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The following pages are the contents of two Papers read at the College Hall, hefore the Exeter Diocesan Architectural Society, on " The Sejmhhral Ejjigies in the Parish Churches of Devon, together with Notices of otheo' Monumental and Memorial Sculpture found in the County" the Hrst on Gth December, 1866, the other 23rd July, 1874, aud afterwards jjrintcd in their Transactions. The last Paper (North Devon) contams [also, foi- the purpose of ob- taining as comjjrehensive a view as possible ftigies in the Cathedral... Cienealogical Tahles .Monumental and ^Memorial Sculpture .Mickleg;ite Bar, ^'ork, Wakefield, and Towton St. Alban's Abbey Church... Tewkesbury Glastonbnrv Ettigics and ^Monumental Sculpture ... —23 —42 -61 339—370 61— 371—: 338 42 375 376 319 380 382 384 384 390 INDEX, I'AGI'. PACE. Abbotaham Bench t'hd.s . . :i2.j Bnry.Pomeroy . Inscriptions ,, 165 Abbots-Bkkitigton Pridcaux . . 205 II Sculptures " AbMsbury Strangeways . . . . 150 II II Pomeroy " Albans St. 380 Bicldeigh Carcw .. 131 „ St. I'elei's Church . . (iO II ' . . It .. 211 Aluiington Incised cross . , .. 314 II Eriseyo . , , . " " Cojlhi .shaped stone , , . . 2,JG Court . 216 " ■ ■ Bury .. 314 Biileford GroLvillo .. 344 " Coffin .. 175 .. 308 Biijhnry Arundell i;i!>hmy . . .. 239 " Giff'urd .. . . 336 Blndon Eric .".' 134 AiUho)iy'E(iSt Erclicdcckne . . 227 II Giffard .. „ Arlington Kalogh .. . . 339 ■I • ^\•yke . . " Ash tor. Chudleigh , , .. 147 Jlisliops-Nympton Pollard .. .. 193 " Stourton .. 148 BoeonnocJc Molmn . . , , .. 120 Asbcombe . , Kirkliam . 138 II " • • * • .. 329 Aahwater Arsciitt . . . 13(j Bruunton Boiirchior . , .. 84 " Carminow . . 339 Broad-clyst Chudleigh . , .. 147 •• Courtcnay II II Nonaiit . . 26 A»tUy Bonvillo '. 391 Bridport Chidcock . . .. 152 II Grey . II Daliridgccourt .. 105 Atheringlon Biissett . . . 243 Broad-Maync Mohun . . .. 123 " Chainpemownc . 342 Brufon " . . • ■ .. 106 1, WillinL'ton Branscombc Incised cross .. 250 Atelisa-mbc Chard . . .'. 158 Neville , . .. 247 Axmimter Mohun .. .. 24, 1 06, 129 II AA'adham .. 170 II Drake . . . 207 (a) . '. " . . • • .. 378 II V\ aty . . . 129 Bridford Hrmy VIII. .. 205 ■1 Yongo . . . 270 Bradiiinch Norton . . ., 268 Axmoiith Jiffti/!/ ill .. 24 Bradford Dabcrnon . . 299 II •« Mallack .. . 240 II Fortescue . . 352 " I'yne • II Hengescot .. 251 Andrew .S7. Man/ Arches . . . 30 II . . .. 299 Arches de liaitijjfon . . ,,. 86 II Pomeroy . . " „ iMtir .. . 332 '1 • • Attiir stones . . 335 Arscott Axhna/er . 136 „ Biekford . . .. 336 Arundell Jiif/bityi/ , , , , . 239 BroadiDood- Widyer Ulieott . . .. 345 " Ohiikvc/,- , , , . 149 1 Brampford-Speke . . Speke .. 234 " East Atitbonij . . , . 228 Burleseombc Aysliford .. 123 . Zittfe Uempstmi 32 Biicl;land-Brcwcr. . Ueniiys . . .. 319 Audlcy Exeter . 334 Bofidlelyh Effiyy in .. . . 345 A} shford JJurliscombc . 123 BiidkUjh-East Incised cross . . Cointenay Chiverston .. . . 255 .. 130 Hampton , , Bourchier . 81 II II Dennis . . • • ' Bftrhinij ]Jc:mfHrt . 227 II II Ford II Jiiiblcigh Kisdon . 317 II II . . " .. 200 Jiarnstaple The I'yionj . 2.)1 // II llaleigh . . .. 130 User Stane .. . 177 II St. Clerc " Seer-Fcrrcrs Ferrers . . )9, 228 II II " .. 200 " II „ . 370 Brass EffigicSjAniimt Crcwkerne .. 270 , , C'h.impcriKjwnc . 228 II II East-Horsley .. 320 AVillougliliy de Broke „ II It Monk It igh .. 308 * " • • Ihi tseil cross , , , . 255 II 11 lord rake, . .. .. 341 Tl. INDEX. Brass lEftigits, Aiitient Jiiglmy .. I, u ISiaunton The Cathedral II II Clocelly . . . . II II Dartmotith II II Chittlehtmpton ' I Stohc-Flemiag It II Siohc-in-Teignhead , , II II T/ionicomlie II II Yeahnpton II II Atheriiifftoii Brass Effigies (Transition ) O}ckington .. ,, „ , . Filhiglt . . „ ,, . . Dartmouth „ „ .. Harford .. ,, „ .. Uriiiington Badges and Jtebuses „ „ .. Itoyal and Insignia . . Bartholomew, Bp.(«)jr/((' Cathedral Bamfield Bassett Beville Behvorthy i> Beaumont 00 ii Beaufort Bickford Blount Bonville ,, r-a; Bourcliicr Bottreaux - 1 ., fa) Kothc, Hishop . . Brett (aj Bmntyngham. I'» • • Otierg S. Mary fit. A/linns Touidcrham Staton Soiithli igh Stockliiml .. Aslliy BamptOH . . Jtrjiinton . . f'initi-rhtiry Cath. . . Jloiiiton . , . • Littte-Easloii riymtrte .. Taws tor k .. . . H'entmiiister Abbey Saimhury Cath. ., Sorth Ctidbitry Motliiml-Boltreaux . . Kant-Horsley . , niton The Cathedral II It • ■ Poicdirhrtiu The Ciithfdral The J'ttliira Barimtaple 242, „ . . WiKt minuter Abbey „ 00 rill Cathedral \\tonnv(>m\i<\Vt\i. (a) ,, ,, I'riiint . . iSoiitb-I'oof llr'irowood . « Colytini . . , ]!rcwcr . . Jlnnkenwrtl Abbey , M •• Torre ,, • ,, . . I'liltliH Priory ,, I'tiiy .. yilieiinjtoil , Uunhcll .. Jlu/huieli t PAGE. I'AGE. 239 Canterbury Cath. . . Bourchier . , .. 89 87 ' 13 >y • ' Moliun . . .. 347 283 Calhcrstone Wadham . . .. 170 241 ' Cnh-erleigh Soiithcott .. 286 238 ! CaUington W^llougliby do Broke , . 345 240 ' Christchurch Stourton . . .. 152 237 ! Clmdleigh Coiutcnay . . 233 240 Chardstoek Tythcrleigh . . S23 2)5 ' Chantry, The, Exe'er 257 241 , Chideock Arur.dell . . .. 149 212 1 Chiltlehampton . . Giffaid . . . . 326 269 »» ' • CoLloigh . . ., 240 351 )) • ' Coffin-shaped stone . . .. 256 268 Chvelly Gary .. 241 267 it • • »j • • • ' .. 321 269 C'hnjhidoH Hffigy i„. .. 27 260 Cli/sthidOii St. Clcve . . .. 136 259 Cobkam Couvtunay .. 99 76 Cohjton Brercwood .. 167 . 235 jj • ' Courtcnay 27, 147 2, 386 j» Haydon . . .. 221 Jt »» • ■ Marwood .. 188 . 156 j» • ' Pole . . 153 . 107 J) • • Strowbvidge .. 247 . 336 )« • • Cof/in-shapcd stone . . .. 256 . 377 J) ■ • Henry YIII. .. 169 . 301 »? • ' See of Jixcter •) . 227 "> • • Wilicins • • '• . 330 „ Brcrcwood . . 167 101 »!" Bp. V'eysey .. 178 . 60 „("«> Yonge . . .. 291 . 67 Colebrooke Coplcstone .. 137 . 65 Cowic Priory Courtcnay .. 102 . 191 Colcombe Castle . . M • * » » .. 144 . 09 „ Well .. .. 146 . 380 College Hears, Exeter . . 257 . 05 CuUomptOH More .. 218 . 70 J) • • Ijane . . . , .. 275 . 05 )» • • Kyng . . .. 276 *' ») • • Inscription's .. 218 . 391 n • • Incised cross . , . . 255 84 55 CoJ/in-shaped stone , . . . 256 ,, Coffin Shaped Stona 256 89 Crosses incised 253 . 90 Cotleigh Incised cross .. 254 . 88 Crcwkerne Goldi' . . .. 2-0 90 Crcditon Sully .. 29 . 87 it * * Proiiz .. 189 93 Pcrihani . . .. 155 . 303 !.' Tomb in . . .. 251 . 388 J) • • Coffn-shapi d stones . , . . 256 »1 Carcw Bick/eigb .. .. 131 . 321 ., ., .. 211 . 377 ») • • Tie Calhnlral .. 209 90 lieddington .. 75 . 257 >> • • Kentisbeare .. 79 38 • , < * . . 279 . 1 03 M HllilOiuhr .. 72 . 105 t J • • Mulisfird .. 214 . 105 1 J» * ■ Oltcrji-Mohiin . . 209 . 253 Sand ford . . .. 211 . 104 1 t» ' • Sloke-J-'/cniini/ 39 • l^ 1 SI. JMulph, Aldgatc .. 78 77 ! Slrntfurd-oii-Acon . . .. 213 40 »» Westminster Abbey , , 03 . 108 ' »» • * )( r? • • .. 210 . 127 Culnindy Ml mbnrif . , . . 234 • f> CarmiTiow ^tshwiittr . , 339 f» j» ' ' Beer- I'errers .. 331 . 314 , •» T' »» • • . . 370 . 107 1 Caiy Clon/ly .. .. 241 INDEX. VAGE. PACE Cary .. Cloi-el!!/ .. . 321 Courtcnay . , SI. Albans 380 11 . AUciiigton . 336 ») )» 2\:wkesbury . . . . 382 If Cocllnqton . 269 )* i> . Arms and Badges of . . 82 Cadwodoleigh . Excler . . , . 334 '» . F^ligirs of . 95 Champerno\vno . Ihrr- Fii-nrs 26, 228 Coffin . Alwington , , , . 308 n ») . Modlmrii . . 33 „ „ • . • • . . 176 }> tt . Atlicriiigton . 1S9 )» Monl'tcigh . . • . 308 ti » »j • . 342 )» Jfcauton-Punchardon . 176 Chudloigh . Sroadclyst . 147 )» FarkJiam . . . , , . 316 i> . A.llltOH . . • )» i» Standon , Derby . 176 Chiscldon .. Jtair . 174 Coi-p Stokc-Ficmiiig , , . 237 Chivcrstono . . Jitixt liiidlei'jh . 130 Cobleigh CIiiltlehainptOH . 240 Cobliam Cobliam , . . 330 Coi-nu Suteoinbe . , . 289 Colhin . Reu-e . 174 Crocker Ycalmpton . , , . 241 Coplcstone Coklrooke Ycalmpton . 137 . 386 Chideock Bi idpoyt . , . 1.52 Sartuigton , , Duke of Exeter . . , . 224 tt Chidi'ock , , . 150 „ . . Iviehard II. • J» Chard, Abbot Ford Abbey , 156 Bartmoulh . . Ilawlcy . . . 238 T' »> >» »» • . loO „ . . Staplehill . 268 1) T> . Aicliscombc . 157 Dunkcsioell Abbey Brewer . . . 127 1" l» Pttyht'Hihityy , . 170 Ditmford .. Fulford .. . 175 Chichester, Bp. f a) T!,v Catludral . 376 , , . . Courten;'.y )» Chichester JVidworthy . 188 . . Lacy • )» r^^j . The Cathedral . 78 Dimster . . Courtenay . 199 )i . ISraii/ifon . 87 „ . . Luttrell . . • )» f^J . Pilton . 378 „ -. -\Iohun .. . 348 Com-tenay CohjioA . . . 27 Dabrigecourt . . Bridport .. . 105 . * . . . 82 Daberaoun . . Bradford .. . 299 )t • »i • • • . 147 Dawney , . Sheviocke . , , « . 365 ,1 . 144 De Esse . . Sutcombc . . . 289 i> , Cobham . . , 99 De Apulia, Bp. (a) Cuthcdral. . . 77 tt Coiric Priory . 102 Dennis . . Eaat-Badiciyh , , . 130 tt . Chudlciyh . 233 ,, . . B)u-llaiid-Brcwer , . . 319 )t DuiiStir . , . 314 ,, .. Ilolcom/te-Bitrncil .. . 250 » „ . . . 330 „ , , Moiikktyh . . , . 302 >) . T/ie Ciii/iedral . 96 „ . . ffulcombe ,. ,. , . 289 jj • J) ;» • . 357 Dinham . . Ihitiytoii . . 31, 62 r^; • ») )j • . 78 ,, .. Kiiiys-Carswcll 32, 61 }j . Ford Ahhetf . 58 „ . . iSouth-Fool . 39 )i • i» t) • . 84 ,, .. Woodbury . 61 }) • j» )» • . 102 „ .. JFesf mi lister Abbey.. . 63 »• 1) »» • . 159 „ . . Greyfriars, SmitlifiM • »T If , Fowey . 315 ,, , . Cardiiiham , , , . 64 9t . Ashwattr . 339 , , . . Broadwood- Widger • )» 9t , East-Bu(Uvigh . 130 ,, .. Sartland.. . 219 )» , Haccombe . , 31 ,, . . Exeter , . , . . 95 )f Dioisford , , . 175 ,, . . ,, .1 • > t . 332 n DnnsUr , , . 197 Dowrich . . Sandford . . . 211 i> Landrakc . . , 315 Dorset, Marchioness of C 7, 391 )f Hoh'iton ., • . 195 Drake . . Cohjtoa . . .. . 139 »» , Lantt(/!us.hy-Fowey . 118 „ . . Harjiford. . . 202 ., r"; , MoUaiid-liottnaux . 384 „ . . Mitsbnry . . . 203 )) Plympton . . , , , . 37 „ , , Axmiitster , . • »f >t Fotcdcr/iaiH 38, 65 „ . . SoutJileiyh . 207 »» Fayhembury . 234 „ .. Littlelium „ )f • tj j» • . 170 „ . . Sa/eombe . . . 208 >> 'The Palace . 139 „ faj . . Mii-ibiiry .. . 376 91 , Sampford Courtenay . 135 ., (aj , . Creditoii . . . , • >» »> . South-Pool . 39 ») a/nL'ioc/ic , . 364 }t • S/iilli/iyford • . 98 Effigies, incised on stone . 2.52 9) . T/tc Palace 83 „ as ilemeiito Mori . 264 1) Wtstmlnstcr . 234 „ of Merchants .. ,, . 273 )| Tiverton . . . 59 ErriGtES. Description of 1, 43 fy „ .. . 79 „ As If'orks of Art .. . 56 fy Wimhornc- Minster , . 101 ,, Situations ,, ,, 2 }* Wolborough » . 192 ,. Identification . . . . i 2, 337 „ ^"y* . WahefteUl . 379 ,, Condition 3, 46 >y >i Toic'on ■ )T ,, Attitude .. ,. ,. 17, 51 »» »i .. York l> „ Restorations 3, 47 INDEX. Eri-ioiE3 Ritltr PAGE. PAGE. ., Heraldry . . 22 .50 Exeter Wynard . , .. 156 Future preservation 3 II • • Audley . . .. 334 _, Inscriptions rcmalnluff 22 50 '/ . • Haydon . . . , " • • Tombs and Canopies 4 56 " • • Martyn . . .. 332 With Children , , 47 ti Do Arches " ., Sigh Tombs , , 5 56 II EJtiijy of Crusader . , .. 94 ., Colours .. 17 47 II Female tJSgy .. 95 ,, Number . , 7 50 n Arms cf 6Vf .. 169 Positions . , , , 4.5 II // " . . .. 261 The Illustrations . . 7 57 •1 The Chantry .. 257 , , Designations , . 7 II Franciscan Convent .. 332 , , Classification 7 60 '1 Dominican " " , , Angels at head and feet 18 48 Exeto; Duke of . . Holland .. .. 224 Animals at feet 19 48 " " " . . • * .. 355 Materials eiiiploijcd , , 19 49 " Beaufort . . . . 226 ,. Total in eounty ."0 Easter Sepulchres, . Southptiol .. 40 ,, In other eounties . . 50 " " Woodli igh .. 250 .. Destroyed '21 57 1, ,1 Holcombc'Purnell . . " , , Foundresses and Heiresses 9 Ermington Strachleigh .. 209 _ , Collateral information 19 Ebrinr/ion Fortoscuc . . 349 Founders' Tombs . . 21 Eric ' Axmo ith . . . . 135 ,_ Assumed dates , . 21 Ei'chedeckno Haccombc .. 227 . . Division I. Crmadcrs 8 51 " East-Anthony " „ Women 9 51 The Cathedral . • " ' • »> 11. Knights 10 Eyston Moi chard-Bisliop .. .. 359 • • i» ,, Priests 11 • • >> „ Civilians ii 51 * ■ I) „ Judge , , 52 Farivay Incised Cross . . 254 , , Women 12 52 II Prideaux . . 296 ,_ III. Knights 12 52 FenitOH Memento mori 16, 126 ■ * i> „ Smal! effigy , , 13 " Ferrers . . .. 126 „ Women 13 53 " Malhorbe " TV. Knights 14 51 « Kirkham ,. 138 „ Priests 15 55 Fillcigh Fortoscuc . . 351 ,, Women 15 55 Ford Abbey Courtcnav .. 161 „ Civilians 15 55 „ t'hard '. . . . 159 hedral . . Langton . . « , 283 II Henry VII. . . 160 „ Bishoi) Quivil , , 282 II Vcysiy , . .. 102 •'(a).. Lacy , , 376 . " Paiih-t . . " " (a J., /' Chichester , , .. II Beaumont .. 335 » lirantyngham 257 II Priiirs if , . . . 162 " .. Oldliam .. 249 Fowey C'ourtruay .. ;ii5 '. /'fl/,'. " liailliolomcw , , 76 IMohun .. 120 " 00.. Marshall . . , , „ Fleet. West '.'. Mffhun .. 121 ., (aj.. do Apulia . . , , 77 Frithelstocli Priory . . .. 325 n (a).. " Bvontscombo , , /, Church Jiench ends .. « (aJ.. StHi)lc>)■• Oldham . . n II Neu-ton JIushcll ,. 197 " (a)-- Chichcstrr , . , , „ II Jlccr Ferrers . . 228 Fulffird . , 175 •1 II » \ . . . 330 n (Jourtciiay , . 96 " 11 " , , .. 370 " ■ * Erccdecknc Montacute • • 227 302 Fitz-Wancii Monhleigh Wahtagc ., .. 143 " ■ • Monthermcr , , „ Filming Stole Fleming '. '. 30 " Grandison ,. Fortoscuc F.brihi/toii .. 340 " Northwodij . , ., " Fillcigh .. . . 351 " faJ.. Courtonay , , 78 " Murcsley . . " .. (a).. Spok.,' . . 79, 234 " Bradford . . 352 " (a)-- Sylkn . , 78 Fry Membury . . 284 <, (a).. Buhiin . , . . , , 78 Ford East Jlmlleigh .. 130 Cariw 209 . . 200 II Ilnrvoy .. , , 2M FoitibuH J'litrdirhnm .. 38 ■ Ornrmlonct to Eeeletittitics , , 265 Fulf'ord Jitinsfi rd .. 175 " •. u i, Precentors , , 206 " Thr 'cathedral ■ • w " • ( Memento Mori , , 261 <• (h) . . " " 79 " Inrmeil rroimrs 283 O'corgcham St. Aiiliyn . . 352 1' ■ • " , , 205 (a) . . '' ' • • . . 370 , ^ Aiidiow .. .. ^ , 34 Oiiyo Miinklrigh , , .. 313 INDEX. I'AOE. rAGK. Giffard , Axinouth .. 13.5 Ilody Snteoiithe . , . , . 291 1 Oockinytoii . 2G9 Axmoittli . 134 U , . Siilcombe . . . 289 Holland '. Dartington . 224 m . rarkhnm . 31C . . St. Katharine'. [fin sjtiiped atone . . 2.)6 KhigscarsiceU . Dinham . 32 Hartlaiid . Luttrell , . . 200 Keys . The Chantry, Exeter . 257 Abbey . Dinhrini . . . 219 Kirkham . J'aignton . . . 3C Hiirford . AVilliam.t. . . 267 » . Fcniton . . . 13S .. (a). Jnin-'iptiuiis . 378 " . Asheomhe " Karvforcl . IJrako . 202 Lanteglos . Mohun . . . 115 Bahbiirij . Giftard .. . 318 „ " . 329 Hcitulou-Puiichara 'oh Coffin . Basset .. . 176 . 243 Landkey . AclanJ . . . Be.iupell . . , 358 Ileacitree , , Venur . 263 J.aiidrake Little Easton . Courtciiay . Boiirchicr '. 314 . 88 Uightveek . Yardo ." 190 Little Uempston . . ArundcU . . 32 "" . liushell .. Littleham . Dnikc .. . 133 " . l-'crrcrs . . ,r " • ■ • • * . 207 „ . Lacy Luppit . Wynard . 1.56 HiUingdoit . Stringo . . '. 113 La.itleigh . Proiiz . 33 Hoiiiton . lioiirchicr 90 Larder Upton I'ifne . . , . 41 II . Stiffovd .. Lacy, Bishop . Totnes ' .. . 167 II . Courtonay '. 19.) " . Uighweek . 197 II JIarwouil . 189 .. (aj . . The Cathedral . 375 II . Takell .. . 19.5 liane CnVompton . . . . 275 „ . Eigso . 196 Liington . The Ca'.hedral . 283 Iloiiilon-Chjst . Varih- .. . 230 Lercehecknc Ilaceomhe . . , . 31 Jfofromb"- BitfitvU Dennis . 2.5U LuttreU Then verton . 197 JloUworlhij Pridcaux . 29.5 „ . Dani-ter .. .. Jfoncood fi/riscd n'oiif . 2.5.5 " Jlartland . , " " . PoUiivd .. . 194 . 3.53 " iJnnxter . . . . • . 314 . 330 Hake Si'irtiiit . 13.5 Ledger Line and T tragraph Inscriptions . 263 Hankforil Monkleiijh . 142 . .31 12 "„ Voner Lcgh Northlegh „ Harvey . The (Jnl'ieilriil . 2U „ Cxiidorling ./ Hawley Ditytmoiith . 241 1, Smyth " Haydon . Oltrnj SI. Marij . . 221 ,1 Ganarkc . . " 1i'itr,(llm I- If Marldon . Gilbert .. 31 . Coll/ton ' . . Melhiiry . Stranj^eways . 1.50 Kretrr .' 334 Membitry . Jlohun . . 106 Henry VII. '. J'onl Atthelf . 160 •' . Calniady . . . 234 ■' " . The Piiliiee . 139 . Fiy . 281 Henrj- VIII. . Culyton . Br id ford . . . 168 . 208 Monkleigh . Fitzw.irron . Hankford . 143 Hengescot . Bradford . . . 251 . 299 ,^ . St. Ledger .' 303 . 225 Holbeamo Sea ton . Haul Oi/we.'l . 1.S5 . 202 ,, '. Butler .. *.'. ! . 303 Horsey Laitteyhn . 119 " . Dennis . . " » • Sherborne " . Collin . 308 INDEX. MonJikigh Hurding Gave Modbitry Champernowne Piideaux Morthoe Tracy Moichard Bishop, . Eyston . . MulcisUd Carew Munbury Drake . . Ganarke . . „ (<>)''■ Drake Mai-t\-n Exeter Mallack Axtnonth Mallierbe i\- niton JIarwood CohjtuH . . Wiiinorthy „ Honitmi ,. Northhigh Marshall, Bp. (a) The Cuthedral Ilohun Axmiiiater ./ M'mhury « Stoke- Fu'iidng „ lii UtOit " yeivinham Abbeg . , ti Otdry Mohttn „ Tone Mohttii " Dtiiintir , . " IVcsfniinatcr Abletf " Cunterburxf Ciit/iedra< U a Latiteglos . . . • t* FoiVty " JSocomioc . . Tumerton Foliot . . u St. Ewe .. II II Athcrliigton H FUtt-U'eU II Wulvttoii II hroad-Mayne II iSali.\burg Calhedral II Seals of . . ){ontacat« Fxctir Cathedral . . .Monk J'at Lham . . liluTffXD Soiitbinr/h Maptrton . . Sforo Cn/ln/ij/fon Monthermer Saliibtng Cathedral Fjet. r Cathedral . , Mules Soat/i I'ool " Suymbridgc JiiithopH Taivton iltmcntu Mori Fcniton . . II II , , Fxtter Cathedral , . II » I'aigntoit . , Ifrrchanls. Bffigien of II FoundatiotiM of . , u MiirliM and Monograms Kot Cul'oinpton I'rouso 'Tiverton . . iliicklcr , J " UitrtnoU • • AV. ^farg Arches ,, liurkli'nd , , i'o/l/tOH . . (liir.jrd AxmoHth . , . , Kellaku , , Tiverton . , (^'olcninn " PAGE. . 312 Sleo „ . 313 ■\Valdron . 3o iS': iccnham A bbeij Slohun . 3G9 II II ' . . Bouville .. . 125 „ . PllillS of . . . o'j9 Xeu-tm S. retrod. Yeo . 2U „ II II . . Piideaux . 203 „ II II . . Jewe . 2G3 1, , Jlorice . 370 Neville, Bisliop . Bi-aiisiombe . 332 Northwode . Tin- Cathedral . 247 Noiiant Broadvlgst . 126 Norton liriidiiinch . 18S Og Will- East Ilolbeame Orhgh Dennis . • ,, Ottt'ig-Miihioi . . 189 Olleiy -S'. Jifarg . Bonville . . . 76 „ „ .Sherman 2-}, U)6 II II II Harden . . 35, .. '1 II II Giidi^rling 39, » ; .. 11 Smvth . 106 Oldham, Bishop . . The Cathedral .1 (, J .1 ., ." 190 ViciTS Citlege . 106 . Ottcrij S. Mary . 106 OkestoTi j\Io ibnry . , . 106 I'alnce, The Couftenay . 34S Pailsloie l*rido;uix. . . lOG Piiigntoii Kirkluim 367 Vayhembwg . Chanl . . . 106 II Coiirtenay . 347 II . Wotton .. . 115 . -WiHoushby . 329 raykhiun , Incised Cross . !20 ,, Kisilon . (iillUrd ,. '. 329 „ . Coltiu . 120 . Monk . . . 121 Palac, The . t'ouitonay . 329 II " . 344 ,1 11 ungerf Old . 121 II . Bohun . 122 ,1 . Pcveiel .. . 123 Fight/csthoriic Inscription » Pilloii ( a) . Chiehestor . 190 (a). . Brett . 362 PllJWptOH . Strode, , . . 818 II (.'oiiitenay 60 ,t . IhiDf^irlord " Potcdcrham . J'.onville . . . 217 t'oiirti'nay . 360 liohun .. Phjmtne . Stair. .r,l .. . 39 " Jiourchier . 299 " (ioodwyn ./ Votshc Pyionj . Brewer . . 16 I'lgmnuth J\f/ii/ics there . 264 2'o/tiiit'fi! Baiiipfield " Pirn liters of F,Xiti r Cathidral . 273 t' II Jlrudiiiiich ., Periham . Creditoit , . . 278 " . Kxcter . . . 279 Pevorcll , Siim/iford Pcvercl Tlie j'atitce riyniptiiti . . * " Pole ! Cotyton Colcoinbe . . . Shnte '. 280 " The Antiquary " Pomi'ioy , Jtirry Pnmcioy . 281 " . Bradford 106 65 190 334 247 362 26 265 202 320 209 69 221 263 249 78 257 249 35 139 29.0 36 170 234 170 170 316 139 105 1S4 105 1S4 60 378 377 , 231 3 7 1S4 65 38 90 136 127 359 235 204 155 154 38 184 , 184 155 163 165 103 299 INDEX. XI PoUarU . Bishop's Xi/mpton II . iSt. Giles .. ,, Ilorwood , , Prideaux Fartci7t/ , , ■. Vvodbtirtf ■1 Modliury . . M . NeutoH S. Petrock » . Siitcombe . . It . Fiidstow . . 1, . Abbott Bii-kiiigton t . ll'est I'litford •1 , Holsicorthi/ Pyl do llaceombf , , Prcatallcr Axminster Prouz Ltisttiigh . , " Widworthi/ „ Crcdituit , , ., Tiverton . , Prondergast iShebbeare. , Princo , Birthplnee of Pym- Axmoitth Quivil, Bishop . . The Cathedral Jitwe Waiihiuii „ . Colhiri « . Vcysey . , ■• . t'hiselden Ealeigh Btddittgton . Bndleigh . . « . Exeter ,i Arlington Richard IX. JJartingtoii Risdon I'arkham . . Rigge Hon i ton . , Jloi/al Sailgcs and Iiiaiyu ia Hoses. The Wms of » ,. ,. r«j iSalisbury Cathedral Jlohim . . ,1 „ . . St'juiton . . " w Hungerford " " . Monthermcr " ■' . . Montacuto Sampford JTfverell I'everell . . » Couitcnnij Courtenay Saiul, ord . Dow rich . . Salcoittln* . Drake . . Heaton . Sturru :, . Wnlrond .. . llolbeame .■ . Speke „ . Stattbrd . . , l!akc ^hti'iriU .St. Lciigor ,1 lii-aiiiiiont Sherborne . ProiidiTgast tihiciocke . f'oiirtciMy It . Dawney . . Sherborne ll<>r.sfv .. Sh i Hill if ord . Jlwldosfiold South i'onl . I'.ri:mt . . ■1 . Jliiles .. SoulhhijU Will-.ughby u . fStarre " . Drake .. Sprri/toil (a ) . In.-^ciipticns at S/. i:ue Slohuii .1 Gil. a Pollard . . •1 Ocorrje'f Clijsl "^N'ynarJ . . II Kulhai iiici, Lo idon llfiU'ind Stoke y.'eming . Motiun ■• Curj) r.lGE. .. 193 Siiteombe Prideaux Dennis . . m, 353 II Cornu . . 2110 II Giffard . . .. 207 .1 Spcccot . . . . 309 ™ De Esse . . . . 1'34 II Grenvillo . . 2S9 II Edgcumbc . . 2'.I2 Stottrton-Candle .. Stourton . . . . 2116 Sutton (Jotdjield . , Voysoy . . , , " Stoke-in^ Teiijnhead Efhgyat .. Swgmbridge Blulea 31, 2o6 St. Alban's («)'.'. The Abbey 2-i 1/ II (<').. St. Peter s , .. 31 Sherman Ottery St. Mary . 41 Suiyth Totnes .. 188 " Wuodleigh .. IHi) . . Ottery St. Mary . .. 27'J Southcott Calvcrleigh . . 3(i3 .. 191 . . 247 " Kilutington . Speccott Thornbury . . 282 ./ Suteombc . . .. 170 Spcke . . Seaton Brampford Spe'ce , .. " • • (a) The Cathedral '.'. 79 St. Aubyn Georgehani .. 130 -/ II (aj II . . 332 Stafford, Bishop (a) The Cathedral '. . . 339 Stafford. Enrl of Devon .. 224 Strange Jlillingdfin .. 317 Strode F'ympton . . .. 19G Starro Beer . . 259 Seaton .. 271 " Soutlileigh .. 379 Stowford West D:>wnc .. 123 St. Clero Badli igh . . .. 152 II CUjstligdon 184, 302 II East Jla^lelgh . . 300 Stapk'hill Ilartntuttth » Suffolk Duke of . . . . t8 Sully Iddes'eigh . . . 135 II Crediton . . .. 211 II II .. 207 Stourton Ash ton . . 177 ., Christ Chnreh . . 185 „ Stoartnn Candle Salisbury Cathedral II Straiigoways Abbotsliary 1, Milbiiry . . St. Lodger Monkleiyh '■ 220 ./ Windsor . , , . . 304 // Sherwill . . . . 303 II Annery . . . . 304 Strachlcigh Erminijtoii " Struwbrid^e Co/i/ton .. 119 Stapledon LJi -hoi) (n The Cathedral 98 'J'unurlon Fotiot . . Gorges . . 39 / , , Mohun . . Taicjitock Bourchier .. 170 II , , Effigy at .. Taeislock Abbey , , .'. 207 'J'horneombi Brook . 387 'Tbi/reertoit LuttrcU .. .. 121 AValleis .. . 191 Thiinib'iry Speccott . . . 157 Ttccrton Grciiiway . 355 „ 1' rouz 39, 100 H Huckler .. . 237 II (irecnwaye PAGE 289 . . 152 .. 178 .. 240 .. 299 .. 380 '.. 70 .. 166 . . 250 .. 263 .. 286 .. 288 .. 336 .. 301 .. 289 .. 185 '. '. 234 .. 79 .. 352 .. 376 .. 78 90 .. 113 37, 231 .. 177 .. 366 .. 130 .. 136 .. 200 .. 208 .. 71 .. 354 29, 331 .. 289 .. 148 .. 152 150 225 220 302 209 247 77 40 120 87 365 248 245 If7 200 301 273 279 xii. INDEX. PAGE. PAOE. TiverlOii Hartnoll . . • " Widwort/'iy . Marwood . 189 1' Sellake . . " Wimborne Minslir Coiirtenay . 101 " ■ Coleman . . " Woodbury Diiiiiam .. Gl " • . Sloe . •I liriydon . . . . . . 221 " . • AValdion . 281 ... I'lideaux . . . 297 " Cuurtenay 59 Woh-etoH Mohun . . . 123 " . . . 79 Wolborough ISenlptures at . 192 " Giffard .. . 327 II Courto'iay Toicnstal Effigy at .. 40 Waty Axminster ■ . . ; 129 Torre Abbey }jrewor . . . 127 AVallc-is I'liorrerton . 200 Tolifss Smyth . . . 167 Wadham Rewe . 170 " Belworthy ! 336 " k I/miiister Uranseombe " " Bishop Lacv . 167 " faj '. II ... '. 378 Teukesbury Abbey («) . 382 Ciil/ierstonc . 170 Talcell Konitoii . . . 195 Weatofer Colyton . 139 Thome Ilannfnp/e , . 2.52 Willoughby Fayliembnry . 170 Tracey M'trthtjc , , . 125 ./ iSoullileigh Vffculme Walrond . 298 Willoughby de Broke iJiw irj- 'OS '. 228 Upton Pyne I>ardcr . . . 41 ., 1 CaUingtOh . 340 XJmherleigh Chapel • • • . 342 Williams Mar to, ■ .. . 2G7 TJpcott llyoadwood- Widger . 345 AValiond tSeaton . IS.-) Veysey, Bishop . . Ford Abbey .Saltan CoUfeld . 163 . 178 II Jlrad/ield Vfcalinc . . . 298 " " Cohjton . . . " Wotton Wtdu-orthy '. IRS Ve}'3ey Hen-e . 174 Whytyng Kcntinhcare . 277 Wantage Fitzwarreu . 144 Willington Af/ieringti-n . 342 West Down Stowford . 366 Wyke Satenmbe . . . 289 Wrar Gifford Effigies at " .. Ax mouth . 135 Westminster Abbey Bourchicr Dinham . . 93 . 63 Wynard Lapplt Exclcr .. . 1.36 " " .. Carew . 210 .. Clyst St. Crio>-ge .. '. 157 n " . . Mohun . . 101 Yarnseombe ("ockworthy . 126 M ■ " . • Mohuu . . 367 Yialmpton Crocker . . . 241 '■• " • . Golafie . II Yardc . High are/; . 196 Went Futford I'lideaux . . 295 . Xi'wioii JIashell Widworthy 41 . Uoniton Vlyst . 2;io " Proiiz . 188 Yeo JS'eitiOH St. PAroek . 334 „ M'littun . . Yorl:. Thieheiis of ■ > ( > * . 367 H , , Chicheste r . . Yuri:. MUktiyaIr Bar (a) .. . 379 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON, BY W. H. H. EOGERS, ESQ., LOCAL SECRETARY TO THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. KEAD AT THE COLLEGE HALL, DECEMBER 6, 186S. The Sepulchral Effigies found ia the parish Churches of South Devon form a valuable series, most interesting to the antiquary or art-student. They are scattered with considerable evenness throughout the district, and are found in greater profusion in the small outlying rural Churches rather than in the larger and nobler sanctuaries of our towns. And there is a great charm, too, in threading one's way in a pilgrimage to these shrines of the departed worthies of our Shire, the circle of whom may be said, with truth, to include representatives of the noblest and worthiest that have possessed our land. To the eye of the artist, the quaint variety of costume, the gi-adual development of arms and armour, and increasing recognition of the value of beauty and grace in fashioning the external form and attitude of the figure, offer great attractions. To the thoughts of the antiquary, in his quiet hours, with the careful records of the county before him, they form a subject of special interest, as he seeks to invest each with a personal history and a name. To the reflective Christian mind, another and much more impressive lesson is conveyed, as alone, in the sdence of the sanctuary, he contemplates the last resting places of those who have died " in His faith and fear," whoso lively effigies, habited as they had lived, lie passionless before him, but whose once warm breathing bodies liave, ages ago, passed away, and mingled 2 THE SEPULCHRAL EFBIGIES IN THE with the dust beneath his feet. Anon, lie finds the stern Crusader symboUzing in death, with his crossed legs and eager gi'asp of tlie sword, his devotion to the honour of the Gentle Master ; the Priest, with hands meekly crossed, sleeping beside the Altar of his earthly ministrations, and awaiting the last great call of the Bishop of Souls ; or the quiet country Franklin, in his garb of peace, resting en-niched witliin the hallowed walls his pious zeal had helped to raise. A succeeding age reveals to him a grand series of Baronial and Knightly forms, clad in all the pomp and panoply of war, but their mailed hands are raised in prayer, and holy angels keep watch and ward by pUlow and shoulder. The sweet sem- blance of Woman too, with her softening presence, thickly intersperses the unfolding array of warriors and chieftains ; sometimes attired in modest wimple, and all undecked, she sleeps solitary and alone, with naught to guard her but her own bright trust, and the cherubs at her brow. Again, we find her in all the conscious pride of holy wifehood, richly apparelled, with her lord at her true side : " They lie with uphft luaiuls, and feet Stretched like dead feet that walk no more, And stony masks, oft human sweet. As if the olden look each wore, Familiar curves of lip and eye. Were wrought by some fond memory." Passing, however, from these reflections, a description is now required of the present condition of the efiigies, the tombs on Avhich they recline, and the position in Churches where they generally occur. Situations. — The situations in Churches where these effigies are usually found vary much, though certain special localities arc oftencr adopted than other.s. In the Chancel walls, either on the north or south side, and generally, but not always, within the Altar space, as at Beer Ferrers, Axmouth, Axrainster, Broad Clyst, &c.; at the end of the transepts, as at Modbury, Ilsington, Beer Ferrers, Membury, Widworthy, &c.; in the walls of the side aisles as at Lustleigh and Powderham ; while a few are found under the arches of the nave as at Ottery S. Mary, llaccoiubc, and Tamerton Foliot; and others are incorporated in mouuimntal screens, as at Paignton and Marldon. PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 3 Condition. — Some of the iigurerf iire m coinpai-ativoly good preserva- tion, others are considerably mutilated, especially about the leo-s, faces arms, liauds, feet, angels at the head, and animals that support the feet, in some cases beuig wholly destroyed ; while again (but this occiu's in one or two instances only), some almost shapeless fragments alone remain. The majority, though a few have been carefully cleansed (scraped onlv) still appear covered with repeated layers of white-wash which clogs and ob- scures everything. Restorations. — A small number have, however, been irretrievably in-. jured, through a well-meant, but ill-judged zeal ; some have not only been scraped carefully from whitewash, but have afterwards been tooled deeply all over, vitterly destroying the ancient contour of the figure, and fi-equently robbing it alike of mail and ornamental accessories, or re- cutting them to another pattern, while incongruous restorations of the face and the extremities are generally added, occasionally with extra- ordinary exaggeration and grotesqueness. The reason of this is obvious. These restorations are often entrusted to some ordinary stonemason at "work otherwise in the Church, and, of course, altogether unacquainted with the rules of art. Anxious to shew his industry to his employer, the man assiduously applies rasp and chisel all over, and, in the end, leaves not the original figure, but another, disproportioned and unsightly. The first carver w-as an artist, the best doubtless to be procured, and he had, it is to be inferred, seen the man he essayed to pourtray, and worked accordingly, however feebly he realized the end he sought for. It is, therefore, earnestly hoped that nothing beyond the most careful scraping will be attempted on any of these figm-es in future. Future preservation. — It is a subject of deep regret that many of these glorious memorials, so admirable in conception of design, have been taken dov.-n, the portions of the tombs placed piecemeal about the Church, and the statues themselves removed from their original situations and laid aside out of the way, either on the ledge of a window, or hidden behind the seating in some odd corner, and covered, perchance, with mildew and dust : " The noble lady and tlic lord who rest Supine, as courtly damo and warrior dresi, 4 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Are all departed from their state sublime, Mangled and wounded in their war with Time CoUeagued with mischief; here a leg is fled. And lo ! the baron with but half an head ; Midway is cleft the arch, the very base Is battered round and shifted from its place." — Crahhe. There is notliing left of such surpassing interest in our Churches, as these shrines of past generations. Often they represent the Fovmders of the whole fabric, or that particular portion of the Church in which the figures are found, and a world of historic interest is created wherever they appear. A more honorable destiny, it is to be hoj^ed, awaits them in the future, and that they will be preserved from further injury, as they should be, with the utmost reverence and care ; for " Even from the tomb the voice of nature cries, Even in our ashes live their wonted fires." Tombs and Canopies. — A considerable number of the earlier statues are found under plain obtuse arches, sometimes relieved with, deep mould- ings, but, more often, without decoration of any kind, as at Lustleigh Axminster, and Haccombe, and the figures ai'e laid either on low, un- omamented benches, or on the floor level. But, occasionally, these arches rise to greater altitude, and assume more graceful proportions, as at Townstal and Modbury ; while at Beer Ferrers a special excejstion exists of great interest and rarity, as found relative to these older effigies. Here, the Crusader and his wife recline on a low tomb imder an arch which per- forates the wall, into, what was once in all pi-obability, a mortuary Chapel, but which is now used as a vestry. The arch is boldly moulded with cusps and corbels, and over, rises an elaborate pierced canopy, sup- ported by buttresses, and enriched with beautiful crockets and finials, shewing on both faces of the wall alike. At present it is covered with an extraordinary accumulation of whitewash, from which it well deserves to be relieved. At Axmouth, the ])riest lies on the ground, iHiPuth n flat festoon, having in front a dee])ly moulded arch, divided into large cusps. Both the.se examples may be assigned to Early Decorated origin. or .'iOTncwhat latr-r date, but (evidently Decorat(!d in character, arc the PARISH CHURCHES OP SOUTH DEVON. 5 specimens found at Widwortliy, Ottery S. Mary, and Broad Clyst. At Widwoiihy tlie figure is on tlie floor, and the arch over is ornamented with an open foin-leaved flower studded round the soffit. At Ottery S. Mary, the efligies are raised on low tombs, above which are elegant canopies surmounted with elaborate j^iimacles, crockets, and finials. Ptound the arches, which are beautifully cusped within, runs a rich moulding of vine foliage, interspersed with shields. These handsome memorials stand detached under the central arches of the nave, and are the only ones observable in the district under review, so placed. At Broad Clyst, the knight is enshrined in a recess in the south wall of the Chancel, in front of which, and level with it, rise four slender shafts, paneled and terminating in rich crocketted pinnacles. Between these are three ogee arches filled with pierced trefoils of flamboyant cliaracter, and crowned witli exquisite floriated canopies and finials, wliich finish at the same height as the pinnacles. A cornice, or string course of bosses and shields alternatmg, surmoimts the whole. Within the recess, at its back, are five traceried panels, in which are as many shields. This interesting and beautiful monument is considered by some to have been originally adapted for the double purpose of sedilia (from its occupying the ac- customed place), as well as for a mortuary memorial. Up to this period, as has been observed, no approach to decoration Is noticeable underneath on the tombs upon which the efligies rechne, al- though great ornamental accessories have been exhibited over. High Tombs. — Still ranging with the Decorated period, but later than the last described, or, perhaps, Early Perpendicular, are the high tombs which, enriched in various ways, are employed to support the recumbent figures, with, occasionally, the addition of elaborate canopies as well. At Crediton and Little Hempston, the decoration consists of panels and shields. At KIng's-Carswell, on the tomb, under the Diuhams, niches occur of rich tabernacle work, alternately with panels and shields ; while behind these effigies, when In their original position, was the handsome traceried reredos, still visible In the south transept. Beneath the adjoining tomb, occupied by the lady, are compartments filled with quatrefoils and niches containing saints. 6 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE We now arrive at the Perpendicular era, and both tomb and canopy are found liiefhlv embeUished, At Plympton are two examples, the ornaments on the tombs being much the same, an array of small niches tilled with figures of angels i:)laying musical instruments, and saints and ecclesiastics in devotional exercises. The canopies differ. Over the efiigy of Strode is rich crocket, finial, and pinnacle work ; that of Courtenay consists of a flattened arch, groined within, and enriched ai'ound the soffits with badges and shields, wliile above is a cornice of panel work terminating in a cresting. At Paignton, the beauty of the screen in which the figures repose, with its bewilder- ing array of ornament, almost defies description. Piows of niches with figures occur under, while above, arches covered with large bas-reliefs, dehcate tracery, foliage and fretwork of surprising intricacy, rise over the figures, terminating in finials whicli support full-length figures of angels bearing shields. The portion of the screen at Marklon that contains the effigy is of similar character to that at Paignton, but plainer. The shields found on these screens are of the peculiar shape with the notch at the dexter point, which are designated a houche. At Paignton, the siu-face is plain; at Marldon, fluted. The use of the notch was to admit the shaft of the lance. At Colyton, the canopy assumes the form of a large niche of taber- nacle work, mth smaller niches by the sides, one containing the Virgin and Holy Child, the other, an angel with a thurible ; the plain cornice of quatrefoils over is a modern addition ; the original design appears to have been by finials rising from the side buttresses, wnth an open cresting probably between. At Upton Pyne, the knight reclines on a tomb, beneath are panels and shields, above is an arch, ornamented with vine f(j]iage ; in the spandrils are tracery and shields. In S. Mary Arches, the toml) and canopy are similar to the last described ; by the sides are niches with angels holding the emblems of tlu^ Mass. At South Pool, the canopy over the priest is much the same ; beneath are figures in niches, apparently ecclesiastics. This tomb was intended also for an Easter sepulchre ; at the back of the arch is a sculi)tured representa- tion of tlie Resurrection, and discomfiture of the guard. Another Easter sepulchre, very similar to this one, is found in the adjoining Church of PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 7 Woodloigh, but without an effigy. Tlie figure at South Pool appears to have been placed in the recess, but not permanently fixed there, so as to be capable of removal at Easter, and after the festival rej)laced ; the head is broken off. Tliese three last specimens shew numistakeable evidence of decadence in this beautiful branch of Christian art, alike in poverty of design, and quality of workmanship. Number. — The complete number of statues under review in this divi- sion of the County, which may be described by taking a line from Sampford Peverell across to Beer Ferrers, amounts to fifty-three, including fragments and the memento mori. Of these, nine are Crusaders, fifteen armed Knights, four Priests, three Civilians ; in all, thirty-one Males, and twenty- two Females. In nine instances, man and wife recline together. The Illustrations. — Of the illustrations which are here offered, it should be observed that all the effigies described have been personally visited, and the drawings made from sketches taken on the spot. Tliey may lack, unfortunately, the artistic taste and finish that could be desired, but for accuracy of detail, their general correctness may be relied on. The diffi- culties of sketching recumbent figures under arches, which often almost prevent a complete view being obtained, is greater, perhaps, than would be imagined, while, occasionally, a barricade of high pews so darkens the object, as to render the lines scarcely distinguishable. Details, where con- sidered of sufficient interest, are given on a larger scale. Classification. — The effigies, as a whole, may be arranged in four well- marked divisions, or eras, indicated by change of costume and develop- ment of armour. The full period over which the investigation extends, and within whose limit the effigies are included conformably with their presumed origin, embraces about three centuries, beginning in the middle of the thirteenth, and terminating at a similar juncture in the sixteenth century. Designations. — The conventional term Crusader has been adopted, as being perhaps the best qualified to describe the well-known cross-legged ring-mailed figures so frequently found in our (jld parish Churches. Their era unquestionably dates about the time of the stirring events from which their popular name is derived, and the expressive symbohc attitude, so 8 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE characteristic of the deep rehgious feeling of the age, seems evidently intended to imply the full meaning attached to tlieir peculiar appearance, now usually understood to affirm that they had either actually borne arms in the Holy Wars, or were under vow to do so, or had given largely of their substance in futherance of the movement. This explanation has, however, been challenged at various times, from the circumstance of other effigies, dating from an era long subsequent to the Crusades, occurring in such attitude. They are, however, exceedingly rare. There is one example in Exeter Cathedral of Sir Peter Carew, in 1581, but the posture is evidently only an Elizabethan conceit. The thirteenth century mailed figures with their crossed-legs and hands grasping their swords, together with the remarkable family or class likeness always observable, offer a response to the eye of the investigator who has visited many of them, which goes far to assure him that the legendary designation, so applied, may be regarded with a strong warrant of correctness. Division I, a.d. 1250 to 1310. Crusaders. — Cross-legged, in complete hauberk, or suit of chain or ring mail. This consisted of a close-fitting round coif or cap, but, sometimes, flat-crowned, and brought up to an angular finish at the side. To the cap was attached the camall or gorget, which encircled the neck and fell tippet-wise to the shoulder, and there met the haubergeon, or shirt of mail, which reached with a close skirt nearly to the knee, and extended in tight fitting sleeves to the gauntlets or gloves. The feet and legs were covered with chausscs, or hose, of the same material. Over this was worn a long surcoat, divided in front to the waist, where it was secured by the sword belt. They are represented drawing tlieir swords — they wear the heater shaped shield (which is suspended by a guige or strap from the shoulder), on till- left firm, and the ])ryck or spike spur. The head usually reclines on a (Idiibic fMisliiuii, and the feet against a lion. The figure in the transe])t at Beer Ferrers rests on an obtuse-pointed close helmet, and thus marks him to bo of somewhat later date than the Icnight in the Chancel. The effigy at Ilaccombe (one of the finest of the age PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 9 possibly left remaining anywhere) has his mall beautifully ornamented, probably tlamasquined, with a nuining pattern characteristic of the time ; tlu> belts and scabbard are also similarly decorated. The representation of mail on this figure instead of being incised in the stone, which was the ordinary practice, has it otherwise pourtayed by means of a kind of enamel on the surface, which is gradually peeling off. Poi-tions of two Crusaders, fragments only, are found at Modbury ; and another, much muti- lated, at Sampford Peverel. WoMEX. — In flowing robe or mantle, ftilling on and gathered in over the arms, beneath this the long gown that hung from the shoulders which it tightly fitted, and was apparently sleeveless ; round the neck the linen gorget with its voluminous folds which was brought closely up about the face, and pinned or fastened to a veil or cover-chief, forming puffs on each side of the head. The hands are generally joined in prayer, as at Modbury, Membury, and Ilsington, but they sometimes are holding a book or shield, as at Haccombe and Stoke Fleming, or a shrine with the Blessed Virgin and Child, as at Axminster. Foundresses and Heiresses. — It is probable that the female figures with the books, shrine, and shield, indicate foundresses and a heiress. The effigy at Axminster with the shrine is supposed, by an able authority (Mr. Davidson), to be Alice de Mohun — she was fourth daughter of Lord Briwere, a powerful baron of his time, who founded the adjacent Abbey of Dunkeswell. She married Sir Reginald de Mohun, who, with his brother Sir William, founded the Abbey of Newenham, in Axminster. Thus, she was the wife and daughter of Founders, and, in addition to this, the Church of Axminster is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin, whose representation she holds in her hands ; she was most munificently in- clined, and during twelve years gave all the stone used in the erection of Sahsbury Cathedral. At Haccombe, the lady with tlie book is, perhaps, Margaret, the widow of Sir Stephen do Haccombe, the Founder of the Arch-Presbytery there ; the other with the shield, her only daughter and Heiress, Cecily, wife of Sir John Lercedekne. Of the lady at Stoke Fleming, there is no record. A peculiarity is observable, also, in the effigies sup- porting the books ; with the other hand they are grasping a cordon or ribbon round the neck, in addition to holding up some of the folds of c- 10 THE SPEULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE tlie mantle. Whether the hand thus employed has anything within it, cannot be determined, but it is not improbable that a small reliquary was attached to the ribbon. In the beautiful figure of Eleanor, Queen of Edward I, in Westminster Abbey (ob: 1290), one of the hands is simi- larly occupied, the other originally held a sceptre. Division IT., a.d. 1310 to 1350. Effigies whose costume and attitude ixoiake of Transition character. Crusaders. — At Tiustleigh, in pointed bascinets, camail, long sm-coat, shield on left arm, one hand grasping the sword, the other resting on the shield. These effigies do not lie flat on their backs, but are at half turn, a position often observed at this era, and adopted, probably, to shew the fissure better. It is uncertain whether the lefjs and arms are covered with mail or plate, more probably, the former '; and, although there are no incised marks to attest this, yet it may have been originally represented by colour only (as at Haccombe), which has now disappeai'ed. The lines roimd the elbows and knees seem also much more like the bands used to keep the mail hauberk in its place, than the divisions of plate armovu', nor is the distinctive lap of the solleret traceable. Their heads rest on helmets. To this period also, but somewhat later in date than the last des- cribed, may be assigned the knight in Ottery S. Mary. Here the legs are parallel to each other, and the sword is hold drawn in the right hand. The thiglis are covered with cuisses of a species of armorial defence often used at this period, composed of jacked leather (coiv houlli) with rows of iron studs alternating with the plaits. The other portions of the liiiiljs are evidently in mail, with shoulder and elbow pieces of plate, which ai'e of small size, shewing its gradual introduction. Or- namented circular genouillicrs cover the knees, roundels appear on the bends of the arms, and on tlio liands are plate gauntlets with short cuffs, in excellent preservation. lie wears a pointed bascinet, camail, haubergeon, short surcoat, and what appears like a light half cloak reaching to the bend of the knee behind. A narrow enriched baudric circles the PAEISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 11 liips to which the remauis of a scabbard is attached. The head rests on a large close visored tilting helmet, from which springs the quaint cresting not uncommon at the time, and supposed to represent liorns, with rings at their extremities, to which the costly cointoise, or mantling of silk, that displayed the distinctive colours of the knight, was attached during tourney and joust. The easy nonchalant attitude, elongated moustache, and strange position of the sword held in the right hand and passing out luider the left arm, create a specialty of interest re- lative to this interesting figure. Another fine eflSgy of a knight (Crusader) referable to this era, occurs at Little Hempston ; he lies fully cross-legged with basclnet, camail, haubergeon, and short surcoat. The shield suspended by a guige is worn on the left arm, and to the baudric is attached the sword and misericorde. The hands are raised in prayer, the arms are completely covered with plate, but the legs are apparently in mail, with ornamented genouilliers of plate ; his head rests on a cushion, and on his feet are rowelled spurs. Tliis is evidently very late for a cross-legged figure, from the character of the armour and defensive appointments. The last, or seventh, Crusade ended in 1297, which date would coincide tolerably well with his appearance here, supposing him to have survived that event some few years. Priests. — In chasuble, alb, amice, stole, and with maniple ; their hand crossed flat on the breast, or elevated prayer-wise ; at their feet a dog ; at Axmouth, Axminster, and Clayhidon. The effigy at Axmouth wears a round coif or cap, probably a Prior's, as three of the Vicars of Axmouth at this date were successively Priors of Loders, Dorset, to which the vicarage was attaclied. Civilian. — The effigy in Townstal Church, Dartmouth, probably should be included here from the early character of the arch under which he lies, and the general appearance and workmanship of the figure. The costume gives no certain indication as to date. He is habited in a long gown, which falls in straight plain folds to the feet, tine hands are raised in prayer, the head rests on a large square cushion, and the hair appears to have been brought down in a curl or roll on each side of the face. 12 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Women. — In the earKer specimens little change of dress occurs from that described in the last, division. In later ones the large square head- dress presents itself, plaited as at Powderham, or puckered as at Ottery S. Mary. At Little Hempston, the extending close boddice and sleeves indicate the gradual approach to the afterward popular cote-hardie, together •with the enriched clasps and tasseled cords that secured the mantle, found also at Ottery S. Mary, and again at Powderham, where the earliest dependent stomacher is shewn of plain character. It is probable this last elegant appendage to the dress consisted of a series of clasps or snaps, and was used to fasten together the jacket or cote-hardie, and the skirt below, as it extends below the boddice. Division III., a.d. 1350 to 1420. This era is wonderfully prolific in its display of effigies, the costume and workmanship being often very fine. Knights. — In pointed bascinets, generally of plain character, but some- times slightly ornamented at the edge, where the vervelles or eyes, used to secure the camail, came through and were threaded along outside, the ends being tasselled, — seen very perfectly at Little Hempston, Crediton and Haccombe ; whUe at King's CarsweU, a rich orle or wreath of roses, evidently composed of gold and gems, runs aroimd the helmet ; goi-get and haubergeon of mail, and over this the close fitting short surcoat or jupon, handsomely fringed and embroidered at the skirt, — as at Broad Clydt, Tamerton Foliot, and Crediton, and emblazoned with the arms of the wearer, as still visible at King's Carswell and Tamerton Foliot. The shield has disappeared except in one instance (Widworthy), the baudric buckled and knotted in front is highly ornamented, probably jewelled, and to it are attached the sword and misericordo or sliort dagger, used for despatching the prostrate foe by a coup de grace, administered through the joints of the plate harness, or small apertures in tlu; helmet ; hence it is, that this weapon does not appear until plate annour became general. The arms and legs are now completely encased in plate ; on the arms are pauldrons (shouldrr guards), coudicres or elbow ])iece3, rear and vam- PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 13 broccs or brassarts defend the arms, and the hands in gauntlets. The legs are protected by cuisses, genouilliers, jambarts, and the feet in sollerets, or iron shoes, and the pryck spur is succeeded by the wheel or rowell. The feet rest on lions couchant regardant ; the head, either on a cushion or tilting helmet, guarded by angels. Two of these great heaumes deserve a more detailed notice : one at Broad Clyst has round it an orle fleur-de-lys, and the crest appears somewhat like a lion's paw, but it was probably intended as an elongation to which the mantling was attached. The other, a beautiful specimen, is at Haccombe, and instead of the usual round form is angular, and divided at the sides into ornamental panels, studded at the edges. The crest here is Avell defined, being the badge of the wearer, a Courtenay, a plume of feathers or panache, encircled together by a trefoil leafed crest coronet ; falling over the back of the helmet is a mantlmg of short feathers ending in a tassell. The lion at the feet of the figure is very vigorous in design. Smaix, Effigy. — At Haccombe is a small eflfigy of alabaster, 2 feet 3 inches in length, representing a civilian, with curled hair, tight hose, surcoat or doublet and baudric ; tl^e workmanship is very fine. According to Lysons another small eflBgy formerly existed in Partington Church, with curled hair and long gown. The eflfigy at Haccombe j^robably represents a child. In Westminster Abbey are two figures about 18 inches in length in alabaster, said to pourtray William of Windsor and Blanche de la Tour, two children of King Edward III., by his Queen Phihppa. They died about 1340. The male figure is attired almost exactly the same as the small efiigy at Haccombe. Many of these diminutive effigies are in existence. At Abbey Dore, Herefordshire, is one of a Bishop 14^ inches long ; at Horsted-keynes, Sussex, a kniglit cross-legged ; at Salisbury, the Boy Bishop. Sometimes they are found represented as infants rolled in swaddling clothes ; such are denominated Clirisom children, being supposed to have died within a month of their birth, but baptized. Women.- -Extremly picturesque in appearance and elaborate in detail They present themselves in cote-hai-die, kirtle or gown, and with long mantle or cloak hanging from the shoulders. The necklaces (King's CarsweU and Tamerton Foliot), cloak fastenings, and dependent stomachers, appear to be of the richest character, evidently formed of gold and 14 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE gems, and worked into intricate patterns. The head dresses were the jewelled coronet (King's Carswell), or costly net-work caul and chaplet (King's Carswell), and also at Haccombe, to which the peplum or veil is attached ; or the large square form as at Crediton and Tamerton Fohot, the latter very handsome, evidently quilted and interlaced with rows of pearls, and with a veil thrown over the top ; she wears also a necklace with cross pomee attached. Sharp pointed shoes peep out among the voluminous folds at the feet, which gene'"ally rest on a dog. At South Pool the immense size of the square head dress is remarkable. Division IV., a.d. 1450 to 1550. KxiGHTS. — These are clad almost wholly in plate armour, the camail and surcoat are dispensed with, but the mail haubergeon in a modified de- gree is retained, and brought up closely round the neck where (at Marldon) it finishes with an ornamental roll or collar. The pauldrons (increased in size) extend upward and laterally, and with the men- tonniere (chin guard) defend the neck, as at Plympton and Modbury. The breastplate supersedes the jupon, to this a second smaller one c;dled the placcatc was sometimes added, as seen on the figure at Modbury. Follo\A'ing the breastplate are the dependent taces (hip guards), to the central lap the tuilles are buckled protecting the thighs, autl the long sword only is worn suspended by a narrow waist-belt buckled and knotted in front. Little decoration occurs, but at Paignton tiirec chains of link-work with crosses patbe attached encircle the breasts of the figures. This ornament was doubtless the badge of some peculiar office held by the wearer, such as the shrievalty, or having been the patron of the Church, or founder f)f the Chantry wherein the person was buried. The eflBgy of Sir John Sjjukr in Exeter Cathedral is similarly decorated. In illustration of the foregoing supposition, it may be remarked, that the figures at Paignton deemed fo represent the Kirkluuns were doubtless the fi)unlan the Chantry's choral shrine, The daily dirge and rites divine." — Warton. Founders' Tombs. — While here, too, on the subject of tombs found in the walls of ..nr Churches, a great inunl)er of plain openings exist, merely an obtuse arch without ornn-incnt of any kind, often under a tro.n3ept window, or in tin,' Chancel ; some of tlicsc may at one time PARISH CHURCHES OP SOUTH DEVON. 21 have had figui'es reclining in tlicm, now de.stroyed, but it is more pro- bable they wei'e generally without such addition. These were perhaps " Founders' Tombs," and the enriched specimens at Broad Clyst and Beer Ferrei-s can scarcely be mistaken as to their intention. Before Wyatt, in 1789, committed such dreadM havoc In Salisbury Cathedral, on the north side of the high altar, in the wall, under an arch cut through, with a light protecting arcade on either side (as at Beer Ferrers) lay the Founder of ^that stately fabric, Bishop Richard Poore, in full pontificalibus ; he died in 1237. Effigies Destroyed. — Without doubt, our churches were at one time graced with many more effigies than those now left, as fragments are often found embedded in the walls during the progress of repairs and restora- tions. It is open to question, whether we have to deplore their loss nearly as much through the fanatic zeal of Puritan iconoclasts in the seventeenth century, as we may to the seemingly irresistible propensity for piu-e mischief, indulged in often by ordinary jjeople visiting them, or workmen engaged in the repair of the sacred edifice, and exhibited not only in carving wretched initials and dates everywhere, but also in de- facing the salient pai'ts of the figure, or cunningly worked ornaments of the tomb until what was once a beautifully harmonious composition, full of grace and symbolism, is reduced to an almost shapeless piece of mutilation. Add to this the want of interest and consequent neglect hitherto accorded them by those whose province it shoidd have been to have seen them safely preserved, we cannot wonder that one by one, many of these interesting figures, after passing through every kind of indignity, until they were reduced to formless unsightly objects, were finally broken up and destroyed. Effigies at Dartington and Paignton seem to have recently disappeared, or were not observable on recent visits ; and there was another originally in the now vacant arch in the Marldon screen. At Luppit also, in the north chancel wall, are the remains of an arch with cusps and corbels ; in this arch was an effigy within living memory which is now gone. This was probably the tomb of Sir John Carew, the first of that family settled in Otteiy Mohun, by marriage with an heiress of ]\Ioliun, who died in 1363. Assumed DaJLen. — In assigning dates to comprise the respective eras with- 22 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE in whicli the eflSgies are conjectured to be included, it may be mentioned that they have been grouped as nearly as ascertained dates and character- istics of costume have suggested and permitted, after a careful comparison had been made of the gradual variation of position, and the accompany- ing change and development of armour and other apparel. It is well known that it was occasionally the practice to prepare the figures during the lifetime of the persons they were intended to represent, this fact would, in some measure, perhaps reconcile any seeming discrepancy that may appear on comparing some with others of the same apparent date, that were probably sculptured after death. Insci'iptions remaining. — The only traces of the original inscriptions discernible on the tombs are at South Pool, Upton Pyne, and S. Mary Arches, Exeter, and these are only fragments, while the figures they describe are also the latest in the order of succession. Heraldry.- -But few heraldic devices remain, which sculptured in relief hav6 in some measiu-e defied the obliterating effects of the ubiquitous whitewash brush, and even these are often so clotted up by frequent daubings as to be almost undecipherable. The surcoats of Gorges and Dinham, the shield of Prouz of Widworthy, and the escutcheons on the tombs of Larder, Andrews, Strode, Courtenay (2), and Dinham, are so distinguished ; but witli all the rest, shield, surcoat, and escutcheon have long ago been denuded of their original blazonry, or are shrouded deeply with the impenetrable white, which has eaten into and destroyed the colours, thus effectually cancelling the excellent clue to identifica- tion these ensigns armorial would otherwise have afforded. Identification. — Amid difficidties of such magnitude, and admitting of little amelioration, the task of assigning the names of the persons to whose memory these effigies were originally jslaced is necessarily a work of great uncertainty, and often very unsatisfactory, and it is not pretended ill the following short notices appended, to offer in most instances any- thing more than the nearest probability of whom they represent. Tn a few case-s a tolerable degree of sureness has been arrived at. The date of the .statue as evinced in its costume, style of tomb, and general appearance, together with the remains of any heraldic data accomjjanying it, and the voice of tradition in the parisli, where such lingers, have PAKISII CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 23 been compared with the cotemporary history of the County as found described in the pages of her most trustworthy historians, and as close an approximation made of apparent identification as possible. No absolute guarantee is in any way offered ; doubtless the researches of succeeding investigators in this inviting field of local history will unravel much that is now uncertain and obscure. " Lector, quicunque es, tumulum circumspice nostrum, Quo mea nee dolor est, ossa sepulta jacent. Non procul aspicias, triplex ubi ducit imago, Una ego, spousa alia est, tertia nata mea est. Pulvis ego, sic uxor eris, sic nata ; valete ! Xto vive uxor, filia vive Deo." — Old Epitaph. 