This is a list of all the questions and their associated study carrel identifiers. One can learn a lot of the "aboutness" of a text simply by reading the questions.
| identifier | question |
|---|---|
| cord-001541-5d64esp4 | The transcription complex of vesicular stomatitis virus Transcription and replication of nonsegmented negative- strand RNA viruses Origins of genes:"big bang"or continuous creation? |
| cord-001921-73esrper | Can zebrafish learn spatial tasks? |
| cord-015935-r2wd1yfa | Meeting at the synapse? |
| cord-007390-3txwm6wr | Is green fluorescent protein toxic to the living cells? |
| cord-004222-z4butywi | priming a broadly neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1 using a germline targeting immunogen Identification of common features in prototype broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV envelope V2 apex to facilitate vaccine design High- throughput immune repertoire analysis with IGoR Estimating the population size for capture- recapture data with unequal catchability How many different clonotypes do immune repertoires contain? |
| cord-003196-fdb6az0v | CD14 mediate response to respiratory syncytial virus Epithelial expression of TLR4 is modulated in COPD and by steroids, salmeterol and cigarette smoke Effect of carbon dioxide on neonatal mouse lung: a genomic approach Histone chaperones in nucleosome assembly and human disease Functional characterization of human nucleosome assembly protein 1-like proteins as histone chaperones DNA damage induces downregulation of histone gene expression through the G1 checkpoint pathway Histone H2A variants in nucleosomes and chromatin: more or less stable? |
| cord-017752-ofzm3x3a | A human DNA segment with properties of the gene that predisposes to retinoblastoma and osteosarcoma Is cancer dangerous to the immune system? |
| cord-010038-0m2f0eh4 | If split inteins are common, at least in one group of species, why is there only one known type( allele) of them? |
| cord-018526-rz7id5mt | a highly efficient, lipid- mediated DNA- transfection procedure Mechanism of oligonucleotide release from cationic liposomes Cellular and molecular barriers to gene transfer by a cationic lipid Nuclear import of plasmid DNA in digitoninpermeabilized cells requires both cytoplasmic factors and specific DNA sequences Improvement of exogenous DNA nuclear importation by nuclear localization signal- bearing vectors: a promising way for non- viral gene therapy? |
| cord-033692-txfuuu7d | : over 100 M website views per year Ready to submit your research? |
| cord-017932-vmtjc8ct | The Salmonella pathogenicity island-1 type III secretion system Capsule switching of Neisseria meningitides Capsules and cassettes: genetic organization of the capsule locus of Streptococcus pneumoniae Genetic and molecular characterization of capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 Massive gene decay in the leprosy bacillus Yersinia pestis-etiologic agent of plague Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, is a recently emerged clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Microbial proteomics From proteins to proteomes: large scale protein identification by twodimensional electrophoresis and amino acid analysis Membrane proteins and proteomics: un amour impossible? |
| cord-012542-rsqon0w0 | Can a small subset of the DEGs discriminate between survivals and non- survivals? |
| cord-002142-tdgu9sr9 | Nitric Oxide Increases Susceptibility of Toll- like Receptor- Activated Macrophages to Spreading Listeria monocytogenes Bacterial adaptation to oxidative stress: implications for pathogenesis and interaction with phagocytic cells Life of Listeria monocytogenes in the host cells'cytosol Bacterial production of methylglyoxal: a survival strategy or death by misadventure? |
| cord-018145-kssjdn8y | Intracellular immunization: a new strategy for producing diseaseresistant transgenic livestock? |
| cord-003044-9uqa39j9 | Can we identify host genes in functional classes whose expression depends on viral fitness? |
| cord-003044-9uqa39j9 | To what extent does viral fitness result from specific molecular interactions with host factors and regulatory networks during infection? |
| cord-007259-vj9tv3or | A new computational strategy for predicting essential genes How to identify essential genes from molecular networks? |
| cord-102935-cx3elpb8 | On the Specification of Term Values in Automatic Indexing Cytogenetic Studies with Polyploid Species of Wheat Knowledge Graphs and Knowledge Networks: The 590 Story in Brief KnetMaps: a BioJS component to visualize 592 biological knowledge networks Identification of loci 594 governing eight agronomic traits using a GBS- GWAS approach and validation by QTL 595 mapping in soya bean Big Data: Astronomical or Genomical? |
| cord-103465-6udhvl9n | Is the ring an unexpected party to proliferation? |
| cord-252536-gfx4cq03 | Gene therapy for obesity? |
| cord-012035-rhpfpku9 | How do mesenchymal stromal cells exert their therapeutic benefit? |
| cord-012035-rhpfpku9 | In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of drug- resistant ovarian carcinoma cells using a combination of cisplatin and a TRAIL- encoding retrovirus Is TRAIL the holy grail of cancer therapy? |
| cord-256837-100ir651 | how does HIV-1 exacerbate tuberculosis? |
| cord-003254-yiqdsf9z | ( IFN- beta) expression Is there a twelfth protein- coding gene in the genome of influenza A? |
| cord-003254-yiqdsf9z | An overlapping essential gene in the Potyviridae Evidence for a novel gene associated with human influenza A viruses Translational control in positive strand RNA plant viruses Mutations in the C, D, and V open reading frames of human parainfluenza virus type 3 attenuate replication in rodents and primates Evidence for the recent origin of a bacterial protein- coding, overlapping orphan gene by evolutionary overprinting Mapping overlapping functional elements embedded within the protein- coding regions of RNA viruses Detecting overlapping coding sequences with pairwise alignments Detecting overlapping coding sequences in virus genomes RNA editing in the phosphoprotein gene of the human parainfluenza virus type 3 Analysis of putative ORF3 gene within porcine circovirus type 2 Newcastle disease virus V protein is associated with viral pathogenesis and functions as an alpha interferon antagonist Ribosome footprint profiling of translation throughout the genome Highresolution analysis of coronavirus gene expression by RNA sequencing and ribosome profiling An overlapping proteincoding region in influenza A virus segment 3 modulates the host response Origins of genes:"big bang"or continuous creation? |
| cord-103150-e9q8e62v | How should we measure proportionality on relative gene expression data? |
| cord-260793-bb4h255w | Would a rose by another name smell as sweet? |
| cord-000492-ec5qzurk | : where are we now? |
| cord-000492-ec5qzurk | the transduction effi ciency of recombinant vectors GP130-STAT3 regulates epithelial cell migration and is required for repair of the bronchiolar epithelium Spatial and temporal expression of surfactant proteins in hyperoxia- induced neonatal rat lung injury Intrapulmonary TNF gene therapy reverses sepsis- induced suppression of lung antibacterial host defense Clinical Review: Gene- based therapies for ALI/ ARDS: where are we now? |
| cord-104073-vsa5y7ip | Stefan title: Cross kingdom analysis of putative quadruplex- forming sequences in fungal genomes: novel antifungal targets to ameliorate fungal pathogenicity? |
| cord-252147-bvtchcbt | Is declining innovation in the pharmaceutical industry a myth? |
| cord-020969-lh2ergpm | A look to future directions in gene therapy research for monogenic diseases Update on adenovirus and its vectors Herpes simplex virus 1( HSV-1) for cancer treatment Virus vectors and their applications The use of oncolytic vaccinia viruses in the treatment of cancer: A new role for an old ally? |
| cord-020969-lh2ergpm | In addition, the expression needs to continue for the life of the patient, which means either a very stable( integrated?) |
| cord-016364-80l5mua2 | A virus( H5N1) infection in cats causes systemic disease with potential novel routes of virus spread within and between hosts Avian H5N1 infl uenza in cats Feline friend or potential foe? |
| cord-016364-80l5mua2 | SARS- associated coronavirus Characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome Unique and conserved features of genome and proteome of SARS- coronavirus, an early split- off from the coronavirus group 2 lineage Coronavirus pathogenesis and the emerging pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Animal- to- human SARS- associated coronavirus transmission? |
| cord-004893-28mrzvsc | : ribosomal frameshifting is directed by a short sequence in both mammalian and yeast systems Do overlapping genes violate molecular biology and the theory of evolution? |
| cord-004893-28mrzvsc | The information content of DNA Gene K of bacteriophage X174 codes for a protein which affects the burst size of phage production Informational parameters of an exact DNA base sequence Signals for ribosomal frameshifting in the Rous sarcoma virus gag- pol region Origins of genes:''Big bang''or continuous creation? |
| cord-016187-58rqc0cg | -The lessons of SARS Public health measures to control the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome during the outbreak in Toronto Multistate outbreak of monkeypox- Illinois Westward HO? |
| cord-016187-58rqc0cg | -The spread of West Nile virus Death from the Nile crosses the Atlantic: The West Nile fever story Hemorrhagic fever viruses as biological weapons Death due to bioterrorism- related anthrax: Report of two patients Isolation and partial molecular characterization of a strain of Ebola virus during a recent epidemic of viral haemorrhagic fever in Gabon Staphylococcus aureus resistant to Vancomycin- United States Oseltamivir- resistant infl uenza? |
| cord-267733-fuz8r3vj | The world health organization and global smallpox eradication Vaccinia virus transcription Vaccinia virus vectors: New strategies for producing recombinant vaccines Poxvirus genome evolution by gene gain and loss Poxvirus cell entry: How many proteins does it take? |
| cord-015684-q10sx1dm | HTR2A T102C and DRD3 Ser9Gly predict clinical improvement in patients with acutely exacerbated schizophrenia? |
| cord-015684-q10sx1dm | The functional genome of CA1 and CA3 neurons under native conditions and in response to ischemia Fibroblast and lymphoblast gene expression profi les in schizophrenia: are non- neural cells informative? |
| cord-023647-dlqs8ay9 | If and Sequence Similarity to Yeast Pt~2 StguCttU'e and Evolution of the 02 Small Nuclear RNA Multigene Family in Primates: Gene Amplification Under Nat-¢wal Selectinn? |
| cord-023647-dlqs8ay9 | Transcription Factors An Element of Symmetry in Ytmst TATA- box Binding Protein Transcription Factor- liD--Consequence of an Ancestra/ Duplication? |
| cord-260496-s2ba7uy3 | Such genomic divergences both maintain viral specificity and allow the emergence of new families raising the question: are these divergences selected by the specificity or are they specificityselectors while maintaining the viral integrity? |
| cord-016313-n4ewq0pt | Neuroprotective effect of combined hypoxia- induced VEGF and bone marrowderived mesenchymal stem cell treatment Complete knockdown of CCR5 by lentiviral vector- expressed siRNAs and protection of transgenic macrophages against HIV-1 infection Speci fi c transduction of HIV- susceptible cells for CCR5 knockdown and resistance to HIV infection: a novel method for targeted gene therapy and intracellular immunization Stem cells and reprogramming: breaking the epigenetic barrier? |
| cord-016313-n4ewq0pt | TGF{beta}/ TNF{alpha}-mediated epithelial- mesenchymal transition generates breast cancer stem cells with a claudin- low phenotype Genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells: applications in spine therapy Hyaluronan and mesenchymal stem cells: from germ layer to cartilage and bone Notch signaling as gatekeeper of rat acinar- to- beta- cell conversion in vitro Transplantation of human bone marrow- derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes Will there be a live- attenuated HIV vaccine available for human safety trials by the year 2000? |
