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FHAMILTON, LOCKE AND CLARK SERIES.
C. SALLUSTII CRISP]
OF RE A:

 

ADAPTED TO THE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM

BY A
LITERAL AND ANALYTICAL TRANSLATION.

BY

JAMES HAMILTON,

AUTHOR OF THE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEM,

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A NEW AND MORE ACCURATE EDITION,
CAREFULLY REVISED, CORRECTED, AND OMISSIONS SUPPLIED; AND

WHAT IS OBSOURE OR UNINTELLIGIBLE, IN HAMILTON’sS
TRANSLATION, EXPLAINED.

BY

THOMAS CLARK.

PHILADELPHIA :
DAVID McKAY, PUBLISHER,
610 SOUTH WASHINGTON SQUARE.
(Former ty pusiisnep gy CHARLES Dr SILVER & SONS.)

 
  
  
   
   
   
   
  
  
    
   
 

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Tus American edition of Hamilton’s interlinear
Sallust has been carefully revised, the errors corrected,
and the omissions in the London edition supplied ; for,
without the greatest care on the part of the translator,
such omissions often occur in interlinear translations.
These omissions are indicated, in this edition, by
placing the English words in brackets [ ] under the
Latin, as, page 40:

Permixtum vino.

[Mingled with wine.]
Permixtum vino has, through oversight, been omitted
in the text; so also in page 45:

Genere atque forma preeterea;
[In lineage and beauty moreover};]

and in page 50:

Pro magnitudine reipublice.
[For the greatness of the republic.]
Here are three important omissions in the space of
ten pages; and these omissions occur nearly in the
same proportion throughout the London edition.
By a strict adherence to the Hamiltonian plan of
translating, many English sentences will be formed,
not only very uncouth, but also often unintelligible.

Saal)

 
  
 
  
 
   
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
   

oy Ss eee Atcha ee ee oe

ee oeeee Ot coe Stet ety Toke et a tetra eae a Red

ae ew hata yb he bet itty tid teh nmeciinn pee ne gn tle boheme yak meget ape buahet af tet

ad dt

oe

ee ae rat

SC etna te inet oe et eae eS nea

we
so

1V PREFACE.

This Hamilton has sometimes sought to obviate, by
adding explanatory sentences in parenthesis ( ), as:

Quid religui habemus.
What of remaining have we. (What have we left).

But still he has left many sentences unintelligible, or
nearly so. Such sentences the American editor has
explained by adding words or sentences included in
brackets [ ] instead of the parentheses ( ) of Hamil-
ton, as:

Ipse esse cum telo, item jubere alios;
He himself was with a weapon, also toorder others; [he himself was armed,

Festinare dies que noctes.
and ordered others to be so]. Tobhasten days and nights. [He was actively
employed day and night. |

In the following sentences, though explanatory words
have been inserted by Hamilton, still the sentences
are left obscure; and the American editor has found it
necessary to explain them by sentences in brackets,

iL oaa:

Familiarem rem deesse nobis etiam ad necessaria.
Private things (property) to be wanting tous even to (for) necessary

Ulti maxumé
(matters). {While we want the necessaries of life.] Having avenged chiefly

nostrum sanguinem. Alia
(best) our blood. [After having sold our lives dearly.] Another

licentia est  aliis

(different) license is to different (persons). [There is a difference in the
freedom of action.]

It was necessary to make similar explanations also
in a great many other sentences throughout the book.

THomas CLARK.TESTIMONIALS

 
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  

AS TO

THE MERITS OF

Tn ee ee ee ee ee ee

Ghe Juivtlinear Dranslation of the Classics,

 

Testimony of celebrated men in favour of the interlineary system
of translations, as being best adapted for learning a language.

Mitron.— We do amiss to spend seven or eight years merely
in scraping together as much Latin and Greek as might be
learned easily and delightfully in one year.

If, after some preparatory grounds of speech by their certain
forms got into memory, they were led to the prazis thereof in
some chosen short book lessoned thoroughly to them, [that is, read
and translated to them], which would bring the whole language
quickly into their power. This I take to be the most natural
and most profitable way of learning languages.

[Children] should begin with the chief and necessary rules
of some good grammar, either that now used, or any better; and
while this is doing, their speech is to be fashioned to a distinct
and clear pronunciation, as near as may be to the Italian, espe-
cially in the vowels. Next, to make them expert in the usefullest
points of grammar, some easy and delightful book should be
read to them.

[By this, Milton means that the teacher should read some
easy Latin book to his pupils, and translate and explain it re-
peatedly, until they understand such Latin book, and can them-

selves translate it. |
js v)aa , ™ . pees S ‘ ie i‘
POSEN PY MTT TEPE TEN a tev ert ri el terre ete ier tnt Lisa ad aka be dad

er itheleD pd crete cma ie er yee ih be be pele =

a Shahin thes editl

beh rnerertinl je aa bet bAg Ey Shedim ted = point fobs fa
coe ss ¥

fi,

V1 TESTIMONIALS.

Joun Locker, author of the “Essay on the Human Under-
standing.”—-When I consider what ado is made about a little
Latin and Greek, how many years are spent in it, and what a
noise and business it makes to no purpose, I can hardly forbear
thinking that the parents of children still live in fear of the
schoolmaster’s rod, which they look on as the only instrument
of education; as a language or two to be his whole business.
How else is it possible that a child should be chained to the oar,
seven, eight, or ten of the best years of his life, to get a language
or two, which, I think, might be had at a great deal cheaper rate
of pains and time, and be learned almost in playing.

[The first project of Locke] is to trouble the child with no
grammar at all, but to have Latin as English has been, without
the perplexity of rules, talked into him, for, if you will consider
it, Latin is no more unknown to a child, when he comes into the
world, than English; and yet he learns English without 4
master, rule, or grammar; and so might he Latin, too, as Tully
did, if he had somebody always to talk to him in this language.
And when we so often see a French woman teach an English
girl to speak and read French perfectly in a year or two, with-
out any rule of grammar, or anything else but prattling to her,
I cannot but wonder how gentlemen have overseen this way for
their sons. If, therefore, a man could be got, who, himself
speaking good Latin, would always be about your son, talk con-
stantly to him, and suffer him to speak and read nothing else,
this would be the true and genuine way, and that which I would
propose, not only as the easiest and best, wherein a child might,
without pains or chiding, get a language which others are wont
to be whipt for at school six or seven years together; but also
as that wherein, at the same time, he might have his mind and
manners formed, and be instructed in all other parts of know-
ledge of things that fall under the senses, and require little
more than memory. But if such a man cannot be got who
speaks good Latin, the next best thing is to have him taught as
near this way as may be, which is by taking some easy and
pleasant book, such as Asop’s Fables, and writing the English
translation (made as literal as can be) in one line, and the Latin
words which answer each of them, just over it in another.
These let him read every day, over and over again, till he per-
fectly understands the Latin; and then go on to another Fable,TESTIMONIALS. vu

till he is also perfect in that, not omitting what he is already
verfect in, but sometimes reviewing that to keep it in his
memory.

The formation of the verb first, and afterwards the declen-
sions of the nouns and pronouns, perfectly learned by heart,
facilitate his acquaintance with the genius and manner of the
Latin tongue, which varies the signification of verbs and nouns,
uot as the modern languages do, by particles prefixed, but by
changing the last syllable. More than this of grammar, I think,
he need not have, till he can read himself Sanctii Minerva.

As he advances in acquiring a knowledge of words, he must
advance, part pasu, in obtaining a thorough and critical know-
ledge of grammar. When by this way of interlining Latin and
Knglish one with another, he has got a moderate knowledge of
the Latin tongue, he may then be advanced a little farther, to
the reading of some other easy Latin book, such as Justin, or
Kutropius; and, to make the reading and understanding of it
the less tedious and difficult to him, let him help himself with
the English translation. Nor let the objection, that he will then
know it only by rote, fright any one. This, when well consi-
dered, is not of any moment against, but plainly for, this way
of learning a language. For languages are only to be learned
by rote ; and a man who does not speak English and Latin per-
fectly by rote, so that having thought of the thing he would
speak of, his tongue, of course without thought of rule or gram-
mar, falls into the proper expression and idiom of thai language,
does not speak it well, nor is master of it. Langunges were
made, not by rules of art, but by accident, and the common use
of the people; and he that speaks them well has no other rule
but that, nor anything to trust to but his memory, and the habit
of speaking, after the fashion learned from those that are allowed
to speak properly, which, in other words, is only to speak by
rote.

Sypnzy Smito.—The Hamiltonian system, on the other hand:
Ist. Teaches an unknown tongue by the closest interlinear trans-
lations, instead of leaving a boy to explore his way by the
lexicon or dictionary. 2d. It postpones the study of grammar
till a considerable progress has been made in the language, and
a great degree of practical grammar has been acquired. 3d. It
substitutes the cheerfulness and competition of the Lancasterian

     
    
 
 
  
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 

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TESTIMONIALS.

system for the dull solitude of the dictionary. By these means
a boy finds he is making a progress, and learning something
from the very beginning. He is not overwhelmed with the first
appearance of insuperable difficulties; he receives some little
pay from the first moment of his apprenticeship, and is not
compelled to wait for remuneration till he is out of his time.
The student, having acquired the great art of understanding
the sense of what is written in another tongue, may go into the
study of the language as deeply and as extensively as he pleases.
The old system aims at beginning with a depth and accuracy
which many men never will want, which disgusts many from
arriving even at moderate attainments, and is a Jess easy, and
not more certain road to a profound skill in a language, than if
attention to grammar had been deferred to a later period.

In fine, we are strongly persuaded that, the time being given,
this system will make better scholars; and, the degree of
scholarship being given, a much shorter time will be needed.
If there is any truth in this, it will make Mr. Hamilton one of
the most useful men of his age; for, if there is anything which
fills reflecting men with melancholy and regret, it is the waste
of mortal time, parental money, and puerile haypiness, in the
present method of pursuing Latin and Greek.BALEUSVTIT CA TIRE N:A.
SALLUST’S CATILINE.

 

DrEceT omnis (omnes) homines, qui student
It becomes all men, who study

sese  preestare ceteris animalibus, niti
themselves to excel to other animals, to endeavour with [their]

summa ope ne transeant vitam silentio
utmost might (that) they may not-pass [their] life in silence

veluti pecora, que natura finxit prona atque

even-as cattle, which nature hasformed prone and
obedientia ventri. Sed omnis nostra vis est
obedient to the belly. But all our force is
sita animo et corpore. Utimur imperio  animi,

situate in mind and _ body. We use the command of the mind,
magis servitio corporis. Alterum est

more (than) the service of the body. The other (the one) is

commune nobis cum Dis, alterum cum belluis.
common to us with the gods, theother with beasts.

Quo videtur mihi rectius querere gloriam _opibus
By which it seems to me more-right to seek glory by the powers

ingenii quam virium, et quoniam

of the understanding than of forces (bodily strength), and since
vita ipsa, quad fruimur est brevis efficere

the life self, which we enjoy is short _ to effect [make)

memoriam nostri quam maximé longam.

the memory (remembrance) of us as most long.

Nam gloria divitiarum et forme

{Endure most long.] For the glory of riches and of shape

(9). = . " ae TT. ee ee o ve hi ecbdisbibeitaa tiie Sea Tee SETe LPL PRP Pe ere e m le
beerhertanteaH iAGAd Slnetimipnan pete = pant lb path Es Af epee tetera at ehel abit te fmciebmimtnim ge ery ee Sh pu jn adn be bts Pn ha fn vere erst trees ttr eso lel Teil ol bes bade aL Ek Seer erRE Sy TL oro eer ur an aa hl

Stee oe ee arate tee

wimbe Rete Rh betes Altes apni ek

  

10 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

est fluxa atque fragilis; virtus habetw
(beauty) is fleeting and frail ; virtue is had

clara que externa. Sed magnum certamen
(accounted) bright and _ eternal. But a great contest

fuit diu inter mortalis (mortales), ne militaris
has been along-time between mortals, whether military

res - procederet magis vi corporis, an
thing (tactics) would advance more by force of body, or

virtute animi. Nam et priusquam incipias
by virtue of mind. For and (even) before-that thou mayest begin

est opus consulto, et ubi
(thou beginnest) (there) is need with (of) deliberation, and when

consulueris facto
thou mayest have deliberated (hast deliberated) of deed [need of doing]

mature. Ita utrumque indigens per se, alterum
seasonably. So either (is) defective by self, the other

eget auxilio alterius. Igitur initio
(the one) wants the aid of the other. Therefore in the beginning

reges (nam id fuit primum nomen imperii in

kings (for that has been the first name of government in
terris) diversi pars exercebant
the lands: (world) different (in disposition) part did exercise
ingenium, alii corpus: etiam tum _ vita
the understanding, others the body: also then __ the life
hominum agitabatur sine  cupiditate, sua
of men was spent without covetousness, their-own
satis placebant cuique. Verd postea quam
were-sufficiently-pleasing [to] every-one. But after that

Cyrus in Asia, Lacedemonii et Athenienses
Cyrus in Asia, (and) the Lacedemonians and Athenians

in Grecia, coepére subigere urbes atque nationes;

in Greece, began _ to subdue cities and nations ;
habere lubidinem dominandi causam
to have [began to consider] the lust of ruling a Cause
belli, putare maxumam gloriam in
of war, [and] to think [that] the greatest glory [was] in

maxumo imperio; tum demum  compertum est
the greatest command; then at length it was foundSALLUSTIL CATILINA, 11

periculis atque negotiis, | ingenium  plurimum posse
by dangers and affairs, [that] the understanding to be most-powerful

in bello. Quod si virtus animi
(could effect most) in war. sut if the virtue of the mind
regum atque imperatorum  valeret, ita im
of kings and of commanders might prevail, [equally] so in
pace ut in bello, humane res _haberent sese
peace as in war, human things would have themselves

eequabilius atque constantius; neque

{would be) more-even and more-steady ; neither
cerneres aliud ferri lid, neque

wouldst thou perceive another (one thing) to be borne elsewhere, neither

omnia mutari ac misceri. Nam imperium

all (things) to be changed and to be mingled. For government

retinetur facilé iis artibus, quibus initio

is retained easily by those arts, by which in the beginning

partum est. Verum ubi_ pro labore, desidia;
it was-acquired. But when instead-of labour, idleness ;

pro  continentid et squitate, lubido atque

instead-of continence and equity, lust and
superbia invasére, fortuna immutatur simul
pride came-in (seized), fortune is changed together

cum moribus. Ita imperium transfertur semper 4

with manners. So authority is transferred always from
minus bono ad quemgue optumum. Que
{the) less good (man) to each best. Whatever
homines arant, navigant, sedificant,
(things) men plough, navigate, build, (agriculture, navi-
omnia parent virtuti. Sed
gation, architecture), all obey to virtue (mental powers). But
multi mortales, dediti ventri, atque somno, indocti
many mortals, addicted tothe belly, and tosleep, untaught
que inculti, transiére vitam  sicuti
and unpolished, have passed life as (persons)
peregrinantes : quibus profecto contra naturam
travelling: to whom __ indeed [contrary to nature] (their)
corpus  fuit voluptati, anima oneril. Ego
body has been for pleasure, the soul for a burden. J

  
    
    
      
   
   
     
   
     
    
   
  
   
    
  
  
  
   
   
 

ee ee ee

ae

ee, ee eepe
re eee ee sete erate ona wee er ota ere og Te IU IY ear era ea ret sal ae alee hg

ee emer OC ree Gere ne er ome eee eo aes

rae

ae ae were rect

12 SALLUSTIT CATILINA.

estumo vitam que mortem ecrum juxta, quoniam

estimate the life and death of them equally, since
siletur de utraque. Vertim enimvere
it is silent (nothingis said) concerning each. But truly

is demum videtur mihi vivere et frui anima, qui,
he atlength appears tome tolive and to enjoy life, who,

intentus aliquo negotio, querit famam preclari

intent on some ___ business, seeks the fame of illustrious
facinoris aut bone artis. Sed in magn& copia
enterprise or of good art. But in the great abundance
rerum, natura ostendit aliud iter
of things, nature  points-out another (different) journey (course)
ali. Kst pulchrum benefacere reipublice,
co another (person). It is fair to do-well to the republic,
etiam benedicere est haud absurdum.  Licet
also to speak-well is not absurd. It is-lawful
fierl clarum vel pace vel bello: et multi

tobe made illustrious either by peace or by war: and many

laudantur, qui fecére, et qui scripsére facta
are praised, who havedone, and who _ have written deeds

aliorum. Ac tametsi par gloria haudquaquam
of others. And although equal glory by-no-means

sequatur scriptorem et actorem rerum, tamen
may follow (follows) the writer and actor of things, yet

videtur quidem mihi in primis arduum scribere reg
it seems [indeed tome] particularly difficult to write things

gestas : primum, qudd facta sunt exeequanda
earried-oa (history): first, because deeds are  to-be-equalled

dictis ; dein quia plerique putant
by sayinys (language); afterwards _ because most think

delicta, quae reprehenderis, dicta
the faults, which thou mayest have reproved, (to be) said from

walevolentia et invidia ; ubi memores de macon4
ill-will and envy; when thou mayest record of the great

virtute bonorum ; quae quisque  putet
¥ irtue of good (men); whatever (things) each may think

__ facilia factu sibil,  accipit quo
fahinks) easy te be done to (by) himself, he receives with evenSALLUSTII CATILINA. 13

pro falsis, veluti

animo; supra ducit

mind ; beyond (that) he leads (deems) [all] for false, [or] as

ficta. Sed ego, adolescentulus, initio latus sum

feigned. But I, a very-young-man, inthe beginning was-borne
studio* ad Rempublicam; que ibi multa

by inclination to the Republic ; and there many (things)
fuére advorsa mihi. Nam _ audacia, largitio,
have been adverse to me. For boldness, bribery,

avaritia, vigebant pro pudore, pro abstinentia,
covetousness, did flourish instead-of modesty, instead-of abstinence,

pro virtute; que tametsl animus
instead-of virtue ; which (things) although (my) mind

insolens malarum artium, aspernabatur ;
unaccustomed of (to) bad arts, did despise ;

tamen imbecilla setas, corrupta ambitione, tenebatur
yet (my) weak age, corrupted by ambition, was held

inter tanta vitia. Ac cum dissentirem ab
among so-great vices. And when I would dissent from

reliquis malis moribus, nihilominus eadem cupido
the rest (others’) bad manners, nevertheless thesame desire

honoris, qua vexabat ceteros, fama et invidia
of honour, which did harass the rest, fame and envy

(vexabant) me. Igitur ubi animus requievit ex
(did harass) me. Therefore when (my) mind rested from

multis miseriis atque periculis, et decrevi
many miseries and dangers, and I resolved [that] (my)

reliquam xtatem habendam procul
remaining age to-be-had [should] (be passed) at-a-distance
2 Republica, non fuit consilium

a
from the Republic (public affairs), it has not-been (my) design

conterere bonum otium socordid atque desidia; neque
good leisure in sloth and idleness ; nor

etatem, intentum servilibus
on servile

to consume

vero agere .
truly to act (spend) age (my life), intent

officiis, colendo agrum aut venando: sed

offices, in cultivating field (land) or in hunting: but

 

 

* Or, from study, which it appears is the author’s meaning, from what
; : ora tigy
follows; “sed a quo incepto studioque me mala ambitio, &e.
9

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PEP Tay a ue en eee be tee Wee BENE NE 5A YT ey

14 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

reyressus eddem, a quo incepto que
having returned to the same (pursuit), from which undertaking and

studio, mala ambitio detinuerat me,  statui
study, bad ambition had detained me, I resolved

perscribere res gestas Romani
te write-through things carried-on (the achievements) of the Roman

populi carptim, uti queque videbantur digna

people with-selection, as each did seem worthy (of)
memoria: magis €0, quod animus erat
memory : more on-this-account, because (my) mind was

liber mihi a spe, metu, partibus Reipublice.
free to me from hope, fear, [and the] factions of the Republic.

Igitur absolvam paucis de
Therefore I will acquit (dispose) in a few (words) concerning [I will

conjuratione Catilinze quam
relate in a few words] the conspiracy of Catiline as

verissumé potero. Nam existumo id facinus
most-truly [as] Ishall be-able. For [ think that enterprise

in primis memorabile novitate sceleris atque
particularly memorable from the novelty of (its) wickedness and

periculi: de  moribus cujus hominis pauca
danger: concerning the morals of which man a few (things)

sunt explananda, prius quam faciam initium
are to-be-explained, before-that I may make (I make) a beginning

narrandi.
of relating.

Lucius Catilina, natus nobili genere,
Lucius Catiline, born (descended) of a noble race,
fuit magna vi et animi et corporis,

was (aman) (of) great strength and (both) of mind and of body,

sed malo que pravo ingenio. Intestina bella,
but (of) abad and depraved disposition. Intestine wars,

cedes, rapinz, civilis discordia fuére grata huic
slaughters, rapines, civil discord were agreeable to this

ab adolescentia; que  ibi exercuit
(man) from (his) youth; and there (in them) he exercised

suam juventutem. Corpus patiens inedia,
his youth. (His body (was) patient of hunger.SALLUSTH GATILINA. 15

algoris, vigiliee, supra gqudm est
of cold, of watchfulness (want of sleep), beyond than (what) is
credibile cuiquam: animus audax,  subdolus,
credible to any-one: (his) mind adventurous, crafty,
varlus, simulator ac dissimulator cujuslibet rei,
changeable, a counterfeiter and dissembler of any thing,
appetens alieni, profusus sui; ardens in
desirous of another’s (property), lavish of his own; ardent i»

cupiditatibus; satis eloquentis, parum sapientiz:
desires ; (he had) sufficient of eloquence, little of wisdom:

vastus animus semper cupiebat immoderata,
(his) vast mind always did desire extravagant,

incredibilia, § nimis alta. Post dominationem
Incredible, (and) too high (things). After the domination

Lucii Sulle, maxuma lubido republicze
(usurpation) of Lucius Sylla, a very-great lust (ambition) of the republic
caplundee invaserat hunc, neque
to be-taken (of seizing the republic) had seized hin, nor
habebat quidquam  pensi quibus
had he any of thought [nordid he care] by what
modis assequeretur id, dum _pararet regnum
means hemightattain that, while he should procure the kingdom

sibi. Ferox animus agitabatur magis que
for himself. (His) fierce mind was agitated more and

magis in dies, inopia familiaris rei,
more daily, from want of familiar thing (private property),

et conscientia scelerum; utraque que  auxerat

and a consciousness of crimes; both which he had increased
his artibus, quas = memoravi supra.
by those arts (practices), which I have recorded above:

preterea corrupti mores civitatis incitabant,

moreover the corrupt manners of the state did incite (him),

quos, luxuria atque avaritia, pessuma mala,

which (manners), luxury and avarice, the worst evils,

ac diversa inter se, vexabant.

and different between themselves, did harass (did pervert).
Res ipsa videtur  hortari, quoniam

The thing (subject) self seems te exhort (me), sinc¢

ee re ee ere |16 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

tempus admonuit de moribus civitatis,
time (the occasion) has reminded (me) of the manners of the state,

repetere supra ac disserere paucis
to retrace above [farther back] and discuss in a few (words)
instituta majorum domi que militie,

the institutions of (our) ancestors. at-home and abroad [in war],

pera OTT eh iatt ste) ott bed of pe othe ht

quomodo habuerint rempublicam,
in-what-manner they may have had (they managed) _ the republic,

ery

Perey

que quantam ___reliquerint, et disserere
and how-great they may have left (they left it), and [to discuss]

ane erate

ut paulatim immutata, facta sit
how by-degrees having been changed, it may have been made

pessuma ac flagitiosissuma ex
(it became) the worst and wmost-disgraceful from (having been)

pulcherruma.

ee er eee Tere ears

pet

: the fairest.

a

Trojani, sicut ego accepi, Initio, —

: The Trojans, as I have received (have heard), in the beginning,

i condidére atque habuére urbem Romam ;

i (first) built and had (inhabited) the city Rome;
a qui, Adnea duce, profugi vagabantur

=e who, Aineas (being their) leader, [as] exiles did wander

: 5 e

: incertis sedibus; que cum his

1 in uncertain seats (having no fixed habitation); and with these

5

Aborigines, agreste genus hominum, sine legibus,
the Aborigines, a rustic race of men, without laws,

liberum atque  solutum. Postquam hi
free and loosed (unrestrained). After-that they

convenére ibi in una moenia dispar
assembled there into one (the same) walls (city) of different
genere, dissimili lingud4, viventes alius alio

Pace, of dissimilar language, living one (each) in a different

more, est incredibile memoratu, quam  facilé
custom, itis incredible to-be-recorded, how easily

coaluerint. Sed postquam
they may have coalesced (they incorporated). But after-that

res eorum aucta civibus, moribus,
the thing (state) oi them having been increased by citizens, morals

ay

ret ere |

2
taSALLUSTII CATILINA. 17

agris, videbatur satis prospera, que
fmoral institutions), lands did appear sufficiently prosperous, an-

satis pollens, invidia ortaest ex opulentia,

sufficiently powerful, envy arose out-of opulence
sicuti pleraque mortalium habentur.
a3 most of mortal (things) are had (are conducted).

Igitur reges que  finitimi populi
Therefore _ kings and neighbouring peoples (people) (began)

tentare bello. Pauci ex amicis esse auxilio.
to-try (them) in war. A few of (their) friends to be for aid

Nam ceteri, perculsi metu, aberant
(brought them aid). For therest, stricken with fear, kept-aloof

& periculis. At Romani, intenti domi que

from dangers. But the Romans, intent at-home and
militiz, festinare, _parare, alius

of war (abroad), (began) to hasten, to prepare, the other (one)
hortari alium ire obviam _ hostibus; tegere
toexhort another to go towards the enemies; _ to protect
libertatem, patriam, que parentes  armis.
liberty, (their) country, and parents with arms.
Post ubi propulerant pericula virtute

Afterward when they had repulsed dangers by virtue (valour)

portabant auxilia sociis atque amicis; que parabant
they did carry aids  toallies and friends; and did prepare

amicitias magis beneficiis dandis quam
(procure) friendships rather by favours _to-be-given than
accipiundis.
to be received. [Rather by giving, than by receiving favours.]

Habebant legitimum imperium, regium nomen
They did have a legitimate government, a royal name

Imperii: delecti quibus corpus erat infirmum
of government: chosen (men) to whom the body was weak

annis, ingenium validum sapientia,
by years, (their) understanding strong with wisdom,

consultabant reipublice. Hi, vel
did consult (legislate) for the republic. These, either from (their}

gtate vel similitudine cure, appellabantur
age or from tiie similitude of (their) care, were called
9x

Caieaeee Riienaae a niente ee tae eT OTe

sath iad etthaeetheanenee teen een einen—
=
i“
Ls
Be
=
:
:
|

aaa

See ol aad att oe re a ae

Perey Viator yt ees er —
Peer Loerar errs PR Seaeerer ge seen crn stv Tre Wear CIEE ESTO NCES eT)

tea ae bewaia ed

Phy ea E = re et
ae ine eid eh eer hue te ete NC LY

SNe erste ste

| oe

    
   
 
  
  
    
   
   
   
  
  
   
 
  
   
   
  
    
   
  
  
 
 
   
  
  
  
   
     

is SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

Patres. Post ubi regium imperium, quod
Yathers. Afterwards when the royal government, which

initio fuerat libertatis
in the beginning had been (established) (for the sake) of liberty

conservande, atque reipublicz augends, convertit
to-be-preserved, and of the republic to-be-increased, turned

in superbiam que dominationem, more
(itself) into pride and tyranny, (their) practice

immutato, fecére sibi annua  imperia,
having been changed, they made for themselves annual governments,

binos imperatores: eo modo putabant humanum

two rulers: by that means they did think the human
animum posse minimé insolescere per licentiam.
mind to-be-able least to-grow-insolent through excess-of-power.
Sed ef tempestate capére quisque extollere
But at that time they began each to extol
se magis que magis, que habere
(exert) himself more and more, and to have (his)
ingenium in promptu: nam boni
understanding in readiness: for good [and talented] (men)
sunt suspectiores regibus quam mali; que
are more-suspected to kings than bad [and stupid]; and
aliena virtus est semper formidolosa his.
strange (another’s) virtue is always formidable to these.
Sed est incredibile memoratu, quantum civitas
But it is incredible to be recorded, how-much the state
creverit brevi, libertate
may have increased (increased) in a-short-time, liberty
adepta : tanta cupido gloriz incesserat.

having been obtained: so-great a desire of glory had come-in.

Jamprimum juventus, simul-ac erat

Now-first the youth, as-soon-as it was (they were)
patiens _ belli, discebat in castris militiam
able-to-endure war, did learn in the camps war
usu per laborem; que habebat lubidinem
from habit through exercise ; and did have pleasure

magis in decoris armis, et militaribus equis, quam
rather in beautiful arms, and military horses, thanSALLUSTII CATILINA. 19

in scortis atque conviviis. Igitur labos erat non

in harlots and banquets. Therefore labour was not
insolitus talibus viris, non-ullus locus asper aut
unusual to-such men, not-any place rough or
arduus ; armatus hostis non formidolosus:
difficult (inaccessible) ; an armed enemy [was] not formidable :
virtus domuerat omnia. Sed maxumum certamen
virtue had subdued all (things). But a very-great contest
glorie erat inter ipsos: quisque properabat ferire
for glory was among them: each did hasten to strike

hostem, ascendere murum, conspici dum _ §faceret
the enemy, to scale the wall, to be-beheld whilst he might do

tale facinus: putabant eas divitias,

(did perform) such enterprise: they did think these riches,
eam bonam famam, que magnam nobilitatem.
that good fame, and great nobility (distinction),
Erant vidi laudis, liberales pecuniz; volebant
They were desirous of praise, liberal of money; they did will
ingentem gloriam, honestas divitias. Possem
(wished for) great glory, honourable riches. I could
memorare in quibus  locis Romanus populus
to relate in what places the Roman people
fuderit maxumas copias hostium parva

may have routed (routed) very-great forces of the enemies with a small

manu; quas urbes munitas natur4
band ; what cities fortified by nature (they) [the Roman people]

ceperit pugnando, nl ea res
may have taken (they took) in-fighting, unless that thing
traheret nos longius ab incepto. Sed
would draw ius farther (too far) from (our) undertaking. But

profecto fortuna dominatur in omni re; ea celebrat

indeed fortune controls in every thing; she celebrates
que obscurat cunctas res magis ex lubidine
and eclipses (depresses) all things rather from caprice
quam ex vero. Res geste

than from truth (merit). The things carried-on (deeds)
Atheniensium, sicut ego existumo, fuere satis

of the Athenians, as I think, have been sufticiently

    
      
     
    
        
     
        
      
    
     
         
    
   
     
    
     
    
      
  

ealdichte dite ben cinieian aera tread or be eeePTT EULL Ain Bhat,

ay

art

eee
Soll iad toll cook od lah nia

eee tere ee Ore eas

Si Dt Bis oath beh a AAR A ae na SURE Oh Sek 08 8 ot PL 2h shore aon ot a anak

ee ae ee Cte ee oe re

eae!

ay tat Nim mabe beteiateteteh hebst Atl hEn, thepabeh

20 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

amplee que magnificee; verim tamen aliquante
ample (great) and magnificent; but however by somewhat

minores quam feruntur fami: sed quia
less than they are borne (represented) by fame: but because

magna ingenia seriptorum provenere  ibi,
great understandings (abilities) of writers sprang-up _ there,

facta Atheniensium celebrantur per  terrarum
the deeds of the Athenians are celebrated through the whole

orbem pro maxumis. Ita virtus eorum, qui

world for the greatest. So the virtue of those, who
fecere ea, habetur tanta, quantum
have done those (things), is accounted so-great, as

preclara  ingenia potuere extollere
the brilliant understandings (of their writers) have beenable to extol

ea, verbis. At ea copia nunquam
them [by their writings]. But that abundance (of writers) never
fuit Romano populo: quia, quisque
has been to the Roman people: because each
rudentissimus erat maxumé negotiosus: nemo
most-skilful (man) was most active : no-one
exercebat ingenium sine corpore: quisque
did exercise the understanding without the body: each
optumus malebat facere quam dicere ;

best (man) did rather-wish to do than to say {and to have];

sua benefacta laudari ab aliis, quam ipse narrare

his-own good-deeds to be praised by others, than he to relate
aliorum. Tgitur boni mores

(those) to others. Therefore good manners (practices)

colebantur domi, que militize

were celebrated [cultivated] at-home, and  at-war (in the camp) (their)

concordia erat maxuma, avaritia minuma, jus
unanimity was very-great, (their) selfishness very-small, justice

que bonum valebat apud eos non magis legibus
and good did prevail among them not more by laws

quim natura. Exercebant jurgia,
than by nature. They did exercise (practise) contentions,

discordias, simultates cum hostibus; cives certabant
dissords, feuds with the enemies; citizens did vieSALLUSTII CATILINA. at

clvibus de _-virtute. Erant
with citizens concerning virtue [in deeds of valour]. They were
magnifici in suppliciis deorum, parci

magnificent in (their) worships (worship) of the gods, frugal

domi, fideles in amicos. Curabant
of (at) home, faithful toward (their) friends. They did manage

que se que rempublicam his duabus artibus,
both themselves and the republic by these two arts

audacié in bello, squitate, ubi pax
practices), by boldness in war, by equity, when peace

avenerat. Quarum rerum ego habeo hee maxuma
Aad happened. Of which things I have these very-great

documenta, quod in bello vindicatum est
proofs, that in war  it-was-vindicated (punishment was

seepllis in eos, qui pugnaverant in  hostem
visited) oftener on those, who had fought against the enemy

contra imperium, que qui _revocati, excesserant
contrary-to command, and who having been recalled, had departed

tardits preelio, quam qui
more slowly (tooslowly) from battle, than (on those) who
ausi-erant relinquere signa, aut pulsi

had-dared _ to leave-behind (their) standards, or having been repulsed

cedere loco: vero agitabant imperium
to retire from place (their post): but they did conduct the government

in pace, magis beneficiis quam metu, injuria

in peace, rather by kindnesses than by fear, an injury
accepta, malebant ignoscere quam
having been received, they did rather-wish to pardon than
persequi. Sed ubi respublica revit labore
to avenge (it). But when therepublic increased by industry
atque justitia, magni reges domiti bello;
and justice, [when] great kings (were) conquered in war;
ferze nationes, et ingentes populi subacti
savage nations, and great peoples (people) subdued
V1, Carthago, emula Romani _ imperii,
by force, [when] Carthage, the rival of the Roman empire,
interiit ab stirpe, cuncta

perished from (its) stem, (was wholly destroyed), [when] allA Pp ” = ee ” _ > ere
Sas a setetid Petr ett tere Chee ee Ue ear! OPEL Anti GRE TS Lal sbEbt sod ot od eile bad te ot as ie Ai Add kha dad an beeen

Se liek ented ot ae oe ee

Se eed a el eae eee ee ee eee ete

92 BALLUSTIY CATILINA.

maria que terre patebant, fortuna ccepit sevire
Beas and lands did lie-open, fortune began to rage

ac miscere omnia. Otium, divitize,
and confound all (things). Peace, [repose] riches, (things)

optandse  aliis, fuere  onerl que
to be wished to others, [for by some] were for a burden (a burden) and

miserise iis, qui facile toleraverant dubias
wretchedness to those, who easily had endured doubtful (eritical)

atque asperas res. Igitur primd cupido pecunie,
and rough things. Therefore at-first the desire of money,
dein imperii, crevit: ea fuere quasi materies
then of command, increased: those were as-if the source

omnium malorum. Namque avaritia subvertit fidem,
of all evils. For avarice overturned faith,

probitatem, que ceteras bonas artes; pro
honesty, and other good arts (qualities); instead-of

his edocuit superbiam crudelitatem, negligere
these it taught (them) pride, cruelty, to neglect

deos, habere omnia venalia; ambitio subegit
the gods, tohave all things venal ; ambition compelled

multos mortales fieri falsos; habere aliud
many mortals to be made (become) false; to have one

clausum in pectore, aliud promptum in
(thing) shut-up in the breast, another ready on (the)
lingua; estumare amicitias que inimicitias non
tongue; to estimate friendships and enmities not

ex re, sed ex commodo;
according-to the thing (moral worth), but according-to advantage;

que habere bonum vultum magis quam
and tohave agood (fair) countenance rather than (an honest)

ingenium. Hee primo crescere paulatim,
disposition. These  at-first (began) to increase by-degrees,

interdum vindicari. Post ubi contagio, quasi
sometimes tobe punished. Afterwards when the contagion,  as-if

pestilentia invasit, clvitas iImmutata :
a pestilence invaded (them), the state (was) changed:

imperium factum crudele que intolerandum,
the government (was) made cruel and intolerabie,SALLUSTIY CATILINA. 23

ex justissimo que optumo. |\Sed primo ambitio
from the most-just and __ the best. But at-first ambition

exercebat animos hominum magis quam avaritia:
did exercise the minds of men more than avarice:

quod vitium tamen erat propius virtutem.
which vice [of ambition] however was nearer-to virtue.

Nam bonus ignavus squé exoptant sibi

For the good (and) the indolent equally wish for themselves

gloriam, honorem, imperium, sed ille

glory, honour (preferment) authority, but he [the ambi-
nititur vera. vid;

tious man] (the former) endeavours (for them) in the true way [by ho-

quia bone artes desunt huic,
nourable means]; because good arts (qualities) are-wanting to this

contendit dolis atque fallaciis.
(the latter), [avarice], he strives (for them) bydeceits and fallacies.

Avaritia habet studium pecuniz, quam nemo

Avarice has a zeal [and desire] of money, which no
saplens concupivit. Ha, quasi imbuta malig
wise (man) has coveted. It, as-if imbued with bad

venenis, effoeminat corpus que virilem animum: est

poisons, enervates the body and manly mind : is
semper infinita, insatiabilis: neque minuitur
always unbounded, insatiable : neither is [it] lessened

copia neque inopia. Sed postquam Lucius Sulla,
by plenty nor by want. But after Lucius Sylla,

republica recepta armis, habuit malos
the republic having been recovered by arms, had bad (unsuccess-

eventus ex bonis initiis; omnes rapere
ful) results from good _ beginnings; all (began) to-plunder

trahere : alius cupere domum, alius
to-draw (to take away): another (one) tocovet ahouse, another

agros. Victores habere neque modum
lands. [That] the conquerors to have [had] neither manner (bounds)

neque modestiam : facere foeda que
nor modesty (moderation): todo [and did] disgraceful and

crudelia  facinora in civis. Hue
cruel crimes against (their) fellow-citizens. Hither

. os aiatesendene set thittune neteteastibmiion Mitte enim ie aSee won ad ot oar cen ueed are seer es vt ea Sead Seer Vita Seraaer Purcra lu ettie rs ol caters ot eee bre er testa, brea kat ar aay

eer os

ieee died ed eae ia ela Rae ta ee Ce ee ote ae ee aparmentebetetest

Se eee ea ate we eee Ie eee Om Oe

i tobistaehialahe

Ce eee

PPR P ene en ee eae

24 SALLUSTIIL CATILINA.

accedebat quod Lucius Sulla, contra
did come (to this was to be added), that Lucius Sylla, contrary-te
morem majorum, habuerat exercitum,
the custom of (our) ancestors, had (treated) the army,
quem ductaverat in Asia, luxuriosé que nimis
which he had often-led in Asia, intemperately and toe
liberaliter, quo faceret fidum sibi.
liberally, in-order-that he might make (it) faithful to himself,

Ameena, voluptaria loca facilé molliverant ferocis
Pleasant, voluptuous places easily had enervated the fierce

feroces) animos militum in otio. Ibi primim

minds of the soldiers in peace. There first
exercitus Romani populi _insuevit amare,
the army of the Roman people became-accustomed to love,

potare, mirari signa, pictas tabulas,
to drink, to admire signs, (statues), painted tablets (pictures),

celata vasa; rapere ea privatim et publicé,
carved vases; to plunder those (things) privately and _ publicly,

spoliare delubra, polluere omnia sacra que
to rob shrines (temples), to pollute all (things) sacred and
profana. I=gitur hi milites, postquam adepti-sunt
profane. Therefore these soldiers, after they obtained
victoriam,  fecere nihil reliqui
a victory, made nothing of remaining (left nothing,
victis. Quippe secunde res fatigant

to the vanquished. For [indeed] prosperous things fatigue (try)

animos saplientium ; ne illi temperarent
the minds of the wise; much less could they-moderately-enjoy
victoriz, moribus corruptis. Postquam
victory, (their) manners having been corrupted. After
divitis coepere esse  honori, et gloria,
riches began tobe for honour (an honour), and glory,
imperium, potentia sequebatur eas: virtus ccepit
authority, power did follow them: virtue began
hebescere, paupertas haberi probro,

tc languish, poverty to be had (accounted) for a disgrace,

innocentia duci pro malevolentif. IRgitur ex
junocence to be deemed for ill-will. Therefore »sut-ofSALLUSTII CATILINA. OF

divitiis, luxuria, atque avaritia, cum _ superbid,
riches, luxury, and avarice, with pride

invasere juventutem. Rapere, consumere,
invaded the youth. (They began) to plunder, to consume,

pendere sua parvi, cupere aliena ;
to esteem their-own (things) of little (value), to desire others ;

habere pudorem, pudicitiam, divina atque humana

tc have modesty, chastity, divine and human
promiscua, nihil pensi, neque
(things) promiscuous (undistinguished), nothing of regard, nor
moderati.
of moderation. [They disregarded these things, and acted without re-
Est pretium oper quum
straint]. Itis areward of labour (it is worth while), when
cognoveris domos atque villas
thou shalt have known (have viewed) houses and villas

exeedificatas in modum urbium, visere  templa
built-up in the manner of cities, to visit the temples

deorum, que nostri majores, religiosissimi mortales,
of the gods, which our ancestors, most-devout mortals,

fecere. Vertm illi decorabant delubra deorum
made. But they did adorn the temples of the gods

pietate, suas domos glorid; neque  eripiebant
with piety, their-own houses’ with glory; nor did they snatch

quidquam victis preeter licentiam
any (thing) from the vanquished, cxcept the privilege of (doing)

injurie. At hi, contra ignavissimi homines,
injury. But these, on-the-other-hand, most-indolent men,

adimere, per summum scelus, omnia ea
(began) to take-away, through the utmost wickedness, all those

sociis que fortissimi virl victores

(things) from (their) allies which the bravest men (when) conquerors
reliquerunt hostibus,  proinde-quasi facere
left to (their) enemies, just-as-if to de
injuriam, id esset demum uti imperio.
an injury, that might be at-length (truly) touse authority.
Nam quid memorem ea, quee sunt credibilia
are eredible

For why maylrelate those (things), which

2rot YU SOTeOPaee ee ReePaL a turerst el ties a One tar enGr ary

nial stipe chen cL be eE Le aie Loe

eb BA GAT bmi mpm wih ur om bib fa feeder haste st oto

nee ee cette te eae eee ed

ee et

26 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

nemini, nisi his, qui videre; montes
to no-one, unless to those, who have seen (them); [that] mountains

esse subversos, maria constrata a
[have] to be overturned, seas covered-over (built upon) by
compluribus privatis ? Quibus divitie videntur
many private (persons)? To whom _ riches appear

mihi fuisse ludibrio: quippe properabant abuti

to me to have been for mockery: for they did hasten to abuse

per turpitudinem, quas licebat habere
through baseness (the riches), which it was-lawful to have

honesté. Sed non minor lubido stupri, ganee,
honourably. But no less alust of impurity, debauchery,

que ceterl culttis, incesserat. Viri
and [of] other-such habit, had invaded (them). Men (began)

pati muliebria : mulieres habere
to suffer (admit) womanish (practices): women to have

pudicitiam in propatulo: exquirere omnia
chastity in common : to search-out all (things)

terra que mari, caus4 vescendi, dormire priusquam
byland and by oe for-the-sake of Sedna, to sleep before-that

cupido somni_ esset: non opperiri famem
inclination of sleep might-be (to them): not to-wait-for hunger

aut sitim, neque frigus neque lassitudinem: sed
or thirst, neither cold nor lassitude ; but

antecapere omnia ea luxu. Hee incendebant
to anticipate all those byluxury. These (things) did inflame

juventutem ad facinora, ubi familiares opes
the youth to crimes, when family (private) resources

defecerant. Animus imbutus malis artibus,

had failed (them). Themind imbued with bad arts (ornatives),

haud facilé carebat _lubidinibus: e0 erat

not easily did refrain-from lusts: on-this-account it was
profusiis deditus  questui atque sumptui

the more-lavishly addicted to acquisition and expenditure

omnibus modis.

mn all manners.

In tanté que tam corrupta civitate, Catilina

Ir  so-great and so corrupted a state, CatilineSALLUSTIL CATILINA. oT

habebat, (id quod erat facillimum factu), catervas
did have, (that which was very-easy to-be-done), troops

omnium flagitiosorum atque facinorosorum
of all wicked and desperate (fellows}

circum se, tanquam stipatorum. Nam quicumque
around himself, as-if body-guards. For whatsoever

impudicus, adulter, ganeo laceraverat
unchaste (person), adulterer, debauchee had squandered (his)

patria bona manu, _ ventre, pene; quique
paternal goods by hand, belly (luxury), lust; whosoever

conflaverat grande alienum «gs,
had swelled-up (contracted) a great other’s brass (debt),

quo redimeret flagitium aut
by which hemight redeem (purchase pardon for) wickedness or

facinus; preterea omnes undique parricide,
crime ; besides all [from everywhere the] __ parricides,

sacrilegi convicti judiciis aut timentes
sacrilegious (wretches) convicted in trials or fearing

judicium pro factis; ad-hoc quos
trial for (their) deeds; to-this (moreover) (those) whom

manus atque lingua alebat perjurio et civili
(their) hand and tongue didsupport by perjury and civil

sanguine; postremd, omnes quos flagitium, egestas,
blood ; lastly, all whom villany, want,

conscius animus, exagitabat, hi erant proxumi que
a guilty mind, did harass, these were the nearest and

familiares Catiline. Quod si quis etiam vacuus
familiar to Catiline. But if any-one’ even (yet) free
4 culpa, inciderat in amicitiam ejus, efficiebatur
from fault, had fallen into the friendship of him, he was made

facile par que similis ceteris quotidiano usu atque
easily equal and like to the rest by daily habit and

illecebris. Sed appetebat maxumé familiaritates
allurements. But he sought-after chiefly the intimacies

adolescentium: animi eorum molles et fluxi etate,
of young-men: the minds of these soft and frail by age,

haud difficulter capiebantur dolis. Nam uti

Bt difficultly were taken (ensnared) by wiles. Yor as

     
         
      
     
   
      
   
   
     
   
   
  
   
   
     
  
  
    
  
 
   

ctliliietemeenttn op. tattinn Thatta ue ee= hagn pede +

inlplbdibtibeilodiet aaa anit

ee eee eet A ee te ate Te Cot tL le oe eee ee eee Oe ee Pl Tee Coc, | ae oe eee See ee eae tent ee ee en btetem

ee et as

ee tte at oe Bas

.

28 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

studium cujusque flagrabat ex  eetate,
the inclination of each did glow from age, (he began}

prebere scorta  alliis, mercarl canes atque
to afford harlots to others (some), to buy hounds and

equos altis: postremd, parcere neque sumptui
horses _ for others: finally, to spare neither expense

neque suze modestize, dum faceret
nor his-own modesty (character), provided he could make (them)

obnoxios que fidos sibi. Scio nonnullos  fuisse,
subservient and faithful to himself. I know some to have been,

qui ita existumarent, Juventutem, que
who thus would think (thought), the youth, which

frequentabat domum Catiline, habuisse pudicitiam
did frequent the house of Catiline, to have-had modesty

parim honesté: sed hec fama valebat magis
little (not) honourably: but this report did prevail more

ex aliis rebus, quim quod id foret compertum
from other things, than that it might be (itwas) found-out

cuiquam. Jamprimum Catilina, adolescens,
(known) to any-one. First-of-all Catiline, a young-man,

fecerat multa nefanda stupra cum nobili
had done (committed) many abominable impurities with a noble

virgine, cum  sacerdote Veste, et alia
virgin, with a priestess of Vesta, and _ other (things)

aujuscemodi, contra jus que fas: postremd,
of this-kind, against human-law and divine-law: lastly,

saptus amore Aureliz Orestille, cujus bonus
taken with love of Aurelia Orestilla, of whom a good-man

unquam laudavit nihil preeter formam; qudd
ever praised nothing except (her) beauty; because

ea, timens privignum adult state, dubitabat
she, fearing astepson (of) mature age, did hesitate

nubere illi, creditur pro certo fecisse vacuam
co marry to him, heis believed for certain to have made an empty

domum, _necato filio, scelestis nuptiis. Que
house, [his son being killed], for the wicked nuptials. Which
res quidem videtur mihi in primis fuisse causa
thing indeed seems [tome] chiefly to have been the causeSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 29

facinoris maturandi. Namque
of the enterprise to-be-hastened (of hastening the conspiracy ). For

impurus animus, infestus diis gue hominibus,
{uis) impure mind, hostile togods and to men,

poterat sedari neque vigillis neque quietibus:
was able to be allayed neither by watchings nor by rests (rest):

conscientia ita vexabat excitam mentem. Igitur
his conscience so did harass (his) disturbed mind, Therefore

color el, exsanguis, oculi foedi, incessus
complexion (was) to him pale, eyes foul, (his) gait

modo citus, modo tardus: vecordia inerat  prorsus
now quick, now slow: madness was-in throughout

in facie que  vultu.
in (his) appearance and countenance. [His features indicated fury

Sed edocebat juventutem mala
and malignity ]. But he did teach the youth wicked

facinora, quam, ut diximus supra, illexerat: ex
crimes, which, as we have said above, he had allured: out-of

illis commodare falsos testes que
them (he began) to accommodate (to furnish) false witnesses and

signatores ; habere fidem,
signers (forgers); [and to instruct them] to have (hold) faith,

fortunas, pericula vilia. Post, ubi
fortunes, dangers (as) insignificant, Afterwards, when

attriverat famam atque pudorem eorum,
he had worn-away (ruined) the character and shame of them,

imperabat alia majora. Si caussa peccandi
he did enjoin other greater (crimes). If an opportunity of sinning

miniis-suppetebat in preesens, nihilominus
did-not-offer for the present, nevertheless (he ordered

circumvenire, jugulare insontes  sicuti sontes.

them) to beset, and to murder the innocent as-if guilty.

Scilicet, ne manus aut animus _ torpesceret per
Forsooth, lest the hand or mind might become-sluggislL through

otium; erat malus atque erudelis potiis gratuito.
disuse; he was bad and cruel rather gr~tuitously

Catilina confisus his amicis

(without a purpose). Catiline having relied to (on) thes friends

8 *5 ee eee A 4 aie r Per be) Te errer re eer
sot ol ot pt on cell ciam el ot oN ta et Sood Sean Ura eee A AROS aha EEG led leat os ok ede bon GE trek A) rer ater at Toe to!

oatheto®

Ta het id le ald id oe old ed eS

Ue Leroi

De be or trae it rel oe coke ore

80 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

que sociis, simul quod alienum es
and companions, at-the-same-time because others’ brass (debt,

erat ingens per omnis (omnes) terras ;
was great through all lands (throughout the

et quod _ plerique Sullani milites,
whole country); and because [the greater part of] the Syllanian soldiers,

usl suo largitis, memores rapinarum_ et
having used their-own too-freely, mindful of rapines and

veteris victori#, exoptabant  civile bellum;
and of ancient victory, did eagerly-wish-for _ civil war ;

cepit consilium reipublicee
he took design (entered into a design) of the republic

opprimunde. Nullus exereitus
to be oppressed (of oppressing the republic). No army (was!

in Italid: Cneius Pompeius gerebat bellum in
in Italy: Cneius Pompey did carry-on war in

extremis terris: magna spes ipsi petundi
remotest lands: agreat hope (was) tohim of seeking

consulatum ; senatus sané  intentus nihil :
the consulship ; the senate indeed intent (on) nothing:

omnes res tuts que tranquille: sed ea
all things (were) safe and quiet : but those (things)

prorsus opportuna Catiline. Ivitur  circiter
(were) altogether favourable to Catiline. Therefore about

Junias kalendas, Lucio Cesare et Caio
the Junian kalends (first of June), Lucius Cesar and Caius

Figulo consulibus, primé —appellare
Figulus (being) consuls, (he began) first to address

singulos, hortari alios, tentare alios;
single (persons individually), to exhort some, to try others ;

docere suas opes, rempublicam
to teach (to inform them of) his-own resources, [that] the republic

imparatam, magna premia conjurationis.
[was] unprepared, [and] the great rewards of the conspiracy.

Ubi que voluit exploratasunt satis,
When (the matters) which he willed were considered sufficiently,

convocat omnis (omnes) in unum, quibus
he convokes all into one (place), to-whomSALLUSTIL CATILINA. SI

inerat maxuma necessitudo et
there-was-in (who had) the greatest obligation-of-necessity and
plurimum  audacie.
most of boldness. [Who were the most needy and bold].
Ko convenere Senatorii ordinis, Publius
Hither (there) assembled of the Senatorian order, Publius
Lentulus Sura, Publius Autronius, Lucius Cassius
Lentulus Sura, Publius Autronius, Lucius Cassius
Longinus, Caius Cethegus, Publius et Servius Sulla,
Longinus, Caius Cethegus, Publius and Servius Sylla,

fill Servi, Lucius Vargunteius, Quintus Annius,
sons of Servius, Lucius Vargunteius, Quintus Annius,

Marcus Porcius Leca, Lucius Bestia, Quintus Curius :
Marcus Porcius Lea, Lucius Bestia, Quintus Curius:

preterea ex equestri oordine, Marcus Fulvius
moreover of the equestrian order, Marcus Fulvius

Nobilior, Lucius Statilius, Publius Gabinius Capito,

Nobilior, Lucius Statilius, Publius Gabinius Capito,

Caius Cornelius; ad hoe, multi ex  coloniis,
Caius Cornelius ; to this (besides), many out-of the colonies,

et municipiis nobiles domi.

and municipal (towns) noble (men of distinction) at-home. (There)

Krant preterea complures pauld _— occultits

were moreover many somewhat more-secretly

participes hujusce consilii, quos spes dominationis
partakers of this design, whom the hope of sway

hortabatur magis quam inopia aut alia necessitudo.
did encourage more than want or other obligation.

Ceeterim pleraque juventus, sed maxumé nobilium,

Sut most-of the youth, but chiefly of the nobles
favebat inceptis Catiline. Quibus erat
did favour tothe undertakings of Catiline. To whom (there) was

copia - vivere in otio vel magnificé,
cthey who had) the opportunity to live in peace either magnificently,

vel molliter, malebant incerta
or softly (indulgently), they had-rather uncertain (things)
pro certis, bellum quam pacem Fuere item

for certain, war than peace. (There) were likewise

ia iltemieian a tabetha eet ee ee ee ea

a a eeProee ea SUre etter Esato Ue itt hi sted Ceres oc Ut all i Eat Be |

Sl ol et ot at at oe eae a aero

Se ee ooh Lenten pew terhe tether! be deators

dere talt jhe teg iA ing pad

be Renee eee Vy WNC T Ns raze srawee ae Ee oe

82 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

ef tempestate, qui crederent Marcum
in that time (some), who would believe (did believe) Marous

Licinium Crassum non _ fuisse ignarum  ejus
Licinius Crassus not tohave been ignorant of that

consilii: quia | Cneius Pompeius, invisus  sibi,
design: because Cneius Pompey, odious to him,

ductabat magnum exercitum; voluisse
did often-lead a great army ; to have willed (that he wished)

opes cujusvis crescere contra potentiam illus:
the resources of any-one toincrease against the power of him:

simul confisum, si conjuratio valuisset
at-the-same-time having trusted, if the conspiracy might have prevailed

ge fore facilé
(had prevailed), himself — to be about-to-be (that he would be) easily

principem apud illos.

chief among them.
Sed antea item pauci conjuravere in quibus
But before also afew conspired in (amongst) whom
Catilma: de qua dicam quam
(was) Catiline: of which (conspiracy) I shall speak as

verissume potero. Lucio Tullo, Marco Lepido
most-truly I-shall-be-able. LuciusTullus, Marcus Lepidus (being)

eonsulibus, Publius Autronius, et Publius Sylla,
consuls, Publius Autronius, and Publius Sylla,

consules designati interrogati legibus
the consuls intended (elect) having been-questioned (tried) by the laws

ambitis,  dederant poenas. Paulo-post
of bribery, had given (suffered) punishments, A little-after

Catilina reus pecuniarum repetundarum
Catiline guilty (accused) of moneys to be re-demanded (of extor-

erat-prohibitus petere consulatum; quod
tion) was prevented to seek the consulate ; because

nequiverit  profiteri intra
he had not-been-able to declare (enter his name as candidate) within

legitimos dies. Krat eodem tempore nobilis
the legitimate days. (There) was at-the-same time a noble

adolescens, Cneius Piso summz audacix, egens,
young-man, Cneius Piso, of the utmost _ boldness, needing,SALLUSTII CATILINA. 83

factiosus, quem inopia atque mali mores

factious, whom want and bad morals (principles)

stimulabant ad rempublicam perturbandam.

did stimulate to the republic to-be-disturbed (to disturb the
Consilio communicato, cum

republic). (Their) design having been imparted (to each other), with

hoe, Catilina et Autronius, circiter nonas
this (youth), Catiline and Autronius, about the nones (the fifth)

Decembris, parabant interficere Lucium Cottam et
of December, did prepare to kill Lucius Cotta, and

Lucium Torquatum, consules, in capitolio, kalendis
Lucius Torquatus, the consuls, in the capitol, on the kalends

Januarii; ipsi, _— fascibus correptis,
(the first) of January; themselves, thefasces having been seized

mittere Pisonem cum exercitu ad
(by them), (prepared) to send Piso with an army to

duas Hispanias obtinendas.
the two Spains to-be-possessed (to take possession of the two

Ea re cognita, rursus transtulerunt
Spains). That thing having been known, again they transferred

consilium cedis in nonas
(deferred) (their) design of murder to thenones (the fifth)

Februarii. Jam, tum  machinabantur perniciem
of February. Now, at-that-time they did plan destruction

non medo consulibus, sed plerisque senatoribus.
not only forthe consuls, but most-of the senators.

Quod, pessimum facinus foret patratum eo die
But, the worst act would be committed onthat day

post urbem Romam _  conditam,
since the city Rome having been built, [foundation of the city],

ni Catilina maturdsset
unless Catiline might have hastened (had not Catiline been too hasty)

dare signum soclis pro curia. Quia
to give the signal to(his) companions before the senate-house. Because

armati nondum-convenerant frequentes,
armed (men) had-not-as-yet assembled numerous (in numbers),
ea res diremit consilium. Postea Piso

that thing broke-off (their) design. Afterwards Piso

 

nhl eian nb thal endentiionetion hin dininmentn ances Tae. ae Leefeo ee ye Urartu er acral alarGr gis.

Soe lace et net oie ee a are et eee

Sieh ates

ce eemie ett et biel ae ele cn eet eer atte She cee

een oa a Tce eee Lee tee es

BP eee aa ee et oe on See ee

84 SALLUSTIT CATILINA.

missus-est questor pro Pretore |
was sent (as) treasurer for Pretor (with the authority of Pretor,

in citeriorem Hispaniam, Crasso adnitente;
to hither Spain, Crassus exerting (using his in-

quod cognoverat eum  infestum Cneio
terest); because he had known him hostile ta Cneius

Pompeio: tamen, senatus neque invitus dederat
Pompey : however, thesenate neither reluctant had given

provinciam : quippe
the province: [the senate willingly gave him the province]: for

volebat foedum hominem abesse procul
it (they) did will a disgraceful man to be-absent at-a-distance

a republicd: simul quia complures boni
from the republic: at-the-same-time because many good (men)

putabant presidium in eo, et jam-tum potentia
did suppose a protection(to be) in him, and even-then the power

Cneii Pompeii erat formidolosa. Sed is Piso, faciens

of Cneius Pompey was formidable. But that Piso, making
iter in provinciam occisus-est ab

@ journey (on his march) into the province was-killed by
Hispanis equitibus, quos ductabat in exercitu.
Spanish cavalry, whom he did lead-often in (his) army.
Sunt qui ita-dicant

[That he had in his army]. (There) are (those) who thus may say

barbaros nequivisse
(who say) [that] the barbarians to have been-unable [were unable]

pati injusta, superba, crudelia imperia
to endure the unjust (unreasonable), proud, cruel orders

ejus: autem alii illos equites, veteres que
of him: but others (say that) those horsemen, old and

fidos clientes Cneii Pompeii, aggressos
fuithful dependants of Cneius Pompey, having attacked (attacked)

Pisonem voluntate ejus: preterea Hispanos
Piso by the will of him(Pompey): moreover the Spaniards

nunguam __ fecisse tale facinus, sed  antea
never to have done (did) such a crime, but before-this

perpessos multa seva imperia. Nos relinquimus
having endured many harsh commands. We leaveSALLUSTII CATILINA, 34

ab

eam rem in medio

Dictum
that thing in the middle (undetermined). (It has been) said
Satis de superiori
suficiently (sufficient has been said) concerning the former
conjuratione.
conspiracy.

Catilina, ubi videt eos, quos memoravi ante,
Catiline, when he sees those, whom I have mentioned before,

convenisse, tametsi Sepe-egerat multa
to have assembled, although he had-often-transacted many (things)

cum singulis, tamen credens fore In
with each (of them), yet believing to-be-about-to-be to
rem appellare et cohortari _universos
the thing (purpose) to address and encourage al]
secessit in abditam partem sedium ;
(collectively), retired into @ secret part of the houses
atque, omnibus arbitris amotis procul,
(house); and, all witnesses removed at-a-distance,
habuit ibi orationem hujuscemodi:
had (delivered) there a speech of-this-kind :
Ni vestra virtus que fides foret satis
Unless your valour and faith might be (were) sufficiently
spectata mihi, opportuna res
beheld (tried) to (by) me, (this) favourable thing
cecidisset nequicquam : magna  spes
would have happened to-no-purpose:; [the] great hope
dominationis fuisset frustra in manibus :
of ascendency would have been in-vain in (your) hands:
neque captarem incerta pro certis,

neither would I grasp-at uncertain (things) instead-of certain,

per ignaviam aut vana ingenia. Sed quia

tarough indolence or fickle dispositions. But because

cognovi vos fortes que fidos mihi, multis et
Ihave experienced you brave and faithful to me, on many and
magnis tempestatibus; ed animus ausus-est
great occasions; on-that-account (my) mind has dared
incipere maxumum atque pulcherrumum

to begin (undertake) the greatest and most-glorious

  
  
 
  
 
   
 
   
  
  
 
 
    
  
 
   
  
    
      
   
   
    
  
  
    
 
 
 
   
    
  
 
 
   
  
    
     

lel ote co el ee ine a ee es

no te alana enliipe Sihaihihliain ijwineticaienip ah iitiptoatesinre a aT a erat ae ar isar an)

Ol el eat ott stent nt ae Teer tt Eo ere

Feet job y hg Bat bg 42h Balmer meee oe ted gine ne bobs bh eae re earelte batt at ot ited

eee te oer cel Dee

Sa see a

OT ed te ee a LN eee Ae SET we een es

86 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

facinus; = simul quia intellexi eadem
enterprise; at-the-same-time because [I perceived the same (things)
esse bona que mala vobis, que mihi. Nam,
tobe good and bad toyou, which (are so) to me. For,
velle idem, atque nolle idem, ea est demum
to will the same, and _ not-to-will the same, this is finally
firma amicitia. Sed omnes jam-antea diversi
firm friendship. But (you) all already different
audistis, que ego agitavl

(separately) have heard (the things) which I have agitated in (my)

mente. Cstertim animus accenditur magis in dies,
mind. But (my) mind is inflamed more on days

ciim considero que sit futura  conditio
(daily), when consider what maybe the future condition

vite, nisi vindicamus nosmetipsos
of (our) life, unless we vindicate ourselves (assert our rights)

in libertatem. Nam, postquam respublica concessit
to liberty. For, after the republic yielded

in jus atque ditionem paucorum potentium,
into the rule and authority of a few powerful (persons),

reges, tetrarchz esse semper vectigales illis:
kings, [and] tetrarchs (began) to be always tributary to them:

populi, nationes pendere stipendia :
peoples (people), [and] nations to pay taxes [to them]: (we)

omnes ceteri strenui, boni, nobiles atque ignobiles
all the rest strenuous, good, noble and ignoble

fuimus vulgus, sine gratia, sine auctoritate,
have been arabble, without favour (interest), without authority,

obnoxil his quibus, si respublica  valeret,
subservient tothose to whom, if the republic might prevail

essemus formidini. Itaque omnis gratia,

(prevailed), we should be foraterror. Therefore all interest,
potentia, honos, divitiz sunt apud illos, aut ubi
power, honour, riches are at (with) them, or where

volunt: reliquerunt nobis pericula, repulsas, judicia,

they will: they have left tous dangers, repulses, trials,
egestatem. Que quousque-tandem, fortissimi

want. Which (things) how-long, bravestSALLUSTIT CATILINA.

