V PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 
 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 XIII. 
 
 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 
 
 IN IPSWICH 
 
 BY JESSE FEWKES 
 
 AND 
 
 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES 
 
 BY 
 
 T. FRANK WATERS 
 
 PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 
 
 December 7, 1903. 
 
 Salem tPress: 
 Tdu Salsm FR£es Oo., Salem, Mabb, 
 1904. 
 
J 
 
Mi l 1 1 " ,-L 
 
PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 
 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY. ' 
 XIII. 
 
 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 
 
 IN IPSWICH 
 
 BY JESSE FEWKES 
 
 AND 
 
 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES 
 
 BY 
 
 T. FRANK WATERS 
 
 PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 
 
 December 7. 1903. 
 
 Salem tPreee : 
 The Salbh Press Co., Salem, Mass. 
 1904. 
 

 
^ 
 
 FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 <n A PAPER READ BEFORE THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 
 OF IPSAVICH, APRIL 13, 1903. 
 
 BY JESSE FEAVKES. 
 
 The histon' of the various iiidustriul arts of New 
 England, is a subject which comes within the scope and 
 province of the Historical Society of this old manufact- 
 uring town. Ipswich, one of the old mother towns of 
 New England, is also the mother of two industrial chil- 
 dren, of which I propose to ofier a few items of interest 
 before this Honorable Society at this time. These two 
 industries seem to have been born own sisters of the same 
 family of the useful arts in our mother country England 
 and were also twin children in Ipswich, during the decade 
 from 1822 to 1832, when one, the liner and more beauti- 
 ful, died a most unnatural and distressing death, and the 
 other has grown more healthy, vigorous and prosperous, 
 as the years have rolled on, up to the present day. 
 
 These two textile children of Ipswich, are the Manu- 
 tacture of Hosiery and the Weaving of fine Laces by Ma- 
 otinery. 
 
 To understand the cause of this diversity of success in 
 these two well projected, and well started' schemes of la- 
 bor, we must make a concise review of the origin and de- 
 velopment of the machines connected therewith, and also 
 give a sketch of that predecessor of the art of weaving 
 tine cloths, the earlier art of spinning fine thread. 
 
 SPINNING. 
 
 There are pictures cut in flat relief upon some of the 
 monuments and temples of ancient Egypt, more than 
 
 (1) 
 
2 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 four thousand years before the Christian era, which rep- 
 resent among other occupations of that early people, 
 the spinning of thread and the weaving of cloth. There 
 are also representations on the monuments of prehistoric 
 Central America, of women operating with the primitive 
 loom and spinning apparatus. S(]uier's Nicaragua, Vol. 1, 
 has a representation (copied from an ancient Mexican 
 manuscript) of a woman weaving, and also of another 
 woman spinning. Ancient records in China carry back 
 the art of spinning and weaving to an antiquity dis- 
 credited by many modern historians. These useful arts 
 are prehistoric ; they date before any written history. 
 
 About 550 B. C, Herodotus records, " Amasis the tirst 
 plebeian King of Egypt, sent as a i)resent to the Grecian 
 temple at Lindus, a linen corslet of wonderful work- 
 manship, each thread of which contained 800 filaments 
 clearly to be distinguished. Figures were Avoven into the 
 pattern of the linen and it was adorned with gold and 
 cotton." (Jotton was then a costly material lately introduced 
 from India into Egypt and was used along Avith gold for 
 the enrichment of the linen of this corslet. This is said 
 to be the first historic reference to spinning and weaving ; 
 but there are in the HebreAV Bible references which may 
 be older even than this. See Proverbs xxx, 19, Exodus 
 xxxY, 25.* Spinning is alluded to by Homer. 
 
 The implements of the spinners' art have been devel- 
 oped from a very simple and crude beginning. The first 
 spinning implement was probabl}" only a pebble stone 
 taken from the ground, uncut and unfashioned in any way. 
 The filament of wool or grass, or perhaps the inner bark 
 of some fibrous plant or tree, was tied to it and twirled 
 around Avith the hand, then doubled back, and by the 
 returning Avhirl of the rock, was made into a double and 
 twisted string fit for the boAv of a hunter. Then came to 
 the front the oldtime skillful iuA^entor, some aboriginal 
 Edison or Marconi, and improved this simple dcAnce by 
 cutting a knob upon one end of the pebble for the con- 
 
 * Exodus XXXV : 25, " And all the womeuthat were wise-hearted did si)in with 
 their liands, aud brought that which they had spun, both of blue and of purple, 
 and of scarlet and of fine linen." 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 3 
 
 venience of fastening upon it the thread ah-eady spun, and 
 of winding the same while anotlicr length could be added. 
 This method of spinning with a rock is even brought 
 down to the present day in some of the aboriginal tribes. 
 The Alaskan Indian, and some tribes of theLaplanders 
 use a rock similar to the abundant Indian net sinkers, so 
 called, or plummet formed stones, which are seen in all 
 collections of Indian implements. 
 
 From the primitive spinning rock, the next advance in 
 the development of the implements of the spinners" art was 
 the ancient spindle whorl, which is a lonnd flat stone with 
 a hole perforated in the centre to admit a wooden spindle. 
 This spindle had a hook at the upper end upon which to 
 
 FKi. 1. 
 
 Indian Spinning 
 rock, from In- 
 flian.[Mounfl in /^ 
 Ipswicli, Mass. fe'; 
 
 (^ Fig. 2. 
 
 Spinning wliorl, 
 
 from ancient 
 
 Troy, A.D. 1184 
 
 fasten the thread, after that already spun had been wound 
 upon the spindle. This was used in connection with the 
 dist.-iff, which is a stalf of wood fastened to the girdle, on 
 which was llound the wool, flax or fiber which remained 
 unspiin. The spindle whorl or weight was intended to 
 give the proper momentum to the spindle, as shown in 
 Egyptian, Mexican, Chinese, East Indian, Central Amer- 
 ican and Greci;m representations of spinning. By this 
 ancient method thread for fine lace was spun. " 
 
 Dr. Henry Schliemann, Avho excavated the buried cities 
 of ancient Troy and Tyrins, found in Troy, as many as 
 22,000 spindle whorls of stone and terra cotta, once used 
 by the women of that ancient city. In Mycenum and 
 Tyrins, he found them also in great al)undance. In his 
 works published in 1870-71 and 1873, he illustrates 180 
 
FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 
 
 different designs of ornamental spinning whorls, found by 
 him. The markings pictured on these are probably the 
 marks of ownership. The accompanying pen copy of the 
 
 picture of a French fisherman's 
 wife, spinning, gives a correct 
 idea of the ancient method of 
 spinning. The painting is by 
 W. Slatterill. 
 
 From pictures cut upon the 
 roclv tem})les of ancient Egypt, 
 it seems that there was an in- 
 termediate stage of the devel- 
 opment of the spindle, between 
 the simple rock and the metallic 
 spindle Avhorl of the spinners of 
 ancient Greece and Rome, in 
 which the weight is carried at the top of the spindle to 
 give momentum. 
 
 In 1530 there was published a work called Dictionary of 
 Palsgrave, in which is this phrase, "I spynne upon a 
 Rock." Aubrey tells us that " in Wiltshire the nuns of 
 
 Fig. 3. 
 
 Maya woman spinninj;:! fi'oin 
 Nicaragua, A. D. 1500. 
 
 FIG. 4. 
 Egyptians Spinning, from Monuments in Ancient Tiiebe.s. Egypt, IJ. C. 4000. 
 
 St. Marys came forth with their rocks to spin." From 
 the "Book of Days" I copy this: "St. Distaff's day, 
 January 7th. The ordinary spindle was a turned pin of a 
 few inches in length having a hook or nick at the small 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 5 
 
 or upper end to fasten the thread and a load of some 
 sort at the lower end to make it hang rightly. In very 
 early times and among such rude nations as the Laps until 
 more recent times the load was a stone, many examples 
 of which are in museums now." I take from another 
 work called "Every Day Book :" "January 7^''. St. Dis- 
 taff's Day, or Rock Day. This day was so called in honor 
 of the rock which is a distaff held in the hand from whence 
 wool is spun by twirling a ball below." That ball may 
 have been a rock, for Aubrey says, in a book called 
 " The Natural History of Wiltshire :" " In old time they 
 used to spin with rocks. In Staffordshire they use them 
 still." In Scotland, when lads and lassies came together 
 to spend a social evening, each lassie brought her spinning 
 apparatus or rock, and the assemblage was called a "rock- 
 ing." "On Fasten-e'en we had a rockin'. "* 
 
 A German writer also calls it " Rocken, " a French writer 
 " Je file au roche." I have seen the picture of an Abys- 
 sinian woman which was drawn by a traveller in that 
 country, in which she is shown as spinning with a crotched 
 knot of wood, with her thread wound upon it ; this she 
 is twirling in the same manner as the lassies, in the 
 time of Robert Burns, did with their rocks. 
 
 It would seem as if in Scotland the ancient name of 
 "spinning rock," still clung to the spinning apparatus, 
 even after the distaff and wheel were introduced, for we 
 have, in the quaint verses of Robert Burns, several refer- 
 ences to the rock in connection with the wheel. In "The 
 Lass of Ecclefechan." * 
 
 " O gat ye me wi' naething? 
 Rock and reel and spinnin wheel, 
 A niickle quarter basin." 
 
 and again in "Bessy and her spinnin wheel," 
 
 "0 leeze me on my spinnin wheel, 
 O leeze me on my rock and reel ;" 
 
 * Burns mentions the spinning rocli in another of his verses "The Weary Fund 
 o' Tow:" 
 
 "Quoth I For shame ye dirty dame, 
 Gae spin your tap o' tow ! 
 She took the rock and wi' a knock 
 She brak it o'er my pow." 
 
I) 
 
 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY 
 
 The next stage in the art is the wheel. There is in the 
 British Museum a MS. written early in the fourteenth 
 century, in which are several representations of a woman 
 spinning with a Avheel. From the Dictionary of Origins, 
 we have : '' A spinning wheel is said to have been in- 
 vented in ir)3;') by a citizen of Brunswick, England," 
 The first spinning wheel was called a 'Tarn."* 
 
 Some of these ancient spinners, by 
 hand methods, were extremely skill- 
 ful in the manipulation of the wheel. 
 Aubrey says, in Book of Days, "In 
 the year 174"), a woman of East 
 Dareham spun a single pound of wool 
 into a thread 84,000 yards long, 
 nearly 4<S miles, upon a spinning 
 wheel. Since that time a young lady 
 of Norwich, England, has spun a 
 pound of combed wool (or worsted) 
 into a thread 1 68,000 yards long and 
 another 203, 000 yards, nearly 115 
 miles ; this thread if woven would 
 make 200 yards of yard-Avide muslin." 
 
 When the ladies of Ipswich are using thread number- 
 ing 100 or loO they think it fine sewing. I had a letter 
 sent me by a former editor of the Ipswich Chronicle, in 
 which w^as contained a sample of cotton thread he had 
 obtained from the Willimantic Cotton Mills, as a sample 
 of the finest thread spun in this countrv- This was No. 250. 
 The sample of the thread used by the factory, which wove 
 lace in Ipswich seventy-five years ago and some of which I 
 have brought for your inspection, is No. 365, three ply 
 
 Flu. 5. 
 
 Spinning Wlieel, 
 A. D. 1530. 
 
 * The spinning wheel of the fourteen ccntui-y. called a " Tarn," was a simple 
 wheel with a cranlc upon one side of the axle upon whicli it turned, and a spindle 
 simihir to tlie spindle used with the spindle whorl of the earlier times projecting 
 from tlie opposite axle, upon wliich the liber was twisted by the turning of tlie 
 tarn. 
 
 The spinning wheel with its independent spindle driven by a Iwnd from the 
 larger wheel did not develop until neai-ly a century after the " Tarn" came into 
 use. Thus we liave the progressive stages in the spinner's art: Ist, the rock; 2d 
 the plummet-formed rock; ,3d, the spindle whorl of ancient Troy and Egypt; 
 4tli, the tarn; 5th, the colonial spinning wheel; 6th, the modern spinning-jenny, 
 and ring spinning machine turned by power. 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 7 
 
 linen thread. It rivals in fineness the work of the spider 
 or the silkworm. 
 
 As the introduction of lace weaving into this country in 
 1820, and into this town of Ipswich in 1822, came to grief 
 through the dependence of that art, upon the preliminary 
 art of spinning extremely fine thread, we have given thus 
 far, our attention to the implements for making the thread 
 from which lace and cloths were woven in old times. 
 
 HOSIERY AVEAVING. 
 
 I must now go back in time, and take up the evolution 
 and development of the art of weaving hosiery, as that also, 
 leads into the lace, and into the hosiery industry of this 
 town of Ipswich. 
 
 There were no woven stockings in England prior to 
 the reign of Queen Elizabeth. The art of knitting stock- 
 ings is supposed by some to have originated in Scotland, 
 about A. D. 1500. Howell's History of the World, printed 
 in 1680, says that " Henry the Eighth wore cloth stock- 
 ings except there came from Spain by chance a pair of 
 silk stockings." Spain therefore claims the art. 
 
 The first stockings knit in England were made by 
 William Ryders in 1564. He had seen a pair of Italian 
 knit stockings which he borrowed and copied. The first 
 stocking machine was invented in 1595 by William Lee, 
 a student in the college in Cambridge, England. Having 
 broken a law of that institution by taking to himself a 
 wife, he was expelled, and she, to keep them from starva- 
 tion, like a true woman t^ok up the then fashionable art 
 of knitting stockings as a means of support. While 
 watching her nimble fingers and clicking needles, he de- 
 vised a machine which would knit all the stitches around 
 the stocking in about the same time in which she was 
 making a single stitch. This was in Nottingham in 1595. 
 He applied to Queen Elizabeth for a patent, but could not 
 obtain one, neither would King James grant a monopoly, 
 as the pretext of taking work from the poor by the ma- 
 chine was offered in opposition. He therefore carried it 
 to France. He established his machines at Rouen, but the 
 
b FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 political troubles, which resulted in the murder of Heiuj 
 IV of France, his patron, destroyed Lee's prospects there. 
 He was proscribed as a Protestant, and was obliged to seek 
 concealment in Paris, where he died in poverty and dis- 
 tress. Lee's brother and all the workmen but two returned 
 to London, in 1621. These two retained a machine, 
 which was afterwards sold to go to Venice for £500 ; but 
 it could not be kept in repair, and the art came to a stand 
 in that city. 
 
 England thereafter became the sole custodian of the 
 art of making hosiery by machine. A patent was ob- 
 tained in 16G3. The Corporation for the working of this 
 art established itself in London, and its work Avas carried 
 on in Nottingham, Leicester and Derby, where subordi- 
 nate companies were formed, and these towns became 
 the center of the hosiery industry in England. These 
 stockingers of Nottingham, about 17G8, began to make 
 open-work with various devices attached to the stocking 
 machine in imitation of pillow lace. One named Hammon 
 Avas so successful that others were led to attempt lace 
 making. In their leisure hours, they amused themselves 
 trying to make the true hexagon mesh, a thing not yet 
 accomplished by machinery. 
 
 In 1782 the "warp machine '' was introduced by Avhich 
 a number of threads, corresponding to the number of 
 needles, was wound upon a warp beam and this was at- 
 tached to the ordinary stocking machine, which had hither- 
 to used but a single thread. This, with the Dorson wheels 
 attachment, which admitted a greater variety in the orna- 
 mentation of the w^ork, and also the tickler attachment to 
 the stocking machine, invented about the same time, 
 brought into the markets of England a great quantity of 
 cheap material in imitation of the more expensive pillow 
 lace. 
 
 These experiments in making open-work upon the 
 stocking machines, by the stocking weavers of Notting- 
 ham, created an intense feeling of jealous}^ among the 
 pillow-lace makers of Nottingham and the surrounding 
 towns. It occasioned the formation of labor societies, or 
 guilds, as the labor unions were at that time called, and 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 9 
 
 the lace guild assumed a right to make upon the pillows 
 all lace used in the British dominions, and they resolved 
 to maintain this assumed right by force if necessary. 
 
 PILLOW LACE. 
 
 The origin of the manufacture of pillow lace is lost in 
 the dim obscurity of the past. It may well be called one 
 of the fine arts as it has exercised the refined taste and 
 exquisite skill, of many of the most excellent minds since 
 the beginning of history. 
 
 The monuments of ancient Egypt show female figures 
 clothed in a fabric similar to modern lace, in which the 
 outlines of the form are seen through the dress. Lace 
 was worn by the ladies of ancient Greece and Rome. 
 It is spoken of in English history in 1483. In 1(314 the 
 manufacture of lace was carried on in Xottinjjham and 
 Bedfordshire in England. Some of the products of the 
 pillow were extremely delicate and expensive. Almost the 
 entire population of these towns was more or less inter- 
 ested in lace making upon the pillow, at this time. 
 
 The pillow for making lace was a cushion covered with 
 a strip of parchment upon which a pattern was drawn. 
 To form the mesh, pins were stuck into the pattern. To 
 each pin, a thread was attached, wound upon a spool or 
 bobbin. The bobbins were allowed to fall down on each 
 side of the pillow, and were changed from side to side and 
 intertwisted as the work progressed. As the meshes were 
 made they were secured by pins, until the next meshes 
 were made, and so on across the width of the piece of 
 the lace. A piece of lace one inch wide Avould have fifty 
 or sixty bobbins and threads, which would make twenty- 
 five or thirty meshes, 625 meshes to each square inch, or 
 22,000 meshes to the yard. The different kinds of 
 lace were called Brussels, Mechlin, Valenciennes, Lisle, 
 Alengon blonde and Alencon point. 
 
 As 1 have before mentioned, it is said that lace was 
 made by machines as early as 1768 by a stocking weaver 
 named Hammon and his success led other stockingers to 
 attempt making imitation lace on the stocking machines. 
 
10 
 
 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY, 
 
 The warp machine for making imitation lace Avas intro- 
 duced in 1782. In 1799 the first bobbin-net was made by 
 
 FIG. 6. SECTION OFiLACE MACHI NE ONE-THIRD FULL SIZE. 
 
 Also two plaus of the fabric, before and after it is stretched into 
 proper shape, full size. 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 11 
 
 machinery. By these machines the stocking weavers made 
 an inferior quality of lace, and could undersell the pillow 
 lace makers, whereby the demand for this kind was in- 
 creased and Nottingham became the center of a thriving 
 trade in this class of goods. No successful attempt to 
 make the true bobbin-net lace with the hexagonal mesh, 
 was made until 1809, when Mr. Heathcoat patented a ma- 
 chine, which is said to have been suggested by a workman 
 making fish nets. The idea occurred to him that, by using 
 parallel warp threads and threads wound upon bobbins 
 arranged to pass through between and twist around the 
 threads of the warp, the true hexagonal mesh could be 
 produced by machine. 
 
 DESCRIPTION OF LACE MACHINE. 
 
 To illustrate the action of the lace machine, I have 
 made a rough drawing of the working parts of the machine, 
 showing the manner in which the bobbins of the weft 
 traversed from the comb on one side of the warp threads 
 
 EXPLANATION OF PARTS. 
 
 A is a beam near the bottom of the machine upon which the warp 
 
 threads are wound. 
 Bl and B2 are the bobbins in their carriages upon which the 
 
 threads of the Ave ft are wound. 
 Jl and J2 are combs into which the carriages with their bobbins 
 
 traverse from the teeth of the comb on one side to the teeth 
 
 of the opposite comb which are marked Jl and J2. These 
 
 comb bars also traverse endi^ise. 
 I and I are push-bars which are bolted to a swinging frame 
 
 which pushes the carriages and their bobbins from the teeth of 
 
 one comb to those of the opposite comb. 
 Gl and G2 are points which enter the mesh as it is formed and 
 
 close it to its proper size. 
 El, E2, and F are tension rollers to draw the finished lace from 
 
 the machine as it is woven before it is wound on the lace 
 
 beam w^hich is marked D, on the plan. 
 LI and L2 are supplementary push bars which engage and hold 
 
 the bobbin carriage at certain stages of the work. 
 K1K2 are guides to conduct the warp threads into a proper position 1 
 
 the machine. 
 H H Swinging frame to which push bars I I are fastened. 
 
12 
 
 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 into the comb upon the opposite side of the warp threads, 
 and then side wise, like the change in a cotillion called "Back 
 to back." This movement was repeated three times and then 
 the bobbin and its carriage passed on again to repeat their 
 "Back to back" movements with the next thread of the 
 warp. 
 
 The partners in this textile cotillion, numbering, for yard 
 wide lace, one thousand weft threads, and one thousand 
 warp threads, all moved simultaneously and a yard of yard- 
 
 Bobbin Carriage, full size. 
 
 Fig. 5. 
 Section. 
 
 Lace Bol)bin, full size. Section. 
 
 The Bobbin and Bobbin Carriage marked B 1 and B 2 on Plan of the Lace Machine. These 
 bobbins are wound with, and carry the threads of the weft through and around the tlireads of 
 tlie warp to form the mesh or stitch of the Lace. 
 
 wide lace could be woven in the time taken to make by 
 pillow, six inches of one-inch- wide lace. The warp beam 
 upon which the threads of the warp were Avound was 
 placed near the bottom of the machine. These threads 
 first passed through guide needles, then upwards to the 
 center upon which the swinging frame of the push bars 
 swung, near which the lace mesh was formed (marked H) . 
 The finished lace was then wound upon a beam near the 
 top of the machine. This forward and back movement 
 of the carriages with their bobbins, and this right and left 
 
FIXE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 18 
 
 movement of the combs containing them were repeated 
 to the end of the piece of yard wide lace woven. There 
 was also a row of pointed needles upon each side near the 
 [)lace where the twist of the mesh was formed. Those 
 upon one side entered below the twist last formed and, 
 rising, closed it up, then held it until the next twist was 
 formed, when the needles on the other side engaged in 
 the same manner, each of these working alternately, and 
 the size of the mesh conformed to the sectional size of 
 the needles or points. The lace was therefore called " Point 
 net lace" as the size of the mesh was governed by the size 
 of the points of the machine which made it. There were 
 two other machines which came out about this time vary- 
 ing somewhat, but using the same general arrangement of 
 parts. This machine was successful and so far affected the 
 pillowlace makers, that they organized themselves into a 
 society to suppress by force the making of lace by ma- 
 chinery. 
 
 The lace makers and stocking weavers who came to 
 Ipswich in 1818 and 1822 were men who weie employed 
 in the two factories of Mr. Heathcoat in Nottingham in 
 1816, in making lace upon the new lace machines, and 
 were subject to the enmity, annoyance and crime of this 
 Secret Society. 
 
 THE LUDDITES 
 
 It has been trul}' said that history repeats itself. I 
 will quote an account of the Luddite labor troubles in 
 Nottingham, which influenqpd the lace weavers to emigrate 
 to this country in 1818-22.* 
 
 " The Luddite riots in Nottinghamshire, England, com- 
 menced March 11, 1811 and continued through a period 
 of live years. The first was at Arnold, near Nottingham, 
 where the unemployed stocking knitters were, for a paltry 
 sum, employed to sweep the streets, and do menial work. 
 By the 11th of March, their patience being exhausted, they 
 assembled at midnight and smashed 60 frames, and 200 
 
 * '• Book of Days, March 11, page 357." 
 
14 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 other frames were destroyed in a similar manner during 
 the succeeding three weeks. 
 
 " These riotous stockingers assumed the name of Lud- 
 dites, a name said to be derived from a boy named Ludlam, 
 who, when his father, a framework weaver, in Lei- 
 cestershire, ordered him to 'scjuarc his needles, ' took his 
 hammer and beat them into a heap.'' 
 
 The usual plan of o[)eration was to assemble at night 
 armed with swords and pistols, hanmiers and axes, under 
 the leadership of one man who was styled "Ned Ludd." Each 
 man was distinguished by a number, instead of name, 
 and all were disguised. They })roceeded to the place of de- 
 struction and those armed with weapons surrounded and 
 guarded the place, while those with hammers entered and 
 smashed the needles and sinkers of the frames with un- 
 sparing hands. When this destruction was completed, they 
 would reassemble at a short distance and call a roll of the 
 numbers, each answering to his number. If all were there 
 a pistol was fired and, removing the black handkerchiefs 
 from their faces, they departed to their homes, keeping 
 the most profound secrecy- 
 
 To detect the ringleaders of these rioters, the Govern- 
 ment organized a secret committee, which was supplied 
 Avith a large sum of money, for the purpose of obtaining 
 information, but in spite of these eflbrts the devastations 
 contiiuied from time to time. 
 
 On Sunday night Nov. 10, a party of Luddites })ro- 
 ceeded to the village of Bulwell, to destroy the frames of 
 Mr. Hollingsworth, who, in antici})ation of their visit, as- 
 sembled some of his friends with tire arms to defend 
 the property. Many shots Avere tired, and one John 
 Westly was mortally wounded, Avhich so enraged the mob 
 that they forced an entrance, and soon destroyed not only 
 the frames, but every article of furniture about the place. 
 Soon after that at Sutton, o7 frames were destroyed. 
 The military took several prisoners here, four of whom 
 were committed for trial. On Sunday Nov. 24, at Bask- 
 ford, 34 frames were destroyed, and 11 more the following- 
 day. On Dec. (i, a proclamation ordered all persons to 
 remain in their homes after 10 o'clock, and all public 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 15 
 
 houses closed, and the streets were patrolled by police and 
 military. Notwithstanding these precautions, there Avere 
 8(1 frames destroyed in the villages around Nottingham, 
 during the next six days. 
 
 A reward of £50 for the apprehension of any of the 
 offenders was offered by the Government, but this only 
 excited these men to further deeds of daring. They 
 began to rob and plunder, declaring they could not starve 
 in a land of plenty. On the 30th of July, 1812,'these labor 
 troubles had compelled no less than 4,348 families, 15,350 
 persons, nearly one-half of the inhabitants of Nottingham, 
 to be applicants for relief out of the poor rates. A large 
 subscription was raised to offer more liberal rewards for 
 the suppression of these daring outrages, and seven of 
 the rioters were apprehended and sent to Botany Bay, or 
 transported. 
 
 In iMarch, 1812, an Act of Parliament was passed, mak- 
 ing it an offence punishable with death to break a stocking 
 or lace machine. In April, a Mr. Trentham, a manufac- 
 turer, was shot while standing at his own door ; but the 
 wound did not prove fatal." The offender was never 
 brought to justice, although £600 were offered for his 
 apprehension. These riotous proceedings continued until 
 October 1816, when they finally ceased. 
 
 Upwards of 1000 stocking frames and a number of lace 
 machines were destroyed by these organized^ stocking 
 knitters and pillow-lace makers in Nottinghamshire alone ; 
 and in Derl)y, Leicestershire and York counties, also 
 there were many destroyed. One ofMr. Heathcote's fac- 
 tories was entered by the Luddites. The machines were 
 all destroyed, and the wat^man shot and killed. 
 
 Many of the skilled workmen, who had formerly l^een 
 employed by him in making machine lace, being thrown 
 out of employment, resolved to emigrate to this country, 
 and to start for themselves this new industry in this 
 free country, leaving behind them, forever, these trouble- 
 some conditions of the trade, in which they had passed 
 the early part of their lives, to take with them the tools 
 of their trade, and to become naturalized citizens of the 
 country of their adoption. This resolution was carried 
 
16 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY- 
 
 out to the letter. They could not do otherwise. They 
 arrived in 1818-20 and 1822. 
 
 Many of the hosiery weavers as well, thrown out of em- 
 ployment by this wholesale slaughter of their stocking 
 frames, not finding sufficient protection from riotous mobs 
 of unemployed stocking knitters and pillow-lace weavers, 
 resolved to emigrate to America. Had the wealthy 
 gentlemen and nobilit}'^ of England devoted the funds 
 collected to punish these poor knitters to charitable 
 efforts to furnish employment for them, at more than 
 starvation prices, these labor outrages could not have 
 happened. 
 
 Prior to 181'S there were no stocking machines in this 
 country, although strenuous efforts were made to get 
 them. rnl77ti the Conmiittee of Safety had appropriated 
 £300 to Mr. Coxendfer of Maryland, Frederic County, to 
 establish a stocking fiictorv, and the Society of Arts in 
 New York had offered a prize of £10 for the first three 
 stocking frames of iron set up in that year. The prizes 
 were not claimed. 
 
 The British government, ever extremely careful of its 
 textile industries was especialh' so of its hosiery, and of its 
 newly introduced lace manufacture at Nottingham. In 
 order to keep these in England, excessive duties had been 
 put upon the exportation of the machinery required in 
 these industries. These had been from time to time in- 
 creased, until they amounted to actual prohibition. 
 
 Every obstacle was placed in the way of skilled workers 
 in these branches of industry, to prevent them from leav- 
 ing the country, and especially their emigration to the 
 United States of America. A penalty of £40 for the ex- 
 portation of a stocking machine existed till 1788. It was 
 then increased from time to time till it amounted to a pro- 
 hibitory duty and the penalty for exporting lace machinery 
 in 1818 amounted to an excessive fine of £500, much 
 beyond the means of the ordinary workman to pay, and 
 transportation for a term of years if })ayment was not 
 made. The agitation of the labor question, at about this 
 time, and the recent Luddite troubles furnished a pre- 
 text for extremely stringent laws in this respect. 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 17 
 
 In the face of all this, as we have said, some of the 
 better class of the lace weavers and stocking weavers 
 resolved to come and bring the tools of their trade with 
 them, even if these excessive fines had to be paid. The 
 first delegation of these men had enough of King George's 
 pictures in yellow metal, in their pockets, to brave the 
 consequences. It is an open secret, that some of these 
 golden pictures were actually used to facilitate the trans- 
 portation of the tools and eflects ot these skillful men to 
 America. I have heard it boldly said that the bobbins, 
 points, guides and needles of lace stocking machines came 
 into Boston in 1818 and 1822, secreted in pots of good 
 Yorkshire butter. Whether these pots of butter paid an 
 export duty to the British Government I am unable to 
 tell. 
 
 The first stocking machine, which reached this part of 
 the country, came out of England from Liverpool, in 
 1818. Some incidents in the history of this machine are 
 interesting. It was first bought in Nottingham, then 
 packed in two boxes and sent to a framesmith to be re- 
 paired and repacked for its trip to America. It was then sent 
 to Liverpool and left upon the wharf where an old brig 
 was lying, being laden with salt stowed loosely in bulk. 
 It was taken by a stevedore and placed upon the 
 keelson away up in the bows of the ship, and packed deep 
 in the salt. The brig dropped down to the mouth of 
 the harbor, and was overhauled and inspected thoroughly 
 (as they thought) by the Custom House men. Trunks and 
 boxes were inspected and long sticks run into the salt but 
 these two boxes with the adventurous machine escaped 
 detection. 
 
 Its passage in the brig, which was destined to a south- 
 ern port, was a stormy one. She was driven out of her 
 course several times, by adverse winds, for over sixty 
 days. Then, when some miles outside of Massachusetts 
 Bay, she was spoken by a schooner bound for Boston, to 
 which the machine and its adventurous owners were 
 transferred, and the brig, with her lost reckoning rectified, 
 and her mechanical " Jonah " not overboard, but reshipped 
 on an American schooner, went on her southbound way 
 
18 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 rejoicing, no doubt. The schooner arrived in Boston on 
 Sept. 4, 1818. The boxes were put upon a produce wagon, 
 carted to Watertown, and carefully unloaded at a little 
 house by the river, near the present Etna Mills. When 
 the boxes were opened it was found that one of the most 
 important parts of the machine was missing. Its sinker 
 bar and all its sinkers had been left behind in England. 
 
 By the ingenuity and skill of one of its owners, these 
 were replaced during the iirst winter in its new home ; 
 then it was used under the management of its two owners, 
 six hours on and six hours oH', through the day and night, 
 for the greater part of its two first years in this country. 
 It was then there came the lace makers, and the starting 
 of the Lace Factory in Watertown, which gave it a long 
 time of rest, but it finally reached Ipswich to do duty 
 while the New England lace company was getting a foot- 
 hold in this good old town. 
 
 This machine was brought to Ipswich in 1822 by Ben- 
 jamin Fewkes and George Warner, its joint owners. I 
 have been told that the first pair of stockings, woven upon 
 this machine in Ipswich, were made by Mr. Benjamin 
 Fewkes, Sr., in the kitchen ot a house, which then stood 
 upon the site of the present South Congregational meet- 
 ing house. 
 
 The successful transfer of this first stocking machine 
 furnished a clew to others, who were anxious to get the 
 lace machines introduced into this country. The essential 
 and more delicate parts of the lace machines were brought 
 over concealed in the effects of the lace weavers from 
 Heathcoat's factories, who came in numbers soon after this 
 time. In this instance the more bulky heavy bars and 
 frame work of the lace machines were constructed here, 
 from drawings and ideas of skilled machinists who came 
 over about the same time. A factory was brought into 
 successful operation in Watertown near the Newton bound- 
 dary line, by the capital engaged in the enterprise, and the 
 lace machines were in working order in the spring of 1820, 
 where they continued till 1822. 
 
 A gentleman of Ipswich, Mr. Augustine Heard, and 
 others, becoming interested in the enterprise, the machines 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 19 
 
 were removed to Ipswich, and located in the building 
 nearest the mill dam and foot bridge, on the south side 
 of the river in 1824. This company was called the Boston 
 and Ipswich Lace Company. Another rival company, of 
 which Dr. Thomas Manning and others were promoters 
 and stockholders, was started in 1828. This was called 
 the New England Lace Company, This new company 
 located itself npon the old Dr. Manning homestead on High 
 street, the site of the residence of the late Joseph Ross, 
 Esq. This building has been remodelled and beautilied 
 with architectural elegance by the its recent proprietor. 
 The west front room was used for the weaving room ; the 
 front chamber over this was used for warping, winding 
 and mending the lace ; the rear lower rooms, west, were 
 used for washing and for a machine shop. The east rooms 
 were the residence of Mr. Clark the superintendent. Mr. 
 Fewkes was a stockholder and worked in each of these 
 three factories. 
 
 The names of the persons employed by this lace enter- 
 prise in Ipswich were as follows : — 
 
 Sup't, John Clark; machinists, James Peatfield, Joseph 
 Peatfield, Sanford Peatfield ; lace weavers, Benjamin 
 Fewkes, Samuel Gadd, George Gadd, James Clark, John 
 Trueman, Mr. Watts, George Warner, Samuel Hunt, Sr., 
 John Morley, James Cartwright, Sr., Charles Bamford, 
 Sr., and Mr. Harrison. The warpers and winders were 
 young men and boys as follows: Thomas and William 
 Gadd, William and Henry Fewkes, Samuel Hunt, Jr., 
 Charles Bamford, Jr., and others. There were also em- 
 ployed many women and girls, mending, embroidering and 
 washing lace, who were mostly the wives and daughters 
 of the workmen and some others of Ipswich birth whose 
 names I am unable to give. 
 
 The managers of the lace enterprise also made an effort 
 looking to the introduction of a silk industry in Ipswich. 
 
 Mr. Augustine Heard (I have been told), who was one 
 of the first movers of the Lace Company, imported from 
 China in one of his vessels some eggs of the mulberry 
 Moth (^Bombyx7nori)A The transportation of the eggs 
 was accomplished by packing them in small silk bags which 
 were worn about the person of the Chinaman who brought 
 
20 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 them. This was done to ensure the proper temperature 
 for them on the voyage, as the temperature during some 
 of the colder days was too low to ensure their safe 
 transportation without this precaution. These were put 
 in charge ot Mr. Clark the superintendent of the lace fac- 
 tory, and a room was set apart for them in the factory 
 ard kept at the proper temperature to hatch the eggs. 
 Prior to this time, a nurseryman in Newton, Mr. William 
 Kendrick, had planted a large stock of white mulberry 
 trees {Morns alba), a native tree of China, and had ad- 
 vertised the same largely in all the papers of the day. In 
 fact a furor for silk raising had been created, not unlike 
 the celebrated Tulip mania in Holland several years 
 previous. Great quantities of these trees were sold and, 
 among others, Dr. Manning became interested. He had 
 the side hill in the rear of the Old Manning homestead 
 graded and terraced, and planted with these trees of the 
 white mulberry. When the eggs of the mulberry moth 
 came into town these trees had attained two or three years 
 of growth. 
 
 When the writer was a small boy, I think it was in the 
 spring of 1832, his father took him with others to the 
 lace factory, now the estate of the late Joseph Ross, 
 to see the machines weaving lace. Mr. Clark escorted the 
 party through the works, showing and describing the 
 different machines and processes by which the lace was 
 woven, cleansed, mended and wrought, to get it into a 
 marketable condition. He then took them into a room 
 set apart from the others, in which were a number of cases 
 containing trays, the bottoms of which were made of lace. 
 These were covered with young and tender green leaves, 
 upon which were innumerable worms like caterpillars, 
 all voraciously eating the leaves. In some of the trays 
 the worms were as large as an ordinary appletree caterpil- 
 lar, nearly one and a half inches long. From this size 
 they varied, in other trays, to about one quarter of an 
 inch in length. Each tray seemed to be occupied with 
 similar worms representing diflerent ages of the hatch. 
 Mr. Clark said the larger worms were fed with the older 
 leaves, while the younger required the more delicate, 
 younger foliage. As I remember their appearance, the 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 21 
 
 more mature and larger worms, scattered over the green 
 leaves, were of a golden yellow color. In some of the 
 trays the worms had nearly finished eating and would 
 soon begin to spin their cocoons. He also showed the 
 party cocoons all formed and showed how readily the silk 
 could be unwound from the cocoon in one continuous 
 thread. The temperature of the room in which these 
 silkworms were kept was much higher than that of other 
 rooms. He then escorted the party out through the gar- 
 den in the rear of the factory to a terrace at the foot 
 of the hill where the young mulberry trees were growing 
 and showed them where the tender leaves had been 
 gathered. I cannot tell how many seasons this experiment 
 was continued ; probably it was abandoned at the time the 
 lace works closed, I think in the winter of 1832-3. 
 
 This Company continued its factory in operation till 
 1832, when it foiled to procure the usual supply of 
 thread, which had been imported from England. Linen 
 thread of suflScient fineness for the work could not at that 
 time be spun in this country, owing chiefly to the dry 
 atmosphere. It was always spun by secret methods in 
 damp cellars in England and France. The British govern- 
 ment, finding that the lace machines and workmen had 
 really escaped to this country, and that lace was being 
 woven from imported thread, put an excessive export duty 
 upon thread, and allowed manufactured lace to go out free. 
 This ruined the industry of lace weaving in Ipswich, and 
 its promoters lost their investment. 
 
 Finding themselves out of employment, the lace-makers 
 returned to their old business of weaving hosiery. Many 
 of them went to Germantown, Pa., where some imported 
 frames were in use, and (^hers to Portsmouth, N. H., 
 where some frames had been introduced, during the term 
 of the lace industry in Ipswich. Some of the most skill- 
 ful remained in Ipswich, and in 1832, the Peatfield 
 brothers made for Mr. Benjamin Fewkes two new stock- 
 ing frames, which were the first made in New England, 
 and I think the first made in this country. He began the 
 manufacture of hosiery in a small shop on High St. near 
 his dwelling. Mr. George Warner established a similar 
 shop on the site of the Damon Block, directly opposite 
 
22 FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 the B. & M. R. R. station. He bought the interest of Mr. 
 Fewkes in the original machine, but sold it to Mr. John 
 Bilsoii, with whom it went back to Newton in 1840. Mr. 
 Samuel Hunt, Sen., began work in a shop on East St. in 
 the rear of his dwelling, and Mr. Charles Bamford, Sen., 
 in the shop still standing in the rear of his dwelling, the 
 old Frisbie house on County St. Each of these stocking 
 makers had only two machines. 
 
 It is said that Timothy Bayley, of Albany was the first 
 to put power to the Lee frame, in 1831. I know that in 
 1 834 James and Sanford Peatfield of Ipswich had a rotary 
 warp frame in successful operation in the Old Saw Mill 
 building by the Cove in Ipswich. Jesse Fewkes at that 
 time was their "Winder Lad" and can vouch for the age 
 of this great improvement in warp machines. They also 
 invented a round knitting machine in 1841 or about that 
 time. 
 
 The Census Report of 1900 says, "The only stocking 
 factory in the United States in 1831 was the Newburyport 
 Hose Manufacturing Company." Ipswich I think is en- 
 titled to the credit of manufocturing stockings by ma- 
 chine nine years prior to this first recorded date, and in 
 1833 therewere four well-started hosiery manufactories in 
 this town. It is true that these were small but they were 
 the seed from which has grown a mighty creation, a tex- 
 tile giant. The total amount invested in this industry in 
 the United States in 11)00 was $95,482,556. There were 
 employed in that year 69,829 machines, operated by 
 83,387 [persons and the value of its production for that 
 year was $95,482,566. In Massachusetts alone the capi- 
 tal employed w^as $6,288,675. There were 6,667 work- 
 men employed and 5,003 machines, and they produced 
 $6,620,257 worth of hosiery goods, in 54 establishments 
 or factories. 
 
 The American inventor has made great improvements 
 on the old English method of hosiery making. The 
 American "Latch Needle" which came out somewhere 
 in the forties of the last century, was a most simple and 
 efiective device, which completely revolutionized the 
 machines for the manufacture of hosiery. The Lee stock- 
 ing frame had remained for nearly 250 years in practically 
 
FINE THREAD, LACE AND HOSIERY. 
 
 23 
 
 the same stage of development ; all improvements on the 
 original device during this time had been merely accesso- 
 ries to the old machine, but the introduction of the latch 
 needle made possible the rotary knitting machine and, 
 consequently, automatic action in all its parts, and steam 
 power for its motive. 
 
 The census of 1900 gives the entire number of Latch 
 needle machines in this country at that time as 55,816, 
 while the entire number of machines weaving hosiery 
 with the old-fashioned Beard needle was 14,013, which 
 fact speaks well for the American inventor's work. 
 
 The more beautiful and artistic industry, the weaving 
 of fine laces by machines, has never recovered in Ipswich 
 form the disastrous failm-e it experienced and it remains 
 an unexplored but inviting field of industry on this side 
 the Atlantic. 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 
 
 At the very beginning of the settlement of our Town, 
 a grist mill was an imperative necessity, and at the first 
 Town meeting of which definite record remains in 1634, 
 "Itt is concluded and consented unto that Mr. John Spen- 
 cer and Mr. Nicholas Easton shall have liberty e to build 
 a Mill and a Ware uppon the Town River, about the fiiUes 
 of it uppon this condicon, that they shall pte with an equal 
 share of theire Fish to all the inhabitants of this Town if 
 they bee demanded att five shill. a thousand more or less 
 according to the comon price of the Countrye." The 
 "Falls" alluded to, were probably only rapids, but various 
 allusions to removing rocks about the dam indicate that 
 in its natural state, our River ran rapidlj^ in a rocky bed, 
 where the large dam stands, and lower down, in the rocky 
 gulch by the saw mill. This was the natural location for 
 a dam, and the fish "ware" was estal)lished for the taking 
 of the shad and alewives which ascended the stream 
 in great numbers. The original grantees left the Town, 
 perhaps before the dam and grist mill were built, and 
 Mr. Richard Saltonstall, son of Sir Richard, and one 
 of the most important citizens of our Town succeeded 
 to the grant. The dam was constructed at about the 
 place where the new dam stands, we may suppose, and 
 the grist mill was probably near the spot now occupied 
 by the old stone mill. For many years, Mr. Saltonstall en- 
 joyed a monopoly of the business. Corn was brought to 
 mill from the whole great township to be ground into In- 
 dian meal, the great food staple of the time. At length 
 complaints were made about the miller, that he was un- 
 skillful, and disobliging, and a communication from the 
 "Worshipful Richard Saltonstall Esq." then in England 
 was received and entered on the Town Record in 1671, 
 promising that a skillful and acceptable miller, should be 
 
 (24) 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 25 
 
 sent. But there were many apparently, who were not so 
 easily satisfied, and the Town declared that the number of 
 inhabitants was too great for one Indian corn mill. In ref- 
 erence to this demand, Mr. Saltonstall asked and received 
 liberty in April 1682, to build another grist mill, near 
 Sergeant Clark's. Thos. Clark owned and occupied the 
 northeast corner of Summer and Water Sts. by the river 
 side, and the scheme of a mill contemplated a dam across 
 the river at this point, and the utilizing of the tides. The 
 privilege was granted ''provided he have gates eighteen or 
 twenty feet wide, to let up canoes or boats loaded into the 
 cove and to let out boats and canoes when the tide serves." 
 
 Jonathan Wade and others opposed this, and the reason 
 may have been that he had received in 1673, "that little 
 island of rocks at the falls, in exchange for so much to 
 enlarge the highway by the windmill* provided he hinder 
 no man from taking away loose rocks, nor hinder fish 
 ways, nor making of a bridge, nor prejudice the mills," 
 and in 1649, he had received permission to set up a saw 
 mill, which may have been built at this point. Cornet 
 Whipple had also received permission in 1673 to build a 
 fulling mill, "at the smaller falls, by Ezekiel Woodward's 
 house," provided Mr. Saltonstail's grist mill at the upper 
 falls and another fulling mill already begun, at the upper 
 fall probably, were not "prejudiced." A dam lower down 
 the river naturally threatened the privileges of the mills 
 on the island. Nothing resulted from this scheme of a 
 tide mill, and in 1686, as the need of another mill was 
 increasingly pressing, the selectmen granted liberty to 
 any one to build a grist mill at the falls, "by or near Good- 
 man Rust," "provided they damnify not the upper grist 
 mills." 9 
 
 In March 1686/7, "Sar. Nicholas Wallis" received per- 
 mission " to improve the water by damming in the river 
 against his own land, not exceeding three foot for the 
 building a fulling mill or mills, provided he do it within 
 a year and a half." He lived near the present Norwood 
 mills. In 1(567, for the convenience of this neighbor- 
 
 * The windmill was built undoubtedly on " Wiud-mill Hill." The date of its 
 erection is not known. 
 
26 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 
 
 hood, "John Addams, Nath. Addaras, Samuel Addams, 
 Joseph Safford, Nicholas Wallis and Thomas Stace, upon 
 consideration of there building a bridge over the river at 
 there own expense," were "freed from working in the 
 common highway for 7 years to come." A corn mill was 
 erected as well, perhaps by John Adams, as John Adams, 
 Sen,, conveyed his property to John, Jun., including 
 "half the land the corn mill stands" in April, 1698. The 
 deed mentions " the little dam." The grist mill and a 
 saw mill, known as "Adams's Mills," were sold by the 
 widow to Paul Dodge in 1750. 
 
 His son Barnabas succeeded him, and David, son of 
 Barnabas, sold to Ammi Smith in 1827, and the Smith heirs 
 to Caleb and Jerome Norwood in 1868. The sawing of 
 fine veneers was carried on with success. The fulling 
 mill was operated by the Warners, and William Warner 
 added a carding machine prior to 1794. This property 
 was conveyed by the Warner heirs to Ammi Smith, in 
 1858. The water power once utilized for the fulling and 
 scouring mill, and the carding of wool, is now used by 
 the isinglass factory. A saw mill also is still in use- 
 
 In the year 1687, Nehemiah Jewet was granted leave 
 to dam the Egypt River and build a grist mill, and in 
 1691, Thomas Boreman received permission to seta grist 
 mill on Labour-in-vain Creek, provided he built within 
 two years. The mill on Egypt river was built, near the 
 residence of Mr. John Tenney, and some faint remains 
 are still visible. There is no evidence of which I am 
 aware, that Mr. Boreman ever built. 
 
 The presumption is rather against this, as Col. Salton- 
 stall, son of Richard, received permission anew in June, 
 1695, to utilize the location by Sergeant Clark's. Renewed 
 opposition was made to this project in a written document 
 signed by many, who protested that this grant should not 
 be voted. 
 
 "1. Because it stops a navigable river. 
 
 " 2. Because it will damnifie Col. Saltonstall's grant. 
 {{. e. the upper mill privilege, I presume). 
 
 " 3. Because severall other places which will answer ye 
 Town's ends are proposed, which will do less damage to 
 proprietors." 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 27 
 
 Apparently no further steps were taken by Col. Salton- 
 stall, as permission was granted March 24, 1696, to Ed- 
 mund Potter and others to set up a dam and grist mill on 
 Mile Brook, "not to damnify Col. Appleton's saw-mill." 
 The grist mill was located on the spot where the old mill 
 still stands on the Oliver Smith farm. Col. Appleton's 
 saw mill was a little to the eastward of the bridge over 
 Mile River. Still there was a cry for a mill by Sergeant 
 Clark's, and again, on Nov. 4, 1696, it was voted, " Two 
 or three persons that are so minded shall have liberty to 
 erect a mill and raise a dam across ye River by or near ye 
 house where John Clark, Carpenter, formerly lived." 
 But no mill was built, and eventually the privilege at the 
 Lower Falls was improved by Robert Calef who received 
 permission in March 1714/15. 
 
 William Dodge purchased the mill and privilege at the 
 Lower Falls, but he was not content and in 1730, he re- 
 peated the old plea for a location "at the end of Green 
 Lane," "near Sergeant Clark's formerly so called." He pro- 
 posed to build a dam with gates 20 feet wide to permit 
 boats to pass, and then "throw up his works at the Falls 
 and remove the grist mill he had lately bnilt there down 
 to the place petitioned for." This was negatived and no 
 further attempt was made to place a mill at this spot. 
 
 The Saltonstall heirs continued to hold an interest in the 
 upper Mills until 1729. In that year they sold to John 
 Waite and Samuel Dutch, their interest in two grist mills 
 and a fulling mill, dye-house, house for the miller etc., 
 and a saw mill which had been built on the east side of the 
 river, near the residence of Mr. Clark Abell. Dutch sold 
 his interest in the grist mills and fulling mill, to Waite. 
 In 1746, Benj. Dutch bouglft of Philemon Dean a half in- 
 terest in the mill property. The m'ills had been operated 
 for many years by Michael Farley and his sons, and they 
 acquired ownership. He had come from England in 1675, 
 as a skilled miller, to take charge, and his immediate de- 
 scendants were concerned in the mills for more than a 
 hundred and fifty years. 
 
 Grist mills and saw mills had now been erected to meet 
 the needs of the people, but before the century ended a 
 new enterprise of a different character engaged the atten- 
 
28 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 
 
 tion of our town's folk. Cloth of every kind was still 
 woven on handlooms. Not a few men were weavers by 
 trade, and they produced the necessary woolen and linen 
 fabrics, for such as could not weave for themselves, and 
 their work was probably upon the finel- quality of broad- 
 cloths and other fine fabrics for the expensive garments 
 of the gentry. But the great bulk of woolen and cotton 
 or linen stuffs, homespun cloths, flannels, quilts, blankets, 
 towelling, and table linen, and plain cotton for family 
 wear, were made by the busy housewives on the family 
 loom. 
 
 In 1785, Edmund Cartwright, an Oxford graduate and 
 a minister of the Established Church, exhibited in Eng- 
 land a power-loom, which he had invented. It was a rude 
 machine, but it embodied an idea of the profoundest sig- 
 nificance. It established the fact that the slow and labo- 
 rious hand labor at the loom, was destined to give place 
 to the more rapid and economical work of machines. His 
 invention met the fate of all great and revolutionary dis- 
 coveries. The introduction of it was vehemently opposed 
 as disastrous to the handicraft of multitudes, and a mill 
 which had been erected and fitted up with 500 of his 
 looms was maliciously burned down. There was living 
 in Ipswich at that time a man of remarkably progressive 
 mind. Dr. John Manning. He had introduced inocula- 
 tion as a preventive of small [)ox some years before, on 
 his return from England, and had faced a storm of cal- 
 umny and reproach for his determined conduct in inocu- 
 lating some members of his own family. He was quick to 
 see the great value of Cartwright's invention, and in 1792, 
 only seven years after the invention was exhibited, he had 
 received a grant of a piece of land, where Caldwell's 
 Block stands today, that he might erect a l)uilding for si 
 woolen manufactory. Mrs. Elizabeth Brown's house was 
 sacrificed, but the public was greatly benefited. The 
 mill was erected, and the manufacture of coarse cloths 
 and blankets was begun in 1794. The business proved 
 unprofitable and was given up in 1800, but this modest 
 venture is a towering landmark in the industrial history 
 of our town and of the Commonwealth. Dr. Manning's 
 woolen factory must have been one of the earliest of tex- 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTOEIES. 29 
 
 tile manufactories on this side the Atlantic. The build- 
 ing was subsequently purchased by Mr. Stephen Coburn 
 and was destroyed by fire. 
 
 The decade 1820 to 1830 was a period of extraordinary 
 interest in industrial affairs. For many years the mak- 
 ing of pillow lace had engaged the leisure of girls and 
 women. It was a local industry, as it would seem, and its 
 origin is unknown. Eeferring to Ipswich in 1692, a 
 writer says, '' Silk and thread lace of an elegant and last- 
 ing texture are manufactured in large quantities by women 
 and children and sold for use and exportation."* The 
 industry had attained such large proportions in 1790 that 
 more than 40,000 yards of lace were produced each year, 
 according to Mr. Felt, the annalist of our Town. 
 
 In 1824, the Boston and Ipswich Lace Co. was incor- 
 porated with a capital of $150,000. The house near the 
 Foot Bridge, still known as the old Lace Factory, was 
 bought and the manufacture of machine lace was begun. 
 The New England Lace Co., with a capital of $50,000, 
 was established in 1827, on High St., in the building 
 now included in the Joseph Ross homestead. Mr. 
 Fewkeshas told the story of the inception of these indus- 
 tries and their untimely ruin, in lucid fashion. The 
 Boston and Ipswich Co. closed its affairs in 1827, and 
 the New England in 1833. But the ancient industry of 
 pillow lace manufacture had been completely supplanted, 
 and never attained its former volume. 
 
 The influx of skilled Eng-lish artisans that has been of 
 the greatest industrial value to our Town began probably 
 about the year 1822, when Benjamin Fewkes and George 
 Warner came with their ''frame" for the machine knitting 
 of hosiery. Mr. Fewkes' confident assertion that stock- 
 ings were knit in old Ipswich in 1822, suggests that 
 Ipswich men were in the van of this great industry, as 
 Dr. Manning had been with his power looms in the 
 woolen manufacture. But the lace-making and stocking- 
 knitting were to be supplemented by another fruitful in- 
 dustry. Joseph Farley, the last in the line of millers, 
 was not content with the ancestral business of grinding 
 
 *Mr. M. V. B. Perley in hia History of Ipswich, in History of Essex County 
 Mass., Boston, 1878. 
 
30 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 
 
 coru. He couceived the scheme of utilizing the water 
 power, hitherto used for the grist mills and fulling mill 
 and the saw mill, for a cotton mill. A company was or- 
 ganized and work was begun on an extensive scale. 
 
 A new dam was built in 1827, an ancient ford way 
 across the river near the old Lace Factory was closed bj- 
 permission of the Town, and the stone mill was erected at 
 large expense. The machinery was started in 1<S30. In 
 1832 it had 3000 spindles and' 260 looms. It spun Xos. 
 30 and 32 yarn, used 80,000 lbs. of cotton, made 450,000 
 yards of cloth annually, worth from 9J to 10 cents. It 
 employed on an average 18 males and 63 females.* The 
 Ipswich Manufacturing Company, with Joseph Farley as 
 its President, operated boldly. The lower grist mills, 
 and other buildings on tlie Island were secured. Land on 
 Elm St. was bought, and permission of the owners of the 
 estate now owned by Mr. Clark Abell was secured, pre- 
 liminary to building a canal from the River above the 
 upper dam, across the Heard estate to the river. The 
 Asa Andrews estate and the old Lace Factory were 
 purchased and other lands, including the saw mill.f But 
 financial difficulties arose, and in 1836 Mr. Farley con- 
 veyeil his interests to the Company. In 1846, a new 
 Company, known as the Dane Manufacturincr Co.. pur- 
 chased the mills and other properties from the Ipswich 
 Manufacturing Co. The manufacture of drilling was 
 continued. 
 
 Meanwhile the hosiery manufacture and kindred indus- 
 tries were coming into greater prominence. The four 
 small manuf;ictories, mentioned by Mr. Fewkes, iu which 
 stockings were knit on hand frames, were supplemented 
 by a larger industry, as early as 1834. In a building, 
 erected by the Heard< at the Lower Mills, James Peat- 
 field and his brother Sanford, were engaged iu knitting 
 shirts and drawers upon a warp frame, invented by James, 
 at least as early as that year. 
 
 Encouraged by their success, the Peatfield brothers 
 bought the laud in 1840. and proceeded to build the brick 
 
 •Felt: Hist, of Ipswich, y>. UU. 
 
 f This old saw mill fell into ruin, but a new building for reener sawing was 
 built by Mr. Benjamin C. Hoyt, about 1S43. This was removed by Mr. -James M. 
 Wellington about the year 1S5S, to its present location on Count}- Street. 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 31 
 
 factory, now known as '' Hayes Tavern." It was efiuipped 
 with machinery invented by Jame.s, and began at once a 
 prosperous business in the {production of underwear. Mr. 
 Geo. W. Heard was the warm friend of the enteq)rise 
 and advanced money for the new manufactory. But the 
 business had been established only a few years, when Mr. 
 Heard was obliged to go into bankruptcy and the Peat- 
 fields were hopelessly involved. Mr. Heard began the 
 knitting business in the building at the Lower Mills about 
 1845, with Mr. Jabez Mann as Superintendent. He se- 
 cured the help of Mr. James Glover, who came from 
 England with a long warp machine. Mr. John liirch 
 and other skilled workmen were engaged as well. 
 
 Th<; Pcattield brothers lont their building and business 
 for a time, but recovered in a few years. Sanford Peat- 
 field sold his share of building and land, but James Peat- 
 field began the manufacture of the nets then in vogue for 
 women's wear, and continued it profitably for years. In 
 a building in the rear of the brick one, which was re- 
 moved from the County House land, a ncAv corporation, 
 known as the Lincoln Manufacturing Co., cariied on a 
 business first of weaving flannel, and later of hosiery' 
 making. 
 
 At Willowdale, within the bounds of Hamilton, Dr. 
 Thomas Manning had built a dam in 1829 and a wooden 
 saw mill. The mill was soon burned and another was 
 erected, which was used in part for the sawing of ve- 
 neers and for turning. The more permanent -tone build- 
 ings, the factory and the boarding-house on the hill slope, 
 were in process of erection, and about the year 1834, the 
 looms were installed and the weaving of woolen goods be- 
 gan. The factory was ow^ned by Dr. Manning and it was 
 called "Manning's Mills." During the War of the Re- 
 bellion hosiery machiner}' was in operation and in 1864, 
 there were manufactured 55,000 pairs of army socks and 
 woolen goods to the value of $135,000. 
 
 The hosiery makinjr gave way to the manufacture of 
 blankets, by the Willowdale Manufacturing Co., and many 
 houses had been erect^id for the operatives. The Mill was 
 destroyed by fire, January 12, 1884, and was not rebuilt. 
 The stone house has been taken down and except a tem- 
 
32 
 
 IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 
 
 porary use of a wooden building l)uilt on the ruins of the 
 old mill, no use has since been made of the water power 
 at this spot. 
 
 The decade 1860 to LSTO was the period of another 
 great advance in the textile industry of the Town. In 
 1863, Henry L. Ordway and Sylvanus F. Canney bought 
 a piece of land on County St., intending to establish a 
 saw mill. It was proposed that a yarn mill should be 
 erected instead. A capital stock of $40,000 was secured, 
 about half in our Town, and the Company was organized 
 with N. W. Pierce and George G. Colman of Boston, 
 Joseph Ross, Capt. Thomas Dodge and Henry L. Ord- 
 way of Ipswich as Directors, and the firm of Pierce, 
 Hardy & Co., as selling agents. 
 
 After about five years, the Corporation decided to use 
 its yarn. The capital was increased to $50',000, knitting 
 machinery was introduced and the manufacture of hosiery 
 was begun. A few years of great prosperity followed. 
 The capital was increased to $75,000, and the building 
 was enlarged and equipped with the most improved ma- 
 chines. The work produced was of the finest quality, 
 and the most skilful operatives earned ten and twelve 
 dollars a week. Employment was also furnished to three 
 shops, where skilled English hosiery makers worked on 
 hand frames. Burrows & Hunt, Chas. Bamford cS; Son, 
 employing eight men, and John Birch, with twelve men in 
 his employ, were constantly engaged on work for this 
 Mill. The stockholders rejoiced in ten per cent, divi- 
 dends, and ninety percent, of the original investment had 
 been paid to investors, when sudden calamity befell this 
 prosperous and promising business. The great fire in 
 Boston in the fall of 1873 consumed a large amount of 
 finished goods. The insurance companies were bank- 
 rupt and only 38 cents on a dollar were realized b}^ the 
 Company. From this time the business was conducted 
 in the face of great difficulties, but with less and less suc- 
 cess, until the doors were closed in January, 1885. 
 
 The manufacture of cotton cloth was continued in the 
 Stone Mill until 1868 or thereabout. In that year, Mr. 
 Amos A. Lawrence of Boston having purchased for 
 $70,000 the mills and other property owned by that cor- 
 
IPSWICH MILLS AND FACTORIES. 83 
 
 poration, transferred the property to the Ipswich Mills 
 Co. The cotton loom^ were removed and hosiery ma- 
 chinery was introduced. For a time, business was con- 
 ducted at a loss. The Company was unfortunate in 
 its superintendents, and the secret of profitable man- 
 ufacture was not attained. The loss Avas so great, that 
 Mr. Lawrence was on the verge of abandoning the enter- 
 prise, when a young Nottingham manufacturer, Mr, Ev- 
 erard H. Martin, was chosen superintendent. With his 
 coming, an era of prosperity dawned, and for many years, 
 this Corporation has been the chief industrial enterprise 
 of the town. When reverse overtook the Woolen Mills, 
 that property was purchased and has since been operated 
 by the Ipswich Mills. The plant has been enlarged from 
 time to time, and all branches of the business, even to 
 the making of the paper boxes, and the wooden shipping 
 cases, are now carried on, and a branch Mill is operated 
 in South Boston. At present, the superintendent is Mr. 
 Harry B. Brown. About 800 operatives are employed. 
 The annual product is estimated at a million dollars, and 
 the pay roll is from eight to ten thousand dollars a week. 
 