| cord-258035-2tk7maqk | Drosophila cells Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference Evidence that siRNAs function as guides, not primers, in the Drosophila and human RNAi pathways ATP requirements and small interfering RNA structure in the RNA interference pathway Phenotypic silencing of cytoplasmic genes using sequence- specific double- stranded short interfering RNA and its application in the reverse genetics of wild type negative- strand RNA viruses Short interfering RNA confers intracellular antiviral immunity in human cells siRNA- directed inhibition of HIV-1 infection Modulation of HIV-1 replication by RNA interference Potent and specific inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by RNA interference RNA interference directed against viral and cellular targets inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication Selective silencing of viral gene expression in HPV- positive human cervical carcinoma cells treated with siRNA, a primer of RNA interference Clearance of replicating hepatitis C virus replicon RNAs in cell culture by small interfering RNAs RNA interference: the new somatic cell genetics? |
| cord-258035-2tk7maqk | The future of cancer management: translating the genome, transcriptome, and proteome Long- term infection and transformation of dermal microvascular endothelial cells by human herpesvirus 8 Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirusinduced upregulation of the c- kit proto- oncogene, as identified by gene expression profiling, is essential for the transformation of endothelial cells Altered patterns of cellular gene expression in dermal microvascular endothelial cells infected with Kaposi's sarcoma- associated herpesvirus Inhibition of c- kit receptor tyrosine kinase activity by STI 571, a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor Gene silencing in mammals by small interfering RNAs Morpholino oligos: making sense of antisense? |
| cord-023928-9a1w174h | Given the tens of thousands of genes in the human genome and the millions of genetic polymorphisms, on which polymorphisms and in which genes should investigators focus? |
| cord-023928-9a1w174h | I LLN ESS severity between two children with pneumonia be associated with variations in their genes coding for one of the surfactant proteins? |
| cord-023928-9a1w174h | In considering this possibility, which of the following is true? |
| cord-266617-z8uecyl6 | Origins of genes:"big bang"or continuous creation? |
| cord-266617-z8uecyl6 | Positive selection or free to vary? |
| cord-273609-whm2ce4u | Betaactin- an unsuitable internal control for RT- PCR beta- Actin and GAPDH housekeeping gene expression in asthmatic airways is variable and not suitable for normalising mRNA levels GAPDH as a housekeeping gene: analysis of GAPDH mRNA expression in a panel of 72 human tissues Control selection for RNA quantitation Direct comparison of GAPDH, beta- actin, cyclophilin, and 28S rRNA as internal standards for quantifying RNA levels under hypoxia Mechanical injury of cartilage explants causes specific time- dependent changes in chondrocyte gene expression Gene expression studies in prostate cancer tissue: which reference gene should be selected for normalization? |
| cord-273910-fna7s9te | is CARD15 a susceptibility factor? |
| cord-290282-oxyzndsj | The nucleolus- a gateway to viral infection? |
| cord-298131-zolwjl9u | do apoptotic cells influence antigen processing and presentation? |
| cord-007708-hr4smx24 | Searching NCBI's dbSNP database DbVar and DGVa: public archives for genomic structural variation Using electronic patient records to discover disease correlations and stratify patient cohorts On not reinventing the wheel Beyond the genomics blueprint: the 4th Human Variome Project Meeting Comprehensive molecular characterization of urothelial bladder carcinoma Open clinical trial data for all? |
| cord-007708-hr4smx24 | What is bioinformatics? |
| cord-007708-hr4smx24 | Whose data set is it anyway? |
| cord-014597-66vd2mdu | : Comparability study from Process Performance to Product Quality Attributes Maximizing binding capacity for protein A chromatography Protein Glycosylation and its Role in Protein Folding Afucosylated antibodies increase activation of FcγRIIIa- dependent signaling components to intensify processes promoting ADCC Sialic Acids and other Nonulosonic Acids Production of antibody in insect cells Suitability and perspectives on using recombinant insect cells for the production of virus- like particles Cloning of cDNA and characterization of anti- RNase A monoclonal antibody 3A21 Production of functional antibody Fab fragment by recombinant insect cells Optimization of HEK-293S cell cultures for the production of adenoviral vectors in bioreactors using on- line OUR measurements Enhancing heterologous protein expression and secretion in HEK293 cells by means of combination of CMV promoter and IFNα2 signal peptide HEK293 cell culture media study towards bioprocess optimization: animal derived component free and animal derived component containing platforms Comparison of control strategies for fed- batch culture of hybridoma cells based on on- line monitoring of oxygen uptake rate, optical cell density and glucose concentration Continuous bioprocessing: The real thing this time? |
| cord-014597-66vd2mdu | Eliminating canine rabies, the principal source of human infection: What will it take? |
| cord-260345-ugd8kkor | ( 1992) H ow does photodynamic therapy work? |
| cord-260345-ugd8kkor | ~e growth factor? |
| cord-000012-p56v8wi1 | Science Are there bugs in our genome? |
| cord-000012-p56v8wi1 | The genome of Melanoplus sanguinipes entomopoxvirus Cloning and expression of a gene encoding a Campoletis sonorensis polydnavirus structural protein A gene encoding a polydnavirus structural polypeptide is not encapsidated What does structure tell us about virus evolution? |
| cord-000012-p56v8wi1 | redox considerations for HIV and SARS- coronavirus Genetic recombination of the DNA plant virus PBCV-1 in a chlorella alga Common origin of four diverse families of large eukaryotic DNA viruses Evolutionary genomics of nucleo- cytoplasmic large DNA viruses Effects of the nonoccluded virus of Spodoptera frugiperda( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on the development of a parasitoid Parasitoid- mediated transmission of an iridescent virus Non- poly- DNA viruses, their parasitic wasp, and hosts The few virus- like genes of Cotesia congragata Self- synthesizing DNA transposons in eukaryotes Marvericks, a novel class of giant transposable elements widespread in eukaryotes and related to DNA viruses Evolution of viruses by acquisition of cellular RNA or DNA nucleotide sequences and genes: an introduction Microbialgenes in the human genome: lateral transfer or gene loss? |
| cord-309556-xv3413k1 | The GTEx Project Cryo- EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation Receptor Recognition by the Novel Coronavirus from Wuhan: an Analysis Based on Decade- Long Structural Studies of SARS Coronavirus SARS- CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS- CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein COVID-19 and Italy: what next? |
| cord-274241-biqbsggu | why bats? |
| cord-301218-zsp5sh9o | One major problem begins in simply defining"what is normal?"or obtaining a specimen to which a diseased tissue can be legitimately compared. |
| cord-282968-kjvvoveq | gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research Ready to submit your research? |
| cord-306535-j26eqmxt | Isolation and morphological characterization Integrative characterization of germ cell- specific genes from mouse spermatocyte UniGene library Comparative and functional analysis of testis- specific genes Genome engineering uncovers 54 evolutionarily conserved and testis- enriched genes that are not required for male fertility in mice Reaching for high- hanging fruit in drug discovery at protein- protein interfaces Pharmacological perturbation of CDK9 using selective CDK9 inhibition or degradation Catalytic in vivo protein knockdown by small- molecule PROTACs Hijacking the E3 ubiquitin ligase cereblon to efficiently target BRD4 Lessons in PROTAC design from selective degradation with a promiscuous warhead Assessing different E3 ligases for small molecule induced protein ubiquitination and degradation Cell- penetrating peptides: 20 years later, where do we stand? |
| cord-019050-a9datsoo | Ductal epithelial proliferations of the breast: A biologic continuum? |
| cord-019050-a9datsoo | Exploiting the potential of gene expression profiling: Is it ready for the clinic? |
| cord-019050-a9datsoo | Gene expression profiling: Does it add predictive accuracy to clinical characteristics in cancer prognosis? |
| cord-019050-a9datsoo | How can the specificity of the experiment be controlled? |
| cord-307202-iz1bo218 | Is asthma a nervous disease? |
| cord-303132-m3j1dekj | IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza Interferon- induced transmembrane protein-3 genetic variant rs12252-C is associated with severe influenza in Chinese individuals Influenza virus evolution, host adaptation, and pandemic formation Re- evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia Rabies virus vaccines: is there a need for a pan- lyssavirus vaccine? |
| cord-323307-nu9ib62h | Hear, hear: the convergent evolution of echolocation in bats? |
| cord-308034-9b219k0v | A ribozyme at heart? |
| cord-345475-ttrcmtu4 | phloem cDNA subtractive library identifies new genes expressed during xylogenesis in Eucalyptus Real- time PCR: what relevance to plant studies? |
| cord-022177-j0qcjbxg | Sequenzierung der Genome von Tieren gewonnen? |
| cord-022177-j0qcjbxg | Was ist mit den übrigen Genen? |
| cord-022177-j0qcjbxg | all dessen Gene zum Leben unentbehrlich? |
| cord-022177-j0qcjbxg | der Fotografie dargestellt ist, und dem Vorgang der Translation mit Polysomen( 7 Abb. 14.15)? |
| cord-339012-4juhmjaj | COVID-19-induced acute respiratory failure: an exacerbation of organspecific autoimmunity? |
| cord-015850-ef6svn8f | A compromise solution to the introns- early versus introns- late debate? |
| cord-015850-ef6svn8f | The evolution of spliceosomal introns: Patterns, puzzles and progress Genes in pieces: Were they ever together? |
| cord-015850-ef6svn8f | What kind of the relationship exists between the genome size and mutation rates? |
| cord-015850-ef6svn8f | Why genes in pieces? |
| cord-328287-3qgzulgj | Tb and diabetes mellitus, hiv and metabolic syndrome, and the impact of globalization Cancer risk in people infected with human immunodeficiency virus in the united states Hepatocellular cancer in hiv- infected individuals: tomorrow's problem? |
| cord-018924-wo42j0ps | :"are we nearly there yet? |
| cord-018924-wo42j0ps | Noninvasive of adenovirus tumor retargeting in living subjects by a soluble adenovirus receptor- epidermal growth factor( sCAR- EGF) fusion protein Advances in viral- vector systemic cytokine gene therapy against cancer Gene therapy in haemophilia-going for cure? |
| cord-018924-wo42j0ps | Targeted adeno- associated virus vector transduction of nonpermissive cells mediated by a bispecific F(ab'gamma)2 antibody Retrovirus vectors: toward the plentivirus? |
| cord-018924-wo42j0ps | What are possible applications of bispecific antibodies and other antibody- derived gene transfer adapters? |
| cord-291349-tq2n4mx3 | ( b) If so, how? |
| cord-291349-tq2n4mx3 | Transgene expression in the provirus is driven by the viral 5? |
| cord-322286-2de6r1h6 | When did plants become important to leaf- nosed bats? |
| cord-314915-b6aqwubh | Qa-1(b) Innate or adaptive immunity? |
| cord-328899-kog99kk5 | Animals receiving corrected to achieve clinical benefit? |
| cord-273347-eyxc4rt0 | An update Progress and problems with the use of viral vectors for gene therapy A tragic setback After Glybera's withdrawal, what's next for gene therapy? |
| cord-273347-eyxc4rt0 | Novel Strategies for Targeting Prostate Cancer Targeted nonviral gene therapy in prostate cancer Preparation of nanobubbles carrying androgen receptor siRNA and their inhibitory effects on androgen- independent prostate cancer when combined with ultrasonic irradiation Interleukin-27 gene delivery for modifying malignant interactions between prostate tumor and bone DNA/ Lipid complex incorporated with fibronectin to cell adhesion enhances transfection efficiency in prostate cancer cells and xenografts Autophagy modulators: mechanistic aspects and drug delivery systems Which one performs better for targeted lung cancer combination therapy: pre- or postbombesin- decorated nanostructured lipid carriers? |
