Distant Reader - author-burtonHenry-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 26 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,024,035 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 39,385 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 91. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, faith, christ, church, will, may, one, man, gods, hee, yet, now, saith, shall, grace, haue, doe, vs, say, vpon, true, bee, word, also, good, men, onely, first, lord, must, wee, scripture, therefore, many, doth, much, things, holy, truth, selfe, day, without, vnto, though, king, rome, time, owne, himselfe, non

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The Christians bulvvarke, against Satans battery. Or, The doctrine of iustification so plainely and pithily layd out in the severall maine branches of it as the fruits thereof may be to the faithfull, as so many preservatives against the poysonous heresies and prevailing iniquities of these last times. By H.B. pastor of S. Mathevvs Friday-street., Truth''s triumph ouer Trent: or, the great gulfe betweene Sion and Babylon That is, the vnreconcileable opposition betweene the Apostolicke Church of Christ, and the apostate synagogue of Antichrist, in the maine and fundamentall doctrine of iustification, for which the Church of England Christs spouse, hath iustly, through Gods mercie, for these manie yeares, according to Christs voyce, separated her selfe from Babylon, with whom from henceforth she must hold no communion. By H.B. rector of S. Mathews Friday-Street., and A replie to a relation, of the conference between William Laude and Mr. Fisher the Jesuite. By a witnesse of Jesus Christ.

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

iesus christ, holy ghost, gods word, lords day, true church, vnto vs, present church, let vs, roman non, iustifying faith, sauing faith, much lesse, gods grace, apostle saith, gods people, catholicke church, english books, early english, saith hee, sabbath day, may bee, lord iesus, generall councel, inherent righteousnesse, true faith, books online, eternall life, wee haue, tell us, wee may, will say, set downe, set forth, catholicke faith, augustine saith, christs righteousnesse, gods elect, good workes, must needs, good pleasure, saint augustine, hee saith, holy scriptures, man may, euery one, new testament, meane time, hee will, formall cause, wee know

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Vindiciæ veritatis: truth vindicated against calumny. In a briefe answer to Dr. Bastwicks two late books, entituled, Independency not Gods ordinance, with the second part, styled the postscript, &c. / By Henry Burton, one of his quondam-fellow-sufferers. A narration of the life of Mr. Henry Burton. Wherein is set forth the various and remarkable passages thereof, his sufferings, supports, comforts, and deliverances. Now published for the benefit of all those that either doe or may suffer for the cause of Christ. According to a copy written with his owne hand., and Conformitie''s deformity. In a dialogue between conformity, and conscience. Wherein the main head of all the controversies in these times, concerning church-government, is asserted and maintained; as without which, all reformation is headlesse, and all reconciliation hopelesse. Dedicated by Henry Burton, to the honour of Jesus Christ, as the first-fruits of his late recovery from death to life; as a testimony of his humble and thankfull acknowledgement of so great a mercy: and published for the service of all those, that love the Lord Jesus Christ in sincerity ....

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

church, god, christ, lord, gods, law, kingdome, england, tcp, scripture, religion, king, apostle, roman, pope, grace, word, trent, scriptures, lords, iesus, government, gospell, father, court, councell, churches, christian, state, spirit, saints, sacraments, rome, paul, man, holy, ghost, faith, doctrine, booke, augustine, vega, temple, st., soto, sonne, sauiour, sabbath, rom, repentance

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The humble petitions of Mr. Burton and Dr. Bastwicke presented to the honovrable the knights, citizens, and burgesses of the Commons House of Parliament. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

faith, man, grace, men, word, things, scripture, day, time, truth, hee, life, people, selfe, iustification, ▪, way, words, power, place, saith, world, hath, reason, heart, cause, thing, part, doth, workes, name, nothing, righteousnesse, will, hand, sinne, none, death, scriptures, body, vpon, soule, glory, himselfe, religion, light, doctrine, nature, church, feare

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, was, have, were, being, say, had, did, made, let, make, see, said, come, bee, know, haue, take, according, set, put, called, doe, do, hath, done, been, iustified, beleeue, bring, call, am, saying, taken, found, vnto, doth, speake, vpon, fall, tell, give, concerning, makes, came, saith, seeing, stand

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, christ, church, 〉, gods, ◊, 〈, faith, lord, c., doe, hath, wee, rome, king, hee, england, ●, christs, thou, haue, yea, bee, est, holy, iesus, law, owne, pope, vega, apostle, councell, lords, de, mans, prelates, kingdome, augustine, gospell, israel, word, catholicke, spirit, vs, righteousnesse, father, st., l., doctrine, churches

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, his, they, you, he, i, their, your, them, our, we, him, my, me, her, us, thy, she, themselves, its, thee, vp, himself, yours, ours, theirs, mine, one, ye, vnto, whereof, ‡, yee, ''s, non, trye, elias, severall, ourselves, hers, ●, tollit, testimonie, reconciliatione, quae, hee, augustine, yourselves, yonger, yf

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

such, other, true, good, many, same, great, more, whole, first, saith, least, much, holy, very, present, full, own, little, second, new, free, like, false, common, dead, particular, non, last, old, most, wicked, best, sufficient, haue, high, former, better, proper, necessary, roman, able, himselfe, sure, greater, ancient, inherent, -, sacred, strong

not, so, then, now, also, onely, therefore, more, here, thus, most, yet, out, as, up, first, well, much, very, rather, there, too, away, vs, before, only, never, even, all, forth, together, in, ever, no, still, indeed, that, is, once, else, otherwise, surely, vpon, off, especially, thereof, secondly, therein, altogether, namely

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.