 The hand frame business prospered for many years. 
 James Glover manufactured nets, the Hallams produced 
 fine knit goods, and single frames were operated here and 
 there by a few expert workmen. But this line of manu- 
 facture has become unprofitable, and at the present time 
 it is said that the hand frame weavino; which beijan with 
 the operation of the pjiiglish loom, in 1822, has ceased and 
 the whole textile production of the Town is the output 
 of the Ipswich Mills. 
 
 The saw mills, once numerous, have suffered similar 
 decline. The Island, granted to Jonathan Wade, became 
 a busy centre of industry. A fulling mill, two saw mills 
 and a grist mill flourished in the 18"' century. A manu- 
 factory of knit goods was added in the 19"* century. 
 This building was used as a saw mill by the Damon heirs 
 and was burned some years ago. A single building, used 
 for a grist mill, originally, now stands unused. One 
 small saw mill and one grist mill, are the only represen- 
 tatives today of these ancient and important industries. 
 
ANNUAL MEETING. 
 
 The Annual Meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 was held December 7, 1903, at the House of the Society. 
 The following officers Avere elected. 
 
 President. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton, 
 Dh'ectors. — Charles A. Sayward, 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 John W. Nourse. 
 Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 
 
 Correspond'g Sec. and Jreasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 
 
 Social Committee. 
 
 Mrs. J. J. Sullivan, 
 Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, 
 Mrs. Edward F. Brown, 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
 Miss Susan C. Whipple, 
 Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 Miss C. Bertha Dobson. 
 
 The Committee was authorized to add three members 
 of their own choosing. 
 
 (34) 
 
PRESIDENT'S REPORT, DEC. 7, 11)03. 
 
 The year just closed has been devoid of any striking 
 features, yet it has been full of interest. 
 
 Our House continues to attract large numbers of visi- 
 tors, who are always enthusiastic in their admiration of 
 the ancient mansion. By a singular coincidence, the 
 number of names recorded is very uniform. In 1901, 
 there were 1,008 names, in 1902, 1,052, and in 190o, 
 1,097. The gain, though slight, is gratifying. Of these, 
 only 173 were names of Ipswich citizens. 483 were resi- 
 dents of other cities and towns in Massachusetts, and 402 
 were from other States, including representatives from 
 nearly every State, and a few from foreign lands- The 
 most noteworthy of our foreign visitors was Ali Kuli 
 Khan of Teheran, Persia, who appended, to his well writ- 
 ten English autograph, the indecipherable signs and sym- 
 bols of his native language. 
 
 The small number of Ipswich visitors is hardly a fair 
 test of the interest of our town's folk. Many come to the 
 house on social occasions, when names are not registered, 
 and it is encourao-inof to note that the names of our mem- 
 bers and town's people are invariably recorded with the 
 names of strangers. This indicates that visiting friends 
 are brought to the House, and reveals a real appreciation 
 of its interest and value. 
 
 The Woman's Club utilized the House on March 6th, 
 for their Reception to Visitors. The Old South Chapter 
 of the D. A. R. came on May 26, and the South Boston 
 Chapter of the D. R. on June 13th. The large Art 
 Class of jNIr. Dow came for an evening lecture by the 
 President on July 31st. The most significant gathering, 
 however, was the Annual Meeting of .the Daniel Hovey 
 Association on Aug. 6th. By permission of the Society, 
 
 (35) 
 
36 president's report. 
 
 a fine bronze tablet had been placed on the wall of the 
 Cabinet Room, bearing this inscription : 
 
 In 
 
 loving and reverent 
 
 memory 
 
 of 
 
 Daniel Hovey 
 
 born in England 1618 
 
 died in Ipswicli, 1692 
 
 This tablet is erected 
 by his descendants 
 
 at the beginning of the 
 twentieth century. 
 
 He was 
 
 a patriotic citizen 
 
 a righteous man 
 
 and a 
 
 sincere and consistent 
 
 Christian. 
 
 Services of dedication were held on that day. We wel- 
 come this as a forerunner of other memorials, which will 
 come in due time, we hope, and which will enhance the 
 interest and value of our rooms in marked degree. 
 
 By the kindness of Mr. Alvin Langdon Coburn of Bos- 
 ton, a photographic artist of rare skill, an exhibition of 
 his photographs of old houses in this vicinity, and other 
 specimens of his art, was held in September, 
 
 The usual suppers were spread, and in addition, a Mid- 
 summer Tea was devised, to afford opportunity^ for a 
 gathering of the summer contingent, many of whom are 
 members of the Society. This was largely attended, and 
 resulted in a handsome addition to our Treasury. 
 
 On nearly all these occasions, as well as the suppers, 
 our Social Committee served most appetizing lunches, 
 and our Society is greatly indebted to the ladies of this 
 Committee for their enthusiasm and zeal. It is a source 
 of especial gratification to them that the receipts from 
 these spreads have amounted to a total of $142. A por- 
 
president's report. 37 
 
 tion of this has been spent wisely in purchasing an abun- 
 dant supply of plated ware of good quality for table ser- 
 vice and some necessarj' kitchen ware. 
 
 The financial record of the year has been encouraging. 
 The total receipts were $747.33 against $648.64 in 1902 
 and $649.04 in 1901. Membership fees contributed 
 $408.50 to this sum. Door fees amounted to $143.98, 
 the sale of photographs brought $9,26 and the revenue 
 from publications amounted to $19.82. A venture has 
 been made also with a line of stationery which has been 
 fairly remunerative. 
 
 The expenses of the year have been unusually large. 
 The necessity of providing an acting curator last winter, 
 and the high price of fuel enlarged the house expenses 
 materially. A substantial fence, strong though not beau- 
 tiful, has been built around our grounds to prevent the 
 constant travel across our land. An old-fashioned well- 
 sweep has been erected, and the chimneys have been 
 topped out to help the draught. 
 
 These are all permanent improvements, and we need 
 not anticipate any further expense in this direction. Not- 
 withstanding these expenditures, the year has closed with 
 $142.25 in hand, and only one small account is outstand- 
 ing. 
 
 By the kindness of the late Mrs. Elizabeth M. Brown, 
 ahvays a sincere friend of the Society, a legacy of $500 
 will be paid by her executors within a few months. The 
 balance already in hand, added to this legacy will enable 
 the Society to make a considerable reduction in the debt 
 before another year has passed. 
 
 By the death of Daniel Fuller Appleton, Esq., the So- 
 ciety has lost a generous and enthusiastic friend. He has 
 always encouraged new measures and contributed liberally 
 to the funds needed to accomplish them. His gifts to the 
 Library have been of exceptional value. The ancient 
 manuscripts and rare books, intrinsically valuable, and of 
 especial interest to Ipswich, which he has bestowed, will 
 be a lasting memorial of his regard. 
 
 We regret to announce that Mr. and Mrs. Ralph W. 
 Burnham have ceased to be our curators. Mr. Burnham's 
 
38 president's report. 
 
 collection of rare china and beautiful old furniture has 
 added greatly to the attractiveness of the House. He 
 has always proved an atfable host, and he has done 
 especially good service for the Society during the last 
 year by a carefully written description of the House with 
 excellent illustrations, which was published in the Sep- 
 tember number of "The House Beautiful." Mrs. Burn- 
 ham has been an official of ideal excellence, painstaking 
 in her care of the rooms, gracious in her welcome of visi- 
 tors, and ready at all times to sacrifice her own conven- 
 ience, if the Society could gain any advantage. The 
 Society was singularly fortunate in securing their services 
 at the time when Miss Gray removed her furnishings, 
 and we have reason to regret their departure sincerely. 
 Mr. Burnham's furniture will remain until spring and in 
 the meantime, a vigorous effort should be made to secure 
 the permanent furnishing of the Parlor. Our Town is 
 rich in fine antiques, and it would seem that some gener- 
 ous, public spirited people might contribute pieces of 
 furniture that would restore again the glor}^ to Israel. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Washington Pickard were installed in 
 the House by Mr. Burnham, as substitute care-takers be- 
 fore his business affairs led him to decide on removal. 
 They will continue in charge through the winter. 
 
 The Bay State League of Historical Societies of Essex 
 and Middlesex, has been organized during the past year, 
 and this Society has become a member. Conference with 
 the representatives of other Societies at the meetings 
 of this body has made it plain that few Societies have ac- 
 complished as much as ours in securing permanent homes 
 for themselves and rousing a stronger historic spirit in their 
 communities. I have had the pleasure of a careful inspec- 
 tion of the great collections of the Concord Historical So- 
 ciety, and the unrivalled Museum of the Deerfield Society, 
 the life-work of Hon. George Sheldon, the venerable 
 President. Our Society may never attain such wealth of 
 historic treasures as these, but our House is of unique and 
 unapproachable value. As the burden of our mortgage 
 is lightened, we may soon have larger funds for the 
 work of publication, and when our Memorial Hall is 
 
president's report. 39 
 
 erected on our land near by, we shall have room for a col- 
 lection, which will be worthy of our ancient and honored 
 Town. 
 
 The gradual increase of our membership will furnish us 
 an increasing working fund, and some rich and generous 
 friends, proud of their Ipswich blood, will soon rise up, 
 we trust, to bestow on us a building for memorial, and 
 for use, which will enable us to make our Society all that 
 we desire. Already our Home has come to wide recog- 
 nition. The finest tribute to its value has recently been 
 paid by the State Historical Society of Wisconsin. This 
 Society wished to establish an historical museum in the 
 tine building erected for its use and a colonial kitchen was 
 a principal item of their plan. The Secretary, Mr. Reuben 
 G. Thwaites, formerly of Dorchester, arranged for the 
 construction of such a room within the long east hall of 
 the Museum. The "Madison Democrat" of February 4, 
 1904, reports the results of his efforts. 
 
 "After a visit of inspection early in November, to the 
 several ancient houses in the neighborhood of Boston, 
 which are now maintained as museums, he decided to take 
 as a model the kitchen of the Whipple homestead in the 
 quaint and beautiful old town of Ipswich, this carefully- 
 restored building being now the property of the Ipswich 
 Historical society. Ideas were also obtained at other old 
 houses particularly the famous Hancock-Clark house at 
 Lexington, and the much visited Antiquarian house at 
 Concord ; and numerous photographs were obtained of all 
 of these." 
 
 " The attempt to produce in our museum the general ef- 
 fect of the Ipswich kitchen has been eminently successful. 
 Prof. Joseph Jastrow, president of the Madison Art asso- 
 ciation, early became interested in the project and from 
 beginning to end devoted to it much time and thought. 
 To him is due a large share of the credit attaching to the 
 artistic result. The old oak beams of the original, now 
 blackened with age (for the Whipple house was built " in 
 part at least before 1642") , have been carefully reproduced ; 
 the spacious fireplace, constructed of blackened brick ob- 
 tained from Indiana, looks as though it had seen centuries 
 
40 president's report. 
 
 of service ; and the walls and shelves are hung with just 
 such articles of the olden time as would have been daily 
 needed in a kitchen of our forefathers in colonial days. 
 Interesting, indeed, are the tAvo fagades, front and rear — 
 the former being fitted with a two-seated porch ; while 
 opening through the latter is the sort of battened door 
 used in ancient days, and fastened by a wooden latch with 
 the latch-string hanging without." 
 
 Photographs of this kitchen have been received, which 
 show a remarkably fine reproduction. We anticipate an 
 increase of interest in our venerable House from this 
 source . 
 
REPORT OF CURATOR. 
 
 Dec. 1 : U)()2-1)ec. 1; 11)03. 
 
 Total names registered, - - - _ _ 1097 
 
 Ipswich residents, ---____ 173 
 
 Other towns and cities in Massachusetts, 483 
 
 From other states, ----___ 402 
 
 Total registration, - - - _ 1899 1,134 
 
 ----- 1900 1,513 
 
 ----- 1901 1,008 
 
 ------ 1902 1,052 
 
 ----- 1903 1,097 
 
 (41) 
 
REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE YEAR 
 ENDING DEC. 1, 1903. 
 
 T. Frank Waters in account with Ipswich Historical Society. 
 
 Dr. 
 Membership fees, $408 50 
 
 House account : 
 
 Fees at door, f 143 98 
 
 Sale of Photos, - - 9 26 
 
 Sale of publications, 19 82 
 
 Sale of stationery, - G70 
 
 Suppers and Teas (Feb. supper $39.34 ; Old South 
 
 T>. A. R., $15.06; South Boston D. R. $10.80; 
 
 Midsummer Tea, $42.65 ; Tea and Pho. exhibition 
 
 $9.50; Dec. supper, $26.20) - - - - 143 65 
 
 323 31 323 31 
 Gustavus Kinsman, one half fence, ... 15 52 
 
 747 33 
 Balance, Jane 1902, 215 02 
 
 $962 35 
 Cr. 
 Running expense of house, 
 including fuel, care of grounds, 
 
 and repairs, $152 53 
 
 Work on chimneys, - 17 25 
 
 Plated ware, etc., 39 00 
 
 Fence and well sweep, . . - - . 84 53 
 
 140 78 140 78 
 
 Printing account, 131 63 
 
 Interest account, Ill 08 
 
 Stationery, postage, etc., 32 77 
 
 Incidentals, -- 36 04 
 
 Cash in hand, 142 50 
 
 747 33 
 Cash, June 1902, 215 02 
 
 $962 35 
 (42) 
 
DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
 
 SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 
 
 DECEMBER 1, 1903. 
 
 John Alhree, Jr. The Traditions of the Old Weaver's 
 Clock. 
 
 Amer-ican Antk^uarian Society. Proceedings, 1903. 
 
 Damel Fuller a ri'LETON. Magnalia Christi Americana, 
 by Cotton Mather, A.M. London, 1702. A Di- 
 rectory for the Publi(|ue Worship of God throughout 
 the three kingdoms of England, Scotland and Ire- 
 land, with an Ordinance of Parliament taking away 
 the Book of Common Prayer. London, 1644. A 
 View of the new Directory and a Vindication of the 
 ancient Liturgy of the Church of England. Second 
 Edition. Oxford, 1646. 
 
 Brookline (The) Magazine. 
 
 RuFUS Choate- Bible — carried at the battle of Bunker 
 Hill by Francis Merritield (Loan). 
 
 Philip E. Clarke. First Principles of Astronomy and 
 Geography. Isaac Watts, D.D. London, 1736. 
 
 Benjamin H. Conant. Wenham Town Report, 1902-3. 
 
 Dudley (Gov. Thomas) Family Association. Pam- 
 phlet No. 1. Governor Thomas Dudley. 
 
 Mrs. Ellis. Old Flag of William Chapman, with 18 Stars. 
 
 Essex Institute. Historical Collections, 1903. 
 
 Friend. Cane owned and carried by Daniel Webster. 
 
 John S. Glover. Cane made from a piece of the 
 Kearsarge, with a head, turned from a fragment of 
 the old Constitution. 
 
 Mrs. John S. Glover. Veil from the brig Falconer, 
 wrecked on Ipswich Beach. Taken from the wreck 
 by David Spiller. Given by him to Mrs. William 
 Rust, mother of Mrs. Glover. 
 
 Luther S. Herrick. Beverly Annual Reports. 
 
 Augustine Jones. Life of Governor Thomas Dudley. 
 George Fox in New England in 1672. William 
 Rotch of Nantucket. 
 
 Kimball Family News. 
 
 Mrs. Edward P. Kimball. Woven Rug. 
 
 Howard Lane. Paper Weight, Ellery House. 
 
 (43) 
 
44 DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 
 
 Manchester Historic Association, Manchester, N. H. 
 
 The Historic Quarterly. 
 Medford Historical Society. Historical Register, 
 
 Vol. VI : No. 2. 
 Oneida Historical Society. Transactions, 1903. 
 Peabody Historical Society. Exercises attending the 
 
 unveiling of the tablet at the Birthplace of George 
 
 Peabody. 
 Mrs. Richards. Part of old Lamp. 
 Nathan P. Sanborn. Capt. John Glover and his Ma r- 
 
 blehead Regiment. 
 Charles A. Sayward. Deed of John Rogers, 1693. 
 George Sheldon. Publications of Poquumtuck Valley 
 
 Association. Vols, i and ii. 
 Charles C. Smith. Memoir of William Sumner Ap- 
 
 pleton. 
 Mrs. Ellen M. Smith. Works of Rev. John Flavel- 
 
 Vol. I. London, 1701. 
 J. G. R. Smith. MS. Sermons by Rev. Nathaniel 
 
 Rogers. Commission of Capt. Samuel Rogers, 1 739. 
 
 Deeds — Norton to Wise, 1723. Continental 
 
 money. Essex Gazette — 1771 — with an account of 
 
 the Boston Massacre. 
 Topsfield Historical Society. Publications. Vols, viii 
 
 and IX. ' 
 
 Bayard Tuckerman. Palfrey's History of New Eng- 
 land. Calefs Wonders of the Invisible World. 
 William P. Upham. John Cotton's, "Moses His Ju- 
 
 dicialls." 
 Daniel Wade. Supplement to the Year Book of 1899, 
 
 of the Society of Sons of the Revolution in the 
 
 State of New York, 1903. 
 Watertown Historical Society. Memorial discourse 
 
 on the Life and Character of its late President, Rev. 
 
 Edward A. Rand. 
 Mrs. Joseph Willcomb. Indian Implements collected 
 
 by the late Capt. Joseph Willcomb. 
 Oliver C. Willcomb. Willcomb Family, Sketch of 
 
 History of Ipswich. 
 Wisconsin State Historical Society. Memorial 
 
 Volume 1901. 
 
RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Dr. Charles E. Ames, 
 
 Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton, 
 
 Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 
 
 James W. Appleton, 
 
 Randolph M. Appleton, 
 
 Mrs. Helen Appleton, 
 
 Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 
 
 Dr. G. Guy Bailey, 
 
 Mrs. Grace F. Bailey, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 
 
 Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 
 
 John H. Baker, 
 
 Miss Katharine C. Baker, 
 
 Charles W. Bamford, 
 
 Miss Mary D. Bates, 
 
 John A. Blake, 
 
 Mrs. Caroline E. Bomer, 
 
 James W. Bond, 
 
 Warren Boynton, 
 
 Miss Annie Gertrude Brown, 
 
 Charles W. Brown, 
 
 Edward F. Brown, 
 
 Henry Brown* 
 
 Mrs. Carrie R. Brown, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Brown, 
 
 Miss Isabelle G. Brown, 
 
 Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 
 
 Robert Brown, 
 
 Miss Alice G. Burnham, 
 
 Ralph W. Burnham, 
 
 Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 
 
 Fred F. Byron, 
 
 Miss Joanna Caldwell, 
 
 Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 
 
 Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 
 
 Charles A. Campbell, 
 
 Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 
 
 Edward W. Choate, 
 
 Philip E. Clarke, 
 
 Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 
 
 Miss Lucy C. Coburn, 
 
 Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 
 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 
 Theodore F. Cogswell, 
 
 Arthur W. Conant, 
 
 Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
 Rev. Edward Constant, 
 Miss Roxie C Cowles, 
 Rev. Temple Cutler, 
 Arthur C. Damon, 
 Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
 Everett G. Damon, 
 Harry K. Damon, 
 Mrs. Abby Danforth, 
 Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
 Mrs. Grace F. Davis, 
 Mrs. Howard Dawson, 
 George G. Dexter, 
 Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 Harry K. Dodge, 
 Rev. John M. Donovan, 
 Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
 Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
 George Fall, 
 Miss Emeline C. Farley, 
 Mrs. Emma Farley, 
 Miss Lucy K. Farley. 
 Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
 Benjamin Fewkes, 
 James E. Gallagher, 
 John S. Glover, 
 Frank T. Goodhue, 
 John W. Goodhue, 
 William Goodhue, 
 John J. Gould, 
 Miss Harriet F. Gove, 
 David A. Grady, 
 James Graffum, 
 Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
 Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
 George Harris, 
 Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
 George H. W. Hayes, 
 Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
 Miss Alice Heard, 
 John Heard, 
 
 Mrs. Louise S. Hodgkins, 
 Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
 Charles G. Hull, 
 Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 
 
 (45) 
 
46 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 John A. Johnson, 
 
 Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 
 
 Albert Joyce, 
 
 Charles M. Kelly, 
 
 Fred A. Kimball, 
 
 Robert S. Kimball, 
 
 Miss Bethiah D. Kinsman, 
 
 Miss Mary E. Kinsman, 
 
 Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 
 
 Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 
 
 Mrs. Georgie C. Kyes, 
 
 Curtis E. Lakeman, 
 
 J. Howard Lakeman, 
 
 G. Frank Langdon, 
 
 Mrs. G. F. Langdon, 
 
 Austin L. Lord, 
 
 George A. Lord, 
 
 Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Thomas H. Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Lucretia S. Lord, 
 
 Walter E. Lord, 
 
 James F. Mann, 
 
 Everard H. Martin, 
 
 Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 
 
 Miss Abby L. Newman, 
 
 Mrs. Amanda K. Nichols, 
 
 William J. Norwood, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 
 
 John W. Nourse, 
 
 Charles H. Noyes, 
 
 Mrs. Harriet E. Noyes, 
 
 Rev. Reginald Pearce, 
 
 I. E. B. Perkins, 
 
 Miss Carrie S. Perley, 
 
 Augustine H. Plouff, 
 
 James H. Proctor, 
 
 James S. Robinson, .Jr. 
 
 Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 
 
 Rev. William H. Rogers, 
 
 Miss Anna W. Ross, 
 
 Fred. G. ^Ross, 
 
 Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 
 
 Joseph F. Ross, 
 
 Mrs. llelene Ross, 
 
 Dr. William H. Russell, 
 
 William S. Russell, 
 
 William W. Russell, 
 
 Daniel Saftbrd, 
 
 Emma Saftbrd, 
 
 Angus Savory, 
 
 Charles A. SayAvard, 
 
 Mrs. Henrietta W. Say ward, 
 
 George A. Scho field, 
 
 Amos E. Scotton, 
 
 Dexter M. Smith, 
 
 Mrs. Olive P. Smith. 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spauldlng, 
 
 George W. Starkey, 
 
 Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 
 Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 
 
 Miss Lucy Belle Story, 
 
 Edward M. Sullivan, 
 
 John J. Sullivan, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth M. Sullivan, 
 
 Arthur L. Sweetser, 
 
 Andrew S. Thomson, 
 
 Samuel H. Thurston, 
 
 George W. Tozer, 
 
 Miss Ellen R. Trask, 
 
 Francis H. Wade, 
 
 Jesse H. Wade, 
 
 Miss Nellie F. Wade, 
 
 Miss Emma E. Wait, 
 
 Luther Wait, 
 
 Rev. T. Frank Waters, 
 
 Mrs. Adeline M. Waters, 
 
 Miss Susan C. Whipple, 
 
 Fred G. Whittier, 
 
 Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 
 
 Miss Eva Adams Willcoinb, 
 
 Chester P. Woodbury . 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Frederick J. Alley 
 Mrs. Mary G. Alley 
 John B. Brown* 
 Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 
 Frank T. Burnham 
 Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
 Eben Caldwell 
 Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
 Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
 Miss Mira E. Caldwell 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 . Chicago, 111. 
 
 So. Framingham, Mass. 
 
 Kliot, Me. 
 
 Elizabeth, N. J. 
 
 . Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 
 'Summer home in Ipswich. 
 
NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 47 
 
 Rufus Choate 
 Alexander B. Clark 
 Mrs. Edward Cordis 
 Dr. Richard H. Derby 
 Joseph D. Dodge 
 Mrs. Edith S. Dole . 
 Arthur W. Dow* 
 Joseph K. Farley 
 Sylvanus C. Farley . 
 Edward B. George 
 Dr. E. S. Goodhue . 
 Samuel V. Goodhue 
 Miss Mary A. Hodgdon 
 Key. Horace C. Hovey 
 Miss Kuth A. Hovey 
 Gerald L. Hoyt* 
 Mrs. May Hoyt* 
 Miss Julia Hoyt* 
 Lydig Hoyt* 
 Albert P. Jordan 
 Edward Kavanagh . 
 Arthur S. Kimball . 
 Rev. John C. Kimball 
 Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
 Mrs. Mary B. Main 
 Mrs. Frances E. Markoe 
 Miss Heloise Meyer 
 Mrs. Anna Osgood* 
 Rev. Robert B. Parker* 
 Moritz B. Philipp* 
 Bowing W. Pierson 
 Fred. H. Plouflf, 
 A. Davidson Remick 
 James E. Richardson 
 Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
 Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
 Edward A. Smith 
 Miss Elizabeth P. Smith 
 Mrs. Harriette A. Smith* 
 Henry P. Smith 
 Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
 Mrs. Alice L. Story 
 Rev. William H. Thayer* 
 Miss Ann H. Treadwell 
 Bayard Tuckerman* 
 Charles S. Tuckerman* 
 Charles H. Tweed 
 Miss Laura B. Underbill* 
 Miss Martha E. Wade 
 Mrs. Caroline L. Warner 
 Henry C. Warner 
 Wallace P. Willett 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Willett 
 Robert D. Winthrop 
 Chalmers Wood* 
 
 Essex, Mass. 
 Peabody, Mass 
 Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 Newbury, Mass. 
 . Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Lihue, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. 
 Alton, 111. 
 Rowley, Mass. 
 Wailuku, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Forest Grove, Ore. 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 
 Fresno, California. 
 
 Essex, Mass. 
 
 Oberliu, O. 
 
 Sharon, Mass. 
 
 Middlebury, Conn. 
 
 Middletown, Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia, Penn. 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Orange, N. J. 
 
 . Providence, R. I. 
 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass 
 
 Salem, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . Cambridge, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . New York 
 
 ,N. Y 
 
 Salem, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . New York 
 
 N. Y 
 
 Salem, 
 
 Mass 
 
 Washington 
 
 D. C 
 
 Essex, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . Southboro, 
 
 Mass 
 
 amaica Plain, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . New York 
 
 N. Y 
 
 iBoston, 
 
 Mass 
 
 . New York 
 
 N, Y 
 
 . Somerville, 
 
 Mass 
 
 Swampscott, 
 
 Mass 
 
 East Orange, N. J. 
 '. New York, N. Y. 
 
 Summer home in Ipswich. 
 
48 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 LIFE MEMBER. 
 
 Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 
 
 Colorado Springs, Col. 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 John Albree, Jr. 
 Miss Lucy Hamniatt Brown 
 Charles W. Darling 
 Miss Caroline Farley 
 Frank C. Farley 
 Mrs. Kathcrine S. Farley 
 Mrs. Eunice W. Felton 
 Jesse Fewkes . 
 Reginald Foster 
 Augustus P. Gardner 
 Charles L. Goodhue 
 Miss Emily R. Gray 
 Arthur W. Hale 
 Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
 Otis Kimball 
 Mrs. Otis Kimball 
 Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
 Frederick J. Kingsbury 
 Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
 Miss Katherine P. Loring 
 Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
 Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
 Josiah H. Mann 
 Miss Adeline E. Manning 
 Henry S. Manning 
 Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
 George von L. Meyer 
 Miss Esther Parmenter 
 Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
 Frederic H. Ringe 
 Richard M. Saltonstall 
 Denison R. Slade 
 Joseph Spiller 
 Miss Ellen A. Stone 
 Harry W. Tyler 
 Albert Wade 
 Edward P. Wade 
 George Willcomb 
 Robert C. Winthrop, Jr. 
 
 Swampscott, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Utica 
 
 N. Y 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 Mass 
 
 So. Manchester 
 
 Conn 
 
 Cambridge 
 
 Mass 
 
 Newton, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Hamilton 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Springfield 
 
 Mass 
 
 Sauquoit 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 Winchester 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Salem, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Waterbury, 
 
 Conn. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 . Brookline, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Ipswich, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 . New York 
 
 , N. Y. 
 
 Rome, 
 
 Italy. 
 
 Rowley, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Ipswich, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Center Harbor, 
 
 N. H. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 East Lexington, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
 Alton, HI. 
 
 Boston, 
 
 Mass. 
 
... PUBLICATIONS .. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY. 
 
 I. The OratioQ by Rev. Washington Choate and the Poem by Rev. 
 
 Edgar F. Davis, on the 200th Anniversary of the Resistance to 
 the Andros Tax, 1887. Price 25 cents. 
 
 II. The President's Address and other Proctedings at the Dedica- 
 
 tion of their new room, Feb. 3, 1896. Price 10 cents, 
 
 ( III. Unveiling of the Memorial Tablets at tlie South Common and 
 I IV. Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 7, 1896. Price 25 
 cents. 
 
 V. The Early Homes of the Puritans and Some Old Ipswich Houses 
 
 with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, 1897. Price 60 cents. 
 (Out of print.) 
 
 VI. Exercises at the Dedication of the Ancient House with a History 
 
 of the House, and Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, 1898. 
 Out of print, but the History of the House is reprinted in Num- 
 ber X. 
 
 VII. A Sketch of the Life of John Winthrop the Younger, with 
 
 portrait and valuable reproductions of ancient documents 
 and autographs, by T. Frank Waters. Price $2.50. Postage 
 13 cents. 
 
 VIII. "The Development of our Town Government" and " Com- 
 
 mon Lands and Commonage," with the Proceedings at the 
 Annual Meeting, 1899. Price 25 cents. 
 
 IX. A History of the Old Argilla Road in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 
 
 by T. Frank Waters. Price 25 cents. 
 
 X. " The Hotel Cluny of a New England Village," by Sylvester Bax- 
 
 ter, and the History of the Ancient House, with Proceedings 
 at the Annual Meeting, 1900. Price 25 cents. 
 
 XI. The Meeting House Green and a Study of Houses and Lands in 
 
 that vicinity, with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 2, 
 1901. Price, 25 cents. 
 
 XII. Thomas Dudley and Simon and Ann Bradstreet. A Study of 
 
 House-Lots to Determine the Location of Their Homes, and, 
 the Exercises at the Dedication of Tablets, July 31, 1902, 
 with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 1, 1902. 
 
 XIII. "Fine Thread, Lace and Hosiery in Ipswich" by Jesse Fewkes, 
 
 and" Ipswich Mills and Factories," by T. Frank Waters, with 
 Proceedings at the Annual Meeting. Price 25 cents. 
 
-%■ 
 
 b 60CIJ: : 
 
 SIMP! E GOBLf: 
 
 ■ATHA^: 
 
<«t£isr 
 
 J.. 
 
THE 
 
 SIMPLE COBLE 
 
 OF 
 Aggavvamm in America. 
 
 WILLING 
 
 To help *mcnd his Native Country, la- 
 
 mciKably tattered^both in the upper-Leather 
 and folcwitb all the honcft ft itches he can take. 
 
 And as willing never to bee paid forhiswork^ 
 by Old Englifh wonted pay. 
 
 It is his Trade to patch all they ear hng^ gratis. 
 Therefore I pray Gentlemen keep yourpurfes. 
 
 By Theodore de U Guard. 
 Tht Tetirth Edition^ withfomeAtTtettdinents, 
 
 Iff rebus Arduis ac tenai fpe, fortifsima 
 quiquscoHflixtuttfsima funt, Cic. 
 
 In EngliUi, 
 When bootcs an<4 fhocs arc torne up to the kftj, 
 Coblers muft thraft their awles up to the hefts. 
 
 This iino time to feare ApeRes grAmm i 
 NeSuter ^nldemuhrM cre^Uam. 
 
 . LONDON, 
 
 Printed by 7' 2>. & t. L for Stefitn Ss'^'teS, at the fignc of the 
 Bible In Popes i4ad- Alley, 1647. 
 
F 
 
 - 1 
 
TO THE 
 
 READER 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 ^ray make a little room for a 
 Cohltry his work was done in time, 
 but a Jhip Jetting j^yle one day 
 too foon makes it appear e Jbme 
 weeks too late ^ Seeing hee is fo 
 reafonahleas to demand no other 
 pay for his labour and leather^ but leayi to pay us 
 ipeUfor our faults^ let it be well accepted , a^ Conn* 
 fell in dur occajtons to come^and as Tejlimony to what 
 ispafi, 
 
 By a Friend. 
 
SUTOR 
 ULTRA CREPIDAM. 
 
 '^£^S2^^ ITHER I am in an Appoplexie, or 
 "" that man is in a Lethargie, who 
 
 doth not now fenfibly feele God 
 fhaking the heavens over his head, 
 and the earth under his feet: The 
 Heavens fo, as the Sun begins to 
 ~jrp^i^^^9r/n turne into darknef fe, the Moon in- 
 '^0.,2.wiJc>^^i^J ^Q blood, the Starres to fall down 
 to the ground; So that little Light of Comfort or 
 Counfell is left to the fonnes of men: The Earth fo, 
 as the foundations are failing, the righteous fcarce 
 know where to finde reft, the inhabitants ftagger like 
 drunken men : it is in a manner diffolved both in Re- 
 ligions and Relations: And no marvell; for, they 
 have defiled it by tranfgreffing the Lawes, changing 
 the Ordinances, and breaking the Everlafting Cove- 
 nant. The Truths of God are the Pillars of the 
 world, whereon States and Churches may ftand 
 quiet if they will; if they will not, Hee can eafily 
 fhake them off into delufions, and diftractions e- 
 nough. 
 
 Sathan 
 
Tl^e Simple Cohler o^ 
 
 Here is lately brought us an Extract of a Magria 
 Charta, fo called, compiled between the Sub-planters 
 of a Weft-Indian Ifland; whereof the firft Article of 
 conftipulation, firmly provides free ftable-room and 
 litter for all kinde of confciences, be they never fo 
 dirty or jadifh; making it actionable, yea, treafon- 
 able, to difturbe any man in his Religion, or to dif- 
 commend it, whatever it be. Wee are very forry to 
 fee fuch profeffed prophaneneffe in Englifh Profef- 
 fors, as induftrioufly to lay tlieir Religious foundati- 
 ons on the ruine of true Religion; which ftrictly binds 
 every confcience to contend earneftly for the Truth: to 
 preferve U7iity of fpirit, Faith arid Ordinances, to be all 
 like minded, of one accord; every man to take his bro- 
 ther into his Chriftian care: to ftand fa ft with one fpi- 
 rit, with one mind, ftriving together for the faith of the 
 Gofpel. and by no meanes to permit Herefies or er- 
 ronious opinions: But God abhorring fuch loath- 
 fome beverages, hath in his righteous judgement 
 blafted that enterprize, which might otherwife have 
 profpered well, for ought I know; I pre fume their 
 cafe is generally knowne ere this. 
 
 If the devill might have his free option, I beleeve 
 he would ask nothing else, but liberty to enfranchize 
 all falfe Religions, and to embondage the true; nor 
 fhould hee need: It is much to be feared, that laxe 
 Tolerations upon State-pretences and planting necef- 
 fities, will be the next fubtle Stratagem he will fpread 
 to diftate the Truth of God and fupplant the peace of 
 the Churches. Tolerations in things tolerable, ex- 
 quifitely drawn out by the lines of the Scripture, and 
 penfill of the Spirit, are the facred favours of Truth, 
 
 the 
 
Aggavvam ia dmerica. 
 
 the due latitudes of Love, the faire Compartiments of 
 Chriftian fraternity: but irregular difpenfations, dealt 
 forth by the facilities of men, are the frontiers of er- 
 ror, the redoubts of Schifme, the perillous irritaments 
 of carnall and fpirituall enmity. 
 
 My heart hath naturally detefted f oure things : The 
 itanding of the Apocrypha in the Bible; Forrainers 
 dwelling in my Countrey, to crowd out native Sub- 
 jects into the corners of the Earth; Alchymized 
 coines; Tolerations of divers Religions, or of one 
 Religion in fegregant fhapes: He that willingly af- 
 fents to the laft, if he examines his heart by day-light, 
 his confcience will tell him, he is either an Atheift, or 
 an Heretique, or an Hypocrite, or at beft a captive to 
 fome Luft: Poly-piety is the greateft impiety in the 
 world. True Religion is Ignis probationis, which doth 
 congregare homogeriea & fegregare heterogenea. 
 
 Not to tolerate things meerly indifferent to weak 
 confciences, argues a confcience too ftrong: preffed 
 uniformity in thefe, caufes much difunity: To tole- 
 rate more then indifferents, is not to deale indifferent- 
 ly with God : He that doth it, takes his Scepter out of 
 his hand, and bids him ftand by. Who hath to doe to 
 inftitute Religion but God. The power of all Religion 
 and Ordinances, lies in their purity: their purity in 
 their fimplicity: then are mixtures pernicious. J lived 
 in a City, where a Papift preached in one Church, a 
 Lutheran in another, a Calvinift in a third ; a Luthe- 
 ran one part of the day, a Calvinift the other, in the 
 fame Pulpit: the Religion of that place was but mot- 
 ly and meagre, their affections Leopard-like. 
 
 If the whole Creature fhould confpire to doe the 
 
 B 2 Crea- 
 
The Simple Cobler of 
 
 Creator a mifchiefe, or offer him an infolency, it 
 would be in nothing more, than in erecting untruths 
 againft his Truth, or by fophifticating his Truths 
 with humane medleyes: the removing of fome one 
 jota in Scripture, may draw out all the life, and tra- 
 verfe all the Truth of the whole Bible: but to autho- 
 rife an untruh, by a Toleration of State, is to build a 
 Sconce againft the walls of heaven, to batter God out 
 of his Chaire: To tell a practicall lye, is a great fin, 
 but yet tranfient; but to fet up a Theoricall untruth, is 
 to warrant every lye that lyes from its root to the top 
 of every branch it hath, which are not a few. 
 
 I would willingly hope that no Member of the 
 Parliament hath skilfully ingratiated himfelfe into the 
 hearts of the Houfe, that he might watch a time to 
 midwife out fome ungracious Toleration for his own 
 turne, and for the fake of that, fome other, I would 
 alfo hope that a word of generall caution fhould not 
 be particularly mifapplied. I am the freer to fuggeft 
 it, becaufe I know not one man of that mind, my aime 
 is generall, and I defire may be fo accepted. Yet good 
 Gentlemen, look well about you, and remember how 
 Tiberius play'd the Fox with the Senate of Rome, and 
 how Fabius Maximus cropt his ears for his cunning. 
 
 That State is wife, that will improve all paines and 
 patience rather to compofe, then tolerate differences in 
 Religion. There is no divine Truth, but hath much 
 Coeleftiall fire in it from the Spirit of Truth: nor no 
 irreligious untruth, without its proportion of Antifire 
 from the fpirit of Error to contradict it: the zeale of 
 the one, the virulency of the other, muft neceffarily 
 kindle Combuftions. Fiery difeafes feated in the 
 
 fpirit. 
 
Aggavvam in Jmerica. 
 
 fpirit, imbroile the whole frame of the body: others 
 more externall and coole, are leffe dangerous. They 
 which divide in ReUgion, divide in God; they who 
 divide in him, divide beyond Genus Generalifjimum, 
 where there is no reconeihation, without atonement; 
 that is, without uniting in him, who is One, and in 
 his Truth, which is alfo one. 
 
 Wife are thofe men who will be perfwaded rather 
 to live within the pale of Truth where they may bee 
 quiet, than in the purlieves, where they are fure to be 
 hunted ever & anon, do Authority what it can. Every 
 fingular Opinion, hath 'a fingular opinion'of it felf ; and 
 he that holds it a fingular opinion of himfelf , & a fim- 
 ple opinion of all contra-fentients : he that confutes 
 them, muft confute al three at once, or elfe he does no- 
 thing; which will not be done without more ftir than 
 the peace of the State or Church can indure. 
 
 And prudent are thofe Chriftians, that will rather 
 give what may be given, then hazard all by yeelding 
 nothing. To fell all peace of Country, to buy fome 
 peace of confcience unfeafonably, is more avarice than 
 thrift, imprudence than patience : they deal not equal- 
 ly, that fet any Truth of God at fuch a rate; but they 
 deal wifely that will ftay till the Market is fallen. 
 
 My prognofticks deceive me not a little, if once 
 within three feaven years, peace prove not fuch a pen- 
 ny-worth at moft Marts in Chriftendome, that 'hee 
 that would not lay down his money, his luft, his opi- 
 nion, his will, I had almoft faid the beft flower of his 
 Crowne for it, while he might have had it; will tell 
 his own heart, he plaid the very ill husband. 
 
 Concerning Tolerations I may further affert. 
 
 B3 That 
 
The Simple Cobler of 
 
 That Perfecution of true Religion, and Toleration 
 of falfe, are the Jannes and Jambres to the Kingdome 
 of Chrift, whereof the laft is farre the worft. Augu- 
 Jtines tongue had not owed his mouth one penny-rent 
 though he had never ipake word more in it, but this, 
 Nullum malum pejus libertate err audi. 
 
 Frederick Duke of Saxon, fpake not one foote be- 
 yond the mark when he faid. He had rather the Earth 
 fhould fwallow him up quick, then he fhould give a 
 toleration to any opinion againft any truth of God. 
 
 He that is willing to tolerate any Religion, or dif- 
 crepant way of Religion, befides his own, unleffe it 
 be in matters meerly indifferent, either doubts of his 
 own, or is not fincere in it. 
 
 He that is willing to tolerate any unfound Opinion, 
 that his own may alfo be tolerated, though never fo 
 found, will for a need hang Gods Bible at the Devills 
 girdle. 
 
 Every Toleration of falfe Religions, or Opinions 
 hath as many Errours and fins in it, as all the falfe 
 Religions and Opinions it tolerats, and one found 
 one more. 
 
 That State that will give I>iberty of Confcience in 
 matters of Religion, muft give Liberty of Confcience 
 and Converfation in their Morall Laws, or elfe the 
 Fiddle will be out of tune, and fome of the ftrings 
 crack. 
 
 He that will rather make an irreligious quarell with 
 other Religions then try the Truth of his own by va- 
 luable Arguments, and peaceable Sufferings; either 
 his Religion, or himfelfe is irreligous. 
 
 Experience will teach Churches and Chriftians, 
 
 that 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 
 
 that it is farre better to live in a State united, though 
 a Httle Corrupt, then in a State, whereof tome Part 
 is incorrupt, and all the reft divided. 
 
 I am not altogether ignorant of the eight Rules gi- 
 ven by Orthodox divines about giving Tolerations, 
 yet with their favour I dare affirme, 
 
 That there is no Rule given by God for any State 
 to give an aflSrmative Toleration to any falfe Religi- 
 on, or Opinion whatfoever; they muft connive in 
 fome Cafes, but may not concede in any. 
 
 That the State of England (fo farre as my Intelli- 
 gence ferves) might in time have prevented with eafe 
 and may yet without any great difficultie deny both 
 Toleration, and irregular connivences /a/7;a Republica. 
 
 That if the State of England fhall either willingly 
 Tolerate, or weakly connive at fuch Courfes, the 
 Church of that Kingdome will fooner become the 
 Devils dancing-Schoole, then Gods Temple: The 
 Civill State a Beare-garden, then an Exchange: The 
 whole Realme a Pais bale then an England. And 
 what pity it is, that that Country which hath been the 
 Staple of Truth to all Chriftendome, fhould now be- 
 come the Aviary of Errors to the whole world, let 
 every fearing heart judge. 
 
 I take Liberty of Confcience to be nothing but a 
 ireedome from fmne, and error. Confcientia ifi tantum 
 libera, in quantum ah errore liberata. And Liberty of 
 Errour nothing but a Prifon for Confcience. Then 
 fmall will be the kindneffe of a State to build fuch Pri- 
 fons for their Subjects. 
 
 The Scripture faith, there is nothing makes free but 
 Truth, and Truth faith, there is no Truth but one: 
 
 If 
 
10 
 
 The Simple Xohler of 
 
 If the States of the World would make it their fumm- 
 operous Care to preferve this One Truth in its purity 
 and Authority it would eafe you of all other Politi- 
 call cares. I am fure Sathan makes it his grand, if not 
 only taske, to adulterate Truth; Falfhood is his fole 
 Scepter, whereby he firft ruffled, and ever fince ruined 
 the World. 
 
 If Truth be but One, me thinks all the Opinionifts 
 in England fhould not be all in that One Truth, fome 
 of them I doubt are out. He that can extract an unity 
 out of fuch a difparity, or contract fuch a difparity in- 
 to an unity; had need be a better Artift, then ever was 
 Drebell. 
 
 If two Centers (as we may fuppofe) be in one Cir- 
 cle, and lines drawn from both to all the points of the 
 Compaffe, they will certainly croffe one another, and 
 probably cut through the Centers themfelves. 
 
 There is talk of an univerfall Toleration, I would 
 talke as loud as I could againft it, did I know what 
 more apt and reafonable Sacrifice England could offer 
 to God for his late performing all his heavenly Truths 
 then an univerfall Toleration of all hellifh Errors, or 
 how they fhall make an univerfall Reformation, but 
 by making Chrifts Academy the Divills Univerfity, 
 where any man may commence Heretique per faltum; 
 where he that is fllius Diabolicus, or fimpliciter pef- 
 fimus, may have his grace to goe to Hell cum Publico 
 Privilegio; and carry as many after him, as he can. 
 
 Religio docenda eft, non coercenda is a prety piece of 
 album Latinum for fome kinde of throats that are wil- 
 lingly fore, but Hwrejis dedocenda eft non permittendaf 
 will be found a farre better Diamoron for the Gar- 
 
 garifmes 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 
 
 11 
 
 garifmes this Age wants, if timely and throughly 
 apply ed. 
 
 If there be roome in England for 
 
 Religious 
 Men but 
 
 ^amitifis 
 
 JLihettints 
 
 Erdfiidns 
 
 AntitrinitdrtAm 
 
 Anahaptifts 
 
 Antifmptunjfs 
 
 Arminians 
 
 MdnifefiAridns 
 
 Millinaries 
 
 Aminovnans 
 
 Socinians 
 
 Arrians 
 
 Perfefiifls 
 
 Brorvnifls * 
 
 MortAlians 
 
 Seekers 
 
 the rotn 
 for 
 
 pernicious Enthufiafts^ 
 Heretiques i'c. 
 
 GoodSpi- 
 rits.but vc 
 ry Devils. 
 
 ' M.incs 
 Lemur ts 
 DK^Acfes 
 Homddrfddcs 
 Potamides 
 Ndiddes 
 Hinnides 
 Pierides 
 Nereides 
 Pales 
 Aaonides 
 ParcAdes 
 Caftalides 
 Monides 
 Charites 
 Helicomdes 
 Pega fides. 
 
 In a word room for Hell above ground. 
 
 It is faid, Though a man have light enough himfelfe 
 to fee the Truth, yet if he hath not enough to enligh- 
 ten others, he is bound to tolerate them, Ijwill engage 
 my felf , that all the Devills in Britanie fhall fell them- 
 felves to their fhirts, to purehafe a Leafe of this Pofi- 
 
 C tion 
 
 * By Brownifts 
 I mean not In- 
 dependents, be- 
 dew-clawd Se- 
 peratifts: far 
 be it from me 
 to wrong godly 
 Independents 
 I truely ac- 
 knowledge 
 that I judge 
 my felf neither 
 able nor wor- 
 thy to honour 
 fome of them 
 as thev deferve 
 
12 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 tion for three of their Lives, under the Seale of the 
 Parhament. 
 
 It is faid, That Men ought to have Liberty of their 
 Con faience, and that it is perfecution to debarre them 
 of it: I can rather ftand amazed then reply to this: 
 it is an aftonifhment to think that the braines of men 
 fhould be parboyl'd in fuch impious ignorance; Let 
 all the wits under the Heavens lay their heads toge- 
 ther and finde an Affertion worfe then this (one ex- 
 cepted) I will petition to be chofen the univerfall I- 
 deot of the world. 
 
 It is faid, That Civill Magiftrates ought not to 
 meddle with Ecclefiafticall matters. 
 
 I would anfwer to this fo well as I could, did 
 I not know that fome papers lately brought out of 
 New-England, are going to the Preffe, wherein the 
 Opinions of the Elders there in a late Synod, concer- 
 ning this point are manifefted, which I fuppofe will 
 give clearer fatisf action then I can. 
 
 The true Englifh of all this their falfe Latine, is no- 
 thing but a generall Toleration of all Opinions; 
 which motion if it be like to take, it were very requi- 
 fite, that the City would repaire Pauls with all the 
 fpeed they can, for an Englifh Pantheon, and beftow 
 it upon the Sectaries, freely to affemble in, then there 
 may be fome hope that London will be quiet in time. :| 
 
 But why dwell I fo intolerable long about Tolera- 
 tions, I hope my fears are but panick, againft which 
 I have a double cordiall. First, that the Parliament 
 will not though they could: Secondly, that they can- 
 not though they would grant fuch Tolerations. God 
 who hath fo honoured them with eminent wifdome 
 
 in 
 
i^liliimiin I \ft I 
 
 Aggavvam in dmirica, 13 
 
 in all other things, will not fiiffer them to caft both 
 his, and their Honour in the duft of perpetuall Infa- 
 my, doe what they can; nor fhall thofe who have 
 fpent fo great a part of their fiibftance in redeeming 
 their Civill Liberties from Ufurpation, lofe all that 
 remaines in enthralling their fpirituall Liberty by To- 
 leration. 
 
 It is faid Opinionifts are many, and ftrong, that de 
 funt Vires, that it is turbata rcspublica, I am very for- 
 ry for it, but more forry, if defpondency of minde 
 fhall caufe the leaft tergiverfation in Gods Worthies, 
 who have receiv'd fuch pledges of his prefence in their 
 late Counfels, and Conflicts. It is not thoufands of O- 
 pinionifts that can pinion his Everlafting armes, I can 
 hardly beleeve there is a greater unbeleever then my 
 Selfe, yet I can verily beleeve that the God of Truth 
 will in a fhort time fcatter them all like fmoake be- 
 fore the wind. I confeffe I am troubled to fee Men 
 fo over-troubled about them; I am rather glad to 
 heare the Devill is breaking up houfe in England, and 
 removing fomewhither elfe, give him leave to fell all 
 his rags, and odde-ends by the out-cry; and let his 
 petty Chapmen make their Market while they may, 
 upon my poore credit it will not laft long. Hee that 
 hath done fo much for England will go on to perfect 
 his owne praife, and his Peoples Peace: Let good 
 men ftand ftill, and behold his further Salvation. He 
 that fitteth in the Heavens laughs at them, the moft 
 High hath them in Derifion, and their folly fhall cer- 
 tainly be manifefted to all men. 
 
 Yet I dare not but adde, and in the Name of God 
 will adde, that if any Publique members of Church or 
 
 C 2 State, 
 
14 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 State, have been either open fautors, or private abet- 
 ters of any blafphemoiis, contagious Opinions, It will 
 be their wifdome to proportion their repentance to 
 their Sin, before God makes them PubHque monu- 
 ments of Ignominie, and Apoftafie. 
 
 Thirdly, That all Chriftian States, ought to dif- 
 avow and decry all fuch Errors, by fome peremp- 
 tory Statutary Act, and that in time, that Subjects 
 knowing fully the minde of the State, might not de- 
 lude themfelves with vaine hopes of unfufferable 
 Liberties. It is leffe to fay, Statuatur Veritas, mat 
 Regnuvi, than Fiat fuftitia,ruat Ocp/wm/but there is no 
 fuch danger in either of them. Feare nothing Gentle- 
 men, Rubiconevitranfiiftis, jacta eft alea, ye have turned 
 the Devill out of doores; fling all his old parrell after 
 him out at the w indows, left he makes another errand 
 for it againe. Qucf relinquuntur in morbis poft indica- 
 tionem, recidivas facere confuevere. Chrift would have 
 his Church without fpot or wrinckle; They that help 
 make it fo, fhall lofe neither honour nor labour: If 
 yee be wife, fuffer no more thorns in his fides or your 
 owne. When God kindles fuch fires as thefe, hee 
 doth not ufually quench them, till the very fcum on 
 the pot fides be boyled cleane away, Ezek. 24. 10, 11. 
 Yee were better to doe it your felves, than leave it to 
 him : the Arme of the Lord is mighty, his hand very 
 heavy; who can dwell with his devouring fire, and 
 long lafting burnings ? 
 
 Fourthly, to make fpeedy provifion againft Ob- 
 ftinates and Diffeminaries : where under favour, two 
 things will be found requifite. First, variety of pe- 
 naltyes, I meane certaine, not indefinite: I am a 
 
 Crabbat 
 
Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 15 
 
 Crabbat againft Arbitrary Government. Experi- 
 ence hath taught us here, that poUticall, domefticall, 
 and perfonall refpects, will not admit one and the 
 fame remedy for all, without fad inconveniences. Se- 
 condly, juft feverity: perfecution hath ever fpread 
 Truth, profecution fcattered Errour: Ten of the moft 
 Chriftian Emperors, found that way beft; SchoUars 
 know whom I meane: Five of the ancient Fathers 
 perfwaded to it, of whom Angujtine was one, who 
 for a time argued hard for indulgency : but upon con- 
 ference with other prudent Bifhops, altered his judge- 
 ment, as appears in three of his Epiftles, to Marcelli- 
 nus, Donatus, and Boniface. I would be underftood, 
 not onely an Allower, but an humble Petitioner, that 
 ignorant and tender confcienced Anabaptifts may 
 have due time and means of conviction. 
 
 Fifthly, That every Prophet, to whom God hath 
 given the tongue of the learned, fhould teach, and e- 
 very Angel who hath a pen and inkehorne by his 
 fide write againft thefe grieving extravagancies: 
 writing of many books, I grant is irkefome, reading 
 endleffe. A reafonable man would thinke Divines 
 had declaimed fufficiently upon thefe Themes. I have 
 ever thought the Rule given, Titus 3. 10. which cuts 
 the work fhort and fharpe to be more properly pre- 
 valent, then wearifome waiting upon unweariable 
 Spirits. It is a most toylfome taske to run the wild- 
 goofe chafe after a well-breath 'd Opinionift: they 
 delight in vitihtigation : it is an itch that loves alife 
 to be fcrub'd: they defire not fatisfaction, but fatif- 
 diction, whereof themfelves muft be judges: yet in 
 new eruptions of Error with new objections, filence 
 is finfull. C 3 As 
 
i() The Simple Cohler of 
 
 As for my felf, I am none of the difputers of this 
 world: all I can doe, is to gueffe when men fpeak 
 true or f alfe Divinity : if I can but finde the parentall 
 root, or formall reafon of a Truth, I am quiet; if I 
 cannot, I fhore up my f lender judgement as long as 
 I can, with two or three the handfomeft ])rops I can 
 get: I fhall therefore leave Arguments to acuter 
 heads, and onely fpeak a word of Love, with all 
 Chriftian refpect to our deare Brethren in England^ 
 which are againft Baptizing of Infants: I intreate 
 them to confider thefe few things ferioufly and meek- 
 ly. Firft, what a high pitch of boldneffe it is for man 
 to cut a piincipall Ordinance out of the Kingdome of 
 God; If it be but to make a diflocation, which fo 
 far difgoods the Ordinance, I feare it altogether un- 
 hallows it, to tranf place or tranftime a ftated Inftitu- 
 tion of Chrift, without his direction, I thinke, is to 
 deftroy it. Secondly, what a Cruelty it is to de- 
 veft Children of that onely externall priviledge 
 which their heavenly Father hath bequeathed them 
 to intereft them vifibly in Himfelfe, His Son, His 
 Spirit, His Covenant of Grace, and the tender bo- 
 fome of their carefull Mother the Church. Thirdly, 
 what an Inhumanity it is, to deprive Parents of that 
 comfort they may take from the baptifme of their In- 
 fants dying in their Childeliood. Fourthly, How 
 unfeafonable and unkindly it is, to interturbe the 
 State and Church with thefe Amalekitifh on-fets, 
 when they are in their extreame pains of travell with 
 their lives. Fifthly, to take a through view of thofe 
 who have preambled this by path. Being fometimes 
 in the Crowds of foraigne Wederdopers, that is. 
 
 Ana- 
 
Aggavvam ia dmcrica. 17 
 
 Anabaptifts; and prying into their inward frames 
 with the beft eyes I had ; I could not but obferve thefe 
 di^uifed guifes in the generahty of them. 
 
 Firft, a flat formahty of Spirit without fait or fa- 
 vour in the fpiritualties of Chrift, as if their Religion 
 began and ended in their Opinion. Secondly, a f hal- 
 low flighting of fuch as difcent from them, appearing 
 too often in their faces, fpeeches and carriages. Third- 
 ly, a feeble, yet peremptory obftinacy; feldome are 
 any of them reclaimed. Fourthly, a fhamefuU fliding 
 into other fuch tarpauling tenets, to keep themfelves 
 dry from the fhowers of luftice, as a rationall minde 
 would never entertain, if it were not Errour-blafted 
 from Heaven and Hell. I fhould as fhrewdly fufpect 
 that Opinion, that will cordially corrive with two or 
 three fottifh errours, as that faith that can profeffedly 
 live with two or three fordid fins. I dare not feare 
 our godly Brethren in England to be yet comming to 
 this paffe; how foon they may, themfelves know not, 
 the times are flippery: They will undoubtedly finde 
 God as jealous of his Ordinances, as themfelves are 
 zealous of their Opinions. 
 
 Sixthly, that Authority ought to fee their Subjects 
 children baptized, though their Parents judgements 
 be againft it, if there be no other Evangelicall barre 
 in the way. 
 
 Seventhly, that prudent men, efpecially young, 
 fhould doe well not to ingage themfelves in confe- 
 rence with Errorifts, without a good calling and great 
 caution; their breath is contagious, their leprey fprea- 
 ding: receive not him that is weak, faith the Apoftle 
 to doubtfull difputations ; much leffe may they run, 
 
 them- 
 
18 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 themfelves into dangerous Sophiftications. He ufually 
 hears beft in their meetings, that ftops his ears clo- 
 feft; he opens his mouth to beft purpofe, that keeps it 
 fhut, and he doth beft of all, that declines their com- 
 pany as wifely as he may. 
 
 Brethren, have an extraordinaiy care alfo of the 
 late Theofophers, that teach men to climbe to heaven 
 upon a ladder of lying figments. Rather then the de- 
 vill will lofe his game, he will out-fhoot Chrift in his 
 owne bow; he will out-law the Law% quite out of the 
 word and world: over-Gofpell the Gofpell, and qui- 
 danye Chrift, with Sugar and Rats-bane. Hee was 
 Profeffour not long fince at Schleftat in Alfatia, where 
 he learned, that no poyfon is fo deadly as the poyfon 
 of Grace. 
 
 The wifeft way, when all is faid, is with all humi- 
 lity and feare, to take Chrift as himfelfe hath revealed 
 himfelfe in his Gofpel, and not as the Devill prefents 
 him to preftigiated fanfies. I have ever hated the 
 way of the Rofie-Crucians, who reject things as 
 Gods wifedome hath tempered them, and will have 
 nothing but their Spirits. If I were to give phyfick to 
 Spryts, I would do fo too: but when I want Phyfick 
 for my body, I would not have my foule tartared: 
 nor my Animall Spirits purged any way, but by my 
 Naturall, and thofe by my bodily humours, and thofe 
 by fuch Ordinaries, as have the neareft vicinage to 
 them, and not by Metaphyficall Limbeckings. I can- 
 not thinke that materia prima or jecunda, fhould bee 
 good for me, that am at leaft. Materia millefsima fex- 
 centejima quadragefima quinta. 
 
 Here I hold my felfe bound to fet up a Beacon, to 
 
 give 
 
Aggavvam in America. 
 
 19 
 
 give warning of a new-fprung Sect of phrantalticks, 
 which would perfwade themfelves and others, that 
 they have difcovered the Nor-weft paffage to Hea- 
 ven. Thefe wits of the game, cry up and downe in 
 corners fuch bold ignotions of a new Gofpell, new 
 Chrift, new Faith, and new gay-nothings, as trouble 
 unfetled heads, querulous hearts, and not a little grieve 
 the Spirit of God. I defire all good men may be fa- 
 ved from their Lunatick Creed, by Infidelity; and ra- 
 ther beleeve thefe torrid overtures will prove in time, 
 nothing but horrid raptures downe to the loweft hell, 
 from which he that would be delivered, let him avoid 
 thefe blafphemers, a late fry of croaking Frogs, not 
 to be indured in a Religious State, no, if it were pof- 
 fible, not an houre. 
 
 As fome are playing young Spaniels, quefting at 
 every bird that rifes; fo others, held very good men, 
 are at a dead ftand, not knowing what to doe or fay; 
 and are therefore called Seekers, looking for new 
 Nuntio's from Chrift, to affoile thefe benighted que- 
 ftions, and to give new Orders for new Churches. I 
 crave leave with all refpect to tell them, that if they 
 looke into Act 20. 20. 25. Gal 1. 8. 9. 1 Tim. 6. 13.16. 
 and finde them not there; they may happily feek as 
 the young Prophets did for Eliah's corps, where it ne- 
 ver was, nor ever will be found. 
 
 I cannot imagine why the Holy Ghoft fhould give 
 Timothie the folemneft charge, was ever given mor- 
 tall man, to obferve the Rules he had given, till the 
 comming of Chrift, if new things muft be expected. 
 