| cord-287396-18p171nr | In a study by Flori and co- workers, the Qiagen- NRSP8 array was extended by adding probes for Pseudorabies Virus RNAs as well as probes for transcripts from the porcine Major Histocompatibility Complex, also called the Swine Leukocyte Antigen( SLA) complex, referred to as the Qiagen? |
| cord-287396-18p171nr | Whereas RNA- seq will sequence all transcripts containing poly- A? |
| cord-314642-oobbdgzh | First, if this and other'alien'DNA came from some distantly related donor species of bacteria, what was the donor? |
| cord-314642-oobbdgzh | Second, is the potential mobility of the element in its present host a significant factor in the epidemiology of the diseases? |
| cord-307769-rjseio5s | implications for wound healing Possible role of REG Ialpha protein in ulcerative colitis and colitic cancer REG1A expression is a prognostic marker in colorectal cancer and associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis Increased risk of large- bowel cancer in Crohn's disease with colonic involvement Matrix metalloproteinase levels are elevated in inflammatory bowel disease Genes expressed in pediatric Crohn Comparable expression of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2 in pouchitis and ulcerative colitis Matrix metalloproteinases in inflammatory bowel disease: boon or a bane? |
| cord-332006-if46jycd | Focal adhesion kinase targeting using in vivo short interfering RNA delivery in neutral liposomes for ovarian carcinoma therapy Efficient delivery of small interfering RNA to bone- metastatic tumors by using atelocollagen in vivo Therapeutic silencing of mutant huntingtin with siRNA attenuates striatal and cortical neuropathology and behavioral deficits siRNA and the lung: research tool or therapeutic drug? |
| cord-295307-zrtixzgu | A multi- algorithm clustering plugin for Cytoscape Topological analysis and interactive visualization of biological networks and protein structures Selectivity determinants of GPCR- G- protein binding Boxplot- based outlier detection for the location- scale family Outlier detection: how to threshold outlier scores? |
| cord-295307-zrtixzgu | Coexpression network analysis in chronic hepatitis B and C hepatic lesions reveals distinct patterns of disease progression to hepatocellular carcinoma Reverse genetics approaches for the development of influenza vaccines How viral genetic variants and genotypes influence disease and treatment outcome of chronic hepatitis B. Time for an individualised approach? |
| cord-319519-mb9ofh12 | Neutrophil extracellular traps( NETs) exacerbate severity of infant sepsis Association of Blood Glucose Control and Outcomes in Patients with COVID-780 19 and Pre- existing Type 2 Diabetes Dementia care during COVID-19 Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long- Term Care Facility in King 784 Storm, typhoon, cyclone or hurricane in 786 patients with COVID-19? |
| cord-319519-mb9ofh12 | The DisGeNET knowledge platform for disease genomics Which White Blood Cell Subtypes Predict Increased Cardiovascular 756 Risk? |
| cord-329617-gzivtsho | Bats and zoonotic viruses: can we confidently link bats with emerging deadly viruses? |
| cord-351548-jvl63652 | An alternative view on an outdated hypothesis Does cytomegalovirus play a causative role in the development of various inflammatory diseases and cancer? |
| cord-304607-td0776wj | Molecular detection of multiple emerging pathogens in sputa from cystic fibrosis patients ALLPATHS: de novo assembly of whole- genome shotgun microreads Evolution of pathogenicity and sexual reproduction in eight Candida genomes New tools for discovering and characterizing microbial diversity Cytolethal distending toxin( CDT): a bacterial weapon to control host cell proliferation? |
| cord-304607-td0776wj | The death of microarrays? |
| cord-252859-zir02q69 | Can gene or protein expression profiles be used to diagnose sepsis in other animal models? |
| cord-252859-zir02q69 | If so, are there predictive gene sets that are common to different types of infection( eg, gram- positive versus gram- negative infections)? |
| cord-252859-zir02q69 | Once the diagnosis has been made, are there markers that indicate response to therapy or prognosis? |
| cord-252859-zir02q69 | What are the optimal computational methods to identify robust predictors from microarray or proteomic data? |
| cord-295019-8tf8ah6g | A novel mammalian cell- based approach for the discovery of anticancer drugs with reduced cytotoxicity on non- dividing cells Drug discovery and natural products: end of an era or an endless frontier? |
| cord-295019-8tf8ah6g | is subcellular localization the answer? |
| cord-351845-bli3qm8w | The innate immune system: fighting on the front lines or fanning the flames of COVID-19? |
| cord-280897-el7bdkcf | Could the difference in mRNA stability between intronless genes and intron- containing genes be attributed to functional differences? |
| cord-280897-el7bdkcf | Do introns also increase the amount of protein produced from a gene by enhancing the mRNA stability? |
| cord-280897-el7bdkcf | Then, how can introns enhance the mRNA stability? |
| cord-355075-ieb35upi | inflammasome activation: the convergence of multiple signalling pathways on ROS production? |
| cord-018647-bveks6t1 | Are the biochemical reaction products electroactive? |
| cord-018647-bveks6t1 | Is one of the substrates or cofactors electrically active? |
| cord-018647-bveks6t1 | The main considerations are: Does the enzyme contain active redox groups? |
| cord-018647-bveks6t1 | What is the final application of NBSs? |
| cord-018647-bveks6t1 | What is the speed and response time? |
| cord-352190-1987sfyz | Mutations of 3c and spike protein genes correlate with the occurrence of feline infectious peritonitis Feline coronavirus 3c protein: a candidate for a virulence marker? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | Are we measuring the right thing? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | Estimating phenotypic drug resistance from HIV-1 genotypes Mycobacterium du jour: what's on tomorrow's menu? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | How do we compare hundreds of bacterial genomes? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | Mauve: multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements Harnessing bioinformatics to discover new vaccines Integration of omics data: how well does it work for bacteria? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | Microb Infect Ten years of bacterial genome sequencing: comparative- genomics- based discoveries Integration and mining of malaria molecular, functional and pharamacological data: how far are we from a chemogenomic knowledge space? |
| cord-016588-f8uvhstb | What would you do if you could sequence everything? |
| cord-016713-pw4f8asc | ( review) Pathogen recognition and development of particulate vaccines: does size matter? |
| cord-016713-pw4f8asc | : what are the benefits for the elderly? |
| cord-016713-pw4f8asc | I( IGF- I) Immunogenicity in mice of a cationic microparticle- adsorbed plasmid DNA encoding Japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein Vaccine potential of cytosolic proteins loaded fibrin microspheres of Cryptococcus neoformans in BALB/ c mice Plasmid DNA loaded chitosan nanoparticles for nasal mucosal immunization against hepatitis B Comparing the effect of IL-12 genetic adjuvant and alum non- genetic adjuvant on the efficiency of the cocktail DNA vaccine containing plasmids encoding SAG-1 and ROP-2 of Toxoplasma gondii Nasal immunization with plasmid DNA encoding P6 protein and immunostimulatory complexes elicits nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaespecific long- term mucosal immune responses in the nasopharynx Nanoparticles as carriers for nasal vaccine delivery DNA vaccines: ready for prime time? |
| cord-016713-pw4f8asc | basic studies and applications Immune responses against a new HIV-1 p24-gp41/ pCAGGS- IL-12 DNA vaccine in Balb/ c mice Enhancement of cellular immune response to a prostate cancer DNA vaccine by intradermal electroporation Live attenuated AIDS viruses as vaccines: promise or peril? |
| cord-016713-pw4f8asc | human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Anionic PAMAM dendrimers rapidly cross adult rat intestine in vitro: a potential oral delivery system? |
| cord-313138-y485ev30 | -I by viral RNA Tetratrico peptide repeat interactions: to TPR or not to TPR? |
| cord-313138-y485ev30 | The long view: a bright past, a brighter future? |
| cord-313138-y485ev30 | The tetratricopeptide repeat: a structural motif mediating protein- protein interactions Structure, chromosome localization, and regulation of expression of the interferon- regulated mouse Ifi54/ Ifi56 gene family RING domains: master builders of molecular scaffolds? |
| cord-302047-vv5gpldi | : What Have we Learned? |
| cord-302047-vv5gpldi | First, how stable are natural virus genomes, and under what conditions do they become unstable? |
| cord-302047-vv5gpldi | Second, since horizontal gene transfer( HGT) plays an important role in virus evolution, under what conditions are transferred sequences likely to be retained? |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | : Is There Ample Evidence? |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | According to anecdotal evidence when visiting his namesake centre, Sanger asked:"What does this machine do then?""Dideoxy sequencing"came the reply, to which Fred retorted:"Have n't they come up with anything better yet?" |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | According to anecdotal evidence when visiting his namesake centre, Sanger asked:"What does this machine do then?""Dideoxy sequencing"came the reply, to which Fred retorted:"Have n't they come up with anything better yet?" |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | Issues of justice and resource allocation also have been raised: In a time of strain on our health care system, can we afford such expensive therapy? |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | That finding led plant pathologist Roger Beachy, then at Washington University in Saint Louis, to wonder exactly how such"cross- protection"worked-did part of the virus prompt it? |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | When Steve Fodor was asked in 2003"How do you really take the Human genome sequence and transform it into knowledge?" |
| cord-016293-pyb00pt5 | Who should receive gene therapy? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | 25 kDa movement protein 12 and 8 kDa movement proteins f?? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | 25 kDa movement protein 12 and 8 kDa movement proteins f?? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | Do the 5 0 untranslated domains of human cDNAs challenge the rules for initiation of translation( or is it vice versa New ways of initiating translation in eukaryotes? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | How does the 40S subunit hold on at a terminator codon, in order to reinitiate? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | What drives migration of the 40S subunit during the scanning phase? |
| cord-267475-6f4h3cck | What prevents reinitiation when the size of the first ORF exceeds a certain length? |
| cord-291719-1ku6cmwj | -Thymic involution or peripheral homeostatic proliferation? |
| cord-291719-1ku6cmwj | Is BCG vaccination affecting the spread and severity of COVID-19? |
| cord-291719-1ku6cmwj | [ Internet BCG vaccine protection from severe coronavirus disease 2019( COVID-19) Is global BCG vaccination- induced trained immunity relevant to the progression of SARS- CoV-2 pandemic? |
| cord-291719-1ku6cmwj | and what are the wider lessons? |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | He began his lecture with the quote''Are we letting a philosophy of the protein- coding gene control( our) reasoning? |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | How can we ensure that future generations of biologists are adequately trained to evaluate statistical methods? |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | Speakers in the first session discussed their experiences with single- cell RNA- seq to address a series of questions that remain integral to the IMGC each year; namely, what tools and technologies are driving our field forward? |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | What exciting possibilities do they create, and what obstacles do we face in using these methods and interpreting their results? |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | What then is the philosophy of the gene?'' |
