‘i ignINDIAN NOTES
AND MONOGRAPHS

‘ Eprrep sy F, W. HopcE

A SERIES OF PUBLICA-
TIONS RELAFING TO THE
AMERICAN ABORIGINES

AIMS AND OBJECTS
OF THE
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN
INDIAN, HEYE FOUNDATION
(THIRD PRINTING)

NEW YORK
MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN INDIAN
HEYE FOUNDATION
1923THIS series of INDIAN NoTES AND MONo-
GRAPHS is devoted primarily to the publica-
tion of the result of studies by members of
the staff of the Museum of the American
Indian, Heye Foundation, and is uniform
with HispANIc NoTES AND MONOGRAPHS,
published by the Hispanic Society of
America, with which organization this
Museum is in cordial codperation.

Only the first ten volumes of INDIAN
Notes AND MoNoGRAPHS are numbered.
The unnumbered parts may readily be deter-
mined by consulting the List of Publications

issued as one of the series.rr

Cc
pec aiNDIAN NOTES
AND MONOGRAPHS

pr i x I \ H

A oostinies OF PUBLICA
TIONS RELATING TO THI
AMERICAN \BORIGINES

\IMS AND OBJECTS

MUSEUM OF THE AMERICAN
INDIAN, HEYE FOUNDATION

 

THIRD PRINTIN(MUSEUM

AIMS AND OBJECTS

AMERICAN

HEYE

HIS

 

 

thing useful in

it

FOUNDATION

posit )]

that its sole aim 1

the anthropolog
Western Hemisphere

by means of its pul

thereby gained

The Museum

years Ago whe!

suing his interest
the American Indian

tematic accumulation of

thereto. The first important

 

 

INDIAN NOTES+} AIMS AND OBJE Gas

 

i
procured in 1903, a representative gathering

of earthenware vessels from prehistoric

Pueblo ruins in Socorro county, New
Mexico; in the following year a similar

llection that had been found in a cave

CO

in eastern Arizona was obtained; and trips
to Porto Rico, to Mexico, and to Costa Rica
nd Panama, by associates of Mr Heye,
resulted in other gatherings of important
artifac LS. These objects, with those previ-
ously assembled, formed a nucleus to which

|accessions have continuously been made
|until at the present time the number of
objects illustrating the archeology and
ethnology of the American Indians exceeds
a million.

But the first comprehensive plans for
| systematic research among the Indians and
their remains were not fully developed until
| 1906, in which year Mr Heye became asso-
|clated with Prof. Marshall H. Saville, of
| Columbia University, who planned a series
| of researches to cover the archeology of the
| Andean and coast regions of South America
|from southern Ecuador northward to

Darien, thence to the West Indies. In

 

 

| | INDIAN NOTESthe
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MONOGRAPHS |AIMS AND OBJECTS

 

|plored has for the first time been made

known. One of the immediate results of
these studies is the report on The Antiquities
of Manabi, Ecuador, issued in two quarto
volumes in 1907-and 1910. The artifacts

'from Ecuador, and later from Colombia,

consist chiefly of earthenware vessels, some

‘of them large burial urns, stone objects

including many massive carved seats),

}and ornaments of gold and platinum.

Soon after the South American research

|was initiated, an archeological survey of

the West Indies was commenced, in 1907,

|the Reverend Thomas Huckerby under-

 

 

| taking that pertaining to St Vincent, subse-

quently extending the reconnaissance to
Tobago, Trinidad, Grenada, Carriacou,
Cannouan, and many smaller islands of
the Lesser Antilles, and of the Windward
Islands, the collections illustrating the cul-
ture of the early West Indians being very
numerous and comprehensive.

The work initiated by Mr Huckerby was
extended in 1912 by the late Theodoor de
Booy, who in that year became attached
to the staff of what had become popularly

INDIAN NODES} |e rn ~ {
di Bo VY i

}
t tne Bah
maica »

from those

    

11 MS

of the Museu

|many of the ol

Ethnology
|

| archeologi al

| a ae '
and Trinidad.

Harrington,
ing Mr de B«

to eastern Cul

AND

MONOGRAPHSAIMS AND OBJECES

|of prime importance were conducted, result-

ng in the determination of the cultural
sequence of the early aborigines and in
gathering many artifacts of the highest
scientific value.

While these researches were being made

| and collections of materials obtained beyond

our immediate borders, work at home was
not neglected; indeed, so extensively were
collections being gathered in the United
States that the Museum was twice com-
pelled to move from limited temporary
quarters. Mr Harrington had long been a
student of the ethnology and archeology of
the Indians of the United States, and had
| sojourned among many tribes and in many
llocalities in behalf of the Museum, com-
|mencing in 1908. ‘The results of his field
trips have been most prolific, and through
them the Museum’s collections have been
enriched in a manner that seemed impossi-
ble at the time the work was commenced.
Especially noteworthy among the objects

thus procured are a large number of sacred

 

| bundles, or packs, from numerous tribes,
tormerly used in connection with scalping,

INDIAN NOTESAND MONO (§MS AND OBJ HGT.

