bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram	frequency
saudi arabia	1136
middle east	411
respiratory syndrome	389
east respiratory	354
syndrome coronavirus	296
public health	147
dromedary camels	109
cov infection	108
gcc countries	107
respiratory tract	94
control measures	91
health literacy	90
dental caries	89
infection control	89
social distancing	83
risk factors	80
acute respiratory	78
world health	63
health organization	63
healthcare workers	61
infectious diseases	59
health care	54
respiratory viruses	51
novel coronavirus	51
mers coronavirus	50
cryptosporidium infection	49
infectious disease	48
saudi arabian	45
knowledge transfer	44
coronavirus infection	42
tract infections	42
doc id	41
cord uid	41
arabian peninsula	41
sectional study	39
contact network	38
oral health	38
respiratory infections	38
human metapneumovirus	38
rift valley	37
coronavirus disease	35
south korea	34
valley fever	34
cryptosporidium oocysts	34
per cent	33
hajj pilgrims	33
human transmission	33
mers cases	33
lower respiratory	33
mass gatherings	32
influenza virus	32
secondary cases	31
previous studies	31
cov infections	31
antimicrobial stewardship	30
mers patients	30
healthcare professionals	30
total number	30
sample size	29
severe acute	29
cov cases	29
hemorrhagic fever	29
present study	28
respiratory illness	28
upper respiratory	28
respiratory symptoms	28
virus infection	27
survival rates	27
infected cases	27
united states	26
systematic review	26
incubation period	26
hajj specimens	26
dental students	26
infections among	26
cases reported	26
disease control	25
school children	25
direct contact	25
current study	25
preventive measures	24
confirmed cases	24
human bocavirus	24
confirmed mers	24
united arab	24
arab emirates	24
saudi moh	24
fever virus	24
another study	23
educational programs	23
general population	23
saudi ministry	23
age groups	23
hajj pilgrimage	23
infected individuals	23
virtual classrooms	22
tertiary care	22
respiratory syncytial	22
syncytial virus	22
zika virus	22
age group	22
higher risk	21
zoonotic diseases	21
human coronavirus	21
among pilgrims	21
moh hospitals	21
health education	21
primary mers	21
agile adoption	20
fatality rate	20
wind speed	20
high prevalence	20
study conducted	20
school closures	20
data collection	20
influenza viruses	20
among children	20
mobile app	20
human cases	19
made available	19
toward covid	19
author funder	19
adr reporting	19
one study	19
cov incidence	19
saudi population	19
copyright holder	19
nursing practice	19
mosque closures	19
version posted	19
primary school	19
care workers	19
infected patients	19
granted medrxiv	19
first case	18
zoonotic infections	18
saudi government	18
informed consent	18
hospitalized patients	18
dromedary camel	18
mortality rate	18
severe respiratory	18
hajj season	18
associated factors	18
odds ratios	18
clinical features	18
viral diseases	17
zoonotic pathogens	17
camelus dromedarius	17
factors associated	17
app development	17
international license	17
case definition	17
drinking water	17
epidemiological data	17
logistic regression	17
negative perception	17
west nile	17
primary cases	17
healthcare worker	17
infection rate	17
towards covid	16
qassim region	16
cov transmission	16
retrospective study	16
zoonotic disease	16
asp adoption	16
active cases	16
corona virus	16
water resources	16
global health	16
cov outbreak	16
eastern region	16
respiratory distress	16
significantly higher	16
risk assessment	16
saudi hospitals	16
infection among	16
cooperation council	16
high level	16
flight shutdowns	16
knowledge score	16
among hcws	16
psychological impact	16
intestinal parasites	15
patients infected	15
polymerase chain	15
cryptosporidium spp	15
arabia using	15
among healthcare	15
young children	15
zoonotic viral	15
clinical characteristics	15
authors declare	15
health information	15
intensive care	15
odds ratio	15
respiratory disease	15
human infection	15
statistically significant	15
distance learning	15
chain reaction	15
high risk	15