| cord-278136-ol2buwld | When the same data can be analyzed to show very different results, potentially affecting funding decisions on models, is the ultimate onus for publication on the journal or expert scientific reviewers? |
| cord-264996-og3sg0qw | But how does a specific protein''know''how to reach a specific cellular destination when hundreds of newly synthesized, diVerent molecules require 2 specific transport and targeting? |
| cord-264996-og3sg0qw | The Next Generation of Medical Treatment? |
| cord-264996-og3sg0qw | The secrets of secretory lysosomes The biogenesis of lysosomes: Is it a kiss and run, continuous fusion and fission process? |
| cord-264996-og3sg0qw | This raises a key question: how do protein and lipid cargo move through the Golgi apparatus while resident enzymes retain their localization? |
| cord-264996-og3sg0qw | Where is it and what does it do? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | A typical search asks a question such as"What can be found out about the negative regulatory aspects of a genetic network in the pharynx?" |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | But how realistic is this venture? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | But why stop there? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | If you have ever spent an evening hoisting brews with your pals at the corner pub, chances are you never stopped to think- gee, how do I lift my glass now that it's only half full? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | Running the same search three times on three different subsets of content might be better than running it 15 times- but would n't it be easier to run it just once? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | So naturally, neuroscientists wonder, does the architectural organization of the motor system reveal an underlying functional organization? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | The question is, how soon can these levels be achieved for biology? |
| cord-014368-4nasrbs6 | The question is, how soon can these levels be achieved for biology? |
| cord-317779-j67vb7f3 | B19 derived macrophages exhibit decreased nitric oxide production compared to the IFNγ stimulated B2 derived macrophages? |
| cord-317779-j67vb7f3 | How do the two lineages of macrophages differ at the gene expression level? |
| cord-317779-j67vb7f3 | What is the underlying cause of the divergent gene expression patterns observed between B2 and B19 macrophages? |
| cord-317779-j67vb7f3 | What specific patterns of gene expression correlate with divergent macrophage differentiation, activation and function? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | A50$ 14- 28 Neutralization rates of TNF- a from eight animal species by a monoclonal antibody against human TNF: implication for receptor action? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | Are these two activities encoded by a single mRNA? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | Do their protein- chemical structure and organisation decipher us certain clues and parts of the path by which they have been selected and derived from a possible primordial reaction centre polypeptide? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | Does the ALEP1 germ- line specific protein have a homologue in the somatic ribosomes? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | However, in the presence of 1000 U/ ml interferon? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | Is membranebound enzyme preferentially associated with a given cellular membrane? |
| cord-004879-pgyzluwp | What is the function of rpS 19? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | Do thermophiles have high( G+ C)% DNA? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | In 1954 he set his students an essay"How does the Watson- Crick model account for synapsis?"[ II]. |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | Or did the ancestor not have isochores, which were therefore freshly acquired by the eukaryotic lineage after its divergence from the prokaryotic lineage( isochores- late)? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | Since prokaryotes( e.g. bacteria) and eukaryotes( e.g. primates) are considered to have evolved from a common ancestor, does this mean that the ancestor had isochores that were subsequently lost by prokaryotes during or after their divergence from the eukaryote lineage( isochores- early)? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | So how do nucleic acid s survive in thermophil es? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | What role does the( G+C)%"accent"play in meiotic pairing? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | ce ll, thu s releasin g four geno mes into an environment conducive to recombination? |
| cord-017156-ximzvqbm | rRNA genes) preserve their similarity to each other? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | ? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | ? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | Warum variiert die Genomgröße dann so stark? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | einer solchen konzertierten Evolution? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | i m Laufe der Evolution? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | so schlimm?" |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | so tödlich? |
| cord-022178-4oh02tlr | so tödlich? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | -how do we manage the extreme costs of these products, especially in light of the many unsolved issues with respect to effectiveness? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | -what is the influence of antibody generation on clinical effectiveness? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | -what is the natural history and"point of no return"for subgroups of patients within one LSD's? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | > G;p.?) |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | And then: what is early? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | Congenital myopathies and congenital muscular dystrophies: Will genetic testing replace muscle biopsy in the near future? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | Disproportioned short stature and multiple anomalies in a patient with a homozygous PIK3C2A mutation-a new ciliopathy? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | Inherited DNA repair mutations: are they modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 penetrance and age at onset of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | Many unresolved questions exist at this stage, including the following:-what is the natural history and"point of no return"for the different LSD's? |
| cord-005147-mvoq9vln | What is the functional role of these ectopically expressed olfactory receptors? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | Can the target genes affect virion assembly, or affect replication and spread of the virus through regulating viral transcription to block its transmission? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | Can we assume that these host genes together function to maintain homeostasis? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | Human embryonic genome activation( EGA) occurs at the 4- 8 cell stage[ 40, 41], why host genes can regulate HBV gene expression in two- cell embryos? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | It is unknown whether the target genes identified in the current study are included in ESSP4? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | Oocyte- expressed yes- associated protein is a key activator of the early zygotic genome in mouse Golden hamster embryonic genome activation occurs at the two- cell stage: correlation with major developmental changes X region mutations of hepatitis B virus related to clinical severity Understanding the host genetics of chronic hepatitis B and C, Semin Does severe teratozoospermia affect blastocyst formation, live birth rate, and other clinical outcome parameters in ICSI cycles? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | Refining the risk estimate for transfusion- transmission of occult hepatitis B virus Epidemiological and molecular features of hepatitis B and hepatitis delta virus transmission in a remote rural community in central Africa# 38: hepatitis B in pregnancy screening, treatment, and prevention of vertical transmission Hepatitis B transmission by cell and tissue allografts: how safe is safe enough? |
| cord-296979-8r851j4t | whether certain activator( s) deposited in golden hamster oocyte activate human genome? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | 2´-deoxy- cAMP in human cell lines: Another second messenger? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | > Ser Extra- adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis in the intestinal epithelium: more than a drop in the ocean? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | Converging of the classical mitochondria- related pathway in Parkinson and nuclear DNA- repair signaling? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | Detoxification by conjugation of glutathione? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | Is formaldehyde a good example for a"genotoxic carcinogen"with a threshold mode of action? |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | The transcriptome analyses of human cells showed that additionally to the 30.000 protein coding sequences the human DNA codes for much more( 450.000?) |
| cord-006230-xta38e7j | possible link between diabetes and cancer? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | How can we define the limits between what is permitted and what is prohibited, or between privacy and responsibility towards third parties? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | How will it influence medicine? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | If only 1% to 2% of the bases in the human genome code for proteins, then what do the rest do? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | What ethical problems does it pose? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | What general lessons has it taught us so far? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | What was the genesis of this project? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | Why are there so many repetitive sequences in the human genome not found in the genomes of invertebrates? |
| cord-320005-i30t7cvr | has it given rise to? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | Do we understand evolution? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | Given this, let us take Dawkins'argument a bit further: are hands also made for colouring, for typing, are our mouths and vocal cord and tongue made for shouting( anti)-governmental slogans? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | How can this advanced and more complex child make itself comprehensible to his less complex parents? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | Neo- Darwinian theory also added Mendelian hereditary laws, genes, mutations and mathematics to this speciation concept( Gontier, 2004) to answer the following question: what happens during vertical evolution? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | New words get introduced very rapidly; who used the word computer before 1950 and who did not know this word after 1960? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | Since we do not know how most things evolved, how can we even begin to answer the question of why they evolved, particularly, in a scientific and non- speculative manner? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | What is life? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | What is life? |
| cord-016062-h4vjkufn | Why on earth should we undo this job? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | Correlative study of adult respiratory distress syndrome by light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy Pulmonary pathology of the adult respiratory distress syndrome Roles of oxidants and redox signaling in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome Acute lung injury and cell death: How many ways can cells die? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | Most notably, why do only 10%-20% of patients with the mutation develop clinical disease? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | Squamous dysplasia and carcinoma in situ Lung cancer and lung stem cells: Strange bedfellows? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | The genetic approach in pulmonary fibrosis Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Clinical relevance of pathologic classification Pathology of advanced interstitial diseases: Pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis X, autoimmune pulmonary disease, lymphangioleiomyomatosis Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Multiple causes and multiple mechanisms? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | Triumph of the trimolecular complex? |