 

37

virl,  patiemini? |= Nonne-prestat  emori per
men, will ye endure? Is-it-not- better to die by

virtutem, quam amittere miseram atque inhonestam
valour, than tolose awretched and dishonourable

vitam per dedecus, ubi fueris
fife by disgrace, when thou mayest have been (hast been)

ludibrio alienge superbie? Verdm
for a laughing-stock to strange (another’s) pride? But

enimvero, prd fidem defim atque hominum, victoria
truly, 0 faith of gods and of men, victory

est nobis in manu; etas viget,
is tous in_ hand, [in our possession]; (our)age flourishes, (our)

animus valet: contra omnia consenuerunt
mind prevails: on-the-other-hand all (things) have-grown-old

illis annis atque divitiis. Kst opus tantummodo
to them in years and riches. (There) is need only

incepto, res expediet cetera.
fora beginning, thing (the matter itself) will prepare the rest,

Ktenim quis mortalium, cui est virile
For who of mortals, to whom (there) is amanly

ingenlum, potest tolerare divitias superare _ illis,
disposition, can endure riches to abound to them,

quas profundunt in exstruendo
[them to abound in riches], which they squander in building

mari, et montibus cozquandis,
(narrowing) thesea, and mountains to-be-levelled (in levelling moun-

familiarem rem deesse nobis etiam
tains), private thing (property) to-be-wanting to us even

ad necessaria.
to (for) necessary (matters). [While we want the necessaries of life].

Tllos continuare binas domos aut
(Who can endure) those to extend two (united) houses or

araplius : ullum familiarem larem
more fin one]: any private household-god (abode)

nusquam nobis?
no-where to-us? [While we have no where a home of our own].

Ciim emunt tabulas, signa, toreumata diruunt
When they buy pictures, statues, chased-vessels (plate), pull-down

4

    
   
   
   
      
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
    
  
  
  
    
 
 
   
  
   
  
 

li lilietaeesiaten ta-deithe thee teeteet te ne e

lean Neca ce hee

Satine

odNe ee aca at een Mahe Eee ee Eee EEL TEE ATLTTRALE TIPTREE ALAAELER Laat ATE al oc aten abate a Mila MPertroramear on a

Stated tal te tha at ale a an te ee ee ee ee a ee eed

Se ete cee Ee tear oma ras

88 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

nova, edificant alia: postremd, trahunt,
new ‘buildings), build others: finally, draw (consume }

vexant pecuniam omnibus modis; tamen
torture money [squander money] in all manners ; yet

nequeunt vincere suas divitias summa lubidine.
are-unable toexceed their riches by the utmost extravagance

At inopia est nobis domi, alienum-zs
(of expenditure). But want is to-us at-home, debt

foris, res mala, spes multo asperior.
abroad, thing (our situation) bad, hope by-much rougher (worse)

Denique, quid reliqui habemus

Finally, what of remaining have-we (what have we left)
preter | miseram animam? Quin igitur
except a wretched life ? But therefore
expergiscimini? En! illa, ila libertas, quam
do ye awake? Lo! that, that liberty, which
optastis spe; preterea divitiz, decus, gloria,
you have wished-for often ; besides riches, honour, glory,
sita-sunt in oculis: fortuna posuit omnia ea
are-placed in eyes (view): fortune has placed all those (as)
premia  victoribus. Res, tempus,
rewards to the conquerors. The thing (circumstance), time,
pericula, egestas, magnifica spolia belli hortentur
dangers, want, the magnificent spoils of war may exhort

Xx x ° e e
vos magis quam mea oratio. Utemini me vel

you more than my speech. Yeshalluse me either (as}
imperatore vel milite: neque animus neque
general or (fellow) soldier: neither (my) mind nor
corpus  aberit a vobis. Consul agam, ut
body shall be-absent from you. (As) consul Ishall-do, as
spero, hzec ipsa una vobiscum: nisi forte

Ihope, those very (things) together with you: unless by chance

animus fallit me, et vos parati-estis
my) mind deceive me, and you have been prepared (disposed)
servire Magis quam imperare.
to serve rather than to command.

Postquam homines  accepere ea,
After the men received (heard) those (things),BALLUSTII CATILINA.

89

quibus omnia mala erant abundé, sed neque res

to whom all evils were abundantly, but neither thing
neque ulla bona spes: tametsi videbatur

{property) nor any good hope: although it did seem
lis magna merces movere quieta; tamen
to them a great reward to move quiet (things); notwithstanding
plerique postulare uti proponeret, que
many (began) to require that he would propose, what
foret conditio belli: que premia peterent

would be the condition of war: what rewards they might seek

armis: quid que ubi opis aut spei _ haberent.
by arms: what and where of resource or of hope they might have.

Tum Catilina polliceri novas tabulas
Then Catiline (began) to promise new tablets (a remission of

proscriptionem _locupletium, magistratus,
debts), @ proscription of the wealthy, magistrates,

sacerdotia, rapinas, omnia alia que bellum
priesthoods, rapines, all other (things) which war

atque lubido victorum  fert: preeterea,
and [the] lust of conquerors bears (brings): moreover,

Pisonem esse in citeriore Hispania, Publium
[that] Piso to be (was) in _hither Spain, Publius

Sittium Nucerinum cum exercitu in Mauritania,
Sittius Nucerinus with an army in Mauritania,

participes sui consilii: Caium Antonium
partakers of his design : [that] Caius Antony

petere consulatum, quem _speraret
to seek [sought] theconsulship, whom _ he would hope (he hoped)

fore collegam_ sibi, hominem et
to-be-about-to-be [would be a] colleague tohimself, aman and

familiarem et circumventum omnibus
(both) familiar and beset by all

necessitudinibus : ane
obligations: [his familiar acquaintance, and under many obligations to

se consulem facturum
him]: himself (Catiline) consul about-to-make (would make)

initium agendi cum eo. Ad-hoc increpabat
a beginning of acting with him, Besides he did revile

  
      
   
     
      
     
   
     
    
    
    
    
     
  
  
  
 
    
  
   
   
  
  
   

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ERE ST treet tee ve REWER ETE

jipapbahlbebed eaten ictin,

   
    
     
  
   
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
   
 
    
  
   
   
    
   
   
  
   

40 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

maledictis omnes _ bonos: nominans
[with imprecations] all good (men): naming

unumquemque suorum, laudare, admonere
each of his own, (he began) to praise (him), to remind

alium egestatis, alium sux  cupiditatis,
one of (his) poverty, another of his desire,

complures periculi aut ignominiz, multos Sullana
many of danger or disgrace, many of the Syllanias

victoris, quibus ea fuerat pred. Postquam
of victory, to whom __ that had been for booty. Afte1

videt animos omnium alacris (alacres); cohortatus,
hesees the minds of all cheerful ; having exhorted

ut haberent suam  petitionem
(them), that they would have his petition (canvass)

cure,
for a concern, [that they would exert themselves in his canvass for the con-

dimisit conventum. Fuere ea tempestate,

sulship], he dismissed the assembly. There have been at that time,
qui dicerent Catilinam, oratione

(those) who might say (said) [that] Catiline, the speech
habita, circumtulisse in pateris

having been delivered, to have carried-about [carried about] in goblets

sanguinem humani corporis, permixtum vino cum

the blood of a human body, [mingled with wine] when
adigeret populares Sul sceleris ad
he would force the accomplices of his wickedness to

jusjurandum; inde cum omnes degustavissent

an oath; then when all might have tasted (had tasted)
post exsecrationem, sicutl consuevit fieri in
after the execration (oath), as has been-wont to be done in
solemnibus  sacris, aperuisse suum  consilium;
solemn sacred-rites, to have disclosed [his] design ;
atque dictitare fecisse
and to say-frequently [that they frequently said] to have done
€0, quo forent magis

(that he did it) for-this-purpose, in-order-that they might be more

fidi inter se, conscil alius alii tanti
faithful among themselves, (being) censcious one to another of so-greatSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 4]

facinoris. Nonnulli existumabant et hee,
a crime. Some did think and (both) these (things),

et multa praterea ficta ab iis, qui credebant
and many besides feigned by those, who did believe

invidiam Ciceronis, que postea
the envy (hatred) of (against) Cicero, which afterwards
orta-est, leniri atrocitate sceleris eorum,
arose, to be assuaged by the heinousness of the wickedness of those,
qui dederant penas. Ka res comperta-est
who _ had given (suffered) punishments. That thing has been found-out
nobis parum ro

[to us] little (insufficiently) for (in proportion to) (its)
magnitudine.

greatness. [The proof seems not to us sufficient to decide in so weighty

Sed Quintus Curius fuit in ef
an accusation |. But Quintus Curius was in that

conjuratione, natus haud obscuro loco,
conspiracy, born not inobscure place (honourably de-

coopertus flagitiis atque facinoribus; quem

scended), overwhelmed with villanies and crimes ; whom
censores amoverant  senatu gratia probri.
the censors had expelled from the senate on-account of disgrace,
Non minor vanitas quam audacia
No less vanity [and indiscretion] than boldness
inerat huic homini: neque  reticere
was-in [appertained] to this man : [nor] to keep-secret

quee ipse audierat, neque
[could he keep secret] what (things) he had heard, nor
occultare suamet scelera; prorsus

to conceal [nor could he conceal] his-own crimes; _ [nor in-short

habebat quicquam pensi neque dicere neque facere.
had-he any care neither to say nor to do.]

Vetus consuetudo
[In short he cared not what he said or did], An old habit

stupri erat ei cum Fulvia, nobili muliere, cui
of intrigue was tohim with fFulvia, anoble woman, to whom

ciim esset mints gratus, quod minus-poterat
when he might be(he was) less agreeable, because he-was-less-able

4 *

    
    
     
     
       
     
     
   
   
   
   
     
     
   
  
    
    
  
 
   
  
 
 

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a One ke ee ee setetethtee ned—
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Ce a et ete oT eee eae Se ee eT

th bh tsa pn pepmpebe batut et or etaten

ereee > Dee

Bye ee Bet AGIA eh mer meee te)

eacnnnane

See care Ca ar eee aS

rears

Ne ee oe ee Ss ee

492 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

largiri imopia, repenté glorians, pollicers
to bestow from poverty, suddenly boasting, (he began) to promise
maria que montes, interdum
seas and mountains, (to make great proniises), sometimes

minari ferro ni foret obnoxia
to threaten with iron (the sword), unless she would-be compliant

sibi: postremo, agitare ferocius quam _ solitus-erat.
to him: _in-fine, to-act more-rudely than he had been-wont,.

At Fulvia, caus& insolentiz  Curii cognita,
But Fulvia, the cause of the rudeness of Curius having been known,

habuit non occultum tale periculum reipublice: sed

kept not secret such danger to the republic: but
auctore sublato, narravit compluribus que,
the author having been suppressed, related to many what,

quo modo, audierat de  conjuratione

(and) in what manner, she had heard of the conspiracy

Catiline. Ea res imprimis accendit studia

of Catiline. That thing chiefly kindled _—the zeals (zeal)

hominum ad consulatum mandandum Marco Tullio
of men to theconsulship to-be-committed to Marcus Tullius

Ciceroni. Namque antea

Cicero. [To elect Cicero to the consulship]. For before

pleraque nobilitas sestuabat invidia, et credebat
most-of the nobility did boil with envy, and_ did believe

consulatum quasi pollui, si novus homo
the consulship as-if to be defiled, if anew Iman (a person not

adeptus-foret eum. Sed ubi _ periculum
noble) should have obtained it. But when danger
advenit, invidia atque superbia post-fuere.
approached, envy and pride were postponed (of secondary

Igitur  comitiis habitis, Marcus
consideration). Therefore elections having-been-held, Marcus

Tullius et Caius Antonius declarantur consules.
Tullius and Caius Antony are declared consuls,

Quod factum  primd  concusserat populares
Which deed first had shaken the accomplices

conjurationis. Tamen furor  Catiline neque
of the conspiracy. However the rage of Catiline neitherSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 43

 

minuebatur ; sed agitare plura in-dies ;
was diminished; but (he began) to agitate more (things) every-day ;

parare arma opportunis locis per  Italiam;

to prepare arms in convenient places through Italy ;

portare mutuam pecuniam sumptam sui aut

to convey borrowed money taken on his-own or
fide amicorum, Fesulas, ad quemdam Manlium;

the credit of friends, to Fesule, to a certain Manlius ;

qui postea fuit princeps belli faciundi.

who afterwards was chief of the war to-be-made (of making

Dicitur e& tempestate adscivisse plurimos
war). Heis said at that time to have attached very-many

homines cujuscunque generis sibi; etiam aliquot
men of every kind to himself; also some

mulieres, que primd toleraverant ingentis (ingentes)
women, who first had supported great

sumptus stupro corporis; post ubi estas fecerat
expenses by prostitution of body; afterwards when age had made

modum tantummodo questui, neque  luxuriz,

a bound only to gain, and-not to luxury,
conflaverant grande alienum-es. Catilina
they had contracted a great debt. Catiline
credebat se posse per eas solicitare urbana
did believe himself to be able through these to stir-up city
servitia incendere urbem, vel adjungere
slaveries (slaves) to burn the city, or to attach [them]

sibi, vel interficere viros earum. Sed in his
to him, or to murder the husbands of them. But among these

erat Sempronia, quee szepe commiserat multa facinora
was Sempronia, who often had committed many acts

virilis audaciz. Hee mulier fuit satis fortunata

of manly boldness. This woman was sufliciently happy
genere atque forma, preterea  viro et liberis:
in lineage and beauty, moreover inahusband and children
docta Grecis et Latinis literis: psallere,
iearned in Greek and Latin letters (literature) : to sing,
saltare elegantius quam est

“0 dance [she could sing and dance] more-gracefully than igore Sree rer oh

Swine nd hehe bit AGA FAH Seber monn ion dnd inl mba fA tating atest dp tate P bee peebeiedmimie ceyeice Hh TS pa je jade bebe tn be bela tety ead tly bet ena bel te pops bed tape piece ot aA he

seas

ure Naat

  

44 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

necesse probe: multa ilia que
necessary for a chaste (lady): (she knew) many other (things) whish

sunt instrumenta luxurie: sed omnia
are instruments of luxury: but all (things) (were)

semper cariora ei quam fuit decus atque pudicitia.
always dearer toher than was honour and chastity.

Discerneres haud facilé an  parceret mints

Thou couldst determine not easily whether she would spare less
pecunie an fame; sic accensa lubidine ut
to money or character; 80 inflamed with lust that

peteret viros sepius quam _peteretur.
she would seek men _ oftener than she would be sought (by them).

Sed ea szpé antehac prodiderat fidem, abjuraverat
But she often before-this had betrayed faith, had forsworn

creditum, fuerat conscia cadis, abierat
credit (trust), had been guilty of murder, had gone

preeceps luxuria atque inopia. Verum
headlong __ [into ruin] by luxury and by want. But

ingenium ejus haud absurdum:
the understanding of her (was) not foolish (despicable) :

posse facere versus, movere jocum ;
to be-able [she could] to make verses, to move (excite) jest;

uti vel modesto, vel molli, vel procaci sermone.
to use either modest, or delicate, or wanton discourse.

Prorsus, multze facetiz que multus lepos inerat
Altogether, many pleasantries and much wit was-in

His rebus comparatis, Catilina nihilominus
(her). Those things having been provided, Catiline nevertheless

petebat consulatum in proxumum annum; sperans,
did seek the consulship for the next year; hoping,

si foret designatus, se usurum  facila
if he might be elected, [that] himself about-to-use easily

Antonio ex voluntate.
(would easily manage) Antony according-to (his) will,

Neque interea erat quietus, sed parabat insidias

Neither mean-time was-he quiet, but did prepare snares

Ciceroni omnibus modis. amen, dolus aut astutise

for Cicere in all manners. However, craft or WilesSALLUSTII CATILINA. 45

neque-deerant illi | ad-cavendum. Namque 4a
were-not-wanting to him to-beware, For from

principio sui consulatiis, effecerat, pollicendo
the beginning of his consulship, he had effected, by promising

multa per Fulviam, ut Quintus Curtus, de
many (things) through Fulvia, that Quintus Curius, of

quo memorayi auld anté, proderet consilia
whom I have recorded (spoken) a little before, might betray the designs

Catiline sibi. Ad-hoc perpulerat suum collegam

of Catiline to him. Besides _ he had forced his colleague
Antonium pactione provincie,
Antony by the agreement (promise) of a province,

ne-sentiret contra rempublicam :
that he would not-feel (entertain ill-will) against the republic:
habebat occulté presidia amicorum atque clientium
he did have secretly guards of friends and dependants
circum se. Postquam dies comitiorum venit, et
about himself. When the day of elections came, and
neque petitio Catilinz, neque insidie quas  fecerat
neither the suit of Catiline, nor the snares which he had made

consuli cessére prosperé, constituit facere bellum
for the consul resulted favourably, heresolved to make war

et experiri omnia extrema, quoniam, que
and to try all extreme (things), since, what (things)

tentaverat occulté, evenerant aspera que  foeda.
he had tried secretly, had happened rough and disgraceful.

Igitur § dimisit Caium Manlium  Feesulas,
Therefore he dismissed (sent) Caius Manlius (to) Fesule,

atque in eam partem Htruriz, quemdam Septimium,
and to that part of Etruria, a certain Septimius,

Camertem in Picenum agrum, Caium Julium in
a Camertian to the Picene land, Caius Julius to

Apuliam, preterea alium alio, quem que ubi
Apulia, moreover another to-another-place, whom and where

credebat fore opportunum — sibi. Interea
he did believe to-be-about-to-be suitable to himself, Mean-time

moliri multa Romee simul :
(he began) to contrive many (things) at Rome at-the-same-time:

Sie oeoeeeb an niches hae eae ember

ng neti item nlp mentation ans state een tebd

i

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MEST bl hs eee ee ee teer

   
    
     
     
    
    
     
    
   
      
       
   
    
     
    
   
    
   
   
  
    

SALLUSTIT CATILINA.

tendere insidias consuli ; parare  incendia;
to lay snares for the consul; to prepare burnings;
obsidere opportuna loca armatis hominibus:
to block-up convenient places with armed men :

ipse esse cum telo, item jubere alios,
himself to be with a weapon, also to order others, [he himself was

hortari' uti — essent
armed, and ordered others to be so], to exhort that they might be

semper intenti que parati; festinare dies que

always intent and prepared ; to hasten days and
noctes ; vigilare ;
nights; [he was actively employed day and night]; to watch ;

fatigarl neque insomniis(pl.) neque labore.
to be fatigued neither by-want-of-sleep nor by labour.

Postremo, ubi nihil procedit agitanti multa,
Finally, when nothing succeeds [with him] projecting many

rursus convocat principes conjurationis
(things), again he assembles the chiefs of the conspiracy

intempesta nocte, per Marcum Porcium Lecam,
in untimely night, through Marcus Porcius Laca,

que ibi questus multa de ignavié eorum,
and there having complained many (much) of the indolence of them,

docet se preemisisse Manlium
he informs (them) himself to-have-sent-before (despatched) Manlius

ad eam multitudinem, quam paraverat ad arma

to that multitude, which he had prepared to arms
caplunda ; item alios in alia opportuna
co-be-taken (totake arms); also others to other convenient

loca, qui facerent initium belli; que se
places, who might make (to make) a beginning of war; and himself

cupere proficisci ad exercitum, si
to desire [that he desired] to-set-out to the army, if he might

oppressisset Ciceronem pritis: eum
have (had) destroyed Cicero before: him (Cicero)

officere multtim suis consiliis.
to obstruct much tohis designs. [If he could destroy Cicero before

Igitur,
he departed, as Cicero obstructed him much in his designs]. Therefore,SALLUSTII CATILINA 47

ezeteris perterritis ac dubitantibus, Caius
the rest having been affrighted and hesitating, Caius
Cornelius, Romanus eques, pollicitus suam operam,
Cornelius, a Roman knight, having promised [his] assistance,
et cum eo Lucius Vargunteius, senator,
and with him Lucius Vargunteius, a senator, [they]
constituére e& nocte pauld post, introire cum
appointed on that night alittle after, to go-in with
armatis hominibus ad Ciceronem, sicuti salutatum,
armed men to Cicero, as [if] to salute
et confodere de-improviso imparatum,
[him], and to stab on-a-sudden (him) unprepared,
sue domi. Curius, ubi _ intelligit quantum
at his-own house. Curius, when heunderstands how-great

periculum impendeat consuli, properé enunciat
danger may depend (impends) to the consul, hastily declares

Ciceroni per Fulviam, dolum qui parabatur. Ita
to Cicero through Fulvia, the plot which was prepared. Thus

illi prohibiti janua, susceperant tantum
they having been prohibited from the gate, had-undertaken so-great
facmmus frustrd. Interea Manlius solicitare
a crime in-vain. Mean-time Manlius (began) to solicit
plebem in Etruria, cupidam
(excite to insurrection) the commonalty in Ktruria, desirous
novarum rerum simul egestate, ac
of new things (a revolution) at-the-same-time from want, and
dolore injuriz: quod amiserat

resentment of injury: because (the common people) had lost (their)

agros que omnia bona dominatione Sulle;
lands and all (their) goods by the usurpation of Sylla;

preterea latrones cujuscunque generis, quorum

moreover robbers of every kind, of whom
magna copia erat in ea regione, nonnullos
agreat plenty (number) was in that region, [also] some

ex Sullanis colonis, quibus lubido atque luxuria
of the Syllanian colonists, to whom lust and luxury

fecerant nihil reliqui ex magnis rapinis.
made nothing remaining (left nothing) out-of great  plunders,

  

    
     
   
 
       
      
     
   
   
    
      
   
 
   
     
     
    
    
   
   
     
      
  
    
    
    

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48 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

Cim ea nunciarentur Ciceroni, permotus
When those (things) might be (were) told to Cicero, much-disturbed

ancipiti malo, quéd neque-poterat longits tueri
bythe double evil, because he was-not-able longer to protect

urbem ab insidiis privato  consilio,
the city from stratagems by private contrivance, [vigilance],

neque habebat satis compertum quantus exercitus
neither had he sufficiently found-out how-great the army

Manlii _foret, aut quo  consilio;
of Manlius might-be (was), or with what design; [what was its de-

refert rem ad senatum, exagitatam

sign]; he refers the matter to the senate, harassed (canvassed)
jam antea rumoribus  vulgi. Itaque  senatus
even before by the rumours of the mob. Therefore the senate
decrevit quod solet plerumque in atroci _ negotio,
decreed what is-wont generally in [an atrocious] business,

consules darent operam,
[in a dangerous emergency], (that) the consuls should give exertion,

ne respublica caperet quid detrimenti. Ha

lest the republic should take any of injury. That
maxuma potestas permittitur magistratui
very-great power is allowed _to a (supreme) magistrate

per senatum, Romano more, parare  exercitum,
by the senate, by Roman custom, _ to prepare an army,

gerere bellum, coercere socios atque cives omnibus
to carry-on war, to coerce _ allies and _ citizens in all

modis: habere summum imperium atque judicium
manners: to have the chief government and judgment

domi que militiz. Aliter jus earum
(civil rule) at-home and abroad. Otherwise privilege of those

rerum est nulli consuli sine  jussu populi.
things is tono consul without command of the people.

Post paucos dies, Lucius Senius, senator,  recitabat
After afew days, Lucius Senius, asenator, did read-aloud

in senatu literas quas dicebat
in thesenate letters (a letter), which he did say (to have been}

allatas sibi Fesulis, in quibus erat scriptum,
brought t» him from Fesule, in which was written, ([taat)SALLUSTII CATILINA. 49

Caium Manlium cepisse arma cum magn&
Caius Manlius to have taken (had taken] arms with a great

multitudine ante sextam diem  kalendarum

multitude before the sixth day of the calends
Novembris. Simul id quod solet
of November (27th October). At-the-same-time that which is-usual
in tali re, ali nunciabant portenta atque
in such thing (acase),some did announce omens and
prodigia; alii conventus fier, arma _portari,

prodigies; others assemblies to be made (held), arms to be conveyed,

servile bellum moveri Capue atque in Apulia.
& servile war to be excited at Capua and in Apulia,

Igitur decreto  senati, _missi Quintus Marcius
Therefore by adecree of the senate, were sent Quintus Marcius

Rex Fesulas; Q. Metellus Creticus in Apuliam

Rex to Fesula; Quintius Metellus Creticus into Apulia

que ea loca circim. Hi utrique erant imperatores
and those places around. These both were generals

ad _urbem; impediti ne triumpharent calumnid
to (mear) the city; prevented lest they might triumph by the calumny

paucorum,
of afew, [both these were generals, without the walls of the city, pre-

quibus
vented by the calumnies of a few, from having their triumph], to whom

mos erat vendere omnia, honesta atque
custom was to sell all (things), honourable and

inhonesta. Sed preetores Quintus Pompeius
dishonourable. But the pretors (were sent) Quintus Pompeius

Rufus Capuam, Quintus Metellus Celer in Picenum
Rufus to Capua, Quintus Metellus Celer to the Picene

agrum: que permissum his, uti compararent
land: and (it was) allowed to these, that they might levy

exercitum pro tempore atque periculo. Ad-hoc
an army  according-to time and danger. Besides

sl quis indic&sset de
(they decreed) if any-one should have informed (had informed) of
conjuratione que facta-erat contra . rempublicam.
the conspiracy which was made against the republie,

.

    
       
    
   
  
    
    
    
  
    
  
   
   
 
 
     
  
    
   
     
    
     
  
   
 

shdhineente “046 peeanindiee nine oe nt. Le

i taal te a al ea ee ee ee eeet tat H mmwS Sy WEE Bi , A q -_ .
Sl ett bt ee oie ct mee et et att oot a eee a OSU aru tesa E POCA TTiCs esc lal aCe Lorrie barge’ op Eee ey Eve

daha yao ie bhink pA Lapa pega pe cater et ot itete™

wpube het .t re A Sues
aE SED Ne Ene oe CEST TANS rey t SOR Oe aE OE EY OOS SET STEP UT YT SITS C TC eT ee oe ee Wee RT EE

 

50 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

premium, libertatem servo, et H. 8. ©.
areward, (viz.) freedom toaslave, and a hundred-thousand

(centum sestertia); libero impunitatem ejus rel
sesterces ; to a free-man impunity of that thing

et H. S.C. C.  (ducenta sestertia); que item

and two-hundred-thousand sesterces ; and alsa

decrevere, uti gladiatorie familie distribuerentur
they decreed, that the gladiator families should be distributed

Capuam, et in cetera municipia, pro
to Capua, and into other municipal-towns, according-to
opibus cujusque; vigiliz haberentur
the resources (strength) of each ; watches should be kept
er totam ourbem Romex, que  minores
throughout the whole city of Rome, and the inferior

magistratus preessent eis. Quibus rebus civitas
magistrates should preside-over them. By which things the state

erat permota atque facies urbis immutata:

was disturbed and the appearance of the city changed:
tristitia repenté invasit omnis (omnes) ex summa
sadness suddenly invaded all after the utmost
letitid atque lascivia, que diuturna quies
rejoicing and sportiveness, which a long peace
pepererat. Festinare, trepidare, neque
had produced. (They began) to hasten, to tremble, neither
satis  credere cuiquam loco neque homini: neque
sufficiently to trust to any place nor man: neither
gerere bellum, neque habere pacem: quisque
to carry-on war, nor to have peace: every-one

metiri pericula suo metu. Ad-hoc mulieres,
to measure dangers. by his-own fear. Besides the women,

quibus pro magnitudine reipublice insolitus timor
to whom [for the greatness of the republic] an unusual fear

belli incesserat, afflictare sese;  tendere
of war had attacked, (began) to afflict themselves; to stretch

supplices manus ad coelum; misereri parvos
suppliant hands to heaven; to compassionate (their) little

liberos; rogitare;  pavere omnia, superbia
children; toask-frequently; to dread all (things). prideSALLUSTII CATILINA, 51

atque deliciis omissis, _diffidere _sibi que
and refinements being left-aside, to distrust for themselves and

patriee. At crudelis animus
country. [They distrusted every thing]. But the cruel mind

Catilinez movebat illa eadem, tametsi presidia
of Catiline did project those same (things), although guards

parabantur, et  ipse interrogatus-erat ab Lucio
were prepared, and _ himself had been impeached by Lucius

Paulus Plautid lege: postremd, venit in senatum,
Paulus (on) the Plautian law: lastly, he came into the senate,

causa dissimulandi, et quasi sui
by cause (for the sake) of dissembling, and as-it-were of-himself

expurgandi; sicuti lacessitus-foret
to be-cleared (clearing himself) ; as-though he might be provoked (was pro

jurgio. Tum Marcus Tullius consul, sive timens
voked) by defamation. Then Marcus Tullius the consul, either fearing

presentiam ejus sive commotus ir&, habuit
the presence ofhim or _ being excited by anger, had (delivered)

orationem luculentam atque utilem reipublices, quam
a speech brilliant and useful to the republic, which

postea edidit scriptam. Sed ubi ille assedit,
afterwards he published written. But when he sat-down,

Catilina, ut paratus-erat ad omnia dissimulanda
Catiline, as hehadbeen prepared for all (things). to-be-dissembled

demisso vultu que
(to dissemble all things) (began) with down-cast countenance and

~

supplici voce postulare a4 Patribus
suppliant voice to request from the Fathers (senate) (that)

ne-crederent temeré quid de Se ;
they might not believe rashly any (thing) concerning him;

ortum e& familia, ita instituisse
(being) sprung from that (such) family, so to have regulated (his)

vitam ab adolescentié, ut haberet omnia bona
life from adolescence, that he might have all good

in spe: ne-existumarent opus esse sibi,
(things) in hope: they should not-think need tobe to him,

patricio homini, beneficia cujus ipsius atque
t Datrician man, the favours of whom self and (his)

    
    
  
  
   
   
    
    
  
 
  
 
   
  
   
 
     
   
     
   
   
   
   
    
   
    
     
    
      

Ne ee ee ee

nian endo ana e ee eoe an are PRG ys see : ’ 0 z
Sol oat bet tet of oe do ea ee oe ee eee Oe CT Ea Lee a ECP SIC LS teeter] eeireesin. Urororaseror or Stree re)

Bet ates)

Oe ee etn eee eS ee ee ee eee oD ne HbA iseeeditsianer

ce BY “5 SORE ERE ey Y= SIRT CT yt Pee SE Pee Pree eT

     
  
   
   
   
   
  
   
    
   
 
   
      
  
  
   
    
   
   
    
   
    

52 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

majorum essent plurima in Romanam
ancestors might be (were) very-many toward the Roman

plebem, republica perdita ;
commons, (of) the republic destroyed (of destroying the republic) ;

cam Marcus Tullius, inquilinus civis Rome,
when Marcus’ Tullius, an alien (adventitious) citizen of Rome,

servaret eam. Ad-huc, ctim adderet alia
would preserve it. Moreover, when he would add _ other

maledicta ; omnes obstrepere, vocare hostem
revilings ; all (began) tointerrupt, to call (him) an enemy

atque parricidam. Tum ille furibundus, inquit,
and parricide. Then he raging, says,

‘‘Quoniam quidem circumventus agor preeceps
“ Since indeed beset I am driven headlong

ab inimicis, extinguam meum incendium
by (my) enemies, I willextinguish my burning [destruction]

ruina.”’ Dein proripuit se domum ex
by (universal) ruin.” Then he hurried himself home out-of

curia : ipse volvens multa secum bi,
the senate-house: he revolving many (things) with himself there,

quod neque  insidiz consul procedebant,
because neither the stratagems for [against] the consul did succeed,

et intelligebat urbem munitam ab incendio
and he did understand the city (to be) secured from fire

vigiliis,  credens optumum factu  augere
by watches, believing (it) best to be done to increase (his)

exercitum, ac ante-capere multa que  forent
army, and to anticipate many (things) which might be

usu bello prius-quam legiones  scriberentur,
to advantage for war before-that the legions _ should be levied,

profectus-est mtempesta nocte cum paucis in
he set-out in untimely (very-late) night with afew into

Manliana castra. Sed mandat Cethego, atque
the Manlian camp. But he commands to Cethegus, and

Lentulo que ceteris, promptam audaciam quorum
Lentulus and others, the ready boldness of whom

cognoverat, confirment opes
be had known, (that) they may strengthen (to strengthen) the resourcesSALLUSTII CATILINA. 53

factionis quibus rebus possent, maturemt
of the faction by what things they might be-able, may hasten
Insidias consuli, parent ceedem,

(to hasten) snares for the consul, may prepare (to prepare) slaughter,

incendia, que alia facinora belli: sese
burnings, and other cruel-deeds ofwar: himself (to be)

accessurum propediem cum magno_ exercitu
about-to-approach shortly with a great army

ad urbem. Dum hee geruntur Rome,
to _—_ the city. Whilst these (things) arecarried-on at Rome,

Caius Manlius mittit legatos ex suo numero
Caius Manlius sends ambassadors out-of his-own number

ad Quintum Martium Regem cum mandatis hujusce-
to Quintus Martius Rex with commands of this-

modi.
kind.

Testamur deos que homines, imperator, nos
We attest gods and men, [O commander,] us

cepisse arma neque contra
to have taken (that we have taken) arms neither against [our]

patriam, neque quo faceremus periculum _ aliis,
country, nor in-order-that we might make danger to others,

sed uti nostra corpora forent tuta ab injuria:
but that our bodies might be safe from injury :

qui miseri, egentes, plerique sumus expertes,
who wretched, needing, most (ofus) are deprived,

violentia atque crudelitate fceneratorum, patria,
by the violence and cruelty of usurers, (of) country,

sed omnes fama atque fortun€: neque
but all [from] of character and fortune ; and

licuit culquam nostrim, more majorum
has it been-lawful for any of us, in the manner of (our) ancestors

uti lege, neque habere liberum corpus,
to use the law, nor to have a free body (person), (our)

patrimonio amisso: tanta fuit sevitia foene-
patrimony having been lost: so-great has been the cruelty of the usu

ratorum atque  preetoris. Szpe majores
rers and pretor (chancellor). Often the ancestors

5*

      
    
    
  
     
     
  
     
  
    
   
 
    
   
     
    
    
    
  
   
  
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
   

eiiiiaamate = erradigeietimtiotinmmenn Oeee ene See eT YL eye e lS S| tm ee we Oe ee Ne ks Beer), Senn ewe eee : 5 o
a s agent jobs pepe t mien reer ale a en
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ot fi sp rhe eyernve ro rer cit

Pere ee ee!

ete ty eet ehomninlad:

    
   
  
    
  
   
   
  
    
    
   
   
 
  
 
  
 
   
    
  
 
   
   

   

54 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

vestrim miseriti Romane pplebis, opitulati-sunt
of you having pitied the Roman commonalty, relieved

inopie ejus suis decretis: ac propter magnitudinem
the want ofit bytheir decrees: and on-account-of the magnitude

alieni-eris argentum solutum-est re novissumé,
of debt silver was-paid _ by brass very-lately,

vestr’ memoria, omnibus bonis volentibus.
. your memory, all good (persons) willing (assenting)

Sepe  plebes ipsa, permota aut studio
Often the commons themselves, influenced either by a zeal

dominandi aut superbid magistratuum,  secessit
of ruling or bythe pride of the magistrates, seceded

armata 4 patribus. At nos petimus non imperium
armed from the fathers. But we seek not command

neque divitias, causd quarum omnia bella atque
nor riches, on-account of which all wars and

certamina sunt inter mortalis (mortales): sed

contests are among mortals: but
libertatem, quam nemo bonus amittit, nisi
liberty, which no good (man) loses, unless
simul cum anima. Obtestamur te atque senatum,
together with life. We conjure thee and the senate,

consulatis miseris  civibus;
(that) you may consult (that you provide) for wretched citizens ;
restituatis presidium legis, quod iniquitas
may restore (restore) the security of the law, which the iniquity
pretoris eripuit, neve-imponatis nobis
of the pretor has taken-away, and (that) you impose-not on us
necessitudinem, ut queramus quonam modo
the necessity, that wemayseek (to seek) inwhat manner
pereamus, ulti maxumé nostrum sanguinem.
we may perish, having avenged-chiefly best) our blood

after having sold our lives dearly].

Quintus Martius respondit ad hee, Si
Quintus Martius answered to these (things), Ii
vellent petere quid ab  -senatu,

they would [wished] to seek any (thing) from the senate,SALLUSTIL VATILINA. 55

discedant ab armis, proficiscantur supplices Romam:
they may depart from arms, may-set-out suppliant to Reme

[they should lay down their arms, and go as suppliants to Rome]:
Senatum que Romanum populum

(he answers) [that] the senate and Roman people
fuisse semper ea misericordia
to have been always with (of) [always possessed] that pity
atque mansuetudine, ut nemo unquam petiverit
and gentleness, that no-one ever may have sought

auxilium ab eo frustra. At Catilina ex
(has sought) aid from it in vain. But Catiline on

itinere mittit literas plerisque consularibus,
(bis) journey sends letters to most consular-men,

preterea cuique optumo:

moreover toeach most excellent [and distinguished] (person):
se circumventum falsis  criminibus, quoniam
himself being beset by false accusations, since

nequiverit resistere factioni

he may have been-unable (was unable) to withstand to the faction

inimicorum, proficisci Massiliam in  exilium;

of (his) enemies, to set-out to Massilia into banishment;
non quod esset conscius sibi  tanti sceleris,
not because he might be conscious to himself of so-great a crime,

sed uti respublica foret quieta; ve ne_ seditio
but that therepublic might be peaceable; or _ lest a sedition

oriretur ex sua contentione. Quintus Catulus
might arise out-of his dispute. Quintus Catulus

recitavit in senatu literas longé diversas ab
read-aloud in the senate letters (aletter) far different from

his ; quas dicebat redditas sibi nomine
these (this); which he didsay (to be) delivered to him inthe name

Catiline. Exemplum earum _ scriptum-est infra.

of Catiline. The copy of those (it) has been written beneath.
Lucius Catilina Quinto Catulo salutans. Tua egregia
Lucius Catiline to Quintus Catulus greeting. Thy excellen‘
fides, grata mihi, re cognita,

faith (honour), [so] agreeable tome, the thing having been known

 

Sali etadet: se hee ae ee te ee ae ae, ete ee ee

J See tenes die al ee eeebembt ai ataiess , ee ss Fs noe PERE ey yee S|) hy PEFR ENE Panes wre
Si oh aint ol oe on i od ak bd ot aed th Led See Ae ee Pao ete ect tere oe rie enas eat a il

eee adalat tater plied tata heandee aoe Chetan ces te eer: ot cet te Set at een eee eee rene ey

a

ae ee te, en Soe ee

56 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

tribuit fiduciam mee
[and known to me by experience], has afforded aconfidence to my

commendationi meis magnis periculis. Quamobrem
recommendation inmy — great dangers. Wherefore

statul non parare defensionem in novo
[have resolved not to prepare a defence in (my) new

consilio : decrevi proponere satisfactionem ex
design : I have determined to propose satisfaction from

nulla conscientia de culpa, que medius-fidius

no consciousness of fault, which by Jove’s-son (Hercules)

licet recognoscas mecum vera. Concitatus

it-is-lawful you may recognise with me (to be) true. Provoked

injurlis que contumeliis, qudd _ privatus

by injuries and insults, that having been deprived that have
fructu laboris que mex industriz,

deprived me] (of ) the fruit of[my] labour and my industry,

obtinebam non statum dignitatis,
I did possess not thestation of dignity [and which prevented me

suscepl, pro
from obtaining the dignity of consul], I have undertaken, according-to

mea consuetudine, publicam causam  miserorum:

my custom, the public cause of the wretched :
non quin  possem  solvere alienum-es  meis

not but Imightbe-able to discharge the debt in-my-own
nominibus ex possessionibus ;
names (on my own account) out-of (my) possessions ;
~ : ; ; :

cum et liberalitas Aurelie Orestille persolveret

when and (also) theliberality of Aurelia Orestilla would discharge

aliis nominibus,
(debt) under other names (the securities for his debts) [his surety-

suis que  copiis
ship for the debts of others], from her-own and the resources of (her)

fii: sed qudd videbam non-dignos homines

daughter: but because’ I did see unworthy men
honestatos honore, que sentiebam me
dignified by honour (preferment), and did feel myself

alienatum fals& suspicione. Hoe nomine
estranged byafalse suspicion. With this name (consideration)SALLUSTII CATILINA. 57

Becutus-sum satis honestas spes relique dignitatis
T have-followed sufficiently honourable hopes of remaining dignity

conservandse ro

to-be-preserved (of preserving my remaining dignity) according-to

meo casu. Ciim vellem scribere plura, nunciatum-est
my condition. When I would towrite more, it has been told

vim parari mihi. Nune
violence to be prepared (that violence was designed) for me. Now

commendo Orestillam tibi, que trado tuze fidei.
I commend Orestilla to thee, and I deliver (her) to thy honour.

Rogatus per tuos liberos defendas eam
Entreated by thy children (that) thou mayest defend her

ab injuria. Haveto.
from injury. Farewell.

Sed ipse, commoratus paucos dies apud Caium
But he, having delayed a few days with Caius

Flaminium in Reatino agro, dum exornat armis
Flaminius in the Reatine land, whilst he furnishes with arms

Vicinitatem antea_ solicitatam, contendit cum

the neighbourhood before stirred-up, hastens with
fascibus atque aliis insignibus imperii in castra
the fasces and other ensigns of authority to the camps
ad Manlium. Ubi hee comperta-sunt Rome,
to Manlius. When these (things) were found-out at Rome,

senatus judicat Catilinam et Manlium hostes; statuit
the senate judges Catiline and Manlius enemies; appoints

diem csetere multitudini, ante quam liceret
aday forthe other multitude, before which it might be-lawful

discedere ab armis, sine fraude, preter
to depart from arms, [without fraud] [withimpunity], except

condemnatis capitalium rerum. Prae-
for (those) condemned of capital things (crimes). More-

terea decernit, uti consules habeant
over it(the senate) decrees, that the consuls may have (should hold)

delectum ; Antonius maturet persequi
a levy; [that] Antony may (should) hasten to pursue

Catilinum cum exercitu ; Cicero sit preesidio
Catiline [with] anarmy; {that] Cicero be fora protectionETRE once irda cyan aah ee br iy

eat as

Bere ae ee ah oe ott od at ol oe ten Ot ee oe ee tt

Sal seh et ek tal lee ce ee om ae tod Set eel ih dekted tae

ks Reh ielad mie aaaadaled

Oe ee es

Se eee tie ad

ye sae te te eed

SALLUSTII CATILINA.

urbi. : Imperium Romani
to the city [should protect the city]. The government ofthe Roman

populi visum-est mihi multd maxumé miserabile

people has appeared tome by much _ the most pitiable
ef tempestate: cul cum omnia ab ortu
at that time : to which when all (things) from [the] rising

ad occasum solis, domita armis, parerent;
to the setting of the sun, subdued by arms, might obey (obeyed);

otium atque divitis, que mortales putant prima,

leisure and riches, which mortals think the chief

adfluerent domi; fuere, tamen,
(blessings), might abound (abounded) at home; there were, however,
cives, qui irent obstinatis animis perditum
citizens, who would go (went) with obstinate minds to destroy
que se que rempublicam. Namque neque
both themselves and the republic. For neither
quisquam omnium ex tant& multitudine, duobus
any one of-all out-of so-great a multitude, two
decretis senati, inductus premio, patefacerat
decrees of the senate (existing), induced by reward, had discovered
conjurationem discesserat ex  castris (i.)
the conspiracy, [or] had departed out-of thecamp ~

Catiline. Tanta vis morbi, atque uti  tabes,
of Catiline. So-great a violence of disease, and as an infection,

invaserat plerosque animos civium. Neque mens
had seized most the minds of the citizens. Neither the mind

erat aliena solum illis, qui fuerunt conscii
was disaffected only to those, who were conscious (privy to)

conjurationis, sed cuncta plebes omnino probabat
of the conspiracy, but all the common-people altogether did approve

Incepta Catilinz, studio novarum rerum.
the undertakings of Catiline, from a zeal of new things

Adeo videbatur facere
(a revolution). Thus it(thecommon-people) seemed to do

id suo more. Nam semper in civitate,
that fromtheir custom. For always in a state, (they)

quibus nulle opes sunt, invident bonis, extollunt
to whom no _ resources. are, envy the good, extolSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 59

malos, odére vetera, exoptant nova;
the bad, have hated (hate) old (things), wish-for new};
student omnia mutari odio suarum
desire all (things) to be changed from a hatred of their-own
rerum, aluntur sine cura turba, atque
things, are maintained without care in crowd (confusion), and
seditionibus: quoniam egestas retinetur facilé sine
seditions : since want is retained easily without
damno. Sed verd ea urbana
loss [poverty can lose nothing]. But indeed that city
plebes lerat preceps de multis causis. Primim
commonalty had gone headlong for many causes. First
omnium qui ubique maxumé prestabant probro
of all (they) who [everywhere] chiefly did excel in infamy
atque petulantia; item alii, patrimoniis = amissis
and impudence; likewise others, (their) patrimonies having been lost

per dedecora; postremd, omnes quos flagitium aut

through digraces; lastly, all whom wickedness or
facinus expulerat domo; hi _ confluxerunt
crime had driven-out from home; _ these flowed-together

Romam, sicuti in sentinam. Dein multi memores

to Rome, as to a sewer. Then many mindful
Sullane victori#, qudd videbant alios ex
of the Syllanian victory, because they did see others (some) of

gregariis militibus senatores; alios ita divites ut
the common _ soldiers senators ; others so rich that

agerent eetatem regio victu atque
they might spend age (their life) with royal food and

cultu; quisque sperabat talia sibi ex
dress ; every-one did hope such (things) for himself from

victoria, si  foret in armis. Preeterea juventus,
victory, if he might be in arms. Besides the youth

que toleraverat imopiam in agris mercede
who has supported poverty in the fields by the reward
manuum, excita privatis atque publicis
of hands (manual labour), excited by private and public

largitionibus, pretulerat urbanum otium  ingrato
bribes, had preferred city ease to disagreeable

    
    
      
      
      
    
    
   
      
   
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
   

+ Hans hnlbartingingt eh: athe belted i hag timineies penet whe ot RabeFe en een eer cea ial ts nat an bia ai gba e abi ens

eeee ene re ee Peer er erent ee tote) Seer ene

Nee ee ne aaa

Perse se ered ety ee eee

60 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

labori. Publicum malum alebat eos atque omnis

labour. The public calamity did maintain these and ali
(omnes) alios. Qué est minis mirandum,
others (such). Wherefore itis less to-be-wondered-at,

egentis (egentes) homines, malis moribus,
that] needy men, with bad principles,

maxuma spe consuluisse juxta reipublice ac
with the greatest hope to have consulted equally for the republic and
sibi.
themselves. [Had consulted their private interest as much as that of the

Preeterea parentes quorum
republic]. Moreover (those) the parents of whom (were)
proscripti victoria Sulle, bona erepta,

proscribed inthe victory of Sylla, (their) goods snatched-away, [and

jus libertatis erat imminutum, exspectabant
the] privilege of liberty was impaired, did await

eventum belli haud sané alio animo.
the issue of the war not indeed withother mind. [ With like feelings].

Ad-hoc, quicumque erant aliarum partium atque
Besides, whosoever were of other factions than (that)

senatus, malebant rempublicam conturbari quam
of the senate, had-rather the republic to be disturbed than

ipsi valere minus: aded id
they toprevail less: [should have less influence]: so that

malum reverterat in civitatem post multos annos.
evil had returned ito the state after many years.

Nam postquam tribunitia potestas restituta-est,
For after the tribunician power was restored,

Cneio Pompeio et Marco Crasso consulibus,
Cneius Pompey and Marcus Crassus (being) consuls,

adolescentes homines acti summam potestatem,
young men having obtained the highest power,

quibus wtas que animus erat ferox,

[the tribunician], to whom age and mind was fierce

coepere exagitare plebem criminando
(ardent), began to harass [agitate] the commons by accusing

senatum; dein incendere magis largiundo,
the senate ; then toinflame (them) more by bribing.SALLUSTIL CATILINA. 61

atque pollicitando ; ita ipsi

and by promising-often ; [by bribes and promises]; thus they (began)
fieri clari que potentes. Pleraque nobilitas

to be made conspicuous and powerful. Most the nobility

nitebatur contra eos summa ope:
endeavoured against them with utmost might: [the greater part of the

sub specie
nobility strove against them with all their might]: under pretence

senattis, pro su& magnitudine. Namque
of (for) the senate, (but) for their own greatness. For

uti absolvam verum paucis, quicumque
that I may despatch true (the truth) in afew (words), whosoever

agitavere rempublicam per illa tempora,

narassed the republic during those times, (under)
honestis nominibus, alii sicuti § defenderent
honourable names (pretences), some as-though they would defend
jura  populi; pars qud  auctoritas senattis

the rights of the people; part in-order-that the authority of the senate

foret maxuma, simulantes publicum bonum,
might be the greatest, pretending the public good, [but]

certabant quisque pro sua potenti: neque

did contend ! each for his-own power: neither
modestia, neque modus conténtionis erat illis :
moderation, nor (limit) of dispute was to them:
utrique
[their contests with one another were carried on most violently]: both
exercebant victoriam crudeliter. Sed postquam
did exercise victory cruelly. But after
Cneius Pompeius missus-est ad maritimum atque
Cneius Pompeius was-sent to the maritime and
Mithridaticum bellum, opes plebis
Mitbridatic war, the resources of the commons (were)

imminute, potentia paucorum erevit. Hi 7
impaired, the power of a few increased. These (began,

tenere magistratus, provincias, que omnia alia:
to possess magistracies, provinces, and all other (things) :

ipsi innoxi, florentes, agere extatem sine
they free-from-injury, flourishing,  to-spend age without

6

le tia metin An ete aerate heme aae eeFEN nee nn ee areas Mit tAGs eked hia oi atk iad al Re RAE ciel

Speak bed typed sb alee etnies atl ere ty tye heel | he At A el ee en teh aye EY fe eh eh ade pager banetyt of ts

62 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

metu, que terrere ceteros judiciis,
fear, and toaffright others by judgments, [ttey free from

qué
danger, alarmed others by judicial investigations], in-order-that (when)

in magistratu tractarent plebem __ placidits.
in the magistracy they might manage the commons  more-gently.

Sed ubi  spes

And not excite commotions among them]. But when hope
oblata-est dubiis rebus novandis, vetus
was offered for [adverse] things to-be-renewed (changed), the old
certamen arrexit animos eorum. Quod
contest raised the minds of them. [Raised their courage]. But
si Catilina discessisset superior

if Catiline might have departed (had departed) (come off) superior

primo prelio, aut squad manu, profectd magna
in the first _ battle, or with an equal force, indeed a great

clades atque calamitas oppressisset rempublicam,
slaughter and calamity might have oppressed the republic,

neque licuisset illis gui
neither might it have been-lawful [permitted] for those who

adepti-forent victoriam uti e&
might have obtained (had obtained) victory to use it

diutius ; quin qui posset-plus  extorqueret
[longer]; but (the party) who might be more powerful would wrest

imperium atque libertatem defessis et exsanguibus.
authority and liberty from the wearied and exhausted.

Tamen complures fuere extra conjurationem, qui
However many were without the conspiracy, who

profecti-sunt initio ad Catilinam. In his
set-out in the beginning to Catiline. Among these

erat Fulvius, filius senatoris, quem parens jussit
was Fulvius, the son of a senator, whom (his) father ordered

retractum ¢x itinere, necari. lisdem
brought-back from (his) journey, to be-put-to-death. At the same

temporibus = Lentulus sollicitabat Rome quoscumque
imes (time) Lentulus did stir-up at Rome whomsoeve1

credebat idoneos, moribus aut fortund, novig
he did believe fit, by morals or fortune, for anteSALLUSTII CATILINA. 63

rebus, sicuti Catilina preeceperat; neque

things (arevolution), as Catiline had ordered ; neither

solim cives, sed genus hominum cujuscumque

only citizens, but a kind of men of any (whatever}

modi, quod modo foret usul bello. | Tgitur

description, which only mightbe foradvantage tothe war. Therefore
dat negotium cuidam Publio Umbreno,

he gives business a (commission) to a certain Publius Umbrenus,

uti requirat legatos Allobrogum: que impellat
that he may find-out the deputies of the Allobroges: and impel

eos, Sl possit, ad societatem belli, existumans
them, if he may be able, to analliance of the war, thinking,

eos oppressos publicé que privatim alieno-ere:

those oppressed publicly and privately by debt:

preterea quod Gallica gens _ esset bellicosa
moreover that the Gallic nation might be (was) warlike
natura, posse facilé adduci ad tale

by nature, tobeable (might) easily be brought-over to such

consilium. Umbrenus notus-erat plerisque principibus
a design. Umbrenus had been known to most the chiefs

civitatum, atque noverat eos, quod negotiatus-erat
of the states, and had known them, because he had trafficked

in Gallia: itaque sine mora, ubi-primum conspexit

in Gaul: therefore without delay, as-Ssoon-as he behela
legatos in foro, percunctatus pauca
the deputies in the market-place, [forum], having inquired a few

de statu civitatis, et quasi dolens

(things) concerning the condition of the state, and as-if bewailing

casum ejus, coepit requirere quem exitum  sperarent
the lot of it, began to ask what issue they might hope

tantis malis. Postquam videt illos = queri
to so-great evils. After he sees [that] them to complain

de avariti@ magistratuum, accusare
[they complain] of the avarice of the magistrates, to accuse

senatum, quod esset nihil auxilii in
the senate, because there might be (was) nothing of redress in

e0 ; exspectare mortem remedium suis
it; fand] to await death (as) a remedy for theirs

ment vin wath = imletietinpingt adie ste deatverin. te latg tyme batetrape tet Sieve 18 Re eae

—

ee eee ee See ee ee eee SDsii

PpevavErerer Dye ser ero air

Php ermine germina Tae japede bade tare ha het tide yt pen iq aredtitd ripe bet rtepe pee err iteiels

Cea ee at tne

ee een Se a ood tae

ee eee

Preetes e7 Geet tre

ee fae ee

     
   
   
   
   
 
     
  
   
   
   
  
  
   
      
    
    
    
    
   

SALLUSTII CATILINA.
miseriis: ‘At ego,” inquit, ‘‘ostendam rationem
miseries : Bat he says, “ will-point-out a plan

vobis, si modo-vultis esse virl,
to you, if you-only-wish tobe men, [if you would only be men],

qua effugiatis ista tanta mala.” Ubi dixit
by which you may escape those so-great evils.” When he said
heec, Allobroges adducti in maxumam spem,
these (things), the Allobroges led into the greatest hope,

orare Umbrenum uti misereretur sui:
(began) to entreat [Umbrenus] that he might pity themselves: [that]

nihil esse tam asperum, neque tam difficile,
nothing to be [was] so rough, nor 80 difficult,

quod facturi-essent non cupidissimé,
which they would-be-about-to-do not most-desirously, [but that théy

dum ea res liberaret civitatem
would most willingly do], provided that thing might free the state

alieno-ere. Ille perducit eos in domum  Decii
from debt. He leads them into the house of Decius

Bruti, quod erat propinqua foro, neque aliena
Brutus, because it was near to the forum, and not unacquainted

consilii propter Semproniam, nam Brutus
of the design (conspiracy) on-account-of | Sempronia, for Brutus

aberat tum ab Rom&. Preeterea arcessit
was absent then from Rome. Besides he sends-for

Gabinium, quo major auctoritas inesset
Gabinius, in-order-that greater authority might be-in to (his)

sermoni; eo presente, aperit | conjurationem,
discourse ; he being present, he discloses the conspiracy,

nominat socios, preterea multos innoxios

namas the associates, moreover many innocent (men)
cujusque generis, quo animus esset
of every kind, in-order-that mind (courage) might be
amplior legatis: dein dimittit eos domum,
greater to the deputies: then he dismisses them home,
pollicitos suam operam. Sed Allobroges habuere
having promised their assistance. But the Allobroges had
diu in incertum, quidnam consilii

for-a-long-time into uncertain (were in doubt), what of counselSALLUSTII CATILINA. 665

caperent. In altera parte erat alienum-zs,
they might take. In the other (one) part was debt,

studium belli, magna merces in Bpe victorie; at
zeal of war, great reward in the hope of victory; but

majores opes, tuta consilia, certa premia pro
greater resources, safe counsels, certain rewards instead-of

incerta spe in alter4, Illis volventibus hee,
uncertain hope on the other (side). They revolving these

tandem fortuna reipublice  vicit. Itaque
(things) at-length the fortune of the state prevailed. Therefore

aperiunt omnem rem, uti cognoverant, Quinto
they disclose all the thing, as they had known (it), to Quintus

Fabio Sanger, patrocinio cujus  civitas utebatur

Fabius Sanga, the patronage of whom _ the state did use
plurimtim. Cicero,  consilio cognito per
very-much. Cicero, the design having been known through
Sangam, precipit legatis, ut simulent

Sanga, orders to (the) deputies, that they may pretend (to pre.

vehementer studium conjurationis ;

tend) vehemently a zeal of (for) the conspiracy; may (to)
adeant ceeteros ; polliceantur ben,
go-to the rest [of the conspirators) ; may (to) promise well,
que dent operam, ut habeant eos

snd may(to) give exertion, [assurance], that they may have them

quam maxumé manifestos.

as most manifest (convicted). [As avowed participants

Motus erat feré lisdem
in the conspiracy]. A commotion was almost in the same
temporibus, in citeriore atque ulteriore Gallia,
times (time), in hither and farther Gaul,
item in Piceno agro, Bruttio, Apulid. Namque
also in the Picene land, in Bruttium, Apulia. For
ili quos Catilina dimiserat antea agere
they whom Catiline had sent-off [before] (began) to do
cuncta simul inconsulté, ac veluti
all (things) at-the-same-time inconsiderately, and as-if
per dementiam: effecerant plus _timoris
shrough madness: they had effected more of fear

6 *

    
  
      
    
   
    
    
     
    
   
    
      
    
   
     
     
      
  
    
    
 
   

winder teal inert tn penn etal ach Balas

estore dnt! whe me

eea

prewbeet eel

Perr aty

- = ee ais het eredeti td tesiebat ite} ebeiedeve | Ulta
ee Pa herb eshin Skt URE LAGS lle lien pth el bh petted AA becribnimntonipogrrins paps oda in Pate to Py ee LEB AGE a Ae Dhan aes of ind Sh ae ela a
Se ea eet eee te tart on ta i i

Rr ne ee ere oes

  

66 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

quam periculi nocturnis conciliis, portationibus
than of danger by nightly councils, by conveyances

armorum atque telorum, festinando, agitando

of arms and of weapons, by hastening, by agitating
omnia. Quintus Metellus Celer, causs4 cognita,
all (things). Quintus Metellus  Celer, the cause being known,

conjecerat complures ex eo numero in vincula,

had cast many of that number [into prison],
ex consulto senattiis. Caius Murena item,
according-to adecree ofthe senate. Caius Murena (did) likewise,
in citeriore Gallia, qui legcatus preeerat el
in hither Gaul, who (as) lieutenant was-over to that

provincis. At Lentulus cum ceteris,
[presided over that] province. But lLentulus with the others,

qui erant principes conjurationis, magnis coplis

who were chiefs of the conspiracy, great forces
paratis Rome, uti videbatur, constituerat,
having been prepared at Rome, as_ it did appear, had appointed,

uti clim Catilina venisset cum exercitu

that when Catiline might have come (had come) with an army
in Fesulanum agrum, Lucius Bestia, tribunus
into the Fesulan land, Lucius Bestia, tribune
plebis, concione habita, quereretur de
of the commons, an assembly being held, should complain of
actionibus Ciceronis, que imponeret invidiam
the proceedings of Cicero, and place the odium

gravissim1 belli optumo consul ;
of (this) most-serious war to (on) the most-excellent consul;

@ A ®

eo signo, proxuma nocte, cetera multitude

by that sign (signal), [the next night], the remaining multitude

conjurationis exsequeretur quisque suum negotium
+ us e

fof the conspiracy] should execute each his-own business (part).
Sed ea dicebantur divisa hoe modo,
But those (parts) were said (to be) divided inthis manner,
uti Statilius et Gabinius, cum magna manu,
that Statilius and Gabinius; with a great band,

incenderent duodecim opportuna loca  urbis
should set-fire-to *welve opportune places of the citySALLUSTII CATILINA. oO?

simul, quo tumultu facilior aditus  fieret
at-the-same-time, in which tumult an easier access might be made

ad consulem, que cteros quibus insidix parabantur.
to theconsul, and the others for whom snares were prepared.

Cethegus obsideret januam Ciceronis, que
[That] Cethegus should block-up the gate of Cicero, and

agegrederetur eum vi; autem alius
should attack him with force; but another (should attack)

alium: sed filii familiarum, quorum maxuma pars
another: but the sons of families, of whom the greatest part

erat ex  nobilitate, interficerent parentes :
was of the nobility, should murder (their) parents:

simul omnibus perculsis cde et incendio,
at-the-same-time all being stricken by slaughter and by burning,

erumperent ad Catilinam. Inter hee
they should burst-forth (sally) to Catiline. Among these

parata atque decreta, Cethegus querebatur
prepared (preparations) and determinations, Cethegus did complain

semper de  ignavia sociorum : illos
always of the remissness of(his) associates: [that] those

corrumpere magnas opportunitates
to corrupt (mar) [did mar] great opportunities

dubitando et prolatando dies;
by hesitating and deferring days [and putting off the time for

esse opus in tali periculo, facto
executing the plot]; tobe need in such danger, for deed

non consulto : que se, si pauci
not for deliberation : and [that] himself, if a few
adjuvarent, aliis languentibus, facturum

would assist, others being-remiss, about-to-make [would make]
impetum in curiam. Krat natura ferox,
an attack against the senate-house. He was by nature fierce,

vehemens, promptus manu ; putabat maxumum
vehement, ready in hand (action); he did think the greatest

bonum in celeritate. Sed Allobroges conveniunt
good (tobe)in despatch. But the Allobroges assemble

ceteros per Gabinium, ex preecepto
(meet) the rest through  @abinius, according-to the direction

       
    
   
    
  
     
      
   
       
  
  
     
   
   
    
    
    
    
     
   
  
  
   
   

itm icgn ataltiiomiim niece sahicten oon te

ake veneer eeBee ne ee ee erat eas ite that Red Leo t iad ane id ad RRR!

See ee nnn en nr ial a nied ole oR Ts

Pe Se nee et eee et re ae

68 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

Ciceronis: postulant jusjurandum, quod perferant

of Cicero: they require an oath, which they may carry
signatum ad _ civis (cives), ab Lentulo,
sealed to the citizens fof their state], from Lentulus,
Cethego, Statilio, item Cassio: eos haud
Cethegus, Statilius, also from Cassius: [that] those not
posse facilé impelli  aliter ad tantum

to be-able [could not] easily to beimpelled otherwise to so-great

negotium. Czteri, suspicantes nihil, dant: Cassius
an affair. The others, suspecting nothing, give (it): Cassius

pollicetur semet venturum brevi e6, ac proficiscitur

promises himself about-to-come shortly [there], and sets-out
ex urbe paulo ante legatos. Lentulus mittit
from the city alittle before the ambassadors. Lentulus sendg

qguemdam Titum Volturcium, Crotoniensem, cum his,
@ certain Titus Volturcius, a Crotonian, with these,

ut Allobroges confirmarent societatem cum Catilina,
that the Allobroges might strengthen the alliance with Catiline,

priusquam pergerent domum, fide
before-that they might proceed home, faith (pledges of honour)

data atque accepta. Ipse dat literas
having been given and received. He gives letters (an epistle)

Volturcio ad Catilinam, exemplum quarum est
to Volturcius for Catiline, & GOpy of which ig

scriptum infra.
written beneath.