24 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE AXMINSTER. These two effigies are situate in the Chancel near its juncture with the transepts. The first, a Priest, occurs under a bhuit arch in the north wall. The other, also under an obtuse arch, is a Lady, and situate neai-ly opposite the former. Tliese figures evidently assimilate in date with the Early Decorated character of the Chancel, its sedilia and handsome piscina. The Priest is said to be Gervase de Prestaller, vicar of the parish, and chaplain and steward to the Lord Briwere, who flourished at the close of the twelfth century. The Lady to be that of Alice, daughter of Lord Briwere and wife of Sir Reginald de Mohun, lord of the manor of Axminster and co-founder with his brother Sir William of the ad- joining Abbey of Newenham, in 1247. The noble family of Mohun became exthict on the 15 th November, 1712, by the death of Charles, the fifth baron, in a duel with James Duke of Hamilton, when both antagonists were killed. AXMOUTH. This effigy occurs in the north wall of the Chancel, just opposite the Holy Table, and lies almost level witli the floor in a recess formed by a rather lofty obtuse arch. Beneath this is a canopy formed by a second similar arcli, wliich is ornamented witli five boldly moulded per- forated cusps, which spring from corbel heads at the sides. The figure represents a Priest in full sacerdotal costume. The character- istics of the Chancel windows, priest's door, &c., are evidently of Early Decorated origin, to which date the figure probably belongs. The manor and Cliurch of Axiiioiiih were originally appropriated by Ilichard de Rivers to the Benedictine abbey of S. Mary of Montbourg, near Cou- tances in Normandy. Subsequently, it was considered a parcel of Loders priory, Dorset, also a cell of the said abbey ; and the prior, as proxy for the Abbot of Montbourg occasionally exercised tin; light of presentment, which it sh(juld seem he often accorded to hiniseH'. Three of these priors PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 25 SO instituted were, Roger Hariel, 1320 ; Simon de Londa (a professed Benedictine monk of the mother house,) 1355 ; and Robert Doree, 1361. It it very likely the effigy may represent one of these Priors, who, not unnaturally perhaps, preferred the social amenities of a country priest's vocation, to the more straightened severity of a monastic life. Beer Ferrers. Three effigies are found in this old and most interesting Cliurch. Two, a Crusader and his Wife, are on the north side of the Chancel, the other also a Crusader at the end of the north transept, they are assigned to represent some members of the De Ferrarys, or Ferrers family, who anciently possessed the place from the time of Henry II., down to the middle of the fourteentli century, when the heiress of Ferrers brought it to Champernowne. There was a Collegiate Chantry in this Church for six priests, founded by William de Ferrers in 1328, and endowed with the advowson of the Church of Beer Ferrers. In the east window were some curious remains of painted glass, particularly the figiu-es of the Founder and his Lady, with an imperfect inscription, wliich denotes him to be Sir William Ferrers. The different compartments of the window had borders formed of the arms of Ferrers, and plain coloured glass placed alternately. Lysons gives a coloured engraving of this glass. The Knight is clad exactly the same as the figure in the monument under, so is the Lady. He is kneeling and holding a Church in his hands, she is also kneeling with her hands in prayer, and both have the device of Ferrers, horse shoes on a bend, on their mantles. The inscription over the knight seems to be " axUlUS : JTeiTpS," &c., the other portion being very indistinct. This glass was not observable on a recent visit, but is stiU preserved it is believed in the Church. The figures in the window over, and the effigies on the tomb below, evidently represent the same persons. Sir William de Ferrers who lived here 27 Henry III., (1243) and Isota his wife ; they had issue three sons, aU knights; the last of the family bemg Martyn de Ferrers, who lived in the time of Edward III., and conveyed this inheritance to the Champemownes. The figure in the transept is perhaps Reginald, son of 6 THE SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE 5 Sir William, who married Margaret, sister and heiress of Sir Robert le Dendis, of Pancrasmke. An old gravestone in. the transept, inscribed with a Calvary cross on degrees, on which is the sacred heart and monogi'am, marks the burial place of Roger Champernowne, son of Alexander Champernowne of Modbury, who married lone, the heii-ess of Martyn Ferrers before alluded to ; the inscription runs thus : *'l^tc jacet Eoger CljampfrnoUnie, acmiger, m ate priecietur lif amr." The arms of Ferrers are on a boss in the ceiling of the porch, also on a portion of the old screen ; this latter shield has a curious augmentation of Jive devices like ships' rudders, probably in allusion to the maritime situation of Beer Ferrers, and to distinguish them from other branches of the family settled elsewhere. The following shields are also found in in the groining of the porch: 1, In fess, four fusils, each charged with a crescent ; 2, A cross floree ; 3, a toiver (?) charged with two crosslets. On a portion of the screen is the achievement of Lord Willoughby de Brooke, K.G. : Quarterly of fom- — 1, Four crosses— first and third, plain; second and fourth, molirie, (Willoughby) ; 2, Four fusils in fesse (Cheney) ; 3, A cross floree (Latimer) ; 4, A chevron (Stafford). This Lord Brooke, who died in 1502, married Blanche, daughter of John Champernowne, brother of Roger, before alluded to, which Roger died without issue. By this match he acquired large property in Beer Ferrers and Callington ; he died at the latter place, and is there buried under a magnilicent tomb in tlie Churcli, on which is his effigy in alabaster, in full armour, with his robes as Knight of the Garter thrown over him. The ship^s rudder, evidently the device of Ferrers, is on the tomb surmounted with liis royal patron's (Henry VIL) rose. Broad Clyst. This fine monument, one of the most beautiful in the county, is situated in the south w;ill of the Chancel. The manor of Broiuklyst was held l)y the Nonants from temp. Henry, I. to that of Edward III Sir Roger de Nonant, i) September, 1321, PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON 27 obtained license from Bishop Stapledon to have Divine Service performed in " Capella sua See. Agnetis de Clyston per idoneum capellanum suis propi'iis sumtibus sustentandum, ita quod per hoc matrici ecclesie, infra cujus limites dicta Capella situata existit nullum prejudicium generetur." Tlie monument in all probability belongs to this vi^orthy knight. From another source we learn, there were then " in Clyst Churcli, sundry remembrances of the Chudleighs." John Chudleigh (a descendant of Prouz) married Jane, daughter of Beauchainp of Ryme, who married Alice, one of the daughters and co-heirs of Sir Roger de Nonant, Knight, Lord of Broadclyst, which manor, John Chudleigh had in marriage with his wife, and had issue, James." A great similarity exists in costume, and execution of the two effigies occurring in the Churches of Broad Clyst and Widworthy, and they are evidently of contemporary date. Clayhidon. This effigy, of wliich only a portion (the upper half) remains, is now walled in on its side in the south aisle ; it represents a Priest similar in costume and attitude to that at Axmouth, and its original position was probably in the Chancel. COLYTON. This effigy is in the Chancel, but its original position was in the north transept. The insciiption on a brass plate, which was added ■when the monument was removed, runs thus : "fHargnrct, tinugljtcr of JlHilliam Courtmns, dSaxl of Dcfaon, ant) tijc ^DrincESS 3intf)criiu, gouncjcst tmucjljlcv of C^jtoarti tf)c ^tJ), Uing ofJCrnglanti, tiiet at CTolcombe, rijofeEb 65 a fisl)=ban£, a.B. mtiiif., ant ixias bmieO in t{)e tiottfj transept of tl)t'8 Cfjurclj." Over are three shields : 1, Courtenay ; 2, Conrtenay impaling France and England ; 3, France and England alone. This inscription appears to have been founded on data given by Cleveland (247 pp.), who says, "and one daughter named Margaret, who was choked with a bone of a fish, and died at Colcomb very young, and there is a monument of an 28 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE antique figure still remaining for her in the parish Church of Coliton, where her effigies is placed at full length in a nich of the north wall, with the efiigies of an angel at her head, and another at her feet, and the ile' where this monument is placed is called choke-hone He to this day." This account, which had up to a late period remained unquestioned, has recently through the careful investigations of Dr. Oliver and Mr. Pitman Jones been altogether upset. The Lady Margaret Courtenay, thus said to have been so unfortunately choked, is mentioned in her mother's will, dated l.')27, where it is enjoined, with others they shall say mass " for the soule of Mai'garet, late wife of Henry Lord Herberd, our daughter;" she was also living with her husband at Richmond on 2 July, 1520, in attendance on the infant Princess Mary. This "Lord Henry Herberd," was in all probability the eldest son of Charles Somerset, Earl of Worcester ; he was married twice after this union with Margaret Courtenay, and died in 1549 ; it seems therefore scarcely possible to hazard a conjecture as to whom this monument was erected. The style is of Late Perpendicular character, and the arms shew direct alliance with the blood royal, the costume also points to the close of the fifteenth centuiy. It should be observed the impalement of France on the tomb is three jleur-de-lys only, known as France modern, in contradistinction to the earher coat termed France anlient, which bore semee oj Jieur-de-lys. Modern France of three de lys was first adopted on the royal shield by Henry IV., early in the fifteenth century. This fixes the date of the monument to be subsequent to that time. There may have been another child born to the noble pair whose name has been lost in the family pedigree, and this figure may commemorate her. Three children (John, Robert, and Alice) of Hugh de Courtenay, of Colcombe, and Alianora his wife, daughter of Hugh de Spencer, Earl of Winchester, died young, and were interred in S. Andrew's Cliurch, Colyton, before the year V.WQ ; but this date would be too early, nor would the arms accord. PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 29 Crediton. These effigies, a Knight and a Lady, are found at tlio end of the south aisle of the clioir, but this was probably not their original position, and they are said to represent Sir John de Sully and his wife, the daughter of Fitz-Robert, Baron of Torrington. Westcote says — " There is another more fair monument of alabaster, of a knight clad in his armour, with his lady laying beside him ; at his feet a lion, at liers a lamb ; it is said to be the Interment of Johannes de Sully or Silly, and that it had some such an inscription, ' Dominus Johannes de Sulhj.' He was Baron of Torrington in the time of Edward III., his seat at Rookesford, lately the land of Chichester alienated to Davie. His arms on the window by his tomb, argent, three chevrons gules, also ermine, three chevrons gules!' Westcote is mistaken in two particulars, the figures are in freestone, and the animal at the lady's feet a dog. On the surcoat of the knight the red chevrons are still apparent. Risdon, in his description of Iddesleigh, which should seem to be the nest of this knightly family, thus refers to the Sullys : " Its antient Lords were the Sullys, who dwelt here in the reign of Richard 1., having two fair parks, &c. Sir John de Sully, Knight, the last of the house, married one of the co-heirs of the Baron of Tomngton ; he was a man much renowned with the wars of the Holy Land, where he remained many years, but being in the end wounded, he returned to his country, and at his home-coming his officers brouglit unto him stores of coin, which laying ou his cloak, which was cloth of gold, he said that once he would tumble iu gold and silver, whereof he gave one-third to his wife, another to his officers and servants, and a third part to the poor ; and he gave his part of the honour of Torrington to his cousin, the Lord Fitz-Martyn. He left issue, one daughter, married to a knight in Somersetshire, fi'om whom the Stowells are descended. This Sir John Sully ditnl of the wounds received in the Holy War, and lyeth buiTled at Crediton, but hath here (at Iddesleigh) a cenotaphe, and that after a martial manner, with his proportion cut cross-legged thereon." Thus far, Risdon ; the figures, however, in Crediton Church are far more likely to be the 30 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE " cenotaphe," fi-om their later date. A recent writer in the Quarterly Revieic thus refers to him : " In Crediton Church is an effigy supposed to be that of Sir John Sully, a venerable warrior, who was present at the fight of Halidon Hill, at the siege of Berwick, at the battles of Cressy, Najara, and Poictiers, and who, at the age of 105, gave his evidence on what is known to heralds as the "Scroop and Grosvenor controversy," whicb took place 1385-90. S. Mary Arches, Exeter. This effigy is in the south aisle, and represents Thomas Andrew, who was one of the Bailifts of tlie city in 1494, and afterwards Mayor succes- sively in 1504 and 1510. The following is the complete inscription on tlie frieze of the tomb, as read by Dr. Oliver some years since ; many of the words are now almost obliterated : "'iL}it met fHagistcr Cfjomnss 3[ntirc$D, qiiontinm fHm'or tittilatis (Sxanic, qtu obit't an. Dili, mcccccrtiii, d nona tsk fttarcii (nijus) anime propirictur, amm." In the spandrils of the arch are his arms : A saltire, the arms crossed patee at the top, interlaced by a reap-hooh or sickle. Below on the tomb the same device is repeated, and on another shield are the arms of the Merchant Adventurers : Nehidy of six, on a chief quarterly of Joui — first and fourth, a lion oj England ; second and third, two roses. Mayor Andrew by his will, dated 23 April, 1517, left certain lands and tenements to find a priest to pray for his soul in his Chantrj- dedicated to S. Andrew and S. Thomas, and to sustain for ever twelve poor men. Feniton. An effigy representing an ojnaciatod Figure in a winding sheet is found on a high altar tomb on tlie .south side of the Chancel, and has already been described fully. PARISH CIIUUCIIKS OF SOUTH DEVON. 31 Haccombe. TIlis little Church is singularly rich in effigial remains, there being five altogether. The early lords of Haccombe were Sir Jordan of that name {temp. Henry II.), and successively Stephen, Jordan, and Stephen. In 1328 Bishop Grandison dedicated the Church, or Arch-pre.sbytry, then com- pleted by Sir Stephen de Haccombe, and the foundation deed expressly affirms tliat this parish Church had served as the burial place of Sir Stephen de Haccombe and his progenitors. At the services held there, they were to pray for the said Bishop, Hugh Courtenay, Earl of Devon, Margaret, relict of Sir Stephen de Haccombe, Cecily, daughter and heiress of Sir Stephen de Haccombe, and wife of Sir John Lercedekene, and Robert de Pyl, clerk, then living, and for the repose of the soul of the founder. Sir Stephen de Haccombe, Jordan de Haccombe (his brother), and others deceased. Three of the effigies probably represent some of the personages enumerated above. The beautiful figure of the Crusader in his damasquined mail is possibly Sii* Stephen de Haccombe, although the date, according to the deed above mentioned, would be a late one, comparatively, for the costume ; the Lady with the book is probably Margaret de Haccombe, wife of Sii' Stejahen ; the other with the coat of arms may be assigned to be Cecily, their daughter, and wife of John Lercedekene. The other effigies are supposed to depict Sir Hugh Courtenay, Knight, of Boconnoc, Cornwall, and Haccombe (obiit 5 March, 142.5), and his second wife Philippa, grand-daughter of Sir John and Cecily Lercedekene, before-men- tioned. This Sir Hugh Com-tenay was grandson of Hugh de Courtenay, second Earl of Devon, and brother to Edward, called the blind Eai'l. The small effigy has been already referred to. Ilsington This figure is in the noi-th transept, and is said to represent one of the Dinham family, who were connected with the parish at a remote period (temp. Edward I.), and continued in that name until it 32 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE came to the sisters of John, Lord Dinham, temp. Henry VIL, and Treasurer of the Exchequer to that king, obiit 1501. In 1387, Bishop Brantyngham licensed John Dinham to have an oratory in Ilsington, as well as at Kings-Carswell. Kings-Carswell Three effigies are in this Church, a Knight and two Ladies, they are now deposited on the ledges of the north aisle windows. The Knight and Lady with the coronet have been supposed to re- present Sir John Dinham and his wife Muriel, second daughter of Sir Tliomas Coui-tenay, of South Pool, Knight, but this must be a mistake from the impalement of arms under the tomb, which are as follows : — 1, Four fusils in fesse (Dinham) 2, Fretti/, 3, Dinham impaling the hist coat. MatUda Matravers (obiit 2 Henry TV., 1411) married first, Peter de la Mare, and secondly, Sir John Dinham. Knight. She was a daughter of John Matravers of Hooke, Dorset (obiit 9 Richard II., 138G), and Elizabeth his wife, dausrhter of Sir William Aum;de. The arms of Matravers of Hooke are : sable, a fret or (Hutchins), can this be the lady ■? In 1387, Bishop Brantyngham licensed John Dinham and Elinor his wife to have tiieir Oratory or Chapel in CarjweU Regis, in S. Mary Chnrcli. Wild this I'Jindr was cannot be ascertained. Till- ii[]\rr female ligiii'e Ikis no heraldic remains to give the least clue to identification. to LiTTiJ'; J Ikmpstox. Three fine effigies add to the attractions of this interesting Church. Little Hemp.ston, or Hemp.ston Ai-iindell, was possessed tein|). ilenry T. by Roger Arundel, to liiin succeeded Nl(bolas ;nid Jolm Ai'nndt>l. 'J7 Henry III., 1243. who left two daughters, Aroiidella .ind Joan. Arondella. innrried Ricliard Crispin of Wolseton, to whom followed William and Roger, who died without issue, 7 Edward 11., 1314. lone married PAKISII CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON 33 Waltt'i- (U> Braileston, anil the manor descended by heiresses to Stretch, Cheney, and Willuughby. It is probable from the complete character of the Church, and its style, Early Decorated, that it was rebuilt towards the close of the 13th, or early in the 14th century, and that the effigies represent some members of the Arundel or Crispin families, perhaps Sir John Arundel, his daughter Arondella, and her husband Richard Crispm. LUSTLEIGH. Three effio-ies are found in this Church : two occur under low obtuse o arches, in the wall of the north aisle of the nave, the other is placed on the tloor at the east end. This last figure seems to have been removed from a low arch on the north side of the Chancel, which is now tenantless of its former inhabitant. The others are so barricaded by woodwork of the old pews as to be almost invisible. These memorials are assigned to the large and well known family of Proux, so fruitful of monumental fame in our Churches, whose cradle was in the adjacent parish of Gidleigh. "In an aisle of this Church" (Lustleigh) says Risdon, " is a tomb with the statue of a knight cut thereon, crosslegged, in stone, on whose shield are three lions, as also in that w^ndow under which he is interred are three lions between six cross crosslets, by which I conclude it was one of the family of Prouze. Another tomb there is arched over, where some say the Lord Dinham and liis lady were interred, whose pictures are to be seen, very glorious, in a glass window, liaving their armouries between them, and likewise on their surcoats escutcheons of arms." Every trace of heraldic blazonry either in the windows or on the figures is now gone. The story about Dinham is probably erroneous. In his notice of Gidleigh, Risdon also narrates the following : " Sir William Prouze ordained by his will to be buried amongst his ancestors at Lustleigh, but his executors interred him at Holberton. The lady Alice Mules, his daughter, who manied Sir Roger Mules, Baron of North Cadbury, after some time, coming to the knowledge that her father's will, touching his funeral, was not performed, petitioned the then 34 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Lord Bishop of Exon that the corpse might be taken up, and according to his will buried at Lustleigh, which was granted, and thereupon a mandatum was sent forth, which, in regard of a matter so strange and unusual, some happily may desire to read it, whereof behold the transcript : " Registrum venerabilis in Christo patris Domini Johannis de Grandison diidum Exon Episcopi incepti in manerium ejusdem patris apud Chiidleigh die Mercurii in festo sancti Luc. Evanjr., viz., 23 die men&is Octob. an. 1329, consecrationeum suje insipierit. " Mandat. ad exhauriend. coi'pns Domini Willielmi Pruz. milit. quarto die calend. Novemb. apud Chudlegh envenerunt maudatum Henr. Berry Decauus de Holbogiton nunc Holberton, sub hac forma. Ex parte nobilis mulieris Domiue Alicie Mules vobis est intimatum quod cum nobilis vir Domiuus Willielnius le Prouz pater ejus Miles parochianus in ecclesia de Lustlegh corpus suum deposuit in ultima voluntate sua in ecclesia de Lustlegh sepeliri, quidam tamen corpus ejus in ecclesi de Holberton sepeliri, minus voluntat. performat fecerunt. " Volentes igitur & omues pias & bouestas voluntates exsequi defunctorum, vobis committimus et mundamus quatenus corpus per legitimam inquisitionera vocat. et vocam. Ita esse inveneritis ossa proefati militis, cum reverentia qua decet, faciatis exhumare, ac apud ecclesiam parochialem de Lustlegh quam primum poteritis transportare. " Sir William Prouz, who was Lord of Gidleigh in the reign of Henry III , liad issue four sons ; to the eldest, bearing his own name, he gave Gidleigh and Throwleigh, to Sir Hichard he gave Ashreshton, now Ashton, and Sir Hugh, the third son, had Stapleton, Gatcombe and Widworthy. From the heirs general of which three knights are sprung divers dignous houses." Marldon. This effigy is in an abbuttal, wliith fdi'ins part of the handsome stone screen that formerly existed in the Cliurch. Doubtless there was originally another figure in the now vacant arch at the other end. This elegant memorial is said (n liave been erected by the Gilberts, who for a Imig period resided at I he neighbouring Castle of Compton. Thomas (Jilhert, of Compton, had issue, Otlio, who was Sheriff 15 Edward IV., 147(j, he was also I'atniii nC the pcri)ctual Chantry of S. PAEISH cnURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. 35 George in the parish Chixrch ; and his son, John Gilbert, presented to the same in 14!)2. To these succeeded John, Humphry, Adrian and othei-s. Kaleigh Gilbert was living there in Sir W. Pole's time, 1G30. It probably represents Otho Gilbert above described. Membury. This effigy is under a low arch in the north transept. Tt portrays a Female, and is almost an exact duplicate of that in Axminster Church, without the small shrine, and is considered to represent the same person, Alice de Mohun. Membury is a dependent chajjelry of Axminster. MoDBURY. Four effigies formerly graced the precincts of this interesting Church. Two of these were originally Crusaders, of one, only the head remains and portion of the body, of the other, merely the head. Another effigy represents a Lady. The fourth is of much later date, and of alabaster, with very fine workmanship, a Knight in complete plate armour, dating toward the close of the fifteenth century. He is habited, and is in all respects exactly like those at Plympton, with whom he evidently appears to have lived contemporary. There are two recessed mortuary arches with Early canopies in the south ti'ansept, in these, now, the Knight in plate armour and one of the Crusaders are placed. Another arch, with ranch richer canopy, and later date, occurs in the nortli transept, and in this the head and body of the other Cnisader, and that of the Lady are heaped up. They appear to have been all moved, and it is probable that three older effigies occupied the three arches originally, and that the tomb which supported the alabaster figure has been destroyed. An almost exactly similar effigy to this last described is found in Netherbury Church, Dorset, on an alabaster tomb. To whom we may venture to assign these effigies must be a matter of great uncertainty. The early possessors of Modbury were the Okestons. " Sir Alexander de Okeston which married lone. 36 THE SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE the widdowe of Ealph de Valletort, had issue, Sir James de Okeston, which died without issue, with commandment of King Edward the 2, (hee) conveyed Modbury and all other lands, formerly granted unto his father by lioger de Valletort, unto Sir Richard Chambernon, which was the son of Richard ; the said Richard, the father, was younger son of Sir Henry Chambernon, of Clyst Chambernon." (Pole). It may be these figures represent the Okestons The other Knight, from the similarity of costume and treatment to those at Plympton, may possibly be intended for Sir John Champernowne, who married first, Margaret, the daughter of Sir Philip Courtenay, of Molland (temp. 1488), and sister of Sir William Courtenay, of Loughtor, Plympton ; secondly, he married Jane West, of Loughtor. Ottery S. Mary. These two interesting statues are supposed to be Sir- Otho Grandison (brother to Bishop Grandison, and founder of the College of Ottery in 1335), and Beatrice his wife, daughter and co-heir of Nicholas Malmaynes. Sir Otho by will, dated 1360, bequeathed his body to be buried in the Collegiate Church of Ottery S. Mary, in case his death happened to be there ; but if at Chellesfield in Kent, then in the Chapel of S. John's in that town, but no evidence has been found at Chellesfield of his having been inteiTed there. The costume and armour seem to bespeak an earlier date. Are they cenotaphs to John and Sibilla Grandison, the parents of Otho, who were buried in the Church of the Cistercian Abbey of Dore, in Heref )rdshire 'i Paignton. The remains of four graceful efiigies recline in the t\v(j compartments of the beautiful sci-een across the south transept. This screen is tradition- ally said to have been erected l)y the Kirkhams of Blagdon, in this parish, and the figures to represent some members of that family, which began. Hays Pole, to dwell there in Edward T. time, and continued until these days (1G30). Nicholas Kirkham was ShcrifT of Devon, 2 PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON 37 Edward II. ; another Nicliolas, 1 1 Ptic-hard IT. ; and Sir Jolm Kirkham, 1.3 Henry VIII. Tlie heir general of the Kirkhams of Blagdon and Feniton, Margaret, daugliter of James Kirkhain, married William Westofer of Yardbiiry, Colyton, and was there burled, ](;i7. The armour on the figures, and the style of architecture, form of shields, &c., belong to the close of the fifteenth century ; Sir John Kirkham, Knight, of Blagdon, lived there, temp. Henry VII. (Pole). Plympton. In this fine Church are two eftigies almost exactly alike in costume and treatment. That in the north aisle represents Richard Strode of Newenham, Esq., as directed by his will dated 12 October, 1464. In this will he alluded to an incised stone in memory of his father, thus :■ — "^Sctra pntris ntti insculpln aim istt's bcxbis, bitielirEf ; ?i?ic jacct Sacs Strotic tc ilcinljm avmig." whose chapel in his manor of Newenham was licensed by Bishop Lacy, 20 May, 1432. Nothing can now be foiuid of this gravestone. The other figure in the south aisle belongs to the noble race of Courtenay, who long had possessions m Plympton. It is probably intended for William Courtenay, Esq., of Lough tor, in Plympton, and son of Sir Philip Courtenay, of MoUand, by liis wife Eliza])eth, daughter of Walter Lord Hungerford, who was living there (at Molland) in 1488. There should seem to be little doubt of this, the three sickles conjoined, the badge of the Hungerfbrds, occur on the soffits of the arch over the figure ; the same badge is shewn on the fine heraldic chimneypiece in the Bishop's Palace, Exeter, erected by Bishop Peter Courtenay, who was brother to this supposed William. William Courtenay had one son, called by Pole, Sir Philip Courtenay, of Loughtor, who by liis wife Jane, daughter of Richard Fowell, of Fowellscombe, left issue one daughter, married to William Strode, of Newenham, Esq., whose raonument is found in the Church, with that of bis lady, and dated 1632. It does not appear who William Courtenay married. The arms on 38 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE the tomb are — 1. Courtenay, with a label of three, impaling ; — 2. On a hend thres crosslets Jitchee ; — a coat similar to that of Pruteson, of Prute- son, in Newton Ferrers, whose heii-ess married Fortescue. POWDERHAM. This effigy redines under a low arch at the end of the south aisle. Tradition has assigned it, says Dr. Oliver, to be Isabella de Fortibus (obiit 1292), but she was buried in Bromnor Priory, Wilts, and this would be also much too early a date for the costume. The same able authority thinks it more j^^'^bable that it is a cenotajsh to Elizabeth, daughter of Edward I., wife of Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, and mother of Margaret, wife of Hugh Courtenay, third Eax-1 of Devon (obiit 1377), and buried witli his Countess in the nave of Exeter Cathedral. Powdei'ham belonged to the Bohuns, and the above named Humphry gave it to his daughter Margaret as her marriage portion, and she by her will dated 1390, bequeathed it to her fourth son, Su' Philip Courtenay. This Elizabeth de Bohun died 5 May, 1316, aged 32, and was buried at the altar steps of the Lady Chapel, in Walden Abbey, Essex. This date woidd agree nearly with the character of the th-ess, and there is an additional peculiarity relative to the dog at the feet of this figure, which has on a collar of quatrefoils or roses, the effigy itself is very noble. Sampford Peverell. This figure is placed on the floor on tlie north side of the Chancel, and appears to have been removed from its original position. It is a Crusader, and much mutilated, the legs below the knees being wholly gone. He is supposed to represent one of the Peverells, the ancient lords of the place, "which began to inhabit in this shire in the days of Henry I. In the 8th Heniy IF. (llfJ2) here lived William Peverell, whom successively followed Sirs Hugh, Richard, William, Hugh, and Hugh. Sir John Peverell, of Sampford, had issue Thomas, who died without issue, and the estate went by his sister to her husband, Sir Elias Cottel. Tiio arms TAEISII CHUECIIKS (iF SOl'TII DKVON. 39 of IVverell wore in (li\eis df tlif w iuildw.s, accoidiug to Kisclou; no trace is now to be t'uuiul of such. Stokk Ki.k.mixg. This effigy is in the Chaneeh The eaiiy jwssessors of tliis place were the Flemynges, or Kleniings, teni|>. Henry II. From them it passed to the Mohims, the last of wliom, ,Sii' William, by his Avife Beatrix Fitz- Piei"S, had issue EUnor and Mary. Mary married Sir John Meriet, and died >vithout Lssne ; Elinor married Sir John Carew, son of Sir Nicholas Carew and Amisia his wife, sister to Sir John Peverell of Ermington. Iji 25 Edward 1. (1-'J7) these heiresses made partition of their lands, and Elmer's portion passed to her son Nicholas. The Carews also inherited by this alliance Ottoy Pleming in Lujipitt, afterwards and still known as Ottery Mohun. The costTime of the figure is similar to that used at the close of the thirteenth eentur\-, and the attitude is exactly the same as one at Haccombe. Probalily the effigy represents Eleanor Mohun, wife of Sir John Cai-ew, A\ho is buried (as previously presumed) at Luppitt, and tlie effigy destroyed. South Pool. Two effigies are found here. One, a Lady, is under the window in the south transept, and has a])y)arently hitherto escaped the notice of antiquaries. Anno 1340 (I'.t Edward III.), Sir Thomas de (Jourtenay was lord of South Poith from Avhom it came to Peverel and Hungeiford. Su' Thomas was son of Hugh (second of that name) Earl of Devon; he married Muriel de ]\Iules, his cousin, daughter of John de Mides and Margaret Courtenay, his father's sister. The costume of this effigv is a,bout the date before given ; is this Muriel de Courtenay, oi- does she lie at King's Carswell ; or is the lady at King's Carswell [Nluilel de Diiiliam, the daughter ? The other effigy^ on the Easter Sepulchre in the Chancel is to the L 40 THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE memory of Thomas Briant, formerly Rector of South Pool and Ptjrtle- moiith. In the spandrils of tlie canoiay are the letters " C3S," and on the frieze this inscription : — " Ipic larft Una Comas 9Sriat quoO. rcrtor. i^ut. rrrlfs. ft Li^ortflnn.' Tamerton Foliot. These fine effigies are now found at the end of the north aisle, their original position was under the first arch of tlie nave, afljoining the Chancel on the north side. They are in comparatively excellent preservation, the angels with their quaint head-dresses and constrained postures being very perfect. On the knight's sureoat may be seen the device of the Gorges, three gorges, or whirlpools, one within the other, which identifies him with that fiimily who (temp. Henry III.) maiTied the lieii'ess of Foliot of Warleigli, and so inherited the manor of Tamertoii. After conthiuing for six descents in the Gorges, it passed by successive female heirs to Bonville, Coplestone, and liadclifte. On a large genea- logical shield displayed on the adjoining monument of John Coplestone, (ob. 1()08) the arms of Bonville and Gorges are tpiartered. Tradition in the ])arish assigns these figures t(t be Sir Ralph de Gorges and Ellen lils wife, daughter of Itobert Foliot of Warleigli, tenqi. Henry III.; (lie costume iiidicates a later date, ju-obalily Thomas or WiUiam de (Gorges, his grandsons, who flourished anno 1;) Edward Iff., 1346. TOWNSTAL. This efligy, a Civilian, is in the south traiisept. There is no record to give a clue to his identity. I'AEIf^H ( lirUCUKS OF SOUTH DKYON. 41 Ufih)N I'vm:. This c'tligs' occurs in the soiitli aisle of llic nave. It is laid on u raised tomb, ami ovtT the iaiioi)y is tliis fnigment of the original inscrip- tion. — "(Prate pro Ma QCtimtit Lartirr, m." Below iu"e f'Ui- shields thus charged — 1. T/ircc i>ili's in chief- — (Larder.) 2. Larder, napa/ntij Burrij (^ ) <>/' ,v/.r. o. Ijarder, imp. n e/ierron. 4. Larder, imp. tn-n Ixtrn. The ])eciiliarities of this figure point to the end of the fifteenth, or early in the sixteenth century, and in all probability it represents Edmund Larder, Esq., whose feofl'ees of estate after liis decease presented Peter Mainwaring to the benefice of Upton Pyne 1521. William Larder, father of the foregoing, married a daughter of Pyne of Upton Pyne, AilJMiiiing the tomb of Edmund Larder is another to a later member of this family, Ilnnqihrry Larder, 1.38S, and Margaret his wife, 1(504. WimvonriTY. This efligy is situate in the north transept, and represents a Knight; on the shield are these arms — Tliree Uoii.-t rampant, hettreen si.r ouss crosslets. Sir "William Prouz of Gidleigh married Alice, otherwise Emma, daughter and heiress of Sir Hugh de Widworthy of Widworthy, by whom he had four sons. To one of these, Hugh, he gave Stapleton, Widworthy, and Gatcombe in (_'olyton. It is very probable this effigy represents Sir Hugli de Prouz, or one of his succe,ssoi-s, as Widworthy remained for several descents in this name until the heire.ss of the family brought it to Wotton. The arms on the shield, though differing from the usual coat assigned to Prouz, by the additinn of the eros.-:lcfs, are substantially tlie .same as given by vSii' W. Pole for " P]-ouz of \\' id worthy." The cros.s/ets were added for difference, doubtle.ss, to the parent coat. The arms of Chudleigh, (afterwards cJiecronels. 5. On a cherron three roses, in eliief a rest (Gdbert or More I). G. Tliree roses, in chief a cod:. 7. Tiv<> keys in saltire, reversed. 8. ^1 saltire charged tritli a hjzen(;2), had issue Cliaiiioiid ami (U-.irr. (Iiaiiioiid (oh. I('.S'.I) luari'ifd Honour' had issue Piichard, James, ('luunond, and olJicrs. Itii-liard (oh. l72o) married Mary? hiul issue Iticliai'il, ( Icitiudt.', Mar\- (wlio is conmiemorateil in the inscrij)ti\>. 1G30) man-ied Itichard Prust, 159t'). Wlici'e they were resident in tiic pari«h does not appear. CATHEDRAL CUUECH OF S. PETER. 43 APPENDIX, The preceding pages aro, in conformity to the object specially intended, devoted to a Description and History of the Ancient Sepulchral Effigien found in the Pdrixh Cliiirclw>: <,/ Soui/i Devon. Of course, in such an arrangement, a notice of the numerous oxainplos of this striking form of monumental memorial found in our venerable and noble Cathedral could find no place ; indeed, a volume itself would be none too small to be devoted to a complete description of them with corresponding engravings. Happily such an uudertakinc is not needed, as they have nearly all been amply described and illustrated at various times by Britton, Lj'sons, and others, and, more recently, in valuable contributions to the Tramactions of the Diocesan Architectural Society; but it has been thought desirable to include a short notice of them here. Their number amounts to fifteen ; of these, seven are Bishops, who liave presided over this important diocese, five Knights, one Lady, and two Funereal Figures of death. EiTiGY OF Bishop Bartholomew, obiit 118-4, on the south side of the Lady Chajiel : In poniificalihus, he wears an acutely pointed small mitre, and is habited in chasuble, dal- matic, stole, and alb. Tlie beard is cut short, his right hand is raised in benediction, his left holds tlie pastoral staff, which has a plain convolute at the top, and from the arm is suspended the luaniple. The feet rest on a cui'iously shaped animal with one head and two bodies. The material employed is Piu-- beck marble, and over the figure is a sliarply pointed arch supported ou pillars with Early capitals ; in the spandrils are angels swinging thuribulre. The figiu-e is cut on a liliu^- tlie bl--hn|i. ( )\-er are the arms of Stapledon : tin/ent, tiro bends will//, siib/e ; ii bordure azure, double keijed, or. There i.s a long inscription on that portion of the nionninent lacing the noilli choir aisle, written by .loliii Hooker, t lianiberlain of Exeter in 15.31. The bishoi) is said to have liiM n innnlei'eil in L!2ii. (1 'olw In !e.' CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF S. PETER. 15 Effigy ok Bishop Kiim\ xu Staikouh, obiit 3 Septombor, 1119, on (lie mirtli-wost side of tlie Ijudy ('liupel, on a ricli tomb almost exactly similar to Itisliop Tironcscombo's. In pontlficabihtx, with JHwelled mitro and embroidered vistiiiinits. The liaiids are joiiiod in prayer, and tlio feet rest on a lion. This beautiful effigy is of alabaster an, with groat character in the features, which are, probably, a jjortrait. Over the head is a rich canopy. Various shields occur on th.> tomb nndor, but the bearings are almost wholly' obliterated; a- mongst them may bo recogni/.od the arms of Stafford. Around the edge ol' the tomb is tliis inscrijition : "Ifeic jncct c'^tiiiumtiui tir Slatfovti. iiUumulr.tus ©iionliam profuntJus Icgum tiodot vcptilatus Fcrljis farutitms coniilum tie stivpc rrcntns iFdii ti. munljus pntcr Ijujus pontiCratus. 5oli Deo fjonot ct gloria Dcu atioua omi 'bit omi Ijoia Dcu Liutia ac tmplora. iflcniEnto finis. Efi-'Ioy 01" IJisiioi' Hi'GK Oloham, obiit 1519, in 8. Saviour's C'hantry, south choir aisle : In pontificulibm, with ji^welled mitro, and richly embroidered vestments ; in his hand is the pastor.il staff; the whole figui'e fully il- luminated in color and gilding-, which has been recently restored. On the frieze (jf the tomb is this inscription : "|tjic jarrt ILhtga Oltiljam, lips qi objit. xx\\ tii'c Suiiii ano Dui inilla cccfc litcuj aic ppt Dcub." Over are the prelate's arms : sMr, u. chcvi-on or, hetween three owh pi'-p/r, on a cliiij' of the second, three roaex gulcx. Ju the corner of this handsome Chantry over the Altar is the uni(|ue allusive rebus of the bishop, an owl with ■wings displayed, haviuT; in liis beak a label inscribed with the .syllable '• jiam." Effigy of a Ckusadeu, in south choir aisle, supposed of the Ralegh family : about A.i). 1320. Cross-legged, at half-turn, in hauberk and coif of ring mail, genouillers and eoudieries of plate, long siireoat, .shield on left arm slung from a guige, right hand grasping his sword, head on helmet, feet on a lion, and angels at the shoulders. Effigy of a Cuus.ujer, in south choir aisle sujiposed of Humiihrey de Bohun, obiit 16 March, 1321 : Exactly similar in attitude, costunie, and position to the preceding. This figure has the remains of polychrome decoration ajjparent on it, a diamond-shaped ornament is visible on the belt, and the mail was pourtrayed by similar means. There are no angels at the shoulders of tliis effigy. Effigy of a Crusader, in the north choir aisle, said to represent Sir Richard Staplo- don, brother to Bishop "Walter StapledSend8 forth a voice, and teems with spirits still ; What though no more they t«ach, with valour burn, The sage and warrini' speak fioiu out (lie urn. And each lone wreck that moss and ivies bind, Points to briglit days, and speaks of God-like mind." PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 45 Positions. — Us\uilly on tombs in the walls of the eclLfice and resting ■with great probability over the ashes of those they were intended to portray ; persons wlin in life wei'e possessed of considerable influence or social position, in or connected with the parish ; the priest or patron of the benefice, lord of the manor, or large landholder, or celebrated for military prowess or civil renown. Occiisionally they bear impress of commemorating the last resting place of the Foundere or Builders of that portion of the fabric in which they occur, evidenced by the imity of design and agreement of architectiural style and details neai', and where the tomb seems to be an integral part of the structm-e, and apparently forming a portion of the design of the buOdmg at the time of its erection. Examples of such coincidence may be seen in the tomb of the judge in the Decorated transept at West Downe with its piscina, and, doubtless, antiently accompanying altar ; ;it Sheviock where the knight and his lady occupy a similar position ; at Ash water where the well defined characteris- tics of the late Perpendicidar mark the tomb and aisle in which it is found, and exhibit evidence of the same era and probably design ; again at Bideford, where the inscription denotes him to have been the patron of the benefice ; and at Bundleigh. But some of the effigies have been moved from their original positions. The crusader at Georgeham scarcely occupies his antient place, lying where he does at present, under the first arch of the nave, west of the Chancel. A glance aroimd this Church seems to assure tliis, especially when a long alabaster panel on which Ls scidptured the Crucifixion with attendant figiu-es, and which has the appeai-ance of having formed the central portion of the antient reredos, finds no better place for preser- vation than the outside of the wall of the north aisle. The knight and lady at Wear-Giffard were probably oiiginally together ; at Landkey, of the efiigies exhumed, one may have occupied the low arch on the north side of the Chancel ; at Broadwood-Widger, the mutdated knight formerly reclined on his tomb, which had its station beneath the second arch in the south aisle of the Chancel, but recently removed to a position in the east wall of the same aisle. At Atherington, the three effigies assume the office of cenotaphs only, 46 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE having been brouglit from the antient domestic Chapel at Umberleigh, eai'ly in the present century. The tomb at Bideford is the only specimen foiuid wholly detached from the walls of the edifice in the district ; at Hoi-wood, the figure was, perhaps, originally laid in the recess under the north-east window of the aisle. At Dimster (Somei'set), the effigies of the knight and lady occupy the Fovmders' place, in an opening at the extreme north-east end of the choir of the Priory portion of the Church, leading to the chantry adjoining. The effigy of the lady on the opposite side occupies an eqviaUy dis- tinguished position. Condition. — Tolerably well preserved on the whole, better perhaps than those found in South Devon. The mUder and usual form of mutilation, loss of the hands and feet ot the effigy, and disappearance of the angels at the shoulders, and animals supporting the feet is frequent ; but the grosser barbarities that occasionally attend the fate of these figures is happily not so rife, with the exception of the knight at Broad wood- Widger, of whom the upper part of the effigy only remains, and the mutilated effigy at Atherington ; but here, time, and the crumbling nature frequently seen exhibited by the seemingly hard material employed, Purbeck marble, appear to liave materially aided the work of destruction. The fine cnisader at Iddesleigh is in excellent preservation, due perhaps to the fact of his having been literally "cup-boarded" behind the friendly shelter of the old high seats ; also the effigies found at Wear Gifiard, Aldington and Bideford, although in the usually ex]iosed situations; and again at Landkey, but here one figure had been walled in, and the two others buried probably for centuries beneath the Hour, ail tln-ee having been discovered dm-ing the recent restoration of the Church. The knight at Dunster, Somerset, is mutilated as high as tlie legs extend. " Shattered witli age, and furrowed o'er with yoars, Worn on tlie edi;e of days, the brass consumes. The husto moulders, and the deep cut niarlile Gives up its charge." — Blair. PAEISn CHUECnES OF NORTH DEVON. 47 Attempted Restoration. — Fortunately Ijut in few instances has this well meant, but resolutely to be deprecated propensity been attempted, and only in small degree. Several of the effigies have been scraped and cleaned of the accumulated dirt of ages, and coatings of whitewash spread over them by antient decoratoi-s, and this desirable process seems to have been carefully and circiunspectly done, and no attempt afterwards made to destroy the original lines and contour of the figure by tooling the surface. Others agam appear in all their olden neglected state, waiting for some judicious and friendly hand, to reheve them from the indignity of lime- wash, green mould, and dirt, that covers them, disfiguring then- fair proportions, and hiding all the cunning of the sculptors' art. Colours. — Many of the efiigies were originally painted and gilded, traces of which ai-e still found on them. At Landkey the crusader had his mail painted on the stone, not incised, and the surcoat was tinted blue ; of the lady in the transept the cushion was red, and there is a painted representation of the Crucifixion on the wall at the back of the arch over the figiu-e, and the gown and mantle of the other lady were red. Traces of red and black are foimd on the judge at West Downe, and the same colours occur on the barbe and gown of the lady at Shebbear. At Tawstock the robe was apparently blue ; at Sheviocke a profusion of gilding is employed, the whole of the plate armour of the knight, and the elaborate head-dress and ornaments on the breast of the lady being so distinguished, the cote-hardie was green and the gown black. Curiously enough the other knight in the north aisle, who seems to be in every particular an exact replica of the knight m the transept, has not a single trace of gilding or colour on it, and apparently never had any. Tlie effigies in alabaster (as was usual when this costly material was employed) appear to have had no further ornament but gUding. The enrichments of Lord Hungerford's araiour were gUded. Traces of colour are discoverable under the lime-wash that covers the Duchess of York's effigy in Westminster Abbey. Effigy with Children. — A remarkable example, evidently of children. 48 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE appearing with these eaiiy effigies, occurs at Horwood. Three are found — two boys on the right side, and a gii4 on the left — -enfolded close to the figure by the mantle. Angels at the head and feet. — -These beautifully conceived attendant symbols occur in nine mstances at the heads of the effigies in the two earlier di\usions, after which tiaie, or about the beginning of the fifteenth centiury, they were discontinued. They are found in the usual kneeling or half recumbent posture, with arms outstretciied, supporting the head and shoidder of the figure. " Blessed angels, That watch and duly ward, And all for love, and nothing for reward." — Spencer. At Landkey they carry labels, and at Wear-Giffard with one hand they hold up the winding sheet or covering of the bier on which the body reclines ; with this figure also a third angel is found, sittmg at its feet. Animcds at the feet. — Each effigy, except in two instances, Horwood and Plymouth, has an animal at its feet, and in five examples there are two. Lions (there are two at Georgeham) are found at the feet of the knights, except at Bideford, where they are supported by two half dogs conjoined, a change of animal only seen in these later effigies. Dogs, with three exceptions, appear at the feet of the priests and women. There are two with the lady at Wear Giffard ; also at Sheviocke, where they wear collars tvith beUs, and are intended to represent different breeds, pug and spaiiiel Apparently. At Arlington there is a dog, and what appears to be an angel ; at Landkey one of the ladies has the remains of a scaly nondescrii^t animal with formidable claws; and the lady at Sherwill a lion. At Callington there is a lion, and in addition there are two monks or wcejiers Ix'hind the lion, one supporting each foot. They are se.ited, with one hand C'lvcring the face, the other holding a thuri])]e. The figure at I*lymouth has his feet placed on square supports ; at the feet of the lady at Horwood is a shield ; at Salisl)ury tlie feet of Loi'd Hungerford rest on a dog, with a ricli collar and ;i JunL:' i'd knotted and brought up beside the figure. PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 49 Materials employed. — A white ur reddish sandstone or freestone is the ordinary material. At Horwood it is ahibaster. The ci'usader at Athering- ton, and the civilian at Plymouth are of Purbeck mai'ble ; at West Downe and Tawstock oak is used. The effigies at Dunster are of alabaster. Purbeck marble was usually employed for the earliest effigies, where the figure was in alto relievo only, and sculptured out of the same slab that fonned the coffin shaped stone or lid on which it reposed. The crusader at Atherington occurs thus, and of this material ; so also are the three early bishops in the Cathedral assigned to Bartholomew (ob. 1184), Marshal (ob. 1206), and De Apidia {ob. 1224), and the effigies at Townstal and Plymouth. This dark hard material, which was also much in request otherwise for the shafting of pillars, &c., during the Eai'ly English, and Early Decorated periods, does not appear to have been vised for the production of effigies after the first quarter of the fourteenth century although lai'ge slabs were afterwards employed for the inlaying of memorial brasses both on high tombs and in the pavement, and occasionally much later, for the fabrication of the high tombs themselves, as at Bampton, A period immediately succeeding Purbeck may be assigned to the effigies in oak, at West Dowoie and Tawstock ; and exceedingly well, considering the pecuhar dangers to wliich wood is exposed, have these figures endured, but the timber was evidently of much fijier and more matured growth, than any obtainable now. From the first quarter of the fomteenth, to the middle of the sixteenth century, effigies were commonly formed of a reddish, or white, sand or freestone, sometimes resembling the quahty of stone occiorring near, and at others of a character more like that found at Beer, or Ham HUl, Somerset. The beautiful material alabaster was sparingly employed, and usually reserved for the effigies of persons of considerable local position, and does not appear imtd the first quarter of the fifteenth century, cotemporary with the age of complete plate armour. Effigies at Dunster, Horwood, Modbury, Haccombe, Callington, Salisbiu-y, and BLshop Stafford (ob. 1419) in the Cathedral, ai'e of alabaster, Ijut no example appears in the series among the antient effigies presiunably later than the end of the fifteenth century, or ver}^ early in the sixteenth ; the latest being Lord Willough])y de Broke, at Callington, ob. 1501. 50 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Classification. — A corresponding order of four divisions cr eras is observed as in the description of the South Devon effigies, and the investigation extends over the same period of time, viz., a.d. 1250 — 1550. Number. — There are twenty-three imposed or sculptured stone effigies in North Devon ; of these five are cross-legged figures, foiu- armed knights, one judge, one priest, one civdian, and eleven women. Total of Effigies in the County. — As far as can be ascei-tained the total nimiber of these figiures at present existing in the parish Churches of the coimty, inclusive of mutilated portions and the two slirouded figures of death at Paignton and Feniton, is seventy-nine ; fourteen cross-legged figiu-es, twenty armed knights, five priests, one judge, four civilians, thirty-three females, and two emblematic. Effigies in other Counties. — The four effigies found at Sheviocke and Callington in Cornwall, three at Dunster in Somerset, one at Ebrington in Gloucestershu'e, one in Westminster Abbey, and two in Salisbury Cathedral, have been included from the cuxmnstance of their forming integral portions of the history of several of the antient Devonshire famUies, Mohun, Courtenay, Champernowne, Fortescue, &c., connecting and complet- ing their monumental remains, and supplying links of very great interest when viewed with relation to the effigies representing these names in our own coimty. Inscriptions Remaining. — Two only are found, one on the tomb at Bidefoi-d, whicli may be considered the latest erection of the series ; the other in Westminster Abbey, which is however almost obliterated. " For marble and recording brass decay, And, like the graver's memory, pass away." — Cowper. Heraldry. — No trace of the heraldic blazonry which originally adorned the shields of the cross-legged knights Ls now discernible, but the knight at Atheririgton, of later date, has the device of Champernowne incised ou luH jupon. The siiielde found on liis tomb, and those similarly occurrmg PAEISPI CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 61 at Slicrw ill, ai'e all xnid uf their aiiticiii tincture, oaton away by the ertiicing whitewash, and tiu" same fate accompanies the shield at the feet of the figure at Horwood, aiul at Sheviocke. At Ashwater the shields on the spaiidrils of the arch and in the helmet, fortunately still retain the bearings of Carminow allied with Courtenay, painted in their proper colours. At Bideford the shields display the arms of Granville and his impalement of Gilbert, sculptured in relief; at Callington the arms of Willoughby de Broke, quartering Latimer, Cheney, and Stafford. At Westminster Abbey, Fitz- Walter, Golofre, and Plantagenet, Duke of Yoi'k, impaling Mohun, pamted on the sliields. At Salisbury, Montacute allied with Monthermer. Attitude. — -The early knights cross-legged and grasping their swords and shields in shghtly vai-ying positions. Afterwards the feet are parallel and the hands raised in jirayer. The knight at Bideford holds a heart in liis hands, a frequent occurrence with mediaeval effigies ; tliis knight is also bare-headed, a practice adopted toward the close of the fifteenth century with armed figures. One of the ladies at Landkey holds the cordon of her mantle with one hand ; all the other females have the hands joined in prayer. Division I, a.d. 1250—1310. Crusaders. — Cross-legged, m complete suit of chain-mad, with long siu-- coat over, armed with sword and shield and pryck spurs. All have genouUlers (knee-pieces) either of leather or plate, and the knight at Georgeham roundels at the elbows. Cicilian. — At Plymouth in long gown, with his hair brought down iii a curl or roU on each side the lace. Women,. — In long robe and gown with multitudinous folds, cover-chief on the head depending to the shoulders, and stiff linen gorget round the neck. The hands of sevei'al figures are destroyed, I)ut the lady at Land- key graceftdly holds the cordon of her mantle with one hand, and at r2 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Tawstock she wears a ring on the second finger of the right hand. At Weai'-Giffard and Tawstock the mantle is fastened across the breast with clasps and a double cord. The cover-chief at Tawstock has a serrated ornament on its edge, an rmusiial occurrence. The two beautiful effigies at Wear-Giffai'd and Arlington are dis- tinguLshed by wearmg coronets over the cover-cliief These were narrow circlets of gold, supporting a row of clustered gem ornaments above. At Wear-Giftai-d, the fillet under is studded with alternate ovtd and diamond-shaped settmgs ; above, mounted on short feet, are roses, or stars of six round shaped leaves or pearls, alternatmg with a larger single Wcar-Giflard. Arlington. one. At Arlington the fillet is plain, with a run moulding, and over are stars of six, five globular shaped, and the top one pointed -with facets by the sides, between these are three single petu'ls lengthwise, a large one between two smaller. Division II, a.d. 1,310—1350. Judge. — At West Downe he appeal's with a cassock or gown under, over which Ls a tippet, oy second robe extending to the knees, and turned out over the anus, and a large hood or cowl and lappets. Women. — At Landkey the lady wears a close fitting kirtle or gown, with tight sleeves, above this a linen gorget rising to the ears, where it is met V)y the cover-chief, whi('h is elaborately ammged, and the edges scolloped or indented. Over all is a mantle with clasps, and held to- gether by a double cord and tassels. Division ill, a.d. I .".rjO— 1420. Knif/hts. — In plate and chain annnnr, bascinets, iii])niis, rich baudricks, and with sword, miscricordc, and rowrllcil spurs. PARISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 53 The knight at Atheringtou lias an orlo of roses rouiid his bascinet, also his coat armour is eiublazoued on liis surcoat, and he appears to weai' a covering over his t'aniail ; both surcoat and cainail having a similarly ornamented edging, with the under-lying mail shewn between. Atheringtou. I,.inJkey. The head reclines on a lai'ge tilting helmet of imusual pattern. At Sheviocke the genouillei's ;u'e enriched at the edges, and small roundels occiu- at the elbovi^s. Both knights are moustached and have rich baudi'icks. Both sword and misericorde remain at Atheringtou. At S. Andrew's, Plymouth, the fragment appears to be of this era, and has traces of a camail, and jiipon. Women. — At Sherwill the lady wears a long straight folded gown, fastened with a close set row of small buttons, over which is a mantle tied with a cord and clasps ; the square head-dress is ornamented with a row of roses along its fr(jnt edge. At Atherington she is similarly attired, the ornaments being of a richer description. She wears a reticvdated head- dress, with puffs on each side the face, and round the forehead a fiUet with gems and the letter JH alternating. At Sheviocke, the dress is a Atherington. Shebbcare. cote-hardie, go\vn, and mantle fastened across the chest with five very large rich clasps ; the head-dress is square and most elaborately decorated with bands of jewelled ornaments. At Shebbeare she is habited as a widow, with barbe, cover-chief, plam robe and mantle over. She carries what at first sight appears to be a rosary, but it is evidently intended for a necklace, emblematic of her former position contrasted with her present state of mourning. The quaint barbe with its frillings round the face and under the chin seems to be the progenitor of the modern widow's 54 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE cap. At HoiTvood she wears the mitred or horned head-dress richly embroidered and ornamented, gown and robe over, aroinid her neck is a double necklace A\'ith pendant, and several rings on her fingers. Division' IV, a.d. 1420—1550. Knights. — At Ashwater the effigy is a most interesting example, imique in the county as shewing probably the earliest figm-e clad in the complete transition to plate amiour found therein. He weaivs a salade with the vizor raised, doulile Ijreast-plate, and taces or sku-t of plate below, from which depend single tuilles of large size over the thighs. The sword is belted aniund the waist and worn in fi'ont, and the finger space in the gauntlets is all in one, with gadluigs or steel pro- jections over the knuckles. At Broadwood-Widger he weai's a robe or cloak over his armour, the salade has the vizor raised, the breast plate is pouited and ribbed, and from the taces are hung three small tuilles. At Bideford the armour is of much later date, tlm pauldrons and coudienes are ornamented, and the brassarts and vaiubraces puffed or ribbed. Taces, to which are appended deep lambeaux of overlapping plate, large apron of chain-mail, and broad-toed sabbatons complete his costume, and he is armed with sword and misericorde. The head and liands are bare, and a double chain hangs on the breast. The head of this figure, and that at Ashwater, rests on a tilting III linc't, out (jf which is issuant a small shield, charged with the arms of the recumbent knight. The effigy at Dunster (Somerset) is of early date in this era ; he wears a helmet of bascinet shape, lichly ornamented with an orle of roses rnuiid it, and in front is a. short lal)el with a,n inscription, ])ut illegililc. The armour consists of plate gorget, double breastplate, taces, ^S^ nunsler. PAEISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 65 and two large tuilles. Around the loins is a rich baiidric, ;ind a smaller sword belt depends from the waist. Aromid his neck is the collar of S.S. The inscription on the helmet may probably be " ^fljll JWifrct." These words occur on a label situate exactly at the same place on the noble effigy of John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset (ob. 1444), in Wimborne Minster. The costume, armour, collars and ornaments of these fine figures are very similar to those at Dunster, he has the Gai-ter, and they are also scitlptured in alabaster. At Salisbury Cathedral, Lord Hungei-ford appears in a rich suit of puffed or fluted plate armour, large wing-shaped coudieres, and high mail collar. His hair is polled, and he wears a rich baudric, and the collar of S.S. The male effigy at Morchard Bishop is appareled as a country gentleman, in costiune of long sku-ted doublet or jacket, with loose sleeves and large cuffs of fur. Around his waist is a belt from which hangs the anelace, on his head is a cylindrical hat, his legs are covered with loose hose, and broad-toed shoes on his feet.. At Callington, he appears in full plate armour, with collar and deep skirt of mail, sword, misericorde and spiu-s. The sabbatons are broad-toed, and the hau- ciu'led and brought square across the forehead. He wears the mantle and collar of the order of the Garter with the George suspended. The Garter is buckled romid the left leg, and the badge embroidered on the mantle by the left shoulder. At Ebrington, the judge is clad in long robes and an ermine hood or tippet. Pnest. — At Bundleigh ro1)ed in all), chasuble, and with maniple. Women. — The lady at Ash water wears a large square or horned head- dress, loose outer robe, gown and gu'dle, around her neck is a double necklace and pendant. At Dunster, Somerset, she wears a wide pillow head-dress, cote-hardie, gown, and mantle tied over the breast vnih. cordon and long dependant tassels. At Morchard Bishop she is clad in long gown with close fitting boddice and sleeves, with cuffs. On her head is the pyramidal head-dress, with a cover-chief over. A rich ghdle mth ornaments encu'cles her waist. 56 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE In Westminster Abbey, Philippa Moliun, Duchess of York, wears a barbe and cover-cliief, a long gown wdth loose sleeves and fur cuffs, over all a robe, also lined ^\'itll fur, pi'obably ennine. Tombs on lohich they recline. — The cross legged figures and contemporary effigies of females are generally on low benches, without ornament below, and beneath flattened obtuse arches, without mouldmgs. Two of the knights, one at Atherington and the other at Landkey, are on coffin-shaped stones. The lady at Dunster is on a low bench, above her rises an ogee arch with a rich finial. Over the effigy at West Downe there is a ffiiely moulded ai'ch with the ball-flower ornament studdmg the soffit. At Sherwill, Atherington, Sheviocke, and Dimster, the figures rechne on high tombs, below are panels and shields, usually four in number. At Bundleigh the priest is on a high tomb, below are five quatre-foil panels, above is a depressed ai'ch snrmounted l^y five pierced traceried panels and cornice over. At Sheviocke there is a groined canopy over two of the figiu-es, extending across the entire width of the transept. At Broadwood-Widger the knight is on a liigh tomb, below are six niches with figures holding emblems. At Ashwater there is a cusped canopy, with traceried spandrils, and string course of vine foHage, above, a cornice of quatre-foils. At Bideford there are panels and shields liolow ; above, an nrch with scjuare canopy. This appears to be the only tomb in the division detached from the walls of the Chiu-ch. In Westminster Abbey there are panels and shields below, and originally over, there was a rich wooflen canopy, divided into thi-ee highly ornamented compartments, paneled and crocketted, with pinnacles rising between ; within it was painted blue, powdered with gold stars, and in the centre a representation of the Crucifi.xion. This has now altogether disappeared, but seems to have remained until alunit the midde of the last century. A.I loorks of art. — Tiie knight at Iddesleigh is a very fine effigy, the contour rif tlie figure well ]iro|)orf ioned, nnd the texture ;i,nd dis- position of Ins Mi;iil li;iiiiierl; inosL caii'l'iilly ;ind iieeuiately shewn. The Icidies found ;it Ailington, Wear Giflard, and Landkey, are most PAEISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 57 beautiful, the anungement (if the folds of the robe wonderfully graceful and true, shewnig the sculptoi'S must have been uitists ot no common order, and who, notwithstanding they had to ct)iiteiid with the stiff and ugly gorget, stUl contrived to preserve a wonderful amount of grace and repose. This is the best ex'a of monumental sculpture, the simplicity of costume gave the utmost freedom as to the arrangement of the di-aperies, and scarcely anything can surpass the grace and accuracy with wliich they lu-e represented. Subsequently on the introduction of a stiffer and more elaborate costume, great declension, sameness, and mannerism, is (jbservable, which gradually increased up to the time when Pointed Arcliitectiu-e went out. The Illustrations. — The drawings are finished from sketches taken on the spot, and details of costume given carefully as possible. It is feared they ai-e not so artistic as may be, and the only apology to be offered is, that the best has been done under the circumstances. The beautiful early female effigies at Arluigton, Wear Giffard, and elsewhere, would require the taste and feeling of a Stothard to give a true idea of their great excellence. Effigies destroyed. Courtenay, &c. — In the former paper on the effigies in South Devon, it was stated that an effigy had disappeared, or was not discernible at Paignton when the church was visited. It has been found however that the figure, a memento nwri, almost exactly similar to that at Feniton, was hidden away behmd the seats, and so escaped notice. It is situate under a low arch in the wall of the north aisle, and may be referred to the latter half of the fifteenth century. In Tavistock church there is an ogee arch, moidded, cusped, and with roses on the bosses at the points, in the wall of the north aisle. The deep recess behind seems intended for the reception of aii effigy, but nothing of the kmd remains. This also dates about the close of the fifteenth centmy, and is probably the tomb of an ecclesiastic. During the restoration of South Brent Church a few years since, it was noticed in the columns of a county newspaper, that there was 58 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE discovered, built into the recesses of the sediha and piscina, some very fine fragments of a hfe sized recmnbent effigy and high tomb, of the fifteenth century, with the original coloiu-s red, green, and gilding on them. Cleveland, quoting from Camden, describes a stately moniunent in the fonn of a pyramid on which was engraved an effigy in armour, as having been erected in the Abbey Church of Ford, to the memory of " Kobert Loi-d Covu-tenay (ob. 1242) who married Mary, youngest daughter of Wilham de Redvers Earl of Devonshire." On it was tliis inscription : — '^ Hie jacet ingenui de Courteney yleba Robert i, Militis egregii inrtuturti laude referti, Quern genuit strenmis Reglnaldus Courteniensis, Qui procer eximus fuerat tunc Devoniensis.'" This was prol^ably a coped tomb with the figure in bas-relief on the cover, similar to those existing to the early Bishops in Exeter Cathedral, but epitaphs were rarely used at that date, and the rhyming consti'uction of the inscription points, to full two centuries later. The arms of Courtenay quartering De Redvers (the most cherished alliance of this noble fixmily), the hoar and clolpkiii of Coiu'tenay, and the swan of Bohun. are fotmd among the sculptured armories that adorn Abbot Chard's magnificent facade at Ford, but not Duly are the monuments of the Corutenays gone, the Abbey Cluu-ch itself has long since disappeared, and its very site even is at present a matter of conjecture. "We turn to dust, and ;ill our mightiest works Die too : the deep foundations tliat we lay Time ploughs them up, and not a trace remains. We build with wliat we deem eternal rock ; A distant age asks where the fabric stood ; And in the dust sifted and searched in vain The Tuidiscoverable secret sleeps." — Cowper. The fine nionnnient erected to Edward Courtenay Earl of Devon (second of that name) and his Coimtess, in Tiveiton Church, was destioyed toward the close of the sixteenth century. Risdon, who coinpiled his Surcey 1605-30, says : "lii tlio clmrcliyaid is a Chapel built by the Earls of this county, ami .iiiiiro printed for their burials (now demolished), where there is a toml), under which l*]atin inscription is as follows : — " Ecce, Quod expencli habui. Quod donavl habeo. Quod 7Legavi punior. Quod scrvari perdidi." and the English translation when divested of its contractions runs thus : — ^^ Lo, All that ever I spent, that sometime had 1, All that 1 have in good intent, that now have I, That I never gave nor lent, that noiv ahy I, That I kept 'till I lueni, thai lost 7." The same Latin inscription occurs at Pightlesthorne in Buckinghamshire." (Boutell.) Another version of this quaint inscription is (or was) to be found in the hall of the manor house of Mapertou, near Beaminster, an old mansion now much modernized, liuilt by the Morgans, an ancient family originally from Morganhayes, Southleigh, Devon, and afterwards settled at Maperton, where they were succeeded l)y Broadrep, temp. James L, who married one of their last heiresses. '•'Robert Morgan ami Mni-ij his wife built this house, III their own life time, at their own charge and co-it. What they spent, that they lent. What they gave, that they have, What they left, that they lost." There were formerly in the old parlnur ;inil li.ill, a great number oi' the arms, impalements, and (piarterings of I lie Morgans, oai-ved on wood or stone, or painttd on glass in tho windows, but now icniovod or ])aintcd over. No date imt probnblv bnill In (^liict'ii l'-li/.:iliclirs j-eign. (lln(i-hins) In addition to the before named elligies formerly existing in Tiverton CliMi'ch, Clevel;uid spenks of ;inothor erected there to the Princess Katharine, rAEI8n CIIUECHE3 OF NOETH DEVON. 61 wife of William C'nuiti'nay Kill nf Devon, who died at Greenwich in 1311, and whose remains were ]n-onii,-ht with much state to old St. Panl's Cathedral, and Inn-ied on the south side of tlie liin'h altar. she died at Tiverton Castle in 1527, and the fun(>ral ol)se([uies of tliis royal pei-sonage, who describes herself, as " Filla, Sorur ct Amita Regum," were conducted with great manfnificence in Tiverton Church, " To which noble lady, the Marquis of Exeter, her son, caused a chapel to be erected, and within it her tomb with her effigies upon it, by the side of the high altar of that Church." (Cleveland.) It is for a daughter of this noble pair, whose name has not been recovered, that the effigy and tomb at Colyton was erected. DiXHAM. Kings-Carswell and Woodhurtj. — This very antient family, the earliest member of which, Ohver de Dinant or Dinham, according to Pole, " came into this realm out of Brittany, where his castle of Dinant standeth, in assistance of William the Conqueror," have but few memorials in the coimty. The head of the Crusader in the Museum at Exeter, subsequently noticed, presumably represents his descendant Oliver de Dinham, sum- moned as a baron to Parliament by Edward tlie III, in 1296. Joceline, his son, married Margaret daughter and heir of Sir Richai'd Hidon of Clay-Hidon, by which alliance the castle of Hemiock passed to the Dinhams. His son. Sir John, married Joan daughter of Sir Guy de Brian, and it must have been about this time that Sir Thomas Beaumont of Yolston, married Philippa daughter of Sir John Dinham. The Dinhams inherited the manor of Ilsington from the Beaumonts, and the effigy in Ilsington Church is said traditionally to represent one of them. Sir John Dinham, his son, married Mm-iel, one of the daughters and heirs of Sir Thomas Courtenay (ob. 13.57) of South Pool, fourth son of Hugh Earl of Devon and Agnes St. John, by his wife Mvu-iel daughter of John de Mules. About this time a Sir John Dinham, Knight, married Matilda widow of Peter de la Mare, and daughter of John Matravers of Hooke, Dorset (ob. 1386). She died without is.sue 1410. Elizabeth her younger sister was to have been married to John Lovel when the King 62 SEPIJLCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE (Richard II.) should think fit, but she afterwards became the wife i)f Humphry Stafford, son of Sir Humphry Stafford, Knight, who married Elizabeth her mother ; her grandson was the luifortunate Himipliry Staf- ford, Earl of Devon. (Hutcliins.) The effigies in Kmgs-Carswell Church Iiave been assigned to represent On Dinham Tomb. — Kings-Carswell. this Su' John Dinliam and Muriel Courtenay his wife. But there is a difficulty of identification, by reason of the arms on the tomb. Ths knight has the arms of Dinham on his surcoat, and they appear again below, but the impalement is not Courtenay, but fretty. The arms of Matravers of Hooke are, sahlc, a fret or. There are no arms on the tomb supporting the other female effigy ; but the tonil) of the Knight and Lady has been removed from its oiiginal position, which was in the transept on the opposite side, where the reredos (originally behind the figures) stiU remains, and it is probable the tomb with the female effigy has been moved also, and it may be, that the effigies themselves were confused in the transit, and now occu])y the wrong tombs. Tlie surmise may be hazarded, that these three effigies represent Sir John Dinham and his presumed two wives ; there are, however, great difficulties in tracing the alliance between Dinham and Matravers, but which appeai-s to have certainly existed. Their son, Sir Jolni Diiiliaiii, married Elizabeth, daughter of .bilm Lord Lovell. Query — was this the .lulin Luvcll who was intended to lie the husVjand of Elizabetli Matravers, sister of Matilda, I ho presumed second wife of Sir .I. ll.iS,) win, uiarilcd ,l,uic daugh- PARISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 63 tor ami lu'ii- of Sir Kichard Arches. They hud live children, a son and four (laughtei-s. Sir John Dijiliani, the son, was a distinguished seaman in the wars of the Roses ; he was summoned to Parhament by writ as a Baron in 14G5, created Baron Dinham by King Henry VII. in 1485, and made Lord Higli Treasurer. He married Ehzabeth, widow of Sir John Ratchti'e, daughter and lieir of Lord Fitzwaltcr, and was of Nutwell Woodbiuy, where many of his ancestors, according to Pole, resided Ijefore him, and where also " he bwilded a fayre house and dwelled therein." He had one son Henry, who died without issue. A long account of this nobleman is found in Prince, and he appears to have died in 1502, and was buried in the Grey Friar's Church, Smithfield, London. At the death of Lord Durham, his large inheritance passed to his four sistei-s. Of these, Joan, married Lord Zouch ; Katharine, Sir Thomas Arundell ; and Ehzabeth, Fulk Bourchier Lord Fitzwarren, from whom descended the Earls of Bath. She is buried with her husband in Bamptijn Chui'ch, and in the east window of the north aisle, among a lot of old painted glass (now placed together promiscuously, but which well deserves to be pro|ierly arranged,) and which, probably, originally occupied the Cbancel window, Is an impalement displaying the arms of De Arches, In reference to her mother. The other sister married Nicholas Carew of Ottery-Mohun, Baron Carew of MuUesford. He was the son of Sir Thomas <^^arew and Joan Carmuiow of Ashwater, which Sh Thomas was the disinherited son of his mother Joan Courtenay (the daughter of Sir Hugh Com^tenay of Haccombe, and Phlllppa Arcedeckne,) by her husband Nicholas Carew. Nicholas, Baron Carew, and his wife, Margaret Dmham were bui'Ied in the Chapel of St. Nicholas, in Westminster Abbey. " To whose memory," says Prince, " an antient yAahi tomb of grey marble Is there still seen erected witli an inscription in brass round the ledge, and some coats of arms on the pedestal. The epitaph here foUows : " Orate pro (iniiiiahus Nlcholai Baronis quondam de Carew et Domince Marjaritce uxoris ejus filice Johannis Domini. Dlaham, niilltis ; qui quidem Nicholaws obiit sexto die mensis Decemhris anno dam. 1470. Et praidicta Domina Marf/areta obiit 13 die menais Decembria, anno 1470." 