 Woe be to them, who ever they be, that fo trouble 
 the wayes of God that they who have found the way 
 
 D to 
 
20 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 to heaven cannot find the way to Church: And 
 woe be to them, that fo gaze at the glorious Hght, 
 they fay, will breake forth in the thoufand yeares to 
 come, that they make little of the gratious Truth that 
 hath been revealed thefe fixteen hundred years paft. 
 And woe be to them that fo under-value the firft Ma- 
 fter Builders, I mean the Apoftles of Chrift, that un- 
 leffe he fends wifer than they. He muft be accounted 
 leffe faithfull in his houfe than Mofes was. 
 
 I have caufe enough to be as charitable to others 
 as any man living; yet I cannot but feare, that thofe 
 men never Moored their Anchors well in the firme 
 foile of Heaven; that are weather-waft up and down 
 with every eddy-wind of every new doctrine. The 
 good Spirit of God doth not ufually tie up the 
 Helme, and fuffer paffengers to heaven to ride a drift, 
 hither and thither, as every wave and current carries 
 them: that is a fitter courfe for fuch as the Apoftle 
 calls wandring Starrs and Meteors, without any cer- 
 taine motion, hurried about with tempefts, bred of 
 the Exhalations of their owne pride and felfe-witted- 
 neffe: whofe damnation fleepeth not, and to whom 
 the mift of darkneffe is referved for ever, that they 
 may fuffer irreparable fhipwrack upon the Sands and 
 Rocks of their owne Errors, being of old ordained 
 to condemnation. 
 
 Eightly, let all confiderate men beware of un- 
 grounded opinions in Religion : Since I knew what to 
 feare, my heart hath dreaded three things: a bla- 
 zing ftarre appearing in the aire: a State Comet, I 
 meane a favourite rifing in a Kingdome, a new Opi- 
 nion fpreading in Religion: thefe are Exorbitancies : 
 
 which 
 
Aggavvam in America. 21 
 
 which is a formidable word; a vacuum and an exor- 
 bitancy, are mundicidious evils, Concerning Novel- 
 ties of opinions ; I f hall expreffe my thoughts in thefe 
 briefe paffages. Firft, that Truth is the beft boone 
 God ever gave the world: there is nothing in the 
 world, world, any further then Truth makes it fo, it 
 is better then any creat' E71S or Bonum, which are but 
 Truths twins. Secondly, the leaft Truth of Gods 
 Kingdome, doth in its place, uphold the whole King- 
 dome of his Truths; Take away the leaft vericulum 
 out of the world, and it un worlds all, potentially, and 
 may unravell the whole texture actually, if it be not 
 conferved by an Arme of fuperiordinary power. 
 Thirdly, the leaft Evangelicall Truth is more worth 
 than all the Civill Truths in the world, that are meer- 
 ly fo. Fourthly, that Truth is the Parent of all li- 
 berty whether politicall or perfonall; fo much un- 
 truth, fo much thraldome, loh. 8. 32. 
 
 Hence it is, that God is fo jealous of his Truths, that 
 he hath taken order in his due juftice: Firft, that no 
 practicall fin is fo finfull as fome errour in judgement; 
 no man fo accurfed with indelible infamy and dedo- 
 lent impenitency, as Authors of Herefie. Second- 
 ly, that the leaft Error, if grown fturdy and preffed, 
 fhall let open the Spittle-doore of all the fquint-eyd', 
 wry-necked, and brafen-faced Errors that are or ever 
 were of that htter; if they be not enough to ferve its 
 turne, it will beget more, though it hath not one cruft 
 of reafon to maintain them. Thridly, that that State 
 which will permit Errors in Religion, fhall admit Er- 
 rors in Policy unavoidably. Fourthly, that that Po- 
 licy which will fuffer irrehgious errors, fhall fuffer the 
 
 D 2 loffe 
 
22 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 loffe of fo much Liberty in one kind or other, I will 
 not exempt Venice, Rhagufe, the Cantons, the Nether- 
 lands, or any. 
 
 P^An eafie head may foon demonftrate, that the pre- 
 mentioned Planters, by Tolerating all Religions, had 
 immazed themfelves in the moft intolerable confufi- 
 ons and inextricable thraldomes the world ever heard 
 of. I am perfwaded the Devill himfelfe was never 
 willing with their proceedings, for feare it would 
 breake his wind and wits to attend fuch a Province. 
 I fpeak it ferioufly, according to my meaning. How 
 all Religions fhould enjoy their liberty, Juftice its due 
 regularity, Civill cohabitation morall honefty, in 
 one and the fame Jurifdiction, is beyond the Attique 
 of my comprehenfion. If the whole conclave of Hell 
 can fo compromife, exadverfe, and diametricall con- 
 tradictions, as to compolitize fuch a multimonftrous 
 maufrey of heteroclytes and quicquidlibets quietly; I 
 truft I may fay with all humble reverence, they can do 
 more then the Senate of Heaven. My modus loquendi 
 rmrdoned; I intirely wifh much welfare and more 
 w ifdom to that Plantation. 
 
 It is greatly to be lamented, to obferve the wanton 
 fearleffeneffe of this Age, efpecially of younger pro- 
 feffors, to greet new opinions and Opinionifts: as if 
 former truths were growne fuperannuate, and fap- 
 leffe, if not altogether antiquate. Non fenefcet Veritas. 
 No man ever faw a gray haire on the head or beard 
 of any Truth, wrinckle, or morphew on its face: 
 The bed of Truth is green all the yeare long. Hee 
 that cannot folace himfelfe with any faving truth, as 
 affectionately as at the firft acquaintance with it, 
 
 hath 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 23 
 
 hath not only a faftidious, but an adulterous heart. 
 
 If all be true we heare, Never was any people un- 
 der the Sun, fo fick of new opinions as Englifh-men; 
 nor of new fafhions as Englijh-women: If God helpe 
 not the one, and the devill leave not helping the other, 
 a blind man may eafily forefee what will become of 
 both. I have fpoken what I intend for the prefent to 
 men ; I fhall fpeak a word to the women anon : in the 
 mean time I intreat them to prepare patience. 
 
 Ninthly, that godly humble Chriftians ought not 
 to wonder impatiently at the wonderfull workes of 
 God in thefe times : it is full Seafon for him to worke 
 Soveraign worke, to vindicate his Soveraignty, that 
 men may feare before him. States are unftated. Ru- 
 lers growne Over-rulers, Subjects worfe then men. 
 Churches-decayed. Tofts, Profeffors, empty casks 
 filled with unholy humours; I fpeake not of all, but 
 too many; I condemne not the generation of the juft 
 God hath his remnant, whom he will carefully pre- 
 ferve. If it bee time for men to take up Defenfive 
 Arms against fuch as are called Gods, upon the point 
 of Salus populi, it is high time for him that is God in- 
 deed, to draw his Sword againft wormes and no 
 men, upon the point of Majeftas imperii: The pier- 
 cing of his Sword fhall difcover the thoughts of many 
 hearts. 
 
 Laftly, I dare averre, that it ill becomes Chriftians 
 any thing well-fhod with the preparation of the 
 Gofpel, to meditate flight from their deare Countrey 
 upon thefe difturbances. Stand your grounds ye Ele- 
 dzars and Shammahs, ftir not a foot fo long as you 
 have halfe a foot of ground to ftand upon : after one or 
 
 D 3 two 
 
24 7h Simple Cobler of 
 
 two fucli Worthies, a great Victory may be regained, 
 and flying I/rael may returne to a rich fpoile. Englifh- 
 men, be advifed to love England, with your hearts and 
 to preferve it by your Prayers. I am bold to fay that 
 fince the pure Primitive time, the Gofpel never thri- 
 ved fo well in any foile on earth, as in the Brittifh, nor 
 is the like goodneffe of nature, or Cornucopian plenty 
 elfe- where to be found: if ye lofe that Country and 
 finde a better before ye come to Heaven, my Cofmo- 
 graphy failes me. I am farre from difcouraging any, 
 whom neceffity of Confcience or condition thrufts 
 out by head and fhoulders: if God calls any into a 
 Wilderneffe, Hee will be noe wilderneffe to them, 
 Jer. 2. 31. witneffe his large beneficence to us here 
 beyond expectation. 
 
 Ye fay, why come not we over to helpe the Lord 
 againft the Mighty, in thefe Sacred battailes: 
 
 I anfwer, many here are diligently obferving the 
 counfell of the fame Prophet, 22. 10. Weepe not for 
 him that is dead, neither bemoa7i him; but weep for him 
 that is gone away and f hall returne no more to fee his Na- 
 tive Country. Divers make it an Article of our Ameri- 
 can Creed, which a celebrate Divine of England hath 
 obferved upon Heb. 11.9. That no man ought to for- 
 fake his owne countrey, but upon extraordinary caufe, 
 and when that caufe ceafeth, he is bound in confcience 
 to returne if he can : We are looking to him who hath 
 our hopes and feafons in his only wife hand. 
 
 In the mean time we defire to bow our knees before 
 the Throne of Grace day and night, that the Lord 
 would be pleafed in his tender mercy to ftill the fad 
 unquietneffe and per-peracute contentions, of that 
 
 moft 
 
Aggavvam in dmmca. 25 
 
 moft comfortable and renowned Ifland, that at length 
 He may have praife in his Churches, and his Chur- 
 ches peace in him, through Jefus Chrift. 
 
 SHould I not keepe promife in f peaking a little to 
 Womens fafhions, they would take it unkindly: I 
 was loath to pefter better matter with fuch ftuffe; 
 I rather thought it meet to let them ftand by them- 
 felves, like the Quce Genus in the Grammer, being 
 Deficients, or Redundants, not to be brought under 
 any Rule: I fhall therefore make bold for this once, 
 to borrow a little of their loofe tongued Liberty, and 
 mifpend a word or two upon their long-wafted, but 
 fhort-skirted patience: a little ufe of my ftirrup will 
 doe no harme. 
 
 Ridentem dicere verum, quid prohibet? 
 
 Gray Gravity it felfe can well beteam. 
 That Language be adapted to the Theme. 
 He that to Parrots /peaks, muft parrotife: 
 He that inftructs a foole, may act th'unwife. 
 
 It is known more then enough, that I am neither 
 Nigard, nor Cinick, to the due bravery of the true 
 Gentry: if any man mif likes a buUymong droffock 
 more then I, let him take her for his labour : I honour 
 the woman that can honour her felfe with her attire : a 
 good Text alwayes deferves a fair Margent; I am not 
 much offended, if I fee a trimme, far trimmer than fhe 
 that weares it: in a word, whatever Chriftianity or 
 Civility will allow, I can afford with London mea- 
 
 fure: 
 
26 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 fure: but when 1 heare a nugiperous Gentledame in- 
 quire what dreffe the Queen is in this week: what the 
 nudiuftertian fafhion of the Court; with egge to be in 
 it in all liafte, whatever it be; I look at her as the very 
 gizzard of a trifle, the product of a quarter of a cypher, 
 the epitome of Nothing, fitter to be kickt, if fhee were 
 of a kickable fubftance, than either honour 'd or hu- 
 mour 'd. 
 
 To fpeak moderately, I truly confeffe it is beyond 
 the ken of my underftanding to conceive, how thofe 
 women fhould have any true grace, or valuable ver- 
 tue, that have fo little wit, as to diffigure themfelves 
 with fuch exotick garbes, as not only difmantles their 
 native lovely luftre, but tranfclouts them into gant- 
 bar-geefe, ill-fhapen-fhotten-fhell-fifh, Egyptian Hye- 
 roglyphicks, or at the beft into French flurts of the 
 paftery, which a proper Englifh woman fhould fcorne 
 with her heels : it is no marvell they weare drailes on 
 the hinder part of their heads, having nothing as it 
 feems in the fore-part, but a few Squirrils brains to help 
 them frisk from one ill-favour 'd fafhion to another. 
 
 The/e whimm^Crown^d/hees, theje fafhion-fan/ying wits. 
 Are empty thin brain'' d /hells, and fidling Kits. 
 
 The very troublers and impoverifhers of mankind, 
 I can hardly forbeare to commend to the world a fay- 
 ing of a Lady living fometime with the Queen of Bo- 
 hemia, I know not where fhee found it, but it is pitty 
 it fhould be loft. 
 
 The world is full of care, much like unto a bubble; 
 
 women 
 
Aggavvam in dmertca. 27 
 
 Women and care, and care and women, and women and 
 
 {care and trouble. 
 
 The Verfes are even enough for fuch odde peg- 
 ma's I can make my felfe ficke at any time, with com- 
 paring the dazHng fplender wherewith our Gentle- 
 women were imbelHfhed in fome former habits, with 
 the gut-foundred goofdom, wherewith they are now 
 furcingled and debauched. Wee have about five or 
 fix of them in our Colony : if I fee any of them acci- 
 dentally, I cannot cleanfe my phanfie of them for a 
 moneth after. I have been a folitary widdower almoft 
 twelve yeares, purpofed lately to make a ftep over to 
 my Native Country for a yoke-fellow: but when I 
 confider how women there have tripe-wifed them- 
 felves with their cladments, I have no heart to the 
 voyage, leaft their naufeous fhapes and the Sea,fhould 
 work too forely upon my ftomach. I fpeak fadly ; me 
 thinkes it fhould breake the hearts of Englifh-men, to 
 fee fo many goodly Englifh-women imprifoned in 
 French Cages, peering out of their hood-holes for 
 fome men of mercy to help them with a little wit, and 
 no body relieves them. 
 
 It is a more common then convenient faying, that 
 nine Taylors make a man: it were well if nineteene 
 could make a woman to her minde : if Taylors were 
 men indeed, well f urnifhed but with meer morall prin- 
 ciples, they would difdain to be led about like Apes, 
 by fuch mymick Marmofets. It is a moft unworthy 
 thing, for men that have bones in them, to fpend their 
 lives in making fidle-cafes for futulous womens phan- 
 fies; which are the very pettitoes of Infirmity, the 
 
 E giblets 
 
28 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 giblets of perquifquilian toyes. I am fo charitable 
 to think, that moft of that myftery would worke 
 the cheerfuller while they live, if they might bee 
 well difcharged of the tyring flavery of mif-tyring 
 women: it is no little labour to be continually put- 
 ting up Englif h-women into Out-landifh caskes ; who 
 if they be not fhifted anew, once in a few months, 
 grow too fowre for their Husbands. What this Trade 
 will anfwer for themfeives when God fhall take mea- 
 fure of Taylors confciences is beyond my skill to i- 
 magine. There was a time when 
 
 The joyning of the Red-Ro/e with the White, 
 Did fet our State into a Damask plight. 
 
 But now our Rofes are turned to Flore de lices, our 
 Carnations to Tuhps, our Gilliflowers to Dayzes, our 
 City-Dames, to an indenominable Quaemalry of o- 
 verturcaf 'd things. Hee that makes Coates for the 
 Moone, had need to take meafure every noone : and he 
 that makes for women, as often, to keepe them from 
 Lunacy. 
 
 I have often heard divers Ladies vent loud femi- 
 nine complaints of the wearifome varieties and charg- 
 Aii the Coun- ^^^^ changes of f af hions : I marvell themfeives pre- 
 ties and fhires ferrc not a Bill of rcdreffc. ff would Efjex Ladies 
 hav^haTwars would lead the Chore, for the honour of their Coun- 
 in them fince ty and pcrfous ; or rather the thrice honorable La- 
 bu^EffeTwiiich^i^s of the Court, whom it beft beefemes: who may 
 is oneiy free, wcl prcfume of a Le Roii le veult from our fober Kins:, 
 thankfuU ^ -^^^ Seigueurs ont affentus from our prudent Peers, 
 
 and the like Af/entus, from our confiderate, I dare not 
 
 fay 
 
Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 29 
 
 fay wife-worne Commons: who I beleeve had much 
 rather paffe one fuch Bill, than pay fo many Taylors 
 Bills as they are forced to doe. 
 
 Moft deare and unparallel'd Ladies, be pleafed to 
 attempt it : as you have the precellency of the women 
 of the world for beauty and feature; fo affume the ho- 
 nour to give, and not take Law from any, in matter 
 of attire: if ye can tranfact fo faire a motion among 
 your felves unanimouf ly, I dare fay, they that moft re- 
 nite, will leaft repent. What greater honour can your 
 Honors defire, then to build a Promontory prefident 
 to all foraigne Ladies, to deferve fo eminently at the 
 hands of all the Englifh Gentry prefent and to come: 
 and to confute the opinion of all the wife men in the 
 world; who never thought it poffible for women to 
 doe fo good a work ? 
 
 If any man think I have fpoken rather merrily than 
 ferioufly he is much miftaken, I have written what I 
 write with all the indignation I can, and no more then 
 I ought. I confeffe I veer'd my tongue to this kinde 
 of Language de indu/tria though unwillingly, fuppo- 
 fing thofe I fpeak to are uncapable of grave and rati- 
 onall arguments. 
 
 I defire all Ladies and Gentlewomen to underftand 
 that all this while I intend not fuch as through necef- 
 fary modefty to avoyd morofe fingularity, follow fa- 
 fhions flowly, a flight fhot or two off, fhewing by 
 their moderation, that they rather draw countermont 
 with their hearts, then put on by their examples. 
 
 I point my pen only againft the light-heel'd beagles 
 that lead the chafe fo f aft, that they run all civility out 
 of breath, againft thefe Ape-headed pullets, which 
 
 E 2 invent 
 
30 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 invent Antique foole-fangles, meerly for fafhion and 
 novelty fake. 
 
 In a word, if I begin once to declaime againft fafhi- 
 ons, let men and women look well about them, there 
 is fomewhat in the bufineffe; I confeffe to the world, 
 I never had grace enough to be ftrict in that kinde; 
 and of late years, I have found fyrrope of pride very 
 wholefome in a due Dos, which makes mee keep I'uch 
 ftore of that drugge by me, that if any body comes 
 to me for a queftion-full or two about fafhions, they 
 never complain of me for giving them hard meafure, 
 or under-weight. 
 
 But I addreffe my felf to thofe who can both hear 
 and mend all if they pleafe : I feriouf ly fear, if the pi- 
 ous Parliament doe not find a time to ftate fafhions, 
 as ancient Parliaments have done in part, God will 
 hardly finde a time to ftate Religion or Peace : They 
 are the furquedryes of pride, the wantonneffe of idle- 
 neffe, provoking fins, the certain prodromies of affu- 
 red judgement, Zcph. 1. 7, 8. 
 
 It is beyond all account, how many Gentlemens 
 and Citizens eftates are deplumed by their feather- 
 headed wifes, what ufefuU fupplies the pannage of 
 England would afford other Countries, what rich re- 
 turnes to it felfe, if it were not flic 'd out into male and 
 female fripperies: and what a multitude of mif-im- 
 ploy'd hands, might be better improv'd in fome more 
 manly Manufactures for the publique weale : it is not 
 eafily credible, what may be faid of the preterplura- 
 lities of Taylors in London: I have heard an honeft 
 man fay, that not long fince there were numbered be- 
 tween Temple-barre and C having -Croffe, eight thou- 
 
 fand 
 
Aggavvam ia Amtrica. 3i 
 
 fand of that Trade : let it be conjectured by that pro- 
 portion how many there are in and about London, and 
 in all England, they will appeare to be very nume- 
 rous. If the ParUament would pleafe to mend wo- 
 men, which their Husbands dare not doe, there need 
 not fo many men to make and mend as there are. I 
 hope the prefent dolefull eftate of the Realme, will 
 perfwade more ftrongly to fome confiderate courfe 
 herein, than I now can. 
 
 Knew I how to bring it in, I would fpeake a word 
 to long haire, whereof I will fay no more but this: 
 if God proves not fuch a Barbor to it as he threatens, 
 unleffe it be amended, Efa. 7. 20. before the Peace of 
 the State and Church be well fetled, then let my pro- 
 phefie be fcorned, as a found minde icornes the ryot 
 of that fin, and more it needs not. If thofe who are 
 tearmed Rattle-heads and Impuritans would take up 
 a Refolution to begin in moderation of haire, to the 
 juft reproach of thofe that are called Puritans and 
 Kound-heads, I would honour their manlineffe, as 
 much as the others godlineffe, fo long as I knew what 
 man or honour meant : if neither can finde a Barbours 
 fhop, let them turne in, to Pjal 68.21. Jer. 7.29.1 Cor. 
 11.14. if it be thought no wifdome in men to diftin- 
 guifh themfelves in the field by the Sciffers, let it bee 
 thought no Injustice in God, not to diftinguifh them 
 by the Sword. I had rather God fhould know me by 
 my fobriety, than mine enemy not know me by my 
 vanity. He is ill kept, that is kept by his owne fin. A 
 f hort promife, is a f arre faf er guard than a long lock : 
 itlis an ill diftinction which God is loth to looke at, 
 and his Angels cannot know his Saints by. Though 
 
 E 3 it 
 
32 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 it be not the mark of the Beaft, yet it may be the mark 
 of a beaft prepared to flaughter. I am fure men ufe 
 not to weare fuch manes; I am alfo fure Souldiers 
 ufe to weare other marklets or notadoes in time of 
 battell. 
 
 HAving done with the upper part of my work, I 
 would now with all humble willingneffe fet on 
 the beft peece of Soule-leather I have, did I not fear I 
 fhould break my All, which though it may be a right 
 old Englifh blade, yet it is but little and weake. I 
 fhould efteem it the beft piece of workmanfhip my 
 Cobling hand ever wrought, if it would pleafe Him 
 whofe worke it is, to direct me to fpeake fuch a word 
 over the Sea, as the good old woman of Abel did o- 
 ver the wall, in the like exigent: but alas, I am but 
 fimple. What if I be? 
 
 When States dishelv'd are, and Lawes untwijt. 
 Wife men keep their tongues, fools /peak what they lift. 
 
 I would not be fo unwife as to grieve the wife, if I 
 were wife enough to forefee it: I would fpeake no- 
 thing to the Caufe or Continuance of thefe weari- 
 fome Warres hitherto; the one is enough debated, the 
 other more than enough peracted. Nor would I de- 
 claime of the uncomlineffe, unbrotherlineffe, unfea- 
 fonableneffe and unreafonableneffe of thefe direfull 
 digladiations : every ftroak ftruck founds too loud 
 upon this harfh ftring. I would much rather fpeake 
 perfwafives to a comely brotherly feafonable and 
 reafonable ceffation of Armes on both fides, by a 
 
 drawn 
 
Aggavvam in dmerica. 33 
 
 drawn battaile: Wherein if I fhall adventure a few 
 over-bold words, I intreat my ignorance, impartiality, 
 and Loyalty may plead pardon for me. 
 
 Foure meanes there are, and no more, within the 
 compaffe of my confideration, conducing to what is 
 defired. Either to get the Standard fixed in heaven 
 by the Lord of Hofts taken downe, I meane by Re- 
 formation : Or to let up white colours inftead of red, 
 on one fide or other, I meane by Compofition: Or 
 by furling up all the Enfignes on both fides, I meane 
 by mutuall and generall Ceffation: Or by ftill dif- 
 playing all the Colours and Cornets of every batalli- 
 on, I mean by profecution : without Reformation there 
 will hardly be any Compofition; without Compofi- 
 tion little hope of Ceffation; without Ceffation there 
 muft and will be Profecution; which God forbid. 
 
 Reformatio7i. 
 
 WHen the Roman Standard was defixed with 
 fuch difficulty at the battaile between Hanni- 
 ball and Flaminius at Thrafimene, it proved an ill O- 
 men. When God gives quietneffe, who can make trouble; 
 when he hideth his face, who can behold him? Whether 
 it be againft a Nation or a man onely. That the Hypo- 
 crite r eigne not, left the people be infnared. Job 34. 
 29, 30. How can the fword of the Lord put it felfe 
 up into its fcabbard and be quiet, when himfelf hath 
 given it a charge to the contrary ? Jer. 47. 6, 7. It was 
 a Cardinall Truth which Cardinall Poole fpake to 
 H. 8. Penes Reges eft inferre bellum, penes aidem Deum 
 terminare. If Kings will make their beginnings, God 
 will make his ends: much more when him felfe be- 
 gins 
 
34 TJf Simple Cobler of 
 
 gins: When I begin, I will alfo make an end, 1 Sam. 
 3. 12. Farre better were it, for men to make an end 
 with him in time, than put him to make fuch an end 
 with them as he there intends. 
 
 Pohticall Reformation he feemes to call for now 
 indigitanter. When he beholds Chriftian Kingdomes 
 and States nnfoimd in their foundations, illiueal in 
 their fuperftructures, unjuft in their adminiftrations; 
 he kicks them in peeces with the foot of his Indigna- 
 tion: But when Religious Statefmen frame and build 
 by the levell and plummet of his wifdome, then {)eo- 
 ple may fay as his fervants of old, Looke upon Zion 
 the City of our Solemnities; Your eyes fhall fee it a qui- 
 et habitation, a Tabernaele that fhall not be taken down ; 
 not (me of the flakes thereof fhall be removed, neither fhall 
 any of the eoards thereof bee broken, Ifa. 33.20. neither 
 by civill Commotions nor foraign Invafions, When 
 the eoards of a State are exquifitely tight, ami the 
 ftakes firmely pitched; fuch a Tent though but a Tent 
 fhall not eafily flutter or fall: But // the Tarklings be 
 fo loofe, that the maine Maft cannot ftand fteady, nor the 
 Saile be vjellfpread; then may the lame take and deride a 
 great prey, ver. 23. If Heligiou, Laws, lyiberties, and 
 foraigne Federacies be flight: the ftrength of ftrong 
 men fhall beweakneffe, and the weaknene of the weak 
 victorious. 
 
 Pura polite ja ne unum admiittitfolcreifm ulum, n eq ueva- 
 let,pra'frripfio in politieis out moralibus. \\ lujiy main- 
 tain a bright coiijecliire, agaiiift a rufly 'I'ruth : a legi- 
 ble poffeffion, againft an obhlerate (^laime: an in- 
 convenience, agaiiift a coiivciiieiice; wIkmt no cleare 
 remedy may be had: but never aiiythiiig Ihat is for- 
 mally 
 
Aggavvam ia Jjmrica. 35 
 
 mally I'infiill, or materially miichiovoiis. When rot- 
 ten States are iouiuUy meiuled from head to foot, pro- 
 portions duly admeafured. Juftice jultly difpeueed; 
 then fhall Riders and Subjects have peace with Ciod 
 and themielves: but till then, the gayeft Kingdomes 
 fhall be but rutHiniX fcutHing, removiui:: and comino- 
 ving hovells. For l^mjland, however the upper Sto- 
 ries are f broadly fJiattered; yet the foundations and 
 frame being good or mendable by the Architectors 
 now at worKC, there is good hope, when peace is tet- 
 led, people fhall dwell more wind-tight and water- 
 tight than formerly, I earneftly wifh our Mr. Builders 
 to remember, that punctuality in Divinity and Tolitie, 
 is but regularity; that what is'amifte in the mould, will 
 misfafhion the profult : and that if this market be flipt. 
 things may grow as deare as ever they were. Mott 
 expert (icntlemen, bee intreated at length to let our 
 Head right on our Shoulders, that we nuiy once look- 
 upwards and goe forwards like {>roper Kugliriimen. 
 
 God will alio have Eeclefiafticall Uefornuition 
 now, or nothing: And here he ftands not upon Kings, 
 Parliaments ov Airend)lies, but upon his t>wn 'IVrmes. 
 1 feare lice will have all droffe and bale mettalls 
 throughly melted away bv thei'e combuftions, before 
 llee (|uenches them; all Ins Ordinances and vcl tells 
 caft into his own faf'hion, in his tnvn nu>uld, to his 
 own aniufsifn, before he reltiuvs [)cacc. If this (irlt 
 worke bee thn)ughiy and throughoutly ditnatched as 
 1 hope it is, the great Ixtniora is removed. It the Parli- 
 ament and AlTiMubly be pleated to be as curious and 
 induftrious as 1 have (vvu a great Popilh Hifhop in 
 
 F execra- 
 
36 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 execrating a Proteftant Par. Church one day, and con- 
 fecrating it the next; they may adjourn a while with 
 leave enough, 
 
 Some ten or twelve years before thefe Wars there 
 came to my view thefe two Predictions. 
 
 1 . When God fhall purge this Land with foap and nitre , 
 Woe he to the Crowne, woe be to the Mitre. 
 
 The Accent of the blow fhall fall there. 
 He that pities not the Crowne, pities not his own 
 foule. Hee that pities not thofe that wore the Mitre, 
 more than they pitied themfelves, or the Churches 
 over which they infulted, or the State then corrupted 
 and now Corruined by their pride and negligence, is 
 to blame. 
 
 2. There is a fet of Bifhops comming next behind^ 
 Will ride the Devill off his legs, and break his wind. 
 
 Poore men ! they might have kept his back till this 
 time for ought I know, had they not put him beyond 
 his pace: but Schollers muft gallop, though they 
 tumble for it. Yet I commend them for this, they 
 gave him fuch ftraynes as made him blow fhort ever 
 fince. I doubt the Affembly troubles him; and I doubt 
 he troubles them. Well, the Bifhops are gone: If they 
 have carried away with them all that was in the poc- 
 kets of their Holliday hofe, farre them well; let them 
 come againe when I give them a new Conge d* /tier, 
 or fend a purfuivant for them; which if I doe, I fhall 
 never truft my felfe more, though they have often 
 
 done 
 
Aggavvam in Jmerica. 37 
 
 done it for me, who never deferved^that honour. Some 
 of them I confeffe were very-^honeft men, and would 
 have been honefter if they dared for their fellows. 
 
 The fad worke now is to inftitute better things in 
 their Roome, and to induct better men in their roome; 
 rather where and how to'finde thofe things, they ha- 
 ving cunningly laid them fo farre out of the way; I 
 doubt some good men cannot fee them, when they 
 look full upon them: it is like, the Bifhops carryed 
 away their eyes with them, but I fear they left their 
 Spectacles behind them. I ufe no fpectacles, yet my 
 eyes are not fine enough, nor my hand fteady enough 
 to cut by fuch fine threads as are now fpun, I am I 
 know not what; I cannot tell what to make of my 
 felfe, nor I think no body elfe : My Trade is to finde 
 more faults than others will mend; and I am very 
 diligent at it; yet it fcarfe findes me a living, though 
 the Country finds me more worke than I can turne 
 my hand to. 
 
 For Church worke, I am neither Presbyterian, nor 
 plebsbyterian, but an Interpendent : My task is to fit 
 and ftudy how fhapeable the Independent way will 
 be to the body of England, then my head akes on one 
 fide; and how fuitable the Presbyterian way, as we 
 heare it propounded, will be to the minde of Chrift, 
 then my head akes on the other fide : but when I con- 
 fider how the Parliament will commoderate a way 
 out of both, then my head leaves aking. I am not, 
 without fome contrivalls in my patching braines; but 
 I had rather fuppofe them to powder, than expofe 
 themtopreregular,much leffe to preter- regular Judge- 
 ments : I fhall therefore rejoyce that the worke is fain 
 
 F 2 into 
 
38 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 into fo good hands, heads, and hearts, who will weigh 
 Rules by Troyweight, and not by the old Haber-du- 
 pois: and rather then meddle where I have fo little 
 skill, I will fit by and tell my feares to them that have 
 the patience to heare them, and leave the red-hot'que- 
 ftion to them that dare handle it. 
 r I fear many holy men have not fo deeply ^humbled 
 themfelves for their former mif-worfhippings of God 
 as hee will have them before he reveales his fecrets to 
 them: as they accounted things indifferent, fo they 
 account indifferent repentance will ferve turne. Sonne 
 of man, if my people be ajhamed of all that they have 
 done, then [hew them the forme of the houje, and the fa- 
 fhion thereof, elfe not, Ezek. 43. 1 1. A fin in Gods wor- 
 fhip, that feemes fmall in the common beame of the 
 world, may be very great in the fcoales of his Sanctu- 
 ary. Where God is very jealous, his fervants fhould 
 be very cautelous. 
 
 I feare the furnace wherein our new forms are caft- 
 ing, is over-heat, and cafts fmoake in the eyes of our 
 founders, that they cannot well fee what they doe, or 
 ought to doe; omne perit judicium cum res tranfit in 
 affectum. Truth and Peace are the Castor and Pollux 
 of the Gofpell : they that feeke the one without the o- 
 ther, are like to finde neither: Anger will hinder do- 
 meftick Prayers, much more Ecclefiaftique Counfels. 
 What is produced by tumult, is either difficient or re- 
 dundant. When the judgements of good men con- 
 curre with an harmonious Diapafon, the refult is me- 
 lodious and commodious. Warring and jarring men 
 are no builders of houses for God, though other- 
 wife very good. Inftruments may be well made and 
 
 well 
 
Aggavvam in America. 39 
 
 well ftrung, but if they be not well fretted, the Mu- 
 fique is marred. The great Turke hearing Mufitians 
 fo long a tuning, he though it ftood not with his ftate 
 to wait for what would follow. When Chrift whips 
 Market-makers out of his Temple, he raifes duft: but 
 when he enters in with Truth and Holineffe, he calls 
 for deep filence, Hah. %. 20. There muft not a toole 
 be heard when the Tabernacle is reared : Nor is that 
 amiable or ferviceable to men that paffeth through fo 
 many ill animadverfions of Auditors and Spectators, 
 If the Affembly can hardly agree what to determine, 
 people will not eafily agree what to accept. 
 
 I fear, thefe differences and delayes have occafion- 
 ed men to make more new difcoveries then otherwife 
 they would. If pubUque Affemblies of Divines can- 
 not agree upon a right way, private Conventicles of 
 illiterate men; will foone finde a wrong. Bivious de- 
 murres breed devious refolutions. Paffengers to hea- 
 ven are in hafte, and will walk one way or other. He 
 that doubts of his way, thinks hee lofes his day: and 
 when men are gone a while, they will be loth to turn 
 back. If God hide his path, Satan is at hand to turne 
 Convoy: if any have a minde to ride pofte, he will 
 help them with a frefh fpavin'd Opinion at every 
 Stage. 
 
 Where clocks will ftand, and Dials have no light , 
 There men muft go by gueffe, heH wrong or right. 
 
 I feare, if the Affembly of all Divines, do not con- 
 fent, and concenter the fooner, God will breath a fpi- 
 rit of wifedome and meekneffe, into the Parliament of 
 
 F 3 no 
 
40 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 no Divines, to whom the Imperative and Coactive 
 power fupremely belongs, to confult fuch a contem- 
 perate way, as fhall beft pleafe him, and profit his 
 Churches, fo that it fhall be written upon|the doore 
 of the Affembly; The Lord was not there. 
 
 I feare the importunity of fome impatient, and fub- 
 tlety of fome malevolent mindes, will put both Par- 
 liament and Affembly upon fome preproperations, 
 that will not be fafe in Ecelefiafticall Conftitutions. 
 To procraftinate in matters cleare, as I faid even now, 
 may be dangerous; fo, not to delibrate in dubious 
 cafes, will be as perilous. We here, though I think 
 under favour, wee have fome as able Steerfmen as 
 E^igland affords, have been driven to tack about again 
 to fome other points of Chrifts Compaffe, and to 
 make better observations before we hoyfe up fayles. 
 It will be found great wifdom in difputable cafes, not 
 to walk on by twylight, but very cauteoufly; rather 
 by probationers for a time, then peremptory pofitives. 
 Reelings and wheelings in Church acts, are both dif- 
 ficult and dif advantageous. It is rather Chriftian mo- 
 desty than fhame, in the dawning of Reformation, to 
 be very perpenfive. Chrifts minde is, that Evange- 
 licall policies, fhould be frained by Angelicall mea- 
 fures; not by a line of flaxe, but by a golded Reed, 
 Rev. 21. 15. 4 
 
 I feare, he that fayes the Presbyterian and Inde- 
 pendent way, if rightly carryed doe not meet in one, 
 he doth not handle his Compaffes fo confiderately as 
 he fhould. 
 
 I feare if Authority doth not eftablifh a futable 
 and peaceable Government of Churches the fooner, 
 
 the 
 
Aggavvam in Jmcnca.^^^--^^ 41 
 
 the bells in all the fteeples will ring awke fo long, that 
 they will hardly be brought into tune any more. 
 |§My laft, but not leaft feare, is, That God will hardly 
 replant] hislGofpel in any part of Chriftendome, in 
 fo faire an Edition as is expected, till the whole field 
 hath been fo ploughed and harrowed, that the foile 
 be throughly eleanfed and fitted for new feed: Or 
 whether he will not tranfplant it into fome other Re- 
 gions, I know not: This feare I have feared thefe 20 
 years, but upon what grounds I had rather bury than 
 broach. 
 
 p^T dare not but adde to what preceded about 
 Church-reformation, a moft humble petition, that the 
 Authority of the Miniftery be kept in its due altitude : 
 if it be dropp'd in the duft, it will foon bee ftifled: 
 Encroachments on both fides, have bred detriments 
 enough to the whole. The Separatifts are content 
 their teaching Elders fliould fit higheft on the Bench, 
 fo they may fit in the Chaire over-againft them; and 
 that their Ruling Elders fhall ride on the faddle, fo 
 they may hold the bridle. That they may likewife 
 havefeafonable and honourable maintenance, and that 
 certainly ftated : which generally we find and practife 
 here as the beft way. When Elders live upon peo- 
 ples good wills, people care little for their ill wills, 
 be they never fo juft. Voluntary Contributions or 
 non tributions of Members, put Minifters upon 
 many temptations in adminiftrations of their Offices, 
 two houres care does more dif fpirit an ingenuous 
 man than two dayes ftudy : nor can an Elder be gi- 
 ven to hofpitality, when he knowes not what will be 
 given him to defray it: it is pity men of gifts fhould 
 
 live 
 
42 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 live upon mens gifts. I have feen moft of the Refor- 
 med Churches in Europ, and feene more mifery in 
 thefe two refpects, then it is meet others fhould hear: 
 the complaints of painfull Parens, David Pareus, to 
 my felfe, with tears, concerning the Germane Chur- 
 ches are not to be related. 
 
 There is yet a personall Reformation, as requifite as 
 the politicall. When States are fo reformed, that they 
 conforme fuch as are profligate, into good civility: 
 civill men, into religious morality: When Churches 
 are fo conftituted, that Faith is ordained Paftour, 
 Truth Teacher, Holineffe and Righteoufneffe ruling 
 Elders: Wifedome and Charity Deacons: Know- 
 ledge, love, hope, zeale, heavenly-mindedneffe, meek- 
 neffe, patience, watchfulneffe, humility, diligence, fo- 
 briety, modefty, chaftity, conftancy, prudence, con- 
 tentation, innocency, f incerity, &c. admitted members, 
 and all their oppofites excluded: then there will bee 
 peace of Country and Confcience. 
 
 Did the fervants of Chrift know what it is to live 
 in Reformed Churches with unreformed fpirits, under 
 ftrict order with loofe hearts, how formes of Religi- 
 on breed but formes of Godlineffe, how men by 
 Church-difcipline, learne their Church-poftures, and 
 there reft; they would pray as hard for purity of 
 heart, as purity of Ordinances. If wee mocke God 
 in thefe. He will mocke us; either with defeat of our 
 hopes ; or which is worfe : when wee have what we fo 
 much defire, wee fhall be fo much the worfe for it. It 
 was a well falted fpeech, uttered by an Englifh Chri- 
 ftian of a Reformed Church in the Netherlands, Wee 
 have the good Orders here, but you have the good 
 
 Chrifti- 
 
Agqavvam in Jmerica. 
 
 43 
 
 Chriftians in England. Hee that prizes not Old Eng- 
 land Graces, as much as New Englafid Ordinances, 
 had need goe to fome other market before hee comes 
 hither. In a word, hee that is not Paftour, Teacher, 
 Ruler, Deacon and Brother to himfelfe, and lookes 
 not at Chrift above all, it matters not a farthing whe- 
 ther he be Presbyteran or Independent: he may be a 
 zelot in bearing witneffe to which he likes beft, and 
 yet an Ifcariot to both, in the witneffe of his owne 
 Confcience. 
 
 I have upon ftrict obfervation, feen fo much power 
 of Godlineffe, and fpirituall mindedneffe in Englifh 
 Chriftians, living meerly upon Sermons and private 
 duties, hardly come by, when the Gofpell was little 
 more than fymptomaticall to the State; fuch Epi- 
 demicall and lethall formality in other difciplinated 
 Churches, that I profeffe in the hearing of God, my 
 heart hath mourned, and mine eyes wept in fecret, to 
 confider what will become of multitudes of my dear 
 Country-men when they fhall enjoy what they now 
 covet: Not that good Ordinances breed ill Confci- 
 ences, but ill Confciences grow ftarke nought under 
 good Ordinances; infomuch that might I wifh an hy- 
 pocrite the moft perilous place but Hell, I fhould wifh 
 him a Memberfhip in a ftrict Reformed Church : and 
 might I wifh a fincere Servant of God, the greateft 
 greife earth can afford, I fhould wifh him to live with 
 a pure heart, in a Church impurely Reformed; yet 
 through the improvement of Gods Spirit, that greife 
 may fanctifie him for Gods fervice and presence, as 
 much as the means he would have, but cannot. 
 
 I fpeak this the rather to prevent, what in me lyes, 
 
 G the 
 
44 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 the imprudent romaging that is hke to be in England, 
 from Villages to Townes, from Townes to Cities, 
 for Churches fake, to the undoing of Societies, Friend- 
 fhips, Kindreds, Famihes, Heritages, Callings, yea, 
 the wife Providence of God in difpofing mens habi- 
 tations, now in the very Infancy of Reformation : by 
 forgetting that a little leaven may feafon a large lump : 
 and it is much better to doe good than receive. It 
 were a moft uncharitable and unferviceable part, for 
 good men to defert their own Congregations, where 
 many may glorifie God in the day of his Vifitation, 
 for their pre fence and affiftance. If a Christian would 
 picke out a way to thrive in grace, let him ftudy to 
 adminifter grace to them that want; or to make fure 
 a blelTing upon his Family, let him labour to mul- 
 tiply the Family of Chrift, and beleeve, that he which 
 foweth liberally, fhall reape abundantly; and he that 
 fpareth more than is need, from them that have more 
 need, fhall furely come to poverty: yea, let me fay, 
 that hee who f orfakes the meanes of grace for Chrift 
 and his Churches fake', fhall meet with a better bar- 
 gaine, namely, grace it felfe. It is a time now, when 
 full flockes fhould rather fcatter to leane Churches 
 than gather from other places to make themfelves fat ; 
 when able Chriftians fhould rather turne Jefuites and 
 Seminaries, than run into Covents and Frieries: had 
 this been the courfe in the Primitive time, the Gofpel 
 had been pinfolded up in a few Cities, and not fpread 
 as it is. 
 
 What more ungodly facriledge or man-ftealing can 
 there be, then to purloin from godly Minifters the firft 
 born of their fervent prayers and faithfull preachings, 
 
 the 
 
Aggavvam in dmerica. 45 
 
 the leven of their flocks, the incouragenient of their 
 foules, the Crowne of their labours, their Epiftle to 
 Heaven? I am glad to hear our New-England Elders 
 generally deteft it difpneriter, and look at it as a kil- 
 ling CordoliuTn: If men will needs gather Churches 
 out of the world (as they fay) let them firft plough 
 the world, fow it, and reap it with their own hands, 
 and the Lord give them a liberal 1 Harveft. He is a ve- 
 ry hard man that will reap where he hath not fowed, 
 and gathered where he hath not ftrowed, i/a^. 24.25. 
 
 He that faith, it is or was our cafe, doth not rightly 
 underftand himfelf or us, and he that takes his warrant 
 out of J oh. 4. 37.38. is little acquainted with Expofi- 
 tors. Wifemen are amazed to hear that confcientious 
 Minifters dare fpoile many Congregations to make 
 one for themfelves. 
 
 In matter of Reformation, this would be remem- 
 bred, that in premonitory judgements, God will take 
 good words, and fincere intents; but in peremptory, 
 nothing but reall performances. 
 
 Compofition 
 
 IF Reformation were come thus neer, I fhould hope 
 Compofition were not farre off: When hearts meet 
 in God, they will foon meet in Gods wayes, and up- 
 on Gods termes. But to avoid prolixity, which fteales 
 upon me; For Compofition, I fhall compofe halfe a 
 dozen diftichs concerning thefe kind of Wars; wifh- 
 ing I could fing afleep thefe odious ftirs, at leaft on 
 fome part, with a dull Ode. He is no Cobler that can- 
 not fing, nor no good Cobler that can fing well : 
 
 G 2 Si 
 
46 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 Si natura negat, facit indignatio verfum \ They are 
 
 Qualemcunque pote/t Juvenal. J thefe. 
 
 1. 
 
 THey feldome lofe the field, hut often win, 
 That end their warrs, before their warrs begin. 
 
 2. 
 Their Caufe is oft the tvorft, that firft begin. 
 And they may lofe the field, the field that win: 
 
 3. 
 In Civill warrs Hwixt Subjects and their King, 
 There is no conqueft got, by conquering. 
 
 4. 
 Warre ill begun, the onely way to mend. 
 Is fend the warre before the warre doe end. 
 
 5. 
 They that well end ill warrs, must have the skill. 
 To make an end by Rule, and not by Will. 
 
 6. 
 In ending ivarrs Hween Subjects and their Kings, 
 Great thhigs are fav'd, by lofing little things. 
 
 Wee heare that Majeftas Imperii hath challenged 
 Salus Populi into the field; the one fighting for Pre- 
 rogatives, the other defending Liberties: Were I a 
 Coni'table bigge enough, I would fet one of them by 
 the heeles to keep both their hands quiet; I mean one- 
 ly in a paire of ftocks, made of found reafon, hand- 
 fomely fitted for the legges of their Underftanding. 
 
 If Salus Populi began, furely it was not that Salus 
 Populi Heft in England: ihRi Salus Populi was as man- 
 nerly a Salus Populi as need bee : if I be not much de- 
 ceived, that Salus Populi fuffer'd its noie to be held to 
 the Grindftone, till it was almoft ground to the grifles 
 
 and 
 
Aggavvam ia dmtrica. 47 
 
 and yet grew never the fharper for ought I could di- 
 feerne; What was, before the world was 'made, I 
 leave to better Antiquaries then my felfe; but I think, 
 fince the world began, it was never ftoried that Sa- 
 lus Populi began with Majejtas Imperii, unleffe Ma- 
 jeftas imperii firft unharbour'd it, and hunted it to a 
 ftand, and then it muft either turne head and live, or 
 turn taile and die : but more have been ftoryed on the 
 other hand than Majejtas Imperii is willing to heare : 
 I doubt not but Majejtas Imperii knows, that Com- 
 mon-wealths colt as much the making as Crownes; 
 and if they be well made, would yet outfell an ill-fa- 
 fhioned Crown, in any Market overt, if they could be 
 well vouched. 
 
 But Preces & Lachrymw, are the peoples weapons : 
 fo are Swords and Piftoles, when God and Parlia- 
 ments bid them Arme. Prayers and Tears are good 
 weapons for them that have nothing but knees and 
 eyes; but moft men are made with teeth and nailes; 
 onely they muft neither fcratch for Liberties, nor 
 bite Prerogatives, till they have wept and prayed as 
 God would have them. If Subjects muft fight for 
 their Kings again ft other Kingdomes, when their 
 Kings will; I know no reafon, but they may fight a- 
 gainft their Kings for their own Xingdomes, when 
 Parliaments fay they may and muft : but Parliaments 
 muft not fay they muft, till God fayes they may. 
 
 I can never beleeve that Majejtas Imperii, was ever 
 fo fimple as to think, that if it extends it felf beyond 
 its due Artique at one end, but Salus Populi muft An- 
 tartique it as farre at the other end, or elfe the world 
 will be Excentrick, and then it will whirle; and if it 
 
 once 
 
48 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 once fall a'^whirling, ten to one, it will whirle them 
 off firft, that fit in higheft Chaires on ciifhions fill'd 
 with Peacocks feathers; and they are like to ftand 
 their ground fafteft, that owne not one foot of ground 
 to ftand upon. When Kings rife higher than they 
 fhould, they exhale Subjects higher than they would: 
 if the Primum Mobile fhould afcend one foote higher 
 than it is, it would hurry all the nether wheeles, and 
 the whole world on fire in 24 houres. No Prince ex- 
 ceeds in Soveraignty, but his Subjects will exceed as 
 f arre in fome vitious Liberty, to albate their griefe ; or 
 fome pernicious mutiny, to abate their Prince. 
 
 I 
 The crazy world will crack, in all the middle joynts. 
 If all the ends it hath, have not their parapoynts. 
 
 Nor can I beleeve that Crownes trouble Kings 
 heads, fo much as Kings heads trouble Crowns: nor 
 that they are flowers of Crowns that trouble Crowns, 
 but rather fome Nettles or Thiftles miftaken for 
 flowers. 
 
 To fpeak plainer Englifh, I have wondred thefe 
 thirty years what Kings aile : I have seen in my time, 
 the beft part of twenty Chriftian Kings and Princes ; 
 Yet as Chriftian as they were, fome or other were ftill 
 fcuffiing for Prerogatives. It muft be granted at all 
 hands, that Prwrogativce Regis are neceffary Suppor- 
 ters of State : and ftately things to ftately Kings : but 
 if withall, they be Derogativce Reg7io, they are but lit- 
 tle things to wife Kings. P'quity is as due to People, 
 as Eminency to Princes : Liberty to Subjects, as Roy- 
 alty to Kings: If they cannot walk together lovingly 
 
 hand 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 49 
 
 hand in hand, paripaffu, they muft cut girdles and part 
 as good friends as they may: Nor muft it be taken 
 offenfively, that when ^ings are haihng up their top- 
 gallants, Subjects lay hold on their slablines; the head 
 and body muft move alike : it is nothing meet for me 
 to fay with Horace, 
 
 Ut tu fortunam, fie nos te Car'le jeremus. 
 
 y 
 But I hope I may fafely fay, 
 
 The body beares the head, the head the Crown; 
 If both beare not alike, then one will down. 
 
 Diftracting Nature, calls for diftracting Remedies; 
 perturbing policies for difturbing cures: if one Ex- 
 treame fhould not conftitute its Anti-Extreame, all 
 things would foon be in extremo: if ambitious windes 
 get into Rulers Crownes, rebellious vapours will in- 
 to Subjects Caps, be they ftopt never fo clofe: Yet 
 the tongues of Times tell us of ten Preter royall U- 
 furpations, to one contra-civill Rebellion. 
 
 Civill Liberties and proprieties admeafured, to 
 every man to his true fuum, are the prima pura prin- 
 cipia, propria quarto modo, the fine quibus of humane 
 States, without which, men are but women. Peoples 
 proftrations of thefe things when they may lawfully 
 helpe it, are prophane proftitutions ; ignorant Ideo- 
 tifmes, under-naturall noddaries; and juft it is that 
 fuch as underfell them, fhould not re-inherit them in 
 hafte, though they feek it carefully with teares. And 
 fuch ufurpations by Rulers, are the unnaturalizings of 
 
 nature, 
 
50 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 nature, disfranchifements of Freedome, the Neronian 
 nullifyings of Kingdomes: yea, I beleeve the Devill 
 himfelfe would turn Round-head, rather then fuffer 
 thefe Columnes of Common-wealths to be flighted : 
 as he is a creature, he fears decreation; as an Angell, 
 dehominations; as a Prince, dif-common-wealthings; 
 as finite, thefe pen-infinite infolencies, which are the 
 moft finite Infinites of mifery to men on this fide the 
 worlds diffolution; therefore it is, that with Gods 
 leave, he hath founded an alarm to all the fu/que deques 
 pell-mels, one and alls, now harrafing fundry parts 
 of Chriftendome. It is enough for God to be Infinite, 
 too much for man to be Indefinite. He that will flye 
 too high a quarry for Abfoluteneffe, fhall ftoope as 
 much too low before he remounts his proper pitch: 
 If Jacob will over top his Brother out of Gods time 
 and way, we will fo hamftring him that he fhall make 
 legs whether he will or no, at his brothers approach : 
 and fuch as over-run all humane meafure, fhall feldom 
 return to humane mercy: There are fins befides the 
 fin against the Holy Ghoft, which fhall not be expia- 
 ted by facrifice for temporall revenge: I mean when 
 they are boyled up to a full confiftence of contumacy 
 and impenitency. Let abfolute Demands or Com- 
 mands be put into one fcale, and indefinite refufalls 
 into the other: All the Goldfmiths in Cheapefide, can- 
 not tell which weighs heavieft. Intolerable griefes to 
 Subjects, breed the Iliaca pa/sio in a body politick 
 which inforces that upwards which fhould not. I fpeak 
 thefe things to excufe,what I may, my Countrymen in 
 the hearts of all that look upon their proceedings. 
 There is a quadrobulary faying, which paffes cur- 
 rent 
 
Aggavvam ia dmerica. 5i 
 
 rent in the Wefterne World, That the Emperour is 
 Zing of Kings, the Spaniard, Xing of Men, the French 
 King of Affes, the Ki7ig of England, Kifig of Devils. 
 By his leave that firft brayed the fpeech, they are pret- 
 ty wife Devils and pretty honeft; the worfe they doe, 
 is to keep their /vings from devillizing, & them felves 
 from Affing: Were I a /ving (a fimple fuppofall) I 
 would not part with one good Englifh Devil, for fome 
 two of the Emperours Kings, nor three of the Spani- 
 ards Men, nor foure French Affes; If I did, I fhould 
 think my felfe an Affe for my labour. I know nothing 
 that Englifhmen want, but true Grace, and honeft 
 pride; let them be well furnifht with thofe two, I feare 
 they would make more Affes, then Spaine can make 
 men, or the Emperour Kings. You will fay I am now 
 beyond mylatchet; but you would not fay fo, if you 
 knew how high my latchet will ftretch; when I heare 
 a lye with a latchet, that reaches up to his throat that 
 firft forged it. 
 
 He is a good King that undoes not his Subjects by 
 any one of his unlimited Prerogatives: and they are 
 a good people, that undoe not their Prince, by any 
 one of their unbounded Liberties, be they the very 
 leaft. I am fure either may, and I am fure neither 
 would be trusted, how good foever. Stories tell us 
 in effect, though not in termes, that over-rifen Kings, 
 have been the next evills to the world, unto fallen An- 
 gels; and that over-franchifed people, are devills 
 with fmooth fnaffles in their mouthes. A King that 
 lives by Law, lives by love; and he that lives above 
 Law, fhall live under hatred doe what he can. Sla- 
 very and knavery goe as feldome afunder, as Tyran- 
 ny and Cruelty. H I 
 
52 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 I have a long while thought it very poffible, in a 
 time of Peace, and in fome Kings Reigne, for difert 
 State fmen, to cut an exquifite thred between Kings 
 Prerogatives, and Subjects Liberties of all forts, 
 fo as Cosfar might have his due, and People their fhare, 
 without fuch fharp difputes. Good Cafuifts would 
 cafe it, and cafe it, part it, and part it; now it, and 
 then it, punctually. Aquinas, Suarez or Valentia, 
 would have done it long ere this, had they not beene 
 Popifh, I might have faid Knaviijh; for if they be fo 
 any where, it is in their Tractates of Priviledges. 
 Our Common Law doth well, but it muft doe better 
 before things do as they fhould. There are fomeiV/a.T- 
 imes in Law, that would be taught to fpeake a little 
 more mannerly, or elfe well Anti-Maxim'd: wee fay, 
 the King can doe a Subject no wrong; why may wee 
 not fay the Parliament can doe the King no wrong ? 
 We fay. Nullum tempus occurrit Regi in taking wrong ; 
 why may wee not fay. Nullum, tempus fuccurrit Regi 
 in doing wrong ? which I doubt will prove as good a 
 Canon if well examined. ' 
 
 Authority muft have power to make and keep peo- 
 ple honeft; People, honeftly to obey Authority; both, 
 a joynt-Councell to keep both fafe. Morall Lawes, 
 Royall Prerogatives, Popular Liberties, are not of 
 Mans making or giving, but Gods: Man is but to 
 meafure them out by Gods Rule: which if mans wif- 
 dome cannot reach. Mans experience muft mend: 
 And thefe Effentialls, muft not be Ephorized or Tri- 
 buned by one or a few mens difcretion, but lineally 
 fanctioned by Supreme Councels. In pro-re-najcent 
 occurrences, which cannot be forefeen; Diets, Parli- 
 aments 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 53 
 
 aments, Senates, or accountable Commiffions, must 
 have power to confult and execute againft interfilient 
 dangers and flagitious crimes prohibited by the Hght 
 ofJNature: Yet it were good if States would let Peo- 
 ple know fo much before hand, by forne fafe woven 
 manifefto, that groffe Delinquents may tell no tales of 
 Anchors and Buoyes, nor palliate their prefumptions 
 with pretence of ignorance. I know no difference in 
 thefe Effentialls, between Monarchies, Aristocracies, 
 or Democracies; the rule will be found, par-rationall 
 fay Schoolemen and Pretorians what they will. And 
 in all, the beft ftandard to meafure Prerogatives, is 
 the Plough ftaffe, to meafure Liberties, the Scepter: 
 if the tearms were a little altered into Loyall Prero- 
 gatives and Royall Liberties, then we fhould be lure 
 to have Royall Kings and Loyall Subjects. 
 
 Subjects their King, the King his Subjects greets, 
 Whilome the Scepter a7id the Plough-ftaffe meets. 
 
 But Progenitors have had them for four and twen- 
 ty predeceff ions : that would be fpoken in the Nor- 
 man tongue or Cimbrian, not in the Englifh or Scot- 
 tifh : When a Conquerour turnes Chriftian, Chriftia- 
 nity turns Conquerour: if they had had them time out 
 of minde of man, before ^4rfam was made, it is not a pin 
 to the point in foru rectos rationis: Juftice and Equity 
 were before time, and will be after it: Time hath nei- 
 ther Politicks nor Ethicks, good nor evill in it; it is 
 an empty thing, as empty as a New-Englifh purfe, and 
 emptier it cannot bee: a man may break his neck in 
 time, and in a leffe time then he can heale it. 
 
 H 2 But 
 
54 Tl?e Simple Cobler of 
 
 But here is the deadly pang, it muft now be taken 
 by force and dint of fword : I confeffe it is a deadly 
 pang to a Spirit made all of flefh, but not to a morti- 
 fied heart: it is good to let God have his will as hee 
 pleafe, when we have not reafon to let him have it as 
 we fhould; remembring, that hitherto he hath taken 
 order that ill Prerogatives gotten by the Sword, 
 fhould in time be fetcht home by the Dagger, if no- 
 thing elfe will doe it : Yet I truft there is botli day and 
 means to intervent this bargaine. But if they fhould, 
 if God will make both King and Xingdome the bet- 
 ter by it, what fhould either lofe ? I am fure there is 
 no great caufe for either to make great brags. 
 
 Pax quo carior, eo charior. 
 
 A peace well made, is likelieft then to hold, 
 Whefi 'tis both dearly bought and dearly fold. 
 
 I confeffe, he that parts with fuch pearles to be paid 
 in old iron, had need to be pityed more by his faithfull 
 friends, than he is like to be by his falfe flatterers. My 
 heart is furcharged, I can no longer forbear. 
 
 MY Deare/t Lord, and my more than dearest King ; I 
 moft humbly befeech you upon mine aged knees, 
 that you would pleafe to arme your minde with pati- 
 ence of proofe, and to intrench your felfe as deepe as 
 you can, in your wonted Royall meekneffe; for I am 
 refolved to difplay my unfurled foule in your face, 
 and to ftorme you with volyes of Love and Loy- 
 alty. You owe the meaneft true Subject you have, 
 
Aggavvam in Jmerica. 55 
 
 a clofe account of thefe open Warres: they are no 
 Arcana imperii. Then give me leave to inquire of 
 your Majefty, what you make in fields of blood, 
 when you fhould be amidft your Parliament of peace: 
 What you doe fculking in the fuburbs of Hell, when 
 your Royall Pallaces ftand defolate, through your 
 abfence ? What moves you to take up Armes againft 
 your faithfull Subjects, when your Armes fhould bee 
 embracing your mournfull Queen ? What incenfes 
 your heart to make fo many widdowes and Orphans, 
 and among the reft your owne ? Doth it become you, 
 the King of the ftatelieft If land the world hath, to f or- 
 fake your Throne, and take up the Manufacture of 
 cutting your Subjects throats, for no other finne, but 
 for Deifying you fo over-much, that you cannot be 
 quiet in your Spirit, till they have pluckt you downe 
 as over-low ? Doe your three Kingdomes fo trouble 
 you, that they muft all three be fet on fire at once, that 
 when you have done, you may probably runne away 
 by their light into utter darkneffe ? Doe your three 
 Crownes fit to heavy on your head, that you will 
 break the backs of the three bodies that fet them on, 
 and helpt you beare them fo honourably ? Have your 
 three Lamb-like flocks fo molefted you, that you muft 
 deliver them up to the ravening teeth of evening 
 Wolves ? Are you fo angry with thofe that never 
 gave you juft caufe to be angry, but by their to much 
 feare to anger you at all, when you gave them caufe 
 enough ? Are you fo weary of Peace, that you will 
 never bee weary of Warre ? Are you fo willing to 
 warre at home, who were fo unwilling to warre a- 
 broad, where and when you fhould ? Are you fo wea- 
 
56 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 ly of being a good King, that you will leave your 
 felfe never a good Subject ? Have you peace of Con- 
 fcience, in inforcing many of your Subjects to fight 
 for you againft their Conicience ? Are you provided 
 with Anfwers at the great Tribunall, for the deftructi- 
 on of fo many thoufands, whereof every man was as 
 good a man as your Selfe, qua man ? 
 