mers outbreak	15
epidemic curve	15
review board	15
gulf cooperation	15
family members	14
may also	14
previous study	14
cov educational	14
close contact	14
socioeconomic factors	14
tested positive	14
developing countries	14
nile virus	14
study period	14
caries experience	14
reverse transcription	14
regression analysis	14
cohort study	14
hospital outbreak	14
spike protein	14
swab specimens	14
publicly available	14
healthcare facilities	14
avian influenza	14
food handlers	14
control practices	14
individual factors	14
viral respiratory	14
available data	14
results showed	14
income countries	14
middle eastern	14
significant differences	13
socioeconomic status	13
swimming pools	13
concern score	13
significant difference	13
dietary habits	13
coronavirus infections	13
recent study	13
institutional review	13
western region	13
knowledge scores	13
new cases	13
assessment methods	13
highest number	13
breast feeding	13
wide range	13
mass gathering	13
confirmed case	13
dengue fever	13
two nodes	13
significant improvement	13
confidence interval	13
respiratory specimens	13
flavored milk	12
symptom onset	12
saudi nationals	12
french pilgrims	12
infl uenza	12
study showed	12
ethics committee	12
hospital pharmacists	12
mediterranean region	12
nasal swab	12
table shows	12
healthcare system	12
hospitalized children	12
viral infections	12
including saudi	12
feeding practices	12
bottled water	12
positive attitudes	12
total cases	12
study aimed	12
labour force	12
neutralizing antibodies	12
study also	12
care unit	12
population growth	12
education level	12
time pcr	12
respiratory samples	12
supplementary material	12
public awareness	12
day survival	12
respiratory infection	12
health security	12
significantly associated	12
healthcare settings	12
infection prevention	12
high concern	12
nursing profession	12
sporadic cases	12
cov antibodies	12
cov patients	11
hong kong	11
king khalid	11
closely related	11
daily cases	11
mers outbreaks	11
environmental conditions	11
gulf region	11
among primary	11
among patients	11
among saudi	11
animal species	11
important role	11
centrality metrics	11
distress syndrome	11
positive cases	11
several studies	11
saudi individuals	11
student satisfaction	11
climate change	11
respiratory diseases	11
large numbers	11
care settings	11
arabia middle	11
parasitic infections	11
zoonotic infection	11
negative perceptions	11
medrxiv preprint	11
human coronaviruses	11
eastern mediterranean	11
years old	11
disease characteristics	11
air pollution	11
saudi vision	11
case fatality	11
among people	11
severe disease	11
disease transmission	10
mean knowledge	10
research center	10
net migration	10
causative agent	10
adverse drug	10
million pilgrims	10
riyadh elm	10
perceived effectiveness	10
contact patterns	10
streptococcus pneumoniae	10
standard deviation	10
healthcare facility	10
care providers	10
study aims	10
communicable diseases	10
positive samples	10
mers cov	10
network centrality	10
time reverse	10
pcr assay	10
samples collected	10
general public	10
pharmacy education	10
khalid university	10
transmission dynamics	10
emergency room	10
qualitative study	10
high rate	10
elm university	10
clinical presentation	10
two cases	10
marital status	10
virus infections	10
arabia prevalence	10
influenza pandemic	10
social media	10
global burden	10
mental health	10
posted june	10
emerging infectious	10
online questionnaire	10
remote teaching	10
eff orts	10
molecular epidemiology	10
clinical symptoms	10
categorical variables	10
epidemic dynamics	10
saudi authorities	10
factors influencing	10
risk domains	10
different countries	10
first confirmed	10
viral shedding	10
statistical analyses	10
lockdown period	10
literacy among	10
network analysis	10
prevalence rate	10
disease outbreak	10
future dynamics	10
cases per	10
practices towards	10
team members	9
camel milk	9
escherichia coli	9
home countries	9
awareness level	9
clinical data	9
among participants	9
proposed model	9
mers case	9
health status	9
alkhurma hemorrhagic	9