 

|W. Wildshut among the Crows, Blackfeet,
Shoshoni, and Arapaho, among which tribes
he succeeded in procuring more than 300
medicine bundles, including the sacred pipe
and beaver bundles of ‘the Blackfeet and
the skull bundles of the Crows, thus adding
materially to the already remarkable col-
lection of such objects in the Museum.
Pursuing its archeological work, the Mu-
seum in 1914 explored a Munsee Indian
|cemetery at Minisink, near Montague, New
| Jersey, revealing its historic occupancy; in
1915 the great Nacoochee mound in Georgia,
a noted Cherokee site, was excavated, like-
wise several mounds in North Carolina;
[in 1916 Mr Warren K. Moorehead of
Philips Academy and Mr Alanson Skinner
of the Museum explored several sites along
the Susquehanna, and Mr Skinner also
conducted excavations at Las Mercedes
!Costa Rica. Dr Thomas Gann, in 1916-17,
conducted important archeological studies,
in behalf of the Museum, in British Hon-
|duras. More recently much work of the
same general character has been done in
|New York state, especially at Inwood on

|
|

 

INDIAN NOTESlin the au

Nusbaum,

|called Bask

| plored. For

|made the Museum

T. Coleman du Pont
means for conducting thi

lishing the results.

| The investigations noted hav

AND MONOGRAPHSAIMS AND OBJECTS

 

 

 

|

| fields of archeological research in the United

ductive of many objects, consisting of
pottery, stone, bone, shell, wood, fabrics,
basketry, etc., such as characterize ancient
Indian culture in different localities and
during various periods, but as the results
have been published in the main, it is
necessary to allude to them only in this
general way. One of the most important

States in which the Museum has engaged
was carried on in 1916 and 1917 by Mr Har-
rington in Arkansas, where extended ex-
cavation enabled the identification of the
sites as Caddo. This and _ subsequent
work in Tennessee was done at the instance
of Clarence B. Moore, Esq., a trustee of
the Museum, whose own investigations of
Indian mounds in the South, covering a

 

period of many years, have added so much
to our knowledge of the archeology of that
region, and whose recent valued gifts of
archeological specimens, derived from his
own excavations, have added so much to
the Museum’s collections.

In 1922-23 a number of rockshelters were
examined along White river in the heart of

 

 

 

INDIAN NOGisAIMS AND OBJECTS

 

 

 

still attached to its wooden handle with
|'thongs of bark, and a hatchet with a
| crudely chipped flint blade set in its original
haft of oak, figure prominently in the
collection.

No aboriginal American culture was de-
| veloped so highly as that of the tribes of
Mexico and Central America; hence, as
| above alluded to, the earliest plans of the
founder and Director of the Museum in-
|cluded the exploitation of those vast and
important fields as soon as the opportunity
was afforded. To this end several expedi-
tions were made to Guatemala, Honduras,
British Honduras, and Costa Rica by Pro-
fessor Saville in 1913 and the years follow-
ing, and the opportunity was further in-
creased soon after the definite establishment
of the Museum of the American Indian,
Heye Foundation, in 1916, and the selection
of its board of trustees. Ever interested in
the advancement of knowledge, James B.
Ford, Esq., one of the trustees, pursued his
policy of aiding scientific endeavor when he
assumed pecuniary responsibility for much
of the research thus far conducted by the

 

 

 

INDIAN NOTESMONOGRAPHSAIMS AND OBJE€@is

 

Hendricks has been generous almost beyond
measure. Thousands of priceless ethno-

| logical and archeological objects have been

 

contributed by him from time to time
objects such as one would scarcely have
| believed to exist outside of museums. And
|not only this, for Mr Hendricks has made
| possible the excavation of the ruins- of
| Hawikuh, one of the famed “Seven Cities of
| Cibola,” occupied by the Zuni Indians of

 

New Mexico from prehistoric time until]
16/0, a work that has been in progress by|
the Hendricks-Hodge Expedition during the
nee six field seasons under the continued
|charge of Mr F. W. Hodge. In 1923 a

| joint expedition by the Museum and Mr
Louis C. G. Clarke, director of the Cam-
bridge University Museum, England, con-|
ducted under the immediate supervision of |
| Dr 5S. K. Lothrop at Kechipauan, New}
| Mexico, resulted in shedding additional]
) ight on the early culture of the Zuni tribe. |
In this brief summary only a few of the!

gifts made by trustees of the Museum,

 

important as they are, can be mentioned.