64 SEPULCHEAIi EFFIGIES IN THE A recent inspection of this tomb confirms the above description, except tliat the inscription and arms are gone, they were remaining m 1733. " At Woodbiuy " says Dr. OUver, " in front of the commnnion rails is an antient giuvestone, bnt the greater j^art of the inscri2:)tion is Avorn aAvay. All that we coidd satisfactorily recover is : — "—ft eii^abrtl) Cam que obttt ]ru titc Sianliartt ao. tini. inrffflput ^nljis Dmljani quarum atbus propttictur iDrus. I^mfn." Another and minor descent of Duiham resided at Wortham in Broad- wood- Widger by the mai'riage of Otes or Otho Duiham, witli Agnes dangliter and heiress of William Wortham. In the Chui'ch is a flat stone to the memory of John Dinham, ob. 1624. They differenced the parent coat, by the addition of a bordure ermine. An eaiiy branch of the Dinhams was settled at Cardinham in Cornwall. Lysons says, " Robert de Cardinham or Dinham appears to have acquhed the whole of the large estates of Robert Fitzwilliam by marriage with his heu-ess, temp, Richard I. Isolda, the representative (probably the grand-daughter) of Robert Cardinliam, maiTied Thomas de Tracy, who, in the year 1257 was in her right (as we may suppose) one of the greatest landholders in Cornwall. In 1259 his widow, styling herself Isolda de Cardinham, who had been the widow of Thomas de Tracy, conveyed her large estate in that county to Oliver de Dijaham (of Devon)," probably the same Oliver who was buried in Exeter, and the head of whose presumed effigy is in the Museum there. The Rev. W. Jago, in a communication to the Society of Antiquaries, mentions that durmg the progress of some restorations in Cardinham Church, discoveries have been made of long forgotten recesses, stones, &c. The north wall seems to have contained a Founder's tomb, over the arch of it is a little recess or trefoil headed niche. A curious granite slab, perhaps originally in the tomb recess, has been found. It displays a roughly incised cross, and an attempt at, perhaps, a sword ;ind sliield and key(?) upon its suH'acc. Inscriptions occur on the stones in various parts of the building, and from the disconnected words we can only gather that some kind of rMiiiul.itidii was commemorated in llie (,'liurcli (il'l'iirdyn- hani, which was dedicated in Imnour u\ St. Mewbred the Martyr; imd the " pnelibatoi ecclesiw," and the "day St. Faith," "Anno Domini 1200," are TAiaSII CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 65 specially mentioned, as well as some " vestiarian " arrangemenl. In the Churchyard two massive granite crosses have been erected, l)oth found among the stones of the Chancel walls. One of them is adorned with mat-work or Saxon knot devices, and on the iT|)per paii. of the shaft is a panel containing two crosses. BoNViLLE. Shute, Stockkmd, and Powderlmm. — To this noble and most influential Devonshire family, no distinct antient memorial exists, either by effigy or tomb, to attest their olden importance, only shields on the capitals of pillars at Stockland and Powderham Ch\arches charged with Courtenay impaling Bonville, six iimUets pierced, 3, 2, 1. The original seat of the Bonvilles was at Wiscombe, Soutlileigh, East Devon. In 1255, Nicholas de Bonville gave a rent charge to the Abbey of Newenliam, ai-ising out of lands at Kilmuigton and Dalwood, called Tuddesheye (Studhayes), for a monk of the house to say a daily mass for the souls cjf himself and his wife Amicia, his ancestors and descend- ants for ever. He died at Wiscombe in 1266, and -was buried before the high altar at Newenham. His grandson, Nicholas, married Matilda daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Pyne of Shute, to which place the Bonvilles removed, and were afterwards styled. His grandson was Sir William Bonville of Shute, Sheiiff of Devon in 1390. He married first, Margaret, daughter of Sir William Damarell of Woodbuiy. " A wealthy and munificent man," remarks Mr. Davidson, "who died in 1407. By his will, among many similar gifts, he bestowed forty poimds on the Abbey of Newenliam, and directed that his bijdy should be buried in the choir of the Abbey Cluu'ch, and two priests smg masses for the repose of his soul, his father, mother, and other his re- lations for twenty years." This will, which is a remarkable document illustrative l. Ifnrding, "he (Sir William Courtenay) connncnccd the new aisle with PARISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 07 tlie body of tlie CHuuch at Powdei'ham, which was completed by his widow. This is sliewii l)y her will made in July 1487, wherein "she Te i^d^ Powdcrham Church, A.D. 1485. Stockland Church, desires to be buried nigh her late husbande" (ob. 1485) in Powdei-ham Church, " for my husbande and I made there the new ile, and also the body of the Church at oure owen coste and charge, except that I had of the pai-rishe to the help of the said building viiicZ." The jiillars at Powderham exhibit the ai-ms of Courtenay with the label and annulets, supported alternately })y the dolphin and hoar, Coiutenay impaling Bonville supported by the sivan of Bohun, and Courtenay impaling Hungei^ford. Powderham Church, A.D. 1485. Stockland had its claun on the Bonville side of this aUiance; the jaarapet although of much plainer character, being similar to that at Axminster, on which is found the badges of her gi'eat-niece Cicely Bonville, Marchioness of Dorset, who doubtless contributed towards its erection. Thomas Bon- ville, younger brother of Lord William, held the manor of Dalwood, 6th Edwai-d IV., 1467. — (Hutchins.) He was Sheriff of Devon in 1445, and was succeeded by his son John, who dying without issue, the ])ro])erty Gs SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE reverted to the heii-s of his uncle Lord William Bon^dlle. This probably constitutes the relationship between Courtenay-Bonville and Stockland, Dalwood being a dependant chapeliy of Stockland. This illfated man, who, according to Prince, " notwithstanding the honour and personal obligations he had received from King Henry the VI, wfus always found on the side of his enemy the Duke of York," had the misfortune to lose his son William (who married Elizabeth, (ob. 1471,) only child and heiress of William, fifth Lord Harrmgton, ob. 1457), and grandson of the same name (who married Catherine (ob. 1504), daughter of Richard NeviUe, Earl of Salisbury) at the battle of Wakefield, 24th December, 14G0, both being slain in that sanguinary encounter, and of theu- deaths he appeal's to have been an eye witness. His own fate soon followed. At the second battle of St. Albans, 18 February 14G1, "Lord Bonville," says Hume, "to whose care the king (Henry VT) had l>een entnisted by the Yorkists, remained with him after the defeat, on :issurances of pardon given him 1)y Henry, but Margaret, regardless of her husband's promise, immediately ordered the lif^ad of that nobleman to be struck ofi" by the executioner." The ultimate heu-ess of this unfortunate family wa.s Cicely Bonville, only daughter of the last and younge-st William Bonville (Lord Han'ington in richt (if liis iiKjther), h\ his wife Catherine Neville. Slie was a great heiress, and Baroness Bonville and Harrington in her own right. Prol)ably in remembrance of her great grandfather's fidelity to his cause, and partly also to serve his own personal motives, the King Edward IV, apjjears to have " purveyed " a suitable alhance for her, in the jierson of his stepson, Thomas Crey (son of his Queen, Elizabeth Woodville, l)y lier first husband. Sir John Crcy of Groby), to whom she was m.irried in 1475, the King having previously created him Earl of Huntingdon and Marquis of Doi-set. The Manpiis died in 1501 (I4'.i."), I'olc) "and be- queathed his hody to III' liiiiicd in his Colh'ge of Asth'V, Wnrwickshire, lii-tiiii- the image of the IjIcssciI \'iiM-iii in the uiiilst nt' his closet, 'fhey h;id issue seven sons, eiglit (hin^lilns " ( I )iig(l;ilc). ( )f this l;irge ftunily, I'honiiis rother of his Queen at his mansion of Shute in November 1497, conung over from Newenham Abbey, where he stayed nearly a week on his return from Exeter, whither he had gone to quell the rebellion of Perkin Warbeck. At Tiverton Church the tomb and chapel of the Princess-Covmtess has long disajipeared, Ijut her royal escutcheon occupies the place of honoiu" over the porch of Merchant Greenway's splendid foundation. At Ottery, the noble acliievement of the Marchioness is associated with the merchant's mark. Each case shews, with great probability, that the aristocracy both of the soil and (jf commerce, were alike interested, and helped forward the good work. Frances Duchess of SuflTolk (ob. 1563), wife of Henry Grey, (grandson of Cicely Bonville, who was created Duke of Suffolk and beheaded m 1554,) is buried in St. Edmund's Chapel, Westminster Abbey, where, on a high tomb of the same costly material, is her effigy in alabaster, clad in tlie rich costume of the period, and with a lion at her feet ; on one side is this inscription: — "//ere lieth the Laclie Frances, Dvches of SovfhfoWc, dovghter to Charles Brandon Bake of Sovthfulke, and Marie the Frenche Qvene, first ivife to Henrie, Duks. of Sovthfolke and after to Adriaii Stock, Esqvier ;" 0)1 the other side is the following, with which this notice of Bonville and Grey may appropriately conclude. " In clai-iss. Dora. Francisco; Suffolcicv quondam Dncessa; epicedion. NU decus aut splendor, nil regia nornina proaunt Splendicla divitiis, nil jurat anipla domus. Omnia fluxerunt, virtutis sola remansit Gloria, Tartareis non abolenda rogis. Nupta Duci prius est, uxor post Armi{)eri Stokes, Funere nunc valeas consociata Deo." 72 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Carew. — N«) imposed stone effigy exists presumably to this antient family in Devonshire previous to 1550. The vacant sepulclii-al arch in the chancel of Luppit Church probably contained the effigy of Sir John Carew, who mairied Ehnor, daughter of Sir William Mohun, ol Ottery- Mohun in that parish. He died 13th Edward II.— 1320 (Pole). At Haccombe, however, there - _~1 — — -_ . is a veiy fine brass of Nicholas Carew, who was the son of Sir Nicholas Carew, of Mohuns- Ottery, Baron of MuUesford, and Joan, daughter of Sir Hugh Com-tenay, of Hac- combe and Philijjpa le Arce- deckne, whose effigies are in the same Church. He was one of the prefen-ed younger sons of his mother, for an account of which see tlie notice of Ashwater. His elder brother. Sir Tlionias Cai-ew, married Joan Carminow. The figure is lemarkable as illustrating the extravagant martial panoply sometimes affected l)y knights of that era (Division IV). A large salade with the vizor raised, comjjlete armour, moton, enormovis wing-shaped elbow pieces, misericorde, and long sword buckled in front, comprise liis equipment. Tomb in Chancel of Luppit Church — circa 1325. At each corner of tlie stone is a shield charged with the Carew, and on a panel below the figure this inscription : — ":3[nntgrr msigms larrt bir CarcUi Jf3irl)0laus Priitifns fcjiTcjiiis De sttipr nobilr natus >7itain ^rptfinbits piTGrntr rlausit runtio 2\3 i5to inrnsts Dif ticftmo trrrto infitio €D\iiart)i nono rrpi qiiartt lUgts anno J^frnon mtllroimo rrrr que plrno Cn Gfifarjfno nono Uni nifi nato €\\\ Golamfn atf rtto Dft DfuG. SImrn." tu'ms of TAEISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 73 iaintofi mm!$ Drlmur unliilf uouis" 8o atatts fmr 68 Brass of Thomas Carew, Haccnmhe Church, A.D. 1586. armour, with helmet on, and tlie vizor raised, and he holds his sword in front \vith his left hand. The arms of Carew are at the corners of the stone, and tliLs inscription at his feet. "l)ir larrt corpus (Eljomcr Cnrrtnr, :3[imtgfrt qui obiit 2s tiip iFlartii 2° Dm. i5«c. atatts sucr c>^-" Ati adjoining stone with the effigies " is given in Anstis's Register a/' t/ir (,'iirlrr. Mary, the daughter of Sir Robert Wotton, wife first to this Sir Henry Guyldeford, and afterward id" Sir Gawen Carew, of Woode, Knt., Kentisbeare (youngest smi di" Sir Mdinorid Carew, Kni., of Ottery- Mohuii, Liip[>i(), is buiird in Wbyting's aisK; in Kentisbeare Church PAEISH CHURCHES OF NOETH DEVON 79 (ol). 1558), \v1r>it (here is a high toiul) and this ein-ioiis inseriptioii du a brass to her memory : — •• l^fiT Ipftl) buipfti ti)f ILalJP iWarp (Suj)ltiforti, tiaugljtfv of ^ir iRobfit dillcitton of li^rnt, li^npgljt of t\)t aartpr, anD Controler of l*)oUi5fi)oHi to tl)f most uobull anti nutyl)tp l^rinre lOfurp \mt, lAPng of €ng[lanti, JTranrf anti Irrlantj, ^tfrnDer of tl)f ffi'tl), anti immrtiiatflp lucar undfr (SoD of 11)f Cl)urrl)es of Cnglanti anti IrrlanD, siiprrmf l)ftif, anti one of i)ts most bonrrablf Pifb)) CoiinsrU, anH late tl)e fixLiyffp of §^tr cSaluen €arrUi, LAniC![l)t, Uiljo futij'ti ti)pi5 Ipfff ti)f jrtij Gap of September, ano mrrrfrlluij." Adjoining the tomb of Sir Richard Carew in Beddington Church is another with the effigy of Sir Francis Carew, (ob. 1611,) who recovered possession of the estate from Queen Mary. An inscription over his head mentions the circumstance of his adopting Nicholas son of Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, his brother-in-law, to bear his siu-name and to inlierit his estate. Sir Walter Raleigh married a sister of this Sir Nicholas Throckmorton, alias Cai-ew, and after her unfortunate husband lost his hfe on the scaffold, she wrote the following affecting letter to her brother, requesting permission to bury his body among the ancestors of her family at Beddington : — " To my best (brother) Sur Nickolas Carew, at Bedduigton : — " I desiar, good brother, that you will be plessed to let me berri the worthi " bodi of my nobell hosban Sur Walter Ralegh in your Chorche at Beddington, " wher I desiai- to be berred. The lordes have given me his ded boddl, thouo-h " they denied me his life. This nit he shall be brought you with two or tliree " of my men : let me her presently. E. R. God hold me in my wites." (No date). It is scarcely to be supposed that such a request could have been refused ; but what ever was the reason, it appears certain that Sir Walter Ralegh's body was bm-ied, not at Bedduigton, but in the Church of St. Margaret, Westminster, and that his head was carried by his son to West Horsley in SuiTey, and there interred. (Lysons.) CoURTENAY, Ticevton. — In Tiverton Church, the arch divitling the cliancel from the nave is paneled, and high up about the usual position 80 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE of the capital, on eacli side, there is boldly sculptured a representation of an emjh on a bundle of stichs, flanked on either side by the hoars of Courtenay, and below supported by angels is the shield of Courtenay, enciix-led by the Garter. chancel Arch, Tiverton Church. Over the south porch is a sliield, 6aro«, — quai-terly of four, ] and 4, Courtenay, 2 and 3 De Redvers ; -impaling femme, quarterly, 1. France and England quarterly; 2 and 3, a plain cross, Ulster. 4. Mortuner. Crest, an mgle on a bundle of sticks. Supporters, dexter, a man in armour treading on a dragon, probably intended for St. George ; sinister, a female in a lonp- robe. Just over the crest on each side is the double rose, and in the string-course above is the rose en soleil and eagle on the sticks, alternating with John Greenway's monogram and mark. On the porch of Greenway's Almshouses, on one side ai-e the arms of England and France, quarterly, within the Garter, and on the other Courtenay and De Redvers, quarterly, also within the Garter. Above is the eagle on the bundle of sticks. The sliield on the poi'ch is doubtless that of Katharine Courtenay, da,ughter of Edward the IV, and wife of William Courtenay, Earl of Devon, as it clearly accords witli her seal, except the supporters which are here probably emblematic. The rose en soleil, her father's badge, is in tlie coinice, and till- 'luiihle rose, sciilj)turcd of conspicuous size, is close to the crest (allusive to Henry tlie VII, who married her sister). The Princess was a widow at the time Greenway was building his Chajx'l in If) 17 (ihc Earl having died in 1511), and was living in Iut Castle ol" Tiverton close by, aivl donl)t]csK took great inteicst in {\h: work of her neighboiu- the meichant. She died, and was buried in her own Chapel there m 1527; TAEISII CHUECHES OF NOETH DEVON. 81 Greenway followiiig her to the tomb in his, two years afterward. Strange mutation of liiunan circmnstances, the mausoleum of tlio Princess has been utteHy razed and destroyed, the tastefid burial place of the merchant still refhiains, though greatly shorn of its antient splendom- ; and it is upon his tomb, as it were, we look for the only certain memorial remaining of the King's daughter. The device of the Eagle undh' of sticks is exhibited by the Tiverton branch only, and it occupies the place of lionour, as the crest, over the grand escutcheon, presumably of the Princess-Countess Katharine Courtenay on the porch at Tiverton Churcli, again in conjunction with har arms on Greenwayes almshouses, and over theh shield on the frieze f)f Speke's Chapel in the Cathedral. ^ ^W5 wk Courtenay 'J'omb, Colyion. Courfciiay Tomb, Plyniplon. BitJiirjuiKit, Kirl of BiOi.. — /iiiai>t.iii and finninfon. — Affixed to the north and south walls of the Chancel of B:nii|)ton Church are, evidently, the sides and ends of two or more high tomljs, composed of grey marble. rAEiyil CIllECIlKS OF NOliTII DEVON. 85 They are ornamented with I'hihorate tracei'ied panels, having Ln tlieir centres shields, but the brasses tue gone. Between the panels are niches, below is a string com-se of (jiuitrefoils, and above, under the cornice, a course of* quatrefoiLs betiring in the centre lozenges, on which are sculptured tlie imtcr-botKjet and the BuKixhier knot. There is also a shield with the sacred monogram, and on another of smaller size a QT. Dr. Oliver, referring t(j these desecrated tombs, says, " How sucli elab<>rate work came to be placed there not a little perplexed me, but the Venerable Bartholomew Davey, the Vicar, resolved my perplexity by informing nie that it belonged to two monuments of considerable antiquity which stood in the Chancel, and that on tlieir removal about forty years ago, the sides were placed to line the walls. That they covered the remains of Sir John Bourchier, Knt., Lord Fitz- Wan-en, created Earl of Bath, '.tth July, 153G, and of his tiither, is certain. The will of the former bearing date 20th October, 1535, and proved 11th June, 1541, expressly directs his body to Ije buried in the parish Cluu-ch of Bampton, Devon, in the Cluu-ch there where his father lies biu-ied, with his picture, arms, and cognizance, and the day and year engraven and fixed on the same tomb within a year after his decease. One of the skeletons was described to me, as being of gigantic proportions." On Bourchier Tombs, Bampton Cliurch. The cognizances of Bourchier are also found on tlie screen, and on the bosses of the roof of the north aisle. The fonner of the.se two noblemen sepulchred here was Fulk Bourchier, Lord Fitz- Warren. He was the son of William Bourchier and Thomazine Hankford, and grandson of William Bourchier, Earl of Ewe, by his wife Anne Plantagenet, daugbter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester. 86 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE He married Elizabeth, one of the sisters and heii's of John Lord Dinham, and died (>tli Henry TH (1491). The other, liis son John Bourchier, Lord Fitzwarren, was created Earl of Bath by King Henry VHI, at Whitehall, 10th Jnly, 1537, and married Cicely, only sister of Henry Daubeny, Earl of Bridgewater. He left, issue, John, Elizabeth wife of Edward Chichester of Ralegh, and Dorothy wife of Sir John Fulford. He died 31st Henry VHI (1540) (Pole.) Arms of Daubeny, (Jnles, fire fusils i)i Jesse, arrjent. Dugdale, quoting the will of Fulk Bouruhler, shews that his father William Bourchier and motlu'r, Thomazine Hankford, are also buried at Bamjiton — this is likewise confirmed by the initial T on the shield, and therefore it ma}^ be inferred that the portions of tlie tombs found in the Chmxh commemorate the tit fee early generations of Bourchier: — "The first William Bourchier who married Thomazine Hankford, married secondly Catherine, widow of Stukely; she bequeathed her body (146G) to be buried in West Worlington Church, Devon. Fulk, his son, called Lord Fitzwarren, bequeathed his body to be l)\u-iod, if he shoidd die in England, in tlie Chapel of our Lady adjoining the churchyard at Baunton (Bampton), near to the grave of Lady Thomazine his mother, appointing that a, fiir stone of marble, witli an inscription thereon, shoidd be A\ith all speed Liid upon the grave of Loi-d William his fatlicr, another iipnu Lady Thomazine his mother, and a third upon his own grave, .lolni, his son (the first Earl of Bath), also nrdei-ed himself to Ite bui'ied at T^aunton, that a tomb st(jne of marble should be set on his grave, with his por- traiture of brass, his arms, and dviy and year of his death graven there- on" (Bai'onage). Polvvhele, quoting from Rislon, says this inscription was in one of the "windows of Bampton ('Inn eh : — ■' Orate pro aiblnuAnn Ji>hauc!:i)trr of 3foI)n €x\z of JSati):, vV siimtimif COpffi: to (CDUinr^ir €l)rd)r5trr, €5qu))cr, tlK Uil;trl)c ei))>abftl)r DfrrsspO tl)c rji'iitttl) Oap of August, m tlje j>eie of or LorDe *5oti mlijrllmt, apon \iiI)ose soule (SoD l)a\.ie mfp." A ciu'ious fact connected witli this brass is, that it is a palimpsest, and 8S SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE un the otlier side is engraved the head of u knight, moustached, with apparently a bascinet on, and eamail of concentric ring-mail. The costume points to an era at least three centuries and half antecedent to the figure of Lady Chichester incised on tlie other side. Henry Bourcliier (eldest son of Heniy Bourchiei-, Earl of Eu, and Anne Plantagenet, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock) was created Earl of Essex by King Edward IV, and K.G. He was by marriage uncle to that monarch, having wedded Isabel, only sister of Richard Duke of York, his father, slain at York, 14 GO. He died in 1483, and is buried at Little Easton, Suffolk, where there is his brass effigy. He wears the somewhat rare YorkLst collar of xans and ivscs, clasped by the Jiou of March. Thomas Bourchier, third son, was Archbishop of Canterbury. "Thomas Bourchier, or Bourghier," says Dart, (Hist. Catli. C/i. Canterbury, 1720), "in the obituaiy BowTSchyre, and in the IILst. J^yiciisis, Bowcer, son of William, Earl of Ewe and the Countess of Staffiird, brouglit up at Oxford in Nevil Court, and tlu'ee years, namely, from 1434 to 1437, Chancellor of that University. He was Dean of St. Martin's in London, and by a Papal Bull of Provision, at the King's request, made Bishop of Worcester the 9th of March, 1434, and made profession of obedience the 20th day of April, 1435, and was that day consecrated. From thence he was elected IVishop of Ely, in Jau\iary, 143(), and translated 20th December, 1443, and received bene- (liciidii 28th February fnlldwiiig; he sat there ten years twenty-three weeks and live days. He gaA'e 100 inarlor(l Staliiird ' says Cleveland, "the author of this overt Inow, diil not escape condign ])unishment, lor I>y diligent i nijniry made hy King Edward's order, he was I'onnd at iirent TARISII CHUKCnES OF NORTH DEVON 91 near the river Axe in Somersetshire, and was carried into Bridtrewater and beheaded." Lord Stafford married, according to Pole, Isabel daAiglitei- of Sir Jolm Barre or Bai-ry, but had no issue by her, and after liis death she mariied Sir Thomas Bourchier, younger son of Henry Bourchier, Earl of Essex. This is probably a mistake, he must have been the second son of John Boiu-chier, Lord Berners, who was fourth son of William Bom-chier, Earl of Essex and Eu, \\hose wife was Anne^ Plantagenet, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, (seventh aiitl youngest son of Edward TIL) by his wife, Eleanor Bohiui. This was the third aUiance of the lady Anne Plantagenet, she had previously weddrd Thomas, Earl of Stafford (ob. 1393,) and secondly Edmimd his brother, who was slain at Shrewsbury in 1403. Both hei'self and third husband were buried in the Priory of Lanthony. Thus by a singidar coincidence, the second husband of this Lady Isabel Stafford, Countess of Devon, Su- Thomas Bourchier, stood almost j^arallel in relationship and descent from the blood-royal in alliance with the noble house of Bohun, as did the unfortunate Henry Courtenay, whom her first husband, Lord Stafford, supplanted in the Earldom of Devon. Henry Com-tenay was descended from Humpluy de Bohun, and liis wife the Princess Elizabeth, seventh daughter of King Edward I. Thomas Bourchier, tlu'ough Eleanor BohuTi, (daughter of Humphry de Bohun grandson of the before named Humphry), and Thomas, of Woodstock, youngest son of King Edward the III. It is difficult to directly account for the appearance of the Bourchier knot in Honiton Church, or at Plymtree where it occurs in company with the Stafford kncjt, in allusion as it were to both husbands. The Stafford badge at Plymtree is of pecuhar shape, with apparently an I, possibly the first initial of her name, incorporated. h Bourchier and St.lflbrd Knots— Honiton and Plymtrei:. 92 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE The manor and advowson of Honitou belonged to the younger or Powderham branch of the Courtenays, and formed no j^^n't of the property confiscated at the death of Henry Courtenay in 14fi6, who represented the elder descent, and the manor of Plymtree, although at one time forming part of the estate, had long been alienated from it. A ciuioiLS circumstance is, however, observable relative to Honiton between the year 146(), when Henry Courtenay perished, and the year 1487 when Hemy the VII. restored the next male representative of the house, Edward Coui-tenay of Haccombe and Boconnock to the Earldom and estates. The li\dng of Honiton became vacant, and in Dr. Oliver's list of incumbents Geofleiy Newchurch was appointed, but the patron's name does not seem to be known, yet the head of the house of Powder- ham appears as patron at the appointments immediately before and after Newchurch. The probability Ls that in consideration of this Countess holding so large a poi'tion of the escheated Courtenay estate, at a time when so many of the Devonshire Churches were being rebuilt, she did conti'ibute largely toward the re- erection of those in the parishes where the jjroperty was situate, or had claim on the almost princely name, and tliat in consequence the badges (jf her both husbands' families were set up, and to this day remain to record her nuuiificence. Among the antient stamed glass re^naining in INlilton Abbey, Dorset, was the coat of Statiiird of South\vick, and vouiul it the inscription — " on \ul)OSf soul tJ^oti Ijalif \m\>, 3Jlr)^. " Sir Humphry Stafford, Eai'l of Devon, was second son of Sir William Stafford of Hooke, Dorset (oh. 1450), and grandson of Sir lluiiiphry Stafford (surnamed of the Silver Hand.) of Hooke (ol). 1414,) a descendant of William Staff'ord of r^romcliill in tht; county of Stafford, a hranrli of the nohli- and wide sprea(hng family of that name. "This Hum])hry, Earl o( |)t\-on" says llntchins. "who is styled of Sonth-\\icl<, Avliicli seems to Jiave been the appanage of a yomiger branrh of (he Hooke i'aniily, and was the oriirinal seat of (lie elflest liraneli, siK'eee(h'parsim tinrta riibfnt, Dolor rn lacl)r{)mabilis Ijora, h' 94 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Lumtnr iifinpr ratJtt, quo CI)ri6tus mortt itsurgit, jBourrijtrr DumfriDns rlava propag;tni Uirtiis. CDUiarHi rrgts qui tfitiuG rst liontatus, 3Iol)n Domim ^r rur rs proles ft parlnilus Ijarrrs ; iDuartus ct €t)\iiartiu5 bflli tenet erre tiiumpl)um, Qm pent Dinnpin'iHus, ut regis liernula lierus Cpronomon menscr spouso" regis fuit tste, Clnabetl) sibi sir sua lurtus rrestit bouore ; armis ronspicuus quontiam rbarusque JSrittauts l^ic fuit; lit ccrlis luUat Deposrite liotis." At the corners ai'e foiu' shields with Bourchier quartermg Tilney and other alliances. Fragment of a Crusader, Exeter. — Tliere is in the Devon and Exeter Museum the cast of the upper portion of a male effigy, the particulars respect- ing wliich have been kindly communicated by the Curator, W. S. D'Urban, Esq. " The original of the plaster cast of the head of an effigy of James Loi'd Audley of Red Hill in Slii'opshire, who died 1386, is said to have been dug up in 1820 on the site of the Dominican Convent, near where Bedford Chapel now stands, and was in the jjossession of the late John Gidley, Es([. This inininuition is derived from a lal)el attached to it by the late J. W. L. Ross, Es(p, of To])sham, from wliose collectiun it came til tliis Musuem." \)v. ( )liver in lils Mundsticini Exoniensis says relative to this fragment, "that it was tlie npiiiion (if Sir Sanuiel Meyrick tlio flattened conical shajje of the coiti'e de maille proves that the Knight, whoever he may be, lived in tlic reign of Henry 111. (1216-72,) and tliis effigy may be attributed to llic close o|" that pei'iod : the specimen is interesting from shewing a peculiar nioilr of fasteninL; the over-lapping part of the coiffie by a strap ami liiicklc near tlio left tcniiilc." The coinplete figuic, Jndging IVoni the conloui- nf the head, was doubt- less a cross-legged effigy simihir to iii:iii\- still existing in the counly. Tiiis Convent, oljserves Ijolaml. "was a house oi' iilake l*'reres on the north sirje >,\' the cemetrie of (he ( 'athedrair ('huich, hut without the Close." Its ('on\ciUual ("huich was dedicateil in I "J:')'. I hy l>isho|i Ih-ones- i'AKiMI CliriiCllKS OF A(il;ill Id-nON. 95 combe, ami became tlic burial place of sonic nf the must antleiit families in Devonshire, the Martins, C'adwodeleighs, and many others. It is questionable if the above presumed identification of tliis fragment of an effigy be correct. TIk' date 138G would be much too late for the armour, for at that period chain-mail had licon almost wholly superseded by plate-armour. Ejjiijij j'vund in Exeter: — In digging on the site of the Franciscan Priory, behind Colleton Crescent, it is recorded by Shortt in liis Collectanea, "an antient tomlj or vaulted recess was uncovered at the depth of twelve feet, inclosing a skeleton in a forward state of decay. Several handsome pieces of tracery and carved work accompanied these relics, among others a handsome efiigy in full costume, witli beads, the folds of her habit in her hand." The following, gathered from Cleveland, may give a clue as to who she was: — "John de Courtenay Baron of Okehampton, died 3rd May 1273, and was buried at Ford Abbey near liis father the Lord Kobei-t Courtenay, before the high altar. His hidy survived Irini a long time, and was married after- ward to the Lord Oliver Dinham or DLnaiit, and Musberrie was held by the said Lord Ohver Dinham, nomine clotis Isahelle de Courtenay. She outlived her second husbaiul, and died August 1 1th , and was buried in the Chm'ch of the Fryars-Prsedicant in Exon, in the south part of the chancel over against her husband." The presumable era of Lord Dinham's death and the style of costume closely coincide. He was summoned to Parliament among the Bai'ons, 24th Edward I, 1290. She was the daughter of Hugh de Vere, Earl of Oxford, Lord High Chamberlain of England. This efiigy was probably similar to those remaining at Haccombe. The Convent was established about 1250, and suppressed 12th September 1538, the site being given to Humphry Ilolle. Ejjirjie.s helongiwj to single families. — Courtenay.— The large number of sepulchral effigies that still exist to the memory of the family of Courtenay afibrds a remarkable evidence of their antient inijiortance. " The stamp of their almost princely authority," observes Mr. Davidson, " may be exten- sively recognized throughout the county of Devon," and accordingly their 96 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE memorials are found extending over the whole of the southern portion of the county, from Sheviocke, Ashwater, Plympton, South-Pool, Haccombe, Powderham, and the Cathedral, to Tiverton and Colyton, and the two brasses formd in the Cathedral and at Shillino-ford. Tn these Churches theii- monumental eflSgies at present remain, and their coat-armour and badges, in almost numberless other instances, are found elsewhere. The brass in Exeter Cathedral represents Su- Peter Courtenay, K.G., Standai'd-bearer and Lord Chambei'lain to King Edward III., Governor of Calais and Windsor Castle, and companion-in-arms of the Black Prmce. He is represented in plate and chain armour (corresponding with Division III) -n^ith the Garter around his left leg and his feet rest on a dog. There is a splendid canopy, shields bearing the arms of Courtenay and Bohun, and this 'jingling' inscription on the ledger line: — " SDflionip natus comitts prtrusq lioratus, Efgi rognatus, famfranus intitiilatus, Caliseus gratus rapitanrus rnse probatus, fJita pnliatus futt \)m supra astra rclatuci, (©t quia sublatus He inuutio transit amatus,) Cclo firmatus manrat suit fine bratus." The above is as given by Dr. < )Hver. Sir Peter Courtenay was the seventh son of Hugh Com'tcnay, Earl of Devon, and Margaret Bohun. He died unmarried in 1409. This hne bra.ss originally lay at the east end of the sovith aisle of the nave beside the tomb on wliich i-eclined the eftitjies of his father and mother. It has since been removed to tlie south choir aisle, and the tomb with the effigies of his parents to a po.sitioii under the south tower. Directly opposite the original position of tlu'so cliigirs, in the nave, may be seen the matrix of a large cliigy of a, l>isliop in pontiJicaJihus, which represented BisJKjp Brantyngliani (ob. i;!'.>4,) and it is jirobable both places of sepulture were once enclo.scil li\ ridi skn'cn woik, as nioi'tuary chapels. The Bishop ami (lie Earl wcic contemporaries. I'rince says:— "lie (l!isli(i|) l'.)iuityMghani) was inleired in a little cha])])el of liis own bnilding, lielvveeii the two pill.irs. < )ii lils gra\c \\:is a lai'ge niai'bie stone Liid, whereon Wius his poitraicLure ni lirass, wliieii long since I'AKTSH cnUKCnES 01^ NORTH DEVON. 97 Brass of Sir Peler tourtcniy, Exeter CathiJral. 98 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE ■was so worn out l)y time, or imbezeled by sacviligeous Iia'ids, that, nor effigies, nor arms, nor inscription ifield Kt.. Atfomeif General to K. Edw. ith, and of Coiuicil to Ki:\/ Henry 7th, and Justice of Oyer and Terminer, ^vhirh died the x.rth day of March, A.D. M.G.C.O.G.XCTX. On xvhnx,-. soul Jesus have mercy; Arnen. Honor Deu et (jloriar And in a window above his picture : — . "fit tres sunt mihi spes, Jhesus, Maria, Johannes." Over the head of her picture. — " Qum peperit florent, det nobis floris oorne Minster, Dorset, on the iiui-lh side is a toml) of I'mlH'ck iii;u-l)le, below are triiceried panels, and aJ)i>ve is a plain cover, around its edges are the remains of a border tiilet of brass, thus inscribed: — " roniiij: qujiiDcim lornriti Couiirna)), iHarcbiunts €]ron, mater CDUiaiDi cciurtrnap, nuper ra " This is the tomb of Gertrude Blount, second wife of IKury Courtenay, Mai-quis of Exeter, beheaded by Henry VIII. She was the daug liter of William Blount, Lord Moiitjoy, by Elizabeth daughter and codieir of Sir William Say, Knt., and l)y lier, ho (the Man|uis) had two sons, Hemy who die. I young, and Edward, afterward restored by Queen Mai-y to the honours and estates of his father, and who died at Pa lua, 4 Octobei", 1556. According to Cleveland, the whole epitaph is thus registered in the parish book, in English : — '• In this lyes intombed Gertrude Blunt, Marchioness of Exeter, daughter to WiUia')n Blunt, Lord Montjoy, and wife of Henry Courienxy, Earl of Devonshire and Marquis of Exeter, belieculed by Klwj Henry 8th, which Hemy Courtenay was son of William Courtenay, Earl of Devonshire, by Catherine the daughter of King Edward the 4:th." " Her tomb," says Hutchins, " being opened some years since out of curiosity and repaned, the body was foimd wrapped up in cere-cloth. There were several shields in quatrefoUs u]ion the sides of the tomb, but they are now torn oti'. She died in 1558." Blouxt. — Lord Montjoy and Earl of Dcivn. - Charles, Lord i\Ljntjoy (ob. 1545,) brother of Gertrude, wife of Henry Courtenay, Marquis of Exeter, man-ieJ Anne Willoughby daughter of Uf)bert, Lord Willoughby de Broke, (ob. 1522, and l)uried at Beer-Fen-ers, son of Robert Lord Willoughby de Broke, wh(jse effigy is in Callingtoii Church,) by his wife Dorothy, daughter of Thomas Grey, Marquis of Dorset, and his wife Cicely Bonville of Shute. James, Lord Montjoy, succeeded his father Chai'les, and left two sons, William, Lord Montjoy (ob. 1594,) and Charles, Lord 102 SEPULCHflAT> EFFIGIES IN THE Montjoy, created Earl of Devon and K.G. by King James I, IG03. He died in the fourth year of that monarch's reign, 1(30(3, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Arms of Blonnt : — Barrij nehuhj of six, or and sable. Ford Ahhey and Cowic Prior;/. " By descent from the Founder's family," says Dr. Oliver, "the Coiirt.^aivs becaraa the natural and legal protectors of Ford Abbey ; they considered it, siys Cleveland, as a most beautiful feather in their train." Its Conventual Church, now completely demolished, was dedicated to tlie Blessed Virgin, and the Abbey arms, as depicted on the seal of the Community, appear to have been those of Coiu"tenay on the dexter side, and vaire, apparently Beaumont, on the sinister, although it is not clear in what way the Beaumonts were connected with the Abbey. Query, whether it may not have been mtended foi chccqiii/, the device of De Brionis, the predecessors of the Courtenays, and whose arms occm' in conjunction with thehs on the central tower. The following early members of the Courtenay family, according to Cleveland, were buried in the Conventual Church. Reginald de Courtenay on the north side of the high altar, 27th September 1194; his wife, Hawise de Albrincis, on the south side, 31st July 1209. Robert de Courtenay, their son, 2(3th July 1242. John de Courtenay, the son of Robert, near his fither, before the higli altar, 3rd May 1273. The Priory of St. Andi-ew, Cowic, was also sj)ecially under the protection of the Com-tenays. In the inquisition taken after the death of John, Lord Courtenay (buried as above at Ford) wlio succeeded his father Robert in liis liou'iui'H and estates, 2Gth July 1242, it is expressly stated to be under his patronage. It was this nobleman's widow, Isabel de Vere, who subsequently married Loi-d Olivo- de Diuhani, and was buried with her second husband in the Cliurch of the Friars-Predicant in Exeter. A great feud arising between this nobleman's son, Hugh do Cmu-tenay (who resided at Colcombe, Colytni:) .md tin' Abbot lA' Vnvt\, he I'hose Cowic Priory for his place of sepulture (nb. 1292) where alsn his widow, Eleanor, (buighter of Hugh de Spencer, and who suivi\('(l him above thirty years, was also interred 1st October 1328. Hugh de Courtenay, his son, (ob. 1340) was also liuiicd at Cowic, together ui(li his wife Agnes, sister of .lolin, fiord St. .lohn 'A' Iiasinir. PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 108 The iirms of Cowic Priory were : three cotes jxissant sable, collared or, eyed yules. The site of the building can no longer be traced with any degi-ee of certainty. The etHo-ies of Hugh de Courtenay, (son and successor to the last mentioned Hugh) and his wife, Margaret de Bohun, are in the Cathedral. " Placed on tlie shore of Time's tar strotcliing bourn, M'itli leave to look at Nature and return ; ^^'hile wave on wave impels the human tide, And ages sink forgotten as they glide. Then what avails the alliance of a throne, The pomp of titles what, or power revered? Happier to these, the humble life unknown With virtue honoured, and by peace endeared." Lawjhorne. BoHUN, — Courtenay, — Bourchier. —In the south aisle of the Cathedral are two cross-legged elfigies, the easternmost of which has been assigned to represent Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, and Constable of England, who mari-ied the Princess Ehzabeth, seventh daughter of King Edwai'd I., (he was her second husband,) and by whom with other issue he had Mai-garet. wife of Hugh de Courtenay, whose tomb and effigies are now under the south tower. This Earl Humphry was slain at Borough- bridge in 1322, and, according to Polwhele, was buried at York; so that the effigy in the Cathedral would assume the province of a cenotaph only. Polwhele also gives the following epitaph, wa-itten by John Hooker, which was once over the effigy, but is now illegible : — '■'■ Eijitaphiuni D. Bohunni illustnasimi Quondam Comitis Herefordensis. Bohuiine Comes! claro de sanguine nate! En ! vapit vitce staminca parca tuce. Dejicit ilia vivos illustri stemmate natos : lusuper obscuros dejicit ilia vivos. Aspiciie humanuin Bohunni in imagine fortem, ? Cunctos mors panda cruenta fecatJ'^ Traces of colour still remain nluni. ( )n the lediivr line is tliis inscription : — "€}> gist €lfonarf tir i3ol)un, mnr fillr ft m\ Drs iDrirrs I'Oonoiablt' s^rtgiifur iHous. DninpbiTi) dr iSobiin, Conte Df bfiTfoiti, D'Csorv, ft tif Ji5ortl)ainpton ft Confstablf D'CnglftfiTf, ffinmf a puiodant ft Brass of Elcnnor ]3ohun, Duchess of Gkuccstcr, Westminster Abbey, A.D. 1399- PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 105 noblf Ipriiuf (ZEbanias Dp c[(Uooti5torh, fit; a tirs rrrfUrnt ft trrpuissant ^fignruv CtiUinrU Eoi ti'€ng;lftfirr puts Irs fende.d his ca-stle of Dunster against the friends of King Stephen ; and in considera- tiou of his services, the Empress is said to have created him Earl ot Dorset, but he does not appear to have borne the title. The manor n{ Ihulon, which had descended to hiui from his grandfather, he bestowed witli other valuable estates on the Augustine monastery at that place, and in the Church ot that montistej'y he was buried." — (Davidson). Relative to the title of Earl bestowed on this knight some difficulty exists, and if so honoured, it was probable he was named of ' Somerset,' rather than Dorset, as the chief of his lands lay in that county, and in his charter of endowment to the monastery of Bruton, he is styled " Willielmua de Muyne, comes Somerset ensis." Leland, in the Collectanea, seems to conhrra this, but states he was buried at Dunster: — " Gul. Moion sejjultus est in iviov de Dunster quern ipse construxit. Gul. Moion ejus lueres ibidem sepultus. Gul. Hi dictus Meschin ibidem sepidtus, qui primus comes full de Somerset." The curious circumstance of a dignity of the same rank and title being bestowed on this knight's grandson by the Pope, may merely have been a confirmation of this mark of favour by the Empress. Sir William de Mohun liis son was living in the 12th Henry II. (1166), and was also burled at Bruton. A religious foundation existed at Bruton from before the Conquest, and after the accession of prosperity consequent upon this endowment of Sir William de Mohun, it w;is changed into a Priory of Black or Augustine Friai-s. Subsequently it was raised to the dignity of an Abbey. Oi' the Conventual buildings that were at Bruton, with the exception of a high wall supported by buttresses, scarcely a vestige exists. On the li-ont of an old building in the centre of the town still called the Priory, there are two shields, one of them has the maimch and fieitr-de-lys, but raodemized almost beyond recognition, the other the cross engrailed, k JUS SEPDLCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Beyond tliis no other trace of Mohnn is observable at Bruton, except on the fourth !)eli in the (,'luirch tower. Succeeding Sir William was his son Reginald, who was under age at his father's death, and his wardship was granted by the crown to Lord William Briwere, who married him to his daughter Alice. The eliigy at Axminster is considered to represent this lady wlio Avas the mother (not wife, as previously stated) of Reginald and William de Mohun, co-founders of the adjoining Abbey of Newenham. " She is here repi'esented as holdino- between her hands an image of the Yii-gin Mary, to whom the chinch <>f xVxminster is dedicated. To her the manor of Axminster belonged as co-heiress of her brother's estates, who died in 1231. The date of her decease is not precisely known, lint it took place shortly Ijefore the year 1257. That the Moliuns were greatly instrumental to the buUding of the Cluu'ch at this period is 3.1so apparent from the fact that among the shields which adorn the parapet of the north aisle are two which represent the armorial bearmg used by Reginald the husband of Alice de Mohun, whose ensigns would not in any other case have been perpetuated there : f )r tlie manor of Axminster passed into the possession of the Abbot and Convent of Newenham in (lie year 1246, which was prior to the decease of Lady Alice de Mohun." — (Davidson). The effigy at Mem])nry is conjectured to be placed to the memory of tliis same Alice de Mohun, — Membury being a dependant chapelry of Axminster, and the eiKgy at Dunster probably commemorates the same person ; there is great similarity of costimio in all three figures, l)ut more particularly those at Meml)ury ;ind Dunster. Sh' Reginald de Mohun "was in great favoui with King Henry the IIL In the twenty-fifth year of that monarch's reign, he was appointed one of tlie Justiciars of tlie Connnon l*le;is, in (he following yenr he wns con- stituted Chief Justice i-ci-ogative, as it appears to he the only instance on record in this count rv. deserves a more ]);ir( iculin' notice. It wtis the practice at (hat (inie, a,s it, appears to be at tlu^ prt'seiit, for I'AUIMI CilUifCUES OF NDirni DEVON 10S> the Pope, oil the day called ' Ltvtare Jerusidem,' to present a consecrated rose or Hower of gokl to some brave or honourable person in company with liini at high mass, or to send it to some individual whom he wished to distinguish by his favour. The i'ope was then at Lytjus, whither Sir lieginald had proceedetl to obtain his sanction and conlirmation to the new foundation of Newenham Abbey ; and forming one of the C(jngregation on the day mentioned, was thought worthy to receive this Hattering token of respect. But as it had not been the custom to bestow the gift on any pei'son below that of an Earl, the Pontiff" at the same time created him Earl of Est, which the Bull interprets Earl of Somerset, with a pension of 200 marks a year payable out of the papal revenue from England called Peter pence." — (Davidson). This was probably only the recognition or confirmation by the Pope, of a title wliich had been used or asstmied l)v precedin"- members of the family. Sir Reginald appears to have been married twice ; who his first wife was cannot be determinetl, luit she was probably the heiress of the Flemings of Stoke Fleming, the second bemg, according to Pole, the Lady Isabel, widow of Gilbert Lord Bassett, and one of the daughters of Wilham Ferrers, Earl of Derby, by Sybil his first wife, one of the sisters and heirs of the Earls ]\Lu-shall. These aUiances are displayed on the gene- alo""ical shield at Lanteglos. "The coat-armour fir.st borne by the Mohuns was, gules, a maunch ermine; Sir lieguiald after the honom- bestowed on liim by the Pope, assumed these bearings: — Gules, a maunch ermine, the hand argent, ho/d- in;/ " ll('Au--d.e-hjH or."— (Davidson.) These arms may be seen on the On Gateway Arch. Ottcry-Mohun. % On Parapet, Axminsicr Church, and Priory, Bruton. no SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE parapet of Axminster Church, also in the spandril of the gateway arch of the dismantled seat of the Cai'ews, who succeeded this family in their olden home of Ottery-Mohun, Luppit ;— the arms of Carew occupying the other spandi'il. Sir Reginald died at his seat at Torre-Mohun in 1257, and the Chartulary of Newenham relates some extraordinaiy visions which were seen by this Knight and his Confessor a few days prior to his decease. His body was brouffht to Newenham for interment, and buried before the higli altar of the Abbey Church, where :dso the body of his brother William, who died at Norton, Somerset, in 12(55, was laid beside him. Tlie etfigy at Stoke-Fleming may be assigned to one of two persons, the hehess of the Flemyngs, presumably the first wife of Su- Reginald de Mohun, or Elinor the daucrliter of his second son Sir William de Mohun, and wife of Sir John CarcNv, who by this alliance and the decease of his wife's sister ]\Iary, (who married Sir John Merriett, without issue) acquired a large patrimony belonging to the Flemings, including Otteiy- Fleming, Luppit, thenceforward changed to Ottery-Mohun. Westcote says, " Stoke, surnamed Fleming, of a noble gentlenuui of that country that served Richard I, and inhabited this place. Sir Richard Fleming, alias Flandrensis de Stock, Knight ; from whom it came by a daughter to Mohun, and by the like to the Ulusti-ious lamily of Carew." This is confirmed by the quartering of Fleming in the large genealogical shield at Lanteglos. According to Pole, Sir William Fleming 'gave' lands at Sloke-Fk'niing, Ottery-FIeming and elsewhere, to Sir Reginald de Mohun, Lord df Dunstei-, who gave it unto liis second son Sir William de Moluui, by his second wife, Isabel, Lady Basset. The Flemings were not extinct, and great friendship evidently existed between them and the Mohuns, Ini- llciny Fleming was appointed to the rectory of Luppitt by Sir Ivrginald. At this rector's death in 120(), Baldwin de Moluni, a younger brdtlicr of Sir Regin:ikl, was presented to the living i)y Jnlm dr Nortliiunpton, Alilxil of Neweuiiaiu, in consequence ol" an ari'aiigeiuent made with Sir Reginald before his decease, he having j^reviously given the iidvowson of the living to tlie Abbey. A second supposition may be liazardc 1 as lo lln' identity of the lady PAEISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. Ill at Dunster : it may have been intended for tlie second wife of Sir Reginald, Isabel, widow of Lord Bassett ; no recortl appears to exist of the interment of any ladies of the Mohun family at Newenham. " Sir John de Mohun the son of Sir Reginald (of Newenham) died in Gascony, but liis remains were brought home for interment ; his heart was deposited with filial feeling in the choir of Newenham, close to the remains of his lather, while his body was taken to Bruton, and buried with his ancestoi-s thei-e. His grandson of the same name served in Gascony and in Scotland, bearing a command in the first division of the English army at the siege of Carlaverock in 1300, and in the year 1301, we find his name iUJ Lord of Dunster afiixed to the letter from the Barons to the Pope, relative to the claims of the latter to the kingdom of Scotland, and he was regularly summoned to Parhament among the Barons of the realm from the 27th Edward I to the 4th Edward III, (1330), the year in which he died." — (Da\'idson). Elinor, a daughter of this Baron, married Sir Ralph Willington of Atherington, North Devon, and the effigy there probably represents her. Sir John de Mohun, the fifth and last of that name, and in whom the male line of this branch of the family ended, being only ten years of age when his grandfather died, liis wardship and marriage were granted to Bartholomew de Bm-ghwash, brother of Henry Bishop of Lincoln, (ob. 1340). During the reign of Edward III, this Baron served often in the wars of France and Scotland, and lie was in the expedition to Flanders in the 47th of that King. He had summons to Parliament from the IGth to the 47th (1374) of the same reign, and was honoured with the oixler of the Garter on its first institution. Sir John de Mohun was married to Joan, the daughter of his guardian, but died leaving three daughters only, co-heiresses. — (Davidson). Of these, one only left issue, viz. : — Matilda, wife of John, Lord Strange ; — Elizabeth, married William Montacute, Earl of Sarum ; — and Philippa, married Edward Duke of York, son of Edmond of Langley, Duke of York (fifth son of Edward III,) by his wife Isabel daughter of Peter, King of Castile and Leon. He was her third husband, she having previously manned, first Lord Fitz-walter, and secondlv Sir John Golofre, Knt. She is buried in St. Nicholas Chapel, Westminster Abbey, with high tomb and effiory. At the time of his death. Sir Jolm de 112 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Mohun held fifty-three manors in Somerset, the castle of Dunster, and two manors in Dorset. The eliigies found In the chantry on the north side of the choir of Dvinster Church, presumably respresent this nobleman and his wife Joan de Burgwash. The appointments of the armour assimilate with those worn in the era in which he Uved, and the collar of SS., and apparel of the lady, are almost identical with those found on King Henry IV, and his Queen, Joan of Navarre, in Canterbiu-y Cathedral (1413). It is unfortunate the lower pai-t of the male effigy is destroyed, as the Garter would probably have been found on the left leg. This tomb and its effigies was probably erected by the widowed Lady Joan Mohmi to the memory of her deceased husband and herself during her lifetime, as slie also caused another to be constructed for herself, in a similar way, in a chantry she founded in the crypt or under-croft of the Lady Chapel m Canterbiu-y Cathedral ; and where she was doubtless buried. The cii'ciimstance of chantries being attached to both tombs seems also to confinn the presumption that they commemorate the same persons. The costmne of Lady Joan Mohun at Canterbui-y very much resembles the effigy at Dunster, with the exception of the head-di-ess, l)ut both examples are common to the er;i in whicli she Hourished. Of the Priory buildings at Dunster only a very sukiII ]Mirtiiiii remains. "The Church," says Colhnson, "is a lai-ge Gothic pile one hiiiKhvd and sixty-eight feet long, and was built (or iTithcr i-clinilt) l)y King Henry A^II. The part eastwai'd of the tower was the original church of the Prioiy. The paii:, westwai'd is tliai used for divine servirt\ In tlu^ old jwrt of the church is a sni;i,ll chantry ch^ipcl ;i(l)oining to the cha.ncci, in it is an antient Lomb on which lie the nnitilated remains of two effigies of the Mohuns. This pai-t of the Chuich is now stripped ol" all its fuiniture and totally neglected, although it (^mtnins nimiy line t bs iind escutcheons of the Mohuns anil biittrel families, now perishing with llieir owners in the dust, and exhibiting a strong rebuke to the v;inity ol' hnin.-in greatness." " Wonrlcr liiit, lilMi(:il, :ir (liv ipii'-k (l('(-ay — See, nii'ii of iii;iilili' jiiccc-niial inelt away; \\'\\i-\\ whiisc tin- iiiiiige %vi- no louf^cM" read, Ami tnciiiiniiiiil^ llnnisclvcs inriiiDi'ials need.'"— ('llAIiliK. PAEISn CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 113 This tine structure is now heiug restored. The more antient tomb with the female effigy has [imliably never been disturbed fi'om its oriorinal position. The other eiKgios lie on a tomb, situate under an arch opening into a smidl chantiy on the north side of the high altar. The arch over forms the c;mopy of the tomb ; it is cusped, and otherwise ornamented, shewing on both sides nf the wall ahke, similar to the Ferrers chantry at Beer- Ferrers, South Devon. Within the chantry the original stone ;Utar still remains. The style of architecture of the tomb and canopy harmonizes with the rest of the chancel, and the figm-es and tomb were replaced in their present position when the chancel was rebuilt. Some antient encaustic tiles remain in the floor, displaying shields charged with the arms of Mohun and De Clare, Or, three chevrons gules. Matilda, the eldest daughter of John, the last Lord Mohun, married John Lord Strange of Knockinge. They had issue Richard Lord Strange, which liy Elizabeth daughter of Reginald Lord Cobham, had issue John Lord Strange, (ob. 1475) who married Jaqnetta, one of the sisters and heirs of Anthony WoodvLlle, Earl Rivers. " Li TTillingdon Church, Middlesex," says Lysons, " are two figures of brass of large size under a canopy, representing a man in annour, and a female with a gown and hood. T suppose this to have been the tomb of Joltn Lord Strange of Knockin, and Jane his wife, daughter of Richard Woodville, Earl Rivers, and sister of Elizabeth, Queen of Edward IV. It is certain such a tomi) was placed for them in Hillingdon Chm'ch, (in 1509) l)y their daughter Jane who married George Lord Strange, heir apparent of Thomas Earl of Derby. The following inscription (since removed) was to be seen on the tovnl) in Weever's time : — "Sub hue turabd jacet nulillin Joannes Dominus he Stran<)e, Dominu.i de Knockin;;, MhIdhi, Wdsnef, Warnell et Lacy, et Dominus ih Cohham; uwi cum pictura Jaquetfa quondam uocoris sum, qui quidem Jaquetta fuit soror Elizabethce Ref/ince Ancjlice quondam, uxoris Edwardi Qtuirti, qui quidem Joannes obiit 15 die Octobris, anno Regni Edwardi Quart! 17; quain quidem turnham Johanna Domina Le Strange, una cum pictura Jaquetta ex sumptibus suis propriis fieri fecit, 1509." An inspection of the fine bnuss shews two figures under pyramidal 114 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE crocketted canopies, in the centre compartments of which is displayed the double rose of conspicuous size. Lord Strange appeal's in full armour, ciiUar and skirt of mad, broad-toed sabbatons and spurs. His head is bare, the hair long and flowing, and he wears his sword on the left side slung by a belt from the waist, buckled and knotted in front. His lady wears a long gown, the cuffs guarded with fur ; around her waist a girdle ornamented with three roses m front, from which depends a chain and tassell ; over is a robe, fastened aci'oss the breast by a band orna- mented with roses, on her head is a coverchief. The later arms of Mohun, Or, a cross engrailed sable, were first adopted by Su- Jului de Mohun, great grandson of Sir Regmald of Newenham, and these arms were also used by the Abbots of that monastery on their conventual seal as the arms of Mohun. This coat is fomid on one of the shields at Bruton, John de Mohun being named as patron of the Priory there, 19th Richard II. (1396), and also on the parapet of Axminster Church. (_)n the fourth l^ell in the tower of Bruton Chui'ch are the following inscri})tions : — "w^nnrta fMarta ora p nobis." " €Gt ^tffami5 primus laptUatus grada plnuis" And on a shield on the waist of the bell ai'e the initials, W. (1. in chief, and the device of Mohun, a mauuch witli the Jieur-de-lys, in the base. W. G. refers to William Gilbert, Abbot of Bnit.jn, 1.528.— (Ellaconil)e). It may Im^ added that on the west side of the church-yard at Bruton, close adjoining the ruins of the A])bey, there is a high toml) with quatre-foii |)ancls enclosing shields on its sides. There arc nn bearings on the shields visible, and a jilain slab ciaci-s it nn llic tup; its architecture dates it u< have been early in (he fourteeiitli century, and it was dunbtlcss (iricc, witliin llie walls of some bniMing. and may jXM-haps covered the dnst of a iMohiin. have originally PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 115 "So Hits this world's iinct rtiiin span! Nor zeal tor God, nor love man, Gives mortal monuments a date Beyond the power of Time and Fate. The towers must sliare the builder's doom ; Kuin is theirs, and his a tomb: Rut ])etter fate benignant Heaven To Faith and Charity are given, And bids the Christian hope sublime Transcend the bounds of Fate and Time."- -SiH W. Scott. Brasi Effigy of Thomas de Mohun, Lantcglos- by-Kowey Church. MoHUN. Cornimll — The elder surviving male line of the family was now represented by Sir Reginald, brother of Sh- John de Mohun of Dnnster, fourth of that name, who died in 1330. They were settled in Corn- wall, and had their residence at Hall and Bodinneck in Lanteglos-by-Fowey, and sub- sequently at Boconnoc. In Lanteglos-by-Fowey Church, at the south east end of the south aisle in the Founder's place, is a low altar tomb with panels and shields under, and over it is an obtuse arch, cusped, springing from corbels which consist of angels holding shields. Above is a Tudor flower cresting, flanked by octangular em- battled pimiacles witli shields On the tomb is the brass eftigies of a knight in very early complete plate armour, with sword and spurs and his feet resting on a lion, beneath which is this inscription : — *• Pfr lutirnnt runcti Sic transtt glfta muOi." On the ledger Vnw around is the following : 116 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE " Die jacet (2ri)oma5 Dc iBoI)un rt 3ioi)fs pater ems filtus et i)eres iRegtnalDi lie iBol^un imlitts et €lnabeti)e uroris sue fiUe et IjcreUis 3?oljis JTit^cKLItlUam iBtlttts qui sfDs frater 3)i3{)ts ettam lini He iBol^un Cljomas obtit Die mens . . . anno bomtm millmo reec . . (Quorum animabus propicietur lieus. Qlmen." There were four shields, of these three remain : — 1. — Three hucl's' Jiend/^ ajfrontee, the Jioni!^ dependant. ( ?) 2. — Three bends. (Fitz- William.) 3. — A cross engrailed, a lahel of three. (Mohuii.) This Thomas Mohnn was the grandson of Sir Reginald de Mohun, (brother of Su- John, ol). 1330,) who married the heiress of Fitz-WilHam of Lanteglos, and settled there. Of the family of Fitz-William, says Dr. Oliver, " when Leland was at Tywardreth Priory, he saw in the west part of the Conventual Church the tomb of Robert Fitz- William, 'a, man of fair lands in the reign of Edward III,' with the following epitaph : — '■'■ Ho;c est tvmhu. Roheril Jilil Willielmi." J ppiet be' TAEISn CIIUECnES OF NOETH DEVON. 117 Below are eiglit smaller figures of" children, four buys and four girls. Above is a shield: — Partii per pale, Baron, quartcrhj of four : lirass of John and Anne Mohnn, A. D. 1508. Lanteglos-by-Fowcy Church. 1. Qiiartrrh/, 1 ;nid 4 denuded, but probably Mohun ; 2 and 3, Fitz- Williani. 2. Tiircc sta(js j'dccs (iffrontee, the Iwrns dependant ( i) 3. A mnvvch tin- Jiand liolding a fleur-de-JijK. (Mohnn, anticnt.) 4. Three htillocLs' heads ajf'rontee. (Trembethow.) Femme : — A duui-on hetwexn three moor cocks. (Coode or Goode.) The malady referred to in the inscription, and of whicli they died withui twenty-foiu- hours of each other, was tJtc sweating sichiess. These figures have lately been removed from the floor, and affixed taron of Dunster, who rn.irricd .Fohn, Lord Strange. PAEISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 119 2ikI small shield. — Moliiin, iinpHling, ermine, three lions rampant (jiiicx (Chudleigli). 3rd small shield. — Modern France and England, ((uarterly, with a label of three, arc/eat, charged with nine roundels gules; impaling Mohun ; over, a diiciU coronet, for Edward Plantagenet, Duke of York, son of Edmiuid of Langley, Duke of York, and grandson of Edward III, who married Philippa, another daughter of John de Mohun last Baron of Dunster. Her ethgy is in Westminster Abbey. A large genealogical shield quarterly of fourteen : — 1. Or, a cross engrailed sable, (Mohun). 2. (Jides, two bends undy, or (for Reginald de Mohun and Alice de Briwere). 3. Vaire, a chief checquy, or and gules, (Fleming, for Reginald de Molnui his son, who pidliably married a Fleming for his first wife). 4. Party per pale, or and vert, a lion rampant, gules, (Marshal, Earl of Pembroke). ' 5. Or, three chevrons gules, (Clare). 6. Sahle, three ivheat sheaves argent, (Peverell, or Mac Murrough I). 7. Gides, tlirec lions rampant argent, langued azure. 8. Azure, three bends or, (Fitz William). 9. Or, three torteaux, (Courtenay). 10. Or, a lion rampant azure, (De Redvers). 11. Azure, a bend or, a, label of three, (Cai'minow). 12. Azure, three horses' heads caboshed or, bridled azure, (Horsey). 13. Azure, a chevron between three crosslets Jitchee tvithin a bordure indented, or, (Turges, of Melcomb, Dorset). 14. Barry wavy, argent and gules, over all a saltire or, (Maubank, of CHfton Maubank, Dorset). The crest, on an esquhe's helmet, is the antient device of Mohun ; a maunch ermine, the liand holding a jleur-de-lys, or. The twelfth aUianco relates to Sir William Mohun, father of Sir Reginald who manned Dorothy Chudleigli. He married Elizabeth daDghter and heiress of Sir John Horsey, Knt., (ob. 1588) of Clifton-Maubank and Melcomb- Horsey, Dorset; she was his first wife; his .second being Anne daughter of Wilham Roskyraer. Sir John Horsey is buried in Sherborne Abbey Church, where also his father (ob. 15(i4) and grandfather (ob. 154(3) are also inteiTed under a large tomb in one of the side Chapels, on which are their effigies, life size, in full armovir with sword and misericorde. At the dissolution of i-eligious liouses Henry VIII demised to Su- John Horsey, Knight, the house and site of the dissolved monastery of Sherborne, and other lands and houses belonging to the 120 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES TX THE Abbey. The Horseys were a family of considerable repute in Dorset, seated at Clifton-Maubank in that coiu^ty, having married tlie lieiress of Maubank. Another lai-ge genealogical shield (quarterly of four : 1. Ermine, three lions rampant (jnlrs- (Chudleigh). 2. Azure, three Lends argent (Merton). 3. Argent, a Hon riimpant gules, langued azure (Nonant). 4. S'^ihJe, three lions rampant argent, langued gules (Prouse). Tiie crest is that of Chudleii^rh^ (< savajfe j>ropei\ with wreath around his head, bugle horn at his waist, and cluJ) in las right hand. 4th small shield. — Chudleigh impaling, sable, a bend or, between six fountains (Stourton). James Chudleigh married Margaret, daughter of Wilham Lord Stourton, 1476. 5th small shield. — Mohun impaling Chudleigh. Gth small shield. — Chudleigh, imixUing — Barry argent and gules, orer all a double headed eagle displaijed sable (Speke '^). John Chudleigh married Elizabeth daughter of Sir George Speke of White Lackington, Somerset. In Fowey Church, Cornwall, at the east end of the south aisle is a high tomb, and incised on the cover stone is the effigy of a knight in complete armour, with sword and misei'icorde, and this fragment of inscription : — "csqupcr lubo ti[)eti pe 28 of Slanj). ao tio i5;>(), \)v Ijati isslie t)}) 3ianr ]>t l)augl)tfr of Eirljart iVlul)un rsquprr out tiauci:l)t." There are two shields, Treffry (apparently) impaling iVlt)huii, and on the other the same coat impaling, a chevron diminished between three roses. Ill Boconnoc ('lun-ch is ;i mcinori:il for one of the daughters of Sir Keginald Molmii, wlm died In IHS?. Ill the north aisle of Tamerton-Foliot Cluu'ch, on a. flat stone, is this inscri])t ion : — '■'■Here. Iiji'.th the body of Mr. Samnrl Muilovk of Plymouth, merchant, hij h'lH tally ye Hmililc Isnhfllii,, ihiKi/lifrr if ye Righi llmilitr, Warwick Lord Moh.un, n-h" y this Tomb stand still awhile And with your tomjues and tears the tyme hcijuile To see soe good a man betrayed to diist And no cause luhy save that he was right jitsf. The Church and Churchmen wees his chief delight To other things hee scarce had appetite. Or if he had tioas like himself truas rare So zealous all his recrentions rueare He wish't and luanted tyme, lohich ivas xoithstoode Not to lyve long, but to doe 'more good Wherein though death liatli. crosl. him, yet he'll have His virtuous life survyve his marble grave." Above, in the centre, is a genealogical shield of Ayshford displaying twenty-fom- (^uarterings, and the crest, a Saracen n head side faced ivearing a turban, avf/nd ; (Hi tlie left those of Mitchell. This Ivoger was the eldest son ..f llu; Ijeluiv n.