bigram

This is a table of type bigram and their frequencies. Use it to search & browse the list to learn more about your study carrel.

bigram frequency
coronavirus disease99
acute respiratory90
novel coronavirus74
respiratory syndrome72
clinical characteristics60
intensive care54
severe acute50
syndrome coronavirus44
eur respir43
risk factors43
doc id43
cord uid43
respiratory distress40
clinical features39
air pollution38
critically ill36
cohort study34
newborn babies34
distress syndrome33
severe covid32
care unit30
respiratory failure30
ill patients29
hospitalized patients29
middle east28
mechanical ventilation28
east respiratory28
patients infected27
prognostic models26
chest ct26
hospital admission25
clinical course24
cancer patients23
clinical outcomes23
health care23
nasal cannula22
central hospital22
clinical trials22
systematic review21
copd patients21
oxygen saturation20
among patients20
affiliated hospital19
computed tomography19
net benefit19
pulmonary aspergillosis18
increased risk17
may also17
national health17
clinical deterioration17
flow nasal16
lung cancer16
epithelial cells16
retrospective cohort16
carbon monoxide15
least one15
chronic obstructive15
obstructive pulmonary15
clinical practice15
respiratory tract15
pulmonary disease15
world health14
case series14
confirmed cases14
converting enzyme14
factors associated14
pulmonary function14
composite endpoints14
cov infection13
china clinical13
health commission13
health organization13
ct scans13
severe illness13
severe cases13
invasive ventilation13
previous studies12
pulmonary embolism12
chest imaging12
medical university12
infected patients12
nucleic acid12
disease severity12
study clinical12
lung injury12
patients admitted12
sample size12
univariable predictors12
high risk11
noninvasive ventilation11
respiratory compliance11
health service11
coronavirus pneumonia11
infectious disease11
critical care11
confirmed covid11
first affiliated11
infected pneumonia10
upper respiratory10
available data10
united states10
respiratory support10
dispersion distance10
asthmatic patients10
healthcare workers10
icu patients10
machine learning10
severe disease10
public health10
hospitalised patients10
room air10
swab robot10
clinical trial10
hubei province10
severe pneumonia10
present study10
mortality rate10
chest radiographs10
airway pressure10
respiratory rate10
prototype ventilator10
patients received10
median age10
positive airway10
observational study10
ct scan10
alveolar volume9
clinical data9
smoking status9
risk factor9
confidence interval9
thrombotic risk9
patients without9
randomised controlled9
lower respiratory9
care workers9
continuous positive9
invasive pulmonary9
infectious diseases9
lymphocyte ratio9
retrospective study9
tested positive9
nccid will8
ct findings8
described previously8
pao fio8
descriptive study8
respiratory infections8
bench test8
test datasets8
associated pulmonary8
prospective cohort8
respiratory diseases8
medical device8
external validation8
traditional chinese8
social distancing8
adult inpatients8
early warning8
nationwide analysis8
diffusion capacity8
baseline characteristics8
acute pulmonary8
lung function8
tb burden8
patients receiving8
hospital stay7
pharyngeal swab7
adjuvant chemotherapy7
venturi mask7
clinical management7
thoracic imaging7
one comorbidity7
many patients7
diagnostic yield7
swab specimens7
thoracic society7
may help7
wuhan clinical7
asthma exacerbation7
cystic fibrosis7
body temperature7
care units7
source hardware7
last accessed7
patients hospitalized7
chinese medicine7
observational cohort7
pressure support7
two patients7
critical illness7
tract swabs7
adult patients7
hospital mortality7
regression model7
warning score7
viral infections7
positive patients7
receiver operating7
date last7
limit time7
oxygen therapy7
glass opacity7
controlled trials7
supplementary table7
nasopharyngeal swabs7
prognostic model7
right lung7
univariable predictor7
negative swabs7
feature selection7
reactive protein7
thrombotic events7
risk assessment7
negative upper7
candidate model7
coronary heart7
serum gm7
study population7
candidate prognostic7
multicenter study7
operating characteristic7
igg igm7
preliminary report7
standard deviation6