first study	9
sectional survey	9
public knowledge	9
statistical analysis	9
gcc states	9
study participants	9
kumbh mela	9
foodborne outbreaks	9
less likely	9
health issues	9
percentage increase	9
posted may	9
healthcare providers	9
among hospitalized	9
arabia date	9
intestinal parasitic	9
viral rna	9
current situation	9
zoonotic transmission	9
precautionary measures	9
large number	9
results suggest	9
aged years	9
risk factor	9
cryptosporidium infections	9
spatiotemporal clusters	9
primary healthcare	9
laboratory confirmation	9
wadi addawasir	9
actual curve	9
respiratory pathogens	9
soft drinks	9
competing interests	9
swab samples	9
serological study	9
riyadh province	9
sir model	9
infected camels	9
among dental	9
ehealth literacy	9
network generation	9
viral disease	9
learning outcomes	9
child feeding	9
pharmacy students	9
simulation model	9
diabetes mellitus	9
contact relationships	9
total population	9
drug reactions	9
health services	9
maximum percentage	9
family cluster	9
viral pathogens	9
cluster analysis	9
among individuals	8
respiratory droplets	8
eff ects	8
health authorities	8
imported food	8
several countries	8
aedes aegypti	8
literacy dimensions	8
epidemic curves	8
stone curlews	8
mean absolute	8
dumat aljundal	8
king abdulaziz	8
genetic diversity	8
total score	8
water supply	8
faculty members	8
will help	8
adjusted odds	8
clinical signs	8
infect dis	8
fresh fruits	8
northern borders	8
relative humidity	8
eigenvector centrality	8
low income	8
information technology	8
older age	8
seasonal influenza	8
percentage error	8
alcoholic steatohepatitis	8
assessed using	8
highly contagious	8
antimicrobial prescribing	8
pediatric patients	8
epidemic model	8
performed using	8
gastrointestinal infections	8
rabies virus	8
council countries	8
expatriate workers	8
novel human	8
reported cases	8
critically ill	8
genome sequence	8
weather conditions	8
absolute percentage	8
king saud	8
north africa	8
complete genome	8
health risks	8
cov rna	8
childhood caries	8
least two	8
health behavior	8
within saudi	8
water treatment	8
medical conditions	8
neighboring countries	8
care hospital	8
aseer region	8
medical care	8
control study	8
among different	8
virus transmission	8
demographic characteristics	8
response rate	8
throat swab	8
data regarding	8
anxiety among	8
health emergency	8
control strategies	8
million people	8
literacy scale	8
gcc region	8
healthcare centers	8
confidence intervals	8
caries among	8
reported data	8
control participants	8
participants whose	8
also found	8
index case	8
first time	8
study population	7
acute kidney	7
model parameters	7
whose post	7
hmpv infection	7
practice social	7
respiratory failure	7
many countries	7
virus disease	7
severe depression	7
less experienced	7
communicable disease	7
high mortality	7
compartmental models	7
bluetongue virus	7
coronavirus middle	7
intervention participants	7
generalized anxiety	7
degree centrality	7
course learning	7
dhf infection	7
pilgrims returning	7
higher awareness	7
times higher	7
infected animals	7
mosquito bites	7
cov among	7
program management	7
hbv vaccination	7
study included	7
metapneumovirus infection	7
infectious virus	7
cases among	7
comprehensive review	7
healthcare services	7
transmission routes	7
awareness among	7
abu dhabi	7
point likert	7
like protease	7
peste des	7
human populations	7
united kingdom	7
concern among	7
hmpv infections	7
day mortality	7
alternative assessment	7
tract infection	7
risk groups	7
asp strategy	7
crossover design	7
household contacts	7
management teams	7
riyadh region	7
days later	7
main source	7
camel contact	7
observational study	7
protective eyewear	7
may explain	7
domestic animals	7
targeted questionnaire	7
des petits	7
care facilities	7
safe practices	7
viral infection	7
may increase	7
least one	7
contact tracing	7
desalinated water	7
educational level	7
health problems	7
among iranian	7
emerging zoonotic	7
among hajj	7
recovered cases	7
data used	7
anxiety disorder	7
pandemic influenza	7
experienced hcws	7