| cord-335382-fk4um9nw | What is sarcoidosis? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | Both ATP and GTP were utilized as phosporyl donors and Mn 2? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | Cut off was calculated as Mean negative control? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | FMDV P1- 3CD''O''vaccine gene constructs in pCDNA3.1? entrapped by the nanoparticles was prepared by using different molarity of calcium chloride and disodium hydrogen orthophosphate. |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | Helicase activity of NSs was absolutely dependent on ATP and Mg 2? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | How do Indian journals perform in Maintaining quality? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | How do motivate the scientists to improve their scientific output? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | How to motivate the scientists to improve their scientific output? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | In this regard, rNSs is a unique enzyme which does not have the canonical helicase motifs but can catalyze dsDNA/ dsRNA unwinding in an ATP and Mg 2? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | Should we compare the growth of Indian science with other developed countries? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | What ails Indian Science? |
| cord-014462-11ggaqf1 | What criteria should be adopted to judge the quality and standard of scientific research? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | -%~~ specific? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | D61 and D62 are 9 and 13 bp long, are frequently recombine as D,1/ D62? and reveal exonucleolytic trimning with extensive"N"segment addition. |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | In support of this possibility, thymectomized&+( a x b)F1 chimeras given strain J? marrow cells and a strain thymus graft( irradiated) show no detectable tolerance to host- type strain b determinants: the strain& CD4+ cells differentiating in these chimeras give strong MLR to strain b and do not show deletion of v 11+ cells. |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | The efect of these TCR differences on recognition was assessed using a pane? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | The existence of"primed"T cells in phenotypically tolerant animals raises the possibility that precocious activation of TR1( by neonatal exposure to tolerogen?) suppresses the later emergence of T,,, which would be expected to contain the cells responsible for graft rejection. |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | The increase peaked at 2 min and returned almost to baseline by 10 mi?. |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | Us& this tecfinolosy we have begun to characterize the irmnUne reqonse to individual peptide antigens.? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | Us& this& logy we have begun to characterize the innume response to individual Peptide antigens.? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | We have extended these exper- to inta? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | We reasoned that given the potential for direct peptide/ class?'&$% ation observed in vifro, OVA2s,-2ra may induce CTL after in vivo priming. |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | c a l l y autoreactive T cell:? |
| cord-023055-ntbvmssh | e human nutoinimiine tlisrases maintdin:? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | ( 2) Is adhesion between leukocytes and endothelial cells affected by VCAM-1-specific siRNA? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | (??). |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | (??). |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | A recent EcoNexus report underlined the potential for the process of plant transformation to result in genetic damage to the transformed plant( Genome Scrambling- Myth or Reality? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Arabidopsis thaliana- Distinct function in gene transcription dynamics? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Are they being adsorbed to the core cellulose chain or partly solubilized to a hydrolysis broth?" |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Extending life by alternative respiration? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | For example, one of the often asked questions is:"What is happening with shorter cellooligosacharides( DP 7 and up) laying on the surface of cellulose chain? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | In order to further substantiate the potential use of siRNA for therapeutic purposes, we have set out to investigate two things:( 1) Does VCAM-1-specific siRNA affect the amount of VCAM-1 on the surface of HUVEC? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Is this realistic? |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Two days of open discussions were organized in the context of the Austrian Genome Research Program GEN- AU( 3): topics were"Gene Diagnosis"( 2002) and"Genome Research- what is in it for me?"( 2004). |
| cord-008777-i2reanan | Will we switch from a petrochemical industry to a biobased chemistry within the next years? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | ( Coleoptera: Lampyridae): implications for the evolution of light signals Should phylogenetic models be trying to"fit an elephant"? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | A complete family of phylogenetic invariants for any number of taxa under Kimura's 3ST model Among- site rate variation and phylogenetic analysis of 12S rRNA in sigmodontine rodents Overcredibility of molecular phylogenies obtained by Bayesian phylogenetics PAUP*: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony(* and other methods), version 4.0b10 Evolutionary trees of apes and humans from DNA sequences Exploring the phylogenetic structure of ecological communities: an example for rain forest trees Does adding characters with missing data increase or decrease phylogenetic accuracy? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | For a particular site in the data set, the conditional likelihood score is equal to 1.0 for any subtree containing only taxa with ambiguous character states( i.e.,"? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | In the first scheme( referred to as sister variable), we randomly chose sites in which the character states of 2 sister species( Hydromantes italicus and Hydromantes brunus) differed, appended copies of them to the original matrix, and changed the character states of the other 6 species at all appended sites to ambiguous("?"). |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | In the second scheme( referred to as distant invariable), we randomly chose sites in which the character states of 2 nonsister species( Desmognathus fucus and Ensatina eschscholtzii) did not differ, appended copies of them to the original matrix, and changed the character states of the other 6 species at all appended sites to ambiguous("?"). |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | Incomplete taxa, incomplete characters and phylogenetic accuracy: is there a missing data problem? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | Is there a star tree paradox? |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | The character state at each appended site was unambiguous but different for the sister taxa Hydromantes brunus( Hb) and Hydromantes italicus( Hi) and was ambiguous("?") for the other 6 taxa: Aneides flavipunctatus( Af), Aneides hardii( Ah), Desmognathus fucus( Df), Desmognathus wrighti( Dw), Ensatina eschscholtzii( Ee), and Phaeognathus hubrichti( Ph). |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | The state of each character is unambiguous( taking the state"A,""C,""G,"or"T"), partially ambiguous( taking the state"B,""D,""H,""V,""S,""W,""R,""Y,""K,"or"M"), or ambiguous( taking the state"?"or"N"). |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | To vary the taxonomic distribution of ambiguous characters across data sets, we replaced all 500 characters in Gene B with ambiguous characters( taking the state"?") for 2 of the taxa( either sister or nonsister on the 4-taxon tree) or none of the taxa( Gene B unambiguous). |
| cord-355927-nzoiv9pj | When are fossils better than extant taxa in phylogenetic analysis? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | What can teaching, ex cathedra, do to guide the researcher? cord-016095-jop2rx61 , Stanislas DEHAENE( b. 1965), Daniel DENNETT( b. 1942) and others, that thought is not transcendent, and that it is intrinsically dependent on the brain, which is considered to be a neurochemical system, and thus look for the secret of the individuation of the human being in brain information storage mechanisms with retrocontrol loops associated with subtle neuron architectures, or, in short, refer to a sort of TURING machine? cord-016095-jop2rx61 Are the stakes involved in a particular experiment, in terms of the acquisition of new knowledge, worth the suffering of an animal used in that experiment? cord-016095-jop2rx61 At a scientific meeting held in Sheffield, England, in January of 2005 63, with the theme Systems biology: will it work?, an argumentative discussion of the advantages as well as the disadvantages of an integrated, mathematized biology was useful in that it included a reminder that most of the parameters used insystems biology"come from studies that are carried out in vitro on purified enzymes, and that it is not sufficient to know the value of the Michaelian parameters( V max and K m) in order to reach biological reality. |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | At what stage of embryo development is it possible to remove ES cells for experimental purposes? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | How can the sum of the scattered experimental data that we have concerning the catalytic capabilities of a multitude of enzymes of cellular origin be integrated into the operation of a cell? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | How can we envisage the gene- enzyme relationship according to current evidence concerning the complexity of the genetic message? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | How could this be true if the teaching faculty did not itself participate in scientific creation? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | In a text entitled Why genetic engineering should continue its battle 31, James WATSON writes of his confusion when faced with a choice that is likely to become more and more insistent over the years:"Dare we be entrusted with improving on the results of several million years of Darwinian natural selection? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | In his What is Bioethics? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | Innumerable cargoes have already reached port, but what will be the destiny of this precious merchandise? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | Is it not necessary to ensure that the experimental protocol is well- documented, that it is not redundant, or even that it has been the subject of previous studies carried out on cells in culture? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | Should"systems biology"be regarded as a resurgence of a physiology that has been somewhat neglected over the last few decades, but has been reinvigorated by a salutary hybridization of biologists and model- makers? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | This example highlights a harrowing ethical dilemma: should we not treat a patient whose illness is likely to be fatal, or attempt a therapy that may save the patient, without having any formal assurance of its success? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | With such an innovation, an unexpected field of exploration has opened up to research in domains as far apart as pharmacology and the science of evolution, giving rise to burning questions: could such non- natural proteins have therapeutic properties? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | could they give a selective advantage to the organisms that host them? |