 Is it not a moft unworthy part for you to bee run- 
 ning away from your Subjects in a day of battell, up- 
 on whofe Pikes you may come fafe with your naked 
 breaft and welcome ? Is it honourable for you to bee 
 flying on horfes, from thofe that would efteeme it 
 their greatest honour, to beare you on their humble 
 fhoulders to your Chaire of Eftate, and fet you down 
 upon a Cufhion ftuffed with their hearts ? Is it your 
 prudence to be inraged with your beft friends, for ad- 
 venturing their lives to refcue you from your worft 
 enemies ? Were I a King, pardon the fupposall, I 
 would hang that Subject by the head, that would not 
 take me by the heels, and dragge mee to my Court, 
 when hee fees me fhifting for life in the ruined Coun- 
 trey, if nothing elfe would doe it; And I would ho- 
 nour their very heels, that would take me by the very 
 head, and teach me, by all juft meanes, to i^ing it bet- 
 ter, when they faw me un-Kinging my felfe, and 
 Kingdome: Doe you not know Sir, that, as when 
 your people are ficke of the Kings-evill, God hath 
 given you a gift to heale them ? fo when your felfe 
 are ficke of it, God hath given the Parliament a gift 
 to heale you: Hath your Subjects love been fo great 
 to you, that you will fpend it all, and leave your chil- 
 dren little or none ? Are you fo exafperated againft 
 
 wife 
 
Aggavvam in dmerica. 57 
 
 wife Scotland, that you will make E7igland your foole 
 or foot-ftoole ? Is your fathers fonne growne more 
 Orthodox, then his moft Orthodox father, when he 
 told his fonne, that a King was for a kingdome, and 
 not a kingdome for a King ? parallell to that of the 
 Apoftle; the husband is but by the wife, but the wife 
 of the husband. 
 
 Is Majestas Imperij growne fo kickifh, that it can- 
 not ftand quiet with Salus Populi, unleffe it be fette- 
 red ? Are you well advifed, in trampling your Sub- 
 jects fo under your feet, that they can finde no place 
 to be fafe in, but over your head : Are you so inexo- 
 rably offended with your Parliament, for fuffering 
 you to returne as you did, when you came into their 
 houfe as you did, that you will jbe avenged on all 
 whom they reprefent? Will you follow your very 
 worft Councell fo far, as to provoke your very beft, 
 to take better counfell than ever they did ? If your 
 Majefty be not Popifh as you profeffe, and I am very 
 willing to beleeve, why doe you put the Parliament 
 to refume the facrament of the Alter in faying, the 
 King and Parhament, the King and Parhament? 
 breaking your fimple Subjects braines to underftand 
 fuch myfticall Parlee-ment ? I queftion much, whe- 
 ther they were not better fpeake plainer Englifh, then 
 fuch Latine as the Angels can hardly conftrue, and 
 God happily loves not to perfe; I can as well admit 
 an ubiquitary Xing as another, if a King be abroad 
 in any good affaire ; but if a King be at home, and will 
 circumfcribe himfelfe at Oxford, and profcribe or dif- 
 fcribe his Parliament at Weftminfter, if that Parliament 
 will prefcribe what they ought, without fuch para- 
 
 doxing, 
 
58 The Simple ColUr of 
 
 doxing, I fhould think God would fiiblcribe a Le 
 Dieu le veult readily enough. 
 
 Is your Advifera fuch a Suavamen to you, that 
 hath been fuch a Gravamen to Religion and Peace ? 
 Shall the cheife bearing wombe of your i^ingdome, be 
 ever fo conftituted, that it cannot be delivered of its 
 owne deliverance, in what pangs foever it be, without 
 the will of one man-midwife, and fuch a man as will 
 come and not come, but as he lift: nor bring a Par- 
 liament to bed of a well-begotten Liberty without an 
 entire Subfidy ? Doe not your Majefty being a 
 Schollar, know that it was a truth long before it 
 was fpoken, that Mundus eft unus aut nullus, that 
 there is Principium puruvi unum, which unites the 
 world and all that is in it; where that is broken, things 
 fall afunder, that whatfoever is duable or triable, is 
 fry able. 
 
 Is the Militia of your Kingdome, fuch an orient 
 flower of your Crowne, which all good Herbalifts 
 judge but a meere nettle, while it is in any one mans 
 hand living ? May not you as well challenge the ab- 
 folute difpofall of all the wealth of the Kingdome 
 as of all the ftrength of your Kingdome ? Can you 
 put any difference ? unleffe it bee this, that mens 
 hearts and bones are within their skins, more proper 
 and intrinfecall, their lands and cattell more externall: 
 dare you not concredit the Militia, with thofe to 
 whom you may betruft your heart, better then your 
 owne breaft ? Will they ever harme you with the 
 Militia, that have no manner of Malitia againft you, 
 but for mif-imploying the Militia againft them by the 
 malitia of your ill Counfellours ? What good will 
 
 the 
 
Aggavvam ia dmcrica. 59 
 
 the Militia doe you when you have wafted the Realm 
 of all the beft Milites it hath ? May not your Majefty 
 fee through a paire of Spectacles, glazed with inch- 
 board, that while you have your Advi/era in one 
 hand, and the Militia in the other, you have the necks 
 of your Subjects under your feet, but not your heart 
 in your owne hand ? doe you not knowe that malum 
 eft, po/fe malum? 
 
 Hath Epifcopacy beene fuch a religious Jewell in 
 your State; that you will fell all or moft of your Co- 
 ronets, Caps of honour, and blue Garters, for fix and 
 twenty cloth Caps? and your Barons Cloakes, for 
 fo many Rockets, whereof ufually twenty have had 
 fcarce good manners enough to keepe the other fix 
 fweet? Is no Bifhop no King, fuch an oraculous 
 Truth, that you will pawne your Crowne and life up- 
 on it ? if you will, God may make it true indeed on 
 your part: Had you rather part with all, then lofe a 
 few fuperfluous tumours, to pare off your monftrouf- 
 neffe ? Will you be fo covetous, as to get more then 
 you ought, by loofing more then you need ? Have you 
 px)t driven good Subjects enough abroad, but you wil 
 alfo flaughter them that ftay at home ? Will you take 
 fuch an ill courfe, that no prayers can faften that good 
 upon you we defier ? Is there not fome worf root than 
 all thefe growing in your Spirit, bringing forth al this 
 bitter fruit ? Againft which you fhould take up Arms, 
 rather then againft your harmeleffe Subjects? Doe 
 you not forefee, into" what importable head-tearings 
 and heart-fearchings you will be ingulfed, when the 
 ParHament fhall give you a mate, though but a 
 
 Stale ? 
 
 I Methinkes 
 
60 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 Methinkes it fhould breake your heart, to fee fuch a 
 one as I, prefume fo much upon your clemency & too 
 much upon your Majefty, which your felfe have fo 
 echpfed by the interpofall of your Selfe between your 
 Selfe and your Selfe, that it hath not ray's enough 
 left, to dazle downe the height of my affections to the 
 awe of my Judgement. 
 
 Tref-Royall Sir, I once againe befeech you, with 
 teares dropping from my hoary head, to cover your 
 Selfe as clofe as you may, with the beft fhield of 
 goodnelTe you have: I have fomewhat more to fay, 
 which may happily trouble not your Selfe, but your 
 followers, more than what is already faid. There li- 
 ved in your Realme and Reigne two whom I may 
 well tearme Prophets, both now in a better Xing- 
 dome; whereof one foretold two things concerning 
 your Majefty, of thefe very proceedings, long before 
 they began; which being done and paft fhall bee bu- 
 ried in filence: the other made this prediction about 
 the fame time. 
 
 
 ^King Charles will joyne himself e to hitter Grief e^ 4 
 l^q^Then joyne to God, and prove a Godly Chiefe. ?f^] 
 
 His words were in profe thefe, Xing Charles will come 
 into fetters, meaning ftrong afflictions, and then prove 
 as good a Xing, as fuch a good Xing of I/rael, whom 
 he then named, but I need not : he was as inwardly ac- 
 quainted with the minde of God, as fervent and fre- 
 quent a Beadfman for your welfare, and had as reli- 
 gious Opticks of State, as any man I know: foure 
 other Predictions he made, full as improbable as this, 
 
 whereof 
 
Aggavvam m dmerica, 6i 
 
 whereof three are punctually performed, A good 
 Chriftian being fometime in conflicts of Confcience, 
 hurried with long tentations, ufed this fpeech to my 
 felfe, I am now refolved to be quiet, for I plainly fee, 
 God will fave me whether I will or no: If your Ma- 
 jefty would be pleafed to thinke fo in your heart, and 
 fay fo with your mouth, all the good Subjects you 
 have, would fay, Amen, till the heavens rang, and I 
 hope you have few fo bad, but would fay. So he it. 
 
 Much lamented Sir, if you will pleafe to retire your 
 Selfe to your Clofet, whither you may moft fafely 
 come, and make your peace with God, for the vaft he- 
 ritage of finne your Intombed father left upon your 
 fcore, the dreadfull Imprecation he poured upon the 
 heads of his tender pofterity in Suvimerfets and Over- 
 huryes Cafe, publifhed in Starchamber by his Royall 
 command ; your own finful manage, the fophiftication 
 of Religion and Policie in your time, the luxury of 
 your Court and Country, your connivence with the 
 Irifh butcheries, your forgetfull breaches upon the 
 Parliament, your compliance with Popifh Doegs, 
 with what elfe your Confcience fhall fuggeft: and 
 give us, your guilty Subjects example to doe the like, 
 who have held pace and proportion with you in our 
 evill wayes: we will helpe you by Gods affiftance, 
 to poure out rivers of tears, to w^afh away the ftreams 
 of blood, which have beene fhed for thefe heavy ac- 
 counts; wee will alfo helpe you, God helping us, to 
 beleeve, that there is hope in Ifrael for thefe things; 
 and Balme enough in his Gilead to heale all the bro- 
 ken bones of your three kingdomes, and to redouble 
 your honour and our peace: His Arme is infinite; to 
 
 12 an 
 
62 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 an infinite power all things are equally faifible, to an 
 infinite mercy all finnes equally pardonable. The 
 Lord worke thefe things in us and for us, for his com- 
 paffions fake in Jefus Chirft. 
 
 Sir, you may now pleafe to difcover your Selfe 
 where you think meet; I truft I have not indangered 
 you: I prefume your Ear-guard will keepfarre enough 
 from you, what ever I have faid: be it fo, I have dif- 
 charged my duty, let them looke to theirs. If my 
 tongue fhould reach your eares, which I little hope 
 for; let it be once faid; the great King of great Bri- 
 taine, took advife of a fimple Cobler, yet fuch a Cob- 
 ler, as will not exchange either his blood or his pride, 
 with any Shoo-maker or Tanner in your Realme, nor 
 with any of your late Bifhops which have flattered 
 you thus in peeces : I would not fpeak thus in the eares 
 of the world, through the mouth of the Preffe for all 
 the plunder your plunderers have pillaged; were it 
 not fomewhat to abate your Royall indignation to- 
 ward a loyall Subject; a Subject whofe heart hath 
 been long carbonado 'd, des veniam verbo, in flames of 
 affection towards you. Your Majefty knowes or may 
 know, time was, when I did, or would have done 
 you a better peece of fervice, then all your Troopes 
 and Regiments are now doing. Should I heare any 
 Gentleman that followes you, of my yeares, fay he'e 
 loves you better than I, if it were lawfull, I would 
 fweare by my Sword, he faid more then his fword 
 would make good. 
 
 Gracious Sir, Vouch fafe to pardon me my no other 
 fins, but my long Idolatry towards you, and my lo- 
 ving you too hard in this fpeech, and I will pardon 
 
 you 
 
Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 63 
 
 you your Treafon againft me, even me, by commit- J H^eakein^^ 
 ting Treafon againft your Selfe my Lord and King; vinitynotof 
 and your murther, in murtherino; me, even me, byi-awandam 
 murthering my deare fellow Subjects, bone of my vedthatiam 
 bone, and flefh of my flefli, and of yours alfo. If you [I'J'^^JjJ*^ ^JJ^'^^ 
 will not pardon me, I will pardon my felfe, dwell inboldneffe. 
 my owne clothes as long as I can, and happily make 
 as good a fhift for my proportion, as he that hath a 
 lighter paire of heeles: And when you have done 
 what you pleafe, I am refolved to be 
 
 As loyall a Subject to your Maje/ty when I 
 have never a head on my fhoulders, as 
 you a Royall King to me, when you have 
 your three Crownes on your head, 
 
 Theod: de la Guard: 
 
 Sir, 
 
 I Cannot give you over thus; I moft earneftly im- 
 plore you, that you would not deferre to confider 
 your felfe throughly, you are now returned to the 
 brinke of your Honour and our Peace, ftand not too 
 long there, your State is full of diftractions, your 
 people of expectations, the importune Affaires of 
 your Kingdome perplexedly fufpended, your good 
 Subjects are now rifing into a refolution to pray you 
 on to your Throne, or into your Tombe, into Grace 
 with your Parliament and people, or into Glory with 
 the Saints in Heaven; but how you will get into the 
 one, without paffing firft through th 'other, is the rid- 
 dle they cannot untye. If they fhall ply the Throne 
 
 of 
 
64 Th^ Simple Cohler of 
 
 of Grace hard, God will certainely lieare, and in a 
 fhort time mould you to his minde, and convince you, 
 that it had and will bee farre eafier to fit downe 
 meekely upon the Rectum, than to wander refolutely 
 in obliquities, which with Kings, feldome faile to 
 diffembogue into bottomleffe Seas of forrowes. 
 
 Deareft Sir, be intreated to doe what you doe fin- 
 cere ly; the King of Heaven and Earth can fearch and 
 difcover the hiddeneft corner of your heart, your Par- 
 liament underftands you farre better then you may 
 conceive, they have many cares and eyes, and good 
 ones, I beleeve they are Religioufly determined to 
 re-cement you to your Body fo exquifitely, that the 
 Errors of State and Church, routed by thefe late ftirs, 
 may not re-allee hereafter, nor Themfelves be made a 
 curfe to the iffue of their own bodies, nor a Scoffe, to 
 all^Politique Bodies in Europe. The Eord give your 
 Majefty and all your Royall Branches the fpirit of 
 wifedome and under/tan dirig, the Spirit of knowledge 
 and his feare, for His mercy and Chrift his fake. 
 
 I would my skill would ferve me alfo, as well as 
 my heart, to tranflate Prince Rupert, for his Queen- 
 mothers fake, Eliz. a fecond. Mifmeane me not. I 
 have had him in my armes when he was younger, I 
 wifh I had him there now: if I miftake not, he pro- 
 mifed then to be a good Prince, but I doubt he hath 
 forgot it: if I thought he would not be angry with 
 me, I would pray hard to his Maker, to make him a 
 right Roundhead, a wife hearted Palatine, a thank- 
 full man to the Englifh; to forgive all his finnes, and 
 at length to fave his foule, notwithftanding all his 
 God-damne mee's: yet I may doe him wrong; I am 
 
 not 
 
Aggavvam in dmertca. 65 
 
 not certaine hee ufeth that oath; I wifh no man elfe 
 would; I dare fay the Devills dare not. I thank God 
 I have Hved in a Colony of many thoufand Englifh 
 thefe twelve years, am held a very fociable man; 
 yet I may confiderately fay, I never heard but one 
 Oath fworne, nor never faw one man drunk, nor e- 
 ver heard of three women Adultereffes, in all this 
 time, that I can call to minde : If thefe finnes bee a- 
 mongft us privily, the Lord heale us. I would not bee 
 underftood to boaft of our innocency; there is no 
 cause I fhould,our hearts maybe bad enough, and our 
 lives much better. But to follow my bufineffe. 
 
 Profecutions of Warres between a King and his 
 Parliament, are the direfull dilacerations of the world, 
 the cruell Cataftrophes of States, dreadfull to fpeak 
 oi\ihey are nefanda &n 'agenda: I know no grounds 
 can be given of them but two: Either upon Reafon 
 founded upon fome furmifall of Treafon, which my 
 reafon cannot reach: I could never conceive why a 
 rationall King fhould commit Treafon againft a rea- 
 fonable Parliament; or how a faithfull Parliament a- 
 gainft their lawfull King: the moft I can imagine, is 
 a mifprifion of Treafon, upon a mifprifion of Reafon. 
 He that knows not the fpirit of his King, is an Atheift. 
 Our King is not Charles le fimple fometime of France: 
 he underftands not our King that underftands him not 
 to bee underftanding. The Parhament is fuppofed 
 Omnifcient, becaufe under God they are Omnipo- 
 tent : if a Parliament have not as much knowledge and 
 all other Vertues, as all the kingdome befide, they are 
 no good Abridgement of the Common-wealth. I be- 
 leeve Remonftrances have demonftrated enough con- 
 
 cer- 
 
66 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 cerning this point of Reafon, to give fatisf action to 
 fuch as fatisf action will fatisfie. 
 
 Or upon Will. 
 
 The Will of a King is very numinous; it hath a 
 kinde of vaft univerfality in it, it is many times grea- 
 ter then the will of his whole kingdome, ftiffened 
 with ill Counfell and ill Prefidents : if it be not a foot 
 and half leffer than the Will of his Councell, and 
 three foot leffer than the Will of his Parliament, it is 
 too big. I think it were well for a King if hee had no 
 will at all, but were all Reafon. What if he commit- 
 ted his morall will to Divines, that were no Bifhops ? 
 his Politicall, to his Parliament, and a Councell cho- 
 fen by Parliament ? that if ever it mifcarry, they may 
 blame themfelves moft, and him leaft. I fcarce know- 
 any Xing'^that hath fuch advantage as ours; his three 
 kingdomes lye fo diftinct and entire, that if he pleafe, 
 he might keep them like three gardens without a weed, 
 if he would let God keep his will, without wilfulneffe 
 and rafhneffe. 
 
 I have obferved men to have two kindes of Wills, 
 a Free-hold will, fuch as men hold in Capite of them- 
 felves; or a Copy-hold will, held at the will of other 
 Lords or Ladies. I have read almoft all the Com- 
 mon Law of England, and fome Statutes; yet I ne- 
 ver read, that the Parliament held their will in fuch 
 a Capite: their Tenure is Knight-fervice, and good 
 Knig fit- fer vice too, or elfe they are to blame. And 
 I am fure, a King cannot hold by Copy, at the will of 
 other Lords; the Law calls that hafe tenure, incon- 
 fiftent with Royalty; much more bafe is it, to hold 
 
 at 
 
Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 67 
 
 at the will of Ladies: Apron-ftring te7iure is very 
 weak, tyed but of a flipping knot, which a childe may 
 undoe, much more a i^^ing. It ftands not with our 
 Queens honour to weare an Apron, much leffe her 
 Husband, in the ftrings; that were to infnare both 
 him and her felf in many unfafeties. I never heard our 
 Xing was effeminate: to be a little Uxorious per- 
 fonally, is a vertuous vice in Oeconomicks; but Roy- 
 ally, a vitious vertue in Politicks. To fpeak Englifh, 
 Books & Tongues tell us, I wifh they tell us true, that 
 the Error of thefe Wars on our Kings part, proceeds 
 only from ill Counfellours. 
 
 Ill Counfellours, are very ill Gamefters; if they fee 
 their own ftake a lofing, they will play away Xing, 
 Queen, Bifhops, Xnights, Rooks, Pawnes, and all, be- 
 fore they will turn up the board; they that play for 
 lufts, will play away themfelves, and not leave them- 
 felves fo much as a heart to repent; and then there is 
 no Market left but Hell; if the cafe be thus, it is to no 
 end to look for any end, till one fide make an end of 
 the other. 
 
 They that at ftake their Croumes and Honours Jet, 
 Play la/ting games, if Lujt or Guilt doe bet. 
 
 Ceffation. 
 
 IF God would vouchfafe to give his Majefties Re- 
 ligion and Reafon, power to fling his Wills head o- 
 ver the Wall, in matter of Compofition, and his Sub- 
 jects ftrength to throw^ their lufts after it. Arms would 
 be foon laid down, and Peace foon taken up. They 
 that are not at peace with God, are not at peace with 
 
 K them- 
 
68 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 themfelves, whatever they think; and they that are not 
 at peace with themfelves, cannot be at peace with o- 
 thers, if occafion provokes, be their nature never fo 
 good. 
 
 So farre as I can conjecture, the chiefe impediment 
 to a generall and mutuall Ceffation of Armes, is, a de- 
 fpaire of mutuall and generall forgiveneffe. If ever 
 England had need of a generall Jubile in Heaven and 
 Earth, it is now. Our King and Parliament have been 
 at great ftrife, who fhould obtaine moft Juftice: if 
 they would now ftrive, who fhould fhew moft Mer- 
 cy, it would heare well throughout the world. Here 
 alfo my fpeech muft be twofold and blind-fold. It is 
 now nine Moneths and more fince the laft credible 
 New^s was acted: it is poffible by this, the Parlia- 
 ment may be at the Kings mercy: Did I fay a /iTings 
 mercy ? what can I fay more ? no man on earth, can 
 fhew more mercy then a King, nor fhall need more, 
 when he comes to give an Account of his Kingdome: 
 Nor did ever any Parliament merit more mercy than 
 this, for they never finned, that I know, I mean againft 
 the Common and Statute Law of England: it is pity 
 they who have given fo many general pardons, fhould 
 want one now. 
 
 If our King hath loft his way, and therby learned to 
 looke to his path better hereafter, and taught many 
 Succeffors to King it right for many Ages; Methinks 
 it fhould impetrate a Royall Redintegration, upon a 
 Royall acknowledgement and ingagement. But how 
 fhould an erring King truft a provoked Parliament ? 
 Surely he may truft God fafe enough ; who will never 
 truft that State more with a good King, that will doe 
 ill to a Xing that is turned fo good. Me thinkes thofe 
 
 paffages 
 
Aggavvam ia Jmerica. 69 
 
 paffages of Scripture, Efa. 43. 24, 25. chap. 57. 17, 18. 
 The ftrange illation, if o/. 2. 13,14. fhould melt a heart 
 of fteele into floods of mercy. 
 
 For others, were my head, one of the heads which 
 firft gave the King Counfell to take up thefe Armes, 
 or to perfift in them, when at any time he would have 
 disbanded, I would give that head to the Kingdome, 
 whether they would or no; if they would not cut it 
 off, I would cut it off my felfe, and tender it at the Par- 
 liament doore, upon condition that all other heads 
 might ftand, which ftand upon penitent hearts, and 
 will doe better on than off; then I would carry it to 
 London-Bridge, and charge my tongue to teach all 
 tongues, to pronounce Parliament right hereafter. 
 
 When a kingdom is broken juft in the neck joynt, in 
 my poore policy, ropes and hatchets are not the kind- 
 lieft inftruments to fet it: Next to the fpilling of the 
 blood of Chrift for fin, the fparing of the blood of Tin- 
 ners, where it may be as well fpared as fpilt, is the beft 
 way of expiation. It is no rare thing for Subjects to 
 follow a leading King; if he will take his truncheon 
 in his hand, it is to be expected many will put their 
 f words in their Belts. Sins that rife out of miftake of 
 judgement, are not fo finfull as thofe of malice ordi- 
 narily: and when multitudes fin, multitudes of mercy 
 are the beft Anodines. 
 
 --gratia gratis data, grati/sima. 
 
 Grace will diffolve, but rigour hardens guilt: 
 Break not with Steely blows, what oyle fhould melt. 
 
 K ^ In 
 
70 The Simple Cobkr of 
 
 InWreaches integrant, 'tween Principalis of States, 
 Due Juftice may fuppreffe, but Love redintegrates. 
 
 Whofoever be pardoned, I pray let not Britanicus 
 fcape, I mean a pardon. I take him to bee a very fer- 
 viceable Gentleman; Out of my intire refpect to 
 him, I fliall prefume to give him half a dozen ftitches 
 of advife: 
 
 I intreat him to confider that our King is not onely 
 a man, but a King in affliction; Kings afflictions are 
 beyond Subjects apprehenf ions ; a Crown may hap- 
 pily ake as much as a whole Common- wealth. 
 
 I defire him alfo to conceale himfelf as deeply as he 
 can, if he cannot get a fpeciall pardon, to weare a La- 
 titat, about his neck, or let him lie clofe under the Phi- 
 lofophers ftone, and I'le warrant him for ever being 
 found. 
 
 If he be dif cove red, I counfell him to get his head 
 fet on f after than our New-England Taylors ufe to fet 
 on Buttons; Kings, and Kings Childrens memories 
 are as keen as their Subjects wits. 
 
 If he fears any fuch thing, that he would come over 
 to us, to helpe recruite our bewildered brains : we will 
 promife to maintain him fo long as he lives, if he will 
 promife to live no longer then we maintain him. 
 
 If he fhould bee difcovered and his head chance to 
 be cut off againft his will, I earneftly befeech him to 
 bequeath his wits to me and mine in Fee-fimple, for 
 we want them, and cannot live by our hands in this 
 Country. 
 
 Ivaftly, I intreat him to keep his purfe, I give him 
 
 my 
 
Aggavvam ia America. 71 
 
 my counfell gratis, conf effing him to be more then 
 my match, and that I am very loath to fall into his 
 hands. 
 
 Pro/ecution. 
 
 IF Reformation, Compofition, Ceffation, can finde 
 no admittance, there muft and will be Profecution : 
 to which I would alfo fpeake briefly and indifferently 
 ftill to both fides ; and firft to that, which I had rather 
 call Royalifts then malignants; who if I miftake not, 
 fight againft the Truth. 
 
 Foolifh Cowardly man (I pray patience, for I 
 fpeak nothing but the pulfe of my owne heart) dreads 
 and hates, nothing in Heaven or Earth, fo much as 
 Truth: it is not God, nor Law, nor finne, nor death, 
 nor hell, that he feares, but only becaufe hee feares 
 there is Truth in them: Could he de-truth them all, 
 he would defie them all: Let Perdition it felfe come 
 upon him with deadly threats, fiery fwords, difplay- 
 ed vengeance, he cares not; Let Salvation come cap 
 in hand, with naked Reafon, harmleffe Religion, 
 lawny imbracements, he will rather flye or dye, than 
 entertaine it: come Truth in what fhape it will, hee 
 will reject it: and when hee can beat it off with moft 
 fteely proweffe, he thinkes himfeffe the braveft man 
 when in truth it is nothing but exfanguine feeble exili- 
 ty of Spirit. Thy heart, faith the Prophet Ezek. 16. 
 30. is weake, like the heart of an imperious whorifh 
 woman: a man would thinke, the heart of an impe- 
 rious whore, were the very pummell of Scanderbergs; 
 fword; alas, fhee is hen-hearted, fhee dares not looke 
 Truth in the face ; if fhe dared, fhee would neither bee 
 
 K 3 who- 
 
72 71>f Simple Cohler of 
 
 whorifh, nor imperious, nor weake. He fhewes more 
 true fortitude, that prayes quarter of the leaft Truth, at 
 a miles diftance, than hee that breakes through and 
 hewes downe the moft Theban Phalanx that ever 
 field bore. Paul expreffed more true valour, in faying, 
 I'^can doe nothing againft the Truth,|than Goliah, in 
 defying the whole hofte of Ijrael. 
 
 Couragious Gentlemen, Yee that will ftab him 
 that gives you the lye; take heed yee fpend not your 
 bloods, limbes and foules, in fighting for fome un- 
 truth: and yee that will fling out the gantlet to him 
 that calls you Coward, difhonour not your felves 
 with fuch Cowardife, as to fight againft Truth, meer- 
 ly for feare of it. A thoufand pities it is fuch gallant 
 Spirits fhould fpend their lives, honours, heritages, 
 and fweet relations in any Warres, where, for ought 
 many of them know, fome falfe miftake commands 
 in Cheife. 
 
 Honoured Country men, bee intreated to love 
 Truth : if it loves not you againe, and repaires not all 
 your loffes, then inftall fome Untruth in its room for 
 your Generall. If you will needs warre, be perfwa- 
 ded to contend lawfully, wifely and ftedfaftly againft 
 all errours in Divinity and Policy: they are the cur- 
 fed Counter-mures, dropt Portcullifes, fcouring 
 Angi-ports, fulphurious Granado's, laden murthe- 
 rers, peevifh Galthropes, and rafcall defparadoes, 
 which the Prince of lyes imployes with all his skill 
 and malice, to maintaine the walls and gates of his 
 kingdome, when Truth would enter in with grace and 
 peace to fave forlorne finners, and diftreffed common- 
 wealthes; witneffe the prefent deplorable eftate of 
 fundry States in Europe. Give 
 
Aggavvam m Jmerica. 73 
 
 Give me leave to fpeake a word more: it is but 
 this; Yee will finde it a farre eafier field, to wage 
 warre againft all the Armies that ever were or will be 
 on Earth, and all the Angels of Heaven, than to take 
 up Armes againft any truth of God: It hath more 
 Counfell and ftrength than all the world befides; and 
 will certainly either gaine or ruine, convert or fubvert 
 every man that oppofes it. I hope ingenuous men 
 will rather take advice, then offence at what I have 
 faid: I had rather pleafe ten, than grieve one intelli- 
 gent man. 
 
 If this fide be refolute, I turne me to the other. 
 
 Goe on brave Englifhmen, in the name of God, go 
 on profperoufly, becaufe of Truth and Righteoufnes : 
 Yee that have the caufe of Religion, the life of your 
 Kingdome and of all the good that is in it in your 
 hands : Goe on undauntedly : As you are Called and 
 Chofen, fo be faithfull: Yee fight the battells of the 
 Lord, bee neither defidious nor perfidious: You ferve 
 the King of Kings, who ftiles you his heavenly Re- 
 giments, Confider well, what impregnable fighting 
 it is in heaven, where the Lord of Hofts is your Ge- 
 nerall, his Angels your Colonels, the Stars your fel- 
 low-fouldiers, his Saints your Oratours, his Promifes 
 your victuallers, his Truth your Trenches; where 
 Drums are Harps, Trumpets joyfull founds; your 
 Enfignes Chrifts Banners; where your weapons and 
 armour are fpirituall, therefore irrefiftable, therefore 
 impierceable ; where Sun and wind cannot difadvan- 
 tage you, you are above them ; where hell it felfe can- 
 not 
 
74 Th^ Simple Cobler of 
 
 not hurt you, where your fwords are furbufhed and 
 i happened by him that made their metall, where your 
 wounds are bound up with the oyle of a good Caufe, 
 where your blood runs into the veynes of Chrift, 
 where fudden death is prefent martyrdome and hfe; 
 your funerals refurrections your honour glory; where 
 your widows and babes are received into perpetuall 
 penfions; your names lifted among Davids Worthies; 
 where your greatest loffes are greateft gaines; and 
 where you leave the troubles of war, to lye down in 
 downy beds of eternall reft. 
 
 What good will it doe you, deare Countrymen, to 
 live without hves, to enjoy England without the God 
 of England, your Kingdome without a Parhament, 
 your Parliament without power, your Liberties with- 
 out ftability, your I.awes without Juftice, your ho- 
 nours without vertue, your beings without wel-being, 
 your wives without honefty, your children without 
 morality, your fervants without civility, your lands 
 without propriety, your goods without immunity, the 
 Gofpel without falvation, your Churches without 
 Miniftery, your Minifters without pietv, and all you 
 have or can have, with more teares and bitterneffe of 
 heart, than all you have and fhall have will fweeten 
 or wipe away ? 
 
 Goe on therefore Renowned Gentlemen, fall on 
 refolvedly, till your hands cleave to your fwords, your 
 fwords to your enemies hearts, your hearts to victory, 
 your victories to triumph, your triumphs to the ever- 
 lafting praife of him that hath given you Spirits to 
 offer your felves willingly, and to jeopard your lives 
 in high perils, for his Name and fervice fake. 
 
 And 
 
Aggavvam in Jmsrica. 75 
 
 And Wee your Brethren, though we neceffarily a- 
 bide beyond Jordan, and remaine on the American 
 Sea-coafts, will fend up Armies of prayers to the 
 Throne of Grace, that the God of power and good- 
 neffe, would incourage your hearts, cover your heads, 
 ftrengthen your arms, pardon your finnes, fave your 
 foules, and bleffe your families, in the day of Battell. 
 Wee will alfo pray, that the fame Lord of Hofts, 
 would difcover the Counfels, defeat the Enterprizes, 
 deride the hopes, difdaine the infolencies, and wound 
 the hairy fcalpes of your obftinate Enemies, and yet 
 pardon all that are unwillingly mifled. Wee will 
 likewife helpe you beleeve that God will be feen on 
 the Mount, that it is all one with him to fave by ma- 
 ny or few, and that he doth but humble and try you 
 for the prefent, that he may doe you good at the lat- 
 ter end. All which hee bring to paffe who is able to 
 doe exceeding abundantly, above all we can aske or 
 thinke, for his Truth and mercy fake in Jefus Chrift. 
 Amen. Amen. 
 
 A Word of IRELAND: 
 
 Not of the Nation univerfally, nor of any man in 
 
 it, that hath fo much as mie haire of Chri/tianity or 
 
 Humanity growing on his head or beard, but 
 
 onely of the truculent Cut-throats, and 
 
 fuch as /hall take up Armes 
 
 in their Defence. 
 
 THefe Irifh anciently called Antropophagi, man- 
 eaters: Have a Tradition among them. That 
 
 L when 
 
76 TT^e Simple Cobler of 
 
 when the Devill fhewed our Saviour all the /^ing- 
 domes of the Earth and their glory, that he would 
 not f hew him Ireland, but referved it for himfelfe : it 
 is probably true, for he hath kept it ever finee for 
 his own peculiar; the old Fox forefaw it would ec- 
 clipfe the glory of all the reft : he thought it wifdome 
 to keep the land for a Boggards for his unclean fpirits 
 imployed in this Hemifphere, and the people, to doe 
 his Son and Heire, I mean the Pope, that fervice for 
 which Lewis the eleventh kept his Barbor Oliver, 
 which makes them fo blood-thirfty. They are the ve- 
 ry Offall of men, Dregges of Mankind, Reproach of 
 Chriftendom, the Bots that crawle on the Beafts taile 
 I wonder Rome it felf is not afhamed of them. 
 
 I begge upon my, hands and knees, that the Ex- 
 pedition againft them may be undertaken while the 
 hearts and hands of our Souldiery are hot, to whom 
 I will be bold to fay briefly: Happy is he that fhall 
 reward them as they have ferved us, and Curfed be he 
 that fhall do that work of the Lord negligently, Cur- 
 led be he that holdeth back his Sword from blood: 
 yea, Curfed be he that maketh not his Sword ftarke 
 drunk with Irifh blood, that doth not recompence 
 them double for their hellifh treachery to the Engli/h, 
 that maketh them not heaps upon heaps, and their 
 Country a dwelling place for Dragons, an Aftonifh- 
 ment to Nations : Let not that eye look for pity, nor 
 that hand to be fpared, that pities or fpares them, and 
 let him be accurfed, that curfeth not them bitterly. 
 
Aggavvam in America. 77 
 
 A word of Love to the Common people 
 of England, 
 
 IT is, your, now or never, to mufter up puiffant Ar- 
 mies of prayer to the mercy Seate; your Body Re- 
 prefentative, is now to take in hand, as intricate a 
 peice of worke, as ever fell into the hands of any Par- 
 liament in the world, to tye an indiffoluble knot upon 
 that webb which hath been woven with fo much coft 
 and bloud, wherein if they happen to make one falfe 
 maske, it may re-imbarque themfelves and you all 
 into a deadly relapfe of fcorne and calamity. It is the 
 worke of God not of man, pray fpeedily therefore, 
 and fpeedingly, give him no reft till your reft be 
 throughly re-eftablifhed. Your God is a God whofe 
 name is All-fufficient, abundant in Goodneffe and 
 Truth, on whom the Sonnes of lacob never did, nor 
 fhall call in vaine, you have a Throne of Grace wlier- 
 to you may goe boldly; a Chrift to give you a leading 
 by the hand and liberty of fpeech, an Interceffor in 
 Heaven to offer up your prayers wrapp'd in his 
 own; a large Charter aske and have, a Spirit to helpe 
 all your infirmities in that duty, a lure Covenant 
 that you fhalbe heard, and fuch late incouragement as 
 may ftrengthen your feeble hands for ever. If you 
 who may command God concerning the work of his hand, 
 fhall faile to demand the workemanfhip of his hand 
 in this worke, your children will proclaime you un- 
 
 L 2 thrifts 
 
78 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 thrifts with bitter teares to the worlds end. 
 If you fee no caufe to pray, read 
 Jer. 18. 1. -—10. 
 
 Be alfo intreated to have a continuall and con- 
 fcientious care not to impeach the Parhament 
 in the hearts one of another by whifpering com- 
 plaints, eafilier told then tryed or trued. Great 
 bodyes move but flowely, efpecially when they 
 move on three leggs and are over-loden with weighty 
 occafions. They have now fate full fix years without 
 intermiffion to continue your being, many of their 
 heads are growne gray with your cares, they are the 
 High Councell of the Xingdome, the great Gilead of 
 your Balme, the Phifitians of all your fickneffe; if a- 
 ny of them doe amiffe, blame your felves, you chofe 
 them, be wifer hereafter; you cannot doe the State, 
 your felves, your pofterity a more ungratefull office 
 then to impaire them with difparagements and difco- 
 ragements who are fo ftudious to repaire your al- 
 moft irreparable ruines. 
 
 Be likewife be feeched, not to flight good minift- 
 ers, whom you were wont to reverence much, they 
 are Gods Embaffadours, your Ephods, your Starres, 
 your Horfe-men & Chariots, your Watchmen, & un- 
 der Chrift your Salvation, I know no deadlier Sym- 
 ptome of a dying people than to undervalue godly 
 Minifters, whofoever defpifeth them fhall certainly 
 be defpifed of God and men at one time or other. 
 
Aggavvam in America. 
 
 79 
 
 ftf#ftftfffffft#ftt 
 
 A mod humble heel-piece. 
 TO THE 
 
 Moft Honourable Head-piece 
 
 THE 
 
 Parliament of England. 
 
 I Might excufe my felfe in Part, with a fpeech 
 Lycurgus ufed in the Hke exigent of State, jene- 
 ctute fio audacior, publica neceffitate loquacior, but it 
 much better becomes mee with all lowlinelTe and 
 uprightneffe, wherein I have failed to pray pardon 
 on both my knees, which I moft humbly and wil- 
 lingly doe; only, before I rife, I crave leave to pre- 
 fent this fix-fold Petition. 
 
 That you would be pleafed 
 
 To preferve the Sacred reputation of Parliaments, 
 or, wee fhall have no Common-wealth. 
 
 To uphold the due eftimation of good Minifters, 
 elfe, wee fhall have no Church. 
 
 To heale the fad dif location of our Head, through- 
 ly, prefectly, or, wee fhall have no King. 
 
 To 
 
80 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 To oppugne the bold violation of divine Truths, 
 elfe wee fhall have no God. 
 
 To proceed with what zeale you began, or what 
 you began can come to little end. 
 
 To expedite worke with what fpeede you fafely 
 may, elfe ignorant people will feare they fhall 
 have no end at all. 
 
 Hee that is great in Counfell, and Wonderfull in 
 Working, guide and lielpe you in All things, that 
 doing All things in Him, by Him, and for Him, 
 you may doe All things like Him. 
 
 So be it. 
 
Agcawam in America 8j^ 
 
 Arefpe<ftivc word to the Miniftcrs 
 of ENGLAND. 
 
 FARRE bee it from mee, while I dehort others 
 to flight you my felfe, or to defpife any man 
 but my felfe, whom I can never defpife enough: 
 I rather humbly intreate you to forgive my bold- 
 neffe, who have moft juft caufe to judge my felfe 
 leffe and leffe faithfull than the leaft of you all, yet 
 I dare not but bee fo faithfull to you and my felfe, 
 as to fay 
 
 They are the Minifters of England, that have loft 
 the Land; for Chrifts fake, put on His bowels, His 
 wiidome. His zeale, and recover it. 
 
 pray 
 
82 The Simple Cohler of 
 
 I pray let me drive in half a dozen 
 plaine honest Country Hobnails, such as 
 the Martyrs were wont to weare; to 
 make my work hold the surer; and 1 
 have done. 
 
 1. ^ I ^Here, lives cannot be good, 
 
 _L There, Faith cannot be Jure, 
 Where Truth cannot be quiet. 
 Nor Ordinances pure. 
 
 2. No King can King it right. 
 
 Nor rightly ftvay his Rod; 
 Who truely loves not Chrift, 
 And truely fears not God. 
 
 3. He cannot rule a Land, 
 
 As Lands fhould ruled been. 
 That lets him/elf be rul 'd 
 By a ruli7ig Romane Queen. 
 
 4. No earthly man can be 
 
 True Subject to this State; 
 Who makes the Pope his Chrift, 
 An Heretique his Mate. 
 
 5. There Peace will goe to War, 
 
 And Silence make a noife: 
 Where upper things will not 
 With nether equipoyfe. 
 
 6. The 
 
Aggavvam in Jmerica, 8S 
 
 6. The upper world jhall Rule^ 
 
 While Stars will run their race: 
 The nether world obey, 
 
 While people keep their place. 
 
 The Clench. 
 
 IF any of the/e come out 
 So long '5 the world doe laft: 
 Then credit not a word 
 Of what is jaid and paft. 
 
 M ERRATA 
 
84 Th^ Simple Cobler of 
 
 ERRATA 
 
 AT NON 
 
 CORRIGENDA. 
 
 NOW I come to rubbe over ray work, I fiiide five 
 or fix things like faults, which would be mended 
 or commended, I know not well which, nor greatly 
 care. 
 
 1 . For Levity, i-ead, Lepidity, and that a ve- 
 ry little, and that very neceffary, if not unavoydable. 
 
 Mifce ftultitiam Conjiliis brevem 
 — Dulce eft defipere in loco. Horat. 
 
 To fpeak to light heads with heavy words, were to 
 break their necks: to cloathe Summer matter, with 
 Winter Rugge, would make the Reader fweat. It is 
 mufick to me, to hear every Dity fpeak its fpirit in its 
 apt tune : every breaft, to fing its proper part, and eve- 
 ry creature, to expreffe itfelf in its naturallnote: fhould 
 I lieare a Moufe roare like a Beare, a Cat lowgh like 
 an Oxe, or a Horfe whiftle like a Red-breaft, it would 
 fcare — mee. 
 
 The world'' s a well jtruiig fidle, mans tongue the quill. 
 That fills the world with jumble for want of skill. 
 
 When things and words in tune a7id tone doe meet. 
 The univerjall Jong goes fmooth and fweet. 
 
 2. For 
 
Aggavvam in dmerica. 85 
 
 2. For audacity, read, veracity, or Verum Gallice 
 non libenter audis. Mart. Flattery never doth well, but 
 when it is whifpered through a paire of lifping teeth; 
 Truth beft, when it is fpoken out, through a paire of 
 open lips. Ye make fuch a noyfe there, with Drums 
 and Trumpets, that if I fhould not fpeak loud, ye 
 could not hear me. Ye talke one to another, with 
 whole Culvering and Canon; give us leave to talk 
 Squibs and Piftoletto's charged with nothing but 
 powder of Love and fhott of Reafon : if you will cut 
 fuch deep gafhes in one anothers flefh, we must fow 
 them up with deep ftitches, elfeye may bleed to death: 
 ye were better let us, your tender Countrymen doe it, 
 than forraine Surgeons, who will handle you more 
 cruelly, and take no other pay, but your Lives and 
 Lands. 
 
 A/pice vultus. 
 
 Ecce meos, utinamque oculos in pectorepoffes 
 Injerere: & patrias intus deprendere Curas. Ovid. 
 
 (Phceb. 
 
 He that to tall me7i fpeakes, miift lift up 's head, 
 And when h 'hath done, muft Jet it where he did: 
 
 He that to proud meri talkes, muft put on pride; 
 And when h 'hath done, 'tis good to lay 't afide. 
 
 3. For, Fe,<?, but you fpeak at three thou f and miles di- 
 ftance, which every Coward dare doe, read, if my heart 
 deceives me not, I would fpeak thus, in the Prefence 
 Chamber or Houfe of Commons; hoping Homer will 
 fpeak a good word for me. 
 
 @apaa\eo<i yap avrjp iv Trdcriv a^xeivcov 
 'Eipy 01(71. 
 
 M 2 Omnibus 
 
86 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 Omnibus in rebus 'potior vir fortis <& audax 
 Sit licet ho/pes, & e longinquis venerit oris. 
 
 When Kings are loft^ and Subjects caft away, 
 
 A faith full Jieart jhould jpeak what tongue can jay: 
 
 It skils not ivhere this faithfull heaH doth dwell. 
 His faithfull dealing jhould be taken well. 
 
 4. For, affected termes, read, / Jiope not — ■ If 
 
 I affect termes, it is my feebleneffe; friends that know 
 me, think I doe not: I confeffe, I fee I have here and 
 there taken a few finifh ftitches, which may haply 
 pleafe a few Velvet eares ; but I cannot now well pull 
 them out, unleffe I fhould feame-rend all. It feemes 
 it is in fafhion with you to fugar your papers with 
 Carnation phrafes, and ipangle your fpeeches with 
 new quodled words. Ermins in Minifer is every mans 
 Coat. Yet we lieare fome are raking in old mufty 
 Charnel books, for old mouldy monefyllables ; I wifh 
 they were all banif ht to Monmouth jhire, to return when 
 they had more wit. 
 
 Multa renajcentur quw jam cecidere, cadentque 
 Quoe nuncjunt in honore vocabula, ji volet ujus. Hor. 
 
 I honour them with my heart, that can expreffe 
 more than ordinary matter in ordinary words: it is 
 a pleafing eloquence; them more that ftudy wifely 
 and foberly to inhance their native language; them 
 moft of all, that efteem the late fignificant fpeech, the 
 third great bleffing of the Land; it being fo enriched, 
 that a man may fpeak many Tongues in his Mothers 
 
 mouth 
 
Aggavvam in diner ka, 87 
 
 mouth and an uplandifh Ruftick, more in one word 
 than liimfelfe and all the Parilh underftands. Affe- 
 cted termes are unaffecting things to folid hearers; yet 
 I hold him prudent, that in thefe faftidious times, will 
 helpe difedged appetites with convenient condiments, 
 and bangled ears, with pretty quicke pluckes. I fpeak 
 the rather becaufe, not long fince, I met with a book, 
 the beft to me I ever faw, but the Bible, yet under 
 favour, it was fomewhat underclad, efpecially by 
 him who can both excogitate and exprefie what hee 
 undertakes, as well as any man I know. 
 
 The world is growne jo fine in words and wit. 
 That pens muft now Sir Edward Nich'las it. 
 
 He that much matter /peaks, /peaks 7je'r a whit. 
 If 's tongue doth not career 't above his ivit. 
 
 5. For, You ver/e it /imply, what need have we of your 
 thin Poetry; read, I confeffe I wonder at it my felf , that 
 I f liould turne Poet : I can impute it to nothing, but to 
 the flatuoufneffe of our diet : they are but sudden rap- 
 tures foone up, foone downe. 
 
 --Deductum dicere Carmen, is highly commended by 
 
 Macrobius. 
 Virgil himfelf faid, 
 
 Agre/tem tenui meditabor arundine mu/am. 
 
 Poetry 's a gift wherein but few excell; 
 
 He doth very ill, that doth not pa//ing well. 
 But he doth pa//ing well, that doth his be/t. 
 
 And he doth be/t, that pa//eth all the re/t. 
 
 M 3 6. For 
 
88 The Simple Cobler of 
 
 6. For, tedioufneffe, read, / am jorrij for it We 
 
 have a ftrong weaknelTe in N. E. that when wee are 
 fpeakmg, we know not how to conchide: wee make 
 many ends, before we make an end : the fault is in the 
 Chmate; we cannot helpe it though we can, which is 
 the Arch infirmity in all morality: We are fo near the 
 Weft pole, that our Longitudes are as long, as any 
 wife man would wifh, and fomewhat longer. I fcarce 
 know any Adage more gratefull: than Grata hrevitas. 
 
 Verba confer maxime ad compendium. Plant. 
 
 Coblers will mend, hut jome loill never mend. 
 But end, and end, and end, and never end. 
 
 A well-girt houre gives every man content, 
 
 Sixe ribs of beefe, are worth fixe weeks of Lent. 
 
 For, all my other faults, which may bee more and 
 greater than I fee, read, / am heartily forry for them, 
 before I know them, eaft I fhould forget it after; and 
 humbly crave pardon at adventure, having nothing 
 that I can think of, to plead but this, 
 
 Quifquis in ops peccat, minor eft reus. Petron. 
 
 Poore Coblers well may fault it now and then, 
 They'r ever mending faults for other men. 
 
 And if I ivorke for nought, tvhy is it faid. 
 
 This bungling Cobler would be foundly paid'^ 
 
 So 
 
Aggavvam in Jmerica. 89 
 
 So farewell England old 
 
 If evill times enfue, 
 Let good men come to us. 
 
 Wee 7 welcome them to New. 
 
 And farewell Honor'' d Friends, 
 
 If happy dayes enfue, 
 YouH have jome Guejts from hencCy 
 
 Pray welcome us to you. 
 
 And farewell fimple tvorld. 
 
 If thou 'It thy Cranium mend. 
 
 There is my Laft a?id All, 
 And a Shoem-Akers 
 
 END. 
 
gNATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 In March, 1633, a little company of settlers, led by John 
 Wmthrop, Jr., eldest son of the Governor, invaded the 
 wilderness and began the formal settlement of Ipswich. 
 The young leader was a scholarly and noble-minded man, 
 and a singularly refined group was attracted at once to 
 the new town. For the work of the ministry, came Nath- 
 aniel Ward, and Nathaniel Rogers, both excommunicated 
 by Laud and deposed from the mmistry in England, and 
 the young John Norton, brilliant in scholarship and des- 
 tined for high place in the Colony. Thomas Dudley, retir- 
 ing from the Governorship, sought a new home here, and 
 with him came his daughter, Ann, with her husband, Simon 
 Brads treet, the future statesman, and Patience and her 
 husband, Daniel Denison, renowned for his military skill 
 and political prominence. Dr. Giles Firmin, son-in-law of 
 Ward, and Richard Saltonstall, son of Sir Richard, a man 
 of fine intellectual parts, called at once to places of politi- 
 cal preferment, were numbered among the earliest settlers. 
 
 Wmthrop had been a student at Trinity College, Dublin. 
 Ward, Rogers, Norton, Saltonstall, and Firmm • were all 
 Cambridge graduates. Brads treet and Dudley were men 
 of fine intelligence, and Ann Bradstreet was already reveal- 
 ing marked poetical gifts. 
 
 William Hubbard took his bachelor's degree in 1642 with 
 the first class that graduated from Harvard, and became 
 the minister of the Ipswich church. Ezekiel Cheever, the 
 famous schoolmaster, came in 1650, and taught for ten 
 years as Master of the Grammar School. Sarnuel Symonds 
 grew into fame and influence in political life, Samuel Apple- 
 ton won renown as Commander-m-chief during King 
 Philip 'siWar, and in the fiftieth year from the settlement 
 of the town, John Rogers was called to the presidency of 
 Harvard. A few years later, Ipswich gained a notable 
 place in the annals of resistance to tyranny by her refusal 
 to choose the tax commissioner ordered by Sir Edmund 
 Andros. 
 
 From this brilliant group, came notable contributions to 
 the literature of New England. Ann Bradstreet, inspired 
 
 (91) 
 
92 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 by such an atmosphere, wrote the poems which were 
 hailed with rapture as the work of the Tenth Muse. Will- 
 iam Hubbard compiled his History of the Indian Wars. 
 Nathaniel Ward revealed his great gifts in the preparation 
 of The Body of Liberties and The Simple Cobler. He was 
 the most striking figure perhaps in this illustrious company. 
 His career m England had been noteworthy. He had 
 taken his degree of Bachelor of Arts at Emmanuel College 
 in 1600 and his Master's degree hi 1603, but chose the legal 
 profession, though his father and two brothers were clergy- 
 men. He "read almost all the Connnon Law of England 
 and some Statutes,' ' he remarks ui The Simple Cobler (p. 66) , 
 then travelled widely in Europe and spent some time in 
 Heidelberg. There he came in contact with the famous 
 theologian, David Pareus, and was influenced by him to 
 abandon the law and enter the ministry. 
 
 While rector at Stondon-Massey, near London, he became 
 conspicuous for his Puritan practices, and was summoned 
 before Archbishop Laud. Refusing to comply with the 
 ecclesiastical requirements, he was roughly excommuni- 
 cated. Deprived of his home by the death of his wife and 
 deposed from the ministry, he sought a new home and work 
 in the New World, although he was at least fifty-four years 
 old. 
 
 He came to Ipswich in 1634, the year of his arrival, and 
 began his work at once. Mr. John Ward Dean, in his 
 excellent Memoir of Mr. Ward, states that he preached not 
 more than two or three years, and that he was moved to 
 resign his j^astorate, partly on account of impaired health, 
 but principally from a preference for literary employments. 
 He was succeeded by Rev. Nathaniel Rogers in Febru- 
 ary, 1637/8, and turned at once to other and varied labors. 
 
 His house was built near the present site of the Col. Wade 
 mansion. His sons, James and John, were often with him, 
 and his daughter, Susan, wife of Dr. Giles Firmm, lived on 
 the adjoming lot, where the parsonage of the vSouth Church 
 now stands. On the opposite side of the road, within a 
 few rods of Mr. Ward's door, Richard Saltonstall and Mr. 
 Rogers reared their dwellings. John Norton, Gov. Dudley 
 and Simon Bradstreet dwelt within easy walking distance. 
 Congenial society was never lacking. 
 
 In April, 1638, he was appointed a member of a conmiittee 
 to prepare a code of laws for the Colony, His legal attaui- 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 93 
 
 ments fitted him pre-emiiiently for this work, and the code 
 which he prepared is generally recognized to be identical 
 with The Body of Liberties, which was eventually ratified 
 and adopted as the written law of the Colony. It has 
 been commended by men of high judicial attahiments as 
 a work of fine legal quality. The General Court granted 
 Mr. Ward six hundred acres of land at Pentucket, now 
 Haverhill, in 1641, as compensation for this service.^ 
 
 In 1643, fears were jirevalent of entanglement with 
 French colonial affairs at St. John on account of Gov, Win- 
 throp 's favorable action upon the request of La Tour to 
 hu"e ships in the Colony. A Remonstrance^ was drawn up 
 signed by Richard Saltonstall, Simon Bradstreet, Samuel 
 Symond^;, Nathaniel Ward, Ezekiel Rogers, Nathaniel 
 Rogers, and Jolm Norton. The first three were magis- 
 trates. Ezekiel Rogers was minister at Rowley. This 
 document may have contributed to the defeat of Gover- 
 nor Wmthrop at the followmg election. It is natural to 
 conclude that the conferences incidental to the formulatmg 
 of this Remonstrance may have been held m Mr. Ward 's 
 house, as the oldest of the group and most delicate in 
 health. 
 
 In the year 1645^ he was already at work on The Simple 
 Cobler, which was completed m the following year and 
 sent to London for publication. He bade farewell to Ips- 
 wich in the winter of 1646/7, and sailed for England, where 
 he spent his declmmg years, and died m 1653. 
 
 Durmg these twelve years he had tasted the bitterness of 
 poverty. The pathos of that letter written on December 24 
 of 1634 or 1635 to Governor Winthrop wUl never be for- 
 gotten. ''I heare Mr. Coddmgton hath the sale and dis- 
 posall of much provision come in this shipp. I mtreate 
 you to do so much as to speake to him m my name to reserue 
 some meale & malt & what victuals els he thinks meete till 
 our Riuer be open our Church will pay him duely for it 
 I am very destitute I have not above 6 bushells corne left 
 & other things an'iwerable. ' ' 
 
 With grim humor, he remarks of Tune m The Simple 
 
 ' See an estimate of this code in " Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay 
 Colony," page 47. 
 
 ^ Printed in full in the Hutchinson Papers, with Gov. Winthrop's 
 answei . 
 
 ^ Simple Cobler, p. 18: "Materia millessima sexcentesima quadra- 
 gesima quinta." 
 
4 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 Cobler (p. 53), " it is an empty thing, as empty as a New- 
 English purse, and emptier it cannot bee;" and there is 
 a touch of bitterness in his observations on the financial 
 support of ministers, "nor can an Elder be given to hos- 
 pitality, when he knowes not what will be given him to 
 defray it: it is pity men of gifts should live upon mens 
 gifts" (p. 41). ''The seeds of the Bay-sickness, " caused 
 much physical pain and weakness, so that he realized his 
 imfitness for a removal to the new plantation at Pen tucket, 
 though the project was often deliberated by the family 
 group, and ^his son John removed thither, and became 
 the minister of the new settlement. 
 
 No house ever built in our town has such associations 
 as that in which he dwelt and wrought^^ out The Body of 
 Liberties and struck off The Sunple Cobler, whUe in the 
 humor, brooding often upon his poverty and weakness. 
 It was standing some years after his departure. Cotton 
 Mather, in his " Parentator, Memoirs of Remarkables in 
 the Life and Death of his father. Increase Mather," pub- 
 lished ill 1724, remarked, quoting perhaps his father's words : 
 
 "An Hundred witty Speeches of our celebrated Ward 
 who called himself The Simple Cobler of Agawam [and over 
 whose Mantle-piece in his House, by the wav, I have seen 
 those three Words Engraved, SOBRIE JUSTE PIE and 
 a Fourth added which was LiETE] have been reported. 
 But he had one Godly Speech. / have only Two Comforts 
 to Live upo7i: The one is, in The Perfections of CHRIST: 
 The other is in The Imperfections of all CHRISTIANS." 
 
 No deed of conveyance was recorded. It was sold un- 
 doubtedly to Jonathan Wade and Firmin's house became 
 the property of Deacon William Goodhue.^ 
 
 The Simple Cobler was published in January, 1646/7, and 
 attained great popularity. Four editions were printed 
 within a few months. A reprint of the fourth London 
 edition was published in Boston in 1713, and David Pulsi- 
 fer, of the Ipswich family of that name, made a reprint of this 
 edition in 1843. This reprint is from a copy of the fourth 
 
 * See a full account of land transfers in " Ipswich in the Massachu- 
 setts Bay Colony," p. 470. Mr. John W. Nourse has discovered, in the 
 Commoners' Record, the entry 
 
 " Mr. Jonathan & ) claim equal 
 
 Mr. Thomas Wade ) rights in y<^ several 
 
 coinonages, one by Mr. Nath' Wards Entry 1(>41 deed'* to y"" Grand- 
 father in 1646." 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 95 
 
 London edition, presented to the Ipswich Historical Society 
 by the late Daniel Fuller Appleton, Esq. The title page 
 and the two following pages have been reproduced. The 
 page divisions and the general appearance of the book have 
 been preserved as far as possible throughout the work. 
 The original punctuation, capital letters, and spellmg have 
 been adhered to faithfully. 
 
 The title page is ingeniously worded. The author's 
 name appears thinly disguised under the pseudonym, 
 Theodore de la Guard, Theodore bemg the exact Greek 
 equivalent of the Hebrew, Nathaniel, and de la Guard an 
 easy French rendering of Ward. The mingling of classical 
 quotations with acute and amusmg English paraphrases 
 is an admirable prelude to the method of the whole essay. 
 The fiction of the 'Cobler' is maintained in the prefatory 
 note, To the Reader, and in the title repeated on page 1, 
 but it is abandoned instantly with the discussion of his 
 theme, reappearing only in his setting on of " the best peece 
 of Soule-leather I have" on page 32, in the snatch of song 
 he puts in the mouth of the 'Cobler' on pages 45 and 46, 
 the ' ' humble heel-piece' ' on pages 79 and 80, and the num- 
 erous finishing touches of the Errata, with which the book 
 ends. 
 
 A few vigorous sentences portray the confused and criti- 
 cal condition of public affairs. "vSathan is now in his 
 passions, he feeles his passion approaching : hee loves to fish 
 in royled waters." ''The finer Religion grows, the finer 
 hee spins his Cobwebs" (p. 2). 
 
 The healing of "these comfortlesse exulcerations," is a 
 difficult task, but he endeavors to make some contribution 
 to this end. Resenting the charge that the New England 
 colonists are ' ' a Colluvies of wild Opinionists, swarmed into 
 a remote wildernes to find elbow-roome for our phanatick 
 Doctrmes and practises:" he proclaims in the name of the 
 Colony "that all Familists, An tinomians. Anabaptists and 
 other Enthusiasts shall have free Liberty to keepe away 
 from us, and such as will come to be gone as fast as they 
 can, the sooner the better, ' ' and he avers, ' ' that God doth 
 no where in his word tolerate Christian States, to give 
 Tolerations to such adversaries of his Truth, if they have 
 power in their hands to suppresse them" (p. 3). This is the 
 keynote of his teaching. Intolerance of every false opin- 
 ion or practise is the duty of the Puritans of England, 
 
96 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 in their conflict with error. He has heard of a compact 
 made by some planters in the West Indies, which ' ' firmly 
 provides free stable-room and litter for all kinde of con- 
 sciences, be they never so dirty or jadish; makmg it action- 
 able, yea, treasonable, to disturbe any man in his Religion, 
 or to discommend it, whatever it be," but he rejoices that 
 "God al:)horrmg such loathsome beverages, hath in his 
 righteous judgement blasted that enterprize" (p. 4). Four 
 things he detests: "The standing of the Apocrypha in the 
 Bible; Forrainers dwelling in my Countrey, to crowd out 
 native Subjects into the corners of the Earth; Alchymized 
 coines; Tolerations of divers Religions, or of one Religion 
 in segregant shapes " (p. 5). "To authorise an untruth,'' 
 he affirms, " is to build a Sconce against the walls of heaven, 
 to batter God out of his chaire" (p. 6). He brings all 
 his arguments to establish the truth of his position. ' ' Aii- 
 gustines tongue had not owed his mouth one ]ienny-rent 
 though he had never spake word more in it, but this, Nullum 
 malum, pejus Hhertate enandi" (p. 8). (No evil is worse 
 than liberty to teach falsely.) The Scriptures teach, he 
 affirms, that "nothing makes free but Truth, and Truth 
 saith, there is no Truth but one" (p. 9). If there is room 
 in England for the Errorists whom he catalogues on page 1 1 , 
 then there is room for the mythical and unclean sprites he 
 mentions over agamst them, "In a word room for Hell 
 above ground." 
 
