
type diabetes	47
interferon signaling	47
evaluated using	47
treatment options	47
peginterferon alfa	47
based assays	47
high sensitivity	47
data analysis	47
alanine aminotransferase	47
treatment failure	47
rhd negative	47
gel electrophoresis	47
developing countries	47
mitochondrial fission	47
post transfusion	47
data collected	47
one hundred	47
rbc transfusions	47
allograft survival	47
substance use	47
medical university	47
phylogenetic analysis	47
infection may	47
early stage	47
molecular basis	46
hcv subgenomic	46
mass index	46
viral rnas	46
among blood	46
remains unclear	46
mortality rates	46
bacterial growth	46
patient population	46
center background	46
ms ms	46
persistent infection	46
cd molecules	46
cellular factors	46
effector cells	46
single donor	46
complement system	46
platelet function	46
positive donations	46
confidence interval	46
recently reported	46
young people	46
analysis using	46
health status	46
essential role	46
fusion proteins	46
treated mice	46
interfering rnas	46
three groups	46
nuclear translocation	46
significant antibodies	46
rhd genotyping	46
middle east	46
antibody responses	46
arachidonic acid	45
infection among	45
capsid proteins	45
human hepatitis	45
bile duct	45
serum ferritin	45
nuclear import	45
cell development	45
target dna	45
hiv replication	45
lamp assay	45
antiviral therapies	45
antiviral compounds	45
helicase activity	45
randomized controlled	45
assessed using	45
cell counts	45
therapeutic plasma	45
patients suffering	45
potent anti	45
rna aptamers	45
oxygen species	45
host interactions	45
nucleoside analogues	45
will provide	45
antiviral responses	45
vitro studies	45
reperfusion injury	45
multiple sclerosis	45
lassa fever	44
relatively high	44
primary infection	44
general practitioners	44
times higher	44
platelet storage	44
hcv therapy	44
platelet antigens	44
high titer	44
leading cause	44
hbc positive	44
ec values	44
iron stores	44
stellate cells	44
hcv positive	44
old female	44
rna molecules	44
hcv antibodies	44
new antiviral	44
day post	44
terumo bct	44
low risk	44
will help	44
platelet pools	44
clinical samples	44
independent experiments	44
blood grouping	44
solid phase	44
treatment duration	44
core antigen	44
induced apoptosis	44
cell growth	44
study also	44
hospital stay	44
many viruses	44
antiviral signaling	44
atpase activity	44
cell function	43
pediatric patients	43
shock proteins	43
using anti	43
cells may	43
particle production	43
patient received	43
hbv replication	43
poorly understood	43
rna helicases	43
binding domain	43
graft failure	43
confocal microscopy	43
study included	43
routine use	43
liver damage	43
adoptive transfer	43
management system	43
rich plasma	43
iron depletion	43
subcellular localization	43
resistant staphylococcus	43
plasma levels	43
harm reduction	43
genetic diversity	43
fluorescence microscopy	43
human plasma	43
common cause	43
iron supplementation	43
antiviral agent	43
positive antibody	43
hcv envelope	42
first year	42
clinical development	42
myocardial infarction	42
russian federation	42
cell population	42
sars cov	42
cells using	42
time blood	42
stress response	42
complex formation	42
significant changes	42
laboratory tests	42
clinical study	42
cells via	42
activated mazf	42
viral pathogenesis	42
older adults	42
hb levels	42
may affect	42
hong kong	42
future studies	42
swine fever	42
alcohol consumption	42
medical staff	42
laboratory testing	42
escape mutants	42
smooth muscle	42
nucleotide sequence	42
three years	42
antibody tests	42
interferon alfa	42
sectional study	42
resistant strains	42
investigate whether	42
resistant mutants	42
table shows	42
inhibits hepatitis	42
care units	42
important cause	41
cmv disease	41
based assay	41
producing cells	41
highly active	41
linear regression	41
isg expression	41
teaching hospital	41
old male	41
heart failure	41
platelet concentrate	41
effector functions	41
rna positive	41
platelet yield	41
mycophenolate mofetil	41
ribavirin therapy	41
fatty acid	41