| cord-016095-jop2rx61 | or do the human germ cells represent on the contrary Rubicons that geneticists will never dare to cross? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | : a multicenter, retrospective, chart review Epididymal anomalies associated with hydrocele/ hernia and cryptorchidism: implications regarding testicular descent Congenital deformities of the testis and epididymis Signifi cance of epididymal and ductal anomalies associated with undescended testis Insulin- like factor 3 gene mutations in testicular dysgenesis syndrome: clinical and functional characterization Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: possible role of endocrine disrupters Ethnic differences in occurrence of TDS-genetics and/or environment? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | A chance association? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | A male with XXYY chromosomes Do the 48 XXYY males have a characteristic phenotype? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | A separate type of motor neuron disease? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | A study including data of 1,335 consecutive boys who underwent testicular biopsy simultaneously with surgery for cryptorchidism Experience of screening for carcinoma- in- situ of the testis among young men with surgically corrected maldescended testes Distribution of carcinoma- in- situ in testes from infertile men Carcinoma- in- situ of the testis: aneuploid cells in semen Cryptorchidism and testicular neoplasia Testicular microlithiasis: sonographic features with pathologic correlation Testicular microlithiasis in a child with torsion of the appendix testis Testicular microlithiasis occurring in a postorchidopexy testis Microcalcifi cations in testicular malignancy: diagnostic tool in occult tumor? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Cause or effect? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Glandular changes in the rete testis: metastatic tumour or adenomatous hyperplasia? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Is bilateral congenital anorchia genetically determined? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Late presentation of cryptorchidism: The etiology of testicular re- ascent Ascent of the testis: fact or fi ction Incomplete disappearance of the processus vaginalis as a cause of ascending testis Undescended testis: congenital or acquired? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Spontaneous ascent of the testis Acquired undescended testis Does proximal genitofemoral nerve division induce testicular maldescent or ascent in the rat? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | The interval of development of testicular carcinoma in a patient with previously demonstrated testicular microlithiasis Surveillance of testicular microlithiasis? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | The vanishing testis Is the vanished testis always a scrotal event? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Ultrastructural and meiotic segregation study Lack of acrosome formation in mice lacking a Golgi protein Human infertility due to production of multiple- tailed References spermatozoa with excessive amounts of DNA Multi- tailed spermatozoa in a case with asthenospermia and teratospermia Human spermatozoa with large heads and multiple fl agella: a quantitative ultrastructural study of 6 cases Chromosomal analysis of spermatozoa with normal- sized heads in two infertile patients with macrocephalic sperm head syndrome Crater defect in human spermatozoa Ultrastructural study of human binucleate spermatids Ultrastructural abnormalities of human spermatozoa Cytoplasmic droplets: the good, the bad or just confusing? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | Wilms'tumor development Nephrogenic rests in Wilms'tumor patients with the Drash syndrome Frasier syndrome, part of the Denys Drash continuum or simply a WT1 gene associated disorder of intersex and nephropathy? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | a generalized or a cell typespecifi c phenomenon? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | clinical signifi cance of resistive index values of the testicular artery measured by Doppler ultrasound as a predictor of testicular histology Testicular function in men treated in childhood for undescended testes Histologic lesions in undescended ectopic obstructed testes Is a testis located at the superfi cial inguinal pouch( Denis Browne pouch) comparable to a true cryptorchid testis? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | forme degradée de cryptorchidie? |
| cord-028721-x6f26ahr | it really a normal variant? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | : The war to seize the genes Shiji Zhi Zhang: Jiyin Qian Duo Zhan[ war of the century: The war to seize the genes Asthma gene discovered Cultural boundaries of science: Credibility on the line Common genetic variation and human traits Just one child: Science and policy in Deng's China Gene war of the century? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | As war is invariably a continuation of politics by other means, what was the politics behind it? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | But what is it? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | Did these precious genetic resources actually exist? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | How Harvard University exploited rural Chinese villagers for their DNA Appellate Court weighs'obvious'patents Genetic risk prediction- are we there yet? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | How did this''war''end? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | If a person strikes a deal with a drug company, or acts simply out of genuine altruism, and is willing to give away his blood sample, does the state have the right to intervene? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | If so, would such intervention infringe on the donor's human rights? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | If the state does have the right to intervene, where can we draw the line? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | The Harvard case of Xu Xiping: Exploitation of the people, scientific advance, or genetic theft? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | What constitutes a genetic resource, then? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | What constitutes a genetic resource? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | What happened after the conflict? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | What happened to the people who were embroiled in the''war''? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | What was at stake? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | Who was the most likely beneficiary of the gene- hunting endeavor? |
| cord-280691-nzc8ir0n | Who were the winners and losers, if there were any in the first place? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | , What is the role of Ministry of Health? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | Are antibiotics against which the strain is resistant inducing the changes in bacterial proteome? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | Can YKL-40 be an inflammatory biomarker in vitamin D deficiency? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | Hemolysis and test rejection: are we following a reliable process? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | His- flag tag as a fusion partner in insect expression systemgain or loss? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | How does different lead levels affect TSH, FT3, FT4, vitamin B12 and folate? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | How preeclampsia affects oxidant status and antiinflammatory potential of breast milk? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | Is this strain characterized by other differences on a proteome level? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | It was intended to shed light on some questions such as, what is the place and importance of IVD in Turkey? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | MRM transitions used were m/ z? 250/164 for 8-iso- PGF 2a and m/ z? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | MRM transitions used were m/ z? 250/164 for 8-iso- PGF 2a and m/ z? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | Medical and biological illustrations for life sciences education: Is'a picture worth a thousand words'in visualizing medicine and science? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | P-04.01.1- 006 Host- pathogen interactions: is there a relationship between TLR 4 polymorphisms and tuberculosis in a group of Turkish patients? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | P-05.01.1- 015 Does causes 1800 MHz magnetic field application KRAS and P53 mutations in colon?: |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | P-09.04.4- 108 Is there any relation between 50 g oral glucose challenge test and serum total oxidant- antioxidant status in pregnant woman? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | What are the responsibilities of educational institutions? |
| cord-022940-atbjwpo5 | What is extra to learn from protein drying measurements? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | & What is the chance of seeing a block of high G+C nucleotides shorter than 5000? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | ( e.g., is it likely for a block of high G+C to follow a block of low G+C?). |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | 13.17? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | Do any of them have similar profiles? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | Furthermore, how does one select the scores for matches, mismatches, and indels? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How does one determine which of the 129 possibilities is best? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How large( or small) must the ratio be to say that the expression levels are really different?'' |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How long would it take to find the best alignment of two 1000 bp sequences by exhaustive search? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How many chromosomes does it have? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How many genes does it have? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How many mammalian genomes have been completely sequenced? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How many matches to that oligonucleotide would one expect to find in the human genome? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How many possible proteins could be formed by a gene region containing four exons? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | How might this fact be used in gene finding algorithms? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | If each of the 13 SSR markers used by the FBI for identification purposes has 20 equally frequent alleles, what is the chance that two randomly chosen individuals have the same collection of alleles at those 13 markers? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | If one of these synonymous codons is energetically more efficient for the organism to use, what effect would that have on the organism's genome content? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | If the quantities are measured at the level of entire exons( e.g., did the algorithm correctly predict the location of the entire exon or not?), the values drop to around 70%. |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | Phrased differently, would a ratio near 0.27 for spot 4 be likely if the experiment were repeated? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | The expression levels for two genes measured at four times are: implication of the correlation coefficient? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | This database makes it possible to take a query sequence and, for each of the 7500 families and their associated profile HMMs, ask the question,''Is the query sequence a member of this gene family?'' |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What are possible advantages and disadvantages of introns? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What are they? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What does the result tell you about zinc finger genes? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What is the chance that a 20-nucleotide oligonucleotide matches a sequence other than the one it was designed to match? |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What is the length of the Drosphila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase gene? 9. |