 Lest any one may misunderstand his position he reaf- 
 firms it. "It is said, That Men ought to have Liberty of 
 their Conscience and that it is persecution to debarre them 
 of it: I can rather stand amazed then reply to this: it is 
 an astonishment to think that the braines of men should 
 be parboyl'd in such impious ignorance; Let all the wits 
 under the Heavens lay their heads together and finde an 
 Assertion worse then this (one excepted) I will petition 
 to be chosen the universall Ideot of the world" (p. 12). 
 Hence Parliament should enact "some peremptory Statu- 
 tory Act ' ' agamst Error, and every prophet should preach 
 against it. All uifants should be baptized, ' ' though their 
 Parents judgements be against it" (p. 17). He gives 
 warning of a "new sprung Sect of phrantasticks, which 
 would perswade themselves and others, that they have dis- 
 covered^ the Nor-west passage to Heaven. These wits of the 
 game, cry up and downe in corners such bold ignotions of a 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 97 
 
 new Gospell, new Christ, new Faith, and new gay-nothings, 
 as trouble unsetled heads, querulous hearts, and not a little 
 grieve the Spirit of God. " ' ' Blasphemers, ' ' he calls them, 
 "a late fry of croakmg frogs." "I cannot imagme why 
 the Holy Ghost should give Timothie the solemnest charge, 
 was ever given mortal man, to observe the Rules he had 
 given, till the conmimg of Christ, if new things must be 
 expected" (p. 19). 
 
 There is so much power in false doctrine, "that the 
 least Error, if grown sturdy and pressed, shall set open the 
 Spittle-doore of all the squint-ey 'd, wry-necked, and brasen- 
 faced Errors that are or ever were of that litter" (p. 21). 
 It is impossible, he maintains, to allow all religions their 
 liberty, and secure regular justice and moral honesty in 
 one and the same jurisdiction, and he expresses this in 
 another extraordinary declaration : * ' If the whole conclave 
 of Hell can so compromise, exadverse, and diametricall con- 
 tradictions, as to compolitize such multimonstrous maufrey 
 of heteroclytes and quicquidlibets quietly; I trust I may 
 say with all humble reverence, they can do more than the 
 Senate of Heaven" (p. 22). 
 
 This is the climax of his argument for Intolerance, and 
 he makes at this pomt a whimsical digression from the 
 development of his theme to make an attack upon the 
 undue regard of women for the latest fashion and men's 
 wearmg of long hair. Quoting a line from Horace, ' ' What 
 is to hinder one from telling the Truth laughingly?" he 
 proceeds with bitter sarcasm to deride the "nugiperous" 
 [light-minded] Gentledame, who inquires ' ' what dresse the 
 Queen is in this week: what the nudius tertian [day before 
 yesterday] fashion of the Court; ... I look at her as the 
 very gizzard of a trifle, the product of a quarter of a cypher, 
 the epitome of Nothing, fitter to be kickt, if she were of 
 a kickable substance, than either honoured or humour 'd." 
 
 The ordinary resource of language fails him utterly and 
 he betakes himself to a vocabulary of extraordinary vio- 
 lence. Their fashionable garb "transclouts them into 
 gant-bar-geese, ill-shapen-shotten-shell-fish, Egyptian Hye- 
 roglyphicks" (p. 26). He is sick of seemg the "gut- 
 foundred goosdom, wherewith they are now surcingled and 
 debauched. " ' He derides tailors for spending their lives 
 ''in making fidle-cases for futulous womens phansies: 
 which are the very pettitoes of Infirmity, the giblets of 
 
98 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 perquisquilian toyes" (p. 27). With a parting gibe at 
 these '' light-heel' d beagles that lead the chase so fast, 
 that they run all civility out of breath, against these Ape- 
 headed pullets, which mvent Antique foole-fangles, meerly 
 for fashion and novelty sake" (p. 29), he devotes a few 
 sentences to the enormous sm of men in wearing long hair, 
 and then returns to the further discussion of the great 
 questions of the time. 
 
 Four possible schemes of securing peace and harmony 
 between King and people are discussed under the heads 
 of Reformation, Composition, Cessation, Prosecution, and 
 for the most part with dignity and moderation. He de- 
 clares that he agrees neither with Presbyterian nor Inde- 
 pendent nor Separatist, but advocates some middle course, 
 that shall secure pure and undefiled religion. He calls for 
 personal purity and sincerity in Christian living. 
 
 His discussion of the scheme of Composition, by which 
 both Majestas Imperii and Salus Populi may be secured, 
 leads him to some strong speech. ' ' No Prince exceeds m 
 Soveraignty, but his Subjects will exceed as farre in some 
 vitious Liberty, to abate their greife; or some pernicious 
 mutiny, to abate their Prince" (p. 48). His personal ad- 
 dress to the King, with which this section closes, is respect- 
 ful and even humble m its tone, but pointed and plain. 
 Though he means ' ' to storme you with volyes of Love and 
 Loyalty " (p. 54), he asks leave ' ' to inquire of your Majesty, 
 what you make in fields of blood, when you should be 
 amidst your Parliament of peace : What you doe sculking 
 in the suburbs of Hell, when your Royall Pallaces stand 
 desolate, through your absence?" (p. 55). He feels the 
 critical condition of affairs, and implores the King to be- 
 ware of pressing his subjects too hard. There is an uncon- 
 scious prophecy of the end, we feel, in his warning words, 
 "your good Subjects are now rising into a resolution to 
 pray you on to your Throne, or into your Tombe, iiito 
 Grace with your Parliament and people, or into Glory with 
 the Saints in Heaven ' ' (p. 63). Events had moved rapidly 
 since those words were penned, and when The Simple 
 Cobler appeared in prmt, the King was already a prisoner. 
 "It is now nine months and more since the last credible 
 News was acted: it is possible by this the Parliament may 
 be at the King's mercy. " 
 
 Two personal reminiscences afford an interesting digres- 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 99 
 
 sion. Prince Rupert, nephew of King CharlesjFirst, was 
 in the field, the roystering leader of the cavalry. Some- 
 where on the Continent, Mr. Ward had met his mother, 
 Elizabeth, daughter of James First and wife of the Elector 
 of the Palatinate, and the little Rupert. ' ' I have had him 
 in my armes when he was younger, I wish I had him there 
 now: if I mistake not, he promised then to be a good Prince, 
 ^ut I doubt he hath forgot it: if I thought he would not be 
 angry with me, I would pray hard to his Maker, to make 
 him a right Roundhead, a wise hearted Palatine, a thank- 
 full man to the English; to forgive all his sinnes, and at 
 length to save his soule, notwithstanding all his God-damne 
 mee's: yet I may doe hun wrong: I am not certaine hee 
 useth that oath; I wish no man else would: I dare say 
 the Devills dare not. I thank God I have lived m a Colony 
 of many thousand English these twelve years, am held a 
 very sociable man; yet I may considerately say, I never 
 heard but one Oath sworne, nor ever saw one man drunk, 
 nor ever heard of three women Adulteresses, in all this time, 
 that I can call to minde" (pp. 64, 65). 
 
 Under the final division, Prosecution, he appeals to his 
 countrymen to love Truth, and pursue it at any cost. Drop- 
 ping his puns, he exhorts with stirring and sonorous words, 
 "Goe on brave Englishmen, in the name of God, go on 
 prosperously, because of Truth and Righteousness" (p. 73). 
 
 The thrilling eloquence of this prolonged appeal, the 
 grandeur of its imagery, the loftiness of its tone, reveal the 
 power of the author. The final passage, beginning "And 
 Wee your Brethren, though we necessarily abide beyond 
 Jordan, and remaine on the American Sea-coasts, will send 
 up Armies of prayers to the Throne of Grace, " is a noble 
 climax and end (p. 75). 
 
 Several appendices of different sorts follow. In " A Word 
 of Ireland" (p. 75) the author lapses into brutal ferocity 
 of speech and purpose against ' ' the truculent cut-throats. ' ' 
 He heaps upon them the foulest epithets and prays that 
 the expedition then being fitted out to avenge their murder 
 of the English in 1641, may be undertaken "while the 
 hearts and hands of our Souldiery are hot.' ' ' ' Cursed be 
 he that holdeth back his Sword from blood," he cries. 
 ' ' Cursed be he that maketh not his Sword starke drunk 
 with Irish blood, that doth not recompence them double 
 for their hellish treachery to the English, that maketh them 
 
100 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 not heaps upon heaps, and their country a dwelling place 
 for Dragons, an Astonishment to Nations; Let not that 
 eye look for pity, nor that hand to be spared, that pities or 
 spares them, and let him be accursed that curseth not them 
 bitterly" (p. 76). 
 
 A few more addresses, ' ' half a dozen plaine honest Coim- 
 try Hobnailes, ' ' as he styles some verses which follow, and 
 the "Errata at non Corrigenda, "a burlesque upon the Errata 
 with which books commonly ended, in his characteristic 
 style, complete the work. 
 
 Judged by twentieth century standards. The Simple 
 Cobler maybe called a sad example of bigotry and pedantry, 
 a senseless jargon of meaningless words, better forgotten 
 than brought once more to remembrance. Yet to the 
 thoughtful student of the Past, The Cobler is still a work 
 of increasing value. 
 
 It was the product of the Puritan age, of which Carlyle 
 wrote: "The Age of the Puritans is not extmct only and 
 gone away from us but it is as if fallen beyond the capabili- 
 ties of Memory herself; it is grown miintelligible, what 
 we may call incredible. Its earnest Purport awakens now 
 no resonance in our frivolous hearts. We understand 
 not even in imagination, one of a thousand of us, what it 
 ever could have meant. It seems delirious, delusive, the 
 soimd of it has become tedious as a tale of past stupidities. "^ 
 
 The age of the Puritans was one of great significance in 
 the history of humanity, and The Simple Cobler opens to us 
 an impressive picture of that time. Its literary style is 
 illustrative of the period. The Puritan scholar had only 
 his Bible and the classics. The drama was an abomination 
 to hmi. Though Shakespeare had anticipated Mr. Ward 
 more than twenty years, with his cobbler in the first act 
 of Julius Ccesar, our Ipswich sage probably knew nothmg 
 of it. But Puritan learning was profound and exact, 
 withm its limit. The extraordinary fluency in apt and 
 striking quotations from many classic authors reveals a 
 thorough and loving acquaintance with the ancient masters 
 of style. Indeed, our author is not content to quote his 
 Bible and his classics. His vocabulary abounds m words 
 that are Latin and Greek, under slight disguise. A Latin 
 lexicon affords a better clew to his meaning than Webster 's 
 Unabridged. In Mercurius Anti-Mechanicus, a book often 
 
 * Oliver Cromwell 's Letters and Speeches, 1:15. 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 101 
 
 attributed to Mr. Ward, the writer observes, ' ' The truth 
 is T have been so much habituated and half natured into 
 these Latins and Greeks, ere I was aware, that I neither can 
 expell them, nor spell my own mother-tongue after my old 
 fashion.'" It was not intentional pedantry, we may well 
 believe. Many words, also, have grown obsolete in the lapse 
 of two centuries and a half, and obscurity has appeared 
 where there was none. 
 
 Yet, in his own time, Mr. Ward's style was peculiar to 
 himself in large degree. His love for eccentric and ' ' new 
 quodled words" makes his meaning often uncertain. His 
 wearisome antitheses lead hun to strange liberties with 
 his mother tongue. His wit becomes forced, his pmis are 
 sometimes coarse and even vulgar. His metaphors defy 
 all rules. In the same sentence the State is a tabernacle 
 and a ship. ''We hoyse up sails" is followed by "to 
 walk on by twylight. ' ' Nevertheless there is such piquancy 
 and freshness, such fine sentiment, such tones of thunder, 
 that many readers have found much to admire. Carlyle 
 might have sat at his feet. Robert Southey, the Poet- 
 Laureate, owned a copy of The Simple Cobler, marked 
 throughout with marginal pencillings of the passages that 
 appealed to him.- "The least Truth of Gods Kingdome, 
 doth in its place, uphold the whole Kmgdome of his Truths; 
 take away the least vericiilum out of the world, and it 
 unworlds all, potentially, and may unravell the whole tex- 
 ture actually, if it be not conserved by an Arm of superi- 
 ordmary power," is one passage thus designated (p. 21). 
 Another was the noble sentence, worthy of Milton, it has 
 been said, "Non senescet Veritas, No man ever saw a gray 
 haire on the head or beard of any Truth, wrinckle or mor- 
 phew on its face: The bed of Truth is green all the yeare 
 long" (p. 22). 
 
 The migallant criticism by The Cobler of women's dress 
 was only the echo of the common thought of the time. In 
 1634, and again in 1639, the Great and General Court con- 
 demned the wearmg of laces and ribbons, ruffs and cuffs, 
 and in 1651 it was enacted that no one whose estate did 
 not exceed £200 should wear silk or tiffany hoods or scarfs. 
 The wearmg of long hair by men was likewise a matter of 
 common grief to the godly minded. 
 
 1 John Ward Dean, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, p. 105. 
 
 2 Duyckinck, Cyclopaedia of American Literature, vol. 1 : p. 24. 
 
102 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 The sharp arraignment of tolerance was the common 
 sentiment of New and Old England. Nathaniel Ward and 
 his friends and neighbors, Gov. Dudley and Jolm Norton, 
 agreed well in this. Dudley wrote: 
 
 "Let men of Crod in courts and churches watch 
 O'er such as do a toleration hatch," 
 
 and Norton declared that for the putting down of error 
 'Hhe holy tactics of the civil sword should be employed."^ 
 
 His fierceroutburst against the Irish was m Ime with 
 the preaching to which every Puritan congregation listened 
 with delight. Thomas Hooker proclamied to smners: 
 P|'' Judge the torments of hell by some little beginning of 
 it,fand the dregs of the Lord's vengeance^ by someMittle 
 sips of it; and judge how unable thou art to Ijear the whole, 
 by thy mability to bear a little of it. . . . When God lays 
 the flashes of hell-fire upon thy soul, thou canst not en- 
 dure it. . . . If the drops be so heavy, what will the 
 whole sea of God's vengeance be?"^ 
 
 Thomas Shepard of Cambridge described the condition 
 of the simier : ' ' Thy mind is a nest of all the foul opin- 
 ions, heresies, that ever were vented by any man ; thy heart 
 is a foul sink of all atheism, sodomy, blasphemy, murder, 
 whoredom, adultery, witchcraft, buggery ; so that if thou 
 hast any good thing in thee, it is but as a drop of rose-water 
 in a bowl of poison. ... It is true thou feelest not all 
 these things stirring in thee at one time . . .but they 
 are in thee like a nest of snakes in a hedge. "^ 
 
 They exulted in the imprecatory Psalms, in the Mosaic 
 Law, in the lake of everlasting torment. Their pulpits were 
 begirt with thunderings and lightnings. 
 
 John Milton closed his second ' ' Defence of the People of 
 England" with the prayer: "look upon this thy poor and 
 almost spent and expiring church ; leave her not thus a prey 
 to these importunate wolves, that wait and think it long, 
 till they devour thy tender flock; those wild boars that have 
 broken into thy vineyard, and left the print of their pollut- 
 ing hoofs, on the souls of thy servants. 0, let them not 
 bring about their damnmg designs, that stand now at the 
 entrance of the bottomless pit, expecting the watch-word 
 
 > M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 108. 
 ' M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 200. 
 3 M. C. Tyler, Hist, of Amer. Literature, 1 : 208. 
 
NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 103 
 
 to open and let out those dreadful locusts and scorpions, 
 to reinvolve us in that pitchy cloud of infernal darkness, 
 where we shall never more see the sun of thy truth again ; 
 never hope for the cheerful dawn ; never more hear the bird 
 of morning sing. ' ' 
 
 Oliver Cromwell wrote his friend Col. Walton of the death 
 of his oldest son on the battlefield: "There is your precious 
 child full of glory, never to know sin or sorrow any 
 more. . . . Before his death he was so full of comfort 
 ... he could not express it, ' It was so great above his 
 pain. ' A little after he said, One thing lay upon his spirit. 
 I asked hmi, W^at that was? he told me it was, That God 
 had not suffered him to be any more the executioner of 
 His enemies."^ 
 
 In his letter from Dublin, Sept. 16, 1649, Cromwell wrote : 
 * ' It hath pleased God to bless our endeavors at Drogheda. 
 He wrote more particularly the next day : " Divers of the 
 Enemy retreated into the Mill Mount, a place very strong 
 and of difficult access; being exceedingly high, having a 
 good graft, and strongly pallisadoed." 
 
 "The Governor, Sir Arthur Ashton, and divers considerable 
 Officers being there, our men getting up to them, were 
 ordered by me to put them all to the sword. And indeed, 
 being in the heat of action, I forbade them to spare any 
 that were in armes in the Town, and I think, that night, 
 they put to the sword about 2000 men:— divers of the offi- 
 cers and soldiers being fled over the Bridge into the other 
 part of the Town, where about a hundred of them possessed 
 St Peter's Church-steeple, some the West Gate and others 
 a strong Round Tower next the Gate called St. Sunday's. 
 These being sunmioned to yield to mercy, refused. Where- 
 upon I ordered the steeple of St. Peter's Church to be fired, 
 when one of them was heard to say in the midst of the 
 flames ' God damn me, God confound me ; I burn, I burn. 
 
 "From one of the said Towers, notwithstanding their 
 condition, they killed and woimded some of our men. 
 When they submitted, their officers were knocked on the 
 head : and every tenth man of the soldiers killed ; and the 
 rest shipped for the Barbadoes." 
 
 "I am persuaded that this is a righteous judgment of 
 God upon these barbarous wretches, who have imbrued 
 their hands in so much innocent blood. 
 
 ' Carlyle, Letters and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, 1 : 196. 
 
104 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER. 
 
 And he concludes this letter: "And now give me leave 
 to say how it comes to pass that this work is wrought. It 
 was set upon some of our hearts, That a great thing should 
 be done, not by power or might, but by the spirit of God. 
 And is it not so clearly? That which caused your men 
 to storm so courageously, it was the Spirit of God, who 
 gave your men courage and took it away again; and gave 
 the Enemy courage, and took it away again; and gave your 
 men courage again, and therewith this happy success. And 
 therefore it is good that God alone have all the glory. ' '^ 
 
 Such was the spirit and temper of the Puritanism of the 
 seventeenth century, in New England and Old England, 
 in the study of the scholar, in the pulpit of the preacher, on 
 the battlefield, where Oliver and his Psalm singers, rising 
 from their knees in prayer, slew their enemy without pity. 
 The intolerance, the violence, the savageness of The Simple 
 Cobler is made intelligible, in a degree, by such an agreement 
 of men of godly mind in such speech and action. 
 
 ' Carlyle, Letters and Speeches of 01i^ er CromwelJ, 1 : 462, 463, i 
 
PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 XIV. 
 
 THE SIMPLE COBLER 
 
 OF 
 
 AGGAWAM 
 
 BY 
 
 REV. NATHANIEL WARD 
 
 A REPRINT OF THE 4TH EDITION, PUBLISHED IN 1647,W1TH FAC-SIMILES 
 
 OF TITLE PAGE, PREFACE, AND HEAD-LINES, AND 
 
 THE EXACT TEXT 
 
 AND AN ESSAY 
 
 NATHANIEL WARD AND THE SIMPLE COBLER 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS Franklin Waters 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 
 PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 
 
 December 5, 1904. 
 
 Salem VceBs: 
 
 The Salsu Pkbss Co., Salem, Mass. 
 
 1905 
 

 
ANNUAL MEETING. 
 
 The Annual Meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 was held December 5, 1904, at the House of the Society. 
 The following officers were elected. 
 
 President. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton. 
 Directors. — Charles A. Sajovard, 
 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 
 John W. Nourse. 
 Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 
 
 Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Librarian. — John J, Sullivan. 
 
 Social Committee. 
 
 Mrs. John J. Sullivan, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 
 Mrs. Edward F. Brown, Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 
 
 Miss Susan C. Whipple, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 
 
 It was voted that the Social Committee be authorized to 
 fill vacancies in its membership. 
 
 (107) 
 
PRESIDENT'S REPORT, DECEMBER 5, 1904. 
 
 Our Society was organized on April 14, 1890, and as its 
 fifteenth year is well advanced, a summary of the year may 
 have especial interest. The Reports already read indicate 
 a healthy and vigorous life. The Register of our House 
 bears the names of 854 visitors, recorded during the year 
 ending December 1st, 1904. It may occasion surprise that 
 this is the smallest registration smce the Society entered its 
 present home, the lowest number recorded previously being 
 1008 in 1901. This decrease is not to be taken seriously, 
 however. It is simply the result in part of that inevitable 
 fluctuation in the tide of summer visitors, which is always 
 to be reckoned on, and in part, as well, of certain easily 
 discovered causes. 
 
 The total number of our Ipswich citizens registered is 41, 
 while the number registered last year was 173. This dis- 
 crepancy is due largely to the fact that m 1903, and for 
 several years before, the Woman's Club gave a social, which 
 was largely attended by its local members, whose names 
 were duly recorded. This custom was not observed in 1904. 
 A Midsummer Tea and other social functions found place 
 in 1903, which were not attempted this year. There is 
 evident, moreover, an increased disregard of the slight 
 trouble of recording their names on the part of members 
 who come to the House with friends. Naturally, too, the 
 House has ceased to be a novelty, and the fee of twenty- 
 five cents may debar our townsfolk, who are not members, 
 from frequent visits. We trust, however, there may be no 
 diminution in the number of Ipswich visitors. We hope 
 that members will exercise to the uttermost their privilege 
 of bringing friends to the House, and that none will be sen- 
 sitive in the matter of repeated visits. 
 
 As no registration ig made on social occasions, which our 
 citizens generally attend, many who are not members have 
 an opportunity to see the House and taste its good cheer. 
 We may well consider the desirability of increasing the 
 number and variety of these special gatherings, which 
 
 (io8) 
 
president's report. 109 
 
 appeal to many who are not interested especially in his- 
 torical pursuits. Our Society is doing good service to the 
 community when a supper is served, and the ancient rooms 
 are filled by young and old from the representative families 
 of our old town. The Woman's Club affords a common 
 rallying ground for the women of the town. It remains 
 for the Historical Society to do like service for the men 
 and the families of the whole community. In this way, 
 interest m the House and the Society will naturally be 
 increased, a new pride m the rare and beautiful old building 
 will be kindled and gradually our townsfolk will come to 
 feel that the Historical Society is a Town institution, where- 
 in there are no lines of distinction, nor grades of privilege, 
 and that its membership should include one representative 
 at least of every Ipswich family. Our ideal of the Ipswich 
 Historical Society will not be attained until this broad and 
 comprehensive membership shall be reached, and our 
 House shall be thronged with goodly numbers of Ipswich 
 people, who will come, with their children and friends, to 
 these ancient hearthstones, agam and again. 
 
 It is gratifying in this connection to note that while the 
 number of visitors from other states fell from 402 m 1903 
 to 306 in 1904, the number of residents of our own Common- 
 wealth, outside of our town, mcreased from 403 to 502. 
 
 The courtesies of the House have been extended to the 
 Convention of the Epworth League, April 19th; the Meth- 
 uen Historical Society on July 13th; the Daughters of Re- 
 becca on July 27th; the Art Class on August 8th; and the 
 Hovey Family on August 24th. The Class in Architecture 
 in the Institute of Technology with their instructor, Mr. 
 Ross Turner, the emment water-color artist, spent a whole 
 day in the study of the House on October 15th. 
 
 The financial condition of the Society is very satisfactory. 
 The receipts from the House, though less than last year for 
 reasons already noted, have been sufficient to pay all the 
 running expense, the msurance on the property, and a small 
 balance toward the interest account. By the purchase 
 of the remamder of the lot m which the House stands, the 
 mortgage indebtedness was raised to $3500, and the interest 
 on the mortgage amounted to $111.08, in 1903. Through 
 the payment of the legacy bequeathed by Mrs. Elizabeth 
 M. Brown and the use of a small surplus, the mortgage has 
 been reduced this year to $2800, but the interest has made 
 
110 president's report. 
 
 large demands. One hundred and thirty-five dollars were 
 required to meet this account. Fortunately another con- 
 siderable reduction of the debt can be made on January 1st, 
 and a corresponding reduction in the expense for interest 
 in the coming year. The assured income from the con- 
 stantly enlarging membership and the steady current of 
 visitors will soon reduce our indebtedness to a compara- 
 tively small sum. 
 
 The hearty thanks of the Society are due Mr. and Mrs. 
 Washington P. Pickard for their efficient and enthusiastic 
 services as Curators. They have had a fine regard for the 
 interests of the Society in admitting visitors at almost any 
 hour, and have shown a commendable desire to make their 
 visits interesting. The high reputation of the House as a 
 clean and mviting dwelling has been well sustained. Mr. 
 Pickard has had full charge of the grounds, and has kept 
 them in excellent fashion. The modest charge he has made 
 for these extra services has been well earned. 
 
 Our Publications have attained now to Number XIII. 
 The title of the last issue was " Fme Thread, Lace and Hosiery 
 in Ipswich by Jesse Fewkes, and Ipswich Mills and Facto- 
 ries by T. Frank Waters. ' ' It has been well received and a 
 considerable number has been sold. Frequent requests for 
 these pamphlets come from large libraries, notably from 
 the Free Public Library of Birmingham, England, and 
 from individuals who are interested in the Town of their 
 forbears. Number X, ' ' The Hotel Cluny of a New England 
 Village," has been an exceptionally popular issue, and 
 many copies are sold every year. 
 
 By the loan of our half-tone plate of the monument which 
 stands before the Meeting House of the South Church, the 
 Society has contributed aid to the publication by Miss 
 Elizabeth Porter Gould, of Boston, of her admirable book 
 ' ' Ezekiel Cheever, Schoolmaster. ' ' Mr. Cheever gained 
 high renown by his ten years' work as Master of the 
 Ipswich Grammar School. 
 
 We may hope that a new era in the history of our Society 
 has be^n marked by the election of two of our citizens to 
 life membership, upon payment of fifty dohars each, and 
 the payment of the first legacy the Society has received 
 from the estate of a deceased member. 
 
 This new form of membership, hitherto held only by a 
 lady of an old Ipswich family, by which all the privileges 
 
president's report. Ill 
 
 and benefits of active membership are secured perpetuall}'^ 
 without further assessment, may thus be brought to the 
 favorable notice of other friends of the Society. Such 
 gifts are opportune and valuable. They increase our finan- 
 cial strength, rouse fresh confidence and encourage us to 
 look forward to such a regular increase of resources that a 
 larger work may be possible and wise. 
 
 The payment of the legacy may suggest to philanthropic 
 friends of our Town, and of the Historical Society, a wise 
 testamentary gift. Already generous provision has been 
 made for our Public Library and for the Manning School. 
 The Historical Society comes now to public notice as an in- 
 stitution, already beyond the stage when its permanence 
 and usefulness may seriously be questioned. It is already 
 in its fifteenth year, with a large and growing member- 
 ship, a unique and valuable property, a sound financial 
 condition, and a record of service to the community of 
 which none need be ashamed. It is in a condition to re- 
 ceive and use a large endowment. 
 
 A Memorial building, of which frequent mention has 
 already been made, would be a worthy monument to the 
 men and women whose names are honored and loved, and 
 would afford the opportunity for an enlargement of our 
 collections and for a broadening of our scope of usefulness. 
 Such a building would be a grand supplement to our ancient 
 House. Upon its walls, without and within, might be 
 carved the names of the wise and good of many genera- 
 tions. It would provide room for a large and well ar- 
 ranged historic museum, for the library, which is yet in 
 embryo, of a special, historic character, and for a hall of 
 moderate size, which would be of great value to the Town 
 as well as to the Society. Through such a building, the 
 noble history of our Town would make inspiring appeal to 
 the present generation, and other generations that are to be. 
 The erection of such a buildmg and its endowment would 
 require less than the cost of a single beautiful residence of 
 the kind which are now being reared in our midst. May 
 not some generous lover of a noble ancestor, by a munifi- 
 cent gift, or a group of large-minded and far-sighted men 
 and women by their bequests make this vision a thing of 
 brick and stone, for beauty and for use, for education and 
 inspiration? 
 
REPORT OF THE CURATOR 
 for the year ending December 1, 1904. 
 
 Total number of visitors registered, ----- §54 
 
 Ipswich residents, ----------- 41 
 
 From other towns and cities in Massachusetts, - 502 
 
 From outside the State, --------- 311 
 
 Total registration, ------- 1899 1,134 
 
 " --_.--.-- 1900 1,513 
 
 " " --_-.._-- 1901 1,008 
 
 " " - . - - 1902 1,052 
 
 " - - 1903 1,097 
 
 (112) 
 
REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE 
 ENDING DECEMBER 1, 1904. 
 
 T. Frank Waters in account with Ipsivich Historical 
 
 Dr. 
 
 Membership Fees, _._--- 
 
 Legacy, Mrs. Elizabeth j\I. BroAvii, - _ - 
 Receipts from the House, 
 
 Door Fees, ------- 
 
 Sale of publications, . - - - - 
 
 " " pictures, . _ - - - 
 
 " " stationery, . - - - - 
 
 Entertainment of Methuen Historical Society, 
 
 Supper, Nov. 30, 1904, . - - - 
 
 Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1903, 
 
 Cr. 
 
 Paid on Mortgage, - - - - 
 " for Interest, - - - - 
 
 " " Printing, _ . - - 
 
 " " Insurance, - - _ _ 
 " " Stationery and postage, - 
 " " Incidentals, - - - - 
 " " House account, running expenses, 
 
 Fuel, ------ 
 
 Furniture, - - - - 
 
 Repairs and care, 
 
 Water, _ - - - 
 
 Pliotographs, two years, 
 
 $130.38 
 26.50 
 24.85 
 1.46 
 26.50 
 32.40 
 
 242.09 
 
 Cash in treasury, ------ 
 
 The mortgage upon the property is now $2800. 
 
 50.66 
 51.09 
 59.33 
 14.64 
 25.74 
 
 201.46 
 
 (113) 
 
 YEAR 
 
 Society. 
 
 $345.50 
 500.00 
 
 242.09 
 
 1087.59 
 357.52 
 
 $1445.11 
 
 $700.00 
 
 135.00 
 
 127.62 
 
 24.00 
 
 16.09 
 
 45.16 
 
 201.46 
 195.78 
 
 $1445.11 
 
DONATIONS TO THE IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
 SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 
 DECEMBER 1, 1904. 
 
 American Antiquarian Society. Annual Report. Ser- 
 mon on the Utility of a Permanent Ministry by David 
 T. Kimball. Ipswich, 1839. 
 
 Benj. H. Conant. Wenham Town Report. 
 
 Miss Roxana C. Cow^les. Circular Leather Valise, owned 
 and carried by her father, Prof. John P. Cowles, on his 
 horseback journeys in Ohio, and his Leather Sermon 
 Case. Two reels, one with clock attachment. Spin- 
 ning wheel. Celestial globe, 1818, and terrestrial globe, 
 owned and used by Miss Zilpah P. Grant, purchased 
 by Prof. Cowles. Pencil Drawings of County House 
 and Kimball Manse. Two guns, one with flint lock. 
 Cartridge-box. Tin kitchen. Toaster. Gridiron. 
 
 Dummer Academy. Catalogue. 
 
 Essex Institute, Salem. Publications. 
 
 Mrs. Jonathan E. Goodhue, Newark, N. Y. The Good- 
 hue Family. 
 
 James Griffin. Wasps ' nest. 
 
 D. R. Jack, St. John, N. B. Publications of the New 
 Brunswick Historical Society. No. 5. Acadiensis. iv, 
 2, 3, 4. 
 
 Medford Historical Society. Publications. 
 
 Miss Esther Parmenter. Epaulet, worn by an ances- 
 tor in the war of 1812. Three chairs and a footstool 
 made by her step-father's grandfather. 
 
 B. F. Southwick, Peabody. Set of Province Laws. 
 
 Julia Noyes Stickney, West Newbury. Poem on Lake 
 Winnipisaukee. 
 
 Towle Manufacturing Co. Outline of Life and Works 
 of Col. Paul Revere. 
 
 Francis H. Wade. Morse's Universal Geography. 
 
 (114) 
 
Membership in the Ipswich Historical Society involves 
 the payment of an annual due of $2, or a single payment of 
 $50, which secures Life Membership. Members are entitled 
 to a copy of the regular publications of the Society, in pam- 
 phlet form, without expense, free admission to the House 
 with friends, and the privilege of voting in the business 
 meetings. 
 
 There are no restrictions as to place of residence. Any 
 person, who is interested in the Society and desires to pro- 
 mote its welfare, is eligible to membership. We desire to 
 enlarge the non-resident membership list until it shall include 
 as many as possible of those, who trace their descent to our 
 Town. 
 
 Names may be sent at any time to the President, but the 
 election of members usually occurs only at the annual meet- 
 ing in December. 
 
 (115) 
 
ANNUAL MEETING. 
 
 The Annnal meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 was held on Monday, December 4, 1905, at Whipple Hou&e. 
 The following officers were elected. 
 
 President. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton. 
 Directors. — Charles A. Say ward, 
 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 
 John W. Nourse. 
 Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 
 
 Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 
 
 Social Committee, 
 
 Mrs, John J. Sullivan, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Chas. A. Sayward, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 
 Mrs. Edward F. Browii, Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 
 
 Miss Susan C. Whipple, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 
 
 The Committee was authorized to fill any vacancies that 
 may occur in its membership, and enlarge it, if occasion 
 requires. 
 
 (116) 
 
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT FOR THE YEAR 
 ENDING DEC. 1, 1905. 
 
 Our survey of the past year reveals stable and gratifying 
 prosperity, as the good fortune of our Society. The list of 
 members shows a steady gain, and every year more of our 
 townsfolk, of the summer residents, and of non-residents, 
 who have an ancestral connection with our town, are en- 
 rolled. Thus our Society serves as a bond of union between 
 the friends of Ipswich, wherever they are found. 
 
 The Report of the Curator shows that the registered 
 number of visitors at Whipple House has again passed the 
 thousand mark. As was remarked in the last Annual 
 Report a surprisingly small number of our townspeople, 
 though they are members of the Society, seem willing to 
 record their names. Only seventy-three were registered 
 last year, but our Curator reports that many more have 
 called. Though it is a matter of regret, that we may not 
 know how many of our citizens show their interest in the 
 House by coming with their friends, it is gratifying that 
 so large a number of visitors, who inspected these rooms 
 during the year were from other towns and cities of the 
 Commonwealth and nearly four hundred from other States. 
 Thus the good name of the Society and its House is spread 
 abroad, and it frequently happens, in my own experience 
 and no doubt in yours, that in the most unexpected places 
 chance acquaintances are met, who dilate with enthusiasm 
 upon their visit to this ancient dwelling. As in other years, 
 societies of various kinds seeking the most inviting locality 
 possible for a summer holiday have bethought themselves 
 of Ipswich. The Boston Tea Party Chapter and the Old 
 Newbury Chapter of the D. A. R. raUied here on June 9, 
 and the State Chapter on June 28. The Hovey Family held 
 its annual reunion, and the Ai't Class of Mr. Dow gathered 
 en masse for an evening lecture, by the President by can- 
 dleUght in the quaint old rooms. A goodly number of the 
 members of the Gloucester Scientific and Historical So- 
 ciety came on a bright August day, and in September some 
 
 (117) 
 
118 president's report. 
 
 good women of Marblehead, of Unity Rebekah Lodge, 
 and the Holmes Outing Club of Haverhill drifted hither. 
 
 The newly organized society for lace-working met during 
 the early summer months in the airy bed-chamber, and an 
 elaborate and beautiful display of laces was made in the 
 exhibition and sale arranged by them in these rooms. 
 
 Financially we stand well with the world. The single 
 item of membership fees netted $480, and the receipts from 
 the House from door fees, sales of publications and the 
 entertainment of visiting societies amounted to $205.75. 
 Early last spring the Ipswich Mills Corporation bought the 
 Peatfield estate adjoining our property and established a 
 lumber yard. The Superintendent very courteously au- 
 thorized me to proceed with any scheme of shrubbery or 
 ornamental gardening that might seem advisable to take 
 off the rawness of the lumber piles. A spruce hedge 
 seemed the best screen, and the trees were purchased and 
 set out. When they were delivered, their appearance was 
 not prepossessing and though carefully planted, all but six 
 died. 
 
 This account has not been settled, and the sum paid by 
 the Mills remains in the treasury, exc( pt that which was 
 paid for the tree setting. 
 
 The expenditures included a payment of $300 on the 
 mortgage, reducing it to $2500, and $106.33 for interest. 
 The receipts from the House furnished a surplus of nearly 
 $40, after all expenses incident to the House and grounds 
 were met. A balance of $290.60 remains in the treasury. 
 
 It will be noticed that no expense for printing has been 
 incurred this year. The demands upon my time by the 
 book, Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which 
 was issued in September, were so great in the early months 
 of the year, that no attention could be given to the usual 
 publication. At a later time, the manuscript was pre- 
 pared and sent to the printer, with the expectation of 
 distributing it in November. Unavoidable delays arose, 
 however, and now it seems best to issue the pamphlet at 
 once, with the proceedings of this meeting appended. 
 
 It may be a fortunate way of meeting the expense of a 
 rather costly publication by dividing it thus between two 
 years. This work which is nearly complete is a reprint of 
 "The Simple Cobler of Aggawam" by our famous min- 
 ister, Nathaniel Ward. The late D. F. Appleton Esq. 
 
president's report. 119 
 
 gave the Society a copy of the 4"' edition, printed in 
 London in 1647. Facsimiles have been made of the title- 
 page, preface, head-lines and ornamental initials, the an- 
 tique form of the letter s has been used, the exact spelling, 
 punctuation and page division has been followed, and a 
 very near approach has been made to a reproduction. An 
 Essay on Nathaniel Ward and The Simple Cobler has been 
 appended. A portion of the edition will be issued in the 
 usual form but a considerable number of copies will be 
 bound in book form, in the hope that book-lovers may es- 
 teem it a volume worth purchasing. 
 
 Though the recently issued, Ipswich in the Massachu- 
 setts Bay Colony bears the imprint of the Ipswich Histor- 
 ical Society, the Society has been involved in no expense 
 in its publication, and has gained prestige as a publisher of 
 historical works. 
 
 The principal addition to our furnishings is an ancient 
 desk, which was put in perfect condition, and presented by 
 Mr. Francis R. Appleton. The Secretary of the Common- 
 wealth, with the co-operation of Mr. Tillinghast, the State 
 Librarian, has very kindly presented the Society a full set 
 of the Vital Statistics so far as published, and ihe new issues 
 are sent as they appear. The very valuable Record of the 
 Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolution, which is given by 
 the State, is approaching completion. 
 
 Very recently, the Librarian of the State Library of Con- 
 necticut, Mr. George S. Godard, made a request for a file of 
 our publications, and in return, has sent nineteen volumes 
 of the State Manual, from 1887 to 1905, with the very 
 kindly remark that "Ipswich has a tender place in the 
 hearts of Connecticut people," because of its gift of John 
 Winthrop Jr. 
 
 The thanks of the Society are due Mr. and Mrs. Pickard 
 for their regard for the interests of the Society and the 
 good name of the House. Visitors always find a cordial 
 welcome. House and grounds are always well kept and 
 inviting. 
 
REPORT OF THE CURATOR 
 
 During the year, December 1, 1904 to December 1, 1905, 
 1041 names of visitors have been registered. 
 
 73 were residents of Ipswich. 
 
 594 were residents of other towns and cities in Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 376 were residents of other States. 
 
 June 9, The Boston Tea Party Chapter, and The Old 
 Newbury Chapter, D. A. R. visited the house. 
 
 June 28, The State Chapter of D. A. R. 
 
 August 1, The Hovey Family held its reunion at the house. 
 
 August 2, The Gloucester Historical Society. 
 
 August 7, The Art Class of Prof. A. W. Dow. 
 
 Sept. 13, Unity Rebekah Lodge, I. 0. .F. of Marblehead. 
 
 Sept. 18, The Holmes Outing Club of Haverhill. 
 
 Washington P. Pickard, 
 
 Curator. 
 
 (120) 
 
REPORT OF THE TREASURER OF THE IPSWICH 
 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY, FOR THE YEAR 
 
 ENDING DECEMBER 1, 1905. 
 
 T. F. Waters in account with the Ipswich Historical Society. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To Membership fees, $480.00 
 
 " Contribution from Ipswich Mills, for shrubbery, . . 31.50 
 " Receipts from Whipple House, 
 
 Door Fees, $134.20 
 
 Sale of Publications, .... 31.85 
 
 " " Pictures, 16.50 
 
 " " Stationery, 1.20 
 
 Entertainment of the Boston Tea Party 
 
 Chapter, D. A. R., . . . . 12.00 
 Entertainment of the Gloucester Historical 
 
 Society, 10.00 205.75 
 
 
 205.75 
 
 717.25 
 
 Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1904, 
 
 
 208.59 
 
 
 $925.84 
 
 Or. 
 
 
 
 Paid on Mortgage, 
 
 
 $300.00 
 
 " for Interest, ...... 
 
 
 106.33 
 
 " " Stationery and expressage. 
 
 
 13.35 
 
 " " Books, ...... 
 
 
 7.00 
 
 " " Incidentals, ..... 
 
 
 41.31 
 
 " " House account. 
 
 
 
 Fuel, 
 
 26.82 
 
 
 Table ware 
 
 16.00 
 
 
 Water biUs, 
 
 14.55 
 
 
 Furniture, 
 
 9.30 
 
 
 Hardware, ..... 
 
 7.77 
 
 
 Supper notices, etc.. 
 
 5.50 
 
 
 Pictures, 
 
 17.45 
 
 
 Setting shrubbery, .... 
 
 9.00 
 
 
 Repairs and care of house and grounds, 
 
 60.86 
 
 167.25 
 
 
 167.25 
 
 635.24 
 
 Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1905, 
 
 
 290.60 
 
 $925.84 
 
 The mortgage is now $2500. 
 
 (121) 
 
MEMBERS. 
 
 LIFE MEMBERS. 
 
 Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 
 James H. Proctor 
 Charles G. Rice 
 
 Colorado Springs, Col. 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Dr. Charles E. Ames, 
 
 Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton, 
 
 Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 
 
 James W. Appleton, 
 
 Randolph M. Appleton, 
 
 Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 
 
 Dr. G. Guy Bailej', 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 
 
 Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 
 
 John H. Baker, 
 
 Miss Katharine C. Baker, 
 
 Charles W. Bam lord, 
 
 George E. Barnard, 
 
 Miss Mary D. Bates, 
 
 John A. Blake, 
 
 James W. Bond, 
 
 Warren Boynton, 
 
 Albert S. Brown, 
 
 Albert S. Brown, Jr., 
 
 Miss Annie Gertrude Brown, 
 
 Charles W. Brown, 
 
 Edward F. Brown, 
 
 Mrs. Carrie R. Brown, 
 
 Henry Brown, 
 
 Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 
 
 Robert Brown, 
 
 Ralph W. Burnham, 
 
 Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 
 
 Fred F. Byron, 
 
 Miss Joanna Caldwell, 
 
 Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 
 
 Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 
 
 Charles A. Campbell, 
 
 Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 
 
 Edward W. Choate, 
 
 Philip E. Clarke, 
 
 Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 
 
 Miss Lucy C. Coburn, 
 
 Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 
 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 
 (122) 
 
 Theodore F. Cogswell, 
 Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
 Braiuerd J. Conley, 
 Rev. Edward Constant, 
 Miss Roxana C. Cowles, 
 Rev. Temple Cutler, 
 Arthur C. Damon, 
 Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
 Everett G. Damon, 
 Harry K. Damon, 
 Mrs. Abby Danforth, 
 Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
 Mrs. Howard Dawson, 
 George G. Dexter, 
 Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 Harry K. Dodge, 
 Rev. John M. Donovan, 
 Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
 Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
 Miss Emeline C. Farley, 
 Mrs. Emma Farley, 
 Miss Lucy R. Farley, 
 Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
 Benjamin Fewkes, 
 James E. Gallagher, 
 John S. Glover, 
 Charles E. Goodhue, 
 Frank T. Goodhue, 
 John W. Goodhue, 
 William Goodhue, 
 John J. Gould, 
 David A. Grady, 
 James GraflXim, 
 Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
 Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
 George Harris, 
 Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
 George H. W. Hayes, 
 Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
 Miss Alice Heard, 
 
NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 123 
 
 Johu Heard, 
 Miss Mary A. Hodgclou, 
 Mrs. Louise S. Hodgkius, 
 Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
 Charles G. Hull, 
 Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 
 Miss Amy M. Johnson, 
 Miss Ida B. Johnson, 
 John A. Johnson, 
 Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 
 Albert Joyce, 
 Charles M. Kelly, 
 Mrs. Caroline Kenyou, 
 Fred A. Kimball, 
 Robert S. Kimball, 
 Mrs. Isabelle G. Kimball, 
 Miss Bethiah D. Kinsman, 
 Miss Mary E. Kinsman, 
 Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 
 Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 
 
 Mrs. Georgie C. Kyes, 
 
 Curtis E. Lakemaii, 
 
 J. Howard Lakeman, 
 
 Mrs. G F. Langdon, 
 
 Austin L. Lord, 
 
 George A. Lord, 
 
 Dr. Sidney A. Lord, 
 
 Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Thomas H. Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Lucretia S. Lord, 
 
 Walter E. Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Mary B. Main, 
 
 James F. Mann, 
 
 Joseph Marshall, 
 
 Everard H. Martin, 
 
 Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 
 
 Miss Abby L. Newman, 
 
 Mrs. Amanda K. Nichols, 
 
 William J. Norwood, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 
 
 John W. Nourse, 
 
 Charles H. Noyes, 
 
 Mrs. Harriet E. Noyes, 
 
 Rev. Reginald Pearce, 
 I. E. B. Perkins, 
 Miss Carrie S. Perley, 
 
 Augustine H. Plouff, 
 
 Mrs. Frances Richardson, 
 
 James S. Robinson, Jr., 
 
 Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 
 
 Miss Anna W. Ross, 
 
 Frederick G. Ross, 
 
 Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 
 
 Joseph F. Ross, 
 
 Mrs. Helene Ross, 
 
 Dr. William H. Russell, 
 
 William S. Russell, 
 
 William W. Russell, 
 
 Daniel Saflford, 
 
 Angus Savory, 
 
 Charles A. Say ward, 
 
 Mrs. Henrietta W. Say ward, 
 
 George A. Schofleld, 
 
 Amos E. Scotton, 
 Nathaniel Shatswell, 
 Mrs. Harriet G. Shaw, 
 Dexter M. Smith, 
 Mrs. Olive P. Smith, 
 Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spaulding, 
 George W. Starkey, 
 Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 
 Miss Lucy Belle Story, 
 Edward M. Sullivan, 
 John J. Sullivan, 
 Mrs. Elizabeth ^i. Sullivan, 
 Arthur L. Sweetser, 
 Samuel H. Thurston, 
 George W. Tozer, 
 Miss Ellen R. Trask, 
 Jesse H. Wade, 
 Miss Nellie F. Wade, 
 Miss Emma E. Wait, 
 Luther Wait, 
 Rev. T. Frank Waters, 
 Mrs. Adeline M. Waters, 
 Miss Susan C Whipple, 
 Frederick G. Whittier, 
 Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 
 Miss Eva Adams Willcomb, 
 Chester P. AVoodbury. 
 
 NON-RESIDENT ME^^BEBS. 
 
 Frederick J. Alley . 
 Mrs. Mary G. Alley 
 William F. J. Boardman 
 Albert D. Bosson* . 
 Mrs. Alice C. Bosson* 
 Mrs. Mary P. Bosworth 
 John B. Brown* 
 Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Chelsea, Mass. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 . Chicago, III. 
 
 ■Summer home In Ipswich. 
 
124 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Frank T. Burnham . 
 Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
 Eben Caldwell 
 Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
 Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
 Miss Mir a E. Caldwell 
 Rufus Choate 
 Alexander B. Clark 
 Mrs. Edward Cordis 
 Dr. Richard H. Derby 
 Joseph D. Dodge 
 Mrs. Edith S. Dole . 
 Arthur W. Dow* 
 Joseph K. Farley 
 Sylvanus C. Farley . 
 Edward B. George . 
 Dr. J. L. Goodale* . 
 Dr. E. S. Goodhue . 
 Samuel V. Goodhue 
 Dr. F. B. Harrington* 
 Rev. Horace C. Hovey 
 Miss Ruth A. Hovey 
 Gerald L. Hoyt* 
 Mrs. May Hoyt* 
 Miss Julia Hoyt* 
 Lydig Hoyt* 
 Albert P. Jordan 
 Arthur S. Kimball 
 Rev. John C. Kimball 
 Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
 Mrs. Mary A. Lord* 
 Mrs. Frances E. Markoe 
 Mrs. Anna Osgood* 
 Rev. Robert B. Parker* 
 Moritz B. Philipp* 
 Bowen W. Pierson 
 Frederick H. Plouff 
 Mrs. Jessie W. P. Purdy 
 A. Davidson Remick 
 James E. Richardson 
 Dr. Mark W. Richardson* 
 Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
 John B. Shearer 
 Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
 Edward A. Smith 
 Miss Elizabeth P. Smith 
 Henry P. Smith 
 Mrs. Caroline P. Smith 
 Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
 Dr. E. W. Taylor* . 
 Rev. William G. Thayer* 
 Andrew S. Thomson, 
 Dr. Harvey P. Towle* 
 Dr. Chas. W. Townsend* 
 Miss Ann H. Treadwell . 
 Bayard Tuckerman* 
 Mrs. Ruth A. Tuckerman* 
 Charles H. Tweed . 
 
 So. Framingham, Mass. 
 
 Eliot, Me. 
 
 Elizabeth, N. J. 
 
 . Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 
 " " 
 
 Essex, Mass. 
 Peabody, Mass. 
 Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 Newbury, Mass. 
 . Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Lihue, Kauai, Hawaiian Islands. 
 Alton, 111. 
 Rowley, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Wailuku, Maui, Hawaiian Islands. 
 Salem, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Newburyport, Mass. 
 Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 
 New York. N. Y. 
 
 Fresno, Cal. 
 
 Oberlin, Ohio. 
 
 Greenfield, Mass. 
 
 NewYork, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Orange, N. J. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 Reading, Penn. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 Byflelil, Mass. 
 
 New York,N. Y. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Brookline, Mass. 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 . Southboro, Mass. 
 
 Wenham, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 
 Summer home In Ipswich. 
 
HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 125 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Miss Laura B. Underbill* New York, N. Y. 
 
 Mrs. Margaret Wade Newton, Mass. 
 
 Wallace P. Willett* East Orange, N. J. 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Willett* " .," ,, " 
 
 Frederic Winthrop Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Robert D. Winthrop New York, N. Y. 
 
 Chalmers Wood* 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 John Albree, Jr. 
 Miss Caroline Farley 
 Frank C. Farley 
 Mrs. Katherine S. Farley 
 Mrs. Eunice W. Felton 
 Jesse Fewkes . 
 Reginald Foster 
 Augustus P. Gardner 
 Charles L. Goodhue 
 Miss Alice A. Gray 
 Miss Emily R. Gray 
 Arthur W. Hale 
 Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
 Otis Kimball 
 Mrs. Otis Kimball . 
 Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
 Frederick J. Kingsbury 
 Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
 Miss Katherine P. Loring 
 Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
 Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
 Josiah H. Mann 
 Miss Adeline E. Manning 
 Henry S. Manning 
 Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
 George von L. Meyer 
 Miss Esther Parmenter 
 Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
 Richard M. Salton stall 
 Denison R. Slade 
 Joseph Spiller 
 Miss Ellen A. Stone 
 Harry W. Tyler 
 Albert Wade 
 Edward P. Wade 
 W. F. Warner 
 George Willcomb 
 
 Swampscott, Mass- 
 Cambridge, Mass- 
 So. Manchester, Conn- 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 Newton, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Springfield, Mass. 
 
 Sauquoit, N.Y. 
 
 Winchester, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Waterbury, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Brookline, Mass. 
 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 St. Petersburg, Russia. 
 
 Chicopee, Mass. 
 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Center Harbor, N. H. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 East Lexington, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Alton, 111. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 •Summer home In Ipewich. 
 
1 
 
 V 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY 
 
 1633-1700 
 By Thomas Franklin Waters 
 
 President of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 ONE VOLUME IN TWO PARTS 
 
 T 
 
 II 
 
 III 
 
 IV 
 
 V 
 
 VI 
 
 VII 
 
 VIII 
 
 IX 
 
 X 
 
 XI 
 
 XII 
 
 XIII 
 
 XIV 
 
 XV 
 
 XVI 
 
 XVII 
 
 PART ONE 
 
 Primeval Agawam, a study of the Indian life 
 
 Tlie Coming of the English 
 
 Homes and Dress ....... 
 
 Some notable Settlers. John Winthrop, Jr., Thomas 
 Dudley, Richard Saltonstall, Simon and Ann Brad- 
 street, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, John Norton 
 
 The Development of our Town Government 
 
 Common Lands and Commonage 
 
 Trades and Employments 
 
 The Body Politic .... 
 
 The Sabbath and the Meeting House . 
 
 The Early Military Annals 
 
 The Charter in Peril. Samuel Symonds, Daniel Deni- 
 son, John Appleton . . . . . . 
 
 The Grammar School and Harvard College. Ezekiel 
 Cheever and his successors, and many famous pupils 
 of the Grammar School ...... 
 
 King Philip's War: contains Major Samuel Appleton 's 
 military letters and a complete list of the soldiers in 
 that war ......... 
 
 Ipswich and the Andros Government. A careful study 
 of the attitude of Ipswich men in this critical period, 
 with many documents, warrants for arrest, deposi- 
 tions, records, etc. Rev. John Wise, Major Samuel 
 Appleton, John Appleton, Jr., Thomas French, Wil- 
 liam Goodhue, John Andrews, Robert Kinsman . 
 
 Laws and Courts ....... 
 
 Witchcraft 
 
 War of William and Mary and other Indian troubles, 
 with a list of soldiers so far as known .... 
 
 (127) 
 
 pp. 1-6 
 
 7-20 
 
 21-44 
 
 45-55 
 
 56-67 
 
 68-74 
 
 75-86 
 
 87-106 
 
 107-118 
 
 119-127 
 
 128-145 
 
 146-158 
 
 159-224 
 
 225-273 
 274-286 
 287-300 
 
 301-313 
 
128 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 
 
 The material for this work has been derived, by original 
 research, chiefly from the Town Records, the Records of the 
 old Ipswich Quarter Sessions Court and other Court Records, 
 the Massachusetts Bay Records, the Massachusetts Archives, 
 and contemporaneous published works, so far as possible. 
 It is illustrated with facsimiles of ancient documents and 
 photographs. 
 
 PART TWO 
 
 is a study of the original land grants for house lots on all the 
 ancient streets and lanes, and the successive owners to the 
 present generation, with diagrams, maps, and photographs of 
 many ancient dwellings. 
 
 The dates of the erection of houses are noted in many 
 instances, and all transfers are accompanied with citations of 
 the Book and Leaf of the ancient Ipswich Deeds (5 volumes), 
 and the Records of the Essex County Registry of Deeds and 
 Registry of Probate. Some eighteen hundred citations are 
 made from the original sources, and these constitute the sole 
 authority for this record of locations, ownerships, and the 
 probable age and identity of dwellings. 
 
 Besides this, there are seven appendices to the volume, 
 giving important historical material under the following heads : 
 A summary of the names of the first settlers from 1633 to 
 1649; Some Early Inventories; The Letters of Rev. Nathan- 
 iel Ward; The Letters of Giles Firmin; The Letters of Sam- 
 uel Symonds; The Valedictory and Monitory Writing left by 
 Sarah Goodhue; The Diary of Rev. John Wise, Chaplain 
 in the Expedition to Quebec. There is also a copious Index. 
 
 The book will be of particular interest and importance to 
 those who are of Ipswich ancestry, but all who dwell in Ips- 
 wich, or make their summer homes there, will find it a read- 
 able and attractive record of many events, places, and 
 persons. 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 129 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM REVIEWS AND LETTERS. 
 
 {By Bayard Tuckerman, Lecturer in English at Princeton University). 
 
 Ipswich is one of the oldest and in some respects one of the most inter- 
 esting and typical of the English settlements in America. The difficulties 
 to be encountered by the early colonists in subduing the wilderness, in 
 wringing a livelihood from an unfruitful soil, in building up a civilization 
 in which comfort and education were sought together, were nowhere greater 
 and nowhere surmounted with more courageous energy. The institution 
 of town government and the intelligent practice of the principles of political 
 liberty are well exemplified in the history of Ipswich, while the bold resist- 
 ance of her citizens to the tyranny of the English government in the time 
 of Governor Andros has given her a claim to the title of the "Cradle of 
 American Liberty" Mr. Waters has told this story with historical insight 
 and literary skill, and has given us besides a mass of information regarding 
 local customs, transfers of land and resident families, which make his work 
 of personal interest to everyone whose ancestors have lived in the township. 
 As we turn the leaves of this scholarly work, the chapter headings 
 indicate a variety of interesting subjects. Political history is studied 
 under "The Development of our Town Government" ' 'The Body Politic" 
 "The Charter in Peril" "Ipswich and the Andros Government." Under 
 the heads of "The Coming of the English" "Homes and Dress" "Some 
 Notable Settlers" "Trades and Employments," we find a rich fund of 
 information regarding the early inhabitants and the lives they led. In 
 the chapter dealing with "The Sabbath and the Meeting House" with 
 the melancholy accompaniment of "Witchcraft," the austere religious 
 life of the early times is depicted. The relations of the settlers to the Indians 
 are described under "Primeval Agawam" "King Philip's War" and the 
 "War of William and Mary." The determination of the colonists to 
 provide education for their children is shown in the article on "The Gram- 
 mar School and Harvard College. ' ' Other interesting chapters deal with 
 the "Laws and Courts" and with the curiousjnstitution of the "Common 
 Lands and Commonage. ' ' 
 
 Tlie second portion of the work contains an account of the ownership 
 and transfer of lands and houses which is the fruit of research, of remarkable 
 industry and accuracy. No one whose family has owned property within 
 the bounds of Ipswich can fail to find facts of interest to him here. The 
 names of early settlers are given in full and there are a number of inven- 
 tories illustrative of the character of personal property held and transmitted. 
 The letters of Rev. Nathaniel Ward, of Dr. Giles Firmin, and of Samuel 
 Symonds, the writings of Sarah Goodhue, and the narrative of tlie Rev. 
 John Wise, aU of great antiquarian interest, are given in the Appendix. 
 
 Thirty-five excellent illustrations, and an Index which forms a com- 
 plete guide to all the names and subjects mentioned, add greatly to the 
 value of the work. 
 
130 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 
 
 This history of Ipswich is the result of such painstaking and intelligent 
 
 research, and is written in so attractive a style, that it cannot fail to appeal 
 
 to all persons who have any connection with the town. Whoever lives 
 
 in Ipswich or whose ancestors lived here, should have a copy among his 
 
 books. He will find pleasure in reading it, and profit in possessing it for 
 
 reference. 
 
 Bayard Tuckerman. 
 
 (From the Boston Transcript.) 
 
 A most important addition to the literature of New England history 
 is made by Mr. Thomas Franklin Waters in this volume. Ipswich — the 
 Agawam of 270 years ago — is one of the most picturesque towns in the 
 Commonwealth, and aside from its attractions of location and scenery, is 
 particularly rich in historical associations. No town in its early conditions 
 more accurately typifies early New England life, and in the narrative of 
 its struggles and development may be read that of a score of other settle- 
 ments of the same period. ' ' I have tried, ' ' says Mr. Waters in his preface, 
 "to tell accurately, but in readable fashion, the story of the builders of 
 our town, their homes and home life, their employments, their Sabbath- 
 keeping, their love of learning, their administration of town affairs, their 
 stern delusions, their heroism in war and in resistance to tyranny. ' ' To 
 anyone familiar with the beautiful old town the book will have all the 
 fascination of a romance. 
 
 (From a Review by the New York Daily Tribune.) 
 
 The president of the Ipswich Historical Society has prepared in this 
 volume a model of its kind. He tells in thoroughly entertaining fashion 
 the history of this early Colonial town — the Agawam of Indians — and 
 he adds in Part II such a detailed account of its houses and lands as must 
 ever be of value to all connected by ties of blood or property with Ipswich. 
 Photographs of the many ancient houses which survive, together with 
 maps, diagrams and facsimiles illustrate and elucidate the text. 
 
 The story of the town holds so much of the struggle, the tragedy and 
 the quaintness of seventeenth century life in the colony that it would have 
 been difficult to make it other than interesting. 
 
 The services of Ipswich men in King Philip's War and their sturdy 
 protest against the usurpation of the Andros government are chronicled 
 here, and are not to be forgotten by Americans. In the resistance to what 
 she considered an unjust tax, Ipswich may claim a high place among the 
 earliest supporters of the right of self government. 
 
 {From a letter, written by C. B. Tillinghast, State Librarian of Massachusetts). 
 