poor clinical6
lung disease6
ventilated patients6
intrauterine transmission6
regression models6
altitude pulmonary6
cov replication6
three patients6
decision curve6
time horizons6
systemic corticosteroids6
informed consent6
bioaerosols generated6
patients treated6
polymerase chain6
lactate dehydrogenase6
fio ratio6
european respiratory6
hospitalised covid6
laboratory results6
acute lung6
individual patients6
treatment strategies6
low risk6
lung compliance6
tb cases6
chain reaction6
discriminating univariable6
tb deaths6
coronavirus infections6
future studies6
small airway6
health services6
acquired pneumonia6
coronavirus infection6
mechanical ventilators6
chronic respiratory6
imported cases6
prediction model6
alveolar epithelial6
diffusing capacity6
open source6
mortality among6
different phenotypes6
viral infection6
radiological characteristics6
patient population6
breathing discomfort6
interquartile range6
sore throat6
venous thromboembolism6
active tuberculosis6
patients may6
lombardy region6
retrospective case6
new york6
pcr covid6
first study6
clinical manifestations6
original intended6
mechanically ventilated6
hospital staff6
current smoking6
cardiovascular diseases6
endothelial cells6
british society6
candidate models6
radiological suspicion6
imaging data6
recovery trial6
social contacts6
monoxide uptake6
critical cases6
online supplement6
northern italy6
limited fov6
aerosol dispersion6
total number6
lesion range6
median time5
heart disease5
prediction models5
significant difference5
ace expression5
emergency department5
one study5
model performance5
endothelial cell5
living systematic5
china epidemiological5
study showed5
cftr modulators5
disease courses5
recent reports5
calculated using5
logistic regression5
faulty triggering5
medical college5
patient management5
two groups5
healthcare systems5
thrombotic complications5
ct imaging5
hazards ratio5
two cases5
angiotensin ii5
interim guidance5
age groups5
among hospitalised5
adverse outcome5
generating procedures5
medical treatment5
consecutive patients5
transmission potential5
ng ml5
invasive mechanical5
better understand5
model based5
laboratory findings5
commercially available5
glass opacities5
reduced mers5
iga responses5
clinical presentation5
ill adults5
mean age5
inflammatory response5
time horizon5
years old5
potential risk5
ct features5
index model5
composite endpoint5
coronavirus sars5
one case5
commercial device5
bal gm5
inflammatory cytokines5
best model5
human lung5
severe hypoxaemia5
bilevel pressure5
flow oxygen5
day mortality5
pneumonia caused5
neonatal infections5
multivariable prediction5
severe patients5
ventilatory support5
clinical outcome5
inhaled corticosteroids5
one patient5
fungal co5
rheumatoid arthritis5
potential impact5
risk score5
treated cells5
experienced progression5
immune response5
suspected covid5
controlled trial5
saudi arabia5
mortality rates5
ct value5
initially igg5
general population5
nasopharyngeal swab5
income countries5
organ systems5
moderate cases5
cytokine storm5
hospitalized covid5
dedicated respiratory5
patient age5
severity risk5
janus kinase5
significantly lower5
characteristic curve5
york city5
icu intensive5
admission oxygen5
curve analysis5
respiratory viruses5
test results5
routine clinical5
nrs outside5
invasive aspergillosis5
expiratory pressures5
corticosteroid use5
underwent bronchoscopy5
median follow5
palliative chemotherapy5
icu admission5
primary outcome5
different respiratory5
organ failure5
blood pressure5
respiratory disease5
acid detection5
human coronavirus5
term outcomes5
recently published5
viral endocytosis4
csa treatment4
pneumonia associated4
pneumonia severity4
disease progression4
tissue factor4
concordantly negative4
disease clinical4
line chemotherapy4
cigarette use4
posterior pharyngeal4
delivery systems4
prospective study4
older patients4
bronchoalveolar lavage4
patients using4
cell lung4
patients outside4
respiratory monitoring4
high mortality4
mass index4
study date4
airborne precautions4
significantly reduced4
smoking prevalence4
pulmonary vascular4
became igg4
extracellular traps4
influenza infection4
ers ats4
creative commons4
compassionate use4
adverse events4
first cohort4
energy ct4
risk stratification4