-mu'd Nicholas. He married Elizabeth, daughter and heir nf P.arilioloiin'w Mychel of Cannington, Somerset. The second, also nf miiililc, Ims in the centre two kneeling figures, the male in amnour, uinlci- the female is inscribed: — " 7'o the memory of /■^liz(diel/i Ayshforde, wife of Artlmr Ayshforde, eldest Sonne of Ili-nry Ayshforde, Esquire, only daughter rate pro annua iHatjistn 3foi)is a:Oatp olim l)uius €rclesie liicafs q. obiit \h tif mfn ao Ufii mccfcw. Cujiis auima ppifirt lius." A hst of the shields that ornament the handsome parapet may be mcluded : — 1. Mohun, modern; 2. Courtenay ; 3. Stafford knot; 4. A hand or gauntlet, holding a short dagger — (Crest of Paulet) ; 5. Stafford knot szir- mounted with a crescent for difference — (Cicely Bonville as Countess ot Wiltshire); 6. Mohun, antient ; 7. A trade design, either a fuller s hammer On Parapet, Axminster Church. or rudder ; 8. J. W ; 9. Ttvo kcijs in mltire, probably the arms of tlie See of York, of which the living of Axminster was an appanage; 12. Tudor (double) rose; 13 and 14. Stafford knot with difference. Some of the shields are considerably denuded. This parapet bears evidence of contemporary construction with the 130 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE facade of Ford Abbey, and the stone employed is similar, as are also several of the sculptures displayed. St. Clere — CouRTEXAY — Chiverston— Ralegh — Ford— Dennis. East Budleigh. — The bench ends in this Church are finely cai-ved, \\dth representations of the human figure, tracery, fohage, &c., also a ship, sheep- shears, and other designs boldly executed. Some of the figm-es support shields thus chiu-ged : — 1st shield: — Parted per fess, in chief, quarterlij of three: — 1. A sun (St. Clere) ; 2. A fess engrailed between three mullets (Tidwell) ; 3. Three torteaux, a label of three ; (Courtenay) ; In base, on a bend, three goats passant (Chiverston). This is the achievement of St. Clere of Tidwell, in this parish, who, Bench Ends, East Budleigh, by marriage with Joan heiress of Tidwell of Tidwell, lield that manor for many generations, until a daughter of its last j)ossessor brought it by marriage to Arscott <;f Annery. The impalement of Courtenay has relation possibly to Elizabeth daughter of Humphry Courtenay, seventh son of SIi- riiilip Courtenay of Powderham, by Elizabeth daughter of Lord Hungerfoid. She married Thomas Carew of Bickleigli, Iiis son -lohn married Gilbei-t St. Clere's daughter, bnl dird witlnuil issue 1580. The lie liiiiidiiil dl' Hudleigli by grant of (lie ciowii m Courtenays In 1' 1337; they alsn held a Hmail manor in tlic p.uisli, probably Dalditch. The aiTTiH of Courtenay, together with l)i.sli(i|) Lticy's, occui' in the antient fitnined glius.s in (he ClKinccI wlndnw. PARISH CHUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 131 John (.arew, wlm iiuirried Liilburt St. Clere's claugliter, is Ijui-Icd in Bickleigh Church ; the mscription on his moinimeiit there is thus given in Prince's Wurthii'S : — " il remeynbrance of John Careiu, Esquire, tvho died A.D. 1588. Maiiniora, iiec t'uniuli, grandesve ex cere vohmsi. Nee genus aut pvoavi, nobile nomen hahant. Baccina nobiliwrn virtus sit, claraque vitce Postera transacted gens canit acta bene." The impalement of Chivei'ston (apparently the only memento left in the County to this antient family) follows Com'tenay. Sir John Chiverston, Knt., married Joan foiu'th daughter of Hugh de Courtenay Earl of Devon, by his wife Eleanor Bohun. The Lady Joan Chiverston was buried in the Augustine Friar's Church, London. — (Cleveland). Dying without issue, Sir John Chiverston gave all his lands to his father-in-law, through whom it came to the Powderluun branch. Pole narrates, " Li King Henry 7 tyme, 8r John Halgewell, a courtier and favorit, drew this (lands at Chiverston ui Kenton) and ye other lands in question being next heire of Chiverston (vid) the sonne of Walter, sonne of Thomas, sonne of the sister of Sir John Chiverston. After a long and chargeable suite it was by arbitrement concluded, yt Sir William Cour'tenay should pay unto Sr John Halwell or Halgawell, one thousand pounds in the towre of London, which accordingly was donne, and the money payd in small penc. It is delivered by tradicion that he used great frugalyty ridinge always Ijut with one man, wher his adversary was attended on with twenty." This " frugal " Sir William was son of Sir William and Margaret Bonville ; he married Cicely daughter of Sir John Cheney of Pincourt, in Pinhoe. •2nd shield: — 1. Fire fusils in hend, (Raleigh of Fardell) impaling ; 2. Three rests (Grenvill). These are probably the arms of Wyiuond Pialeigh, a descendant of the antient house of Raleigh of Smallridge, Axminster, and subsequently of Fardell, Cornwood, grandfather to the celebrated Sii" Walter lideiidi. He married Jane daujrhter of Sir Th.nnas ucnch-cnd, East Budieigh. n 132 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Ecnth-end, East liutileigh GrenA'ill. -whose effigy is in Bideford Cliuvch. They were connected with Biidleigh by their residence at Hayes (or Poer-Hayes), which they held on lease from the Dukes of Otterton, and wh^ie Sir Walter was born. The antient gravestone in the nave (subsequently noticed) may perhaps be referred to Joan wife of Walter Raleigh, grandmother of Wymond. She is stated hj Pole to have been a daughter of Hach of Woolegh, but he does not give her name. 3rd shield: — 1. Tltree battle axes. — (Dennis) impaling; a miiconi rampant. Probably the arms of Sir llobert Dennys of Holcombe Burnell, who, although he was not directly connected witli Budleigh, held considerable property in the adjoining parish of Bicton, wliich he pm'chased of Coj^lestone. From Dennys it came to Sir Henry Rolle of Stevenstone, who married Anne Dennys, daughter and co-heir of Sii- Tlu.mas Dennys, son of Sir Pioliert. Dennys Rolle his sou died 1 ()38, and to him there is a noble monument with his effigies, and epitaph by Dr. Fuller, in Bicton Church. 4th sliield : — Within a Inirduve imlcutcd, /xnied per Jess, a i/rci/lioinul current in, eliief, an aid in base. ( Fdid). — Crest: — On an esquire's helmet, on a n'reath, a (jreiihan inVs head e(i- Ixished, eiillared, irithin an aal: irreath. frueted. These are t lie arms of Ford of Bagtor. "The Priory of Polsloe," says Pole, " liad liere a manor lalled I'ud- leigli, after the dissnhition sold to St. Clere of 'I'ud- well, and ])y ({abiiel St. Clere sold mito Thomas Kmil of l>;p_;tor, Msi|., iind by him sold to Sir Jolui Po|)li;iiii. Kl., Chief .lustice of tlie King's Bench." .[iiliii I'nril of Ashliurton (ob. I.').'!'.*) ni.inicd for liis tlilnl will' till' widow ol' (iilKcit S(. ( 'lei-e ; his son. (iroigr of lislngton ( l)agtor). by liis second wife licnch'Ciid, Ka^t l!ii\ Pole appeare to luivc heen the son of George. Tliis John Fold was pr()li:il)ly considered Lord of the Manor at the time these fine henches were erected, and this seems to be indicated not oidy ])y the more complete way in wliicli his ni-ms ai-e sliewn, but also from the occui'rence of a further circumstance which a])jiarently relates to him. On another of the bench ends is a blank shield, supported by tiro gveij- hvKinh, alio\'e is a hehnet and wreaths. Below on a label is the date when the l)enches were placed there, " A.D. 1534." All the persons whose arms are given were doubtless joint contributors to the good Work. Littlehaiii. — ih\ this fine screen, now considerably defaced, are shields exhibiting these monograms : — "A.S." "N.C." "J.8." "J.C." "A.C." "A." Othere display the Bourchier knot, a square or tme love knot, emblematic probably of faith or trust, and a circular twisted knot, symbolical of eternity. Dr. Oliver says, "the J.C. may possibly stand for John Cobethorn, Dean of Exeter ; J.S. for John Saunder, elected abbot of Sherborne in 1459." The N.C., or G.N. it may be, perhaps for Bishop George Nevill 1456-70. 'I'he Dean and Chapter of Exeter are Patrons of the Vicarage. Skrccn, I.iitlchnm Church, circa A.D. 1460. n' 134 SEPULCHRAIi EFFIGIES IN THE Wyke. Axmouth. — Roger Wyke, a younger son of tlie house oi" Cock- tree, South-Tawton, pm-cliased tlie demesne of Bindon of Nicliolas Bach, temp. Henry IV. "Wilham Wyke (the original name of whose family appeal's to have been Wray), man-ied Katharine daughter and heiress of John BurneU of Cocktree; he had issue Richard, and Rogei- of Bindon, Axmouth, "which, as also theu- posterity, gave BurneU's coat of arms.'' — (Pole). The m-ms proper of Wyke of Cocktree were, Ermine, three hattle axes erect, sable; of Wyke of Bindon, a chcrron ennine, heticeen three hurnels (blackbirds?) 2}''op^>'- — (Pole). This latter coat is evidently the arms of BurneU adopted by Wyke, and assimilates with those foiuid at Bindon. The other two shields exhibit a double alliance between Wyke and Hody : — (argent) a Jess indented within, point in point, (vert and sable) 'within two harrulets (sable and vert) a mullet pierced for difference. Andrew Hody of Nethway, Brixham, married Joan daughter of BurneU of Pointingdon ; John Wyke man-ied a daughter of Sir WiUiam Hody. The four daughters of Richai'd Wyke of Bindon married Giffard, Barry, Hayes, and Erie, temp. Henry VIH. The Erles, doubtless, subsequently pai"tiaUy rebuUt Bindon. The three shields were discovered during some At Itindon, Axnioiitli. recent alterations. Roger Wyke (ibt.niud IV.nii liisliop Ednnuid Lacy, 16 Jidy, 1425, a hcense to have a cli;!]!!'! witliln liis manoi- liouse of ISiudon, Axniiiutli. TIk- iilil (liiiiicst ic orabiry still iciiiains in a veiy perfect state, with its oak screen, tabeniaclcil nirlic, caiNrd jiiscina, and jmintcd i^ast window. A i-]i;in(rv at the ea.st cml "f (lie sniilh aisle nf Axmouth Churcli, jirobably belonged to (he Wykes, in it is a monument (o (be wife of (Sir 'I'honias Mile, graiidsfni of Waltei- Erie (oh. N""^!), \\lio married Mary daiiglitei- of Roger Wyki^ of llindon. It is thus inscribed : — PAEISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 13.5 " Here lye the hodyes of Dame Anne Erie, wife of Sir Thomas Erie, and of Thomas Erie theire onely sonne, and heire, — two rare patternes, the one for her pietye, the other for his wisdome and abylityes; she was heire to Francis Dymmock of Erdincjton in the County of Wanvick, Esquire ; the sonne dyed June the Ist, 1650, — the motlier the 26th Jany. 1C53." Thomas the son nianied Susanna daughter of William Viscount Save and Sele. His son General Thomas Erie dying without issue male, the name became extinct. He commanded in Flanders and IvcLind duri)!!"- the wars of King William and Queen Anne, in 1714 was made Lieu- tenant-Genenil of the Ordnance, Governor of Portsmouth and South Sea Ci^stle, and Privy Counsellor. He was of Charborough, Dorset, (which property the Erles inherited also from their alliance with Wyke), and died in 1720. Arms of Erie: — Gules, three escallops within a hordure argent. The initials, and apparently a merchant's mark, of Anthony Giffard who married Elizabeth, another daughter of Richard Wyke, may be seen on the old chimney of their former residence in the village, thus : — A.G. 1570. E.W.G. I GOD GIVETH ALL. CoURTENAY, Sampford-Couvtenaij.—ln the roof of the nave are twi). IJosses, Sampford CourIen;iy Lhurch. 136 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE bosses near its eastern extremity, on these are busts male and female, and evidently designed to represent some members of tlie Courtenay family who doubtless rebuilt tlie Cliurch. The Earl is represented with a square cut beard, and his hair arranged m rolls or pufi's, on his head a coronet with ilevu--de-lys on the spikes. The Countess wears a crenelated head- dress, with cover-chief, and on the coronet are alternate leaves and flowers on spikelets. Two other bosses near have the J)oar, and the ct}nns of Coiutenay sculptvu-ed on them. GooDWYX. PJymtree. — In the Fordmore aisle on a bench end is a shield y\\i\i a variation of the merchant's mark of the woollen trade on it, inter- t-svined with tlie letter G. Tliis is the device prob;ibly of Thomas Goodwyn wild purchased considerable property in the parish of Henry Hastings, Earl of Huntingdon, inclusive of the advowson. — (Pole). His arms were : argent, on a bend giiHes, three niascles argent, between two demi lions saliant sable. — (Westcote). Tliis device is also found on the parapet, Ottery S. ]\Tarv. Hcncli-Kiuls, Plymlicc and Asliwalcr. Al'.scoTT? ^Isliirntir.— A sliicld cm iiiiciif the liriich ends I'xhibits tlu' l)i)'etta oi' jiriest's ( cap, and a monogram intciuU'd pLul)ably for T. A. Perhaps in remem]>rance of one of the family of Ai'scott, who was, it may l)e presumed, Yicar of tlie pinisli ;it the time. In the pedigree of tlic family given by Westcote several iniinliers of lliis finnily apjuar tn \v.\\v been ])riests. St. ('i.khk. ('hist Hidtiii.- ( )\ci- tlic doorway of tlir lincly groined porch of this (jlinrrli is the achievemciil of Si. T'lcii', iMiincily lords of ibis jiarish liy inlii rilam- •(• Iloin I I nloh. PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 137 1. The siiii in A/.v splendour — (St. Clere) 4uaitenii>i;; '1. A tess between three iif Powderham, whose parents were lingh Courtenay and Margaret iSdlnin. This .shield is encircled by three dolphins naiant and emboired, one of the distinctive Ijadges of Courtenay, and in tlie corners are the three sickles conjoined oC llungerl(.)rd, and the wheat sheaf of Peverell, the ensigns of tlie family of tlie Prelate's mt)ther. Within the PARISH CTTUECnES OF NOHTH DEVON. 141 ^^^^y; On Chimney Piece, the Palace, Exeter. moiilcllntrs is the Tau cross and hell. The dexter drcle encloses the Bishop's arms supported by tivo swans collared and chained, the cognizance of Bohun from wlioni he was descended. Above on a scroll are the words : — '^ Honor Deo et Regi." Below on another : — " Arma Petri Exon Epi." The sinister circle contains the arms of CVnutenay impaled with D=^73 CTE On Chimney Piece, the P.nlacc, Exclcr. 142 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Himgerford, the sui^jiorters being the (jther badge of the family, two boars bristled and tusked, callared for distinction, with the label and jilates or annidets. The scroll above has the motto on the dexter side repeated, below is : — '■^ Anna Pafrls c.t AfatrisJ" The Bishop's initials P. C. and the T<(^i cross ai'e rej^eated several times. Haxkford. Minddeiijh. — In the Annery aisle of Monkleigh Church is a canopied tonil^, above is an aix-h of three cusps, surmounted by a cornice richly ornamented with \'ine traceiy and moiUdings, below, the tomlj is enriched with arcaded panels, the cover is a large slab of grey marble with the matrix of tlie l)rass remaining, but there are no arms or inscrip- tion left. This toml) is said by Westcote and Risdon to be the bui'ial place of Sir William Hankford, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, and Knight of the Bath, of Annery in this parish. Ilisdon gives a circumstantial account of this monument. " In this Church Sir William Hankford lieth honorably interred having a fxir monument erected to his memory with this inscription, inlaid In brass : — " I'Jtf larrt (IcIliUiPlmus DanUford, milrs, quontiam Capttalis 3Iu5t(rianuG Donum iacgis Oc JS.inro; qui obiit i-'m Die mcnsis Dffcmbrts U22, ciijus aninux propicictuu 3Dfu5. He is pourtraited kneeHng in his robes, together with liis own match and the match of some of his ancestors insculpt thertu>n in brass, out of the mouth of whose statue jjroceeds this pi'ayer : — " Miserere me! Dcuh secundum, vKt/jiKun rnisericordiam tuain." "Over his head is (liis : — " lieaii qui cunlinH n iil jinliciwui, el facin lU justiciam in onini lempore.'' "A linok ill his li.-iiid lialli this: — "Miserere mai JJeus secu,iulj,m maf/nam justiciavi divinam." Near nnln tlio foinuM- is Sir Iticli.-inl Ibnikroril. his .son's statue, in armour, kneeling, mi who.sc sui'coat his arms; then ihr poll rail inc of his TAETSn PTTTTRCnES OF NORTH DEVON. 143 mother on whose up])er vestments Hankford's and Stapledon's armnries are curiously cut in l)rass." This Sir Richard Hankfnid Imd a son of tlic simio name, who married Ehzabeth daus^chter of Fnlk Lord Fitzwarren, and liis daup-hter and heiress Thomazine nianiod Wilhnm Bourchier (created l.oid Fitzwarren) second son of William liovu'chiei-, Earl of Essex and I^'n, liy his wife Anne Plantagenet {he was her third husband) daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III. They, together witli their son Fulk Bourchier, Lord Fitzwarren, and grandson William Bourchier, who was created Earl of Bath in 1535, were semdchred in Bam]jton Clnn-ch ; and others of tlie Earl's descendants repose under the beautiful monuments in the Chancel of Tawstock Church. "The arms and quarterings of John Bourchier, second Earl of Bath, who died at Hengrave, Suft'olk, in 15()0, are over the priest's door in the Chancel aisle (which he probably rebuilt) of Tawstock Church, impalino- those of his Countess Eleanor, a daughter of the house of Rutland. (!)n the left lower corner of the shield appears the peacock, an emblem of eternity, and on tlie other side a swan, probably an emblem of purity, m reference to the Countess." — (Harding.) The Earldom of Bath became extinct on the death of Henry fifth Earl, Lord Privy Seal to Charles I; he died in 1654, and was buried at Tawstock. Anne Bourchier, daughter and co-heir of Edward, fom-th Earl and widow of James Cranfield, Earl of Middlesex (ob. 1652, and buried in Westminster Abbey) married secondly. Sir Cliichester Wrey of Trebigh, Cornwall, baronet, from whoni the present family are descended. Arms of Hankford — Sable, a dwcivii hari-y wavy argent and gules; FitzwaiTen — quarterly, per fess indented argent and gules ; Bourchier — argent, a cross engrailed gules, between four water bougets sdhlc. Fitzwarren*. Wantage. — The manor of Wantage, Berkshire, Ijelono-ed to the Fitzwarrens, and the parish Church, says Lysons, " was l»nilt either wholly, or in part by benefactions of the Fitzw.u-reii f mi 11 v. In tlie roof are the arms of Fitzwarren, and the royal arms ; in the iioitli aisle are Hankford fjuartei-ing Fitzwan-en, Archbishop Bourchier's arms, and Bourchier impahng Hankford. In the Chancel is an altar t miiK which has the 144 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE effigies of one of the FItz\Yarrens, with the order of the Garter, supposed to be that of Su- FiUk Fitzwarren, who has been called the Founder of the Church, but it may be observed that Sir Fvdk is known to have been buried at Whittington. Perhaps it might have been intended for Su- William Fitzwarren, Avho Avas also a Knight of the Garter, being the forty-seventh in succession from the first institution of the Order ; Sir Fulk Fitzwarren was the fifty-first. Against the wall of the north aisle is a brass of Sir Ivo Fitzwairen, descended from a younger branch of the same family, who died in 1414. This Sir Ivo attended the Earl of Bucking- ham m his expedition to the coast of France, and was with him at the siege of Nantes." The brass effigy of Su- Ivo Fitzwarren represents hun in early plate annour vAth roundels at the shoidders and elbows, hip-belt and long swoi'd. At his feet is this mscription : — "in grid rt mia Dfi, l)ic jarrt Ilia JTit^Uiarj)n miTesi qui obut Sfjrto Dif mntsts ^rptfinbrts, anno tini millo rrrrjctni, rmus ammt propirittur Ocus. :31mm." Su- John Chideock of Chideock (olx L4-2()) probably married Eleanor, a daughter of this knight. F.ffigics of FilzwarrcTi, Wantage Church. Tlie effigy nf (In- Kniglit nC tlic (!;uicr "is of ;ilabaster, liis legs arc crossed and hLs arms arc folded on liis liii>;ist ; his lady has her hands lifted in praver. Scarcely a, fivigmcn(^ remains of the arclied canopy wliicli foi-mcrly covered the tf)nilj, and the eiligies arc sadly disfigured." — (lieltou.) Colco7nhe Castl(.',—T\us vencrablr iiiin nuv be said Ici lie tlu; cradle of PARISH CHIJEOIIKS OF NOimi DKVON 145 the Cuurtt'i;ay iamily, having- hui'ii oriiriiiaUy huilt \>y liuoli dv C'ourtenay, fii-st of that name, Barou of Ukeliamptoii, abcnit the hitter jiart of the thu-teenth century. "Lord Hugh," says ClevelaiKl, "added Whitford and ColUtou to tlie inheritance of his ancestors, th,i niuioty of which he had from his uncle Wilhani de Courtoriay, wlio hil th3m witli his hidy, a daughter of Thomas Bassett, and the other moiety he purchased himself. Culcombe Castle. and he huilt a house at Colecombe in Collitoii p:irisli, and died there February 28, 1'2'.)], li)th Edward I, and was l.uried at Cdwick near Exon," great animosity existing between him and the commiuiity at Ford Abbey. His wife, daughter of Hugh de Spencer, Earl of Winchester, "lived a widow above thirty years, and governed lier Iiouse at (Jolecond^e with great j)i-udence. At length going from Kent to London she fell sick and died, 2nd Edward HI, 1 October, 1328, an I was l)uried near her hxisband at Cowick." Here also lived during his father's lifetime Hugh de Courtenay, Junior (third Ijaron of Okehampton, and second Earl of Devon of that name), who married Margaret Bohun, and whose effigies are in the (Cathedral; the deed of this nobleman (previously noticed) belonging to the Colytou Chaniber of Feoffees, being dated from Colcombe, where he doubtless then resided, in l.^iO. 146 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IX TFIK Henry Cinnteiiay, Marquis o{ Exeter, was eng:l^■ed in vebuildiiit;' the Castle, when the axe of the executioner overtook liini. Escheated to the crown, various people appear to have lived there, luitil Queen Mary restored all such lands as had nut Leen alienated to Edward, Earl Cour- tenay, who died at P;idiia. wlu'ii the interest in it of the tour heiresses of the family was jiurchased hy William Pole, Esq., of .Shute, who settled the Castle on his son t'lie famous Antiquary, and he completed the building the unfortunate Marquis of Exeter had begun, and dwelled there. It was destroyed in a Wawy during the Civil War, and subsequently turned into a farm liouse, and still remains the property of the Antiquary's descendants. The older portion of the Castle is now an interesting I'uin. In a field above the ruins is on antient well : it has an arched doorway with shields and foliage in tlie spandrils, now much denuded. A fine spring of water rises within the arched recess. Allticnl Well M C'l'lcmntic C.^^tlc. PAIJISH CIIUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 147 The tuiiil) and ftiiyy in L'ol)t.)ii Clmrrli ihniljtk'ss (•(Himiemomte a sister of the unfoi-tnnate Marquis, who pn.hably died at Colcomljc. Coiirleiiay. — Tomb ami Kffigies, Culylon Cliurch. ChuDLEIGH, — Stoi-iitox. llroiuJ-Chjsi and Aslilun. On tlio nortli and siMith faces (jf Broad-Clyst Church tower, immediately under the belfry windows, jfre shields quarterly of fmr, viz. — V 148 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE 1. Three lions mmpant — (CliucUeigli) ; 2. Three heads — (Merton) ; 3. A lion rampant — (Nonant) ; 4. As 1. This is the achievement of Sir James Cliudleigh (ob. 1457), who married secondly Joan, daughter and co-heir of Sir Richard Merton, Knt., and relict of John Bamfield of Poltimore. Over the shield is a helmet with crest thereon, a savage with a cJi(h in- his right h.and and, a bugle liorn at his girdle, standing between tiro trees. (Cliudleigh.) In corresponding situations on the east and west sides are the rojail anns, supported by a lion and dragon, and surmounted by a j>ortcullis, Ijeing those of King Henry VIII. On a shield on a capital in the nave is the date 157G. The Chudleighs became possessed of Broadclyst by the marriage of John Chudleigh (father of Sir James) with Jane daughter of Sir John Beau- champ of Ryme, whose wife was Alice daughter and co-heir of Sir Roger Nonant of Broadclyst, whose effigy, presumably, reclines in the Chancel of that Chru-ch. "The font at Ashton is an octagon, but four of the sides bear shields: — 1. Stomton ; 2. Stourton impaled with ( ■InuUeigh ; 3. Chudleigh : 4. Chud- leigh impaled with Tremaine." (OHver.) These shields display the alliances of Sir James Chudleigh, st)n of James Chudleigh and Thomasijie Kirkliam, who married, first, Margaret daughter of William Lord Stourton, liy his wife Margaret daughtei' and heiress of Sir John Chideock, Knt., in M7G; secondly, Margaret daughter ol' .bihn Tremaine and relict of Olivt'r Wise. Dorothy, daughter of Jdlm Chudleigh fourth ill iltsrciit fioin this Sii- James Chudleigh, married Sir Reginald Mohuii of (xtrnwall, and their achievement is in Lanteglos-by-Fowey Chvu-ch, iis previously noticed. William third Lord Sioiu'ton, wlm died in la'J'J, wa.s buried in (he Chapel of the Blessed Vir)>r <3iltj &trangf\uaifS, l\t, anti of LaDp 3fonf 1)15 Uiyff, tl)f fltifst naugljtfr of 3(ol)" 2;(Halil)ciin of iHfiffplDc, fsqupf u. ' In the middle of the same stone is the portraiture of a man in armour, in bnuss, and below this inscription : — " liKi'f lpftl)^))r (Silps ^trangf\iiaifS, Ii\nigi)t, \iii),i ti))fti tl)f flflifutlj Oa)) of :3[pril tn tl)f pcit of our LoiD f the west, over whose tomb these arms be placed. A coat beareth quarterly dancette, gules and ermine, (Fitz-Warin) ; another, three standing cups in triangle or; another, or, on a chief embattled gules, three leojjards faces or." Probably for Sir John Chidiock (ob. 143G) who married Eleanor daughter of Ivo Fitz-Warin, and father of Sir John Chidiock (ob. 1450) who left two daughters only, his heiresses, manned to Stourton and Staft'ord. Accoi-diug to this old historian there was another toml> of alabaster in this (Stourton-Candle) Church to the wife of Lord Edward Stourton, bi'other to the Lord William Stouitnn whose effigy is in St(nu-U)n Cluu-ch, Wilts, before described. Hutchins says there is now only a statue of alabaster witli tlit^ liands erected, veiled, and beads about her neck, in an ai'ch of the wall ; and near her is a small statue of alabaster with the head Ijroken off, at the right hand three escutcheons but the l)ra-sses gone. John Lord Stourton (ob. 1463) was created Baron Stointon by patent 20 Henry ^' I. (I44s), His scm William Lord Stourton died 1478. William third hnrd Stuuilun ilictl 15i22, and liis Sdii Charles willi lour of liis servants were hung at Salisbury in 1557, fir tlic nnuder of one Hartgill and his sun, wlmni they slew and Imricd m the ct'llar oi' Stuurtnn Castle. Lnid Stiiurtiiii was liinig witli a silken cord and lils !)od>- lunicil in St. Ma.ry's (.'hapi'l, Sidislmiv ( ',itlioili-;d. Ills tnndi li;is been rcniiixrd \i> the nave and still exists there. Tlie fine etHgy <>f a, crus;idiT, in cliiiln ni.iil, in iSridporl Cliui'cli is traditinnally said to !)■ ;i (.'liideiH^k. PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 153 Old Shale House. — It is doulitl'ul if any ]iurti()ii nf the iUitieiit nuuisioii of the " Bonvilles now remains. The parts <.f the ^M hmise at present existing, consist of the gateway, antl oiu wniii' lars ((lyeiif, ni cliH'f three pilules [\'\er (Walrond ':). Sinister escutcheon : — Wynard, impaling, azure, a bend engrailed, arr/ent, cotized or (Fortescue). Beville or Beavile had representatives located Ixith in i)ev(.)n and (Jorn- wall. The heiresses of the Cornish branch maivied Arundel and GrenviUe about 1500; and that " Mirrour ui' Knightood," Sir Beville Grenville appears to have acquired the prefix to his patronymic from them. John Beville was Sheriff of Devon G Henry IV, 1403. In the Chancel of Clyst St. George Church is an antient shield of glass displayuig the arms of John Wynard, anjent, on a bend azure, three mullets aryent. " This shield " says the Bev. H. T. Ellacombe, " in the old east window iiJled one of the openings in the head tracery, and from a few- fragments of glass in which it was promiscuously worked up, it can be made dut most satisfactorily that this memorial window was set up by John Wynard and Isabella liis wife, and it appears from the feoftinent deeds of the " God's House" in Exeter, that William Wynard, (Recorder 1404), the pious Founder thereof in 1409, was the son of the said John and Isabella. In a deed dated at Clyst St. George 13.98, the name ria fartum est (El)oma C!)arli abb." It was Bishop Chard who officiated for Bishop Veysey of Exeter at the splendid obsequies of Katherine Courtenay, daughtci- oC Mdw.nd IV, and widow of William Courtenay Earl of Devon, burird ,il 'I'ivcrton in 1527. He Wii-s doubtless chosen fa- tliis nlllrc us licing I lie head of the Monastery of Ford, of which rrligious rouudalion tlic (,'ourLcnays had always been the great jKitrons :iiid Ijcnefactors. PAEISII CHURCHES OF NOETH DEVON. 159 In addition to the muiiiticeut i-estoratinii ot's c<:i/> ; 2 and 3, of similar chanicter. On the middle course : — 2. Monoorrara and iusiy-uia of Abbot Chard ; L and 3, of similar character but without the mitre. On the lower course, over the gateway arch : — Panel 1. — On sliield in central lozenge a lion raiiipant (De Redvers) ; aiiMiiid ; 1, Do Redvers ; 2. Blank; 3. Jiarnj of jive, apparently checquy; 4. lin/ri/, cl/t'vqxi/ ami plain (De Brionis or De Sap, Bamn t^' ( ):iklia!npton). The Ijearings and marslialling of these arms appear to refer to the descent of the Baron v of Oakliampton to Robert de Courtenay (ob. 1242), who married Mary < laughter of WiUiam de Redvers or Vernon, Earl of Devon, througli which alha,ncc liis po.sterity afterward in tlie person of Hugh de Courtenay (oK 1340) were raised to that distingui.shed title. The arms of Robert de Courtenay, as inuud ou his .seal, aro described by I'mIc as bearing, /larli/ per pale, cheC(jinj llif first side, the other 2>hiiii, over nil tin, hars. being very similar to those over the gateway, iind were il mKt Irs-; aliuli'l hy liiin in right of" liis wife descending through De Kedvers (Vom |)r IJiionis. Ilnhcrt di' ('oui'lrnay was Imu-IimI in tlio Conventual ('liunli as previously (lcscrii)rd. Panel 2.— The sliieM in tlie eeiiiial lozeng(^ is divided ([uarterly but PARISH CHURCflES OF NORTH DEVON. 161 blank (prob:iV)ly iinfinislied) ; it is encircled l)y the giirter with motto. Aroiuid : I and 2, hlaiik ; :i, .- Jii central lozenge, sliirM (juaiicrly of Inur, ('ouilcnay and Dc PcdvfTs, surrouniled hy liiu garter witli motto. Arovuid PARISH CnURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 163 four sliields — 1, Ecujle on the sticks (Courteuay) ; '2, a dot plan (Courtenay) ; 3, a hoar (Courtenay) ; 4, a swan (Bohun). Cloisters, Ford Abbey. Panel 3.— In the central lozenge, on the top a Bishops mitre, below an Abbot's caj) ; on the left side a stag's head impaled by a Bishopis piastoral staff' or crozier; on the right an Abbot's staff intcrttrined with a label with " Tho: Chauu" inscribed on it. Around, four shields— 1 and 2, " CC." ; 3, an Abbot's staff'; 4, a BisJwj)s crozier. In the spandrils — 1, *' dL.C." ; 2, "I- ." Over Avdndow five, four shields — 1 and 2, Devices of Abbot Chard; 3, Paly of three ( ?) ; 4, '"^.Ic/." and BisJiop's crozier (John Veysey, Bishop of Exeter). In the simndrils, " ^.C." Over window six, four shields with devices of Abbot Chard. In the spandrils — 1, " E.l. {'■)"; 2, Two staves of office and letter ^. The last shield is probably for (Sub-Prior) John Stone, who perhaps held two offices. Cloisters, Ford Abbey. 164 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Over window seven, fimr .shields — 1 and 2, arms and crest of" Paulet ; 3, Device of Abbot Chard; 4, "E. CQ." (Prior William Rede, or for Richard Were an officer of the Abbey). In the span- drils— 1, " or. C." ; 2, " JL. ^." ( ?) Over window eight, and in the spandrils — six shields all charged with the devices of Abbot Chard. (>)i the sijnth end. — The device of Abbot Chard, and the portcullis. (Beaufort). The sliield and badges of Conrtenay on the central panel over window four of cloister, probably refer to William Courtenay, Earl of Devon, who married the Princess Katharine daughter of King Edward the 4th, who were livhig at the time Abbot Chard presided over the community at Ford, wliose arms similarly emblazoned are found in Tiverton Church, where the Princess was buried in a. chapel she had constructed ; Abbot Cliard conducting the magnificent obsequies observed at her interment. '■^h. Koru Abbey. 1,1 tlic |M,ivli Is a, cuibcl with a shield chaigvd with ////re lions or leopards hmds (tjjrontce. This pnihnlily .-aim' IVdii the Conventual Church. On a shield, on a boss nf thr lu..!' nf the great h;ill. are (he arms of Ue Clare. TAEISII OnURCnES OF NORTH DEVON. 165 "There is given "Unto tlie tilings of eailli, wliicli Time hatli bent, A spirit's feeling, and where ho hath leant His hand, but broke his scythe, there is a power And magic in the ruined battlement. For which the palace of the present hour Must yield its poni]i, and wait 'till ages are its dower."— Byron. PoMEROY. Bernj-Pomeroy. — On the north side of tlie Chancel, in the Foiinder's place, is a liigh tomb of rich character. The canopy consists of a depressed arch groined within, and above is :i string coiirse of vine foliage, finishing with a Tudor flower cresting. The tomb is covered with a slab of dark mai-lile, and below, it is ornamented with a number of quatrefoil panels, the upper series having in their centres, shields displaying the emblems and mstruments of the Crucifixion. At the back of the arch lire the indents of four kneeling figures with labels proceedmg from their mouths, above these are four shields and fjur children, but all the l)rasses have disappeared, together \\'\t\\ the border fillet tliat originally ran round the verge of the cover-stone. On the left are the arms of Pomeroy, sculptured tn\ a shield, (or), a lion ramjxint (gules) within a hordure indented (saUe) ; on the right Pomeroy impahng Denzell of Filleiwh, (sable) a mullet ivithin the liorns of a crescent, (anient). Oil Tomb. Ilcrry Pomeroy. This is tliu munuuiunt (jf Sir Richard Pomeroy, Knt., wh(j married Eliza- beth daughter and heiress of Richard Denzell of Filleigh, and widow of Martin Foitescue, who had issue Sir Edward, created Knij^ht f)f the Bath at the creation of Henry (afterward King Henry VHI) Prince of Wales, who mairied Jane daughter of Sir John Sapcots. In the east window of the north aislo are the arms of Pomeroy, impiding, liidegh, (jules, a bend lozewjy an/ent ; Pomeroy alone, and voire, a chief (jides (Beuumont ?) These anns prubalJy relate to Si)- Henry 166 sephlcheal effigies in the Pomeroy, fatlier of Sii- Iticlmrd, ^\hv married first, Alice daughter of Waltei* Ralegh of Fardel, and secondly, Amy Camel. Many other coats (given in Westcote) fonnerly had their places in the mndows of this Chvu'ch. In the south porch, which is handsomely groined, on the bosses ai-e the arms of Pomeroy, and tiro jisJi naiant, also two human heads, male and female. The male has a coronet, is of lai'ge si^e, with considerable force in the lineaments, and probably rej^resents Edwai-d IV. The female has on a coverchief, and may represent the Queen. Su- Richard Pomeroy was Sheriff of Devon 14 Edward IV (1475), and died 16 Hemy VIII (1501). (Pole). A notewoilhy circumstance connected with this Church is found on the capitals of the pillars on the noi-them ai'cade. On scrolls inserted among the foliage appear the names of those, who, doubtless contributed largely toward the rebuilding this part of the edifice. The following is a transcript as near as possible : — 1. iSailfi Cailrr, 3?(0iu5 wx : ei: 2. Eiraiti; ^JDcmDo: ^lijn : ujr: ej: 3. iRirl)aitio ^Uiaii, 3l)'S u.v: f|: Cmuaiti: Lanr, ^ol^an uy: ej: 4. 3cl)f5. ©otircggf, l^all)rl•: uj:: ff: 5. 3ol)r5 (Potifi-og: ;i^-labfl \ix: fi: 3Jol)fS Lftor, 2l))5 ux: fi:" c. €t pro omnibus bnif fartonbus Ijuius open's orate. Goodridge appears to have been a Totnes family, their arms, argent, a fess Kohlc, arid iti cliirf tlrce crossh'tn ftchec of the second. Crest, a hldcl-hird projicr. (I'ole). On Tcmb, Tolne» Church. Smyth. Totnes. — In the Founder's place in the south aisle is a high tomb, with ogee ai'ch and canopy over, supported by einbatllcd luittresses with |iiiiii:irl('s. l>cl(iw ;ir(' piiiicis and sliiclds on which are sculptured llir iiiitiiils \V. S. iiiid the sacred monogi-aiu. ( )n I lie arch over and across the talilo of tlu^ tniiib is tills iiiscriiitidVi : — TAEISH CnUECHES OF NOETH DEVON. 16T i;)frf Ipftl) CClaltrr ^mj'tl) Uil)a Dtrti iljr lutj tia)) cf Bolitb: tljc ).>cic of oUuf LoiD mlilli on i)0Ui : soul ini;il (if liis successor in the bene- licr :i liiiii(b-ed years afterward. .Tdlm Wilkins (ob. I'i'i?) llic l'ui'il;ni Aliiiis(c^|(ir llic ( 'nininonwoalth, with liis (|iiini( ciiil i|>li: — PAEISH CHUECTTKS OF NoL'TII DEVON. 169 Svch pillars layde aside How can the Church abid. Uee left his pvlpit hee In Patmos God tu see This shining lir/ht ain have No place to preach hrtx i/rave. Thf relnis luul Initials of the Yifur are on tlie screen. Canon Brei'ewood ami ^Vl)l)ot Chard were contenipoi-aries, and there is great similarity ot' treatment in the aisle at Awliscombe, and the side aisles oi' the Chancel at Colytoi], both as regards the tracery in the windows and the carviii"- on the capitals of" the pillars, ohserv- able in both structures. Skreen, Colytoii Church. 170 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Payhenibunj. — On the south window of the Chancel, in the spandrils of the arch, are, on the one side, the initials " T.C." knotted together b}' a cordon with tassels, and over them a canonical cap ; on the other, a pastoral staff and letter C. Perh-aps for Thomas Chard, Abbot of Ford, "the manor of Tale in this parish belonged to Ford Abbey, having been given to that monastery by Joscelyn de Pomeray. The Church of Pay- hembury was appropriated to the Abbey of Ford." (Lysons.) The Bourchier knot is on the screen, and on a capital of the north aisle are four shields: — -1. Courtenay ; 2. Ferrers; 3. Mdherba; i. . At the end are the arms of Willoughby — 1 and 3, a cros-t enijraiJed ; 2 and 4, a cross nwUne, a crescent for difference. This Henry was ])robably a brother or son of Richard Willoughby of MoUand, (ob. 1602), who pui-- chased La Hill in Payhembury. John Willoughby, son of Ivicliani (ob. 1650) purchased the manor of Seaton and its Rectory of John Frye of Wycroft, 3 and 1 Pliilip and Mary; through Willoughby it came to Trevelyan. The old tomb at Southleigh has recently been restored l)y the representative of the Willoughbys, Sir W. C. Trevelyan, Bart. Waijiia.m. lii'iri', /iranscoinhe, 1/ minster, Catlwrston. — On tlic liandsonio bench ends found In this Church (Rewe) are two sliiclds ; on the first: — > ], a chevron, iv chief, a rose between tiro .v^ff/.v' horns [cwHt of Wadham) ini|i:iling, 2, ron between three roses (Wudhani), impaliiig, "J, tii\> a'iiKjs in lure. (Seymour). Bench Ends Kewc. Third in descent from Sir Jolin Wadham of Edge, Branscombe, the antient seat of this family, was Sir WilUam Wadham (ob. 1452). He vas presumably the first of the Wadhams that was also of Merrifield, llminster, and it is probably to him and his mother, that the fine brass effigies of a knight and a lady, on a large high tomb in the transept in llminster Church, were erected. He is there represented as habited in a very early suit of complete plate armour (almost identical in appointment with that worn by Thomas de Mohuu at Lanteglos), the lady in cover- cliief and long robes. Of the inscription only a portion now remains : — simul CUIUS CLctUUmo anatiljm filto enUr m qui ablit . . .Die mciisis . . afio Oni millma ccfc ... a qui qiuDrm ([(Iltllms. The dates were never cut in, but the rose tlie badge of the family is placed between eacli word. 'J'here is a fine embattled canojiy over the figures, and a rhyming Latin inserl]iti(in at their feet. This William WatUiam married Margaret daughtei- ami lieiress of .lohn Chiselden of Holcombe Rogus, wlio held the manor of liewe, and sliu brought it to Wadham. The first shield appears to relate to this alliance. John, grandson of Sir \\'iHi;iiii, married first, Elizabeth daughter of Hugh Stukely of Affeton, West-Worlington, and secondly, Margaret sister of Sir John Seymour of Somerset. The second shield evidently refers to this second alliance of John Wadhiim and Margaret Seymoui-. John Wadh;uTi, gi-andson of this John, man-ied .loan daughter of .John Tregarthin of Cornwall, and wiih.w of John Keleway of Cullomj)ton. They were of Edge, P>i-anseonil)e. and .Mcniticld, llminster, and slie i 172 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Efligics of Wadham, Um'mstcr CImrcli, tirca m45- buried in Braiiscombe Chiircli, wIkm-c tlioi-e is a mominicnt to her memory, on wliicli iirc tlic siuiill kni'C'lini,^ etlij^ncs of luM-srlf, l)etAveeu her two husljcUids, John Wiidham in .irmour, witli lulV, s|>uis and sword, .nid .Idliii Keleway in academic costume. Behind the hnsliands ;irc the twenty s'liildicn shi' l)o:c ihcni, fourteen iiy lu-r lirst. .-nid six l)y her second. Above arc; three shields, tlic lirst, Kelewiiy ipLnterly ol' I'onr, imj)aliii;f Trej,';ni liin, (|u;n(crly oi" six; the second, a h)zenge quarterly of six for Trefjarthih : ih^ ihird, dexter i|u;nlei-|y ol' nine, foi- Wndh.nn idhed PAEISn CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 173 with Chiseldeii, Pnphain, Speke, Heale, and four ntluTs, iinpalini^s iiuarterly of six, foi" Treo-avthin. Tlie inscription, now obliterated, is thus given in Prince : — Here lieth intombcd the bodij of a virtuous and antteiit i/eritleiuoman descended of t!ie aiitient house of the Pkmtwjenets, sometime of OomwaU, namely, Joan, one of the daughters and lieirs unto John Tre(jarthin in the County of Cornwall, Esq. She tvas first married unto John Kelleway, Esq., loho hcul by her much issue, after his dearth she was married to John Wadham of Meryfield in the County of Somerset, Esq., and by him hud (six) children. She lived a virtuous and godly life, and died in an honourable a- of Dorotbie (laa^Jbam, tuiDoUi, tl)c Unfc of XtJicbolas caabbam, esq; J^ounbiTSSr of COab^ 174 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE \)m\ (CoUfticjr m OrforDr, Uiljo Otcti tijr icti) iVlay, iGis, in ti)e pfcir of l)cr tig;c 84. Above them is a sliield exhibiting the anus of Wadham and his aUiances, (as at Branscombe), and at their feet, Wadham impaling Peti-e. A long laudatory Latin epitaph is also added, and another inscription, stating that the monument was restored l)y Tlii>mas Strangeways and Sir Edward Wyndham, descendants of the two sisters and heirs of Nicholas Wadham. Another branch of Wadham, descending fi-al) rest in jiesc. The two shields of arms are gone A very curious cii'cumstance, connected with the bench ends at Tlewe, relates to an inscription found on two of them, reading ai)parently : — iSrorgf vV 3om CoU)tn.— , tiro lions erect and combatant ( ■?) ; 7, a hend sable, chargcl with three bears heads crazed (Fitz-ourse) ; 8, foar arrows or bird- holts (Boson). Foniierly the obtuse arch in the wdll of the north aisle may have contained an effigy of one of the Fulford family, l:)ut we have no means of illustrating its liLstoiy." (Oliver). The shields on the font relate to several alliances in the descent of Fvdford. Henry Fulford (temp, Edward TIT) mnrried Wilhelma daughter and heir of John Langdon, co-heir of Fitzurse of Williton, Somerset. Baldwin Fulford, his son (Sheriff of Devon 1460, Knight of the Sei)ulchre, and Under Admiral to TTolIand, Duke of Exeter, High Admiral of England), maiTied Elizabeth daughter of John Bozome of Bozomezeal of Ditti.sham by Rosamond daughter and heu' of Jolm St. George of Lapford, Esq. Thomas Fulford his son married Philippa daughter of Sir Philip Courtenay of Powderham (ob. 1463) by Elizabeth daughter of Walter Lord Hunger- ford. He probably erected the font. In the ambulatory behind the hiijh altar in Exeter Ci.thedral is a flat stone, with this inscription : — l^ic lacft iHagi's: 3fol)fS /ulfortir, filtiis 53altiUiint 'JTulfortif milit: 1)11]: €ccliir iRfStti: 3rUcl)i. Cotton ricintir Cormib: ultt. qur obiit 12 Utr 3iinui, 2.'D. .rlv.rimi rui. aicc pioptttftiir Dfus. This Canon Fulford was brother to Thorn is last mentioned. Coffin. Ileanton-Punclmrdon. — In the Chancel is a high tomb, and over it a rich canopy, the arch moulded and deeply cusped, with roses on the bosse.s ; on the spandrils are the initials R.C. and above a cjrnic^ of vine traceiy, over whicli is an angel supporting the arms of Coffin, (aznre) 176 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE anisuly, three bezants. Belo\^^ is a double ioav of quatrefoils, in the centres of the upper row are shields a houvhe, of the under, roses. The ledger line inscription has disappeared. On Coffin Tonib. Heanton Punchardon. Probably for Richard Cottin, Esq., Sheriff of Devon, 2 Henry YlII (1494), who married a daughter (Wilmote or Ann) of Sir liiehard Chudleigh, Knt. William, yc>unger Ijrother of Richard, according to Prince, "married the Lady Mannors of Darbyshire, and was chosen Knight of that Shire in the Parliament that began 21 King Henry VIII, 1529 ; he died at Standon about the year of our Lord 1538, and lyeth interred in that parish Church, under a flat stone, on which was sometime found this inscription : — Here lieth Sir William Cofhn, Knight, sometime of the Privy Chamber to Kinfj Henivj the Eighth, and ^faster of the Horse to the Queen, High Steward of tJie Liberty and Mannor of Standon, who died VIII of December, MCCCCCXXX VIII. Portledge, the antient seat of the C!otKus, is situate in Alwington, and in the Cluirch are memorials for later nu>ml)er.s lA' the I'auiilv liichard Coffin, Esq., IC)|7, with half-lengtii effigies of tlu^ deceased and his wife the daughter n|' lAonaid Lovis of Cornwall; Katharine, daughter of Coffin and wife of William iluckin, I (US; l>ridget, relict of Charles Kt'llaiid, Esq., and daughter of Coffin, ICi*?; Richard Coffin, Esq., I ('.99; John Coffin, Esq., 1703; Richard Coffin, J7(>(>; Anji, relict of Richard Coffin, E.sq., and daughter n|' I'lideau.x, 1705. (Lysons). Staui!E. Jh'cr. — 'I'hc rclnis of this family, a sfnr radiated of mairi/ points, III coiijunctiun with tin- initials ,I.S., occurs un the chimncN' and iron •work of thei)' antient dwelling, a 'I'udnr farni Imusc with some good features, that stands at the nortli ind <iifj period, in tlie presence of a select, iiHseinhliige, in tlie I'arisli Cinircli nf Snllnii ( 'ulillicld. 'i'lu' pirliile \v;is ii \\(j ia\ nig I'AlUSIl CIirEC'IJES OF KOETH DEVON. 17» native of Sutton, luniufj ln'en born in ;i little stone-lmilt tana house, still known as Stone House l^'aini. and situated near to Moor Hall, the icsidencc of ^Ir. Sampson S. j.loyd, MA'. The bishop's name originally was John Ilannan, but he seems early to have also borne that of Vesey, liaving, it is eonjeetured, been in some way connected with the old Norman de Vescis. In 1482 he went to Mag- dalen College, Oxford, where he speedily displayed profound scholarship and considerable ability, and witii ihe aid and influence of Cardinal Wolsey, countenanced, no dmibt, also by Henry ^ll, and afterwards by Henry VIII, lie ultimately became Bishop of Exeter. In this capacity he obtained even greater favovu- with the last-named monarch, was entrusted with many delicate and important embassies, and was also appointed tutor to the Princess Mary, afterwards (^ueen JNIary. Throughout his prosperity the bishop was mindful of his early home in the comparatively obscure ■Warwickshire town, and during his life he was a most zealous and devoted friend towards Sutton Coldtield. Availing himself of his favour with King Henry VIII, be besought a benefit for his native place, and the King gave him Sutton Park,. which had long previously been a royal chase, and other lands or funds, with which the prelate founded the Grammar School of Sutton Coldfield. A royal charter was also obtained from Henry endowing the " Warden and Society," commonly called the Corporation of Sutton Coldfield. This body, it may be in- teresting to know, consists of a warden, two "capital burgesses," and twenty-two otlier corporate members. The warden, who is chosen annually, and the capital l)urgesses. who are elected for life by the Corporation from their own body, are justices of the peace by virtue of their office, and the warden officiates as coroner for the town, manor, and lordship of Sutton. The Corporation are also lords of the manor, and elect the lord high stewards and park-keepers. The high steward appoints his deputy, who must be a lawyer, and presides at the Courts Leet and Baron. The inhabitants of Sutton are freemen, and eligible for election to the Corporation by virtue of their residence ; and, under their charter, which was con- firmed by a subsequent one in the reign of Cliarles II, they were empowered to hold courts of " Oyer and Terminer," but the exercise of this power we know fell into disuse, and gradually became merged into the ordinary Courts of Assize, the Corporation paying on this account a quota towards the county rate. Bishop Vesey, who Hourislied just before the Keformation, was in manv respects a remarkable man, of enlightened views, and very tar in advance of the time in which he lived. He was by no means entirely in accord with the old Church, and sufficient occurred to show that it would be no very rash conjecture to suppose that it his lot had been chanced to be cast some thirty years later, he might have embraced the Keformed doctrines. Ipon the death of Henry \'1II, the bishop's fortunes seemed ior the moment somewhat clouded, but he continued iu his See t 180 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE for some three years afterwards. He resigued the bisliopric, liowever, in 1.5o0, and Dr. Coverdale was appointed in his stead. On the death of King Edward, and the consequent accession of 3Iary to the tliroue, Bishop Coverdale deemed it prudent to escape to Geneva, and Vesey once more returned to his bishopric, having, as his infirmities increased, a coadjutor in Dr. iNIoreman. Bishop Vesey had now grown old and feeble, and he passed most of his time in Sutton Coldfield, wliere he died in 1555, at the advanced age it is said, of 103 years, although it is also asserted ty others that he was " only " 93. During his life Bishop Vesey rebuilt the old Church of Sutton, which is dedi- cated to the Holy Trinity, having originally been built, it is supposed, as early as the thirteenth century. At his death the aged prelate found a resting-place in the chancel of the sacred Vmilding, and a very beautiful moimmeut was erected over the grave. It consisted of a recumbent figure of the deceased prelate in liis robes, bis sacred office being further indicated by the mitre on his head and the crozier in bis hand. Over the monument was placed tlie following inscription: — Beneath, lie. the reimuns of that pious and learned jirelafe late John Hernian-aV.^-Ve.'ieii, tvho tuas promoted by King Henn/ VII f, in the IMli, year of his reyjv, to the nee of Exeter — tuas employed by him on sundry embassies; ivas tutor to his then only daughter, the Lady Mary, and President of Wales. So great was his affection for fliis his iiative place, yt he spared neither costs nor pains to improve it and mahe it flo'wrislt. He procured it to be incorporated by the name of a Warden and Society of the King's Town of Sutton Coldfield, granting lo them and their successors for ever, the Chase, Park, and Manor. He built two isles to ye Church and an organ; erected ye Mont I fall with a prison under it, and a, market place, fifty-one stone houses, tvjo stone bridges (one at Cwrdworth and one at Waterorton) paved ye vjhole town, gave a meadow to poor tuidoivs, and for the im- provement of youth founded arul endowed a Free Grammar School which was rebuilt 1728. He built Moor H John Leveson; and Agnes their younger datighter, married to William Gibons; which. Win. Harnum died the last day of May^ 10 A'. IV., and the said Joatt. died Sth of March, H. Vlfh anil the year 1.523. And at the foot of the three effigies, on a tomb : — Orate pi'o anima of Hugh Harman, aluts Vesey, brother and heir of John Bishop of Exeter, which Ihtgh died 24:th day of November, 1528, and in the \Aih 11. VIII. His first wife was Hannah, daughter of Hmnphri Golson, by u'horn he hatl two daughter's, Joyce, the elder, and Eliz., the younger. His second wife was Joyce daughter of Williarn Rugeley, by whom he had, two sons, viz., .John and Wm., and four daughters, Joan, Eleanor, Margaret and Dorothy. Eecently the Church has been undergoing a complete restoration. In the course of this work it was thought desirable to restore the ancient monument of Bishop Vesey, and ultimately it was resolved that this should be done. The monument, as our readers are aware, li;id been placed in a niche near the door at the north-western corner of the chancel, and it was at first intended simply to restore it without removing it from its position. It was thought, how- ever, that the wall was not in a safe state, and it was therefore resolved to build up the niche, removing the monument to what was believed to have been its original position. This being agreed to, it was considered that the occasion would be a fitting one for deciding, as far as possible, the question which has been some- times raised by anticjuarians as to whether or not the liishop's remains had really been interred underneath the stone, for this would, of course, enable those carrying out the work to decide if they coidd remove the nioiuunont to a more convenient position. The tomb was accordingly opened, as we liave said, on Wednesday morning last, the most reverential respect, we need hardly say, being shown to the memory of the distinguished prelate. The following persons had tlu; ])rivilegc of being present to witness the interesting proceedings; — The Rev. Montagu Webster, .M.A., Warden of 8utton Coldfield ; the Rev. ^^'. K. K. Bedford, ,M.A., the rector of the parish, and otliers. The toml) was found to be in the sandstone, 2ft. Cin. deep, 2 tt. Gin wide, and 182 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IX THE 6 ft. fi in. long, and it was covereil by a very massive slab of alabaster, and two oak bearers, but the latter were found to be completely decayed. In tlie extreme north-westerly comer of the tomb lay tlie upper part of the skull of what had apparently been a very full, round head, but the lower part was completely gone. In the extreme south-east corner was found the imder jaw bone, witli only two teeth in it, and these shewing evidence of extreme age. It was the opinion of those who examined this that the other teeth had been lost very long before death, for all the cavities were filled, and the jaw was as nearly as possible solid, In the bottom of the tomb there was a depth of two or three inches of mould, and as there were fragments of bone in it, it was carefully sifted through a tine riddle, when several large pieces of bone were found. These consisted of about two-thirds of a thigh-bone, part of an arm-bone, &c. No episcopal vestments, no ring or staff, nor any of the other persona,! adornments which in those days were usually buried with the bodies of distinguished persons were found in the tomb ; and, indeed, it was (|uite evident that this was not the first occasion on which it liad teen opened. There was no trace even of a lead coffin, and the oak cofiin in which the liodv had lieen enclosed was completely decayed. Effigy of Bishop Veysey, Sutlon-CoMfield. It is thought by some that this recumbent effigy of the Bishop ov(;r the tomb is not of the date of the prelate's death, but in all probability had been placed there at a time when it is surmised the toiub liad been previously opened, probably a little over a century ago. There is, we may state, a ruuuiur, wliich competent authorities regard as l)cing well founded, ti) tlie effect tliat when tlie tomb was opened on the former occasion the form of the deceased prelate wag distinctly traceable, hut that wlien exposed to the air the remains crumbled to dust, and the recumbent figure now in the chancel was made to imitate as nearly as possible the form as it then appeared. All the remains of the prolate were carefully ollcclcd and placed in an earthen vase, accompanied with a bottle containing a parchment bearing the following inscription -"This writing is to commeraoiat(! the fact tint on the 25th day of August, A.D. 1875, the vaidt wherein the remains ri| I liiMocit'iiid uiairicd Sii- I'liillp Couilenay of Powderliaiii (ob. 14(53), ^pZ^ \P iVwdcrlinm t inirr h. A.]). i4«5. TARISn CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 185 which alliance is CDinmemorated on the [lillurs of tlie (/hiiixli there. In this Chaj)el at 8aHsl)ury, also was liuiled his gnindson Robert L ir^l Hungeiford, who was ta,ken [trisoner at the l)attle of llexhani, and beheaded at Newcastle, 3rd Edward IV, 14G4. Robei-t Lnnl Iluii^iMloid, his son (ob. 14.59), was [buried in the nortli choir aisU\ hut thc^ eltiiry has now been removed to the nave. Sir Philip Courtenay of Powderham, second of that name, who married Elizabeth, Roliert Lord 1 lunge rford's sister, had with her in maniage the mtuior of Molland-Bottreaux, which manor Lord Hungerford acquired by mairiage with Margaret, the daughter of William Lord Bottreaux. He giive it to his second son Sir Phihp for his portion, and his st)n John held it after him, and w;is buried in MoUand Church with tliis inscription on his grave: — "Hie jacet Johannes Courtenay, armige-r, qui oh'dt 27 ; ntiapaid. "From Widworthy," says West- Shidd of Knight, , . , , ,. -1 ,1 ^^-^•^l■ Widworthy. Church. pQ^j-g^ «'jj^ kuiglitly lannlv took name. William de Widworthy was in King Edward I days. By Alice daughter and lieir of Su- Huo-h de Widworthy, Knt., and his wife, daughter and co-heir of Sii' WiUiain Keigney, Knt., it descended to iSir William Prouz, Knt., and then by Alice daughter and sole heir of Sir Hugh (his third son) to Meoles; and by a writ of partition in I7th Edward III (1344) between his tlu-ee daughters and heii'S, it came to John Northcot, and so it fell to Heniy Wotton, and Alice, heii- of that line, gave it by her marriage to Cliichester (of Ralegh) and he to a younger son, whose issue now enjoys it." Pole assigns the anns of Prouz with tlte field cnimhj, to Prouz of Gatcombe and Widworthy, and the same bearings tt) Wotton of Widworthy. " ilichard Prouz, second son of Sir William, had issue Jolin, who died sans issue, and 'I'lioinaziin' inanicd to John (Jhudleigh, on whom her brother settled Ashton, in wliicli n.nne it is now." (Westcote.) The arms of Chudleigh are ertiiiiie. three fions rainjHiiit yules. Over the west doorway in tlie tower of Widwoitliy i« a, panel on which are scidptiu'ed some hgures, and three shields suspended by guiges, but both figures and shields are so denuded as to !)(> underiphcralile. On a flat stfjue near the altar are tlic arms of ( 'liicln'sU'r, and Jjunuituru'iu J u hat I. It its Chichcater (iniiin Sii- luginald's is a shield displaying tlie maunch, artd hand linldiun '^"' Jli'iii'-de-li/s, and aioiind it, "SlCIbb ; KEOIN.VLDI hi". MOVN;" on Sir .Inlm's. (uli.> nlini|uislu'd liis ancestor's device and adoiilcd /Ac n-nss fii;/r"ili^;*iS^ Newciihani Ahhey. The desecration of the Abbey is now complete, scarcely a vestige of the antient building remains, and an orchard occupies the site of the Abbey Church. No more are found their tombs of costly art, Where still the gold clinos to the crumbling stone, Nor legend, shield, nor etfigy impart, The classic fame, of historied ages flown. The hand of time a weird dark stillness throws O'er pomp and pageantry at joust or tomb, The herald's note is (himb, nor longer glows The armoried tabard in the gathered gloom. The priest is mute, the choristers are gone. No funeral rite is said, nor requiem sung, No votive wreath upon the shrine is hung, No flowers upon the Founder's tomb aie flung. 192 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE The architectui-e of the pile was Early English, and twenty-six Abbots presided over the foundation in succession, ending with Abbot Richard Gyll, wlio surrendered his Monastery 9th Marcli, 1538. Corbes Wolborough Church. Wolborou^jh. — In the south aisle in the Founder's place is a depressed momumental arch, tlie sculptured keystone and corliels defaced, and the underlying tomlj or tlat stone removed. On the arcli is this inscription: 0tm jj aia UXiW. 35 erat lij W :3[iisusti m.n.Auti. ruj. aia ppttft. Or. On a stone in the P'able outside is incised : — 91. C^. m.li.vAij. On shields, on corbels supporting two of the window labels of the aisles, is sculptured the mono- gram, J. T., and the same device occurs painted on a shield in a window of the south aisle. In one of the south windows of the Chancel is : — (Drate pi*o nmiubus brnffartontius qui istam fnifitram lutran frrfrunt. In a window of th.^ north aisle are three shields of considerable interest, commemorative of Conrtenay. I, Azure, a IicikJ i>i\ h lnhi-J o/' three gules (Carminow), iiii]>;iling Oouiteuay, irith Jnhcl (uuJ nine j)l(if('s flic.reon, — for Sir Hugh Courtenay of Ash water, who perished at Tewkesbury, and his wife Margfaret Carminow ; the ninrsli;illiiig licic is the same as on the toml) at Ashwatei', Carminow on the de.xter side. 2, Barrii of six, vaire and {/ides (Beaumt daughter of Sir John Beau- mont of Shirwoll. 3, Qi/'nicr///, nn/i'iif dud s-Nympton Church is an altar tomb, ornamented 194 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE ■with quatrefoils, under a depressed arch, erected probably for Su- Lewis Pollard, but there is no inscription, and the aims are obliterated. Eisdon, speaking of this monument, says : " In jST^anet Chm'ch, Judge Pollard lieth honoui'ably interred, having a monument erected to his memory, a •wuidow of -which Clnu-ch whereunto he was a benefactor, sheweth his name, marriage, office, and issue, with his effigies and his lady's figured faii-ly in glass, he having ten sons on the one side, and she so many daughters on the other, a fair ofispriiig, Avitli this inscription : — Orate pru bono statu Ludovicl Pollard, militia, uniiis justiciar : domini regis de Banco, et Eliz : uxor: ejus, qui istam fenestrarn fieri fecerunt. Prince says he Avas descended fiom the Pollards of Horwood and S. Giles, and that he married Arpies daughter of Thomas Hext of Staverton, Totnes, but this would be contradicting Risdon. " This reverend judge," he continues, "havinsr lived to a o-reat aee, and Vjeingf also fidl nf honours as of days, w^as himself at length cast by the unrepealable statute of death in the year of our Loi'd 1540, and lieth biu-ied in the Chuix-h of Kmgs-Nympton." In Horwooil Church are the following inscriptions to later descendants of the Pollard family: — Here iyeih Aullionij Pollard of Homiood Esqidre, who deceased the l(i daij of June Anno. Dni. 1587. Arms: — a cJierruji hetivcca three innllcfs. Here lyetlt Johan Pollard the wjiffe of Anthony Pollard of Honvood Esquire, and datufhler of Lcivis Stucley of Afton Esquire, she dece(i,seA the 27 day of Fcljruary Anno. Dom: L'!)!). Anns: — Pollard, Impaling, tln-ce peari^ pendant {Stucley of Affeton). Here rest the bodies of Arthur Polla.rd of this parish Esquier, and Johane his wife, he ivas buried ye \Oth ■ of October, 1033 ; she ye 3n< Jane 1C22. Requiescant in Pace. Here lyelh i^Sarah tin; dauyhter iiirif5 Ifligje quontam Bfrtor Ijujus €frlfGUT, ft (LlKsaur lir CriDtton, riiiiis ammp parrat 3?fuG. 2mm. Yakdk. Hujltu'etk and Xeictuu. Baslwl. — On the font at High week are shields displaying the following arms : — 1. -1 cJiecfun between three water Ixmi/ets (Yarde) ; 2, three hii-]ia"cd bosses, i'Ai;i.sii ciilj;liiks of nohtii deyon. 197 Chancel Window Ncwtoii-Bushel. the irad'r boitijct ol' ^';lr(!(^ iind the Imrsi- sitae oi' Ferrej's, alternately intervening. Koger Yarde married Elisotr daiigliter of William P>ussel or Busliell, teni|i. iiirliard 11 ; his graiidsmi Itichard Yarde married Joan daughler of William, a)ul one ol' the heirs cii' William Ferrere of Chmx-hston (Pole). At the east end of the r>ratlley nr ^anll■ aisle at Highweek Church is the following : — Here Iji'lli the. Jjody of Jaine^ Ydvdc of Bradley, Efiq., ivlio died tlie third da>/ of Sepiernber, \(uO. Here also li/clh llw hoihj of Miclioll Vanle, late wife of the said James Yarde, toko dyed ike . day .... Here likewise lyeth the body of Gilbert Yarde, Esq., ' Sonne of the aforesaid James wnd Michall Yarde, who dyed the 10 day of AiKji'-t 1671. Anns: Yarde quartering Ferrers, impaling pahj of six, on a chief three plates (Blackhall l) John Yarde was Sheriff of Devon 14th Henry VI, 1435; Richard his son, 21st year, 1443. The fnllowing other memorials to this family appear to have been in the Chuivh, ThoiiKts Yavde, 23 Get., 1557; Joan, wife of ThomfM Yarde, 1591; Walter Yarde, 28 May, 1G54 ; Jane wife of Walter Yarde, 2 October, 1654; Wa(ly Eli/.alieth Luttrell, that Hngli ConrtcmiN-, V.:\y\ of iK-xon, ib'sniiiling IVoin Sir Edward Coui-tenay (hrotlier of l-idy Eli/.;il)clli hnttr^'ll) and i*"nicline Dauney, whose effigies arc in Shoviocke T'lnnvli, "gave and granted unto our dear and beloved cousin Jlugli r;nt(nll. Knt.. and f/oi-d of Donslarre, to W(Mr oiM' liiixlge, viz., ". irjutc Ixmr (irnicd (I (ir. if'if/i lliis ih/ii'fciirr (Ill/if, that lie pill one douhle rose d Hf m ihf s/nm/ilir o/ I/h' .sukI Hour, to lia\'e and to hold this 1)a(lge of our gill (o him ami his liiiis for ever. Dated Plymouth, 1 •"'. July 7 Ifenry V. Ills" (( 'Icvdand ). lie w.is a man oi' con.sidetablc note, a mcndpi-i- uriln' I'rixy ( 'onnril, and iho lioldci' of scxcral TAHlSn CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 19!) important ottices and :i]i]>niiitnuMits. ITc nianit-d Katliariin' daugliter nl' Sir John Beauniunt nf Shirwfll, ami widow u\' Sir .ImIim Streche, and died abiiut <) Urnry VI, 142(). The siy-net nf Sir IIni;'li, a|i|irnd('d to a voucher (•!" an arcninit I Henry V, sliews t\\v !)adi;-(' ol" the I'aniilv, d martlet. Sir James Lnttrell, grandson of Sir Hii;^di, married Eli/.alietli dauL;-liter ■_'()). She mnsl lia\-e licen a. dau^'htiM- nl' the I'nwiU'rhani hraiieli, and tlii.s seems cuniirnied li\- an antient shield <>[' u-hiss in Dunster Church, which exliibits ihr^ arms of Lnttrell impaling Courtenay, with a Inhel of three jmints azure, thereon nine plates argent, heing the distinctiDU uf the Powderham Kranch. Sir William Courtenay of Powderham (oh. 1485), who niairied Margaret BonviUe, had a daughter named Elizabeth, hut she was mairied, according to Cleveland, to Sir Anthony Pointz of Acton, in Gloucestershire. This Lady Elizahetli Lnttrell is buried before the high altar in Dunster Church, where, on a. Hat stone of alabaster, is her etMgy incised. She is represented with an angular dependant head dress, cote-hardie, kirtle apparently of fur, and yown. ()ver this she vi^ears a long robe or mantle, embroidei'ed at tiie edges, and fastened across the breast by a cordon, with long dependant tassels. Her head rests on a cushion supported by angels, at her feet is a dog. On the ledger line is this inscri])tion: — • ©rate qurso pro ai'a Uu'p Clnabetl) ILuttcrrll qur obiit primo Hie mensis ^rptembris anno tiU m.r.c.r.r. nona= grsto tertio. J^unr ate te petimus miseref. qs qui lielsti retiimf plittOEi noli Uampnare reOemptos. The latter clause of the inscription may be read, — " Nunc, Christe, te petimus miserere : quesiimus ([id I'cnisti redimere perditos, noli dampnare redeiriptos. Another inscrij^tion records the following : — Hie jacent cinerea A nnce, diledce uxoris Francisci Luttrell, fdkn et heredis C'aroli Stucley de Plymuuth, armir/eri. Quain jjost hreve sed filidaaiiiium spatium vitce conjugalis, mora immatura abstulit. Viadt f/iuta mnicis, henigna paupenbus, oinnihus cara; obiit omnibus deflenda 'W die Octobria 1731, ce1/' /hj-c- ((uyiif), i'St. Clere. The three coats in chief, on the shield, relate to his last alliance, tlie single one in base, to his first wife. The other large shield with crest and helmet are his own achievement proper. He died 7 May, :^0 Henry VIII, five years after the date given on another bench end. Joan, Iiis daughter by his first wife, married John St. Clere. George, his son, by his second wife, married Jone St. Clere, his third wife's daughter by her first husband, Gilbert St Clere. {Vi.