Cognosces ex e¢0, quem misi ad_ te,

Thou wilt know from him, whom I havesent to thee,
qui sim. Fac cogites
who Imay be (Lam). Do thou mayest consider (take care to consider)
in quanta calamitate SiS, et memineris te
in how-great calamity thou mayest be, and remember thee
esse virum: consideres quid
tobe aman: (take care) thou mayest consider (to consider) what
tue rationes postulent ; petas
thy plans {cireumstances] may require; thoumayest seek (to seek)

auxilium ab omnibus, etiam ab infimis.
aid from all, even from the lowest.SALLUSTII CATILINA. 69

Ad-hoc, dat mandata verbis: quo  consilio

Besides, he gives commands in words: with what design
repudiet servitia ?

(reason) he may reject slaveries (slaves)? [why should he reject slaves ?]

~~ ° ° ° °
cium judicatus-sit hostis ab senatu:
since he may have been judged (has been judged) an enemy by the senate-

quee jusserit esse parata in
(the things) which he may have (has) ordered to be prepared in

urbe:
ithe city: [the things which he had ordered to be done in the city, are

ipse ne-cunctetur acce-
prepared|: himself may not-delay [that he should not delay] to ap-

dere propius. His rebus actis ita, constituta
proach nearer. These things having been done so, on the appointed

nocte qua proficiscerentur, Cicero edoctus
night on which they should set-out, Cicero having been instructed-in

euncta per legatos, imperat preetoribus,
all (thing) by the ambassadors, orders to the pretors,

Lucio Valerio Flacco et Caio Pomptino, ut deprehendant
Lucius Valerius Flaccus andCaius Pomptinus, that they may seize

comitatus Allobrogum, per insidias,
(to apprehend) the attendants of the Allobroges, by ambushes (ambush),

m Mulvio ponte:  aperit omnem rem
on the Mulvian bridge: he discovers [to them] all the vhing
gratia cujus mittebantur: agant

by cause (for the sake) of which they were sent: they may do (vo do)
cxetera, uti sit opus facto.

the rest, as (there) may be need for deed. [He allows them to execute

Militares

the rest of the affair as occasion may require.] (These) military

homines, presidiis collocatis sine tumultu, obsidunt
men, the guards being arranged without tumult, beset

pontem occulté, sicuti preeceptum-erat. Postquam

the bridge secretly, as it had been ordered. After
legati venére cum Volturcio ad id loci,
the ambassadors came with Volturcius to that of place,
clamor exortus-est simul utrimque. Galli,

a shout arose at-the-same-time on-both-sides. The Gauls,

     
    
   
   
  
 
    
  
  
    
    
  
     
   
  
   
   
  
   
       

Oe

termed she: =

a Retgitng” etait ten natin ehemnarante atonepbhbAbacenienicsdemierge erinnis SLES RL popped ba bedhe Maa PUTAS Herein papi betttais inde eebcier inte ie

beahetnethntilt jbo tis ing MIad Gl nned magni ted pein ie le jh pain depepetapatatet st ertete

en tae eee tee

ora.

Ab nk

Or ee ee een eee NE ee ee Thee oe

70 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

consilio cognito, citd tradiderunt ge
the design being known [to them], quickly delivered themselves
sine mor& pretoribus. Volturcius primd, eohortatus
without delay tothe pretors. Volturcius first, having encouraged
ceeteros, defendit se  & multitudine  gladio:
the rest, defends himself from the multitude with a sword:
dein ubi desertus-est a  legatis, obtestatus

then when he was deserted by the ambassadors, having conjured

Pomptinum prits multa
(having first entreated) Pomptinus before many (things)

de sud salute, quod  notus-erat el,
fearnestly] concerning his safety, because he had been known to him,

postremd, timidus ac diffidens vite,  dedit sese
finally, fearful and distrusting for life, he surrenders himself

pretoribus velut hostibus. Quibus rebus confectis,
to the pretors as to enemies. Which things being finished,

omnia declarantur properé per nuncios consull.
all are declared speedily by messengers to the consul.

At ingens cura atque leetitia, simul, occu-
But great anxiety and gladness, at-the-same-time, occu-

pavere illum. Letabatur, intelligens civitatem esse
pied him. He did rejoice, understanding the state tobe

ereptam periculis, conjuratione patefacta; autem

rescued from danger, the conspiracy having been exposed; but
porro erat anxius quid esset opus facto
moreover he was anxious what might be necessary for deed

tantis civibus, deprehensis in maxumo
(to be done) so-great citizens, being discovered in _ the greatest

scelere ; poeenam  illorum fore onerl
wickedness; the punishment of them  to-be-about-to-be for a burden

sibi, impunitatem reipublicee perdundz.
to him, (their) pardon (the cause) of the republic to be destroyed.
Tgitur animo con-

Of the destruction of the republic.] Therefore (his) mind having been

firmato, jubet Lentulum, Cethegum, Sta-
strengthened (made up), he orders Lentulus, Cethegus, Sta-

tilium, Gabinium, que Ceparium Tarracinensem, qui
tifius, Gabinius, and Ceparius the Tarracinian, wheSALLUSTII CATILINA. 71

parabat proficisci in Apuliam ad servitia concitanda,

did prepare to set-out into Apulia to slaveries to-be-excited

vocari ad sese. Cuzeteri veniunt
(to excite the slaves), to be called to himself. The rest come
sine mora. Ceparius egressus domo paulo
without delay. Ceparius having departed from home aa little
anté, indicio cognito, profugerat ex urbe.

before, the discovery having been known, had fled out-of the city.

Consul ipse, tenens Lentulum manu, qudd_ erat
The consul self, holding Lentulus by the hand, because he was

preetor, perducit in senatum; jubet reliquos
pretor, leads (him) into the senate; he orders the rest

venire cum custodibus in edem Concordie. Advocat
to come with guards into the temple of Concord. He summons

senatum ed0, que _  introducit Volturcium cum
the senate _ thither, and introduces Volturcius with
legatis magna frequentia ejus ordinis ;
the ambassadors in a great fulness (attendance) of that order ;

jubet Flaccum, pretorem, adferre eddem
he orders Flaccus, the pretor, to bring to the-same-place

scrinium, cum literis, quas  acceperat 4
the writing-desk, with the letters, which he had received from
legatis. Volturcius interrogatus de itinere,
the ambassadors. Volturcius being questioned concerning the journey,
de literis, postremo, quid consilii habuisset,
concerning the letters, _ finally, what design he might have had
aut de qua causa, primo fingere
(he had), or about what cause, at-first (began) to feign
omnia alia, dissimulare de  conjuratione;
all other (things), todissemble concerning the conspiracy ;
post ubi jussus-est dicere publica fide,
after when he was ordered to speak on the public honour, [being given

aperit omnia, uti gesta-
him for his safety], he discloses all (things), as they had been
erant ; se ascitum-(esse)

earried-on; [that he] himself to have been attached (as) [was admitted]

socium paucis diebus anté @ Gabinio et Cepario;
an associate a few days before by Gabinius and Ceparius,

 
 

Se ene eee Tone ee- oe a eyes? i veer ae
rire te ndprinimimimiryryms LES jejate bebe tee hahaa tebe elt pind et ete behets Panes be peti ers reer Mehra nana

ing the arith tartgtlng SHA beth Gab nimarimic ge pa teh a gin ol fresh FA atk eegeerba datas! St

Poe SE re ene eee eee ee ete ret ee ye ea

era

eed

REN

np sjababldabeh abut

12 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

scire nihil amplitis quam legatos ;
to know [that he knew] nothing more than the ambassadors;

tantummodo solitum audire ex Gabinio,
only (being) accustomed tohear from Gabinius, [that]

Publium Autronium, Servium Sullam, Lucium Var-
Publius Autronius, Servius Sylla, Lucius Var-

gunteilum, multos preeterea esse in e& conju-
guuteius, fand] many besides to be f[were]in that conspi-

ratione. Galli fatentur eadem, at coarguunt Len-
racy. The Gauls confess the same, but they convict Len-

tulum dissimulantem, preter literas sermonibus,
tulus dissembling, beside the letters (letter), by discourses,

quos ille solitus-erat habere, regnum
which he had been accustomed to have [with them, that] the kingdom

Rome portendi tribus Corneliis ex Sibyl-
of Rome to be foreboded [was foretold] tothree Cornelii out-of the Si-

linis libris: Cinnam atque Sullam antea; 986
bylline books: Cinna and Sylla (possessed it) before; himself

esse tertium, cui fatum foret
to be thethird, towhom fate would be [whose fate it would be]

potiri urbis; preterea illum esse vigesimum
to be-master of the city; moreover that to be the twentieth

annum ab Capitolio incenso, quem
year from the Capitol being burned, which (year)

haruspices szepé respondissent ex
the soothsayers often might have answered (had answered) from

prodigiis fore cruentum civili bello.  Igitur
prodigies to be-about-to-be bloody by civil war. Therefore

literis perlectis, cum omnes
the letters (letter) having been read-through, when all
cognoviscent sua signa, senatus

might have known (had admitted) their-own signs (seals), the senate

decernit, ut Lentulus, magistratu  abdicato, que

decrees, that Lentulus, the magistracy being resigned, and
item ceterl, habeantur in liberis custodiis.
likewise the rest, may be kept in free custodies

Itaque traduntur,
(in the custody of private persons). Therefore they are delivered (thua)SALLUSTIL CATILINA. 78

Lentulus Publio Lentulo Spintheri, qui erat tum

Lentulus to Publius Lentulus Spinther, who was then
edilis; Cethegus Quinto Cornificio; Statilius Caio
edile ; Cethegus to Quintus Cornificius ; Statilius to Caiua
Cesari; Gabinius Marco Crasso; Ceparius (nam is
Ceesar ; Gabinius to Marcus Crassus; Ceparius (for he

retractus-erat paulo anté ex fuga) Cneio

had been brought-back alittle before from flight) to Cneius

Terentio, senatori. Interea plebes, conjuratione
Terentius, a senator. Mean-time the commons, _ the conspiracy

patefacta, que primo cupida novarum rerum,
being discovered, who at first (being) desirous of new things

favebat nimis bello, mente
(a revolution), did favour too-much tothe war, (their) mind

mutata, exsecrari consilia Catilins, tollere,
being shanged, (began) toexecrate the designs of Catiline, to raise

Ciceronem ad ccelum; velut erepta ex servitute
Cicero to heaven; as-if rescued from slavery (they)

agitabat gaudium atque letitiam. Namque
did agitate (display) joy and gladness. For

putabat alia facinora belli fore
(the common people) did think other exploits of war to-be-about-to-be

prede magis quam detrimento, verd
for booty rather than [to themselves] injury, but

incendium crudele, immoderatum, ac maxume
burning (to be) _— cruel, immoderate, and chiefly

calamitosum sibi; quippe cul omnes
calamitous to themselves; because (an order) to whom all

copiz erant in quotidiano usu et cultu corporis.
supplies were in daily use and dress of body.

[Since all their property consisted of things in daily use, and of clothing].

Post eum diem, quidam Lucius Tarquinius

After that day, a certain Lucius Tarquinius

adductus-erat ad senatum, quem  aiebant

had been brought-up _to the senate, whom _ they did say
retractum ex itinere,

(to have been) brought-back from (his) journey, (when)

7

The ac aie hh Reet neWeve rT nr tt here

[wae

ee ee eee eee ee oe

pot —e SE pee hye Ledeen tater tet otet

Neen a ee ee ne ee tae ede el San eee aed

SALLUSTII CATILINA.

proficiscentem ad Catilinam. Cum is diceret

setting-out to Catiline. When he might say (said)
se indicaturum de
himself about-to-inform [that he would inform} concerning

conjuratione, si publica fides  data-esset,
the conspiracy, if the public faith might have been given [tc him

jussus a consule edicere que  sciret,
for safety], being ordered by the consul to declare what he might know,

edocet senatum feré eadem que Volturcius,
he informs the senate almost thesame(things)which Volturcius (did),

de incendiis _paratis, de czde bonorum,
of burnings having been prepared, of the murder of good (men),

de itinere ostium: opreterea, se missum 4

of the march of the enemies: moreover, himself being sent by
Marco Crasso, qui nunciaret Catiline,
Marcus Crassus, who might tell (to tell) to Catiline, (that)
Lentulus, et Cethegus, que alii ex conjuratione,
Lentulus, and Cethegus, and others of the conspiracy,
deprehensi ne-terrerent eum ; que
having been apprehended should not-affright him ; and
properaret magis ed  accedere ad _ urbem,
he should hasten the more’ therefore to-approach to the city,
quo et reficeret animos ceterorum,
in-order-that and (both) he might refresh the minds of the rest,
et illi eriperentur faciliis @ periculo. Sed
and they might be rescued the more-easily from danger. But
ubi Tarquinius nominavit Crassum, nobilem hominem,
when ‘Tarquinius named Crassus, a noble man,
maxumis divitiis, summa potentia, alii
with the greatest riches, the highest power, some
rati rem incredibilem, pars, tametsi
having supposed the thing incredible, a part, although
existumabant verum, tamen, quia tanta vig
they did think (it) true, yet, because so-great influence
hominis _ videbatur leniunda magis quam
of the man did seem to-be-softered rather than
exagitanda

to-be-prevoked [a man of such great influence ought to be soothed ratherSALLUSTII CATILINA. 765

in tali tempore, plerique obnoxii

than provoked] in such a, time, many subservient

Crasso ex  privatis negotiis, conclamant,

to Crassus from private affairs, cry-out, [that]

indicem _— esse falsum, que postulant uti

the informer tobe [was] false, and require that
referatur de ed re. Itaque,

it may be referred (to the senate) concerning that thing. Tkerefore,

Cicerone _consulente, frequens _senatus

Cicero consulting (presiding), a crowded senate

decernit, indicium Tarquinii _—_—videri

decrees, the information of Tarquinius to be seen (to seem)

falsum, que eum retinendum in vinculis;

false, and him [to be] kept in bonds [prison];

que potestatem ne amplits faciundam,

and power (of divulging) not more to-be-made, [and that

nisi indicaret
he be not allowed to proceed in his testimony], unless he might inform

de eo, consilio cujus mentitus-esset
of him, by the advice of whom he might have (had) forged
tantam rem. Erant eo tempore, qui
so-great a thing. There were at that time, (persons), who
existumarent illud machinatum a _ Publio
might think (thought) that plotted by Publius

Autronio, quod Crasso appellato, potentia illius
Autronius, in-order-that Crassus being named, the power of him

tegeret reliquos facilius, per societatem
might screen the rest more-easily, by (his) shar
pericull. Ali alebant  ‘Tarquinium

of (inthe) danger. Others did say Tarquinius
immissum a Cicerone, ne Orassus, suo
sent-in (suborned) by Cicero, lest Crassus, _ by his
more conturbaret rempublicam,
custom [as was his custom] might disturb the republic,
patrocinio malorum __ suscepto. Ego postea

the patronage of the bad being undertaken [by him]. I afterwards

audivi Crassum ipsum predicantem illam tantam
heard Crassus [himself] openly declaring that 80-great

De ee ee ee

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eee ee ee eT rd

SALLUSTIT CATILINA.

contumeliam impositam sibi 4 Cicercne.
aninsult (to have been) placed te (on) him by Cicero.

Sed iisdem temporibus, Quintus Catulus et Caius
But at-the-same times, Quintus Catulus and Caius

Piso potuere impellere Ciceronem neque gratia,

Piso were able to impel Cicero neither by interest,
e e xX °

neque precibus, neque pretio, uti Caius Cesar

nor by prayers, nor by price, that Caius Cesar

nominaretur falsO per Allobroges aut alium indicem.
might be named falsely by the Allobroges or other informer.

Nam uterque = exercebant gravis (graves) inimicitias
For each (both) didexercise dreadful enmities
cum illo; Piso oppugnatus in judicio
with him ; Piso having been assailed in a trial

repetundarum (pl.), propter injustum supplicium

of extortion, on-account-of the unjust punishment
cujusdam Transpadani; Catulus incensus odio
of acertain Transpadanian; Catulus being inflamed with hatred
ex petitione pontificattis, quod usus

from (since) his canvass of the high-priesthood, because having enjoyed

maxumis honoribus (abl.) extrem xtate discesserat,

the greatest honours (now) inextreme age _ he had departed,
victus & Cesare, adolescentulo. Autem res
conquered by Ceesar, a young man. But the thing
videbatur opportuna, quod is debebat grandem
did seem opportune, because he [Caesar] did owe great
pecuniam egregia _liberalitate privatim,
money (a great debt) by extraordinary liberality privately,
maxumis muneribus publicé. Sed ubi
by-very-great presents (exhibitions) — publicly. But when
nequeunt impellere consulem ad tantum facinus,
they are-unable —__ to impel the consul to  so-great a crime,
ipsi conflaverant magnam invidiam illi
themselves had-contracted great odium for him [had excit-
circumeundo singillatim, atque
ed great odium against him] by-going-about individually, and
ementiendo que  dicerent audisse ex

by forging what they might-say (they said) to have heard fromBALLUSTII CATILINA. TT

Volturcio, aut Allobrogibus; usque aded, uti
Volturcius, or the Allobroges ; until to-this (so far), that
nonnulli Romani equites, qui erant cum telis
some [Roman] knights, who were with weapons [armed]
circum edem Ooncordiz, causa presidii,
about the temple of Concord, by cause (for the sake) of guard,
impulsi seu magnitudine _periculi, seu
being impelled either by the magnitude of the danger, or
mobilitate animi, quo suum studium in
by levity of mind, in-order-that their zeal toward
rempublicam esset clarius, minitarentur

the republic might be more-conspicuous, might threaten (threatened)

gladio Cesari egredienti ex senatu. Dum
with asword to Cesar going-out from thesenate. Whilst

heee aguntur in senatu, et dum _  premia
these (things) are done in thesenate, and whilst rewards

decernuntur legatis Allobrogum et Tito
are decreed to the ambassadors of the Allobroges and _ to Titus

Volturcio, indicio eorum comprobato ;
Volturcius, the information ofthem having been approved ,

liberti et pauci ex  clientibus Lentuli,
the freed-men and a few of the dependants of Lentulus,

solicitabant, diversis itineribus, opifices atque
did stir-up, in different directions, the mechanics and

servitia in vicis ad eum eripiendum:
slaveries (slaves) in the streets to him  to-be-rescued: [to rescue

artim exquirebant duces multitudinum,
him]: partly (some) did search-out the leaders of multitudes

ul soliti-erant vexare rempublicam
(mobs), who had been accustomed to harass the republie

retio. Autem Cethegus orabat per nuncios,
or hire. But Cethegus didentreat through messengers,

familiam atque suos libertos exercitatos in
{his) household and his freed-men exercised in

~udaciam, uti grege facto irrumperent
boldness, that a flock (band) having been formed, they would break-in

ad sese cum telis. Consul, ubi cognovit ea
to himself with weapons. The consul, when he knew those

1s

Oa el ee ks nd

ae eee ree eeoy Eva SSG aga k sds PhAL La AE LRA LEELA

er tn et cena err oa

Fou pe SEE OINE TE We MEME TCDS Os Teer Sin Pe Tee ee Te Be Oe a ae or one te ea eee

Pristine debe betel whet eA eet LAE} Ry epee

78 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

parari, prezesidiis dispositis, uti res

(things) to be prepared, guards being arranged, as the thing
atque tempus monebat, senatu convocato, refert
and time did advise, the senate being convoked, _ refers

quid _placeat fierl de his, qui

(asks) what it may please to bedone concerning those, who

traditi-erant in custodiam. Sed frequens senatus
had been-delivered into custody. But a crowded senate

judicaverat pauld anté eos _ fecisse
had judged alittle before [that] them to have acted [had acted]

contra rempublicam. Tum _ Decius Junius Silanus

against the republic. Then Decius Junius Silanus
primus rogatus sententiam, qudd eo tempore
first being asked (his) opinion, because at that time

erat consul designatus, decreverat supplicium
he was consul elect, had decreed punishment

sumendum
to-be-inflicted [gave it as his opinion that punishment ought to be in-

de his, qui tenebantur in custodiis; et

flicted] on those, who were detained in custodies; and
preterea de Lucio Cassio, Publio Furio, Publio
moreover on Lucius Cassius, Publius Furius, Publius
Umbreno, Quinto Annio, si deprehensi-forent :
Umbrenus, Quintus Annius, if they might have been apprehended:

que is postea permotus
[should they be apprehended]: and he afterwards affected

oratione Cali Cesaris, dixerat se iturum

by the speech of Caius Cesar, had said himself about-to-go
pedibus

on feet [that he was about to go into a division of the senate on the

in sententiam ‘Tiberii Neronis,
question] (without a speech) into the opinion of Tiberius Nero,

quod censuerat referendum
because he had thought (it ought) to-be-referred (to the senate)

de ea re, presidius additis.
concerning that thing, [for further investigation], guards being added,

Sed Cesar, ubi

[The prisoner: being kept under guard]. But Caesar’, wheySALLUSTIIL CATILINA. 79

ventum-est ad eum, rogatus

it was come to him (to his turn), having been asked (his}
sententiam a consule, locutus-est verba
opinion by the consul, spoke wordg

hujuscemodi :
of this-kind:

Conscripti patres, decet omnis (omnes) homines,

Conscript fathers, it becomes all men,
qui consultant de dubiis rebus, esse
who __ deliberate-often concerning doubtful things, to be
vacuos ab odio, amicitid, ira, atque misericordia.
free from hatred, friendship, anger, and pity.
Animus haud facilé providet verum,

The mind (does) not easily foresees (perceives) true, (truth)
ubi ila officiunt : neque quisquam omnium
where those [things] obstruct [it]: neither any-one of-all
paruit lubidini et usu simul. Ubi

has obeyed to lust (passion) and to utility at-the-same-time. When

intenderis ingenium, valet; si
thou mayest have applied (you apply) the understanding, it prevails; if

lubido possidet, ea dominatur, animus valet nihil.

passion takes-possession, that rules, the mind prevails nothing.
Conscripti patres, est mihi magna copia
Conscript fathers, there is tome agreat opportunity
memorandi, qui reges aut qui populi

of relating, [supply of examples], what kings or what peoples

impulsi ira aut misericordia, consuluerint
(people) impelled by anger or by pity, may have consulted

(perf. sub.) malé: sed malo dicere ea,
(have consalted) badly: but I had-rather mention those (things),

que nostri majores fecere recté atque ordine
which our ancestors have done rightly and in order

contra lubidinem sui animi. Macedonico bello,
against the passion oftheir mind. In the Macedonian war,

quod gessimus cum rege Perse, magna atque
which we carried-on with king Perses, the great and

magnifica civitas Rhodiorum, que creverat
magnificent state of the Rhodians, which had increased

ee ee

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eee eee eat

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Pee ee a er eee ee eet -

80 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

opibus Romani populi, fuit infida atque advorsa
by the resources of the Roman people, was faithless and adverse

nobis: sed postquam, bello confecto, consultum-
to us: but after-that, the war having been finished, it was delibe.

est de Rhodiis, nostri majores dimisere eos
rated concerning the Rhodians, our ancestors dismissed them

impunitos, ne quis diceret bellum

unpunished, lest any-one mightsay thewar (to have been)
Inceptum magis divitiarum, quam

undertaken rather (on-account-of ) of riches, than of (repelling)
injurie. Item in omnibus Punicis bellis, cum
injury. Likewise in all the Punic wars, when
Carthaginienses szepe fecissent multa
the Carthaginians [often] might have done (had done) many
nefanda facinora et in pace et per  inducias,
abominable acts both in peace and through truces,
ipsi nunquam fecere talia per occasionem ;

they never did such (things) through opportunity

querebant magis quod foret
though opportunity offered]; they didseek rather what might be

dignum se, quam quod posset  fieri jure
worthy themselves, than what might to be done with right

in illog. Conscripti patres, hoc est item providendum
unto them. Conscript fathers, this is likewise to be-provided-for

vobis, scelus Publi Lentuli et
to (by) you, (that) the wickedness of Publius lLentulus and

cxterorum ne-valeat plis apud vos, quam
the rest may not-prevail more among (with) you, than

vestra dignitas, neu consulatis vestre ire
your-own dignity, nor (that) you may consult to your anger

magis quam fame. Nam si digna pena
more than to character. For if worthy punishment

reperitur pro factis eorum, approbo novum consilium:
is found for the deeds of them, I approve the new counsel ;

sin magnitudo  ssceleris = exsuperat ingenia
but-if the magnitude of the wickedness exceed the understandings

omnium; censeo utendum lis
vf all; I think to-use (We must-use) those (punishmente),SALLUSTIL CATILIWA, 8]

quee comparata-sunt legibus. Plerique eorum, qui

which have been provided by the laws. Most of those, who
dixerunt sententias ante me, miserati-sunt
have expressed (their) opinions before me, have bewailed
casum reipublicee composité atque

the misfortune of the republic elegantly (in fine language) and

magnificé: enumeravere que esset sevitia belli:
magnificently : they have enumerated what might be the cruelty of war:

que acciderent victis; virgines, pueros rapl ;
what might befall to the conquered; virgins, boys to be dragged-away;

liberos divelli & complexu  parentum; matres

children tobe torn from the embrace of parents; mothers
familiarum pati, gue collibuissent  victoribus ;
of families to suffer, what might have pleased to the conquerors;
fana atque domos expoliari; cadem, incendia
temples and houses tobe pillaged; slaughter, burnings
fieri ; postremo, omnia compleri armis,
to be made; lastly, all (places) to be filled with arms,
cadaveribus, cruore, atque luctu. Sed, per

dead-bodies, gore, and grief. But, by (in the name of )
immortalis (immortales) deos, qud_ illa  oratio
the immortal gods, where __ that speech
pertinuit ? An” oti

has tended? (what was the object of that speech]? Whether that

faceret vos infestos conjurationi? Scilicet, oratio
he might make you hostile to the conspiracy ? Forsooth, a speech

accendet eum, quem tanta atque tam atrox res

shallinflame him, whom so-great and so heinous a thing
non-permovit! Hst non ita: neque sux injuris
has not-affected ! Itis not so: neither their-own injuries
videntur parye cuiquam mortalium: multi habuere
seom small to any of mortals : many have had
eas ss gravilis gquo. Sed, conscripti
(accounted) them more-severely (than) just. But, conscript
patres, alia licentia est  aliis.
fathers, another /difference) license is todifferent (persons).

Qui demissi
[There is a difference in the freedom of action.] (They) who cast-downERENT OY eee ar ene ree hoy SE Pree ee reed re Te ert Teer c att a tts alah Perera te hia toro |

hended nick bad dedindn Rieahemeetme mah eine ae ae we De bey ph ape peeeneteiett eet “

eras

82 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

agunt vitam in obscuro, si deliquere
spend (their) life in obscure (obscurity), [if they] have offended

uid, jracundi& pauci sciunt: fama
(in) any (thing) [by anger] few know (it): the fame

atque fortuna eorum sunt pares: cuncti mortales
and fortune of them are eaual: all mortals

novere facta eorum qui, preediti magno
have known (know) the deeds of those who, endowed with great

imperio, agunt eetatem in excelso. Ita
authority, spend (their) life in lofty (station). Thus

minuma licentia est in maxuma fortuna.
the least license fof action] is in the greatest fortune

Decet neque studere, neque  odisse, sed
It becomes neither to favour, neither to have hated (to hate), but

minumé irasci. Ha que dicitur iracundia apud
least-of-all to-be-angry. That which is called anger amongst

alios, appellatur superbia atque crudelitas ip
others (some), is called pride and cruelty iv

imperio. Equidem, conscripti patres, ego sic existumé
authority. Indeed, conscript fathers, I thus thin]

omnis cruciatus esse minores quam facinora ilorum
all tortures to be less than the crimes of them

Sed plerique mortales meminere postrema,
But most mortals have remembered (remember) the last

et obliti sceleris eorum, disserunt
(occurrences), and having forgotten the crime of them, discuss
de pena in impiis hominibus, si ea
of punishment in (the case of) impious men, if it

fuerit pauld —_severior. Scio certé
may have been a little more-severe (too-severe). 1 know surely

Decium Silanum, fortem atque strenuum virum,
Decius Silanus, a brave and strenuous man,
dixisse, que dixerit (perf. sub.) studio reipublice:
to have said, what he may have said (has said) from zeal for the republic:

neque illum exercere gratiam
neither him to exercise [that he neither exercised] favour
aut inimicitias tanta re: cognovi eos

or enmities in so-great a thing: I have known these (to be)SALLUSTII CATILINA, 83

mores, eam modestiam viri. Veriim sententia
the principles, that the moderation of the man. But the opinion
ejus videtur mihi non crudelis (enim quid potest

ofhim seems tome not cruel (for what can

fieri crudele in talis (tales) homines ?) sed aliena
be done cruel against such men ?) but foreign

A nostr4 republica. Nam profecto,
(averse) from our republic (constitution). For indeed,

Silane, aut metus aut injuria subegit te consulem
x a S
Silane, either fear or injury compelled thee a consul

designatum, decernere novum genus pone. Est
elect, to decree @ new kind of punishment. It is

Supervacaneum disserere de  timore, ciim tanta
useless to discuss concerning fear, when so-great

presidia sint in armis presenti diligentia
guards may be (are) in arms by the prompt diligence

clarissimi viri, consulis. Equidem possum dicere
of a most-renowned man, the consul. Indeed T can say

id de poend, quod res habet:
that of punishment, which the thing has (imports): [that]

mortem esse requiem gzrumnarum, non
death to be [is] a rest of (from) toils,

cruciatum, in luctu atque miseriis; eam
a torture, in grief and miseries; [that] it (death)

dissolvere cuncta mala mortalium; locum
to dissolve [dissolves] all [the] evils of mortals ; a place

esse ultra neque
to be beyond (it) neither [that there is no place beyond it either]

cure neque gaudio. Sed _ per
for care neither [or] joy. But by (in the name of )

immortalis (immortales) deos, quamobrem addidisti
the immortal gods, why hast thou added

non in sententiam, uti animadverteretur prius in
not to theopinion, that it might be animadverted before against

€08 verberibus? An, quia
them (they should be the first punished) with stripes? Whether, because

not

Porcia lex vetat? At alize leges item jubent vitam
the Porcianlaw forbids? But other laws also order life

    
 
   
  
   
   
  
 
   
   
    
 
   
 
 
    
  
 
     
     
   
    
  
    
   
   
 
  
  

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pale hel elytra te eet etn al

84. SALLUSTII OATILINA.

non eripi condemnatis civibus, sed exsilium
not besnatched from condemned citizens, but exile

e e . e e \Y
ermitti. An quia est gravius verberarl quam
to be allowed. Whether because itis  severer to be scourged than

necari ? Autem quid est acerbum aut
to be put-to-death ? But what is bitter or

nimis grave in homines convictos tanti facinoris ?
too severe against mren convicted of so-great a crime ?

Sin, quia est levius, qui convenit
But-if, because it is more-light (too light), by what (how) is-it-consistent

observare legem in minore negotio, cum neg-
to observe the law in a less business, when thou mayest

lexeris (perf. sub.) eam in majore? At,
nave-neglected it in agreater? But, (some will say)

enim quis reprehendat quod

[why all this debate] for who may reprove what
decretum-erit in parricidas reipublice ?

shall have been decreed against the parricides of the republic? (I answer),

Tempus, dies, fortuna, lubido cujus

time, days (occasion), fortune, the pleasure (caprice) of which

moderatur gentibus. Quidquid evenerit, acci-

rules to nations. Whatsoever shall have occurred, will hap-

det meritd illis: cetertm, conscripti patres,
pen deservedly to them: but [for the rest], conscript fathers,

vos-considerate quid statuatis in alios. Omnia
consider-ye what you may resolve against others. All

mala exempla orta-sunt ex bonis initiis: sed ubi
bad examples have arisen from good beginnings: but when

imperium pervenit ad ignaros, aut minus bonos,
authority comes to the ignorant, or less good,

illud novum exemplum transfertur ab  dignis
that new example (precedent) is transferred from the worthy

et idoneis, ad indignos et non-idoneos. Lacedemonii,

and fit, to the unworthy and unfit. The Lacedemonians,
Atheniensibus devictis, imposuere triginta
the Athenians having been conquered, placed-over (them) thirty

viros, qui tractarent rempublicam. Hi primo ccepere
men, who might manage the republic. These at-first beganSALLUSTII CATILINA. 85
necare quemque pessumum et invisum omnibus,
to put-to-death every-one most-base and odious to all,
indemnatum: populus letari eo, et dicere
uncondemned: the people (began) to rejoice in that, and to say
_ fieri meritd. Post ubi  licentia  crevit,
(it) to be done deservedly. After when misrule increased,
paulatim interficere bonos et malos lubi

[by degrees] (they began) to kill the good and_ bad capri

dinosé, terrere cxteros metu. Ita civitas, oppressa
ciously, toaffright others by fear. Thus the state, oppressed

servitute, dedit pcenas  stulte leetitie.  Cim

by slavery, gave punishments of foolish gladness, When
victor Sulla, nostra memoria, jussit Damasippum
the conqueror Sylla, in our memory, ordered Damasippus
et alios hujusmodi, qui creverant malo

and others of this kind, who had increased by the misfortune

reipublice jugulari, quis laudabat non factum
of the republic to be strangled, who did praise not the deed

ejus ? Aiebant, scelestos et factiosos homines,
of him? They did say, wicked and factious men,

qui exagitaverant rempublicam  seditionibus
who had harassed the republic by seditions (to be)

meritO necatos. Sed ea res fuit initium magne
deservedly put-to-death. But that thing was the beginning of great

cladis. Namque uti quisque concupiverat domum
slaughter. For as  every-one had desired a house

aut villam, postremo aut vas aut vestimentum
or a villa, finally either the vase (plate) or clothing

alicujus, dabat operam, ut is esset in
of any-one, hedid give exertion, that that (person) should be in

numero proscriptorum. Ita ili, quibus' mors

the number of the proscribed. Thus they, to whom the death
Damasippi fuerat letitie, ipsi trahebantur
of Damasippus had been for gladness, themselves were dragged

pauld pdst, neque fuit finis jugulandi,
(to execution) alittle after, neither was an end of strangling

priusquam Sulla explevit omnes  suos
before-that Sylla filled all his-own (friends!

8

3
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:

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te eee retort et ay

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ee ed ee eee eee ete ee ee

86 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

divitiis. Atque ego vereor non hoc in Marco Tullio,
with riches. And I fear not this in Marcus Tullius,

neque his temporibus. Sed multa et varia
neither in these times. But many and various

ingenia sunt in magna civitate. Aliquid falsum
dispositions are in a great state. Some (thing) false

potest credi pro vero, alio tempore,
can to be believed for true, in another time, (under)

alio consule, cui item exercitus sit Im manu.
another consul, to whom also an army maybe in hand

Ubi consul eduxerit gladium per
[entrusted]. When the consul shall have drawn the sword by

decretum senattis, hoc exemplo, quis  statuet
a decree of the senate, from this precedent, who shall assign

finem illi, aut quis moderabitur ? Conscripti
alimit tohim, or who  shallrestrain (him)? Conscript

patres, nostri majores neque unquam eguere consilii
fathers, our ancestors neither ever wanted of counsel

neque audaciz: neque superbia obstabat, quo
nor of boldness: neither pride did oppose, that

minus-imitarentur aliena instituta, si modo
they would less-imitate (not imitate) foreign institutes, if only

erant proba. Sumpserunt arma atque militaria

they were good. They took arms and military
tela ab Samnitibus: pleraque insignia magis-
weapons from the Samnites: most ensigns of magis-
iratuum ab Tuscis: postremd exsequebantur
trates from the Tuscans: finally they practised

summo studio domi, quod videbatur idoneum
with the utmost zeal at home, what did seem fit

ubique apud socios aut hostis
fand best for their use] every-where among allies or enemies:

(hostes): malebant imitari, quam invidere bonis.
they had-rather to imitate, than to envy tothe good.

Sed imitati
| They preferred imitating to envying what was good.] But having imitated

morem Greecize illo eodem tempore, animadvertebant
the custom ofGreece in that same time, they did animadvertSALLUSTII CATILINA.

verberibus in civis (cives), sumebant
(punish) with stripes against citizens they did take

summum supplicium de condemnatis. Postquam
the utmost punishment of the condemned. After

respublica adolevit, et factiones valuere
the republic grew-up (flourished), and factions prevailed

multitudine civium, innocentes coepere circumveniri,
by the multitude of citizens, the innocent began to be beset,

alia hujusmodi fieri: tune Porcia lex, que
other (things) ofthis kind tobe done: then the Porcian law, and

aliz leges, parate-sunt, quibus legibus exsilium

other laws, were prepared, by which laws exile
permissum-est damnatis. Conscripti patres, ego
was allowed to the condemned. Conscript fathers, I

puto hance causam in-primis magnam, quo
think this reason particularly great, in-order-that

minus-caplamus novum consilium.
we may less (not) take anew counsel. [Deviate from the counsel

Profecto, virtus atque sapientia
and usages of our forefathers.] Indeed, virtue and wisdom

fuit major in illis, qui fecere imperium tantum
has been greater in those, who have made the government so-great

ex parvis opibus quam in nobis, qui vix retinemus
from small resources than in us, who scarcely retain

ea bené parta. Igitur _ placet e08
those (things) well acquired. Therefore does it please (me) them

dimitti, et .exercitum Catilinz augeri !
to be dismissed, and the army of Catiline to be increased?

Minumé: sed censeo ita: pecunias eorum
By-no-means: but Ithink thus: the moneys (property) of them

publicandas, ipsos habendos in vinculis _ per

to-be-confiscated, themselves _to-be-kept in bonds through
municipia, que maxume-valent oopibus, neu
the municipal-towns, which are-most-strong in resources, nor

quis postea referat ad senatum,
any-one afterwards mayrefer to the senate [normay any one here-

neve agat cum
aftes refer their case to the senate], nor may act (treat) with

 

ee eT ae ee

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88 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

populo de _ his: senatum existumare eum, qui
the people concerning them: the senate to think him, whe

fecerit aliter, facturum contra rempublicam et
shall have done otherwise, about-to-do against the republic and

salutem omnium.
the safety of all.

Postquam Cesar fecit finem dicendi, ceteri

After Cesar made  anend of speaking, the others
assentiebantur varie verbo, alius alii.
did assent variously in word, another (one) to another.

[The others gave merely their verbal assent variously to the opinion of

At Marcus Porcius Cato

each of those who had spoken.] But Marcus Porcius Cato
rogatus sententiam, habuit orationem
being asked (his) - opinion, had (delivered) @ speech
hujuscemodi.
of- this-kind.

Conscripti patres, mens longe alia est mihi,

Conscript fathers, amind far other (different) is to me,

clim considero res atque nostra pericula, et cim

when JIconsider things and our dangers, and when
ipse yreputo mecum sententias nonnullorum.
(I my) self revolve owithme _ the opinions of some.
Tlli videntur mihi disseruisse de pond  eorum,
They seem to me to have discussed of the punishment of those,
qui paravere bellum patriz, parentibus,

who have prepared war to (against their) country, parents,

suis aris atque focis: autem res monet magis
their altars and _ hearths: but the thing advises rather

cavere ab illis, quam consultare, quid statuamus
to beware from them, than to deliberate, what we may determine

in illos. Nam _ persequare alia maleficia
against them. For thou mayest persecute (punish) other crimes

tum, ubi facta-sunt: nisi provideris, ne
then, when they have been done: unless thou shalt have provided, lest

hoc _accidat, implores judicia frustra, ubi
this may happen, thou mayest implore judgments in-vain, wherSALLUSTII CATILINA. 89
evenit. Urbe capta, nihil —reliqui
% has happened. The city having been taken, nothing of remaining
fit victis. Sed per

Is made (nothing is left) to the vanquished. But by (in the name of)

immortalis (immortales) Deos, ego appello vos, qui
the immortal Gods, I address you, who

semper fecistis pluris vestras domos,
always have made of more (have valued more) your houses,

villas, signa, tabulas, quam rempublicam: si vultis
villas, statues, pictures, than the republic: if you will

retinere ista cujuscumque modi sint, que
to retain these (things), of whatever kind they may be, which

amplexamini ; Si prebere otium
you embrace; [are so fond of] if [you wish] to afford leisure

vestris voluptatibus; aliquando

expergiscimini,
to your pleasures ;

sometime (at length) arouse,

et  capessite rempublicam. Non-agitur

and take-in-hand [and defend] the republic. It is not acted
de vectigalibus, non de _ injuriis
(we are not treating) of taxes, not of the injuries

sociorum: nosira libertas et anima est in dubio.
of allies: our liberty and life is in a doubtful

Conscripti patres, sepenumero  feci multa
(state). Conscript fathers, oftentimes Ihave made many

verba in hoc ordine:
words in this order (house): [I have often spoken in the senate:]

sepé questus-sum de luxurid atque avaritia
often I have complained of the luxury and avarice

nostrorum civium : que habeo multos mortalis (mortales)
of our citizens: and have many mortals

adversos ed causa: qui fecissem
adverse (to me) from that account: (I) who might have made (had made)

unquam gratiam nullius delicti mihi atque meo

ever indulgence of no fault tomyself and tomy
animo, haud
mind, [I who never granted indulgence to myself for a fault, ] not

facilé condonabam wmalé-facta lubidini  alterius.
sasily did pardon bad-deeds to the passion of another.

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OE a eee ee ee OO ee ae

90

 

SALLUSTII CATILINA.

Sed tametsi vos pendebatis ea parvi,
But although you did esteem those (things) of little (consequence)

tamen respublica erat firma: opulentia tolerabat
yet the republic was __ strong: opulence did support

negligentiam. Vero nunc id agitur non, ne
negligence. But [now] that istreated not, whether

vivamus bonis an malis moribus; neque
we may live (we live) with good or bad morals ; neither

quantum aut quam magnificum imperium Romani
how-great or how magnificent the government of the Roman

populi sit; sed an hee, cujuscumque modi
people may-be; but whether these (things), of whatever kind

videntur, sint futura nostra, an und nobis-cum,
they appear, may-be about-to-be ours, or together with-uy,

hostium.
of (belonging to) the enemies. [Whether all these things may belong te

Quisquam
us, or together with ourselves belong to the enemy}. (Does) any-one

hic nominat mihi mansuetudinem et misericordiam ?
here name [to me] mildness and mercy ?

Jampridem equidem amisimus vera vocabula rerum;

Long-since indeed we have lost the true titles of things;
quia largiri aliena bona vocatur liberalitas;
because to bestow another’s goods _is called liberality ;
audacia malarum rerum,  fortitudo; ed
boldness of (in) bad things, fortitude ; therefore
respublica est sita in extremo. Quoniam
the republic is situate in extreme (danger). Since

mores habent se __ita, sint sane liberales
manners have themselves so, let (them) be indeed liberal

ex  fortunis soclorum ; sint misericordes
eat-of the fortunes of (our) allies; let (them) be compassionate

in furibus serarii: ne ithe largiantur
towards thethieves of thetreasury: not tothem may they bestow

nostrum sanguinem,
our blood, [let them only not bestow our blood on them},

et dum parcunt paucis (dat.) sceleratis, eant
and whilst theyspare a few wicked (men), they may geSALLUSTII CATILINA.

perditum omnis(omnes) bonos. Caius Cesar
to destroy all the good. Caius Casar
disseruit pauld anté, in hoe ordine, bene et

sas discussed alittle before, in this order (house), well and

composité de vita et morte; credo, existumans
elegantly about life and death; I believe, thinking

ea falsa, quee memorantur de inferis,
those (things) false, which are related of the low (regions), [that]

malos habere tetra, inculta, foeda, atque
the bad tohave (inhabit) noisome, waste, filthy, [and]

formidolosa loca, diverso  itinere a bonis.
dreadfal places, in a different | way (direction) from the good.

Itaque censuit pecunias eorum
Therefore he has decided the moneys (property) of them

publicandas, ipsos habendos in custodiis
to-be-confiscated, themselves to-be-kept in custodies (prison)

per municipia; videlicet, ne, si sint Rome,
through the municipal-towns; forsooth, lest, if they may be at Rome,

eripiantur per vim, aut a popularibus
they may be rescued through force, either by the accomplices

conjurationis, aut a conduct& multitudine. Quasi

of the conspiracy, or by a/ hired multitude. As-if
verO mali atque scelesti sint (sub.) tantummodo
indeed bad and wicked (men) may be (are) only
in urbe, et non per’ totam Italiam; aut
in the city, and not through the whole Ttaly ; or
audacia non-possit plus ibi, ubi sunt
boldness may not-be able (te do) more there, where (there) are
minores opes ad-defendendum. Quare
less resources to-defend [means of defence]. Wherefore

equidem hoc consilium est vanum, si metuit periculum
indeed this advice is vain, if he fears danger

ex iis. Sin solus timet non in tanto metu
from them. But-if (he) alone fears not in_ so-great fear

omnium, refert me timere magis mihi, atque
of all, it concerns me to fear the more yor me, and

vobis. Quare cum statuetis de Publio
for you. Wherefore when you shall determine concerning Publius

eS ee eer ee ee ee ee

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bogeet ie bea agp eerete tates eet

we ee we ee rot ee foe ee he ee ee ee re oa

92 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

Lentulo que ceteris; habetote pro certo, vos
Lentalus and _ the others; have (it) for certain, [that] you
simul decernere de  exercitu Catiline,
at-the-same-time to decree [decree] concerning the army of Catiline,
et de omnibus = conjuratis. Quanto
and concerning all the conspirators. By how-much
attentitis agetis ea, tanto

the more-attentively (vigorously) you shall do those (things), by so-much

animus erit infirmior illis: si viderint
mind (spirit) shall be weaker to them: if they shall have seen

vos languere mod6d paululim, aderunt § feroces.
you tolanguish only a-little, they will be-present fierce.

[The more vigorously you act, the more you will dispirit them; the more

Nolite

remissly you act, the more you will encourage them.] Be-unwilling

existumare nostros majores fecisse rem-
to think [that] our ancestors to have made [made] the re-

publicam magnam ex parva armis. Si
public great from (being) small by arms [alone]. If

res esset (zmp. sub.) ita, nos haberemus eam
the thing might be (were) SO, we might have it

multdé pulcherrumam : quippe major copia
by-much the most-fair (splendid) : for a greater. abundance

sociorum atque civium, preterea armorum atque
of allies and of citizens, |§ moreover of arms and

equorum, est nobis quam _illis. Sed alia
of horses, is tous than to them [our ancestors]. But other

fuere, que fecere illos magnos, que sunt
(things) were, which made them great, which are

nulla nobis: industria, domi ;
none tous [which we have not]: industry of (at) home;

justum imperium foris; animus liber in consulendo;
just government abroad; amind free in deliberating ;

neque obnoxius delicto, neque Iubidini. Pro!) hig
neither subservient to crime, nor to passion. Instead-of these

nos habemus luxuriam atque avaritiam: egestatem

we have luxury and avarice ; wantSALLUSTII CATILINA. 98

$ %& ° ° e e e,e
publicé, opulentiam privatim: laudamus divitias,
publicly, opulence privately : we praise riches,

sequimur inertiam: nullum discrimen inter
we follow sloth : (we make) no difference between

bonos et malos; ambitio possidet omnia preemia
the good and the bad; ambition possesses all the rewards

virtutis. Neque mirum, ubi vos capitis consilium
of virtue. Nor (is it) wonderful, when you take counse]
separatim, quisque sibi; ubi domi _ servitis

separately, every one for himself; when at home you are-slaves

voluptatibus, hic pecuniz aut gratix;  e0 fit,
to pleasures, here tomoney or to interest; therefore it is made

ut impetus fiat in vacuam
(happens), that an attack may be made against the empty (defenceless)

rempublicam. Sed ego omitto hee. Nobilis-
republic. But I omit these (things). Most-

sumi cives conjuravere incendere patriam ;
noble citizens have conspired to burn (their) country ;

arcessunt ad bellum gentem Gallorum, infestis-
they invite to war the nation of the Gauls, most-

sumam Romano nomini;  dux hostium _ est
hostile tothe Roman name: the leader of the enemies is

supra caput cum exercitu: Vos
over head (is close at hand) with an army: (Do) you

etiam nunc cunctamini et dubitatis, quid  faciatis
even now hesitate and doubt, what you may do

hostibus deprehensis intra moenia? Censeo mise-
to enemies apprehended within the walls? I suppose you may

reamini ; adolescentuli homines deliquére per
pity (them); the very-young men have erred through
ambitionem: atque dimittatis etiam armatos!
ambition : and you may dismiss (them) even armed !
Nz ista mansuetudo et misericordia vertet in
Truly that mildness and mercy will turn into
miseriam vobis, si illi ceperint arma. Scilicet,
ruin to you, if they shall have taken arms. Forsooth,

res ipsa est aspera, sed vos timetis non
the thing itself is harsh [dangerous], but you fear not

eee ee ee eee ee

a ee SOT ee On nnre oo et to io ees

a a al ol eb on beyb ee aye peer mpetaty te ot et

Er Laie aka bee oe cae

U4 SALLUSTII CATILINA,

eam! Immo, verd maxume; sed expectantes, alius

it! Nay, indeed very-much; but awaiting, one
alium, cunctamini inertid et mollitid animi,
another, you hesitate from indolence and effeminacy of mind,
videlicet confisi immortalibus diis, qui seepé servavére
forsooth trusting tothe immortal gods, who often have preserved

hane rempublicam in maxumis periculis. Auxilia
this republic in the greatest dangers. The aids

deorum parantur non votis, neque muliebribus
ofthe gods are procured not by vows, nor womanish

suppliciis ; omnia cedunt prosperé _vigi-
supplications ; all (things) yield (occur) prosperously by watch-

lando, agendo, consulendo bené. Implores
ing, by acting, by consulting well. Thou mayest implore

deos nequicquam, ubi tradideris (perf. sub.)
the gods in-vain, when thou mayest have (hast) delivered

te socordiz atque ignavie: sunt
thee to heartlessness (slothfulness) and indolence: they are

irati que infesti. Apud nostros majores Aulus

angry and hostile. Among our ancestors Aulus
Manlius Torquatus jussit filium necarl
Manlius Torquatus ordered (his) son to be put-to-death

Gallico bello, quod is pugnaverat in hostem
in the Gallic war, because he had fought against an enemy

contra imperium: atque ille egregius adolescens dedit
against order: and that excellent young-man gave

cenas morte immoderatze fortitudinis.
(suffered) punishments by death of (for his) excessive bravery

Vos-cunctamini, quid statuatis de crudelissumis
Do you-hesitate, what you may resolve concerning the most-crue)

parricidis? Videlicet catera vita eorum obstat
parricides ? Forsooth therest (former) life ofthem opposes

huic sceleri! Verum parcite dignitati Lentuli,
(excuses) tothis wickedness! But spare to the dignity of Lentulus,
si ipse pepercit unquam pudicitize, si suze fame,
if he has spared ever to chastity, if to his-own character,

si ullis diis aut hominibus. Ignoscite adolescentize
tf ty any gods or to men. Pardon to the youtkSALLUSTM CATILINA. 95
Cethegi, nisi fecit jam iterum bellum
of Cethegus, unless he has made already again war (against his}
patrie. Nam quid ego-loquar de Gabinio, Statilio,
country. For what shall-I-speak of Gabinius, Statilius,
Ceepario, quibus si quidquam _ pensi fuisset
Ceparius, towhom if any of consideration might have been
(plup. sub.) unquam, habuissent non
(had been) ever, they might have held not (had not held)

ea consilia de  republica?
those counsels concerning the republic? [Wno, if they ever had any

reflection, would not have entertained those designs against the republic. ]

Postrem6, conscripti patres, si locus esset
Lastly, conscript fathers, if place might be (if there were

peccato, mehercule, facile-paterer vos corrigi
room) for error, [by Hercules,] I would easily-suffer you to be corrected

re ipsa, quoniam contemnitis verba. Sed
by the thing itself, since you despise words. But
sumus circumventi undique: Catilina urget
we are beset on-every-side:  Catiline presses to (our}
faucibus cum exercitu: alii hostes sunt intra
jaws (closely) with anarmy: other enemies are within
moenia, atque in sinu _ urbis. Neque potest
the walls, and in the bosom of the city. Neither can
quidquam parari neque consuli occulté: quo
any (thing) be prepared nor be consulted secretly: wherefore

est properandum magis.
itis to-be-hastened the more. [Wherefore speedy action is required. ]

Quare ego ita censeo. Cum respublica  venerit
Therefore I thusdetermine. Since therepublic may have come

(perf. sub.) in maxuma pericula nefario consilio
(has come) into the greatest dangers by the horrible counsels

sceleratorum civium; que hi convicti-sint (perf. sub.)

of wicked citizens; and these may have been convicted
indicio Titi Vulturcii, et legatorum Allo-

by the information of Titus Vulturcius, and of the ambassadors of the Al-

brogum, que confessi-(sint) (perf. sub.) paravisse
lebroges, and may have eonfessed to have prepared

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oe:

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towers Nene

ere Perr oc ete es

A aga reoet aaah

ere Oe er er

Serna Fe eee NOt eet eee

SALLUSTII CATILINA.

cedem, incendia, que alia foda atque erudelia
murder, burnings, and other abominable and cruel

facinora in civis (cives) que patriam ;
crimes against (their) citizens and country; (that)

supplicium sumendum, more majorum, de
punishment be-taken, by the custom of (our) ancestors, of

confessis, sicuti de manifestis
(on those) having confessed, as of (those) manifest (clearly

capitalium rerum.”
convicted} of capital things (crimes).”

Postquam Cato assedit, omnes consulares,
After Cato  sat-down, all the consular (men),

que item magna pars senatis, laudant sententiam
and also agreat part of the senate, praise the opinion

ejus; ferunt virtutem animi ad cclum:
of him; pear (extol) the virtue of (his) mind to heaven:

alii increpantes vocant alios timidos: Cato habetur
others chiding call others fearful : Cato is had

clarus atque magnus: decretum senati
(accounted) renowned and great: a decree of the senate

fit, sicut ille censuerat. Sed forté lubuit
ig made, as he had determined. But by chance it has pleased

mihi, legenti multa, audienti multa preclara facinora,
tome, reading many, hearing many illustrious exploits,

uz Romanus populus fecit domi que militia,
which the Roman people has done at-home and at war

mari atque terra, attendere, que res

(abroad), by sea and by land, to consider, what thing
sustinuisset maxumeée tanta negotia. Sciebam
might have sustained chiefly so-great affair, I did know
sepenumerd contendisse parva manu cum
(them) oftentimes to have contended withasmall band with
magnis legionibus hostium: cognoveram bella gesta
great legions of enemies: [Ihave known wars carried-on
parvis coplis cum opulentis regibus :
‘by them] with small forces with opulent (powerful) kings :
ad hoe sepé toleravisse

yadd) to this [that they] often to have borne [have sustained]SALLUSTII CATILINA. Ov

violentiam fortune : Greecos fuisse ante
the violence offortune: [that] the Greeks to have been [were] before

Romanos facundidé, Gallos gloria belli. Ac
the Romans ineloquence, the Gauls in the glory of war. And

constabat mihi, agitanti multa egregiam
it was evident tome, discussing many (things), [that] the singular

virtutem paucorum civium patravisse cuncta ;
virtue of a few citizens to have performed [performed] all

que factum eo, uti paupertas
(things); and (it was) done (came to pass) by that, that poverty

superaret (zmp. sud.) divitias, paucitas multitudinem.
might overcome (overcame) riches, fewness multitude.

Sed postquam civitas corrupta-est luxu atque
But after the state was corrupted by luxury and

desidiad, respublica sustentabat rursus  vitia
by inactivity, the republic did support again the vices of (its)

imperatorum atque magistratuum su& magnitudine;
generals and magistrates from its-own greatness ;

ac sicuti parente effeta, sané haud quisquam
and as-if the parent (having been) worn-out, indeed not any-one

magnus virtute fuit Rome multis tempestatibus.
great in virtue has been at Rome for many seasons (periods).

Sed fuere med memoria duo viri, Marcus Cato
But (there) were inmy memory two men, Marcus Cato

et Caius Cesar, ingenti virtute, diversis moribus,
and Caius Cesar, with (of) great virtue, with different manners,

quos quoniam res obtulerat, fuit non
whom since the thing (the subject) has presented, it has been not

consilium preterire silentio, quin aperirem
(my) design to pass-by in silence, but (that) I might disclose

naturam et mores utriusque, gquantim possem

the nature and manners of each, as-much-as I might be-able
ingenio. Igitur genus, ztas, eloquentia fuere propé
by ability. Therefore extraction, age, eloquence were nearly
qualia his ; magnitudo animi par, item

equal to these; (their) greatness of mind equal, likewise (their)
gloria, sed _ alia alii. Ceesar

glory, but other (different) to the other (to each). Ceesar

EEO hee iB

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98 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

habebatur magnus beneficiis ac munificentia,
was had (accounted) great by kindnesses and munificence,

Cato integritate vite. Tle factus clarus
Cato by integrity of life. He (the former) (was) made renowned

mansuetudine et misericordia; severitas addiderat
by mildness and by compassion ; severity had added

dignitatem huic. Cesar adeptus-est gloriam
dignity to this (the latter). Cesar obtained glory

dando, sublevando, ignoscendo; Cato largiundo nihil.
by giving, by relieving, by pardoning; Cato by bestowing nothing.

Perfugium miseris in altero pernicies
A refuge to the wretched (was) in the other (one), destruction
malis in altero. Facilitas illius,

tothebad in the other. The easiness (of access) of that (the former),
constantia hujus laudabatur. Postremd, Cesar
the constancy of this (the latter) was praised. Finally, Ceesar
induxerat in animum

laborare, vigilare,
had induced into (his) mind (had resolved) to labour, to watch,

intentus hegotiis amicorum, negligere sua,
intent to (on) the affairs of friends, to neglect his-own,
denegare nihil, quod esset (imp. sub.) dignum dono;
to deny nothing, wk .ch might be (was) worthy a gift ;
exoptabat sibi magnum imperium, exercitum, novum
he did wish for himself great command, an army, a new
bellum, ubi virtus posset enitescere. At
war, where (his) valour might be-able to shine-forth. But

studium  modestie, decoris, sed maxume severitatis,
a zeal of (for) moderation, of propriety, but chiefly of strictness,

erat Catoni. Certabat non cum divite divitiis, neque
was to Cato. Hedid contend not with the rich in riches, neither

eum factioso factione; sed cum

strenuo virtute,
with the factious in faction; but

with the strenuous in virtue,

cum modesto pudore, cum innocente abstinenti4:

with the modest in modesty, with the innocent in abstinence

malebat esse bonus quam videri; ita,
[and purity]: he had-rather to be good than to seem (so); thus,
quo minis petebat gloriam, ed mags

by what (how much) less he did seek glory, by thet the moreSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 99

adsequebatur. Postquam, uti dixi, senatus dis-
it did attend (him). After, as [have said, the senate de

cessit in sententiam Catonis: consul _ratus
parted into[adopted] the opinion of Cato: the consul having deemed

optumum factu antecapere noctem, que instabat,
(it) best to be done to anticipate the night, which did press.on

ne quid novaretur ea
lest any (thing) might be renewed (might be changed) in tha

spatio, jubet triumviros parare, quee
space fof time], orders the triumviri (sheriffs) to prepare, what
supplicium postulabat ; ipse, presidiis — dispositis,

the punishment did require; he, the guards having been arranged,

deducit Lentulum in carcerem; idem fit ceteris
leads-down lLentulus into prison; the same is done to the rest

per preetores. Hst locus in  carcere, quod
by the pretors. There is aplace in the prison, which

appellatur Tullianum, depressus circiter duodecim
is called Tullianum, sunk about twelve

pedes humi, ubi ascenderis paululam
feet of (in) the ground, where thou shalt have ascended a little

ad levam. Parietes atque camera insuper, vincta

to __ the left. Walls and avault from-above, bound
lapideis fornicibus, muniunt eum undique: sed
Pp :

by stone arches, secure it on-every-side: but

facies ejus est foeda atque terribilis incultu,

the appearance of it is filthy and terrible from dirt

tenebris, odore. Postquam Lentulus

[from neglect], darkness, [and] stench. After-that Lentulus

demissus in eum locum, vindices capitalium

(was) sent-down into that place, the avenger of capital
rerum, quibus praeceptum-erat, fregére

things (executioner), to whom it had been commanded, broke (his)

gulam laqueo. Ita ille patricius ex
throat with a rope [strangled him], Thus that patrician of

clarissima gente Corneliorum, qui habuerat
the most-renowned nation (family) of the Cornelii, who had had

consulare imperium Rome, invenit exitum vite
ths consuli: authority of (at) Rome, found anend of life

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100 SALLUSTIL €ATILINA.

dignum suis moribus que factis. Supplicium
worthy his manners and deeds. Punishment

sumptum-est eodem modo de  Cethego, Statilio
was-taken in the same manaer of (on) Cethegus, Statilius,

Gabinio, Cepario.

Gabinius, Ceparius.
Dum ea geruntur Rome, Catilina
Whilst those (things) are carried-on at Rome, Catiline

instituit duas legiones ex omni copia, quam ipse

formed two legions out-of all theforce, which he
adduxerat, et Manlius habuerat;
had led {had brought with him], and Manlius had had ;
complet cohortes pro numero militum;
he fills-up the cohorts according-to (his) number of soldiers ;
dein uti quisque voluntarius, aut eX  soclis
afterwards as each volunteer, or [those] out-of the allies
venerat in castra, distribuerat eequaliter ; ac
had come into the camp, he had distributed (them) equally; and

expleverat legiones numero hominum brevi spatio;
he had filled-up the legions with the number of men inashort space

cum non-habuisset
(of time); when (whereas) hemight nothave had (he had not)
initio amplits duobus millibus. Sed circitér
inthe beginning more (than) two thousand. But about

quarta pars ex omni copia instructa-erat militaribus
a fourth part out-of all the force had been furnished with military

armis ; ceeteri, ut casus armaverat quemque, portabant

arms ; the rest, as chance had armed each, did carry
sparos aut lanceas, alii praacutas sudes. Sed
javelins or lances, some sharp-pointed stakes. But
postquam Antonius adventabat cum exercitu, Catilina
after-that Antony did approach with an army, Catilina

facere iter per montes: modo
(began) to make (his) march through (over) the mountains: now
movere castra ad urbem, modo versts in Galliam;
to move (his) camps to thecity, now towards into Gaul;
non dare occasionem pugnandi hostibus.

not to give [he did not give an] opportunity of fighting to the enemiesSALLUSTIIT CATILINA. 101

Sperabat se  habiturum propediem magnas copias,

He did hope himself about-to-have shortly great forces,

81 socil patravissent incepta Rome.
if (his) companions might have executed (their) undertakings at Rome.