severe complications4
second affiliated4
airway epithelia4
nine hospitals4
widely used4
medical devices4
viral titers4
pulmonary rehabilitation4
care admission4
high doses4
may improve4
pressure waveform4
done using4
multiple organ4
relatively low4
venous thromboembolic4
success rate4
adaptive trial4
severe coronavirus4
clinical utility4
attribution non4
may increase4
learning model4
acute hypoxemic4
body mass4
hfnc flow4
cox proportional4
required intensive4
every weeks4
cell entry4
ards subphenotypes4
inspiratory pressures4
asthma exacerbations4
data collection4
consensus statement4
personal protective4
jaki may4
chest radiographic4
nasal oxygen4
missing data4
negative nasopharyngeal4
commons attribution4
clinical research4
arterial oxygen4
practice guidelines4
swab quality4
alveolar capillary4
vertical transmission4
psi scoring4
authors declare4
typical acute4
tidal volumes4
blood vessels4
performed using4
results suggest4
innate immune4
adverse outcomes4
active tb4
cyclophilin inhibitors4
commercial ventilator4
fov group4
incubation period4
new zealand4
icu resources4
detection rate4
increased susceptibility4
nasal mask4
clinical observations4
transparent reporting4
south africa4
case fatality4
multiple imputation4
worse outcomes4
min oxygen4
inflammatory effects4
dni order4
oxygen inhalation4
older age4
cox regression4
prognostic performance4
breathing pattern4
first covid4
gas exchange4
tb diagnosis4
common comorbidities4
impaired diffusion4
organ dysfunction4
national early4
cumulative incidence4
commercial licence4
health concern4
artificial intelligence4
patients presented4
infection control4
disease outcomes4
protective equipment4
exclude covid4
staff contamination4
ct values4
ground glass4
three newborn4
airway epithelial4
lopinavir ritonavir4
mild cases4
preventive strategies4
fatality rates4
pandemic influenza4
cov infections4
oxygen supplementation4
electronic health4
obstructive restrictive4
hypoxemic respiratory4
np swabs4
wide range4
clinical decision4
social isolation4
relatively short4
clinical use4
loaded breathing4
common abnormality4
virus transmission4
healthy volunteers4
submitted work4
soft palate4
pharyngeal wall4
cardiovascular comorbidities4
pulmonary oedema4
study design4
generated shorter4
arterial blood4
range score4
global health4
lung tissue4
respiratory infection4
improve outcomes4
associated acute4
intended outcome4
proportional hazards4
control measures4
aerosol generating4
selected patients4
bronchial epithelial4
pulmonary angiography4
consider delaying4
pcr test4
blood gas4
mg kg4
poorer clinical4
clinically relevant4
patients across4
will help4
five test4
respiratory journal4
consider giving4
patients recovered4
electronic nicotine4
neutrophil extracellular4
threshold probabilities4
alveolar damage4
may lead4
swab sampling4
licence key3
small airways3
severe group3
erj ref3
oxygen administration3
adverse reactions3
developing severe3
weight heparin3
possible benefits3
hospital deterioration3
patient ratio3
capillary leak3
turned moderate3
population size3
copd chronic3
interventions necessary3
american thoracic3
cases accounted3
ethics committee3
protein kinase3
main causes3
direct comparison3
scoring systems3
dear editor3
sars coronavirus3
contact rates3
respiratory system3
kinase inhibitors3
noninvasive respiratory3
oropharyngeal swabs3
asymptomatic infection3
many studies3
required hospitalisation3
continuous variables3
previously confirmed3
negative patients3
assisted ventilation3
support ventilator3
healthy individuals3
time frame3
performance characteristics3
five days3
short term3
staff involved3
current pandemic3
methods results3
written informed3
clinical risk3
study protocol3
different severities3
outbreak dynamics3
chronic health3
establish risk3
prior covid3
existing literature3
mortality risk3
study covid3
spike protein3
patients according3
preliminary screening3
us study3
seattle region3
current study3
familial cluster3
bench study3
wide spectrum3
suspected infection3
virus infection3
family cluster3
global burden3
region covid3
institutional review3
covid patients3
also lead3
hazards regression3
county hospital3
data access3
sampling force3
serious adverse3
service availability3