^ltatton, 1620). ILiri>fiird. — (_)n tlie bench ends in the uiiith aisle o^ this Church, are the mitials M.B., W. I., T.I). The last may probabl}- belong to Thomas Hench Knds. Harpford. Drake (of the Exmouth family) antiently resideiit here ; Margaret, liis daughter, married George Raleigli nf Fardell. There is im chu' tn the history of the dthei's. TToLBEAME. — This antient familv. whdsc coat ariuonr is iiicluileil among the shields illustrative of the descent of Walrond of Bovey, formerly in Seaton Church, were of Holbeainc, in Ivist Ogwcll : "the inbcritance," says KLsdon, "of a liimily so naiiicij. df wjiom I find Iburtccu generations, which ceased in .bilm Hoibeame the List of the male line whose sistci' married to Marwood." To tliis I'olw liolc adds, ■■the lalgc old iiialisioli at ilolbeaine was |iaiil\ |iiillri| d(]\\ii \\\ .Mr. Taxlor a few years since. .Mr. Ta\lo|- has now in liis possession a, very curiiMis iiiei'e (if oak. Willi I lie Holbeain amis carNH'd oil it. It was placed oNcr tlie cliniineN- piece Skrccn, Seaton Cliurcli. in till- old mansion. TIm' arms nf tlie llolin'ain I'aniiK are also mi till- pillar^ i.f Ivist-I >gwill ('liuivli." I'Aiasii riiL"j;cui:s ov xowni ukvon. 203 The peculiar device acloptrd I)y tliem is evidently allusive, and intended to display the i''h(>Jc-Itr((iii. or one of the piincip;il tinilicrs of ;i, niut, hiialdicallv descrilied as (t chcnvii cnarc/icd. Old lliiililings, Trill Axniiii-ster, Drake. A.cmiiister, it'c -This antient family, llir ni.iin lir.inch <<{' which were of Trill, Axniiiister, and Ashe, Mu&huiy, had tlioii- huiial places hi both parishes. At Axminster the sontli transe])t was their chantry or burial place, and was called Trill or Drake's Aisle, and which they probably built. " The in- terior," .says Mr. Davidson, '"was divided from the base of the tower by au open screen of carved oa,lv, and was occupied as a pew by the Drake family, and a vault beneath it as their Ijuiial place, while the walls exhibited many proud and vain memorials of their chivalry and lineage. Here were displayed among antient armour and banners, several shields of oak, charged ^vith the armorial bearings of Drake in alliance with the families of (Trenville, Eoteler, Cruwys, Yonge, Eveleigh, Bitton, Strode, and Keloway. The I'oof was similarly ornamented ; one of the j)illars w;is carved with the arms of Poidett, and the skreen with tliose of Trill. Against the eastern wall stood a large freestone monument with several figures, the pedestal of which bore the following inscriiDtion : — " Thid iivOHUine.ul in Trill Ue in the iiionument of Sir Juha Drake, lent, ami hart. & Jane his first luife ye dau'r of Sir John Yonrj of Culleton, knt it hart, h;/ whom he had 2 sonea &■ 1 daughter, viz., John, Walter & Elizabeth. His said wife Jane died 31 of July, Anno. Dom : lfi52. " Two escutcheons supported by the figures exhibited the arms of Drake and Yonge, and a large shield at the top denoted in eight quarterino"s the early marriages <>f the family.'' Through the kind care of the late Mr. Davidson, this shield was preserved, and having been cleaned, was afKxed to the tower wall. It has the following bearings: — 1, A wi/vern with winei- aiunun. I>elow is this inscription: — Here lyctli the htnly >>f .lnhit. Dnd-c «/ Axhc, EfOf., aiul A iiuj his wife (laurjhter of Sir llofjer Graynjield^ Knhjlil, hi/ u-horn he had issue six sons, viz., Barnard, Robert. <(: liicliard, whereof three lived at his death. He died 4 Oct. 1.j.")8; she died 18 Feb. 15,57. The next pair represent liis son Sir ?>ernard ,iiid liis lady, Gertrude. He was knighted by Queen Flizal)eth in loSJ. and died of jail fever contracted at Exetei-. His bingraphy is giscn in I'rime. lulow the figuj-es is this insei-i])tion: — Hcere is tlie monument nf Sir Barnard Drale, Kniijlil, who had to wife Dame Garthruij. 1(11 !. Tlie hist (if the series of ertii.i,'ies is .lulm Drake, sou of Sir Bernard, and liis wife Dorothy, dang-lit^'r of Willlani fiutton of Alston, Hants. Below is the I'ollowino- inscription: — Jolni Drahe, Esq., luas buried here 11 Ajj. 1028. Dorofhij Dr.')1. Dame Mary Roseivell ivifc of Sir Ilwjh lioseivell, Knt., buried here 4 Nov. 1043. Sir Ilni;li Ilosewell wtis of Ford Abbey, which he sohl to Edmond Brideaux in l(34t). John Drake, son of John and Dorothy Drake, married Eleanor, daughter and coheir (if John Lord Boteler of I>rainHeld. A flat stone with an ahnost obliterated inscription is fxuid in the naA^e. Below, the impalement of a coat of arms is visible — a fcss checqui/ hetireen nix cross crosslets. Elizabeth their dani>-hter maiTied Sir Winston Churchill, and was the mother of John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough, who was born at Ashe, 24 June, 1G50. John, their son, was created a baronet in IGO'O ; he, with his wife, were bui'ied at Axminster as before obsei-ved, and both monument and aisle were destroyed about the year 1800, when the new south aisle was added to that Chureh. This baronet married secondly, Dionisia, daughter of Sir Richard Strode of Newenham. Sir John, his son, rebuilt Ashe House, and the title passed successively to his two brothers, Bernard and William. A nioiiunient in the Drake aisle, Musbury, records the deaths of this generation : — • Walter Drahe second son of Sir John Drake, Knt. and Baronet, by Jane his first wife daughter of Sir John Yovf/e of Colyton. Ha was horn at Trill 4 Feb. 1649, dyed at Exon umnarrled, April 5, and was interred here Apl. 7, 1074. Sir John Drake, Bart, eldest son of Sir John Drake, Bart, by Jane his first wife. He was born at Lyme in Dorset, Jany, 4, 104(). He dyed at Ashe unmamed March 9, and xvas buried here March 15 1083. ElizaJjeth the only daughter of Sir John Drale by Jane his luife ; she was born Jany 5 1648, and xvas married to Sir John Briscoe of x' •206 SEPULCHEAI, EFFIGIES IN THE Boufjliton in Northampton, and of Amherlej Casth'- in Sussex, Kniglit. She dyed at Boin/Iifon in N'orthainiitonshir,' Xot: <), ami was interrel here Nov. 17. I(i04. Dame Judith the ivife of Sir Wiili'na Dr(d,r., Kuf. and- Bart ; she was the second daughter of William Eceleigh of Holcoinli in, Ottery St. Mai-y, Esqr , hy Anne his wife. Sla; was baptized March 10, Ui'iO, married to Sir WiUiarr Drake Ap. 5, l(i87, dyed at Ashe May Hth and was interred May 1+, 1701. She left behind her tu-o sons John and William, and tv:o daughters Elizabeth and Awe; she ha.d another daughter, nam".d Jiulitli, horn, 12 Deer. I(i9(), dyed the same day and was interred here. This monument tvas erect'd by an ajf'cctionate grateful brother and a sincerely teiider husband. Sir William married secondly, j\Lay daugliter of Sir Peter Prideaux. A flat stone records his death : — H. S. E. Sir William Drake, Knt aaid Bart, departi'd this life 28 Feby in tin' year of our Lord 171.'), in the 57th year if I/is a.ge. Below are the anus of Drake qiiaitfiin"; I^viIiml;!: and Prideaux. He was succeeded 1)V liis sou Sii- .lnhu Di-ake, in wli.iui this inscription occni-s : — Sir John Drale, Bart, eldest sjn of Sir Williiim Dnd.e, Knt. haiti(i Stri'tih (!<■ .J^.s'.s'A, ct Aiuickv mat)-! r/iisiJon, (/inxJ ptiou : — A riiii(/er duratus hie jacet liobertuv nonu'iue Dracus, Hie jacet ille pius pauperibus que hotiun, Septe fjnatos frvr/i et fjnatan quinq'ue venustdfi Vartii rid cunju.c Elizahefhia sibi, ob'ill HiOO. Marrli. ,'50. Above are tive sliields: — I. I)iake. impaling, a cherniii I'iiarf/ed iritii tlirce roundels, hetivecn tJircc crescents; 2, Drake, impaling, tliree rests (Granville); H,' Drake, impaling, " c/icvroii ciuDrjed irith a mullett, a lahcl of tliree (Prideaux) : 4, Di-ake, impaling, ermine, three battle axes in pale (Dennis) : 5, Drake, impaling, « fess, hetireen three Jleur de h/s. He married Elizal)eth daughter of Humphry Prideaux (jf Thuborough, Devon, and hail his residence at Wiscombe, where he was svicceeded by his Sim William, whd married Philipjm daughter of Sir Robei't Demiis of Holcombe Burnell, Knt. Sir iiariiard's other brother Pachard was the ancestor of the Drakes nf Sharledoes, whose descendant William was created ,i Ilnonet in 1041. Aniitlier. and ])er]i;i]>s the eldest branch of the Drakes, was settled at Spratshay.s, Littleham, which place, Dr. Oliver says, they held under the Abbot and Convent nf Sherborne, and was the original cradle of the family. They doubtless l)iiilt die Drakes or Spratshayes aisle in Littleham Clnii'ch, where the bosses in the roof and the winged angels supjaorting shields ranged along the cornice, have a rich effect. Some of these shields have a saltire sculptured on them, allusive, perhajjs, to one of the jiation saints of the Church, which is dt'dicated to S. Margaret and S. Andicw. or liishop Neville who presided over the See 1455-()."). In the Hooi- is ;i tlat stone to the memory of Rulxrl JJra/.c, tientleman, ;30 Sej/trmher. Kii'S. He left 208 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE some substantial cliarities to the jiavisli. He was born at Spratshayes, and was third son of Gilliert Drake uf that place. His remains lie bmied near those of his father and mother, according to the tenor of his will. An inscribed flat stone, probably commemorating these relatives, is noA\- partially obsciu'ed b)' the seating. The following quaint lines conclude his epitaph: — Preachers and pour am sai/ tail dcatli Was ended Ub a llvehi faith, The yearly gifffi that I them gave, ''Till tiiiie be ended tliey must have. Below are the arms of Drake impaling, an (incJior. A notice of liiin is given m Prince. This Robert st}'les himself cnusin to Sir Barnard of Ashe, to whom lie l)efpieaths a legacy of five pnniids. Scmie other memorials occur near, •John Dr(ik<\ 1(3'.)4; Kutliai-tm: hm icije 1G92 ; John their son. 1712. A descent of Drake was also resident at Dunscombe, Salcombe Regis, near Sidimiuth. In the noith aisle of Salcombe Church is a flat stone thus inscribed : — Here lyefh th.e body of Geiirye l)r' Henry A'lll, 1545 ; Sir Peter, before referred to, who presuuialjly rebuilt Ottery-Mohun ; Sii- Philip, Knight of Malta, and one daughter Cicely. Thomas Carew (se3ond son of Sir Eibnond) was of Bickleigh. He maiTied Elizabeth only daughter of Humphry Gourtenay, who, as seventh son of Sir Phihj) Gourtenay of I'owdcrham and Elizabeth daughter of Lord Huno-erfoi'd, had lVK'kleii''li "-iven him i'or liis poition. In liis biography bv I'lincc, lii' is dcscrilKMl as I)eing '' of a martial spirit, young, lusty, of an active l)i.'dy and courageous miiul," married his relative, '"'a yountf fortune, courted Ihm-, won lier A' (iilhert Si. ( 'lere of Ktist Budlcigh : he was burldl ;ii llickleigh. .iml the conchnlliig imrllon o( the epitaph has ;ihea(l\- lieen gi\cii in I he nii the south wall is another inonunaMit with tlie effigy of a lady in Elizal)ethan costimie, and liolow her a child in a cradle:— Carewe'a daughter Eriseyes v:ife, Elizabeth thai hight. Exchanged life for death to give a sonne this ivorlds light, To God she lived to God she died, young yeered in virtves old And left until it rise again, this tomb her corps to hold. An: Do: 1(J18. y 212 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Anns: — Carew, impaling, sdhh, a chcn-on hetureit three ;/ri (fins' sci/r&oit, or (Eriseve). The Eriseyes were of Giade; Cornwall. In front of the connnunion table, on the ledger line of a flat stone, is : — li)ic jacft 3fol)5 5?nif {'.) quoHa: iRrrtr tir IsirUlrj), q: obttt ji-rlnti Dtf mfs Siumt, ^nno Ofu mrrrfr j:}.-):t • In the centre is inscribed : — Here lijeth th", body of George Cdrmv, laie Parson of Bicldei/, irJio died eir/lfh dat/e of Aj^rill, IGIO. Lysons a.dds another, not visible now, to JRitthctr Corcir, Ajrh-Priext of JIaccomhc, 1684. Georp'e Carew, (third son ot Sir Edmond) D.D., "addicted himself to the arts." and entering holy orders, became successively Archdeacon of Totnes, Dean of Bristol, Chantor of Salislanry, (Jhaplain and Dean of the Chapel to Queen Elizabeth, Dean of Christ Clnnch, Oxford. Dean of Exeter, and lastly Dean of Windsor. He inarried secondly, Anne daughter of Anthony Harvey, Escj[ , by wlrom he had two sons tSii- Peter, and George, Eai'l of Totnes, and one daughter, Mary married to Walter Dowrich. " From all his preferments growuig rich, he rebuilded his house at UptondiiHnii, Crediton, which he left unto his son Sir Peter." Sir Peter Carew (eldest son of Dr. George Carew) appears to liavc been a valiant soldier, but im rnilhci- particulars arc known respecting him, except tliat like liis cousin Sir Peter (third sun of Sir William Carew of Ottery-Miihuii, and \slinsc nioinnin'iit is nuw under the south towel"), he met witli his death in Ircliiiid, and that the crossdeifij'ed fi llir dignity of Ivu'l nf Totnes, of wliich place in hi.s native counly liis lather was rormeiK- Aivlideacm. He died at llie Savoy, in Ldndi.n, 27(li iMarcli. \t\-2'.K and was iMirieil in (lie ('Idjilnii I'ARISn C'lIURCnES OF NOP/rn DEVON. 21;i chantry in tlic ('Ininli of Striittnid-nii Avon witli his lady, " wliei'e on a noble mon\nnent llir I'lail ;ni(l Iiis Countess aie represented lyin<;- side liy side, in llicir rolies and coronets, under an aicli ;idorned hy llieir emits ni' arms, in tlie midst wliereof is a fair marble tal)le contaiiiin^ tliis large e]iita])h :" wbieli is given at l(Migth by Prince. iMarv. n]d\ ihiuglitei- of Dr. (Jeorge Carew, married Walter Dowrich, Ks(i.. and ill Saiidford Churcli, on a brass, is represented licr effigies lying on a tomb mi which is inscribed '^Memento Mori," and on each side are two ehildren kneeling. Below is tliis inserijition : — Here lijeth ye body of Mary Dowrich, ivifc imd vAdow of Walter Dowrich of Dowrich, Esqr., onely sister of George Lord Careire, Earl of Totnes. Shee had issue one sone and three daughters, viz., Thomas tvho married Katherine daughter to John Slukely of Afton, Esq.; Dorothy married to Thomas Peyton of Islam in Camb., Esqr.; Ellzaheth married (u (ieorge Trobridge of Trohrldge, Esqr. ; and Mary married to William, Limsey, of Colby, in, Norff., Esq. She departed this life in the true fa'th of Jesus Christ, Uie, tenth of September, Ano. Dni. l(i()4. Above are the arms of Uowrich impaling Carew, the arms of her sou im^mling Stiikely, and the alliances (if her daughters. Sii- Gawen Carew (fourth son of Sir Edmond) of Woode, Kentisbeare, "a gi-eat courtier belonging to Queen Elizabeth," married Mary (oli. l.'j.^S), widow of Sii- Heiny Guyldford, K.G., and daughter of Sir Robert Wotton, K.G. ; lier tomb in Kentisbeare Church has been already referred to. In the Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, on the north side of the Lady Chapel in the Catliedi'al, is a large tomb of two storeys, containing three effigies, a knight in complete armour, bare headed and with ruft", and his lady in Elizabethan costume, in the uppei- compartment : and a knight also in complete armoni-, his legs cros.sed (an luiusiial thing at this era) in the lower. All three have their feet resting -m lions, and tlie cross-legged fiortire has the arms of Carew on liis shield. Uiion the frieze of the tomb is this inscription : — Waller Dowrich of Dowrich Esq, marled the only sinter of this Sr Peter Carew under jigured, elder brother to the Lord^ Carew, Baron of Clapton, vjhich Sir Peter Carew, Knyght, ivas slayne in Ireland. 214 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE )Sculptiired on anothev part of the tomb is the date 1589. and Polwlu-le says anutlier date. 1581, was at tlie time of his visit just discevniljle in black ])aiiit nii the wall .it the h;ic'k i>f the under figure. An inscrii^tion at the top records that : Tlii< m(>num".nt rred'il A.D. l.")89 in riieni:jr>/ of Sti- Gaireu Careic and Mary his u-'ifc, (intl of hix nc'i'Itrir Sir Peter, eldest son of Georrjr Ciircv, D.D. (some time Dean if tids Cathedral Church) and onJij brother of George Careu; Baron if Clopton and Earl of Totneft, ii-as restored h>/ members of the faviiiji, A.D liS,J7. The tomh is ornamented with a hiri^v array of armorial bearings illustra- tive of the descent and alliance-i of Carew, and amoiiLi,- the impalements, la.st on the series at the east end. is Harvey, on a heiuJ. three trrfbi/s clipped, relating to Anne, wife of George Carew. D.D., and mother of Sir Peter and tlie Earl i>f Totnes. Her fither was buried in tlie north choir aisle, a short distance below the Carew monument. it is a liigli tomb, antl on it is tliis inscription : — l^ere Ipftl) iBastfr ^nftonp Dartirj'. cesqitirf. UiJjo liPft) tl)f jLTtti liavf of iHapf, 2q. Dnt. io(;4. Sir Peter Carew, ob. 1575, foiu'th son of Sir William Carew (and cousin of Sir Peter, eldest son of Dr. (h>orgi' Carew.) win. presumably rel)uilt Ottery- Mohun. died at Waterfurd in Ireland ; his moiunnent and I'tligy in the Catliedral have been previously tlescribed. Tlie title of Paron Carcnv of Mulesford, borne by the Carews of Ottery- Mohun. is taken iVom .MulcsTord or Moulstord, a, manor situate in the parish of Cholsey, neai- W'allingfoid in PerUshirc The manor of Mulesford was given by King llciny 1. (o (Jiiardus Fitzwalter, ancestor of tbo Carews, who in llic reign of ib'niy III. were styled Barons Carru .-oid M nlivslmd. Tlicy continurd in possession of the ui;inor till I 17-J. or |MTh:i|is hiln- (Lysons). The grant of MnllesforlinM ; Nirholas, (liiid son w.n a,' !(■■.'. v.o,- of the ( ';ircws of licddington. I'AEISir rilURCHES OF NOKTH DEVON. 215 Lysoiis speaks of the nld maiisidn ;it .M()luiiis-( )ttery :is cnnsistiiio- of remains Imilt in tlu' ivion nl' Kiui^- IfiMirv VI., the eh;ipel ;iii(l hall having been pulled tlnwu a few ycais before. The jiortions left are of iinich later (hite. Tlu' old house is described as being of Ia.te Tiidoi- oreetioii, with a niniiln'i- ot" large stone-inullioiu'd windows. Little of Ihis stnietiire now renuiins, and the sentence accorded t(_i all things of human origin has had its fulHhuent at Otterv-Mohiui, where the original grandeur of this the antieni nest of" a noble r.ijj his long departed. ■^.-i! ^3ii#S^^- Ottcry-.Mohuii. A similar fate has fillowed Bickleigh (Joiu't, although a much larger purtion of it at present exists than is fiund renriining at Ottery-Mohiui. It is situated on the west bank of the Kxe, closs to the streani. about a mile distant from IJiikleigh, and neuly opposite the village. Most luxuriant mlizaliri li dangliter ami licii- ol .lulin LJotour of Exeter. 15. More, impaling, tlirce f'sc(f//"iis (( 'li\ rdon ). Jnlm Alnrc nianicil l<'Jizabelh daugliiei' ami ih'ir m|' .Lilin (.'livedon. "lice was :i wise man. Icained in ilii lawcs, and a a'oNcrnor in this TAiasTi niriJC'TiKs of north deyon. 217 country, and Uwd to \ir an olil man. ami ilird anno 1 King llcury VIll. 1509." (Pole) His iie is in the More clumtiy : Ovutc pro nta loljts iWort nrmgri ft €li;nbrti) ujfor tris (]: quitidm 3'oi)ts ]i'u Dtr iHarrit aa Dfii mrffffir, prrHifta €li;(ibfH): obiit ...tiif m . M I): m ...aib: pprirtur tis. mm. License was granted in 1547 to John More of CoUunipton and Elizaheth liis wife, and to Jane reHet of Henry Botour, to have oratories or chapels within tlieir mansions. King Edward VI, 5 June 1551, leased to Sir John More, Knt., the entire Kectory and Cluireh of Cullompton. 4. More, impaling, '/ vrvss lo-.r/u/i/, a v/ttrf? (Sta^'ell). 5. More, impaling, (( cJicvron between three oak t)-ee.s, fructed ( '^) G. Tlircf /ions rKniji'Dif (Clnidleigh ?) impaling, More. Alice, daughter of John More, i7th Henry VI, married John June, Chief Justice of the King's Bench ; secondly she married John Chudleigh. 7. Walroncl of Bradfield, impaling More. John Walrond of Bradfield, mai-ried Margaret, daughter John More. 8. More, impaling a Jn-ldije of tliree arcJies. (Strowbridge). Maurice Moi'e, eldest son John (ol). 1509) married Cicely daughter of John Bonville of Combe-llaleigh, natural son of William the last Lord Bonville, and died dvu'ing his father's lifetime. A gravestone at the entrance of More's Chantry (but formerly inside) i-ecords : — loii larrt COtUiflms i^orr gcufros: ac iMauriri: jWore fiat: fju6, nrrnou riototben ujr : pUrt COillt ar ofs rorum Z(LU\U ft Sorotljfa filu, q: qti: mill ah ar lurf wtgralut lij Dif 3?ffbf ao tini mcffffAiii) q": anib : ppnft tifus anif'. At the base of this stone are tlie outlines of father and mother, two sons and two daughters, the indents of brasses of small size. Hiunphry More son of Maurice, man-ied Agnes, daughter of Sir Lewis Pollard, whose moraunent is in J'ishops-Nympton Church. On a gravestone in the chantry is incribed : — l^ic jarft iHast: iiMlfnU: jHaif anga-: Unas tJf iV\ovd)t: istt ffcUf r^pfrtal : bnfacto : ft xlgiifS mar rns q : qO : Ufifrt) obtit liu tJif ::ig5tt ao t): 15;J7. quo: aib: ppciftur Ofiis. 218 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGTE8 IN THE ( )n ailjoiniug flat stones : — Here lleth the Jxtih/ Geortje More , we read, TAEISH CnUECHER OF NORTH DEVON. 219 " Leo"o nove 'luiri ili' ( 'nUuiupton as iiinclie as A\ill pay fur u fbote s(|iia!V." (Oliver.) 'I'wii Merchants, — JL}nt li'ctf) Soljn (ToIe of CoIIumpton, marrijant, anlj lEliwbcHj Ijie feiife tol]o ticctnsEt lljc 28 of Iflnrdj 15G1. Itjcrc liftli tfjr botiw of ."ilamcs Sfu'uiur of CoUiiinpton mcvdjnnt, ixiljo iJccEascli 27 of IDECcb. IGIG. fl?ac itut nlj supEtoa. Ilartland Ahbcij. 'Pliis antient foundation, dedicated to S. Nectan, a .saint described Ijy Leland as coming from Wales, and a martyr whose place of burial was at Hartland, has shared the common fate of destruction that has followed the majority oi our Devonshire monasteries. '■' A community of secular Canons," says Dr. Oliver, " was attached to the Chm'ch of S. Nectan at a very early period, but Galfridus ths sou of Oliver de Dynhain, Lord of the Manor and Hundred of Hartland, whose property was veiy extensive both in Devon and Cornwall, procured the licence of King Henry II. to change these secular into regular canons of the order of S. Augustine, and to found a monastery for them. Bar- tholomew, Bishop of Exeter between the years 1157 and 1184, confirmed this transfer, Avhich the founder seems to have left to the management of his friend Richard Toclive of Ilchester, archdeacon of Poictiers, and after- ■\\ard Bishop of Winchester, who was a considerable benefactor to the new estabhsliment." King Richard I. granted the community the ominous ricjht of a gallows within the manor of Stoke S. Nectan. The Dinhams and their representatives continued the patrons of Abbey up to the time of the dissolution of religious houses, and it is jjrobable members of their family were occasionally interred in its Conventual ('lunch. Oliver de Dinham, gi'andson of the founder, appears to have been buried in the Clunxh of the Friars-Prsedicant in Exeter, ])ut Muriel, wife of Sir John Dinham, great grandson of the last named Oliver, was buried at Hartland. ( )ii 11 Sept. 1374 Bishop Brantyngham granted an indulgence of forty days to all tnie penitents who should pray for the soul of the Lady Muriel Dynham, " cujiis corpus in Monasteno de Hertylond rcqtn'e.scit Innnctvm." This conclusively shews she was not buried at Kings-Carswell, as has been surmised, and the anns on the tomb also 0-20 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE testify, that the effigies there of the Lady with the Knight do not ivjiresent lier, but the other single tigure in that Church, or the effigy at South-Pouh may possibly be cenotaph to her memory. For her descent, and a further account of Dinham, see the preceding notice of tliat fomily. A Sir John Dinham, jjrobably lier husband, is said by Pole to have died 5th Richard II, 1382 ; this is a near approach to the date of the costume on the Kings- Carswell tombs. " Hartland Abbey," says Polwhele, "the house of P;iul Orchard. Esqr., stands exactly on the same spot as the Abbey ditl. tlie north wing is part of it: the hall, wliich was seventy-two feet long and of a pi-oportionable breadth, and likewise the cloisters, were till lately (piite jierfect and unaltered, the latter aie now jiulled down: and as the present house in order to ao-ree with the antient imrt now- standing is l)uilt in (Jothic stvle, the cloisters are introduced in the basement story, in the eastern and western views of it; over one of the arches is an ii^scription in very old characters. In making the late alterations, several lieautiful tiles, many fragments of columns, and richly ornamented giJded mouldings, a moniunent of a Knight of Jerusalem (crusader ?), a.nd several antique tombstcmes were dug up, b\it almost every irace of a letter oi- inscription ■was worn away." This ancient inscription, in Hue Loml>ardic letter, is tlnis i-ead by Di-. < (liver: — ISrS'U: (iVUAURATAM: CLVSTR.M: DIVERSII'K'ATVM : MAH.MOltKO : I.AIMDE : I'KRKKCTVM: sVMiTnsvs: KT: AX.VIS: ARRATIS: Ar; AHTK: .loius: SIT: i:i : c.iw: John of E.xeter occurs as Abbot, 17tli April l.".()S. In conse(|ucnce of the improvement of the finances of the .Vhhcy by his zeal and iiuhistiy, two Canons moi-e were added to the conununity, and he seems to have rebuilt the cloisters, as the inscription mi them testifies. He tendered liis resignation on jiccoimt of JMjdilv intirmities. istli Septemlier 1329, and died sliortly after." rol\\liele gives a somewlial diU'erent lending of the inscri|ii ion. Fifteen Abbots ajipear to have presided over the Abbey, ending with Abbot Thojnas Pope, who surrendereil liis inona.stery, 'ilst l""eliruary ITj.'!;). Two coats of ai'ms are given: I, Anji'iil. " e/v/i/ry di juilr .\t;tsii rTiT-prTri:s of north deyox. i21 tJirec pears slipjied or. Tlir Hist device Is similar to A1)l)i)t Chard's at Ford AMjov. :iiu1 (lie anus of tin- AliLey nf Buckfastleluli. It cvidt'iitly has alhisiiiii to thr ii:iiias nt' the monasteries. llwiio.N. Wiiodliiiri/. < l/tcrij S. Marij, tic. — The eailirst lui'iimrial to tills aiitieiii tiiiiiily is in Woodlmrv Church. In the north aisle is a, flat stone (the lai-ijrr [loition of which is lildden l)y u seat), and on it a niatiix tlmt foi'inerly was tilled with hrass escutcheons and lahels, ami the name Havdon. '" Is it not," asks Dr. Oliver, '" the tonil) of Kichard Haydon. (lent., who was steward to Bishop Veysey, and liy his will dated l!nd Ajnil. 1533, desires to I)e huiieil in Woodhnry Church near his wife Jane ? " This is the liichard Haydon of Bowood and Ebtoixl, said, in the Visitation 1620, to have maiTied firet, Joane daughter of — Morris of "id «=='•- Northieigh cimrd.. Trent, and secondly, Agnes daughter of — Merifield. His second son liy his tirst wife was John Haydon, Est{., of Cadhay, which fine old mansion he hiiilt. and which still remains with its quaint cjuadrangle of the kings, (Henry VIII, and his three Sovereign children), a noble monument of his taste. Pi'ince describes him as having been a Bencher of the Inner Temple, and a man of large generosity, who also " obtained from King Henry VIII a Charter for incoi-porating the parish of Saint Mary Ottery, and wius the first Governor of that corporation himself He })rocured from that King letters patent for the founding of a Grammar School in that town also, and was very instrumental to get it well endowed." He appears to liave maiiied Joan the widow of Robert Grenville, who was cousin-german and heir of Joan Cadhay of Cadhay. They are both buried under a high tonili on the north side of the altar of Ottery Chnrch. with this mscription : — • lr)ic jacet Sfoljamifs bapHon He Cntiljaj), anmgrr, ft 3fol)nnnn uror fjiis, consanguine et I^crres 3ioJ)annir CaDlja)), qikx futt uior bugons ©rcnlnle gnieiosi. Qui qiitUem 3fol)annfS fuit primus (Subernator tncorporatus i^uius parorijtae et obiit sme eiitu noiu Die iBaitti. anno Domini i5s7. Dicta 222 SEPULCHKAL EFFIGIES IX THE autein ^icba""'^ oi^W sine txitn Hrrtma nono tut "Dttnnhvi^, IJnno Domim 1592. Pro qutbiis laiis sit Deo. Over the south poreli inside is a long elegaie Inscri{iti(in to his menioiy and the date 1618. "The original door in tlie soutliern poreli which was built iiy John Haydou still remains, and the iron handle bears the initials and date 'J. H., 1571.' ' The royal arms are within the porch above the doorway, ■with the following inscription over them : — HE THAT NO IL WILL DO DO NOTHYNG YT LANO YTO. .J. H. Under the arms : — IN TE, DOMINE, SPERAVI, NON CONFrXDER ; IX .-ETERXUM. (Coi-nish). George Haydon, next brother of John, was of Hornshayes, and subsequently of Farwood, Colyton. His arms were carved on an old seat in Northleigh Clwrch, and there still exists in the ])arlnur window at Farwood the family escutcheon with five (piarterings : — 1, Anjoit, three Jxn-s fjevieUes azure, on a chief ;jitle.'<, a fesse doiirette or (Haydon); 2, Ermine, three IxittJe axes salile ( Wyke) ; 3, A)r/e)it, ti'itliin a hofdure eiKjrailed t/ra eherrnjis (/tiles; 4, Ermine, tiro glaziers irons in salt ire tjules (Tytlu'rlclgh); 5, Anjent. tiro cherrons azui'C, ioithin a hordiire eniiniilrd ter. John Holland was second son of Sir Thomas Holland, K.(i. (ob. I.')(il), and Joan I'lantagenet (the Fair Maid of Kent) only daughter of Edniond of Woodstock, sixth son of King Edward 1, by Margaret daughter of John, Lord Wake. The Priiu'css Joan afterwards married Edward the Black Prince, ami dving at Wallingl'onl in 1 3SG was buricil in the Church of the I'Viars-niinors at Slaiiiiiird. By her second liusliand she was mother of King Itichard II. who in \ :\HH ei'eated his half-hrother E.irl of Huntingdon, ami a|i|ioiiited hnii his ( 'hanilnalain, and subse(|uent l\ advanced liini to the dignit\- of Duke of Kxeter, ami ( Jo\'ei-nor ol" ( 'alais. But on a charge of C(jns])iiing against his In-other in law Ili'nr\' W, he was Itehcaded and buried ;it I'leshv in I'^sscn. in the lii'st \ear of that nionaii-hs icigii. lie, Jdlm llolhind, inanicd lOli/.abi't h (oh. I llili) second daughter of Jihn of (iauiit, Hnke of Lancaster, and sur\iving this her rAEISH CIIUROHES OF NORTH DEVON. -i-ir, fii-st husband, slie iiianicd sccoinllv Sir Jolm Cmiiwiill. K.(i., wlm sio-iializecl Iiimsolf at the battle of Aj;liter iiaii (tlieir anus are among the antient stained «,dass in the < 'a(he(b'ai), married Matilda daughter of Thomas HoUand, Earl of Kent, and -loan Plantao-aiiet, the Fair Maid of Kent ((.leveland) ; slie nmst have been sister to John, Uuke of Exeter. This Hugh died young in l!77 leaving no issue by liis wife. Pole calls her Joan. John Holland, seeond son of John, was restored to the Dukedom of Exeter by King Henry the VI. He died 2Gth Henry VI, 1448, and was buried in the ('hajn'l of S. ( atherine, near the tower, at the north end of the high altar. His tomb and effigies are further described, Henry Holland, Duke of E.-ceter, son of Jolni, was a stout supporter of the Lancastrinn interest, and shared the unhappy fortune of that house both at Towton and Barnet. lleduced to great distress he was at last found dead in the sea betwixt Dover and Calais, 13th Edward IV, 1473 (Prince). He married Anne, eldest daughter of Ilichard Plantaganet, Duke of York (slain at Wakefield, 1460), and sister of King Edward IV. After his death she nurried Sir Thomas St. Leger, Knight of the body to that monarch. The St. Legers were of Annery, Monkleigh, North Devon. Sii' Richard Hankford (ob. 1440) nephew of Cliief Justice Hankford married twice, tii-st to Elizabeth daughter of Fulk, Lord FitzwaiTen, by whom lie had Thomazine wife of Sir William Bourchier (ance.stor of the Earls of Bath), and secondly Anne daughter of John Montacute, Earl of Salislmi}-. by whom he had Anne wife of Thomas Butler, Earl of Ormond and Wiltshire. Their daughter Anne married Sir James St. Leger, of whom, says Westcote, " are all the St. Legers in Devon." The house and manor of Annery fell unto the portion of Sir James and Anne Butler his wife ; they had issue Sii- George (.sheriff of Devon 22 Hemy VIII.) (Pole). In Monkleigh Church is a brass in the shape of a scroll suj)poi'ted by two angels thus mscribed. — Oratr pro ata Si'ifObtc #?})utlrg;. ^rnug. qui obiit liiij Utc mfs ffbruani anno Dni mrrrcjri nij : m pprift lif.— :31mrn. 226 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Below is u shield — Frcttij, a chief, f/iereon an ciniuihi fur difference (St. Leger), impaling, a chief indented (Butler). Westcote says tliere were " some other remembrances of Dame Anne St. Ledger, the foundress of the Chancel. Mnd \vife to Sir George St. Ledger," as lieing in Monkleigh C-hiu'ch. Slie was daughter of Edmond Knivett, Esq. He also gives the follnwing inscription as then existing upon a stone in Sherwill Church : — Orate i^ro anima Blancha' St. Leoger, filla; Willielini BourcJder, DoTnini Fitzwan-en, nxorls Bartholonuei St. Leoger qua; obiit 4to die Januarii A.D. 148.j. Cv.jus animai propitietur Deus. Anne, Duchess of Exeter, ob. 1475, is buried in the Rutland Chapel in the Chapel Royal, Windsor. " This chapel was founded by Sir Thomas St. Leger for the interment of his wife ; on the north wall is a copper plate gilt, on Avhich are engraven the figures of the founder in armour, ■with his surcoat (tabard ?) and his lady in robes with a ducal coronet. In the centre is the monument of George Lord Roos (ancestor of the Dukes of Rutland) and Anne his wife daughter of Sir Thomas St. Leger, find the Duchess of Exeter" (Lysons). Arms of Holland, Duke of Exeter : — (riiles. three lions 2^(issant or, within a bordure azure, charged iritJt Jienr de ]//s of the secnm!. (^rest. — TJie royal lion, on a chapeau, (jorged vitJi a cn/lKr (c.tire, charged n'ttli jfeur de lijs or, and ducalJi/ croiraed. Cleveland makes this Sir George St. Ledger (Sheriff of Devon, 22nd Henrv VIII), and wIki w:is knighted at 1\nniiay in that monai'ch's reign, to be the son of Sir Thomas St. Ledger and Anne, widow of Henry Holland, Duke of Exeter and sister of Edward \\ . A\luch Sir Thomas was put to death for conspiring against itichanl 1 1 1 ; :ind tlinl (u'orge Courtenay, obiit vita patria, (Sir WilHam Courtenay of I'owderhaui, ob. lioG) married Catharine daughter t)f Sir George. BkaufORT, Dukk (IF KxK'i'Ki;. 'i'iionias Hc'.inluit, Ivnl of l>oisc(, fourth son "\' .lolin oC (iiiunt :ind ( '.'it liiirinc Swinrunl. wlm led llic rereward at the battle of Agincourl, lictwccn llie ruircidnc of tlmt tide, \v;is in 1416 created Duki' of Exeter for life, mid ;iniipn!j,' oilier L;r;iii(s ;i pension of .i'40 per annum was iussigmd liini out of (lie ciu o|' Ivxeter. lb' died in 1 12(i. r.vinsTT rniMtrnKs of north Devon. 227 In (Uffging iiinuiig the ruins of Barking A.bbey, a stmu' was found with tliis inscription : — THOMAS r.KWFOKD IHX DK KXCETi;. DNS, AX: HXI. Ar.rcccXXX. It seems to luive hei'U the kcv-stune of an arcli. ( )ii llu' fvaofment of anothei" stt)ne was : Mi;. IIAIMM lUOWFORD Wycill!. It is probaliK' that both the Duke of Exeter and his brother Cardinal Beaufort (Bisliop of "WInclu'ster), were benefactors to the Monastery (Lysons). Margai'ct Beaufort his niece, second daughter of John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, his eklest Ijrotlier, married Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devon, beheaded after the l)attle of Towton. Arms of Beaufort Duke* of Exeter : — The arms of England, tvitJiin a hordure gohony, aiycnf and a:iire. Erchedekne. Haccomhe, — Anthony, Cornwall, — and tlw. Cathedral. — Of this antient family was Sir Thomas, Governor of Tintagel Castle, who was summoned as a Baron to Parliament 14th to 18th Edward IT (1325). John his son, who had the like smiimons IGth Edward III (1344), married Cicely daughter and heir of Sir Jordan de Haccombe of Haccombe. Sir Waryn, his son, (who is also said to have been a baron by writ of summons), married Elizabeth daughter and co-heir of John Talipot of Castle-Ricard, by wliom he liad three daughters, Philippa, wife of Sir Hugh Courtenay of Haccombe, whose effigies are in tlic Churcli there, Mai'gery, wife of Sir Thomas Arundel, and Eleanor, wife of Waltei- Lacy, from whom Corbet of Shi-opshire is descended. (Pole). Margeiy Erchedekne, wife of Sir Thomas Arundell, is buried in Anthony Church. On a flat stone in front of the altar is her effigies in brass, in excellent presei'vation. She has a hu-ge pillow head-dress Avith coverchief, gown and long sleeves, the cuffs guarded with fur, and a gircHe orna- mented with roses round her waist. At her feet is tliis inscrijjtion : — Die jacct iBavgcna JlritnlirU quoutiS Una &' Cst. :3nton: fllia aBann €vfl)Clirliric miUtis que obi'it fjcli) Die (Prtobi* ao Dilo mccrcrj: tu. ate ppctet: 5e'. aa 228 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE There are the indents of two shields of arms above the figure. Margery Arundel dying ■\\-ithout issue, Anthony ]3assed to her sister Philijipa, wife of Sir Hugh Courtenay, whose daughter Joan married Sir Nicholas Carew of Ottery-Mohiin (oh. 1-447), who gave it to his fourth son Alexander. Numerous monuments to the descendants of this Ijranch of the Carews are in the Church, inclusive of Richard Carew (ob. 1G20), author of the Sttrrci/ of' CoriiiraU. In S. Gabriel's Chantry in the Cathedral, on a flat stone, is the following : — l^ir jartt iHajist: iHartifiS l' €rrft)fhnf quouDm ranontrus I)uts fcrlir, qui obtit iiti Dif mtmis :3[pnit6 :3[nno 3?rn, mtUmo rrcrwiii ; ruts aif ppcictur 2? '5. 3 mm. Of cotemporary date, and probably a near relation of Margeiy Arundell. Ferrers, — Willoughby ue Broke. Beer-Fcnrrs. — The curious augmen- tation of Jive riidder.'< on the shielil of Ferrers, found ou a bencli end at Beer-Ferrers, appears to have reference allusively to its maritime situation. In the roof nf the porch the same badge oocu's on a shield on one of the bosses, on others arc sculjiturcd the arms of Ferrers, Cheney, and Latiinei'. It also occurs surmounted by a rosie on the tomb of Lord Willoughby de Broke in Callington Church. Here it apjicars (u lollow Ferrers, whose large ))ropei'ty in I»eer-Ferrers he inherited tlnciugh his wife Blanche, daugliter of John Champer- iiowiic, lnother oj" Iloger Cluimpernowne, who married .loan r (firnu^rh' in the nortli transept, and now renioxcd to (lie churchyard) is further (Jesriibed In the /'ajxr on On anothei' bench end is th(^ aehie\cMnent Bench End, Uccr-Fcrrcrs. )evon FJligies. the South of Willoughliy was df Trejusurers-Bere, and maiiicd Jdicc daughtei' pait In I he dispersion of tlie relnrls, temj). Edwaiil \l, who, after I heir (h.lrat at the iiattle ol' I-'cnny- bridges, retreated i>> I lnnilDn-lJlyst bridge, vvhicli, says liisilm. " was si liJiigly l)arric;iil<)ed and kept Ijy them, tliat it greiitly hinik'rcd the Lord Liray to TARISn CHURCHES OF NOKTH DEVON. 231 join battle witli tlieiii. until .l.iliii Yarde a valiant geutleiiian, gave the fii-st adventure to make wa.y over the river;" from wlience they retired to the lower end of Clyst Heath, wln're aiU'i- a hlnudv fray they were totidly routed. Edward Yarde, his grand,son, is commemorated by a handsome monument over, there is a, quaint poetic inscription, l)ut it is illegible. Below is a small ertigy of the deceased in his shroud. Arms : — Yarde, with helmet, and ci-est, in a ducal coronet, a sican sittimj and hoiding an eel in its hei/i' ; and on another shield, tlircc lampagoc.'i (nian-tigers) in pale, passant regardant, (Radford). He married Bridget, daughter of Lawrence Radfoi"d, of St. Leonard's, Exeter, Esq. The Yardes probably built this aisle, which is almost identical in design with the Drake aisle at Musbury, Stkodk. Phjnipton. — The antient effigies in this Church have been described in the Pftper on those found in South Devon. It may be added however that the effigy of Pdchard Strode (ob. 14(34,) and who desires in his will to be buried near his father's gravestone, was probably the son of John Strode, who mai'ried the daughter of Burley of Clannacomb, Esq., and he Richard married Margaret daughter of Hemy Foi-tescue of Wood, Esq. Li the same aisle is a large mural monument with three kneeUng effigies, the male in the centre clad in half armour and trunk hose, on each side a lady, and below in a panel the busts of ten children in has-rclief. Cuhlcidu'in Gulielmi Strode, Equitis aunotl, et in isto ordine tandem, antiquissimi Familia satis clarl sed religione integrltate inorwni consUio Justicia Puhlica Generosa hospitalitate rebus probe et fcdiciter fjestis longc clarioris Qui et septem jiliarv/m quinq : nuptarum equitibua nexii lugati Et arctiori nexu plunum virtutum Devonice sum gluten, et Oraculurn dm substUit Is duaruni uxoi-um unanhni fretus consort io, Mariae ut Dionysiae 232 SEPULCHJRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Qv.ave e:r altera decent suscepit liheros ex altera seriuf< sulaiuen dlenuii et operum satur uhdornuvit In, gremio terrae inatris curr-. sorore vennlcula. et ultima propinquitati naturae deem nhe us conqiierentihus amvicis. Ill te occidif gpen umnes et furtana iioatri nohdrds donee noininia generisq : dinenmen comtnunl r/loria resurrect ion is et solius afjinitate Chrisfi evanescit. Occidit Junii 27, lfi37. ^Etate sucv 76. Fatri Gulielrno, matri Maria', et Dionysia' quasi htatri Monutneniairu hoc posuit Gulielinus Strode. Above an escutcheon of anus : — Stvotle, (|uai-teriug, 1, Courtenay ; 2, Gules, a clienvii argent, hctirecn three Jisli naieoif (Micklleton) ; 3, Argent, on (I chevron azure, three fisli or (Peuiles) ; 4, Forteseiie, with a crescent for difference; 5, Argerd, -h) ; 0, t h-, three henJIets sah/e ; 7. Argeid, three eagles displcnjed gides (Doddescombe). Crest : a (sarin) tree, vert, fraeted gules. Motto : HiEME ViRESCO. Below four shields: — 1, Strode; 2, Argent, '/ cherron gales, hetween three coots (Southcote) ; '■'>, Strode ; 4, Azare, three saltires or (Glanville). There are some other inscriptions near the top of the monument, but too hifh up to \iv legible. They are given by PoKvhele. AVilliam Strode of Neweiiham, mairied Elizabeth, either a daughter or granddaughter, and heir of WilHam Courtenay (of bouglitor, whose effigy is in the soutb aisK"). wbo was third son of Sir I'biHp of iMdllaiid ; William Slrodi' liis grandson (ub I (l:!?), married lirst, Mary daughter of Thomas Southcot of liovev-'lVaeey. secondly. I )ionisla daugliter of iS'ii'holas Glanville of Tavi.stock. ( )n a flat stone: — Jlnr lirs the Ixidi/ nf Sijdm'i/ Si radr nf Xr/ndnnu, E<^qr., (iliiil ill, the year "/' his age ."i", of (Oi r J.iinl 17-!l. Alsii (if A II ii SI mill' Inn ir/Ji; dargldcr nj' Sir JS'irlnilas Tievaiiioa of {Carhayrs?) oliiil ill the >/rar iif hrr age 27, of our Lord 1723. T'ATJTSTT rnURCnES OF NOETn DEVON. 233 Arms: — Strode, iiupaliiiLf, nn n f'rss three escallnps, hctircen lira c/n'miii^cls (Trevanion). On an (i;il< seat in tlic opposite (Loughtor) aisle is the date 1G37, and a series of eight carved shields illustrative of Strode in alliance with Courtenay, and impaling, within 2}s (Ei'le) ; ermine, a Jess, thereon a crescent (Strode of Parnham '.) ; a chcrrnn hefireen three r/riffins rampant (Button) Milliton and Peniles. Sir llichard Strode, son of Sii- William (ol). ir)37), married first, Mary daughter of Sir llohert Strode of Parnham, Dorset, secondly, Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Ei-le of (Jharhorough, Dorset. Willia,m his son, married Ann daughter of Sir William Button. Courtenay. Chitdleigh. — On the north side of the Chancel of Chudleigh Chui'ch, says Polwhele, is a handsome monument. On the top are the arms of Coiu-tenay witli a crescent for dijfereuce impaling Shilston. Above the pilaster on the k'ft are the arms of Clifford with a crescent cJuinjed tmth a mullet, signifying that he was the third son of the second house. On tlie right are the same aims of Clifford impalmg Staplehill. Below this inscription : — Sr Pierce Courtetuty marled Elizabeth ye daufjhter of Robert Shilston, who had issue vij children ; Carew, Edward and James, sonna ; also dauf/hters Katharine, mar. to Kenipthorn ; Dorothij mar. to Coiulinge; Ann mar. to Clifford, and Joan maried to Trenuiijne. Beneath are the figures of a man in armour, and a woman kneeling at desks, and on an altar stone below, this inscrijition : — Here lieih the hody of Sr. Pierce Courtney, Kiwyht, Sonne to Sr. Wilm. Courtney of Poivdra. Kniyht; who died Ano: Do: 1552, j^lay 20, Also the body of Dame Elizabeth Itis ivife, sole dau(/hter and loeire to Robert Shilston of Bridstotve, esquire, xvIm died Sth No: Ano: Do: 1605. This Sir Piers or Peter Courtenay was second son of Sir William Courtenay of Powderham (ob. 1533) by his wife Margaret, daughter of Sir Richard Edgcombe. His son Edward married a daughter of Tliomas Moor of Taunton. He wa.s buried iu S. Margaret's Church, Westminster. On the north side of the altar is a brass with this inscription : — 284 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Give tJianJis to God for Ediuanl Courtenay, Esq., 8(ni and heir of Sir Peter Courtenay, of Devonshire, Knight, who living a life agreeable to his estate and stool; ended the same like a faithful Christian the 27th November L5o6, and is buried before this stone. He left two daughters, Anne married to Aiitliony Clift'ord, from whose son Thomas is descended the pi'esent Lord Clifford of Uo-brook, and Margaret married in Jositus Calmady, father to Sii' Sliilston Calmady. (Cleveland). Sii- Shilston Calmady was killed in a foray diu'ing the civil wai-. " A skirmish," says Mr. Davidson, '"' took place in the village of Membury on 13th February lG45-(), respecting which we have no fvui:her particidars than that he was killed on the occasion in the o-atewav of Ford house." He was buried in Membury Church, and against the north wall of the chancel a moiddering monument may yet be seen, which bore the folio wmg inscription, with his arms : — Azure, a cJtevron, hetiveeu three pears pendant or. In memory of Shilston Calmady, Knight, tvho dyed the 13 daye of Feb. Ano. Dni. 1645. This Toomb's sublimed to a shrine, and doth containe An lioUer Saint than could all legends faine, WJiose virtues supersede our spice and haulme, Wliose name perfumes ye breath yt sounds the same. As when (tfy's inrinrcd in amber, 'twere Less gaine to live than finde such sepulchre. So lifs not ivorth such honor as to have Fame write his ej/ilapih, hearts afford his grave. CouRTKNAY. I'n yJirnilntry.-- -Wv arms dI' ('mirtenay ap]:)ear nn tlie pillar ill tilt' aisle here, in conjunction willi the coat apjmrently of Wotton, " sdllirr liiiii-ccii l/irre phites. Accoi'ding to Lysons (Cornwall) Edward, sec\' Wot Inn In Landiakf in that county, and died A.D. Ia20. S|'I';kk. 77/'' ( ''e in tlu' Cathedral. Tlir Irrt <>i' the ethg-y of the knight (Sir .h>\m .Speke, oh. 1J18) rest , -J, I, ( ?), si'iii'u' (h' h/s, II riisfJi' f rip/i'-fiiircri'd icitli />ni-tc/i/h's raised (Sonnister). The arms of Speke occur quartered with Wynard on the vshield in Wynard's Hosjiital, Exeter, and among the sliields in Seaton Churcli. .s^--''-' ^-.C..' Spike Chantry, The Cathedral. Skrecn, Seaton Ciiiirth. Sir John Speke married a daughter of WilUam Somaster of Nether Exe, and had issue John, who maiTied Jone daughter and heir of John Wynard, and had i.ssue John and George. At the end of the south transept of the Church of Brampford Speke is a ntniiumental arch, ogee shaped, cusped, with whinipled heads at then' extremities. There are no remains of a tomb or flat stone under. In I'-isln.]) Lacy's Register, says Dr. Oliver, "is the will of Sir Jolm Speke, proved 12 February 1448. He devises some bequests to this Churcli, and also to the poor both of this parish and Wembworthy. I suspect he was buried in the south chantry of this parish." The arch seems of earlier dtite, but the era would coincide with the alliance with Wynard. Bamfield. PoUhnore. — On a flat stone in the chancel is :- U 236 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE fH.CXX.V.il. Die larct 3fol)f5 iaaunfttiH rt SIgiu-s uv: riis pat. ft mat. tcLItUi iSauufirlti qui ijar crclta ft majfima rampana fifrt ffffiTit. Ai'ms : — Oil a hotd three niaUets (Bamtield), iin[)uliiig, »( eherroii between three lions heads erazed, crowned. (Pederton). At the end of the soiitli transept is a hxrge monument with the effigies of a knight in armour, his feet resting on a d(ig, and his lady in Elizabethan costume, her feet on a ram, as the badge of her family : — Momimentum Richardl BamfUdi aiiit/ifjeri el Elizabethcv lucons ejus, ohlit Jac Mail 29, 159-1, ilia Mart'tl 1599; extructum Amuv Bartifildi, equitls aurati, vieecotnitis Deconuv, fdii et hcermlis sul raense Mali Anno Dni. 1()04. Hie tremibunda honi requiescunt membra Richil Bampjddi ; Patriiv lausque decusque sure, Hunc juxfa et Coujux jacet Elizabetha fidelis cJiarus et innatls, clai us uterque suis corpora terra tegit animas habet aula Tonantis, et stafuas retinet Urna polita siias. Hunc struxlt tumuliim clari Genetoris amore Fdlus : His junxit siemmata clara sui. Virit post fvnere virttis. 1. Arms: — A shield ([uarterly nt* eight — 1, Bam field ; 2, a tiiaunch (Hastings) ; 3, a lion raiiqimit (lluxham) : 4, within a Jtordare hezantec, on n fess three emsshts (Faber) ; 5, a iieiid. hettreen three griffins' Jieads erazed (Pederton '.) ; (J, Se)nee of crass/ets, et lion ^x«.ss«?i< (Pederton '.) : 7. tn-a cherroiis, a l(d>el of three (St, Maure) ; 8, Semec of cross! ets, a lion raiapanf (Pederton^) 2. The above achievement imjialing. (|iiarterly of ibur, -I, t/iree rams passant (Sydenham) ; '1, a hcjul. j'usihi ; ;!, (( chermn hettreen six roses or (jiititrefoils ; 4, as I. 3. A shield (|uart('rly of foui', — 1 and I, Senn'e <-/ mses or (pialnjods, , lliirri/, nchiilij. John I'-aiiilii'ld iiianii-d Julm daiiglilcr <>\' lluxliaiii: Tliuiiias, bis son, Agues daughter of .ImIim |'':iIiim-; .lulm, his snn. Agues datigliter of .lolui Pederton; William, his son, Margaret daughter ol' .b.hii St. Maure; lulward, his son, Eli/al)eth daughter of Pvieliaid Wadham ; itichaid, his son (Slicrilf IWKLSH CnUllCHES OF NOUTH DEVON. 237 of Devon, '20tli Klizabetli), Klizaljetli (luuu;liter of Sir John Sydenham of Br\Mn|)tnii in ScinuTsi't. In the aisle is a flalstciiie : — lOfiT lm\) 3o\)n iSampfiflti, iSaioiiftt, Uil)o liifti Sipiill . . . Kijo m tl)f 4u ))frif of ijis . . . Arms: BaniHeUl, inipahng (( chevron hetivccu tliree leojxinls' heads (Copleston). John Ba'niiield, created a baronet 14th July 1641, man-ied Gertrude daughter of Annas, and sister and coheir of John Copleston of Coplestone and Warleigh. Brass Effigies in Decuu. Devonshire is not rich in brasses, comparatively with stone effigies, nevertheless a considerable number exist, and of much interest. Many of these have necessarily been noticed and described in connection with the imposed figures, illustrative of their history, and -while dwelling on this subject, although the whole have been carefully and accurately described in a previous volume of the Society's l'ranmctiu)is, it may not be deemed out of place, if short references to the more notable of the re- mainder, not touched on here, be appended, as a help to a general view and. sunnnary of memorial sculjiturc remaining in the County. At Stake-Fleming (Division III) are the effigies of John Corp and Elyenore . . . under a rich canopy ornamented with quatrefoils, battlemented, and with lanthorn lights at the ends and in the centre. The male figure is habited in a long gown with coUar, tight sleeves, open in front from the waist downwai'd, edged round the sldi-t, and cuft'ed at the ■BTists with fur. Over the right shoidder he wears a highly ornamented belt fi-om which depends a large anelace or dagger. The hair is parted in front and curled at the sides, the beard foi'ked, and the shoes long and pointed. Tlie lady wears a crenelated head-dress with three rose shaped ornaments in front, and a flying veil over. The gown is tight fittmg about the hi- Brass of John Corp, Stoke Fleming. 238 SErULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE liDdice, -witli tlie usual vow of small studs along the sleeves, and a set of larger buttons down the breast. She stands elevated on a pedestal, and both have their hands joined in prayer. Below is this inscri])tion : — 2nm ([ passfS prp p Slol) : Corp v^' eipniorr . . . nurp llf)f5 Difiir pur d)antc q Ur lo almrs me mriff. ^Imni. Under the male :-- - ©bitt ill riir ^'fi 3foI): €\uag;iii6tf 30 Dm mtUmo rrrl" • Under the female : — • OMt in Uic ^ri (Sfovg: 2nm ST'ni mtUmo rcrlrpv pnino. The brass is in the Hoor of the nave of the (liureh, and the inscription in Frencli, one of the very few fnuid in that buiguage in the County. At DartiiiDUtli the splendid exampk' ^f Sir dolni Hawley and his two A^'ives (Divisions 111. IV) in the eliaiicol of St. Saviour's; he stands in the centre in complete plate armotir, with one liand on his lichly ornamented sword belt, and the other holding thr liaial df (iii(> of liis wives: his feet re.st on a linn. The ladies are habited exactly alike, their hair braided and jewelled with cover-chief over, cote bardie, long sleeves closely buttoned, and gown ; at the feet of each are two dogs, collared, w-ith bells attached. The lady the knight is su[>])orting, places the other hand on her breast, the lady oj)posite lias her hands jnim'il in prayer. Uclow is this inscription : — IMr jncct lifiifrabil'S lur SioannfiS baulcp, istius ranccUc funtiator qui obnt m liif Dffrinbrts, :3[nno V>\\\. m . . . Df.vtr jacft ujL* fju5 prima noir Jiobiia, que obtit fii tur 3iulii 31niio Sl^ni intla rfrmo nonagrsto qrto: in partf ... a :3(lifta que obut \m bir 3)anuar, ::;inno 3?ni nitUorrrrmo trrtto quor annnabusi propinrtur DniG, 2\w\\. Portlon.s of a ricli canopy exist over the Hguros. John llawley is said \n have died 1408, and was oiu> of the greatest inercliaiits I ).o t niMiilJi (ir iMrli.ips Devonsliirc lias cnci kno\\n. lie \vas PA-RI.'^TT riTUKCHES OF NOimi DEVON. 23'J seven times Mayor nf that tnwii, and so large was Ur' iiuiiiIxm- nf his sliips tliat a saying arose — ]?lo\v tlio wind liijj;li, blow tlie wiml low, It lildwi'tli giioil to ll:iwley"s lioc One lit' his wives, i)rcihal)lv' the last, was Emmeliiif ilauo-htor of Sii- Tiohert Tresilian, (.'hirt' .liistice of England. Elizabctli his daughter and heir married .Tohn ( 'npU'stinu' of (Jopleston, Colebrooke, wlmse gravestone probably occurs in the north aisle of that church. Anus of Hawley : — - Anjcnt, three InnitiiKj liuriis and a hroad arrow sahic in pale, feathers and head or. (Pole.) In the same church is a small figure of a female (Division IV '.) in loose gown and sleeves, witli horned head-dress. No inscription is left, or armorial l)earings. At Bighurij two elHgies veiy similar in costume, which may be referred to Division IV. One occurs accompanied by the matri.x of a knight, and the stone is |iiiwd(n-pd witli scrolls that bear alternately- — She wears a mitred head-dress, with cover chief, cote-hardie, gown and mantle over ; ai'ound her neck a (Ljuble chain and pater-noster cross. At her feet are two dogs with collars and bells. A portion of the ledger fillet remains thus inscribed: — et Comina €lt6abctlj u]i-or nus nupcr ujror £l)jmc ^ruuQfl cjm She is conjectured ti-ightleigh, — (rides, a chief indented sable; — of (Jubluigh, ijjnitidii (>/' six o|)l('. ( )ii a Hat stone a cross is iiu-iscil, and nioiiud mi tlic ledgvr lini' is lliis iVa_i;'iiK'iit nt' inscrip- tion ivmainiiig : — )i}:c jacct ILlugo iflggfjdl . . . ([ui obiit . . . Iiiibiij. tiu5 aic pin'ctur tius- . . inc. . . Tn the liasc of tlie cross is ;i shield charged with three iviiKjs dependent. The date was probably 1488. This is a memorial to a member of the family of Michelstowe or Myghellstowe, antiently of Lanteglos-by-Fowey m Cornwall, extinct at au early period. One of them married a coheiress of Giffard of Thuborough, Devon. The coheiresses of Michelstowe married Treffry and Wollacombe. Their arms were, mUe, three trint/s, tiro and one, argent. (T.ysons.) At the intersection of the cross is the small brass effigy of a knight, liareheaded, but otherwise in com- plete ariuovir. Below this inscription: — ^tao far tl)c sotoU of fflastcv Hobcrt ffato ffisquicr, soniu anti Ijcgtr of 5ir Klillm Caio iiingg|)t, iuljidjc l\obcrt bcccssoti tijc ib tag of 3unc in tl)e gctc of our ilotti ©oti in.bal. o' iniios sotok 3Hju Ijaiic m'cg. Probably the Robert C'aiy wlio married, first, Agnes daughter of Lord Chief Baron Huddye, secondly, Jane daughter of Sir Nicholas Carew, and thirdly, Margaret daughter of William Fulkeram. At Yeahnpton, the interesting brass effigy of Sir John Crocker. He is represented in complete annoui' with skirt and collar of mail, bareheaded, and with sword and misericorde. His head lests on a helmet, and his feet on a lion. Below is this inscription:— Jtjir jacct .Hofj'cs froUkrr miles qtionbam Cipijorarius ac Sicjnifcr illuslrissimi fatri regis ^tiuarbi quarti, qui obiit liii tiic itlarcii, ifn'o D'ni fflillts'o quiugcnlrsimo octabo. This Sir John Crocker was Cup and Standard-bearer to King Edward IV, who is said to have granted viiimi°on, a'^ ";.8. 242 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE him an uniijue crest, tliei'eon. n drinkiiKj nip ar. iiuth three Jienr dc Iijs issiianf therefrom, diid ehisliops-Nymet, by his wife Joan daughter of Sii- Thonm^ l>eaumniii of Shei-wilH and bis two wives, Elizabeth daughter of .lohn Demiys of < )rlegli. b\ whom he had i.ssue four daughters, and Honor daughter oi Sir Thomas Crenville. lie was Shei ill of Devon, Kith H/i'd Soe good soe gracious he had necer diji'd. Huic eliatih inseritiir cippo Susanna arranna prefitti Johannis consors aniiqaa, liliieltornrii (de Holcombe-Rogus) prosapia oriunda qua; fatis ressit 22" die Apvilis, Ano Dni. 1662. Et sic Noblle par una pariter reqidescit in uraa Uxores uxor, vir superans que viros. Here sleepes a, n.oble payre icho were in lyfe, Hee best <>f inisJxinds, nhee of irives the u-ife. Moiivmentu'ui Vln vera generoxi Jolo^nnis liassel. de Ifciiiitui) Cunrf arnug : paternm gVrice virtufumque, Imredit obiit I'V'" die Mali OAino cetate 33''" a.nno dnXAi;Ainv Mer'li dlv ddbi'iil supcrstilem. NORTH DEVON. 245 TARISII CIII'IU'IIKS OF In litir ctiain cemeteno Idcliri/miK »uoru: uiii: tuta irnr/ua condiUbv Elhabctha pre/at l Johaimls coiiju.r dilectissiiiM u'lilca Arthibri Acldand de Bittadoii m-miy: film flore P^tj-'^J''4'-J-^"' Sir Thomas and Dame Joan Tfrook, Thonicombe Church, A.D. 1419-37. 240. SEPULCHE-\L EFFIGIES IN THE Olditch Court, their antient seat, is now a iiiiii. only a few portions of broken wall, a gateway arch, and |)art nf a turret covered witli luxuriant i^y, remain. '• Tn 1428, Abbot Nicholas Wysbeche of Neweuham was appointed a mediator, with five of his neighbours, in a dispute between Sir William Bonville of Shute. and Joan the ^\'idow of Sir Thomas Brooke, aiising from the Libstructioii of several public roads and paths in the formation and inclosure of tlie park at Weycroft by the lady and her son. The transci'ipt of the instrument has been preserved -which recites the circum- stances of the case at great length, and concludes with an award, which, as the Abbot was nominated by the Lady Brooke, does credit to his jvLstice as an mnpire as well as to his hospitaUty ; im- after deciding on every point in fivour of Sir Willinrn Bonville, and directing all the ways in (piestion to he thrown open to the pulilic, it concludes by directing that the knight and the lady should lide amicably together to Neweuham Abbey, on a day ap])ointed. whvM tliey should exchange a kiss in token of .peace and friendship, aud dine together at the Abbot's table. The deed is dated at Axminster, oJi the 13 August 1428." (Davidson). Pyne, — Mai. LACK. A.f month. (hi ;i fiat stone within the communioji rails at Axmouth Churcli is a tlat stone, having on it the arms of Pyne sciiljiturcd, ijidt's, a chevron between three pine npjilcs or cones ^lr; and the fragment of an iiiscriptiim, of wliicli ■• IfcrcK/cs I'ljnc, (iciif.' only remains. Thouuus i*yne, a descendant of tlic inticmt f'nnilv of Pyne of East Downe, married Joyce a duughti^'r ol .lolm \\';i(lti:iiii of ( ';it hcrstone, Dorset, whose monument Is in llic ndjoiiiing church ol' ^Vhil(•h^rch- Canonicorum. fhey were settled ;ii Ibiyes, Axmouth, and had issue Hercules and others. Hercules n:,inicd Margery daughtei' of Jolur Yonge Ksi|. of (,'olyton. Ihiyes was ii porli^ni of the dismembered m;inor of Bindon, tlnongh tlic heiress of Wyke. who iiKinicd llayes. On a flat stone now ninch diimdrd. in the nave, ai'e tlie arms of Mallock : — jt^r chcmm enf/rai/rd or mid suhlr, mi three roiindJes three jlevr de hjs, nil eon nterehn luled : and (lie cl'cst, n enint iirin creel, ee.^tt'd or, therenii tn-o hinds ii'iirif snhle, in till' Inlnd jirojirr, i( iiiidlel o/ the first. PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 247 'I'lu' iusiTi|)tiiMi is ((I)literated, l)ut mi other stones neai" are found : — " KlrM})etli accitiKl irlfe of Mr. liu-lmnl Mallni-L- of Axmonth, daiK/hter of Sir Rlrhnrd Strode of Xinhiiiii. I(;!<3;'' ''Rirlmrd Mulhu-k. hlsij. 17'-'4;" and " A)nn' dmiij/itcr if I'nhcrt m/d ^liuie Deruii;/, jirsf iciff ti, Itlclmrd Midlack, I^sij.. sfcnndlii 'f Uolnii Checkc of Jioe.-itdou'iie, 1744." T1h> M;ill;icks were )inil>;il)ly of Steps House, Axmouth, a lar^e picturesque dismantled dwellini;- situ;ite close to the village. They purchased that ])iirfii)ii iif the niaiKir tli.it I'auie to Alice Wj'ke the wife of' llu^-h Barry, and suLseipiently ac([uired the small adjoining parisli and manor of Rouse-downe. John Mai lack married Maud daughter of John Weston of C^olyton ; Richard his son, Joan daughter of William Sherman of Otterj ; Ricliaid his sun, Joan daughter of .Jnlm Yonge Esq. of Colyton. Neville, George. Bisltuji <>f Exeter. — The arms of this Prelate, a .ftdtirc, are found on a corhel supporting the label on the outside of the east window at Uraiiscninbe, the arms of the See occttpying the other. This window, of handsome design, appears to have been the latest addition to tliis antient and most interesting chtirch. Bishop NevUle presided over the See a.u. 1455-65. Strowbridge. Colyton. — Afiixed to the north side of the tower in Colyton Church is a brass plate : — liJCTE Igttb 3obn Strobcgg t|^c zXWa, late of tljc prsclj of Colloto. mdjant, toljicl) 3o!)it tJcccssnt) tJjc it liao off ScptcmbEt in tlje Dcrc of out iLorti ©oti, a Ibousanti crcccibi, on toljais souk SIju Ija&c mctco. Slmcn- The Strov>-bridire,i were (jf considerable local renown, and lived at Street- hayne, Colyton; a small portion of the old house remains, with fine oak ceiling and carved jianeling. W. Pole, Esq., the first resident at Shute, married Mrs. Tamsyn Beau- mont, widow, late wife of John Strowbridge, 1547 ; John son of John Strowbridge married Mrs. Dorothy Carwithen, daughter of Sir John Gaynford of Cowhurst in Sun-ey, knight, 1558; this lady was probably sister to Maiy, second wife of Sir Wdliam Courtenay of Powderham (ul). 153G), who outlived her husband and married, secondly, Sir Anthony Kino-ston. who as Provost-Mar.shal of the King's army that, defeated the 248 SEPITLCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE rebels in Devc )nshii'e, signalized liimselt' by many cruel and barljarovis executions afterward. (Cleveland). Arms of Thomas Strowbridge, a.d. 1580: — Orey in(te)- ]^>roper, a hriiJi/c t>/ fcir arches mosoned and haffJe- onented, tlicmm c stuff' ini]( pcutuni hoisted, c crescent fa}- difference. TaelstocL ^Ihbeij. — With tlie exeeptidU of the gate-house and some other fragments, the whole of this large I\Ionastery, wliich, says Dr. Oliver, '"eclipsed eveiy religinus Imuse in Devnnshiiv. in the extent, convenience and magnificence of its Iniildings, has been destrrdgar, Eai'l of Devon (a.d. iXil), who were co- Founders of the Monastery. Qtieiy, if it l>e nnt ;i portion of the work of Abbot Robert Champeaux aider Campell, during whose government (1285-1:128) several parts of the Abbey were rel)uilt, ])articularly the Conventual Church which is said to have been ."578 feet long, without including the Lady Chapel, and which was dedicated, with its t\vi> ahars in the nave, liy Bisho]) Stapledon, 21 August L;!18 ^ (Oliver). This granii Church was tinally taken down in 1G70. -^.fm^c \^'^y'0'^'' ^ -■^■^'^ ■ ^ "v ■ •Jill I ,s.«*iljt^«. a-'X . '^ t; 'I III- Abbey was lessed \'irgin and S. I'lunon. Ablidt liicliard I'.uiliain was created a Uiitred alilint ])y King Ibiny \'Jii, PARISH CIIUKCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 24 9 22 January IjI:!; his successor in tlie al>l)aey, Jolui Peryu, surrendered his niDiiastery to tlu- sainr inoiiaich, 2() Ajiril .'list Henry VI 11, 1540. Ai'Uis lit' Ahhey: — Vnin- or nml ir.iirc, mi /' l/ic /irs/ tim inuJlct-s, ynles (OHwr). llriill ( )i,i)ii.\.\i. liisliMj) (//' /\. refer. — The (|uai]iL ivhus ni' this |irelate, whose t'rtigy reclines on a tnnili in his i_>\vn highly-ornanicntcd mortuary Chapel hi tlie Cathedrah is found on one of tlie ])illars of tlie Dorset Chapel at Ottery S. Mary, and also among the decorations of his Chantry. Born at Maueliester and eduL-aled at (Queens College, Cam- Rcbn^ of Bishop Oldham. bridge, in 1483 he was made Dean of Wimbourne Minster. In 149o, Chaplain to Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby, mother of Henry VII, and by her interest had great preferment. In 1494 she presented him to the rich sinecui-e rectory of Chesluuit, and in 14U5 to the rectory of S. Mildi-ed, Bread street, London. In 1495 Prebendary of St. Alban, in the Cathedral of Sarum ; 1490 Prebendary of Ne\\dngton in St. Paul's, London ; 1497 of Lincoln ; 1499 of York, and Master .it S. Leonai-d's Hospital, Bedford ; 1500 to the rectory of ShiUingston, Bedfoixl ; I.'jOo Pi-ebendary of Lichfield, and 1504 l?ishop of Exeter. He died Jvme 25, 1519, and was buried in the Chapel of S. SaA-iom- at the east end of the south choii- aisle in the Cathedral. It seems almost incredible the number of preferments ecclesiastics were pernn'tted to hold about this era. The inscrij)tion on his tomb records : — l^if jacft Dugo (T^lDani €p5. qi obiit jrjrlv tut Jnnu an Dm. millo rrrcc jlijl'. Cuis a 250 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE His arms were — Sahh', a checron or, hciireen three ofls anjciit. ou a chief of the sccDiid IIS nxiivi roses h' Prtorij. — The ( 'luniac Priory [of 8. Mary Magdalene was foundefl in the reign oi' William the C^onquei'or, by Joel the son of Alured, and made dependent on S. Martin's in the Fields near Paris. Seventeeii Priors appear to have presided over the Foundation, ending witli I'rior Robert Thorne, who suirendered his Convent to King Henry A'lII, 4 February 15.3G. "In the garden of tliis Priory," says Risd'on, "was lately tlic pi-opoition of a kni^dit Ivin*; cross-Ieu-cred, with his sword and shield, .seemfng to be one of those who h id vowed a voyage to the Holy I/md for tliat sacred warfare, removed out of the Church at the dissolution. dd SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Robert Thome, tlie last Prior, had fur his device a rowhurh leaning to a hawthorne in an escutcheon, with tlie word bert interposed, and this under written — Caprum cum spina proteijat divlna potesias. No trace of the eifigy or the Prior's rebus is now visible. , ^ ^ Two shields M-ere, however, found some l<#/^^ ^^'f^J yeai-s smce among the ruins, and have been preserved in a modei'u residence built on the site. On one are the arms of the Priory, gules, a hencl or, a label of three. The other, an escutcheon quai'terly of foiu-, and encu'cled by the riband of the , „. Garter and nictto, is aiiparcntly an Barnstaple Prioo'- ^ ^ ^ achievement commemorative of Thomazine Hankford and Sir William Bourcliier, who were doubtless patrons and benefactors to the Priory. 1, Quarteidy of f>ui-: — 1 and 4, France modern, 2 and o, England modern, all within a hordure argent, for difference (for Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of King Edward III) ; 2, a hend, eotized, hettoeeii .six lioncels rampant (for Hmnphry de Bohun, Earl of Essex, wlm luarricd tht; Princess Elizabeth, seventh daughter of King Edward 1) ; 8, (( eheo-on [harnj HHinj, argent and sable?) (for Thomazine Hankford \\ife of William Boin-chier, Earl of Eu, and daughter of Sir l\icliard Hankford of Annery, ami liis wife Elizalfclh daughtei- nl" I'ulk Lend Fitz- Warroii) ; -4, <' hend eotiyd between six lioncels, on. flic bend three mullets pierced — Bohun, with difference (for Eleanoi- liulnin wife of Tliomas of AVoodstnrk-. i>ukc of Gloucester, mullicr ul' Anne I'laiitawenet wife of William ISourcliici-, wlm was (lie ludther of Wiliiaiii Bourchier who married Thomazine Hankford.) This Eleanor was eldest da,ughter ol iliiiii|iliiy ilo ilohuii. son oi' \\'illi;iiu dc liolniii ;iiiil tho i'lince.ss Elizabeth daughter of l<",(l\\,iril I. Ilcncc the three vmllets on thr bend, being ;ido]ilei! I'oi' (IKlcrenre of deseeiil anil to filiew lier liositioh ill ilii' iiiiiiii slein of I'.oliuii. Tlie er'^seiiit o\c'r all in PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 253 the centre of the shield would denute the position of Williiini liovnvliirr, who was second son of William Bonrchier, Earl of En. Oliver de i^olnni, another cotemporaiy descendant of the house of Bohini, differenced the parent coat hy the addition of tltrce escaUojys on the Ix-nd. [iiciscd JC(fi(/ic.'i on stoiu: — This form of memorial, although very fretjnent in the adjoining comity of Cornwall, is seldom found in the Chvu'ches of Devon. ( )nly two have been observed, both priests, one at Morthoe on u high tomb, as previously described, and the other on a flat stone in the pavement of Whyting's aisle at Kentisbeare. The latter is almost obhterated, and is accompanied with the following fragment of inscription, pointing appai'ently to about the middle of the fifteenth century. — qttontid qui obiit pli) Uif mrnsis «Pctobn5 anno "Dm incccc propirtet Dpus. :3[mfn. Probably others may exist, and doubtless some have been entirely obliterated, sharing the common fate of incised crosses and ledger hne inscriptions. In the fine Chmx-h of Boston, Tancolnshire, where tdmost every example of Christian monument is found, numbers of these incised effigies occur in the pavement, and some of them have the singular distinction of having the space for the faces of the flgures let in of alabaster. Incised Crosses. — Among the many forms of meuKjrial sculpture employed there is perhaps none of a more touching and unobtrusive character than that of the simply incised cross, diversified into the almost endless variety its forai is hapj)ily susceptible of receiving, and which, together with its accompanying ledger-line mscription, is often fouml on the large flat gi^avestones in tlie antient floors of our parish churches. — " Flat smooth stones that bear a name, (Thf chisel's slender help to fame,) ' M'hich, ere our set of friends decaj', Their frequent steps may wear away."' — Parnell. And, as a consequence, diV 2.01 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE •• Who.