protease activity	41
induction therapy	41
chronic disease	41
cell clones	41
transfusion center	41
small molecules	41
potent antiviral	41
twice daily	41
measles virus	41
two major	41
inhibited hcv	41
endemic areas	41
hbeag positive	41
reticulum stress	41
related problems	41
stage liver	41
hbeag seroconversion	41
pattern recognition	41
donor recruitment	41
cellular immune	41
past years	41
african american	41
seven patients	41
human origin	41
human serum	40
antibiotic resistance	40
clinical pharmacists	40
cell survival	40
soft tissue	40
inhibits hcv	40
two distinct	40
aged years	40
raman scattering	40
receptor complex	40
virus cell	40
alloimmune thrombocytopenia	40
upper respiratory	40
proinflammatory cytokines	40
cellular processes	40
quality system	40
high quality	40
direct contact	40
control mice	40
cell antigens	40
mycobacterium tuberculosis	40
via breast	40
post transplant	40
single dose	40
clinical characteristics	40
host disease	40
previously shown	40
selected sites	40
mean value	40
different cell	40
core expression	40
viral envelope	40
vitro selection	40
least two	40
increased significantly	40
infected cell	40
chikungunya virus	40
medical care	40
clinical signs	40
related complications	40
pharmaceutical care	40
high rate	39
puerto rico	39
microarray analysis	39
infectious particles	39
different stages	39
genes involved	39
type mice	39
viral particle	39
protein translation	39
negative bacteria	39
significant correlation	39
high viral	39
renal allograft	39
odds ratio	39
patients may	39
positive rate	39
target cell	39
particle assembly	39
cells showed	39
acute hcv	39
nuclear localization	39
oral administration	39
cucs nanocomposite	39
igg antibodies	39
per month	39
probably due	39
free survival	39
sanger sequencing	39
biological activity	39
hcv cell	39
anti hpa	39
negative controls	39
virus proteins	39
denv infection	39
human herpesvirus	39
drug therapy	39
clinical manifestations	39
transfusion practices	39
core gene	39
assay using	39
cleavage sites	39
inflammatory cytokine	39
viral capsid	39
allergic reactions	39
heterogeneous nuclear	39
transfusion related	39
two days	39
poster sessions	39
living donor	39
acute lung	39
tyrosine kinase	39
average age	39
chv ns	38
reported cases	38
body fluids	38
expressing ewi	38
clinical course	38
risk patients	38
analysed using	38
goat anti	38
platelet quality	38
czech republic	38
clinical relevance	38
increasing number	38
fluorescence intensity	38
tlr agonists	38
antibody titers	38
patients underwent	38
developed countries	38
control samples	38
five years	38
pregnant woman	38
done using	38
influenza infection	38
better understanding	38
envelope glycoprotein	38
host response	38
first report	38
well documented	38
care system	38
subgenomic replicons	38
detected using	38
tumor cell	38
common cold	38
pivotal role	38
global health	38
clinical response	38
renal disease	38
showed significant	38
length hcv	38
studies suggest	38
plus strand	38
retrospective review	38
waiting list	38
human genome	38
next generation	38
transfusion associated	38
hospital blood	38
weight loss	38
treg cells	38
may explain	38
randomly selected	38
applied biosystems	38
potential role	38
another study	38
fatty acids	38
major role	38
host innate	38
medical history	38
hepatic failure	37
neonatal alloimmune	37
cell separator	37
samples collected	37
lower respiratory	37
secondary structure	37
potential risk	37
significant improvement	37
virus hepatitis	37
hcv transmission	37
control study	37
negative results	37
wnv infection	37
close contact	37
median time	37
cobe spectra	37
interferon lambda	37
haemolytic disease	37
mainland china	37
nuclear factor	37
year survival	37
platelet concentration	37
university school	37
evidence suggests	37
transfusion recipients	37
higher prevalence	37
child transmission	37
respiratory viruses	37
gamma globulin	37
severe thrombocytopenia	37
polymerase inhibitors	37
university medical	37
inflammatory responses	37
causative agent	37