 "The story of the founders of Ipswich which you have told with so 
 much detaU and skill in the first half of the volume, is of course in large 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 131 
 
 degree the story of the early life of the settlers in other parts of the Colony 
 and this study, which you have founded with such pains-taking accuracy 
 largely upon original and documentary sources of information makes the 
 volume of the widest general interest to all, who have an interest in the 
 early settlers and their mode of life. This feature of the book it seems to 
 me, is unequalled by any other available publication and should commend 
 it to the favorable attention of all libraries. 
 
 The topographical study which forms the latter portion of the book, 
 is a model of what such a study should be, and in this respect, Ipswich 
 territory is of special interest. 
 
 "You have made in thisvolume a contribution to the local, the funda- 
 mental history of the Commonwealth, which few, if any volumes equal 
 and none excel." 
 
 {From George H. Martin, Secretary of the State Board of Education of 
 
 Massachusetts.) 
 
 I have examined with care the whole of your new book on Ipswich, 
 and I have read with increasing interest as much as time would allow. It 
 is a great book and will prove of immense service to all students of early 
 colonial history. 
 
 I do not think I have found anywhere so vivid a picture presented of 
 Puritan town life in all its phases as you have given. The thorough way 
 in which you have handled the matter of land grants is a model for all 
 local historians. 
 
 I congratulate you heartily upon having made an addition to the local 
 history of New England, which" is unsurpassed in the choice of matter, and 
 in the felicity of its presentation. 
 
 {From The Nation, New York.) 
 
 In one feature, at least, this ample and handsomely printed work 
 surpasses any other town history that we have ever encountered. We 
 refer to that portion of the second half which deals with "Houses 
 and Lands," and which, with the aid of a diagram, traces the for- 
 tunes of each dwelling and lot of the original settler nominatim not 
 only to 1700, but to the present day. This enormous labor is for- 
 tified by the citation of wills and deeds, and the result is a firm base 
 for all future researches. It is supplemented by a summary of the 
 names of the settlers from 1633 to 1649, with the year in which each 
 name first occurs in the town records, and by some sample inventories 
 of personal effects. Other remarkable lists of the early inliabitants have 
 been constructed for the chapter entitled "The Body Politic;" and show 
 that out of an enrolled male population in 1678 totalling 508, there were 
 220 commoners and 125 freemen (17 of these not being commoners). The 
 freemen alone were entitled to vote for the officers and magistrates of 
 
J/,M 22 i®e^ 
 
 132 
 
 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 
 
 the Colony and to speak and vote in town meeting ; the commoners might 
 vote on all questions relating to the common lands ; the residue, so-called 
 Resident, were eligible for jury duty and to vote for selectmen. 
 
 Mr. Waters 's historical treatment is episodical and is very pleasingly 
 manifested in the opening chapters on the aborigines as described by 
 the first Englishmen and on home and dress. These themes are in- 
 vested with a really fresh interest, and set forth with noticeable literary 
 skill. 
 
 Much remains to be said or sayable, but we must stay our hand. 
 Mr. Waters 's work, which we hope he will follow up for later times, as he 
 half promises, takes its place in the front rank of its class, and can 
 hardly be praised too highly for diligent research, candor, taste, style and 
 construction. 
 
 It will be found to be of particular value to the New England fami- 
 lies bearing the 
 APPLETON 
 BAKER 
 BROWN 
 BURNHAM 
 CALDWELL 
 CHOATE 
 CLARK 
 COGSWELL 
 DENISON 
 DODGE 
 DUTCH 
 
 names of 
 FARLEY 
 FOSTER 
 GOODHUE 
 HARRIS 
 HEARD 
 HODGKINS 
 HOVEY 
 HUBBARD 
 JEWITT 
 KIMBALL 
 KINSMAN 
 
 KNOWLTON 
 
 LAKEMAN 
 
 LORD 
 
 MANNING 
 
 NEWMAN 
 
 NORTON 
 
 PAINE 
 
 PERKINS 
 
 POTTER 
 
 PULCIFER 
 
 RINGE 
 
 ROGERS 
 
 ROSS 
 
 RUST 
 
 SALTONSTALL 
 
 SMITH I 
 
 SYMONDS 
 
 TREADWELL 
 
 WADE 
 
 WAINWRIGHT 
 
 WHIPPLE 
 
 WILLCOMB 
 
 WINTHROP 
 
 and many others. 
 
 Price. Five dollars, net. Postage, Thirty-six cents. 
 
^^i^ 
 
 ^:-S 
 
 
 ■;?-->o 
 
 

 PUBLik^iA I iijNS ... 
 
 IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
 SOCIETY 
 
 u by Rev, VVii.-iii'Jifton 
 
 , , Df)vis,-'>ri the i"''Ot'i A 
 Aiidros 'I 
 
 The D--v^1nn:iicnt 
 
 ■v of tlxe Old Argil 
 
 cce.diugs at ihi. 
 Massachi 
 
 :2;, 1900. Piice 25 cents 
 
 
 ■r of Atfij^vvfliT!, ]t^ 
 
 lanirl W;, 
 
PUBLICATIONS OF THE IPSWICH 
 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 
 XV. 
 
 THE OLD BAY ROAD 
 FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 
 
 AND 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM 
 
 A GENEALOGY 
 OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 OF I 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON 
 
 BY 
 
 T. FRANK WATERS 
 
 PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 
 
 ' December 3, 1906. 
 
 Salem IPcese: 
 Thb Sal£U Press Co., Sai,£M, Mass. 
 1907 
 
GRANTS ON A PART OF THE BAY PATH 
 
 MTH. 
 
 
PUBLICATION!^ OF THE IPSWICH 
 
 HISTORICAL SOCIETY 
 
 XV. 
 
 THE OLD BAY ROAD 
 FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 
 
 AND 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM 
 
 A GENEALOGY 
 OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 OF 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON 
 
 T. FRANK WATERS 
 
 PROCEEDINGS AT THE ANNUAL MEETING 
 
 December 3, 1906. 
 
 Salem IPcessi 
 The Salem Press Co., Salem, Mass. 
 1907 
 
f-' A- 
 
 T^^; 
 
 JAN ^, ii. 
 
/ 
 
 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 
 
 AND 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 
 
 In the year 1639, the General Court considered the unsatisfactory con- 
 dition of the public highways. Sometimes they were "toostraite" and "in 
 other places travellers are forced to go farr about." It was ordered, there- 
 fore, on the 5'^ of November, "that all high ways shall be laid out before 
 the next General Court." 
 
 "Every town shall choose two or three men who shall joyne with 
 two or three of the next town <fe they shall have power to lay out ways 
 where most convenient not withstanding any man's propriety or any 
 corne ground so as it not occasion the puling downe of any man's 
 house or laying open any garden or orchard & in comon ground or 
 where the soyle is wet or mirye they shall lay out the ways the wider 
 as 6 or 8 or 10 rods or more in comon ground." "Each town to make 
 reasonable satisfaction." 
 
 At the session of the General Court, beginning Oct. 7, 1640, the sur- 
 veyors reported that they had laid out the highway from Rowley to 
 Ipswich, 
 
 "from Mr. Nelsons dwelling house pale by the end of Mussies Hill to 
 the newe bridge over the North Ryver & so to the newe bridge over 
 Muddy Ryver & so by the comon fence to Ipswich towne & so along 
 by Mr. Saltonstalls house over the falls at Mile River & by marked 
 trees over Mr. Appletons meadow called Parlye Meadow & from thence 
 by Mr. Hubbards farm house and so upon the east side of Mr. Smiths 
 house then over the ould planters meadow and so to the two ponds 
 usually dry in summer near wch ponds the way doth branch one where- 
 of is easterly of the said ponds leading through the old planters field 
 to the Salem ferry according to the marked trees and the other way is 
 westerly of the ponds leading to a great creek at a landing place west- 
 erly of Mr. Scrugs house." 
 
 The breadth of this highway was eight rods. Except bridging North 
 River or Egypt River, as it is now called, and Muddy River, nothing was 
 done apparently to make travel more easy or convenient. The travel- 
 ler forded Ipewich River at the "watering place," as it was known in later 
 years,' near the present foot-bridge of the Ipswich mill, rode along the high- 
 way by Mr. Saltonstall's, whose house was on or near the site of the old 
 
 1 Ipswich in Maee. Bay Colony, pp. 46(M63. 
 
 (1) 
 
2 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 
 
 Merritield house,' forded Mile River, find picked his way across Samuel 
 Appleton's meadow by blazed trees, and on to Salem Ferry. No 
 change in the existing road was made, except where it cut through the 
 Appleton farm. To settle the damage at this point, the Town voted in 
 1650, " Granted to Mr. Apleton a p'cell of ground (in full satisfaction for 
 the country highway going through his farme) beyond tlie swamp to make 
 his fence straight not exceeding eight acres." In the year 1680, and prob- 
 ably long before, bridges had been built over Saltonstall's brook, and Mile 
 River, as John Whipple was ordered to care for the roads from"Myle Bridge' 
 to Wenham bounds, in that year, and John Low, from Mr. Saltonstall's 
 Bridge to Haffield's Bridge. 
 
 Richard Saltonstall's Lot. 
 
 No. 1 on Diagram. 
 
 Mr. Richard Saltonstall's town property , as described in his deed to Sam- 
 uel Bishop, included his "dwelling house & orchard with all ye land about 
 it on both sides ye brook commonly called Saltonstall's brook it being 
 14 acres by estimation whether it be more or less." Sept. 23, 1680 (16: 
 105). But Nathaniel Rust, a glover by trade, was in possession of that 
 part of the Saltonstall land, which lay on the south side of the brook, as 
 early as 1689, when Capt. Cross sold the land on the north of the brook to 
 Elisha Treadwell. (Ips. Deeds 5:378). Mr. Rust had his tan yard, beam 
 house, and all the appurtenances of his craft here, and here no doubt, he 
 made the four dozen pairs of gloves ordered for Rev. Mr. Gobbet's funeral 
 on Nov. 6, 1685. Thomas Norton was likewise a tanner, and on March 8, 
 1699-1700, Mr. Rust sold him an acre of land "beginning at the brook 
 commonly called Saltingstall's Brook," running twelve rods on the road, 
 and fifteen rods back, with all "houses, tan-yard, trees, fences, orchard, etc." 
 and the benefit of half the brook (13: 270). Norton married Mercy Rust, 
 the glover's daughter, and on June 18, 1701, he bought the residue of Mr. 
 Rust's property, seven acres of arable and pasture land (23: 252). 
 
 Mr. Rust's dwelling stood where the Meeting House of the South Church 
 is now located. He sold this to his son-in-law, Mr. Norton, and Capt. 
 
 I The old Merrifleld house waa purchaaed by Mrs. D. F. Appletou, and torn 
 down In May, 1907. It was evident that the frame was largely that of a seventeenth 
 century house. The oak summers or main floor beams were the counterpart of those 
 In the ancient Whipple house, althougli the lower side including tlie moulded edges 
 had been hewn away and boxed in, to suit the later fashions. Portions of a wooden 
 partition, with the same rude tooling that occurs in the Whipple house, were found, 
 but not in their original place. A single corner post with chamfered edge in the 
 second story, the ancient door post with slots for the wooden latcli of the front door 
 and the bar which locked it, and the massive oak floor joists attested an original house 
 of the earliest period, the old whitewash revealing an original unplastered ceiling. 
 The huge fire places had been remodelled, but the dimensions of the chimney, and 
 the use of soft bricks laid in clay showed that it was built at a very early period. 
 
 The windows, however, were of alaterperiod, and had never been changed. No 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETOn's FARM, 3 
 
 Daniel Ringe, March 9, 1710 (23:76) and their joint ownership continued 
 until Nov. 4, 1723, when they sold to Ammi Ruhamah Wise (41 : 264). By 
 that year, the venerable mansion under the great elm had been built, and 
 here Deacon Norton lived the rest of his days. His son, Thomas, a grad- 
 uate of Harvard and teacher for some years of the Grammar School, in- 
 herited the estate. His will was probated in 1750 (Pro. Rec. 329:453-5). 
 The inventory is very elaborate, and includes the dwelling house, and home- 
 stead, valued at £266-13-4, the upper house, £80, a negro woman called 
 Phillis, and a valuable stock of leatlier. Thomas, the eldest son, received 
 the dwelling with the tan-yard, pits, etc. (Pro. Rec. 330: 426), and sold the 
 whole estate to Dummer Jewett, July 24, 1771 (129:99). His widow sold 
 to the County of Essex, " to be improved and used as a house of correction" 
 Jan. 21, 1791 (154:9). 
 
 . The prison was built on the adjoining land to the northward and was 
 surrounded by a high fence. The old Norton dwelling was used as the 
 keeper's house. Though vague reports of dungeons in the cellar were cur- 
 rent in later years, no evidence of such was found, when the building was 
 torn down. 
 
 A new jail and prison were built on the present County property and 
 the old mansion and eight acres were sold to Asa Brown, April 22, 1828 
 (250:16), who added a wing on the north side. When the new Meeting 
 House of the South Church was built in 1837, he bought the old Rust-Norton 
 house, and removed it to the ancient tan-yard site, where it was remodelled 
 and became the sightly dwelling now owned and occupied by Henry 
 Brown, A large tract adjoining the ancient Saltonstall lot was also acquired 
 by Asa Brown, and this will now be considered. 
 
 From this point to the ancient Potter farm, now owned by George 
 E, Barnard, the long strip bounded by the highway on the east, and the 
 river on the west, was divided into lots, approximately six acres, and ap- 
 portioned probably by grant of the Town, though only a smgle record re- 
 mains. This land was assigned usually to residents of the south side and was 
 used for tillage and pasturage.^ In the earliest yearsnohouse would have been 
 permitted, as the General Court in 1635 forbade any house more than half a 
 mile from the meeting-house, "except mill-houses and farm houses, of such 
 as have their dwelling-houses in the same town." 
 
 bricks were found in the walls, though a large portion of the boards were daubed with 
 clay on the inner side, as though they had been used formerly with a clay filling. The 
 house faced the east, while the earliest dwellings generally, if not invariably, faced 
 the south. The carpenter's marks on the frame were frequently out of pl.ice. 
 
 The conclusion that forces itself upon us is that a large portion of the material 
 of an earlier house, of the same dimensions, were utilized in the dwelling just re- 
 moved, and that this older house occupied the same site. 
 
 The pedigree of the lot, given in Ipswich in the Mass. Bay Colony, pp. 465-467 
 makes it certain that Richard Saltonstall's house must have stood near this spot, and 
 It is almost impossible to doubt that the early dwelling, which hae been revealed, was 
 none other than the original house of Mr. Saltonstall, built in 1635 or 1636. The Later 
 building seems to have been erected early in the 18th century. 
 
 » It is called a "common field" in Joseph Young-love's deed, to Thomas Manning, 
 
4 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK 
 
 Nathaniel Rogers's Lower Pasture. 
 
 Lots Nos. 2 and 3 on Diagram. 
 Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, pastor of the Ipswich church, whose dwelling 
 was very near the "Gables, "owned two of these six acre lots, one of which, 
 abutting on Mr. Saltonstall's, was granted by the Town (Town Record, 
 1649). Mr. Rogers bequeathed his estate to his sons, John, then his col- 
 league, afterwards President of Harvard College, and Samuel. By the in- 
 denture of division, which they agreed upon, Pres. John received the home- 
 stead and these two lots, bounded by the land sometime Mr. Saltonstall's, 
 north, and Thomas Burnam's land, south, March 4, 1684 (Ips. Deeds 5:146). 
 
 Thomas Burnam's Lot. 
 
 No. 4 on Diagram. 
 
 John Rogers, the eldest son of President John, Pastor of the Ipswich 
 church, inherited the pasture lot upon the death of his father, July 2, 1684. 
 He enlarged it April 20, 1693 (39:45) by the purchase of six and a half acres 
 upland and swamp from Thomas Burnam, son of the original owner. His 
 deed records the item, "which I had of my father by deed of gift bearing 
 date of Jan. 1, 1687." 
 
 William Hubbard's Lot. 
 
 No. 5 on Diagram. 
 
 Madame Elizabeth Rogers, widow of President John, on March 26, 
 1685 bought the six acre lot of upland and meadow adjoining the Thomas 
 Burnam lot on the south, of Rev. William Hubbard, who had married 
 Margaret, daughter of Rev. Natlianiel and sister of her husband. (Ips. 
 Deeds 5:146). This lot also became the property of Rev. John, the Pastor of 
 the Ipswich church, and he thus owned four of the original six acre divi- 
 ■ions. In his will, (approved Jan. 6, 1745,) he gave the two lots abutting on 
 Thomas Norton, part of his lower pasture, to his son Samuel, a phy- 
 sician, who built and occupied the house now owned by Frank T. Good- 
 hue, and the two others, to his son John, Pastor of the church at Kittery 
 (326:460-4). The Kittery Pastor sold the lot adjoining his brother to 
 Samuel, before May 6, 1746, and his other lot to his brother Daniel, after- 
 ward Pastor for life at Exeter, May 6, 1746 (90: 272). 
 
 Samuel became the owner of three of the original lots by this purchase, 
 numbered 2, 3 and 4. He divided them into two "ten acre" lots and sold 
 the southern lot to Richard Manning, May 7, 1755 (102:138) and the north- 
 ern half to Col. John Choate and Abraham Choate, May 19, 1757 (103:245). 
 Col. Choate and William Choate sold to John Heard, June 6, 1776(135:263), 
 and John Heard conveyed it to Michael Brown, Novem. 20, 1832 (268:78). 
 
 Richard Manning bought the adjoining lot of Rev. Daniel Rogers, 
 June 27, 1759 (106:214). He was the son of Thomas Manning, the black- 
 BDoith, who had forged manacles and fetters for the witches in 1692,' and 
 
 1 Ipswich in Mans. Bay Colony, p. 294. 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 5 
 
 whose house and sliop it may be presumed as well, occupied the William 
 Kinsman lot, now owned by Mrs. Joseph R. Wilson. The elder Manning had 
 purchased the two original lots adjoining. 
 
 Samuel Younglove's Lot. 
 
 No. 6 OQ Diagram. 
 
 Samuel Younglove, the first known proprietor of the lot numbered 6, 
 had conveyed it to his son Joseph, "my lot of upland in the field on the 
 Bouthside" containing six acres, Nov. 19, 1687 (Ips. Deeds 5:298) and Joseph 
 sold to Thomas Manning the same lot, "lying within a comon field on y" 
 south side of the Mill River, containing eight acres," March 31, 1696 
 (11:103). 
 
 Dea. William Goodhue's Lot. 
 
 No. 7 on Diagram. 
 
 The lot numbered 7 was owned by Dea. William Goodhue, whose 
 house was on the lot now occupied by the Parsonage of the South Church. 
 John Goodhue, his grandson, conveyed it to liis brother William, "y^ 8 acre 
 lot by Windmill Hill,' lying between the land of Mr. Nath. Rogers and Mr. 
 Thomas Manning," Jan. 9, 1699-1700 (14: 225). The Goodhue heirs gave 
 a deed of this lot, again called a six acre lot, to Manning, Jan. 18, 1699-1700 
 (13: 275, 276.) Thomas Manning's will was proved May23, 1737, (Pro. Rec. 
 322:49-53) and it bequeathed to his son Richard, "all the land I bought of 
 Joseph Younglove and the Goodhues, containing eighteen or twenty acres, 
 be the same more or less." 
 
 Richard Manning was now the owner of four of the original divisions 
 numbers 4, 5, 6 and 7. He sold the six acre lot which he had bought of 
 Rev. Daniel Rogers to Samuel Chipman of Salem, June 29, 1759 (107:9) 
 and the ten acre lot adjoining, which he had bought of Samuel Rogers, to 
 Dr. Joseph Manning, June 26, 1765 (116:20.) Anstice Chipman, widow of 
 Samuel, sold her lot to Dr. Manning, March 23^ 1774 (133: 75). 
 
 On Nov. 6, 1770, Capt. Richard Manning conveyed the Goodhue- 
 Younglove lots which he had inherited to his daughters. To the widow 
 Anstice Chipman and Mary Barker, wife of Ephraim Barker of Stratham, 
 N. H., he conveyed a twelve acre lot adjoining the lot owned by Samuel 
 Chipman, and another lot of equal size to Martha Talton, wife of Stiles 
 Talton of New Market, N. H., and Priscilla Heath, wife of William Heath 
 of Salem (122:275). 
 
 Dr. Joseph Manning bequeathed the " River Pasture," 12 J acres, to his 
 son. Dr. John, the famous physician, and 2^ acres in the southwest cor- 
 ner of the same, to his son Jacob, June 6, 1786 (Pro. Rec. 358: 374). He 
 had previously acquired the adjoining land, the interest of Anstice Chip- 
 nam in an "undivided moiety of 8^ acres," conveyed to her and Mary 
 
 1 The name Windmill Hill is still retained. Undoubtedly a windmill was built 
 somewhere on this breezy height, but nothing is known of its location. 
 
6 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK 
 
 Barker by Richard Manning, Oct., 23 1775 (134: 150) and he bought the 
 interest of the heirs of Ephraim Barker "in 3 acres and three eighths, given 
 to their mother by their gi-andfather," August 19, 1793 (156: 278). Jacob 
 Manning sold the whole tract, estimated as containing 12 acres, to his 
 brother, Dr. John, August 26, 1793 (167:132). 
 
 Dr. Manning sold the River Pasture, he had inJierited, and the lot, he 
 had bought of Jacob, 26^ acres in all, to Bemsly Smith, March 29, 1809 
 (186:157) and he conveyed it to Ammi Brown, Gent., Michael Brown, 
 white-smith, and Asa Andrews, the Town lawyer, April 15, 1811 (193: 52). 
 By the terms of the deed, Andrews owned an undivided half, and he sold 
 this interest to the other proprietors and John Heard, April 28, 1812 (200: 
 175). Mr. Heard sold the Choate lot and tlie Asa Andrews interest to 
 Michael Brown, Nov. 20, 1832 (268: 78). Brown acquired the title to the 
 whole tract before his death. His executors sold this, in three fields, the 
 Heard lot, 7^ acres (325:99) a 12^ acre lot (325:119) and a llA acre lot, 
 the Choate lot, to Asa Brown, April 23, 1841 (325:127). His purchase of 
 the Saltonstall lot has been mentioned already. 
 
 He became now the owner of the large tract reaching from the Brook 
 to the land nov/ owned by Wallace P. Willett. He mortgaged 15 acres 
 to Asa Brown Potter, adjoining the Willett land, "being the Manning lot, 
 and part of the Heard lot," Oct. 3, 1860 (613:74) and conveyed his whole 
 estate to Increase H. Brown, his brother, Oct. 28, 1862 (643:243). He 
 conveyed to their sister, Mrs. Rhoda Brown Potter, April 28, 1866 (701: 
 230). Asa also executed a deed to Mrs. Potter of the same with the con- 
 dition that she pay what he owed Jonathan Sargent and the mortgages, 
 Feb. 11, 1867 (743:198). Mrs. Potter sold 35 acres, retaining 5 acres with 
 her homestead, to Edward B. Wildes, May 1, 1871 (822: 114), who built 
 the mansion on tlie hill. His widow sold the estate to Lester E. Libby, 
 Aug. 16, 1901 (1650:284). 
 
 Henry Brown, who had inherited the estate of Mrs. Potter, bought 
 2i acres of the Wildes property, June 8, 1903 (1710:348). This increased 
 his lot to about 8 acres, a.nd the present line of division must coincide very 
 nearly with the original line between Saltonstall and PiOgers. By the 
 terms of the sale, Mr. Brown was obliged to remove the ancient Norton 
 mansion near the great elm, and it was torn down, still stout and strong. 
 Its walls were filled with brick, and its oak beams were massive and finely 
 finished. Picturesque in architecture and in location, its destruction was 
 a matter of general regret. John H. Procter bought the Wildes mansion 
 and 14 acres. May 8, 1903 (1706:40). The balance of the land, 20 acres, 
 was purchased by Mrs. Anna P. Peabody, Oct. 5, 1904 (1757:181). She 
 has transformed the bare pastures into the beautiful estate, to which the 
 name, Floriana, has now been given. 
 
 She also acquired the John H. Procter property, Jan. 8, 1907 (1857: 
 355) so that her title covers tlie original lots of Rev. Nathaniel Rogers 
 and his descendants, of Thomas Burnham, Rev. William Hubbard and 
 Samuel Younglove. 
 
 The seventh lot in the old Common field, it has been said, was owned 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON S FARM / 
 
 by Dea. William Goodhue, by his grandsons Jo!m and AVilliam, and other 
 heirs, by Thomas Manning and his son Capt. Richard, who gave it in equal 
 divisions to his daughters, Martha Talton and Priscilla Heath. Stilman 
 Talton of Newmarket and Martlia, sold 4^ acres, her whole interest, to 
 William Appleton, Sept. 20, 1775 (134:156). It was inherited by Daniel 
 Thurston, his son-in-law, and sold by him to Jarnes Potter and by Thomas 
 Brown, Jun., guardian of the minor children of James, to the widow, Rhoda 
 B. Potter, called 'The Appleton lot' Nov. 26, 1839 (326:4). She con- 
 veyed it to Symmes Potter, May 4, 1846 (368: 6). 
 
 William Heath and Priscilla sold her lot to George Norton, Dec. 27, 
 1774 (133:258) who conveyed to Daniel Rogers, Jan. 7,1783 (140:217). 
 Its later history is merged in that of the lots adjoining on the south. 
 
 Rev. Nathaniel Rogers's Upper Pasture and Isaiah Woods's Lot. 
 
 Lots No8. S, 9 and 10 on Diagram. 
 
 The eighth and ninth lots were owned by Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, and 
 known as the upper pastiu'e. In the indenture of division of the estate 
 (Ips. Deeds 5:146), these lots were apportioned to Pres. John Rogers of 
 Harvard, bounded north by land of William Goodhue, "south by land of 
 said John Rogers, purchased of Isaiah Wood," March 4, 1684. His pur- 
 chase of the tenth lot is not known from any other source. 
 
 Rev. Nathaniel Rogers of Portsmouth succeeded in the ownership, 
 probably by inheritance, and sold the 20 acres of arable and pasture land, 
 with a small house and barn, to his brother. Rev. John Rogers, Pastor of 
 the Ipswich Church, November 7, 1706(39:46). We may presume tliat 
 the house and barn rnay have been occupied by Isaiah Wood, from whom 
 Pres. John bought a lot. No trace of these buildings can be found. Rev. 
 John bequeathed the southern half of the upper pasture, bounded by the 
 land of Robert Potter on the south , to his son Rev. Nathaniel, his colleague 
 and successor, and the northern half, abutting on Mr. Manning's land to 
 his son. Rev. Daniel of Exeter (proved Jan. 6, 1745 326:460-4). The 
 heirs of the latter sold the lot, 11 acres, on April 28, and May 20, 1786, to 
 Daniel Rogers of Ipswich (146:151). 
 
 After the death of Mr. Rogers, partition of the tract was made, 16 acres 
 in all, as he had previously bought the 4^ acre lot of George Norton. A 
 third was set off to George Haskell by the Court of Common Pleas, Sept. 
 term, 1839, and the balance to Martha and Mary Ann Rogers. The 
 latter sold their portion to Capt. Symmes Potter, Feb. 15, 1840 (317: 
 118) and George Haskell sold to him Jan. 4, 1841 (323:219). He bought 
 the Appleton lot adjoining, as has been stated, and enlarged his holding 
 to twenty acres. By the will of Capt. Potter, who v/as lost at sea, his 
 eister, Mrs. Julia P. Willett, received his landed estate, 1859 (Pro. Rec. 
 420: 46) and she bequeathed it to her son, Wallace P. Willett, the present 
 owner. Four gates in the stone wall still indicate the the several lots in- 
 cluded in the single large field. 
 
8 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL 'S BROOK 
 
 The ten acre lot, wliich Rev. Nathaniel Rogers inherited in 1745, 
 came into the possession of tlie Potters, who owned the large area beyond. 
 In 1766, it had been divided. In that year, Richard Potter sold Daniel 
 Potter, Jr., 5J acres, the southern half (126:173) and Daniel Potter sold 
 Daniel Jr., the other half, 5^ acres of upland and meadow, with a house, 
 barn and joiner's shop. May 31, 1769 (126:174). Daniel Potter conveyed 
 this property to Moses Willett, Nov. 20, 1810 (192: 75) but it reverted to 
 the Potter family and Daniel Potter sold the land and buildings to William 
 H. Chapman of Salem, May 24, 1850 (429: 20). Chapman sold to Rev. 
 Daniel Fitz, D.D., Pastor of the Soutli Church, the acreage being given as 
 fourteen. Mar. 31, 1854 (492: 34.) He conveyed to George W. Brown, Mar. 
 31, 1856 (529: 92), who sold to Asa Wade, Dec. 27, 1862 (646: 75). Mr. 
 Wade sold the estate, reserving for the small house standing on the prem- 
 ises, built by Mr. Winslow, the privilege of retaining it two years, to Isaac 
 F. Dobson, the present owner, Oct. 28, 1881 (1069: 42). The dwelling is 
 apparently the same that appears in the deed of Daniel Potter of 1769 
 and was built before that date. 
 
 John Dane's Lot. 
 
 No. 11 on Diagnini. 
 John Dane owned the lot, numbered 11, in 1661, and Nathaniel 
 Smith in 1706, by the deeds of adjoining lots, and Robert Potter owned 
 and occupied in 1745. In the division of his estate, half the house and 
 a piece of land 18 rods deep, 6 rods 8 links wide, was set off to the widow 
 Mary, April 4, 1778 (Pro. Rec. 353: 92). The administrator, Moses Potter, 
 quitclaimed his interest in the estate to Stephen Brown, 3*^, April 8, 1778 
 (149: 262). Walter Brown inherited and bought the interest of Joseph 
 Boardinan in the nine acres and half the house, April 2, 1824 (235: 69). 
 The other half of the house was bequeathed by Mary Brown to her relative 
 Sally Berry, "as full remuneration for all care, labour and attention of 
 every sort and kind bestowed on me during my life," Feb. 3, 1846 (Pro- 
 Rec. 413: 291). The widow Sally Berry, sold this to Capt. Symmes Potter, 
 April 13, 1848 (395: 258) and he conveyed it to Walter Brown, with a part 
 of the lot, Jan. 15, 1857 (611: 37). The administrator of Walter Brown 
 sold to Asa Wade, June 9, 1863, (652: 178). He owned the adjoining 
 estate and moved the house from its original location near the road to the 
 rear of the barn, where it still stands. The later history of this lot is that 
 of the farm, of vvliich it became a part. 
 
 John Hoyt's Lot. 
 
 No. 12 on Diagram. 
 In the year 1641, the Town Record lias the following entry, concern- 
 ing the twelfth of these river side lots: 
 
 " Granted to John Hoy t six acres of planting ground at the Mile 
 brook having the Mile brook on the South Ipswich River on 
 the Northwest a planting lott of John Danes on the Northeast 
 and tlie Comon of the Towne of Ipswich on the Southeast." 
 
« 
 
AND SAIMUEL APPLETON's FARM. 9 
 
 Thomas Hartshorne of Reading and Sarah, his wife, who was relict of 
 William Lampson, late of Ipswich, sold to Anthony Potter, 
 
 "our dwelling house & other outhousing with the orchard & a 
 parcel of upland & meadow containing sixteen acres on the 
 South side of the river witliin the common fence bounded with 
 mile brook towards the west the Mill River towards the North 
 John Danes land toward the East the comon South." 
 
 December 11, 1661 (Ips. Deeds 4: 437). 
 
 The lot is the same in both records beyond question, though its area is 6 
 acres in the grant and 16 acres in the deed, and diverse compass directions 
 appear in the bounds. Potter soon enlarged his modest farm. John 
 Appleton, son of Samuel, the immigrant, sold him 16 acres, having the 
 Mile brook on 
 
 "tiie east Mill River on the North the land of Lieut Samuel Apple- 
 ton west and other land of Potters formerly William Goodhues 
 
 toward the south." 
 
 Dec. 22, 1664 
 
 (Ips. Deeds 2:221). 
 
 Dea. Goodhue's deed of sale of the lot mentioned in the above deed is 
 not recorded, but a later deed records another conveyance by Dea. Good- 
 hue to Potter for £35 
 
 "of 11 acres together with 7 acres which was sometimes W" 
 Lampsons in the whole 18 acres," bounded by Lieut. Apple- 
 ton's, his own land and the brook, March 12, 1671 (Ips. Deeds 
 3:220). 
 
 This completed his estate, which included the farms, now owned by the 
 
 Oliver Smith heirs and George E. Barnard. Strangely enough, ten years 
 
 later Samuel Appleton Sen., executed a deed of sale to Anthony Potter 
 
 Sen., for £110, os. of the same lot already sold him, 18 acres and 62 rods, 
 
 "a part of my farm lying between the Great River and Myle 
 
 brook bounded from the gate post at the highway to Boston to 
 
 a small oake by the great River which are two bounds having 
 
 the land of the sd Appleton on the Southwest and from the 
 
 small oake to the great River coming to sd Potters land on the 
 
 northwest and the land of sd Potter on the northeast on the east 
 
 by myle brooke from sd Potters land up to the gate post at the 
 
 highway to Boston, " 
 
 "provided it was always intended that what damage the sd 
 Anthony Potter shall sustain by water that comes from the sd. 
 Appletons dam upon any of the above land that the sd Potter 
 and his suscessors shall bear it and that the sd Appleton and his 
 successors shall have the liberty of a highway to the Towne by 
 the great River through the sd land as heretofore," with pro\ ision 
 for fence etc. 10-11-1681 dps. Deeds 4: 486). 
 The original grant to Samuel Appleton was bounded by the River and by 
 Mile Brook, and the Appleton title seems not to have been extinguished 
 
10 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 
 
 although Dea. Goodhue had sold two lots in this tract. John Appleton, 
 
 son of Samuel, gave the deed for the first lot. 
 
 On March 14, 1693, Joseph Calef, Thomas Potter and .\ntony Potter 
 
 were granted liberty to dam the water and build a fulling mill on Mile brook. 
 
 The mill was not built apparently, as Edmund Potter, Abraham Tilton, Jr. 
 
 and .Antony Potter petitioned to set up a dam and grist mill in Mile brook, 
 
 near the house of Thomas Potter, not to damnify Col. Appleton 's saw mill. 
 
 This was granted March 24, 1696, and the mill was built. The dam and 
 
 an old mill building still remain. 
 
 Thomas Potter had a house therefore near this dam and mill in 1696, 
 
 but the land seems to have belonged to Samuel Potter. By his will, Samuel 
 
 bequeathed 
 
 " to son Samuel besides what I have given him a deed of on y'' south- 
 erly side of y*" brook I give him . . . all my land on y' side of sd brook. 
 . . . He shall always have an outlett to ye Town Common from his house 
 to y* Common as y"^ way now goes." 
 To his son Thomas 
 
 "all lands on y"^ north side the brook and after wife's decease all lands 
 housings" etc. 
 
 Proved Aug. 2, 1714 
 
 (Pro. Rec. 311:173-5). 
 
 Thomas Potter was the owner therefore, from 1714, of the principal part of 
 the present Barnard farm, but Thomas and Antony Potter sold to Thomas 
 Norton, tanner, whose establishment and dwelling were near Saltonstall's 
 brook, 13 acres, bounded by Antony Potter, north, Thomas and Antony, 
 northwest, and Thomas Potter, southwest. March 7, 1733 (86: 70). 
 Daniel Potter succeeded to the ownership and sold to his son, Richard, the 
 house and 16 acres, beginning at tlie corner of Robert Potter's shop, and 
 bounded on the other side by the brook, "as it rims to tlie land of Tliomas 
 Norton, then on land of Richard Potter and Jonathan Potter to first 
 bounds." July 5, 1762 (119:155). 
 
 Richard Potter married the widow Lydia S>nnmes, their publishment 
 being announced on Feb. 16, 1760, and a daughter, Sarah, was baptized Dec. 
 28, 1760. She lived to be 89 years old, and in her old age used to tell very 
 interesting stories of her childhood, which are remembered by her grand- 
 nephew Wallace P. Willett. The house in which she was born was not on 
 the same spot as the present dwelling, but occupied the site of the original 
 house. In her childhood, a heavy growth of oaks and hickories yet re- 
 mained near the river, and from the swamp the cries of wolves and other 
 wild animals were plainly heard at night. Her mother in turn had told her 
 of her own childhood in the ancient 'garrison house,' on the same spot 
 built of logs and surrounded by a stockade or wall of logs, some ten feet 
 high, with loopholes for musket fire in case of Indian attack. The Indians 
 were friendly 'and came frequently to the house for food and tobacco. Grad- 
 ually their attitude became less friendly and the dwellers in the lonely house 
 began to plan for their safety in case of an Indian assault. The cellar was 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 11 
 
 built up with logs, and by removing .some of these a little closet or cave was 
 dug and cleverly concealed. 
 
 One day, when the men were at work in the fields, and the mother of 
 the household was busy with her dinner, the little girl discovered Indians 
 landing from their canoes in war-paint and fullyarmed. The mother sawthat 
 it was impossible to give the alarm. Hurrying the children into the cellar, 
 she threw open the gate of the stockade, and dropped her hood and shawl 
 as though they had been lost in the flight of the family, then, rushing back, 
 she opened the log shelter and hid with her children. 
 
 The cunning ruse deceived the Indians. They entered, helped them- 
 selves to the dinner, and smoked at their leisure, doing no damage, how- 
 ever, to the house or furniture. Finally two or three sought the pork barrel 
 in the cellar, and the poor children nearly died from fright, lest the slightest 
 noise should betray their presence. But the Indians had no suspicion, and 
 having helped themselves from the friendly barrel, they withdrew, and the 
 whole band returned to their canoes. 
 
 This ancient tradition of the early days is a true picture, no doubt, of 
 the anxiety and fear which beset every family on the outskirts of the vil- 
 lages for many years. The statement that it was a garrison house is very 
 interesting. The committee for Essex Coxmty reported in March 1675-6 
 that Ipswich was well defended with its fort about the meeting house and 
 the garrison houses.' Tlie location of the latter is not given, but it is very 
 probable that the scattered families dwelling in this neighborliood would 
 have had at least one well defended house for a common refuge. 
 
 Richard Potter bequeathed his estate to his son Jonathan (proved Oct. 
 5, 1789. Pro. Rec. 360:290). James, the son of Jonathan, acquired the 
 interest of Julia Ann, who became the wife of Levi Willett (Aug. 28, 1832) 
 and Symmes, Oct. 30, 1837 (303:160). His widow, Mrs. Rhoda B. Potter, 
 sold the farm, now including the whole tract except the Norton lot, 30 acres 
 in all, to Capt. Symmes Potter, May 4, 1846 (368: 6). Asa Wade bought of 
 Capt. Potter, Feb. 12, 1857 (547:96) and the Walter Brown lot in 1863. 
 He sold to Charles A. Campbell, March, 20, 1894 (1406: 500), and he, in 
 turn, to George E. Barnard, Oct. 20, 1899 (1 591 : 475). Under the hand of 
 the last two owners, the ancient farm has become a beautiful estate, to 
 which the name Riverbend is happily given. 
 
 The thirteen acre lot, sold to Thomas Norton in 1733, was sold by 
 Daniel Potter to Moses Willett, Nov. 20, 1810(192:75). The administrator 
 of Willett sold "the Potter lot," ten and a quarter acres, to William Man- 
 ning, March 8, 1820 (270: 36). Mr. Manning built the house and barn and 
 lived here until his death. His heirs sold to George Fellows, Sept. 7, 1860 
 (612: 246), the Fellows heirs to Willard B. and William H. Kinsman, April 
 13, 1883 (1105: 201). Mr. Albert W. Smith bought of the Kinsman heirs. 
 May 24, 1894 (1412:499) and sold to Asa Bumham, Dec. 14, 1895 (1465: 
 274), Bumham to Mrs.La\ania A. Brown, April 15, 1902 (1670:312) who 
 conveyed to Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, wife of Chas. A. Campbell, Oct. 27, 
 
 1 Maes. Archives Book 68 leaf 184. Ipswich in Mass. Bay Colouy, pp. 207, 208. 
 
12 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL 's BROOK 
 
 1904 (1758:111). George E. Barnard bought the house and ten acres, but 
 the 23 acre "Smith lot" on the east side of the highway was retained by 
 Mr. Campbell, and is included in liis estate. 
 
 The remainder of the ancient Potter farm was in the possession of 
 Samuel Potter, as we have noted, in 1714. He bequeathed his estate to his 
 son Samuel, (proved Feb. 29, 1747 Pro. Rec. 327:508-9), but Richard sold 
 Samuel a 14 acre lot, fronting on the road, and bounded by Oliver and 
 Nathaniel Appleton's land on the south, April 3, 1775 (134:125). Moses 
 Willett acquired possession and the widow Martha sold at auction to her 
 sons George and Levi, and conveyed her dower as well, April 1, 1830 (257: 
 36). The Ipswich Bank foreclosed and took the property, and sold the 
 "Willett Farm" about 80 acres, to Daniel Whipple, April 7, 1840 (321:3). 
 Calvin Whipple sold to Harriet C. Smith, April 3, 1868 (744: 70), and her 
 heirs still own. 
 
 Rev. Nathaniel Rogers's Gravel Pit Pasture. 
 
 Returning now to the east side of the old liighway, the " Gravel Pit 
 Pasture" as it was called, including all the land from Saltonstall's brook to 
 "Parting Paths," was granted probably to Rev. Nathaniel Rogers. It 
 was sold by Daniel Rogers, his grandson, and son of Pres. John, to Jonathan 
 Wade, who bequeathed " the pasture I purchased of Mr. Daniel Rogers, 
 commonly called Gravel Pit Pasture," to his tliree granddaugliters. The 
 inventory gives its area as 20 acres but it was divided into three lots of 10 
 acres each. Tlie northern lot was assigned to Ehzabeth (Cogswell) Farley, 
 wife of Capt. Jolm Farley, the middle one to Abigail Cogswell, who mar- 
 ried Thomas Pickard of Rowley, the southern lot to Susanna Cogswell, 
 who became the wife of Moses Treadwell, in 1749 (Pro. Rec. 329:133). 
 
 Mr. Pickard sold the ten acres settled on his wife to Nathaniel Farley, 
 April 7, 1766(125:237), who conveyed to Abraham Choate, April 18,1769 
 (125:231). Samuel Kinsman was the next owner, and he sold to Asa 
 Baker, March 26, 1789 (149:264). Baker acquired the interest of Capt. 
 John Farley, the northern di\ision. In the distribution of his estate, ten 
 acre lots were set off to Dorcas Brown and Polly, the wife of Michael Brown, 
 April 6, 1814. After Michael's death, Polly sold the whole twenty acres 
 with the new dwelling and bam to Ira Worcester, reserving to the Town 
 right to dig gravel, April 23, 1841 (324 : 95). This pit was sold to Worcester 
 by the Town, Aug. 9, 1854 (509: 293). A brick powder house of the familiar 
 conical shape was built on the estate by the Town in 1792. Mr. Worcester 
 sold Jane Rowell the half acre lot on which she built a dweUing now owned 
 by Mr. Henry P. Homans, Aug. 31, 1865 (697: 274) and the remainder to 
 Ellen M. Burnham, wife of Frank H. Burnham, reserving right to the Town 
 to keep the powder house, April 18, 1871 (821: 150). The Town attached 
 no interest unfortunately to the picturesque structure, and it fell into ruin 
 and disappeared. Albert S. Brown purchased the estate from Mrs. 
 Burnham's heirs, Feb. 27, 1889 (1243: 514) and occupies it. 
 
 The third di\'ision was sold by Moses Treadwell and Susanna (Cogs- 
 
6- K 
 
 re t 
 ° > 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON 'S FARM. 13 
 
 well) to their brother-in-law Capt. John Farley, May 13, 1773 (138:151). 
 Executions against Farley were granted to John Adams, Benj. Merrill, 
 Aaron Perley andi Sarah Willet, July 10, 1820. (Exec. No. 3: 211, 212, 213a, 
 213b, 221). A six acre lot was assigned to Aaron Perley and sold by him 
 to Ira Worcester and was included in his transfer to Mrs. Burnham. Sarah 
 Willet was assigned an interest in one acre and Adams and Merrill received 
 the balance. Merrill sold his interest to Jeremiah Kimball, Jr., Jan. 24, 
 1824 (692:47). Adams sold to the same, March 24, 1824 (692: 46) and 
 Sarah Willet had already sold him her interest Novem. 24, 1823 (256:28). 
 Jeremiah gave the four acre lot thus acquired to his son, Charles Kimball, 
 Dec. 11, 1839 (692:47) who sold to Maynard Whittier, Dec. 26, 1873 (900: 
 105). Mr. Whittier built the house, and still makes his home here. 
 
 The Inner Common of the South Eighth. 
 
 Lots Nob. 14 to 19. 
 
 The great tract of pasture, meadow and swamp, bounded by County 
 Road, Essex Road, the Candlewood Road, Fellows Lane and Lakeman's 
 Lane, was a part of the common land of the Town, and when the great area 
 of common lands was divided into Eighths in 1709,' it became part of the 
 division known as the South Eighth. The South Eighth was divided again 
 into several sections, Gould's Pasture, Ringe's Pasture, Walker's Island, 
 etc. and this tract, bounded as above, which was known as The Inner Com- 
 mon or Pasture of the South Eighth. The Town voted in 1709, 
 
 "That any conunoner who has one or more rights and has built one 
 or more new houses in the place of old ones shall have only the right for 
 a new house which belonged to the old one." 
 
 The list of old and new commoners as they were styled was settled and 
 the right of pasturage in these commons was restricted to these commoners, 
 who were invariably residents of the section of the Town nearest to these 
 several Eigliths. A few years later, we find the proprietors of these Eighths 
 had become incorporated and each had its own organization, transacted 
 business and kept its own record. So far as known to me, the ancient 
 records of the "Thick Woods and Pigeon Hill Eighth," now in the posses- 
 sion of the heirs of D. F. Appleton, and the Jeffries Neck Eighth are the 
 only ones that have been preserved. About 1726, the proprietors of 
 the Inner Common began to apportion individual shares and gradually 
 division lines were run and individual titles were established. 
 
 Francis Crompton's Lot. 
 
 No. 14 on Diagram. 
 Beginning with the lot on the south corner of County Road and Essex 
 Road which is alluded to as the "Parting of the way leading to Chebacco," 
 in 1732 (61:115) and "y" parting of y* paths" in 1738 (77.23) Francis 
 
 1 See Ipswich in Mass. Bay Colony, p. 73, and Chap, on Common Lands. 
 
14 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 
 
 Crompton, the inn-keeper, whose famous hostelry was nearly opposit-e the 
 present Heard mansion, owned about 19 acres. By his will, (proved March 
 16, 1730, Pro. Rec. 319:209-212.) 9i acres on the corner of the Windmill 
 Hill Pastiu"e was assigned to his daughter Hannah Perkins. A 5^ acre lot 
 adjoining and fronting on the way to Chebacco was assigned to Ann Cromp- 
 ton and 4 acres, the eastern lot, was settled on the widow Hannah. 
 
 The daughters sold their interest to Thomas Manning, the blacksmith, 
 Dec. 1, 1732 (61:115). He bequeathed to his sons, Joseph and Richard 
 (will proved May 23, 1737 Pro. Rec. 322: 49-53). Dr. Joseph's half in- 
 cluded the land on the comer, Richard's half faced the County Road, south 
 of Joseph's. The widow Crompton's third was sold to Philemon Dane prior 
 to 1742 (104: 77 "Dane's other land") whose heirs conveyed to Dr. Manning 
 in 1758, 1762 and 1764 (116:121, 122). The deed of Paul Little of Fal- 
 mouth describes it as "the house and garden I purchased of James Dean," 
 but no other allusion to the dwelling occurs and it must have disappeared 
 about this time. Dr. Joseph Manning purchased a six acre lot of his 
 brother, Richard, June 1, 1768 (123:169) and an orchard lot of one acre, 
 Nov. 6, 1770 (123:194). By this purchase he became the owner of the en- 
 tire Crompton lot. 
 
 He sold it in three lots to his son Jacob, March 1, 1779 (138:93) Feb. 1, 
 1781, and July 8, 1782 (141:7). Jacob conveyed to Dr. John Manning, 
 Nov. 16, 1804 (175:119), Manning sold to Thomas Beckford, Jan. 4, 1805 
 (175:249), Beckford to John Heard, Feb. 25, 1814 (209:105), Heard to 
 Richard Potter, Nov. 2, 1832 (276:195). Potter sold the lot containing 
 16 acres or more with buildings' to Henry Wilson, Jr., April 30, 1846 (374: 
 105). Other transfers followed, to S. S. Skinner, March 31, 1847 (485:128), 
 to Daniel C. Manning of Salem, May 21, 1862 (637:235), to Jolm C. Carlisle, 
 April 1, 1865 (682:55). Ira B. Carlisle, bro. of John, conveyed it to Wm. G. 
 Brown and Abram D. Wait, April 4, 1871 (822:269). 
 
 The lot was divided by tliem. Land on the corner and the buildings 
 were sold to William Kimball, Sept. 14, 1877 (984:7). His widow and 
 daughters sold their interest in 8 acres to William Kimball, Jr., son of the 
 deceased, March 15, 1887 (1193:113). Mr. Lewis H. Pingree purchased 
 the interest of William in the house and a part of the land, March 13, 
 1906 (1817:246). Mr. Kimball sold the remainder of the lot to George 
 E. Barnard, Oct. 19, 1906 (1846:105). 
 
 A small lot, 200 ft. front, 100 ft. deep, on County Road, was sold to 
 Alfred Norman, Sept. 11, 1875 (936: 165) who conveyed to Margaret Buzzell 
 wife of Isaac, Feb. 3, 1877 (970:214). A house was built which is still 
 owned by the Buzzell heirs. 
 
 A larger lot, south of the Buzzell lot, was sold to Wallace P. Willett, 
 Aug. 30, 1875 (936:246) and was included in his sale to Frances E. Richard- 
 son, May 17, 1902, which will be noted more particularly in the sketch of the 
 adjoining lot. The remains of the ancient stone wall, which formed the 
 original boundary of the Crompton lot, are still in place. 
 
 ' The liouse had been nuived from the Sturgis lot to this site. 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 15 
 
 Rev. John Rogers's Lot. 
 
 No. 15 on Diagram. 
 
 Ten acres adjoining tlie Crompton lot were "laid out," as the phrase 
 was, in the division of the Common to Rev. John Rogers, Pastor of the Ips- 
 wich Church, and sold by him to Thomas Norton, Jun., Oct. 16, 1741 (82: 
 277). In t!ie division of his estate, the Rogers Pasture, so called; on Wind- 
 mill Hill, v/as assigned to the widow, Mary. (Pro. Rec. 330:426.) It was 
 acquired by Thomas, the eldest son, who sold it to Joseph Apple ton, measur- 
 ing eight and a quarter acres. March 10, 1767 (123:107). Norton owned 
 the next lot, as well, and he may have changea the original lines, or what is 
 more likely, as Mr. Norton was a Harvard graduate and a school master, 
 he may have surveyed the lot and determined its actual size. The traces 
 of an old stone wall probably mark the original southern line of the Rogers 
 Pasture. 
 
 Thomas Appleton, son and heir of Joseph, sold the Rogers Pasture to 
 John Crocker, April 7, 1787 (146:270), who sold to Aaron Smith, Feb. 12, 
 1788 (147:133). Smith sold to Amos Jones 3 acres on May 23, 1817 (217: 
 203) and the remaining 5 acres, Dec. 9, 1818 (233:10). The heirs of Jones 
 sold to Patrick Riley, May 18, 1870 (798:79), who conveyed to Wallace P. 
 Willett, Sept. 20, 1880 (1045:211), who already owned a part of the Man- 
 ning lot as has been mentioned. He sold 5 acres, which included the latter 
 and part of the Rogers Pasture, to Frances E., wife of Francis H. Richard- 
 eon, May 17. 1902 (1676:384). The Richardson house stands on the Rogers 
 land. 
 
 Thomas Norton Senior's Lot. 
 
 No. 16 on Diagram. 
 
 The third lot in the old South Eighth Pasture was laid out to Thomas 
 Norton, Sr. and was owned by Thos. Norton, Jr. in 1741. Joseph Appleton 
 acquired possession and it fell to his heirs, as well as the lot already con- 
 sidered. Thomas Appleton, son of Joseph, sold to John Crocker, Jr. a five 
 acre lot, April 9, 1787 (146:270) and a smaller one of an acre and three 
 quarters, Dec. 13, 1787 (146:107) which may have been part of the third 
 original division and Crocker sold both to Daniel Ross, Feb. 10, 1789. Ross 
 was a Revolutionary soldier and a cabinet maker by trade. His residence, 
 known later as the Parsons house, still stands on the corner of Elm and 
 County Sts. He clung tenaciously to the old order and wore his cue and 
 small clothes as long as he lived. His tools are in the possession of the His- 
 torical Society. As he acquired the adjoining land, the history of this lot 
 is included in that of its neighbors. 
 
 Joseph Appleton sold 6 acres to Alexander Troop, who lived on the 
 Essex Road, on the lot now known as the " Hobson lot," Jan. 20, 1791 (152: 
 180). Troop also owned the lot, fronting on the Essex Road, and reaching 
 back of several of the lots which had their frontage on the County Road. 
 His heirs sold the whole lot, including 15 acres, to John Farley, Junior, 
 and Thomas Farley, the tanners, who lived near the site of the Parsonage. 
 
16 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTOXSTALL S BROOK 
 
 Their barn and tan house and other buildings used by Josiah Stackpole as a 
 soap factory, were torn down in 1906, and the Giles Firmin garden laid out 
 on the site' The Parleys sold to Amos Jones, Feb. 17. 1820 (223:160). 
 Thomas Wade acquired it, and by an exchange of adjoining land, conveyed 
 the title to Daniel Ross, May 22, 1824 (235:184) who owned already the 
 land on the north and south. 
 
 Robert Calef s Lot. 
 
 No. IT on Diagram. 
 The next original lot, assigned apparently to Robert Calef, owned by 
 his heirs in 1742, was sold by John Calef to John Appleton, 4J acres, Nov. 
 6, 1752 (98:36). His son "William, heir of his estate, sold to Stephen Brown, 
 March 16, 1807 (180:122), who sold to Daniel Ross, March 29, 1817 (213: 
 28). The old soldier, ha\'ing acquired a goodly 19 acre tract by his suc- 
 cessive purchases, sold the whole to Capt. Symmes Potter, Sept. 18, 1838 
 (308:91), who bequeathed it with his other lands to his sister, Mrs. Julia P. 
 Willett. Her son, Wallace P. inherited at her death. 
 
 Thomas Manning's Lot. 
 
 No. 18 on Diagram. 
 
 Thomas Manning, the blacksmith, who bought the 20 acre lot on "Part- 
 ing Paths" from Mr. Crompton, was assigned a lot of equal size, which is 
 included in Charles A. Campbell's estate. In his will (proved May 23, 
 1737 Pro. Rec. 322: 49-53), he bequeathed to his son Richard, his shop, 
 bam and all his blacksmith tools, his negro man, Daniel, and a full third 
 of the tract laid out to him in the Inner Common. He gave a third to his 
 son John, and another to Joseph. The sons agreed to a division, Richard 
 taking the lot adjoining the Calef land, Joseph the next, and John the 
 third, on the corner of Lakeman's Lane, May 24, 1738 (77:23). | 
 
 The Richard Manning lot was owned later by Robert and John Potter. 
 The administrator of Robert sold his interest to Stephen Brown, 3"^, April 
 
 8, 1778 (149:262). Joseph Boardman sold a quarter interest in this lot to 
 Walter Brown, son of Stephen, April 2, 1824 (235:69), and he acquired a 
 complete title. His administrator sold the lot, 6 acres, to Asa Wade, June 
 
 9, 1863 (652:179) who sold to Chas. A. Campbell, Mar. 20, 1894 (1406:500). 
 
 Dr. Joseph Manning acquired his brother's third and his son, Dr. John 
 "for love and affection paid me by my daughter and one dollar," conveyed 
 12 acres to Lucretia Smith, the wife of Asa, May 14, 1806 (179:169). 
 Asa and Lucretia Smith sold to Richard Manning, May 22, 1817 (213:154). 
 In the inventory of Richard (Pro. Rec. 397:548, Jime 7, 1821) it is entered 
 as "about eleven acres of land called the common lot," but in the con- 
 veyance by Richard Manning's heirs to William Manning, it is called the 
 Smith lot, Jan. 24, 1833 (270:37). 
 
 Mr. Manning enlarged the lot by the purchase of the Birch Pasture, 
 BO called, 9 acres, from George FeUows, of Salem, one of the heirs of Eph- 
 raim Fellows, Jan. 8, 1833 (270:38). His heirs sold the homestead on the 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLP:TOx'.S FARM, 17 
 
 opposite side of County Road and the 23 acres to George Fellows, who 
 removed from Salem and spent his last years near the place of his birth, 
 Sept. 7, 1860 (612:2-16). His heirs sold to Willard B. and WiUiam H. Kins- 
 man, April 13, 18S3 (1105:201) and the 23 acre lot was included in the 
 successive conveyances to Albert W. Smitli, May 24, 1S94 (1412:499), to 
 Asa Burnham, Dec. 14, 1895 (1465:274) to Mre. Lavinia A. Brown, April 
 15, 1902 (1070:312) and to Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, wife of Charles A., Oct. 
 27, 1904 (1758:111). Mr. Campbell also purchased of W. P. Willett three 
 and a third acres, part of the original Calef lot, Oct. 12, 1900 (1621:444). 
 The beautiful mansion on this estate, which bears the appropriate name of 
 Fairview, was built in 1900. 
 
 Thomas Firman's Lot. 
 
 No. 19 on Diagram. 
 The natural boundary of the Inner Common of the South Eighth, of 
 which we have been speaking, on the south side, would seem to have been 
 the water course, variously known as Mile Brook or River, or The Mile 
 Brook or "the river that runneth, out of the great Pond," or Annable's 
 Brook occasionally, or Saw Mill Brook. As there were other brooks called 
 Two Mile Brook and Three Mile Brook, the length of the stream seems 
 to have suggested the name. 
 
 But for some reason which can not be guessed even, a generous tract 
 of land bordering on the brook, reaching from the present County Road to 
 the Candlewood road, was granted at a very early date to three men. 
 Thomas Firman was the earliest known owner of a tract which was sold for 
 twenty acres, in 1647, but a little later for forty acres. Richard Saltonstall, 
 Esq. owned a forty acre tract on the east side of Firman's, which was sold 
 by his heirs as fifty acres a century later and John Andrews owned from 
 Saltonstall's line to the Candlewood road. Each of these will be considered 
 in due time, but at present we are concerned only with the Firman lot. 
 
 Firman sold twenty acres upland and meadow, bounded by the Mile 
 brook southwest, the Saltonstall pasture southeast and " the rest on common 
 ground," to Thomas Low and Edward Bragg, Oct. 27, 1647 (Ips. Deeds 1: 
 35). Bragg eventually disposed of his interest and Low sold or bequeathed 
 the whole lot to his son John. Of these transfers no record remains. 
 
 John Low, Senior, and Dorcas, sold 10 acres to Joseph Fellows, Jan. 
 1, 1689 (10:8) and 30 acres to his son John, Junior, reserving to his own 
 use 2 acres next the brook, Oct. 10, 1692 (10:148). John Jr. sold 4 
 acres to Ruth Fellows, widow of Joseph, Dec. 7, 1693 (10:5). The small 
 two acre lot bounded by the Bay Road west, and Mile brook south, came 
 into the possession of Thorndike Low, son of John. The remainder of the 
 farm was sold by John Low, Junior, measuring forty acres, with all the 
 buildings, "y« easterly side upon y^ common land of the Town of Ipswich 
 and northwesterly upon sd. common," to Abraham Tilton, Jun., Novem. 
 19, 1699 (15:296) who sold to Thomas Manning, the locksmith, who owned 
 the two large lots which have been considered, February 1706-7 (19:153). 
 
18 THE OLD HAT ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL'S BROOK 
 
 In his will (proved May 23, 1737 Pro. Rec. 322:49-53) he directed, "I give 
 to my son, John Manning, all that my farm I bought of Abraham Tilton, 
 containing 50 acres, be it more or less, with all tlie buildings standing 
 upon it." 
 
 Tliorndike Low's two acres and buildings had come into the possession 
 of Eliezer Foster, who sold or mortgaged his modest estate to Capt. Daniel 
 Ringe, March 27, 1722 (39:245) but acquired it again, Oct. 5, 1727 (49:254). 
 On March 3, 1741 (84:1 ) he sold to John Manning his neighbor, " my dwell- 
 ing and land containing about four acres being the same I purchased of Capt. 
 Daniel Ringe, and the land I purchased of Simon Wood, Thomas Wade 
 and Jonathan Fellows, Committee to the Proprietors in the South Eighth." 
 
 John Manning's will (proved Sept. 11, 1775 Pro. Rec. 351:335) be- 
 queathed half the farm, now estimated as about 60 acres, to his son John, 
 and a quarter to each of the other sons, Thomas and Richard. John Man- 
 ning, Jr. bequeathed to liis sons Richard and William in equal parts "one 
 undivided half of about sixty acres, lying in common with John Manning, 
 3d." His inventory includes "one dwelling house and other buildings, 
 with 81 rods vuider and adjoining, as well as the undivided half of the farm," 
 April, 1814 (Pro. Rec. 385:168, 232). Richard acquired his brother's in- 
 terest and at his death, Judith, his widow, and the sons, Daniel C. and 
 George, then residents of Salem, sold their interest to William, son of Rich- 
 ard, including the "Smith lot," the purchase of which by Richard has been 
 already noted, Jan. 24, 1833 (270:37). William Manning, bought tlie lot 
 on the west side of County Road and built a new home and sold his house 
 and 29 acres to Alfred Manning, April 26, 1858 (569:235), who conveyed to 
 J. Frank Smith, May 9, 1873 (881:174). Smith sold the farm "40 acres 
 tillage and meadow with buildings" to William L. Sturgis, the present 
 owner, April 20, 1877 (974:256). 
 