Interea, fretus opibus conjurationis, repudiabat
Mean-time, relying to (on) the resources of theconspiracy, he did reject

servitia, cujus magnee copie concurrebant
slaveries (slaves), of which great forces (numbers) did run-together

adeum _initio; simul videri
to him in the beginning;  at-the-same-time (thinking it) to seem

alienum suis rationibus, communicAsse causam civium

foreign to his purposes, to have shared __ the cause of citizens

cum fugitivis servis. Sed postquam nuncius pervenit

with fugitive slaves. But after-that a messenger arrived

in castra, conjurationem patefactam

mto the camps, [that] the conspiracy (to be) laid-open [was dis-
Rome ; supplicium sumptum de

covered] at Rome; [that] punishment [was] taken of (on)

Lentulo et Cethego, que ceteris, quos memoravi
Lentulus and Oethegus, and_ the others, whomI have mentioned

supra; plerique, quos spes rapinarum, aut studium
above; many, whom the hope of rapines, or zeal

novarum rerum, illexerat, dilabuntur: Catilina
of new things (change), had allured, slip-away : Catiline

abducit reliquos, magnis itineribus per asperos
leads-off the rest, by great marches through rugged

montis (montes), in Pistoriensem agrum, eo consilio,
mountains, into the Pistorian land, with this design,

uti profugeret occulté per tramites in Galliam. At
that he might escape secretly by by-ways into Gaul. But

Quintus Metellus Celer existumans Catilinam, ex
Quintus Metellus Celer thinking Catiline, from

diffcultate rerum, agitare ila
the difficulty _ of things (his circumstances), to agitate (project) — those

eadem, que diximus supra, presidebat eum
same (things), which we have said above, did preside with

tribus legionibus in Piceno agro. Igitur, ubi
three legions in the Picene land. Therefore, when

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102 SALLUSTII CATILINA.

cognovit iter ejus ex perfugis, movit
he knew [the direction of ] the march of him from deserters, he moved

castra properé, ac consedit sub radicibus —1psis
camps hastily, and encamped under theroots themselves

montium, quad descensus erat illi
(at the foot) of the mountains, where descent was to him (Catiline

properanti in Galliam. Neque tamen Antonius aberat

hastening into Gaul. Neither however Antony was distant
longé, utpote qui sequeretur magno exercitu
far, as (one) who might (did) follow with a great army
expeditos in fugam

the disencumbered (those light armed) into flight (for retreat)

sequioribus locis. Sed Catilina, postquam vidit sese
in more-level places. But Catiline, after-that he saw himself

clausum montibus atque copiis hostium, res adversas
enclosed by mountains and the forces of the enemies, things adverse

in urbe, neque ullam spem fugee, neque presidu,
in the city, neither any hope of flight, nor of protection

ratus optumum factu
[of succour], having deemed (it) the best [thing] to be done [he

tentare fortunam belli in tali_ re,

eould do} to try the fortune of war in such athing (crisis),
statuit confligere Antonio quam-primum.
resolved toengage to (with) Antony as-first (as soon as

Itaque concione advocata, habuit
possible). Therefore an assembly having been called, he (delivered)

orationem hujuscemodi:
@ speech of this-kind:

“Ego habeo compertum, milites! verba
«7 have (it) found, soldiers! [that] words [do]

non addere virtutem viris; neque  exercitum
not toadd (give) valour to men; neither [is] an army

fierl strenuum eX ignavo, neque fortem
to be made [made] vigorous from (being) indolent, nor brave

ex timido, oratione imperatoris. Quanta audacia
from fearful, by the speech of a general. How-much courage

inest animo cujusque, natura aut moribus,
ig-1n to the mind ofevery-one, by nature or _ by dispositions,SALLUSTII CATILINA. 103

tanta solet patere in bello. Nequicquam
80-much is-wont to lie-open (be displayed) in war. In-vain

hortére, quem neque gloria neque pericula
thou mayest exhort (him), whom neither glory nor dangers

excitant: timor animi officit auribus. Sed ego
excite : cowardice of mind obstructs to (his) ears. But I

advocavi vos, quo monerem  pauca,
have assembled you, in-order-that I might advise afew (things),

simul, uti aperirem causam mei consilii
at-the-same-time, that I might disclose the cause of my design.

Milites, scitis quantam cladem  socordia atque
Soldiers, youknow  how-great a defeat the slothfulness and

ignavia Lentuli  attulerit Ipsi que
indolence of Lentulus may have brought (has brought) tohimself and
nobis, que quo modo, dum  opperior preesidia
to us, and in what manner, whilst I am-waiting-for reinforcements

ex urbe, nequiverim (perf. sub.) proficisci
out-of the city, I may have been-unable (I have been unable) to set-out

in Galliam. Verd nunc omnes intelligitis juxta
into Gaul. But now (you) all understand equally

mecum in quo loco nostre res sint. Duo
with me in what situation our things may be (are). Two

exercitus hostium, unus ab urbe, alter & Gallid
armies ofenemies, one _ from the city, the other from Gaul

obstant : egestas frumenti atque aliarum rerum
oppose (us): the want of corn and of other things

prohibet esse diutits in his locis, si animus
prevents (us) tobe longer in these places, if (our) mind

maxumeé-ferat. Iter
may chiefly-bear (incline). [Even if our minds incline us thereto.] A way

est aperiundum ferro, quocunque . placet ire.
is to-be-opened by the sword, wheresoever it pleases (us) to go

Quapropter moneo vos, uti sitis forti atque parato
Wherefore I advise you, that you maybe with brave and prepared
animo, et memineritis, cum inibitis prelium,
mind, and will have remembered, when ye shall enter the battle,

vos portare divitias, decus, gloriam,
you to carry (that you carry) riches, honour, glory,

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SALLUSTII CATILINA.

 

104

preterea libertatem atque patriam, in vestris dextris.
besides liberty and country, in your right

Si vincimus, omnia erunt tuta nobis;
‘hands). If we conquer, all (things) shall be  safu to us;

commeatus abundd, municipia et colonize yatebunt.
provisions abundantly, municipal-towns and colonies will be-open.

Sin cesserimus metu, illa eadem fient
But-if we shall have yielded by fear, those same (things) wii be made

advorse.  Neque quisquam locus neque smicus
adverse. Neither any place nor friend

teget, quem arma texerint non.
will cover (protect) (him), whom arms may have covered not, [Who has

Preeterea, milites, eadem

not protected himself by his arms. | Besides, soldiers, the same
necessitudo non-impendet nobis et illis. Nos
necessity does not-impend to (over) us and them. We
certamus pro patria, pro libertate, pro vita:
contend for (our) country, for liberty, for life :

est supervacaneum illis pugnare pro potentia

it is useless to them __to fight for the power
paucorum. Qud, memores pristine  virtutis,
of a few. Wherefore, mindful of pristine valour,
ageredimini audacius. Licuit vobis
attack (them) the more-boldly. Tt was lawful for you
agere etatem in exsilio cum summ4 turpi-
to act (spend your) age in exile [with] the utmost  base-
tudine: nonnulli potuistis, bonis amissis,

ness: some (of you) have been-able, (your) goods having been lost

exspectare alienas opes Rome: quia illa

to look-to others’ wealth at Rome: because those (things,
videbantur foeda atque intoleranda viris, decre-
did seem foul and intolerable [to men], you have re-

vistis sequi hee. Est opus audacia

solved to follow these (my interests). (There) is need of boldness,
(abl.), si vultis relinquere hee. Nemo, nisi

if you will toleave (to complete) these. No-one, unless
victor, mutavit bellum pace. Nam sperare

a conqueror, has changed war with (for) peace. For to hopeSALLUSTIL CATILINA. 105

salutem in fuga, tum avertere ab hostibus, arma
safety in flight, then to turn-away from the enemies, the arms

uis corpus tegitur, ea est vero dementia.
by which the body is covered, that is indeed madness.

Maxumum periculum est semper lis in preelio, qui
The greatest danger is always tothose in battle, who

timent maxumé: audacia habetur pro muro.
fear most: boldness ishad (accounted) for a wall.

Milites, ciim considero vos, et cum eestumo vestra
Soldiers, when Jconsider you, and when I estimate your

facta, magna spes victorize tenet me. Animus,
deeds, great hope of victory possesses me. (Your) mind,

eetas, vestra virtus hortantur me: preterea neces-
age, your valour encourage me: moreover, neces-

situdo, que facit etiam timidos fortis (fortes). Nam
sity, which makes even the cowardly brave. For

angustiz loci prohibent, ne multitudo hostium
the defiles of the place prohibit, lest the multitude of the enemies

veat circumvenire. Quod si fortuna inviderit
may be-able to surround (us). But if fortune shall have envied

vestree virtuti, cavete, ne  inulti amittatis

to your valour, beware, lest unrevenged you may lose
animam; neu capti, trucidemini, sicuti pecora,
life ; nor taken, you maybe slaughtered, as cattle,
potiis quam  pugnantes more virorum,
rather than fighting in the manner of men,
relinquatis cruentam atque luctuosam victoriam
you may leave a bloody and mournful victory
hostibus.”’
to the enemies.”
Ubi dixit hee, commoratus paululum,
When hesaid these (words), having delayed a little,
jubet signa © canere, atque deducit ordines in
he orders the trumpets to sound, and leads-down theranks' to
eequum locum: dein, equis omnium  remotis,
a level place : then, the horses  allof having been removed,
qud amplior animus esset  militibus,

in-order-that a greater mind (spirit) might be to the soldiers,

ms

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106 SALLUSTIL CATILINA.

periculo exzquato, ipse pedes instruit exercitum

the danger having been equalled, he on-foot arranges the army
pro loco atque copius. Nam, uti planities
according-to the situation and forces. For, as a plain

erat inter montis (montes) sinistros, et aspera rupes
was between the mountains on-the-left, and arugged rock

ab dextera, constituit octo cohortes in fronte;
from the right, he placed eight cohorts in fronts

collocat reliqua signa arctius in
he arranges the remaining standards (divisions) more-closely in

subsidiis. Subducit ab his in primam aciem,
reserves. He jraws-out from these into the first line,

omnis (omnes) lectos, centuriones, et evocatos,
all the chosen, the centurions, and (those) called-out

preterea quemque optumé armatum ex
(veteran), besides every best armed (man) of

gregariis militibus: jubet Caium Manlium curare in
the common _ soldiers: heorders Caius Manlius to command on

dextra parte, quemdam Fesulanum in sinistra :
the right part (wing), a certain Feesulan on the left.

ipse adsistit cum libertis et colonis
he stands with the freedmen and colonists [of Sylla’s army]

propter aquilam, quam Caius Marius dicebatur habuisse
near the eagle, which Caius Marius was said to have had

in exercitu Cimbrico bello. At ex altera parte
in (his) army in the Cimbrian war. But from (on) theother side

Caius Antonius, sger pedibus, permittit exercitum
Caius Antony, diseased in feet, commits the army

Marco Petreio, legato, quod nequibat  adesse
to Marcus Petreius, (his) lieutenant, because he was-unable to be-present

prelio. Ile -locat veteranas cohortes,
io (at) the battle. He (Antony) places the veteran cohorts,

quas conscripserat causa tumulti (tumultis).
which he had levied by cause (on account) of the tumult, ‘

in fronte, czterum exercitum post eas, in subsidiis.
in the front, therest-of the army behind those, in reserves,

Ipse circumiens equo, nominans unumquemque,
Himself (Petreius) going-about on horse, naming each-one,SALLUSTIL CATILINA. 107

appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminer.nt
addresses, encourages, asks (them), that they may have remembered

se cernere contra inermes latrones,
(to remember) themselves to contend against unarmed robbers,

pro patria, pro liberis, pro suis aris atque
for [their] country, for [their] children, for their altars and

focis. Militaris homo, quod fuerat tribunus,
hearths. (This) military man, because he had been tribune,

aut preefectus, aut legatus, aut pretor, amplits
or prefect, or lieutenant, [or  pretor,] more (than)

triginta annos cum magn& gloria in exercitu, noverat
thirty years with = great glory in thearmy, had known

plerosque ipsos, que fortia facta eorum; accendebat
most-of them, and the brave deeds of them; he did kindle

animos militum commemorando ea. Sed ubi,
the spirits of the soldiers by recounting those (things). But when,

omnibus rebus  exploratis, Petreius dat signum

all things having been explored, [Petreius] gives the signal
tuba jubet cohortes incedere paullatim.
by trumpet, (and) orders the cohorts to advance a little.
Exercitus hostium facit idem. Postquam ventum est
The army of the enemies does the same. After it was come

ed, unde prelium posset committi a
they came) there, whence the battle might be engaged-in by

ferentariis, concurrunt maxumo clamore, infestis
she light-armed, they rush with the greatest shout, with hostile
signis; omittunt pila; res geritur gladiis.
standards; cast-aside the javelins ; the affair is-carried-or with swords.

Veterani, memores pristinse virtutis,

The veterans, mindful of (their) pristine valour, (began)
instare acriter, cominus; illi haud timidi
to press-on vigorously, hand-to-hand; they (the others) not fearful
resistunt:  certatur maxuma Vi. Interea
resist : itis contended with the greatest force. Meantime
Catilina versari cum expeditis in prima

Catiline (began) to be occupied with the light-armed in the first

acie: succurrere laborantibus,
line ; to relieve (to those) labouring (hard-pressed),

ee eerece Vireye a htterare lo Taare}

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SALLUSTIIT CATILINA.

accersere integros pro — sauclis;_ _—providere
fo summon fresh (men) instead-of the wounded; to provide for
omnia ; ipse pugnare multim; sxpe
all (things) ; himself to fight much ; often
ferire hostem; exsequebatur simul officia
to strike «the enemy ; he did discharge at-the-same-time the duties
strenui militis et boni imperatoris. Ubi
of a vigorous soldier and ofa good commander. When
Petreius videt Catilinam tendere magna _ vi,
Petreius sees Catiline to strive with great force,
contra ac ratus-erat, inducit preetoriam
otherwise than he had supposed, he leads-in the pretorian
cohortem in medios hostis (hostes), interficit
cohort into the middle-of the enemies, kills
yue eos perturbatos atque alios  resistentes
ooth _ those disordered and others resisting
alibi : deinde aggreditur cteros utrimque
elsewhere: afterwards he attacks the rest on-both-sides
ex lateribus. Manlius et Fesulanus pugnantes
of the flanks. Manlius and_ the Fesulan fighting
in primis cadunt.
tn the first (the van) fall. [Fell fighting among the first.]
Postquam Catilina videt copias fusas que se
After-that Catiline saw (his) forces routed and himself
relictum cum paucis, memor generis atque suze
left with afew, mindful of (his) race and his
pristine dignitatis, incurrit in confertissumos hostes,
ancient dignity, he rushes into the thickest enemies,
que ibi pugnans  confoditur. Sed, _ preelio
and there fighting is run-through. But, the battle
confecto, tum vero cerneres quanta

having been finished, then in-truth thou mightest perceive how-great

audacia, que quanta vis animi,  fuisset ( pl. sud.)
boldness, and how-great strength of mind, might have been (had been)

in exercitu Catilinee. Nam quisque, anima
In = the army of Catiline. For every-one, (his) lifeSALLUSTII GATILINA. 109
amissa,  feré tegebat corpore
being lost, almost (for the most part) did cover with (his) body
locum, quem vivus ceperat pugnando.
the place, which (when) alive he had taken in fighting.

Autem pauci, quos medios, pretoria cohors
But afew, whom (being) middle, the pretorian cohort

disjecerat, conciderant pauld diversius,

had dispersed, had fallen alittle more-differently [more scat-
sed omnes tamen  adversis  vulneribus.
tered], but all however with front wounds.
Verd Catilina repertus-est inter cadavera
But Catiline was found among the dead-bodies of (his)
hostium longé a suis, etiam spirans paululum,
enemies far from his-own (men), even breathing a little,
que retinens vultu ferociam anim,
and retaining in [his] countenance _ the fierceness of mind,
quam vivus habuerat. Postremd, quisquam
which (when) alive ~ he had had. Finally, any-one
ingenuus civis ex omni copia, neque captus-est
free-born citizen of all the force, neither was taken
in prelio, neque in fugd. Ita cuncti pepercerant
in the battle, nor in the flight. So all had spared

suz que vite hostium justa.
to their-own and the life of enemies equally. [So little did all spare

Neque, tamen,
either their own life, or that of the enemy.] Neither, however,

exercitus Romani populi adeptus-erat letam

the army of the Roman people had obtained a joyful
aut incruentam victoriam. Nam quisque strenuis-
or bloodless victory. For each bra-
slmus aut occiderat in preelio, aut
vest (man) either had fallen [in] the engagement, or
discesserat graviter vulneratus. Autem multi,
had departed severely wounded. But many,

qui processerant @ castris gratia
who had proceeded from the camps by favour (for the sake)

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visundi aut spoliandi, volventes cadavera, ali
of going-to-see or despoiling, rolling the dead-bodies, some

reperiebant amicum, pars hospitem, aut cognatum.
did discover a friend, part a guest, or a relation.

Fuere item, qui cognoscerent (zmp. sub.)
(There) were likewise (some), who might know (did recognise)

suos inimicos. Ita letitia, meoeror, luctus,
their-own enemies. Thus gladness, sorrow, grief,
atque gaudia varié-agitabantur per omnem
and joys were variously-mixed (exhibited) throughout the whole
exercitum.
army.

BAD OF THE CATILINARIAN WAR.SALLUSTIT JUGURTHA.
SALLUST’S JUGURTHA.

 

HuMANuM genus queritur falso de suf natura,
The human race complains unjustly of its-own nature,

quod imbecilla atque brevis svi,
because (being) weak and of short age (duration),

regatur (swd.) potits sorte quam
it may be governed (is governed) rather by lot (chance) than

virtute. Nam contra §invenias
by virtue (native energy). For (but) on-the-contrary you may find

reputando, neque aliud majus, neque pre-
by reflecting, neither another (thing) greater, nor more-

stabilius; que industriam hominum  desse
excellent ; and [that the] industry ofmen to be-wanting

magis nature, quam vim aut
more [is more wanting] to nature, than strength (efficacy) or

tempus. Sed animus est dux atque imperator vite
time. But themind isthe guide and governor of the life

mortalium, qui, ubi grassatur ad gloriam via
of mortals, which, when itadvances to glory by the way

virtutis, est abundé pollens, que potens, et clarus,

of virtue, is abundantly efficient, and powerful, and illustrious,
neque eget fortuna; quippe, quee potest
neither wants fortune; for (as being that), which is-able

neque dare neque eripere probitatem, industriam,

neither te give nor to wrest-away honesty, industry,
que alias bonas artis (artes) culquam.
and other good endowments for (from) any-one,

(111)

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112 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Sin captus pravis cupidmibus,  usus

But-if (the mind) taken by depraved desires, having used
aulisper perniciosa lubidine, pessum-datus-

(indulged) for-a-little-time destructive passion, has been precipi-

est ad inertiam et voluptates ccorporis, ubi vires,
tated to indolence and the pleasures of the body, when forces

tempus, ingenium defluxere per socordiam,
strength), time, ability have flowed-away by indolence,

infirmitas nature accusatur: quique  actores
the infirmity of nature is accused: each (of) the authors [of these

transferunt suam culpam ad negotia.
evils] transfer their-own fault to (their) affairs.

Quéd si tanta cura bonarum rerum esset
But if so-great acare of good things might be (were)

hominibus, quanto studio petunt
to men, with how-much zeal they seek (things) [but if men as

aliena
zealously sought good things, as they do those, which are] foreign

ac profutura nihil, etiam multtiim _ periculosa,
and about-to-profit nothing, even greatly dangerous,

neque regerentur magis, quam regerent casus;
neither might they be governed more, than they might govern chances

et procederent 0 magnitudinis, ubi
(events); and they might advance to that (point) of greatness, where

fierent, pro mortalibus,
they might become, instead-of mortals {in as much as mortals are

eterni gloria. Nam uti genus hominum
allowed], everlasting in glory. For as the race of men

est compositum ex corpore et anima ; ita cuncte
is composed of body and_ soul; so all (our)

res que omnia nostra studia sequuntur, alia
things and all our pursuits follow, others (some)

naturam corporis, alia anim. Igitur
the nature of the body, others (the nature) of the mind. Therefore

preclara facies, magne divitiz, ad-hoc vis
a fine appearance, great riches, to-this (besides) strength

corporis, et omnia alia hujuscemodi, dilabuntur
ot body, and all other (things) of this-kind, glide-awaySALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 118

brevi; at egregia facinora  ingenii _ sunt

shortly ; but the illustrious acts ofthe understanding are

mmortalia, sicuti anima. Postremd, uti est
immortal, as the soul. Finally, as (there) is

iInitium, _ sic finis bonorum corporis et
abeginning, so (is there) anend ofthe goods of the body and

fortune ; que omnia orta, occidunt; et
of fortune ; and all (things) having risen, fall ; and

aucta,  senescunt; animus incorruptus, eternus,
being increased, grow-old; the mind uncorrupted, eternal,

rector humani generis, agit atque habet
the ruler of the human race, acts and has (comprehends)

cuncta, neque ipse habetur.
{controls} all (things), neither itself is had (comprehended),

Quo pravitas eorum
[Nor is it controlled by any thing.]_ Wherefore the depravity of those

est magis admiranda, qui dediti gaudiis
is the more to-be-wondered-at, who addicted to the pleasures

corporis, agunt etatem per luxum atque

of the body, act (spend their) age through luxury and
ignaviam: ceterim sinunt ingenium, uo
indolence : but allow the understanding, (than) which
neque est aliud melius neque amplius
neither is (there) another (thing) better nor more-extensive

natura mortalium, torpescere incultu  atque
in the nature of mortals, to grow-torpid from want-of-culture and
socordia; cum presertim tam mult, que varie
slothfulness; when especially SO many, and  yarious
artes animi sint (swd.), quibus summa claritudo
arts of the mind may be (are), by which the highest renown
paratur. Vertim ex his artibus, magistratus et
is procured. But out-of these employments, magistrates and

imperia, postremd, omnis cura publicarum rerum,
authorities, finally, all care of public things,

videntur mihi minumé cupiunda hae tempestate:
appear to me by-no-means to-be-desired at this time:
quoniam neque honos datur virtuti, neque illi
since neither honour is given to virtue, neither tk ey

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114 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

quibis jus fuit per fraudem tuti aut magis
¢o whom authority has been [through fraud] (are) secure or more

honesti e0. Nam quidem regere patriam
honourable on-that-account. For indeed torule (one’s) country

aut parentes vi, quamquam et possis,
or parents by force, although and (even) thou mayest be-able,

et corrigas delicta, tamen est importunum, cum
and mayest amend faults, yet itis unpleasant, since

presertim omnes mutationes rerum portendant (sub.)
especially all changes of things may portend

cedem, fugam, que alia hostila. Autem
slaughter, banishment, and other hostile (things). But

niti frustra neque querere aliud
to endeavour in-vain and-not to seek (acquire) another (thing)

fatigando se, nisi odium est extreme
by fatiguing (one’s) self, unless hatred is (the part) of extreme

dementie: nisi forte inhonesta et perniciosa
madness : unless perhaps a dishonourable and destructive

lubido tenet quem, gratificari decus atque suam
passion possesses any-one, to deliver-up honour and his

libertatem potenti paucorum. Ceterim ex aliis
liberty to the power of a few. But of other

negotiis, que exercentur ingenio, memoria
[things], which are exercised by theunderstanding, the memory

rerum gestarum est in-primis magno  usul;
of things carried-on (history) is particularly to great advantage 5

de virtute cujus, quia multi dixere,
of the virtue (merit) of which, because many have spoken [thereof ],

uto preetereundum ; simul ne quis
I think [it is] to-be-passed-by ; at-the-same-time lest any (one)

existumet extollere memet per insolentiam
may think (me) to extol myself through imsolence (vanity)

laudando meum studium. Atque ego credo
by praising my pursuit. And I believe (those)

fore, qui imponant nomen
to be about-to-be [there will be those], who may impose the name

inertize meo tanto que tam utili labori, quia
of indolence to(on)my so-great and so useful labour, becauseSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 116

decrevi agere setatem procul 4a

Y have resolved toact (spend) (my) age [life] at-a-distance from
republica ; certé quibus

the republic (public affairs); surely (they will be by those) to whom

videtur maxume industria salutare plebem, et
itseems the greatest industry to salute the community, and

querere gratiam conviviis. Qui, si reputaverint
to seek favour by banquets. Who, if they shall have reflected

et quibus temporibus adeptus-sum magistratum,
and (both) in what times I have obtained the magistracy,

et quales viri nequiverint (perf. sud.) assequi
and what-sort-of men may have been unable to attain

idem, et postea que genera hominum pervenerint
the same, and afterwards what kinds of men may have come

(perf. sub.) in senatum, profectd existumabunt me
into the senate, in-deed will think me

mutavisse judicium mei animi magis meritd
to have changed the judgment of my mind rather deservedly [for

quam ignavid; que majus commodum
good reason] than from inactivity; and greater advantage

venturum reipublice et meo otio,
about-to-come [would result] to the republic also from my leisure (re-

quam ex  negotiis aliorum. Nam
tirement), than from the businesses (activity) of others. For

sepé audivi Quintum Maxumun, Publium Sci-
often Ihave heard Quintus Maximus (and) Publius Sci-

pionem, preterea preclaros viros  nostre
pio, besides (other) illustrious men of our

civitatis solitos dicere ita; animum
state (to have been) accustomed to speak thus ; the mind

accend1 sibi vehementissumé
to be inflamed to them most-violently {that the mind was greatly

ad virtutem, cum intuerentur
excited] to virtue, when they might (did) look-on

imagines majorum. Scilicet non illam ceram
the images of (their) ancestors. Forsooth not that Wax

neque figuram habere tantam vim in sese, sed
aor figure to have s0-great force in themselves, but

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116 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

eam flammam crescere mm pectore egregiis iris
that flame to increase in the breast to the illustrious men

memoria rerum gestarum, neque sedari  prius-
by the memory of things carried-on, and-not to be allayed before-

uam virtus adsequaverit famam atque gloriam
that (their) virtue may have equalled the fame and glory

eorum. At contra, quis omnium est
of them [their ancestors], But on-the-other-hand, who of all is

his moribus, quin contendat
with these (the present) manners, but may contend [who is there

cum
in our present corrupt manners, that does not rather contend] with

suis majoribus, divitiis et sumptibus, non probitate

his ancestors, in riches and in expenses, not in honesty
neque industria. Etiam novi homines, qul
nor in industry. Also new (obscure) men, who

soliti-erant  antea antevenire nobilitatem per
had been accustomed before to outstrip the nobility by

virtutem, nituntur ad imperia et honores
virtue, strive to [obtain] commands and honours

furtim et per latrocinia potitis quim bonis artibus.
by-stealth and by robberies rather than by good arts.

Proinde-quasi pretura et consulatus, atque omnia
Just-as-if the pretorship and consulship, and all

alia hujuscemodi, sint clara et magnifica
other (things) of-this-kind, may be (are) illustrious and magnificent

per se, ac non-habeantur perinde, ut
by themselves, and may not-be-had (regarded) just-so, as

virtus eorum est, qui sustinent ea. Verum ego
the virtue of those is, who sustain those (offices). But I

processi liberiis que  altius, dum
have proceeded more (too) freely and more-profoundly [rar], whilst

piget que tadet me morum  civitatis. Nune
it grieves and wearies me _ of the morals of the state. Now

redeo ad inceptum.
I return to (my) undertaking.

Sum scripturus bellum guod Romanus populus
Iam aboutto write the war. which the Roman peopleSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 17

gessit cum Jugurtha, rege Numidarum: primim,

earried-on with Jugurtha, king of the Numidians: first,
quia fuit magnum et atrox, que varia victoria;
because it was great and fierce, and withvarious victory;
dein quia primum itum-est obviam

then because first it was gone against (opposition was made)
superbiz nobilitatis. Que contentio permiscuit
to the pride of the nobility. Which contention confounded
cuncta divina et humana, que _ processit
all (things) divine and human, and proceeded
e6 vecordize, uti bellum, atque vastitas

thither (to that pitch) of madness, that war, and the desolation

Italize, facerent finem civilibus studiis.
of Italy, might make (did make) an end to civil pursuits (conten-

Sed priusquam expedio initium hujuscemodi
tions). But  before-that Iprepare the beginning of this-kind

rel, repetam supra pauca quo
of thing, I will trace-back a few (things) in-order-that

ad cognoscendum omnia sint magis
[to the knowing of them] all (things) may-be more
illustria que magis in aperto. Secundo
clear and more in open (evident). In the second
Punico bello, quo Hannibal, dux
Punic war, in which Hannibal, the general of the

Carthaginiensium, attriverat maxume opes_ Italix,
Carthaginians, had impaired most the resources of Italy,

post magnitudinem Romani nominis ;
since the greatness [renown] of the Roman name;

Masinissa, rex Numidarum, receptus in
Masinissa, king of the Numidians, having been received into

amicitiam @& Publio Scipione, cui  postea  fuit

friendship by Publius Scipio, to whom = afterwards was
cognomen Africano ex virtute, fecerat multa
the surname Africanus from (his) valour, haddone many

et preclara ffacinora  militaris = rei;
and illustrious exploits of military thing (nature);

ob que Romanus populus dedit dono
on-acceunt-of which the Roman people gave for a present

 

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118 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

regi quascumque urbis (urbes) et agros

to the king § whatsoever cities and lands it (they,
ceperat manu, Carthaginiensibus _victis,

had taken by hand (by force), the Carthaginians being conquered,
et Syphace capto, imperium cujus valuit

and Syphax being taken, the power of whom [Syphax] prevailed
magnum atque laté in AfricA; igitur amicitia

great and widely in Africa; therefore the friendship
Masinisse permansit bona atque honesta nobis.
of Masinissa continued good and honourable to us.
Sed finis imperli que vite ejus fuit

But theend of the government and of thelife of him was

idem. Dein Micipsa filius solus obtinuit regnum,
the same. Then Micipsa [his son] alone obtained the kingdom,

Manastabale et Guluss& fratribus § absumptis

Manastabal and Gulussa (his) brothers having been taken-off
morbo. Is genuit ex sese Atherbalem et
by disease. He begot from himself Adherbal and
Hiempsalem, que habuit domi eodem cultu
Hiempsal, and had of (at) home in the same cultivation

quo suos liberos, Jugurtham, filium
in which (he had) his-own children, Jugurtha, the son of (his)

fratris Manastabalis, quem Masinissa _reliquerat
brother Manastahbal, whom Masinissa had left

privatum, quod ortus-erat ex concubind.® Qui
private, because he had sprung from a concubine. Who

ubi primtim adolevit, pollens viribus,
when first he grew-up, prevailing in forces (bodily strength),

decora facie, sed multO maxumé validus
with beautiful appearance, but by-much most strong

ingenlo, non dedit se corrumpendum  luxu
in understanding, he gave-not himself to-be-corrupted to luxury,

(luxui), neque imertie. Sed, uti mos illius
nor to indolence. But, as the custom of that

gentis est, equitare, jaculari, certare cum
nation is, to ride, to cast-the-javelin, to contend with (his)

eequalibus cursu: et cum anteiret
equals in the course: and when (though) he might excel (did excel)

   

esSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 118

omnes gloria, tamen esse carus omnibus: ad

all in glory, yet (he began) tobe dear to all: te
hoc agere pleraque tempora in
this (besides) to spend [he spent] most [of his] times is
venando, primus, aut in primis, ferire
hunting, [was] the first, or among the first, to strike
leonem atque alias  feras, ipse facere
the lion and other  wild-beasts, himself todo [did]
plurimtim, et loqui minumuim de se. Quibus
the most, and to say [said] the least of himself. By which
rebus, tametsi Micipsa fuerat leetus initio,
things, although Micipsa had been joyful in the beginning,
existumans virtutem Jugurthz fore gloriz
thinking the virtue of Jugurtha to be about-to-be for glory
suo regno, tamen postquam intelligit
to his kingdom, yet after he understands

adolescentem hominem crescere magis que magis,

the young man to increase more and more,
sua etate exacta, et liberis _parvis,
his-own age being spent out, and (his) children small,

vehementer permotus eo negotio, volvebat multa
exceedingly affected by that business, he did revolve many

cum suo animo. Natura mortalium, avida
things) with his-own mind, The nature of mortals, covetous

imperil, et preceps ad cupidinem  animi
of command, and precipitate to the desire of the mind

explendam, terrebat
to-be-satiated, [and precipitate in gratifying their desires], did affright

eum; preeterea, opportunitas sux statis que

him ; moreover, the opportunity of his-own age and (that)
liberorum, que agit etiam mediocres viros
of his children, which acts (drives) even moderate men
transvorsos ; ad hoe studia

oblique (in a wrong direction); to this (besides) the zeals (affections)

Numidarum accensa in Jugurtham, ex
of the Numidians kindled towards Jugurtha (did alarm him), from

quibus erat anxius, ne qua seditio aut
whom he was anxious (apprehensive), est any sedition oF

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120 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

bellum oriretur, si interfecisset talem virum

war might arise, if he might have killed such a man

dolis. Circumventus his  difficultatibus, ubi
py stratagems. Beset by these difficulties, when
videt hominem tam acceptam popularibus
he sees a man so accepted (dear) to (his) countrymen
posse opprimi neque per vim, neque insidiis,
to be-able to be destroyed neither by force, nor by snares,

statuit | objectare eum _ opericulis, et tentare
he determined to expose him to dangers, and to try

fortunam eo modo, quod Jugurtha erat promptus

fortune in that manner, because Jugurtha was ready
manu, et appetens militaris gloria.  Igitur
in hand (action), and = desiring of military glory. Therefore

Numantino bello, Micipsa, cum mitteret
in the Numantine war, Micipsa, when he might send (did send)

auxilia equitum (pl.) atque peditum (pl.) Romano

auxiliaries of cavalry and of infantry to the Roman

populo, prefecit Numidis, quos mittebat in

people, appointed (him) to the Numidians, whom he did send into

Hispaniam, sperans eum facilé occasurum

Spain, hoping him easily about-to-fall [that he would
vel ostentando virtutem, vel ssvitia

fall] either in displaying (his) valour, or by the cruelty

hostium; sed ea res evenit  aliter ac
of the enemies; but that thing happened otherwise and (than)

ratus-erat. Nam Jugurtha, ut erat impigro
he had imagined. For Jugurtha, as he was with (of) an active

atque acri Ingenio, ubi cognovit naturam Publii
and sharp disposition, when heknew the nature of Publius

Scipionis, qui erat tum imperator Romanis, et

Scipio, who was then general to the Romans, and
morem hostium, pervenerat brevi
the manner of the enemies, had come shortly [he soon came]

in tantam claritudimem, multo labore, que multa
into so-great renown, by much labour, and bymuch

cura, preterea, parendo modestissumé, et eundo
eare, moreover, by obeying most-modestly, and by going“ALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 12)

sepe vpviam periculis, uti esset
often toward to dangers, [to meet danger], that he might be (was)

vehementer carus nostris, maxumo
exceedingly dear to our (men), to the greatest [and the greatest]

terror Numantinis. Ac sane erat et
terror to the Numantines, And indeed he was and (both)

strenuus preelio et bonus consilio, quod est in-primis
vigorous in battle and good in counsel, which is peculiarly

dificillumum ; alterum quorum solet _pleriimque
most-difficult ; the one of which is-accustomed generally

adferre timorem ex providentia, alterum temeritatem
to produce fear from foresight, the other rashness

ex audacia. Igitur imperator agere feré
from _ boldness. Therefore the general (began) to-do almost

omnis (omnes) asperas res per Jugurtham,
all rough [perilous] things through Jugurtha,

habere in amicis, amplecti eum magis
to have (him) among (his) friends, to embrace him more

que magis in-dies, quippe
and more daily, [to become daily more attached to him], inasmuch

cujus consilium neque ullum
as whose counsel neither any [as by his counsel no]

inceptum erat frustra. Hue  accedebat

undertaking was in-vain. Hither did approach (was added)
munificentia animi et solertia ingenil, quibus
a munificence of mind and cleverness of understanding, by which

rebus conjunxerat multos ex Romanis  sibi
things he had united many out-of the Romans to him

familiari amicitida. H& tempestate fuere in nostro
in familiar friendship. In that time there were in our

exercitu. complures novi atque nobiles,

army very-many new (obscure) and noble (men),
quibus divitie erant potiores bono
to whom riches were better (more desirable) (than) good
que honesto ; factiosi, potentes domi, magis
and honourable (conduct) ; factious, powerful of (at) home, more
clari quam honesti apud socios; qui
conspicuous than honourable among the allies ; who

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accendebant non-mediocrem animum  Jugurthes
did inflame the immoderate mind of Jugurtha

pollicitando, si rex Micipsa accidisset
by promising (frequently), if king Micipsa might have fallen (were

fore uti solus potiretur
dead) to be about-to-be that (he) alone might enjoy
imperio (adl.) Numidie,
the empire [he alone might obtain his kingdom] of Numidia, [that]

maxumam virtutem esse in 1pso, omnia
the greatest valour to be [was] in himself, [that] all (things to

venalia Rome. Sed postquam, Numantia
be) [were] saleable of (at) Rome. But after, Numantia

deleta, Publius Scipio decrevit dimittere
being destroyed, Publius Scipio resolved to dismiss

auxilia, ipse reverti domum, adduxit in
the auxiliaries, himself to return home, he led into

Pretorium Jugurtham, donatum atque laudatum
the Pretorian-tent Jugurtha, having been gifted and praised

magnificé pro concione; que ibi secretd monuit
magnificently before the assembly; and [there] secretly advised

utl coleret amicitiam Romani _populi
(him) that he should cultivate the friendship of the Roman people
potiis publicé quam privatim; neu  insuesceret
rather publicly than privately ; nor should he accustom
largiri quibus ; quod esset
(himself) to bribe toany; [for] (that) which might-be [is] (the

multorum emi periculosé a paucis.
property) of many tobe bought [is bought] dangerously from a few.

Si vellet permanere in suis artibus,
If he might will tocontinue in _ his-own arts, [if he continued

et gloriam et
to cultivate the abilities he possessed], and (both) glory and

regnum venturum ultrd illi ;
kingdom (to be) about-to-come [would come] spontaneously te him:
gin pergeret properantius, ipsum

put-if he should proceed more (too) hastily, himself (to be)

casurum precipitem sudmet pecunia.
aboea‘-tr-fall [that he would fall] headlong by his-own moneySALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 123

Sic locutus, dimisit eum cum literis, quas
Thus having spoken, hedismissed him with letters (a letter), which

redderet Micipsz. Sententia earum erat hec:
he might deliver to Micipsa. The purport of these (it) was this:

virtus tui Jugurthe Numantino bello  fuit
the valour of thy Jugurtha in the Numantine war has been

longé maxuma; quam rem certé-scio esse gaudio
by far the greatest; which thing I certainly know to be for joy

tibi. Est carus nobis ob sua merita:
to thee. He is dear to us on-account-of his deserts :
nitemur summa ope, ut sit idem

we will endeavour with the highest might, that he may be the same

senatui que Romano populo. Quidem  gratulor

tothe senate and to the Roman people. Indeed I congratulate
tibi pro nostra amicitid. En habes virum
to thee for (inregardto) our friendship. Lo thou hast aman
dignum te (abl.), atque suo avo Masinissa.
worthy thee, and his-own  grandsire Masinissa.
Igitur ubi rex cognovit ea, que
Therefore when the king knew those (things), which

acceperat fama, esse ita ex  literis
he had received by report, tobe so _ from _ the letters (letter)

imperatoris, permotus cum  virtute tum gratia
of the general, affected as-well by the valour as_ by the favour

viri,  flexit suum animum, et aggressus-est

of the man, he bent (changed) his mind, and essayed
vincere Jugurtham  beneficiis, que statim
to overcome Jugurtha by favours, and immediately
adoptavit eum et institut heredem pariter cum
adopted him, and appointed (him) heir equally with
filiis testamento. Sed ipse  confectus

(his) sons by a will. But he being finished (spent),
post paucos annos, morbo, atque extate, cum
after a few years, by disease, and by age, when
intelligeret finem vite adesse  sibi,

he might perceive (did perceive) the end of life to be-present to him,

dicitur habuisse verba hujuscemodi cum
[to be mear], issaid tohavehad words of this-kind with

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124 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

Jugurtha, coram amicis, et cognatis, que item
Jugurtha, in-presence-of friends, and relations, and _ also (his:

filiis Atherbale et Hiempsale:

sons Adherbal and Hiempsal:

“Jugurtha, ego accepi te parvum, patre
“‘ Jugurtha, I received thee little, (thy) father

amisso, sine spe, sine opibus in
having been lost [being dead], without hope, without resources into

meum regnum, existumans me non fore minus
my kingdom, thinking me not to-be-about-to-be less

carum tibi ob beneficia,
[that IT would be no less] dear to thee on-account-of (my) kindnesses,

quam si genuissem : neque ea
than if Imight have (had) begotten (thee): neither that

res habuit me falsam. Nam
thing hashad me deceived. [Nor have I been deceived.] For

ut omittam tua alia magna et egregia, novissume
that Imayomit thy other great and excellent (acts), very-lately

rediens Numantia, honoravisti que me que meum
returning from Numantia, thou hast honoured both me and my

regnum gloria; que fecisti Romanos ex
kingdom by (thy) glory; and thou hast made the Romans from

amicis amicissumos nobis tu& virtute: nomen
friends most-friendly tous bythy valour: the name of (our)

familia renovatum-est in Hispania:  postremd,

family has been renewed in Spain : finally,

Vicisti invidiam _ gloria, uod = est
thou hast conquered envy by glory, (a thing) which is
difficillumum inter mortalis (mortales). Nune quoniam
most-difficult among mortals. Now since

natura facit finem vite mihi, moneo que obtestor
nature makes an end of life tome, I advise and conjure (thee)

per hance dextram, per fidem regni, uti
by this right (hand), by the faith ofa kingdom, that

habeas hos caros, qui propinqui tibi genere,
thou mayest have those dear, who relations to thee by kindred,

sunt fratres meo beneficio; neu malis adjungere
are brothers bymy kindness; nor thou mayest prefer tv attachSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 125

alienos quam retinere conjunctos sanguine

,to thee) strangers than to retain (those) united by blood.
Non exercitus, neque thesauri sunt presidia regnl,
“Not] an army, nor treasures are the defences ofa kingdom,
verum amici:  pariuntur officio et fide,
but friends: they are procured by office (service) and by faith,
quos queas neque cogere armis, neque
whom thou mayest be-able neither to compel _ by arms, nor
parare auro. Autem quis amicior fratri

to procure by gold. But who (should be) more-friendly to a brother

quam frater? aut quem alienum invenies fidem,
than a brother? or what stranger wilt thou find faithful,

81 fueris hostis tuis?
if thou mayest have been (hast been) an enemy to thy-own (relations)?

Hquidem ego trado regnum firmum vobis, si eritis
Indeed I deliver the kingdom strong to you, if youwill be

beni, imbecillum si mali. Nam parve_ res
good, (but) weak if. Dad: For small things

crescunt concordia, maxumee dilabuntur discordia.
increase by concord, thegreatest  glide-away by discord.

Cetertim, Jugurtha, decet te ante hos, quia
But, Jugurtha, it becomes thee before these, because

es prior tate et sapientia, providere ne
thou art superior inage and wisdom, to provide lest

yuid eveniat liter: nam in omni
any (thing) may happen otherwise [than I wish]: for in every

certamine, qui est opulentior, etiamsi accipit
contest, (he) who is  more-opulent, although he receives

injuriam, tamen videtur facere quia plus-potest.
an injury, yet seems to do (it) because he is-more-powerfu).

Autem vos, Atherbal et Hiempsal, colite, observate
But you, Adherbal and Hiempsal, reverence, [and] regard

hune talem virum; imitamini —_-virtutem, et enitimini
this uch aman; imitate (his) valour, and endeavour

ego ne-videar sumpsisse quam  genuisse
(that) I may not-seem (rather) to have adopted than to have begotten

meliores liberos.’’
better children.”

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SALLUSTILT JUGURTHA.

Ad ea, Jugurtha, tametsi intelligebat regem
To these (words), Jugurtha, although he did perceive the king

locutum-(esse) _ficta, et ipse agitabat longé
to have spoken feigned (words), and he did revolve far

aliter animo, tamen respondit benigné pro

otherwise in mind, yet answered kindly  according-te
tempore. Micipsa moritur paucis diebus pdst.
the time. Micipsa dies a few days after

Postquam illi fecerant justa magnificé regio

After they had made the obsequies magnificently ina royal
more, reguli convenerunt in unum,

manner, the petty-princes assembled in one (place)
ut disceptarent inter ge de cunctis rebus.
that they might debate among themselves about all matters.
Sed Hiempsal, qui erat minumus ex illis,

But Hiempsal, who was the least [the youngest] of them,

ferox natura, despiciens etiam antea ignobilitatem
fierce by nature, despising even before the mean-descent

Jugurthe, quia erat impar materno genere, adsedit
of Jugurtha, because he was unequal by maternal kindred, sat-beside

Atherbalem dextera, ne Jugurtha foret medius
Adherbal on the right, lest Jugurtha might be [in the] middle

ex tribus, quod ducitur honori, et apud
of the three, which is led (esteemed) for honour, and (also) among

Numidas. Dein, tamen, fatigatus a
the Numidians. Afterwards, however, having been importuned by (his)

fratre, ut concederet setati, vix transductus-est
brother, that he might yield toage, scarcely was brought-over

in alteram partem. Tbi, cum dissererent
to theother part (side). There, when they might (did) discuss

multa de imperio administrando, Jugurtha
many (things) about the government to-be-administered, Jugurthe

jacit inter alias res oportere omnia
throws-out among other things to behove (that it was fit) ali

consulta et decreta quinquennii rescindi, nam
the decisions and decrees of (the last) five years to be rescinded, for

Micipsa confectum  annis per ea  tempora,
Micipsa worn-out with years during those timesSALLUSTIT JUGURTHA.

valuisse parum animo. Tum Hiempsa!

to have availed little in mind. [Was weak in mind.] Then Hiempsal
respondit idem placere sibi: nam
answered [that] thesame toplease to him [pleased him]: for

illum-ipsum pervenisse adoptione
[that he] himself (Jugurtha) to have come [had come] by adoption
in regnum his tribus proxumis annis.
into the kingdom in these three next (latest) years.

Quod verbum descendit altiis in pectus Jugurthe
Which word descended more-deeply into the breast of Jugurtha

quam quisquam ratus-(erat). Itaque anxius ira et
than any-one had supposed. Therefore restless by anger and

metu. ex eo tempore, moliri, parare,
by fear from _ that time, (he began) to contrive, to prepare,

atque habere ea modd in animo, -quibus
and to have those (things) only in mind, by which

Hiempsal caperetur per dolum. Que uti
Hiempsal might be taken through  srtatagem. Which as

procedunt tardius, neque ferox animus
they advance more (too) slowly, neither (his) fierce mind

lenitur,  statuit perficere inceptum quovis
is soothed, he determined to accomplish (his) undertaking by any

modo. Placuerat primo conventu, quem
manner. It had pleased (them) in the first assembly, which

memoravi supra, factum-(esse) ab  regulis,
I have related above, to have been made, by the petty-princes, [that]

thesauros _— dividi propter dissen-
the treasures to be divided [should be divided] on-account-of disagree-

sionem, que finis (fines) imperii  constitui
ment, and the boundaries of government to be assigned [should

singulis. Itaque tempus decernitur ad
be assigned] to each. Therefore a time is decreed to (for)

utramque rem, sed maturitis ad pecuniam distri-

each thing, but sooner to the money to-be-dis.
buendam.
tributed. [But that the money should be first distributed.]

Reguli concessere interea in loca propinqua
The petty-princes departed mean-time into the places near

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128 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

thesauris, alius alid (alius lid). Sed Hiempsal
to the treasures, one one way (another the other-way). But Hiempsa,

forté utebatur, in oppido, Thirmida, domo ejus,
by-chance did use, in the town, Thirmida, the house of him,

qui fuerat proxumus lictor Jugurthe, semper
who had been the nearest (chief) lictor of Jugurtha, always

carus que acceptus el: quem ministrum
dear and received (agreeable) tohim: which servant

oblatum casu, ille onerat promissis, que impellit,
presented by chance, he loads with promises, and impels (him),

uti eat tanquam visens suam domum: paret
that he may go as-if visiting his house: may procure

adulterinas claves portarum, nam vere refere-
false keys of the gates, for the true (keys) were car-

bantur ad Hiempsalem: cetertim seipsum venturum
ried back to Hiempsal : but himself about-to-come

cum magn& manu, ubi_ res _ postularet.
with a great band, when thething might require. [But that he

Numida

himself would come with a great force, at the proper time.] The Numidian

conficit mandata brevi; atque introducit milites
finishes (his) commands shortly; and leads-in the soldiers

Jugurthe noctu, uti doctus-erat. Qui postquam
of Jugurtha by-night, as he hadbeen instructed. Who after that

irrupére in sdes diversi
they burst-in into the houses (house) different (here and there) (began)

quzrere regem, interficere alios dormientis
to seek the king, to kill others (some) sleeping,

(dormientes), alios occursantis (occursantes) ;
others meeting (them);

scrutari abdita loca; effringere clausa: miscere
to search the hidden places; to break-open closed (places): to mingle

omnia strepitu et tumultu: cum _ interim
all (things), with noise and tumult : when mean-time

Hiempsal reperitur occultans se tugurio ancille
Hiempsal is found concealing himself in the hut ofa servant

mulieris, quod  profugerat initio pavidus et
woman, whither he had fled in the beginning fearful andSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 14)

ignarus loci. Numidz referunt caput ejus,
ignorant of the place. The Numidians carry-back the head of him,

uti jussi-erat, ad Jugurtham. Czterim fama
as they had been ordered, to Jugurtha. But the report

tanti facinoris divulgatur brevi per omnem Africam:
of so-great acrime is divulged shortly through all Africa :

metus invadit Atherbalem, que omnis (omnes), qui
fear seizes Adherbal, and all, whoa

fuerant sub imperio Micipse. Numide discedunt
had been under the government of Micipsa. The Numidians depart

in duas partes: plures sequuntur Atherbalem,
(divide) into two factions: the more follow Adherbal,

sed meliores bello illum alterum. Igitur
but the better in war that other [Jugurtha]. Therefore

Jugurtha armat copias quim maxumas potest :

Jugurtha arms forces as greatest he can [collects
adjungit urbis (urbes) partim vi, alias

a great force}: unites cities partly by force, others

voluntate suo imperio; parat imperare omni
by inclination to his government; prepares to rule all [over all]

Numidie. Atherbal, tametsi miserat legatos
Numidia. Adherbal, although he had sent ambassadors (to)

Romam, qui docerent senatum de cade fratris,
Rome, who might inform the senate of the murder of (his) brother

et suis fortunis; tamen fretus multitudine militum,
and his-own fortunes ; yet relying on the multitude of soldiers,

parabat contendere armis. Sed ubi_ res _ venit ad
did prepare to contend with arms. But when the thing came to

certamen, victus profugit ex prelio in
a contest, being conquered hefled from battle into the [Roman]

provinciam, ac contendit dehinc Romam. ‘Tum
province, and hastens thence (to) Rome. Then

Jugurtha, _consiliis patratis, postquam potiebatur
Jugurtha, (his) designs being accomplished, after that he did possess

omni Numidia (ad/.), reputans cum animo in otio
all Numidia, revolving with (his) mind in leisure
suum facinus, timere Romanum populum, neque

his crime, (began) tofear the Roman pecple, neither

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habere spem usquam advorsus iram_ ejus,
to have hope any-where against the wrath ofit (them),
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nisi in avaritia nobilitatis, et sua  pecunid.
unless in theavarice of the nobility, and in his-own money.
Itaque paucis diebus, mittit legatos Romam cum
Therefore ina few days, he sends ambassadors (to) Rome with
nulto auro que argento, quis preecipit uti primim
much gold and silver, to whom he instructs that first

expleant § veteres amicos muneribus, dein anquirant
they may satisfy (his) old friends with presents, then may acquire

novos: postremd ne-cunctentur parare largiun‘do
new: finally they may not-hesitate to procure by bribing

quemcumque  possint. Sed ubi legati venere
whomsoever they may be-able. But when the ambassadors came

Romam, et misere ex preecepto regis,
(to) Rome, and sent according-to the instruction of the king,

magna munera hospitibus que allis, auctoritas
great presents to (his) hosts and to others, the authority

quorum pollebat in senatu ea  tempestate:
of whom was powerful in thesenate at that time:

tanta commutatio incessit ut Jugurtha
so-great a change seized (them) that Jugurtha might (did)

veniret ex maxuma invidia in gratiam et
come from the greatest envy (odium) into the interest and

favorem nobilitatis. Pars quorum inducti spe, — alii
favour of the nobility. Part of whom induced by hope, others

premio, nitebantur ambiundo singulos
by reward, did endeavour by going-about (canvassing) single (members)

ex senatu, ne-consuleretur gravlus
of the senate, (that) it might not-be-consulted more (too) severely

in eum.
against him. [That too severe measures might not be adopted against

Igitur, ubi legati satis-confidint,
him.] Therefore, when theambassadors are sufficiently-coufident,
senatus datur utrisque constituto die. Tum
the senate (a hearing) is given to each onan appointed day. Then

accepimus Atherbalem locutum-(esse) hoc modo:
we have heard Adherbal to have spoken in this manner:SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 131

“Conscripti patres! meus pater Micipsa moriens
“‘ Conscript fathers ! my father Micipsa dying

precepit mihi, ut! existumarem tantummodo procura-
instructed tome, that I should think only the guardian -

tionem regni Numidie meam; cxtertim jus et
ship of the kingdom of Numidia mine; but the right and

imperium esse penés vos: simul eni-
government to be in-the-power-of you: at-the-same-time I should en-

terer esse maxumo usui Romano populo domi
deavour tobe for greatest use to the Roman people at-home

que militize. Ducerem vos in locum
and ofwar (abroad). I should lead (regard) you in the place
cognatorum mihi, vos affinium: Sl
of relations tome, you ofneighbours [and as neighbours]: if
fecissem ea, me habiturum

I might have done (had done) those (things), me about-to-have {that I

exercitum, divitias, munimenta _regni
would have] an army, riches, fortifications of the kingdom

in vestraé amicitié. Que praecepta mei patris
in your friendship. Which precepts of my father

cum agitarem, Jugurtha, sceleratissimus
when Imight (did) revolve, Jugurtha, the most-wicked

homo omnium, quos terra sustinet, vestro imperio

man of all, whom the earth sustains, your command
contempto, expulit me nepotem Masinisse, etiam
being despised, has expelled me the grandson of Masinissa, even
ab stirpe socium atque amicum Romani
from stem (earliest origin) an ally and friend of the Roman
populi, regno que omnibus fortunis. Atque
people, from my kingdom and all fortunes. And
ego, conscripti patres, quoniam eram _ venturus
5 conscript fathers, since Iwas about-to-come
ed miseriarum, vellem me _ posse

to that (pitch) of miseries, should will me to be-able [could have

petere auxilium a vobis potits
wished, that I were able] to seek aid from you rather

ob mea, quam ob beneficia
on-account-of my-own [services], than on-account of the kindnesseg

~4 4 nie
See Tr chee ti Pr

 
   
       
     
      
    
     
     
     
     
   
     
   
    
     
   
   
    
   
    
 

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Pe eR et NT LS eerie batt tarry barge OA A Ad lr min pene ho pe ob lD ebay eh ape pe gm epetatete! st

132 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

meoruld majorum; ac maxumé, beneficia
of my ancestors; and _ chiefly, [that] kindnesses [favours}

deberi ‘mihi a Romano populo, quibus
to be due [might be due] tome by the Roman people, which

egerem non: secundum ea, uti
I might want not [to be requited]: next-to those, that

uterer debitis, si erant desideranda. Sed
I might use (them as) due, if they were to-be-wanted. But

quoniam probitas ipsa est parum tuta per se,
since honesty self is little (not) safe by itself,

neque fuit in manu mihi, qualis
neither wasit in hand (possible) tome, (to know) what-sort

Jugurtha foret ;

Jagurtha might be [to determine what sort of person Jugurtha

confugi ad vos, conscripti patres, quibus

might be]; Ihave fled to you, conscript fathers, to whom
cogor esse onerl priusqguam usul,
[amcompelled tobe fora burden before-that for advantage

quod est miserrumum mihi.
[I have been of any use to you], which is very-wretched to me.

Ceeteri reges aut victi. bello, recepti-sunt in
The rest (other) kings either conquered in war, have been received into

amicitiam 4 vobis, aut appetiverunt vestram societatem

friendship by you, or have sought your alliance
in suis dubus rebus. Nostra familia instituit
in their doubtful affairs. Our family instituted
almicitiam cum Romano populo Carthaginiensi bello,
friendship with the Roman people _ in the Carthaginian war,
quo tempore fides ejus erat magis petenda
in which time the faith (honour) of it was more to-be-sought
quam fortuna. Conscripti patres! nolite

than the fortune [the advantage]. Conscript fathers! be-unwilling

pati me progeniem quorum nepotem Masinisse
to suffer me _ theofispring of whom the grandson of Masinissa

petere auxilium & vobis frustra. Si haberem
to seek aid from you in-vain. If I might have (had)

nihil cause ad-impetrandum, preter miserandam
nething of cause to-obtain (it), except (my) miserableSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 133
fortunam; qudd pauld anté rex potens genere,
fortune ; that alittle before aking powerful in race,
fama, atque copiis, nunc deformatus erumnis,
in fame, and inresources, now deformed by woes,
inops: exspecto  alienas opes: tamen
destitute IT look to foreign (others) resources: yet
erat majestatis Romani populi prohibere
it was (the part) of the majesty of the Roman people to prohibit
injuriam: neque pati regnum  cujusquam
injury : neither to suffer the kingdom of any-one
crescere per scelus. Verim ejectus-sum
to increase by wickedness. But I have been cast-out

ls finibus, quos Romanus populus dedit meis
from those boundaries, which the Roman people gave tomy
majoribus: unde pater, et meus avus und
ancestors : whence (my) father, and my grandfather together
vobiscum expulere Syphacem et Carthaginienses.
with-you expelled Syphax and the Carthaginians.

Conscripti patres! vestra beneficia  erepta-sunt
Conscript fathers ! your kindnesses have been torn-from

mihi, vos despecti-estis im mea injuridé. Eheu

to me, ye have been despised in my injury. Alas
miserum me! pater Micipsa, tua beneficia
wretched me! (whether), father Micipsa, thy favours
evasere huccine, uti is, quem tu _ fecisti

have come hither (tothis), that he, whom thou hast made

parem cum tuis liberis, que participem regni,
equal with thy-own children, and apartner of the kingdom,

sit  potissimum extinctor tu stirpis? Ne
may be chiefly the destroyer of thy stem (race)? Whether
ergo nostra familia erit nunquam  quieta?
therefore our family shall be never tranquil ?
Ne versabimur semper in sanguine, ferro
Whether shall we be engaged always in blood, in iron

fuga? Dum Carthaginienses fuere incolumes,

(sword), in flight? Whilst the Carthaginians were safe,
patiebamur omnia seva jure. Hostis ab
we did suffer all cruel (things) by right. An enemy from (our)

12

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ee eee Ne en ee ee To eee ar oe piste tee) aes

ee ahead

eaepee We Soe verare eesti tae Sed oo

et tal ot Spe pwmece gin rarer yee th Fe pe je pede ets ts

otis Oa er a a a ae ll le ie a

134 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

latere : vos amici procul:
side: [an enemy pressing hard on us]: you friends  at-a-distance.

omnis spes erat in armis. Postquam illa pestis

all hope was’ in arms. After that plague
ejecta-est ex Africd, leti agitabamus pacem,
was-cast-out out-of Africa, joyful we did agitate (enjoy) peace,
quippe quis erat nullus hostis, nisi forté
forsooth to whom _ there was no enemy, unless by chance
quem — jussissetis. Autem
whom you might have ordered [us to consider as such]. But

ecce! Jugurtha ex-improviso, efferens sese intoleranda
lo! Jugurtha suddenly, exalting himself with intolerable

audacia, scelere, atque superbia, meo fratre, atque
boldness, wickedness, and pride, my brother, and

eodem suo propinquo interfecto, primum fecit
the same  his-own relation being killed, first made
regnum ejus predam sui sceleris: post, ubi
the kingdom of him the plunder of his wickedness: after, when

nequit capere me iisdem  dolis, exspectantem
he is-unable to take me by the same stratagems, expecting

nihil minis, quam vim aut bellum, efficit in
nothing less, than violence or war, he makes (me) in

vestro imperio, sicut videtis, extorrem patria,
your government, as you see, an exile from (my) country,

dumo, inopem et coopertum  miseriis, ut
from home, destitute and covered with miseries, (so) that

essem tutits ubivis quam in meo regno. Ego
I might be safer any-where than in my _ kingdom. i

existumabam sic, conscripti patres, uti audiveram
did think thus, conscript fathers, as I had heard

meum patrem preedicantem, eos, qui colerent
my father declaring, those, who might cultivate

diligenter vestram amicitiam, suscipere multum
diligently your friendship, to-undertake much

laborem, cxeterum esse maxumeé tutos ex omnibus.
labour, but te be most safe of all.

Quod . tit ih nostra familia,
What hasbeen in (in the power of) our family,SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 135

preestitit, ut adesset vobis

it has performed, that it might be present (was present) to you

in omnibus bellis: conscripti patres, est vestr

in all wars: conscript fathers, itis in your
manu uti nos simus tuti per otium.

nand (power) that we maybe safe through leisure (in time of

Pater reliquit nos duos _fratres:
peace). (My) father left us two brothers :

ratus-est Jugurtham fore
he supposed [that] Jugurtha to be about-to-be [would be]

conjunctum tertium nobis suis beneficiis. Alter

allied (as) a third tous by his favours. Another
eorum _ necatus (est) ; ego

(one) of them has been killed; [my brother was killed]; I
ipse alter V1x effugi impias manus.
myself the other scarcely have escaped his impious hands.
Quid agam? aut qud_ potissumim  infelix
What shall I do? or whither chiefly unhappy
accedam ? Omnia _ presidia generis
shall I go-to? All the protections of (my) race
extincta-sunt : pater concessit naturz, uti
have been extinguished: (my) father yielded to nature, as
erat mecesse; propinquus, quem minumé  decuit,
was necessary ; a relation, whom by-no-means it became,

eripuit vitam fratri per scelus: alia
snatched _— life to(frommy) brother by wickedness: another (one)

clades oppressit alium: affines, amicos,
calamity oppressed another (one): (my) kinsmen, friends,

meos cxteros propinquos, capti ab Jugurtha,
my other relations, (those) taken by Jugurtha,

pars _acti-sunt in crucem pars  objecti
part have been driven (affixed) to @ Cross part exposed

bestiis: pauci, quibus anima relicta-est,
to beasts: few, to whom soul (existence) has been left,

clausi in tenebris, exigunt vitam graviorem
shut-up in  darknesses, spend life more-severe (than)

morte cum meerore et luctu. Si omnia, quee
death with sorrow and _ grief. If all (things), which

arias Beer. nee Ts

p<

a ae ee ee Cy ey ar oe eee ay weee eee Toe ere raeae ; eee Er) cad hy
ee eet Le Te Beata read *

Shape bet gE el ermine ete geil a paps pala pa poeerepe caters! et etal eh

eee

rr

136 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

aut amisi, aut facta-sunt advorsa ex necessariis
either J have lost, or have been made adverse from necessary

manerent incolumia; tamen si quid
(friendly) might remain safe ; yet if any (thing)

mali accidisset, ex-IMproviso,
of evil might have happened (had happened) suddenly,

mplorarem vos, conscripti patres, quibus  decet,
T would implore you, conscript fathers, to whom it becomes,

jus et omnis (omnes) injurias esse
right and (that) all injuries to be [should be]

cure, pro magnitudine imperil.
for care, [cared for], for (considering) the greatness of(your) empire.