ethnic groups	37
broad range	37
patients included	37
firefly luciferase	37
cytomegalovirus infection	37
replicon rna	37
high degree	37
studies show	37
acute viral	37
acid sequences	37
total bilirubin	37
relatively low	37
allowed us	37
coagulation factors	37
study demonstrates	37
advisory committee	37
drug resistant	37
therapeutic target	37
patient samples	37
lower levels	37
plasma cells	37
molecule inhibitors	37
enzyme immunoassay	37
mean number	37
recombinant human	37
compatible blood	37
bacterial screening	37
adverse reaction	37
enzyme treated	37
dna replication	37
immune complexes	37
national institute	37
replicon system	37
health professionals	37
viral inactivation	36
cell type	36
ifn treatment	36
virus release	36
tm platelet	36
lt recipients	36
mice showed	36
drug design	36
lipid droplet	36
knockout mice	36
therapeutic agents	36
one study	36
corrective actions	36
ns serine	36
donating blood	36
oral bioavailability	36
american red	36
mutation rate	36
residual risk	36
inflammatory diseases	36
selection criteria	36
acid testing	36
enzymatic activity	36
using flow	36
information security	36
immunosorbent assay	36
acute infection	36
receptor expression	36
potential therapeutic	36
cov helicase	36
data demonstrate	36
transmission via	36
incubation period	36
three days	36
associated protein	36
sexually transmitted	36
apheresis procedures	36
sense rna	36
group systems	36
patients aged	36
tertiary care	36
significantly correlated	36
virus genotypes	36
positive blood	36
fibrosis stage	36
oxide synthase	36
health insurance	36
many patients	36
facs analysis	36
hiv rna	36
kidney disease	36
host protein	36
hcv protease	36
resistant virus	36
gold standard	36
platelet kit	36
membrane alterations	36
alpha interferon	36
per well	36
kindly provided	36
among others	36
mice treated	36
related mortality	35
daa treatment	35
two independent	35
breastfed infants	35
hcv clearance	35
care providers	35
acute phase	35
rhd positive	35
i interferons	35
data obtained	35
respiratory disease	35
well established	35
mouth disease	35
i responses	35
genotype patients	35
amantadine sulphate	35
immunosuppressive therapy	35
months later	35
polypyrimidine tract	35
take place	35
new insights	35
blood culture	35
proteins involved	35
entry inhibitors	35
rna silencing	35
bacterial detection	35
liver graft	35
drug administration	35
hepatic stellate	35
human peripheral	35
cd ko	35
extremely rare	35
may serve	35
interferon response	35
nine patients	35
clinical setting	35
recent data	35
culture medium	35
donor base	35
treatment regimens	35
ifnl snps	35
treated animals	35
genotype infection	35
donor cells	35
mean hb	35
antiviral immunity	35
clinical impact	35
nuclear ribonucleoprotein	35
risk reduction	35
high rates	35
urgent need	35
results demonstrated	35
pam cys	35
different hcv	35
polymerase activity	35
virion assembly	35
screening tests	35
hcv co	35
susceptibility testing	35
throughput screening	34
health service	34
genetic barrier	34
culture models	34
adefovir dipivoxil	34
community pharmacy	34
antiviral efficacy	34
physical examination	34
wt mice	34
first line	34
alkaline phosphatase	34
therapeutic strategies	34
adverse drug	34
mean platelet	34
lymph node	34
increasing concentrations	34
central role	34
weeks later	34
nucleoside analogs	34
new donors	34
ciency virus	34
hiv viral	34
human blood	34
drug related	34
sindbis virus	34
mechanisms underlying	34
transmembrane domain	34
interstitial pneumonitis	34
early detection	34
drug delivery	34
different blood	34
using different	34
significantly less	34
plasma fractionation	34
virus dna	34
mouse hepatitis	34
health promotion	34
cultured cells	34
cleavage site	34
stimulated gene	34
days later	34
fluorescent protein	34
pseudomonas aeruginosa	34
protective immunity	34
neonatal intensive	34
group i	34
significantly improved	34
respiratory distress	34
mop aads	34
herpes virus	34
science foundation	34
significant association	34
viral disease	34
also shown	34
