Distant Reader - journal-jAmMedDirAssoc-cord

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-30 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader cord process, and the input was the result of a query applied to a local mirror of CORD, a data set of scholarly articles on the topic of COVID-19. The actual query was: facet_journal:"J Am Med Dir Assoc". The results of this query were saved in a cache and transformed into a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 43 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 22,879 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 1,634 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 58. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

covid, care, nursing, residents, home, patients, health, older, homes, long, staff, term, testing, study, infection, respiratory, among, family, pandemic, resident, mortality, sars, may, cov, disease, adults, risk, social, facility, positive, clinical, hospital, acute, asymptomatic, one, facilities, life, severe, age, time, symptoms, hospitalization, support, associated, also, visitors, use, quality, data, tested

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Finding the Right Balance: An Evidence-Informed Guidance Document to Support the Re-Opening of Canadian Nursing Homes to Family Caregivers and Visitors during the COVID-19 Pandemic, Nursing Home Design and COVID-19: Balancing Infection Control, Quality of Life, and Resilience, and Recommendations for Welcoming Back Nursing Home Visitors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Delphi Panel.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

nursing home, nursing homes, term care, older adults, home residents, family caregivers, health care, care facilities, assoc doi, cord uid, doc id, med dir, dir assoc, infection control, older people, skilled nursing, tested positive, mechanical ventilation, acute respiratory, social isolation, coronavirus disease, nursing facility, systematic review, mental health, acute care, severe acute, respiratory panel, family members, cohort study, public health, intensive care, respiratory virus, older adult, pmv patients, assisted living, frail older, functional status, care homes, social distancing, functional decline, increased risk, personal protective, infection prevention, home care, united states, care facility, protective equipment, following hospitalization, new york, care settings

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Nursing Home Design and COVID-19: Balancing Infection Control, Quality of Life, and Resilience Recommendations for Welcoming Back Nursing Home Visitors during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of a Delphi Panel, and Nursing Home Residents Face Severe Functional Limitation or Death After Hospitalization for Pneumonia.

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

covid-19, sars, care, resident, old, ltc, home, test, social, respiratory, patient, nursing, ultrasound, thailand, telemedicine, quality, ppe, pmv, pct, paltc, nurse, new, netherlands, mds, ltcf, ltac, italy, health, family, covid, cfs, arb, age, acei

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be covid, and Evaluating the effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown on long-term care residents’ mental health: a data driven approach in New Brunswick is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

care, covid, nursing - Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation: Symptomatology, Well-Being, and Attitudes to Life
covid, residents, testing - Frailty and mortality in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19: retrospective observational study
nursing, care, residents - Nursing Home Design and COVID-19: Balancing Infection Control, Quality of Life, and Resilience
respiratory, patients, older - Combining Procalcitonin and Rapid Multiplex Respiratory Virus Testing for Antibiotic Stewardship in Older Adult Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Infection
snf, snfs, centered - Policy Recommendations regarding Skilled Nursing Facility Management of COVID-19: Lessons From New York State

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

care, residents, nursing, home, patients, homes, staff, health, study, term, infection, testing, mortality, family, pandemic, resident, risk, adults, disease, hospital, age, time, life, hospitalization, facility, visitors, facilities, data, symptoms, pneumonia, quality, results, people, outcomes, ventilation, participants, caregivers, test, use, community, years, days, support, visits, telemedicine, cohort, cases, isolation, virus, settings

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

included, used, providing, tested, increase, associated, basing, follows, making, reported, identified, needed, allowed, consider, hospitalized, support, remaining, treating, requires, receiving, compared, visit, show, related, reduced, live, dying, assess, improve, evaluated, covid-19, nursing, take, defined, collected, suggesting, developed, described, care, limited, aging, maintain, regarding, known, help, give, experiencing, confirmed, working, recovered

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

COVID-19, SARS, CoV-2, Care, Nursing, PPE, Health, Long, J, •, PMV, PCR, Term, LTC, Home, Coronavirus, Med, Assoc, Dir, Am, New, Disease, PCT, March, ED, sha, Homes, Facility, ACEI, Italy, ADL, RT, NH, CFS, Medicare, MDS, Pandemic, LTAC, Table, Control, CMS, ARB, COVID, Family, Services, April, Medicaid, Centers, U.S., States

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

we, their, our, they, it, them, i, its, you, her, your, themselves, my, his, us, he, one, itself, yourself, she, me

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

older, respiratory, long, covid-19, social, acute, clinical, asymptomatic, severe, positive, medical, many, functional, physical, viral, high, chronic, rapid, local, negative, key, important, higher, available, significant, first, elderly, resident, critical, cognitive, geriatric, frail, essential, mental, antibiotic, potential, mechanical, appropriate, similar, public, new, diagnostic, current, systematic, personal, infectious, possible, patient, low, common

also, well, however, prior, significantly, even, often, previously, particularly, long, still, currently, especially, now, therefore, less, potentially, instead, already, typically, respectively, rather, furthermore, frequently, first, safely, rapidly, outside, directly, back, approximately, alone, additionally, longer, indeed, soon, similarly, severely, recently, primarily, largely, home, together, relatively, otherwise, least, fully, daily, critically, always

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.