th century	7
environmental factors	7
saudi children	7
parasitic diseases	7
camel products	7
respiratory virus	7
first reported	7
decision making	7
increased risk	7
viral zoonotic	7
knowledge level	7
ethics approval	7
cross sectional	7
pharmaceutical education	7
patients admitted	7
agile software	7
old male	7
domestic livestock	7
software development	7
factors among	7
may include	7
patients suspected	7
diagnostic methods	7
disease dynamics	7
arabia knowledge	7
case reports	7
inclusion criteria	7
mers infection	7
concern scores	7
food safety	7
binding domain	7
nursing transformation	7
nasal carriage	7
developed countries	7
saharan africa	7
attitude toward	7
teaching strategies	7
tertiary hospital	7
mers coronaviruses	7
asp team	7
early childhood	7
two groups	7
bronchial asthma	6
significant risk	6
younger age	6
march th	6
infection risk	6
first cases	6
clinical outcomes	6
health promotion	6
symptomatic cases	6
using spss	6
also reported	6
per day	6
respiratory viral	6
conducted among	6
syndromic surveillance	6
contracting covid	6
year students	6
arabia saudi	6
saudi residents	6
indirect contact	6
older adults	6
software organisations	6
factors include	6
work experience	6
antimicrobial use	6
pregnant women	6
intervention group	6
regarding mers	6
health implications	6
mortality rates	6
genetic characterization	6
emerging respiratory	6
three days	6
standard precautions	6
pandemic infl	6
using real	6
incidence rate	6
health behaviors	6
among male	6
per year	6
future research	6
literature review	6
feel safe	6
among health	6
published studies	6
results show	6
ground water	6
nosocomial transmission	6
cov spike	6
febrile illness	6
descriptive study	6
meningococcal disease	6
cryptosporidium species	6
university hospital	6
lower knowledge	6
old man	6
every year	6
study reported	6
good practices	6
conducted using	6
studies reported	6
methods used	6
practicing social	6
arab world	6
water quality	6
predominantly associated	6
health system	6
showed higher	6
vicugna pacos	6
patient health	6
domestic flight	6
frequent consumption	6
alternative methods	6
showed significant	6
new coronavirus	6
different zoonotic	6
near future	6
patient care	6
hospital managers	6
highest rate	6
hour curfew	6
administrative regions	6
pharmacy colleges	6
dis doi	6
petits ruminants	6
key role	6
weight loss	6
southwestern saudi	6
health diplomacy	6
several limitations	6
practices among	6
general authority	6
medical city	6
reliable source	6
positive attitude	6
comparative study	6
fatty liver	6
animal contact	6
dental health	6
genomic rna	6
days prior	6
dipeptidyl peptidase	6
outbreak size	6
children human	6
parasitic infection	6
infection rates	6
drug resistance	6
staphylococcus aureus	6
model results	6
eastern respiratory	6
major control	6
gastrointestinal symptoms	6
analysis revealed	6
congo hemorrhagic	6
phylogenetic analysis	6
arabia reported	6
regarding covid	6
cov virus	6
male hcws	6
diseases among	6
cov infected	6
king abdullah	6
monoclonal antibodies	6
influenza vaccine	6
different groups	6
acute gastroenteritis	6
superspreading event	6
global public	6
education programs	6
seasonal variation	6
cov activity	6
foodborne diseases	6
based model	6
major cities	6
study demonstrated	6
mortality risk	6
compartment epidemiology	6
age years	6
study found	6
arabian gulf	6
asymptomatic transmission	6
may help	6
higher mortality	6
underlying medical	6
represent contact	6
secondary acquisition	6
kidney injury	6
livestock trade	6
health questionnaire	6
elderly people	6
death rate	6
knowledge management	6
study using	6
scan statistic	6
diarrhoeal diseases	6
new york	6
strongly significant	6
higher levels	6
makkah city	6
study design	6
wuhan city	6
including age	6
laboratory testing	6
health interventions	6
information seeking	6
spatial scan	6
net migrants	6
camelpox virus	6
emergency remote	6
likely high	6
children aged	6
contact networks	6
primary care	6
final model	6
disease spread	6
high levels	6
mean score	6
particulate matter	6