 

|As proof of the interest he has always

|
INDIAN NOTES |

—— |AND MONO‘18

AIMS AND OBJECTS

 

  
    
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
   

 

 

 

 

 

|
|

recently only twenty-four major examples of
mosaic work had come to light and been
placed on record by printed description and
illustration. Of these, twenty-three are in
Europe. The other specimen, from a cave
in Honduras, is in possession of this Mu-
seum, also a gift from Mr Ford. Other
as from this benefactor include extensive
archeological collections from the California
islands; the Lady Blake collection from the
West Indies; many ivory carvings of the
Eskimo; ethnologic objects illustrating the
life of the Cree, and of the Eskimo of
Hudson bay, Bering strait, and the Yukon

 

|territory; collections of antiquities from)

Mexico, Honduras, Guatemala, Brazil, and
British Honduras (the latter including a
fine series of painted Maya vases); and an
ancient Inca textile, a marvel of aboriginal

 

 

| American art.
| So extensive and important are the |
|aboriginal artifacts presented by Messrs |
Ford and Hendricks, in addition to their|
benefactions in other ways, that it is no
[exaggeration to say that the collections
lw hich bear their names would form a worthy |
ae 38 |
INDIAN NOTES |ATMS AND OBJECTS

ill re w oT coll th ~
|
| Ol Or1g Vater- [ I i
|
1

S Boe (,; OT? (
limportant LCCeSSIONS.
| Indeed, the Muss
liber ' f ite tr S 4] |
1WCTal 1 rns oe istees ‘ }
‘Interest 1n Its ¢ OLS (

\ ry
( ers ] 1 jott DUll yy V1 ry
ingt vho made poss
hrep! of edifice | y he tre

!'Numismatic Society, while other trust
|
|

together with other friends of the 4iuseum

'

project, contributed liber
required for the building and its eq lipment

Likewis« generous have been those v host

onlv direct relations with the Museum are

MONOGRAPHS

      

ANDAIMS AND OBJECTS

 

 

 
 
 
 
  
  
    
  
 
 
     
  
 
     
  
  
   
 
   

 

 

 

 

Among these are Mrs Thea Heye, whose
name is not only borne upon hundreds of
|valuable objects, including those forming
a collection of Mocoa ethnological material

 

from Venezuela, but who has met the

| ex pense of an expedition to Santa Cat alina
and s San Miguel islands, and another to
| Santa Barbara, which have been productive
| of collections unequaled in their comprehen-
lsiveness and in their value to the study
of the culture of former aboriginal in-
habitants of California. Among the many
Vi ree gifts from Mrs Heye, special mention
| shoul 1 be made of a collection of California
lb yasketry and of the entire shrunken body
| of aman from the Jivaro Indians of Ecuador,

the result of the same process by which the

well-known shrunken heads are produced by

 

ae tribe. Especially noteworthy among
the other benefactors of the Museum are:
| the late Miss Edith Hendricks, who pre-
sented collections of ethnological specimens
from the upper Amazon and of antique
material from the Iowa tribe, as well as}
other objects; Mrs Charles R. Carr, of War-|

ren, Rhode Island, an archeological collection

 

 

 

INDIAN N OWES |Tukano

borde ls

AND MONOGRAPHSAIMS AND OBJECTS

 

 

 

Growth

Study
Collec-

tions

Physical
Anthro
pology

 

 

 

sented to the Museum since its foundation, |
by those connected with it only through!
sympathy with its endeavors, number,
nearly 30,000. |

So greatly and so rapidly have the col-|
lections of the Museum increased that they

 

have already practically outgrown the build-
ing, consequently the objects exhibited are

:
only a small part of those in the Museum's
possession. Owing to these limitations of|
space it has been necessary to present to}
the public view only relatively small syn-|
optic series of objects illustrating, in an)
admittedly meager way, the culture of the!
Indians which they represent. But the
main object of the Museum is not to appeal

|to the general public, welcome as it will

be to view the exhibits; rather it is the aim
to afford to serious students every facility
for utilizing the collections in their researches.
To this end there are many thousands of
unique specimens in the study series which
will always be available for this purpose
and which indeed have already been thus
extensively used.

Pursuant to the policy of the Director

 

INDIAN NOTES| ps
OnILY attords
qisseminating

members of th
CL

collaborators has oTea
lated activit this directioi [t is ther

Huntington’s interest

fore duc to

the Museum, even in thi

short tim:

AND MONOGRAPHSAIMS AND OBJECTS

 

 

 

 

   

which his generous gifts have been avail-
able, has been enabled to issue sixty-nine
works in the series mentioned, ranging in
size from a few to many hundreds of pages
and most of them profusely illustrated. A
list of these and of the other publications
of the Museum will be sent on application.

 

INDIAN NOESyay Ee or

SPEEDY BINDER
icuse, Y
Stockton, Calif