A
Verd nunc exul patria, domo,  solus
But now an exile from (my) country, fromhome, alone

atque egens omnium honestarum rerum, quos

and needing of all honourable things, whom
accedam, aut quos appellem? ne nationes
may I go-to, or whom may I address? whether (those) nations

an reges, omnes qui sunt infesti nostre familiz

or kings, all who are hostile to our family

ob vestram amicitiam? an licet mihi adire
on-account-of your friendship? or is-it-lawful for me to go
quoquam, ubi sint non plurima hostilia
any-where, where there may-be not very-many hostile

monumenta meorum majorum? an potest quisquam,
monuments of my ancestors ? or can any-one,

qui aliquando fuit hostis _—_ vobis
who sometime [at any time] has been anenemy to you

misereri nostri? Postremo, Masinissa ita
to pity of us? [pity us]? Finally, Masinissa so

instituit nos, conscripti patres, ne-coleremus

instructed us, [conscript fathers], (that) we should not-cultivate

quem, ne-acciperemus societates,
the friendship of] any one, (that) we should not-receive alliances,

ne nova foedera, nisi Romani _populi.
not new leagues, unless (those) of the Roman people:

abundé magna preesidia fore nobis in vestra
abundantly great protections to be about-to-be tous in yourOe nn ne ee ee SE hr Ee

 

SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 187
amicitia :
friendship: [that your friendship would be an ample protection to us]:

occidendum nobis una, si
to-be-fallen to(by) us [that we must fall] together, if

fortuna mutaretur huic imperio. Hstis magna et

fortune should be changed to this empire. You are great and
opulenti virtute ac diis volentibus; omnia
opulent by valour and the gods willing ; all (things)

sunt secunda et obedientia; quo  licet  curare
are prosperous and obedient; wherefore it is-lawful to take-care

facilitis injurias sociorum. Vereor tantum
(redress) more-easily the injuries of allies. I fear only

illud, ne privata amicitia Jugurthe, parim cognita,
that, lest the private friendship of Jugurtha, little known,

agat quos transvorsos: quos ego audio
may drive any oblique (astray): whom I hear

niti maxuma ope, ambire, fatigare vos
to endeavour with greatest might, to go-about, to importune you

singulos, ne-statuatis quid de
single (individually), (that) you may not-determine any (thing) of (him)

absente, caus& incognita: me,
absent, (his) cause being unknown (unheard): [that] me, [TI],

cul licuerit manere in
to whom it may have been-lawful [it was permitted] to remain in (my)

regno fingere verba, et simulare fugam.
kingdom tofeign words, and topretend flight. [Made a feigned

Quod utinam videam illum,
statement and pretended flight]. But Q-that Imaysee him,

impio facinore cujus projectus-sum in has

by the impious crime of whom Ihave been cast into these
miserias, simulantem hc eadem: et
miseries, pretending these same (things): and (that)

aliquando cura humanarum rerum oriatur aut apud
some-time a cure of human things may arise either with

vos aut apud immortalis (immortales) deos; ut ille,
you or with the immortal gods; that he,

qui est nunc ferox atque preclarus suis _ sceleribus,
who igs now _ fierce and conspicuous by [his] orim 28,

iz

  
 
  
   
       
     
   
   
   
  
      
  
   
  
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
  
  
   

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Sathana etl alae ale ee spent ohne pe aye pe perme ietet «et

ry ee

a at hee at hae

188 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

excruciatus omnibus malis, reddet gravis (graves) poenas
tortured by all evils, willreturn heavy penalties

impietatis in nostrum parentem, _necis me! fratris,

of impiety unto our parent, of [for] the murder of my brother,
que mearum miseriarum. Jam, jam, frater carissume
and of [for] my miseries. Now, now, brother most-dear
meo animo, quamquam vita erepta-est tibi,
tomy mind, although life has been torn to (from) thee,
immaturo, et unde minume-decuit ;

immature [while quite young], and whence (by whom) _ it-least-became ;

tamen puto tuum casum magis letandum quam
yet I think thy lot more  to-be-rejoiced-at than

dolendum. Enim amisisti non simul cum anima
to-be-grieved-at. For thouhastlost not together with life

regnum, sed fugam, exilium, egestatem et omnis
a kingdom, but flight, exile, want and all

(omnes) has srumnas, que premunt me: At ego
these woes, which oppress mes But I

infelix, preecipitatus in tanta mala, pulsus ex
unhappy, precipitated into so-great evils, driven out-of (my)

patrio regno, preebeo spectaculum humanarum rerum ;
native kingdom, afford a spectacle of human things;

incertus quid agam, ne ipse  egens
uncertain what I may do, whether myself wanting (destitute)

auxiliil, persequar tuas injurias, an potestas
of aid, shall prosecute thy wrongs, or (whether I) the power

cujus vite que necis pendet ex alienis opibus,
of whose life and death depends of (on) foreign (others’) resources

consulam regno.
[depends on the aid of others], may consult (provide) for the kingdom.

Utinam! emori
[May provide for the welfare of the kingdom.] Q-that! to die

esset honestus exitus meis fortunis, ne-viderer
might be an honourable issue tomy fortunes, (that) I might not-seem

vivere contemptus, si defessus malis, concessissem
‘0 live despised, if wearied by evils, I might have yielded

injuriz. Nune quoniam neque lubet
‘had yielded) to injury. Now since neither it pleases (me)SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 139

vivere, neque licet mori sine dedecore, conscripti
to live, nor is it-lawful to die without disgrace, conscript

patres, per vos, per liberos atque vestros parentes
fathers, by you, by (your) children and your parents,

per majestatem Romani populi, subvenite mihi
by the majesty ofthe Roman people, aid to me [me

misero; ite obvidm injuriz; nolite pati
wretched; go toward (oppose) toinjury; be-unwilling to suffer

regnum Numidiz, quod est vestrum, tabescere per
the kingdom of Numidia, which is your-own, to waste-away by

scelus et sanguinem nostra familie.”

wickedness and the blood of our family.”
Postquam rex fecit finem loquendi, legati
After-that the king made an end of speaking, the ambassadors
Jugurthe, freti magis largitione quam ~ causa,
of Jugurtha, relying more on bribery than (their) cause,
respondent paucis: Hiempsalem
answer in few (words): Hiempsal (to have been)
interfectum ab Numidis, ob suam szvitiam ;
Killed by the Numidians, on-account-of his cruelty ;
Atherbalem inferentem bellum  ultro queri
[that] | Adherbal bringing-on war spontaneously to complain
postquam superatus-sit

[complained] after that he may have been conquered (was conquered)

quod nequisset facere injuriam :
because he might have been unable (had been unable) to do injury :
Jugurtham _ petere ab = senatu
[that] Jugurtha to seek [sought] from the senate (that)
ne-putaret se alum ac cognitus-esset

it might not-think himself other than he might have been known

Numantiz, neu  poneret verba
(had been known) at Numantia, nor might place the words

inimici ante sua facta. Deinde utrique egrediuntur
ofan enemy before his deeds. Afterwards both go-out

curia : senatus statim consulitur: fautores
from the senate-house: the senate immediately is consulted : the favourers

legatorum, preterea magna pars depravata gratia,
vf the ambassadors, besides agreat part corrupted by favour

    

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Fe et aint oa meee binned choked tie! ieee tet aes

oe ae a

ee ee

Ee pena

eugene- a2 — a cre, roy i . >
ever eterno erediao Stentor Lio tt areas a abi i

ory, Weer eer een Dyer: Cerurn tte Tot ee erat Lard

erie te ee ee

ee te ee eb ta

140 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

nitebantur contemnere dicta Atherbalis,

(interest), did endeavour to despise thesayings of Adherbal,
extollere virtutem Jugurthe laudibus, gratia, voce,
to extol the virtue of Jugurtha by praises, by favour, by voice,
denique omnibus modis pro alieno scelere et
finally by all means for foreign (another’s) wickedness and
flagitio,

villany {they exerted themselves to defend the wickedness and villany

quasi pro sua gloria. At contra

of another], as-if for their-own glory. But on-the-other-hand
pauci, quibus bonum et sxquum erat carius
a few, to whom good and just was dearer (than)
divitiis, censebant subveniendum Atherbali,
riches, did think to-be-relieved to Adherbal (Adherbal
et mortem Hiempsalis severé
should be relieved) and _ the death of Hiempsal severely
vindicandam. Sed ex omnibus maxumé AMmilius
to-be-avenged. But out-of all chiefly AAmilius
Scaurus, nobilis homo, impiger, factiosus, avidus
Scaurus, a noble man, active, factious, greedy
potenti, honoris, divitiarum, czterim  callidé
of power, of honour, of riches, but cunningly
occultans sua vitia. Postquam is videt famosam
soncealing his vices, After that he sees the infamous
que impudentem largitionem regis, veritus
and shameless bribery of the king, having feared
quod solet in tali re, ne_ polluta licentia
what is-usual in such athing, lest the polluted licentiousness
accenderet invidiam, continult
might inflame envy [might excite odium], he restrained (his)
animum 4 consueta lubidine. Tamen illa pars,
mind from [his} wonted passion. However that part
quee anteferebant pretium aut gratiam vero,
fparty], which did prefer reward or favour to truth,
vicit in senatu. Decretum fit, uti decem
conquered in thesenate. A decree is made, that ten
legati  dividerent regnum quod Micipsa obtinuerat,

ambassadors should divide the kingdom, which Micipsa had obtained,SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 141

inter Jugurtham et Atherbalem. Cujus legationis,
between Jugurtha and Adherbal. Of which embassy,

Lucius Opimius, clarus homo, et tum potens in
Lucius Opimius, an illustrious man, and then powerful in

senatu, fuit princeps; quia consul, Caio Graccho
the senate, was chief ; because (as) consul, Caius Gracchus

et Marco Fulvio interfeetis, exercuerat acerrumé
and Marcus Fulvius being killed, he had exercised very-sharply

vindictam nobilitatis in plebem. Jugurtha,
the revenge of the nobility against the common-people. Jugurtha,
tametsi habuerat eum in amicis Rome, tamen
although hehadhad him among friends at Rome, yet
recepit curatissumé ; perfecit dando
received (him) most-attentively; he [Jugurtha] accomplished by giving
et pollicendo multa, uti anteferret

and by promising many (things), that he might prefer [that Opimius

commodum regis fame, fide (fidei),
should prefer] the convenience of the king to fame, to faith (honour),

postremd omnibus suis rebus. Aggressus _reliquos
lastly to all his-own things. Having attacked the remaining

legatos eAdem vid, capit plerosque:
ambassadors [in the same manner], he takes most: fhe gains most

fides fuit carior paucis, quam pecunia.
of them]: faith (honour) was dearer _ to few, than money.

In divisione, pars Numidiz, que attingit Mauritaniam,
In the division, the part of Numidia, which touches Mauritania,

opulentior agro que viris, traditur Jugurthe.
more-opulent inland and inmen, isdelivered to Jugurtha.

Atherbal possedit illam alteram potiorem specie
Adherbal possessed that other (part) better in appearance

quam usu, que erat portuosior, et magis exornata

than in use, which was superior-in-harbours, and more furnished
sedificiis. Res videtur postulare
with buildings. The thing (subject) seems to require (me)

exponere situm  Africe paucis, et attingere
to explain the situation of Africa in few (words), and to touch-on

eas gentis (gentes) quibuscum bellum aut amicitia
those nations with which war or friendship

=

p 3 i (ti iat
” ee ee ee ne  etnmeenthaee ened hice it esasabete cradle ttre pebedefetoiete leg tt trie ly} ey Pee ! ei taeeS Yee tee arora rt ere Pree vePeN ooo) aor ot toa

Nee en ee diel tek alll el i oho oo

ee eae ee

ae

142 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

fuit  vobis. Sed loca, et nationes, item
had been ito us. But the places, and nations, alse
solitudines, que frequentata-sunt minus ob
deserts, which have been frequented less on-account-of

calorem aut asperitatem, narraverim  haud facile

heat or roughness, I may have related not easily
compertum, de 1s;

(as) discovered, of those; [I cannot easily, or with any certainty,

absolvam
relate what may have been discovered respecting them]; I will despatch

cetera quam-paucissumis.
the rest in the fewest possible (words).

In divisione orbis terre, plerique posuere
In the division of the globe of the earth, most have placed

Africam in tertid parte:  pauci Asiam et
Africa in thethird part: afew (say) Asia and
Europam tantummodo esse, sed Africam

Europe only to be, but Africa (to be contained)
in Huropa. Ha habet finis (fines) ab _occidente,
in Europe. It has [for] boundaries from (on) the west,
fretum nostri maris et oceani: ab — ortu
the strait of our sea and of the ocean [Gibraltar]: from the rising

solis declivem latitudinem,
of the sun (on the east) a sloping latitude, [extent in breadth],

quem locum incole appellant Catabathmon. Mare
which place theinhabitants call the Catabathmus. The sea

sevum, importuosum: ager fertilis frugum,
(is) rough, harbourless : the land fertile of fruits

bonus pecori, infoecundus arbori: penuria aquarum
good _ for cattle, unfruitful for tree: scarcity of waters

colo que terra:
from heaven and from earth: [there is a scarcity of rain and of rivers] <

genus hominum salubri corpore, velox,
the race of men with (of ) wholesome body, swift,
patiens laborum: senectus dissolvit plerosque,
enduring of labours: old-age destroys most,
uisi qui interiere ferro, aut a bestiis:

unless (those) who have perished by iron (sword), or by beasts:SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 143

ham morbus haud sepe superat quemquam. Ad

for disease not often overcomes any-one. To
hoe plurima animalia wmalefici generis. Sed
this (besides) very-many animals ofa destructive kind. But

dicam quam-paucissumis, qui mortales habuerint
I will tell in the-fewest-possible (words), what mortals may have had

Africam initio, que qui postea

(inhabited) Africa in the beginning, and who afterwards
accesserint, aut quo modo per-
may have approached (were added), or inwhat manner they may have
mixti-sint inter se, quamquam est diversum
been intermingled among themselves, although it is different

ab ea fama, que obtinet plerosque,
from that report [account], which possesses most [that

tamen, ut interpretatum-est nobis ex
generally prevails], however, as it has been interpreted to us out-of

Punicis libris, qui dicebantur regis

the Punic books, which were said (to be those) of king

Hiempsalis; que uti cultores ejus terre
: J

Hiempsal ; and as _ the tillers [inhabitants] of that land

putant rem _ habere sese. Ceterum fides

think the thing to have itself [believe]. But the faith
ejus rei erit penés auctores.

(credit) of that thing shall be in-the-power-of the authors. [But the

Geetuli

truth of such narrations must rest with the authors thereof.] The Getulians

et lLibyes, asperi que inculti, quis et ferina
and the Libyans, rough and uncultivated, to whom and (both) wild

caro et pabulum humi_ erat cibus, uti pecoribus,

flesh and fodder ofthe ground was _ food, as to cattle,
habuere Africam initio. Hi regebantur
had (inhabited) Africa in the beginning. These were ruled
neque moribus, neque lege, aut imperio cujusquam:
neither by morals, neither by law, or command of any-one:
vagi,  palantes, habebat  sedes, quas

wandering, straying, they did have the seats [the places of rest], which

nox coegerat. Sed postquam Hercules
night had compelled (them to have). But  after-that Hercules

th
: ies RMP TOT ese 1d
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Nee a ea hae oe eee a deel ae eEE, cadena Raed)

144 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

interiit in Hispania, sicut Afri putant, exercitua

perished in Spain, as the Africans think, the army
ejus compositus ex varls gentibus, duce
of him composed out-of various nations, (their) leader
amisso, ac multis passim petentibus imperium
being lost, and many _ every-where seeking command
quisque sibi, dilabitur brevi.

each for himself, glides-away shortly. [The army is soon dispersed. ]
Ex eo numero Medi, Perse, et Armenii
Out-of that number the Medes, the Persians, and the Armenians

transvecti navibus in Africam, occupavere locos

transported in ships into Afriea, occupied the places
proxumos nostro mari. Sed  Persze
nearest to our sea [the Mediterranean]. But the Persians

magis intra oceanum :
more within the ocean: [but the Persians settled near to the Atlantic

que hi habuere alveos navium inversos pro
ocean]: and these had the hulls of ships inverted for

tuguriis: quia neque materia erat in  agris,
huts: because neither material was in the fields,

neque copia emundi aut mutandi ab
neither plenty (opportunity) of buying or of changing from

Hispanis. Magnum mare et ignara lingua

the Spaniards. A great sea and anunknown tongue

prohibebant commercia. Hi paulatim miscuere

did prohibit commerces. These by-degrees mInixed

Getulos secum per connubia; et ipsi appellavere
the Getulians with-them by marriages; and they called

semet Numidas, quia sepe_ tentantes agros
themselves Numidians, because _— often trying the fields

petiverant alia, deinde alia loca. Catertim
they had sought other, afterwards other (different) places. But

adhue edificia agrestium Numidarum, que _ illi
as-yet the edifices of the rustic Numidians, which they

vocant Mapalia, sunt oblonga,  tecta

incurvis
call Mapalia, are oblong,

covered with curved

lateribus, quasi carine navium. Autem  Libyes
sides, as-if the keels of ships. But the LibyansSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

accessere Medis et Armeniis.

acceded (added themselves to) to the Medes and to the Armenians.
Nam hi agitabant propius Africum mare;
For these didagitate (live) nearer the African sea ;

(Getuli magis sub sole; haud procul ab
(the Getulians more under the sun; not far from

ardoribus) que hi habuere oppida mature.
the heats) and these (the Libyans) had towns early.

Nam divisi freto ab Hispania, instituerant
For divided byastrait from Spain, they had resolved

mutare res inter se. Libyes corrupere
to exchange things among themselves. The Libyans corrupted

nomen eorum paulatim, appellantes, barbara
the name of them  by-degrees, calling (them), in barbarous

lingua, Mauros, pro Medis. Sed res
tongue, Moors, instead-of Medes. But the thing (state)

Persarum adolevit brevi: ac postea Numide
of the Persians increased shortly: and afterwards the Numidians

nomine, digressi 4 parentibus propter
by name, having departed from (their) parents on-account-of (their)

multitudinem, possedere ea loca, que proxuma
multitude, possessed those places, which nearest

Carthaginem appellatur Numidia. Deinde, utrique
Carthage is called Numidia. Afterwards, each

freti alteris, coegere
[the parent state, and colony] relying on the others, compelled (their)

finitimos armis aut metu sub suum imperium;
neighbours by arms or by fear under their-own command ;

addidere nomen que gloriam  sibi: magis hi
they added name and glory tothemselves: rather these

qui processerant ad nostrum mare: quia
fthe colony] who hadproceeded to our sea: because

Libyes minus bellicosi quam Greetuli: denique,
the Libyans (are) less warlike than the Getulians: finally,

pleraque inferior pars Afric possessa-est ab
most-of the lower part of Africa was-possessed by

Numidis: omnes victi concessere in gentem
the Numidians: ali the conquered yielded into the nation

13

veers yt

oa

See a ne ee tt eeetnaenel

PEP ON en en eek sonneleee eter tree eres re verre retires eae

ne} + yn ee pepe ee tape pegenepeiatet a et

146 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

que nomen imperantium.
and name of (those) commanding. [Were incorporated among
Postea Phoenices, alii gratia
their conquerors.] Afterwards the Phenicians, others (some) for the sake
multitudinis minuende domi, pars plebe
of the multitude to-be-lessened at home, part the commonalty
solicitata, cupidine imperii, et alis

having been solicited, from a desire of command, and _ others (being)

avidis novarum rerum, condidere Hipponem,

desirous of new things, built Hippo,
Adrimetum, Leptim, que alias urbis (urbes) in
Adrimetum, Leptis, and other cities on

maritima ord: que ee aucte multim brevi,
the maritime coast: and these being increased much shortly,

pars fuere presidio que alis decor suis
part were foraprotection and _ others for an ornament to their

originibus. Nam puto melius _ silere de
origins. For I think (it) better to be-silent concerning

Carthagine, quam dicere parum, quoniam tempus

Carthage, than to say little, since the time
monet properare allio. Igitur Cyrene est prima,
advises to hasten elsewhere. ‘Therefore Cyrene is the first

colonia Therseon, secundo mari, ad

(city), acolony of the Theraxi, in favourable (along the) sea, at

Catabathmon, gui locus dividit Aigyptum ab

(near) the Catabathmus, which place divides Hgypt from
AfricA, ac deinceps duze Syrtes, que Leptis
Africa, and afterwards the two Syrtes (quicksands), and  Leptis
inter eas: deinde arse Philenon, quem locum
between them: then [the] altars of the Phileni, which place
versus Aigyptum Carthaginienses habuere finem

toward Egypt the Carthaginians had (as) the boundary

imperii: post, aliee Punicee urbes. Numide
of (their) government: after, other Punic cities. The Numidians

tenent cetera loca usque ad Mauritaniam. Mauri
hold tne ather places until to Mauritania. The Moors
sunt proxume Hispaniam. Accepimus

are nearest (to) Spain. We have received (heard)SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 147

Geetulos agitare super Numidiam, partim in

the Getulians to agitate (live) above Numidia, partly in
tuguriis, alios vagos incultius. Aithiopas
huts, others wandering more-uncultivatedly. The Ethiopians

esse post eos. Dein loca exusta ardoribus  solis.
tobe after them. Then places parched by the heats of the sun.

Igitur Jugurthino bello, Romanus _ populus

Therefore in the Jagurthine war, the Roman people

administrabat per magistratus pleraque oppida ex
did administer by magistrates most towns of

Punicis, et  finis(fines) Carthaginiensium, quos
the Carthaginians, and the boundaries of the Carthaginians, which

habuerant novissumé : magna pars Getulorum,
they had had very-newly (lately): agreat part of the Getulians,

et Numide usque ad flumen Mulucham, erant
and the Numidians as-far-as to the river Mulucha, were

sub Jugurtha: Rex Bocchus, ignarus Romani
under Jugurtha: King Bocchus, ignorant of the Roman

populi ceetera preter nomen,
people (asto) other (things) besides the name, [ignorant of the

que item cognitus
Roman people in every thing except name], and _ also known

antea nobis neque bello neque pace, imperitabat
before tous neither in war nor in peace, did command

omnibus Mauris: satis dictum de Africa

to all the Moors: enough has been said _ of Africa
et incolis ejus ad necessitudinem
and the inhabitants of it to (for) the necessity
rel.

the thing (subject).

Postquam, regno diviso, legati
After that, the kingdom having been divided, the ambassadors

decessere Afric4, et Jugurtha videt sese adeptum-(esse)
departed from Africa, and Jugurtha sees himself to have obtained

preemia sceleris contra timorem animi ,
the rewards of wickedness contrary-to the fear of (his) mind;
ratus quod acceperat ex amicis apud

having supposed what he had received (heard) from (his) friends at

hy
po

=

|
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a

ao

ra

Pe ee

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eine

148 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Numantiam, certum, omnia esse
Numantia, certain [that fora certainty], all (things) to be

venalia Rome, et simul accensus
venal at Rome, and at-the-same-time having been inflamed

pollicitationibus illorum, quos expleverat pauld ante
by the promises of those, whom he had satisfied a little before

muneribus, intendit animum in regnum
with gifts, directs (his) mind into the kingdom
Atherbalis. Ipse acer, bellicosus: at is quem
of Adherbal. Himself vigorous, warlike : but he whom

petebat, quietus, imbellis, placidus ingenio,
he did seek, (was) quiet, unwarlike, placid in disposition,

opportunus injurie, metuens magis quim metuendus.
suitable for injury, fearing rather than to-be-feared.

Igitur invadit  finis (fines) ejus de-improviso cum
Therefore he invades the boundaries of him suddenly with

magn manu: capit multos mortalis (mortales), cum
a great band : takes many mortals, with

pecore atque alia predia: incendit sedificia ;
cattle and with other plunder: burns the edifices ;

accedit pleraque loca hostiliter cum equitatu.
approaches most places hostilely with cavalry.

Deinde convertit cum omni multitudine in suum
Then he turns with all the multitude into his-own

regnum, existumans Atherbalem permotum dolore

kingdom, thinking Adherbal moved by grief

vindicaturum suas injurias
(resentment) about-to-avenge [would revenge] his wrongs
manu, que eam rem fore causam

by hand (action), and that thing to-be-about-to-be [would be] the cause
belli. At ile misit Jegatos ad Jugurtham,

of war. But he sent ambassadors to Jugurtha,

questum de injuriis, quod neque existumabat se
to complain of the injuries, because neither did he think himself

parem armis, et fretus-erat amicitia Romani populi
equal in arms, and had relied on the friendship of the Roman people

magis quim Numidis: quitametsi retulerant
rather than on the Numidians: who although they had brought-hackSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 149

contumeliosa dicta, tamen decrevit pati omnia

contumelious sayings, yet heresolved to suffer all (things)
priusquam sumere bellum: quia
sooner-than to take war [to make war]: because (war)
tentatum antea cesserat secus. Cupido
tried before had resulted otherwise (untowardly). The desire
Jugurthe neque wminuebatur magis e0:

of Jugurtha neither was lessened more on-this-account:
quippe qui invaserat jam totum regnum ejus

inasmuch-as (one) who had invaded already the whole kingdom of him

animo. Itaque ccepit gerere bellum non ut antea,
in mind. Therefore he began to carry-on war not as_ before,

cum preedatorid manu, sed magno exercitu comparato,
with aplundering band, but withagreat army being provided,

et aperté petere imperium totius Numidie.

and openly to seek the command of the whole of Numidia.
Ceeterum, qua pergebat, vastare
But, wheresoever he did proceed (he began), to lay-waste
urbis (urbes), agros, agere predas,
cities, lands, to drive-away plunders [to drive off the cattle
augere animum suis, terrorem
and flocks], to increase mind (spirit) to his-own (men), terror
hostibus.

to the enemies. [To increase the courage of his own men, and strike

Atherbal ubi_ intelligit processum-

terror to his enemies.] Adherbal when he understands to have pro-

(esse ed, uti regnum aut  esset
ceeded [that it had come] to-this, that (his) kingdom either should be

relinquendum, aut retinendum armis, necessario

to-be-left, or to-be-retained by arms, necessarily
parat copias, et procedit obvius Jugurthee.
prepares forces, and proceeds opposite (against) to Jugurtha.

Interim exercitus utriusque consedit prope oppidum

Meantime the army of each encamped near the towr.
Cirtam, haud long8 & mari; et prelium non
Cirta, not far from thesea; and _ the battle (was) not

inceptum, quia erat extremum diei: sed ubi
begun, because it was the extreme of theday: but when

13 *

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150 SALLUSTIIL JUGURTHA.

plerumque noctis processit, lumine etiam tum
most of the night advanced, thelight even then (being,

obscuro,
pbscure [the night having nearly passed, and the day began to dawn],

Jugurthini milites, signo dato, invadunt castra
the Jugurthine soldiers, the signal being given, invade the camps

hostium ; fugant que fundunt partim
of the enemies; put-to-flight and pour (rout) partly (some)

semisomnos, alios sumentes arma: Atherbal profugit
half-asleep, others taking arms: Adherbai escapes

cum paucis equitibus Cirtam: et ni fuisset
with afew horsemen (to) Cirta: and unless there might have been

multitudo togatorum, que prohibuit
(had been) a multitude of toga-wearers (Romans), which prohibited

Numidas insequentes meenibus, bellum inter duos
the Numidians pursuing from the walls, the war between the two

reges foret coeptum et patratum uno die. Igitur
kings mightbe begun and finished inone day. Therefore

Jugurtha circumsedit oppidum, aggreditur expugnare
Jugurtha beset the town, attempts to storm (it)

vineis que turribus, et machinis omnium generum :
with mantlets and towers, and machines of all kinds:

maxumé festinans antecapere tempus

chiefly hastening to anticipate the time (of return)
legatorum, quos audiverat missos ab
of the ambassadors, whom he had heard (to have been) sent by

Atherbale Romam ante prelium factum.
Adherbal (to) Rome before the battle being done (fought)

Sed postquam senatus accepit de bello eorum,
But after that the senate received (heard) of the war of them,

tres adolescentes legantur in Africam, qui adeant

three young-men are deputed into Africa, who may go-to
ambos reges; nuncient verbis _ senatiis
both the kings; may announce (to them) in the words of the senate

que Romani populi, velle et censere eos discedere
and ofthe Roman people, to will and to think them to depar:

ab armis:
f-m arms: [that it was their wish and determination, that they shoul¢SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 151

ita esse dignum que ge que
desist from war]: so tobe worthy and (both) themselves and

illis.
them. [This was due both to their dignity and tkat of the kings.]

Legati veniunt maturantes in Africam; magis
The ambassadors come hastening into Africa ; the more
e quod audiebatur Rome, dum parant

en-this-account, because it was heard at Rome, whilst they prepare

proficisci, de prelio _ facto, et oppugnatione
to set-out, of the battle having been done (fought), and the siege

Cirtze. Sed is rumor erat clemens. Oratione

of Cirta. But that report was mild. The speech
quorum acceptaé, Jugurtha  espondit, neque
of whom being received, Jugurtha answered, neither
quidquam esse majus neque carius sibi

any (thing) tobe greater nor dearer to him (than)

auctoritate senattis: se ita enisum-(esse) ab
the authority of the senate: himself so to have endeavoured from

adolescentia ut probaretur ab quoque optumo:
youth that he might be approved by _— every best (man):

placuisse Publio Scipioni,
to have pleased [that he had made himself acceptable] to Publius Scipio,

summo viro, virtute, non malitid: adoptatum-esse
the highest man, by virtue, not by malice: to have been adopted

in regnum a Micipsd ob easdem artis (artes),
into the kingdom by Micipsa for thesame arts (endowments),

aon penurid liberorum: caterum quo fe-
not from want of children: but by how-much he might have
cisset plura bene atque strenué, ed

done (haddone) more (things) well and vigorously, by that

animum minus tolerare
(therefore) (his) mind less to endure [would less endure]

injuriam: Atherbalem insidiatum-(esse) suze vite

injury : Adherbal to have plotted for his life
* . ° ey

dolis: quod ubi comperisset, isse obviam

by deceits: which when he might have found, to have gone toward

sceler1: ie
(he opposed) tc wickedness: [he discovered and opposed this wickedness]:

pe

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=. «sar saneniee aeeieiaemeieeeEel r

meneame .ay eeyeee wee vn Te ts
RF Ney oar edi et eke ee eA aye

Pee een nae

rv are
nieetntiien cones NT enh Lidted od alee ek eke ee

152 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Romanum populum facturum neque recté, neque
the Roman people (to be) about-to-do neither rightly, neither

pro bono, si prohibuerit sese ab ‘jure
for [their] good, if it shall have prohibited him from the right

gentlum: postremo, missurum
of nations: lastly, (to be) about-to-send [that he was about to

brevi legatos Romam de _ omnibus rebus.
end] shortly ambassadors (to) Rome concerning all things.

Ita utrique digrediuntur. Copia Atherbalis
Thus both depart. An opportunity of Adherbal

appellandi fuit non. Jugurtha, ubi
to-be-addressed (of addressing Adherbal) was not. Jugurtha, when

ratus-est eos decessisse Africa, neque  posset
he supposed them to have departed from Africa, neither he might be-able

expugnare Cirtam armis _ propter
io storm [neither could he storm] Cirta with arms on-account-of

naturam loci, circumdat menia vallo atque
the nature of the place, hesurrounds the walls witharampart and

fossa: extruit turris (turres), que firmat eas
trench : raises towers, and strengthens them

preesidiis: preeterea tentare dies que noctes
with guards: besides (he began) to try days and nights

aut per vim aut dolis: ostentare
[to take the place] either by violence or stratagems: to display

mod6 premia, modo formidinem defensoribus meenium,
now rewards, now terror to the defenders of the walls,

erigere suos ad virtutem  hortando,  prorsus
to excite his own (men) to valour by encouraging, altogether

intentus parare cuncta. Atherbal ubi _ intelligit
intent to prepare all (things). Adherbal when he understands

omnis (omnes) suas fortunas sitas in extremo,

all his fortunes situate in extreme (danger),

hostem infestum, nullam spem auxili, bellum non
’ ’

the enemy hostile, no hope of assistance, the war not

posse trahi penuria necessariarum rerum;

to be able to be protracted from want of necessary things; [he]

delegit duos maxumé impigros ex lis, qui profugerant
chose two most active out-of those, who had fledSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 1538

und Cirtam, confirmat eos pollicendo
together (to) Cirta, strengthens (prevails on) them by promising

multa, ac miserando suum casum, uti
many (things), and by bewailing his-own misfortune, that

pergerent noctu per munitiones hostium
they would proceed by night through the fortifications of the enemies

ad proxumum mare, dein Romam. Numide
to the next sea, then (to) Rome. The Numidians

efficiunt jussa paucis diebus;  litere
execute the commands in a few days}; letters (a letter)

Atherbalis recitate in senatu, sententia quarum
of Adherbal (was) read-aloud in the senate, the purport of whick

fuit heec:
was this :

“Conscripti patres! mitto sepé ad vos oratum
“¢ Conscript fathers! send often to you to entreal

non med culpa, sed vis Jugurthe subigit ;
not by my-own fault, but the violence of Jugurtha forces (me);

quem tanta lubido extinguendi me invasit, uti
whom  so-great a desire of destroying me has seized, that

neque habeat vos, neque immortalis (im-
neither he may have (he has) you, nor the immortal

mortales) deos in animo ; malit
gods in (his) mind; he may have-rather (he prefers)

meum sanguinem quam omnia Itaque socius
my blood than all (things). Therefore an ally

et amicus Romani populi, teneor obsessus armis
and friend of the Roman people, Iam held besieged with arms

jam quintum mensem: neque beneficia mei patris

now the fifth month: neither the favours of my father
Micipse, neque vestra decreta auxiliantur mihi:
Micipsa, nor your decrees aid to me:
sum incertus urgear acrius ferro,
[am uncertain (whether) I may be oppressed more-fiercely by iron

an fame. Mea fortuna dehortatur me
‘sword), or by hunger. My fortune dissuades me

scribere plura de Jugurtha: etiam expertus-sum
to write more concerning Jugurtha: also I have experienced

a
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154 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

antea, parum fidei esse miseris. Nisi tamen
before, little of faith (credit) to be tothe wretched. Unless however

intelligo illum petere supra quam ego sum,
Iunderstand him to seek (something) above than I am,

neque sperare vestram
[something higher than myself], neither to hope-for your

amicitiam et meum regnum simul. Occultum-est
friendship and my kingdom together. It has been concealed

nemini utrum existumet gravius. Nam _ occidit
to no-one which he may think more-serious. For he killed

meum fratrem Hiempsalem initio; dein
my brother Hiempsal in the beginning; afterwards

expulit me patrio regno. Quz sané
he expelled me from (my) paternal kingdom. What indeed

fuerint nostre injuriz, nihil ad vos.
may have been (have been) our wrongs, (is) nothing to you.

Vertim nunc tenet vestrum regnum armis: tenet
But now he possesses your kingdom by arms: he holds

clausum, atque obsidet me, quem vos posuistis
shut (confined), and  besieges me, whom you haveplaced

imperatorem Numidis: mea pericula declarant
(as) a ruler tothe Numidians: my dangers declare

quanti fecerit verba lega-
of how-much (value) he may have made (has made) the words of the am-

torum. Quid est reliquum, quo possit moveri,
bassadors. What is remaining, by which he may be-able to be moved,

nisi vestra vis? Nam ego quidem vellem et
unless your force? For i indeed should wish and (both)

heec, que scribo, et illa que antea
these (words), which JIvwrite, and those (things) which  bé¢fore

questus-sum in senatu, forent vana
Ihave complained in the senate, might be (were) vain (groundless)

potiusyuam mea miseria faceret fidem verbis.
rather-than my misery should make faith (credit) to (my) words.

Sed quoniam natus-sum ed, ut essem  ostentui
But since I have been born for-this, that I might be fora spectacle

scelerum Jugurthe, jam non-deprecor mortem
£the wickednesses of Jugurtha, now 1 do not-deprecate deathSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

neque srumnas, tantummodo imperium inimici, et

nor miseries, but-only the command of an enemy, and
cruciatus corporis. Consulite regneG
tortures of body. Consult (provide) for the kingdom
Numidiz quod est vestrum uti libet: eripite
of Numidia which is your-own as_ it pleases (you): rescue
me ex implis manibus, per majestatem
me from impious hands, by (for the sake of) the majesty

imperil, per fidem amicitie; si ulla memoria
ofthe empire, by the faith of friendship; if any _ recollection

mei avi Masinisse remanet apud vos.”
of my grand-sire Masinissa remains among you.”

His literis recitatis, fuere
These letters (this letter) having been read-aloud, there were (some)

qui censerent exercitum mittendum
who might think (thought) an army to-be-sent (should be sent)

in Africam, et subveniendum Atherbali
into Africa, and _ to-be-relieved to Adberbal [and Atherbal re-

quamprimum, uti interim
lieved] as-soon-as-possible, that [in the mean time]
consuleretur de Jugurtha, quoniam
it should be deliberated concerning Jugurtha, since
non-paruisset legatis. Sed
he might not have obeyed (had not obeyed) to the ambassadors. But
enisum summa ope ab illis isdem
(it was) endeavoured with the utmost might by those same

fautoribus regis, tale decretum _ne-fieret.
favourers of the king, (that) such adecree might not-be-made.

Ita publicum bonum, ut solet plerisque negotiis,
Thus the public good, as is usual in most affairs, (was)

devictum privaté gratia. amen nobiles majores
overcome by private interest. However noble (men) greater

natu usi amplis honoribus,
by birth (elder) having used ample honours, {having enjoyed the

legantur in Africam: in
highest honours of the state], are deputed into Africa: among

quis fuit Marcus Scaurus, de quo memoravimus
whom was Marcus Scaurus, of whom we have recorded

nh

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156 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

supra, consularis et tum princeps senati. Hi,
above, a consular (man) and then chief — of the senate. These,

quod res erat in invidia et simul
because the thing was in envy (odium), and  at-the-same-time

obsecrati a Numidis, ascendére
having been besought by the Numidians, embarked [on board]

navim triduo, dein brevi  adpulsi Uticam,
aship in-three-days, then shortly being carried (to) Utica,

mittunt literas ad Jugurtham, accedat
send letters (a letter) to Jugurtha, (that) he may repair

quam-ocissumé ad  provinciam; se
(to repair) as quickly as possible to the province; themselves

missos (esse) ad eum ab senatu. LIlle,  ubi

to have been sent to him by __ the senate. He, when

accepit, claros homines, auctoritatem
he received (intelligence), [that] illustrious men, the authority

quorum audiverat pollere Romx, venisse
of whom he had heard to prevail at Rome, to have come [had come]

contra suum inceptum, primd commotus metu,
against his undertaking, at-first moved

by fear,
atque lubidine, agitabatur divorsus.
and by passion, __ was agitated different (in different ways).
Timebat iram  senatfis, ni paruisset
He did fear the anger of the senate, unless he might have obeyed
legatis : porro animus, ceecus
(had obeyed) to the ambassadors: moreover (his) mind, blind
cupidine, rapiebat ad  inceptum scelus.

with desire, did hurry (him) to the undertaken wickedness.

Tamen pravum  consilium vicit in avido
However the depraved design conquered in (his) covetous

Ingenio. Igitur, exercitu circumdato,
(ambitious) disposition. Therefore, the army havin

g been placed-around,
nititur summa V1
he endeavours with the utmost force

maxumé sperans sese inventurum casum victorie
chiefly hoping himself about-to-find achance of victory

aut = vi aut dolis, manu
either by force or by stratagems,

irrumpere Cirtam,
to break-into Cirta,

hostium
the band [the forces] of the enemiesSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 157

_ diducta. Ubi quod procedit secus,
having been separated. When which (attempt) proceeds otherwise,

neque potest efficere quod intenderat, uti _ potiretur
neither can-he effect what he had designed, that he might possess

Atherbalis priusquam conveniret legatos; — venit

of Adherbal before-that he might meet the ambassadors; he came
cum paucis equitibus in provinciam, ne morando
with (a) few horsemen into the province, lest by delaying
amplius, incenderet Scaurum, quem metuebat
more (longer), he might incense Scaurus, whom he did fear
plurimim. Ac tametsi graves mine nunciabantur
very-much. And although heavy threats were announced

verbis senatis, quod non-desisteret ab

in the words’ of the senate, because he would not-desist from

oppugnatione, tamen multa oratione consumpta,
the siege, yet much speech being wasted,

legati discessere frustra. Postquam ea
the ambassadors departed in-vain. After that those (things)

audita-sunt Cirte, Italici, virtute quorum moenia
were heard at Cirta, the Italians, by the valour of whom the walls

defensabantur, confisi, deditione fecta, sese
were defended, having trusted, a surrender being made, themselves

fore inviolatos propter magnitudinem
to be about-to-be [would be] uninjured on-account-of the greatness

Romani populi, suadent Atherbali, uti _—tradat
of the Roman people, persuade to Adherbal, that he may deliver

que se et oppidum Jugurthe, tantim paciscatur
both himself and the town to Jugurtha, only may bargain

Vitam ap  €05 de czeteris
fand only bargain] for life from him; concerning the others

fore cure  senatui.
to be-about-to-be for a care to the senate. [That the senate would care

At ille, tametsi rebatur omnia
for the rest.] But he, although he did suppose all (things)

otiora fide Jugurthe, tamen quia potestas
preferable (than) the faith of Jugurtha, however because the power
cogendi erat penés eosdem, si adversaretur,

a compelling (him) was in-the-power-of thesame, if he should oppose,

14

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158 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

fecit deditionem ita, uti Italic: censuerant. Igitur
made asurrender so, as theltalians had resolved. Therefore

Jugurtha in primis necat Atherbalem
Jugurtha in (among) the first puts-to-death Adherbal

excruciatum: deinde interfecit omnes Numidas
having been tortured: aftewards he killed all the Numidian

puberes, atque negotiatores promiscué, uti quisque
youths, and merchants promiscuously, as each

fuerat obvius armatis. Quod postquam
had been opposite (met) to the armed (men). Which after that

cognitum-est Rome, et res cepta(est) agitari

it was known at Rome, and thething was begun to be agitated
in senatu; illi idem ministri regis leniebant
in the senate; those same servants of the king did mitigate

atrocitatem facti interpellando, ac sepé _ gratia,
the atrocity of the deed by interrupting, and often by interest,

interdum trahendo tempus _ jurgiis. KE. Dl
sometimes by protracting the time in contentions. And unless

Cass Memmius, tribunus designatus plebis, acer
Caius Memmius, tribune elect of the people, an acute

vir, et infestus potentiz nobilitatis, edocuisset
man, and hostile tothe power of the nobility, might have instructed

Romanum populum, id agi,
(had instructed) the Roman people, that to be acted, [that it was

uti scelus Jugurthe condonaretur
in agitation,] that the wickedness of Jugurtha might be pardoned

per paucos factiosos, profectO omnis
through (a) few factious (persons), in-deed all

invidia dilapsa-foret consultationibus
the envy (odium) would have passed-away by the deliberations

prolatandis. Tanta erat

to-be-deferred (by deferring the deliberations). So-great was

vis gratie, atque pecunie regis. Sed ubi
the force of the interest, and of the money of theking But when

senatus, conscientia - delicti, timet populum,

the senate, from a consciousness of crime, fears the pecple,

provincie Numidia atque Italia decretz (sunt)
the provinces Numidia and Italy were decreedSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 153

futuris consulibus Semproniad lege: Publius

to the future consuls by the Sempronian law: Publius
Scipio Nasica, Lucius Bestia Calpurnius declarati (sunt)
Scipio Nasica, Lucius Bestia Calpurnius were declared

consules: Numidia oobvenit  Calpurnio, Italia
consuls: Numidia came-by-lot to Calpurnius, ltaly
Scipioni. Dein _exercitus__ scribitur, qui
to Scipio. Afterwards an army is written (levied), which

portaretur in Africam: stipendium, que alia,
enould be carried into Africa : pay, and other

qu forent usui bello, decernuntur. At
(things), which might be foruse in war, are decreed. But

Jugurtha, nuncio accepto contra spem, quippe
Jugurtha, a message being received against hope, forsooth

cul heserat in animo omnia
yone)to whom it had settled in mind (who thought) all (things)

venire Rome; mittit filium et duos familiares
to be-venal at Rome; sends (his) son and two intimate

cum €0 legatos ad senatum; que
(friends) with him (as) ambassadors to the senate ; and

precipit iis uti illis, quos miserat, Hiempsale
directs to these as to those, whom _ he had sent, Hiempsal

interfecto, aggrediantur
having been killed, (that) may attempt [that they should attempt]

omnis (omnes) mortalis (mortales) pecunia:

(to bribe) all mortals with money:
qui postquam adventabant Romam,  senatus
who after that they did approach (to) Rome, the senate
consultus-est a Bestia, ne placeret

was consulted by Bestia, whether it might please (them)

legatos Jugurthe recipi moenibus ;
the ambassadors of Jugurtha to be received in the walls (the city);

que ii decrevere, ut decederent Italia im

and these decreed, that they should depart from Italy in
proxumis decem diebus, ni venissent

the next ten days, unless they might have come (had come;
deditum regnum que ipsum. Consul

to surrender thekingdom and [and theking] himself. The consu:

Peree ee Mate! Sc tere os pei aes eed

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whemeth wirtsteres ie 1 ELS pmenepertie bet gt ethan y ttt bret ene

160 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

jubet nunciari Numidis ex decreta
orders (it) tobe told tothe Numidians according-to the deoree
senatiis. Ita illi discedunt domum, rebus
of the senate. Thus they depart home, (their) affairs
infectis. Interim Calpurnius, exercitu
being unaccomplished. Mean-time Calpurnius, an army

parato, legat — sibi
being prepared, deputes to himself [selects for himself lieutenants]

nobiles homines factiosos, auctoritate quorum
noble men factious, by the authority of whom

sperabat, que deliquisset fore
he did hope, what he might have transgressed to be about-to be [would

munita, in quis fuit Scaurus, de natura et
be] protected, amengst whom was Scaurus, of thenature and

habitu cujus memoravimus supra. Nam multe
disposition of whom wehaverecorded above. For many
que bons artes animi et corporis erant in
and good arts (qualities) of mind and of body were in

nostro consule; omnis (omnes) quas  avaritia

our consul ; all which avarice
prepediebat. Patiens laborum, acrl ingenio,
did hinder. Patient of labours, with(of)asharp disposition,
satis  providens, haud ignarus belli, firmissimus
sufficiently provident, not ignorant of war, most-firm
contra pericula et insidias. § Sed  legiones
against dangers and snares. But the legions
transvecte (sunt) per lItaliam Rhegium, atque
were conveyed through Italy (to) Rhegium, and
inde Siciliam, porro ex Sicilia in Africam.
thence (to) Sicily, moreover from Sicily into Africa.
Tgitur Calpurnius, commeatibus paratis initio,
Therefore Calpurnius, provisions being prepared in the beginning,
acriter ingressus-est Numidiam; que cepit multos
vigorously entered Numidia ; and took many
mortalis (mortales), et aliquot urbis (urbes) pugnando.
men, and some cities by fighting.
Sed ubi Jugurtha ccepit tentare pecunia

But when Jugurtha began to try (tempt him) with moneySALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 161
per legatos, que ostendere asperitatem
through ambassadors, and to show

the roughness (difficulty)

belli, quod administrabat, animus, eger avaritid,

of the war, which _he did manage, (his) mind, sick with avarice,

conversus-est facilé. Cseteriim Scaurus assumitur

was changed easily. But Scaurus is chosen (as)
socius et administer omnium consiliorum ; qui
&f associate and manager of all (his) designs; who

tametsi impugnaverat regem acerrumé a __ principio,
although he had opposed the king most-sharply from the beginning,

plerisque ex factione  ejus corruptis,
most of the faction of him [of his party] being corrupted,

tamen ahbstractus-est & bono que honesto in
yet he was drawn-away from good and _ honourable into

pravum magnitudine pecuniz. Sed Jugurtha primim
depraved by the greatness of themoney. But Jugurtha at-first

redimebat tantummodo moram belli, existumans sese
did purchase only a delay of war, thinking himself

effecturum aliquid interim Rome __pretio,
about-to-effect some (thing) in-the-mean-time at Rome by price

aut gratia; verd posteaquam accepit
(bribery), or by interest; but after-that he received (heard)

Scaurum participem negotii, adductus in maxumam

Scaurus partaker of the business, led into the greatest
spem pacis recuperande,
hope of peace to-be-recovered (of recovering peace),
statuit  preesens agere cum eis
he resolved present (personally) to act (treat) with them
de omnibus _ pactionibus. Ceeterim
about all agreements. [About a treaty. ] But
interea, causa fidei, Sextius mittitur 4
mean-time, for the sake - of faith, Sextius issent by
consule queestor in Vaccam, oppidum Jugurthe ;
by the consul (as)questor into Vacca, a town of Jugurtha;
species cujus rel erat acceptio frumenti, quod
the pretence of which thing was _ the receiving of corn, which

Calpurnius palam imperaverat legatis, quoniam
Calpurnius openly had ordered to the ambassadors, since

14 *

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162 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

induciz agitabantur mora  deditionis.
truces were agitated (continued) by the delay of surrender

Igitur rex venit in castra (pl.) uti constituerat.

Therefore the king came into the camp, as he had resolved :
ac locutus pauca, consilio preesenti,
and having spoken afew (words), the council (being) present,
de invidia sui facti, atque ut acciperetur

of theenvy (odium) of his deed, and that he might be received
in deditionem, transegit reliqua secreta cum
into surrender, transacted the remaining (tliings) secret with

Bestia et Scauro: dein accipitur in deditionem

Bestia and Scaurus: then he is received into surrender
postero die, sententiis exquisitis quasi
on the following day, the opinions being sought (taken) _[as-if ]

per-saturam. Sed uti imperatum-erat pro consilio,
indiscriminately. But as it had been commanded before the council,

triginta elephanti, pecus, atque multi equi, cum
thirty elephants, cattle, and many horses, with

non parvo pondere argenti traduntur questori.
not a small weight of silver are delivered to the questor.

Calpurnius proficiscitur Romam ad _ magistratus
Calpurnius sets-out (to) Rome to magistrates

rogandos.
to-be-asked (to elect magistrates). [To preside at the election of magis
Pax agitabatur in Numidia et nostro

trates.] Peace was agitated (enjoyed) in Numidia and in our

exercitu. Postquam fama divulgavit res gestas
army. After that fame divulged the things carried-on

in Africa, que quo modo actee-forent,
in Africa, andin what manner they might have been done (had been

agitari de facto _ consulis
done), (it began) tobediscussed concerning the deed of the consul

Rome per omnis (omnes) locos et conventus.

at Rome through all places and assemblies.
Gravis invidia apud plebem: patres erant
Heavy envy (odium) among the commonalty: the fathers were
soliciti; partium-constabat ne probarent tantum
anxious; it was not-evident

whether they should approve so-greatSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA 163

flagitium, an subverterent decretum consulis. Ac
villany, or should overthrow the decree of the consul. And

potentia Scauri, quéd is ferebatur auctor et socius
the power of Scaurus, because he was reported theadviser and associate

Bestize, maxumé impediebat eos 4 vero que honesto.
of Bestia, chiefly did prevent them from true and honourable

At Caius Memmius, de libertate cujus
(conduct). But Caius Memmius, of the freedom of whose

ingenil, et odio potentie nobilitatis diximus supra,
disposition, and hatred of the power of the nobility we have said above,

inter dubitationem et moras senatiis hortari
(began) amid the hesitation and delays of the senate to encourage

populum concionibus ad-vindicandum :

the people in assemblies to vindicate (punish such conduct) :
monere ne-desererent rempublicam, ne suam
to advise they would not-forsake the republic, not their-own

libertatem : ostendere multa superba, crudelia facinora
liberty : to point-out many proud, cruel crimes

nobilitatis: prorsus intentus, accendebat animum

of the nobility: altogether intent, he did inflame the mind (spirit)
plebis omni modo. Sed quoniam facundia
of the commonalty in every manner. But since the eloquence

Memmi fuit clara que pollens Rome ea
of Memmius was _ illustrious and _ powerful at Rome at that

tempestate, existumavi  decere perscribere unam

time, I have thought (it) to be-fit to transcribe one
orationem ejus ex tam multis; ac dicam potissumum
speech of him out-of so many; andI will say chiefly
ea quee disseruit in concione post reditum

those (words) which he discussed im the assembly after the return

Bestize, verbis hujusmodi:
of Bestia, in words of this-kind:

‘¢ Multa dehortantur me a vobis,
“Many (things) dissuade me from (addressing) you
ni studium reipublicee superet omnia;  opes

unless (my) zeal forthe republic maysurmount all; theresources

factionis, vestra patientia, nullum jus; ac maxumé,
ofa faction, your-own patience, no right; and chiefly,

 

     
  
  
    
  
   
   
  
       
    
   
   
    
     
  
    
   
   
    
     

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164 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

quod est plus periculi quam honoris imnocentie,
because (there) is more ofdanger than of honour to innocence

Nam quidem _piget dicere illa,
(integrity). For indeed it grieves (me) to say those (things),

quam _fueritis his XV (quindecim)

how you may have been (ye have been) in these fifteen

annis ludibrio superbize paucorum: quam fedé que
years for asport to the pride of afew: how disgracefully and

quam inulti vestri defensores perierint ;
how unrevenged your defenders may have perished (have pe-

uti animus sit  vobis corruptus
rished); that the mind may be to you (your mind is) corrupted

vobis ab ignavia atque socordi{: qui exsurgitis ne

for you by indolence and _— slothfulness: who rise [not]
quidem nunc, inimicis obnoxiis,
even now, (your) enemies (being) obnoxious, [being in

atque etiam nunc
your power, on account of their corruption], and even now

timetis eos, quibus decet vos esse terrori. Sed

fear them, to whom it becomes you _ to be for a terror. But
quamquam hee sunt talia, tamen animus
although these (things) are such, yet (my) mind
subigit ire obvidm potentiz factionis.

forces (me) to go toward (to oppose) to the power of a faction.

Certé ego experiar libertatem que tradita-est mihi
Surely I willtry-for the liberty which has been delivered to me

~ ~ : - A
a meo parente; verum situm-est In vestra manu,

from my parent; but itis placed in your hand,
Quirites ! faciam id frustra,
fin your power], O Romans! (whether) I may do _ that in-vain,
an ob rem. Neque ego hortor
or on-account-of the thing (effectually). Neither [do] I exhort
Vos quod vestri majores fecere spe, uti eatis
you (to think) which your ancestors have done often, that you may go
armati contra injurias. Kst nihil opus
armed against injuries. There is nothing (no) need with (of)
va nahi} secessione. Hst necesse ipsi

force, nothing with (of) secession. Itis necessary (that) theySALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 165

vant precipites suomet more. ‘Tiberio Graccho
may go__—ciheadilong in their-own manner. Tiberius Gracchus

occiso, quem aiebant parare regnum, graves
being slain, whom they did say to prepare (aim at) kingdom, heavy

queestiones habite-sunt in Romanam _ plebem.
inquisitions were held against the Roman commonalty,

Multi mortales necati-sunt incarcere, post cedem
Many men have been put-to-death in prison, after the slaughter

Caii Gracchi, et Marci Fulvii, item vestri ordinis.
oi Caius Gracchus, and of Marcus Fulvius, also of your order.

Non lex, sed lubido eorum fecit finem utriusque
Not law, but the caprice of them has made an end of each

cladis. Sed sané fuerit paratio regni,
slaughter. But indeed it may have been a procuring of kingdom,

restituere sua jura plebi. Quidquid
to restore their-own rights to the commonalty. Whatsoever

nequitur ulcisci sine sanguine civium,
is-unable (they are-unable) toavenge without theblood of citizens,

[let whatever could not have been punished, without shedding the blood

factum-sit jure. ‘Taciti indignabamini
of citizens], may have been done by right. Silent you were-indignant
gerarlum expilari
the treasury to be plundered [at the plundering of the treasury]
superioribus annis; reges et liberos populos
in former years; [that] kings and free people
pendere vectigal paucis nobilibus; et summam
to pay [pay] tribute to a few nobles ; and the highest
gloriam et maxumas divitias esse penés
glory and the greatest riches to be in-the-power-of
eosdem: tamen habuere parum susce-
the same: yet they have had (accounted it) little to have under-

pisse hee talia facinora impuné:  itaque postremo,
taken these such crimes withimpunity: therefore lastly,

leges, vestra majestas, omnia divina et humana,
the laws, your majesty, all divine and human  (thinga),

tradita-sunt hostibus. Neque pudet aut peoenitet
have been delivered to enemies. Neither dees it shame or grieve

ase 3
eesti gs crisit pc aeaee ae py

tre yrmtinndie a tereetark ih LORE. TRL ag edatede bt

r a tchn tn to pethnbert othe lew etm Pas

te ew ty ees treet, ng = element a ietealbmeg feet oemee Ce ee nn ee ee ete aie Tee nn ee ee a ewe ver eer ytd
na ad + ~ oe -

166 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

eos qui fecere ea: sed incedunt magnifict
those who have done those (things): but they strut pompously

er vestra ora, ostentantes sacerdotia, et
through (before) your faces, displaying priesthoods, and

consulatus, pars suos triumphos: perinde-quasi

consulates, part their-own triumphs : just-as-if
habeant ea honori, non prede. Servi
they may have these for honour, not for plunder. Slaves
parati ere, perferunt non injusta imperia
procured _ by brass (money), bear not the unjust commands
dominorum: Quirites, nati imperio, vos-toleratis
of masters : Romans, born forcommand, do you-endure
servitutem quo animo? At gui sunt hi
slavery with even mind [calmly] ? But who are those

qui occupavere rempublicam? Sceleratissumi homines,

who have seized the republic ? The most-wicked men,
cruentis manibus, immani avaritia, nocentissuml,
with bloody hands, with (of) dreadful avarice, most-injurious,

que iidem superbissumi: quibus fides, decus, pietas,

and the same most-proud : to whom faith, honour, piety,
postremd, omnia honesta atque inhonesta sunt
lastly, all honourable and _ dishonourable (things) are
queestul. Pars eorum, habent pro munimento,
for gain. Part of them, have for a bulwark,
occidisse tribunos plebis, alii injustas
to have killed tribunes of the commonalty, others unjust

queestiones, plerique fecisse cedem in vos: ita
inquisitions, most to have done slaughter against you: thus

quam quisque fecit pessumé, tam est maxumé
as each has done most-badly, so is-he most

tutus ; transtulere
safe; [the worse any one has acted the safer he is]; they have transferred

metum a& suo scelere ad vestram ignaviam:
fear from their-own wickedness _ to your indolence :

omnis (omnes) quos cupere eadem, odisse eadem,
all whom to desire the same, to have hated the same,

metuere eadem coégit in unum. Sed heee est
to fear the same has collected into one (body). But this isSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 167
amicitia inter bonos, factio inter malos. Qudd si
friendship among the good, faction among the bad. But if
vos haberetis curam libertatis tam, quam illi
you might have & care of liberty 80, as they
accensi-sunt ad dominationem; profectd respublica
have been inflamed to tyranny ; indeed the republic
neque vastaretur sicutl nunc, et vestra beneficia
neither would be desolated as now, and = your favours

forent penés optumos, non audacissumos.
[of offices] would be in-the-power-of the best, not the most-daring.

Vestri majores armati, bis occupavere Aventinum
Your ancestors armed, twice occupied the Aventine (mount)

per secessionem gratia juris parandi et
by a secession for-the-sake of justice to be procured and

majestatis constituende; nonne Vvos-nitemini
of dignity to-be-established; whether (or-not) will you endeavour

summa ope pro libertate, quam  accepistis
with the utmost might for the liberty, which you have received

ab illis? atque vehementitis ed quo est
from them? and the more-earnestly therefore by-how-much it is
majus dedecus amittere parata, quam non
a greater disgrace to lose (things) obtained, than not
paravisse omnino! Aliquis dicet, Quid
to have acquired (them) at-all! Some-one _ will say, What
igitur censes ? vindicandum in

therefore thinkest-thou? (itis) to-be-vindicated against [why that

eos, qui  prodidere
punishment should be inflicted on] _ those, who have betrayed

rempublicam hosti, non manu, neque V1;
the republic to the enemy, not by hand (action), neither by force;
quod est magis indignum vos  fecisse, quam
which is more unworthy (for) you to have done, than
accidisse illis: verum quetionibus et indi-
tohave happened tothem: but by examinations and by the informa-
cio Jugurthe  ipsius. Qui, si est dedititius,
tion of Jugurtnoa himself. Who, if heis a surrenderer
erit profect6 obediens vestris jussis: sin

will be indeed obedient to your commands:  but-if

j rolet SS
eer rte Eee 4

Tee eee se eee

ence aie?

~

ee eS ee ee er ey

ERPOr Seen cet) tape ts  vOUne eT iver mee Serhan ieeeet eee Toe eer errant Lo

wh phar whe Bet ate 48d imme mie eres eget lb rahe pepelaye peqmrapeietet as! at ete!

. tl eee se hehe aie

168 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

contemnit ea, scilicet etimabitis quaiis lla
he despises those, forsooth you will estimate what-sort that

pax aut deditio sit, ex qué impunitas
peace or surrender may be, from which impunity

scelerum ad Jugurtham, maxumee divitie
ef (for) crimes (accrues) to Jugurtha, the greatest yiches

pervenerint ad paucos potentis (potentes), damna
may have come to a few powerful (persons), losses

atque dedecora in rempublicam. Nisi etiam forté
and disgraces to the republic. Unless falso|] perhaps

satietas dominationis eorum nondum tenet vos:
a satiety of the tyranny of them not-yet possesses you:

et illa tempora, cim regna, provincie, leges, jura,
and those times, when kingdoms, provinces, laws, rights,

judicia, bella atque paces, postremd omnia divina
judgments, wars and peaces, lastly all divine

et humana erant penés  paucos, placent
and human (things) were in-the-power-of a few, please

magis quam hec: autem vos, hoc est, Romanus
more than these (times): but you, this is, the Roman

populus, invicti ab hostibus, imperatores omnium

people, unconquered by enemies, rulers of all
gentium habebatis satis retinere animam.
nations did have (did account it) sufficient to retain existence.

Nam quidem quis vestrtim audebat recusare servitutem ?

For indeed who ofyou_ diddare_ to refuse slavery ?
Atque tametsi ego existumo flagitiosissumum  viro
And although I think (it) most-disgraceful toaman
accepisse injuriam impuné; tamen  paterer
to have received injury with-impunity ; yet I would suffer
geq uo animo vos ignoscere sceleratissumis
with even (patient) mind you to pardon to the most-wicked

hominibus, quoniam sunt ives ni misericordia

men, since they are citizens unless compassion
esset casura in perniciem. Nam et fecisse
might be about-to-fall into destruction. For and (also) to have done

malé impuné est parim illis, quantum
badly with-impunity is little tothem, how-great (so much)SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

importunitatis habent, nisi deinde
of vexation [of insolence] they have, unless afterwards
licentia faciundi eripitur, et seterna
the privilege of doing (so) is taken-away, and eternal
solicitudo remanebit vobis, cum _intelligetis aut
anxiety will remain to you, when you shall understand either

esse-serviendum, aut libertatem
to be-enslaved, [that you are either to be enslaved] or liberty

retinendam per manus. Nam quidem que spes
to-be-retained by hands (force). For indeed what hope

fidei aut concordix est? Th volunt dominari;
of faith or of concord isthere? They will to tyrannise ;
vos esse liberi: illi facere injurias, vos prohibere:

you [will] tobe free: they todo injuries, you to prohibit
postrem6 utuntur vestris sociis, veluti hostibus,

(them): lastly they use your allies, as enemies,

hostibus pro sociis. Ne potest pax aut
(your) enemies for allies. Whether can peace or
amicitia esse in mentibus tam divorsis? Quare
friendship be in minds so different ? Wherefore
moneo que hortor vos, ne-dimittatis tantum

Iadvise and exhort you, (that) you may not-dismiss so great

scelus impunitum. Peculatus rari factus-est
wickedness unpunished. A robbery of the treasury has been made

non; neque pecunise ereptz sociis per vim: que
not; neither moneys snatched from allies by force: which

quamquam sunt gravia, tamen habentur jam
although they are heavy (crimes), yet are had now

ro nihilo consuetudine:  auctoritas senattis
for nothing by custom: the authority of the senate

rodita (est) acerrumo hosti: vestrum imperium
as been betrayed to your most-fierce enemy: your dominion

proditum: respublica fuit venalis domi que militize.
betrayed : the republic has been venal athome and abroad.

Que nisi queesita-erunt, nisi
Which unless it shall have been inquired-into, unless (it shall be)

vindicatum in noxios, quid erit reliquum,
vindicated against the guilty, what will be remaining,

15

7
ei
EI
=
=:
z

nee pipinbain kahit jeliniajebed dips bitten tbebet niet os-_ . ain EET Pe eee te re
Btw weerer corer Tt art ea a tal Bld ad

Pr ee eee

er ee ee ae

Para a teen ee ewer ae ee ee ee Lar a a

170 SALLUSTIE JUGURTHA.

nisi ut vivamus obedientes illis qui fecere eat

unless that we may live obedient to those who have done those
Nam facere queelibet impuné _id est
(things)? For to do any (things) with-impunity, that is

esse regem. Neque ego-hortor vos, Quirites! uti
to be king. Neither do Texhort you, 0 Romans! that

jam malitis vestros civis(cives) fecisse perperam
how you-may-rather your citizens to have done amiss

quam recté: sed ne eatis perditum bonos,
than rightly: but lest you may go to destroy the good,

ignoscendo malis. Ad-hoc preestat multo in
by pardoning to the bad. To this (besides) it is better by much in

republicé esse immemorem beneficii quam maleficii.

arepublic to be unmindful of a kindness than of injury.
Bonus tantummodo _sfit segnior, ubi
4 good (man) only is made more-careless, when
negligas ; at malus improbior.
fhou mayest neglect (him); but abad (man) more wicked.
Ad-hoc, si injuriz sint non,  haud-egeas auxilii
Besides, if injuries be not, thou mayest not-want of aid
szepe.
often.