dna virus	34
pneumocystis jirovecii	34
forming units	34
normal range	34
vitro activity	34
ischemia reperfusion	34
standard operating	34
hcv helicase	34
cells per	34
also evaluated	34
viral persistence	34
hepatitis delta	34
cerebrospinal fluid	34
antibody detection	34
antibodies directed	34
clinical efficacy	34
genome sequence	34
vitro quality	34
protein ns	34
serological testing	34
findings indicate	34
receptor binding	34
fungal infections	34
viral pathogens	34
medical treatment	33
human pathogens	33
confirmed positive	33
acute liver	33
well understood	33
molecular mechanism	33
overall survival	33
normal rhd	33
scd patients	33
steady state	33
influenza vaccine	33
large numbers	33
heart disease	33
severe sepsis	33
may reflect	33
reagent lots	33
african americans	33
rna translation	33
mouse models	33
decompensated cirrhosis	33
folic acid	33
three independent	33
antiviral properties	33
pcr products	33
three cases	33
electronic medical	33
newly synthesized	33
last year	33
specific inhibitors	33
hepatitis viruses	33
cells well	33
chronic allograft	33
research institute	33
last decade	33
low dose	33
negative strand	33
dependent translation	33
specific anti	33
injecting drug	33
increased susceptibility	33
serum hcv	33
patients compared	33
also determined	33
mm tris	33
preliminary data	33
samples obtained	33
negative suspected	33
membrane structures	33
units transfused	33
sample size	33
luciferase assay	33
semliki forest	33
virus transmission	33
diarrhea virus	33
two types	33
wide variety	33
adoptively transferred	33
medicinal chemistry	33
highly variable	33
drug sharing	33
among people	33
low ph	33
mast cell	33
renilla luciferase	33
acid substitutions	33
study suggests	33
old woman	33
bovine viral	33
risk groups	33
htlv i	32
shelf life	32
entry factor	32
membrane proteins	32
protein interaction	32
drug targets	32
cross blood	32
coinfected patients	32
antiviral research	32
multidisciplinary team	32
will discuss	32
antibody mediated	32
hydrogen bond	32
tested negative	32
reporter system	32
immunode fi	32
lung transplantation	32
south africa	32
mouse monoclonal	32
ccr expression	32
better understand	32
stranded dna	32
uncleavable mazf	32
analytical sensitivity	32
multiple myeloma	32
short period	32
lt patients	32
igm antibodies	32
disease prevention	32
gestational age	32
antimicrobial therapy	32
risk assessment	32
time point	32
ml per	32
working group	32
likely due	32
patients developed	32
will allow	32
mitochondrial membrane	32
samples tested	32
initiation factor	32
studies using	32
forest virus	32
resistance gene	32
randomized trial	32
inflammatory bowel	32
regular blood	32
two samples	32
promoter activity	32
also demonstrated	32
apoptotic cell	32
first days	32
infected hepatocytes	32
hcv replicons	32
platelet refractoriness	32
viral infectivity	32
also significantly	32
active antiretroviral	32
pcr assays	32
bacterial meningitis	32
fi ciency	32
patient groups	32
molecular testing	32
obtained using	32
polyclonal anti	32
hpa antibodies	32
related acute	31
host defense	31
assay system	31
respiratory illness	31
dna positive	31
several years	31
patients experienced	31
cell therapy	31
drug treatment	31
also analyzed	31
new class	31
presentation will	31
low frequency	31
also associated	31
deferred donors	31
cbvct services	31
lymphocytic choriomeningitis	31
tlr agonist	31
relative risk	31
hiv disease	31
liver inflammation	31
orthotopic liver	31
blood collected	31
iii ifns	31
long time	31
average number	31
nucleotide polymorphisms	31
also included	31
antibiotic treatment	31
receptor class	31
detection methods	31
increased levels	31
patients using	31
abdominal pain	31
one hour	31
leukemia virus	31
examine whether	31
many cases	31
study will	31
stress proteins	31
interferon therapy	31
actin cytoskeleton	31
nkt cell	31
mediated cleavage	31
hpv infection	31
decreased significantly	31
pcr analysis	31
replicase complex	31
much lower	31
nursing home	31
septic shock	31
controlled trials	31