-f names and titles few attempt to read, '. lid English letters, and those halt' pieked out. Leave us, unskilful readers, much in duuljt.'' — Craljlie. Owing to tlu- pn^gress of restoration these nieiuuvials, wliirh nre fve- qtienth only faintly discerniiile and gradually disappearing, are too often tlioroughly effaced in repaying the aisles, where the stonemason's chisel is industriously passed over every stone alike, tliat general ' neatness' l)e effected. Sometimes these stones are siuidered and the fragments inserted in various places, forgetful oi' the care that, overcoming the great antient ditiiculty of transit, those of olden time sought by this method to perpetuate the menniry of their dead. An earnest plea is here recorded for their future preservation, and where an incised cross is fnmd with its attendant inscription, or tlie .cross hy itself,, or its. border .legend, that it be carefully preserved and replaced over the dust that rests in hope beneath its shadow, and if necessary the lines and letters carefully lecut. Sm'ely, viewed as ornamental acce.ssories. independent of the moral obligation for llielr ])reservation, tlu- appearance of a few of these memorials in iln' ]i;ivt'ni('nt of our i-liurches would greatly relieve the dull and often insipid monotony of tiles. A .small juniibei- ol these incised crosses li;i\e been included. , At rolci^li, Kilmiii^^l'in. .Mcinl.iiry, 1 . lir.i .insLunibc. i'AK'ISII ClIUKOHES OF N(»J!TH DEVON. S.j: Hraiiscomlii- utolnn' ou ihyrccs. pi-esumably tin- a priest, with tliis iiistri|) ticii : (PiMtf p aia 3ol)n iDrDraunt. At (.'otleigh in llic iinrtli nislr. |)i-ul)al)l\ I'm ;i mcinlicr nl' tlir Ia' Jcwt finniK', ami als.i ,-it K ilniiiio-tnii. /xiiitt'c. At Meinl)urv and i<'ai'\\av. ^ ^ ihs i IJccr-Kcrrers. HiirwooJ. 12 yv I'udlcigli. Membury. Citilonipton. 256 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE fleurie. also at Budleigh (further described under that title) with this inscription : — «2?iate pro ata 3iol)aun Ealrj^i) m-ons oLlaltvi Ealfpl) quf obnt y Dif mms. ^lugustt anno 33m mere At Beer-Ferrers is a cross described under that name, and at CuUomptou another fleurie de Ji/.'<, the t<{' Per])eiulicular chanicter, similar to that at the Palace, and pinKably erected about tiie same time. Dr. Oliver gives a description of it: 'the great hall retains a stately mantel piece Avhieli was placed here l)y I'recentor John (Joombe (or De Combe). He died in oiHce 14!)!), and his initials appear on either side. While Dr. i\Iilk's tilled the same dignity between 1747 and 176:2, he repainted it and surmounted it witli tlie ai'ms of his family and those of his father-in- law Dr. Jolui Potter, whu (Hod Archbishop of Canterbury hi 1747. Dr Milles was elected Dean of Exeter 28 April 1762, and dying in London 16 February 17cS4, ;et. 70, was l)uried in S. Edmund's, Lombard street. On the de.'j) moulding, I. Precentors impaled with Roger Keys, a chevron between three keys erect (he died in olhce 11 November 1478, and was successively rector of Doddiscombleigh, Canon of Exeter, and Archdeacon of Barnstaple ; 2. Bishop Grandison's ; 3. Bishop Lacy's ; 4. Precentors and John de Combe (John de Combe was the founder of the Grammar School at Crewkerne). Below the moiddings :^1. In the centre the arms of S. Edward, King and Confessor, as impaled. King Pilchard II, with the arms of France and England ; 2. Dexter, the see of Exeter imjjaled with Courtenay ; 3. Intended eitlier for William Breuer or Walter Stapledon, who, from the Precentorship, were raised to the see of Exeter l)ut neither had fhj-ec bench war//. The arms of the former were qules ttvo bends wavy or; and of the latter arr/ent, two bends wavy sable." It was vmderstood at the time of the demolition of the old buildino- that this mantel -piece would be presei-ved and re-erected in the new one. Izacke (Antiquities of Exeter) says Precentor John Keys died in 1470 and lies buried in tlie quire of the Cathedral, and gives this inscription: Ipic lacft 3fol)annes l^eps, piMrantor Ijujus Ccrlesi'a, et funtiator primus masScT rclcbranticT post I^oram Dfcimam, qui obiit unDecimo Hie J3oliembris Ijoc anno. Tlie Vicars College, Exeter. — The gateway to tliis Ijuildino-, which was situate almost directly opposite the west entrance to the Cathedral, has recently been taken down. The following description of the scidptures thereon is quoted from a recent account. — '• Bishop Brantyngham in the year 1387 erected a common liall. 258 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE chamV>ers, kitchen and other appendag-es, ' pro ipsorum ni-ta-Kn-itm rnlitihitntiiinc I'ifoijue communi,' and ll^' his iiniudate to the Dean and ("hapter, or in the absence of the Dean, to tlie l^resident of tlie Chapter, and tlie Precentor, Chancellor, Treasurer, and Canons, bearing date from his manor nf Clist, 4 November 1388, he required tliem to see. that the Vicars resided therein, and i)bserved liis statutes." On the inside of the entrance over the arch are the arms of Bishop Brantyngham : — .'<tless at the time iliis part cif the ( 'alemlerhay was converted into a ilw fllingliouse, o|- umlrrweni con- siderable alteration. John llysc, the ally of I?isho]) ( »l(lliani. ;i|iptMis to have i-e-ediHed the College Mall, and iirobably ibe anangement of the other end was dii'ected by the same liaiid. In one of the upjier rooms in this linilihng, o\t>r the uiantel piece, is a shh'ld, oil which, n lieiid lieiirnKj three uidrllets. Ijiiu'reii thri'C (/rifiiHs' heads, enized, inipahng, Jire j'usds in Jesse, <( eanlon ni the de.rter ijimrter, and cremeiit for difference. Crest: " (jriffins head ein-.eil. Bi.shop Bra.ntyngha Ill's desecrated gravestone hrs in i he na\-e ot' tin' Cathedral, a.s previously describnl. \Vesle(.to thus imiiees him. "lie was a chif.'f bcMicfactor to llio \'ie;irs ('linral : iiis inirrineiit w,is iinder ;i rhapi.'l bnilded bv himself in the Imdv of i he ( 'hureh. heiwi-in ihr north door rARTSII cillTUniEH OF NOK'Tll ])i;V()\. L')9 jukI the iKiitli tDW'LT ; the chapel was lately iltninlislifd, lnu i he slmie, sometime inlaid with hrass, (Hily remains to testify it, hM liis cpitniili is worn DUt or rent away with the l)ra.ss.'' 'i'he Bishop was Lmd 'I'r.'asmer (jf England, and nne i>t' the Kin<^\s Privy (yomicil, and died 3 Decendier The chinmey ])iece in the Cullege Hall is oi-na,meJited with sever.i! coats nl' ;nius. ()ii the fascia are five shields, u:i which are .sculptured the aims of liisliops Marshall, Grandison, Brantyngham, Lacy, and Oldham, and oil the moulfling a,l)ove in the centre, are the arms of the Treasure)- of Exeter, a salfirc eiKjrdlled hctivem foui- /ro/xfrds' faces. In the spandiils are the initials T. A. or T. V., and on the capitals of the jiilasters at the sides, apparently " Dui Ul ll X' ll," the remainder hidden hv the paneling. Rly on the frieze at Ford Abbey is the doable j'ose, eronmed, encircled b;/ f/ie darter, and supported by tlie dragon and greij- hoiind ol" Henry \\\. The portcidlis of Beaufort at F OOOD i .ii o & o DO DO J P P p G iT ll,-,,r> \ II. lord Al)ln.y appear tlie arais of the sa.me King, Fiaiirf and England quarterly, supported by the greijlnmnds of York. 'I'hr osi n^ii featin'r and label at Bnxdninch, allusive jn-obably to Henry VHI when Priuc; of Wales, and on the vicarage porch Colyttjii, and the skreen Bridford, is the double ee 2 GO SEl'T'LOHEAL EFFIGIES IN TITE rose <>[' tint monarch in conjuaction with the /H>m('(/r<(»'(tc n\' Ms lirst Queen, K;ithiriiie ><( An-.tTon. Two antient examples ot' tlie royal ciMwn have also been iiu-liuled, nnf with hii'li arclifs from Bishoi) ( 'oiuleiiav's Hciny \"l H. l:raclniiK-1i and Lulylou. chimney-piece in the I*a!i:", iho othi-r with depressed arches and iitfiiJa-, from an antient iron h.Mrth-l):u-k. probably temp. Henry VI 11. at a form house near Mnsl)ur\. henry Vll.-llic Palace Meniy \lll. Mnainiy. Ot/iir />tul:/('S ((.III J,'i'lris<:<, .\iii iii^' tht'sr iua\' bi' lioticfd the /v/n,' of Wadhiim at Rewe and Uraiisrombc : thr ani|il.iii; the /. />'. "/"/ Inidr-irnniJ \'nr ( '.iiion I'lcrrwood at ( 'olyton : the nettle leaf of .Malh'-rbc. al ["'oiiiton ; the liensini III' lirih/rlini/ of S|>cko In Ills chapel in E.xeter ('itheilral : ih • hitrse sliie ami rmhlrr cif f'ciii'rs at Herr-Ferrcr-i. Callint^ton. and ai N-cwton i'.ushcll. where the Imrse sJioe occin's in eonjiiiiction with the irnirrhoiii/rl of \iii(l : the ■■ c.v-st« of B<>urc:iiier ;i.iid Willoughhy de Broke are remarkable, htjt\t l)»ing //«''/<'■« hen/la couin-d lit the :ihi>ulders, one Bourchier. fjeing pr^ljahly intended for a Sdiriren'a inth 'I jM'tiked cap on, the other. Willoiighhy de Broke, a MfK>>'i< ajroaet- ted II lit I 'i-ith earrimj>t. St'i- of Exeter — Arnis. — Two antient examples are given, one from the pirch t.f the Vicarage, Coly^>n, temp. Bishop Vey.sey, and a second fr.^m Tdcuts of Newenham and Ford Abbeys. Shute gateway, Ac, have been afforde<^l by the kindness of Mr. G. P. R, Pulman, the author of 77m|)anying notices of the Monumental and Memorial Sculpture that all e.xisting examples of these most interesting remaias found in this large County have been chronicle*!, .similar to the effigies, within the prescribe*^! jjeriorl : but as large a selection lias been made as j*o««ible. These traces i>f po-st lives are largely sprinklefl over al»bey, church, hall, mansion, ^rateway, and chantr>', and verj' often a small and ci>mpanitively unim- ' re' ' ' 202 8EPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE portaiit lookm-- fragment — ;i badge, or nmiiogram, or shield — foiuis the text (111 which is hung a long and now perhai)S well nigh forgotten liistorv, containing individual associations, or perpetuating and contirniing traditions of great interest and historic value. Descriptions also of many of the other forms of Monumental Memorial, other than tliose on whom effigies recline, have been included — coffin-shaped stones, imised crosses, ledger-line grave stones, brasses, and higli tombs and canojiies. Many of these are of great and peculiar interest, although otteii not a letter or other sculptured sign remains on them to attest the name of the dust they cover, although occasionally the dai-k secret is wrested from the silent sepulchre, betrayed, it may be, by the faintest voice of tradition, and attested bv the unfading hues of a tattered but still sijarkling escutcheon in the adjoining window, or i-unningly devised cipher uiiol.)- trusivelv interlaced among the foliage of neighboui"ing screen or capital. '' 'J'lie toiulis Thine altars aiv, for there Wlien eartlily k)ves and hopes have fled, To Tliee ascends tlie spirit's prayer, 'I'liou (iod i>t' the iiniiiortiil dead. All >iiarc is holy, for all space J> filled hy Thee: hut Inuiian thmii^-ht ])Unis clearer in some chosen place, ^^'ll(M■o Thine own worils of love are taught. Jlere lie ilu-v tauL;lit : and may we know That, faith 'i'hy sei-\an(s know ri. — Four of these figures are fnuiul in the ( 'ounty, two in parisli ('hurches, and two in tlie Catliedrah One at Feniton pmhahly CDnnnenmrative of the exthiction of the name of Malherbe ; the otlier at Paignton, similarly placed, it may be, as a remenil)rance of the closely allied, but also extinct race of Kirkham. In the Cathedral one occurs in the monumental skreen of Precentor William Sylke, under the noith tower, with this inscription: — ^um qO fiis fupram q? qli f5 pr luf prrrar cCliUt; ^plUr . He died about a.d. 1508. The other is in the ni)rth choir aisle, on a Lnv tomb with a groined canopy over, and the arms of the See of Exeter in the spandrils, tloubtless erected to one of the Bishops. ( )ver is the inscription : — Istci figuia lioret 005 oair.ffi prfiiiftntan iDual'.tfr tpsf nofft iVlors quautio linut Domtnan. All tluse figures may be dated about the close of the fifteenth renlnry, and wei'e placed to I'eniind the beholder of his mortality, ISinular figures are I'ound on monuments up to the close of the se\enteenth century, there is one at S. .\ndiH'us. IMvniinub. ;ind anothei' :it Iloniton ( 'Kst . At tSontli Mims, near London, is ;i nidio with a. senll in It. ;ii:il In low ; — - Gliantlic and uaUlc, louire on, I'li;/ turn n.irdi/ tliijiic ''//''t'. This is nv str(Uii]u\iiiiiii( ij /'« llii/iw. l'i;i:( i:ntii a ciirlii'l III' (111' III' till' ( 'liaiici'l v\iiidii\\'s nl' I Siadiiincli ('liiii'rli is an aiiijfi-'l nt gniueful ilesiu'ii lii'ariiiL;' a shield, cliar^LMl witli I lie anus of the Precentor i>{" l<]xt'ter : — a sidtifc, rlninji'il iritli <( Jlmr i/r /i/s, iiiij>i>ltng, SI.'' rrossh'fs, jntfc /i/i-hr. /ri/crisc. (Norton.) Jticliard Norton was cnliated In the lii'iU'Hce l)y Bishup Uldham, 1507. The following year he hecame Sub- Dean nf Exeter, and .subsequently Rector nf llfrai'iiiid)e. Archdeacon nf Barnstaple, o August 1508, and Precentnr of Kxcter H Jauuar\ 1 a I •_'. H-j died 15"J:3. mmm The Citlicdial. Corbel, l>mdninch. Oratrstones to Eccleskistics in the CathedmL — The following early in- scriptions to members of the Capitular body are interesting : — Bishop William P.rcwer, 1244, in north choir aisle. — 266 SEPULCHEAT. EFFIGIES IN THE Hie jacet WiUius Breiver quondvi huis ecclesle cathedrcdis episcofjits jundator etiani iiii principalm: ciusdem ecclie diijaifainm. In S. Paul's Chantiy, 1400-15.— Hie jacet Willius Pylton qonda. canonics residentiaris hiiin ccdie Secretanufi regi Henrico quarto et ArcliuH Kborttc. lu novtli choir aisle, 1433. — Hie jacet Mafjint. Johcfi. Culnrurlhe quoda huis ecclie canoics . . . de PlijuioiUh qui obiit ([uarto die mensis Jioiii a,ano D,ii millo ccccxxxiij cuis aie .... i Cirnci'llnris, l»e or tunic guarded with t'ui', and hands raised in prayei', an interesting figure. — - Here. Iijflli the hod;/ uf (lilhari StiLp/cliill once Mdtor of . . . ilj/<'(l ihc 1") of . Beliiild ili'i sclfc. Ill/ iiLce I was ns fhov (irt i/iur. And lliov in fyine nJndl ha Ecu dutil. <(.s / (i,m noni So doth this fifjvi'c. ji((;/id, to thee TJie forme and. state, of (whc di-.f/iw. Arms: — I, Aiynt a rhcrron .sable, (Sta]ili'hill). ijuarterini;-. t/nre Jisli tiaiaid ih jiatf (^.Milliloii '.) ; 2, sable, tlirre liiltlcjilics, 2 and I, luycnt ( Penhelleck) ; 8, (Ferrers). Gilbert Sta])li'hill ^i' i»:nli ilh. sun nl' Walter Sl:i|ilehill nl' Ivxetei', mairied ('lieston dau'riitei- .if Alexander I'enhelleek nl' llilston in ( 'mn- wall, a yijunger liinm-h nf I'enhelleck n\' I'enhelleck in S. ('lenieni's. At Cocklin/tnn, Mrs. Wihnni ( 'ai'V and her I hree i!;ingliters, in eio'ly Elizabethan fijstnnie, tlieir h;ini|s JMlned in pi,i\ii-. The insciipl inn has been ])artly dcHtroyed. — PAlMSil (TIUUCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 269 . . . tumulatur MliUnotn cfTari) iivor ^Prorgii duy . . . Oflungton ^Krimgnt fiUa ft ulta IjfiTS . . . mils i?>i(rarOf Dr lUco Slimtcjfri qiu? pojtqiiam . . . s Duos fiUasq. trrs rji- martta susrcpit m . . . mo obnarmiiiit in Oir 3lunit 2nm Uni i..si. Anns : — liarDii, divy, quarteiiiio- P>ii:ii(. Holldway, and Orchanl, inipalint"-, fciniuc. (iiffiircl. '''//// iTrscnit /'or (Ji/i'cn'nre, (ind foiD- other quar- tcruKjs. Sir George ("ary, lier ImisIkuk!, uI). I(ili», Lord Deputy of Ireland (wlu)se biograpliy is L;-i\en hy Prince) was grandson of Robert Gary, Esq., by his Hrst wife Jane, daughter of Sir Nicholas CWew, and whose brass efligy is presumably in ('lovclh ('luui-h. At Ermington of cotemporary date, William and Ainie Straclxleii-di and (ylu-istian their daughter, of Strachleigh in that parish, who appear kneeling at desks in devotional attitude, with books open before them. Their costume is similar to the two figures jireviously described. — Drre Ipcti) biirncD ve boii)) of mHiici. ^trarblftgi) of §ti-ari)lfi5l) esqiurf, Uil)a DpeD t\)t xxi Hap of ^iily in rt)f I'rai'e of o lorOr ^o'H i5h;i, ann 2i\m l)i5 Imfc )>f t)aiigl)tfu antj l^rprr of 3fol)n ©oiilD of Dore Csqutrr anti Cijnstia. t\)tvc onlp Daugiitrr anD Ijryre, \iil)a mai)>cti Unti) Cl)rtstopl)fr Ci^ulilfigl) pe sonne anD i)fpiY of w'pr IRirljarli ^Tbutjlrigl), ikntgljt, bp Uil)om 5l)c ban tssup 3fobn ^trarljlcigl), 3fnl)n, IRobm, einabeti), €U5abetb, iHarpr, anO :3nnf. Arms: — 1. Quarterly, 1 and 4 (or) on a chevron (azure) three cinque- foils of tin; fcld (Strachleigh) ; 2 and 3, a chccron hctween three hirds. 2, Quarterly, 1 and 4, a chevron charged loith three leaves, hetween three ro.ses (Golde) ; 2 and 3, a fess between three 2)inc cones (Appleton '.) ; 3, Ghudleigh (quartering Merton and Nonant, impaling the two former achievements. The Strachleighs were an antient family long resident there, from temp. Henry III. Tlie Goldes, of eijual antiquity, were of Seaborouo-li neax Crewkerne. There is in Crewkerne Gluu-ch the effio-y of a knio'ht 270 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE in cDinplete armmir, almost exactly similar tn Sir John Crocker at Yealmpton, kneeling on a cnsliion. his hands raised in prayer. — (Tljomas (f>olDr rsqiurr Uibul) Dfressfd tljc ]L-tijtiap of ^fptfinbtr tiir mnT of oiu larti mlvrvli . . . Probably Thomas the fatliei- of John whose danghter Anne married William Strachleigh (Westcote.) YoNGE. Colyton and Axminster. — Opposite the Trill ti"_'. and who jirobably erectt'd the einlnsure. Ills arms and those of his wife, Klizabe'li daugliter of Sli- W'llli.nn Strode, Kiit., of ^l'ewnham, are in (he r.VRISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 271 window over. Otlier remembrances near record tlic deatlis nf liis great grandson Sir Wiliidjii )'ii/i(/(; Bmt., K.li., LL.D., F.li.S., I'.C, Sccrcfdri/ lit War, etc., in Sir llobert Walpole's administration (oh. I7r)5). His arms jut tniind (Hi tlic fiist and secniid bells at AsiilinrtdU, a.d. 1740, which borough lie probably represented in Parliament at I lie time. Sir Georrje YotH/c Hurt., k.li., P.C, Scrrcttirij at War, dc. dv., (dIi. •2(5 Scptt'iiihcr 1812^, son of Sii- William and the last of thi' family. Their residence at Axminster was on the eastern side of the market place, it afteiwai-ds became an inn, and was subsequently taken down. At Colyton their old mansion, still known as T/ir (I'rcat ITou>ie, remains nearly entire, a pictiu'esipie object, entered from the sti'eet by a, hand- some elliptic arch set in tine flint race work. In a large upper chamber is the cypher of James 1. and the thistle. Toward the close of the seventeentli century the family removed to Escot, near (Jttery S. Mary, building a mansion there, that was luifortunately destrt>yed by tire about seventy yeai's ago. The honom- of representing the little boroughs of their native county, reduced tliis (nice opulent family finally to a state of gi-eat indigence. Arms of Yonge : — ErmiiK', on a hend rotized -^(djle, three nrljjins heads erazed or. Crest : — a hoar'tf head crazed vert, anncd and bristled or. Motto : — FoRTiTER ET Prudenter. The Wars nf the iToscs. — A period of great social anarchy seems to have prevailed in ! )evonshii'e toward the close of the reign of Henry VI, when lawless e.\cesses of considerable aggravation wort' connuitted, and a remarkable instance of which may be seen detailed in the Fasten letters. Distrust and animosity of the fiercest kind existed between the noble houses of Courtenav and Bonville, intensified doubtless by their partici- paticin in the eriiel and bloody conflicts that were continually taking place between tlie rival fictions of the Red and White Hose, in whose interest on opposite sides the.se noblemen ardently and resolutely attached tlieni- selves, regardless of their ]iro]ierty or their li\'es. Thoma.s Coui'tenay, Eail of I)ev(jn. great grandson of Sii- Edwaixl and Emmeline Dauney, who married Margaret Beaufort, daughter of John Earl of Somerset, and granddaughter of Jolm of (launt, died, it is said, i,'f poison 272 SErULCflUAI. EFFIGIES TN THE at the Abbey of Abingdon, 3rd February 1458, while aiuither accoiuit makes him to have perished at the battle iA' Towton. Thonuis, his son, taken prisoner after that encounter, his head, it is recorded, by command of Edward of York, was ordered to suppLmt the head of Kicliard, the Duke's father, over the yates of York. At)ril 1462. Henrv, brother of Thomas, wedded to the same cause, succumbed to the headsman at Salisbuiy, 4th March 14G() ; and finally, John Courtenay last cf the three brothers perished at Tewkesbmy, 4th May 1471, and wth him ended the first branch of the Courtenays. At Tewkesbury also died his cousin Hugh Com-tenay of Ashwater, who married Margaret Carminow. "The Earls of Devonsliire," says Cleveland, "were zealous for the House of Lancaster, and the Lord Bonville for the House of Y^ork, when the civil war lietween those houses did l)egin ; but whoever had the better of it in this ([unrrel bnth the Earl nf Devonsliire and Lord Bon- ville were great sufferers by that lilimdy and unnatural war; for the Earl's three sons, successively Enrls uf Devon, lost their lives in that quai'rel for the liouse of Lancastei-, and it is said by some that the Earl himself came tu an untimely end by it. And the Lord Bonville lost both his son and grandson at the battle of Wakefield, and the Lord himself was put. to death after the battle \' that nublc house. Her grand.s(in. tin' iiiesolutc Thomas Grey, Marfpiis of Dmset (who mari'ied F'rances daugliter of ( 'harles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, anrl Mary, Queen Dowager of France, and sister to Henry VI 11), was himself advanced to the dignity ol' huke of SnH'olk in 1551. He, after witnessing the sad fate of his bcantiful and aci'om- plished daughtor ilic |/iil\ .bine Grey in 1").")!, Cdllowcd lii>r to (he grave by the samo \iolriii means a few weeks after, when all the \'as( and acciimiilai<(| istalc \\:is confiscated to the Crown. Two yeaj's laici-. in 155(1, Fdward, tlic IwcH'tli Marl and last re])resentat i\'o of the older lirahcli oC tin- li.iiise of ( 'ouit coa w toiunl all e .\ ] )at r i at ed gra\'e at F'adiia, wliitliei- he liad lleil to escape, peiliajis, tlie bloody fiiti- that PAIUSH CHURCHES OF NORTH DIOVON. 273 betel liis tliiluT lli'iny, Man|ius of Exeter, at the iustancL' of liis kiusniaii Heiny VI II. IJut even here, adds Cleveland, was his death 'Udt without suspicion oi' poison." Sui'h. in ;i jealous and relentless ;ige, were the perils ■.\\\i\ penalties that followed two nohle families in our owii County, wIkisc .uuMtioii sought iheni mii alliance with the royal blooil, and the distil iguishud honour of ijuai'leriiig (lie r.)yal armories on the family esuutcheon. •■ 'I'lic l)ii;ist ot' lieialtlry, the pomp of power, And all tliiit beauty, all that wealth e'er gave. Await alike the inevitable hour, 'I'lir paths (if glory lead but to the grave." — Gray. MeirJKints : tlti'ir K(p(jics and Foundations. — The commereial aetlvity and accompanying wealth of the eastern angle of the County i:onser]uent upon the operations . of the rich wool-staplers and others the uiercliants eno-aofed in tlie manufacture of woollen fabrics, toward the close of tlie fifteenth and beginning of the sixteenth centuries, has left conspicuous evidence of its being, by a dedication of a portion of the wealth so acquii-ed by its possessors, in partially rebuilding, or attaching beautiful and ornate additions to some of the finest parochial churches of the district, where the ashes of these merchant princes repose, and, in two instances, their lively effigies stdl remain in remembrance thereof; and where the no li ss honourable mark of the Mercluuit and svnibols of his trade, alternate with the armorial insignia of the noi)le, amid the profuse display of emblematic sculpture that decorates the walls of these buildings, and pouilray the history of the acquisition of the means employed in their erection. Mcivh 3iol)ts Ccnijptinig arimgi et 2\\m ronsoft sur , qui obttt ):li Utc iHairit and tJiu mrrccfjrjrtjL*. (Diiomm iitbs proprict Dr. 9imm. There are four shields : — 1, Quarterly, 1 and 4, argent, a heitd uiuhj cotized mhle (Whytyng of Wood, Kentisbeare) ; 2 and 3, ihdes, three esccdlops within a hordure eiKjrailed sable (Clivedon) ; 2, a harndet between three Jieitr-de-Ji/K (Pauncefoot) ; 3 as 1, 4 as 2. Although wearing the martial jmnoply of a country gentleman of the time, yet there is little doubt but that he belonged to, or was engaged in. the m sullen trade as well. On the cajjital of a pillar opposite his tomb is carved a shij), &c., also a wool pack with a merchant's mark thereon, with wliieli the letter W. is apparently incorporated. On the skreen sepai"dting this Wh)'tyng's aisle from the Chancel are .shields thus emblazoned: — I. "Whytyng, impaling, f/iree Jisli haurient "lyeiif. probably ivhitings for ^^''y*^y"n "ntient; 2, Whytyng, quartering, a Hon rampant; 3, ^^ hytyiiig, quartering, or, a cross rnoline (j'des, a label of three avnr ; 4. Whytying (piartering Clivedon. On the capital of the second ])illar of the aisle, which is Hnely sculptuied, are four shields charged with the arras Nicholas Whytying and his alliances as (;>n the tomb. 278 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE On Lady Guildtbrd-Carew's tomb, in tliis aisle, were four brass shields, of these only two remain, each similai-ly charged thus, (quarterly of six:- — 1, fx cross saltire engrailed; 2, in n chief 'f-A 'I'ivcilon Lliiii'cli. PARISH CIIUECHES OF NORTH DEVON. 279 pediinentiil base with i iccasiojially a rirclc intioduced, seems to denote a I'eligious signitication. On each side of the sliaft it was customary to place the hiitials of the user's jianie, and oLcasioiially 85. ^nU aiirc bis Uipfe \w\)\i\) \)t bab in manage 47 pfars, Uibo bfpaiteb tbe 13 bage of 2%mit ano bni i5s:3. Here, li/efh the bvd/j of Mr. Geonje Hucller, MercJaint, sometime Maior of this Tovrne, vho departed this life the xi day of April!, anno diil 1032, and left behind him a wife one sonne and, one daiujhter. Here bjeth the body of Valentine Hartnoll, sometime Maior of this Townc, irho departed this life x March, anno dni ]fJ44'. Also here bjeth the body of Ann Hartnoll loife of the said Valentine Hartnoll, ivho deceased the xi day of June, anno dni ICJ'O. Memento inori. In the south aisle of S. Mary Arches, Exeter. — . . . . 3o|)i ft Unt^ni. iiiorii silt qui obiit faj tilt Dccti. ano. liui. intil In Colyton Church, on a Hat stone in the Chancel. — Jtjere Igctfj tljt botin of iEIcnnot iSudilanU. iuifc of ?t]ugl) lotirtilanli, tofjo liittJ oc 2 tmoe of Uniuinro. 1GJ5. 280 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Aiiutlier mark witli tlie initial G, appears cu a bench end at Plyuitree, probably for Goodwyn, anil lias been jirevlouslv described. His mark is I ] S. Mary Arches, Exeter, A.D. 1550. Colyton Cliurch, A.l). i',.;. Old Chimney, Axmuiilh , A.D. 1570 also found nn a shield in the cornice of tlie Dorset Chapel,. Ottery S. ]\Iary. . These marks are also often found incised or carved in relief on the fronts of old houses, panels, bench eirds in Churches, and engraved on seeds used l)y the wool merchants of that era. The south arcade of the nave of Tiverton Church was probaljly rebuilt liv John Creenwave, when he erected his Chajiel in 1517, and the cor- respondiii"- one on the north was doubtless the offerinu- of other wealthy merchants of the town. This is attested by shields l)earing marks, nio)uiin-ams and initials, interspersi'd among tho foliage surnnuiding the Mr,ii..L'riUii'. .nui M.irl.. rilliirs, Tiverton I hiirch, \\'ini.'\ni T'Tk! Jrcin Sc-I!;il.c ' liri.i A,I>, i -•<). caitilals of the pillars. 'I'lie monogram ^\ .S., and a shield bcaiing a mcrciiant's mark with S incorporatiMl, may Im' ascribed (o William Selakc (ob. \:)'I\) and Founder by his will of a ( 'lia|ilaln( y "to i\ nde a |ir\s(e (or ever to l>ra\' for his sow le within tie parish ( Iiiik h (pI" 'i'y\crlon and TARISn CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 281 he to have for liis salary .f<> ;" Imt if the parishioners of Tiverton " wolile axwse on Ladye Masse daylye to be songe and celebrated in the Churche of Saynt Peter" ten pounds per annum is to be ))aid instpad. CoL Harding gives also this curious inscription mi his "lavestone : — >f Slee, one oi whom (^eorge Slee (<.b. 1(51:^) was the Founder of the Almshouses that bear his name. A large tomb in the Chancel commemorates the death of John Wnldron, 157!), an influential merchant of the town, and probably a member of the Eradtield family. The tomb, which is ornamented with l)old sculptui-e <4' rcnmsstoii-e tyjie, liad this inscription given by Westcote, now neai'Iy obliterated : — Here lietli .Julm, ]Valdron, Merchant of Tiverton, Founder of the Aimshouses by West E.ee. Below are shields with his nujnogram and mark. The Almshouses he founded arc for eight aged men, and the buildings, with Chapel attached, are nuich enriched with sculptured repre.sentations nf his mark iind initials, the arms of Waldion. and these quaint inscriptions : — 282 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Mark and Initials of John M'aldioii, Tiverton Church, A. D. 1579- Jiiliii WdhJrcit (iitd THrhunril /li.-- ir//j"r Jiiiililcd t/ii'.< Iioiisc ill tijiiii' of tlii'ir h/fe, Al ■•nirli Ifliiic (I-' t/ii' trails ircrc Joiirtei/ili' fut't liife, I/f (lr/iiirlf(l tliis inirlili'. iid. Ami /iiii/ till- siiiiii' irith i/rcal incroii^e. />i/Hiit thi/ ijoods irhilst llioii host tijiiie ViH- iiltrr diiitli thi'ij iiri' not tJiiiiu'. Ui'iin'iiibfr thr Poor. The (Jliantries and Ahus-houses f(iun(h(l l)y these old Merchants do honour to then- memories, and remind us cif later time, tliat in the disposal i)t" tlieir upulence they did nut tc>ri;et tn dedicate some con- sidei'able purtinn tlieicur tn the ^liiry dt" Him ■' of AVlioin comes hotli riches and linnDur. — •'Of tliese tlif pious disid, ^lay we tlicir iootstcjis trace, 'Till witli I hem in tlif land of liglit \\'c dwell lict'dic 'J'liy face." — Dodd r'uhje. (Jrisii, I'i;ii:i;, Hislmii u/' h'.ii-fn: — 'I'his cniincnt prelate, and most accomplislied jicliitect, to tlic inspnat iun ot' wliose genius, as sucli, and the fiiitlif'ul iidliereJice to liis designs li\- Iiis inini('(liati' successors in the See, ' the Lrlorlnus ("atliedial ni wliirli lie I'csls alnmsl wlmlK- dates Its crcalinn, is sepul'-lncd in tlic l,adv ('lia[icl. iniincdlal cK licl'div tlic altai'. under a large slal) of grey marlilr, on wlmli is inci.scd an ek'gant tlorialed cross, and this inscriptinn mi tlic ledger line: - ll^fttd trgit pftrii nihil onitiat Gibi trtiTi. I'AlMsil CIIUKCIIES OF NOETII DKVON. 283 IVtfi- (>>uivil. (lie sun 111' IVtrr tmd HeliosM (^»iii\il, was made CaiiMii ill |-_'7<;, ami Uislni]! illltli December 1281 intli Ivlward 1, and died ISth October I ill-*. Arms : itztii-L'. k cmss ari/cuf. be- ticccn ttro roses in chief, anil two flcitr-de-h/s /» Ixisc, ar. Motto : ViNtiT Patikntia. It IS pro bill )ie (Isacke.) Bishop Qulvil erected the fine effigy to Bislio]^ Bronescoinbe, decessor. Ills IiiniK'di;ite pre- Langtu.v, William. The Catlie- dral. — This interesting brass is on the pavement of the cliapel of S. Mary Magdalene, and lies closely adjoining the tomb of his relative Bishop Ednnind Stafford. The Canon is repi-esented kneel- ing and vested in a cope, the oqshrays adorned with circles arid lozenges alternately, in which are displayed the sacred monogi-am and the Stalford knot. Tlie portion representing the fur of the aurauce, peculiar t,o a (Jamm, was probably once liUed with some coloui'ed composition. From the hands, raised in prayer, pro- ceeds a label inscribed : — aDiiP 3\)\\ srDm nrtu noli mc jutiirart. infu Below the figure this inscrijition hh Gravestone of Bishop Qiiivil. — The Cathedral. 284 SErULCHEAL EFFIGIES JN THE Dtc jactt iHagtstfr CCUUtus. tangrtan, Conijaugumfus iHagn €til ^tafforti €jL-an €pt ciuonliin ranomfus ijiuus Crclt'e (Qui obiit jltdl'^ litr mcn5is gamiani anna Ont iVliUmo rcrc" iLfrriaticftmo rujiis animc propiriftur ompi5 Dfus. :3[mtn. Fry, Mcmhio'i/. In the cliantrv at the ea'^t end of tlie south or Yai'tie aisle of this church are several nieiuorials t > the antieut family of Fry. A innuument with two effij,ies Ivueelbig- at a desk, the nude in academic costume, the female in fardingule and ruff ; below an almost obliterated inscriptiijn lecords — Here lydh tin; boJlcd of y'lrludas Fry and .... of liar aje, 18 March, \()'J.O, in wedlucke the 37. Williatn the eldest soiine marrijed Mary the yoim'jest dauyhter of John Yuni/e, — Heniy //(c3 second sonuc leho marryed Elizabeth the yourujest daujhter of liichaid Farretl of Buds .... Nicholas Fry irho dyed ail infant, .... sonne tvho marryed Margaret eldest daughter .... Anns : — (^)uarteily, — 1, three horses current itjyent (Fry) : '2, .1 Hun rmnjXDit (Brett I) ; 3, Sable, a /ess engrailed hefireen three mnl/rts mye/it (Yartie) ; 4, Three hinls. Nicholas Fry married Eleanor daughter nf .l.ihn llrctt of W'hitt'staunton, Bridget his ihuigliter lob. ICi-Ji-) maiiud Ibiny Worth, Ks(i.. of Worth, Washtiild ("h. 1():l(i). their incmunient is in ihat clnnrh. wlitiv also may \)Q tniHid a iiirniiria! to Alice, sister of WilbMUi l""ry thi' fatlu'r of Ni<'holas, (ol). KiO.O), who niarrird Phihp Steynyngs, Ms(|., with long poetic ejiitapli. Aqnex, another daughtii- (jI' Nicholas (o1). ICilS), • n-ho died the first n'eek after hill rri(<(jt\ married (iidciin Shnniaii nl' K nighlstunc. ()lter\' S. .Mai'V, Ksq. : liii- nionumenl with lun^- cii'gia' insriiption is in that chuich. (Jthi-i inscriptions at Menilmry record Marif v-ife (if John Fiy and daur. of Uolnut yojijier of Funeknoi.ele, obiit l(i83, ayed 3!t. ^ITijs : — Ariji-iit, a xdtire eiiijrinlrd hetn-reii ihric roses (piles (Napier). r.\i;isii ('iiri;ciiKs of xoirrii dkvdn. 285 /(( memori/ of Robert Fry of Vfdrtij, Et^ir., wlio 'niarrifd Frances ye ihiuyliter of Joseph Laurjloii of Newton Parle in ye County of So)aersctf, Ksip:, by xvhow. he had issue a son, . . , of Ockham . . . the said Robert Fry descended froin John Fry of Ycarty, Esq., and Aynes his V)ife ye only dauyhicr a, id heiress of Yearty, Esq., and xvhich said John luas the son of John Fry of Feniton, Esq., and Jane davfjhter of Edivard, Duke of Somersett, ye (/randson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, who was ye son if King Edward the Third. Robert Fry obi it . . Jany. 1725, aitatis sum , , Frances Fry iibiit 24 Sep. \~'.U), wfa.tis sue 50. From John Fry afore mentioned descended Henry Fry, novj of Deer-park, Esq.; Gilbert Fry, late of Wood in this County, Esq.; Ber)iard Fry, yett afore of Dulcis, Esq., luhose only dauyhter [and heiress luas married to Georye tSouihcott, Esq., saeond son of George Southcolt of Calverley, Esij., and yreat fjrandfather to George Southcott, now of Dideis, Esq. This monument u-as erected pursuant of ye directions of ye last will and testa'nent of the said Frances Fry, by Reymundo Ptitt, Richard Hallett, and George Southcott, Esqrs., executors in trust therein named of Mi^rgaret, Joan, ami Elizabeth, daicghters of John, Fry, unto ye a^foresnid Henry Fry, Esqr., A.D. 17-12. A monument with a beautiful l)iist of tlu' deceased in white marble, and this touching inscription I)elow. FrniiCKS, ihiii'ihti-r of Itnbcrt Frij, nf Yearty, Esjr., hij Fnoii:::< hi.i wife, dyed 18 March, 171S, ai'd 17, trho, di.le ami iioi'iceiil n< rrslid.-' ar\ Her leit anil Iiiininiir and lier i/i'iilli eiiiili\-er attributes them tn .bdiii Soy, rector iiL 1:11'.), much too early a date. They may with more pruhalnlity belong to Mrs. Jolian Speccott, widow, jiatrnn of the lixiiig. ami who instituted William Olyver a.s rector in 1.121. She was the w'I'e oi' Nicholas Speccott, to wh'iui llic aiKowson was granted a few years licfoi\'. < )r (hey may relate to .folm Soutlicott, Fsq., of Indcho, l>o\ ey Tracty, the lather of George Southcott, whose death is coniniemoiaicd on the adjoining niomniieiil . From Southcot In W'lnkleigh, says I'ole. ■llie fimyly of Sonlhcot. which is a, great klndiod In iliis shii-e. Ii:id llielr mlglnall. 'I'hey apj>ea,r to liav(! acfjuired ('alveilelgli from ('arew, and had their residence liere, in a mun.sion below the chnich, i:ow drstioyed. rARISII CHURCHES OF NOr.TIT DIOVON. 287 At the eiist end .if tlie iimtli aisle is a lai-u;-e mnmunent tlius inscribed. — Geortje Soutlicott, Jisqi:, nutrrlfd one of //,■ dwKjhti'i:^ iiinl co/ici/v <;/ . . Jtobiii.o,,/, Alih'niiaii of I.i>ii(l(jii, by whom he Icjt iK.p lit' the nionnment are three busts in ruft's, two male and one female, in the centre, the effigy of a lady kneeling at a desk, and below, another bust of smaller size. Ai'nis : — Southcott, iinpahng, sahJc, a c/vi.s'.s- liidonhe heticeen foil)' nmUiis ((ri/cnt. Below on a flat stone is the following : — • Here bjeth the hody of Georf/e Soulhcott, Eseir., who deceased the Qth of March 1G54, he.liuj In ye. l.'j yeare of his aije. Under this liunhstone know there lies, A dainty youth of richest price, Sone cropt by death while luuler a;/e, Throui/h feavers violence ami ra/je. Earth Iccepx his body in restraint, But heaven owns him for a saint. <^uise^uis {culhiic vivus) monumentuin Hoc tueris abito, — respica ie, Miiriens vive, — memento moA. Ceorge Southcott, second son of Thomas ^'outhcott of Calverloigh (oIj. 288 8P:rrLCTTEAL EFFIGIES IN THE 1621.) married Joan daughtev and lieii- nf Bernard Fry of Diik-is, Kil- miugton. Esqr. In that cliurch is an inscri23tion tn " EUzaheth and Joan daughter.'^ of (Tcorge Soutlivott of DovJeheiae, senr., gent., 167 1," and a large marble monument records the following. — Ju.da positir mi/it e.riivin' T/ioi/nf Sout/icott dr Dii'cif: nr: e.r (lutii/iia et niiiiierosa f'ainilia de Simthcott oriiiiidi in r/iin ciaiciiit Mic/iael Siiuthcalt de Sout/iciitt, A.D. 124:>, — /((TC ."tirpf: iwn hi hoc cuniitatii j-ddicii suns (mti'iiiitiis ai/f-nihi iiiaijis iiiinin in extero-< felicitac niiiia.< e.rtciideiido (■I'lihrniidti. Pra:i'(ilii.< 'I'h'im: Sniillii-utt Jiliiis sec >iiid >{.'■• fuif Thoiiue Sdiit/icolt el ^[a/ue filiw 'L'liuiiitv Sluipciitt de S/iiipcott, armiijeri, nepos ((litem Geoiyii Soiit/icutt ((III (i.riiccii) dii.rit JiiniiKi filiiim lifCredniii Beriiardi I'^ri/ de Diilcis, icrmiijeri, qui filins fiiit siciiiidns Thuiine SmiliiCdlt de Cidrei-lei/, nr: e.r Mnritr Jilia .Idlidiniis Civhei- d'' l.iiiiJiinii^ iiiiiiigeri. Ille ritii cessit o\ Dec 171"i, crtittis siur 71. P((tei(C iiiiiiciis sunrmit iiimms m rnjiis ec HHijnriiiti iiicinontiiii (iecifjiKS Si'iit/iciifl de Diileis, nr: — Fi/ii(s mitii iiiii.eiiiiiis line inoiiuiiieiifiim jtnsiiit, — AlKi. i)inii. 173."). J-'rijiii Mii-Iicel SoKthrnll nfniesiiid descended .Jiidije, Sniit/icf/, vim lired In till' reiijii (if (\iiee)i EVmiheth ; Sir Geori/e Smit/icott nf tliis Ctninfi/, Kniijlil and Jiiirnnet ; Sir Pnplnim Sniit/iCnlf af M^n/iiiiis-Olteri/ and /nde/iii, Kniijlit : Sir Jiiliii Siiiitlivutt nf IJ/ihnrriiir, in Lincn/ns/iirc ; and Sir Edicnrd Sniit/icnU nf Wil/niin in £sse.r, l\iii;ilit. Sir Jiijin Snutlu-ntt the Jn\' ilie .Instices of the King's iioiu-li in ifjlri, is said liy Prim-e. wlio gives his I)iogra])hy, to have been tin' sdo \)\' W'illniiu SdUthuntt y<->Hngest son of Nicholas Soiith- cott of Southcott, and tltiui-islied during the reign of (j)neen Mary. Sir Geortre Southi-ott. created a lianmet in l()(il, was iiri)l)al)lv a son or frandson nf tlie Judtrc. Tlio title became extint-t at the death of his son in IGH'J. Sir i'uphaiii Snulhcott was sun tA' Thus. Southcott. and Mary the dauf 'I'lmmas Southcott ami 'I'JKinia/.liic Kirkhani, the daughter of Thoma.s Kirkhani of Fciiitoii. ami (Cicely Carew his wife, onlv sister of Sir Peter Carew, Knt.. of ( Xtery Mohnn (wliosi- etKgy is in (lie (/'atlu'dral), and daOLrhlrr of Sir William ( arew. of thi- saim- |>l.i(r. Knt., and Joan. y 290 . SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE them. The arms of De Esse of Theul)i)rouuh are sculptAived on liosses in the nave, and on the easternmost over the ahar in their chantry. In the east whidow of this cliapel are live shields of painted glass, shewing the descent of Giifard and his alliances : — 1, Small sliield at the top, or, a lion vdmpant azurv (De lledvers ?) ; 2, argent, tax) chrrroiis sahle, (De Esse) ivipaJintj, sahle, a lion rampant ajycnt, dchniised icitli a Lend (jidcs, thereon a mullet of the second (Churchill) ; 3, De Esse, impaling, argent, on- a bend' sahJe, four Ici/s addursed, azure (Spencer) ; 4, Churcliill, impaling, argent, on a bend cotizcd azure, three cinquefoil'<. or (Dawney) ; 5, Dawney. inqialing (hnt the glass destroyed) "whicli was prohably Giffard. Ingaret, daughter and heir of Sir Alan de Esse of Theuborough, married John GrfFard, descended from Andrew second son of John Giffard of Halsbui-y in Parkham ; .loliu his son, Alice daughter of Hugworthy ; Stephen his sun, unless there were two, father antl sun of the same name, af)pears to have married twice, Hrst, Agnes daughter of John Churchill of Wildeyai'de, Broadclyst, by Joan his wife daughter of John Dawniey, and secondly, Joan daughter of John Spencer of (*onilie. Santl- ford, grandson of Kichard Spt'iicei- iiv his will' Alice daughter of William Hody. (Pole). These alliances are iiicorj;oiatcd with the Prideaux series on the seats. Alice, daughter ami lu'ir of Stephen Gittiii'd. Invmght Theuborough to her luisband "William Prideaux. The capitals of the })illars between tlu' nave and north aisle are sculptured with the arms of Prideaux, Hody ;nid Spencei". This aisle wa.s probably addud early in the sixteenth ceiitiuy, when the benches •were erected. On shields on the Ijench ends arc tho initials W. P. and I'M', of conspicuous size. The hrst t'\'idcnlK' relate to William Prideaux of Adeston, Holbeton, son of Sir John I'rideaux ami Anne his third wie, daugliter of John Sh,i|iton. He ni.niieil .\llee daughter of Stephen (Jiffard of Thenboi-.ingh (oh. •Jlth l''ehrnarv I .") I I ). The second to his son l'"ulke Piideaux (oh. I.lth Jainiarv I ;")•">()). who inari'ieil lii'st Katharine daughter of Sii- !iniii]ihr\ \\>\\\\y. m|' bangles, Knt., and Hecondly Jaiut (huightir and heir c. The following inscriptions to Prideaux occur in the Church. On a flat stone in tlie chantry. — II 292 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IX THE Lorde have Here lyethe Thomasyn Prideaux ye first vnje of Kicholas Prideaux geiitllman ye eldist daughtev and one of the heires of John He)igscott esquire deceased, u-hich Thomasyn dyed ye xvj"' day of Augusl. 1J73. mercy e upon me. She was the daughter of John Hengescot, of Bradford, and the first wife of Sir Nicholas Prideaux, Knt., of Soldoii (ob. lG-28), I\I.P. for Camelford, and Sheriff of Cormvall 1605, great grandson of Fullc Prideaux (ob. 1530) of Theul)orough, and Katlierine Poyntz, son of Roger (ob. 1581) Sheriff of Devon 1577, Avho was nephew of Nicholas (ob. 15G0) second son of Fulk, v,-h<) ]>urchased Soldon. The monument of this Sir Nicholas Prideaux of Soldon (ol). 1G2|) originally in the Church of West Putford, in which parish he died, Avas removed to Padstow in 17-"!-i, and erected in the Church there It is a handsome structure supported by loulc columns, with six kneeling effigies. Su- Nicholas, clad in half armour, niif, and trunk liose, kneels at a desk, and frontiir>' liim is his third wife in Elizabethan costume. Tnmiediately below them kneel foui- small figures in academic costume, two on each side, one behind the t)ther, facing at a desk, being Sir Nicholas' two sons, respectively bv h.is first alliances: }Tum])hrv and Jolin; and the lady's sons. Sir William and Laurence Morice, b\- Dr. Evan Morice. her first liusband. The following inscription was on the momunent when in West Putford: — Bora. Nichobcvs Pridear.r efjvts acnUrs, cir adeo dicina; preatiantia; vt civs lardcin ■nento dicere ne]no tarere possit cvm annos 72 svuuna'iii, ct felicilale reldirrs vixissit na,tvrw concedens moriales reliqvias vsqce dcm resurgent iminortalcs hoc conditorio deponl voivlt et oh. Ann. Bom. 1027. Hoc monvrnoitvm uon ■niemoria; illivs (jvaiu Hie factis couipuravit sed corporis 'morlalis qru reroiidilnri. sciter cornarn relicta eivH piisinaM extrvi cfravit et ii- in i/r C. of CiiriiiVdII, Kill., ilil'st sun of Ilii'jcr J'riilrtiii.r if liiildoii. M.irn'ri/ ^.«t 'J'/wiMtfiiir //(■ J/i'ires.l of ,/ii/in IlinsciiU if lliiifcnlt in yc r.viMsH ciiKKciiKS or Noirni dkyon. 293 C "/' Derail, hi irliiuil he IkkI i^./ whom he had hsiie John I'ridmii.r. lie married Sdli/ Man/ ye Danf/hr. of John. CaMel of Scohchextrr, and vidow of Evan Morice, Dr. of Law and ('honiyJIor of Kretcr, hi/ ii'hoin he had no issne. He died at Che/Um, in Wc-^t Pnt/ord in i/k C. of Ihron, i'Mh of Jannanj. J. P. lli'_'7. Seiieath Sir Nicholas and liis two sons : — Hwnphre!/ Frideanx ol' S<,/don, eldest son of Sr. Nicholas Prideaur, married Honour i/e dani/hter oj Edind. Fortescae of FaUa/iitt in i/e C. of Devon, he had issue Nicliolas, married to Anne ?/e daiojlir. of Wdlm. C'ori/ton ; John Pridvnux died unmarried; Edmond Prideaux ef Padstoiv, married Bridijett Moi/le ; Hum/Jin/ Prideaux of Hankfird ; Tliomasine, married to John, 'nirtescuc if Buokland Filly in Deron ; and Eli:, to Sir Willm. Morice of Wcrriwjton, Secretary of State to K. Charles ye 2d., lie died of ye Snmll Pox, about ye 30 year his of aije. John Prideaux of Padstow, '2nd son of Sr. Xic. Prideaux, married Anne ye dauijhr. if Robert Moyle if Bake, in ye C. of Connndl, and died ivitliout issue. Beneath Lady Prideaux and her two sons by Dr E. Morice : — Sr. William Morice of Werrinrjton in ye C. of Devon, Kt., eldest son of Dr. Morice, married Elizabeth ye dauf/hr. of Hnm/ihiy Prideaux of Soldon, by irhiim he had i.'^sue Sir Willm. Morice, Bart., Jolm, Hiiiniiliry, Nicholas, Gertrude, Thomasine, Anne, and Elizabeth. He ii-as by Kin;/ Charles ye 2nd knif/hted on his landinij at Dover, and soon after constituted Secretary of State and a Privy Councillor, in consideration of his Great Services in briui/iiif/ about ye Restoration, in which he was /iriiici/udly concerned by reason of ye Great lu/uence and Iiitere.« ';/' Dr. Morice, died young. Arms at tlie toj) in the centre, Prideaux with hehnet and crest, on the right Prideaux, impahng, in chief Hengescot and Viell, m base Ca-stel, for his three wives. On the left Prideaux, impaling, Castel, arfjent a chevron hettveen three birch, roba!ily Prideaux, impaling, a fess, In clupf three flcur de lys (Kelland). Inscriptions to Jolni third son of Sir Peter of Netherton, and Ami liis first wife daughter and heir of Humphry (nb. 1692) ol' Soldmi. and who married secondly Katherine daughter iif .Inhii Kcllaiid. whose meniorv is thus recorded: Here lyeth /he liiidy of Kathrri lie the irife of Peter Prideaux of Soldon Esq r. u-h.o this nioiiinnenl in rcnirmbrniirr of him, and dnth desire to Ije laid lo're herself n-liiii it doth jilease Cod to take her hence. Ai-ms : Pollard, impaling, Prideaux. A flat stone inscribed to ,SV/' Amias Pollard (ob 5th June 1705.) is in the same ('hurdi. At West Putford, in the Chancel : — Mary daughter and heiress of J. (Utstel (Jeatn. ivas married to E. Morrice, D.C.L. and Chancellor of Exeter, and a.fler- wards to X. Prii.leaux, Kni. She died Oclr. 'lad A.I). 1(147, aged S2. She was second wife to Sir Xiehnlns Piideaux of Soldon (oli. 1028). 296 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IX TCIE At Holsworthy Chuvcli, to Man/, (JccKjIitcr of Sir Richard Pndeaux, 14 Jult) 1715. At Soklon, one of their antieiit seats, over the east door, is carved an escutcheon with ten quarterings : — 1, Prideanx ; "2 ;md 3 ahke, a Jess between three roundels (Adeston and Hngworthy?): 4, F'it.-warren ; 5, Spen- cer; 6, Hody; 7, De Esse; 8, Churchill: 9, three bars (Poyntz) ; 10, a chevron between three Jeopards faces (Hengescot «) ; above is the crest of Prideanx on a helmet, and below, the motto, pbudentiuv arma peovidetia. Over all, X. P. 1G4'.). This must be the achievement of Nicholas Prideanx who died about 1G53. He was fourth in descent from Roger Prideanx (ob. 1581), first settled at Soldon, \vIiiL-li he inherited from his uncle Humphry who purchased it, whicli Roger was tlnrd son of H;nnphry Prideanx of Thuborough (ob. 1550). 4t the death of Nicholas, Soldon passed to his brother Humphry (dlj. l(J'.)-_'), and his daughter and hen-ess Anne brought it in marriage to her CDUsin J(i]in (ob. 1700) of Netherton, son of Su' Peter of that place, at whose death it seems to have passed to his nephew Peter (ob. 1711). 'J'lie house bell, formerly at Soldon, and afterward used as the market l)ell at Ilatherleigh, has this inscrijttion on it: Petteu Predex : 171U, doubtless the Peter ndio died in J 711. It is now m the possessioii of the Rev. J. G. D. Yule ol' Bradford. i'i;iiiKAi;x. Fariraji and lI'iH/JA/^r//.- -Edinniiii Prideanx, second son of Roger Prideanx of Soldon (ob. 1581), Banistei- at Law, Duplex Reader to the Inner Temple, was created a Baronet, 1 7th .luly l')22. He acquired the Manor of Netherton, Fnrwiiy, where he settled himself and built tlie mansion there. His biography is given by Prince. Pie married thrice, first, Bridget daughter of John (liichestcr of Ralegh, secondlv, Katharine daughter of Sir Piers Edgcouiln' (l)y whom he had his son Sir Peter, wlio succeeded him), and lastly, Mary daughter of Richard Reynell of East (Jgwell, and relict of Arthur Fowcll of Fowellscombe, South I'lVoii. I lis aunt Elizabeth was wife of Itobert Drake (ol). 1 (>()()), settled ut Wi.scomI)e In the adjoining ])aris]i ol' Southleigh, whose monument is in the Church there. In the north ai.sle of Fai'way ( 'lunvh i:-; his monument:. Under a circular arch are two efligies lying at length. < 'no on (he labli' icjiresents PAEISH CHURCHES OF NOinil DKVON. 297 u figure in forensic costume willi mir, tlie liamls r;iisc(l in praNcr. In'lnw is another elKyy at lialf tuin. in aiinoni-, with Inny Ixjots, sliicM i.n li'I't arm, on which arc the ai'nis of" Prideanx, and (lie olhci- Iiand L;-ras|K-; tlie sword. He weiuvs also a tlowini;- wig and collar, and his head rests on a hehnet with phnne of feathers. This inscri]>lion is at the hack of ihe arch : — III tnemovle of Sr. Edmond Fridecmx, Baronette, who dlcjl ye 2Sth day of Mdrch Anno Domini Hi"iS. AJtatis sua' 74, Arms : — Quarterly of nine. 1 . Prideanx, 2 and 3 alike, a chccron hetirccii tJircc niHntJcIs (Adeston and hlugworthy !'). 4. Spencer. 5. Hody. 6. Gitiard. 7. Esse. 8. Churchill. 9. Btirri/ (if c'Kjht (Poyntz) Query. — If the second eftigy in armoin- he not intended for Sir Peter Prideanx, M.P. for Honiton, Shei-iff of i)ev(jn 1GG2 (oh. 1G81-2), son and heir ot Sir Edmond, who married Susanna daughter of Sir Anthony Paulet (ol). IC.Zo.) A marhle monument thus inscribed: — To thi' memory of Sr. Peier Prideau.r, Bart: son of Sr. Peter Prideaux Bart: by Susanna his iv'tfe sister to John Lord Poidett, Baron of Hinton St. George, ichich Si: Peter Prideaux married Elizabeth eldest daiKjhter nf Sr. Bev'ill Granville of Stow in Cormrall Kt., and sister to ye Right Honlle. John late Earle of Bath by whom he had fower sons and six daughters. This monument luas erected at ye sols l(lin'x a l)ook, and a youth between them holding a scroll. Below in the |iaiicls nl' the tomb are two smaller busts of men, one with j-iilf and tunic, the other in arniom- and collar. On the table is inscribed :— This liiirc haUf chiuuhcr io each ocidous eye. Seems like n, lillle cha})pell ivhcre J^-'-e lijc. Here in, this I u mhe rnj/ flc^h tiludl rest in hope, Wlii'iij'^i'r J ilye Ihin is my aim and scope. The date 1GG3, a)i(l some Latin sentences are on ilie I'ini, but no name. Below are sliii'Ms (lisplnying Walrnnil lni|i;ilinL;', I. Kelleway ; 2 (I clwrron betn-een three birds [cants t) sabi<' ; ',]. or. an a bend (/iiles three mill linls or (Speccott) ; 4. nr, thrci giirlands '. Lysons describes this as lieiiit; the tomb of Sir William AVah'ind. In the window-ledfro over there lies a fnir lull Icnglli eliigs- nl' :i kniglit in arnidni' with flov/irig wig, but nn insrri]i( inn In denote wlio he is. I'i'h1i;i1iI\- iilmiit the reign (jf James I! m William IN. l'ARI.SIl nil I.'CIIMS OK NdJri'II DiOVON. 299 HkXGESCOT. Urailjui;!. — in ;ulilitlnii 1m (lie Insci-iptinii prrvidusl y (jUotcd fr.au AVestcote as liaviii^- hreii in tliis ('liunh, the r.illduiiii'- now remain tt) this aiitieiit fainily : — /. //. .^\ C/n/.s/ Pray for the soule of John Henggtcot h'squyre luhyche deccssyd thefifthe day of Descmhcr In the eyer of Oiivc Tjord God. A. \oGxii. Lonle Have, merci. Hie jacet Elizaheth Poniery vnti. fi'unu: el heredvm lohls. Hengscot de Henrjscot, annigl : et uxor Thome Pomerey de Engesdon, ariuiiji, que obit nouo die Junii , Auno Dni. l.J!M). The Hengescots appear tn have lield East Ritaden and Prestcot in this ])ai-ish iVoni temp. Henry III, until their heiresses daughters of Julni. Hen- gescot (ob. 1572) brouglit it to Prideanx and Pomeroy. Thomazine wife of Xichohis Pi'ideaux is l)uried at Sutei)ml)e, tlie inscrij^tion is given under that name. Engesdon or Ingsdon in Ilslngton, South Devon, passed from thf^ Beaumonts to tlie Pomeroys temp. Ed\vard IV, and the arms of both I'amihes ai'e carved on the bencli ends in the Chmcli there, the upper part of the south aisle is appropriated to Ingsdon, and some monumental inscriptions occur to them. Westcote gives also the following inscription as having been in Brad- ford Cliureh to a member of the family that gave the parish its second appellative, Bradford -Dabernon : — Hie jaret Johannes Dahernoun de Dunttlaiid qui ohiit oto die April i>' A.D. 1432, cujus anime propitietur Z)t;w.y. Dunsland iidierited fit mi Cadiho, passed through the heiress ot John Dabernon by a daughter of John Mules of Ernesborough, Swimbridge, to Biekford and (.'oham. The arms of Dabernon and Mules, impaling Batten, are on bosses in the Mules chantry at Swimbridge. Ml'les. Swlmhridfje and Bishops Ttiuiton. — On the, SDUth side of the Chancel is the Chapel of S. Bridget, built by the family of Mules of Ernesborough. "In this pari.sh " says Ilisdon, "is Ernesborough. which, as the name im[)orts, is a jirincipal place or court house, in the loitl's manor, and so this seems by the ruins yet remaining. I'aldwin de ErnsboiDugh was Jj SOO SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE lord thereof in the heginning of Henry Ill's reign, whom three of that surname succeeded. After that it rias the seat of tlie Flavels, Avhose inheritrix broup-ht this heritao-e with a goodlv iiatrimonv to Sir Boo-er MideS; second son of tlie Lord Mules of North ('adbury in Somersetsliire, a family that flourished there divers descents, \nitil that honour, by Muriel and Isabel the heirs general of tliat house, passed unto the noble families of Courtenay and Bottreaux. ( )f this tribe was John Lord Mules, one of the ninety-foiu^ barons that, in a. parliament holden at Lincoln, in the reign of King Edward I. ainio 1.30], subscribed a letter den3'ing the Pope's pre- tended title to the kinuxlun of Scotland." "The north aisle of 8wiml>rido-e Church was built by Sir John INIules of Ernsborough, as the inscription in a window, and a proof there once fairly painted and gilded, with tlie arms and matches of tliat family, make evident ; unto the maintenance whereof i'or ever, he gave to that (/luuxli his lands called Furse." The Chantry is entered from the south aisle bv a perpendicular ;iivli of some pretensions, and nn the bosses of the roof are the following shields of arms : — 1, azure, on n hcnd suhle, tlircc (/iKifi-f/oils (i-nscs) (iiycDf. (Cary ?), imjjaling, ctzure, a flicrrou (jrijcnf. h/'tirccn t/irrc pears. <>r (Cal- mnd\' or ( >rcluu'(l) ; i2, mycnf. firo Ixirs n. Knt., >>\' i)unsl,iii(k I'.y.KHbi-il. nnnicil Isabella daughter of Sir .bJui .Mules <>{' iCrnesbnrou'^li. Lli/abcl li (licii il.iuglitcr TARISn CTTUECHES OF XOETII ])EYOX. HOI man-ird .luliii son ami licir nf William Batten nf Exeter. Jolianiia tlicir other duuyliltM- married .Idlm (dlliinl. (]'isifii/i,,ii 1 (i'jo). Ilalmeston. in l?isli(i[)s-'i'a\vU)U. ''was tlie land uf Fidk in Kin^- Edward II Is tinu'. I)y wliose culifii- Aliec. Jialdwin Arkhuid was invested therewith, whieh tleseended to Joan her heir, married to Tliom;i? Mules, second son ot* Thomas Mules ot" Ernesborougli, in King TTenry Vs time; nnd so Hneally after six descents to John Mules the late lord thei-eoi', Avlm mai-ried the daughter ot" Chafe : his father the heir of Yeomans of Nortliam|ilonshire ; his only daughter and lieir Anne was uiairied to Bennet." (Risdon). John Mules was one of the Justices of Edward VI (Westcote). In the C'lnneh is a monument to John Mules, Esf(., of Halmeston, 1()."):>, with this inscription: — Erected to admonits argent; 3, hiirr[i of nine, argent and gules, a canton sable; 4, frettij argent and (i-.nre, a chief ermine; 5, as 1; 6, azure, six fusils in fesse conjoined, (tnd a canton argent, crescent for difference. (Chafe) Three otlier shields — 1, Mules, impaling, ermine on a bend gides, three cs-Mllops argent; 2, Mules, impaling. a-.(in\ fhn-r battle axes, or (Batten or Dennis) ; 3, Mules, impaling, sable, a chcrron between tliree escallojis argent; 4, checqug argent' and sable, a chief of tli,e first, thereon a crescent for difference (Ackland ') impaling as 1. Speccott. Thornharij. — In the Church is a fine monument to this antient family, who succeeded to the inheritance of Cornew in this jjarish. On a high tomb, over which there was originally a rich canojjy supported l)y marble jjillars, are two full sized recunJjent effigies of a knight and lady and two other smaller figures kneeling. The effigies are beautifully executed and of alabaster. Jf 302 SErULCHEAL EFFIGIES IX Till] The knio-ht is ui armour liave lieacled, with moustache and pijhited beard, the hair curled upon tlie shoulders, ;uid turned back over the forehead. The lady Is in Elizabethan costume with ruiV. The two smaller figures are kneeling. One a nude has a cloak over his shoulders, and holds a scull in his hmids : the other a female is attired with coif and veil. Arms: — 1, On a head cotized, three hu((rs Iieuds (Edgcumbe) ; 2, irifhin (( horJnre enijfoiled, semec of Jieiir-de-hjH n ho/i i-iii/f (Holland); 3, (( rants hend nfj'rontee (Dernford) ; 4, d elterron hetieeen three escdl/iijts ; 5, an eai//e dispUii^ied (Bigbury) : <>. " elierran hctnveii three buckles (Walter 0- Crest : — " hoar p((ssajif, round his neck a wreath of oak fructed. There is no inscription. This appears to be the tomb of Sir John Speccott (son of Humphry Speacott and EUzabeth daughter of John Walter), who married hrst, Elizabeth daughter of Sir Piers Edgcojube, by Margaret, dausfhter of Sir Andrew Luttrell According to the Visitation 1G20, he was living at that time. Secondly, he married Jane ihiughter of Sir William .Molam of Hall, Cornwall, and thirdly, accoi'ding to Westcote, Tross. The achie\"ement before (loscrll)ed is that i ii,i;i;. i>i;NMs. Miodddi/h. The tomb in the AniM-rv ihantiy of this Church, said to he Judge Jiariklin-ds. minutely TAELSn CIIURCnES OF NOlM'll I>EVON. 303 noticed by both llisdon and Wcslcoto, ciml whose account has been pre- viously refenvd to and (juote(h is found by icccnt eaivful cxaniiuatidn r.nt to Jigree with iheii- description. There is a hlojh tomb and s(|uare canopy over, the arch is (hvided in seven cusps vAth terminal bosses of roses and heads, the canop\' lias a. rich corniiai nl' \'iiic trac-ery, and above is an angel holding a shield. The talile is a slab oi' nKiil)lc, in its centre there is the indent nl" a sliicid of small sixc. and (i\'er it aiKitlier small indent label-shaped. There are no other matrices nf l)rasses ^vhatever, nothing to indicate a figure in any "^^'a.y, miless they had been placed againsi the back i)f the arch, of which no trace is apparent. There was probably a brass bolder fillet with inscription, but it has disappeared. Below the ttible is a course of si.x small shields alternating Avith bosses. Underneath is a series of nine niches, seven with a larger one in tlie centre, and these, are Hanked by two of narrower dimensions, one at each end. A string course of bosses runs round the sides of the tomb and over the arch, which is supported by buttresses and pinnacles that rise from the gnmnd. The date of Judge Hankford's death, 1422, would also appear too early for the architectural appointments. There are no arnmrial bearings visible on the shields. Immediately in front of the tomb ai'e two flat stones, on one is the inscription as pi'eviously given. Orate pw aia Jacohie Scyntky, dc., f)x\ tlic third is a liirt-v csculrlHon l.ciiiu' t1ic MchicNcmciil of \\\\\c KnyvrK wife of Sir George. St. Ledger, and alter his death iemiirne, checqui/ or and gules, a hend ermine (Clifton) ; .5, irithiit a hurdnre hezantee, four pales; G, four hends, a canton. Over the shield ai-e the initials A. S., for Anne St. Ledger. }Jcnch Kiul, Monkleigh. It is on record she was bm-ied ui the Annery Cliantry. with this inscription, now jirobablv covered by the seats: — 2)aine Qlniip s-aputlrgri-, latr Uiifc of Simu£> CoffjJn. 15.19. 30C SErUI.<'IIIiAL EFFIGIES IN THE The amis ;is on tlie bench end, in alhance with C't)ffyii. aiv fViund on the portions of James Coftyns tomb in tlie Chancel wall Two smaller shields display on the one the Ornunid biot. and on the other the arms of Boteler, azure, three ccrercd cu]).% or. Another has the arms of Hankfora and ^L W., ami on others the initials V.P., I.L., I., iS., &c. Sir Richard Hankford of Annery (ob. 1448), by liis second wife, Anne daua-hter of John Montacute. Earl of ►Salisbury, left issue, a dauo-hter Anne, who married Thomas Butler, Earl of Ormond (ol). 151")), l)y ^vhom she had twn dauQ-liters. Anne .-ind Margaret. Anne married Sir James St. Ledofer, by whom she had a siin. Sir George St. Ledger, knighted at Tournay, Sheriff ot Devon l.")31. who mv.rried Arnie daughter of Ednnmd Knyvett, Esq., by whom lie had i.ssue, Sir Jolni : and Margaret married to Sir George Covu-tenay of Powderham. Sir John St Ledger (buried 8th October 1 5!) G —Parish Register, Monkleigh ) mai-ried Ivatheriiie daughter of George Neville Lord Abergaveimy (the Ladve Katherine St. Ledger, buried -"ird April l.'>lli), ilii tind) a pryste to celebrate dyvyne servyce fur licr sowle in the parish ('hureli ni' Monkelegh, he paying unto a clerke to mynyster unto hyni at masse for his yerelye wages xiij.s'. iiij'?. and kepyng an ohytt yerely wythe xxj*-. vd. The yerelye value of the lands and possessions ixU ixs viij(^.'' (Oliver) On T2th April, 1550, was buried "Sir Thomas Seinteleger, priest e " (P.Pv,.), ])robably the same Thomas who was Hector of North Tawton when Bishop Veysey made his return in lo3G. The character of the work on the carved bench ends, west screen, and otiier portions foiuid in the Chantry allusive to St. Ledger, -may be referred to the latter pai"t of the first half of the sixteenth centuiy, cotemporary with the era when Dame Anne St, Ledger flourished. The shields with the Onnond knot and corcred cups of Boteler may have a "w^: iio'%, z^z W^ ^ %'^' Screen .*nd Bench Ends, Monkleigh. double reference, first to the Earl of Ormond, and secondly to a race of Boteler who were resideiit at Annery, and whose descent of considerable antiquity is given in the Visitation for 1620. They were afterwards of Stone in Parkhani, their arms as Butler Earl of Ormond, with (i inullrf for difterence. It is curious another Butler should have married the heiress of Hankford of Annery. On two other bench ends are .shields each charged with, ci iiiiiw, three battle axes erect, two and one (Dennys), on tlie dexter side, impaling, a chevron between three birds (blackbirds?), a crescent for difference (Burnell?), and three lions ramjxint (Prouze?). They are of later date than the St. Ledo-er shields. A family representing this name appears to have been settled in Monkleigh from 1550-8. In the churchyard is ;i memorial to Rowland Denis, 1G85, Richard Dennis, 1783. kk 308 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Sir William BuUen, Kiit. (son of Godfrey Biilleii, Lord Mayor of London 1-457), inaiiied Margaret, the other daughter of Thomas Butler, Earl of Oi-mond. Mis son Sir Thomas was created Viscount Rochford, Earl of Ormond and Wiltshire, and K.G., by King Henry YIII ; his daughter was the unfortunate Anne Bidlen or Boleyn, wife of that monarch and mother of Queen Elizabeth. The monumental brass of Thomas Bullen (ol). 1538), shews him in armour with collar and mantle of the Garter, his head cm a helmet with crest the same as on the panel, a panache and falcon, his feet rest on a griffin very similar to the sinister suppoi-ter of the escutcheon at Monkleigh. CoFFix. Monklcit/h mid Almngton. — On the north side of the Chancel of Monkleigh Church was formerly a high tomb, which was removed some years since, and portions of it are now affixed to the wall, inunediately over its antient position. It was erected to the memory of James Coffin, Escj., ol). 15th December, 1566. There is a small brass of an esquire in aiiiupiii'. bareheaded, kneeling in prayer before a desk, on which ISr:i«s of J.inicH Cofryii, Monl(l'.'ii;li. A.I>, \'/^;i^\'. Ills u;iuiitlfts liauii; tiMiii tlie desk, and liis helmet is on tlie ground. There are four escutclieons thus charged : — 1, Quarterly of l'o\n- : 1. (r.iirc, crKsiiIi/ three hc-jdits (Coffin); 2, (iiynit, f explana- tion, beui"" Whyddon inqmling ( 'hudl<.'i!j,h. Wcstcote says. "Edward Whyddon, Ks<|. (second smi mid heir of Sir John) married a daughter of Chudleiidi. i\\v wild of ('ollin of I'ortledo-e, and liad issue Sir John." The Alwington Register records the de.ith of ■■ Wylhiioto Cotlyii. riihin, ]3th June 15G9," evidently the relict ol' liicliard Cotlyn, ;iii(l in the l^loiikleigh Ke'^ister it is found tlicic was ni;inicd '" Ivlwniil \\Mii(ldon, E.sf|uire, to Mrs. Elizabelli ('ollyn. -nd l'"ilii u;ii v 1568." With more |iroi)ability it was aji.^ daughter instead ol' llir rclic( dl' llicli.iid ( 'ollyn. James Coffyn of Afonklci'/li \\iis suci/cfdrd \<. S/iff ilr/im/fd llii.< iife Mail the ;!/W .\o. ]>i. IGol. .Ktnt siui' H(l A// hefi- poll rt III if d. ulii'ir.t on.i: joijifd. ('iijjiii: aeiit 'riii-oiiijli liciici'iiK ciiiiojiii mill til nirlh lin:' lint Perfumed tnith rirtiic.i itiiil hedew'd villi i/riii;!; T'adonie them with a [iroyeiiij for a njiiice Oiii' miiii tool: life from deiid KlishiCs hone.< Eiijht iiinrtiiil xiiniis lir'd from this Co/h'iis liii/iii:-\ ]Vilh iliiiii/hfi'r.i .lereii ijt from this vine did s/iroiit Lilce iilire plmUs their table nniiiil nhiiiit Thrice hiippii fruitful ('"Jhn, miiij thif huiU spriinj And to I'ti'mit/i halleluiahs siiiij. .Tames ('u/hii fiflh and side surririni/ soiin to the jiioiis nieiniirie of his lioiid. parents erected this innniiinrnt, 1 (!.")!. Anns : —1, Coffin (piartering CofHn, antient, and Cockworthy ; 2, Coffin antient, impaling, </i'lc-<, hetn'een three .shorellerif sable (Loveis). Insci'iptions to four of their children occm- neai', John \Cy22, Richard IGOO, EH:abitli 1654, .\niie IGG^. Two others record : - //. S. K. — llicardiis ('njlin ilf Portledije iirmii/rr, rir rt Uteris et .■lenin vineriiiidus, rara file et siiniina rihe moriiiaii.. inli'ijritati' proflariis Jlci/i palriiri/ : fidilin serons, ii-cnoii ecclesite Amjlicaiia: fliiis pieiitissimus, iniinicn careiis ri.rit et omiiihuit jiliiratiis cecidit leiitn irlate consiiinpsit et taiideni (do- natiritatis Dominiis .lisit Christi) sid/eils aniinam l)eo resiijnarit, ri.rit ininos 77 iihiil iiniiii 1 (>!•'.•. mors siiln fatrtiir (liiitiilula sint liiiiiiinuin c ir/iusciila. In. Sat. 111. .\trmoriii: Sacrum Johannis Cofin de Pnrtledije f liUiiu-Bridy, Dorset. Ill Mmiklcigli ('Inux-li In the imrtli cliaiH'l or Vciitnii aisle is a white inailile niuiiniuent witli small sized effigies (incised on slate) (if a nuiii kneeliiiL;' at a desk, with tw" sons heliind him, and t'aciiig him two women with fimr daughters hchind tlu-in. J/i'iir/j Ilrrliai/ of Ijoioj Href hj in Cadnfi/ Diirscf Egi/r. ifus burled here the 'IX (Id,// (if Fch. Ki'JT, /'•//(( Jidd hi/ (id.ri rrdc. Bdnijifyld liin ji rut vij'i' 2 dn in/lilas : hi/ h'lizd Sidiiiy Ics 2 7u!fi',, 2 sniiris, 2 dduyhterti. Ilec thdt from, lixmie for love tons ludwr hnniijld, Hence in broufjlit home, to bliss tlnit fi'od hiith. wruufjiit. Ai'ms nf 1 1 iii-diii'_;' : — ti'idrs. tlircc (/rci/hniidds cnri'mf nt jkiIc ar : they ■■ivc ul)|it,iatc(| oij the shichl. ' 'ii the M|i]i(]silr wall is aiinthiT mnmniicnt with tiie figure ol' a lad\' on a ciiiirh liMldiJii;- all infant, inii.si'd nn slate; TARISn OHUErHES OF NORTH DEVON. 313 Jane the eUhsl daiu/litcr t>f John Cuffi/n A's'/ , >rif)' of Hurjh Pn'st, Gent. — 13 tinins. — icho irilh hn- ChriHomr. goiw irns hvried neri' fhls plurc the Ixf of Jul;/, Kllfi. A iiiiiijdc ((■ u/ifc in fc/w; (tud ritjht acorde She lived nhc dial true servant of the Lord. yKfiitis snt; 27. Arms :- -(lilies on a chic/ diycnt, tiro estuilcs sable (I'lust) impaling Coffin itnticnt. An adjoining monnment at Monkleigh with two half effigies, a man with red tunic, collar and long hair, head resting on hand, elbow on a scull, the other hand holding a si-uU ; the woman with elbow on an hour gl.uss, with a little child in front, both dressed in black cloaks and coverchiefs. 