Caius Memmius dicundo hec atque alia

Caius Memmius by saying these and other (things)
hujuscemodi persuadet Romano populo, uti Lucius
of this-kind persuades tothe Roman people, that Lucius
Cassius, qui tum erat pretor, mitteretur ad
Cassius, who then was pretor, should be sent to
Jugurtham, que duceret eum Romam, publica
Jugurtha, and shouldlead him (to) Rome, the publia
e SHA xy e «

fide  interposita, quo delicta Scauri

faith having been interposed, in-order-that the transgressions of Scaurus

et reliquorum, quos arcessebant pecunie capte,
and of the rest, whom they did accuse of money being taken,

patefierent indicio regis. Dum
might be-open (be discovered) by the information of the king. Whilst
heec geruntur Rome, Qui. (Peligh an

shese (things) are carried-on at Rome, (they) who haying been left inSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 171

Numidia ab Bestia preerant exercitui,  secuti
Numidia by Bestia did preside tothearmy, having followed

morem sui imperatoris, fecere plurima_ et
the custom of their commander, did very-many and
flagitiosissima facinora. Fuere qui corrupti
most-disgraceful crimes. There were (some) who being corrupted
auro, traderent (imp. sub.) _—_ elephantos
by gold, might (did) deliver the elephaats
Jugurthe; alii venderent perfugas; pars
to Jugurtha; others might (did) sell the deserters ; part
agebant predas ex pacatis. Tanta vis

did drive-away plunder from pacified (provinces). So-great a force

avaritiz invaserat in animos eorum § veluti

of avarice had invaded against the minds of them as
tabes. At Cassius preetor, rogatione
a pestilence. But Cassius the pretor, an inquiry
perlata a Caio Memmio, ac omni
having been carried (passed) by Caius Memmius, and all
nobilitate perculsa, proficiscitur ad Jugurtham :
the nobility being-struck (terrified),  sets-out to Jugurtha;
que persuadet el, timido, et diffidenti suis rebus,
and persuades to him, fearful, and distrusting tohis affairs,
ex conscientia, quoniam dedidisset
from conscience, since he might have surrendered (had sur-

se Romano populo, ne-malit experiri
rendered) himself tothe Roman people, thathe may not-rather to try

vim quam misericordiam jus: preeterea
the force than compassion of it (them): besides

interponit suam fidem privatim, quam ille
he interposes his-own faith privately, which he (Jugurtha)

ducebat non minoris quam publicam
did lead (think) not of less (value) than the public (faith)

Talis erat fama de Cassio eA tempestate. Igitur

Such was thefame of Cassius at that time. Therefore
Jugurtha venit Romam cultu quam maxumé
Jugurtha came (to) Rome in habit as most

miserabili contra regium decus.
miserable contrary-to royal honour. [In mean dress, incon-

eLey Pe oS are a

a

a aeeeales cop chaied a teint ad ee ee ee

win reniabeh wn ne ein iain inblnlal~iadetatdnipntchipitehheatlateietederry
pedots Pe tebetetyte wile tite ete he

Oe ee ee ee aoe rer a

heen jh) 00 LS pmeeperhnetnn bee bel wrth earpiece pw tanh «jpeg psig portman? «fat

172 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

At tametsi magna vis animi
Bistent with royal dignity.] But although — great strength of mind

erat in ipso, confirmatus ab omnibus, potentid
was in himself, being strengthened by all, by the power

aut scelere quorum gesserat cuncta ea
or wickedness of whom he had carried-on ll those (things)

que memoravimus supra, parat Caium
which we have recorded above, he prepares (procares) Caius

Bebium, tribunum plebis, magna mercede,
Besbius, a tribune of the common-people, by a great reward,

impudentia cujus munitus-foret contra jus et
by the impudence of whom he might be secured against Jaw and

omnis (omnes) _injurias. At Caius Memmius,
all injuries. But Caius Memmius,
concione advocaté, quamquam  oplebes erat
an assembly being summoned, although the commonalty was
infesta regi, et pars jubebat dudi'~ in
hostile to the king, and part did order (him) to beled  intc
vincula, pars supplicium sumi_ de hoste
chains, part punishment to be taken of the enemy
more majorum, ni aperiret
in the manner of (our) ancestors, unless he would disclosy
SOCIOS sceleris; consulens magis dignitati
the companions of (his) wickedness; consulting more to dignity
quam ire, sedare motus, et mollire
than to anger, (began) to allay the commotions, and to soften
animos eorum; postremd, confirmare publicam
the minds of them ; lastly, to affirm the public
fidem fore inviolatam per sese.
faith to be about-to-be [should be] inviolate through himself.
Post, ubi silentium ceepit, Jugurth4 producto,

Afterwards, when silence began,

facit verba:

Jugurtha being led-forth,

memorat
he makes words: [he, Memmius, addresses him]: recounts (his)
facinora Rome que Numidize; ostendit scelera
crimes at Rome and at Numidia; shows (his) wickednesses
in patrem que fratres; quamquam Romanus
towards (his) father and brothers; although the RomanSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 173

populus intelligat quibus juvantibus que
people may understand (understands) by whom assisting and

quibus ministris egerit (perf.sub.) ea, tamer
by what servants he may have done (he did) those (things), yet

velle habere magis manifesta ex illo: sl
to will tohave (them) more manifest from. bidis if

aperiat  verum, magnam spem sitam ill
he may disclose the truth, great hope (would be) placed forhim

in fide et  clementid Romani  populi, sin
in the faith and the clemency of the Roman people, _but-if

reticeat, fore non saluti
he be silent, to-be-about-to-be not [it would not be] for safety to (his)

sociis, sed corrupturum se que
companions, but about-to-destroy [but would destroy] himself and

suas spes. Dein, ubi Memmius fecit finem dicendi,
his hopes. Then, when Memmius made an end of speaking,

et Jugurtha jussus-est respondere, Caius Bebius,
and Jugurtha was-ordered to answer, Caius Beebius,

tribunus plebis, quem diximus supra
tribune of the common-people, whom we have said above (to have

corruptum pecunid, jubet regem tacere: ac
been) corrupted by money, orders the king to be-silent: and

tametsi multitudo, que aderat in  concione,
although the multitude, which was-present in the assembly,

vehementer accensa, terrebat cum clamore,  vultu,
exceedingly inflamed, did affright with clamour, countenance

spe impetu, atque omnibus allis quee
(looks), often with violence, and with all other (things) which

iva amat fieri; tamen impudentia vicit. Ita
anger loves to be done; yet impudence conquered. Thug

opulus habitus ludibrio, discedit ex concione:
the people being held in ridicule, departs out-of the assembly :

animi augescunt Jugurthe, que Bestix, et
minds (spirit) increase to Jugurtha, and_ to Bestia, and
ceteris, quos illa queestio exagitabat. Hrat ea
to the rest, whom that inquiry did harass. There was at that

tempestate quidam Numida Rome, Massiva nomine,

time a certain Numidian at-Rome, Massiva by name,

1a?

aati be tea eee ee re

ERRPere pepe ey yLONTe? tht Seow Pa sreres wrayer eo et Sen Sete apmees TSxt — ” r oe fee rd
Pane Oe ere err | Sr Ne ek ao oe oe et a eae ot fol kt oh oh ae eh eel DA ry

Pernt ee ene ee eee

174 SALLUSTIL JUGURTYA.

filius Gulusse, nepos Masinisse, qui quia fuerat
gon of Gulussa, grandson of Masinissa, who because he had been

advorsus Jugurthe in dissensione regum, Cirta
adverse to Jugurtha in the dissension of the kings, Cirta

dedita, et Atherbale interfecto,  profugus
being surrendered, and Adherbal being killed, (as) an exile

abierat ex Africa. Spurius Albinus, qui gerebat
had departed out-of Africa. Spurius Albinus, who didcarry-on

consulatum cum Quinto Minucio Rufo proxumo anno
the consulship with Quintus Minucius Rufus inthe next year

post Bestiam, persuadet huic, quoniam sit ex
after Bestia, persuades’ to him, since he may be (is) of
stirpe Masinisse, urgeat Jugurtham
the stem (family) of Masinissa, (that) he may press Jugurtha
invidig cum metu ob scelera,

by odium with fear on-account-of (his) wickednesses, (and)
petat

may seek [and as odium, with fear on account of his wickedness, pressed

regnum Numidiz
hard on Jugurtha, he, Massiva, should seek] the kingdom of Numidia

ab senatu. Consul, avidus belli gerundi,

from the senate. The consul, desirous of the war to be-carried-on,
malebat omnia moverl qudm_ senescere.
had-rather all (things) to bedisturbed than to grow old,

Provincia Numidia evenerat ipsi, Macedonia Minucio.
The Province Numidia had come to him, Macedonia to Minucius.

Quee postquam Massiva ccepit agitare neque
Which (things) after that Massiva began to deliberate neither

est satis presidi Jugurthe in amicis; quod
isthere sufficient of protection to Jugurtha in friends; because

conscientia impediebat alium eorum, mala fama
conscience did hinder another (one) of them, bad character

et timor animi alium: imperat Bomilcari, proxumo
and fear of mind another: he commands to Bomilcar, the nearest

ac maxumé fido  sibi, paret insidiatores
and most faithful to him, (that) he may procure assassins
Massive pretio, sicuti confecerat multa;

for Massiva by a reward (bribe), as he had accomplished many (things);SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 175
ac maxumé occulte. Sin id parum-procedat,
an? most secretly. But-if that may not-succeed,

interficiat Numidam quovis modo. Bomilcar mature
he may kill the Numidians in any manner. Bomilear speedily

exsequitur mandata regis, et explorat itinera, que

executes the mandates of the king, and explores the journeys, and
ePTESSUS EJUS, postremo,
egresses of him, [his routes, and time of leaving home], lastly,
cuncta loca atque tempora
all [his] places [of resort] and times [of frequenting them]
per homines artifices talis negotii; dein ubi
through men skilful of(in) such business; then when
res postulabat, tendit insidias. Igitur unus ex
the thing did require, he lays snares. Therefore one of
eo numero, qui parati-erant ad ceedem,
that number, who had been procured to (for) the murder

aggreditur Massivam pauld inconsultius, obtruncat

attacks Massiva a little too-rashly, murders
illum; sed ipse deprehensus, profitetur indicium,
him ; but he being apprehended, confesses the information,

multis hortantibus, sed in-primis

[gives full information], many encouraging (him), but particularly

Albino consule. Bomilcar, comes ejus, qui venerat
Albinus the consul. Bomilcar, the companion of him, who had come

Romam public& fide, fit reus magis ex
(to) Rome with the public faith, is made criminal rather according-to

sequo que bono, quam ex jure gentium.
just and = good, than according-to theright of nations.
At Jugurtha manifestus tanti sceleris,
But Jugurtha manifest (convicted) of so-great wickedness,
omisit non niti contra verum  priusquam
omitted not toendeavour against the truth before-that
animadvortit invidiam facti esse super suam
he perceives the envy (odium) of thedeed tobe above his
gratiam atque pecuniam. Igitur quamquam dederat
interest and money. Therefore although he had given
quinquaginta ex amicis vades in pricra
fifty of (his) friends (as) bails in the former

 

pe
aod
a
o
=
=
ee al

:

decal aien pede jacana jaded ap sbabeig dab fei ieinbabeind paren

PELE RERS Se br MEE NR NERE BE AE EERE

   

Poet oaaas Cig bblisdet ph denbetierlouqetd-teti thy ieiy tes

a

ies
he

ees Pe

ra

i)
eePe ee ee etree ee ee a

Le paprerperine bey oh whe etn 5 heathen Bt AO tebe mpage onto genta bytes age pegpenapetaty? «! otete

SE a he ade ae et dl

 

176 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

actione, consulens magis
action, [when Bomilcar was first put on trial], [consulting more

regno, quam vadibus,  dimittit Bomilcarem
for his kingdom, than for the securities,] he sends-away Bomilcar

clam in Numidiam, veritus ne metus parendi
privately into Numidia, havingdreaded lest afear of obeying

sibi invaderet reliquos popularis (populares), si
tohim might attack (his) remaining subjects, if

supplicium sumptum-foret de illo:
punishment might have been taken (had been taken) of him:

et ipse § jussus a senatu decedere Italia,
and he been ordered by the senate to depart from Italy,

profectus-est eddem paucis diebus. Sed postquam
set-out tothe same (place) inafew days. But after that

egressus-est Rom4, tacitus, respiciens ed, fertur,
he departed from Rome, silent, looking-back thither, he is reported,

postremo dixisse, urbem venalem, et maturé
lastly to have said, the city (to be)  venal, and speedily

perituram, si invenerit emptorem. Interim Albinus,
about-to-perish, if itshallhave found apurchaser. Meantime  Albinus,

bello _renovato, maturé portare in Africam
the war being renewed, (began) speedily to convey into Africa

commeatum, stipendium, que alia, que forent
provision, pay, and other (things), which might be

usul militibus: ac ipse statim  profectus,
foruse to soldiers: and himself immediately set-out,

ut conficeret bellum armis, aut deditione, aut
that he might finish the war by arms, or _ by surrender, or

quovis modo. At Jugurtha contra trahere
inany manner. But Jugurtha on-the-other-hand (began) to protract

omnia, et facere alias, deinde alias caussas
all (things), and to make other, then other causes

more: pollicere deditionem, ac deinde simulare
of delay: to promise a surrender, and then to pretend

metum: cedere instanti, et paullo pdst instare,
fear : to yield (to him) urging, and a-little after to urge

ne sui difiderent: ita ludificare
(him) lest his-own (people) might distrust: thus to baffleSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 177

consulem modd mor& belli, modd pacis. Ac fuére,
the consul now by delay of war, now of peace. And there were

qui existumarent (¢mp. sud.) tum Albinum
some), who might (did) think then Albinus

haud ignarum  consilii regis; neque crederent
not ignorant of the design ofthe king; nor would believe

bellum tam facile tractum ex tanta properantia,
the war so easily protracted out-of (after) so-great haste,

magis socordia quam  dolo. Sed postquam,
rather from inactivity than by deceit. But after-that,

tempore dilapso, dies comitiorum
the time having glided-away, the day of the elections

adventabat, Albinus, fratre Aulo _ relicto
did approach, Albinus, (his) brother Aulus being left

pro pretor in castris, decessit Romam.
[pro pretor] in the camps, departed (to) Rome.

Respublica agitabatur atrociter ea@ tempestate
The commonwealth was harassed dreadfully at that time

Rome tribunitiis seditionibus. P.  Lucullus,
at Rome by tribunitial seditions, Publius Lucullus,

et L. Annius, _ tribuni plebis, nitebantur
and Lucius Annius, tribunes of the people, did strive

continuare magistratum, collegis
to continue (their) magistracy, (their) colleagues

resistentibus: quz dissensio impediebat comitia
opposing (it): which dissension did hinder __ the elections

totius anni. Aulus adductus in spem ed morA,
of the whole year. Aulus being led into hope by that delay,

quem diximus supra relictum (esse) propreetore in

whom wehave said above to have been left (as) propretor in
castris, aut belli conficiundi, aut
the camps, either (for the sake) of the war to-be-finished, or
pecuniz capiunde ab rege  terrore exercitiis,
of money to-be-taken from the king by the terror of (his) army,
evocat milites ex hibernis in expeditionem,
calls-out the soldiers out-of winter-quarters into an expedition,

mense Januario: que magnis itineribus asper4
inthe month January: and _ by great marches in @ rough

     
     
       
   
    
      
     
    
        
    
       
    
     
     
    
    
   
  
       

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Spee Srey eee he nee ern ys Se Se Oeee CON oe ot tay rereron er Set ToT Set ye et tisea ot ee oe eo Leaneree

ll al eh el ll Bild

Ce ee ee ee
i rer een ee eed
poe Fane ph psi mye pepeneyetatet «' st

oe tee tet yee!

178 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

hieme, pervenit ad oppidum Suthul, ubi thesauri

winter, arrived at the town  Suthul, where the treasures
regis erant. Quod quanquam poterat neque
of the king were. Which although [he] was-able neither

obsideri, et  seevitia temporis
both by the severity of the time

et  opportunitate loci, (nam  limosa
and by the commodiousness [defences] of the place, (for a marshy

planicies fecerat paludem hiemalibus aquis circum

capi neque
to be taken nor __ to be besieged,

plain had made a lake from the wintry waters about
murum situm in extremo prerupti montis)
the wall situate on the extreme (edge) of a rugged mountain )
tamen, aut gratia simulandi, quo adderet
however, either for the sake of pretending, in-order-that he might add
formidinem regi, aut cacus cupidine
(strike) terror to the king, oF blind with a desire
potiundi oppidi ob thesauros, agere

of possessing the town on-account-of the treasures, (he began) to act

vineas, jacere aggerem, que properare
d

(advance) mantelets, to throw-up a mound, an to hasten
alia, que  forent usul incepto. At
other (things), which might be for use to the undertaking. But
Jugurtha, vanitate atque imperitia legati
Jugurtha, the vanity and ignorance of the lieutenant
cognita, subdolus augere amentiam .
being known, crafty (began) _ to increase (his) insanity :
missitare supplicantis legatos: ipse, quasi
to send-often supplicating ambassadors: himself, as-if
vitabundus ductare exercitum per  saltuosa
avoiding (him) to lead (his) army through woody
loca, et tramites. Denique, pepulit Aulum
places, and __ cross-paths. Finally, he forced Aulus
spe pactionis, uti Suthule  relicto,
by the hope of an agreement, that Suthul being left,
insequeretur sese in abditas regiones, veluti
he might pursue himself into hidden (remote) regions, as-if
cedentem: ita delicta fore occultiora.

yielding: thus (his) transgressions to be about-to-be mere secretSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 179

Interea tentabat exercitum die que noctu,
Meantime hedidtry (tempt) thearmy by day and by night,

per callidos homines: corrumpere centuriones que
by crafty men: to corrupt the centurions and

duces turmarum, uti transfugerent; uti alii, signo
leaders of companies, that they might desert; that others, a sign

dato, desererent locum. Que postquam
being given, might abandon the place. Which (things) after that

instruxit ex sententia ; circumvenit castra
he arranged according-to (his) determination; he surrounded the camps

Auli de-improviso intempesta nocte, multitudine
of Aulus suddenly in unseasonable night, with a multitude

Numidarum. Romani milites, perculsi  insolito
of Numidians, The Roman soldiers, struck with the unusual

tumultu, alii capere arma; alii abdere se;
tumult, (began) others totake arms; others to hide themselves;

pars confirmare  territos; trepidare omnibus
part to encourage the affrighted ; to tremble in all

locis; vis _ hostium magna; ccelum
places; the force of the enemies (was) great; heaven (the sky)

obscuratum nocte atque nubibus, periculum
darkened by the night and by clouds, the danger (was)

anceps : postremo, erat in-incerto
double [on both sides]: lastly, it was doubtful (whether)

foret tutius fugere an manere. Sed ex eo
it might be safer to flee or toremain. But out-of that

numero, quos diximus paullo anté corruptos-(esse),
number, whom we have said a little before to have been corrupted,

una cohors lLigurum, cum  duabus _ turmis
one cohort of Ligurians, with two companies
Thracum, et paucis gregariis-militibus, transiére
of Thracians, and afew common-soldiers, went-over
ad yregem, et  centurio primi-pili tertise
to the king, and a centurion of the first-order of the third

legionis dedit locum introeundi _ hostibus per
legion gave aplace oof entering to the enemies through

munitionem, quam acceperat uti defenderet;
a. tortification, which he had rece’ved that he might defend (it);

ois 1 he
Pyrver ters Sip ia
Seen Seis irhvede 11 ff

cn eer abet RN hg ted alee aden abil min dats bec bedi nlinlinsbetnginestrthelsPRT Tye ee Ter eee NT TS se ere ee

mpagtbondhhebahhyngrintadsnadut tie

180 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA

que ed cuncti Numidee irrupére. Nostri _
and by that all the Numidians __ burst-in. Our (men;

plerique armis abjectis, occupavere proxumum
most (their) arms being thrown-away, seized the nearest

collem fodd fuga. Nox atque prada castrorum
hill in shameful flight. Night and thespoil of the camps

remorata-sunt hostes, quo minus-uterentur
delayed the enemies, that they might not use (improve)

victori& (abl.) Dein Jugurtha postero die facit
the victory. Afterwards Jugurtha in the following day makes

verba cum Aulo in colloquio: ‘“‘Tametsi tenet
words with Aulus in a conference: “ Although he holds

ipsum cum exercitu clausum fame que ferro,
him with (his) army shut-up by famine and iron

tamen se memorem humanarum rerum;
(sword), however himself (to be) mindful of human things

si faceret foedus secum,
if he would make a treaty with-himself, (that he would be)

missurum omnis (omnes) incolumes sub jugum;
about-to-send all safe under the yoke;

preterea, uti decederet Numidia decem
besides, that he should depart from Numidia in ten

diebus.”’ Que quanquam erant gravia_ et
days.” Which (things) although they were heavy and

plena flagitii, tamen, quia mutabantur metu
full of infamy, however, because they were exchanged with the fear

mortis, pax convenit, sicuti libuerat regi.
of death, peace was agreed-on, so-as it had pleased to the king.

Sed ubi_ ea comperta-sunt Rome, metus
But when those (things) were discovered at Rome, fear

atque moeror invasere civitatem: pars dolere
and Sorrow attacked the state: part (began) to grieve

pro gloridé imperil; pars, insolita  bellicarum
for the glory of the empire; part, unused of warlike

rerum, timere libertati. Omnes infesti
affairs, to fear for (their) liberty. All (were) hostile

Aulo, ac maxume qui fuerant seepé preclari
to Aulus, and chiefly (those) who hadbeen often illustriousSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 131

bello; quod armatus queesiverit salutem
In war; because being armed _he may have sought safety
dedecore otitis quam manu. Consul
by disgrace rather than by hand (by valour). The consul
Albinus, timens invidiam ex delicto

Albinus, fearing odium from the transgression of (his)
fratris ob ea, ac deinde periculum,

brother on-account-of these (things), and then danger [to him-

consulebat senatum de foedere: et tamen
self], did consult the senate concerning the treaty: and however

interim scribere supplementum exercitui;
mean-time (began) to write (levy) an addition to the army ;

arcessere auxilia ab  sociis et Latino nomine;
to send-for auxiliaries from the allies and the Latin name ;

denique, festinare omnibus modis. Senatus decernit
finally, to hasten in all manners. The senate decrees

ita uti fuerat par: ‘““Nullum — foedus
80 as had been equal (proper): “No treaty

potuisse fieri suo-injussu
to have been-able to be made [could be made] without their-order

atque populi.”’ Consul impeditus 4
and (that) of the people.” The consul being hindered by

tribunis plebis, ne-portaret | secum
the tribunes of the people, (that) he might not carry with him

copias quas paraverat, proficiscitur in Africam
the forces which he had prepared, sets-out into Africa

paucis diebus. Nam omnis exercitus deductus

in a few days. For all the army being led-away
Numidia, hiemabat in provincia, uti
from Numidia, did winter in the province, as
convenerat. Postquam venit ed, quamquam

it had been agreed-on. After that hecame thither, although

ardebat animo persequi Jugurtham, et wmederi
be did burn in mind to pursue Jugurtha, and to remedy

fraterne invidie, militibus cognitis, quos preeter
to brotherly odium, the soldiers being known, whom besides

fugam, imperio  soluto, licentia atque
(their) flight, authority being dissolved, licentiousness and

16

    
    
     
   
       
     
   
     
  
       
    
  
    
     
      
    
   
    
   
    
  
 
   

=a

nlpwse tenella ste ime tren tne bachetemtmniis baitedney eh SiR (ht Tt ee

ee ee oe

ee Se See we eee We

we erpeetcient inakanas abthonniee EE Te ee

~. es oa "
a le ate ae er et bee Rh oe eee eee Soe toes peyeee Peete

{82 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

lascivia | corruperant, statuit ex copia
wantonness had corrupted, he determined from __ the plenty
rerum nihil agitandum sibi.
of things nothing to be agitated to (by) himself. [From the nature of
Interea, C.
the case, that nothing could be done by him.] Meantime, Caius
Mamilius Limetanus, tribunus plebis, promulgat
Mamilius Limetanus, tribune _ of the people, publishes

rogationem ad populum Rome, “Uti —_ queereretur
an inquiry (bill) to the people at Rome, “That it should be inquired

in eos, consilio quorum Jugurtha neg-
against those, by advice of whom Jugurtha might have (had) con-
lexisset decreta senati; que qui acce-

temned the decrees of the senate; and who might have (had) re-

pissent pecunias ab eo in legationibus aut imperiis ;

ecived moneys from him in embassies or commands;

ul tradidissent elephantos, que qui
who might have (had) delivered elephants, and who
perfugas; item qui fecissent pactiones
deserters ; likewise who might have (had) made conventions
de pace aut bello cum hostibus.”’ Partim
about peace or war with theenemies.” (Persons) partly
conscil sibi, alii metuentes pericula ex invidia
conscious to themselves, others fearing dangers from the odium

artium, parabant impedimenta huic _—rogationi,
of parties, did prepare impediments [to this demanded-investigation ],

(quoniam poterant non resistere aperté, quin
(sinee they were-able not to resist openly, but-that

faterentur _illa et tala alia placere

they might confess those(things) and such other (things) to please
sibi)

to themselves) [unless they should be content to confess those, and such

occulté per amicos ac maxumé per
other things] secretly by (their) friends and chiefly by

homines Latini nominis et Italicos  socios.
men of the Latix nane (nation) and the Italian allies.

Sed est incredibile memoratu, quam  intenta
But it is ineredible to be related, how intentSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 183

plebes fuerit, que quanta vi,
tLe common-people may have been (was), and with how-great force,

jusserit (perf. sub.), decreverit, voluerit
(they) may have ordered, may have decreed, may have willed
rogationem, magis odio  nobilitatis, cui lla
the inquiry (bill), more from hatred of the nobility, forwhom those

mala parabantur, quam cara  reipublice; tanta
evils were prepared, than from regard of the state;  so-great

lubido erat in partibus. I=gitur ceteris perculsis
passion was in the factions. Therefore therest being struck

metu, M. Scaurus, quem memoravimus supra
with fear, Marcus Scaurus, whom we have recorded above

fuisse legatum Bestiz, inter letitiam __plebis
to have been alieutenant of Bestia, between the gladness of the people

et fugam suorum, civitate etiam tum
and the flight of his-own(friends), the state even then (being)

trepida, cim tres quesitoris rogarentur
fearful, when (as) three inquisitors might be (were) demanded
ex Mamiliana rogatione, effecerat ut
from [by] the Mamilian bill, fhe] had accomplished that
ipse crearetur in eo numero. Sed questione
he might be created [selected] in that number. But _ the inquiry

exercita asperé, que violenter ex rumore, et
being carried-on roughly, and violently from report, and
lubidine plebis, ut imsolentia sepé ceperat
the passion ofthe people, as intemperance often had taken
nobilitatem ex secundis rebus, sic plebem
the nobility from favourable things, so (it seized) the people

ef tempestate. Ceterum mos popularium
in that time. But the custom of popular

partium, et factionum senati, ac deinde omnium

parties, and. of factions of the senate, and afterwards of all

malarum artium, ortus-est paucis annis anté
bad qualities [practices], arose inafew years before

Rome, otio atque abundantia earum rerum que
at Rome, from leisure and theabundance of those [things] which

mortales ducunt prima. Nam anté Carthaginem
mortals deem first. For _ before Carthage

 

    
  
  
     
   
    
     
  
   
 
   
  
    
   
 
   
  
 
   
   
   
   
     

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184 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

deletam, Romanus populus et senatus ‘ractabant
being destroyed, the Roman people and thesenate did manage

rempublicam placidé que modesté intei Se ;
the commonwealth quietly and moderately among themselves;

neque erat certamen gloriz neque d.minationis
neither was (there) acontest ofglory nor of supremacy

inter cives: hostilis metus retinebat civitatem bonis

among citizens: the hostile fear did keep the state in good
artibus. Sed ubi illa formido discessit
qualities [practices]. But when that terror departed

mentibus, scilicet ea lascivia atque superbia
from (their) minds, forsooth that wantonness and pride

que secunde res amant, incessere. Ita postquam
which prosperous things loves, came-on. Thus after-that

adepti-sunt otium, quod optaverunt in advorsis rebus,
they obtained the leisure, which they wished in adverse things,

fuit  asperius que acerbius. Namque
it was more-rough (injurious) and more-bitter. For
nobilitas coepere vertere dignitatem, populus

the nobility began to turn (their) dignity, the people (their)
hibertatem, in lubidinem: quisque ducere,
liberty, into _— passion: every one (began) to draw-away,
trahere, rapere sibi. Ita omnia abstracta-sunt
to drag, to seize for himself. Thus all (things) were drawn-away
in duas partis (partes). Respublica, que fuerat
into two parties. The commonwealth, which had been
media, dilacerata-(est). Czeterum nobilitas pollebat
middle, was torn-asunder. But the nobility did prevail
magis factione: vis plebis, soluta
more in party: the force of the common-people being dissolved
atque dispersa in multitudinem, minus-poterat:
and scattered among the multitude, was less-powerful :
agitabatur belli que domi arbitrio paucorum.
t was transacted of war (abroad) and at-home by the will of a few.

Airarium, provincie, magistratus, glorize, que triumphi
The treasuries, the provinces, magistracies, glories, and triumphs

erant penes eosdem; populus urgebatur militi4
were in-the-power-of the same; [the people were harassed by warSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 185

atque inopid; imperatores cum paucis diripiebant
and want 5] the commanders’ with a few did plunder

bellicas przedas.

Interea parentes aut parvi liber:
the warlike spoils.

Mean-while the parents or little children

militum _ pellebantur sedibus, uti quisque
of tha soldiers were expelled from (their) settlements, as every-one

erat confinis potentiori. Ita avaritia
was neighbouring to a more-powerful (person). Thus avarice
sine modo que modestia, cum  potentid
without measure and moderation, with power (began)
invadere, polluere, et vastare omnia; habere
to attack, to defile, and _ to waste all (things); to have
nihil pensi, neque sancti,
nothing of consideration, [to regard nothing], nor of sacred, [nor
quoad ipsa preecipitavit semet. Nam
as sacred], until it threw-headlong itself, For

ubi-primum
when-first

reperti-sunt ex nobilitate, qui

(persons) were found out-of thenobility, who

anteponerent veram gloriam injuste potenti, civitas
would prefer true glory to unjust power, the state

cepit moveri, et civilis dissensio, quasi permixtio
began tobe disturbed, and civil discord, as-if a confusion

Nam postquam Tiberius, et
after-that Tiberius, and

terre, oriri.
of the earth, (began) to arise. For

C. Gracchus, quorum majores addiderant multum
Caius Gracchus, whose ancestors had added much

reipublicze Punico atque aliis bellis, coepere vindicare
to the state in the Punic and in other wars, began to assert

in libertatem, et patefacere scelera
liberty, and to expose __ the crimes

plebem

the common-people into

perculsa,

paucorum; nobilitas noxia atque 0
struck (terrified),

of a few; the nobility guilty and _ therefore

ierat-obviam actionibus Gracchorum, modo per socios
had opposed _ to the processes of the Gracchi, one-time by the allies

ac Latinum nomen,
and the: Latin name (nation),

interdum per Romanos
sometimes by the Roman

equites, quos spes  societatis dimoverat 4a
knights, whom the hope of a union had separated from
16 *

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ee. ne eee ee ee ae aah enmeanh mind

186 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

plebe: et primd necaverat ferro
the common-people: and first had killed with the iron (sword)

Tiberium, dein Caium post paucos annos ingredientem

Tiberius, then Caius after afew years entering-on
eadem, alterum tribunum, alterum triumvirum
the same (things), the other (one) atribune, the other a triumvir

coloniis deducendis, cum M. Fulvio Flacco. Ht
for colonies to-be-led-on, with Marcus Fulvius  Flaccus. And

sané animus satis moderatus fuit haud Gracchis
truly a mind sufficiently moderate was not tothe Gracchi

cupidine victoria. Sed est satiis — vinel bono
from eagerness of victory. But it is preferable to be conquered ina good

more, quam vincere injuriam malo. Igitur
manner (cause), than to conquer injury ina bad (one). Therefore

hobilitas, us& 4 victorid ex sua lubidine,
fhe nobility, having used that victory according-to their passion,

extinxit multos mortales ferro aut fuga’
destroyed many mortals with the iron (sword) or by banishment

que addidit plus timoris quam potentiz sibi in
and added more of fear than of power to themselves unto

reliquum. Que res plerumque pessum-
the rest (remaining time). Which thing generally has preci-

dedit magnas civitates: dum alteri volunt
pitated [destroyed] — great states : whilst the others will

vincere alteros quovis modo, et ulciscl victos
to conquer the others inany manner, and to avenge the conquered

acerbits. Sed si parem_ disserere singillatim aut

more-bitterly. But if I may prepare to discuss individually or

pro magnitudine de studiis
in proportion-to the greatness (of the affair) about the zeals
partium et omnibus moribus civitatis, tempus deseret
of parties and all the morals of the state, time will fail
maturiis quam res. Quamobrem redeo
sooner than the thing (subject). Wherefore I return

ad inceptum.
to the undertaking.

Post fodus Auli que fedam fugam nostri
After tbe treaty of Aulus and the disgraceful flight of ourSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 187

exercitis, Metellus et Silanus, consules designati,
army, Metellus and _ Silanus, the consuls elect,

partiverant provincias inter se: que Numidia
had shared the provinces between themselves: and Numidia

evenerat Metello, acri  viro, et quanquam
had come (by lot) to Metellus, a vigorous man, and although

adverso partibus populi, tamen eequabili
adverse to the factions of the people, however with (of) steady
et inviolata fama. Ubi is primum ingressus-est
and inviolate report. When he first entered-on

magistratum, ratus omnia alia sibi cum
the magistracy, having thought all other (things) for himself with

collega, intendit animum ad bellum quod
{his) colleague, he applies (his) mind to the war which

erat gesturus. Igitur diffidens veteri exercitui,
he was about tocarry-on. Therefore distrusting to the old army,
scribere milites, arcessere preesidia

(he began) to write (levy) soldiers, tosend-for protections [aid]

undique: parare arma, tela, equos, et cetera
from-every-side: to prepare arms, weapons, horses, and the other

instrumenta militix, ad hoc commeatum
instruments of warfare, to this (besides) provision
affatim; denique, omnia que solent esse
abundantly ; finally, all (things) which are accustomed to be

usui in vario bello, et egenti multarum rerum.
for use in achangeable war, and needing of many things.

Ceterum senatus adnitebatur a. 68

But the senate did strive to those (things)

patranda auctoritate, socii que Latinum
to-be-accomplished by (its) authority, theallies and the Latin
nomen et reges mittendo auxilia ultro,
name (nation) and kings by sending auxiliaries voluntarily,
postremo omnis civitas summo studio.
lastly all the state (did strive) with the highest zeal,
Itaque omnibus rebus  paratis que compositis
Therefore all things being prepared and arranged

ex sententia, proficiscitur in Numidiam,

according-to determination, he sets-out into Numidia,

oo

ee eee Be tt Tole Peart a base r fee een eh hie)

pet mi all

hehe ee aaa suse" nn oe yee to
et ye ree a

PP ee ea eer ere Los

r purer erererey ye
OO eee ee ere ee ee a sgh a ois i

188 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

magna spe civium, cim _ propter bonas

with great hope of the citizens, as-well on-account-of (his) good

artis (artes), ttm maxumé qiiod gerebat invictum
qualities, as chiefly because he did bear an unconquered

animum advorsum divitias: ante id tempus nostre

mind against riches: before that time our

opes contuse-erant que hostium _auctee

resources had been bruised and (those) of the enemies increased

avaritia magistratuum. Sed ubi  venit in
by the avarice of the magistrates. But when

Africam, exercitus Spurii Albini,
Africa, the army

he came  intc

pro consule,
of Spurius Albinus, [acting] for the consul,

traditur el, iners, imbellis,  patiens neque
is delivered _to him, inactive, unwarlike,

enduring neither
periculi neque _ laboris, promptior lingua quam
of danger nor of labour, more-ready in tongue than
manu, predator ex sociis, et ipse preeda

in hand (action), aplunderer from allies, and itself the prey

hostium, habitus sine imperio et modestid. Ita
of the enemies, held without authority and moderation. Thus

plus solicitudinis accedebat novo imperatori

ex
more of anxiety did accrue _ to the new

commander from
malis moribus, quam auxilii aut bone spel
(their) bad habits, than of aid or of good hope

ex copia militum. Tamen Metellus statuit
from the abundance of the soldiers. However Metellus resolved

non attingere bellum pritis quam
not to touch the war _ before than he might have (had)
coégisset milites laborare disciplina

compelled the soldiers to labour (under) the discipline of (our)

majorum, quamquam mora imminuerat et tempus
ancestors, although the delay had diminished both

eestivorum  comitiorum, et putabat
f the summer elections,

the time

animos
and he did think the minds

civium intentos, expectatione eventi. Nam
of the citizens intent-on (him), by expectation of the issue. For

Albinus, perculgsus clade fratris Auli

que
Albinus, struck with the defeat of (his) brother Aulus

andSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 189

exercitis, habebat milites plerumque _ stativis
of the army, did hold the soldiers generally in stationary
castris, quantum temporis § estivorum fuit
camps, as-much of the time of the summer-quarters [as] he was

in imperio, postquam decreverat non  egredi
in authority, after-that he had resolved not to go-out

provincia, nisi cm odos aut egestas pabuli
from the province, unless when the stench or want of forage

subegerat mutare locum. Sed neque
had compelled (him) tochange (his) place. But neither

vigilize deducebantur militari more; ut
the watches were conducted in a military manner ; as

lubebat cuique, aberat ab signis.
it did please to every-one, he was-absent from (his) standards.

Lixe, permisti cum militibus, vagabantur
The victuallers, intermixed with the soldiers, did stray-about

diu que noctu: et palantes vastare
by-day and bynight: and roving (were accustomed) to ravage

agros, expugnare villas, certantes agere predas
the lands, to assault the country-seats, vying to drive booties

ecoris et mancipiorum; que mutare ea
of cattle and of slaves; and to exchange those

advectitio vino et talibus alus cum mercatoribus :
for imported wine and such other (things) with the merchants:

preeterea vendere frumentum datum publicé,

besides to sell the corn given publicly (at public
mercari panem indies: postremo, queecunque
expense), to traffic-in bread = daily: lastly, whatever
proba ignavie que luxuriz queunt dici aut
disgraces of laziness and of luxury can be said or
fingi, cuncta fuére in illo exercitu, et alia
be imagined, all (those) were in that army, and others
amplits. Sed comperior Metellum  fuisse
more (besides). But IT find Metellus to have been

non minis magnum et sapientem virum in e@
not less a great and wise man in that

difficultate, quam in hostilibus rebus: moderatum (esse)
difficulty, than in hostile affairs : to have governed

<4

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190 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

tanta temperantif inter ambitionem que
with so-great moderation between ambition and
sevitiam. Namque primtim sustulisse
severity. For (I find him) first to have withdrawn
adjumenta ignavie — edicto, “¢ quisquam

the aids of laziness by an edict, “ (that) any-one

ne-venderet panem in castris, aut quem alium

should-not-sell bread in the camps, or any other
coctum cibum ; lixze mne-sequerentur exercitum ;
cooked food; (that) scullions should not-follow the army ;

gregarius miles ne-haberet servum aut

(that) a common soldier | should-not-have a slave or
jumentum in castris, neve in agmine:”
a beast-of-burthen in the camps, nor in the army

statuisse modum_ arté ceteris;
(on the march):” to have appointed a limit closely to the rest;

preterea movere castra quotidié  transvorsis

moreover to move the camps daily by cross
itineribus; munire vallo atque fossa
journeys ; to fortify (them) with arampart and with a ditch
juxté ac-si hostes adessent; ponere
equally as-if the enemies might be (were) at-hand; to place
crebras vigilias, et ipse cum legatis
frequent watches, and himself with the lieutenants

circuire eas; item adesse modo in agmine
to go-round them; likewise to be-present one-time in the troop (march)

in primis, modd in postremis, sepé in medio,

among the first, one-time among _ the last, often in the middle,
ne quisquam egrederetur ordine ; uti miles
lest any-one might go-out fromthe rank; that the soldier
portaret cibum et arma, cum incederent
should carry food and arms, when they might (did) proceed
frequentes signis. Ita
numerous {when they marched in a body] with the standards. Thus

confirmavit exercitum brevi, magis prohibendo 4

he strengthened the army shortly, more by preventing from
delictis quam vindicando. Interea ubi Jugurtha

transgressions than by punishing. Mean-time when JugurthaSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 191
accepit ex nunciis, que Metellus
received (heard) from messengers, what (things) Metellus
agebat ; simul factus certior Rome de
did act ; at-the-same-time being made more-sure at Rome of
innocentia ejus, difidere suis rebus, ac
the integrity of him, (he began) to distrust in his-own affairs, and
tum demum conatus-est facere veram deditionem.
then at-last endeavoured to make a true (real) surrender,

Tgitur mittit legatos ad consulem cum suppliciis,
Therefore hesends ambassadors to theconsul with entreaties,

qui peterent tantummodd vitam ipsi que liberis,

who might ask only life for himself and children,
dederent omnia alia
might surrender [that he would surrender] all other (things)

Romano populo. Sed cognitum-erat jam antea
to the Roman people. But it had been known already before

experimentis Metello, genus Numidarum esse infidum,
by trials to Metellus, the race of the Numidians to be _ faithless,

mobili ingenio, avidum novarum rerum.
with changeable disposition, eager of new things (revolution).

Itaque aggreditur legatos diversos alium ab  alio;
Therefore he accosts the ambassadors apart one from the other;

ac tentando paullatim, postquam cognovit
and by trying (them) by degrees, after-that he knew (them)

opportunos sibi, persuadet pollicendo multa,
convenient for himself, he persuades (them) by promising many

uti traderent Jugurtham sibi $maxumé
things), that they shoulddeliver Jugurtha to himself particularly

vivum, sin id procedat parum, necatum: ceterum

alive, but-if that may succeed little (not), killed: but
jubet nunciari palam regi, que forent
he orders to be announced openly to the king, what (things) might be

ex voluntate. Deinde_ ipse_procedit
according-to (his) will. Afterwards himself proceeds

in Numidiam paucis diebus, intento atque infesto
into Numidia inafew days, with aprepared and hostile

exercitu: ubi tuguria erant plena hominum,
army : where _ the cots were full of men.

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192 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

pecora (pl.) que cultores in agris, contra
the cattle and the cultivators (were)in the fields, contrary-ta
faciem belli: prafecti regis procedebant obvi

the appearance ofwar: the prefects of the king did proceed opposite

ex oppidis et mapalibus, parati dare
(towards him) out-of the towns and cottages, prepared to give

frumentum, portare commeatum, postremd facere

corn, to carry provision, finally to do
omnia que imperarentur. Neque Metellus
all (things) which might be ordered. Neither Metellus
idcirco minis incedere munito agmine,

therefore (began) the less to proceed with a guarded troop [Metellus

sed pariter
did not on that account march with less precaution], but equally

ac-s1 hostes adessent, explorare laté
as-if the enemies might be (were) at-hand, to search widely

omnia, credere illa signa deditionis ostentui,
all (things), to believe those signs ofasurrender for a show,

et tentare locum _insidiis.
and totry (sound) the place for ambuscades. [And that the enemy

Itaque ipse erat
only sought a proper place for an ambuscade.] Therefore himself was

cum expeditis cohortibus, item delecta manu

with the light-armed cohorts, also withachosen band
funditorum et saggitariorum, apud primos ;

of slingers and archers, at (among) the first [infront] ;
C. Marius legatus _ curabat cum
Caius Marius (his) lieutenant did take care (was on duty) with
equitihbus in postremo: dispertiverat

the cavalry in the last (the rear): he had shared (divided)

auxiliaros equites tribunis legionum, et prefectis
the auxiliary cavalry to the tribunes of the legions, and to the prefects

cohortium, in utrumque latus; uti velites
of cohorts, unto each side (wing); that the skirmisherw
permixti cum his, propulsarent equitatus (pl.\
being mingled with these, might repulse the cavalry :
hostium, qudcungue accederent. Nam erat

of the enemies, wheresoever they might approach. For (there) wasSALLUSTIT JUGURTHA. 198

tantus dolus in Jugurtha, que tanta peritia locorum
so-great deceit in Jugurtha, and so-great knowledge of the places

et militiz, ut haberetur in-incerto absens
and of warfare, that it might be held doubtful (whether) absent

an presens, gerens pacem an bellum, _ esset

or present, carrying-on peace or war, he might be
perniciosior. Krat haud longé ab eo intinere,
more-destructive. There was not far from that route,

quo Metellus pergebat, oppidum Numidarum,
by which Metellus did proceed, a town of the Numidians,

nomine Vacca, forum venalium rerum, maxumé
by name Vacca, a mart of saleable things, most

celebratum totius regni; ubi multi mortales Italici
frequented ofthe whole kingdom; where many mortals of the Italian

yeneris consueverant et incolere et mercari.
race had been accustomed both to dwell and _ to purchase.

Huc consul, gratia simul _ tentandi,
Hither the consul (went), for the sake at-the-same-time of trying (it),

et si opportunitates loci paterentur, imposuit

and if opportunities ofthe place might suffer (it),~ he placed
presidium: preterea imperavit comportare
@ garrison ; moreover he ordered (them) to bring

frumentum, et alia, que forent usui bello:

corn, and other (things), which might be for use in war:
ratus id, quod res monebat, frequentiam
having thought that, which the affair did advise, the assemblage
negotiatorum et commeatuum juvaturum
of merchants and of provisions [there] about-to-assist
exercitum, et jam fore
the army, [would aid his army], and now _ to be about-to-be
munimento rebus paratis.
fora defence [and would now be a defence] for the things prepared.
Inter hee negotia, Jugurtha modo mittere
Among these affairs, Jugurtha now (begar) to send
impensils  supplices legatos, orare pacem:
more-earnestly suppliant ambassadors, to entreat peace:
dedere omnia Metelio preter suam vitam
to surrender all (things) to Metellus except his life

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194 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

que liberorum. Quos consul dimittebat
and (that) of (his) children. Whom the consul did dismiss

item domum, uti priores,  illectog ad
also home, [and] as the former, being allured [by him] to

proditionem: neque abnuere neque polliceri

treachery: (he appeared) neither to refuse nor to premise

regi pacem quam _ postulabat, et, inter

eas
to the king the peace which he did require,

and, among those

moras, exspectare promissa _legatorum.
delays, to await the promises of the ambassadors.

Ubi Jugurtha composuit dicta Metelli cum
When Jugurtha compared the words of Metellus with (his)

factis, ac animadvertit se tentari suis artibus ;

deeds, and perceived himself to be tried by his-own arts ;
quippe cui pax nunciabatur verbis, caetertiim
forsooth to whom peace was announced in words, but

re asperrimum bellum erat, maxuma
in the thing (in reality) the roughest war was, [for] a very-great
urbs alienata, ager cognitus hostibus, animi
city [was] alienated, the land known

to the enemies, the minds

popularium tentati ;

coactus
(affections) of (his) country-men

tried [tampered with]; compelled
necessitudine rerum,  statuit

certare armis. Ivgitur,
by the necessity of thin

gs, he determined to contend by arms. Therefore,

itinere hostium explorato, adductus in spem
the route of the enemies being reconnoitred, being led into the hope
victoris ex opportunitate loci,

parat copias
of victory from the convenience of the place,

he prepares forces

omnium generum quim-maxumas potest, ac antevenit

of all kinds as-great-as he is-able, and outstrips
exercitum Metelli per occultos tramites. Flumen,
the army of Metellus by concealed by-paths. A river,
nomine Muthul, oriens 4 meridie, erat in ef
by name Muthul, rising from the south, was in that

parte Numidie, quam Atherbal
part of Numidia, which Adherbal
divisione; & quo mons
the division; from which a mountain

possederat in
had possessed in

aberat ferma viginti

was-distant nearly twentySALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 195

millia passuum, pari tractu,
thousands of paces, in an equal [parallel] direction [with the river],

vastus ab natura et humano  cultu;
desert from nature and human _ cultivation; [and uncultivated

sed collis oriebatur quasi ex medio eo,

by man}; but a hill did arise as-if from the middle-of it,
pertinens in immensum, vestitus oleastro ac
reaching unto animmense (extent), clothed with wild-olive and

myrtetis, que aliis generibus arborum, que

with myrtle-groves, and with other kinds of trees, which
gignuntur arido atque arenoso humi. Autem
are produced inadry and sandy (soil) on-the-ground. But
media planities deserta, panuria aque,
the middle plain (was) desert, [as there was] a scarcity of water,
preter loca propinqua flumini: ea  consita
except the places near to the river: those planted

arbustis frequentabantur pecore atque cultoribus.

with shrubs were frequented by cattle and by husbandmen.
Ivitur Jugurtha, acie suorum extenuata,
Therefore Jugurtha, the line of his (men) being lengthened,

consedit in eo colle, quem docuimus
encamped in that hill, which we have taught (shown) (to be)

porrectam transvorso  itinere: preefecit
extended in a transverse way (direction): he appointed

Bomilcarem elephantis et parti pedestrium copiarum ;
Bomilear to the elephants and topart of the foot forces ;

que edocet eum que ageret: ipse propior
and instructs him what (things) he should do: himself nearer

montem collocat suos cum omni equitatu et
the mountain places his (men) with all the cavalry and

delectis peditibus: dein circumiens singulas turmas
[chosen] foot: then going-round each-of the companies

et manipulos, monet atque obtestatur, uti, memores
and divisions, hereminds and beseeches, that, mindful

pristine virtutis et victoria, defendant
of (their) ancient valour and victory, they may defend

gese que suum regnum ab avaritid Romanorum :
themselves and _sihis kingdom from the avarice of the Romans:

be rer ne as

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196 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

certamen fore cum his quos miserint (perf.sud.
the contest to be about-to-be with those whom they may have sent (they

victos antea sub jugum: ducem, non animum,

sent) conquered before under the yoke: the general, not the mind,
mutatum-(esse) illis: omnia que decuerint
to have been changed for them: all (things) which may have been-fit

(perf. sub.) ab imperatore, provisa-(esse) suis ;
[to provide] from a commander, to have been provided for his (men);

locum (esse) superiorem, consererent manum,
the place (ground) to be superior, they should join hand (battle),

uti prudentes cum imperitis, ne
as skilful (persons) with unskilful, [in the localities], not (as)

pauciores cum pluribus, aut rudes cum
the fewer with the more-(numerous), or the ignorant with

melioribus bello: proinde  essent parati
the better [skilled] in war: wherefore they should be prepared

que intenti, signo dato, invadere Romanos: illum
and ready, a signal being given, to attack the Romans: that

diem aut confirmaturum omnes labores et
day either (to be) about-to-establish all (their) labours and

victorias, aut fore initlum maxumarum
victories, or to be about-to-be the beginning of the greatest

erumnarum. Ad hoc commonefacere
miseries. To this (besides) (he began) to remind

sui beneficii, et ostentare eum ipsum
(each) of his kindness, and to point-out that (person) himself

aliis, viritim, uti extulerat quemque pecunia
[to others,] individually, as he had exalted each by money

aut honore ob militare facinus: postremd,
or by honour on-account-of a military exploit: finally,

excitare alium alio modo, pollicendo pro
to rouse another in another manner, by promising according-te

ingenio cujusque, minitando, obtestando: cum
the disposition of every-one, by often-threatening, by beseeching: when

interim Metellus, ignarus hostium, degrediens
{in the mean-time] Metellus, ignorant of the enemies, coming-down

monte, conspicatur cum exercitu. Primd,
from the mountain, —espies (him) with (his) army. First,SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 197

dubius quidnam insolita facies ostenderet, (nam
doubtful what the unusual appearance might display, (fot

equi que Numidz consederant inter virgulta,
the horses and the Numidians had encamped among __ the shrubs,

neque plané occultati humilitate arborum, et
neither quite concealed by the lowness of the trees, and

tamen incerti quidnam _ esset, ipsi atque
however uncertain what it might be, themselves and

militaria signa obscurati cum natura loci,
the military standards being concealed as-well by the nature of the place,

tum dolo), dein insidiis cognitis _ brevl,
as by stratagem), then the ambuscades being known = shortly,

constituit agmen paulisper. Ibi ordinibus
he halted the troop (army)  a-little. There the ranks

commutatis, instruxit aciem triplicibus
being changed, he arrayed (his) line with triple

subsidiis, in dextro latere, quod erat proximum
reserves, on theright side (flank), which was nearest

hostes : dispertit funditores et  sagittarios
the enemies: he divides the slingers and archers

inter manipulos; locat omnem equitatum in

among the companies ; places all the cavalry in
cornibus; ac  cohortatus milites pauca
the wings; and having exhorted the soldiers afew (words)

pro tempore, deducit aciem in planum,
according-to the time, he leads-down theline into the level (ground)

principiis transvorsis sicutl
the van-guards (being led) across [the front being changed]  so-as
instruxerat. Sed ubi animadvertit Numidas
he had arrayed (them). But when he perceived the Numidians
quietos, neque degredi colle, veritus ex
quiet, nor tocome-down from the hill, having feared from
tempore anni et inopid aque, ne exercitus
the time of the year and the want of water, lest the army
conficeretur siti, premisit legatum Rutilium
might be spent with thirst, he sent-forward the lieutenant Rutilius

cum expeditis cohortibus et parte equitum, ad
with the light-armed cchorts and part of the cavalry, te

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fumen, uti antecaperet locum castris,
the river, that he might take-previously aplace forthe camps,
existumans __ hostes remoraturos suum _ iter
thinking the enemies about-to-retard his march

cerebro impetu, et transvorsis preeliis,

by frequent assault, and indirect battles, [and flank attacks, _
et quoniam  diffiderent armis, tentaturos
and since they might distrust toarms, (to be) about-to-try

lassitudinem et sitim militum.
the fatigue and thirst of the soldiers. [And since he (Jugurtha)

distrusted a battle, he was about to try the effects of fatigue and thirst on

Dein _ipse procedere paullatim,
our soldiers.] Afterwards himself (began) to advance gradually,
pro re atque loco, sicuti descenderat
according-to the affair and the place, just-as he had descended
monte : habere Marium_ post __sprincipia;
from the mountain: to have Marius behind the vanguards;
ipse esse cum equitibus sinistre ale, qui
himself [Metellus] to be with thecavalry of the left wing, who
facti-erant principes in agmine.
had been made chiefs (the van) on the troop (on the march).
At ubi Jugurtha videt extremum agmen Metelli
But when Jugurtha sees the last troop of Metellus
pretergressum suos primos, occupat montem
having passed his-own first, he occupies the mountain
sire : R pee : ~
preesidio quasi duim millium peditum, qua
with a guard as-if (about) ef two thousand infantry, where
Metellus descenderat: ne forté adversariis
Metellus had descended: lest by-chance, the enemies

e e Q °
cedentibus foret receptuil, ac post munimento:
retreating it might be for a refuge, and afterwards for a defence:

dein. signo dato repente, invadit hostes. Alu
then, a signal being given suddenly, he attacks the enemies. Other

Numidz ceedere postremos: pars tentare

Numidians (began) to strike the last: part to try (them)
a sinistrd ac dextrd: infensi adesse, atque
from theleft and right; hostile to be-at~-hand, andSALLUSTIIL JUGURTHA. 199

instare: conturbare ordines Romanorum omnibus
to press-on: to disturb the ranks of the Romans in all

locis; quorum etiam qui fuerant obvi
places; of whom even (those) who had been opposite (opposed)

hostibus firmioribus animis, ludificati incerto
to the enemies with more-strong minds, baffled = by the uncertain

prelio, ipsi modo sauciabantur emints, neque

battle, themselves now were wounded  at-a-distance, nor
erat copia contra feriundi aut
was there plenty (the means) on-the-other-hand of striking (them) or
conserendi manum. Kquites  docti jam
of joining hand (battle). The cavalry being taught already
anté ab Jugurtha, recipiebant  sese
before by Jugurtha, did betake themselves (did retreat)
non confertim, neque in unum,  ubicunque turma
not closely, nor in one (body), whenever a company

Romanorum coeperat insequi, sed quam-maxumé

of the Romans had begun to pursue, but as-much-as-possible
divorsi, alius alio. Ita priores
apart, the other (one) from the other. Thus (being) superior
numero, si  nequiverant deterrere hostes a
innumber, if they had been-unable to deter the enemies from
persequendo, circumveniebant disjectos ab
pursuing, they did surround (them) scattered from
tergo aut lateribus: sin  collis opportunior

the back [rear] or the sides: but-since the hill (was) more-convenient

fugee quam campi fuerant, ed verd equi
for flight than theplains hadbeen, there truly the horses

Numidarum consueti evadere facilé
of the Numidians being accustomed (were able) to escape easily

inter virgulta; asperitas et insolentia loci
among the shrubs; the roughness and  unusualness of the place

retinebat nostros. Caeterum facies totius
did keep-back our (men). But the appearance of the whole

negotil varia, incerta, foeda, atque miserabilis,
business (was) variable, uncertain, foul, and wretched ;

pars dispersi a suis, cedere, alii insequi;

part scattered from their-own, (begin) to give-way, others to pursue,

 

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os = ge el sane phe een peeerayecets’ set

eo ee se aieiettetied eal tend nae einen
ate

200 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

observare neque signa neque ordines;  ubt
to regard neither standards nor ranks: where

periculum ceperat quemque, resistere ac propulsare
danger had taken each, to resist and to repulse

ibi: arma, tela, equi, viri, hostes, cives
there: arms, weapons, horses, men, enemies, citizens ' [were]

ermixti : nihil 201 consilio neque imperio:
> 3

iutermingled; nothing tobeacted by counsel nor by command;
fors yregere omnia. Itaque multum _ diel
chance to govern all (things). Therefore much of the day

processerat, cum etiam tum eventus erat in incerto.
had advanced, when even then theissue was in a doubtful

Denique, omnibus languidis labore et
(state). Finally, all (being) faint by labour and

zstu, ubi Metellus videt Numidas instare mints,
by heat, when Metellus sees the Numidians to press-on less,

conducit milites paullatim in unum;
he leads-together the soldiers gradually into one (body);

restituit ordines, et collocat quatuor legionarias
he restores theranks, and places four legionary

cohortes advorsum  pedites hostium. Magna
cohorts against the foot-soldiers of the enemies. A great

pars eorum fessa consederat superioribus_ locis.
part of them wearied had sat-down on the higher __ places.

Simul orare, hortari _milites,
At-the-same-time (he began) to beseech, to exhort the soldiers,

““Ne-deficerent, neu paterentur fugientes

“(That) they should not-fail, nor should suffer fleeing
hostes vincere: neque castra neque ullum
enemies to conquer (them): neither camps nor any
munimentum esse illis, quo cedentes
fortification to be for them, whither yielding

tenderent : omnia sita in armis.”
they might proceed-to: all (things to be) placed in arms,”
Sed nec quidem erat Jugurtha quietus  interea;
Kut neither [indeed] was Jugurtha quiet mean-time ;

circuire, hortarl, renovare prelium, et
jhe began) to go-about, to exhort, to renew the battle, andSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 201

ipse cum delectis tentare omnia ; subvenire
himself with chosen (men) to try all (things) ; to relieve

SUIS ; instare hostibus dubiis, retinere,
to his-own (men); to press-on to the enemies doubtful, to retain

quos cognoverat firmos, pugnando eminus.
(thoze) whom he had known firm, for fighting at-a-distance.

Duo imperatores, summi viri, certabant 0
The two commanders, very-great men, did contend in that

modo _ inter se: ipsi pares, ceterim
manner between themselves: themselves equal, but

disparibus opibus. Nam virtus militum erat
with unequal resources. For bravery of soldiers was

Metello, locus advorsus: omnia alia opportuna
to Metellus, the place adverse: all other (things) convenient

Jugurthe, preter milites. Denique,
[favourable] to Jugurtha, except (his) soldiers. Finally,

ubi Romani intelligunt nequo perfugium esse
when the Romans understand neither a refuge to be

sibi, neque copiam pugnandi fieri ab
for themselves, nor plenty (means) of fighting tobe made by

hoste, et jam erat vesper diel, evadunt
the enemy, and now it was the evening of the day, they depart

advorso colle, sicuti
on the opposite hill, [they charge up the hill,] as

preeceptum-fuerat. Loco amisso, Numide
it had been instructed (them). ‘The place being lost, the Numidians

fusi que fugati, pauci interiere: velocitas,
(were) routed and put-to-flight, afew perished: (their) swiftness,

et regio ignara hostibus tutata-sunt plerosque.
and acountry unknown to the enemies protected most.

Interea Bomilcar, quem diximus supra preefectum
Meantime Bomilcar, whom we have said above to have been set-over

elephantis et parti pedestrium copiarum ab

to the elephants and to part of the foot forces by
Jugurtha, deducit suos paullatim in equum
Jugurtha, leads down his (men) gradually into the level

locum, ubi Rutilius preetergressus-est eum; ac
place, when Rutilius passed-by him; and

pede e treat aihe Perrin werent ep edb RR OEE tS Rate he pd

apne ac ner te er
pas 9 0PEROT Vevey CEU TONE Pe Te rr a ne nee ee ee a ele ole ahi

08 61} peccereler byt ot ahead plete bat GE Sh meh miner pons «ge ellbire:

202 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

quietus exornat aciem, uti res postulabat, dum
tranquil arrays (his) line, as the affair did require, while

legatus pergit festinans ad flumen, qué
the lieutenant proceeds hastening to the river, whither

preemissus-erat; neque remittit explorare quid
he had been sent-before ; nor does he relax to examine what

hostis ageret ubique.  Postquam accepit

the enemy might do every-where. After-that he received (heard)

Rutilium consedisse jam, et vacuum

Rutilius to have encamped already, and(tobe) empty (free from
animo, que simul clamorem auger

anxiety) in mind, and at-the-same-time the shout to be increased

ex prelio Jugurthe, veritus ne legatus, re
from the battle of Jugurtha, having feared lest the lieutenant, the affair

cognité, foret auxilio suis laborantibus,
being known, might be for aid to his-own [hard-pressed] (people),

porrigit aciem _latius, quo obficeret
he stretches (his) line more-widely, [by which he might hinder

itineri hostium quam _  diffidens  virtuti
the march of the enemy] which distrusting to the valour of (his)

militum, statuerat arté; que eo modo procedit

soldiers, he had arranged closely; and in that manner he proceeds
ad _—_—castra Rutilu. Romani  animadvertunt
to the camps of Rutilius. The Romans perceive
magnam vim pulveris ex-improviso; nam
a great force (quantity) of dust suddenly ; for
ager consitus arbustis prohibebat prospectum. Et
the land planted with shrubs did prevent the view. And
primo rati aridam humum agitari vento ;

first having thought the dry ground to be disturbed by the wind;

XX q e e e

post, ubi _vident manere equabilem, et
afterwards, when they see (it) to remain equal, and

appropinquare magis que magis, sicuti acies

to approach more and more, as if theline [of the
movebatur, re cognita,  properantes
army] was moved, the affair being known, hastening

capiunt arma, ac consistunt pro castris, sicuti
they take arms, and stand before the camps, asSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

umperabatur. Deinde, ubi ventum-est propits,
it was ordered. Afterwards, when it was come nearer,

concurritur utrimque magno clamore. Numidze
it is rushed on-both-sides with a great shout. The Numidians

remorati tantummodo dum putant auxilium
having delayed (stood) only whilst they think aid

in elephantis, postquam vident eos impeditos
in the elephants, after-that they see them hindered

ramis §_ arborum, atque ita disjectos circumveniyri,
by the branches of the trees, and thus scattered to be surrounded,

faciunt fugam: ac plerique, armis abjectis,
they make flight: and most, (their) arms being thrown-away,
abeunt integri auxilio collis, aut  noctis,
depart whole (unhurt) by the aid of the hill, or of the night,

que jam aderat. Quatuor elephanti capt,
which now was at-hand. Four elephants (were) taken,

omnes reliqui, quadraginta numero, interfecti.
all the rest, forty in number, (were) killed.