cold storage	31
one unit	31
mg daily	31
inducible nitric	31
cell signaling	31
significant role	31
different viruses	31
cell leukemia	31
group ii	31
screening assays	31
consecutive patients	31
acute renal	31
ethyl acetate	31
limited number	31
among hiv	31
within months	31
also examined	31
genetic material	31
term follow	31
infected subjects	31
dna sequencing	31
blood bags	31
differentially expressed	31
provide evidence	31
ntat aneo	31
virus strains	31
dna samples	31
infection hepatitis	31
serologic testing	31
tube method	31
resistant viruses	31
therapeutic effect	31
new therapeutic	31
protein level	31
negative individuals	31
cd count	30
mechanisms involved	30
sinusoidal endothelial	30
clinical applications	30
many countries	30
may act	30
control groups	30
viral gene	30
agglutination technology	30
patients admitted	30
signaling protein	30
also increased	30
negative regulator	30
surgical procedures	30
significantly elevated	30
currently used	30
per week	30
different mechanisms	30
alcohol intake	30
cellular rejection	30
detection system	30
stat signaling	30
repeat blood	30
new blood	30
study conducted	30
case study	30
healthcare professionals	30
serologic tests	30
graft rejection	30
clinical status	30
reagent red	30
beneficial effect	30
deleterious effects	30
male patients	30
among different	30
chronic inflammatory	30
rna polymerases	30
replacement therapy	30
donor center	30
cells ml	30
safety profile	30
gold nanoparticles	30
therapeutic targets	30
inventory management	30
viral diarrhea	30
viral polymerase	30
information regarding	30
independent risk	30
protein degradation	30
platelet components	30
serial dilutions	30
antibody positive	30
phase iii	30
different time	30
may induce	30
ebv infection	30
th cytokines	30
agar dilution	30
fold higher	30
hcv prevalence	30
infected persons	30
statistical difference	30
term survival	30
acid amplification	30
ic values	30
also detected	30
transfusion protocol	30
recent advances	30
different countries	30
higher rates	30
patient identification	30
hematopoietic cells	30
combination treatment	30
fusion peptide	30
cell migration	30
vaccine development	30
antiviral strategies	30
life technologies	30
direct acting	30
regular donors	29
viral ns	29
flow cytometer	29
dna load	29
competing interests	29
total protein	29
large amounts	29
based therapy	29
vast majority	29
hcv nonstructural	29
viral proteases	29
fda approved	29
transfusion vol	29
potent inhibitor	29
linked immunosorbent	29
natural science	29
human platelet	29
study demonstrated	29
lipoprotein receptor	29
spontaneous clearance	29
antigen processing	29
antibody testing	29
study aims	29
urban health	29
improve patient	29
lung cancer	29
cellular membranes	29
adhesion molecule	29
human viruses	29
last months	29
standard therapy	29
mean serum	29
tumor suppressor	29
family flaviviridae	29
recent reports	29
takes place	29
study population	29
positive correlation	29
genetic variation	29
plasma products	29
molecular techniques	29
adverse effect	29
first two	29
specific inhibitor	29
patients died	29
cells harboring	29
inducible gene	29
decision making	29
selective pressure	29
log iu	29
group antigen	29
direct interaction	29
therapeutic approach	29
factors involved	29
viral protease	29
svr rates	29
urban areas	29
vero cells	29
bk virus	29
circulatory overload	29
mediated isothermal	29
rbc antigens	29
cd positive	29
major challenge	29
operating procedures	29
two methods	29
respiratory failure	29
cd deficiency	29
standard methods	29
surface area	29
human respiratory	29
sexual partners	29
patients presented	29
matrix protein	29
abo typing	29
time quantitative	29
induced liver	29
choriomeningitis virus	29
cell antibodies	29
uninfected cells	29
strains isolated	29
blood derived	29
herpes zoster	29
nat screening	29
treated rats	29
human health	29
high school	29
may reduce	29
platelet aggregation	29
intravenous drug	29
bleeding patients	28
type virus	28
less likely	28
manual tube	28
viral attachment	28