'J'it(i/ih.< hiire (jiren speavli to sfanes, I'lieir Idieiorirk e.etiiited si(/h's tear's (/rintn's : Siinie teacli Dirinili/e : but this vdininends : Dri/s tears, stops siijhs, and straiii/leth ffnxiiis i;/' Frcnds : O.r/or'l's Acadeinte soe pris'd his parts : 'I'liat it did cron-ne liim Latrreale oj' Arts: In eountrye lie i((iil men, in Conrt i/e /(Urs, Lired hath vith street contentment and npplarse : Krpird Ix/ dei/rees : yet our co^nfort's this TIkiI death his conroi/ ?(Vf,< fnini jniine to hiiss ; Silli Teni/ier(Oi'-e, I'ruilence, Can/lar, I'iefi/e, Tiioisports fi-iiiii (Irace iintd Veticitie. Arms: or, n ehernm hetiveen three e.sra/Zop.s', impaling Cott'yn antient. On the bench ends at Alwington is a shield with li. C. 1580, and another is charged with three arroirs /» pale, points m base, 2 and 1. (llisdon). On the pulpit panels are the amis of Coffin quartering Cock- worthy, impaling Chudleigh, Coffin ahjne, and (Jittard. In the north window uf the Yeovale chapel arc four antient shields of gla-ss : 1, enaine 314 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIE8 IN THE on (I Lend (tiure, three fleur de Ii/k (Bury) impaling Coffin antient, with crescent, quartering anjent, f)s gules (Pollard) ; 2, Giff'ord of Yeo, impaling, pcj' pale, dexter, sahle fretti/ or, sinister, ar)■ (Dennis); 4 as 1. John Burv of Coleton, Chymleigh, by Jane daughter of Richard Coffin, had issue Richard who married Elizabeth daughter nf 8ir Hugh Pollard of Nympton, who had issue John married to Thomazine daughter and heir of John Giftard of Yeo. (Pole.) Four other antient shields are in the Chancel window, 1, Hanfford with crescent, impaling Passeburie ; 2, sahle, a aing aiyent. impaUng, 2"''' 1"^^^ '' chevron, the irhole counterclianged sahle and anjeiit ; 3, arr/ent, three escall(>j>s (/ides; 4 as 1. Probably con- nected with Pollard in alliance with Bury as in the north window. It was surmised in tlie description of tlie Coffin tomb at Heantou- Punchardon tliat it connnemorated Richard Coffin, the brother of James, whose brass is in Monkleigli Church, l)ut the Alwington Register shews he was buried there in J5(5G, and the tomb would be of earlier date. Probably it may be referred to Richard Coftyn, his grandfather, who married Alice daughter of Jolm Ciambon of Morston. (_)n a coffin-shajied stone with a floriated cross, in the pavement of the nave, is this inscription : — ©rate pro annua <&tovQ' "Dvtll aimtgrr (qui) cbtit xyix Utr mfusts Qagustt anuo nirrrrrjL-itj rui' an ppietur 3?fU5. :3[mfu. LiniiKi.i.-Coi'KTKXAY. Diijistcr. The elligy n\' Uu' Lady Klizabctl) Lilt troll (ol). 14!).'!) is incised on a flat stone in this Clnnx-h. She was daughter of Sir i'lulij) ("(Mutenay (ob. I Ki.'!) cji" Powdciliam. li\- his wife Kii/.ahi-t li, danglilci- of \\',-iltei- l^ord 1 1 ungcrford. j Kt husliand, .lames Luttivll. was slain at St. Alliaiis. lU'il. ( '<)i;i!TKN.\ V. I.diid i-EV0N. 315 He is representetl in full iiiiiMnir li^nrliciKlcd, with ti liouiid collared, luul with ;i coi'don ;it liis I'eet. Beli)\\' is this inscription : — li)rap for tl)c Goulf of enUiaiD Ccuitnn) rsquorr crrontie son of ^r CCltUin Courtnf)) lKnpg1)t of lli)olitifri)nm Uil)trl) DPfO tl)e fprst Oaj) of iFlfl) ano.Oui mbiji- on Uil)05 &oiilf tl)ri ijaiie met. He married Alici' daughter and heir of Jnhu Wotton of Wotton in Laiidrake; Edward his son Margaret, secnnd daugliter of Tliiimas TreduiiT; Peter his sou Katherine daughter and heir of William Reskymer ; Edward his son Elizalieth eldest daughter and heir of Tristram (xorges of Bndokshed, Devon ; Sir Peter his son (nat. IGIG) Alice Ptashleigh ; William his son (oh. 10th Januaiy 1683): Alice his daughter married Humphry Courtenay of Lanivet. In Fowey Chiu'ch is a monument thus inscribed : In meriwri/ of Mary ye, daughter of Hir Peter Courtney of Trcthurjfe, ivho dyed the lAth day of Junt in the year of our Lord 16.55. Near this a rare jeweWs sat Clos'd uj> in a cabinet Let no sacrilefjioua hand Breakc through — 'tis ye strickt comatind Of the jeiueller : who hath say'd (And 'tis fit he he obeyed) ril require it safe and soxuid Both above and under ground. This Manj ivas grand dauglder to Jonathan Rashleighe of Mcnabilly, Esq And on another monument to the Rashleigh family : — And to Anne Rashleigh, his grandaughter, the daughter of Sir Peter Courtney of Trethurf, Knt., ivho dyed the 13/A of July 1677, and of Philip Rashleigh, &c and of William Courtney his grandson, son of Sir Peter Courtney of Trethurffe, Knt, %vho dyed the IWh of Januat^j, 1683. II Brass of Edward Courtenay, Landrake Church, A.D. 1509. 316 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IX THE RisDON. GiFFORD. FavkJiam. — In tlie soutli aisle is a flat stone, (in it an early and interesting example of an incised cross fleurie with the sacred mdnogvani in its base and the following inscription : — iDej)r Ipetl) iSpcl) — brrrptif tSoD l^aue marcp m Ijps saiirl anna tin m rrcc — In. The noi-th or Bableigh aisle was built by the Risdons of Bableigh in Parkham. A flat stone in this aisle, which has lieen made a. palimpsest, on one side has the following : — (HERE LYETH THE BODY) OF GILES KISDON GEXTELYMAN BEYIXGE AT THE TYME OF HIS D(EATH OF THE AGE OF 90 YEAKES, THE 21 ST) OF APRYLL, ANXO DOMI. 1583. L n. 8. G. K. (_)ii the other : — Katlievine irifl' af (!ih:< J!i.-«liiii (if Buhlii in t/iis piirisli E.'o/iin-i; 11 Si-j). \iW-2. Ai/al •2C>. Grace the n-ifr u/' (Ji/cs l!i.--iliiii nf JUihli/ in tliis jiari^'i K.'^'jiiin', _ 10 /■'(/). KuC. Incised (Jravoitone, P.irkhiim. ,. i i l^\l*i_ /i_l j_"x ^1 On a bench end at Alwingtun (tlie a.ntient carved bench ends l)elon(rinir to this Church were rcnmved there about the beginning of the present century) are the anus ot Kisdoii, aiyciif, three bird buUs, suh/e. It probably came bom the Bableigh aisle, (iiles Bisdon (ob. ].")8;i) Avas gi-andfatlicr to Tristram Jiisdon tlie historian and author of tlu^ S/n-rei/ o/' Devon. He (Tristram) was the eldest son of Williani (who wa.s the third son of Giles Bisdon of Bableigh), l>y .lolian daughter of ( k'orge Pollard of Langley, and relict of Micliael Barry, the last of the Harrys of Winscott. By her first husband IJarry, she hail a ilaugiiier Tliomazine. married t() John 'IVipconey, bv her second Inisbanil William ilisdou she had a sou the historian. Tlionia/ine 'l"ri]iconey having no issue, at her death devised the estate a,nf Ilal.ibnrii, £■■«/., tc/m died in ifie faitli of Jer-iit Chrli't and now here hiinibh/ ivaites his for ///.< blessed resurrection. November ye 3, Anno Doin. 1()48. 11^ 318 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Here h/etli the corps of Art/nir flifforil kihi of Thonitut (lijfunl end cotized or, three'.; lU, un a bend three goats' lieods. Crest, n goal projirr, under a bnsh. Motto, Ita uko TLACUlT. On the dexter side Dennys impahng, sahl<\ three chevroncls ermine (Wise); on llie sinister, Donnys impaling 320 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE Yiell. Behind the nude, Dennys ; behind the female, Grenville ; !it the base, Dennys impaling Grenville. To the piuvs ijiemorie of Anthony Dennys late of Odeigh Esq who first inaHed Elizabeth ye Daughter of Thomas Wyse of Sid- enham Esq. by whmne he had 1 soniie and 2 daughters deceased. He secondly espovsed Gertvvd daughter of Slf Bernard Grenvill of Stoic, hit, by tvhmne having plenteovs issve left sur'viving only 3 daughters He deceased Jvne y I9th A" D" 1()41 (Etat svce 56. Here sleeps his corps v:hose v-orth and fame sJiall be A living sermon to pjosterity. Whose name shall outlive time, the future age Shall stile him loyall, loving, prudent, sccrje. Learnings Maecenas, vAsdomes qvintessence, Whose breast continued a sea of eloquence. He sleeps. He is not dead. He lires for ever, Pale death lias got its due, but he djes never. GEKTRVDa \\n\i sVA ChAUISsIMA STll^'XIT. On a ilat stone : — //( vu-iiKiri/ of Kli:(ihdJi A/stmi, Daiii/litii- of Aiit/toiiy Dennys of Orleiff// I'Jgt/, the tvi/'i' "/' William Alston if Stri.tlon in llir (comity ofj Nortliiiniyt : lisijr. fwlio in ■■'urf iind ccrtdim- (i.<^-'i ranee if a Jilissi-il Life) Depiirti'd iji' Atli of .liinr li;r, 1. Arms: (azure) ten estoi/cs (or) 4, 3. i^, I, wifli crescent for difference (Alston) iiiipalin^ Dennys. Orleigh, says I'nK'. ■■ is tlie longe contyiunved dwelUnge of tlie famylye of Dennys," wliere, descending from a line of ancestors lived Anthony Dennys (ob. 1041) avIio married secoiidlv (iinti'nde Grenville. H(^ left three danghters, Mary (oh. I(;'.)4) \vcddeil In Sir Thomas llampsnii. Hart., of Taplow, Bncks. : P'lizal)etli (ob. Hi'M) liuiieii at Bucklaiid-Browei', rirst manned to Sii' .Inlm llcrn. MM:!, afterwards wife of William Alston; Gertrude: (wliu inliciitcd (JrlciM-li) marricil Xicliolas (ihiiii, I'^sij , of (il\iiii Cornwall in l'i()l. ulio snliseinu'iitly disp(jsed of the estate to Davie of Bideford. T.oriii-: .buiN. Ilishnji of /'^.retrr.- Tlic arms <>i' lliis I'rclate are in tlu^ (-'liaplcr I louse, and liis Iir.iss eili"ies in tlic ( 'Iniicli ol' East I loisleiLrb. rAETSn CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. " ( )ii (Hiittini,' the diocese in the 321 y:;?*^, Sun-ey. summer (if 147(), he repaired to his i;iv( unite residence in Ecist Horsleigh, u manor that liad been given to the See of Exeter by King Henry I, three lunidied and fifty yeai's before. Dying theie hi' was buried in the parochial Church of St. Martin, 1478." (Ohver.) Against the nortli wall of the Chancel is a figure of tlie Bishop kneeling Ml pontijicalihiis with his croziei', and this inscription : — Cuisquts ens qui trausieris sta plcgr plora §>um q}> rris fufiaq: qti eS: pro mr prrror ora. Die jarct 3fol)r5 baUitl;c quotia. (Cps* Cromfts qui obiit lio Dif mfsis 3[pnlis 2° Cni mofrrrljr.rliii). At the upper corner are his arms, arr/ent, three hoars hejids erect and crazed sahJe, arracd or, heneath 'IIL En iihi fir allmt ivt piitatc <7 pace bi^atiis jnslilia) cidtor^ re- Uiihinis iiiiiiiii.< iniiltiiriiiii (•./■i'iii/)/ar piitriec ilccitx aiic/mrd j)aci,< iiif/enin Joriiia I'alliiilf Miiitf piili'iis diiia ri.iit tliri.ttiDii cidiiit sic orbe reces-sit in. sancta .itiihili^ ri'liijiiiiii' Dei. Stiiic riipit ill civli.-' si/hdia (ji-ittii lidxiriim Xuiir ri'ipiii'iii iiti'i-nt rnrpi/ in firiy pnli. He n])pcars to have been the son of Robert (^ary and Margaret Milliton, and married Ghristian daughter of William Strnchleigli (whose l)rass is in Ermington Glnux-h) and relict of Gluistopher Chudleigh. Ill iiii'iiiiiri/ 'if Williiiiii Ciinj Esip- will) Mrri'd /li.-- Kiiiij and, Ciiiintrii in »/,' iiiyicp OJ JiislicK of Pi'iici: iindi'i- t/in'f Princrs; (I. Elizabeth, A iinf ./inni's, and Kill'/ Cliarlfs the. I . and. Inirini/ .■icrrid lii.< i/nirratinn, di/rd in llir 7(! i/i'arc af /,).^ oi/f Anil Dili. I(i.')2. Oinni.i earn fniiinn. Arms: Gary, iin[). hiznujij or aixJ n'lirc, ■« //; ///.• Iumi Ciril Wurr in/iiinst his rebdlidux subjects, and btith him uiid lii.< .■iiiic cis tt Justice oj' I'i'ucc, he di/ed a batcheloiir in the (!;") i/ear of his lnrt linrher i'.s[' shields on whirli aic the cniljlmis of the ( Viicllixion, and on others tlu! following": — i(s Bishop Veysey? anniiid the edge SANTE NICOLAE ; arms of Bishop Veysey witJi mitre; Jiimreliier knot; a sheep; tiro angels; 1. T., I.W., L, G. W., G. D. ; medallion, arovnd ST. JH. BT. {St. John BaptistV) G.P.; siipported by two eagles a shield with 8.J.G.V. ; grotesques, &c. The anjjels on the corbels of tlie roof bear shields with the arms of Giftard, Raleigh, Whyddoii ? llisdon, Beauchamp, three double ox. yokesl varre, &c. Woolfardi swarthy. — On the Ijench ends are the emblems of the Gruci- fixion, the arms of Grenville, S.S., P., A.T., T.S., R.P., &c. Frithelstoch Church and. Priory.— On bench ends are the following : — • a dog; S.O. ; double rose crowned (Henry VII, a good example); feathet and label (Prince of Wales, afterwards Henry VIII); toheel of St. Katherine; T. TT'. ; F. ; stag's head impaled with crozier (Abbey of Hartland) ; A. ; emblems of the Crucifixion, grotesques, &c. The ruins of the Prioiy adjoin the Church : tlie three lofty lancet windows in the gable fonning a fine object. "It was founded by Sir Robert de Bello Campo or Beauchamp about the year 1220, for four regular Canons of the Order of St. Augustine, beside a Prioi-. The religious of this Imuse were generally procured from Haitland Abbey, and at every election <>{' the Priors of Frithelstock, the Abbot of Hartland, and any one of the Canons he thought proper to select, had a riglit to be present and vote in the Chapter on the occasion. Moreover the Prior of Frithel- stock had always a voice in the election of the Abbots of Hartland." (Oliver). Hence the appearance of the device of the Abliots of Hartland on the Ijcnch end. John Stm-geon wa-s the last Prior, he was alive in 326 SEPULCHEAL EFFlCflES IX THE 1553, and 29tli Henry YIII. the scite of the Prioiy was granted ti. Arthur Plantagenet, afterward Viscount Lisle (Oliver). In the Monkleio-h Register occurs, lnu-ied ord November I.jGO, Jnhu Stm-gm, prieste, probably the last Prior. GiFFORD. Clnttlekampton mid Tircfton.— ln tliis Cluirch are tlie IbUowing memorials of this famil_y descenfled from the parent stem at Halsbury, and settled at Brlghtleigh in this ])arish, having married the heiress of Cobleigh, whose brasses (previously described) are also in the Cluuch. A handsome monument in the north aisle of the Chancel, with effigies on ^i high tomb, and two kneeling figures (male and female) beluw, thus inscribed : — Hio jacet JoJiauiies Giffard, ariin'gcr. piefafc, jn-nhifdfe, priidentin, provideiitiainifignis, (jin r.x Hoiiovd it.vori'. r faviilia ErJiciisi. jiritleiii, suscepit feciiiujissiriunii . priiiiiujciiitd /i/ifciii I'j'ns , IrfJiiiz-i pi iinii . patre adhuc siijX'rsfUc, Johaiuii'iih , I lih n ri pliiiin liivredein fiibi mthsfifiiif. Faiiii/id itfK/iic .sva s/iJeiididr i-l Jii'l i I'i Irr fiimpo.sifd, ii/iiis siijficicn- ter (hifiifix, (liijiw Ini'vcdf smi Jn/nni iiin' r.r illiistri IJ'i i/r/iiiin'orii ni pritsa/iifi. Soiiicrtiet, .suriafo, Jtiui scptiKKp'irari iis c oivis cvrrssH, ciijiis contract II 111 iivikiiii 2. Rrijii iii Xl f. i/iuisi rrsii rrr.r/sui' riiten.tur iioiiiina ittd, prectiirii uli in drfii iicfn . Jidi/criis Ci jj'nrd ini/rs. c f/iiiiilii/ Hiitlis- biirieii.si oriii.ndiis qui ii.roiriii liiilniit .Mdnpirctiiiii pliiiiii ct Jidcrcdciih JoJuoiiis Col)trii/Ji dr Briiihtlrij. Jo/niiiiiis (liffiwd driiiiger. cui ii.vov fuif Jilarid Jilin Hiclinrdi (i n'cii field iiiiiitis. rl siiiiiiiiiir sjx'i , I rtlnir Cliffdrd. qui ii.viirriii siiii iiscivit . Ii/iir/ii iii /Hid in 'riidiiidc Ijidgli, dviiiigcri . liar iiKiii iiDiiiit II III /liissi iiidc idisrrni ii / idc si/ni ixii ii in pasii i t dalni ii iii's (ii/jdrd iir/iiis iiidi-stissi in iis. ,1.1). Hi2~). On'-the ti.ji: — I'orldVfrii II I I'liiii ,liii/cli ill siiiiiin . Ilird lidiii . Anus: — I. Iiiinni. ipuirterly rasses : — Here lyelh ye body of Caesar Giffard Esqr. ye Uh son of Briyhtley who xuas buried ye 6th day of May, Anno 93, Doini. 171o. On an upright stone : — Hicjacet .Inbnnnes Giffard, Bogeri Giffard dr . I thelin.gtoii generitsi jiiins et Elizabethan, ejus uxoris jiliite dohanii,is Giffard de .Morebath, geuerosi, qui undeeiino die Martii, se/jultus est MDCCXXV. (3ther inscriptions record Jnlni Giffard, Esq. of Dublin, 5 Maij 1819, and Sir Ambrose (Jiffard, Kid., Chief Justice of Ceylon, April 1827. Sir Roger Giftard of Brightleigh was thu-d son of Tliomas Giffard of Halsbuiy, Parkhani, by his second wife Anne daughter of John Coryton ; he nian-ied Margaret daughter of John Cobleigh hy Isaliel his wife daughter of Tliomas Briirhtleiii-h. To him succeeded Juliii. and Mary daughter of Sir Ricliard (irenville, John and Honiara daughtei' nf Waltt'i- ErU' nf (Jharborouffli. Dorset, Arthur and Arais to have 328 .SEPn.CnEAL EFFIGIES IN THE been the son of Roger, the second son of Henry Giifard {ob. 1709) elder brother of Cfesar ; his father Eoger -was g-ieat nephew to Roger Giftai'd (ob. 1715) second son of the Colonel, and was chosen by his great uncle and namesake at his death, to succeed him in the old fauaily estate of Parkliam where he was settled, but the new possessors speedily dissipated the pi-operty. John Giffiu-d (ol). 1819) oi Dubhn, also descends from Henry (ob. 1709). He appears to have been a, man of great patriotism and to liave rendered essential sei'vices during the tr>)ubles that prevailed in Ireland toward the close of the last century. In Tiverton Church in the Chancel Is the monument of Roger Giffard, fifth son of Roger Giftard and Margaret Coblegh of Brightleigh. He was settled at Tiverton Ca^stle, and married thrice, first, Audria daughter of Sir Lewis Stukely of Alton, and relict of Yoe of Branton ; secondly, Agnes, daughter of John Grindal of London, and relict of John Duke of Otterton, both without issue; and thirdly, Richord, daughter of John Prouz of Tiverton, rehct of Mr. Walrond of tlie same place, by whom he had a son George (Prince). Query, if his last wife was the widow of the Founder of the alms houses buried imder the adjoining tomb ? Her name was Richord or Richoard. "Three wives," continues Prince, "all (it seems) rich widows which greatly increased his estate." The inscription to his memory records : — Siicridii memorial (/('«('/■(«■/.<./iii)ii(lioriini Jione.'^fafi' Dmnino stndaefint pm ririhifs eomplacere." To encourage the faithful tn pi-ay for theii' departed souls lie grants an indidgence of forty days (Oliver). Lady Margaret Cobham was biu'ied at that place, and Lady Elizabeth Luttrell purchased the Manor and Castle of Dunster of the Molunis Both were daughters of Hugh Coiu'tenay and Margai-et Bohun (see ante). Bishop Lacy, 13th January 1450, licensed the celebi-ation of the marriage of James Luttrell, Esq., to Elizabeth (ob. 1493) daughter of Sir Philip Courtenay, Knt., within the Chapel or oratory of Powderham Castle. He was slain at St. AUian's. She was buried before the higli altar at Diuister, where is her effiify incised cm a fiat stone of alabastei'. 'I'lie saiiu' |)rclate (Lacy), September 7th 1447, granted liis license tlmt 'I'Ikjukis (Jn'ii\\lc miglit ln' allowed to have his marriage celebrated with Anne dauglitei- of Sir I'liilip ('ourtenav. Knt., in a chajjel (T'mberleigh '.) within Atherington p^irisli. EePvRKRS. Beer-Ferrers. — Sii- William de Ferraris havuiy,- rebuilt the Pan.sh Church, was desirous of ni.iking it (^lllegiate. For tliis ])iu"pose he Jissigned a sufficient endownieni lor ;in arcli-[iriest and f mr other priests, who were to live in conuuon undei' the same rooj'. Provision was also made for an a.ssistant deacon or sub-deacon, or at least a clerk. The ( 'onimunity were to j)erlorin tin' (lail\- and nightly olliee in the ('hurch and to ofl'er Up peqjetual prayers for the pr ispeiity of the I''onn(ler imhI his Lady MatiM:i (iurin<'" their ll\cs imd I'm- their souls after their death, as also for tliu souls of I'eginalil ile I'Vri'ers ;ind his wife Margery, and the souls of Sir Koger de ('arniinow. I\nt., anil his luds Jo;in. ;nid the ISishops of Exeter were to be; rememhercd living or iIcmhI. Bishop (Irandison con- firmefl tills foiuuhition 1 7tli .Tune 133.'!. The, l''ounder did not Ion"; sur\'iv(> PAIMSH rTTT'KPnES OF XOTJTIT ItEVON. 331 his cliaritahlr w.nk, \'ny it is tbuiul in IJisliop ( Jiaiidisun's Register (Vol. ii. fnl. -Jl'.M that his relict and executrix Matilda nl)talncil t'nnn tlie Bishop Ifith Deceiuher loIJS, an acknowledgnn'nt ot" having well and faithfully adniiuisten-d tn her hushand's property, and that only tiu' sum of .£20 remained in arrear, ''ad comph'tionem canfarie dc I^iri/." (()nvcv, Afon. Din. E.tVII. p. 2S'.i). This explains the arms of ( 'arminow with Ferrers in the wimlow, accom- panying the figures of the Founder and his wile, who also appear on the adjoining tomi) (See Plate). The (Jlianipernownes succeeded the Ferrers in the right ol" presentation to the Arch-presbytery, Roger (whose gravestone still exists) appears 1449-52, and succeeding tliem the Lords Willoughby de Broke; William Willoughby, probably a relative, being the last Arch- pi'iest (ob. lo()5). Sully. Cirditou. — In the will of Thomas Barton, Canon of Exeter and Rector of Tlfracombe, he grants twenty pounds in gold, in part toward timber lor the roof of the north gable of the Chapel where Sir Jolm Sully, Knt., lietli, " Capelle in quel Johannes SuJIy miles jacet Crediton;" the effigies have been removed from the north transept to the extremity of the south aisle. The evidence of this distinguished and aged warrior - in jtages 4G and 74 of the Scroop and Grosvenor controversy is paiticiilarh' iniportant. Too infinn to move, the veteran hero was waited upon by the lloyal Commissioners at his house "at Yerdeleye '" or Iddeslegh, on July 2nd 1.387. He was now 10.5 years old, and had been engaged in the profession of' arms during a period of eighty years, had been in the fight of Ilahdon Hill, at the siege of Berwick, at the battles of Cres.sy, Najara In Biscay, Poictiers, and afterwards had fought in Spain. The following extracts from Bishoj) Bi-antyngham's Register will shew that this gallant iiiron of Torrineton and Knio-ht of the Garter survived his examination but a very few weeks. F'o. 175, " Apud Continbeck, II August \lib7, enianavit mandatum directum decano de Toriton ac curatis ecclesiiu'iun parochialum de Beauford, Winklegh et de Yeddeslegh, ad sequestrandnm Itona Domini Johaimis de Sully, militis defuncti." Fo. 17G, the probate is entered. '" Peiuiltimo die mensis Augusti Anno Domini MCCCLXXX septimo probatum" fuit testamentum Domini Johannis Sully, 332 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE militis detuucti coram magistro Willielmo Piers cancellario reverend! iii Christo patris ac Domini Thome Dei gratia in Exoniensis episcopi, &c." (Oliver ^^(m. Dioc. Exon. 7G). The red ciievrons of Sully are still traceable on the knight's surcoat at Crediton, l:)nt there is no gai-ter visible on the left leg. The costume agrees with the era of liis death. The hgurt; at Iddeslegh is a century antecedent. The Fraiiciscaii Convent, Exeter. — In the course of tlie summer of 1833, great quantities of huuinn bones were dug up in the precincts. On July 2"2nd in that vear was discovered about two teet belnw tlie surface, near the public walk still called "The Friars,"' a ledger stone thus inscribed: — Hie jdcct Frater Rof/crus Daviuiii, sacre theolofjie Doctor . l.'idi') ; the arms of De Arches are among tlie antient stained glass in Bampton Church, Avhere his daugliter Elizabeth, wife of Fidk Lord P^itzwnn-eii, together with liei- husband, are buried. Lord William Martyu and his lady Alieiiora- also reposed bei\'. In the appropriation of Holne ("hurch to S. .bihu's Hospital, May -Jdth 1:529, Bisho]) (Irandisson directs that the brctln-en of the said llos|iital shall yearK' |):o\i(le, " nijinti. ccreos, sn/'ji'/cx jmutli'ns iimns lihre (■< re. anper herciavi domini WiUehni Marhjn <'t AhmDre vxonx e/usdcm o/md li-nln'x pr<'f/iriif(}i-cs E.con, u.hi enr/Kira I'ornni hiiinnta ijKiescunl , die anmver.-Kirii dicti doinini WtUclnii Mdrtijn. Viz., In /'esfii S. ('lithenne Viri/rnis f'JVov. 25) coUocaiido!^, qui .sun/nils (iimis ris cjiixdein, viz., in J'e-'). It wa,s with the Coiiiiiiiiiiil \- ol' this ( 'iHivenl . a,s stateil by Ibiker, that a great Cf)ntentioii ai'ose in L'lnl, bet ween lliem iuid (lie |)eaii and Cha])ter of Ivxeter resjiecting tin- bnii:il ol Sir Ib'iny iJaleigb, l\n(,, who li;id PARISH OnURCHES OF NORTIT DEVON. 333 directed the intenuent of his remains within their Conventual ("inu'cli, the latter reqiiirins? that the corpse should first he presented at the Cathedi-al (hiors. On the Prior and Convent refusing to submit to sueh demand, the Dean and Chapter were at length compelled to hiuy the corpse in the Cathedral. Tlu' Dominicans appealed to the Pope, during the appeal the Dean died, the Prior and Convent then objected to any election taking place, on the ground that the electors had incurred exconmiunication, and that the election of Henry de Somerset to the Deanery ought to be reputed null and void. The bad spii-it evinced by the Prior and Convent called tor the interference of Archbishop Wilchelsey, who in a letter to his friend Thomas, then Provincial of the Dominicans in England, dated Lambeth, 28th March 1:303, directs huu to put an effectual stop to the scandal occasioned by the vmdictive proceedings of his subjects. (Oliver). Relative to this feud it is found iu the Mayor's Court lioU, 29-30th Edward I. — "The Prior and bietluen of tlie friars' preacliers allege that certain malefactors, unknown, broke the gate of the said priory, and carried away the body of Sir Henry de Raleigh, Knt., deceased, and other goods being in their church to the value of £40, and they demand that inquiry shall be made concerning these matters. The jurors say that they know of no one who broke their door open, but that it has always been the custom, and also is arranged by special convention between the said friars and the Deau and (."hapter, that when any layman shall die and shall have in his will chosen his sepulture at the said Priory, his body should be first carried to the Cathedral and mass be there celebrated for his soul ; and that when the body of the said Sir Henry de Raleigh lay at the church of the said Priory, iu the custody of his executors, at the request of his friends it was taken, not by force and arms but amicably, and, for the good of peace, to the Cathedral, witli a cloth commouly called a " bandekyn " and a bier belonging to the said friars which had been lent to the executors. The friars protested against the proceeding, and on the return from the Cathedral shut the gate of the Priory, and would not permit the body to be buried in their church, so that the executors were forced to take it back and bring it to the Cathedral, and would not receive back the clotli and bier, but left them at the gate." After lying two yeai-s in the Cathedral, it seems the body was transferred to the Conventual Church, and there foinid its Hnal resting place. The most westerly of the two cross legged effigies in tlie south aisle of 334 SEPUI-CHEAL EFFIGIES IX THE the eliolr of the Oatherh-al, (although generally assigned to be a, knight of the Chichester family), has been thought to represent this Sir Henry Raleigh, and it is related liy Pole his shield once bore the arms of Ptaleigh of Kalei'di, rhccinni or and '/>ih:s. <]k i,").")0) of Thuborouo-h married secimdlv Edith dauy'hter n\' Wilham Hatch of Aller ; 2, the same aims I'epeated, the drini-hitns slightly (Mlcring. Newton St. Petrock, says Pole, belonged unto tlic Priory of rxMlniiii. and after tlie dis.solution was purcliascd by llinnphry rrideaiix of 'riniboivngh, Esq., and is descended unto .biiiathaii Tridcaiix. P)o(lniin i'riory was dedicated to St. Petrock, a. saint and n iti\c of Wales, said to liaxi- ca-osscd ovei- to Padstnw in ilie year alH, an 1 afli-rwirls settled at l):i:bnin. where he died .")'>1. His ho(l\ r. 'ji |■^c.l in a bcautihil shrine before the Chapel oi' St. Mai-y. at the east end of the ('oiivcntnal Church. iMoni Camden we learn, that to^v.n-ds the en;l of (^)neeu Klizabeth's reign. N. Prido'au.v, a gentleman of antient nam • and family, erected a castellated mansion on its (the Priory's) site (• )rivei-). ()ii (itlici- liendi ends ;iiv; 1. " //"// /-.'////"O// ijnrdd/:! (.]v\\r or iMoi-ice): 2, No. I, liii|ialing, II I'/irrrcii hit n-iun. thn-r Im-ds ( nnd/iirds ^ ) (\ r Ca.st.cl '.) ; ;;, the dexter imi>alenieut gone, but which may have been PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 335 Yeo ; sinister, thrfc rcsf-'i ((irenville). Query, if for sdiiu^ iiieiubers of the Yeo I'aniiK wild lived at 1 leanton-Sachvillc in tlie adjoining parisli of Petrockstowe. dolm Yeo of Heanton married Alice or .loan daughter and coheir of Williuui Jewe of Cotleigh, and Poltiiiiore in Farway, East Devon. Wilhani their son married Ellen daughter of William Grenville of Stow, Cornwall. Another probability may be stated : the ai^ms of Morice are oints downnxoxl, blades argent, Jiilts or (Holway); 2, Southcott impaling Fry ; 4, Southcott impaling sable, three castles or chessrooks. GlFFORD. Alwington. — Let into the sill of the end window of the north transept or Yeo-vale chapel in this Church is a small recess, and in it a diminutive figure apparently of a lady, kneeling, with horned head-di'ess, the ai-ms somewhat extended, and one hand holding a label. There is no inscription or date, nor recoi'd for whom or what intended, but tradition says it Avas brought from the private chapel at Yeo-vale. "Yeo, in this parish," says Westcote, "was the inheritance of Ciiffard, whose heir was married first to Berry, and secondly to Cary ; at which house, iu a private chapel, he was buried under a monument with this inscription : — Orate prit ftn.hna Willielini. Giffard, (ii'iiiii/i'ri i/iii uhiil \2 mo dii' Deceiiibr/s, A.D. 1 100. ciijiix (iniiiw j>r(i/)/ti<'ti/r Dens. Aincii. In the window over the scidptm'e at Alwington are the arms of Beriy and riiffaid with tlioir alliauces, already described. In Cockington Cluu-ch is the Ijrass effigies ol' Mis. Wilmote Cary (oh. 1581) wife of Ceorge Cary of Cockington, Esq., and daughter of John Ciffoi'd of Yeo, Kscj. The inscription has lieen given. BiCKFORi). liradford, — At Dunsbind, tlic antient seat of Arscotl^ and Bickford, over the wiiulou of the Hall on the exterior ai'o (lie follow Ing filiields : — I, An escutflicoii i|nai-tcilv of nine- 1," I'/icrroii ciignnlcd hcfirccn three 'iiicrlh'fs (l>ir.kford) ; L', " /ess cairc bctircrji three //y^/co/v/x' ('?) heads; :',, a rhrcroii helireeii three ( 33S SEn-LCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE the enduriug stf^ie as true a resemblance ;is possible of the deL-eased, and enslii'ined it often in a tomb adorned with all the beautiful imagery and intricacies of the sculptor's art, intending thereby the same should endure (as they liaNe endured) for ages to come, glorious memorials, consecrated to departed worth, reverence, or love: should, nevertheless, in the ma,jority of instances have committed to the trail and evanescent keeping of colom", the name, epitajjh, and armorial insignia of the deceased, which the insidious dampness of mu' climate would (irdinarily in a decade of years seriously mar, and the tiight of a century almost wholly obliterate, however diy and well protected, apart from the luidreamt of vandalism of the modern whitewash brush. Tims, owing to the feeble means used to perpetuate identity having slowly but surely perished, the memories of these old mute seml)lances of humanity have lapsed into an obscurity that effectually defies the most patient attempts at restoration or revival, and so the graciotis purpt)se of the original dedicators is lost for ever. How pure at heart and souiul in liead, With wliat divine ati'eetious l)ol(l Should lie I he ir\an, wliose Ilii)uj;li1 would Imld An liour's coinnumi.m '.\ilh the dead. In vain sliait ihou, or any, <'all Tlic spirits from their <;i)ldeii day, Except, like tlirnj, ihiiu too eanst sav, i\ly sjiirit is at peace with all. They haunt I ho silence of the lu-east, Imaginations calm and fair, 'J'he memory like a cloudless air, Tiie conscience! as a sea at rest : liut when the heart is full of din. And doiiht lieside tln' ]joiial waits, Tln'j can hut li.-ton at the avites, And hear the hoii>chohl jar within. — Tennyson. PAEISH CHUEeHES OF NOETH DEVON. 339 PART II. Coronet. Arlington, 'lliis beautiful ettigy probably represents one of the Ralegh family. William de Ralegh held Arlington 27th Henry III, 1243 : subsequently it passed to the Chichesters by Thomtvzine daughter and heu-ess of his descendant John lialegh, but at a period too late to accord with the style of costume. Tliere is a marked similarity both in treatment, habihment and ornament, existing between this effigy and the lady at Wear-Giffard, giving fair warrant to infer tliat they are both the work of the same scvdptor, and the ladies themselves co- temporaries. The arms of Ralegh are : — Checquy or and gules, a chief vaire. (Pole). ASHWATER. Tliese effigies arc found in the south aisle : — It is probable they represent Sir Hugh Coiutenay, son of Sir Huo-h Courtenay of Haccombe (by his third wife Maud daughter of Sir John Beaumont of Sherwill) and Margaret his wife daughter of Thomas Canninow of Ashwater (ob. 1423). This Sir Hugh Courtenay, says Cleveland, " is by Sir Wilham Pole cidled Sir Hugh Courtenay of Ashwater, and by Mr. f'arew in liis Stin-ey of Cormvall, Sir Hugh Courtenay of Boconiiock, fi-oni his residence in Cornwall so called," both Deing large estates in the two emmties, the possessions of the Carminows, which Sir Hugh Courtenay succeeded to on his marriage with their heu-ess. Within, on the left hand cusp of the tomb. Is a shield, parti/ jy^r pale, 340 SEPULCHRAX EFFIGIES IN THE on the dexter side, the arms of Carminow nzure, a hend or, a label <>/ three, thereby inferring perhaps the lady was a heu'ess and representative of her faniil}-. On the sinister, blank. On the opposite cusp is another shield, Caniiinow, irith a label of three, impaling, Courtenaij with a label of three. The shield also issuant fn^rn the knight's helmet is charged Avith Carminow. Respecting this Sh- Hugh Conrtenay, Cleveland narrates: "In 1471, 11th Edward IV, on Easter day Queen Margaret wife of Heiny VI and her son Prince Edward landed at Weymouth, and went from thence to an abbey near called Cerne. and while they were there Edmund Earl of Somerset, John Earl of Devonshire, and many nthers came unto thejo, and welcomed them to England. And the Earl of Devonshire the more to encoiirage the western connties to join with them repaired to Exeter, where they sent for this Sir Hugh Conrtenay of Boconnock and many othei's, and having joined the Queen marched with her to Tewksbury where was fought a bloody battle May 4th 1471. And so it was in a little time Prince Edward's army was put to flight, and the Duke of Somerset and many others Hed for sanctuary to Tewksliury Church, and in a day or two after were taken out and beheaded, but whether Sir Hugii Courtenny died in battle, or was amongst those who took sanctuary, it is not said, but it is highly proljable that he was killed at tlie time, either in the Held or afterwards and was l)urit'il at T(\vksl)nry." It is probable tliis inoninnent was erected by the widown! Lady Mar- garet to her unfortunate husband, as it was often tlie practico to adopt the arms of flic wife, if an lu'ii'css. and this Sir Hugh was tlio represen- tative of a collateral branch of the C(.)iutenuys only at the time, although owing to the fatalities that followed his family, the Earlilom was restored in his son. Moreover, his \\ idow, with a flue i-egard to the I'eiiutalion of the Jiouse of Carminow, of whl<'h liciscH' and sister wci'i; the joint representatives, woiilil (l.iiilit los (lcsii-e to pcipetuate then' antient position by the retention of their arms. The iamily of ( 'ai nilnow, says Cleveland, "is said to ])C one ol the most antient iii the cciiintN' of I)e\'on,' and the\' were ol' evi'ii n'realei" consideration in the ailjoining eonnl\. ' In an aeeouni of ilie piineipal PAEisn cnT'L'i'nK.s of north devon. 341 Coriiisli l:i!i(lli(.l(liTs. -lOtli Ifriiiv III (12.").')), tlie (arininnws wliDsr property spread far and wide, \n>i\\ I'diitiimiiiti- to ]iv esteemed anion"- the first in the county, appeal- on record here for the th'st time." (Lysoiis). Joan, the other daughter and heiress of Thomas Carminow, nuu-ried Sir Thoma-s Carevv, Baron of Carew and Mullesford, and Lord of Mohuns- Ottery. (Pule). This Sir Thomas Carew was nephew to the Sir Hugh who mai'i'ieil Margaret the other heiress, and wliose effigies the figru-es at Ashwater may be presumed to represent. The fact of an uncle and nephew marrymg two heiresses may perhaps be thus accounted lor. The father of Sir Hugh who married Mai'garet Carminow had three wives and he wa.s the son of the t/iird {'.) wife Maud Beaumont of Sherwill. The mother of Thomas Carew, who married Joan Carminow, was Joan daughter of the said Sir Hugh by his second {':) wife Philippa, daughter of Sir WaiTen Archdeckne of Haccombe, haH'-sister to the younger Sir Hugh, and probabl}" much older. Joan Carew the elder, wife of Su- Nicholas Cai-ew of Mohuns-Ottery, and mother of this Thomas Carew her eldest son, took a gi-eat displeasure against him, and although she was a great heiress and inherited all her motlier's lands, some seventeen manors, disin- herited him, and bequeathed the whole to her younger sons. " Thomas," says Cleveland, "repaired the loss by matching with one of Carminow's daughters and heirs." and so the whole estate was kept in the family. In the east window of the aisle of Ashwater Church, in which the effigies occur, are the ai-ras of Carew impaling Carminow ; and on a similar shield the dexter impalement of which is now blank (but was doubtless originally filled by the arms of Carminow), impaling, quarterly Courtenay and De Redvers, thus indicating that both heiresses Joan and Margaret Carminow contributed to the rebuilding of the aisle. The arms of Carminow impaling Courtenay are found also in Wolborough Church, mai-shalled as at A.shwater, together with the amis of Sir Hugh of Haccombe, his father, and his three wives. This Sir Hugh Com-tenay, supposed to be so represented in effigy at Ashwater, was grandson of Sir Edward Courtenay and Emmeline Dauney, whose effigies are found in Sheviocke Church, Cornwall. " In the south transept of Mawgan Church, Cornwall, called Carminowe aisle, \uider the south window, lies the effigies of a crusader carved in 00' 342 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE stone, lie is represented in mail and surcoat with a helmet under his head, and linn at his feet. Near it is the mutilated effigies of a lady in a lonof crown with a doo- at her feet. These are said to have been removed from the chapel of Carmuiow Baiton (the antient seat of the Carininows) in the reign of King James I." (Lysons). The arms of Carminow are, azure, a bend. or. " In the great cause between Sci-oop and Grosvenor in the I'eign of Richaixl II, respecting the beaiing of this coat, it was deposed by one of the witnesses that the same coat had been long borne by Carminow, and w-as allowed by the Earl of Northampton, when the matter was brought Ijefore him in France. Little ci-edit is. luAvever, due to this evidence, as the witness Thomas Fytchett, deposed to his having heard from old people, that his relation Thomas Carminow, proved the arms to have belonged to his ancestors from the time of King Arthur, ^^•hilst Mr. Richard Sci'oop only proved his family to have borne them from the time of William the CoiKjuei-or, the latter period being far beyond the time when arms were Hrst borne in this country." (Lysons). Atherington. Three effigies are found in this ('Inii-ch, iwo. a knight and lady on a. high tomb on tlie north side of the Chancel, the other, the iinitilated remains of a crusader on a coffin slmpcd stone, lies on tlie floor of the noi-th aisle of the Chancel. Lysons speaks of these effigies as having (^xisted original) v in tlit^ antient chapel of the llolv 'i'rinitv at Umbcrlcigli, a diantrv endowed liy Joan, heiress of Champcrnownc anil wife of Sir Italjili Willington, in the reign of Hem-y III, :ind which was suppressed In I r)47, that it was jiiilli-d down alioul tlio \i'a,i' I SOO, ;ind llirsi' nionunicnts subsecpiontly removed to Atherington ('Imivli in 1818. 'Iliis ;i(.Toinil has liccni conliinKMl li\- i-ccciil i'ni|uirics in i]\v parish. Westcote in i-efciring io (licni says, — -"In this cliapcl witc divi'rs fair monuments erected, iwo whri-cof only remain undrfai-c(l, whereon are many e.scutclieons cut, l)ut nothing (o hr scm e.xpre.ss, in any soit, what they wei'e. On the one is a kniglil cinioiisK- ]iorti-a\'cd ; the othri' nioiinincnt P.VRISH CUECHES OF NOETH DEVON. 343 should seem to lu' <>i' a kiiight-templar, or that liail vdwrd himself foi- the holy wai-s, for liis legs were crossed." Risdou nanutes, — " In Trhiity ChajJel, which still stands, many of these (the Willingtons) wei'o interred, this being their principal dwelling, where they had fair sepulchres, on whose tombs some of their ])ro])ortions were curiously cut; but Tempus cdax rencm. Now only twn of them remain, upon one of wliich is the effigies of a knight and liis hidy witli their armories, and other noble families, their allies, richly gilded, whereon the Conrtenays, (irandisons, Willingtons, Whalshborowes did not long since appeal-. On the other was a proportion, completely armed, lying cidss- legged, after the manner of such, as in elder ages went t(j war as in tlie Holy Land, i)ut none of them have any inscription left to testify who they were." Fui-ther he says, " This Lady Joan Champernowne was married to a Knight of Gloucestershire, called Sir Ralph Willington, by whom she had many sons ; whicli lady still retained her own name, and in all her charters and grants is still stiled the Lady Joan Champernowne, and all her sons left the arms of Willington, viz ; Parti/ per pale dente ar, which slie had of her own cost prepared and set up, near the altar of (3ur Lady in the under- croft, and being so intoniljed there, should never Ije removed, nor the name of the tomb altered, but be honourably kept, and hve shillings 'per annum to the clei-k, who kept the Lady Chapel, tor keeping clean her tomb, with many other matters in the indenture, which, that the chantry mio-ht not be foro-otten witli their successors, the monks caused to be enrolled and recorded in their }[artijrdoon her ohit day it might be annually recited. " The Dean and Chapter now possess the above manor, but the intent of it, as to the tomb, has long since been neglected." History of Kent. Weever, page 2 13, thus speaks of this tomb, — "In the undercroft of the Ladies Chapell is an ancient monument thus inscribed : — Joane de Borwaschsj Dame de Moun. Thus surnamed of Eurwasli a tonne in Sussex wherein she inliabitoMil, &c.'' It alfords a striking example of the vanity and futility of attemjjting to perpt'.tuate a name, thus evidenced by the care and consideration of Lady Joan .Nbilmn's bt'i|ucst for tlie ]')reser\'ati(_>n of her tomlj, and its present mutilated and neglected state. A small portion, about a tnurth only, of tlie canopy remains, and tliis in a very dilapidated condition, and the eitigy nnicli broken and injured. This Lady Joan was the wife "f John the la.st Lord Molmn of Dunster, to whom the tomb and effigies there were [)resumably erected. Dttnstkr (SoMKPvSKT). Tlii'ee effifries arc fouml in this line old ('hmrh. One, a lafly, on the south side of (ho ( "liancrl under an ogee arcli, that was originally crocketted, hut the top hnial is the only portion remaining. I'robahU' a cenotaph (o ihe same l,ail\ .\liee de Mohun, mfjthei' of Sir Ileginald and Sir Williani de ^^lhlUl. (he founders of Newcniiani .\bl)ey, who dieil iihoul I'_'.i7. and who is suppose(l to he representcil hy figures very similar foinid al .McMubury, and also at Axiiiiiister, where slic was pi-o]),abl\- buried. <_'r it njay be the second wife of her .son Reginald, who was, accordini'- PAEISII CHURCHES OF NOETH DEVON. 349 to Pole, Tsubrl. widow of (iilbert Lord Bassot. his tiisl wife, a Fleming, being supposed to he represented by the ettigy in Stoke Fleming Church. The otiu'r two ettigies of alal)aster on a liigli lomli uiicU'r the arch dividing the Mortuiuy Chapel from the CliariL-el on the north side of the altar, may bi- assigned to represent Sir John de Mohun, K.G., the fifth and last l)aroii of the family, who died early in the fourteenth century, and his wife Joan de Hurgwash, set np, probably, in remembrance of him by that lady after liis decease, she herself being buried at Canterbury Cathedral. Ebringtox (Gloucestershire). This efBgy is on a high tomb on the north side of the altar. Sir John Fortescue, Lord Chief Justice and Lord Chancellor of England, was tliird son of Sir John Fortescue, Captain of Meaux, who was the second son of William Fortescue of Wimpston Modbury, seventh in descent from its first possessor of that name. A circi;mstantial biography of this most eminent judge, and learned author of the celebrated treatise " De Laudihus legum Anglice " and numerous other w^orks, is given by Prince. From this we learn that in 1430 he was called to the degree of Sergeant at Law, and eleven years after (19th Hemy VI) constituted King's Sergeant, and the year after, 1442, was advanced by King Henry VI to be Lord Chief Justice of England, and subsequently to the high honour of Lord Chancellor. After an eventfid life, "at length," says his biographei-, "this great and learned person yielded to fate, though the tune of his death, that I can find, is nowhere mentioned, nor can it at this distance of time be weU retrieved; in aU proljability it happened at Eberton, a town in Campden in Glouces- terehue, where he had a considerable estate, which he left to liis posterity, in whose name it still continues, in which place the tradition is, that this Lord Chancellor Fortescue, being a great Lancastrian, foUowed King Henry VI to the battle of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire, Mot far from Eberton, where the King being overcome and taken prisoner, anno 1471, he retired to his house at Eberton and died in discontent," and adds, " this noble Lord Chancellor lived to a great age being supposed to be near ninety years old when he dyed." 350 SEPULCHEAI. EFFIGIES IN THE On the skies of the tomb are some remains of tlie autient tracery, quatrefoil panels, and floriated arches, and three shields exhibiting the arms of Fortescue. On a marble tal)le over is this inscription, placed there "at the charges of the h\te Colonel Robert Fortescue of Wear and PhiUegh, his direct lieir."' — In fcelkem et immortalem memoriam claris.simi riri Domini Joliantiis Fcrrtcscuti, Jlilitis, Gratultcri, Anglim Judicis I'rimani cl procesfiu iemporis gub Henrico VI (Ecgi- et Hdtcardo Principe siimmi CanceUarii Regis Conciliari) prudeiitissimi, legum Aiiglire peritissiini nee nan earimdem hyperaspistis fortisiimi : qui corporis exuria.i hctum resurrect ionem cxpectantes hie deposnit. Marmoreniii lioc mominientnin position, est, A.D. JIJI.C ZXXT'JI ; rofo et expeitsis Robert i Furtesciiti armigeri ejtisdtm Jamil iie ]i(/-redis nnper defaneti. Angligcnas intra cancellos juris et cequi Qui tenuit, cineres jam tenet urna viri. Lex viva ille fait patria lux spendida legis, Forte bonis scutum, sontibiis et scutica. Clarus erat tittdis, ehirus majoribus, arte Claras, virtute ast ! clartor cmicuit. Jam micat in tencbri', reluti carbunculus orbi, Nam virtus radios nun dure tanta nequit. Tivit adl/uc Fortencutus luudatuy in icvum Vivit et in legnm Inuiibus Hie suis. Arms: — -Shield 1. Fortescue impaling (ircnville and Nortlicote. (\)lonel Robert Fortescue married first, (irace the daughter of Sii' lievil Cireiiville, and secondly, Susannah Korthcote. Shield 2, quarterly of six : 1, Fortescue: 2, or, a hird sulilc. ( ^?) ; 3. (jiilcs, (I hiiilli't ir/j/iiii tin' lioriis of <( cn'srciit. or (Den/ell) ; 4, an/ent, on a }>en(l vert, hctirccii six cfoss/efs Jitc/iec i/h/cs, fhrer crosiers, or (Treawin) ; 5, guh's, a fcss r(fir(\ hctweea six crosses for nice Jitchee, or (Filleigh) : G. Fortebcue. .|,,],ii lie l''illeigh of I'"llloigli had issue, Flizabeth wife of William Treawin mT Wear-* Mtfud, Joan flioir danglitcr \v;is iiianied to Kiehard Denzell ; J'lli/alictli (lauglitci' oi' Ilidiai'd hell/ell iiiaiii(Ml Martin Fortescue son of Sir .lulin l-'oitcsciio. ( 'liicf .lusl ice and ln'e of olurc LoiDr 0oXf, i57o. Beliind him are two shields, on the dexter side, Fortescue quaitering Denzell, Treawin, and FUlegh; over, on an esquire's helmet is the crest of Fortescue, a i')Jain xliield argent, on the sinister side, the same coat and quarterings impaling, quarterly, 1 and 3, gules, a goat's head, cahoshed ; 2 and 4, ermine. The other brass appears to have been erected to Ins nicnuny by his brother-in-law. Sir Bai'iiard Drake, Knt., of Aslie, Musl)ury (whose effigy is in that Church), who married his sister Gertiude. "dFfortjEt tofjo can gf ^T^nt Ije Igst to ate JTfottEscuE of j]FfDlIcgI)tc t^c scbcntl) of tfjnt tcgrcc JjlcmEinbraiuc of a ftgnljc ijis farotfjci Drake liatfj sbotoc IDrtsmting tf)is unto tijt tvts of moo ?^urlful lo none nnli frcnlilnE to tl)t mostc Cbc txi^t fjis bones t^c fjcaiicns poBScssc f)is goste. JSicfjart jlFfortcscuc 'bit'b at Jfollegfjlc ge last tagc of 3unc 1570." 35'2 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE On the dexter side ai-e the arms of Drake of Ashe, on the shiister, Fortescue and quartermgs as on tlie other brass. In Bradford Church a mutilated flat stone records — Here, hjeih EU:abeth Fartat^cliii late the ti'ilff . All this granted of his staLni-e and strength, yet it couhl not give the name (which is th.it I insist on). Ww 1 find Sir llohcrl <\^- Pidickswell onie forty years hc'l'oic him, and anolhi'i' ol' ihc niiuie yd more antient." TARISH CHURCHES OF NOETH DEVON. 353 Kisdon gives a slniihu" version of the exploit of this ifiant knight, unci continues ; " His tomb is in the chiirch, having thoeoii his armed j)roportion, hirger than tlie ordinaiy stature of men, cut cross-legged, Avith two dogs at his feet. His daughter Elizabeth was wife of Joidaii de Haccombe, and their daughter Cecily was married to Sir .John de Erchdecne. PhiHppa the daughter of Sir WairiMi his son hrought it to Sir Hugh Courtenay." The presumed effigies nf tliese descenda)its of Sir Mauger e.xist in Haccombe Church, as noticed in tlie description of the South Devon effigies. Westcote seems to unply there was originally anothei' effigy in Georgeham Church, the wife of Sir Mauger. It is not found there now, and the figure of Su' Mauger, although a full-sized effigy, is not uncommonly large, but the treatment is bold and effective. The animals at the feet are lions, not dogs. Westcote further adds that among the " armories" to be seen in the church were the arms of St. Albyn — Ermine, on a plain ovss gules, Jive bezants. They are not visible there at present. HORWOOD. This fiofure is rn the north aisle. "This effigy," says Col. Harding, "may probably represent Emma, tlie wife of John Pollard, a daughter and coheir of John Doddescombe, Avh(j lived (probably) in the early part of the fifteenth century. In fin-tlier support of tliis supposition the following is from an antient MS. recoi'd, which appears almo.st conclusive : — " We find that John Pi)ll;ird .md Emma his wife, daughter and coheir of Jolui Doddescombe, raised one nf the isles in Horwood Church, from thence called tlie Pollard isle, ii window whereof was tliis inscription sometimes itli Ivlwaid II ii:!!:?) vowed liimsell' for the holy wars of Jei'usalem. wlu'i-e he continu(!d long, and at length was very dangerously wounded ." Foi- the cniitinuatiuii nj" (his story si'c ihc notice of ('vcditun. at which place this "dnughtv i'lM'\aliiT " anil his lady, were witlmut doubt interred. The Crusader in this ('Innvli (Iddesleigh) is ])robal)ly an ancestor of the valiant knight, tlie costuinc being a full century earlier than that worn ])y the effigy at Credit on. PAT^TSTT rUT'ljriTES OF NORTH 1)K\'()N. 355 Royal Hospitai, of St. Kathakink, (London). This inouuiuent ami ettigies was fdinu'rly nu tlie north si(h' of the choir of the Collegiate (Miurcli <>f the lloynl Hospital ot St. Katharine near the Tower, Ijondoii, and was reiiu)\ed to tlie new huildings in Regent's Pai-k when the antient structure there wns desti-oyed, to make additional room for the docks tliat Ijear its name. Gough gives the following description of this monument and effio-ies previous to theu* I'emoval : — "The Duke's figure is in short robes reaching to the waist, and piu'fled sleeves with wristbands, and waistcoat wa-ists under the gown sleeves ; standing cape, coronet and short hair ; under his head a helmet with headless crest ; at his feet a lion on its knees ; rinofs on first and third fingers on each hand. Two women are at his left hand, with coronets and reticulated head-dresses, vail behind, their heads recline on double cushions, and one is supported by angels. The first wears the cordon with roses and surcoat, and has a li(jn at her feet. The furthest lady is exactly the same, but taller, and her surcoat shorter, her arms and liands entire, rings on every finger of each hand, two dogs at her feet with collars and bells, their paws on each other. Over the centre of the west end is a helmet surmounted by a lion passant guardant witliin a hordev seme de I//s, sided by angels, one holding a guitar aiul the other a harp. At the feet are three niches and perks ; over the centre one, a helmet with crest and arms as before ; on each side of it two shields hang from the necks of figfures, the north shield has France and England under a label of thi-ee, the other the Duke's arms, impaling a, chevron, whose charge is defaced. The arch is a half trefoil, on the points of which are angels holding shields, one spotted or. In the spandrils are two crouching angels with labels; in the lai-ger spandrils are two other angels blowing tiiimpets, labelled; the cornice has six crouching angels, two su2:)porting a helmet, crest, and shield, in the centre of the monument ; one on each side of these ; and fine at each end of the fascia, each sujiporting a helmet, crest and shield. Over all twelve niches siding a taller niche in the centre, over them a fii.scia of lozenges, and another of leaves. Twelve niclies on the 356 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE altar tonil) under a fascia of heads. Up the west side runs a l^order of a stao- hunt, foxes and geese, &c. The centre shield and twn angels remain on n(jrth side in the vestrv (cliantry), the lions on the shield run the contrary way. On each side of the vestry (chantry) door are four human fio-ures, the uppermost one on each side having a label an outer border lozenoy ; over the door three niches, and foiu- lions couchant, pendant from the l)ases of the tinials." John Holland was second son of John Holland, Earl of Huntingdon and Duke of Exeter, who was beheaded at Pleshy 1.199. He was restored to his father's estate 4th Henry V, 1417, and was in several expeditions in France both in that and the succeeding reign, having been taken prisoner when the Duke of Clarence was slain. He was constituted Lord High Ad mind of England and Ireland 21st October 14th Henry YI, 143G, and next Year Constable of the Tower. Created Duke of Exeter 2 1st Henry VI, 14G3, with the special privilege that he and his heirs male shmild have their seats in all Parhaments next to the Duke of York and his hehs male. He died 5th August ^(Jth Henry YI, 1448, and was buried UL S. Katharine's, \\itli a muninnent and ettigies of himself, his first wife Anne and sister Constance, or second wife Aiuie. His will bears date U!tb July 1447, and he there dhects his "body to he buryed in a chai)iicll witin tin' chirch <,\' Seynt Katryne l^esyde the Toure of London, atte nniili eiide itf the high auter, in a tombe yat is ordeyned for me. wit Auiie my Hrste wyff. and wit my sister Custance, and wit mv wvif Anne yat now is." And lintlier he directs, "also y woU that Hi I lionest ;ind rnnnyng prccsts be ordeyned yearly, pri-pelually to pray for my soni in tin' firsaiil cliiippi'il, mnl Ibi- tbe sonic of Anne my first wylfe, the souK' of my sister ( 'ustaunce, and for the soul of Anne my wyffe yat nowe is, wlicn she |)assctli oule of yis worlde, and loi- ;dl the soides of my progenitours. Prmce, who gives a biography of this nobleman, says his fii-st- wile was Anne, widow of Ivlmnnd Mortimer. Ivnl of March, and daughter of Edmund Enrj of Stull'oid. Secondly he ni;iiried Anne, sister of 'i'homas Montacuti', Larl of S.ilishuiy, and widow previously, first of Sii' .lohn Fitzlewis, aiifl sccon.lly to Sir Richard ll.mklord ..f Ainicry, Monkleigh. *Slie Wiis g|-andda,uglitcr of John dc MonlMcutc, Huron of Stokcnhmn, :ind I'AEISH CIlUliCIlKS OF NOETIT DEVON. 357 lit'i- brother the Earl Thniiias niiuiii'd Eleanor Holland, t'oinlli (lauo;hter v\' Thomas llnlliiiid, Ivirl (if Kent, and cniishi to the l)nk(" licr liusl)and. The arms on the tinub, Holland impaling the defaced r/icrruii would a])])ly to either wife, as both Stafford and Hankford bear that ordinary in their coat armour. The royal arms would be hi right of the Duke's mother who was Elizabeth socond daughter of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. In a window ol the south aisle of the choir of the Cathedral is an autient shield of glass, charged with Mortimer mipaling France and Eufifland. Doubtless it has alluson to then- alliance witli the families of of Holland, Courtenay, and Stafford, as connected \vitb the county. In addition to the j'l'esumed alliance of John Duke of Exeter with the wife of Edmond Mortimer, Earl of March, Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon (the blind Earl) or liis son Edward, married Eleanor daughter of Roger Mortimer Earl of March, and sister of Edmond before mentioned. Another shield in the adjoining chantry of S. Mary Magdalene exhibits quarterly 1 and 4, gules a /iov rampant, or (Talbot ?) ; 2 and 3, cliequy or and azure, over all a lahel of three ( ?) and another near is blazoned with Courtenay mipaling Bohun. The first, possibly, has reference to the marriage of Hugh de Courtenay, Earl of Devon (ol). 1422), who wedded Anne daughter of Richard Lord Talbot, and sister of .hihn Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, ' famous ' for his participation in the war that consigned the hei'oic Joan of Arc to the stake. This Hugh was grandson of Sir Edward of She\-iocke, third sou of Hugh and Margaret Bohun under the south tower. The seal of this Anne Talbot, Countess of Devon, was found in i-emoving an old building in Catharine Street, Exeter, in 1839, and is now in the possession of the Earl of Devon. It is of brass (latten) gilt, and has on it the arms of Courtenay with label, impaling a lion ramjxint ■within a hordure engrailed, over is an angel, and on each side a lion rampant rerfirdant- 'I'he legend around is : — ^igillum 2x\\\t e'ouitfunp ComitiGsr Deliontf. The monument, as re-erected ui the new S. Katharme's, bears the following inscriptions : — CI)is inomtnimt Uias riertfti in tljc CoUcgiatf Ci)urrl) of ^t. Uatljarinc neav tljc €o\\kv to tl)c mcmorj) of 358 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE 3Iol)ix bollcint) 'Dnlx^ of (SiTtrr, €arl of DuntiugUou axiu Ilirj), HorO of ^parr, ^IDmiral of CnglcinU ive-- lantr anti :3[rquit(iti?f, t\ntgl)t of tl)f most noblr orUcr of tl)r anitfr, anO Constable of tijf CoUirr. iDf Oifti 5 :3[iig;uct 1447. :3[l5o to t})f mrmorj) of ins t\iio Intlirs Hi;, .^luiif naugljtrr of CtHuarO Carl of ^taPTorti bn UiI)oin i)f bad issiir i*)run) DollanQ tbf last DuUr of Cxttn of tl^at surnamr, Uibo marnfU 2nnt, sistrr to l^ing €D\iiaiti ];1-L anti tiifti liiiti)Out issur. 3[nli :3[nne liaugbtcr of Siobu iHontarutr, Carl of ^alisbiir)', bj) Uiijoni \k bat) tssiit bts onlp Uaugbtfr Qlnnr, motbrr of HaLpb J^rlnUr tbtrQ Cail of (lOfStmorrlanti. On the second : — Their re/iaanis havimi been carcfuUi/ removed from, the nrir/inal place of interment xvere deposited in this Chapel, as are those of the other persons tvhose monutiients and tombstones were transferred to it from the Collegiate Clturch of St. Katharine afor/'snid. Landkey. These effigies, three in luimlier. have lately heen discovered (hn-ing the restoration of the chiuvli. o,\e(| up two recundtent ligures in freestone, of a TAEISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. .359 lady and liei luisband, l)()tli shamefully mutilated. There is no du'ect evidence as to whose nieninry the monument was erected ; some liave ascribed it to the Eystons. Tf" allowed to hazard a conjectiu'e, we should suppose to some of tlie Arundel family, who ftrmcrly had con.siderable pi-operty both here and in the adjoining parisli of La]iford." The first of these svu-raises is probably the correct one, that tliey represent memliers of the Eyston family, antiently of Eyston in (Iiis parish. 'Hie aisle is still termed Eyston's aisle, and the insLiI|itioii on a small uioniunent, just over the figures on the left, offers sti-ong presumptive evidence in confirmation. — In nnemoi-iain GahrieU Greene, generosuvi, qui obllt aecundo die Novembris, annoq: Dom: 1G8.5. Et in sacrum memoriam de Dorothia uxor predicti Gabrielm., qui obiit decimo die Aprielis, annoq. Dom: 1(!(!0. Below on a shield are these arms, — -parted per chevron, three draijons or cockatrices crowned — but the colours obliterated. Pole gives the arms of Kston (Eyston) of Estou as — per cliciToa, or and gule.s, three sea. dragons (naiant), counterchanged in pale, crowned; — very similar, and it is probable tliis Gabriel Greene married the daughter and heiress of Eyston John Eyston, temp. Henry VIII, married Margaret daughter of Sir Thomas Arundel of Chideock, Dorset (whose effigy is in the church there) and had issue John, Thomas and Mai-y. This would be about the date of the effiofies in Morchard Churi;h. o Plymouth, St, Andrews. Two effigies were found under the floor of the soiitli aisle during the recent restorations. One a male in alto reliero on a Purbeck marble slab, of early date, in plain long goAVTi witli straight folds, similar to the figtu-e at Townstal, Dartmouth. The other, a fragment only, shows traces of a camail and jn[ion, and is of later date. It is not known who they commemorate. 360 SEPULCHEAJj EFFIGIES IN THE Salisbury Cathedral. This effig}' lies nialci- the nurtheni arcade in the nave. Sir Jolm de Alontacute, Baron Montac-ute of Stokenham, South Devon, Avas second son nf WilUani Montacute, first Earl of Salisbury of that name (ob. lo4.">) Ijy liis \\ife Katharine (ob. 1350), daughter of William Lord (ji-randisson, and sister to Jolm de Grandisson, Bishop of Exeter, and Sir Otho de (xrandisson, whose effigies (or those of his lather Lord William) are in the church of Ottery St. Mary. He married Margaret, sole heir of Thomas, Bai'on Montbermer of Stokenham. She died 18th Richard TI. IS.OO. Ralph de Morthermer married the Princess Joan (of Acres), second daughter of King Ed\\-ard I, and widow of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertibixl. He was summoned to Parliament as a baron in 1308. The manor of Stokenham, whicli belonged to Matthew Fitz- John, and who had also Ijeen summoned as a baron of Parliament, was given by him at his death (together with the inheritance of all his other lands) to King Edward L That monarch bestowed it on his son-in-law, Sir Ralph de Montlirrmor. to be held of the Crown, of which the Eai'l of Devon complained, and received redre.ss, a.s the manor was then held undei- the Courtenays as of the hom)ur of Plympton. Sir Tliomas de Monthei'nier, Baron of Stokeidiam, was eldest son of Sir lial])li. He served King Kdwaid ill in the wai'S of France, and was slain in the haven of Shiys in a sea figlit. L4tli Edward HI, 1340- (Polo). Margaret, sole diniglitii- of Sir Thonuis de Montbermer, niarrit'd Sir John de Montacute, who in I ;)37 was sununoned to Parliament as Baron Montacute of Stokunliam. "Sir .folin de Montacute," .says Dodsworth in his Utsfd)-// of Sah'.'^l'iiri/ Cathedral, " was younger son of Wijliain fust Kail of Salisliuiy of that family. He was in the battle of Cres.sy, and afterwards served in tlie wars of France. In 1382, beincj Steward of (he Houseliold ol' Richard II, he was desjiateliod to (..'alais, to eondncl Anno, the (|Uocii o| that monarch, to England. .\ff erwards he served undci' Itii'haid himself In the expeditioJi to ScoiLi.d. lb maiiicd .Margaret, daughter and luires.s TARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 361 of Thdinns (le Moiitheriner, iUid, in Iut ri^Iit, held considerable landed property. He was suinnumed to Parliament among the l)aroiis ni' {\nj realm from :n.st Edwanl 1 1 1 to 13th Richard II. He died Krlnuary 2.")th 1389. By his -will dated in March 1388 he ordered his hudy to be biuied ill the Cathedral Cluurh of Salisbury, between two pillars or, in ciuse he should die in London, in St. Paul's, near the font where he was baptized. A black woollen cloth was to be laid over his bod)' and within the hearse, and to cover the ground another of russet and white, which was to be distributed to the pot)r for garments. Five tapers each weighing twenty pounds, ami four mortars each of ten, were to be placed nbout the hearse, liut it was to be decorated with no jiainting except a banner of the arms of England, and four others of the arms of Montacute and iMonthermer. A plam tomb was to be erected to his memory bearing the image of a knight, and the arms of Montacute, and a helmet mider his head." In 1789 this tomb was renwved with his remains from the north side of the Lady Chapel ; the side of the tonil) next the nave and the ends are original, the other side is from portions of the Beauchamp Cliaj)el. On the t(3mb bulo\v tu-e panels of quatrefoils, and in their centres shields. On two of these are the ai-ms of Montacute: — argent, three f us ih in /esse gules, within a hordure sable, impaling, Monthermei', or, an eagle displayed vert, beaked and membered gules. The bearings of two other shields are defaced. "William Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, elder brother of Sir John, married Elizabeth (nh. 141.')), daughter of John Lord Moh\m, whose effigy is pre- sinnably in Dunster Church. Both these noblemen were honored with the Order of the Garter at its first institution. The well known legend connected A\lth its establishment is said to refer to Katharine Grandison, Coimtess of Salisbury, his mother. This Earl and his \s'ife Avere both buried at Bisham Abbey. He was largely connected with the overthrow of Mortimer, in whose apprehension he had a principal hanil. William, liis son, dying without issue during his father's lifetime, the title reverted to John de Montacute, son of John de Montacute, Baron of Stokenham. Conspiring against King Henry IV, he with some other noblemen, liis associates, were beheaded by the town's people at Cirencester. 362 SEPULCHEAL EFFIGIES IN THE A.i). 140V. and liuried in the Alibey there, but his leniaius were removed afterwards to Bisham Abbey. In the eist win(Liw of St Gabriel's Oliantry in the Cathedi'al are these arms : — 1. Courtenay, n'itJi hihel, impahng. or. three pile.'< in point azure (Brian). Hugh Coui-tenay, ob. 1377. eklest si:)u of Hugh and Margaret Bohun, whose effigies are under the soutli tower, married Elizabeth, daughter of Guy, Lord Brian. 2. Aiycnt. thi-ee fusils in /esse g-iles (Montacute). William Montacute, Earl of Sarum. father of Jcthn de Montacute. Bai'on of Stokenham, who was his second son, bv Katharine, sister of Bishop Grandison. 3. Ermine, a cross Jozengy, gules (Northwode). Sir Jolin de Northwode, married Agnes, sister of Bishop Grandison, and of Katharine, wife of WiUiam de Montacute, Earl of Saruni. The same coat is on a boss in the nave. 4. Bohun ; 5, Bishop Grandison ; (■, Northwode, inipahng Grandison. [n the third window from the west, in the south choir aisle, is (j'liuici'/ij, 1 and 4, Montacute ; 2 and 3, aji eagle displayed vert, (Monthermer) (quartering, gides, a snUier aiyoit, li Ncnile, Earl of Westmoreland. This effigy is now in the nave. Sauskik^- Ga'iiikdkai,. Iiobert Lord Ilungcrfoi-d (ob. II.')!*), (.si_)n of Walter liord llungerl'ord) w;i.s buried in tlic noi-tli clioli- :iisl(' between the Lady Chapel and the Chantry his widow i'onnded alter liis decease. It was an altar lundi within a canopy of four arches, and a fascia of (|natietoils and leaves over. (hi llie toliili below WO'C sllii'lds ill i |U:i 1 I'eioils. Lord ilungerfoi'd Ibught iimlii- tlie Duke of Bedfniil in tlio French Avars (Uirin'T the rei"ii Kinn- lienr\ \'l. lii nianied IMarcaret Bottreaux (ob. 1477), daughter of Willljni lioid llottreaux of Bottreaux Castle, OoiMiwall, and \billand l!..ttrean\, l)e\on. who \i;ir slain at the second PARISH CURCHES OF NORTH DEVON. 