| cord-264746-gfn312aa | What is the size of the Anopheles gambiae genome? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | ( Symposium arranged with EFWISG) S460 MRSA in food products: cause for concern or case for complacency? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | And are we gaining or losing? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | And the equally valid question: to what extent does biological science benefit from study of fungi that are opportunistic pathogens? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Are we aware? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Are we in command? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Clinical microbiology − is outsourcing the way to go? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Do the efflux pump inhibitors reserpine and verapamil reduce the mutation frequency? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Do we have a choice? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Do we know where we are going? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Do we recognise a driving force other than money? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Does efflux phenotype impose a fitness cost? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Emerging infections: can we cope with them? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Furthermore, is there a pathophysiological impact of viral replication in individuals with CIHHV-6? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | If you do n't look for them, you wo n't find them: anaerobes revisited S481 Anaerobic microbiota of the mouth − friend or foe? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Is it good, bad or just plain necessary? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | MRSA screening − will we ever agree? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | O391 Throwing caution to the winds? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | PBP 3 − SOS response? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Patient management: the era of rapid diagnostic results( Symposium organised by Cepheid) S161 Will community MRSA and Clostridium difficile change infection control in hospitals? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | S485 Is culture still the gold standard, really? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | Should we oppose or cooperate? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | So, it is unclear how the transcription and translation of viral genes is influenced? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | The( r)evolution of clinical microbiology in Europe − is it good or bad? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | To what extent do patients benefit from translation of basic research into tools for clinical management? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | What about Europe? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | What is driving the evolution? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | or gyrA QRDR mutation frequencies than efflux negative isolates? |
| cord-009664-kb9fnbgy | which antifungal treatment for which patient? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | /ml undergoing radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | : What's new?]. |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | A natural question arises:''Which is the significance of another set, now arbitrarily chosen to be also of the same cardinality( i.e 44 genes) with the complementary behavioural pattern?''We have now listed all the probes according to Diff. |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | A thermodynamic interpretation of malignancy: do the genes come later? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | After observing that Figure 14 shows a correlation of Gleason pattern score with Normalized Shannon Entropy, we asked ourselves:'which are the genes that most positively and negatively correlate with the transitions of Normalized Shannon Entropy?' |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Another natural question can be asked: Which is the extra information that we can obtain the by analysing the correlations with the MPR- Statistical Complexity in this case? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Can Entropy and''order''increase together? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Can Shannon Entropy increase while the Normalized Shannon Entropy decrease?'' |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Can we quantify the chaos observed in the genome from the increasingly available transcriptional data and relate it to tumour progression?'' |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Could changes of key physical parameters for metabolic processes of the cytoplasm and cell's organelles like temperature, volume, pH or electrochemical potentials be also implicated in cancer progression? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Could it be possible that we can track cancer progression by looking at some of these''Maxwell demons''? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Could this be another hallmark for oncosystems indentification? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Does a similar pattern of aquaporin downregulation exist in prostate cancer? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | However, in a manuscript entitled''Can Entropy and'order'increase together?'' |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | In a letter to Peter Guthrie Tait, Maxwell writes about the''demons'':''Is the production of an inequality of temperature their only occupation? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Is aquaporin-3 just a glycerol transporter Physiological roles of glyceroltransporting aquaporins: the aquaglyceroporins A role for mitochondrial aquaporins in cellular life- and- death decisions? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Multifunctional proteins or just regulators of desmosomal adhesion? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Multivariate gene expression analysis reveals functional connectivity changes between normal/ tumoral prostates PSA response signatures-a powerful new prognostic indicator after radiation for prostate cancer? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Osteopontin expression correlates with melanoma invasion Osteopontin in melanocytic lesions- a first step towards invasion? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Possible immunoprotective and angiogenesis- promoting roles for malignant cell- derived prostasomes: a new paradigm for prostatic cancer? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Reactive oxygen species: a breath of life or death? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | The rate of lymph node invasion( LNI) in men with PSA values less than 10 ng/ ml Pelvic lymph node irradiation for prostate cancer: who, why, and when? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | The story of the discovery of aquaporins: convergent evolution of ideas- but who got there first? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | This poses the question: What can we observe while looking at the genes that most positively correlate with the loss of Normalized Shannon Entropy? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | What are the consequences if cancer cells are a different type of open system which also operates at a different temperature than a normal cell? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | What consequences is this''system''delivering? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | What do we learn from molecular dynamics simulations? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | What really prevents proton transport through aquaporin? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Which key mechanisms might be impaired? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Which types of mechanisms exist in biological systems, and particularly in individual cells, to control these differential values in key parameters? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | Why is it the case that we observe the Normalized Shannon Entropy of the transcriptional profile decreasing with cancer progression when intuitively our average expected surprisal( Shannon Entropy) should increase with progression? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | implications for Dunnigan- type familial partial lipodystrophy A- type lamins: guardians of the soma? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | nonclassic CCAAT enhancer element binding protein binding site contributes to alpha- methylacyl- CoA racemase expression in prostate cancer Sequence variants of alpha- methylacyl- CoA racemase are associated with prostate cancer risk How often does alphamethylacyl- CoA- racemase contribute to resolving an atypical diagnosis on prostate needle biopsy beyond that provided by basal cell markers? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | nuclear mRNA export is coupled to ongoing gene transcription Splicing speckles are not reservoirs of RNA polymerase II, but contain an inactive form, phosphorylated on serine2 residues of the C- terminal domain Regulating gene expression through RNA nuclear retention P54nrb forms a heterodimer with PSP1 that localizes to paraspeckles in an RNA- dependent manner Dynamics of the mammalian nucleus: can microscopic movements help us to understand our genes? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | relationship to melanocyte and keratinocyte carcinogenesis Contribution of p53, p63, and p73 to the developmental diseases and cancer and p63: why do we still need them? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | the possibility of exporting entropy'', could it lead to some type of''genetic alterations''? |
| cord-000248-zueoyesj | tumors Plakoglobin is required for effective intermediate filament anchorage to desmosomes Plakophilins- hard work in the desmosome, recreation in the nucleus? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | ,, 2005? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | A subset of human immunodefi ciency virus type 1 long- term nonprogressors is characterized by the unique presence of ancestral sequences in the viral population Does common architecture reveal a viral lineage spanning all three domains of life? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Accordingly, when contemplating the amazing complexity of the P1 immunity and how it evolved, Yarmolinsky posed the question;"Could the byzantine complexity of the controls at ImmI be the outcome, not of successive host- parasite accommodations, but of competition among related phages?" |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Also, how do we defi ne information content or integrity of a consortia? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Can cooperation( or consortia behavior) result from any of these models? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Can this be considered an example of symbiosis in the accepted sense? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Could the adaptation to a host- specifi c persistence- based basal life strategy provide some explanations for the evolution of the higher fi delity RNA replicase of these coronaviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | DNA Viral eukaryogenesis: was the ancestor of the nucleus a complex DNA virus? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Did the need and selection for a larger genome override the use of error to generate adaptability as seen in poliovirus and HIV-1? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Does such a distributed pattern of evolution and gene novelty also apply to the phycodnaviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Here a virus, there a virus, everywhere the same virus? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How can genetic complexity be created in such a circumstance? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How do we defi ne such fi tness since the mixture clearly matters? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How does MHV attain such stable and prevalent persistence in natural population yet retain the ability to cause disease in naive populations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How generally important is this poliovirus in vivo quasispecies result? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How important are viruses in general to evolutionary biology? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How is information stability and higher fi tness attained with such errors? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How might such selection operate in natural populations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How might we explain the increased fi delity and genome size of the nidoviruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | How then do we link poxvirus evolution to other more ancient DNA viruses, such as PBCV-1 which has the same DNA replication mechanism, but distinct replication proteins? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If so, what selective pressures might have changed this seemingly basic feature? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If so, why is it that in sheep a distinctly different lineage of retrovirus( enJSRV) was also selected to provide a related placental function to a another mammal with signifi cantly different placental reproductive biology? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | If we can accept the above conclusion concerning the role for viruses in the evolution of prokaryotes, we must then ask why such a successful evolutionary strategy was not apparently maintained in eukaryotes? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Is there any evidence that this result with poliovirus indeed represents a general virus- host evolutionary relationship in natural settings? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Protein repertoire of double- stranded DNA bacteriophages Characterization of the primary immunity region of the Escherichia coli linear plasmid prophage N15 Parvovirus variation for disease: a difference with RNA viruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Was there some change in viral adaptation in which quasispecies and generation of mixtures was no longer as important for adaptation? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Was this ERVL colonization of relevance to the ancient co- speciation of simian foamy virus and their primate host( Switzer et al., 2005)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What could be more fascinating than a green sea slug- an animal that can use light for photosynthesis? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What do we know about the natural biology of these viruses, which might provide some insight into this? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What does structure tell us about virus evolution? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What exactly was the relevance of HERV endogenization to human survival and adaptations? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What is the fi tness consequence to the colony harboring MHV relative to its uninfected neighbor? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What maintains the MHV fi tness of natural persistence? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What then is the evolutionary relationship that links all of these seemingly distinct viruses? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What then is the fi tness and evolutionary consequence to E. coli harboring P1? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | What was the role for SIV in the evolution of primate MHC( Vogel et al., 1999)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why is this relationship stable? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why should prokaryotes and eukaryotes differ is such a fundamental way? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | Why? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | human and chimpanzee MHC I( Watkins, 1995; Kulski et al., 1999)? |
| cord-264884-ydkigome | tailed DNA bacteriophages Do viruses form lineages across different domains of life? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | ( For replication- selective vectors, what is the molecular basis of the selectivity and the conditions under which the vector would replicate?) |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are alternative methods of selection available? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are data available evaluating the genetic stability of the recombinant vector? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are data available evaluating the potential for genetic recombination with other organisms in the patient or in the environment? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are the biological features of the vector, and its transgene when applicable, clearly similar in the animal species used for safety studies and in the human, at least as far as this can be ascertained? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are there any safety issues connected with the production, purification, and/or handling of the product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are there issues of formulation that must be resolved? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Are there reproducible assays for the product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Can successive batches of the material be made reproducibly in the quantity to support clinical development, and how is this known? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Do you have any information regarding the estimated costs of this production project? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Does the construct contain an antibiotic resistance gene or other selectable marker? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Does the vector have an altered cell tropism? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | For example, are the safety issues primarily related to the vector, the transgene product, the method of administration, the formulation/ excipient, or some combination of the above? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | For example, would there be an advantage to performing the studies in rodents when larger numbers of animals might be more practical, or is there a necessity for a large animal model, such as a canine or nonhuman primate? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Has a source of funding been identified for performing the clinical trial with this product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Has this construct been sequenced? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Has this material been produced in a related or other production system? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Has this material ever been produced for laboratory or clinical studies using this production system? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Have there been any meetings scheduled with regulatory agencies, such as a pre- IND meeting with the FDA or a presentation to the NIH RAC? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Have you identified any possible sources of production with any commercial firms? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | How does one know that a lot of product is qualified for use? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | How does this scale to anticipated quantities for clinical trial? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | How might existing published or unpublished nonclinical or clinical data address the questions mentioned above? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | How much material is available as a reference standard? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | How will the presence and distribution of the gene therapy agent be followed in the patient? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | If nonhuman primate studies are proposed, is it clear that another large animal or rodent model would not provide the same information? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | If not, is there a qualified cell line available for propagation of this vector? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | If you have had a pre- IND or RAC meeting, were any issues concerning manufacturing, safety, or stability raised that will have an impact on producing your product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | In broad strokes, these involve approaches to answering the following questions: Is the identity of the agent clearly defined? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | In what form( lyophilized, formulated product, and so on) and fill size is the desired final product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is material available as bulk biological substance for preliminary pharmacology and toxicology studies? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is the organism currently grown in a qualified cGMP cell line? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is the vector replication competent or replication defective? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is there a cGMP- qualified virus seed bank? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is there a danger of producing directly( as the therapeutic agent itself) or indirectly( through recombination and/or replication) an infectious agent that acts horizontally in the population or vertically across generations? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Is toxicity after repeated doses of agent likely to be attenuated or magnified by immunological response to the agent? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Some of the questions that should be answered by preclinical pharmacology/ toxicology studies are the following( 43): What is the relationship of the dose to the biologic activity? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Was the cell line genetically modified to support this vector? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What are the consequences of long- term presence of the therapeutic agent in the recipient? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What are to be the release criteria for the product? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What dose is likely to be required for therapeutic effect? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is known about the product stability with respect to physical integrity and activity? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the average yield of the production system before and after purification? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the desired final product formulation? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the effect of altered tropism on anticipated host toxicity? 6. |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the largest amount of material that you have produced in your laboratory in a single production batch? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the relationship of the dose to the toxicity? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What is the status of the product(s) regarding intellectual property issues? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What level of gene expression or replication is necessary to attain a therapeutic effect? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | What risks can be identified for the clinical trial? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | When toxicity occurs because of the agent, what is the evidence the toxicity will be reversible? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Who will sponsor the IND for the proposed study? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Why was the proposed selection chosen? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | Would there be any utility in a genetically deficient model, and would this deficient model be more relevant to the proposed study either because of the potential for adverse immunologic consequences or because of the biological effects in the deficient condition? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | and/or rates of reversion to either wild- type or alternate viral genomes? |
| cord-017208-7oew461e | and/or toxicity? |