progenitor cells	28
listeria monocytogenes	28
delta virus	28
living cells	28
exclusion criteria	28
hev rna	28
factors affecting	28
coherent anti	28
overall incidence	28
patients transplanted	28
previous reports	28
post irradiation	28
hiv patients	28
selective inhibitors	28
care services	28
respiratory infections	28
cellular protein	28
among women	28
nat testing	28
mean time	28
female patients	28
situ hybridization	28
studies revealed	28
different concentrations	28
york city	28
early diagnosis	28
autoimmune disease	28
subgenomic rna	28
several viruses	28
mhc i	28
treatment group	28
donor deferral	28
automated blood	28
online version	28
ribavirin combination	28
storage lesion	28
pretransfusion testing	28
portal vein	28
fetal bovine	28
lipid raft	28
expression system	28
highly expressed	28
allele frequencies	28
cancer cell	28
community pharmacies	28
organ failure	28
coronary artery	28
sustained response	28
dna vaccine	28
pharmaceutical interventions	28
per rbc	28
stokes raman	28
frequently used	28
also occur	28
plasma volume	28
low density	28
medical school	28
laboratory findings	28
emerging infectious	28
east respiratory	28
gradient centrifugation	28
rare donor	28
health system	28
delivery system	28
mice deficient	28
wbc count	28
virus replicon	28
transfusion chain	28
using pcr	28
density gradient	28
newly discovered	28
adhesion molecules	28
infection induces	28
evidence indicates	28
high doses	28
roche cobas	28
survival benefit	28
usually associated	28
transfusion policy	28
consensus sequence	28
side effect	28
different methods	28
tm domain	28
inhibit viral	28
nucleoside analogue	28
ccr antagonists	28
hbsag positive	28
protein interacts	28
cellular rna	28
health centre	28
deceased donor	28
mayo clinic	28
hcc cell	28
diabetic patients	28
nucleotide sequences	28
immune activation	28
hiv protease	28
induced cell	28
seroconversion panels	28
saharan africa	28
urgently needed	28
full length	28
rhd typing	28
related liver	28
many studies	28
mouse cells	28
isothermal amplification	28
interacting protein	27
donor liver	27
recipient age	27
heart transplantation	27
hemoglobin level	27
possible role	27
autoimmune hemolytic	27
seasonal influenza	27
viral assembly	27
potential antiviral	27
total blood	27
clinical presentation	27
hcv may	27
receptor signaling	27
alt normalization	27
side chain	27
viral population	27
acid sites	27
viral glycoproteins	27
single unit	27
genotype hcv	27
ethics committee	27
infected liver	27
plasma transfusion	27
healthcare system	27
plasma derivates	27
antibody levels	27
protein folding	27
human rhinovirus	27
expression profiling	27
sp cells	27
remains unknown	27
immune status	27
lateral flow	27
health problems	27
cobas amplicor	27
regression model	27
colistin resistance	27
cell free	27
fed infants	27
cytokine secretion	27
ns ns	27
kupffer cells	27
allograft recipients	27
pegylated ifn	27
samples showed	27
following treatment	27
found positive	27
drug target	27
cellular functions	27
people worldwide	27
tissue damage	27
antimicrobial agents	27
highly pathogenic	27
genome sequences	27
last two	27
extracellular matrix	27
human monocytes	27
coronavirus infection	27
resistant mutant	27
kidney recipients	27
surgery patients	27
functional genomics	27
compatibility testing	27
higher rate	27
virus strain	27
will lead	27
female patient	27
hemoglobin levels	27
positive impact	27
epithelial cell	27
every months	27
derived cells	27
transforming growth	27
kinase inhibitors	27
important roles	27
patient outcomes	27
related adverse	27
treated group	27
ehv vaccine	27
automated system	27
medical microbiology	27
host antiviral	27
neutralizing antibody	27
many years	27
liver samples	27
novel therapeutic	27
drug abuse	27
assay kit	27
different viral	27
coagulation factor	27
rna level	27
derived dendritic	27
translation inhibition	27
cells express	27
platelet activation	27
liquid chromatography	27
test compounds	27
specific responses	27
data showed	27
virus rnas	27