diseases hospital3
final diagnosis3
critical icu3
ct scanners3
pollution research3
unwell patients3
within hours3
imaging features3
time reverse3
alternative diagnosis3
contracting covid3
statistical significance3
potential harm3
two cohorts3
important role3
hong kong3
suggestive ct3
british thoracic3
respiratory unit3
auroc area3
never smokers3
symptom onset3
host factors3
relatively small3
validation dataset3
air changes3
receptor type3
recent study3
high flow3
pulmonary compliance3
nicotine delivery3
identify patients3
well known3
stage patients3
large proportion3
pulmonary thrombosis3
decreased alveolar3
per minute3
disease course3
false negative3
signaling pathways3
roc curve3
annals swabs3
clinical implementation3
gas flow3
decision support3
outside wuhan3
expert panel3
oral cs3
international concern3
evenly distributed3
disease patients3
suspected cases3
throughput sequencing3
human bronchial3
smoke dispersion3
sepsis campaign3
chest wall3
pulmonary fibrosis3
care systems3
data analysis3
infection may3
disease onset3
high peep3
related genes3
either individual3
randomized controlled3
patients present3
health status3
tb health3
partial pressure3
chained equations3
clinical phenotypes3
higher risk3
clinical complications3
interferon regulatory3
march th3
regression analyses3
ct images3
patients remain3
disease epidemiology3
data capture3
patients showed3
eleven patients3
ct semantic3
viral rna3
previous negative3
lung epithelial3
much less3
health evaluation3
retrospective analysis3
diffuse alveolar3
hospitalized cases3
united kingdom3
abnormal pulmonary3
first time3
chest radiography3
categorical variables3
march st3
control study3
may vary3
positive end3
pulmonary emboli3
retrospective review3
reverse transcriptase3
combination model3
cell foci3
global tuberculosis3
models evaluated3
using bootstrapping3
ventilator prototype3
included models3
important limitations3
individual patient3
may cause3
build non3
rare diseases3
direct evidence3
radiographic assessment3
trial visits3
intrauterine vertical3
clinic visits3
service disruption3
free replication3
good enough3
pooled prevalence3
rare disease3
respiratory covid3
cancer care3
nonbreather mask3
developed countries3
oxygen flow3
single comorbidity3
month follow3
male gender3
op swab3
like illness3
airway epithelium3
clinical application3
sleep apnea3
reproduction number3
small cohort3
every day3
statistical analyses3
age distribution3
significant comorbidity3
hospital clinical3
less likely3
discharged patients3
pathological findings3
external population3
case study3
hypercapnic acute3
disease duration3
xiangyang central3
using machine3
physical distancing3
asthmatic controls3
primary human3
viral respiratory3
epidemiological characteristics3
benefit ratio3
increased thrombotic3
sick patients3
patient stratification3
ffp masks3
tomography imaging3
pandemic date3
randomised clinical3
commonly used3
semantic features3
patients died3
preliminary analysis3
intelligent oropharyngeal3
jak inhibitors3
normal breathing3
longer disease3
chinese cities3
population density3
greater net3
cytotoxic chemotherapy3
hospitalized asthmatics3
infection prevention3
receiving nrs3
humoral immune3
study found3
breathing difficulty3
positive sars3
normally distributed3
two newborn3
improves outcome3
may explain3
population smoking3
higher levels3
main outcomes3
total flow3
patients experienced3
ppiase activity3
disease date3
five cohorts3
different ages3
function test3
indicating person3
immunocompromised patients3
individual prognosis3
breaths min3
tracheal aspirate3
obstructive atelectasis3
antiviral activity3
determined based3
early experience3
recovered covid3
medical technology3
health records3
respiratory treatments3
tertiary hospitals3
diagnostic accuracy3
among hospitalized3
aerosol particle3
recently reported3
best performing3
scientific evidence3
previous study3
several limitations3
early stage3
also found3
premature phenotyping3
cisplatin etoposide3
risk associated3
statistically significant3
covid pandemic3
lung edema3
patients included3
scientific community3
odds ratio3
human alveolar3
kidney injury3
places needed3
significant differences3
model discrimination3
characterisation protocol3
liver function3