 The eastern half of the John Manning farm, bequeathed to Richard 
 and Thomas, was owned eventually by Richard. His son Richard, Jr., of 
 Salem, conveyed to John Manning, 3*^, his right to the farm, one half and 
 one acre more, undivided with his brother John, May 8, 1795 (160:23). Mr. 
 Ebenezer Fall married Abigail the daughter of John Manning. At the 
 decease of Mr. Manning, John W. Dodge and his wife Sarah (Manning) sold 
 their interest to Mr. Fall, March 13, 1845 (882:266) and a small lot, ad- 
 joining. May 7, 1859 (882: 267). He sold the farm to Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown 
 June 10, 1905 (1783:278). The present dwelling was built by John Man- 
 ning, S<^. 
 
 The Bay Road, it has been said, was laid out in 1640 by a Committee 
 acting under the direction of the General Court in the precise location 
 County Road occupies to-day. The road was defiiied "by marked trees 
 over Mr. Appletons meadow, called Parlye Meadow & from thence by Mr. 
 Hubbards farm house." The low, swampy ground, over which a broad 
 causeway has since been built in Ipswich and Hamilton, was an embarras- 
 sing obstacle to travel. 
 
 But the task of constructing a proper highway was begun about the 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON'S FARM. 19 
 
 time when the road was formally laid out. The Town Record, under the 
 date, The 4''* of the 2 mo. 1643 contains the item, 
 
 "Granted to Mr. William Hubbard the p'cell of land viewed by Mr. 
 
 Appleton and George Giddings containing about 50 acres 25 whereof 
 
 is in consideration of the highway that leadeth through his farme and 
 
 the other 25 acres are for work to l)e done towards making the great 
 
 swamp sufficient. Mr. Saltonstall Mr. Appleton Robert Andrews and 
 
 George Giddings are to pportion the work." 
 
 Presumably the work was done and the Long Bridge or corduroy, which 
 
 gave the name Long Bridge Swamp to the locality, may have been built at 
 
 that time. 
 
 It has been a matter of current tradition that in order to avoid this 
 swamp, the original highway left the present County Road near the bridge 
 over Mile River and followed Lakeman's Lane and Fellows Lane, and a 
 way over land now owned by James H. Proctor to Mile River, where a 
 bridge was built with long causeways on either side at a very early dat«, 
 and then on the liigh groimd on the south side of Mile River to the main 
 road again. 
 
 A grant of 40 acres had been made to Richard Jacob "on the north- 
 west syde the River that runneth out of the great pond" before 1638 and 
 this substantial bridge and causeway gave easy access to his house, which 
 was erected on the lot, near the bridge. 
 
 More detailed study of this ancient bridge and the highways which 
 led to it will be made when the lands adjacent are considered. At present 
 it may be noted that the first trace of a public highway in this locality oc- 
 curs in the vote of the Town on Dec. 6, 1658. "Ordered, that George Gid- 
 dings and Edward Brag are apoynted to lay out a highway through Mr. 
 Saltingstall's 40 acres and a pt. of Jo. Andrews his farm to the Bridge over 
 the River to Rich. Jacobs House, a rod and a half wide." 
 
 A road already existed, no doubt, before this date, as the bridge was 
 already built. Mr. Saltonstall's forty acres is now included in James 
 H. Proctor's large estate. The John Andrews farm was owned afterwards 
 by William Fellows and his heirs and is now included in the farm of 
 Benjamin R. Horton. The way thus laid out is evidently the present 
 Fellows Lane, from the Candlewood road to the old cart path leading 
 toward Mile River that is still in use, across the land of the Daniel Appleton 
 heirs. No mention is made of laying out a way from the Bay Road to 
 this old causeway and bridge. But a way existed and was in common use, 
 as appears from the complaint made by some inhabitants of Ipswich and 
 Wenham in July, 1727, "that there hath been an highway used for 60 or 
 70 years from Mr. Appleton's mill' in that part of Ipswich towards Che- 
 bacco," now closed by the proprietors of the commons, etc.* 
 
 This old way, then, was undoubtedly in use in 1657, but the broad 
 high way over Mile River and through the Appleton Farm was laid out in 
 
 * Major Appleton's saw mill was on the South side of the Mile River, near the 
 bridge. 
 
 2 Records Gen. Sessions Court, pp. 53 and 59, 1727. 
 
20 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL *S BROOK 
 
 1640, and a substantial thoroughfare, no doubt, had been constructed 
 many years before the other road was established. It may be possible, to 
 be sure, that for a few years the travelled path avoided the swamp by cross- 
 ing the river at the Jacobs farm, but no evidence exists to substantiate the 
 suggestion. 
 
 The complaint just mentioned was made to the Selectmen. Failing of 
 any relief, the complainants carried their case to the General Session Court, 
 affirming that this road was "of Great use to that part of the Town to go to 
 their market and about their occasions and for them and many others to go 
 to their farms and lands in that part of the Town,' wliich way the proprie- 
 tors of Ipswich have stopped up by fencing in their Divisions of Common 
 for the opening of which the Petitioners made their application." The 
 Court appointed a Committee of three to make inspection and proper in- 
 quiries. This was done forthwith, and a report was made " that the way 
 used and petitioned for is of more benefit to the petitioners and others than 
 damage to the Proprietors." 
 
 The Town or the Proprietors failed to take any action, and the Court 
 proceeded' to appoint a Committee " to open the old way above mentioned 
 by laying out the same two rods wide." The Committee reported, July 17, 
 1728.^ "We have laid out said way as foUoweth, beginning near said mill 
 where the old way leadeth toward Chebacco & so staked said way Two 
 rods wide till it cometh to the Road leading from the Country Road to 
 Chebacco," i. e., for the most part the present Fellows Lane. 
 
 But now Thomas Manning, whose land was cut by the road, became an 
 aggrieved party and he complained to the Court in 1735 that "he is de- 
 barred from improving a quantity of land next Elder Foster's land," and 
 asked that the highway might be relocated. This was referred to a Com- 
 mittee and report was made, July 8, 1735.^ A new location was made, 
 beginning at Eliezer Foster's fence, crossing his land about 3 rods from the 
 northerly corner of his barn by Manning's fence to the road, which was 
 atlopted. 
 
 But once again the good offices of the Court were sought in 1741. On 
 August 11, "Upon reading the petition of Symonds Epes, Jonathan Wade, 
 Esqrs & sundry others, that the way leading from the Saw Mill Bridge 
 to Chebacco Road now going up the Hill before Mr. Eleazer Foster's House 
 hath by long experience been found very inconvenient by reason of the 
 length and heigth of the Hill praying that it may go in upon Mr. John Man- 
 ning's land where it will be very convenient to the Improvers etc.," a 
 Committee was again appointed. It reported that John Manning lay out 
 the highway through his own land. John Maiming reported on Jan. 19, 
 1741-2 that he had laid out a way 2 rods wide all along by the southwest- 
 erly side of Dr. Joseph Manning's land, being about 36 rods on the land from 
 the Country road to the former way leading towards Chebacco.* Here it 
 remains, now bearing the name Lakeman's Lane. 
 
 » P. 74, Court Records. * P. 81, Court Records. ' P. 390, Court Records. 
 ♦ P. 747, Court Records. 
 
AND SAMUKL APPLETOX'S FARM. 21 
 
 The ancient road evidently ascended the hill on the Sturgis property 
 near the bridge. Faint traces of it are still visible and on the slope of the 
 hill, a little way from the main road, the site of a house is easily seen, and 
 the well near by. This may have been the ancient Thorndike Lowe dwell- 
 ing afterwards owned by Eleazer Foster or perhaps the original John Lowe 
 dwelling on the Manning farm. 
 
22 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL's BROOK 
 
 Samuel Appleton's Farm. 
 
 No. 20 on Diagraui. 
 "Granted Mr. Samuel Appleton by the company of freemen . . . 
 a farnie containing foure hundred and sixty acres more or less medow 
 and upland as it lyeth bounded by the River commonly called the 
 Mile brook on the Northeast and by the great River on the Northwest 
 on the West in part by the Land of William Warener and by a swamp 
 on the Southeast and partly also at the same end by the Land of Hugh 
 Sherrat to enjoy all the sayd Landes to him his heirs and assigns 
 forever. Entered into the Town booke folio 16 the 20*'' of December 
 1638." 
 
 "The farme further bounded from the Land of William Warener 
 by markt trees and a water course and then [ ] markt trees to the 
 gate standing upon the high [ ] leading to Salem from thence as 
 the fence runs [ ] the aspes and soe with a strayt line to the brook." 
 It will be noted that Dec. 20"^ 1638 is the date of the entry of the grant, 
 not of the grant itself. This is unknown. Under the date Feb. 13"^, 1636, 
 the entry in the Town Record occurs. "Granted to John Severance, a six 
 acre planting lott on the farr side the Brooke, and on this side Appletons 
 farme." It is also recorded that certain lands were granted to Thomas 
 Wells in the year 1635, but the entry was made on June 1, 1638. The fre- 
 quent allusions to Folios of various numbers in the earliest records and to 
 old books, which had been copied, show that the contemporaneous record 
 of Town votes does not exist. In fact, the first volume of our present 
 Town Records is a composite work, compiled by the late Nathaniel R. 
 Farley from two ancient books of record, identical in considerable degree, 
 yet with marked differences, the character and critical historic value of 
 which are yet to be determined. The date of the grant of this great farm 
 cannot be decided, therefore, and may be coincident with the arrival of 
 Mr. Appleton. 
 
 It is recorded, under the date 2°'* day of March, 1637. 
 "All those that have planting ground by the River side beyond Mr. 
 Appleton 's are to take the lott layers and lay out a highway as may be 
 most convenient as themselves can best agree and return it to the eleven 
 men." 
 
 This alludes undoubtedly to the road now called Waldingfield Road 
 which led to the river lots of William Warner, Mark Quilter and others 
 and the great 1200 acre farm of Richard Saltonstall, Esq. It was not 
 much of a highway in the modern sense of the term as the east end of 
 Quilters 20 acres came "up to a path leading to I^Ir. Saltonstalls farm."' 
 In 1648, Mr. Appleton received the grant of "a little p'cell of land 
 lying by the Highway leading to his farm by the Pequid lotts,"^ and in 
 
 » Town Record, 1638. 
 
 * Granted to the men who marched against the Pequode. They have not been 
 located. 
 
AND SAMUIOL APPLETON's FARM. 23 
 
 1650, there was ''gran teil to Mr. Aplcton a p 'cell of ground (in full satis- 
 faction for the Country highway going through his farm) beyonti the 
 swamp to make his fence strai<iht not exceeding eight acres."' He ac- 
 qmred also Parlye's meadow. 
 
 Samuel Apple; on died in June 1070, in Rowley, where it is supposed 
 he made his home the latter years of his life with his daughter Sarah, wife 
 of the Rev. Samuel Phillips. It may be that he made conveyance of his 
 farm before his death, as John Appleton, his elder son, sold Anthony Potter 
 IG acre-!, bounded by Mile brook on the east, the Mill River on the north 
 and land of Lieut. Samuel Appleton west, Dec. 22, 1664 (Ips. Deeds 2: 408) 
 and Lieut. Samuel, his younger son, sold Jolm Adams, a house and 20 acres 
 "near Samuels farm," Dec. 2, 166) (Ips. Deeds 2:.5L3). With the excep- 
 tion of the 16 acre lot which his brother sold to Anthony Potter, Samuel 
 seems to have owned the whole farm. He conveyed 18 acres more to 
 Anthony Potter, 10-11-1681 (Ips. Deeds 3:486). 
 
 Here Major Appleton made his home in his declining years. His public 
 services had been great and arduous, as a military commander,an Assistant, 
 antl an uncompromising opponent of Gov. Andros.^ He owned a house in 
 the town of Ijswich, but preferred the farm. He had a saw mill, which 
 abutted on the southeast corner of the bridge, known sometimes as Saw 
 Mill Bridge or Mile Jlrook Bridge, and the mill pond flowed the low ground 
 over several acres probably. 
 
 The name, Appleton's Bridge, was also in use. On March 2'^, 1762, 
 Oliver Appleton, who owned the saw mill, and others, j)etitioned the 
 Town concerning the bridge. On May 13"", it was voted that "Col. Choate, 
 Capt. Farley, and Capt. Baker be a Committee to take a view of Appleton's 
 Bridge, & consider the expediency of building sd bridge into a stone bridge, 
 and inquire what difference in cost between a Plank Bridge and a Rock 
 Bridge and report as soon as may be.'' The Committee reported on 
 July 2"'*, and the Town voted, " That said bridge be built into a Rock 
 bridge in the most prudent, expeditious and effectual manner, the abut- 
 ments & pier & covering rock at ye expense & charge of ye Town, said 
 bridge to be built on y*' place where it is now began." Col. John Choate 
 and Capt. Isaac Smith, wlio owned the Col. Samuel Appleton farm, were 
 appointed the building Committee. The bridge is still in use and ante- 
 dates the Choate Bridge by two years. 
 
 Samuel Appleton's sons also settled on the great farm. To John, he 
 conveyed by deed a house, and a goodly portion of land on Novem. 12, 
 1688 (Ips. Deeds 5:299) and a similar portion without a dwelling to Isaac 
 on the same date (11:108). He died in his quiet farm house in 1696. His 
 ^vill, which was proved June 16, 1696 (Pro. Rec. 305:168), confirmed to 
 John and Isaac the portions they had already received and divided the re- 
 mainder to his widow Mary, and his sons, Samuel and Oliver, with a provi- 
 sion for the distribution of Bridge croft after his wife's decease. 
 
 ' Town Record. 
 
 *See IpBwich In the Mast. Bay Colony, for the history of hie public •ervices. 
 
24 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTOXSTALL's BROOK 
 
 The Isaac Appleton Farm. 
 
 The farm allotted to Isaac has continued in his direct line to the present 
 day. He bore the title of Major and he had a part in the military opera- 
 tions of his time. He died May 22, 1747, and bequeathed the farm to hia 
 son Isaac. The will was refuse 1 allowance, on the ground of his lack of 
 mental soundness, but was eventually approved in 1785 (Pro. Rec. 328: 
 211-215). 
 
 Isaac, son of the Major, lived to the great age of 91 years. He died 
 Dec. IS, 1791, bequeathing his estate to his son, Samuel, by his will, provei 
 Jan. 5, 1795. The old house built by Major Isaac was replaced by the 
 present dwelling on the same site, which was built by Samuel in 1794. 
 
 Samuel's will, proved June 1819 (Pro. Rec. 393:529-30), divided the 
 farm betv/een his sons Samuel Oilman and Timothy. Samuel died on July 
 2, 1852, at the age of 81. Timothy survived five years, and died on the 
 22"'! of March, 1857, at the age of 78. Gen. James, their brother, removed 
 from Portland after Samuel Oilman's death and bought the interests of tlie 
 surviving heirs. His life had been active and conspicuous. His military 
 career began while he was residing in Oloucester, during the war of 1812. 
 He rose through all the grades and became Brigadier-Oeneral of the Massa- 
 chusetts militia. As business affairs promised well in Portland, he re- 
 moved thither and became prominent in public life. He was an influen- 
 tial member of the State Legislature, where he introduced the Prohibitory 
 Law, althougli the credit of its inception has been given to Neal Dow, and 
 became an enthusiastic leader in the Temperance work. He retired from 
 public life on his removal to the ancestral farm, but retained his interest in 
 public affairs, and made a memorable address to the Ipswich companj^ at 
 the depot, when it started for the front, at the beginning of the Civil War. 
 
 Oen. James Appleton died Aug. 25, 1862 and his son, Daniel Fuller 
 Appleton, acquired the interest of the other heirs, and made his summer 
 home at the farm until his death in 1904. His son, Francis Randall, suc- 
 ceeded him in the ownership of the ancient domain. 
 
 Rev. John Cotton Smith, D. D., who had married Harriette Apple- 
 ton, daughter of Gen. James, built a summer cottage near the homestead, 
 which received the name, Briar Hill. It is still occupied by the heirs. 
 
 The John Appleton Farm. 
 
 John, son of Major Samuel, died in 1724, at the age of 29, and by his 
 will, proved June 8, 1724 (Pro. Rec. 315:107-9) devised his estate to his 
 son Benjamin. Benjamin's widow, Elizabeth fVVade), was appointed ad- 
 ministratrix, March 1, 1731 (Pro. Rec. 318:74). The heirs sold to Dan- 
 ielDeane or Dane, Jan. 13, 1752 (97:322). Mr. Dane conveyed it to hisson^ 
 Nathan Dane, the famous Professor of Law at Harvard, April 4, 1780 
 (139:57). He was bom in the year 1752, and he may have seen the light, as 
 it has been affirmed, in the ancient dwelling whichstill stands, though the 
 timbers of the house indicate that it is not the original dwelling built by 
 
AXD SAMUEL APPLETOX'S FARM. 25 
 
 John Appleton. Nathan Dane enlarged his farm by the purchase of 
 about 31 acres with a clwelUng on the east side of County Road, bounded 
 by the land of Oliver Appleton. north, and Mile River, east, from the 
 guardian of Jacob Bro'.vn,a person non compos mentis. June 30, 1790 (152: 
 33). This lot was a part of the original Jacobs farm. Thomas Jacobs had 
 bequeathed the farm, containing about 50acres,to Abigail, wife of Thomas 
 Brown, which Thomas and Abigail Brown conveyed to Jacob Brown, Feb. 
 21, 1758 (123:42). Jacob built the house undoubtedly. On July 13, 
 1802 (177:89), Mr. Dane sold to Samuel Safford and it has always been 
 affirmed that Daniel Safford, of Boston, who built the fence around Bos- 
 ton Common was born in the old house, which still remains. An engraving 
 of this dwelling forms the frontispiece to his biography. The Safford 
 heirs sold to Benjamin Patch. Dec. 25, 1816 (211:203) and April 19, 1817 
 (214: 66, 67). Mr. Patch sold at once the 30 acre lot, which Jacob Brown 
 had owned and occupied, to Benjamin and Samuel Patch, April 22, 1817 
 (226: 82). The original John Appleton farm remained in his possession 
 until his death. The administrator of his estate sold a 20 acre lot to Asa 
 Wade, who sold to his son Henry F. Wade. He sold to D. F. Appleton, Jan. 
 6, 1868 (740: 158) and it is now owned by Francis R. Appleton. Henry 
 Wilson and Lucy his wife, heir of Benj. Patch, sold to D. F. Appleton a 
 small acre and a half lot, Nov. 23, 1866 (732:82) and ten acres, April 8, 
 1S69 (772:178). They also sold 12 acres to Francis R. Appleton, De- 
 cember 18, 1874 (920:129). The remainder of the farm, 80 acres, with 
 the old house, was sold by Mr. and Mrs. Wilson to Daniel Fuller Appleton, 
 Jan. 2, 1890 (1269:156) who conveyed to his son, James W. Appleton, 
 Feb. 15, 1894 (1402:278) and he in turn, to his brother Francis. 
 
 Reverting to the 30 acre lot between County Road and Mile River, 
 6 acres fell to Sally Annable. Daniel Annable and other heirs conveyed 
 tl-.ree-fiftlis of this to Samuel and George Patch, Jan. 1, 1824 (234:138) and 
 Ira Dunnels and wife conveyed a quarter interest to the same, April 20, 
 1824 (235:277). Another 6 acre lot was conveyed by George Patch to Eph- 
 raim Patch, Feb. 26, 1845 (620:38). His administrator sold the southern 
 half of this lot to the widow. Lucy Patch, March 20, 1861 (620:39) and the 
 rest to Henry Wilson. Mr. Wilson sold to Albert S. Brown, July 1, 1864 
 (678:226) and Mrs. Patch sold her interest to him, Dec. 21, 1868 (762:128). 
 Mr. Brown sold the whole lot to D. F. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889 (1248:504) 
 and Mr. Appleton conveyed to his son Francis, Aug. 7, 1894 (1420:153). 
 The old Jacob Brown cellar is still visible on this lot. 
 
 The Samuel Appleton Farm. 
 Samuel, eldest son of Major Samuel, attained the rank of Colonel in 
 active ser^'ice in Nova Scotia and elsewhere and was a conspicuous citizen. 
 His will was proved, Nov. 25, 1725 (Pro. Rec. 315: 307) and it made his son 
 Samuel, the fourth of the name in successive generations, a merchant of 
 Boston, his heir. He died in London of smallpox, Dec. 21, 1728. Jasper 
 Waters, and Jasper Waters, Jun., drapers of London, brought suit against 
 
26 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALl's BROOK 
 
 his estate and gained possession, April 2, 1731 (97:86). Their attorney 
 sold the farm to Isaac Smith and Nathan Chapman. July 25, 1751 (97:88). 
 Mr. Smith had bought the saw mill near by, Feb. 24, 1745 (88:156). 
 They sold 28i acres abutting on the Daniel Dane farm to Isaac Appleton 
 and Philip Brown, March 10, 1752 (99:157) and on March 25. 1752 (104: 
 215) Capt. Smith bought Chapman's interest. His son, Samuel, bought 
 the interest of the other heirs, and acquired the title, Feb. 10, 1S14 (20.3:8). 
 The farm had preserved nearly its original dimension down to this time, but 
 was now dismembered. On May 27, 180.3, some years before he acquired his 
 title to the farm, Samuel Smith sold 10 1 acres of pasture land to Manasseh 
 Dodge (210:67), and some years later, he sold 23| acres adjoining the above 
 to Benjamin Dodge. Winthrop L. Dodge inherited and sold the two lots 
 to Oliver Underhill, April 11, 1860 (679:81). AVilliam Willcomb and his 
 wife Laura (Underhill) in her own right sold 5 acres of meadow and the 33 
 acres of pasture to Daniel F. Appleton, Sept. 15, 1881 (1068:167) who con- 
 veyed to his son Francis R. Appleton, Dec. 25, 1891 (1334:94). Mr. Apple- 
 ton built his mansion to which he has given the name, New House, on this 
 pasture lot. 
 
 On Feb. 23, 1814, Samuel Smith sold 15 acres of upland to David 
 Dodge, the miller (212:268). The first mills on the upper river were built 
 by John Adams, to whom Major Samuel Appleton had sold a house and 
 20 acres. John Adams, Sen., conveyed his house, lands, the com mill, 
 etc. to his son John, April 7, 1698 (13:291). Isaac Smith and his wife, 
 Eunice, sold to Paul Dodge, 
 
 "all y' our Estate now in our pos.session together with y*' Revertion & 
 remainder, wliich Remainder that is now in y: Possession & improve- 
 ment of Our Father, Mr. Nath' Cross, being the Dower of his wife, 
 Phebe, heretofore Phebe Adams <t natural mother to said Eunice . . . 
 commonly called Adamses Mills," 
 including liouse, bam, grist and saw mills, about 42 acres, December 1, 
 1750 (96:180). 
 
 Barnabas Dodge, son of Paul, inherited the estate and bequeathed it 
 to his son, David. David sold his whole possession, including the 15 acre 
 lot, purchased of Samuel Smith and a one acre lot with a dwelling near by, 
 to Ammi Smith, January 2, 1827 (242: 273). Horatio Smith and the other 
 heirs sold the same to Caleb and Jerome Norwood of Rockport, April 21, 
 1868 (746:148). The one acre lot, from which the house had disappeared, 
 was sold by Caleb J. Norwood to Francis R. Appleton, Nov. 4, 1886 (1185: 
 225). It was then known as Kent's Corner, probably from the blacksmith, 
 who had a shop here, years ago. It was in all probability a part of the 
 20 acres, which John Adams bought of Major Appleton. 
 
 Mr. Norwood sold the 15 acre lot, which Samuel Smith sold to David 
 Dodge, to Bayard Tuckerman, Sept. 11, 1890(1290:48). Mr. Tuckerman 
 built his dwelling on the sightly eminence, thus acquired, and gave the 
 name Sunswyck to his new home. He had married Annie, daughter 
 of Rev. John Cotton Smith, D.D., and granddaughter of Gen. Jaraee 
 Appleton, and the ancient Appleton pasture now returned to its own 
 
W o 
 S . 
 
 S i 
 
AND SAMUEL APPLETON 'S FARM. 27 
 
 Samuel Smith also sold a meadow lot of 6^ acres to David Wallace 
 and a similar lot of 7 acres adjoining to John Adams, on Feb. 22, 1814 (217: 
 85, 86). John Adams sold to Silsbee Adams, May 22, 1860 (651 :118), who 
 conveyed to D. F. Appleton, July 20, 1883 (1112: 29). Mary E. Wallace, 
 widow of David, empowered Aretas D. Wallace, as executor, to sell her 
 estate. He .sold the meadow lot to D. F. Appleton, March 9, 1883 (1103: 
 275). On Dec. 25, 1891, Mr. Appleton conveyed the Adams Meadow, 
 "lying directly in front of New House," and the Wallace meadow adjoining 
 to Francis R. Appleton (1334: 93 & 97). 
 
 A lot of upland and meadow, 25 J acres, was sold by Samuel Smith to 
 Oliver Appleton, May 11, 1814 (215:52). The later history of the lot is 
 included in that of the Oliver Appleton farm. 
 
 The remainder of the Col. Samuel Appleton farm, with the old man- 
 sion, which has been identified with Major Appleton's house, was sold by 
 Samuel Smith to Samuel Obear of Wenham, Dec. 22, 1818 (226:65), by 
 Obear to Hamilton Brown, April 13, 1821 (226:65). His son, Albert S. 
 Brown, .sold 4 acres of meadow and upland on the easterly side of the rail- 
 road to Francis R. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889(1248: 503) and on the same date 
 a parcel of meadow on the west side of the railroad to Daniel Fuller Apple- 
 ton (1248:504), which he convej^ed to Francis Randall, Dec. 25, 1891 (1334: 
 95). The farm, sixty acres and buildings, was sold by Mr. Brown to Helen 
 K., wife of Randolph M. Appleton, son of D. F. Appleton, Feb. 21, 1889 
 (1248:505). The old house was removed from its original location under 
 the great elms and made a part of the new mansion, which was built near 
 by. The name of this estate, Waldingfield, is that of the English village, 
 Little Waldingfield in Suffolk, from which Samuel Appleton migrated to 
 the new land. 
 
 The Oliver Appleton Farm. 
 
 Oliver succeeded his father. Major Samuel, in the ownership of the 
 saw mill, the ox pasture and other lands. He built a house for himself 
 on the corner of Waldingfield Road and County Road, from whicli the 
 Aaron Lord house was removed. He attained the venerable age of 83, 
 which was common in his family line, and died, Jan. 9, 1759. His will, 
 proved March 20, 1759 (Pro. Rec. 336:130) divided his estate. To his son 
 Oliver, he gave the mill, and part of his land, the rest to Nathaniel. 
 
 Nathaniel received the homestead, which was attained by purchase 
 from the other heirs by his daughter Susanna, wife of Jeremiah Choate 
 Underbill His son, Oliver Underbill, succeeded him, and his heirs sold to 
 their sister, Catherine E., wife of Aaron Lord, Aug. 30, 1878 (1004:190) 
 who sold to Ruth Appleton Tuckerman, daughter of D. F. Appleton, and 
 wife of Charles S. Tuckerman, the house and land adjoining, Oct. 23, 1901 
 (1656: 40), and the remainder of the land to Francis R. Appleton, Oct. 
 23, 1891 (1324:512). 
 
 Oliver Appleton, son of Oliver, built a house for his residence on the 
 Bouth side of the present Waldingfield road. His son, Oliver, the third of 
 
28 THE OLD BAY ROAD FROM SALTONSTALL S BROOK, ETC. 
 
 the name, bought the holdings of the other lieirs, May 5, 1803 (Pro. Rec. 
 370:107). He sold to his sons, Tristram and Nathaniel, Mar. 31, 1823 (232: 
 71). They conveyed to Oliver Underhill. April 18.1832 (26.5: 66.) who sold 
 to Henry Wilson, June 13, 1835 (284: 41 ) including the mill privilege. Mr. 
 Wilson bequeathed the estate to his grandson, Joseph R., son of his son 
 Henry, who sold 20 acres at the R. R. crossing to Fanny Appleton, wife of 
 Francis R.. Jan. 31, 1896 (1470:123), 9 acres to Randolph M. Appleton, 
 April 4, 1900(1606:248) and the " Middle Gate Lot," 4^ acres on County 
 Road, to Mrs. Francis R. Appleton, on same date (1606: 249). His widow, 
 iVnnie M., sold his estate to Francis R. Appleton, April 23. 1901 (1646:57), 
 v.^ho transferred 1 1 acres on the north side of the road to his brother-in-law, 
 Chas. S. Tuckcrman. Mr. Tuckerman removed both the Henry Wilson 
 house and the Underliill house from their original foundations to a new site 
 on the hill, and combined these in one large mansion. " Applefield" is the 
 name of the estate, a happy union of Waldingfield and the apple orchard, 
 which covers several acres. 
 
 Thus, the ancient Appleton grant is now almost entirely in the pos- 
 session of the direct descendants of the emigrant. The lots sold by 
 Captain John and Major Samuel to Anthony Potter are still a part of 
 that farm, now owned by the heirs of Harriet Smith, but these are the 
 only parts in the hands of strangers. The Oliver Appleton farm is owned 
 in part by Mrs. Charles S. Tuckerman, daughter of Daniel Fuller Appleton, 
 and the remainder is in possession of Francis R. Appleton. The Samuel 
 Appleton farm is owned in part by Randolph M. Appleton, in part by Bay- 
 ard Tuckerman, and the balance by Francis R. Appleton. The latter also 
 owns the Isaac and John Appleton farms and he has added to the ancestral 
 acres, large tracts that were never in the Appleton possession. Mrs. Gerald 
 L. Hoyt, daughter of Daniel Fuller Appleton occupies the cottage, which 
 was built upon the old Appleton school-house as a base. Briar Hill is still 
 the summer home of the heirs of Rev. John Cotton Smith and Harriet, the 
 daughter of Gen. James Appleton. 
 
A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 OF 
 
 SAMUEL APPLETON.* 
 
 1. Samuel Appleton was born at Little Waldingfield, England in 
 1586. He married at Preston, England, on Jan. 24, 1616, Judith Everard. 
 Their children were: 
 
 2 Mary, born at Little Waldingfield, 1616. 
 
 3 Judith, born at Little Waldingfield, 1618; died at Reydon, Eng., 
 
 in 1629. 
 
 4 MARTHA.born at Little Waldingfield, 1620 ; married Richard Jacobs 
 
 of Ipswich; died Sept. 8, 1659. 
 6 John, born at Little Waldin^eld, 1622. See No. 5. 
 
 6 Samuel, born at Little Waldingfield, 1625. See No. 6. 
 
 7 Sarah, bora at Reydon, 1629; married Rev. Samuel Phillips of 
 
 Rowley, Oct., 1651. 
 
 He married Martha 
 
 8 Judith, born at Reydon, 1634; married Samuel Rogers of Ips- 
 
 wich, Dec. 24, 1657; died July, 1659. 
 
 He took the freeman's oath on May 25, 1636, and was resident in 
 Ipswich as early as July, 1636. The widow Sarah Dillingham of Ipswich 
 bequeathed to Mr. Samuel Appleton five pounds, and to his wife a silver 
 porringer, and committed the education and government of her child, and 
 the care of her estate to Mr. Saltonstall and IVIr. Appleton, in her will, dated 
 July 10th of that year. The title Mr. indicated social position above the 
 ordinary. Winthrop's Diary mentions that out of sixty-two persons ad - 
 mitted to be freemen, on the above date. Mr. Appleton and three others 
 were the only ones who were entitled to this honorary prefix. 
 
 He was chosen Deputy to the General Court in May, 1637, and re- 
 ceived several grants of land, which are noted in "Ipswich in the Massa- 
 chusetts Bay Colony, 1633-1700," besides liis great farm. 
 
 * In the preparation of this Genealogy much help has been derived 
 from the Genealogy published by William Sumner Anpleton in 1874. 
 But a fresh examination has been made of the Vital Statistics of Ipswich 
 and many corrections and additions have been made, bringing the 
 statistics down to the present date. 
 
 (29) 
 
30 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 SECOND GENERATION. 
 
 5. Captain John Appleton,^ bom at Little Waldingfield, England 
 in 1622, had a long and distinguished public career, which is described 
 in "Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony." He married Priscilla, 
 daughter of Rev. Jesse Glover, and lived on the north side of the Topsfield 
 road, near the residence of Mrs. Lavinia Brown. He died Nov. 4, 1699. 
 His wife had died a little before, Feb. 18, 1698. 
 
 9 John, bom Oct. 16, 1652. See No. 9. 
 
 10 Elizabeth, bom 1654; married Richard Dummer of Newbury, 
 
 Nov. 2, 1673. 
 
 11 Samuel. See No. 11. 
 
 12 Priscilla, born Dec. 25, 1657; married Rev. Joseph Capen of 
 
 Topsfield in 1684; died Oct. 18, 1743. 
 
 13 Jesse, born March 27, 1660; died April 11, 1660. 
 
 14 Jesbe, born 1662; died at Boston, Nov. 18, 1721. 
 
 15 Sarah, born Aug. 19, 1671; married Daniel Rogers of Ipswich. 
 
 He died Dec. 1, 1722. 
 
 16 Mary, bom April 15, 1673; married Nathaniel Thomas of Marsh- 
 
 field, June 20, 1694; died Oct. 7, 1727. 
 
 6. Major Samuel Appleton,-* was born at Little Waldingfield, 
 Elngland, 1625. He married Hannah, daughter of William Paine of Ips- 
 wich, April 2, 1651. -^.^ 
 
 17 Hannah, bom Jan. 9, 1652; married William Downes of Boston. 
 
 18 Judith, born Aug. 19, 1653;,married Samuel Wolcott of Wethers- 
 
 field, March 6, 1678. 
 
 19 Samuel, bom Nov. 3, 1654. See No. 19. 
 
 Married 2d, Mary, daughter of John Oliver of Newbury, Dec. 8, 1656. 
 She died, Feb. 15, 1698. 
 
 20 John, bom 1660. See No. 20. 
 
 21 Isaac, born 1664. See No. 21. 
 
 22 Joanna, born ; married Matthew Whipple. 
 
 23 Joseph, born June 5, 1674; died in 1689. 
 
 24 Oliver, born June 1676; died June 30, 1676. 
 
 25 Mary, born June 1 676 ; died June 9, 1676. 
 
 26 Oliver, born 1677. See No. 26. 
 
 27 Mary, bom about Oct. 20, 1679; died 1689. 
 
 Maj. Samuel Appleton died May 15, 1696, and was buried in the old 
 Burying Ground, where a simple stone marks his grave. 
 
 THIRD GENERATION. 
 
 9. Col. John Appleton,' son of Captain John,^ was bom Oct. 16, 
 1652. He was the Town Clerk of that historic Town meeting, on August 
 23, 1687, when the vote to refuse assent to the Andros edict was passed, 
 
 * His public life is described at length in " Ipswich in the Massachu- 
 setts Bay Colony." 
 
OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 31 
 
 and he was included in the famous company which was arrested and fined.* 
 He was a Lieut.-Colonel, a Deputy, a Councillor, and Judge of Probate 
 for thirty-seven years. He was also Chief Justice of the Court of Common 
 Pleas. He bought the houselot Feb. 25, 1707, on which he built his dwell- 
 ing, which was bequeathed to his son, and is now in a remodelled form, 
 owned by Mr. Moritz B.Philipp on the corner of Central and Market Streets. 
 He married Elizabeth, daughter of John Rogers, President of Harvard 
 CoUege, Nov. 23, 1681. He died Sept. 11, 1739, his widow, March 13, 
 1754. 
 
 28 Elizabeth, born April 23, 1682; married Rev. Jabez Fitch of 
 
 Portsmouth, July 26, 1704; died Oct. 18, 1765. 
 
 29 John, bom Nov. 23, 1683; died at Cambridge, Sept. 23, 1699. 
 
 30 William, bom Oct. 15, 1686; died July 10, 1689. 
 
 31 Daniel, born Aug. 17, 1688; died Oct. 7, 1689. 
 
 32 Daniel, born Aug. 8, 1692. See No. 32.^ 
 
 33 Nathaniel, born Dec. 9, 1693. A. B. Harvard, 1712. Ordained 
 
 at Cambridge in 1717, and continued his ministry sixty-six 
 years. For more than sixty years, a Fellow of Harvard College, 
 and received degree of D.D. in 1771. He died Feb. 9, 1784. 
 
 34 Priscilla, born Jan. 3, 1697; married Rev. Robert Ward of 
 
 Wenham, June 28, 1722; died July 22, 1724. 
 
 35 Margaret, bom Mar. 19, 1701 ; married Rev. Edward Holyoke, 
 
 President of Harvard College, Nov. 9, 1725; died June 25, 1740. 
 
 36 John, born Aug. 18, 1704; died Sept. 13, 1705. 
 
 11. Samuel Appleton,' son of Captain John^ inherited from his 
 father land on the Topsfield Road and probably had his home there. He 
 married Mary, daughter of Rev. John Woodbridge of Newbury. He died 
 Aug. 16, 1693. His widow survived until June 9, 1712. 
 
 37 Jesse, bom Nov. 30, 1684; died 1707. 
 
 38 Samuel, born July 21, 1686; died yoimg. 
 
 39 Thomas. 
 
 40 John. See No. 40. 
 
 19. Col. Samuel Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,^ was bom Nov. 
 3, 1654. He was a resident of Lynn from 1680 to 1688, and owned the 
 iron-works near the ledge, known as Appleton's Pulpit. The authenticity 
 of the legend, which has been perpetuated in a bronze tablet, is considered 
 in "Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony," page 272. A warrant was 
 issued for his arrest for opposition to the Andros government, but he was 
 never brought to trial. 
 
 He went as a Commissioner to Quebec in 1706 to bring home the pris- 
 oners, who were detained there, and returned to Boston, November 21st, 
 with the Rev. John Williams of Deerfield and fifty-six other redeemed cap- 
 tives. He commanded a regiment in the expedition to Port Royal in 1707. 
 
 He bought the Shorebome Wilson house, now owned and occupied 
 by Mr. Samuel N. Baker on Dec. 17, 1702, and it was his home for the 
 remainder of his life. 
 
 * See Chapter xiv, "Ipswich and the Andros Government" in "Ips- 
 wich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony." 
 
32 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 He married Elizabeth, daughter of William Whittingham of Boston, 
 June 19, 16S2. "The Hon''' Col" Samuel Appleton dyed October the 30«i 
 1725." A stately monument marks his grave in the old Burying Ground. 
 His widow survived him, and married Rev. Edward Payson of Rowley, 
 published Sept. 10, 1726. 
 
 41 Mary, born at Lynn, Mar. 30, 1683; died young. 
 
 42 Hannah, born at Lynn, Nov. 1, 1684; married at Ipswich, Ist, 
 
 William Clark of Boston, Oct. 11, 1705; married 2d, Josiah 
 Willard of Boston, April 7, 1726; died July 28, 1766. 
 
 43 Elizabeth, born at Lynn, July 10, 1687; died June 13, 1703. 
 
 44 Martha, born at Ipswich; married Joseph Wise of Ipswich, pub- 
 
 lished Feb. 5, 1709. 
 
 45 Samuel, bom at Ipswich. See No. 45. 
 
 46 Whittingham, born at Ipswich, Dec. 29, 1706. 
 
 47 Elizabeth, born at Ipswich, Aug. 31, 1712; married David Pay- 
 
 son of Rowley, Mar. 5, 1728. 
 
 20. John Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,' was bom in 1660. He 
 inherited a portion of the ancestral farm, as has been noted in the history 
 of the farm. 
 
 He married 1st, Rebecca, daughter of John Ruck of Salem, April 1, 
 1689. 
 
 48 John, born May 28, 1695; died young. 
 
 Married 2d, Elizabeth, daughter of John Baker, widow of Benjamin 
 Dutch, published Aug. 31, 1700. 
 
 49 Benjamin, bom Nov. 14, 1702. See No. 49. 
 
 50 Sarah, baptized June 24, 1705; married Aaron Potter, published, 
 
 Sept. 16, 1721. 
 
 He died May 17, 1724, his widow, Mar. 24, 1750. 
 
 21. Major Isaac Appleton,^ son of Major Samuel,' was bom in 
 1664. He made his home on the farm he had inherited. He married 
 Priscilla, daughter of Thomas Baker of Topsfield, who died May 26, 1731. 
 He survived until May 22, 1747. 
 
 51 Priscilla, born Mar. 16, 1697; married 1st, Thomas Burnham, 
 
 published Dec. 13, 1718. He died April 4, 1730. Married 2d, 
 Arthur Abbott, May 23, 1734. 
 
 52 Isaac, born Mar. 21, 1699; died July 30, 1700. 
 
 53 Mary, born Oct. 1, 1701; married William Osgood of Andover, 
 
 Jan. 6, 1730. 
 
 54 Isaac, born May 30, 1704. See No. 54. 
 
 55 Rebecca, born 1706; married William Dodge of Wenham, 
 
 Jan. 9, 1729; died Nov. 1794. 
 
 56 Elizabeth, born 1706; married Josiah Fairfield of Wenham, 
 
 Aug. 4, 1731. 
 
 57 Martha, born July 30,1708; married John White of Haverhill, 
 
 Aug. 4, 1731. 
 
 58 Joanna, baptized Nov. 17, 1717; married William Story of Bos- 
 
 ton, May 14, 1747; died July 16, 1775. 
 
1 M 
 
 3" C 
 
 a - 
 
OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 33 
 
 26. Oliver Appleton,^ eon of Major Samuel,- was born in 1677, 
 He inherited the saw mill, and a portion of the farm, from his father. He 
 married Sarah, daugliter of Tol)ijah Perkins of TopsHeld, Dec. 17, 1701. 
 He died Jan. 9, 1751), his widow, Dec. 30, 1769 
 
 59 Oliver, born 1702. See No. 59. 
 
 60 William, born 1703; died April 8, 1725. 
 
 61 Joseph, born Dec. 24, 1705. See No. 61. 
 
 62 John, born 1707. See No. 62. 
 
 63 Sarah, born 1709; married 1st, Benjamin Swain of Reading, 
 
 Dec. 7, 1727; married, 2d, Benjamin Wyman, Nov. 16, 1752. 
 
 64 Hannah, born Mar. 22, 1711; married Dr. Thomas Swain of 
 
 Reading, published Sept. 26, 1730. 
 
 65 S.wiUEL, baptized Mar. 22, 1713; Hved in Haverhill, died Oct. 27, 
 
 1780. 
 
 66 Thomas, born Dec. 19, 1714; died Sept. 12, 1724. 
 
 67 Lucy, born Jan. 20, 1717; died Mar. 14, 1737 at Haverhill. 
 
 68 Mary, born ; married Nathaniel Whipple; published Nov. 
 
 10, 1744; died Mar. 2, 1810. 
 
 69 Daniel, baptized Mar. 1, 1719; died April 8, 1807. 
 
 70 Nathaniel, baptized April 23, 1721. See No. 70. 
 
 71 Priscilla, baptized Nov. 1, 1724; died young. 
 
 FOURTH GENERATION. 
 
 32. Daniel Appleton,^ son of Colonel, John,^ was born Aug, 8, 
 1692. He was a Colonel, a Representative, a Justice of the Court of Ses- 
 sions, and Register of Probate from Jan. 9, 1723 to August, 1762. His 
 home was in the mansion built by his father, on the corner of Market and 
 Central Streets. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Berry of 
 Cambridge, Jime 8, 1715. He died Aug. 17, 1762, his widow, Nov, 28, 
 1773, 
 
 72 Elizabeth, born July 28, 1717; died Aug. 26, 1717. 
 
 73 Elizabeth, born Sept. 20, 1718; died Oct., 1718. 
 
 74 John, born Dec. 9, 1719; died Sept. 22, 1720. 
 
 75 Margaret, baptized Sept. 30, 1722: died Oct. 19, 1722. 
 
 76 Daniel, baptized Feb. 16, 1724; died Mar. 13, 1724. 
 
 77 Margaret, born Nov. 28, 1725; died July 27, 1747. 
 
 78 Elizabeth, born Aug. 24, 1727; married Rev. John Walley, Pas- 
 
 tor of the South Church, Ipswich, Oct. 20, 1748; died Oct., 1798. 
 
 79 John, born, Jan. 19, 1731; died April 23, 1731. 
 
 80 Mary, born March 14, 1733; died Oct., 1801. 
 
 81 John, born and baptized May 19, 1734; died Aug. 28, 1740. 
 
 82 Daniel, born July 26, 1736; died Aug. 16, 1736. 
 
 40. John Appleton,^ son of Samuel,^ called John 3d in 1723, sheriff 
 in 1745, married Mary, daughter of Rev. James Allin of Salisbury, Feb. 
 28, 1717, who died Oct. 26, 1749. He died July 25, 1750. 
 
 83 Mary, born Sept. 28, 1718; died young. 
 
 84 Elizabeth, baptized Dec. 4, 1720; married Thomas Sewall of 
 
 Kittery, published Mar. 1, 1744. 
 
 85 Sarah, baptized Dec. 10, 1721; married George Eustis of Boston, 
 
 published Mar. 1, 1744. . 
 
34 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 86 Samuel, baptized Aug. 31, 1723; died Sept. 16, 1723. 
 
 87 Mary, born Oct 9, 1724 ; married bamuel Rindge, published Nov. 
 
 23, 17S9; died ( ec. 26, 1716. 
 
 88 Anne, baptized Mar. 6, 1726; died Aug. 8, 1747. 
 
 89 John, baptized Aug. 20, 1727; died 175."). 
 
 90 Lucy, baptized Nov. 24, 1728; die i June 10. 1745. 
 
 91 Samuel, baptized Oct. 4, 1730; died Nov. 8, 1730. 
 
 92 MARr,ARRT, baptized Oct. 24, 1731. 
 
 93 Martha, born ; died Oct. 21, 1746. 
 
 94 Priscilla, born ; died Sept. 17, 174S, "being the last of 
 
 seven daughters dying with a Consumption within the space of 
 3 years." Town Record. 
 
 45. Samuel Appleton,' son of Colonel Samuel,' inherited the farm 
 and his father's residence (the Samuel N. Paker house). He removed to 
 Boston, and engaged in large mercantile ventures, which resulted disas- 
 trously, as his estate was insoh ent, after his sudden death in London of 
 smallpox, on Dec. 15, 1728. He married Anna, daughter of John Gerrish 
 of Boston, Mar. 19, 1719. She 8u^^'ived her husband and married Rev. 
 Joshua Gee of Boston, .\pril 17, 1734. 
 
 95 Samuel, baptized at Ipswich, April 3, 1720; died April 5, 1720. 
 
 96 Mary, baptized at Ipswich, 1 ec. 9, 1722; died Dec. :i9, 1722. 
 
 97 Samuei,, born at i^oston, Aug. 15, 1726. 
 
 98 Anne, born at Boston, 1728. 
 
 49. Benjamin Appleton,* son of John,' was born Nov. 14, 1702. 
 His home was on the farm he had inherited. He married Elizabeth Wade, 
 published Feb. 23, 1723, and died in his thirtieth year, Feb. 13, 1732. His 
 widow married William Cogswell, Mar. 13, 1735. 
 
 99 Elizareth, bantized July 12, 1724. 
 
 100 Sarah, baptized July 31, 1726; died Aug. 12, 1726. 
 
 101 John, born Mar. 10, 17:^8; died June 9, 1728. 
 
 102 Mary, born March 30, 1729; married Jonathan Cogswell, Jr., 
 
 Dec. 28, 1748. 
 
 103 Sarah, baptized Nov. 22, 1730; married Leter Smith, Mar. 29, 
 
 1753. 
 
 104 Benjamin, born June 2, 1732; died June 15, 1732, 
 
 54. Isaac Appleton,^ son of Major Isaac,^ was born May 30, 1704. 
 He spent his life in the home he had inherited on the farm. He married 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Francis Sawyer of V\ ells, published April 25, 1730. 
 
 105 Isaac, baptized May 30, 1731 ; married Mary, daughter of Joseph 
 
 Adams of Concord, and removed to New Ipswich, N. H., where 
 he died Feb. 25, 1806. 
 
 106 Francis, baptized Mar. 25, 1733. See No. 106. 
 
 107 Elizabeth, baptized Oct. 24, 1736; married Samuel Bartlett of 
 
 Newton, published Sc^t. 5, 1760. 
 
 108 Samuel, born 1739. See No. 108. 
 
 109 Thomas, baptized Oct. 5, 1740. See No. 109. 
 
 110 John, baptized Dec. 26, 1742; married Mercy Bradbury at Bux- 
 
 ton, Me., Sept. 12, 1771, who died June 26, 1826. He died at 
 Buxton, June 20, 1829. 
 

OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 35 
 
 111 Daniel, baptized April 7, 17 Jo; married Eliz. Adams, published 
 
 June 29. 1770; removed to Buxton, and died there March 14, 
 1836. 
 
 112 William, baptized April 12, 1747; married Sarah, daughter of 
 
 Jotham Odiorne of Portsmouth, where he lived, and died May, 
 1785. 
 
 113 Mary, baptized July 2, 1749; married Mager Woodbuiy, Nov. 25, 
 
 1784; died March 10. 1828. 
 
 114 Joseph, baptiied June 9, 1751, A. B. Rrown University, 1772. 
 
 Pastor at North Biookfield, where lie died July 25, 1795. He 
 married Mary, daughter of Joseph Hook of Kingston, N. H. 
 
 His wife died April 29, 1785. "Mr. Isaac Appleton, age 82 years and 
 Mrs. Hephzibah Appleton, aged 70 years, published intention of marriage 
 Nov. 5, 1785," Town Record. They were married Dec. 11, 1785, and the 
 bride died July 7, 1788. Mr. Appleton died on Dec. 18, 1794, aged 91, in 
 the house in which he was born. His second wife was probably the widow 
 of Dea. Joseph Appleton, who died Nov. 20, 1782. 
 
 59. Oliver Appleton,* son of Oliver,' was born in 1702. He in- 
 herited from his father the saw-mill and a portion of Ins farm in 1759. 
 He built the house on the south side of Waldingfield Road, which was owned 
 later by Mr. Henry Wilson, and was incorporated by Mr. Chas. S. Tucker- 
 man in his residence. 
 
 He married Bethiah Whipple, on Jan. 9. 17:i9, and two children were 
 born. 
 
 115 WiLLLVM, horn Jan. 23, 1731; died Aug. 1, 1736. 
 
 116 Hannah, baptized between the 1st and 4th of July, 1736; died 
 
 Oct. 19, 1736. 
 
 Bethiah died on July 10, 1736, and he married Sarah Whipple,* Dec. 
 6, 1739. 
 
 117 Oliver, baptized Sept. 5, 1740; died young. 
 
 118 Sarah, baptized Oct. 19, 1741; married George Norton, published 
 
 Oct. 20, 1764. 
 
 119 Hannah, baptized Sept. 11, 1743 ; died July 25, 1764. 
 
 120 Bethiah, 1 aptized Oct. 27, 1745; married Joshua Giddiugs of 
 
 Hamilton, April 26, 1770: died Jan. 16, 1831. 
 
 121 Lucy, I aptizetl Jan. 31, 1747; died June 12, 1778, of sniallpox. 
 
 122 Mehitabie, baptized Jan. 21, 1753; died Aug. 1!, 1818. 
 
 123 Katharine, baptized May 38, 1755; married WilHam Whipple'cf 
 
 Hamilton, May L9, 1776; died Jan. 15, 1829. 
 
 124 Mary Oliver, born July 25. 1757. 
 
 125 Oliver, baptized June 15, 1760. See No. 125. 
 
 126 Rebecca, baptized Mar. 13. 1763; married Jacob Perkins of Maiden, 
 
 Aug. 1, 1789. 
 
 ■Oliver Appleton died Aug. 5, 1787, his widow June 22, 1811. 
 
 * In the Town Record, Oliver Appleton was published with Sarah 
 Whipple, Oct. 13. 1739. In the lecoid of mar/iage, the bride's name ia 
 Sarah Frail, but the Town Clerk evidently was in error. The entry pre- 
 ceding is Jacob Fellows and Sarah Frail. He unconsciously repeated the 
 name, in recording the next marriage. 
 
36 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 61. DcA. Joseph Appleton,* son of Oliver,^ was born Dec. 24, 1705. 
 He bought the houselot, bounded by County Road and the South Common, 
 later known as the John Wade lot, now owned by Mrs. Daniel Fuller Apple- 
 ton, Jan. 4, 1730. He married Hephzibah Swain of Reading, Nov. 16, 
 1732, and built a dwelling on the above lot. 
 
 He was a member of the Committee which had charge of building 
 Choate Bridge in 1761, and received 20£ for measuring rocks, keeping and 
 settling accounts, paying and receiving money, etc. He was a Deacon of 
 the South Church, and was a member of the Joint Committee of the First 
 and South Parishes, whicii bought the first lot for the Burying ground on 
 the South side, Aug. 1:0, 1773. He died Nov. 20, 1782. 
 
 127 Hkphzibah, baptized May 19, 1734; died July 22, 1736. 
 
 128 Elizabeth, baptized July, 1736; died July 30, 1736. 
 
 129 Joseph, baptized June 29, 1740. See No. 129: 
 
 130 Hephzibah, born Nov. 17, 1741 ; married Nathaniel Day, Mar. 8, 
 
 1763. 
 
 131 Aaron, baptized Sept. 25, 1743; died May 3, 1744. 
 
 132 A.\RON, baptized April 28, 1745; died Sept. 27, 1745. 
 
 133 Thomas, baptized Jan. 18, 1747. See No. 133. 
 
 134 Ebenezer, baptized, Feb. 18, 1749; died young. 
 
 62. John Appleton,^ son of Oliver,' was born in 1707. He bought 
 a houselot of Isaac Fitts, on South Market street, March 24, 1734, and ten 
 years later bought the adjoining lot, on which the l;ank Building and other 
 buildings now stand. Here he made his home. He married Lucy Board- 
 man, Aug. 4, 1731, who died Feb. 24, 1790. He died Jan. 4, 1794. 
 
 135 Lucy, baptized Mar. 19, 1732 ; married Abraham How ; published 
 
 Dec. 14, 1752. 
 
 136 Benjamin, baptized Oct. 20, 1734 ; removed to Gloucester. 
 
 137 William, baptized Jan. 8, 1738. See No. 137. 
 
 138 Margaret, baptized Jan. 30, 1743; married Daniel Thurston. 
 
 139 Mary, baptized Feb. 24, 1745; married Daniel Rogers. 
 
 140 Elizabeth, baptized April 17, 1748; married Aaron Treadwell, 
 
 published April 18, 1767. 
 
 141 John, baptized Oct. 21, 1750; died April 12, 1798, occasioned by 
 
 a fall. 
 
 70. Lieut. Nathaniel Appleton,* son of Oliver,'' was baptized, 
 April 23, 1721. He inherited from his father the farm now included in 
 Applefield, owned by Mrs. Charles S. Tuckerman. His house was on the 
 eite of the more recent Aaron Lord house, on the comer of Waldingficld 
 road. He married Susannah Brown of Reading, published April 27, 1745. 
 
 He died Feb. 16, 1798, his widow, Nov. 2, 1807, aged 82 years. 
 
 142 Nathaniel, baptized May 1 1 , 1746; died Aug., 1747. 
 
 143 Nathaniel, ba-itized Mar. 6, 1747. 
 
 144 Benjamin, baptized April 22, 1750. See No. 144. 
 
 145 Susannah, baptized Oct. 21, 1752; die! Julv, 1764. 
 
 146 Sarah, baptized Mar. 16, 1755; died Julv, 1764. 
 
 147 Oliver, baptized Nov. 27, 1757. See No. 147. 
 
 148 Eunice, baptized May 4, 1760; married Ephraim Fellows, Nov. 
 
 24, 1778. 
 
OF SAMUEL APPLETOX. 37 
 
 149 Sarah, baptized Feb. 10, 1765; married John Winn of Salem, 
 
 Nov. 2, 1793. 
 
 150 Susanna, baptized Aug. 16, 1767; married Jeremiah Choate Un- 
 
 derhill. Oct. 21, 1798. 
 
 151 Lucy, born Dec. 31. 1771; died Feb. 10, 1792. 
 
 FIFTH GENERATION. 
 
 106. Fraxcis Appleton,' son of Isaac,* was born in 1739. He 
 married Elizabeth Hubbard, May 5, 1758, and lived in Ipswich for some 
 years after his marriage. He then removed to New Ipswich, N. H., where 
 his last child was born. His wife died Nov. 7, 1815. He survived until 
 Jan. 29, 1816. 
 
 152 Francis, horn at Ipswich. May 28, 1759, of Dublin, N. H. 
 
 153 Isaac, born at Ipswich, baptized Jan. 25, 1761. 
 
 154 John, baptised at Ipswich, April 8, 1763; of New Ipswich. 
 
 155 Mary, baptized at Ipswich, Dec. 29, 1765. 
 
 156 Elizabeth, born at Ipswich, 1767. 
 
 157 Je 8e, born at New Ipswich. Nov. 17, 1772. He entered Dart- 
 
 mouth College in 17S8, was ordained at Hampton, leb., 1797, 
 and was elected President of Eowdoin College, in 1807. He 
 died at Brunswick, Nov. 12, 1819. 
 
 108. Samuel Appleton,* son of Isaac,* was born in 1739. He in- 
 herited his father's farm and built the house, now the summer residence 
 of Mrs. D. F. Appleton, in 1794. He married Mary, daughter of Rev. 
 Timothy White of Haverhill, published Nov. 26, 1768. 
 
 He died May 15, 1819, his widow, Nov. 10, 1834. 
 
 158 Elizabeth, bom Dec. 6, 1769; died Jan. 7, 1790. 
 
 159 Samuel Oilman, born Feb. 26, 1771; married Mary Andrews, 
 
 Jan. 5, 1836. He died July 2, 1852. His widow married Jacob 
 Dodge of Wenham, Oct. 18, 1853. 
 
 160 Mary, born Dec. 3, 1772; married Amos Sawyer of Salem, June 7, 
 
 1798. 
 
 161 Susanna, born Dee. 21, 1774; married John Willet of Bndgton, 
 
 Me., Jan. 23, 1803. 
 
 162 Isaac, born Dec. 15, 1776; removed to Beverly, married Sarah 
 
 Dyson. 
 
 163 Timothy, born Nov. 13, 17,8; died March 22, 1857. 
 
 164 John White, bom Nov. 29, 1780; married 1st, Sarah P., daughter 
 
 of Rev. Elisha W illiams of Beverly, Sept. 14, 1806, 2d, her sister 
 Sophia, Jan. 29, 1810. He died at Ealtimore, Mar. 27, 1862. 
 
 165 Rebecca, born Mar. 19, 1783 ; married Joseph Brown, Jr., Jan. 15, 
 
 1808. 
 
 166 James, born Feb. 14, 1785. See No. 166. 
 
 167 Gardiner, bom Mar. 2, 1787; married Nancy Woodbury. 
 
 168 Joanna, born July 19, 17S9; married 1st, Capt. Samuel Safford, 
 
 Nov. 21, 1811. Married 2d, Eben Dods^e of Salem. 
 
 169 Nathan Dan-, born May 20, 1794. A. B. Dartmouth, 1813; mar- 
 
 ried lulia, daughter of Abiel Hall of Alfred. Maine, where he 
 made his residence and died Nov. 12, 1861. 
 
 109. Thomas Appleton,^ son of Isaac,* was born Oct. 5, 1740. He 
 married Susanna Perkins, July 13, 1767. 
 
38 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 170 Isaac, bom Aug. 24, 176S; died at sea 1790. 
 
 171 Elizabeth, bom July 7, 1770; married James Woodbury of 
 
 Beverly. 
 
 Susanna died May 22, 1773, aged 32 years. 
 
 He married Lydia, daughter of Daniel Dane, Oct. 19, 1773, who died 
 at Beverly, Aug. 23, 1845, aged 103 years, 8 months, 5 days. He died 
 Sept. 15, 1830. 
 
 172 Daniel, born in Hamilton, Nov. 5, 1774; baptized in Ipswich, 
 
 April 9, 1775. See ."Vo. 172. 
 
 173 Lydia, born in Beverly, Aug. 22, 1776; baptized in Ipswich, Oct. 
 
 12, 1777; married Jonathan Lamson of Hamilton, April 30, 1809. 
 
 174 S.\HAH, baptized in Ipswich, April 23, 1782. ^^ ^^ 
 
 125. Oliver Appi>eton,' son of OUver,* was baptized June 15, 1760. 
 He bought the interest of the other heirs in the homestead in 1803, and 
 sold to his sons Tristram and .Vatlianiel, March 31, 1823. He married 
 Martha, daughter of John Patch, March 12, 1789. He died in Hamilton, 
 Dec. 18, 1852, his widow, Aug. 31, 1861. 
 
 175 Martha, born Oct. 3, 1789; marr?ed Charles Baker, Aug. 19, 1813. 
 
 176 Oliver, born Mar. 15, 1791; married Anstice, da ighter of Eben- 
 
 ezer Cogswell, July 2, 1816, and removed to Hamilton. An 
 infant, 7mos. old, died Feb. 21, 1823. He died in Hamilton. 
 