humoral immune	27
healthy blood	27
synergistic effect	27
extracellular loop	27
expression profiles	27
disease caused	27
rhd exons	27
lyme disease	26
membrane rearrangements	26
cost effective	26
natural products	26
will require	26
high proportion	26
irradiated blood	26
saccharomyces cerevisiae	26
clinical specimens	26
positive predictive	26
confer resistance	26
activated cd	26
component therapy	26
still unclear	26
adaptive mutations	26
jak stat	26
rheumatoid arthritis	26
gene promoter	26
transfusion testing	26
vasovagal reactions	26
healthcare personnel	26
murine model	26
tight junction	26
blood establishment	26
stat pathway	26
virus infectivity	26
chronic inflammation	26
study using	26
studies indicate	26
effective antiviral	26
calculated using	26
binding pocket	26
large volume	26
virus load	26
study revealed	26
nafld patients	26
routine testing	26
papillomavirus type	26
community health	26
raft cultures	26
umbilical cord	26
street youth	26
virus vaccine	26
molecular typing	26
supplementary table	26
rna extraction	26
medication review	26
protein inhibits	26
viral nucleic	26
high mortality	26
late endosomes	26
dna sequences	26
sialic acid	26
national institutes	26
research center	26
large scale	26
days prior	26
mononuclear cell	26
splice site	26
immunosuppressive drugs	26
like protease	26
newly emerging	26
tyrosine phosphorylation	26
speci fi	26
maternal plasma	26
spectra optia	26
pcr testing	26
considered significant	26
previously identified	26
mic mg	26
tyrosine kinases	26
inner city	26
median follow	26
care workers	26
enveloped virus	26
associated proteins	26
potent inhibitors	26
molecules per	26
mediated endocytosis	26
severe side	26
intercept blood	26
san francisco	26
islet allograft	26
antibody test	26
immune cell	26
cell separators	26
one single	26
hcv virus	26
gel column	26
van der	26
severe cases	26
vaccine design	26
health outcomes	26
gb virus	26
pancreatic cancer	26
compared using	26
platelet additive	26
laboratory data	26
sequence alignment	26
old man	26
i signaling	25
social support	25
high expression	25
hcv structural	25
virus protein	25
coding sequences	25
membrane potential	25
low viral	25
surface proteins	25
iron overload	25
replication factories	25
binding affinity	25
blood glucose	25
group ab	25
inhibitors targeting	25
two main	25
also inhibited	25
hcv replicase	25
cd antibodies	25
infected huh	25
common causes	25
among pwid	25
apheresis donors	25
time consuming	25
among persons	25
tlr ligands	25
virus induces	25
strongly associated	25
experimental conditions	25
inhibitory peptide	25
analysis demonstrated	25
i expression	25
low rate	25
response element	25
alt level	25
higher frequency	25
effective therapy	25
serum igg	25
standard deviations	25
molecular patterns	25
standard treatment	25
life threatening	25
regulatory cells	25
interferon production	25
lesser extent	25
rna detection	25
pathogenic viruses	25
weeks gestation	25
medium containing	25
reporter virus	25
fi cation	25
bowel disease	25
i i	25
autophagy machinery	25
using human	25
cardiac allografts	25
prv infection	25
infection occurs	25
sustained viral	25
selective inhibitor	25
new automated	25
white cell	25
th th	25
expression vector	25
following transfusion	25
antibody production	25
human coronaviruses	25
without affecting	25
rna template	25
lipid composition	25
hbsag negative	25
cell homeostasis	25
miu ml	25
gel cards	25
haemolytic anaemia	25
carbon dioxide	25
elongation factor	25
rejection episodes	25
membranous replication	25
group compared	25
patients will	25
coronavirus replication	25
marrow cells	25
different genotypes	25
positive test	25
volume reduction	25
hours later	25
platelet content	25
gene transcription	25
liver tissues	25
less severe	25
virus particle	25
virus attachment	25
treatment option	25
one day	25
intravenous immunoglobulin	25
liver enzymes	25
structural basis	25
based methods	25
donor safety	25
solid tumors	25
efficient replication	25
lymphotropic virus	25
one sample	25