363 biittlo of St. Albans, 14(52. She was 1)uried in the centre nl' tlic chapel she liad timnded, in thr aisle close ailjniiiino- hci- husband's tomb. It was an altai' tomb with t'io-ht shields in ([uatrefoils under, and the slab a giK>d imitation of a pall witli a cross on it. The chapel was Ijeautifully decorated with sickles, (/ro-hs, and griffins, the liadge of Bottreaux, antl a number of shields on the walls displayed the alliances of Hungerford. Among these were Courtenay, and the two coats of Bottreaux, argent, three toads erect sable, and argent, a griffin rampant gules. No trace of the tomb remains, and only a few inconsiderable fragments of the chapel are now left to attest its original splendour, both jirobably shared the coiiuuon fate of many others during Wyatt's ruthless destruc- tion. Shebbeare. This etiigy is luider an obtuse arch in the south aisle. Westcote says " Here is the monument of some lady with her pictiu'e cut in alabaster, without inscription, but tradition delivers that it was Lady Prendergest of Ladford." Risdon ofives a similar version: "There is a monument in that Church, covered with seats wliich \ (as they have by tradition) was erected to the memory of Lady Prandergist, sometime lady of Ladford a:id Beai'e, who built the south side of the Church and covered the same with lead." Kosary or Necki.ce shcbbeare. The "picture" is not cut in alabaster but ortlinary sandstone. The above story is only a tradition jjrobably, as Prendergist is not a Devon- shire name, and not identified with any of the old county families. Ladford was the lands of John a younger sou of Sir William Hankford in King Hemy IV's time (Pole). This Sir William was j^TObably Lord Chief Justice Hankford of the King's Bench, and of Annery, near Monkleigh (ob. 1422), and bui-ied in Monkleigh Church. Sherwill. This effigy is in the north chancel wall and rejnesenls a lady. rr 364 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE The eaily luvds of Shei-will were the De Bellomoiite or Beaumont family, who had tlieu- dwelhng at Youlston in this parish. Possibly it may be intended for Joan, daughter of John and Alice Beamnont, \\"ife of Sir John Chudleigh. She was the surviv ir of the three children of John and Alice Beaumont, who all died issueless. At her death she left her lands to her kinsman Richard Beaumont of Sebriscot, the direct repi'esentative of the family, who flourished about the middle of the reign of Edward III. (Pole). From the Beaumonts (temp. Henry YIll) it passed to the Chichesters. Or it may be a. cenotaph to Maud, daughtei' of Sir John Beaumont, and third wife of Sir Hugh Com'tenay of Haccombe, and whose efligy with that of Pliilippa Arcedeckne (his second wife) are presumably found in that church. Lady Maud Courtenay was buried in the Lady Chapel of St. Nicholas' Priory (!hurch, Exeter, 1468. Bartholomew St. Ledger married Blanch, daughter of William Bomx-hier, Lord Fitzwarren. She was bm-ied in Sherwill Church 1483. Shkviockk (Cornwall). Three effigies are fouml in tliis tliurch — two under a canopy in the south transept, and one in the north aisle. The two figures in the transept uiv considered to represent Sir Edward Courtenay (ob. vita jxttris 1372), third son oi Hugh Courtenay, third Baron of Okehampton, and second Earl of Des-onshire, of that name ((J). 1377), and his Countess Margaret, daugliter ot Ihnnplu-y liolnni, luul of Hereford and Esse.x, and grandaughter of King Ivlward I. ami F^^nnnelinc Dawney his wife (oh. 1370), daughtei- and lieivess of Sir .iolm D.iwncy of Slioviocke (r,b. 1334.) Lysons, rcfmiing to tliese cfHgies, observes: "There are several shields over the moiunnents the arms of whiili are obliterated. A few years since those of Coui'tenay impaling L)iiwney wcri^ visible over the (igure of the lady, <'vidcntly indicating that i( was intended to represent I'^uimcline, llie daULilitei' ol' Sir .Iolm I >.i\\ii('\-. ;ind wife of Sir Edward Courtenay, who by this niarriagc ;ic(|niroil ih" in.mor oi" Slic\'iocke." "'I'liis Sir Ivlward Com'tenay, Hurnanicd of (iodlington," says Cleveland, I'AEISH CHURCHES OF NOETH DEVON. 365 '■ iiinnietl Emmeliiif (liui^litcr ninl lu'ir ot" Sir Juliii Dawiiey, :iii(l had l)y her sixteen manovs, he died before his father tlic Vjm\, anrl had by his lady two sons, Edward who came to be l^>arl after his grandfather, and Sir Hny'li r(nn1:en:iy of flaccombe, whose grandson Edward was I'estored to the EarkUtm of Devonshire upon the faihn-e of liis eUler brother's issue." The richne.ss of attire observable in these ethgies, the gilded armour of the knight, and head-dress of the lady, give a strong waiTant that they are intended to i-epresent this noble pau'. The single effigy in the north aisle may be assigned to be Sir John Dawney (obiit 13. "54), the father of the Lady Emmeline Oourtenay, by his wife Sibella, daughter of Hugh de Trevei'byn. The two male figures are exactly alike in attitude and costume, but no colour or gilding is observable on the effigy in tire aisle. The baronial family of De Alneto f)r Dawney were of very antient descent, and possessed of large landed estates in the county. The arms of Dawney are : — argent, on a hend cotizcd scible, three annuhts of the field (Lysons). Tawstock. This effigy is luider an obtuse arch in the north Chancel wall. In 1435 John Pulton, s.T p, was instituted to the rectory, patron King Henry VI, " rationc minoria (etatis lltomctfilne Jilie cf heredis Ricardi Ilondkeford militls defuncti." This Su- Richard, son of that celebrated judge Sir William Handkford, was buried at Monkleigh. His daughter Thomasine became wife to Sir William Bourchier, Lord Fitzwarren, and brought the Tawstock estate to his family. Under an obtuse arch in the north wall of the Chancel is the well executed figure of a female in oak, with her hands joined before her breast. Can it represent Thonuusine Hankeford the heire.ss above mentioned? (Oliver). ITie costume of the effigy represents an era at least a century earher than the date of John Pidton's institution. Thoma-sine Hankford was biu-ied at Bampton with her husband Lord Fitzwan-en. Arms of Hankford : — gules, a chevron ham/ vxivij anjcnl and soh/c. rr' 366 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE Wear-Giffard. These effigies recline under ai'ches in the north wall of the nave near the Chancel. The arch over the knight is rather high and acutely pointed, while that abo\-e the lady is very low and looks apparently recent. From the ample width of the tomb on which the knight is founf .lolni, tlie last Loid Mohun, K.G., by his wife Joan de Burghwash, whose effigies are pre- sumaVjly foxmd in Dunster Chm-ch and Canterl)ury Cathedral. She man'ied, first Lf>rd titzwalter, secondly Sir John Golofre, and thirdly Edward Plantagenet, Duke of York, son of Edmund of Langley, fifth son of Edward in. The following inscription was on the verge of the tomi) : — 368 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE pi)tlippa filia et coijares 3iol)annt5 'Dom: iHol)un Or Ounstfr, uror €ti\uaitii dicis (luboracfnsts, morttiir 9[imo 3:)om. 1474. This reading is taken t'roiu a liistury of the Abbey, date 17'22, it is now ahnost illegible. The year of her death as given, 1474, seems too late; another account makes her to have died 17th Henry VI, 1439. On the panels below are seven shields thus emljlaziiued in colours : — 1> '"''■) (f y^'*^' hetiveen two chevyon.'^ gules (Fitz- Walter) impaUng, or, a crosis engrailed sahlc (Mohun) : 2, Barry iiehiile of eight argent and gidex, on a bend sable tlirce Ix'zauts, (Golofre) impaling, Mohun ; ."3, France and England quarterly, with o label of three argent, on each point tJiree torteanx (Plantagenet, Duke of York), imjjaliiig Mohun : 4, Mohun irn])aling, gides, a lion rampant (March?); 5, Mohun alone; G, Plantagenet, Duke of York alone; 7, Mohun alone. Sir John Golofi-e, her second ]iusl)and, is buried just outside the Chapel of St. Nicholas, in the ainbulatory surrounding the Chapel of St. Edward the Confessor. On a large Mat stone, now nuicli denuded, are traces of a matrix re- pi'esenting a knight under a t-aiiopy, Avith a ledger line around. One pinnacle of the canopy, and a small portion of the mscription only remains : — . . . tarn piobatue, larrt i)or savo tiimulatus ar iionagrno rum srjito roncoriato, nolirmbrts nifusf .... Edward Duke <•(' ^'nrh was slain at AgincouJl, his body limught home and bm'ied at Fotheringay where his effigy in brass was set on his tomb, wliicli A\-as destroyed at tho dissolution oi' religions houses. According to the \ isitatioii of I )e\onshirc, she appears to have married I'onrthly Lord Vesey. The Golafi'es were probably of Kylicld ncai .Xbingdon, lierksbiic. .lolm Golafre was Knight of" the Sliiie in \:','-l7. Sir Jolm ( Jolatre was emj)loyed in an endjassy to Fiance hi I ;!8'.). I''illier this Sir .lohn (lolalre or a, 8on of the same name died seized ol' llir manor ol' iMlicld in I 142. The PAKISII CJHURCIIES OF NORTH DEVON. .169 same year a license wjis granted l)y tlic cidwii fur tlie foundation nC a, chantry at tin- altar of S. .lolni tlio iiaptist, ]>ui'suant to tlie will ol' Sir John Golafre, ■who is styled in the charter servant to King J lenry V and King Henry VI. The daughter and heir of the last mentioned Sir .lohn (iolafre married Jolin de la Pole, Earl of Tjineoln, wlio lost his life at the battle of Stoke, and was attainted of treason. In the north aisle of the parish Church is the monument of Sir John Golafre who died in 1442. His effigies in armour lies on an open altar tomb, beneath whic-li is the tigure of a skeleton in a, shrond. The amis of Golafre are on the tomb, and in the windows of the Church (Lysons). The tu-st Sir John Golafre (oh. 1863) settled at Fytield in consequence of his marriage with Elizabeth daughter of John Fyflf'ede or Fyfield (ob. 1360); Thomas his son (ob. 1378); John son of Thomas (ob. 1441). Sir John Golafre, the ambassador, died at Wallinorford in 1396, arid was buried in Westminster Abbey (Lysons). This last mentioned Sir John Golafre must have been the second husband of Philippa Mohun. The Duke of York hei' husband among other honours held the office of Governor and Lord of Carisbrooke Castle in the Isle of Wight, which office Ills Duchess appears to have held aftei' his decease, up to the time of her death, when she was succeeded by Humphry Duke of Gloucester. MoDBURY, South Devon. It has been sui-mised that the more antient effigies in this Cluu-ch, a female nearly perfect, and the mutilated portions of two crusaders, represent members (jf the family of Prideaux of (jrchardtou in this parish, as an aisle in the Church (mentioned by Leland) was named after them. 'Sir John I'rideaux, Knight of the Shire ior Devon in 1383 and 138(5, presented to the Church of Combe in Tinliead in 1391. There is a- tradition that this Sir John Prideaux slew his relation Sir William Bigbury, at a place called "The Five Crosses,' near Modbury, and Ijeing one of the party of the ' White Rose ' against Henry IV, in oixler tf» secure his pardon was obliged to part with considerable manors, e. of Prideaux ever ag-ain presented to the Clhiux-h of the last named manor. He died in 1403, and in his will dated 5th June in that year, he directs that his 370 SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE body should be burled iu the aLsle (al;i) nf the Chuvcli of St. Peter at Modbiiry, and gives to the same t'hurcli lOO.s., under the condition that if the parisliioners of the said Parish Church sliaU buy A\ithin tvo years a set of vestments they shall be paid, but if not, tlier. the gift shall go for the picture lately bought for tlie high altar of Modbury; gives to his daughter Thomasia all his pearls, and residue to Elizabeth his wife. He died on Wednesday next after the Feast of the Blessed Virgin ]\Iary 1408, seized of the Manor of Orcharton.'" (Sir J. Maclean's Ilisttvy of Trigg Minor). Tlie costume of the effigies is a full century antecedent to the death of this Sir John Prideaux, but they may rejjresent earlier members of the familv. Pt02:er, Sherift' of Devon 1271, 2, .3, or his father Geoffrv who man-ied Isabella daughter nf Jolm de Orchartnu. The tomb in the north transept has recently been restored, and an uncommon feature discovered, that of a small (juatreloil opening or window in the back of the canopy. The Bigbury tamily are commemorated by brasses in the adjoining Church of that name. Bep:r Fekrkks, South Devon. Ilelative to the effigies and anus, lioth ni tliu window and on tombs in this Church, the following descent will l)e explanatory. Sir William de Ferrers niarried Isolda do (/ardiuhani, daughter of Ajidrew de Cardinhinu, and widow ot Thomas tie Tracy. Thc>ir eldest son Sir lieginald de Ferrers married Margai'et sister and heir of Sir Robert le Dennis. His eldest son Sir William married Matilda dauirhter of Sir Koger and Joan C'arminow. Sii- i )liver Carminow son of Sir .Roger, mari'ied Tsolda daughter of Sir licginald ile Ferrers, sister of Sir Willinni. Sir William do Ferrers liad issue Sir Jolm, wlio luid issue Martin, last of the name ol ['>vi:r Ferreis, whose daughler Jone married Alexander, eldest son of Sir Puchaj'd Cliam])ernowne of Modbiu-y, who left issue Roger, (of Beer-FeiTers) Avhose gravestone still exists there. \\'i' ij;i~s; (lie ]i;i(li llial oiicli man tniil Is dim, or will lie -d Abbe;/). | Sir John deCourtenay.=j=Isa'beI de Vere.=:Lord Oliver Dinham 1 [Ilominiraii C/iior/i, Exitcr.) Sir Hu^h Courte-T=Elcanor de Spencer. Sir Stephen de Hactombe=f Matilda? (Haccombe Sir Manger St.=F..? nav. ° I (llaccombc Church). I Church) ..Ubyn (Ueorge- I I ham Church). 1 ' ■ ^ — :■! I — -^-' Sir Hun-h Comteiiay.=j=Agnes St. John. Humphrey de=pElizabeth, dau. of Sir Jordan de=i=Isabel St. Albyn I . Bohun (Exeter I Edward 1. (I'ow- Haccombe. I I Cathedral). | derham Church?). I Sir Thomas=Murielde Mules Hugh Cour-^pMargarct Sir John=j= Sybil Tre- Sir John le=pCicely de Courtenaj'. (South-Pool Church ?) tenay( Exeter Cathedral). Bohun Dawney I verbin. (E.xeter (Sheviocke | Cathedral). Church), i , Arcedecknc. Haccombe (Haccombe Church). T Sir Peter Courtenay, Courtenay KXr. (Exeter (Sheviocke Cathedral). Church). Sir EdwardT=Emmeline Sir War-T=EIiza- Margarefc=Sir John Sir Philip=7=Annc Wake, Courtenay Cobham. Courtenay. (Cobham Ch.,Kent) I ' I ■ ■ ' I ' Sir Joliii=pJoan Cham- Sii- Hugh i^Eiizabcth C'ogaii.=^Philippa Arce-=j=iraud Beaumont Dawney reu le (Sheviocke Arce- Chui-ch) deekne. beth Talbot Courtenav. pernowne. Courtenaj' (Haccombe Church). deekne. (Hac- I (Sherwill Church ?) combe Church). | h Sir Philip=fElizabeth. Courtenay. Sir Hugh Ciiurteniiy^Margaret Carmiuow, (Ashwater Church). | (Ashwator Church). Sir Philip=f=.. Courtenav. I William Cour- tenay (Plymp- ton Church). SirAVilliam=f=Jlargaret Courtenay. Bonville. Sir John Cham-=Margaret pcinowne 'Jlod- Couiteiiay. bury Church). Elizabeth=:Jamcs Luttrell. (Diuister Church) Sir William=Catlicrinc=Thomas Rogers Edward =Alice Cour(e- Wotton. nay. (Eandrakc Church). PI uddesficld. (Shillingford Church I William Courtenay. Gertrude Blouut=lIinry, Marquis (Wimborno Minster), of Exeter. T ^Katharine, d. of Edw. IV. {Tivntuii ('hnrcJi ':) Margaret. A davighter ? (ColjtonCh.) Sir William=r=Joan Courtenay Carcw. I 'i'homas Carcw.=pElizabeth I Courtenay Sir Gi orgo Curew Sir I'hilip Carcw. Sir Peter (!aiew (Exeter Catlicdral). V, icoly .='nioma.s Kirk- hani. I 1 Jiihn =1.. Carcw. 01c; (Uicklrigl Cliuich). St. Humphrey.=p. . Peter Carew.=T= Elizabeth Chudleigh (bickleigh Church). r -^ Sir Henry Carew, I5t., (Bickleigh Chureh)=.. Mohun. ArrENDTX. 373 AI'I'K Nl)l\ fi William ili.> Muluin.: Wiiliam do Mohuii.^ William de Mohun.= H William Lord Bnwere.=FBcati-ix. Sir Reginald de JIohun=f=Alico do Briwere (Axminstcr Church). I ' — ' Isabel, I.adv Busset.=j=Sir Kcginald de=p . . . Fleming (Stoke (Dimstcr Church :). \ Mohun. j Fleming Church?). , 1 I , Sir William do Mohun. .Sir\\'ilIiam=pBeatrix do Jloluin. I Fitz-1'icrs. .Tohn, Lord= Mohun. Uobcvt do Mohun. Sir John Carew.=j=Elinor de Mohun. (Luppit Church) . | John T.ord=^ IMohun. Sir John Carew.' =Margarct do Mohun. John Lord=r . . Mohun. SivLeonard=pAlico Fitz- John, Lord=p Reginald do=j=EliKibfcth Carew. Alan. Mohuu. Mohun. Fitz- William Sir Thomas=fEli?.abcth Carew. Bonville. John, Lord=Joan de Mohun.K.O. I'.urghwash (Dunst'T Church). .Tohn do JIohun.=f=, Joan Comtcnav.=p."*ir Nicholas Carew. Thomas de JIohun=T= (Lanteglos Church) ' Edward Cour-nrEUz-'lioth Sir ThoinaiFf=Joan Car- Sir Nicholns= tenay (Tiverton ' Coui-tcnav. Carew. niinow. Carew (Hac- Church) I ■ I comhe Ch.) 1 , 1 , Isabel Cour- tcnay. =WilIiam de Mohun. Sir Nicholas=pMargaret Carew. (Westminster Abbey). Dinham. John Care w=f Elizabeth, d. I iif .John Lord i Zouch. John Mohun.=Anne Code (Lanteglos Church). L , L , Sir Edmond=j=Katharine JohnCarew=f=Eliz ibeth Carew. | Huddeslield. | Martin. ,-J I , George Carew,=T=,\nn T).i>. 1 Harvey. Sir Gawen Carew:^I,ady (luildford (The Cathedral). | (Kentisheare Ch.) Peter Carew Oeorgo, Karl=Joice (The Cathe- ofTotncs. Clopton. dral). Jlaiv. Thomas Carew. t= Mary Hody (Hac- I cumbo) J_ ^ Peter. =Wiil(er Dowrieh. John Carew. -[-Elizabeth llill (Sandiord Church) I (JIaccombo ChurclO. William. Thomas Carew.=pAnn Clifford (Haceombo Church). Sir Thomas Carew, Bart. SIf' 374 APPENDIX. O "-5 H O P=3 O CO O w (^ !^ m;is Com'-=p.AIuriel (South- tonay of South I Tool Church r) Pool. Sir WilliamT=IsaheI. Bottreaux. Sir Thomius^Margarefc. Peverell. I Sir Johu=iIuricl (Kings- Dinham. Karswoll Church ?) William, Lord: Bottreaux. =Elizal)oth Daubeny. Walter, l/Ord Hun,;»erford= (Salisbury Cathedral). =Catherine. William, Lord=f=Elizabeth Bottreaux. I St. Lo. Sii Philip Tour- tenay of I'ow- derham. =Klii! ibrth. William, Lord=f=Elizabcth Beau- Bottreaux. | mont. L. , Margaret. Kobert, Lord Hungerford: (Salisbury Cathedral). _L Sir \Villia:n=Mari8copato of thirty live years appeal's to luivo been an active one. Tlio arms of this i'rolato are found in the cliurches of Totnes, Higliweek, Ashton, lOnst Budleigh, &c. APPENDIX. .■!77 Bhett. Pilfon. — On flat stones aro tlio following inscriptions : — •• U'fvc liuti) :llQMnlicv 13rct (Fsqiuicr toijiclj tirccsGOti tljc liiij ting of 3ulo in tijc gcte of our" ilortc €oi incccccuraj. Jticvc liKtl) Eobrtt Bict (fsquufv luljidj ticrcssifrt tiic lij linu of 5ip'rmfacc in t^e gnc of out ILoiti ©ot mcrcccil. They wore of Pilloml in tliis Pavisli, and Chnirhstanton, the heir of I'iUond married unto Bret. Eoliert Bret dwelled in this place in King Edward IV time. Robert Brot has issue Alexander, which had i.ssiu,' .Tnhn, which had issue yir Alexander, wliich sold Pilton unto John Wotton, Bishop of Kxetcr (ob. 1593) William Walroud of Bovey, Beer, temp. Edward IV married .loan, daughter of John Brett. His arms impaling Brett are on the remains of the screen formerly in Beaton Chiu-ch. John Courtenay of MoUand (ob. 1510) married Joan, daughter of Robert Brett of Pillond. The inscription on his gravestone in Holland Church, as recorded by Clovcl.md, has been already given. BE.vtfMosT. Gittkham. — On the capitals of the pillais of the south or Beaumont aish; in this Church are the following initials and arms : — 1. Parted per pale, baron, hurri/ of six vaire and r/iil('.i (Beaumont) impaling quarterly 1, a cross lozemjy (Stowell) ; ?, three bends (Merton). For Henry Beaumont (son of John Bodru- gau alias Beaumont) and Elizabeth his wile daughter of Robert Stowell of Cothelstone. The Stowells married the heiress of !Merton. 2. Beaumont alone, with his supporters two hinri ciil/tiri'd nml clidniid. This arch is wide, and paneled within, .'uid has the appearance of a mortuary cano|iy, and it is probable Henry Beaimiont was buiied below it. On the capital of the next column are four shields: 1, E. H. ; 2, 11. B. ; :j, iL-i.tlii,i. a Ijiirdure, three lions rainpaitt {^')\ A, plain. Pole gives a circumstantial account of the descent of Beaumont of Yolston ami (xitlisham, who were allied with Willington, iJiuhnm, Stcwkley and Courtenay, and o! the contention between the heirs general, tlu! taint in blood alleged against John Bciuniout nlius Bod- rugan. and the final apportionment of the Gitti>ham estate to him. I'liilip Beaumont, Sheriff of Devon 1460, tiiird son of Sir Tlionias of Yi 1 ton, by liis wife Pliiiippa, ihmgliter of Sir John Dinliam, and who licld the estate, by his will I January 1 17."), 12th Edward IV, " ajipointed that a mai'blo stono should be laid on his body, witli his arms graven on it, and his portraiture of copper, with this inscription on it : — "Testis sis tii C'liristc, quod non jacet hie lapis istc Corpus ut ornetur, sccl ut spiritus niomoretur." (Pulo). No record of such memorial now exists. John Beaumont, otherwise Bodrugau, mar- ried Isabel daughter of Thomas Kawoodlegh (ob. 1479). lloury his son (who took the; name of Beaumoutl Elizabeth daughter of Robert Stowell of riotholstone in Somerset. JIum])hry his sou (ob. 1572) Joue dmighter of John West, brother to the Lord do la AVarr. thej' had issue Henry and .John, and a daughter, married to Robert Muttlobury of Somersetshire. John died without issue, as did Henry (ob. 1591), who married Elizabeth daughter of Sir Roger Bluett of Holcombe Rogus. Henry at his death devised the Gittisham estates to Sir Thomas Beaumont of Cole-Orton, in Leicester- shire, whose son Sir Henry sold them to Mr. Nicholas I'utt. The gravestone of Humphry Beaumont, son of Henry and Elizabeth Stowell, remains in the pavement of the aisle : — ItnimfTcg Bcaumounte, esquicx, tiuctJ tlje .rij tag ai augiist in tIjc luve of or. 3LorU (Eoli, ana. fiomini, .1572. The tomb of Henry Beavmout (ob. 15'.il) is under the east window of the Beaumont aisle. Two small effigies in alabaster krieel on crimson cushions before desks, on which lie books open, The male is in complete armour, bareheaded, the lady in black gown, gold chains, riiff and coif. On the desk before the lady is the representation of an infant in swaddling clothes. lii.tirreil here toit/iiii l/iis iombr, dolh IIciiii/ litiicnir.nt rest, jl ni'i/i of Just (iitd iijiriijht tif'e, vith nutnii (jraees blest. Who tciirned to know God's holij u-'tll, nl wirhid iniies d'fijd, And as he learned so did he ii/ee, "iid ns he ti/red he diid. IVhat good might be he i/liirihi did, and nerer harmed atnj. Courteous he teas in all hii life, and frinnhi unto man;/. But most of all his liberal i/ijies, alioanded to the poore, A tcorth)/ practise of that word, fh'it he had learm-d before; Home of tehat honorable raee, is needless for this verse. Since FrenrheaiflEjir/lisheehronieles, SOI ft h is n:ime rehearse. Which ancient liloude lethin himsrlfe, hij leant if issue spent, The sinking line thereof he eorckt, bij one of that descent, lie lived thrise tenn years and nine with his most godhf wife, Who yielded him his honor due, roiide if unl: indli/ strif-. And for true wilnes of Ji^r lore, which never was defaad, ^Ls dttlie last this monument, she cans'd here to be placed. Obijt Apiilis primii, l.jOl. Arms. — In the centre at top, Beaumont, impaling, a saltirc raire CWillington). Crest, rt stork or herun. Sir William 15eaumont of Yolston married Is.abel sister and heir of Ralph and John Willingtoii ; 2, Beaumont, 378 APPENDIX. impaling, gules, three Horn current regardant, or, a Juhd of three asure, each point charged tcith three feiir-de lys (Plantaganet, Earl of Lancaster). Eelates to tlie Cole-Ortou descent. — John Lord Beaumont son of Henry Beaumont (oh. 1340) Earl of Buchau, married Eleanor fiftli daughter of Henry Plantaganet, Earl of Lancaster, grand- son of King Henry III; o, Beaumont impaling, or. three piles in point azure (Brian). Before the male, 4, Beaumont, impaling, or, a lion rampant gules {^); 5, Beaumont, imjialing, ^»fes, four fusils in fesse argent (Dinham). Sir Thomas Beaumont (son of William and Isabel Willing- ton~ married Philippa daughter of Sir John Dinham. G, A large escutcheon, on the dexter side, Beaumont and Willington. (quarterly; on the sinister, (quarterly of twelve. — 1, argent, a fesse indented sable, a crescent for difference (West, Lord de la Warr) ; 2, gules, senu'e of crosslets fitchee, a lion rampant argent (Do la Warr) ; 3, argent, three leopards'' heads, or, jessant-de-lys (Cantilupo) ; 4, Mortimer? the ineseutcheon ermine; 5, ggronng of eight argent and gules, within a hordure sable becantee ; 0, vaire, counter vaire; 7, argent, three mallets gules; >^, gules, icithinabordure argent, three lions rampant or; 9, Grenville ; 10, gules, three bends or ; 11, argent, on a bend cotized gules, three mullets or; 12, argent, ten escallops sable, 4, 3, 2, 1. Over the lady, Beaumont impaling Bluet; behind her, Beaumont impaling StoiveU, and Beaumont impaling, argent, three rams current sable (-Sydenham). Humjihry Beau- mont, father of lleur3', married secondly Jane daughter of John >Sydenham of Leigh, Somer- set, by whom he had a son Tliomas, who died without is.^ue. The double rose is conspicuous among the bosses in the roof of tlie aisle, which appears to have been erected toward the end of the reign of llenr\' YIII. Tli(> H. B., on the capital doubtless refers to Henry Beaumont, father of Humphry. E. H., probably relates to some ))eni-factor, and the tlirec lions rampant witliin a bi'rdure, on the shield, seems connected with the initials, and is found on the giniealogical shield on tlie monument, but the arms do not appear to belong to the County. ClliCUESTEIS. following : — Pilton. — On a Hat stone is the ©rntcpro nin l\irartJi Cfti'dustcr atmigi qui obiit .riilj tiic incs iicccbt niuio 5mt mccfctaiifaiii. €\\\s nic ppiciEtiiv C.us. He was the son of John Chichester by Alice daughter of John AVotton, heiress of Wid- wortliy, and married Margaret daughter of Nicholas Keynes of Winklej', was Sheriif of Devon 9 and 15 Edward IV, died about 12 Henry A'll, aged 72, and was succeeded by his grandson .John sou of Nicholas Chichester, who mairied Christina daughter of Sir William Paulot. A massive tomb on the south chancel aisle is erected to the memory of Sir John Chichester, Knt. (ob. 30 November, 1.569) and his wife Gertrude, daughter of Sir William Courtenaj- of Powderham, (ob. 30 April 1.566). Another higli tomb with canopy- and si.x etligies commemorates his eldest sou Sir Robert, and his first wife Frances, dauglitor of John, Lord Hariugton of E.xton, Kutlandshire. W-UJTiA.M. Branscombc. — The following en- tries occur in the Register:— "J/r.s. Jane IVadham, icid. was buried the 30 September, 1583." Tliis was the mother of the Founder of Wudliam, whose monument is in Branscombo Church. •'J//V. Dorathm Whuddam died the xvi of Mai, and teas caried from eg [sic] tlie xviii of iLay, 1618." She was the wife of the Founder, and was buried at Ilminstor with her husband. Edgii appears to Imve been the residence of the widow of the family. I Iahkoui). — Spregton. Tlie following is (puitod from !i recent descri))tion : — " In 1 larford ( 'hurch evi'ry rib of tlu' cradle roof of the mive is carved with a twining .stum, from wliich graceful loaf- age expands on eitlier side, while the stem itself branches from the wall plate, also carved and decorated. Ou the north side of the Cliaiicel this carving gives way to an inscrip- tion :—' 7.//.. S'. hrtpe us, Amen. Walter Ilele, pxon., 1539. [. II. S. Salm.' At Sproyton, tho timbers of tlio Chancel are covered with long inscriptions placed tliero by Henry le Moiue, Vicar, tho constructor of the roof iu 145L ' NormannilX. 37a ArrENDlX VI, MICKI.FAfATP: HAK, VOKK : WAKEFIELD AND TOWTON. "Thoy never fail wlio die In a great t-ausc— tlio block may soak their gore, Their heads may sodden in the sun, tlicir limbs Be strung to city gates and castle walls, But stiU their spirit walks iibroad— tliougli years Elapse, and others share as dark a doom, They but augment the dark and sweeping thoughts, Which overpower all others, and conduct Tlic world at last to freedom." Micklegate Bar, York, an antient and interesting structure, is the most important of the four gates or bars, by which tlie city was entered iu olden time, and to it secmin-ly was reserved the invidious distinction of liaving been selected as the structure on which the heads of tliose unfortunate men, who, cast out m the changes of hmnan fortune and called traitors, were, after decapitation, exposed. The battle of Wakefield was fought by the energetic Queen Margaret m 14(.0, the divisions of her army being commanded by the Dukes of Somerset and Exeter, the Earls of Nortlmmberland and Devon. This Earl was probably Thomas, the son of Thomas, Earl of Devon, who died at Abingdon Abbey, "poisoned, it is said, 3rd February, U58, '^ but. according to other historians," slam at Towton, U6L. Althou-li this Earl Thomas was on the victor's side now, the usual fate accorded to the varuiuished and prisoners in the fluctuating fortunes of tlase merciless encounters subsequently befel liim. At this battle, fighting on the side of ^ork, perislied the son and grandson of Lord William Bouvilb, who was also in the same engagement, and is said to have been an eye witness of their deaths. ''With them also fell the Duke of York, and his second sou, an interesting boy, thirteen years old, was stopped at Wakefield bridge as he was fleeing with a priest called Sir Robert Aspall, who was chaplain and schoolmaster to the young Earl. The poor boy fell on his knees to pray for mercy, but as soon as he was known Lord Clifford, whose father had been killed by the Yorkists at St. Albans, plunged a dagger in his breast, vowing by God's blood, that he wouhl do the like to all the kin of York, and then savagely bade Aspall, go and tell his mother. Margaret vented what spite she could upon the lifeless body of Duke Richard, by her orders his head was stuck over a gate of the City of York, and a paper crown was put on it in ci-uel mockery." tt 380 APPENDIX. Two ye-ivs afterwanl tlie mighty slaughter at Towton put York iu the ascendant. The battle appears to have lasted two days, beginniug at Ferrybridge on the 28th, and concluding on Palm .Sundaj', 29th [March, 1462. Thomas, Earl of Devonshire, engaged in the army of (Jueen Margaret, was made prisoner at Ferrj'bridge, and he, the Karl of Wilt.shire, and other captives, followed in the train of the victorious Edward to York. When that monarch arrived there, says Cleveland, " he saw the heads of Eiehard Duke of York, his father, and some other of his friends set up upon a gate of that city, at the sight of which being greatly incensed, he commanded that the heads of Thomas Courtenay, Earl of Devonshire, and three others taken in the battle should be beheaded, and their heads set up in the place of the former." In 1,572 the unfortunate Earl of Northumberland, so ruthlessly l)etrayed by Morton, was hurried from Berwick to York, and there beheaded without trial. His head was then placed on a high pole over Micklegate Bar, where it remained two years. During the rebellion of 1745 twenty-two of the rebels were executed at York, and the heads of two of them, William Conolly and James .Mayne, were placed on iron spikes over Micklegate Bar. ST. ALBANS. " In Saxon strength the Abbey frowned, With massive arches, broad and round, That rose alternate row on ruw. On ponderous columns short aiul Imv." The venerable associations of St. Albans, the beauty and inti.'iest of its almost matchless Abbey Church, require no, neceasaiilv imperfect, descri]>tiiin here. The sanguinary encounters that took place diu'ing tin; wars of the Koses, almo>t under the shadow of its wallB, connect it willi the history of this county, as it is probable the dust of a Devonshire nobleman who, cm the side of the \\'hite Rose was one of the most devoted partizans engaged in that bloody struggle for ascendancy, lost his head after the last battle, and by whose death an influential name ceased to appear on the roll of the antient nobility of llie county, linds a, resting place within its majestic precincts, or in the adjoining and lesser sanctuary of St. Peter. The first battle was fought 23rd ^lay 1455, and here victory Itogan, as it finally ended at Tewksbury, after incessant bloodshed on the side of ^'ork. Thomas, ICarl of Devon, although fighting on the side of Henry, appears to have escaped the massacre that took place, "when \^^arwick with his maloh-men broke into the town in the middle of St. Peter's street',' and in the end the King's army was routed with great loss. "The slain lay thick in the upjji'i' stivct, and ;)( the division of ways near the market, among the slain were the de:,d biMlies of iMlinimd Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, Percy, Earl of Northumbeiland. l,oni ClitVoid and others." I'or fear of the Duke of York no one ventured In pre]]ai-e for lhxists to any so interred there. At this battle, also, perished William, the last J^ord J^ottreaux, and James Luttrell of Dunster, wlio married Elizabeth daugliter of Sir T'hilip Courtenay of Powderliam ; names also closely connected with Devon. Cicely Bonville, at her great grandfather's death, alone remained to represent tliat antient name, a little child, but a great heiress, and a peeress in her own right with many titles. She was married to Thomas Grrey, Marquis of Dorset, step son to king Edward the l\\ in whose cause three generations preceding her had perished, either on the battle tield or by the executioner's axe. Three generations afterward the head's- man's block again extinguished the descendants of the name to which she was wedded. The splendid chapel attached to the fine church of Ottery St. Mary, on which the sculptured emblems of her noble lineage and alliances are largely displayed, remains the most important memorial to her in the County. Cicely Bonville died 19th Henry VIII, and by her will dated 6th March bequeathed her body to be buried with her Imsband at Astley, and appointed that soon after her deatli a thousand masses should be said for her soul, in as convenient haste as may be, and that a goodly tomb should be made in the Chapel of Astley over the Lord Marquess her husband, and another over herself, and two priests provided for eighty years to pray for the soul of the said ^larcjuess and licr own soul — Dugdale. The following from Cleveland gives au interesting glimpse of the status of some of these Devonshire ladies and their husbands at the court of Henry ■N'llI:— '-In tlie year 1-333 (being Sunday; Sep. 7, between tlie liours of three and four in the afternoon, was born the Lady Elizabeth, daughter to King Henry VIII, afterwards Queen of England. She was born at Greenwich, and there christened at the Fryers Church the Wednesday after ; the god father at the font was the Lord Archbishop tr 382 APPENDIX. of CanterVjuiy, the god mothers the old Duchess of Norfolk, the old ^lareliioness of Dorset, widow (_ Cicely Bonville?) ; and at the confirmation the Lady Marchioness of I^xeter (Gertrude Blount) was god-mother : in the procession went the Earl of Esses hearing the covered bason gilt, after him the Marquess of Exeter (Henry Courtenay) with a taper of virgin wax, next him the Marquess of Dorset (Cicely Bonvillo's son) bearing the salt. When the ceremonies and christening was ended the Archbishoi) gave the Princess a standing cup of gold : the Marchioness of Exeter gave three standing bowls graven, all gilt, with a cover.' Five years after this courtly pageant, Henry Courtenay met his death on Tower Hill, and found sepulchre probablv in the chapel adjoining, with the many other headless victims there interred. His wife Gertrude, after narrowly escaping the same fate the year following, found about twenty years afterwards a peaceful grave in the choir of the fine old iMinster of Wimborne, where her tomb still exists. The aged ^Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, who was implicated in the same accusation as Gertrude Courtenay in 1539, condemned and afterward beheaded with such unparalleled savageness in 1541, was buried in the Abbey Church of Christchurch, Hants, in a beautiful chantry still remaining, but every trace of her tomb or ornament referring to her therein was afterward studiously effaced by the myrmidons of Henry VIII. TEWKESBURY ABBEY CHURCH. " ricre lier dear Devonshire, iioblo Courtney, dyed; Her faithfid friend, great Somerset, here fell." — Di!AYton'. The Abbey Church of Tewkesbury is, perhaps, second only to St. Albans in extent and magnificence of fabric, while for richness of monumental remains it is almost unparalleled. The series of monuments round the east end of the choir is remarkably fine: on the north side is the monumental chapei of Isabel, Countess of Warwick, the wife of the King Maker, the tombs of Fitzhamon, the Founder, and the gracefully canopied tomb of Hugh De Spencer ; on the south those of Edwai d De Spencer and Sir Guy de O'Brien, and mmy others scattered round, to the Clares, De Spencers, and the Abbots that presided over the Monastery. On the 4th INIay 1471, on ground still known as "iJloody .Meadow,'' was fought the battle of Tewkesbury, and with its disastrous and cruel incidents expired the last hopes of the House of Lancaster. In Queen Margaret's army " the rere-warde," says Grafton, " wiis put in the rule of the Erie of Devonshire,'" and curiously enough on the side of King Edward "the Lord Marqiu^s and I lie Lord Hastyngs ii'd the rere- garde." This Lord Marquis was Thomas Grey, the husband afterward of Cicely Bonville. Engaged on the side of Jvlward IV also was John Courtenay, sixth son of Sir Philip of ]Molland, "and presently after I lie ligld, as Stow says, he made Bannerets, Sir .Jolm Courtenay and Sir Tlionias (h-ey" (Cleveland). The tragic incidents of this battle, and the cruel murder of Prince Edward, at'l(!rward, are well known matters of history, but, according to Grafton, " Thomas, ^Manfucs APPENDIX. ;583 Dorset," was one of the four noblemen " who sodiinly stroke and cruelly murthered" this handsome and tine spirited youth, whose "bodye was homelye interred with the other simple corses in tlie Chiirche of the ^lonasterye of the Blacke IMonkes at Tewkesbury." A brass plate under the tower contains an inscription to his memory, but the spot where he was interred, however, is a mystery, it is merely stated that, in the common fosse dug for the reception of the other victims he was interred. — '•ejws corpus, citvi reliquia inter/ectoruin CMlaveribiis, in proximo Coinohio raonachorum ordiius Divl Benedict! humatiir." — Boattie. The Earl of Devonshire was killed cither in the field or in the cliase, and according to Dugdale was bm-ied in the Abbey. Tradition assigns him to have been beheaded, which is confirmed in Leland's list of tliose who were slain and buried in the Abbey Church. Among them he enumerates: — ^^ Thomas? Courtciieu, Comet! Dsvonice ibidem sepiUtus ; Hwmfredus Handdey decapitatws cum Thoma Courteney, et una cum eo sr-pidtus." The battle took place during the Abbacy of John de Streynsham (ob. 1481), and the bodies of the Duke of Somerset, Lord John Somerset, the Earl of Devon, and Sir Hugh Courtenay were buried in St. James's Chapel, a large chantry on the eastern side of the north transept, o" l^io Abbey Church, a beautiful Eaily English building, erroneously designated the Chapter House. This Earl must have been John Courtenay, the last of the three brothers who successively lost their lives in the cause of Lancaster: Thomas, the eldest, was after the battle of Towton beheaded at York 1462 ; Henry his next brother, according to Cleveland, attainted of treason at Salisbury, was tried and shared a similar i'ate on the same day, 4th March 1466. But Earl John was not the only member of the House of Courtenay who perished at Tewkesbury, his cousin Sir Hugh, who married Margaret Carminow of Ashwater, was with Sir Jolni Arundell and many other influential persons of the west, engaged in the ranks of the defeated Margaret, and he appears also to have been slain in the fight or immediately afterward. Where he was buried does not appear, but the effigy at Ashwater evidently represents him, and tlu curious circamsfcance ot his arms and those of his wife, being placed behinl the cu^ps of the canopy, an altogether unusual position, and as if intended to 1)s hidden from observation in these troubled times, and the arms of Carminow alone in the helmet, seems to confirm the surmise. Of Henry Courtenay, second of the three brothers, so said by Cleveland to have been beheaded at Salisbury, on 4th March 14G6, he further narrates that Sir Humphry Stafford was said to have procured, or at least to have been anxious for his destruction, at any rate ad interim, a month before Earl Henry's death, in February 14GG, Edward the IV created him Earl of Devon, and gave him a large portion of the escheated estate of Earl Thomis Courtenay, brother of Henry, beheaded at York four ye;irs before, an 1 tliat Sir Humphry did not long enjoy this honour, for ]>y order of the srme monarcli, after his defection at B.iubury in 1468, whicli lost the battle of Edgecote, whereby the Earl of Pembroke and others lost their lives, he was arrested near, and subsequently beheaded in, the almost adjoining town (from Salisbury) of Bfidgewater, and his body was interre 1 under the great tower of the Abbey Church of Glastonbury. "Whether much credence should be placed on these statements and influences, is 384 APPENDIX. perhaps questionable, but one thing is remarkable, the grim retribution that seems to have l)een impartially meted out to these daring and apparently unscrupulous intriguers and partizan^, during a tumultuous and bloodthirsty period of our history. At the death of this Earl John ended the first Hue of the Courtenays in Devon, but the title was suljsequently revived in the person of Edward (son of Sir Hugh Coiulenay, whose presumed efhgy is at Ashwater, also slain at Tewkesbury) on 26th October, 1485, by Henry ^'II, who also restored to him very many Castles, Manors, and Hundreds formerly belonging to the Courtenays, for his adherence to that Monarch, and services to him on Bosworth field. The beautiful woodcuts of the exteriors of St. Alban's and Tewkesbury Abbeys have been afforded by the kind permission of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, that of Glastonbniy Abbey through the kindness of ]\Ir. Jackson of Wells, GLASTONBURY ABRE^". Of this magnificent foundation, whose histor}' is entwined with the earliest traditions of the empire, but few remains are left, a portion of the choir and transepts, the Chapel of St. Joseph, and the Abbot's kitchen. The lofty eastern arch of the central tower is still entire ; under the southern arch was buried Humphry Stafford, Earl of Devon, beheaded by order of Edward IV at Bridgewater in 1470. COVRTENAY. MoUand-Bottreaux. At the east of the uorth (ir Cnurtenay aisle on a flat stone: — ©rntc p. nia. Soljs. ffioiivlnmg nvmigrri, t[\\i ofaiil ntij. tiic ftlardi ?liuia ti. mrrcccr nij. nic pptictuv Dfus. .H.ltj.*. At upper end of the stone arc two pieces of carved stone, seruiiiigly jiortions of a raised tomb, within quatrefoils are the following shields; I. Courtenay ivUk label and roundels or mullets, quarterly, with apparently a btunl chan/eil luifh three mulleti. 2 and 3, Courtenay alone. 4. Courtenay, supported by doljjhin.'^. The sculpture is luucli ilcuudcd. (hi a large luural niduument: — To ya 'nieiaory of ye Rifjht Wurshipfal John Courtenay, of Wrst Mollaiid, Es(]i'. He married Margarete the daughter of Sr. JdIhi Windham of Orchard in live County of Somersett, l-niyhl. hy whom he hcul ivjo aones and foxuer daughters, viz, .John, James, Elizabeth, Kalhnriaic, Afn.rgerie and Grace; he deparh^d this life •2i)lh Februan/, A.l). Ititid. To tike memory also of the Right Worshipful John Courtenay, Es(jr., sunn of the. oljuvc named John Courtenay, he departed this life 2iih April, A.l). 1()H4. To ye memoric of Margarete ye wife of ye above named John APPENDIX. ;38.5 Cowrtenay, and behind them two .'•nn.^ ij- 2 ters. Rei/niesc(int in jxcce. Ife that is ;') in 1 and I in '•'< st made ns 2 then 1 — thi.< iine ivere we One litre one life n-e lired. — 1 i/ear — I death liock'd us asleep hi/ horroioi)uj hid 1 breath Grave the bed that Indds us both — the stone Hides us covert — the bed is one I Heaven contains our souls — 1 trinn./i — 1 dai/ Raise our bodies J'roni this bed of cla// Death which nseth ever to dissever .... once united us for ever. This Sir Arthur (Sheriff of Devon 1575) was grandson of Sir .lolm df tlic adjoining tomb. ;nul fatlirr of Sir Kolicrt ^ili. 1()41) whose gra\cstoiii' i< .-it llrautou I'undiardon. « COPLKSTOX. Veahiipt'jii. On a small brass ])late — " STfiricc sl)i'tK^ Scplcmbrr su't, fiijc Inmtjrcti gcnvs tinicc ll)rirr spent. ilulj four times ttotiito lutrc, since ffbviot on cavtl) tons sent, Jitlljen Hsnbcl tijc totfe of CopUston ticiu tiib tiic ; Clje tijitlJ tiau buricl) lijcncr, noto Ijcrc in tonibe tioll) lie ; iCo 3ljc"tu JFottcscuc, tijttlj Ijnugijlct bg bcgrec, 2lnt Sgnca cite Ijct molljer's name, of St. ittauvcs blooti tots sin-" APPENDIX. 387 The Coplestons were of Bowdou iii this parish, and descended from Walter, third son of John, grandson and heir of Adam Coplestone, of Colebrook. John Coplestone married Isabel daugiiter of Henry Fortescue of Spridleston, Esq. Spreytox. The interesting inscription on the roof timbers of this church is here given in full : — Henrlcus Le Moyne, Presbyto; Vicarius istius ecclesioe me fecit fieri Anno Domini 1451. . . . . de Cowyh, et Rici'is Talbot anniger Dom^luus de Spreyton dndit de bonis suis ad me faciendum. Orate pro ariimabus eorum. Normannia terra Uenrlcus hie natus fult et ipse scrlpsit hac omnia manu sua propria. Dulcis arnica Del vernaiis ut stella decora Tu memor esto mel mortis dum venerit hora : Jesxh parens resolve gentes quoi corde precantur Lobe carens renova mentes qme sorde ligantur. Hcec domua orationis vocabitur in ea omnis qui petit acclpit : Qui quaerlt, invenlt ; et pulsanti aperietur. Testus sis Christe qui in scrlptis sic luxisti Corpus ut laxetur sed splrltus ut renovetur. Ora semper pro nobis, Sancte Nicolae Sancte Martyr Edwarde intercede pro nobis. Stultuvi peccatum perpetuo sit reputatum : Pro solo porno perditur omnis homo : Virgo Deum peperit, — sed si quls qxibo modo qucerit Non est nosse meitm : sed scio posse Deum.^ The words de Cowyh with mucli probability give a clue to the appearance of this good presbyter liere, though born in Norman land. The living of Spreyton was an appanage of the Priory of Cowic, wliich was an alien priory belonging to the cele- ' Henry Ic Moijnr, priest, vicar of t/iix Chnrrh, emised mc to be made A.D. 1451. de Cowyh^ and UUItard T"l'tot, E^qr., the Lord of Spnyton, javc out of his goods for my being made. Praij for t/ieir souls. This Scnry was born in Norman land, and himself with his own hand wrote all these, Sivect friewl of God, bright as a graerful star Be thou miiidftd of me when the hour of death comes. Obeying Jesus, set free the people wlio praij from the heart. Pure from all stain renew the minds ivhich are bound in impurity. This house shall be called (the house) of prayer ; in it every one who asks receives; — Who Kce';s, finds ; — and to him who knocks it shall be opened. Be thou my toitnest Christ, who in (holy) Scriptures hast shon: so brightly. That the body may be foul, that the spirit may he renewed. Pray always for us St. Nicholas, St. Edward the Martyr intercede for us. May sin crer be considered folly. For one single apple every man is lost. The Virgin bare the God, — but if any one ask how It it ni>t f'linc to k/iow, — but the power of God I know. VV 388 APPENDIX. brated Abbey of Bee in Normandy, Henry II, by ebarter, baviug confirmed their estates then belonging to them in England. The religious of Cowic Priory, whe were of the Benedictine order, were a filiation from Bee, as Henry YI informs ns in a letter addressed to Bishop Lacy (Reg. fol. 206), and its Priors were regularly appointed by the Abbots of that great monastery. In common with other alien priories, it lived a very cliequered existence, till it accidentally took fire on Palm Sunday 1444-5, when, probably, the disturbed state of the times, and the increasing difficulty of j)rocm'ing religious subjects from the mother house at Bee, induced Prior Robert de Rouen to resign his office and surrender up his convent, which he did by deed in the Provost Chambers at Eton College, on 22nd November 1451. In adopting this measure, he might have been influenced by the advice of Thomas, Earl of Devon, the patron of Cowyk, who had proved himself a generous benefactor to the new College of Eton, then recently founded by King Henry VI ; and this King applied the revenues of tliis priory and its right of patronage to Eton College, but thirteen years after Edward I\' transferred this donation to his favourite Abbey of Tavistock- (Oliver). It is singular that Presbyter le Moyne placed the inscription in Spreyton Church in the same year as his patron's resignation of office, doubtless he was one of fraternity at Cowyk, and when his fellow countryman, the Prior, resigned his office there, the Presbyter was transferred to his peaceful sphere of labour at Spreyton. " Spreyton," says Risdon, " hath very antiently been in the tenure of the Talbots, and from the time of Henry II unto Henry VI continued in that tribe, most of them being called William, the last had issue, Elizabeth, married to Thomas Kelly of Kelly, lord of this manor." They were also of Talbots-week in Sourton, William was Escheator in the time of Henry Y, and Sir William. Sheriff of Devon, fith of the same reign, 1419. Arms: — Argent, a chevron behueen three talbots fassa-nt, sable. Bon'REAUX. Molland-Bottreaux, aoid North Cadlmry, Somerset. ^Kjlland- Bottreaux, says Pole, so called of the lords thereof which have had their dwelling in this county and in (,'ornwall from King Henry I's time, imto Henry VI, tluit this name fell tu tlic family of Hungerford, by ]\Iargar('t wife of Robert Lord Hungerford. Lord Nicholas de Mules, a counsellor of estate in Henry IIFs time, held tlic manor of Kings-Cars well : lie married Ifawis, one of the dauglitcrs and heirs of John de Newmarch, liord of North Cadljury. His great gramlson, John Lord -Mules, left issue Muriel wife of Sir 'I'lios. Conrtenay, and Isabel wife of William Loi-d Bottreaux. He had issue \\'illiaiu (seventh of llial name) J.,ord Bottreaux (oh. I.'i92), who married Kli/.alictli daugliter and heir nf Sir Ralph d'Aidjeny (oIj. 14.3oJ. She founded a cliantry in N'orth Cadbury Church, wliere she was buried. Tliey had issue William, wlio iuani(d Elizabeth daughter and heir of Sir John St. r>o, and JoJin (third son), who dwelled at .AloUand lemp. Ifenry VI. They had issue \N'illiam, tlie lasl Lord Bottreaux (who had sintujions to Parliament 1 Itli to 38th Henry Vf,) who married Elizabeth daugliter of John Lord I?eaumont. He held a vast estate at Cadbury, and elsewhere in Somerset, Devon an.l ( 'ornwall, descendeil from Mules and others his ancestors. He made his will L'Htli .Inly 3rd Henry W, and ordered himself to be buried at Cadlmry in {.\\r cliandy I'ouiided AITENDTX. 389 Ly his jineostors tliere. lie was slain at tlie second battle of St. Albans, 14G1. Tliey left one Uuiighter :Margaret (ob. 17th Edward IV, ;et. 40), married to Eobert Lord HuDgerford (whose effigy is iu Salisbury Cathedral), -where she was also buried imdor a tomb in a chantry she founded, both now demolished. North t'adbury C'liurch is a fine Perpendicular structure of splendid masonry, with rich open-timbered roof, and was doubtless rebuilt by the Bottreaux's early in the fifteenth century, probably by William and Elizabeth d'Aubeny his wife, who founded the chantry there. The carved open benches are of much later date, and contain the rose and pomegranate of Henry VIII, and several shields of arms. In the south corner of the tower is a high tomb with two effigies thereon, a knight in complete plate armour, pointed helmet with a wreath or orle around it, collar of S.S., his feet on a lion, his head on a tilting helmet, with a griffin for the crest; and a lady with mitre head-dress richly embroidered with pearls, and coverchief, necklace and cross, long gown with mantle over, fastened with cord and tassells. Her head rests on a double cushion with the remains of angels supporting, at her feet two dogs, one with bells. Below are panels with angels holding shields, the blazonry effaced, at the east end three panels, in the centre the Virgin and Child, on the right a knight, on the left a lady in the attitude of prayer, with scrolls around them, liut the inscriptions obliterated. There is no inscription of any kind. This tomb previously stood on the north side of the chancel against the eastern wall, but it is questionable if that was its original position, which may have been in one of the side aisles where there were chantries. There is a canopy above the heads of the effigies. The appointments of the knight's armour were gilded, the gown of the lady was red, the bodice blue, and the mantle black. There can be little doubt but that these figures represent the last Lord William Bottreaux, slain at St. Albans 1461, and his wife Elizabeth Beaumont. The costume closely agrees with the era, and the fact of the crest of the knight being a griffin seems conclusive, as tliis nobleman appears to have been the first to relintjuish the antient coat of Bottreaux, argent, three toads erect sable, 2 and 1 (and another assigned to that name checquy or and gidcs, on a bend azure, three horse shoes argent ;) and to liave adopted instead argent, a griffin segreanf, gules, taloned azure. The first and last of these coats were largely displayed on his daughter's cbantry in Salisbury Cailiedial. Sherman. Ottei-y St. Mary. Three interesting brass effigies on a flat stone in front of St. Stephen's Chapel : — Johannes, ob 1542; Gidielmus, ob. 1583; and Richardus, ob. . The iuserif)tion on a brass plate below the figures records : — Joniiiii.< Slifniian (/eiierogi, (iiitivlmi Jilii ejus, et Riehdnli nejKitis for observation. In the wall opposite are the iron stanchions on which they originally were placed. The locality of the destroyed tombs must have been below, or near. Thomas, son of Sir Giles de Astley, 2nd Edward III (1338,) founded a chantry, in the parish church of Astley, for one priest to sing mass daily for the health of his soul and the soul of his wife Elizabeth, daughter of Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, and the soul of his father (Inscript. tumuli apud AstJeij). In 17th Edward III (1344), he obtained further licence to change these Chantry Priests into a Dean and two secular Canons, the same year he began the structure of a most fair and beautifid Collegiate Church in the form of a cross, dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, with a tall spire covered with lead. He was sum- moned to Parliament 16th, 22nd and 23rd Edward III. He left one son "Williaui (temp. Henry VI) who left one daughter and heir, Joane married first to Thomas Raleigh of Farnborough, Warwick, and secondly to Keginald, Lord Grey of Rutliyii, whose issue enjoyed the inheritance. Sir Edward Grey, (ob. 3Gth Henry VI, 1458) was second son of Reginald, Lord Grey of Ruthyn, and Joan Astley. He married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Henry Lord Ferrers of Groby, by whom he had two sons, John and Edward. Sir John of Groby, eldest son, was slain at S. Alban's on the side of Henry VI, his wife was Ehzabeth Woodville, after- wai'ds Queen to Edward IV. Of her two sons by Sir John Grey, one, Richard, was beheaded at Pomfret, 1st Richard III (1483), the other, Thomas, was created Earl uf Huntingdon and Marquis of Dorset; he mairied Cicely Bonville, died 20th September 17th Henry VII, and ordered himself to be ])uried before the image of the Blessed Trinity in the midst of his closet at Astley. His wife survived him nearly twenty yeai-s, and mairied secondly Henry Staftbrd, Earl of Wiltshire, at her death' (ob. 19th Henry VHI) she ordered herself to l)e buried beside her first luisband at Astley, and goodly toml)s to be erected over theh- graves. Thoma.s, their son, second Mar-iuis of Dorset, bequeathed his body also to be bmied at Astley, in tlie same chapel near his fatlier, ordered in his will, that a chapel sliould be made there according to the will of his flither, with a goodly torn!) over his father and mother, and 392 APPENDIX. another in the midst of the chancel, where he himself resolved to be bm-ied. He manied Margaret, daughter of Sir Henry AVotton, of Bocton, in Kent, and died 22nd Henry VHI, three years after his mother. (Dugdale). Sir Edward Grey (brothei' to Sir John Grey of Groby, avIio married Elizabeth Woodville) married Eliziibeth, sister and heir of Thomas Talbot, Viscount Lisle; 15th Edward IV was created Baron, and 1st Richard III, Viscount Lisle; died 7th Henry VII (1492), and bequeathed his body to be buried in the new chapel of our Lady, begun by himself to be built in the College of Astley, where the body of his late wife Elizabeth lay inteiTed. By his wife he left one son John and three daughters, Amie, Elizabeth, and Muriel. Muriel was the first wife of Henry Stafford, Eai"l of Wiltshu-e, and he married secondly lier cousin's widow. Cicely Bonville, Marchioness of Dorset. Owing to the lamentable destruction that has taken place, it is now almost impossible to individualize, with certainty, who these hue effigies represent, but it may be fairly inferred that one of the ladies is Cicely Bonville, probably the figure with the coronet (on Avhich are traces of fleur-de-lys and pearls) and rare collar of the White Rose, in which cause her father, grandfather, and great grandfixther perished. Or another supposition may be hazarded, the lady with the coronet and collar (who api)ears the younger of the two) was perhaps Muriel Grey, Countess of Wiltshire, and first wife of Henry Stafiiird ; the lady with the pyramidal head-dress, his second wife. Cicely BonviUe, Marchioness of Dorset, who •was at her death an elderly person. The knight is probably her first hu.sband the Marquis of Dorset, ratlier than bis uncle Sii- Edward (xrey (who ordered himself to be buried in the Lady Chapel) although both died within a few years of each other. The armorial bearings of both her first husband, and of her title as Lady llaringtoii, are on the cornice of the Lady Chapel outside. Close beside the church is Astley Castle, once her residence, and afterward that of her grandson, the vuifortunate Duke of Sviflblk ; in if is a chair tliat is said to have beloiig(Ml to him. The building has liceii modeiiiizcd. i'.-T.ip';! Axmin^lcr Church. Dorset Cli.ipcl, Oucry Si. M.iry. JtAIx;!!!^ op CiCt'.I.V IIONVIM.K, fOU.Nn IN DllVON. Screen, Scutnii Cluncli. )5 38, 55 1. 63, 55 5. 116, 5 31. 137, 55 3. 219, 55 34. 225, 55 35. 228, 55 26. ADl»ENi)A ET CORRIGENDA. Page 4, line 32. For featooa, rcud testoon. After label of three, add thereon nine plates. After Treasurer, add and K.G. For Isabel, read Florencie. For Courtenay, read Hidon. For humetum, read hiiinatum. For mccccxi, read mcccccxj. After Rofjer Champernoiune, add 6oiA e/ tohom tvere sons of Alexander Champerno^vne, who inarried, d-c. 229, „ 25. Portions of a high tomb. About the middle of the 15th century ; probably of Alexander Champernowne, who married Joan, daughter and heiress of Martyn Ferrers. 231, „ 31. For lufjati, read jugali. 232, „ 1. For quare, read quarum. 232, „ 2. P'or serins, read senii. 232, ,, 9. For evanescU, read evanescat 234, „ 32. For 1 --20, read 1509. 326, „ 34. For hoars ! read lions. 377, ,, 32. After Merton, add or Bodrajan. QUARR ABBEY, ISLE OF WIGHT. The Cistercian Abl)ey of Quarr was licyuii by Baldwin (de Vernon) Earl of Devon, 32ii(l Henry I. "Among the persons of consecinence known In liave l)een Ijuried here, are Earl Bahlwin the Founder, Adcliza his Countess, and thuir son Henry. William de Vernon bequeathed three hundred pounds for making a tomb Jiere for himself and hia father Baldwin. The Chapel also contained a monument to the Lady Cicely, second daughter of King Edward IV." — Sir U. Worslnj. PLATE I. SEVILCUKAI. KKHGIIiS IK THK PARISH (1 U' KCIIKS OK SOUTH DKVON. Division I.— AD. 1250 in 1310. IIACCOMDK. I'LA'l'E II. SEl'L'l.CllKAL tllUai-S IN TllK TAKlSll CUUKCUES UF SOUTH DEVON. DivisiD.N I. — A.D. 1250 1(1 1310. IIKICR-FERRERS. PLATE III. SEPULCHRAL KFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. Division I. -.\.D. 1250 ih> 1310. IIACCOMISI;. PLA'l'K IV. sKrui.ciiRAi. i;i-Ki(;iKs i.\ tiik i'Akish ciu'rciiks of south dkvon. IHVlsKiN I. — A.I). 1250 10 1310. STOKE-FLEMING. AXMINSTER. PLATE V. SKI'l l,( IIKAI. I;KK1(;IKS in llll'. TARISII ( IIURCIIKS OK SOU'l'll DEVON. Division I. — A.D. 1250 ni 1310. IIMNCI'IIN. I'l.All', VI. SKl'lIXllRAl, KITIGIKS IN TlIK PARISH CIU'KCIIKS OK SOUTH DKVON. Division I.— A.D. 1250 to 1310. SAMl'l-OKD-riiVERKI.. PLATE VI. SKrri.CllRAI. KFFIGIKS IN TlH. I'AKlSll < IllK.llKS OK SOUTH DKVON. llivisioN 11. A I' ijio ro 1350. LLSTLEItiH. PLATE VII. SKPUrnu.,, K,.,.,.;n,s ,x tmk pakism c ulkciiks ok soun, -kvox. Dni.sio.N II.-A.l). ,3,0 10 ,350. AXMI.NSTKR. AXMOUIII. PI, ATE Vlll. si:n I.I III' . 1350 to 1420. H ACCOM BE. PLATE XVII. SEPULCIIRAI. EFKICIKS IN TIIK I'AKISH CIIURCUKS OK SOUTH DKVON. Division III.— A.l). 1350 to 1420. KINCS-CARSWKl.I,. o IT. c 3 T. U o ^ i^i ■J PLATE XX. SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE TARISH CHURCHKS OF SOUTH DEVON. Division IV. — A.V. 1450 to 1550. I'LYMI'TO.M. PLATE XXI. SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF SOUTH DEVON. Division IV. — A.D. 1450 to 1550. UPTON rVNE. PLATE XXll. SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES I\ THK I'AUISII CIIURCIIKS OF SOUTH DKVON. Division IV.— A, I). 1450 to 1550. ST. MARY-ARCHES, EXETER. SOUTlI-rooL. PLATE XXIII. DETAILS OF fOS'l'UME. Div. II,— Oltcry Sl Mary. Oiv, III.— Cralilon. l)i\. 1 1 I — King's-Carswell ■ o oo oo ' Div. III. — Tanierlon-Fuliot. / -J \ Ea a/] E3 E5 / E3 fF ^ Div. III.- I'.road-Cly't. Div. I II.-- King's-Carswell SL Iliv. III. — Haccombe. Div. IV.— Mndbuo*- Div. IV.— Paignton. Div. IV'— Paignlon. PLATE XXIV. COAT-ARMOUR. Div. lll-Widworthy. Div. Ill— King's-Carswell. ^*W * Div. IV.-Colyton 1^% fSK3 Div. IV. — Plymplon. <^ y^ Div. IV.— S. Mao'-Arches, Excicr. Div. I\'.- Upton-i*ync. lHv. IV.— Plympton. PLATE XXV. SEPULCIIKAl. EFFIGIES IN 1111'; PARISH ( IIURClllCS OF SOUTH DEVON. Division IV. — A.U. 1450 to 1550. TME SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON, PLj4i TE I . Division l.A.D. 1250-1310. ftar.rtl»a.*ba-:i JfA- f.' Oil vW/Jtli? K:i'. r. , THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON PLATE n. Divesio/i I. AJJ. /ZS0.-23JO. IDOESLEICH WEAR ClFFARD. 'imfnai '. 0. . _. , • r/.(,K.„^;H»lloaiLa>fai. PL A TT. W THE SEPULCHRAL ETFICIES IN THf PARI5;h CHURCHES OF NORTH Dt.VOil Division I. AD. 1250.-2310 ^>^Sx^ ARLINGTON TAWSTOCK *."•,. '-rML a3i^ ^ff-c .*. t^' Ctifin 136 Hjlti.ml>«dn. PLATE IV. 'ir '■-fPUlCHHAL EFFIClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NOHrH DEVON DivLSion I. A.D. 12S0.--I3I0. L A N D K E Y . LA N D K E Y . AijUtijffi^i'.k.' Zf'/-' u the Quftn ^f? HjIliB.Leail;t PLATE V. THE SEPULCHRAL EFFrClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORIH DEVON J)ivision I. A.D 1250-1310. PLYMOUTH. D U N S T E R . (SOMEHSE.T.) VaificaB V^*'-•; Ijl^ !M fJi'- ^/T 22^ f!*5llom-b»l« THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PAKISH CHUHCHFS OF NORIm DtvON yi.ATE VT. Division a A J) i31 -J3S0. L A N D K E Y. WEST DOWNE •TaiTrtoii. Ar»;. JJttAv M 0;t i,"a<^^Zi« H=.fcr— w-:- rtE SEPULCHRAL EFFICIEIS IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORIH DEVON PL A TE Vll . Divisuiji. JU A H 13SO-J4S0. TmE sepulchral effigies in the parish churches of north DEVON PLA TE Vm Divi^icn-M. A D 1350 -1450. SHEVIOCKE 'l'lrnrJ:..^'b^u• litK; r;tkr ,"^p<"_26 n;ilfc«.U*fctt. THE StPULCrtRAL EFFIClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NOHIH DEVON PLATE LZ. DtviJion in.A D 1350 1450. "^ZTjtaaxiAiissjjtfu t; du 6Wn2S5 }{2]i/x.lc:cl"' THE SEPULCHRAL ETFICIES IN THE PAMlSH CHURCHES OF NORIH DEVON ri.Ari: X. Division m . A.S 1250-1450. S H E R W I L L . SHEBBEAR .TrajUiJtBjb^^r. eA'(^/n2^.H0lbcB.lAd» THE SEPULCHRAL EfnClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON, PI ATE XI . Divisicn,M. A.J). 1350-JiSO. Vran«MO isiii Jic^- ■'-■ eA/ ^vtm.'*^ H5liem.L«i:t THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIClES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON FLATS XU . Divisio-rvm. AD- 1350-14-50. CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL H R W O D TnrnLan ASijo ^ha t.- '/•• ^'•^f/n 'S~' H;>^SLL.-%l£f) THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON PLATE Xm . Division TV AS. 1450 -IS 50. WESTMINSTER ABBEY. jthtr^rKiOvttn'J:' ii;'*N.ci Uvirr. EBRINCTON. ( Glcti^e^tershire-j THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIClES IN TMf PARISH CHURCHES OF NORTH DEVON MvisioTiIV AD. 1450-1550. '■' .vfmli*. Hsrscs^lrti-c. PLATE XV. THE SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THE PARISH CHURCHFS OF NOWl H DEVON MvisuiTiIV. A.D. 1450-1550. SALISBURY CATHEDRAL '/. . -,k'." '.J " i[ It* C b L . I CALLI NCTON (^ C o r rvw (lH .^ rHC SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN THF PARISH CHURCHES OF NORAH DEVON PLATE XVI. Division. IV. A.J) 1450 -ISSO. BUNDLEICH B I D E. F O R D. Xts'fl&»& A ilMfc.is'Ai' c iKt vhc lirtia : tkfCn^^'i^ Hi!l««Iii»lrt. PLA TE XX TOMB AND EFFIGIES, FERRERS. cihCA 1300 BEER- FtRR EFS _ DEVON I'i^rc^n 4-i*. . L-^ju t. CA< ^lufn 'u'. H^IbxtLttir SKl'lM.LHRAI. RFKICtGS IN NORTH DEVON. PLATK XX 11. Duke of Exeter. ICIIKM. ri-Ill.lKS (IF NllRTH OKVON. ri.ATE XXIII. j/''n|» 1/; ■1. L^-. '*•/>-"■ : SEPULCHRAL KFl'lGIES IN MiRlll DEVON. PLATE XXIV. DETAILS OI" COSTUME. ^^ m Arlington. Callington. VVc.ir-Giffard. ''^SJM^ULs Atherington. (^ /'V^ /* vAcy^^i ■■■^ -a^Jw;>^ . -^^-.^^. ^ 1^' Dunster. Shcbbearc. SEPULCIlRAt. EFFIGIES IN NOKTU DKVON. I'l.ATE XXV. The Cathedral. SEI'ULCIIRAL EFFIGIES IN NORTH DEVON. PLATE XXVI. i^umerr mfips uitrr.liir outej^irnolans ]BMm mm to"' trnw untolr muis i Hitdm liDtrmlijis uM flonlir mniio : • '^•ifiit lanilis Du-.ttamii irrruj mk : {Jfttiutfii uaun IIP qnara ixcjis innui 7'kmau aillnu) £C£Cqi iJlaiii- ■'-' £n Ihaimui rniun ftin iiuiiiatii^':.''v: iltir Ifllamni au'htn iiri iioig.aim'n Haccombe. SKFULCHKAL KFFlHIliS IN NOKl'M liKVDN. PLATE XXVII. Wantage. IS Sutlon-Coldlield. SEPULCHRAL KPKICIES IN NORTH DEVOS. n,ATn: xxviii. 4- gii oiir Oamr ni,m)it<-tf & ■Huiii'JiS :il 'lliUfmy I!i;cld'il;;tini. Stri:|.CIIKAI. tFKll'.IKS IS NuKlll UKVON. I'LATK XXIX. I ^llllllk»lJ^1li^»lfd»)^^l>l!BTJ^l^^J^.IillMTlll^i/^^l.l^llllllu^!^llll^'mlll^l^^ I /= ■«?-• SKPULCHRAL EFFIGIKS IN NORTH DKVON. I'LATE XXX. SliHULCIIRAL KFFIGIES IN NOKTIl DEVON. PLATE XXXI. .^^<~^ SF.PII.CHRAI KFl[i;n-.S IN NOKIU riF.VuN. PLATE XXXII. M X SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES IN NOKTll 1)1 VoN. PLATE XXX 1 1 r. Stoke- Fleming. Shillingford. Sampford Courtciiay. ?)triarrt fntiras'TilinKur^arrtlif ai'uuijfn lira luuitis Dir mmlo 36 Sampford Courtenay. 35 Haccombe. MOMMINTM. ANli MI'VORIAI. SCI'LITIKK OK DI.VdN. PI.A1I-: XXXU'. Tivcrioii Tiverton. Honiton Tiverton. Cullompton. MONUMENTAL ANIi MEMORIAL SCUI.ITURE IN DEVON. PLATE XXXV. PIj niiree. Ciillompton. 'riverton. I 1 S Mary ArchcN, Kxcier. Colyton . Ax mouth. MONUMENTAL AM) MF.MOKIAI. SCUI.IMTRK "'l' HKVliN. PLATE XXXVI. i3 I'owtlerliam, Powdevhani. CI? *Ihc Palace. MONl'MENTAI. \M> MIMi>l;l\l Slllrll l;l i'|- IirvoS. I'l.AI i; XX.WII. Kurd Abbey. 23 The Pal.icc. Oucry St. Mary. The P.ilace. 3> Plymtrcc. i;:uni»ion. Hoiiitcio. Motikki,;!!. 36 Newton Bjshell. Canterbury C'athctiral. MONLMENTAI. AN'Il MKMOKIAI. SCULPTURE OF DEVON. PI.ATK X.\\\ 111 39 Hecr Ferrers. 40 Tythcrloigh. 41 East Budleigh. /5^ -^^ llff 42 The Cathedral. 43 lirndnincl). Northleigh. 45 Otlcry Mohun. MONfMENTAI. AND MEMORIAL SCULPTURE OI' DEVON. PLATK XXXIX. MnNlIMKN'l'Al. AM' MIMi'KIM. SClll'II UK ol' liKVUN. I'l.ATE l.X 73 , H A\miiistcr. m P K.vst I!iiillcii;li. Iterry Pomeroy. Muiiklcigh. Heanton Punchardon. 4 Heantcn Punchiirdi"n. Ijamptoii. MdXlMKNTAI. AMI MKJIORIAI. SCl'MTrKK OK UKVoN. I'l.ATK NI.I. The Catliedral. The Palace. too FnKt Hiidleigh. MONUMENTAL AMI MEMORIAL SCrLIMTRK OK HI ViiN. PLATE XLII. o o o O O G DOOO DODO I 103 Kurd Abbey. Ford Alibey. IJrailniiich, 107 Ford Abbey. Vicaiagc, Colyton. Musbiiry MONUMENTAL AND MEMORIAL SCULPTURE OF DEVON. T»I.ATE XT.TTT. 112 Suicoml e I.ilttchnm, 122 Harpford. i?4 I'ecr. MONUMENTAL ANl> MEMORIAL SCl'LITURE OF DEVON. PLATE XLIV. Vicarage, Colylon, MONUMENTAL AND MEMORIAI. SCULri'URE OV M-.VuN. PLATK XI.V. MOSl'MKNTAI. ANH MEMORIAL SCl'M'TSUK UK UKVuN. ri.ATK XLVI. .36 CilhcdrAl. MONI:mkXTAI. ami Mr.Mi>KIM. SllI.rHKK of IH-MiN. I'l.ATK XI.VII. < s> ^^ fn\ ^^ ■j^ ^ < 1 s ^ > o C o 1 f-:i; ^ ^ ^ /' ^ ^ 0^ MONl'UESTAL ANI> IMI.VkHAI S MKJIORIAI. Scri.lTlKI-. UK liKVliN. ri A'l K I. 4^ Sir W. Pole. 'Ihe Ami. ^^;<^iiyi Colyton Church. >IONLM«\TAl. AND MIMOKIAI. >CL'I.I'H;RK I'I' 1!1,V(..\. I'LATIC I.I. A': (Julctimbe V II. %r:^i^-^^-^^- 7^,^?^^ Gateway, Dunkcswcll AM>ey, MONUMENTAL AND MEMORIAL SllirrUKK Ol' IiL\i>N. PLATE LII. ■I ^fU l\\t(' ffl t-* M •i-l *•' ^f "^^^^f^ci |--:r— :a ; ij^^' 152 Shiilc Gateway. F-.id Abbev. ■54 Ncwertham Abbey. MOM'MKNTAL AMI M KMOUIAI. SCI l.l' I r K !•: oK I.I.VipN. I'LATK I.III. Court ;riay 'I'omb. Citlytou. SEPULCHRAI, El'Fir.ll.S AND Mi iMMKN lAI. SCl'lJ'Tlur. IN IlKVdV. riAi'i-: 1.1\'. SEPULCHRAL EFFIGIES AND MONTMENTAL SCULPTURE IN DEVON. PLATE LV. INTERIOR OF NAX'E. — S. ALLAN ^ sepulchral' EFFiniKS AND MONUMKNTAL SCULPTURE IN RKVON. PLATE ].VI. SEPULCHRAL EFFIOIES AND MONUMKNTAL SCfLI'TURE IN DKVON. PLATE LVII. 'N ^^i^'jijil^il^i^l*^ -i-^ ^.i^ -,,,,. ., -^ >. ^f^' 'J- CHAPEI, OK S. JAMES. — TEA'KESBL'BV ABBEY CHf;cCH. KAST END OK t MOlK- — TH AKKSUl KV ARItKV CHriC;H. SEFWI-CHRAI. KKKtC.IES AND MO.NUMKNT.Vt. SCI'I.I'TIKK I\ DKVllN. ri.ATE LVIII. MICKI-liGATB IIAK. — VuKK. SEHI'LCIIRAI. KKlir.lES AND MDMMKN l.M. SCUl.l>Tl'RK IN DEVON. I'l.A'il'; MX. GI..\STONIU'i;V AiniKY. .s. 1'KTk;: > cu: :;'-U — s. .\l.i;.\.\ i. SKri'I.CHKAI. KIKUMKS AND VONl'MKNTAl. SCUI.l'TrRE IN l>F.VON. ri.ATK lA. NORTH CADBURV — SOMERSET. SF.l'lI.CIIKAl. EI-FIGIKS AND Mi IMMKNTAI. SCri.I'TrUl-. IN I>1 \iiS. PLATE LXI. CD CO oo oo CD CO ^^i iW WCHlMi .vVl' ^ '''//rui.riin liw"^ ,tUBR ^A JA ^^odiTOjo'^ '^.^ojir aUFO)?^ ''/Aavaaivi^" i;: AV\EUNIVER% ■ o ^lOSA) ^MEUNIVER^/A 5 1 1 = >>;10SAI = (0 ( \\f ->i^"RRARY %:. ■n ^>M11BRARYQ<^ ^^\^EUNIVERi/y). 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