erroneous treatment3
imaging database3
potentially useful3
unclear whether3
reference hospital3
develop severe3
hospital discharge3
will include3
disease control3
host factor3
type natriuretic3
cesarean section3
normal compliance3
risk groups3
microvascular thrombosis3
corona virus3
cell infection3
pressure devices3
control group3
collected data3
platelet count3
three different3
average range3
berlin definition3
breathing frequencies3
exact test3
conventional nasal3
critically unwell3
profound hypoxaemia3
coronavirus indicating3
person transmission3
membrane oxygenation3
joint mission3
three negative3
included patients3
increased production3
aspergillus antigen3
personal fees3
using hfno3
pulmonary edema3
different levels3
calibration parameters3
way anova3
hypoxic vasoconstriction3
surviving sepsis3
higher proportion3
elderly patients3
patients required3
viral clearance3
deceased patients3
intended endpoint3
dose reduction3
clinical characterisation3
peripheral blood3
clinical information3
diabetes mellitus3
viral pneumonia3
thromboembolic events3
taking ics3
oxygen supply3
patient simulator3
low dose3
clinical care3
potential benefit3
left lung3
requiring hospital3
positive result3
ct pulmonary3
respiratory symptoms3
secretory iga3
reduced alveolar3
model linear3
cov propagation3
national covid3
care system3
specimen collection3
acute physiology3
great interest3
clinical symptoms3
among covid3
ternary complex3
competing interests3
extra care3
limited settings3
prognostic scores3
deep learning3
including patients3
computer algorithms3
ex novo3
patients requiring3
retrospective studies3
gene expression3
function tests3
critical appraisal3
confounding factors3
elderly covid3
medical image3
fatality rate3
general hospital3
ci confidence3
current smokers3
high proportion3
airway resistance3
limited number3
developed specifically3
ards acute3
study group3
respiratory mechanics3
gina step3
image analysis3
expiratory pressure3
may result3
two studies3
without cancer3
disease pneumonia3
severe influenza3
deaths occurring3
still lacking3
requiring admission3
myocardial infarction3
hidden link3
cigarette vapour3
autonomous regions3
medical records3
age range3
lung volume3
myocardial injury3
endothelial injury3
less severe3
positive results3
risk prediction3
altitude disease3
bal culture3
less common3
serum iga3
personalised approach3
data indicate3
severely ill3
studies describing3
either deterioration3
nccid data3
new coronavirus3
severity index3
european countries3
significantly increased3
hardware description3
pregnant women3
data points3
bal sampling3
china joint3
close contact3
healthy subjects3
modelling approaches3
spike glycoprotein2
high oxygen2
strongest predictor2
burn devices2
cholinergic system2
impeding cellular2
respiratory wards2
tidal volume2
study using2
haemorrhagic alveolar2
six patients2
combined covid2
models truly2
restrictive loads2
five hospitals2
currently unknown2
natriuretic peptide2
take body2
health systems2
specific models2
internal validation2
vaping may2
considered three2
model minus2
hpn ovgo2
major comorbidities2
outbreak associated2
via upregulation2
plasminogen activator2
requiring oxygen2
severe sepsis2
classic ards2
pulmonary blood2
imaging research2
hospital departments2
predicting mortality2
metrics derived2
helmet cpap2
reaction assay2
signaling events2
endoscopic procedures2
proportional hazard2
median body2
mrna levels2
physicians worldwide2
pandemic testing2
pneumonia tended2
university paris2
intensive unit2
open holes2
respiratory ward2
may suffer2
discovery populations2
one may2
management strategy2
high plasma2
systemic iga2
four times2
distance decreased2
ventilation may2
discomfort scoring2
fibrosis patients2
prone position2
five patients2
putting aside2
treatment subgroups2
growth rate2
tb outcomes2
using niv2
previous reports2
singapore clinical2
exhaled air2
tobacco survey2
airway inflammation2
oral administration2
early prediction2
college london2
ii receptor2
tb incidence2
induced iga2
may well2
side effects2
tb lesions2
predominantly spread2
coronavirus outbreak2
capillary pressure2
sb kgu2
american association2
data extraction2
data used2
ardsnet protocol2
babies days2
terminal kinase2