 177 Lucy, born Nov. 26, 1792; died .4.oril29, 18'8. 
 
 178 Hannah, bom Sept. 27, 1794; married 1st, William M. Smith of 
 
 Ipswich, Oct. 2, 1814, who died at sea, 1816; married 2d, 
 Temple Cutler of Hamilton, April 5, 1823; died January 16, 
 1889. 
 
 179 George, born Julv 29, 1796, lived in Hamilton. 
 
 180 Tristram, born June 23, 1798, Uved in Hamilton. 
 
 181 Nathaniel, born April 3, 1800, lived in Hamilton. 
 
 182 Abigail, bom Mav 2. 1802; died Nov. 9, 1818. 
 
 183 Sarah, bora April 21, 1804; mairied Tristram Brown, Jr., May 
 
 13, 1830; died April, 1891. 
 
 184 Joshua, born March 21, iSOo; died Dec. 9, 1806. 
 
 185 Mehitable, born July 16, 1808; mamed John Foster of Hamilton. 
 
 129. Joseph Appleton, Jr.,* son of Deacon Joseph,^ was baptized 
 Jvme 29, 1740. He married Hannah Bacheller of Haverhill, June 17, 
 1762. 
 
 186 Joseph, born , 1766; died Jan. 26. 1786. 
 
 187 Hannah, baptized Oct. 8, 1769; married Daniel Wallie, Oct. 13, 
 
 1791. 
 
 188 Hephzibah, baptized Oct. 8, 1769. 
 
 189 Lois, born Feb. 8, 1774; married John Williamson, Oct. 25, 1793. 
 
 He married again, Eunice Perkins, Jan. 19, 1776. 
 
 190 Eunice, baptized June 1. 1777. 
 
 191 Salome, baptized June 1, 1777; married David Tucker, Jr., Oct. 
 
 6, 1812. 
 
 192 Aaron, bom May 10, 1779; married Lucy Sweet, Oct. 7, 1800; 
 
 died in the West Indies, Sept., 1802. 
 
 He died Dec. 10, 1812, his widow, May 1, 1821. 
 

OF SAMUEL APPLETON 39 
 
 133. Thomas Appleton,' son of Deacon Joseph,^ was baptized 
 Jan. 18, 1747. He became the owner of the house, known later as the 
 Merrifield house, on the County Road, on the South side, recently torn 
 down. He sold the northeast half to John Wade, April 19, 1794, but re- 
 tained the other half, and in his will, devised the lower floor to his daugh- 
 ter, Mehitable, the wife of Thomas Merrifield, and the upper to Abigail, 
 the widow of his son, Daniel, and her daughter, Abigail G. Appleton, 
 March 12, 1842. 
 
 He married Mehitable, daughter of John Crocker, published Nov. 
 26, 1768. She died May 20, 1804, aged 54. He died May 21, 1810, 
 aged 64. 
 
 193 Thomas, bom Oct., 1772, removed to Marblehead ; at the age of 
 
 75 ^ ears, he marr'e i for his third wife, Mehitable Lancaster of 
 Ipswich, aged 60, May 6, 1851. 
 
 194 Mehitable, bo- n Mar. 21, 1775; marriel Thomas Menineld, Nov. 
 
 25, 1798; die 1 Oct. 24, 1859. 
 
 195 Daniel, born Jime 8, 1786. See No. 195. 
 
 196 An Infant, died July 1, 1791. 
 
 137. WiLLiAM Appleton," son of John 3d*, was baptized Jan. 8, 
 1738. He married Sarah Kinsman, published April 21, 1764, and bought 
 a house lot of Sarah Rust on whicli he built his dwelling. Mar. 25, 1766. 
 In the division of his estate, in 1808, the dwelling was assigned to his 
 daughter Sarah Choate, and is still known as the Sally Choate house. 
 
 He died August 9, 1807, his widow, June 10, 1809. 
 
 197 William, baptized June 30, 1765, removed to Salem, where he 
 
 married 1st, Aima Bowditch, Dec. 22, 1793. Married 2d, 
 Taraesin Abbott of Andover, July 23, 1807. He died at Salem, 
 Sept., 1822. 
 
 198 Sarah, baptized Jan. 4, 1767; married David Choate of Glouces- 
 
 ter, Julv 18, 1789. 
 
 199 Lucy, baptized Nov. 13, 1768; married John Baker, Jr., June 1, 
 
 1800. 
 
 200 PIannah, born Aug. 16, 1770; married Moses Wallis, May 25, 1800. 
 
 201 Mary, baptized July 5, 1772; married libenezer Bowditch of 
 
 Salem, 1797. 
 
 202 Elizabeth, baptized, Aug. 21, 1774. 
 
 SIXTH GENERATION. 
 
 166. Gen. James Appleton," son of Samuel,^ was born Feb. 14, 
 1785. A brief sketch of his life has been given in the history of the farm. 
 He married Sarah, daughter of Rev. Daniel Fuller of Gloucester, Nov. 15, 
 1807. 
 
 Gen. James died at Ipswich, Aug. 25, 1882. His widow, Jan. 7, 1872. 
 
 203 Samuel Gilman, born at Gloucester, Nov. 5, 1808; married 
 Sarah, daughter of Sylvester Gardner of Manlius, N. Y., Sept. 
 30, 1839; an Episcopal clergyman; died at Morrisania, Nov. 29, 
 1873. 
 
40 A GENEALOGY OF THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS 
 
 204 Sarah Fuller, bom at Gloucester, Jan. 20, 1811; married at 
 
 Marblehead, Rev. Stejihen C. Millett of Salem, May 6, 1833; 
 died June 7, 1884. 
 
 205 James, born at Gloucester, Mar. 11, 1813; married Sarah Bristol, 
 
 daughter of Samuel L. Edwards of Manlius, N. Y., June 21, 
 1842;diedi\Iarch, 1884. 
 
 206 Marv White, born at Gloucester. Nov. 15, 1815; died Jan. 14, 
 
 1905. 
 
 207 Elizabeth Putnam, born at Gloucester, Dec. 3, 1818; married 
 
 Shelton L. Hall of Kacine, Wis., Sept. 2, 1845; died Mar. 29, 
 1897 at Racine. 
 
 208 Joanna JIooge, born at Marblehead, Feb. 23, 1821 ; married Pey- 
 
 ton R. Morgan, Nov. 9, 1843; died at Racine, April 25, 1870. 
 
 209 Hannah Fuller, born at Marblehead, April 21, 1823; married 
 
 Robert H. Thayer, April 27, 1854; died at Orange, N. J., Nov. 
 10, 1903. 
 
 210 Daniel Fuller, born at Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1826. See No. 
 
 210. 
 
 211 Harkiette Hooper, born at Marblehead, Mar. 24, 1828; married 
 
 Rev. John Cotton Smith, D. D., Fee. 9, 1849, then Rector of 
 St. John's Church, Bangor. He was Rector of the Church of 
 the Ascension, New York, from 1S59 until his death, Jan. 9, 
 1882. His wife d"ed Aug 26, 1905. 
 ': 212 Anna Whittemohe, born at Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1831; married 
 Dr. Chas. H. Osgood, June 21, 1852. 
 
 172. Daniel Appleton,* son of Thomas^, was born in Hamilton, 
 Nov. 5, 1774. He married, Martha Woodbury of Beverly, Nov. 26, 1801, 
 and made his home in that town. 
 
 213 Daniel, born in Beverly, July 4, 1802. A large family of chil- 
 
 dren was born, by this marriage, and a second, with Mary 
 Baker Allen, daughter of William Allen of Manchester. Daniel 
 returned to Ipswich and is the only one, who comes within the 
 scope of this sketch. See No. 213. 
 
 195. Daniel Appleton,' son of Thomas,* was born June 8, 1786. 
 He married Abigail, daughter of Richard Lakeman, Nov. 15, 1812. He 
 died in Dartmoor prison, Jan. 4, 1815. His widow occupied a tenement 
 on the second floor of the old Merrifie'd house, which was bequeathed her 
 by Thomas Appleton, father of her husband. She died April 15, 1857, at 
 the age of 64 years 6 months. 
 
 214 Abigail G., born 1814; died June 9, 1886. 
 
 SEVENTH GENERATION. 
 
 210. Daniel Fuller Appleton,^ son of Gen. James," was born in 
 Marblehead, Jan. 31, 1826. He learned the trade of watch maker and 
 jeweller in Portland, with his brother James, but went to New York, in 
 1846. He entered the employment of Koyal Robl ins, nnd later became 
 Ids partner, luider the firm name of Rob! ins and Appleton. In 1S57, the 
 firm became owners of the new and small watch factory at Waltham, which 
 has grown to be the great manufactory of the American Waltham Watch 
 
OF SAMUEL APPLETON. 41 
 
 Co. Mr. Appleton retained liis interest in the business until his death, and 
 his sons have succeeded him. 
 
 He was a meml er of the first National Convention of the Republican 
 party, which nominated John C. Fremont for President, and was invited 
 to sit on the platform at tl,e Conv( ntion, which nominated Mr. McKinley 
 for the first time. 
 
 Wliile his business interests wtre in New York, his summer home was 
 at the farm, to which he was greatly attached. 
 
 He married 1st, Julia, daughter of Nicholas P.Randall of Manlius, 
 N. Y., June 9, 1853, who died Aug. .10, 1886, at the age of 59 years, 4 
 months, 11 days. 
 
 215 Francis Randall, born Aug. 5, 1854. See No. 215. 
 
 216 Ruth, born May 30. 1857; married Charles Sanders Tuckerni an, 
 
 A. B. Harvard, 1874, on April 15, 1880, who died Aug. 27, 
 1904. 
 
 1 Muriel, bom in Brookline, March 6, 1881. 
 
 2 John Appleton, lorn in Boston, Nov. 26, 1884. A. B. Har- 
 vard. 1905. 
 
 3 Julia Appleton, born in Ipswich, May 17, 1888. 
 
 4 Leverett Saltonstall, born in Salem, Dec. 3, 1892. Their 
 summer home, Applefield, is within the bounds of the 
 original Appleton Farm. For the remainder of the year, 
 their home is in Bo.ston. 
 
 217 Mary Eliza, born April 21, 1860; married Gerald Livingstone 
 
 Hoyt.of Staatsburgh, N. Y., A. B. Yale, 1872, on Nov. 22, 1881. 
 
 1 Juha Marion, born in New York, Mar. 3, 1883. 
 
 2 Lydig, born in New York, Dec. 21, 1883. A. B. Yale, 1906. 
 Their summer home, "The Cottage," is on the Farm. 
 Their winter residence is in New York. 
 
 218 Randolph Morgan, boin Jan. 4, 1862. See No. 218. 
 
 219 James Waldingfield, born June 4, 1867. A. B. Harvard, 1888. 
 
 Mr. Appleton married 2d, Susan A., daughter of Prof. John P. Cowles, 
 of Ipswich, Dec. 17, 1889. He died Feb. 5, 1904. 
 
 213. Daniel Appleton,^ son of Daniel,* was born July 4, 1802, in 
 Beverly. He bought a port on of the Joseph Fellows farm, with half the 
 house, Jan. 16, 1832, and married Mehi table K. Qeaves of Beverly, .April 
 10, 1832. They set up their home on the farm, where he died Oct. 20, 
 1859, His widow lived until Nov. 22, 1888, dying at the age of 83 years, 
 11 months. 
 
 220 Daniel Woodbury, born May 21, 1833. See No. 220. 
 
 221 Marietta Dane, born April 4, 1836; died Sept. 18, 1869. 
 
 222 John William Eliot, born May 22, 1850; died April 2, 1855. 
 
 EIGHTH GENERATION. 
 
 215. Francis Randall Appleton,* son of Daniel Fuller,' was born 
 in New York, Aug. 5, 1854. He was graduated from Harvard College, 
 1875, and took the degree of L. E. B. at Columbia, 1877. His summer 
 
42 A GENEALOGY OP THE IPSWICH DESCENDANTS, ETC. 
 
 home, New House, was built on a lot, originally included in the Appleton 
 Farm. EOis business interests are in New York, where he resides during 
 the winter months. 'i^ 
 
 He married Fanny Lanier, daughter of Charles Lanier, Esq. at Lenox, 
 Mass., Oct. 7, 1884. 
 
 223 Francis Randall, Jr., bom in Lenox, July 9, 1885. A. B. Har- 
 
 vard, 1907. 
 
 224 Charles Lanier, born in New York, Sept. 25, 1886. 
 
 225 Ruth, born in New York, Jan. 10, 1891. 
 
 226 Alice, bom in New York, Dec. 8, 1894. 
 
 227 James, bom in New York, Mar. 6, 1899. 
 
 218. Randolph Morgan Appleton,* son of Daniel Fuller,' was bom 
 at New York, Jan. 4, 1862, and was graduated Irom Harvard College, 1884. 
 
 He married Helen Kortright,of Boston, June 2, 1888. His estate bears 
 the ancestral name, Waldingfield. 
 
 228 Madeline, born in Ipswich, July 8, 1893 . 
 
 229 Julia born in Ipswich, June 5, 1804. 
 
 230 Sybil, born in Boston, Dec. 28, 1899. 
 
 220. Daniel Woodbury Applbton,' son of Daniel,' was born May 
 21, 1833. He married Lucy Abby, dausihter of Jarvis Lamaon of Hamil- 
 ton, April 28, 1870, who died Dec. 6, 1883, aged 34 years, 5 months. He 
 died Oct. 27, 1903, in the house, in which he was born. 
 
 231 Daniel How.uid, born Nov. 30, 1874. See No. 231. 
 
 232 Marietta Dane, bom Nov. 13, 1876; married Amos E. L. Scotton, 
 
 Aug. 24, 1896. 
 
 1 Gladys Appleton, born Nov. 29, 1896. 
 
 2 Edward Lawrence, born July 13, 1899. 
 
 3 Lucie Abbie, bora Jan. 10, 1901. 
 
 4 Harold Everett, bom July 29, 1902. 
 
 233 Eliot Lamson', born April 9, 1831. 
 
 NINTH GENERATION. 
 
 231. Daniel Howard Appleton,' son of Daniel W.,* was born Nov. 
 30, 1874; married Cora M. Manthom, Aug. 3, 1895; died June 14, 1899. 
 234 Daniel Howard, Jr., bom, 1895. 
 
ANNUAL MEETING. 
 
 The Annnal meeting of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 was held on Monday, December 3, 1908, at Whipple House. 
 The following officers were elected. 
 
 President. — T. Frank Waters. 
 Vice Presidents. — John B. Brown, 
 
 Francis R. Appleton. 
 Directors. — Charles A, Sayward, 
 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 
 Jolm W. Nourse. 
 Clerk. — John W. Goodhue. 
 
 Corresponding Secretary and Treasurer. — ^T. Frank Waters. 
 Librarian. — John J. Sullivan. 
 
 Social Committee. 
 Mrs. Edward Damon, Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Howard B. Dawson, Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 Mrs. Francis H. Richardson. Mrs. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 Mrs. Henry R. Kenyon, Mrs. Joseph F. Ross, 
 
 Miss Sarah E. Lakeman, Mrs. Frank W. Kyes. 
 
 The Committee was authorized to fill any vacancies that 
 may occur in its membership, and enlarge it, if occasion 
 requires. 
 
 (43) 
 
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT— DEC. 3. 1906. 
 
 We may congratulate ourselves on the abundant and increas- 
 ing prosperity of our Society. In some respects, the record of 
 the year, which has now ended, has been phenomenal. 
 
 Our House, always our most valuable and most interesting 
 asset, is coming into wider and wider renown. The Report of 
 our Curator, to be sure, indicates only the average number of 
 visitors, whose names have been recorded, a round thousand, 
 including the 89 names of our townspeople. But it is acquiring 
 distinction as a notable old mansion and winning its way into 
 the hearts of our townsfolk. When friends are being entertained 
 they are invariably brought here, and when the annual supper is 
 spread and the old rooms are lighted and warmed in the olden 
 style, and the long tables are heavy with the ancient good cheer, 
 a multitude comes to enjoy the grand occasion. 
 
 But friends from afar have come pressing in this year as never 
 before. The Bay State League, a federation of the historical 
 societies of eastern Massachusetts, met here on June 2nd. Their 
 headquarters were established in our House, and their lunch was 
 eaten in our garden, their boxes being supplemented with hot 
 coffee and cold water by our Social Committee. The annual 
 meeting with addresses was held in the South Church and a tour 
 of sight-seeing to view the historic spots of our Town was plan- 
 ned for the final feature of the day's doings. A severe thunder- 
 shower made this impossible. 
 
 A week later, under sunnier skys, the Governor Thomas Dud- 
 ley Family gathered in the ancient dwelling, where Dudley and 
 Bradstreet, no doubt, had often hob-nobbed with Elder Whipple. 
 Their visit to the ancient house-sites on High Street was the occa- 
 sion of brief but admirable services of commemoration. The 
 graduating class of the Grammar School came one afternoon, 
 with their teacher, Miss Isabel G. Arthur, and saw the rooms 
 and their furnishings. It was a happy thought on her part and 
 (44) 
 
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 45 
 
 we are led to inquire why other teachers do not come with their 
 classes? Xo better illustration of the early life of our Town 
 and no finer inspiration to historical study can be imagined. 
 
 The last of the June pilgrimages was the great visitation of the 
 Old South Historical Society on the 24th. Nearly three hun- 
 dred tickets had been sold and the ladies had undertaken the 
 formidable task of providing lunch for this hungry multitude. 
 The work was entered upon with enthusiasm and extraordinary 
 interest in the success of the undertaking was shown by our citi- 
 zens generally. Generous gifts of money and food revealed 
 lovalty to our Society as universal. Unfortunately the day 
 proved wet and cold, but a visit was paid to our House and to 
 some of the nearer historic localities before lunch was served. 
 The broad steps and ample corridors and lower rooms of the 
 South Church afforded a timely shelter, and a convenient place 
 for the mid-day rest and refreshment. Then the auditorium 
 was thrown open and inspiring addresses were delivered by Mr. 
 Edwin D. Mead, Mrs. Lucia Ames Mead and others. The 
 river trip was abandoned of necessity, but a line of trolley cars 
 bore our guests away to Xewburyport and the Merrimac. 
 
 The Hovey family made its annual visit and the Saturday 
 Evening Club of Bradford came down in the late Fall to have a 
 quiet supper in our great kitchen. The sum total, financially, 
 from these pilgrimages and gastronomic enterprizes was S1S7.92, 
 to which is to be added a large prospective asset from the vivid 
 remembrances of many pilgrims, who will come again to see the 
 House at their leisure. The door fees paid by visitors amounted 
 to $156.75. Publications were sold to the amount of §27.55 and 
 notwithstanding the superabundance of cheap pictures in the 
 store windows, the sale of photographs of the House, without and 
 within, doubled that of the previous year (amounting to $30.45). 
 A small percentage of profit remains, but the interest of visitors 
 is enhanced. 
 
 The total receipts, which may be credited to our House ac- 
 count, as it is always the foremost thing in the minds of those 
 who come, were §402.67. The expense of maintenance, includ- 
 ing fuel for the curator, sundry repairs, cost of photographs, the 
 care of the house and grounds, and re-setting a line of spruce 
 trees, was S179.23. The cost of the last item was met, however, 
 
46 REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 by the balance of the contribution of the Ipswich Mill, carried 
 over from the previous year. No small credit for this gratifying 
 exhibit is due to our excellent curator, Mr. Washington P. Pick- 
 ard, for his constant endeavors for the advantage of the Society 
 and his fidelity to all the details of his responsible office. 
 
 The receipts from membership fees were $378.36, and from 
 book sales by mail, S29.94, making the total income $810.97. 
 Adding $290.60, the balance from 1905, the credit account is 
 $1101.57. The expenditures include as the principal items, 
 $100 for interest on the mortgage, $200 paid on the face of the 
 mortgage, reducing it to $2300, $179.23 on the House account, 
 and $334.26 for printing. This large item is due to the rather 
 ambitious character of our last issue. "The Simple Cobbler of 
 Aggawam," by the eminent Nathaniel Ward, the 4th edition, 
 1647, was included in the list of valuable books, given by the late 
 Daniel Fuller Appleton. This unique work has been repro- 
 duced with facsimile title page, preface, initial letters, head lines, 
 etc. and an antique type, which resembles the original. The 
 paging has also been preserved. Part of the edition was pub- 
 lished in pamphlet form and the remainder, on heavier paper, 
 has been bound in boards. It has met with a very compliment- 
 ary reception from Mr. Mead and other historical students and 
 will have a steady sale, we may reasonably believe. As no pub- 
 lication was issued in 1905, the average expenditure for the two 
 years has not been exceeded very materially. The work of pub- 
 lication is the most enduring and perhaps the most valuable ser- 
 vice to the great public, that an Historical Society can perform. 
 Our Society has attained an honorable distinction for its work 
 both for quality and quantity and the sale is steady. The aggre- 
 gate receipt of about $60 from this .source is a very satisfactory 
 interest on the original cost. Some of the contributions which 
 have come to us this year are of especial interest. Miss R. B. 
 Manning of Salem gave the "Publishment Box" used by Eben- 
 ezer Burnham, the Town Clerk of Ipswich, for the displaying of 
 marriage intentions. Mr. William E. Gould of Brookline pre- 
 sented an original musical composition, entitled Mannering, 
 written by Gen. Henry K. Oliver of Salem on his 75th birthday 
 and given to the donor. Mrs. Josiah Dudley has deposited with 
 us the portrait of Rev. Daniel Fitz, D.D., painted by a native 
 
REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 47 
 
 artist in Canton and a painting of the ship Malay, which was 
 commanded by Capt. Dudley and by Captain Joseph Willcomb. 
 The valuable collection of sea-charts, owned by the late Capt. 
 Richard T. Dodge, is likely to come into our possession. We 
 hope that this will prove to be a nucleus of a marine collection, 
 which would be of rare interest. The old sailors are passing 
 away, and the sailing ships, which opened a career for many 
 Ipswich boys are fast disappearing. A collectionof oldlog-books, 
 pictures and full rigged models of the sailing craft of various 
 builds with lists of the vessels, built in our own ship yards, and 
 of the men, who sailed in them, if it is to be made at all, must be 
 made now, and any contributions of this kind will be particu- 
 larly welcome. 
 
 But where would such a collection be displayed? Not in this 
 House, for the rooms would afford no opportunity for its proper 
 arrangement. For this, and for other collections, which are now 
 waiting, and for our growing library a new building, designed 
 for museum purposes, and for the various needs of the society, 
 will soon be needed. We suggest to our wealthy and public- 
 spirited friends, if the funds for such a building are not forth- 
 coming, that provision be made for legacies, which will be avail- 
 able for this end. The Nantucket Historical Association has 
 recently received a legacy of $10,000. The Beverly Historical 
 Society fell heir to the fine old mansion, which answers its pur- 
 poses so admirably. The Methuen Society has been richly 
 endowed by Mr. Searles. A Memorial building, designed to 
 commemorate the fame of Ipswich men and women and per- 
 petuate their remembrance, which would provide room for an 
 Art collection, for a lecture hall, as well as for a large museum, 
 would be of great value to our Society and to the Town. When 
 will the first gift be announced ? 
 
 That the pride of ancestry is strong, has been illustrated very 
 effectively. The Giles Firmin Garden, named in honor of the 
 first Ipswich physician, whose home lot included the newly made 
 garden, was the beneficiary of a summer fete on the grounds 
 of Mr. Henry Brown, in August, 1906. The guests were invited 
 to enroll their names and also that of any citizen of ancient 
 Ipswich, to whom they trace their ancestry. Great enthusiasm 
 
48 
 
 REPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 was aroused and it was 
 were represented by the 
 
 Samuel Appleton 
 John Baker 
 Thos. Boreman 
 Thos. Burnham 
 John Caldwell 
 John Cogswell 
 John Dane 
 Gen. Daniel Denison 
 Sarah Dillingham 
 Gov. Thos. Dudley 
 Michael Farley 
 Philip Fowler 
 Edward French 
 Dea. William Goodhue 
 Thomas Harris 
 Luke Heard 
 Daniel Hovey 
 Richard Kimball 
 Robert Kinsman 
 
 found that the following early settlers 
 appended number of guests. 
 
 19 Thomas Knowlton 1 
 
 3 Mistress Hannah Lake 1 
 
 4 Archelaus Lakeman 1 
 3 Robert Lord 4 
 3 John Perkins 2 
 2 Anthony Potter 3 
 1 John Proctor 1 
 
 1 Rev. Nath. Rogers 3 
 
 2 Kilicross Ross 1 
 1 Henry Russell 1 
 1 The Worshipful Mr. Richard 
 
 3 Saltonstall 1 
 
 1 Richard Sutton 1 
 
 2 Edward Treadwell 1 
 
 4 Thomas Treadwell 1 
 2 Jonathan Wade 2 
 
 1 Matthew Whipple 1 
 
 2 John Winthrop, Jr. 2 
 8 Rev. John Wise 1 
 
 Surely, this just pride in such eminent ancestry may bring 
 forth fruit in due time, in the enduring and honorable Memorial 
 which we desire. 
 
REPORT OF THE CURATOR 
 FOR THE YEAR ENDING DEC. 3, 1906. 
 
 Names recorded in the Register. .... 984 
 
 Names of Ipswich residents, 89 
 
 Names of residents of Massachusetts not including 
 
 Ipswich, 534 
 
 Names of residents of other States, .... 311 
 
 On June 2, the Bay State League of Historical Societies visited 
 the House. 
 
 June 9, the Governor Thomas Dudley Family Association. 
 
 June , The ninth Grade, Manning Grammar School. 
 
 June 24, The Old South Historical Society. About 230 came, 
 
 but only a small number recorded their names. 
 Aug. 7, The Hovey Family, 
 Nov. , The Saturday Evening Club from Bradford. 
 
 The actual number of visitors to the House was probably about 
 1200. 
 
 Washington P. Pickard. 
 
 Curator. 
 
 (49) 
 
REPORT OF THE TREASURER FOR THE YEAR 
 ENDING, DECEMBER 3, 1906. 
 
 T. F. Waters in account with the Ipsv/ich Historical Society. 
 
 Dr. 
 
 To Membership fees, . 
 " Sales of books, by mail . 
 " Receipts from Whipple House, 
 Door fees, .... 
 Sales of books, 
 
 " " photographs, . 
 From entertainment of the Gov 
 Dudley Family Asso., 
 Hovey Family, 
 Bay State League, . 
 Old South Historical See, 
 Saturday Evening Club, 
 Annual Supper, 
 
 Balance in treasury, Dec. 1, 1905, 
 
 Cr. 
 
 Thomas 
 
 Paid on Mortgage, 
 
 " " Interest, 
 
 " " Printing, 
 
 " Stationary, Postage, etc., . 
 
 " Incidentals, 
 
 House account. 
 
 Paid for Fuel, 
 
 " Table furnishings and partial 
 ment for stove, 
 Water Tax, . . . . 
 
 Photographs, . . . . 
 Trees and setting, 
 
 Repairs, 
 
 Care of house and grounds. 
 
 Cash in treasury, Dec. 3, 1906, 
 
 (50) 
 
 Pay- 
 
 $156.75 
 27.55 
 30.46 
 
 15.00 
 5.00 
 
 14.32 
 
 100.45 
 
 6.50 
 
 46.65 
 
 402.67 
 
 45.86 
 
 $378.36 
 29.94 
 
 402.67 
 
 810.97 
 290.60 
 
 $1101.57 
 
 $200.00 
 
 100.00 
 
 334.26 
 
 25.68 
 
 4.80 
 
 18.50 
 
 
 11.00 
 
 
 31.35 
 
 
 20.00 
 
 
 5.77 
 
 
 46.75 
 
 179.23 
 
 179.23 
 
 843.97 
 
 
 257.60 
 
 [101.57 
 
MEMBERS. 
 
 Mrs. Alice C. Bemis 
 James H. Proctor 
 Charles G. Rice 
 
 LIFE MEMBERS. 
 
 Colorado Springs, Col. 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 RE8IDBNT MEMBERS. 
 
 Dr. Charles E. Ames, 
 Mrs. Susan A. R. Appleton, 
 Francis K. Appleton, 
 Mrs. Frances L. Appleton, 
 Francis R. Appleton, Jr., 
 James W. Appleton, 
 Randolph M Appleton, 
 Miss S. Isabel Arthur, 
 Dr. G. Guy Bailey, 
 Mrs. Elizabeth H. Baker, 
 Mrs. Ellen B. Baker, 
 John H. Baker, 
 Miss Katharine C. Baker, 
 Charles W. Bamford, 
 George K. Barnard, 
 Miss Mary I). Bates, 
 John A. Blake, 
 James W. Bond, 
 Warren Boynton, 
 Albert S. Brown, 
 Albert S. Brown, Jr., 
 Charles W. Brown, 
 Edward F. Brown, 
 Mrs. Cnrrie R. Brown, 
 Henry Brown, 
 Mrs. Lavinia A. Brown, 
 Robert Brown, 
 Ralph W. Bnrnhara, 
 Mrs. Nellie Mae Burnham, 
 Fred F. Byron, 
 Miss Joanna Caldwell, 
 Miss Lydia A. Caldwell, 
 Miss Sarah P. Caldwell, 
 Charles A. Campbell, 
 Mrs. Lavinia Campbell, 
 Edward W. Choate, 
 Philip E. Clarke, 
 Mrs. Mary E. Clarke, 
 Sturgis Coffin, 2d, 
 John H. Cogswell, 
 Miss Harriet D. Condon, 
 Brainerd J. Conley, 
 Rev. Edward Constant, 
 Miss Roxana C. Cowlea, 
 
 Rev. Temple Cutler, 
 Arthur C. Damon, 
 Mrs. Carrie Damon, 
 Mrs. Cordelia Damon, 
 Everett G. Damon, 
 Harry K. Damon, 
 Mrs. Abhy Danforth, 
 Miss Edith L. Daniels, 
 Mrs. Howard DaAvson, 
 George G. Dexter, 
 Miss C. Bertha Dobson, 
 Harry K. Dodge, 
 Rev. John M. Donovan, 
 Arthur W. Dow, 
 Dana F. Dow, 
 Mrs. Sarah B. Dudley, 
 Mrs. Charles G. Dyer, 
 Mrs. Emma F'arley, 
 Miss Lucy U. Farley, 
 Miss Abbie M. Fellows, 
 Benjamin Fewkes, 
 James E. Gallagher, 
 John S. Glover, 
 Charles E. Goodhue, 
 Frank T. Goodhue, 
 John W. Goodhue, 
 William Goodhue, 
 John J. Gould, 
 James Graffum, 
 Mrs. Eliza H. Green, 
 Mrs. Lois H. Hardy, 
 George Harris, 
 Mrs. Kate L. Haskell, 
 George H. W. Hayes, 
 Mrs. Alice L. Heard, 
 Miss Alice Heard, 
 John Heard, 
 Miss Mary A. Hodgdon, 
 Miss S. Louise Holmes, 
 Charles G. Hull, 
 Miss Lucy S. Jewett, 
 Miss Amy M. Johnson, 
 Miss Ida B. Johnson, 
 John A. Johnson, 
 
 (51) 
 
52 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Miss Ellen M. Jordan, 
 
 Albert Jovce. 
 
 Charles M. Kelly, 
 
 Mrs. Caroline Kenyon, 
 
 Fred A. Kimball, 
 
 Robert S. Kimball, 
 
 Mrs. Isabelle G. Kimball, 
 
 Miss Bethiah 1). Kinsman, 
 
 Mrs. Susan K. Kinsman, 
 
 Willard F. Kinsman, 
 
 Mrs. Mary Q. Kinsman, 
 
 Dr. Frank W. Kyes, 
 
 Mrs. Geoigie C. Kyes, 
 
 Elizabeth E. Lakeman, 
 
 J. Howard Lakeman, 
 
 Mrs. G. F. Langdon, 
 
 Austin L. Lord, 
 
 George A. Lord, 
 
 Miss Lucy Slade Lord, 
 
 Thomas H. Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Lncretia S. Lord, 
 
 Walter E- Lord, 
 
 Mrs. Mary B. Main, 
 
 James F. Mann. 
 
 Joseph Marshall, 
 
 Everard H. Martin, 
 
 Mrs. Marietta K. Martin, 
 
 Miss Abby L. Newman, 
 
 William .). Norwood, 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth B. Norwood, 
 
 John W. Nourse, 
 
 Charles H. Noyes, 
 
 Mrs. Harriet E Noyes, 
 
 Rev. Reginald Pearce, 
 
 I. E. B. Perkins. 
 
 Miss Carrie S. Perley, 
 
 Augustine H. Plouff, 
 
 Mrs. Frances E. Richardson, 
 
 James S. Robinson, Jr., 
 
 Mrs. Anna C. C. Robinson, 
 Miss Anna W. Koss, 
 Frederick G. Ho.ss, 
 Mrs. Mary F. Ross, 
 Joseph F. Ross, 
 Mrs. Helena Ross, 
 William S Knssell, 
 William W Russell, 
 Daniel Safford, 
 Angus Savory, 
 Charles A. Sayward, 
 Mrs. Henrietta \V. Suyward, 
 George A. Schotield, 
 Amos E. Scottou, 
 Mrs. Harriet G. Shaw, 
 Dexter M. Smith. 
 Mrs. Olive P. Smith, 
 Mrs. Elizabeth K. Spanlding 
 George W. Starkey, 
 Dr. Frank H. Stockwell, 
 Mrs. Sadie B. Stockwell, 
 Edward M. Sullivan, 
 John J. Sullivan, 
 Mrs. Elizabeth M. Sullivan, 
 Arthur L. Sweetser, 
 Samuel H. Thurston, 
 George W. Tozer, 
 Miss Ellen R. Trask, 
 Miss Laura B. Underbill, 
 Jesse H. Wade, 
 Miss Nellie F. Wade, 
 Miss Emma E. Wait, 
 Luther Wait, 
 Rev. T. Frank Waters, 
 Mrs. Adeline M. Waters. 
 Miss Susan C. Whipple, 
 Mrs. Marianna Whittier, 
 Miss Eva Adams Willcomb. 
 Chester P. Woodbury, 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Frederick J. Alley 
 Mrs Mary G. Alley 
 William F. J. Boardman 
 Albert D. Bosson* 
 Mrs. Alice C. Bosson* 
 Mrs. Mary P. Bosworth 
 John B. Brown* 
 Mrs. Lucy T. Brown* 
 Frank T. Burnham . 
 Rev. Augustine Caldwell 
 Eben Caldwell . 
 Miss Florence F. Caldwell 
 John A. Caldwell 
 Mrs. Luther Caldwell 
 Miss Mira E. Caldwell 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Hartford, Conn. 
 Chelsea, Mass. 
 
 .' New York, N. Y. 
 Chicago, 111. 
 
 So. Framingham, Mass. 
 
 Eliot, Me. 
 
 Elizab^'th, N. J. 
 
 . Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Winchester, Mass. 
 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 
 * Snmmer home in Ipswich. 
 
NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 53 
 
 Winthrop Chanler 
 Rufus Choate 
 Alexander B. Clark 
 Mrs. Edward Cordis 
 Mrs. Lin;i C. Cushing 
 Charles Davis . 
 Fellowes Davis . 
 Horatio Davis . 
 Joseph D. Dodge 
 Mrs. Edith S. Dole 
 Joseph K. Farley 
 Sylvanns C. Farley 
 Amos Tuck French 
 Edward B. George 
 Dr. J. L. Goodale* 
 Dr. E. S. Goodhue 
 Samuel V. Goodhue 
 William E. Gould 
 Dr. F. B. Harrington* 
 Miss Louiso M. Hodgkins 
 Kev. Horace C. Hovey 
 Miss Euth A. Hovev 
 Gerald L. Hoyt* 
 Mrs. May Hoyt* 
 Miss Julia Hoyt* 
 Lydig Hoyt* 
 Albert P. Jordan 
 Arthur S. Kimball 
 Rev. John C. Kimball 
 Rev. Frederic J. Kinsman 
 Curtis E. Lakeman . 
 Mrs. Mary A. Lord* 
 Dr. Sidney A. Lord . 
 Mrs. Frances E. iMarkoe 
 Mrs. Anna Osgood* . 
 Rev. Robert B. Barker* 
 Mrs. Mary A. Parsons 
 Asahel H. Patch 
 Mrs Anna P. Peabody* 
 Moritz B. Philipp* 
 Bo wen W. Pier son 
 Frederick H. Plouft' . 
 Mrs. Jesse W. P. Purdy 
 A. Davidson Remick 
 James E. Richardson 
 Dr. Mark W. Richardson* 
 Mrs. Lucy C. Roberts 
 Derby Rogers 
 Albert Rnssell . 
 Mrs. E. M. H. Slade 
 Edward H. Smith 
 Miss Elizabetli P. Smith 
 Henry P. Smith 
 Mrs. Caroline P. Smith 
 Rev. R. Cotton Smith* 
 Dr. E. W. Taylor* . 
 Rev. William G. Thayer" 
 
 Wailuku 
 
 Lihue, Kauai 
 
 Maui 
 
 Lynn 
 
 Genesee, N. Y. 
 
 Essex, Mass. 
 
 Peabody, Mass. 
 
 Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
 
 Washington, 1). C. 
 
 East Milton, 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Lynn, Mass. 
 
 Newbury, Mass. 
 
 Hawaiian Islands. 
 
 Alton, lU. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Ivowley, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Ha^viiiian L^lands. 
 
 Salem, Mhss. 
 
 Brookline, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Wilbraham, Mass. 
 
 Newburvport, Mass. 
 
 Lake Mohonk, N. Y. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 London, Eng. 
 
 Fresno. Cal. 
 
 Oberliu, Ohio. 
 
 Greenfield, Mass. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Albany. N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Cromwol!. Conn. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 
 Orange, N. J. 
 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 field Center, Mass. 
 
 Clarksville, Tenu. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Reading, Peun. 
 
 Boston. Mass. 
 
 Salem, ?vlass. 
 
 Bo.ston, Mass. 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 New Canaan, Conn. 
 
 Portland, Me. 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Brookline, Mass. 
 c( (( 
 
 Washinuton, D. C. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Sonthboro, Mass. 
 
 * Summer home in Ipswich. 
 
54 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 NON-RESIDENT MEMBERS. 
 
 Andrew S. Thomson 
 Dr. Harvey P. Towle* 
 Dr. (^has. W. Townsend* 
 Miss Ann U. Tread well 
 Bayai'd Tuckerman* 
 Mrs. Ruth A. Tuckerman* 
 Charles H. Tweed 
 Mrs. Margaret Wade 
 Major Chas. VV. Whipple 
 Wallace P. Willett* 
 Mrs. Elizabeth Willett* 
 Egerton L. Winthrop, Jr. 
 Frederic Winthrop 
 Robert D. Winthrop 
 Chalmers Wood* 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS 
 
 John Albree, Jr. 
 Miss Caroline Farley 
 Frank C. Farley 
 Mrs. Katherine S. Farley 
 Mrs. Eunice W. F'elton 
 Jesse Fewkes . 
 Reginald Foster 
 Augustus P. Gardner 
 Charles I>. Goodhue 
 Miss Alice A. Gray 
 Miss Emily R. Gray 
 Arthur VV. Hale 
 Albert Farley Heard, 2d 
 Otis Kimball 
 Mrs. Otis Kimball 
 Miss Sarah S. Kimball 
 Frederick J. Kingsbury 
 Miss Caroline T. Leeds 
 Miss Katherine P. Loring 
 Mrs. Susan M. Loring 
 Mrs. Elizabeth R. Lyman 
 Josiah H. Mann 
 Henry S. Manning 
 Mrs. Mary W. Manning 
 George von L. Meyer 
 Miss Esther Parmenter 
 Mrs. Mary S. C. Peabody 
 Richard M. S alto n stall 
 Denisou R. Slade 
 Joseph Spiller 
 Miss Ellen A. Stone 
 Harry W. Tyler 
 Albert Wade 
 Edward P. Wade 
 W. F. Warner 
 George Willcomb 
 
 Wenhain, Mass. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Jamaica Plain, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 Newton, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 East Orange, N.J. 
 
 '. New York, N, Y. 
 . Hamilton, Mass. 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 
 Swampscott, Mass. 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 So. Manchester, Conn. 
 
 Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 Newton, Mass 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Hamilton, Mass. 
 
 Springfield, Mass. 
 
 Sanquoit, N.Y. 
 
 Winchester, Mass 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Salem, Mass. 
 
 Waterbury, Conn. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 . Brookline, Mass. 
 
 Ipswieh, Mass. 
 
 . New York, N. Y. 
 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Chicopee, Mass. 
 
 Ipswich, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Center Harbor, N. H. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 East Lexington, Mass. 
 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 Alton, 111. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 •Summer home in Ipswich. 
 
Membership in the Ipswich Historical Society involves 
 the payment of an annual due of $2, or a single payment of 
 $50, which secures Life Membership. Members are entitled 
 to a copy of the regular pubh cations of the Society, in pam- 
 phlet form, without expense, free admission to the House 
 with friends, and the privilege of voting in the business 
 meetings. 
 
 There are no restrictions as to place of residence. Any 
 person, who is interested in the Society and desires to pro- 
 mote its welfare, is eligible to membership. We desire to 
 enlarge the non-resident membership list until it shall include 
 as many as possible of those, who trace their descent to our 
 Town. 
 
 Names may be sent at any time to the President, but the 
 election of members usually occurs only at the annual meet- 
 ing in December. 
 
 LOFC. 
 
 (55) 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY 
 
 1 633-1 700 
 
 By Thomaa Franklin Waters, President of the Ipswich Historical Society 
 ONE VOLUME IN TWO PARTS 
 
 I 
 II 
 III 
 
 IV 
 
 V 
 
 VI 
 
 VII 
 
 VIII 
 
 IX 
 
 X 
 
 XI 
 
 XII 
 
 XIII 
 
 XIV 
 
 XV 
 XVI 
 XVII 
 
 PART ONE 
 
 Primeval Agav/am, study of the Indian life 
 
 The Coming of the English 
 
 Homes and Dress . 
 
 Some notable Settlers. John Winthrop, Jr., Thomas 
 Dudley, Richard Saltonstall, Simon and Ann Brad- 
 street, Rev. Nathaniel Ward, John Norton 
 
 The Development of our Town Government 
 
 Common Lands and Commonage 
 
 Trades and Employments 
 
 The Body Politic 
 
 The Sabbath and the Meeting House . 
 
 The Early Military Annals 
 
 The Charter in Peril. Samuel Symonds, Daniel Deni- 
 son, John Appleton . . .... 
 
 The Grammar School and Harvard College. Ezekiel 
 Cheeverand his successors, and many famous pupils 
 of the Grammar School ...... 
 
 King Philip's War; contains Major Samuel Appleton 's 
 military letters and a complete list of the soldiers in 
 that war ......... 
 
 Ipswich and the Andres Government. A careful study 
 of the attitude of Ipswich men in this critical period, 
 with many documents, warrants for arrest, deposi- 
 tions, records, etc. Rev. John Wise, Major Samuel 
 Appleton, John Appleton, Jr., Thomas French, Wil- 
 liam Goodhue, John Andrews, Robert Kinsman . 
 
 Laws and Courts ....... 
 
 Witchcraft ... .... 
 
 War of William and Mary and other Indian troubles, 
 witli a list of soldiers so far as known .... 
 
 pp. 1-6 
 
 7-20 
 
 21-44 
 
 45-55 
 
 56-67 
 
 68-74 
 
 75-86 
 
 87-106 
 
 107-118 
 
 119-127 
 
 128-145 
 
 146-158 
 
 159-224 
 
 225-273 
 274-286 
 287-300 
 
 301-313 
 
 The material for this work has been derived, by original 
 research, chiefly from the Town Records, the Records of the 
 old Ipswich Quarter Sessions Court and other Court Records, 
 the Massachusetts Bay Records, the Massachusetts Archives, 
 and contemporaneous published works, 8o far as possible. 
 
 (56) 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY, 
 
 57 
 
 It is illustrated with facsimiles of ancient documents and 
 photographs. 
 
 PART TWO 
 
 is a study of the original land grants for house lots on all the 
 ancient streets and lanes, and the successive owners to the 
 present generation, with diagrams, maps, and photographs of 
 many ancient dwellings. 
 
 The dates of the erection of houses are noted in many 
 instances, and all transfers are accompanied with citations of 
 the Book and Leaf of the ancient Ipswich Deeds (5 volumes), 
 and the Records of the Essex County Registry of Deeds and 
 Registry of Probate. Some eighteen hundred citations are 
 made from the original sources, and these constitute the sole 
 authority for this record of locations, ownerships, and the 
 probable age and identity of dwellings. 
 
 Besides this, there are seven appendices to the volume, 
 giving important historical material under the following heads: 
 A summary of the names of the first settlers from 1633 to 
 1649; Some Early Inventories; The Letters of Rev. Nathan- 
 iel Ward; The Letters of Giles Firmin; The Letters of Sam- 
 uel Symonds; The Valedictory and Monitory Writing left by 
 Sarah Goodhue; The Diary of Rev. John Wise, Chaplain 
 in the Expedition to Quebec. There Ls also a copious Index. 
 
 The book will be of particular interest and importance to 
 those who are of Ipswich ancestry, and especially, those re- 
 lated to the Ipswich families of 
 
 APPLETON 
 
 FARLEY 
 
 KNOWLTON 
 
 ROGERS 
 
 BAKER 
 
 FOSTER 
 
 LAKEMAN 
 
 ROSS 
 
 BROWN 
 
 GOODHUE 
 
 LORD 
 
 RUST 
 
 BURNHAM 
 
 HARRIS 
 
 MANNING 
 
 SALTONSTALL 
 
 CALDWELL 
 
 HEARD 
 
 NEWMAN 
 
 SMITH 
 
 CHOATE 
 
 HODGKINS 
 
 NORTON 
 
 SYMONDS 
 
 CLARK 
 
 HOVEY 
 
 PAINE 
 
 TREADWELL 
 
 COGSWELL 
 
 HUBBARD 
 
 PERKINS 
 
 WADE 
 
 DENISON 
 
 JEWITT 
 
 POTTER 
 
 WAINWRIGHT 
 
 DODGE 
 
 KIMBALL 
 
 PULCIFER 
 
 WHIPPLE 
 
 DUTCH 
 
 KINSMAN 
 
 RINGE 
 
 WILLCOMB 
 
 
 WINTHROP 
 
 
 and many others. 
 
 
 
 Price. 
 
 Five dollars, net. 
 
 Postage, thirty-six cents. 
 
58 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM REVIEWS AND LETTERS. 
 
 {From The Nation, New York.) 
 
 In one feature, at least, this ample and handsomely printed work 
 surpasses any other town history that we have ever encountered. We 
 refer to that portion of the second half which deals with "Houses 
 and Lands," and which, with the aid of a diagram, traces the for- 
 tunes of each dwelling and lot of the original settler nominatim not 
 only to 1700, but to the present day. This enormous labor is for- 
 tified by the citation of wills and deeds, and the result is a firm base 
 for all future researches. It is supplemented by a summary of the 
 names of the settlers from 1633 to 1649, with the year in which each 
 name first occurs in the town records, and by some sample inventories 
 of personal effects. Other remarkable lists of the early inhabitants have 
 been constructed for the chapter entitled "The Body Politic; " and show 
 that out of an enrolled male population in 1678 totalling 508, there were 
 220 commoners and 125 freemen (17 of these not being commoners). The 
 freemen alone were entitled to vote for the officers and magistrates of 
 the Colony and to speak and vote in town meeting ; the commoners might 
 vote on all questions relating to the common lands; the residue, so-called 
 Resident, were eligible for jury duty and to vote for selectmen. 
 
 Mr. Waters 's historical treatment is episodical and is very pleasingly 
 manifested in the opening chapters on the aborigines as described by 
 the first Englishmen and on home and dress. These themes are in- 
 vested with a really fresh interest, and set forth with noticeable literary 
 skiU. 
 
 Much remains to be said or sayable, but we must stay our hand. 
 Mr. Waters 's work, which we hope he will follow up for later times, as he 
 half promises, takes its place in the front rank of its class, and can 
 hardly be praised too highly for diligent research, candor, taste, style and 
 construction. 
 
 (From a letter, written by C. B. Tillinghast, State Librarian of Massachusetts.) 
 
 "The story of the founders of Ipswich which you have told with so 
 much detail and skill in the first half of the volume, is of course in large 
 degree the story of the early life of the settlers in other parts of the Colony 
 and this study, which you have founded with such pains-taking accuracy 
 largely upon original and documentary sources of information makes the 
 volume of the widest general interest to all, who have an interest in the 
 early settlers and their mode of life. This feature of the book it seems to 
 me, is unequalled by any other available publication and should commend 
 it to the favorable attention of all libraries. 
 
 The topographical study which forms the latter portion of the book, 
 is a model of what such a study should be, and in this respect, Ipswich 
 territory is of special interest. 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 59 
 
 ' ' You have made in this volume a contribution to the local, tlie funda- 
 mental history of the Commonwealth, whicli few, if any volumes equal 
 and none excel. ' ' 
 
 (From a Review by the New York Daily Tribune.) 
 
 The president of the Ipswich Historical Society lias prepared in this 
 volume a model of its kind. He tells in thoroughly entertaining fashion 
 the history of this early Colonial town — the Agawam of Indians — and 
 he adds in Part II such a detailed account of its houses and lands as must 
 ever be of value to all connected by ties of blood or property with Ipswich. 
 Photographs of the many ancient houses which survive, together with 
 maps, diagrams and facsimiles illustrate and elucidate the text. 
 
 The story of the town holds so much of the struggle, the tragedy and 
 the quaintness of seventeenth century life in tlie colony that it would have 
 been difficult to make it other than interesting. 
 
 The services of Ipswich men in King Philip 's War and their sturdy 
 protest against the usurpation of tlie Andros government are chronicled 
 here, and are not to be forgotten by Americans. In the resistance to what 
 she considered an unjust tax, Ipswicli may claim a high place among the 
 earliest supporters of the right of self government. 
 
 {From George H. Martin, Secretary of the State Board of Education of 
 Massachusetts.) 
 
 I have examined with care tlie whole of your new book on Ipsv.'ich 
 and I have read with increasing interest as much as time would allow. It 
 is a great book and will prove of immense service to all students of early 
 colonial history. 
 
 I do not think I have found anywhere so vivid a picture presented of 
 Puritan town life in all its phases as you have given. The thorough way 
 in wliich you have handled the matter of land grants is a model for all 
 local historians. 
 
 I congratulate you heartily upon having made an addition to the local 
 history of New England, which is unsurpassed in tlie choice of matter, and 
 in the felicity of its presentation. 
 
 (From the Boston Transcript.) 
 
 A most important addition to the literature of New England history 
 is made by Mr. Thomas Franklin Waters in this volume. Ipswicli — the 
 Agawam of 270 years ago — is one of the most picturesque towns in the 
 Commonwealth, and aside from its attractions of location and scenery, is 
 particularly rich in historical associations. No town in its early conditions 
 more accurately typifies early New England life, and in the narrative of 
 its struggles and development may be read that of a score of other settle- 
 ments of the same period. "I have tried, ' ' says Mr. Waters in his preface, 
 "to teU accurately, but in readable fashion, the story of the builders of 
 
60 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 
 
 our town, their homes and home life, their employments, their Sabbath- 
 keeping, their love of learning, their administration of town affairs, their 
 stern delusions, their heroism in war and in resistance to tyranny." To 
 anyone familiar with the beautiful old town the book will have all the 
 fascination of a romance. 
 
 {By Rev. Edward Eivrell Hale, in The Lend a Hand Record.) 
 
 Here is a model town history. It covers the history of the old town 
 of Ipswich in Massachusetts from the year 16.33, when it was what we 
 may call almost the model settlement of Winthrop's party, and extending 
 to the year 1700. That is to say, it is the history of the first two genera- 
 tions of the Bay colonists. The settlement was lead by John Winthrop, 
 the son of the Governor, and from the first it had tlie cordial cooperation 
 of the General Court of Massachusetts. Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters, 
 the Minister of the South Church in Ipswich, has given the careful work 
 of 3'ears to this history and has now presented it to us in a form worthy 
 of such a history. 
 
 It has enough fac-similes of the very earliest paper.*, not only to give 
 us a breeze of the atmosphere of the town, but to show us how carefully 
 they have been worked over and digested, and indeed, to make it unnec- 
 essary for us to search for hours in the original documents. It is not 
 everybody who has at hand the old map of New England, from Hub- 
 bard's History, — "The best which could be got," that is the pathetic 
 inscription on the oiiginal, — with its gigantic enlargement of Lake Win- 
 nepesaukee, its convenient north and south straight line of the Connecti- 
 cut, its frequent mountains and its infrequent trees, its spire crowned vil- 
 lages and its little arniv of red folks, with the ships in the Bay. These 
 are all tokens of the simplicity of the geography of ancient time, such as 
 make it real to us as no description can. 
 
 The volume is divided into part first, which is distinctly historical, 
 and part second, "Houses and Lands," which meets the local necessity as 
 to the original division of land and the changes which followed in the first 
 century of the history. The chapters in the historical part are all interest- 
 ing. The study of home and dress, of common laws, of commonage, of 
 the boards of charity, of the perils of the charter, of the grammar school 
 and the college, and of witchcraft, will demand the attention of all care- 
 ful students of the foundation of New England. 
 
 The work of Nathaniel Ward as one of the real founders of our infant 
 state is so important that it deserved the most careful study and this it 
 has r< ceived here. Massachusetts has few such "men in its history. Ward 
 graduated at Emmanuel College as early as 1603. He is acquainted with 
 Lord Bacon, with Archbishop Uslier, and with David Pareus, the famous 
 theologian of Heidelberg; he studied law afterwards, entered the ministry 
 of the church when he was forty-six yea's of age; he is excommunicated 
 in 1633; and in the sixty-fourth year of his age, landed in Massachusetts 
 Bay. There is something pathetic in thinking of this accomplished old 
 
IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY. 61 
 
 man in the wilderness life of Ipswich, and something truly magnificent in 
 the work assigned to him and by him so well performed. He was ap- 
 pointed by the General Court in 1638 to draw up its first code of laws. 
 His legal training fittted him for this task. He spent three years in it and 
 the result is "The Body of Liberties." Of this Francis Gray .said that 
 while it retains some strong traces of the time, it is in the main far in ad- 
 vance of the common law of England at this time. Ward is better 
 known perhaps as the author of the "Simple Cobbler of Agawam." But 
 the humour and wit of that book ought not eclipse in men 's minds the 
 fact that the corner stone of New England legislation was laid by him . 
 He ranks first among our law givers of that great century. 
 
 The name of William Hubbard, the historian of New England, is 
 another Ipswich name of the seventeenth century, very important in our 
 New England history. These two names alone would make Ipswich one 
 of the most distinguished towns in Massachusetts. But whoever will 
 carefully study Mr. Waters's valuable book will see what were not only 
 the beginnings but the successful prosecution of many of the enterprises 
 and successes which look back to the seventeenth century. All persons 
 interested in New England life and history owe a great debt to the 
 author. E. E. H. 
 
 {From Appleton Morgan, President of the New York Shakespeare Society.) 
 
 The Complete Book of the Town of Ipswich, Massachusetts, in that 
 Essex County, where Rufus Choate said there was more History to the 
 square inch than in any other spot under the skies, deserved to be 
 written, and the Rev. Thomas Franklin Waters, President of the Ipswich 
 Historical Society has written it in a splendid imperial octavo volume 
 of 586 compact pages. It is illuminated with valuable pictures, and 
 nothing has been omitted of the muniments of the quaint old precinct. 
 Ipswich has its legends as well as its history, but Mr. Waters has been 
 a ver\' Draco here! 
 
 His unswerving and uncompromising fidelity to facts will admit no 
 plea of ben trovato, and he tumbles into obhvion many a cherished ro- 
 mance and tradition, but he packs their places with invaluable records 
 and rescued chronicles! 
 
 The history of New England cannot be written — and henceforth no- 
 body will attempt to write it — without Mr. Waters's volume. It is a work 
 of enormous patience and ability, and is in all ways a model of what a 
 Town History should be. 
 
 (By Bayard Tuckerman, Lecturer in English at Princeton University). 
 
 Ipswich is one of the oldest and in some respects one of the most inter- 
 esting and typical of the English settlements in America. The difiicultiea 
 to be encountered by the early colonists in subduing the wilderness, in 
 wringing a livelihood from an unfruitful soU, in building up a civilization 
 
62 IPSWICH IN THE MASSACHUSETTS BAV COLONY. 
 
 in which comfort and education were soiis-hf f^o-^fK 
 
 and „owhe.3u™„u„w with J:i;tg?„r;;C""°"^-^-''' 
 
 wlule the bold resistance of her ctoen" to the t "7 °' '"="''">■ 
 
 government in the time of Governorrdrn, ''""?" °^ "" ■="««* 
 
 title of the "Cradle of AmenZ"Iert " Mr wft"" ""■ f Ti"™ '" ""^ 
 with historical insight and literarv skufand ha, dv n" Te!°d "'" "'"'' 
 information regardins local ei„tnm= , ,"*' S'\™ "= MS'des a mass of 
 ilies, which maL his wo f "rsZl'i'Z H """ '""' "^'"'™' '^■"- 
 have lived in the township ^' "^ "'"^™' """^o ■'"'"'O'^ 
 
 indiir: retrof'T^ti^^Tntr ^o-rr, r'^' ^-'- 
 
 the heads of "The SllmingT E^l v^" Hl^^'^H'n"'" ^"<'- 
 Notable Settles" "Tradfs and EmpC,e„ts " ^fiW ""," r' '1°™ 
 
 "Tttcrr'n^ !'■= '°^'-^ '""^'i-- ""^d t,ri v: hi; ir' °' 
 withi^-^c;:,;-^-^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 ^nI':^:;^lrr:Lt:d^^";'■■'"^r-'-^""'-" 
 
 and .he"Warr ^JirmldMlT" '"™'"" "^'"^ "'"'"''' "'"" 
 
 -.ou„dsof:psw^Tca:fr:oirfr:. nTe^zTi 
 
 Of in^ t:ri;:«LTthe'h 'T 'V" ^-^ «•--" n;,mber 
 
 transmitted. tr;:roVR::^;ra;re Tcnrrc''; "f '-' 
 «™ oi r;;t^rhrr :;:;'- r ^^'^:^^^:=: 
 
 the Appendix. ' '^ ^''^* ant.quanan interest, are given in 
 
 Thirty-five excellent illustrations, and an Index w>,;nK f 
 
 :r ^ort:„:r" "™- -^ -5eots mL^nTdr^r^:^.— 
 
 researc,::lrdt7-run L'lJtLr'' "'-*r°''"'""^ "°'' '"'^'"^™' 
 to all pe^ons who hai anTcon^rnll' t^f "™^'J;"'°'''''"^^ 
 in Ipswich or whose ancestors lived her" " ould I a "■ ^''°=™' '"'^' 
 books. He will find „1„.=„™ .'"" '""^O: "fi^W I'ave a copy among his 
 
 reference ' ""= '" '""'''"^ "■ """i P""' i" PO^^sessing il for 
 
 Bayard Tuckerman. 
 
 LBJL'OS 
 
PUBLICATIONS 
 
 IPSWICH HISTORICAL 
 SOCIETY 
 
 I The Oration by Rev. Washington Choate and the Poem by Rev. 
 
 Edgar F. Davis, on the 200th Anniversary of the Resistance to 
 the Andros Tax, 1887. Price 25 cents. 
 
 II to VI inclusive. Out of print. 
 
 VII. A Slcetch of the Life of John Winthrop the Younger, -with 
 
 portrait and valuable reproductions of ancient documents 
 and autographs, by T. Frank Waters. Price $1.50. Postage 
 14 cents. 
 
 VIII. "The Development of our Town Government" and "Com- 
 
 mon Lands and Commonage," with the Proceedings at the 
 Annual Meeting, 1899. Price 25 cents. 
 
 IX. A Hist6ry of the Old Argilla Road in Ipswich, Massachusetts, 
 
 by T. Frank Waters. Price 25 cents. 
 
 X. " The Hotel Cluny of a New England Village," by Sylvester Bax- 
 
 ter, and the History of the Ancient House, with Proceedings 
 at the Annual Meeting, 1900. Price 25 cents. 
 
 XL The Meeting House Green and a Study of Houses and Lands in 
 that vicinity, with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 2, 
 1901. Price, 25 cents. 
 
 XII. Thomas Dudley and Simon and Ann Bradstreet. A Study of 
 
 House-Lots to Determine the Location of Their Homes, and 
 the Exercises at the Dedication of Tablets, July 31, 1902, 
 with Proceedings at the Annual Meeting, Dec. 1, 1902. Price 
 25 cents. 
 
 XIII. "Fine Thread, Lace and Hosiery in Ipswich" by Jesse Fewkes, 
 
 and "Ipswich Mills and Factories," by T. Frank Waters, with 
 Proceedings at the Annual Meeting. Price 25 cents. 
 
 XIV. The Simple Cobler of Aggawam, by Rev. Nathaniel Ward. A 
 
 reprint of the 4th edition, published in 1647, with facsimile 
 of title page, preface, and head lines and the exact text, and 
 an Essay, Nathaniel Ward and The Simple Cobler, by T. Frank 
 Waters. 116 pp. 25 cents. Postage 10 cents. A limited 
 edition, printed on heavy paper, bound in boards . One dollar, 
 postage prepaid. 
 
 XV. "The Old Bay Road from Saltonstall's Brook and Samuel Ap- 
 
 pleton's Farm" and "A Genealogy of the Ipswich Descendants 
 of Samuel Appleton," by T. Frank Waters, with Proceedings 
 at the Annual Meeting. Price, 25 cents. 
 
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