emerging diseases	6
underlying conditions	6
abdulaziz university	6
will also	6
riyadh city	6
missing data	6
adverse effects	6
labour market	6
significantly different	6
pcr methods	6
virus isolation	6
coronavirus antibodies	6
clinical manifestations	6
randomly selected	6
protozoan parasites	6
contingency strategy	6
breast milk	6
acute lower	6
children hospitalized	6
south asians	6
cell lines	6
target population	5
multiple vaccination	5
severe diarrhoea	5
countries including	5
major role	5
attitudes towards	5
healthcare sector	5
educational program	5
study sample	5
major risk	5
annual spatiotemporal	5
zoonotic cases	5
purely spatial	5
herd immunity	5
human mers	5
reported mers	5
practices toward	5
including deaths	5
high fatality	5
risk mers	5
primary health	5
model fit	5
suspected case	5
health workers	5
intrafamilial transmission	5
pandemic risk	5
heart failure	5
abdullah international	5
severe anxiety	5
real time	5
novel recombinant	5
many students	5
corresponding author	5
genome analysis	5
edges represent	5
heart disease	5
medical records	5
sex distribution	5
saudi mobile	5
bacteria among	5
may provide	5
health outcomes	5
liver disease	5
epidemic will	5
renal failure	5
genome sequences	5
likert scale	5
million infected	5
travel medicine	5
epidemic models	5
daily infections	5
among chinese	5
positive patients	5
adult patients	5
dust storms	5
cov information	5
private sector	5
rvf virus	5
molecular analysis	5
patients presenting	5
six gcc	5
research questions	5
saudi health	5
mortality among	5
human rhinovirus	5
rabies cases	5
saud university	5
many people	5
powdered milk	5
one third	5
similar findings	5
several important	5
ill patients	5
prospective cohort	5
geographical regions	5
work environment	5
significant barrier	5
rank test	5
medical research	5
work status	5
subtype family	5
haemorrhagic fever	5
key associated	5
control measure	5
international airport	5
cell culture	5
camel sera	5
research methods	5
investigation middle	5
alternative activities	5
severe covid	5
rhesus macaques	5
week follow	5
international concern	5
negative impact	5
congo haemorrhagic	5
nonhealthcare workers	5
suspected cases	5
water samples	5
sars outbreak	5
iranian pilgrims	5
east countries	5
highly pathogenic	5
safety measures	5
significant association	5
social edges	5
implementing antimicrobial	5
spatiotemporal clustering	5
dhf virus	5
migration data	5
electronic supplementary	5
hospital admissions	5
even though	5
research will	5
prediction model	5
pseudoparticle virus	5
public sector	5
determine whether	5
many cases	5
significant impact	5
application development	5
pcr assays	5
transcription polymerase	5
disease outbreaks	5
assays reveal	5
health affairs	5
illness onset	5
primary human	5
coronavirus associated	5
good oral	5
written informed	5
higher concern	5
cases identified	5
densely populated	5
left home	5
median age	5
mecca pilgrimage	5
illness caused	5
care center	5
human infections	5
fatal disease	5
widely used	5
gulf countries	5
clinical cases	5
low visibility	5
child oral	5
seasonal cluster	5
become infected	5
distributed among	5
confirmed covid	5
research studies	5
descriptive genomic	5
identify potential	5
specific education	5
mouse model	5
nursing shortage	5
water sources	5
surveillance systems	5
american camelids	5
outbreak news	5
international medical	5
positively associated	5
animal bites	5
educational intervention	5
ethical approval	5
community structure	5
variables selected	5
compliance rates	5
study date	5
king faisal	5
based cross	5
largest outbreak	5
common cold	5
survival rate	5
type diabetes	5
hmpv antigens	5
genomic study	5
human respiratory	5
participating hospitals	5
strongly agree	5
cov outbreaks	5
previous findings	5
data collected	5
hand washing	5
data analysis	5
protective measures	5
clinical trials	5
outbreak investigation	5
mean age	5
resistant bacteria	5
livestock species	5
case report	5
epidemiological studies	5
two thirds	5
basic infection	5
coronavirus replication	5
three years	5