separate cohorts2
area prevalence2
pemetrexed maintenance2
ii score2
using noninvasive2
acute high2
withdrawal controversy2
intended leak2
china acute2
disease outbreak2
current guidelines2
system inhibitors2
low proportion2
help identify2
demonstrated consistently2
confer damaging2
case detection2
death among2
dose oral2
old woman2
distributed learning2
aspergillosis complicating2
creatine kinase2
quantitative ct2
showed greater2
support strategies2
ct scanning2
comprehensive searching2
reasonable discrimination2
poorer prognosis2
excluding patients2
coronavirus cases2
clinical findings2
corticosteroid therapy2
expert consensus2
mild pneumonia2
january st2
infected calu2
two different2
low pressures2
animal experiments2
data will2
data show2
corporeal membrane2
authors observed2
sdstnm i2
different types2
global interest2
greater disease2
palliative setting2
voluntary subjects2
prophylactic use2
study period2
model included2
multinational registry2
antimicrobial prescribing2
emerging infection2
rapid spread2
mothers right2
province autonomous2
models developed2
patients compared2
validation study2
severe human2
alvar agusti2
influenza virus2
near normal2
reduced cell2
effective treatments2
respiratory imaging2
low respiratory2
also showed2
require hospitalisation2
pulmonary embolisms2
cov titers2
may still2
th may2
study area2
studies mentioned2
high affinity2
human airway2
vary among2
patients hospitalised2
csa induced2
recent years2
findings suggest2
scientific rigor2
following data2
burden countries2
respiratory care2
ai models2
sometimes beyond2
emerging infectious2
short half2
strongly suggest2
single center2
cpap niv2
wider problem2
individual phenotypes2
go fast2
acute pe2
urgent life2
paper published2
actual meaning2
study aimed2
smoke used2
training dataset2
infectious particle2
proinflammatory cytokine2
temporal trend2
enforced reallocation2
evaluated performance2
data collected2
altitude areas2
life saving2
severe critical2
clinics reported2
patients already2
shenzhen hospital2
remote monitoring2
clot thickens2
study risk2
endocrine comorbidities2
current validation2
years vs2
ohso hl2
personal protection2
vascular injury2
woman treated2
feasibility study2
clinical dynamics2
human serum2
median arterial2
important issues2
omalizumab therapy2
systems across2
model intercept2
toronto area2
therapeutic interventions2
probability scores2
reported previously2
cell lines2
patients reached2
blood lymphocytes2
requiring invasive2
class i2
scientific debate2
per deciliter2
research teams2
proper fit2
ventilator provided2
district hospital2
rarely encountered2
outbreak size2
recommend vigilance2
confirmed case2
patient may2
cost device2
offering diagnostic2
chest tightness2
reasonable scientific2
clinical microbiology2
age may2
clinical phenotyping2
limited data2
conductance regulator2
trial sites2
imbalanced learning2
disruption effects2
inform clinical2
arterial partial2
standard deviations2
patient falls2
outbreak response2
technical information2
sample sizes2
pivotal regulator2
patients remained2
respiratory load2
medical resources2
variable pharmacodynamics2
vpap st2
access committee2
far enough2
cytokines simultaneously2
prevent use2
severely affected2
will collect2
research letter2
mainly confined2
replacing intravenous2
single centre2
exhaled smoke2
earlier stage2
next pandemic2
plateau phase2
information may2
written consent2
dimer levels2
via different2
early stages2
agent responsible2
prospective monocentric2
strategies https2
unknown whether2
good fov2
nrs modes2
outcome measures2
therapeutic options2
novel illness2
asthma controller2
related mortality2
carry exhaled2
yei ifs2
draw attention2
may exert2
might confer2
including ground2
equally important2
trials evaluating2
cannula size2
outcome probability2
hypoxic pulmonary2
publicly available2
tract infections2
nitric oxide2
th covid2
isolation crucial2
heavier clinical2
transmission occurs2
markedly restricts2
care management2
illness among2
considered statistically2
italian reference2
closely monitored2
admission data2
will acquire2
interstitial thickening2
potentially increased2
test conditions2
particle release2
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