At quanquam Romani erant fessi itinere, atque
But although the Romans were wearied by the journey, and

opere  castrorum, et leti que prelio, tamen
by the work of the camps, and glad _ also by the battle, however

quod Metellus morabatur amplius opinione,
because Metellus did delay more (than) opinion,

procedunt obviam
[longer than they thought he ought,| they advance towards (him)

instructi que intenti: nam _ dolus Numidarum
arrayed and prepared: for thedeceit of the Numidians

patiebatur nihil languidi neque remissi.
did suffer nothing of faint nor of relaxed (conduct}.

Ac primo, nocte obscura, postquam  erant
And first, the night (being) dark, after-that they wera

haud procul inter se, alteri
not far between themselves, [the Romans,] the others (began)

facere formidinem et tumultum simul apud
to make terror and tumult  at-the-same-time among

alteros strepitu,
the others by the noise, [they each alarmed one another by the noise

Ltrs cached cf iT

Wh BE Lt RR eters tone e lhe pedal reiaigie ie anita Sede

inline hint ih dem tree hh tehastarwinhn beled

Pe te eee Te) Teme ee to, VOR ENO UTE nS Oe Sawa ae wy SERe Ore Sereee ee md ety pene oe

re ee oe ee

904 SALLUSTIL JUQURTHA.

velut hostes adventare : et
and tumult,| as-if the enemies (began) to come-up: and

miserabile facinus admissum (esset), pzené
a wretched deed would have been committed, almost
imprudentia, ni equites § preemissi utrimque
by ignorance, unless cavalry being sent-forward on-either-side

exploravissent rem. Igitur pro
might have (had) examined the affair. Therefore  instead-of

metu, gaudium exortum (est) repenté; milites  leti
fear, joy arose suddenly; the soldiers joyful

appellant alius alium, edocent acta,
accost another (one) another, they inform [tell] (their) deeds,

atque audiunt: quisque fert sua fortia
and hear (others’): every-one carries (extols) his-own brave

facta ad ccelum. Quippe humane res _habent
deeds to heaven. Forsooth human affairs have

sese ita: in victoria licet vel ignavis
themselves thus: in victory itis lawful or (even) to the cowardly

gloriari: advorse res detrectant etiam
to boast: adverse things detract (sink the courage of) even

bonos. Metellus moratus quatriduo (sing.) in
the good. Metellus having delayed four-days in

lisdem castris, reficit saucios cum cura: donat
the same camps, refreshes the wounded with care: he presents

meritos in preelio more
(rewards those) having deserved-well in the battle in the manner

militie ; laudat universos in concione, atque agit
of warfare; he praises all in an assembly, and acts

gratias: hortatur, erant parem
(returns) thanks: he exhorts (them), [that] they may bear an equal

animum ad cetera, que sunt levia:
mind (spirit) to the rest, which are light (things).
pugnatum (esse) satis jam pro victoria, reliquos

to have been fought sufficiently now for victory, the rest

labores _— fore pro preda. Tamen misit
(remaining) labours to be about-to-be for spoil. However he sent

interim ransfugas et alios opportunos
nean-time deserters and others convenient (persona)SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 205
exploratum ubi gentium Jugurtha,
te examine where of nations (where-in-the-world) Jugurtha

aut quid agitaret; ne esset cum

(might be), or what he might act; whether he might be with
paucis, an haberet exercitum; ut, victus,

a few, or might have an army ; how, being conquered,

gereret sese. At ille receperat sese im

he might conduct himself. But he had betaken himself into

saltuosa loca, et munita natura; que ibi cogebat
woody places, and fortified by nature ; and there did collect

exercitum ampliorem numero hominum, sed hebetem
an army very-copious in number of men, but dull

que infirmum, cultorem agri ac pecoris magis
and weak, a cultivator of the land and cattle more

quam belli. Id eveniebat e& gratia, quod
than of war. That did happen from that favour (account), because

nemo omnium Numidarum sequitur regem ex fuga
no-one of all the Numidians follows the king from flight

preter regios equites: discedunt ed, quo
except the royal cavalry : they depart thither, whither

animus cujusque fert: neque id ducitur
the mind of every-one carries (him): neither that isled (deemed)

flagitium militie: ita mores habent se. Tgitur
a crime of warfare: thus manners have themselves. Therefore

ubi Metellus videt animum regis etiam tum esse
when Metellus sees the mind ofthe king even then tobe

ferocem; bellum renovari, quod posset non
the war toberenewed, which might be-able not

erl nisi ex lubidine illius, preeterea
to be carried-on unless from the pleasure of him, (Jugurtha, ] besides

iniquum certamen  sibi cum hostibus,
a disadvantageous contest for himself [Metellus] with the enemies,

‘los vinci minore detrimento quam suos

fierce ;

them to be conquered with less loss than his-own (soldiers)

vincere,

to conquer, [that he (Metellus) would suffer a greater loss when victor,
statuit bellum

than the enemy would when vanquished,] he resolved the war

18

B

erat nee ol

    
    
   
 
   
     
 
    
  
   
  
  
   
   
   
   
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
    

verdes

—

= DS -
Rd Pa nate et nome ETE eeshshdebhnnenimipiinerenirsih Touiabedendete petabeteteee ehineteletene

OE ee ee ETT Teen eRe Cem Meee Sarre er yr eT eter arereatr weir yer’

206 SALLUSTII JU@URTHA.

gerundum non  preliis, neque acie, sed
to be carried-on not by skirmishes, nor in-open-battle, but

alio more. Itaque  pergit in opulentissima
in another manner. ‘Therefore he proceeds into the most-wealthy

loca Numidiz; vastat agros; capit multa castella
places of Numidia; ravages thelands; takes many castles

et oppida, munita temeré, aut sine pivesidio,
and towns, fortified rashly(inahurry), or without garrison,

que incendit, jubet puberes interfici; omnia
and burns (them), orders the adults to be killed; all

alia esse predam militum. Ha  formidine
other (things) to be the booty of the soldiers. From that terror

multi mortales dediti obsides Romanis:
many mortals (were) surrendered (as) hostages to the Romans:

frumentum, et alia qu forent usui,
corn, and other (things) which might be for use, (were)

prebita affatim: presidium impositum ubicunque
afforded abundantly: a garrison (was) placed wherever

res postulabat. Que negotia terrebant
the thing didrequire fone]. Which transactions did affright

regem multo magis quam prelium malé pugnatum

the king by much more than thebattle ill fought
ab suis. Quippe, omnis spes cujus erat
by his-own (men). Forsooth (he), all the hope of whom was
sita in fuga, cogebatur sequi; et qui
placed in flight, was compelled to follow; and (he) who
nequiverat defendere sua loca

had been-unable to defend his-own [advantageous] places (was forced)

genere bellum in alienis.

to carry-on war in others’ (places). [In places chosen by another. ]
Tamen capit consilium quod videbatur optumum
However hetakes the counsel which did seem best
ex inopia: jubet plerumque exercitum opperiri

from necessity: he orders most-of the army to await (him)
im eisdem locis; ipse sequitur Metellum cum
in thesame _ places; himself follows Metellus with

delectis equitibus: ignoratus
chosen eavalry: unknown [unobserved by the Romans] by (his)SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 207

nocturnis et aviis itineribus, aggreditur repenté

nightly and pathless routes, he attacks suddenly
Romanos palantes. Plerique eorum inermes
the Romans straggling. Most of them (being) unarmed

cadunt, multi capiuntur: nemo omnium profugit
fall, many are taken : no-one of all escaped

intactus; et Numide  discedunt in proxumos

antouched; and _ the Numidians depart into the nearest
colles, sicuti § jussi-erant, prius quam
hills, so-ags they had been ordered, before than  it(they)

subveniretur ex castris. Interim rebus Metelli
might be assisted from the camps. Mean-time the affairs of Metellus
cognitis, ingens gaudium ortum (est) Rome: ut
being known, = great joy arose at Rome: how

gereret que se et exercitum more
he might (did) conduct both himself and the army inthe manner

majorum ; in advorso loco, tamen,
of (our) ancestors; (though) in amnadverse’ place, however,
fuisset (plup. sub.) victor virtute ;
he might have (had) been a conqueror by(his) valour; might (did)
potiretur agro hostium ; coégisset
possess with the land of the enemies; might have (had) compelled
Jugurtham, magnificum ex socordia Auli, habere
Jugurtha, splendid from the laziness of Aulus, to have
spem salutis in solitudine aut fuga. Itaque
hope of safety in solitude or in flight. Therefore
senatus decernere supplicia immortalibus
the senate (determined) to decree thanksgivings to the immortal
Dus ob ea feliciter acta:  civitas,

Gods on-account-of those (things) fortunately transacted: the state,

trepida antea, et sollicita de eventu belli,
fearful before, and anxious about the issue of the war, (began)

agere leta: fama esse preclara de Metello.
to act joyful: report tobe illustrious about Metellus.

Igitur intentior 0, niti ad
Therefore more prepared on that (account), (he began) to strive to (for)

victoriam: festinare omnibus modis; tamen cavere,
victory : to hasten in all manners; however to beware,

—s

Sadeaimiindmen o-dataaltaatedibeetn hata dd ie niente eee PFE a ts

ee

ee eee tr Vesa ee Cnet DOT ee ee ae eee!Pe ee on ee ee eee ee ot ee te ee ek

Fee ee a nee nner Ieee eT Tver t Verena ete rete nr a eee oe

208 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

necubi fieret | opportunus host;
lest-any-where he might become convenient to the enemy; ,give am

meminisse
advantageous opportunity to the enemy;] to have remembered (to re.

invidiam sequi post gloriam. Ita quo
member) envy to follow after glory. Thus by what

erat __clarior, e0 (erat)
(by how much) he was more-illustrious, by that (by so much) (he was)

magis anxlus: neque preedari effuso
more anxious: nor (did he permit) to plunder with a scattered

exercitu post insidias Jugurthe. Ubi erat opus
army after the snares of Jugurtha. When therewas need

frumento aut pabulo, cohortes agitabant
with (of) corn or with forage, the cohorts did carry-on

presidium cum omni equitatu: ipse ducebat partem
guard with all the cavalry: himself did lead part

exercitiis, Marius reliquos. Sed ager  vastabatur
of the army, Marius the rest. But theland was ravaged

e e e Q A e
magis igni, quam preda. Faciebant castra duobus
more by fire, than by plunder. They did make camps in two

locis haud longé inter se. Ubi erat opus
places not far between themselves. When there was_ need

vi, cuncti aderant: ceterim agebant

with (of) force, all were at-hand: but they did act
divorsi, quo fuga atque formido  crescerent
apart, in-order-that the flight and terror might increase

latius. Eo tempore Jugurtha sequi
more-widely. In that time Jugurtha (began) to follow
per colles; querere tempus aut locum
through (over) the hills; to seek a time or place
pugne; corrumpere pabulum et fontes aquarum,
of battle ; to spoil the forage and fountains of waters,

quorum erat penuria, qua audierat hostem
of which there was ascarcity, where he had heard the enemy

venturum; ostendere se modd Metello interdum
about-to-come ; to show himself one-time to Metellus, sometimes

Mario; tentare postremos in agmine,
to Marius ; to try (attack) the last on the troop (march),SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 209

ac regredi statim in colles;
[to attack the rear,] and to return immediately unto the hills;
rursus minitari aliis, pdst  aliis; neque facere
again to threaten to others, afterwards to others ; neither make

prelium, neque pati otium;  tantummodd
battle, nor to suffer quietness ; only

retinere hostem ab incepta. Ubi
to keep-back the enemy from (his) undertakings. When

Romanus imperator videt se fatigari dolis,
the Roman commander sees himself to be harassed by stratagems,

neque copiam pugnandi  fieri ab hoste,
nor opportunity of fighting tobe made by the enemy

statuit oppugnare magnam urbem, nomine Zamam,
he resolved to assault a great city, by name Zama,

et arcem regni in ed parte qu& erat sita;
and the citadel of the kingdom in that part in which it was situate;

ratus id, quod negotium poscebat,
having considered that, which the business did require, [that]

Jugurtham  venturum auxilio suis
Jugurtha about-to-come [would come] foraid to his-own

laborantibus, que prelium fore ibi.
labouring (hard pressed), and a battle to be about-to-be there.

At ille, edoctus 4 perfugis que
[Would be there.] But he, instructed by deserters what (things)

parabantur, antevenit Metellum magnis itineribus;
were prepared, outstrips Metellus by great marches ;

hortatur oppidanos defendant moeenia, perfugis

exhorts the townsmen (that) they may defend the walls, deserters
additis auxilio, quod genus erat firmissumum
being added foraid, which kind (of men) was the most-firm

ex coplis regis, quia nequibat fallere.
out-of the forces of the king, because it was-unable to deceive (him),

Preeterea pollicetur semet adfore in tempore
Besides he promises himself to be about to-be-present in time

cum exercitu. Ita rebus compositis, discedit in
with the army. Thus affairs being arranged, he departs into
loca quam-maxumé occulta; ac paullo post, Marium
tlaces as-much-as-pussible hidden; and alittle after, Marius

13 *

Mie hits hu i

R

  
 
 
    
 
     
    
   
     
     
      
        
  
  
  
 
  
   
      
    
    
 
 
    
 
  
   
   
 
   
   
    
 

Sd ade ae eee bate)

Pea ee oe a

nate date tee Lateaty minds dow igre whet! LG UALE TSA Mares

abe injrbninbnindeidate
pr aNee a eT OES eN TY. SOT Te Oe eee

See eh Al el ak tal tek ik et a

ee ee ee ee eee

210 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

missum Siecam ex  itinere, frumentatum cum

being sent (to) Sicca out-of the march,

paucis cohortibus ; quod oppidum primum
a few cohorts ; which town first

ost malam pugnam defecerat

to provide-corn with

omnium
of all

ab rege.

after the bad (unsuccessful) battle had revolted from the king.
Ko pergit noctu cum delectis equitibus, et

Thither he proceeds by night with chosen

Romanis jam egredientibus, facit
the Romans already going-out, he makes

porta: simul hortatur Siccenses
the gate: at-the-same-time he exhorts the Siccenses

voce, “Uti circumveniant cohortes
voice, “That they may surround the cohorts

cavalry, and

pugnam in
pattle in

magna
with a great
tergo ;
the rear ;

fortunam dare illis casum preclari facinoris, sl

fortune to give tothem a chance of a noble

fecerint id; postea sese

exploit, if

acturum

they shall have done that; afterwards himself (to be) about-to-spend
etatem in regno,  illos in _ libertate sine

(his) age in thekingdom, them in

metu.” Ac ni Marius

fear.” And ‘unless Marius might have (had)
inferre signa, atque evadere

to bear-forward _ the standards, and to escape

profectS cuncti aut magna pars

certainly all or a great part

mutavissent fidem; Numide agunt

liberty without
properavisset

hastened

oppido,

from the town,

Siccensium
of the Siccenses

sese

would have changed fidelity ; the Numidians act (conduct) themselves

tant?  mobilitate. Sed Jugurthini

with so-great fickleness. But the Jugurthine

milites
soldiers

sustentati paullisper ab rege, postquam hostes

being supported a-little-while by the king,  after-that

the enemies

urgent majore vi, paucis amissis, profug!
press (them) with greater force, afew being lost, escaping

discedunt. Marius pervenit ad Zamam.
depart. Marius arrived to Zama.

Id oppidum

That town

situm in campo, munitum-erat magis opere

situate in a plain, had been fortified more

by work (art)SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 211

qudm naturd, egens nullius idonex rei, opulentum
than by nature, wanting of no _ suitable thing, plentiful

armis que viris. Igitur Metellus, rebus  paratis
in arms and in men. Therefore Metellus, things being prepared

pro tempore atque loco, circumvenit cuncta
according-to time and place, surrounds all

meenia exercitu; imperat _ legatis, ubi quisque
the walls with the army ; commands to the lieutenants, where every-one

curaret : deinde, signo dato, ingens
should take-care (command): afterwards, a signal being given, a great

clamor simul __ oritur —_undique. Neque
shout at-the-same-time arises from-every-side. Nor [does]

ea res terret Numidas; manent infensi que
that thing dismay the Numidians; they remain hostile and

intenti sine tumultu: prelium incipitur. Romani
prepared without confusion: the battle is begun. The Romans

pugnare, quisque pro Ingenio, pars
(began) to fight, every-one according-to (his) ability, part

eminus  glande aut lapidibus ;
from-a-distance with acorn (pellet) or with stones; [by throwing

alii evadere, alii succedere
leaden balls and stones;] others toretire, others to succeed (them)

ac modo  suffodere murum, modd _ aggredi
and one-time toundermine the wall, one-time __ to attack (it)

scalis; cupere facere prelium in manibus.

with ladders; todesire to make battle in hands (hand to

Oppidani contra ea volvere saxa
hand). The townsmen against those (things) (began) to roll stones
in proxumos, mittere sudes, pila, preterea
on the nearest, to send (throw) stakes, darts, besides

tedum mistam pice et sulphure, ardentia. Sed
torch-wood mingled with pitch and sulphur, burning. But

timor animi ne quidem muniverat satis illos, qui
fear of mind not even had fortified sufficiently those, who

manserant procul. Nam jacula emissa tormentis
had remained at-a-distance. For javelins sent from engines

aut manu vulnerabant plerosque, que boni
or the hand did wound most, and the good (brave)

     
       
     
   
    
    
       
    
   
    
    
   
   
     
    
  
   
     
   
    
   
     

a celia ie het tee oe aerate te Tarn PEELS SGT tL eee oe eg ae oe aed os

betel ates raha

ae ee te Ree ene ei ne ee

Sear eneev eee ny reer sts o

shebepeter vipa tabmiets thy iye tet

orate rs otPORE ee Fe ae Ee rere ead

Pe ee ee ee

oo ed pecerprhe beh eh ebethatet ytetehe bet Gt las Rinpedatpagaeind «quite bapbes bam pequnmpenetet se

912 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

atque ignavi erant pari periculo, sed imparl
and the inactive were inequal danger, but with unequal

fama. Dum certatur sic apud Zamam, Jugurtha
fame. Whilst itis contended thus at Zama, Jugurtha

ex-improviso invadit castra hostium cum magna
suddenly attacks the camps of the enemies with a great

manu, qui erant in presidio remissis et
band, (those) who were on guard (being) negligent and

expectantibus omnia magis quam prelium,
expecting all (things) more than a battle,

irrumpit portam. At nostri perculsi repentino
he bursts the gate. But our (men) struck with sudden

metu, consulunt quisque sibi pro

fear, consult every-one forhimself according-to (his)
moribus: alll fugere; alii capere arma:
habits : others (began) ~ to flee; others to take arms :

magna pars vulnerati, aut occisi. Ceterum
a great part (were) wounded, or slain. But

ex omni multitudine non amplius quadraginta,
out-of all the multitude not more (than) forty,

memores Romani nominis, grege facto,
mindful of the Roman name, a flock (body) being formed,
cepere locum paullé editiorem quam alii;
took a place (station) alittle more-elevated than the others:

neque quiverunt depelli inde maxuma vi
nor were they-able to be beaten-off thence by the greatest force’

sed pauci remittere tela missa eminus,
but the few (began) to throw-back the darts sent from-a-distance,

frustrati mints in pluribus:
being disappointed less in the more (numerous): [their missiles

sin
were more effective against the more numerous assailants :] but-if
Numidee accessissent propius, ibi  verd
the Numidians might have approached nearer, there truly
ostendere virtutem, et czedere, fundere,

(they began) toshow (their) valour, and to cut, to rout,

atyue fugare eos maxuma vi. Interim cum
and to put-to-flight them with the greatest force. Mean-time wherSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 213

Metellus gereret rem  acerrumé, accepit
Metellus might (did) carry-on the affair most-vigorously, he heard

hostilem clamorem et tumultum 4 tergo: deinde
a hostile shout and tumult from the rear: then (his)

equo convorso, animadvertit fugam fierl advorsum
horse being turned, he perceived a flight to be made toward

se que res indicabat esse populares.
himself, which thing didshow (them) tobe countrymen. [His

Igitur misit omnem equitatum properé ad
own men.| Therefore he sent all the cavalry speedily to

castra, ac CC. Marium _ statim cum _ cohortibus
the camps, and Caius Marius immediately with cohorts

sociorum, que lacrymans obsecrat eum “ Per

of the allies, and weeping beseeches him “By (their)
alicitiam, que per rempublicam, ne-sinat
friendship, and by the commonwealth, (that) he may not permit
quam contumeliam remanere in victore exercitu,
any disgrace to remain in (their) victorious army,
neve hostes abire  inultos.” Ille_ efficit

nor the enemies todepart unrevenged.”’ He executes (his)

mandata brevi. At Jugurtha impeditus munimento
commands shortly. But Jugurtha prevented by the fortification

castrorum, cum alii precipitarentur super
of the camps, when others (some) might be thrown-headlong upon

vallum, alii properantes in angustiis,

the rampart, others hastening in the narrow-passes [of the gates],
ipsi officerent —_sibi,
themselves might (did) obstruct to themselves, [obstructed one another],
multis amissis, recipit sese in munita loca.
many being lost, betakes himself into fortified places.
Postquam nox aderat, Metellus, negotio
After-that night was-at-hand, Metellus, the business
infecto, revortitur in castra cum exercitu.
being undone, returns into the camps with the army.
Igitur postero die, prius quam
Therefore inthe following day, before that he might (did)
egrederetur ad-oppugnandum, jubet omnem

go-out to-assault, he orders all

bein ote dete ne tate minnlen batman d ADELE Tt beeen dt eeey

ee
pe aPOORER vem eae ee EET, Eee Ne ee a hea

O14 SALLUSTIL ». wu RTHA.

equitatum agitare pro  castris in ea parte,

the cavalry to be-active before theeamps in_ that part,
uA adventus regis erat: dispertit
where theapproach of the king was: he divides [he assigns]

portas, et proxuma loca tripunis: deinde  ipse
the gates, and the nearest places to the tribunes: then himself

pergit ad oppidum, atque agereditur murum, uti
proceeds to the town, and atiacks the wall, as

superiore die. Interim Jugurtha ex-occulto invadit
on the former day. Meantime Jugurtha secretly attacks

nostros repenté. Qui locati-fuerant in
our (men) suddenly. (Those) who had been placed in

proxumo territi  paullisper
the nearest (place) [to the enemy]  affrighted a-little

perturbantur: reliqui  cito —_ subveniunt. Neque
are confused : the rest quickly come-up. Nor

Numidee quivissent resistere diutius, nl
the Numidians might have been-able to withstand longer, unless

pedites permixti cum equitibus facerent
[their] infantry mingled with the cavalry might (did) make

magnam cladem; quibus ili fret, non
a great slaughter; to (on) which they relying, (began), not

uti solet equestri prelio, sequi, dein  cedere,
as is-usual in a cavalry fight, to follow, then to give-way,

sed concurrere advorsis equis, implicare, ac
but to rush-together with adverse horses, toinvolve, and

perturbare aciem: ita, suis peditibus expeditis,
to confuse the line: thus, their infantry being disentangled,

dare hostes pene victos.
to give (to effect), the enemies nearly vanquished. [Thus the Romans

nearly vanquished were given to the infantry, disentangled from the

Certabatur magna v1 eodem
eavalry.] It was contended with great violence in the same

tempore apud Zamam. Ubi quisque legatus aut
time at Zama. Where every lieutenant or

tribunus curabat, e0 nitl acerrumé,
tritune | did command, there (he proceeded) to strive most-vigorously,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 915

neque alius habere spem magis in alio quam in

nor another tohave hope more in another than iu
sese: que oppidani pariter agere, oppugnare,
himself: and the townsmen equally (began) to act, to assault,

aut parare omnibus locis; alteri sauciare alteros

or to prepare in all places; the others to wound the others
avidiis quam  tegere semet; clamor
more-eagerly than to protect themselves; the shout (was}
permixtus _hortatione, letitia,  gemitu: item
mingled with encouragement, with gladness, with groaning: also
strepitus armorum  ferri ad colum: tela
the rattling of arms to be carried to heaven (the sky): darts

volare utrimque. Sed illi qui defensabant meenia,
to fly on-either-side. But they who did defend _ the walls,

intenti prospectabant  equestre prelium,  ubi
fixed did view-at-a-distance the cavalry fight, when

hostes modd  remiserant pugnam paullulum.
the enemies only had relaxed the battle a little.

Animadverteres eos modo letos, modo pavidos,
Thou mayest perceive them one-time glad, one-time fearful,

uti queque res erant Jugurthe,
as every affairs were to Jugurtha, [according as the contest

ac sicuti possent audiri aut

was with Jugurtha,] and as they might be-able tobe heard or
cerni a suis, alii monere, alii

to be perceived by their-own, others (began) to advise, others

hortari, aut significare manu, aut niti
to encourage, or to beckon with the hand, or to strain with (their)

corporibus; agitare hue et illuc, quasi
bodies ; to drive hither and thither, as-if
vitabundi aut jacientes tela. Quod  ubi
about-escaping or hurling darts. Which when
cognitum-est Mario, nam is _ curabat in
it was known to Marius, for he did take-care (command) in
ea, parte, agere lenits consulto, ac simulare
that part, (he began) to act more-gently by design, and to pretend
difidentiam rel: pati Numidas

a distrust of the affair: to allow the Numidians [in the town]

eis A =]
mareesevescy. i
babs thie cists is ci eeeee LS A

sah ba peentihn piainiaametma shen aebeid Lees ik aeeedt Leese beck ee SER Pe a s

a Seah ean

2 tt a hate tae binatiin dnt eben oe

ae oueniiebapaarnrepmioringnarenice ts pupa pain botete te teintytyie wintitelitere

De ene en enn en ee cee ee ee

216 SALLUSIIL JUGURTHA.

visere prelium regis sine tumultu.
to go-to-see [to look at] the battle ofthe king without confusion.

Ita illis adstrictis studio suorum,
Thus they being tied-down (engaged) with zeal of their-own (people),

[while they were thus intent, and taken up with their own people,]

. X\ A ° e
aggreditur murum repenté magna vi; et jam

he attacks the wall suddenly with great force; and now
milites ageressl scalis ceperant jam propé
the soldiers having attempted with ladders had taken now nearly
summa, cum oppidani concurrunt, ingerunt
the highest (parts), when the townsmen  rush-together, throw
lapides, ignem, preterea alia tela. Nostri

stones, fire, besides other weapons. Our (men)
primd resistere; deinde ubi unex atque alters
first (began) to oppose; then when one axd other
scale comminutee (sunt), qui supersteterant

ladders were broken-in-pieces, (those) who had stood-on (them)

afflicti-sunt; cateri abeunt quisque quo modo
were dashed-down; therest depart every-one in what manner

potuere, pauci integri, magna pars confecti
they were-able, few whole (unhurt), agreat part spent

vulneribus. Deinde nox diremit prelium utrimque.
with wounds. Then night dissolved the battle on-either-side.

Postquam Metellus videt inceptum frustra
?
After-that Metellus sees (the thing) undertaken in-vain,

neque oppidum capi, neque Jugurtham facere
nor the town tobetaken, nor Jugurtha to make
pugnam nisi ex insidiis, aut suo loco ;
battle unless out-of ambushes, or in his-own (chosen) place;

et jam zstatem esse exactam, discedit ab Zama;

and now the summer to be spent, he departs from Zama;

et imponit presidia in iis urbibus, gus defecerant
and places garrisons in those’ cities, which had revoltea

ab se, que munite-erant satis loco aut
from himself, and had been fortified sufficiently by the place or

meenibus. Collocat czeterum exercitum in provineiam-
by walls. He places therest-of thearmy into the provincesSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. OUT

que est proxuma Numidie, gratia

which [is] next to Numidia, by favour (for the sake)
hiemandi. Neque concedit id tempus quieti aut
of wintering. Nor does he grant that time to rest or
luxurize ex more aliorum; sed quoniam
luxury according-to the custom of others; but since

bellum procedebat parum armis, parat tendere
the war did succeed little | by arms, he prepares to stretch

insidias regi per amicos, et util
snares for the king by (his) friends, [the king’s,] and to use

perfidid eorum pro armis. Igitur aggreditur
the treachery of them instead-of arms. Therefore he attacks

multis pollicitationibus Bomilcarem, qui fuerat
with many promises Bomilcar, who had been

Rome cum Jugurtha, et fugerat judicium inde,
at Rome with Jugurtha, and had escaped trial thence,

vadibus datis, clam de morte Massive;
sureties being given, secretly concerning the death of Massiva;

quod erat | maxuma copia fallendi per
because there was the greatest opportunity of deceiving through

maxumam amicitiam: ac eficit | primo, uti
the greatest friendship : and he accomplishes first, that

veniat occultus ad se gratia colloquendi ;
hemay come concealed to himself for the sake of conferring ;

deinde fide data, si tradidisset

then (his) faith (solemn promise) being given, if he might have delivered

Jugurtham vivum aut necatum sibi, fore,
Jugurtha alive or killed to himself, to be about-to-be,

ut senatus concederet impunitatem et omnia sua
that the senate would grant forgiveness and all his

ili; persuadet facile Numide, cum
(ceasessions) to him; he persuades easily to the Numidian, as-well

infido ingenio, i. ae
with faithless disposition, [as well on account of his faithless disposition, |

tum metuenti ne, si pax fieret cum Romanis,
then (as) fearing lest, if peace might be made with the Romans,

ipse traderetur ad supplicium per conditiones
himself might be delivered to punishment by the conditions

19

ase Hi ad
sbcan ea Le tess tr Beke tii )

r | ‘ bo tel’
i ieteeeniin <a acted hae echt eed ee aenen BELL EEALA RE LEAR REL Gs REE? Eee See

natin ple innl a eaten tis jhubabieln ba jebeddedradibbbichsétapetesedpapagnreomimtngeerwnre ih Hijo je polobedesn ra tete te tpi wivteteletere

dnteh = quiptlibobnpheniegupoemmpntatet a! enaheiatie

218 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Ubi primtim fuit opportunum, is accedit Jugurtham

When first it was convenient, he approaches Jugurtha
anxium, ac miserantem suas fortunas, monet,
solicitous, and lamenting his-own fortunes, he advises,
atque lacrumans  obtestatur uti provideat
and weeping beseeches (him), that he may provide
aliquando sibi que liberis, et genti
some-time for himself and children, and for the nation
Numidarum merenti optumd; sese
of the Numidians deserving very-well (of him); themselves
victos (esse) omnibus preliis, agrum vastatum,
to have been conquered in all the battles, the land ravaged,
multos mortales captos, occisos; opes regni
many persons taken, [or] slain; the resources of the kingdom
comminutas-esse; jam et virtutem militum
to have been broken; already both the valour of (his) soldiers

et fortunam tentatam (esse) szepé satis:
and _ fortune to have been tried often enough: he may (should)

caveat, ne, illo cunctante, Numide  consulant

beware, lest, [he hesitating], the Numidians may consult

sibi. Impellit animum regis his atque
for themselves. Heimpels the mind of the king by these and
talibus aliis ad deditionem. Legati
by such other (reasonings) to a surrender, Ambassadors
mittuntur ad imperatorem, qui dicerent Jugurtham
are sent to the general, who should say Jugurtha
facturum imperata, ac tradere  sese que
about-to-do (the things) ordered, and todeliver himself and
suum regnum in fidem illius sine ullé pactione.
his kingdom unto the faith of him without any covenant,
Metellus properé jubet cunctos senatorii ordinis
Metellus hastily orders all of senatorial rank
accersirl ex hibernis ; habet concilium
to be sent-for out-of | winter-quarters; he holds & council
eorum, atque aliorum quos ducebat idoneos.
of those, and cf others whom he did lead (think) proper.
Ita imperat Jugurthe more majorum

Thus he orders to Jugurtha inthe manner of (our) ancestorsSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 919

ex decreto concilii, per  legatos,
according-to the decree of the council, by the ambassadors, (to furnish)

ducenta mullia pondo argenti, omnes
two hundred thousands pounds-weight of silver, all (his)

elephantos, aliquantum equorum et armorum. Qua
elephants, some- what of horses and _ of arms. Which

postquam facta-sunt sine mora,  jubet
(things) after-that they were done without delay, he orders

omnes perfugas adduci vinctos. Magna pars
all the deserters to be brought-up bound. A great part

eorum adducti (sunt) uti jussum-erat; pauci
of them were brought-up as it had been ordered; a few

abierant in Mauritaniam ad regem Bocchum,
had gone-away into Mauritania to king Bocchus,
cim deditio primim cepit. Igitur Jugurtha, ubi
when the surrender first began. Therefore Jugurtha, when
spoliatus-est armis, que viris, et pecunia, cum
he was stripped-of arms, and men, and money, when

ipse vocaretur ad Tisidium imperandum,
himself might be (was) called to Tisidium to-be-commanded,

rursus ceepit flectere suum animum, et timere
again began to bend (change) his mind, and to fear

digna ex mal& conscientia. Denique,
worthy (deserved things) from an evil consciousness. Finally,

multis diebus consumptis per dubitationem, cum
many days being spent through (in) doubt, when

modo duceret omnia potiora
one time he might (did) deem all (things) better (than)

bello, tedio advorsarum rerum ; interdum ipse
war, from weariness of adverse things ; sometimes he

reputaret, quam gravis casus ex regno
might (did) revolve, how heavy the fall from akingdom

in servitutem  foret; multis que magnis
into slavery might be (was); many and great

preesidiis perditis nequidquam,
protections being lost [by what he had surrendered] in-vain,

summit bellum de-integro. Senatus, Rome,
he takes (begins) war anew. [The senate, at Rome,

tiie Sache ake oak ae

er ee ot 3;

eee aey

Oe ee ee ee ee eS

Fever Orer ert Sone ee Srerke tye te
wa ee tes

mai rite Ay IN Sepa La adeeb tin!wt ot tate et he rmpecepeie eng et emoe i ipnjaiegnde ingens beter he yh #8 hey

ae Le eee eee eee nn ras

220 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

consultus de _ provinciis, decreverat Numidiam
having consulted about the provinces, had decreed Numidia

Metello. Per idem tempus haruspex
to Metellus.] Through (about) the same time a soothsayer

dixerat magna atque mirabilia portendi C.
had said _— great and wonderful (things) to be foreboded to Caius
Mario forté supplicanti diis per hostias;

Marius by chance praying tothe gods by victims; [sacrificing

proinde fretus iis, ageret que
to the gods;] wherefore relying on the gods, he might act what

agitabat animo ; experiretur fortunam
he did revolve in mind; he might try fortune

qudm-sepissumé; cuncta eventura
as-often-as-possible ; all (things to be) about-to-happen

prosperé. At ingens cupido consulattis exagitabat
prosperously. But agreat desire of the consulship _ did harass

illum jam antea; ad quem capiundum
(excite) him already before; to which  to-be-taken (to obtain

omnia alia erant abundé, preter
which) all other (qualities) were abundantly, except
vetustatem familie; industria, probitas, magna
the antiquity of (his) family; industry, honesty, a great
scientia militie, ingens animus belli,
knowledge of warfare, a great mind (spirit) of (in) war,
modicus domi, victor lubidinis, et divitiarum,

moderate of (at) home, aconqueror of passion, and of riches,

tantummodo avidus glorie. Sed is natus (est) et
only greedy of glory. But he was born and

altus omnem pueritiam Arpini, ubi
reared (during) all (his) boyhood of (at) Arpinum, when

primim tas fuit patiens militiz, exercuit sese
first (his) age was enduring of warfare, he exercised himself

stipendiis, faciundis, non Greecd facundiA,
in pays (military services) to-be-made, not in Greek eloquence,

neque urbanis munditiis; ita  integrum ingenium
nor in polite refinements; thus (his) sound ability
adolevit brevi inter bonas artes. Ergo ubi
grew-up shortly among good arts (pursuits). Therefore whenSALLUSTIIL JUGURTHA, TA

primtim petit militarem tribunatum a _ populo,

first he seeks a military tribuneship from _ the people,
plerisque ignorantibus faciem ejus,  notus

most (of them) not-knowing the face of him, being known
facilé, declaratur
easily, [but being known by name, as a brave soldier,] he is declared
per omnes tribus. Deinde  peperit alium,
by all the tribes. Afterwards he begot (procured) another

post alium sibi ab eo magistratu ;
(one magistracy), after another for himself from that magistracy ;

que agitabat eo modo semper in _ potestatibus,

and he did manage inthat manner always in (his) commands,

ut haberetur dignus ampliore

that he might be (was) held worthy with more-ample (higher
quam  gerebat. Tamen is

authority) than he did carry-on [possessed]. However he (though)

talis vir ad id locorum audebat non
such aman to that of places (up to that time) diddare not

adpetere consulatum, (nam _ postea datus-est
to solicit the consulship, (for afterwards he was given
preeceps ambitione). § Htiam tum

(precipitated) headlong by ambition). Even then
plebes alios magistratus; nobilitas

the common-people (did bestow) other magistracies ; the nobility

tradebat consulatum per manus inter se.
did deliver theconsulship through (their) hands among themselves.

Nemo novus erat tam clarus, neque tam
No-one new (man) was so illustrious, nor so

egregiis factis, quin is haberetur
with excellent deeds, but-that he might be (was) held

indignus illo honore, et quasi pollutus.
unworthy with that honour, and as-if defiled. [And as if hv

Igitur, ubi Marius videt dicta

would defile it.] Therefore, when Marius sees the sayings

haruspicis intendere eddem, quo  cupido

of the soothsayer to tend to the same (point), whither the desire

animi hortabatur, rogat missionem ab

ef (his) mind did encourage, he asks (his) discharge from
19*

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799 SALLUSTIIT JUGURTHA.

Metello _— gratia petundi ; cul
Metellus by favour (for the sake) of seeking (it); to whom
quamquam virtus, gloria, atque alia optanda
although valour, _ glory, and other (things) to-be-wished
bonis superabant, tamen contemptor

by good (men) did abound, however adespiser (scornful)

animus, et superbia, commune malum nobilitatis,

mind, and pride, the common evil of the nobility,
inerat. Itaque commotus primum
was-in (him). Therefore being moved (surprised) first
insolita re, mirari consilium ejus; et
by the unusual thing, (he began) to wonder-at the design of him; and
monere quasi per amicitiam *< ne-inciperet
to advise (him) as-if through friendship (that) ‘he should not-begin
tam prava, neu gereret animum
(things) so corrupt, [so erroneous,] nor should carry & spirit
super fortunam: omnia non esse cupienda
above (his) fortune: all (things) not tobe _ to-be-desired
omnibus; suas res debere placere
to (by) all ; his-own things to owe (ought) to please
satis illi :

sufficiently tohim: [that he ought to be satisfied with his station :]

postremd, caveret petere id & Romano populo,
lastly, he should beware to seek that from the Roman people,

quod negaretur jure ili.” Postquam dixit hee,
which might be denied by right to him.”  After-that he said these,

atque talia alia, neque animus Marii flectitur,
and such other (advices), neither the mind of Marius is bent,

respondit, sese facturum que peteret, —ubi
he answers, himself about-to-do what he might (did) ask, when
primtim potuisset per publica negotia.

first he might have been-able by the public affairs. [As soon

| Ac fertur dixisse
as public affairs would permit. ] And he is reported to have said

postea seplus postulanti eadem.
afterwards (to him)  oftener requesting the same (things)

‘“Ne-festinaret abire, illum petiturum
‘He should not-hasten to depart, him  about-to-seek [that he wouldSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 293
consulatum maturé satis cum suo  filio.”
seek] the consulship early enough with his-own son.”

Is militabat eo
He (the son) did serve

tempore contubernio
in that time in the fellowship of (his)

patris ibidem, natus circiter viginti annos; que
father there, born about twenty years ; which

res accenderat Marium vehementer, cum _ pro
thing had inflamed Marius violently, as-well for

honore, guem affectabat, tum contra Metellum.
the honour, which he did aim-at, then (as) against Metellus.
Ita grassari, cupidine atque ira, pessumis

Thus (he began) to proceed, _ by desire and by anger, the worst

consultoribus: neque abstinere ullo facto, neque
advisers : nor torefrain fromany deed, nor

dicto, quod foret mod6 ambitiosum,

saying, which mightbe only ambitious, {by which he might

milites, quibus preerat in
the soldiers, to whom hewas-over in

habere

gain popularity,] to have

imperio quam anted:
command than before :

laxiore
in more-remiss

hibernis,
the winter-quarters,

criminosé,__et simul magnificé, de
censuringly, and at-the-same-time boastingly, about

loqui
to speak

negotiatores,
the merchants,

quorum erat magna
of whom there was a great

bello, apud

the war, among
Utice: “Dimidia pars _ exercittis

of (at) Utica: “If the half part of the army might be

multitudo
multitude

permitteretur  sibi, habiturum Jugurtham
(were) granted to himself, (to be) about-to-have Jugurtha

in catenis paucis diebus: trahi  consultd ab
in chains in a few days: to be protracted designedly by

homo, et regiz

quod inanis
and of royal

imperatore,
because the empty (vain) man,

the commander,

auderet nimis imperio.” Omnia

superbie,
rejoice too-much in command.” All

pride, might (did)

quae videbantur illis firmiora ed, quod
which (sayings) did seem to them more-sure therefore, because

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294 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

corruperant familiares res
they had injured (their) family affairs (their property

diuturnitate belli.
by the length of the war.

Preeterea, quidam Numida, nomine Gauda, filius
Besides, acertain Numidian, by name Gauda, & son

Manastabalis, nepos Masinisse, erat in nostro
of Manastabal, grandson of Masinissa, was in our

exercitu; quem Micipsa scripserat secundum
army ; whom Micipsa had written (appointed) second

heeredem testamento, confectus morbis, et ob
heir by will, spent by disease, and on-account-of

eam causam mente  paullum imminuta.
that cause with a mind a little diminished (impaired),

Cui _ petenti, Metellus negaverat utrumque,
To whom requesting (them), Metellus had denied each

uti  poneret sellam juxta
(of the following), that he might place (his) chair near (him)

more regum, item posted turmam Romanorum
in the manner of kings, also afterwards a troop of Roman

equitum causa custodize: honorem, qudd
horsemen by cause (for the sake) of guard: the honour, because

foret modo eorum quos Romanus populus
it might be (was) in the manner of those whom the Roman people

appellavisset reges: presidium, quod
might have (had) called kings: the guard, because

foret contumeliosum in eos, si Romani equites
it might be insulting unto them, if Roman horsemen

traderentur satellites Numidee. Marius

should be delivered (as) guards to a Numidian. Marius

agereditur hune anxium, atque hortatur uti petat
accosts him anxious, and encourages that he may seek

penas contumeliarum in imperatorem,
punishments of the insults against the commander, [received from

cum suo auxilio: extollit secund§
the commander,| with his assistance: heextols with favourable

oratione hominem animo parum-valido ob

speech the man with a mind not-strong on-account-ofSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 225

morbos: ‘Tllum esse ingentem virum, nepotem

diseases : “* Him to be a great man, grandson
Masinisse; si Jugurtha foret captus aut
of Masinissa ; if Jugurtha might be (were) taken or
occisus, habiturum imperium

slain (to be) about-to-have [he would have] the government

A
€

Numidie sine mora; aded id posse evenire
of Numidia without delay; thus that to be-able to happen

maturé Si ipse
speedily, [that indeed this might speedily happen,] if himself
missus-foret consul ad id_ bellum.”
might have (had) been sent (as) consul to that war.”
Itaque ipse impellit et illum et Romanos equites,
Therefore he impels both him and the Roman knights,
milites et negotiatores, alios; spes  pacis
soldiers and merchants, (and) others; the hope of peace (urges)
plerosque, uti scribant asperé Romam ad
most, that they may write roughly (severely) to Rome to

suos necessarios in Metellum de bello;  poscant
their acquaintances against Metellus about the war; may request

Marium imperatorem. Sic consulatus petebatur
Marius (as) commander. Thus the consulship was sought

uli a multis mortalibus honestissum4 suffragatione.
forhim by many mortals with most-honourable canvass.

Simul nobilitate fusa
At-the-same-time the nobility being poured (defeated) [being made of

per Mamiliam legem, e§

equal importance in voting,] by the Mamilian law, at that
tempestate plebes extollebat novos.

time the common-people did extol [to office] new (men),
Ita cuncta procedere Mario. Interim

Thus all (things) (began) to succeed for Marius. Mean-time
Jugurtha, deditione omissd, postquam  incipit

Jugurtha, the surrender being omitted, after-that he commences
bellum parare omnia cum magn4 cura,

the war (began) to prepare all (things) with great care,

festinare cogere exercitum;  affectare,
to hasten to collect an army ; to aim-at [to recover]

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296 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

civitates qua defecerant ab se, forimidine, aut
the cities which had revolted from himself, by terror, or

ostentando premia, communire suos locos; reficere,
by displaying rewards, to fortify his-own places; to repair,

aut commercari arma, tela, que alia, que
ar to purchase arms, weapons, and other (things), which

amiserat spe pacis; allicere  servitia
he had lost inthe hope of peace; toentice the slaveries (slaves)

Romanorum, et tentare eos ipsos qui erant
of the Romans, and totry those (persons)themselves who were

in presidiis, pecunia; pati nihil  prorsus
in the garrisons, by money; tosuffer nothing altogether

intactum, neque quietum, agitare cuncta.
untouched, nor tranquil, to disturb all (things).

Igitur Vaccenses, principes civitatis quo Metellus

Therefore the Vaccensian, chiefs of the state where Metellus
imposuerat presidium initio, Jugurtha
had placed a garrison in the beginning, Jugurtha
pacificante,  fatigati suppliciis regis, neque

making-peace, being importuned by the entreaties of the king, neither

alienati antea voluntate, conjurant inter se; nam
alienated before in will, conspire among themselves; for

vulgus, uti solet, plerumque, et maxumé
the common-people, as_ is usual, generally, and _ chiefly (that)

Numidarum, erat, mobili ingenio, seditiosum
of the Numidians, was, with changeable disposition, seditious

atque discordiosum, cupidum novarum rerum,
and turbulent, desirous of new things (revolution),

advorsum quieti et otio: dein, rebus compositis
inimical to rest and toleisure: then, things being arranged

inter se, constituunt in tertium diem, quod
between themselves, they appoint on _ the third day, because

is festus que celebratus per omnem Africam,
that (being) festive and celebrated through all Africa,

ostentabat ludum et  lasciviam magis quam
did display play and wantonness more than

formidinem. Sed ubi tempus fuit, invitant  alius
fear. But when thetime was, _ they invite the stherSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. o97

alium suas domos, centuriones que militares
(the one) another to) their houses, thecenturions and military

tribunos, et TT. Turpilium Silanum prefectum ipsum
tribunes, and Titus Turpilius Silanus the governor himself

oppidi: obtruncant omnes eos inter epulas, preeter
of the town: they massacre all those among the feasts, except

Turpilium: posted aggrediuntur milites palantes,
Turpilius: afterwards they attack the soldiers wandering,
Inermes, ac sine imperio, quippe in tali die.
unarmed, and without command, inasmuch-as on such a day.

Plebes = facit idem, pars
[As became such a day.] The common-people do the same, __ part

edocti ab nobilitate, alii incitati studio talium
instructed by the nobility, others urged from zeal of such

rerum, quis ignorantibus acta, que consilium,
things. towhom not-knowing (their) acts, and design,

tumultus ipse, et nove res, placebant satis.
the confusion itself, and new things, did please sufficiently.

Romani milites, improviso  metu, incerti que
The Roman - soldiers, from the sudden fear, doubtful and

ignarl quid facerent potissimiim, trepidare ad
ignorant what they should do chiefly, (began) to hurry to

arcem oppidi, ubi signa et scuta erant:
the citadel of the town, where the standards and _ shields were:
presidium _hostium, porte clause ante
a guard of the enemies, (and) the gates being shut before
prohibebant fugam: ad hoc mulieres que
did hinder (their) flight: to this (besides) the women and
pueri mittere certatim pro tectis
boys (began) tosend (cast) emulously before the roofs

eedificiorum saxa, et alia, que locus prebebat.
of the buildings stones, and other(things), which theplace did afford.

Ita anceps malum neque caver,

Thus the double evil (could) neither be guarded-against,
neque posse resisti infirmissumo generi
nor (did it appear) to be able tobe opposed to the weakest sort

4 fortissumis :
by the bravest: [mor could the bravest resist the weakest portion of

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boni gue mali, strenui et  imbelles,

mankind:] the good and thebad, the active and the unwarlike
inulti, obtruncati (sunt) juxtd. In ea tanta
unrevenged, were slaughtered alike. In that so-great
asperitate, Numidis seevissumis, et
roughness (misfortune), the Numidians (being) most-cruel, and

oppido clauso undique, Turpilius preefectus, unus
the town being shut on-every-side, Turpilius the governor, one

ex omnibus lItalicis profugit intactus:

(alone) out-of all the Italians escaped untouched :
comperimus parum, an id evenerit ita
we have discovered little, whether that may have happened so
misericordia hospitis, an pactione, an
from the compassion of (his) host, or by agreement, or
casu: nisl, quia in tanto malo turpis vita
by chance: unless (but), because in so-great anevil a base life
fuit potior integra fama, videtur
was better (than) sound fame § (character), he seems

improbus que intestabilis. Postquam Metellus

villainous and detestable. After-that Metellus

comperit de rebus actis Vacce, meestus

liscovered about the things done at Vacca, sorrowful
abit paullisper é conspectu :

Ae departs a litthe-while out-of sight (from public) :

deinde ubi ira et egritudo permista-sunt,

afterwards when anger and Sorrow were-mingled,

festinat ire ultum injurias cum maxuma cura.

he hastens to go to avenge the injuries with the greatest care.
Educit legionem cum qua _ hiemabat, et
He leads-out the legion with which hedid winter, and

quam-plurimos Numidas equites potest, expeditos,

as-many Numidian cavalry he is-able, prepared,

cum occasu solis: et

both disencumbered], with [at] the setting of the sun: and
x : es ‘. .

postera die cireiter tertiam horam pervenit

in the following day about the third hour he arrives

in quamdam planitiem, circumventam locis paulld
into a certain plain, surrounded with places a littleSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 22K

Buperioribus. Ibi  docet milites, fessos
higher. There he teaches (informs) the soldiers, fatigued

magnitudine itineris, et jam abnuentes omnia,
by the greatness of the march, and now refusing all (things),

oppidum Vaccam  abesse non amplits
[that] the town Vacca to be distant [is distant] not more

mille passuum: decere illos
(than) athousand of paces: to become [that it became] them

pati reliquum laborem equo animo, dum
to suffer the rest (remaining) labour witheven mind, until

caperent poenas pro suis’ civibus, fortissumis

they might take penalties for their-own citizens, very-brave
atque miserrumis  viris. Preterea ostentat
and most-wretched men. Besides he points-out

predam benigné.
the plunder liberally. [He liberally grants them the plunder of the

Sic animis eorum arrectis,  jubet
place.] Thus the minds (spirits) of them being raised, he orders
equites ire in primo, laté, pedites
the cavalry to go in front, extended, the infantry
quam-arctissumé, et occultare signa. Ubi
as-closely-as-passible, and to conceal _ the standards, When
Vaccenses animadvertére exercitum _—ppergere
the Vaccenses perceived the army to proceed
advorsum Se, rati primo esse
against themselves, having thought (it) at-first to be

Metellum, uti res erat, clausere portas: deinde

Metellus, as the thing was, they shut the gates: then

ubi vident agros neque vastarl, et eos qui

when they see the lands neither toberavaged, and those whe
aderant primi Numidas equites;  arbitrati

were present first (to be) Numidian cavalry; having thought (it)

rursum Jugurtham, procedunt obvi

again (to be) Jugurtha, they proceed opposite (towards him)

cum magno gaudio. Hquites que pedites, signo

with great joy. The cavalry and _ infantry, a signal
dato repenté, alii csedere
being given suddenly, others (some began) to slaughter

20

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230 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

vulgum effusum oppido; alu festinare
the common-people poured-forth from the town; others to hasten

ad portas: pars capere turres: ira, atque  spes
to the gates: part totake thetowers: anger, and _ the hope

prede posse plis quam lassitudo. Ita
of booty to be-able (to do) more than fatigue. Thus

Vaccenses letati (sunt) modo biduum = ex
the Vaccenses rejoiced only two-days from (their)

perfidid: magna et opulens civitas fuit cuncta
treachery : the great and wealthy city was all

pene aut preedee.
for punishment or for booty. [Was given up to punishment or booty.]

Turpilius, quem preefectum oppidi ostendimus
Turpilius, whom (being) governor of the town we have shown

supra profugisse unum ex omnibus,
above to have escaped one (alone) out-of all,

jussus a Metello dicere causal ;
being commanded by Metellus to say (plead his) cause ;

postquam expurgat sese parim, condemnatus que
after-that he clears himself little, being condemned and

verberatus, solvit poenas capite ; nam
scourged, he loosed (paid) penalties by (his) head; [life;] for

is erat civis ex  Latio. Per idem
he was acitizen out-of Latium. Through (during) the same

tempus Bomilcar, impulsu cujus Jugurtha
time Bomilcar, by the instigation of whom Jugurtha

inceperat deditionem, quam  deseruit metu,
had begun the surrender, which he abandoned from fear,

suspectus regi, et ipse suspiciens eum,
being suspected to (by) the king, and he suspecting him, (began)

cupere novas res; querere dolum ad
to desire new things (revolution); to seek a stratagem to

perniciem jus; fatigare animum diu
the destruction of him [Jugurtha]; to weary (his) mind by-day
que noctu; denique, tentando omnia, adjungit

and by-night; finally, by trying all (things), he unites (as)

socium sibi Nabdalsam, nobilem hominem,

an associate to himself Nahdalsa, a neble man,SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 231

clarum magnis opibus, que acceptum suis
ulustrious by great riches, and received (popular) to his-own

popularibus: qui solitus-erat plertumque ductare
countrymen : who had been accustomed generally to lead

exercltum seorsum ab rege, et exsequi omnes
an army apart from the king, and to execute all

res, Q| Wee superaverant Jugurthe, fesso aut
things, which had remained-over to Jugurtha, fatigued or

adstricto majoribus ; ex quo gloria que opes

bound-down to greater (affairs); from which glory and _ richea

inventee illi, Igitur dies statuitur insidiis

were found to (by) him. Therefore aday is appointed for the snares

consilio utriusque: placuit ceetera parari

by the plan of each: it pleased (them) the rest to be prepared
ex tempore, uti res  posceret. Nabdalsa

according-to time, as the thing might demand. Nabdalsa

profectus (est) ad exercitum, quem jussus habebat
set-out to the army, which being ordered he did have

inter hiberna §Romanorum, ne _hostibus
between (near) the winter-quarters of the Romans, lest the enemies

inultis ager vastaretur.
(being) unrevenged the land might be ravaged. [Lest the land might

Postquam, is, perculsus
be ravaged by the enemy with impunity.] After-that, he, struck

magnitudine facinoris, venit non ad tempus; que
by the greatness ofthe crime, came not _ to time ; and

metus impediebat rem: Bomilcar, simul  cupidus

fear did hinder the thing: Bomilcar, at-the-same-time desirous
atrandi incepta, et anxius timore
of perpetrating his undertakings, and anxious from the fear of (his)
socll, ne vetere consilio omisso, queereret
associate, lest the old design being laid-aside, he might seek
novum ; mittit letteras ad eum per fideles
anew (one); sends letters (aletter) to him by faithful
homines: in quels accusare mollitiem que
men: in which (he began) toaccuse thesoftness and
socordiam Vir ; testari Deos, per  quos

inacti rity of the man; to attest the Gods, ‘brough whom

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232 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

juravisset ; monere, ne-converteret
he might have (had) sworn; to advise, (that) he should not-turx
premia  Metelli in pestem : exitium

the rewards of Metellus into (his) plague (ruin): destruction
adesse Jugurthe; ceterum id modo agitari,
to be at-hand to Jugurtha; but that now to be discussed,

ne periret sua virtute, an Metelli:
whether he might perish by his valour, or (that) of Metellus:

proinde reputaret cum suo animo,

wherefore he should revolve with his-own mind, (whether)
mallet © premia an cruciatum. Sed cum he

he might prefer rewards or torture. But when these
littere allate (sunt), Nabdalsa, fessus, corpore
letters were brought, Nabdalsa, fatigued, (his) body
exercito, forté quiescebat in lecto; ubi, verbis
being exercised, by-chance did rest in abed; where, the words

Bomilcaris cognitis, cura, deinde somnus cepit,
of Bomilecar being known, anxiety, then sleep took

uti solet egrumanimum. LErat quidam

(seized him), as itis-wont a sick mind. There was acertain
Numida ei, fidus curator negotiorum, que
Numidian to him, a faithful manager of (his) affairs, and
acceptus, et particeps omnium consiliorum,
received (approved), and a partaker of all (his) designs,
nisi novissuml. Qui postquam, audivit litteras
unless of the newest (last). Who after-that, he heard the letters

allatas, ratus, ex consuetudine,
(letter) being brought, having thought, according-to custom,
opus esse opera, aut suo ingenio,  introiit

need to be with (his) assistance, or his understanding, entered

in tabernaculum: illo dormiente, sumit ac _ perlegit
into the tent: he sleeping, he takes and reads-througt

epistolam positam temeré super caput in pulvino:
he letter placed rashly above (his) head on the pillow:
Jem, insidiis cognitis, pergit properé ad regem.
then, the snares being known, he proceeds quickly to the king.
Nabdalsa experrectus paullo post, ubi  reperit
Nabdalsa being awaked a little after, when he foundSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 233

neque epistolam, et cognovit omnem rem, uti
neither the letter, and knew all the thing, as

acta-erat,
it had been transacted, [and was informed of what had taken place,]

s 4 ° © . e
primo conatus (est) persequi indicem; postquam id
at-first endeavoured to pursue theinformer; after-that that

fuit frustra, accedit Jugurtham gratia
was in-vain, he appreaches Jugurtha by favour (for the sake)

placandi: preventum perfidia
of appeasing (him): (he says) to have been prevented | by the treachery

sui clientis, facere, que ipse paravisset :
of his dependant, todo, what(things) he might have prepared

lacrumans, “‘ obtestatur per amicitiam,
(had intended): weeping, ‘““he beseeches (him) by friendship,

que per sua acta  fideliter antea,
and by his (deeds) transacted faithfully before, (that)

ne-haberet sese suspectum super tali scelere.”
he would not-have himself suspected about such guilt.”

Rex respondit placidé ad ea, aliter atque
The king answered calmly to those (words), otherwise and

gerebat animo. Bomilcare, que multis aliis,
(than) he did bear in mind. Bomilear, and many others,

quos cognoverat socios insidiarum, interfectis,
whom hehad known associates of the snares, being slain,

oppresserat iram, ne qua seditio oriretur ex
he hadrepressed (his) wrath, lest any sedition might arise out-of

eo negotio. Neque fuit ulla dies aut nox quieta
that business. Neither was any day or night tranquil

Jugurthe post id locorum: neque
to Jugurtha after that of places (that circumstance): neither (was

credere satis cuiquam loco, neque
he able) to believe (trust) sufficiently to any place, nor

mortali, neque tempori: metuere cives que
person, nor time : (he began) to fear citizens and
hostes juxta: circumspectare omnia, et pavescere
enemies alike: to look-around-on all (things), and to fear

omni strepitu: requiescere noctu  alio atque
in every noise: to rest by night in another (one) and

20 *

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pas ve heed

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Ce ll len en ee ee

Pe eee ene ee ee

934 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

alio loco,
another place, [he continually caanged his place of repose at night,]}

contra regium decus: interdum excitus somno,
against royal propriety: semetimes roused from sleep, (his)

armis arreptis, facere tumultum: exagitari ita
arms being snatched-up, to make atumult: to be harassed thus

formidine, quasi vecordia. lIgitur, ubi Metellus
by fear, as-if by insanity. Therefore, when Metellus

cognovit ex perfugis de casu. Bomilcaris,
knew from deserters concerning the calamity of Bomilcar,

et indicio patefacto, parat que festinat
and theinformation being laid-open, he prepares and hastens

cuncta rursus tamquam ad integrum bellum.
all (things) again as-if to a fresh war.

Dimittit Marium domum, fatigantem de
He dismisses Marius home, wearying (him) about (his)

profectione, et simul invitum et offensum,
departure, and at-the-same-time unwilling and offended,

ratus parum idoneum sibi. Et  plebes
naving thought (him) little useful for himself. And the common-people

Romee, litteris que misse-erant de Metello ac
at Rome, the letters which had been sent about Metellus and

Mario cognitis, acceperant volenti animo
Marius being known, hadreceived (them) with a willing mind

de ambobus. Nobilitas, qu fuerat anted
concerning both. (His) nobility, which had been before

decori, esse invidiz imperatori: at humilitas
for honour, (began) to be for envy to the commander: but humbleness

generis addiderat favorem illi alteri: czterim

of race had added favour tothat other: but [moreover]
studia partium magis qudm sua bona aut mala
the zeals of parties more than their-own good or bad
moderata in utroque. Preaterea, seditiosi
(qualities) directed in each. Besides, seditious
magistratus exagitare vuloum,
magistrates (began) to harass [agitate] the common-people,
arcessere Metellum capitis omnibus concionibus,

to impeach Metellus of head (capitally) in all harangues,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 250

celebrare virtutem Marii in majus.

to celebrate the valour of Marius into greater (too highly).

Denique, plebes accensa (est) sic, uti opifices

Finally, the common-people was inflamed so, that the artisans

que omnes agrestes, quorum res que fides

and all the rustics, whose thing (property) and credit

erant site in manibus,

were placed in (their) hands, [who depended on their daily work for
operibus relictis, frequentarent

support,] (their) works being left, might (did) frequent

Marium, et ducerent gua necessaria
Marius, and might lead (did deem) their-own necessary (matters)

post honorem illius.
after the honour of him. [And postponed their own necessary affairs

Ita nobilitate perculsa,
to the honour of Marius.] Thus the nobility being struck, [defeated],

consulatus mandatur novo homini post multas

the consulship is committed to anew man after many
tempestates: et postea frequens populus rogatus
epochs: and afterwards anumerous’ people being asked
a Manlio Mantino, tribuno plebis, quem
by Manlius Mantinus, tribune of the common-people, whom it (they)
vellet gerere bellum cum Jugurtha, jussit
might will to carry-on the war with Jugurtha, ordered
Marium. Sed  senatus decreverat Numidiam
Martfus. But the senate had decreed Numidia
Metello; ea res fuit frustra. Hodem tempvre,
to Metellus; that thing was  in-vain. In the same time,
Jugurtha, varius que incertus, amicis amissis,
Jugurtha, changeable and uncertain, (his) friends being lost,
plerosque quorum ipse necaverat, ceteri formidine;
most of whom himself had killed, — the rest from fear ;
pars profugerant ad Romanos, alii ad regem
part had fled to the Romans, others to king
Bocchum: cum bellum posset neque
Bocchus: when the war might be (was) able neither
gerl sine administris, et duceret

to be carried-on without managets, and he might lead (did deem it)

   
 
 
   
   
   
 
   
  
   
  
    
   
  
    
   
 
  
    
  
   
   
   

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236 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

periculosum experiri fidem novorum in tanta
dangerous to try the faith of new (ones) in so-great
perfidia veterum, agitabatur. Neque res neque
treachery of the old, was harassed. Neither a thing nor
consilium, aut quisquam hominum placebat  illi

a plan, or any-one of men did please to him
satis : mutare itinera que preefectos
sufficiently: (he began) te change (his) routes and governors
in-dies: modo pergere advorsum hostes interdum
daily : one-time to proceed against the enemies sometimes

in solitudines: seepé habere spem in fuga, at paullo
into deserts: often tohave hope in flight,.but a little

post in armis: dubitare an crederet minus

after in arms: to doubt whether he should believe (trust) less

virtuti an  fidei popularium. Ita,
to the valour or tothe faith of (his) countrymen. Thus,

quocunque intenderat, res erant advorsee.

wheresoever he had directed (his mind), things were adverse.