epidemiological modeling	5
key factors	5
gastrointestinal diseases	5
arabian ministry	5
low socioeconomic	5
naturally infected	5
tract samples	5
primary schools	5
random edges	5
coronavirus outbreak	5
literature update	5
blood pressure	5
using microneutralisation	5
acute viral	5
betweenness centrality	5
cov case	5
reference category	5
disease prevention	5
practices scores	5
different species	5
spatiotemporal cluster	5
learning tools	5
camels mers	5
mg medicine	5
first imported	5
economic recession	5
migration flows	5
health problem	5
close proximity	5
food poisoning	5
limited number	5
animal model	5
income groups	5
linked immunosorbent	5
congestive heart	5
low prevalence	5
previously published	5
urgent need	5
strongly disagree	5
umrah season	5
symptomatic treatment	5
social contact	5
major public	5
different environmental	5
hospital outbreaks	5
four major	5
signed rank	5
south american	5
measures among	5
dengue virus	5
eastern countries	5
data showed	5
single patient	5
east africa	5
coronavirus using	5
prevalent among	5
influencing agile	5
administered questionnaire	5
student representatives	5
magnet hospitals	5
reproduction number	5
measures employed	5
old children	5
supportive care	5
recent outbreak	5
saudi context	5
health response	5
monthly income	5
infection occurred	5
spike gene	5
superspreading events	5
internet connection	5
final manuscript	5
statistical significance	5
node pairs	5
day lags	5
human rabies	5
severe pneumonia	5
taibah university	5
south asia	5
dental coverage	5
old saudi	5
circulating influenza	5
different scenarios	5
sex ratio	5
medical history	5
secondary clusters	5
mixed feeding	5
antimicrobial resistance	5
camel exposures	5
care worker	5
patients aged	5
less frequently	4
pull factors	4
different regions	4
group included	4
control practitioners	4
neutralizing antibody	4
employed control	4
medical workers	4
neutralization assays	4
main sources	4
children oral	4
three main	4
quality control	4
transmission rate	4
table presents	4
detected mers	4
common marmoset	4
medical insurance	4
approximately half	4
calculated using	4
data exchange	4
short period	4
dental clinics	4
identified based	4
significant effect	4
two weeks	4
rate increased	4
unadjusted odds	4
direct fluorescent	4
pilot study	4
maximum wind	4
exact tests	4
exclusion criteria	4
people attending	4
direct patient	4
olympic winter	4
infected dromedary	4
identify factors	4
care system	4
climatic conditions	4
significance level	4
generation model	4
independent variables	4
minimum wind	4
recognized symptoms	4
simulated curve	4
arab gulf	4
mobile application	4
participants reported	4
recently reported	4
studies support	4
emerging disease	4
practice toward	4
returning hajj	4
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population dynamics	3
probability proportional	3
disease prediction	3
network structure	3
kidney disease	3
fit test	3
causes severe	3
important cases	3
respiratory cryptosporidiosis	3
occupational exposure	3
date suggest	3
surrogate outcomes	3
remains unclear	3
person contact	3
natural reservoir	3
conventional pcr	3
hospital staff	3
university research	3
clinical students	3
laboratory confirmed	3
will decrease	3
online exams	3
old camel	3
six measures	3
systematic analysis	3
geographical areas	3
single cities	3
case days	3
getting infected	3
saudi nationality	3
mosquito bite	3
us centers	3
camels antibodies	3
mgs include	3
patients hospitalized	3
empirical study	3
pilgrims coming	3
caries compared	3
virus spread	3
case control	3
respiratory pathogen	3
educational interventions	3
fold higher	3
moderate level	3
scientific concepts	3
patients included	3
res public	3
household members	3
massive crowds	3
million muslims	3
common viral	3
peak represents	3
cov clusters	3
major outbreaks	3
gulf corporation	3
individuals aged	3
six days	3
arabia risk	3
national health	3
air festivals	3
dental schools	3
mosquito vectors	3
among students	3
assess perception	3
various risk	3
respiratory tracts	3
medicine international	3