Sed inter eas moras, Metellus ostendit sese repenté
But among those delays, Metellus shows himself suddenly

cum exercitu. Numide _ parati (sunt),
with (his) army. The Numidians

instructi pro tempore
arrayed according-to the time

que
were prepared, and

[as well as the time and occasion

ab Jugurtha: dein preelium incipitur. In
would permit] by Jugurtha: then a battle is begun. In

qua parte rex  adfuit pugne, ibi certatum
what part the king was-present tothe battle, there it w

aliquamdiu: omnes ceteri milites
some-time : all

(est)
as contended

ejus pulsi (sunt)
the rest-of the soldiers of him were repulsed

que fugati primo congressu. Romani potiti (sunt)
and put-to-flight in the first encounter. The Romans possessed
signorum et armorum et aliquanto numero
f the standards and arms and some number
hostium. Nam pedes magis quaim arma
of the enemies. For (their) feet more than arms
tutata-sunt Numidas ferme in omnibus preeliis.
protected the Numidians almost in all the battlesSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 931

Jugurtha e& fugd modd diffidens impensiis suis
Jugurtha in that flight now  distrusting more-earnestly to his

rebus, pervenit cum perfugis et parte equitatis
affairs, arrived with the deserters and part of the cavalry

in solitudines, dein Thalam, in magnum et
into deserts, then to Thala, into a great and

opulentum oppidum, ubi plerique thesauri, que
wealthy town, where most-of the treasures, and

multus cultus pueritize
much furniture of boyhood (relating to youthful instruction) of (his)

filiorum erat. Postquam que comperta-sunt
sons was. After-that whieh (things) were discovered

Metello, quamquam cognoverat arida
to (by) Metellus, although he had known dry (parched)

atque vasta loca esse inter Thalam que proxumum
and desert places tobe between Thala and the next

flumen, in spatio quinquaginta millium; tamen,
river, in a space of fifty miles ; however

agereditur supervadere omnes asperitates ac
he attempts to surmount all asperities (difficulties) and

etiam vincere naturam, spe belli patrandi,
even toovercome nature, in the hope of the war to-be-completea

Sl potitus-foret ejus oppidi.
if he might have possessed [if he got possession] of that town.

Igitur, jubet omnia jumenta levari
Therefore, he orders all the beasts-of-burden to be lightened

sarcinis, nisi frumento decem dierum:
from the baggages, except corn of [for] ten days:

cseterum utres modo, et alia idonea
but [moreover] bladders only, and other (things) proper

aquse portari.  Preeterea conquirit plurimum

for water to be carried. Besides he seeks the most

domiti pecoris ex agris quam potest,
oftamed cattle out-of the lands as __ he is-able, [he collects as
que eo

many tame cattle from the fields as he can,] and _ there (on them)
imponit vasa cujusque modi, pleraque

he places the vessels of every manner (kind), most (of them)

aaah pees let as eee at

erent rie

~~

ecuaeabie: 1 det sack aioe beeen eames tne ae

Se eee

See

eee eee ee eve cones Ee ae

eeea) Ce eae he
Sey en ena eee rer rr ae

sana tins at itp hltinl Se mientaclpentyiponis- op llliiericnigtlihn tennant a tite

een

238 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA,

lignea, collecta ex tuguriis Numidarum. Ad
wooden, gathered out-of the cottages of the Numidians. To

hoe imperat finitumis ul
this (besides) he orders to the neighbouring (people) wh:

dederant se Metello post fugam regis,
had surrendered themselves to Metellus after the flight of the king,

quisque portaret quum plurimum aque;
(that) every-one should carry as-much-as-possible of water;

preedicit diem que locum ubi §forent
he appoints-before the day and place where they should-be

presto. Ipse onerat § jumenta ex flumine,
at-hand. Himself loads the beasts-of-burden from the river,

quam aquam diximus supra esse proxumam

which water we have said above to be nearest

oppido. Instructus eo modo proficiscitur ad

to the town. Furnished in that manner he sets-out to

Thalam. Deinde ubi ventum-est ad id loci, quo
Thala. Afterwards when it wascome to that of place, where

preceperat Numidis; et castra posita-sunt
he had instructed tothe Numidians [to be]; and the camps were placed

que munita; tanta vis aque dicitur
(pitched) and fortified; so-great a force (quantity) of water is said

missa repenté coelo, ut ea foret
(to have been) sent suddenly from heaven, that that might be (was)

modo satis que super exercitui. Preeterea
now enough and above (more) for the army. Besides
commeatus amplior spe ;

(there was) provision more-abundant (than) hope; [than was hoped

quia Numidz, sicuti plerique in nova deditione,

for ;] because the Numidians, as most in anew surrender,

intenderant officia.
had strained (their) offices. [Had exceeded what they were required

Cextertim milites usi (sunt) religione magis

to do.] But thesoldiers used religion more (than)
pluviaé, que ea res addidit multim animis

the rain, and that thing added much to the minds (spirits)
eorum; nam _ rati (sunt) sese esse cure

of them; for they imagined themselves to be for careSALLUSTII JUGURTHA, 235

mmortalibus Diis. Deinde perveniunt ad Thalam

to the immortal Gods. Afterwards they arrive at Thala

postero die, contra opinionem Jugurthe.
on the following day,  contrary-to the opinion of Jugurtha,
Oppidani, qui crediderant se munitos
The townsmen, who had believed themselves fortified

asperitate locorum, perculsi magna  atque
by the roughness of the places, struck by the great and

insolit& re, parare bellum nihilo  segnits;
unusual thing, (began) to prepare war by nothing more-inactively;

nostri facere idem. Sed
[not the less on that account;] our (men) todo _ the same. But

rex jam credens nihil infectum Metello,
the king now believing nothing undone to(by) Metellus,

quippe qui industria vicerat omnia, arma,
inasmuch-as who by industry had vanquished all (things) arms,

tela, locos, tempora, denique naturam ipsam,

weapons, places, times (seasons), finally nature herself,
imperitantem ceeteris, profugit noctu = ex
ruling to the rest (of things), escaped by night out-of

oppido cum liberis, et magna& parte pecunix;
the town with (his) children, and witha great part of the money;

neque moratus posted in ullo loco amplius
neither having delayed afterwards in any place more (than)

unf die, aut und nocte, simulabat sese properare

one day, or one night, he did pretend himself to hasten
gratia negotii;  ceterum  timebat
by favour (for the sake) of business; but he did fear
proditionem, quam putabat posse vitare celeritate.
treachery, which he did think to be-able to avoid by speed.
Nam talia consilia capi per otium et

For (he knew) such counsels tobe taken through leisure and

ex opportunitate. At ubi Metellus videt oppidanos

from opportunity. But when Metellus sees the townsmen

intentos preelio, simul oppidum munitum et
intent in the battle, at-the-same-time the town fortified both

operibus et loco, circumvenit moenia vallo
by works and bythe place, he surrounds the walls with a rampart

atte
merrenererrye noni ut = Al

Sree eral remsebiat er cee ite ee arent,

es

so ene n ene eee twhietynes wm terepad ih! Sicha Lt

NN ete ee eee

   

teckel eaERTS Te Seer TONE T URS (3 EEE Ser enter ee ee

a hg: by os ate ence 9 batt ting Dat ae 6 Reh meter ees = unin eh Gh eae pogmmipcat at «a

240 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

que fossa. Deinde jubet agere vineas

and a ditch. Then heorders toact (put-in-action) mantelete
locis maxumé idoneis ex copia ;

in the places most suitable according-to the opportunity,

{in such places, out of the whole number of places, that were most suitable

que jacere aggerem super eas, et
for them;] and tothrow amound above (beyond) those, and

turribus impositis super aggerem tutari opus et
towers being placed upon the mound to defend the work and

administros. Contra heec oppidani
the managers (engineers). Against these (things) the townsmen (began)

festinare, parare; prorsus nihil  fieri reliquum

to hasten, to prepare; altogether nothing to be made left
ab utrisque. Denique Romani
by each. [Nothing was left undone by each.] Finally the Romans

fatigati multo labore anté, que preliis, potiti (sunt)
wearied by much labour before, and battles, possessed

oppido modo, post quadraginta dies,
with the town [took the town] now, after forty days,

quam ventum-erat €0 5 omnis preeda
than (since) it had been come thither ; all the booty

corrupta (est) & perfugis. Postquam ii vident
was destroyed by the deserters. After-that those see

murum feriri arletibus, que suas res
the wall to be struck by the (battering) rams, and their things

aiflictas, comportant aurum  atque
overthrown [and ruined], they carry the gold and

argentum et alia que decuntur prima

silver and other (things) which are deemed the first [most valu.
regiam domum; ibi, onerati vino et

able] (to) the royal house ; there, loaded with wine and

epulis, corrumpunt que illa et domum, et semet
with feasts, they destroy both them and the house, and themselves

igni; et psi  volentes pependére eas peenas,
hy fire; and themselves willing paid those penalties,

quas victi metuerant ab hostibus. Sed
which being conquered they had feared from the enemies. But= A
restr ir iiede (ft bf

SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 244

pariter cum Thal&  capt&, legati

equally (atthe same time) with Thala being taken, ambassadors

venerant ad Metellum ex oppido Lepti, orantes
had come to Metellus out-of the town Leptis, praying

uti mitteret presidium que prefectum ed;
that hewouldsend a garrison and a governor thither; [that]

quemdam Hamilcarem, nobilem, factiosum hominem

Foe eer a lt ede ee etree ela er.

ee bes

Ne REE RY eee ae eee eer TT Tee Seer

a certain Hamilcar, a noble, factious man
studere novis rebus; advorsum
tostudy fornew things; [was exoiting a revolution ¥] against
quem neque imperia magistratuum neque  leges |
whom neither the commands of the magistrates nor the laws i
valerent; ni festinaret id, suam_ salutem,
might avail; unless he should hasten that,  their-own safety, ;
socios illorum, fore in summo  periculo.
the allies of them, to be about-to-be in the highest danger.
i
Nam Leptitani jam-inde 4 principio Jugurthini }
For the Leptitani ever-since from the beginning of the Jugurthine H
<
belli miserant ad consulem Bestiam, et postea
war had sent to the consul Bestia, and afterwards i
s e s e e i
Romam, rogatum amicitiam que societatem. Deinde,
to Rome, toentreat friendship and alliance. Afterwards,
ubi ea impetrata (sunt), mansere semper
when those (things) were obtained, they remained always

boni que fideles, et fecerant gnavé cuncta
good and faithful, and haddone actively all (things)

imperata a Bestia, Albino, que Metello; que ita
ordered by Bestia, Albinus, and  Metellus; and thus

adepti (sunt) facilé ab imperatore, que
obtained easily from the commander, what (things)

petebant. Quatuor cohortes Ligurum  emissx
they did ask. Four cohorts of Ligurians were sent-cut

e6, et Caius Annius prefectus. Id oppidum
thither, and Caius Annius (as) governor. That town

a Sw Ee TE eT See eT

conditum-est ab Sidoniis, quos accepimus

was built by the Sidonians, whom we have received (heard) }

H

e e . ° se 4

profugos ob civiles discordias venisse :

(being) exiles on-account-of civil discords tohave come 4
21 :

i
Ney
35
Me
SayPee eee ee ee at

eee eee aed

NSE ee eee ee ce nen mes - -
’ - al lel ie ie ee

942 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

in eos locos; cseterim situm inter duas Syrtes,
into those places; but situate between the two Syrtes,

uibus nomen inditum ex re.
to which the name (was) given from the thing. [From the nature

Nam sunt duo sinus im extrema

of the thing.] For there are two bays in the remotest
AfricA prope, impares magnitudine, pari

Africa nearly, unequal in size, with equal (similar)
natura, quorum proxuma terra sunt preealta ;
nature, of which (the parts) nearest to theland are  very-deep;
extera alta, uti fors  tulit; alia vadosa

the rest deep, as chance has brought (directed); others fordable

in tempestate. Nam ubi mare ccepit esse magnum
in a tempest. For when the sea has begun to be great

et seevire ventis, fluctus trahunt limum, que
and torage by the winds, the waves draw [move] mud, and

arenam et ingentia saxa: ita facies locorum
sand and huge rocks: thus the appearanee of the places

mutatur simul cum ventis; nominatz-sunt Syrtes
is changed together with the winds; they have been named Syrtes

ab tractu. Lingua —ejus
{quicksands) from the drawing [or dragging.] The language of that

civitatis modd conversa (est) connubio Numidarum;

state lately was changed by marriage of the Numidians ;
pleraque legum que cultis Sidonica,
most (things) of laws and of living (are) Sidonian, [their

que retinebant
laws and customs are, for the most part, Sidonian,] which they did retain

ed faciliis, quod agebant etatem procul
therefore more-easily, because they didact (spend) age (life) far

ab imperio regis. Multi que vasti loci erant
from the authority of the king. Many and desert places were

inter illos et frequentem Numidiam.
between them and numerous (inhabited) Numidia [and the

Sed quoniam venimus in has
densely inhabited Numidia.] But since we have come into these
regiones per negotia Leptitanorum, videtur non
regions through the affairs of the Leptitani, it seems notSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 2438

indignum memorare egregium atque mirabile facinus
unworthy to relate anexcellent and admirable exploit

duorum Carthaginiensium; locus admonuit nos
of two Carthaginians ; the place has reminded us
€am rem.
that thing.

Tempestate qu& Carthaginienses imperitabant
In the time in which the Carthaginians did rule-over

plereeque Africee, Cyrenenses quoque fuére magni
to most-of Africa, the Cyrenians also were great

atque opulenti. Ager in medio arenosus,
and wealthy. The land in the middle (was) sandy,

una specie; neque erat flumen neque mons,
with one appearance; neither was there river nor mountain,

qui discerneret fines eorum; que res habuit
which might distinguish the bounds of them; which thing held

eoS in magno que diuturno bello.
them in agreat and lasting war. [Which thing kept the

Postquam
Carthaginians and the Cyrenians in perpetual, war.] After-that
legiones item classes utrimque szepé fusze (sunt),
the legions also the fleets on-either-side often were routed,
que fugate, et alteri attriverant alteros

and put-to-flight, and the others (the one) had wasted the others
aliquantum; veriti ne alius aggrederetur mox

some-what; having feared lest another might attack soon-after
victos que victores defessos, § faciunt
the conquered and the conquerors wearied, they make
sponsionem per inducias, uti legati proficiscerentur
an agreement by truces, that deputies should depart
domo certo die; in quo loco fuissent

from home on acertain day; in what place they might have been

obvii is haberetur communis finis
opposite (had met) that should be held the common boundary

utriusque populi. Igitur duo  fratres missi

of each people. Therefore the two brothers sent
Carthagine, quibus nomen erat  Philenis,
from Carthage, to whom the name Was Phileni,

2

Po ¢
Maohs NB TY
rua iets

a

TAS peMede sei ts

Pee the Lahaye lemme g LED SLE

RRR st ANE
bs a

ee ee ee ee ae ee

eps

eee eet ene teen ana eames oe Lk Lele Sek

~*~Oe ed en en ee er

Deen een een enn ne a ears

ee

944 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

maturavére pergere iter; Cyrenenses iére
hastened to proceed [with] the journey ; the Cyrenians went
tardius.  Cognovi parum, ne id evenerit

more-slowly. I have learned little, whether that may have happened

socordia’ an casu. Cetertim tempestas  solet
by inactivity or by chance. But a tempest is accustomed

retinere in illis locis haud secis atque in
to detain in those places not otherwise and (than) in

mari. Nam ubi ventus coortus per qualia
Bea. For when the wind having arisen through the level

loca et nuda gignentium
places and naked (of things) producing [and destitute of vegetation]

excitavit arenam humo, ea agitata magna
has raised the sand from the ground, that being shaken with great

Vl, solet implere ora que oculos; ita
violence, is accustomed to fill the faces and eyes} thus

prospectu. impedito, morari iter. Postquam
the view being obstructed, to delay the journey. After-that

Cyrenenses vident se esse aliquanto posteriores,
the Cyrenians see themselves to be by some-thing later,

et metuunt pcenas domi ob rem
and fear punishments at home on-account-of the thing

corruptam ; criminari
being spoiled ; [ill managed] (they began) to accuse

Carthaginienses digressos domo ante tempus;
the Carthaginians having departed from home before the time ;

conturbare rem; denique malle omnia quam
to confuse the affair; finally to prefer all (things) than

abire victi. Sed cum Peni peterent
to depart overcome. But when the Carthaginians might (did) ask

aliam conditionem, tantummddo zequam, Greeci
another condition, provided only equal (fair), the Greeks

faciunt optionem Carthaginiensium, vel,
[of Cyrene] make (offer) a choice of the Carthaginians, either,

ut ih obruerentur vivi bi,
that they should be overwhelmed (buried) alive there (in those places),

quos peterent fines suo populo; vel _sese
which they might seek (as) boundaries for their people; or themselvesSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. P45

processuros eadem  conditione in quem locum
about-to-advance with the same condition into what place

vellent : Philzeni, conditione probata,
they might will: the Phileni, the condition being approved,

condonavére que se que suam vitam reipublice;
bestowed both themselves and their life to the state;

ita — obruti (sunt) vivi. Carthaginienses
thus they were overwhelmed (buried) alive. The Carthaginians

consecravére aras Philenis fratribus in eo loco;
consecrated altars tothe Phileni brothers in that place:

que alii honores instituti (sunt) domi illis. Nune
and other honours were instituted at home to them. Now

redeo ad rem. Postquam Jugurtha, Thala
ITreturn to the thing (subject). After-that Jugurtha, Thala

amissa, putat nihil satis firmum contra Metellum;

being lost, thinks nothing sufficiently firm against Metellus ;
profectus per magnas solitudines cum paucis,
having set-out through great deserts with a few,
pervenit ad Geetulos, ferum que incultum genus
he arrived to the Getulians, afierce and uncultivated race
hominum; et eo tempore ignarum Romani
of men; and in that time ignorant of the Roman

nominis. Cogit multitudinem eorum in-unum: ac
name. He collects a multitude of them together: and

paullatim consuefacit habere ordines, sequi
by-degrees accustoms (them) to hold ranks, to follow

signa,  observare imperium, item facere alia

standards, to observe command, also to do other
militaria. Preeterea perducit proxumos
military (things). Besides he leads-over the nearest (friends)

regis Bocchi, magnis muneribus et majoribus
of king Bocchus, by great presents and by greater

promissis ad studium sul:
promiges to azeal of him: [to be zealous for him, and his

quis adjutoribus aggressus regem, impellit

zause:| by which helpers haying accosted the king, he urges

uti suscipiat bellum advorsum Romanos. Id

nim) that he may undertake war against § the Romans. That
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itPO ae eer

ee eee ee aes ah tees atti penile maint tne. pee

whey ye! &

ae teas

246 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

fuit facilius que pronius ea gratia,
was more-easy and more-inclined (ready) from that favour (account),

quod Bocchus, initio hujusce belli, miserat
because Bocchus, in the beginning of this war, had sent

legatos Romam petitum foedus et amicitiam. Quam
ambassadors to Rome to solicit atreaty and friendship. Which

opportunissumam rem, bello incepto, _ pauci
most convenient thing, the war _ being begun, a few

impediverant ceci avaritid, quis erat mos
had hindered blind by avarice, to whom itwas a custom

vendere omnia honesta atque  inhonesta.
to sell all (things) honourable and dishonourable.

Etiam filia Jugurthe nupserat antea Boccho.
Also the daughter of Jugurtha had married before to Bocchus.

Verum ea necessitudo ducitur levis apud Numidas
But that relationship isdeemed light among Numidians

que Mauros: quod singuli habent quam-plurimas
and Moors: because each have very-many
uxores, quisque pro opibus; alii

wives, every-one according-to (their) riches; others (some)

denas; ali plures: sed reges amplits ed. Ita
ten; others more: but the kings more therefore. Thus

animus distrahitur multitudine: obtinet
(their) mind (affection) is divided by the multitude:

nullam pro sociaé: omnes sunt pariter viles.
none for a partner: all are equally cheap (despised).

Tgitur, exercitus conveniunt in locum placitum
Therefore, the armies assemble into a place

it obtaing

agreed-on

ambobus: ibi fide datd et accepta, Jugurtha

to-both;: there faith being given and _ received, Jugurtha

accendit animum Bocchi oratione: Romanos esse
inflames the mind of Bocchus by aspeech: the Romans to be

injustos, profunda& avaritia,
unjust, with (of) profound avarice, [insatiable in their avarice, }

communes hostes omnium: illos habere eandem

common enemies of all: them to have the same

caussam belli cum Boccho, quam secum, et
sause of war with Bocchus, which (they had) with him, andSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 247

cum aliis gentibus; lubidinem imperitandi, quis

with other nations ; a lust of ruling, to whom
omnia regna sint advorsa: tum sese,
all kingdoms are inimical ; then himself,

Carthaginienses paulld anté, item regem Persen;

the Carthaginians alittle before, also king Perses ;

post uti quisque videatur opulentissimus, ita

afterwards, as each may seem most-wealthy, 86
fore hostem Romanis.

to be about-to-be an enemy to the Romans. [So he would be considered

His atque alis talibus
as an enemy of the Romans.] These and other such (words)

dictis, constituunt iter ad oppidum Cirtam ;
being said, they appoint (their) march to the town Cirta ;

quod Q. Metellus locaverat preedam, que captivos,
because Quintus Metellus had placed the booty, and _ the prisoners,

et impedimenta ibi. Ita Jugurtha ratus (est)

and the baggages there. Thus Jugurtha thought (it)
fore pretium opere, urbe aut captd;
to be about-to-be the price of the labour, the city either being taken;
aut si Romanus venisset auxilio
or if the Roman (general) might have come to aid
SUIS, sese certaturos prelio. Nam,
to his-own, themselves (to be) about-to-contend by a battle. For,
eallidus, festinabat id modo imminuere pacem
erafty, he did hasten that now to diminish the peace
Bocchi; . ne
of Bocchus; [to lessen Bocchus’s chance of making peace ;] lest
° ° x
agitando moras, mallet aliud quam

by managing delays, he should wish-rather another (thing) than
bellum. Postquam imperator cognovit de societate

war. After-that the commander knew of the alliance

regum, facit  copiam pugnandi, non temeré

of the kings, he makes an opportunity of fighting, not rashly

omnibus locis, neque uti consueverat seepe

in all places, nor as he had been accustomed often
a e A es °

jam, Jugurtha victo : ceterum Castris

already, Jugurtha being conquered : but the camps

ree rrrrreyretl eee
Seer beer fi a

ae ponte ede a anes

oo

SN SS SES BEBE ELIE BEET TE vi

eeein elemininninienapaonien tt lpuinbetebebern tats hetyhe wehe

— Cen ee eee ee ne ee tr ile ele en oe ee a

948 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

munitis haud procul ab Cirta, opperitur reges;
being fortified not far from __ Cirta, he awaits the kings;

ratus esse melius, Mauris  cognitis,
faving thought (it) to be better, the Moors being known, [the cha-

facere pugnam ex
racter of the Moors being known,] to make battle according-to

commodo, quoniam is novus _hostis
convenience, [advantageously, | since that new enemy

accesserat. Interim, fit certior Roma
had come-up (was added). Mean-time, he is made more-sure from Rome

per litteras, provinciam Numidiam datam (esse)
by letters, the province Numidia tohavebeen given

Mario. Nam _acceperat anté, factum (esse)
to Marius. For he had received (news) before, to have been made

consulem. Quibus
consul. [For he had before heard that he was made consul.] By which

rebus perculsus supra bonum atque honestum,
things being struck beyond (what was) good or honourable,

neque tenere lacrumas neque moderari

(he was able) neither to hold (his) tears nor to govern
linguam: egregius vir in alis artibus,

(his) tongue: an excellent man in _ other arts (qualities),

pati vegritudinem nimis molliter.
(he was able) to endure sorrow too softly (effeminately).

Quam rem alii vortebant in superbiam;
Which thing others didturn into pride; [did attribute to

alit bonum ingenium
pride;] others (said) (his) good ability [his honourable spirit]
accensum-esse contumelia: multi, quod victoria
to have been inflamed by the insult: many (said), because the victory
jam parta erlperetur ex manibus :
already obtained might be (was) snatched out-of (his) hands:
cognitum satis nobis, illum excruciatum (esse

it oas been known sufficiently tous, him to have been tormented
magis honore Marii quam sud injurid; neque
more by the honour of Marius than by his-own injury; nor

fuisse laturum tam anxié, si provincia
to have been about-to-bear (it) so  solicitously, if the provinceSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 9A9

adempta traderetur alii quam Mario. Igitur
taken-away might be delivered to another than to Marius. Therefore

impeditus eo dolore, et quia videbatur
hindered by that grief, and because it did seem (the part)

stultitiz curare alienam rem suo __ periculo,

of folly to attend-to amother’s affair with his-own danger,

mittit legatos ad Bocchum  postulatum

hs sends ambassadors to Bocchus to request (that)
‘‘ ne-fieret hostis Romano populo sine

“he would not-become an enemy to the Roman people without

caussf: eum habere magnam copiam societatis que

cause : him to have a great opportunity of an alliance and

amicitie conjungends,
of-friendship to be joined, [of entering into alliance and friendship

que esset potior bello:
with the Roman people,] which mightbe better (than) war:

quamquam confideret suis opibus, tamen,
although he might (did) trust to his resources, however,

debere non mutare incerta pro certis ;
to owe (he ought) not tochange uncertain (things) for certain;

omne bellum sumi facilé, ceeterim desinere
every war to be taken-up_ easily, but to end

egerrumé; initium et finem ejus non esse in
most-difficultly; the beginning and end of it not tobe. Mm

potestate ejusdem, licere cuivis, etiam
the power of the same (person), to be-lawfal for any-one, even
ignavo, incipere ; deponi cum _ victores

for the cowardly, to begin (it); to be laid-aside when the conquerors

velint: proinde  consuleret sibi que suo
may will: wherefore he should consult for himself and for his

regno; neu misceret suas florentes res cum
zingdom; nor should he mix his flourishing affairs with

perditis Jugurthe.”’ Rex facit verba placidé satis
‘he ruined (affairs) of Jugurtha.” The king answers calmly enough

ad ea: ‘‘Sege cupere pacem, sed misereri
to those (words) : ‘‘ Himself to desire peace, but to pity

fortunarum Jugurthe; si eadem copia fieret
of the fortunes of Jugurtha; if the same oprortunity might be made

co

i

a

a a
eee it bees (fea bl

Pe NO SIT EET

perrwipe?:

Roe peers srerer eens
=

3

dlFey reer CE a a ye i ilies!

es SO ee es

250 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

ili, omnia conventura.” § Imperator
tohim, all (things) (should be) about-to-agree.” The commander
rursus mittit nuncios, contra postulata
again sends messengers, against [in reply to] the requests
Bocchi. Ile probare partim, abnuere alia.

of Bocchus. He(willed) toapprove partly, torefuse other (parts).
Ko modo, nunciis missis que remissis sapé

in that manner, messengers being-sent and  sent-back often
ab utroque, tempus procedere, et bellum
by each, the time (began) to advance, and the war

trahi intactum ex voluntate Metelli.

to be protracted untouched according-to the will of Metellus.

At Marius, ut diximus supra, factus consul
But Marius, as wehavesaid above, being made consul
cupientissima plebe, postquam populus jussit
by the most-eager common-people, after-that the people ordered

provinciam Numidiam ei, jam anted infestus
the province Numidia for him, already before hostile

nobilitati; vero tum multus atque
to the nobility; but then [he] (began) much (frequently) and

ferox instare; mod6 ledere singulos,
haughty tourge (them); now to injure (insult) individuals,
mod6 universos: dictitare, ‘“‘Sese cepisse

now the whole: to say-often, “Himself to have taken

consulatum spolia ex illis victis:’’ praeterea alia
the consulship (as) spoils from them overcome:” besides _ other

magnifica pro se, et dolentia illis; interim
splendid (things) for himself, and grieving to them; mean-time

habere prima, que erant opus bello:
to have first, (those things) which were needful for war:

postulare supplementum  legionibus; arcessere
to require a complement for the legions ; to send-fo1
auxilia & populis, et regibus, que sociis: praeterea
wuxiliaries from peoples, and _ kings, and allies: besides

accire quemque fortissumum ex Latio, plerosque
to summon each bravest (man) out-of Latium, [the] most

cognitos militia, paucos fama, et
known [to him] in warfare, [a] few by fame, andSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 251

ambiendo _cogere homines, stipendiis
by canvassing to compel [to induce] men, (their) pays

emeritis, proficisci secum. Neque
(military duties) being served-out, to set-out with him. Nor

Benatus, quamquam erat adversus, audebat
the senate, although it was hostile (to him), did dare

abnuere illi de ullo negotio: ceterum etiam
to refuse to him about any business: [thing :] but even

Istus decreverat supplementum ;
joyful had decreed a complement; [a new levy of soldiers ;]

quia putabatur militiam plebi neque
because it was thought warfare (to be) to the common-people neither

volenti,
willing, [because military service was thought to be disagreeable to the

et Marius aut amissurus usum
common people,] and Marius either about-to-lose the advantage

belli aut studium vulgi. Sed ea res
of the war or the zeal of the common-people. But that thing

sperata (est) frustrd. Tanta lubido eundi cum

was hoped in-vain. So-great apassion of going with
Mario invaserat plerosque: quisque
Marius Yad seized most (of them): each (did think)
sese fore locupletem preda;  rediturum

himself to be about-to-be wealthy by the booty; about-to-return

domum victorem: trahebant
{and would return] home conqueror: they did draw (resolve) [they

alia hujuscemodi animis; et
did fancy] other (things)  of-this-kind in (their) minds; and

Marius arrexerat eos non paullum sua  oratione.

Marius had roused them _ not alittle by his speech.
Nam, postquam, omnibus que postulaverat
For, after-that, all (things) which he had required
decretis, vult scribere milites, advocavit
being decreed, he wills to write (levy) soldiers, he summoned
concionem populi, causa hortandi,

an assembly of the people, by cause (for the sake) of exhorting (them),

et simul _exagitandi nobilitatem,
and at-the-same-time of harassing [inveighing against] _ the nobility,Fe ee

ee a ete te othe te? Acid enemies «get eee nee met omemnmpnoet se! = 67

wae SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

uti consueverat; deinde disseruit hoc modo:
as he had been accustomed; then he discoursed in this manner:

“Heo scio Quirites, plerosque petere imperium
“IT know Romans, most (persons) to solicit power

& vobis, et gerere, postquam adepti-sunt,
from you, and tocarry (it) on, after-that they have obtained (it),

non iisdem artibus: primo esse industrios,
not by the same arts (qualities): at first to be industrious,

supplices, modicos, dehinc agere etatem
suppliant, moderate, afterwards to act (spend their) age

per ignaviam et superbiam; sed videtur
through sloth and pride ; but (the thing) seems

contra mihi. Nam quo universa
otherwise to me. For by what (by how much) the whole

respublica est pluris, quam consulatus aut
commonwealth is of more (consequence), than the consulship or

preetura, eo illam debere
the prastorship, by that (by so much) that to owe (ought)

administrari majore cura, quam hec peti.
to be administered with greater care, than these to be sought.
[That offices ought to be administered with greater care, than they are

Neque  fallit me, quantum negotii

sought for.] Neither does it deceive me, how-much of business
sustineam cum vestro maximo beneficio.
I may support with your greatest Kindness. [How great a

Parare bellum, et
task your-kindness has imposed on me.] To prepare war, and

simul parcere _— erario; cogere eos ad
at-the-same-time to spare to the treasury; to compel these to
militiam, quos nolis
warfare, [to military service, ] whom __ thou mayest be-unwilling
offendere; curare omnia domi que foris; et
tc offend; to take-care-of all (things) athome and abroad; and

agere ea inter —_ invidos, occursantes,
to act those (things) among the envious,

factiosos, est, Quirites,  asperius
the factious, is, Romans, more-rough (more-difficult) (than!

the thwarting,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 958

cpinione. Ad hoc, si alu
supposition. [Is supposed.] To this (besides), if others

deliquére, vetus nobilitas, fortia facta
have transgressed, (their) ancient nobility, the brave deeds

majorum, opes cognatorum et affinium,
of (their) ancestors, the resources of relations and _ of kinsmen,

multz clientele, omnia hxc adsunt
many patronages, all these (things) are-present

presidio: omnes spes site mihi in memet;
for a safeguard: all hopes (are) placed forme in myself;

quas est necesse tutari virtute et innocentia:
which itis necessary todefend by valour and by integrity :

nam alia sunt infirma. Kt,
for other (qualities) [my other dependencies] are weak. And,

intelligo illud Quirites, ora, omnium esse
I understand that Romans, the countenances of all to. be

conversa In me; xquos et bonos favere,
turned upon me; the equal (just) and good to favour (me),

quippe mea benefacta procedunt reipublice ;

because my benefits succeed for the state; [a faithful
nobilitatem

discharge of my duty is for the good of the republic;] the nobility

queerere locum invadendi. Qud est
to seek a place (opportunity) of attacking (me). Wherefore itis

adnitendum mihi acrius, uti vos neque
to-be-striven to (by) me more-vigorously, that you neither

capiamini, et illi sint frustra.
may be taken, [ensnared,] and they may be in-vain (disappointed).

A

Fui ita a& pueritid ad hoc eetatis, ut
I have been so from boyhood to this (period) of age, that

habeam omnes labores, pericula consueta.

I may have all labours, dangers accustomed. [That I am

Est non consilium,
accustomed to all labours and dangers.] It is not (my) design,
Quirites, uti que faciebam ante vestra
Romans, that what (things) I did do [before] (as) your

beneficia gratuito,
benefits gratuitously, [before I received any reward from you,’

22Se en he eee oe a ees + .

eres opeihohepareiapnerquanpeatat «! ehetelet

epee eee ee eee

254 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

deseram ea, mercede  accepta. Est difficile

Imay desert those, areward being received. It is difficult
illis temperare in potestatibus,

for those to govern in authorities, [to act with moderation ir

qui simulavére sese probos per
power,] who have pretended themselves honest through

ambitionem; ~ vertit in naturam jam ex
ambition ; it has turned _into nature now from

consuetudine mihi benefacere, qui egi omnem
custom forme to act-well, who have acted (spent) all

ztatem in optumis artibus. Jussistis
(my) age in the best arts [pursuits]. You have ordered
me gerere bellum cum Jugurtha; quam rem
me to carry-on the war with Jugurtha; which thing
nobilitas tulit sgerrumé. Reputate, queso, cum
the nobility has borne most-hardly. Consider, I pray, with
vestris animis, num sit melius id mutari, si
your minds, whether it may be better that tobe changed, if

mittatis quem ex illo globo nobilitatis ad hoe,
ye may send any out-of that band of the nobility to this,

aut aliud tale negotium, hominem veteris prosapiee,

or other such business, a man of old stock,
ac multarum imaginum, et nullius  stipendii;
and of many statues, and of no

military-service ;
scilicet ut in tanté re, ignarus omnium
forsooth that in so-great an affair, ignorant of all (things),

trepidet, festinet, sumat aliquem monitorem
he may tremble, may hurry, may take some

admonisher
sui officli ex populo. Evenit ita plerumque;
of his duty out-of the people. It has happened so generally ;
ut is, quem vos jussistis Imperare,  querat
that he, whom you have ordered to command, may seek
alium imperatorem  sibi. At ego scio, Quirites,
another commander for himself. But I know, Romans,

qui postquam facti-sunt consules, coeperint
{those) who after-that they were made consuls, may have begun

legere acta Majorum, et militaria
to read the deeds of (their) ancestors, and the militarySALLUSTII JUGURTHA. oe

precepta Grecorum; prezposteri homines! Nam

precepts of the Greeks; the preposterous men ! For
est posterius tempore, prius re atque usu,
it is later in time, (but) sooner infact and _ experience,
genere quam fieri.

to carry-on (an office) than to be made (an officer). [Qualifications

and experience ought to precede the election of any one to the consul-

Comparate me
ship, if it is to be advantageous to the republic. ] Compare me

nunc, Quirites, novum hominem, cum _ superbia
now, Romans, a new man, with the pride

illorum. Que ili solent audire et legere,
of them. What (things) they are accustomed to hear and to read,

egomet vidi partem eorum; gessl alia ;
I-myself have seen part of them; I have carried-on others;
que illi litteris ego  didici ea

what they (have learned) by letters I have learned those (things)

militando. Nunc existumate vos facta an
by serving-in-war. Now think ye (whether) deeds. or

dicta sint  pluris. Contemnunt meam
words may be of more (value). They despise my

novitatem, ego, ignaviam illorum. Fortuna
newness (obscurity), I, theinactivity of them. (My) fortune

mihi, probra objectantur illis.
(is objected) to me, (their) disgraces are objected to them.

Quamgquam 23° existumo naturam omnium unam et
Although think the nature of all one and

communem, sed quemgue fortissumum
common, but (I think) each bravest (man)

generosissumum. Ac si posset jam  queri
the most-noble. And if it might be-able now to be inquired

ex patribus Albini aut Bestize, ne
from the fathers of Albinus or of Bestia, whether

maluerint me an illos gigni ex se;
they may have-rather me _ or them to be begotten of themselves;

quid creditis responsuros, nisi, Bese
what believe ye (them) about-to-answer, unless, themselves

asf .
ee ks TTS eee ofits ks

Eye a 30 7s Dy gp etaeiet ere ere”
2) na Sa abtk nem aand
a

FART ‘
AP PeRR By 75:
Stade atSener rer ene erred ele ia

ee ee

256 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

voluisse liberos, quam optumos? Quod
to have willed children, as the best (the best possible)? But

si despiciunt me jure; faciant idem suis
if they despise me byright; let themdo thesame to their

majoribus; quibus nobilitas coepit ex virtute,
ancestors ; to whom (their) nobility has begun out-of valour,

uti mihi. Invident meo honorl; ergo invideant
as tome. Theyenvy tomy honour; therefore let them envy

labori, innocentis, meis periculis etiam;

to (my) labour, integrity, to my dangers also ;
quoniam cepi_ illum per hee. Verum

since I have received that (honour) by _ these. But (those)
homines corrupti superbia agunt eetatem

men corrupted _ by pride act (spend) age [their life]
ita, quasi contemnant vestros honores ;
60, as-if they may despise [asif they despised] your honours ;
petunt hos, quasi vixerint honeste.

they seek these (honours), as-if they may have lived honourably.
Ne illi sunt falsi, qui expectant pariter

Truly they are deceived, who expect equally
diversissumas res, voluptatem ignavie, et
the most-different things, the pleasure of inactivity, and

premia virtutis. Atque etiam cum faciunt verba

the rewards of valour. And also when they make words
apud vos aut in senatu,
among you [when they speak before you] or in the senate,

extollunt suos majores pleraque oratione; putant
they praise their ancestors in most-of the speech; they think

sese clariores memorando fortia facta eorum;
themselves more-illustrious by recording the brave deeds of them;

quod est contra. Nam quanto vita
which is on-the-contrary. For by how-much the life

illorum preclarior, tanto socordia horum
of them (was) more-illustrious, by so-much the indolence of these (is)

flagitiosior. Et profectd res  habet se _ ita:
more-criminal. And truly the thing has itself thus:

gloria majorum est quasi lumen posteris,
the glory of ancestors is as-if alight to (their) posterities,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 257

neque patitur bona neque mala eorum
nor suffers the good nor evil (qualities) of them (to remain}

in occulto. Ego, Quirites, patior inopiam hujusce
,

in secret. Romans, suffer the want of this
rel. Verum licet mihi
thing. [Of having illustrious ancestors. ] But it is-lawful for me
direre meamet facta, id quod est multo preclarius.
to say myown deeds, that which is by much more-illustrious.
Nune videte quam iniqui _ sint. Quod
Now Bee how unjust they may be (they are). What
arrogant sibi ex aliend virtute, concedunt
they assume to themselves from others’ valour, they grant
non id mihi ex mea; _scilicet, quia habeo
not that tome out-of my-own; forsooth, because I have
non imagines, et quia nova nobilitas est
not images (statues), and because a new nobility is
mihi; quam certé est meliis peperisse quam
forme; which surely itis better to have produced than
corrupisse acceptam. Equidem ego ignoro non,
to have spoiled (it) received. Indeed I amignorant not,
Sl velint jam respondere mihi, orationem
if they may will now to answer to me, a speech
abundé facundam et compositam fore
abundantly eloquent and composed (laboured) to be about-to-be
illis. Sed, cim in vestro
to them. [Will be at their command.] But, when [amidst your
maxumo benificio lacerent me que vos
most ample favour | they may tear (theyrevile) me and you
maledictis omnibus locis, placuit non reticere,
with reproaches in all places, it has pleased (me) not to be-silent,
ne quis duceret modestiam in conscientiam.
lest any-one might lead (construct) moderation into consciousness
Nam quidem nulla oratio potest ledere me, ex
For indeed no speech is-able to injure me, according-t
pententia mei animi. Quippe, est necesse vera
the opinion of my mind. Because, itis necessary a true (speech)
preedicet bené; vita que mei

may declare well; [must speak well of me;] (my) life and my

22 *Ne ee een nee nnn ee eet el ea nee oot tell ‘ en ee ee ee
dh stead meal ~

258 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

mores superant falsam. Sed quoniam
manners overcome (are above) a false (one). But since

vestra consilia accusantur, qui imposuistis

your counsels are accused, who _ have placed (conferred)
summum honorem et maxumum negotium mihi ;
the highest honour and _ the greatest business to(on) me;
reputate etiam atque etiam num id
revolve also and also {again and again) whether that

sit poenitendum. Possum non ostentare imagines
may be to-be-repented. ITam-able not to display statues

neque triumphos aut consulatus meorum majorum

nor triumphs or the consulships of my ancestors

caussa fidei ;

by cause (for the sake) of faith (proof); [in order to obtain your confi-
a sh Tes postulet hastas,

dence;] but if thething may require (I can display) spears,

vexillum, phaleras, alia militaria dona, praterea

a standard, trappings, other military gifts, besides
cicatrices advorso corpore. He sunt mex
scars in opposite (front) body. These are my
imagines, heec nobilitas, non  relicta

statues, this (my) nobility, not left [to me]

hereditate, ut illa illis, sed que ego quesivi
by inheritance, as those tothem, but which I have sought

meis plurimis laboribus et periculis. Mea verba
by my very-many labours and dangers. My words

sunt non composita ;

are not composed; [they say my language is not polished;]
facio id parvi; virtus ipsa ostendit
I make (regard) that of little (consequence); virtue herself shows
se satis ; est opus  illis artificio uti

herself sufficiently; there is need to them with (of) artifice that

tegant turpla facta oratione. Neque  didici

they may cover shameful deeds _ by speech. Nor  havelLlearned
Grecas litteras. Placebat parum dicere
Greek letters (literature). It did please (me) little to learn
eas, quippe que profuerunt nihil

those (letters), forsooth which profited nothing to (their!SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 259

doctoribus ad virtutem. At
teachers to valour. [To make them brave men.] But

doctus-sum illa multo optuma reipublice ;
I have been taught those (things) by much _ the best for the state ;
ferire hostem, agitare presidia, metuere
to strike anenemy, to agitate (mount) guards, to fear
nihil, nisi turpem famam; pati hiemem et
nothing, unless a base character; to suffer winter and

estatem juxta; requiescere humi; tolerare inopiam
summer alike ; to rest on the ground; to endure want

et laborem eodem tempore. Ego hortabor milites
and labour in the same time, IE will exhort the soldiers

his preeceptis; neque colam_ illos arcté,
by these precepts; neither shall I treat them strictly (parsimo-

me opulenter; neque faciam  laborem
niously), myself richly; nor shall I make the labour

illorum meam gloriam. Hoc est utile, hoc  civile

of them my glory. This is useful, this  citizen-like
imperium. Namque, cum tute agas per
authority. For, when thou-thyself mayest act by
mollitiem, cogere exercitum
softness (remissness), [in luxury and indulgence,] to force an army

supplicio, id est esse dominum,
by punishment, [to perform its duties,] that is to be a despot,
non imperatorem. Vestri majores, faciundo hee
not a commander. Your ancestors, by doing these
atque talia, celebravére que se que
and like (things), have distinguished both themselves and

rempublicam. Quis nobilitas freta, ipsa dissimilis
the state. On whom the nobility relying, itself unlike

moribus, contemnit nos zmulos illorum; et repetit
in manners, despises us therivals of them; and seeks

omnes honores non ex merito, sed quasi debitos
all honours not according-to merit, but  as-if due

a vobis. Cseterim superbissumi homines errant
(from you]. But these most-haughty men mistake

procu’. Majores eorum reliquére illis omnia, —
far. The ancestors of them left to them all (things)PO eS ee ee er eer re

1 peter ete het ctl et ni lating peg lyre eit tien tenement

260 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

que licebat, divitias, imagines, preclaram
which it was-lawful, riches, statues, an illustrious
memoriam sibi ; reliquére non virtutem;
memory of themselves; they have left not virtue ;

neque poterant: ea sola neque datur neque
nor were they able: that alone neither is given nor

accipitur dono. Aiunt me sordidum et
is received by gift. They say me (to be) mean and

incultis moribus; quia exorno § convivium
with uncultivated manners ; because I adorn a banquet

parum scite; neque habeo ullum histrionem neque
little skilfully; neither have I any buffoon nor

coquum pluris pretii quam villicum: que
cook of more price than (my) steward: which (charges)

lubet mihi, Quirites, confiteri. Nam  accepi
it pleases to me, Romans, to confess. For I have received

ita, et ex meo parente et ex aliis sanctis
(heard) so, both from my _ parent and from’ other reverend

viris, munditias convenire mulieribus, laborem viris,

men, refinements to suit to women, labour to men,
que plus gloriz quam divitiarum oportere esse
and more of glory than of riches to behove (ought) to be
omnibus bonis: arma, non supellectilem, esse

to all good (men): arms, not furniture, to be
decori. Quin, ergo, faciant id semper quod
for ornament.. But, therefore, let them do that always which
juvat, quod estumant carum: ament,
delights (them), which they value dear: let them love,

potent: ubi habuére adolescentiam, bi
let them drink: where they have had (their) youth, there

agant senectutem, in conviviis, dediti
let them act (spend) old-age, in banquets, devoted

ventri, et turpissime parti corporis; relinquant
to the belly, and to the basest part of the body; let them leave

sudorem, pulverem, et alia talia nobis, quibug
sweat, dust, and other such (things) tous, to whom
illa sunt jucundiora epulis. Vertim est

those (things) are more-pleasant (than) feasts. But it isSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 261

non ita. Nam ubi turpissimi viri dedecoravére

not so. For when the basest men have disgraced
se omnibus flagitiis, eunt ereptum premia
themselves with all infamies, they go to snatch-away the rewards

bonorum. Ita luxuria et ignavia, pessume artes,

of the good. Thus luxury and indolence, the worst arts

injustissimé officiunt nihil illis, qui

(qualities), most-unjustly injure nothing to those, who
coluére eas ; sunt cladi innoxize

have cultivated them ; they are for destruction to the innocent

reipublice. Nunc quoniam respondi illis,

state. Now since I have answered to them,

quantum mei mores, non flagitia illorum

as-much-as my manners, not the infamies of them
poscebant; loquar pauca de —_ republica.
did require ; I shall speak afew (words) concerning the state,

Primum omnium, Quirites, habete bonum animum

First of all, Romans, have a good mind
de Numidia; nam removistis omnia
(spirit) concerning Numidia; for you have removed all (things)

que tutata-sunt Jugurtham ad hoc tempus,
which have protected Jugurtha to _ this time, (viz.)

avaritiam, imperitiam, superbiam. Deinde exercitus
avarice, unskilfulness, pride. Then the army

ibi, est sciens locorum,
there, is knowing of the places, [acquainted with the loealities,]

sed mehercule magis strenuus quam felix: nam
but by-Hercules more brave than fortunate: for

magna pars ejus  attrita-est avaritia aut
a great part of it has been wasted __ by the avarice or

temeritate ducum. Quamobrem, vos, quibus
by the rashness of the commanders. Wherefore, you, to whom

militaris stas est, adnitimini mecum, et capessite

a military age is, strive with me, and_ take-in-hand
rempublicam; neque metus ceperit

the state ; neither fear may have taken (let-it-take)
quemquam ex

any-one [neither let fear take possession of any one] fromer eT ee ee Tw ae

ee ee ee

262 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

calamitate aliorum, aut superbia imperatorum.
the misfortune of others, or from the pride of-commanders,

Egomet adero  vobiscum in agmine, idem
I-myself shall be-present with you on the march, the same (your)

consultor in prelio, et | socius __ periculi

adviser in battle, and thecompanion of the danger [with you];
ue geram me que vos juxta in omnibus
and JIshallconduct myself and you alike’ in all

rebus. Et profecto, dius juvantibus, omnia

things. And truly, the gods assisting, all (things)
sunt matura, victoria preeda, laus: si que

are ripe, victory booty, praise: if which (things)
essent dubia, aut procul, tamen, decet omnes
might be (were) doubtful, or far-off, yet, it becomes all
ponos subvenire reipublice. Etenim nemo
good (men) to aid to the state. For no-one

factus (est) immortalis ignavid: neque quisquam
has been made immortal by indolence: nor any

parens optavit liberis, uti forent seterni;
parent has wished for (his) children, that they might be everlasting ;

magis uti exigerent vitam boni que honesti.
rather that theymightspend life (as) good and honest(men).

Dicerem plura, Quirites, si verba adderent virtutem
Iwould say more, Romans, if words might add valour

timidis: nam puto abundé dictum strenuis.’’
to the fearful : for I think abundantly said for the brave.”

Oratione hujuscemodi habita, postquam Marius

A speech of this-kind being held, after-that Marius
videt animos plebis arrectos, onerat naves
sees the minds of the common-people roused, heloads ships

properé commeatu, stipendio, armis, que  aliis
speedily with provision, with pay, with arms, and with other

utilibus : jubet A. Manlium, legatum,

useful (things): he orders Aulus Manlius, (his) lieutenant,

proficisci cum his. Ipse, interea, scribere
to set-out with these. Himself, (began) meanwhile, to write (levy)

milites, non more majorum, neque ex
soldiers, not in the manner of (our) ancestors, nor according-teSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 263
classibus, sed uti libido cujusque erat,
classes (tribes), but as  thedesire’ of every-one Was,
plerosque censos capite.
most (of them) registered by the head (nominal citizens). [Most

Alii
of them were of the sixth or poorest class of citizens. | Others
memorabant id factum (esse) inopia bonorum,

did relate that to have been done from want of good (men),
ali per ambitionem consulis ; quod
others through the ambition cf the consul ; because

celebratus-erat que auctus ab eo genere;
he had been distinguished and increased by that kind (of people) ;

because he owed his reputation and advancement to office principally to

et quisque egentissumus

that class of people;] and every most-needy (person) (was)
opportunissumus homini querenti potentiam; cui
most-suitable toaman seeking power; to whom
sua sunt neque cure, quippe nulla
his-own (things) are neither foracare, because (he has) none
quee, et omnia videntur honesta cum
which (exist), and all (things) seem honourable with
pretio. Igitur, Marius profectus in
a price (reward). Therefore, Marius having set-out into

Africam cum majore numero aliquanto quam
Africa with a greater number by something than

decretum-erat, advehitur Uticam paucis  diebus.
had been decreed, is borne to Utica ina few days.

Exercitus traditur ei a P. Rutilio legato.
The army is delivered-up tohim by Publius Rutilius the lieutenant.

Nam Metellus fugerat conspectum Marii; ne

For Metellus had avoided the sight of Marius; lest
videret ea que  audita animus
he might see those (things) which being heard (his) mind

nequiverat tolerare. Sed consul, legionibus que
had been unable to endure. But theconsul, thelegions and
auxiliariis cohortibus expletis, proficiscitur in
auxiliary cohorts being filled-up, sets-out inte

er
=
S
mai
=
ey
5
fs
;chien beget omgnemnnyn illest internets

Sect

a a et or) on mic mide aniienindndenecnen mien endian mannieiiiediiaal

264 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

fertilem agrum, et onustum prada. Donat
a fertile land, and loaded with booty. He presentc
omnia capta ibi  militibus: dein aggreditur
all (things) taken there tothe soldiers: then he attacks

castella et oppida parum munita natura et viris:
the castles and towns little fortified by nature and by men:

facere multa prelia, czterim alia levia

(he began) to make many battles, but other light (ones)
aliis locis. Interim, novi milites
in other (different) places. Mean-time, the new soldiers (began)

adesse pugne sine metu; videre fugientes capi

to be-present to battle without fear; to see the fleeing to be taken
aut occidi; quemgue fortissumum tutissumum :
or to be slain ; every bravest (man) the safest :

libertatem, patriam, que parentes, et omnia alia

liberty, country, and parents, and all other

tegl armis: gloriam atque divitias

(things) to be protected by arms: glory and riches
queerl. Sic brevi  spatio,

to be sought (acquired) [thereby]. Thus inashort space (time),

novi que veteres coaluére, et virtus omnium
the new and_ the old (soldiers) coalesced, and the valour of all

facta (est) equalis. At ubi reges cognoverunt de
was made equal. But when the kings knew of

adventu. Mari, abeunt diversi in difficiles
the arrival of Marius, they depart different (apart) into difficult

locos. Ita, placuerat Jugurthe, speranti hostes
places. Thus, it had pleased to Jugurtha, hoping the enemies

mox effusos, posse invadi; Romanos, sicuti
by-and-by scattered, to be-able to be attacked; the Romans, S0-as
plerosque, metu remoto, futuros laxilis
most (persons), fear being removed, about-to-be more-remiss!y
que licentitis. Interea, Metellus  profectus
and more-licentiously. Mean-time, Metellus having set-out
Romam, accipitur letissumis animis contra suam
to Rome, is received with most-joyful minds against his
spem: juxta carus plebi que patribus

hope: equally dear tothe common-people and_ to the fathersSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 265

postquam invidia decesserat. Sed Marius

after-that the odium had departed. But Marius (began)
attendere pariter impigré que prudenter res

to observe equally actively and prudently the affairs
suorum et hostium: cognoscere quid boni
of his-own (men) and of the enemies: to know what of good

esset utrisque, aut contra:  explorare  itinera

might be to each, or otherwise: to reconnoitre the routes
regum, antevenire consilia et insidias
of the kings, to come-before (prevent) the designs and snares

eorum: pati nihil remissum apud se, neque

of them: toallow nothing negligent with himself, nor
tutum apud illos. Itaque, ageressus
safe with them [the kings]. Therefore, having attacked
sepée et  Getulos et Jugurtham agentes

often both the Getuli and Jugurtha acting (driving)
predas ex nostris sociis, fuderat itinere,
booties from our allies, he had routed (them) on the march,

que exuerat regem ipsum haud procul ab
and had stripped _the king himself not far from

Cirta armis.
Cirta from (of his) arms. [Compelled him to fly with loss of arms. |

Quee postquam cognovit modo gloriosa,
Which (things) after-that he knew (tobe) only glorious,

neque belli patrandi, statult
nor (a means) of the war to-be-accomplished, he determined

circumvenire _— singulas urbes, que  erant
to surround each-of the cities, which were

opportunissume viris, aut loco pro hostibus,
most-convenient in men, or in place (situation) for the enemies,

et advorsum se; ita Jugurtham aut
and against himself; thus. Jugurtha either (would be)

nudatum preesidiis, si pateretur ea, —
stripped from (of) the garrisons, if he should suffer those (things),

° XY e
aut certaturum prelio. Nam Bocchus sepé miserat
or  about-to-contend in battle. For Bocchus often had sent

nuncios ad eum, “ velle amicitiam

messengers ‘o him, “to will (saying, that he wished] the friendship

23cnitinibneteinimintnionnninl plein

nee a ee ey
NEE Nee ee eee ee eee ene ee ein ee eee pe el

266 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

Romani _ populi, ne-timeret quid
of the Roman people, (that) it might not-fear any (thing}

hostile ab se.” Exploratum-est pariim, ne
hostile from himself.’ It has been discovered little, whether

simulaverit id, quo improvisus
he may have pretended that, in-order-that (being) unexpected

accederet gravior, an mobilitate § ingenii,
he might come-on more-heavy, or from fickleness of disposition,

solitus mutare pacem atque bellum. Sed
being accustomed _to change peace and war. But

consul adire oppida que munita castella,
the consul (began) to approach the towns and, fortified castles,

uti statuerat; avortere alia partim — vi,
as he had determined; to turn-away (alienate) others partly by force,

alia metu, aut ostentando premia ab hostibus.

others by fear, or by displaying rewards from the enemy.
Ac primo gerebat = mediocria, existumans
And at-first he did carry-on moderate (things), thinking
Jugurtham venturum in manus ob

Jugurtha about-to-come into (his) hands on-account-of

tutandos suos.
protecting his-own (people). [Would come in his power, by being forced

Sed ubi  accepit illum
to protect his own people. } But when he received (heard) him
abesse procul, et intentum aliis negotiis,
to be-distant far, and intent to (on) other affairs,
visum-est tempus aggredi majora et magis aspera.
it seemed time to attempt greater and more rough

Krat magnum atque valens
(difficult things). There was a great and _— prevailing (powerful)
oppidum, nomine Capsa, inter ingentes solitudines ;
town, by name Capsa, among great

deserts ;
conditor cujus memorabatur Libys Hercules,
the founder of which was recorded [to be] the Libyan Hercules,

Cives cejus hapebantur immunes apud Jugurtham,
The citizens of it were held free with Jugurtha,
levi imperio, et fidelissumi ob ea:
(under) light government, and most faithful on-account-of those (things)SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 267

muniti advorsum hostes, non modo meenibus, et

fortified against enemies, not only by walls, and

armis, atque viris, verum etiam multo magis

oy arms, and by men, but also by-much more
asperitate locorum. Nam preter

by the roughness (difficulty) of the places. For except (the places,

propinqua oppido, omnia vasta, inculta,

near to the town, all (were) desert, uncultivated,

egentia aque, infesta serpentibus, vis quarum
wanting of water, infested by serpents, the violence of which (is)

acrior inopia cibi, sicuti omnium ferarum: ad
more-sharp fromwant of food,  so-as of all wild-beasts: to
hoc, natura ipsa serpentium perniciosa,
this (besides), the nature itself of serpents (being) destructive,
accenditur magis siti quam ala 56,
is inflamed more by thirst than by (any) other thing.

Maxima cupido potiundi jus invaserat
A very-great desire of possessing of it [Capsa] had seized

Marium, cim  propter usum belli,
Marius, as-well on-account-of the use (convenience) of the war,

tum quia res  videbatur aspera: et
then (as) because the thing did seem rough: (arduous): and

Metellus ceperat oppidum Thalam magna gloria,
Metellus had taken the town Thala with great glory,

situm que munitum haud dissimiliter; nisi quod

situate and fortified not differently ; unless that

aliquot fontes erant non longé a meenibus apud

some fountains were not far from the walls at
Thalam: Capsenses utebantur una jugi
Thala : the Capsenses did use one continual (ever-flowing)
aqua modo, atque ea intra
[one never-failing spring of] water only, and that within
. e A
oppidum, cxtera pluvia. Id
the town, the rest [they used was] rain (water). That
tolerabatur facilits, e0, que ibi et in omni
was endured more easily, therefore, both there and in all
Africa, que agebat incultiis procul a mari,
Africa, which did act (live) more-rudely far from the sea,= eee Se
obit bepeenameeen sempre temas faje jnkede tages te fw je Mh

de perrenretenate? «state!
hala Pitti minnerapienigniecnic gui tllipienpigtiich olay aie
ee ee ee atid

268 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

quia Numide vescebantur plerumque lacte
because the Numidians did feed generally with (on) milk

et feria carne, neque querebant salem, neque

and with wild flesh, nor did they seek salt, nor

alia irritamenta  gule. Cibus erat  illis

other incitements of the throat (luxury). Food was to them

advorsum famem atque sitim, non lubidini neque
against © hunger and thirst, not for pleasure ner

luxurie. Igitur, omnibus exploratis, consul,
for luxury. Therefore, all (things) being reconnoitred, the consul,

credo, fretus Diis (ad/.), nam  poterat non
I believe, relying on the Gods, for he was-able not

providere satis contra tantas difficultates consilio:
to provide sufficiently against so-great difficulties by counsel:

quippe tentabatur etiam inopia  frumenti,

because he was tried [threatened] also with want of corn,

quod Numidze student pabulo  pecoris magis
because the Numidians study for the food of eattle

quam arvo,
than for the land, [because the Numidians are more occupied with

more

et contulerant jussu regis
sattle, than with tillage,] and they had carried [by order of the king]

in munita loca quodcunque natum-fuerat: autem

into fortified places whatsoever had been produced: but
ager aridus, et vacuus frugum e4 tempestate ;
the land (was) dry, and empty of fruits in that time ;
nam erat extremum estatis; tamen, exornat
for it was the last of summer; however, he furnishes (himself)
providenter satis pro copia rel:
providently enough according-to the opportunity of the thing:
attribuit omne pecus, quod fuerat pred
he assigns all the cattle, which had been _ for booty
superioribus diebus, agendum auxiliaribus
in the former days, to-be-acted (driven) by the auxiliary
equitibus; jubet A. Manlium, legatum, ire
horsemen ; he orders Aulus Manlius, (his) lieutenant, to ge

cum expeditis cohortibus ad oppidum Laris,  ubi

with the light-armed cohorts to thetown of Laris, whereSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

locaverat stipendium et commeatum: que dicit se
he had placed pay and provision : and he says himself

venturum eddem, predabundum, post paucos
about-to-come to the game (place), plundering, after a few

dies. Sic suo incepto occultato, pergit ad
days. Thus his undertaking being concealed, he proceeds to

flumen Tanam. Ceetertim distribuerat quotidie in
the river Tana. But he had distributed daily on

itinere pecus exercitui per centurias, item squaliter
the march cattle tothe army by hundreds, also regularly

turmas ;
(by) companies; [by companies of infantry, and proportionably by troops
et curabat, uti utres fierent ex
of cavalry ;] and did take-care, that bladders might be made out-of
coriis : simul, et lenire inopiam frumenti,
hides: at-the-same-time, both to mitigate the want of corn,

et omnibus ignaris, parare que forent mox
and all (being) ignorant, to prepare what might be by-and-by

usui: denique, cim ventum-est ad flumen  sexto
for use: finally, when itwascome to theriver in the sixth

die, maxuma Vis utrium effecta (est). Ibi

day, avery-great force (quantity) of bladders was completed. There

castris positis levi munimento, jubet milites
the camps being placed with a slight defence, he orders the soldiers

capere cibum, atque esse paratos, uti egrederentur
to take food, and to be prepared, that they should go-out

cum occasu solis; omnibus sarcinis abjectis,
with the setting of the sun; all the baggages being cast-away,

onerare que se et  jumenta modd aqua.

to load both themselves and the beasts-of-burden only with water.

Dein, postquam tempus visum (est), egreditur
Then, after-that the time seemed (fit), he goes-out

que itinere facto totam noctem,

castris ;
and the march being made the whole night,

from the camps 5
consedit : facit idem proxuma. Dein
neamped): he does the same onthenext. Afterwards

pervenit tertia, multo ante adventum
he arrived on the third (day), by much before the coming

he sat-down (eatihadier Wepepermmimimgparvane ts Gilje niet iabete rates

Lee nee ee ee nnn ne ee ee oe a

270 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

lucis, in tumulosum locum, intervallo non
ef light (day), into a hilly place, in an interval (of) not

amplits dufiim millium ab Caps&; que opperitur
more (than) of two miles from Capsa; and waits

ibi quam-occultissume potest cum omnibus  copiis.

there as-secretly-as he is able with all the forces.
Sed ubi dies coepit, et multi Numide, metuentes
But when day began, and many Numidians, fearing
nihil hostile, egressi(sunt) oppido, jubet repent
nothing hostile, came-out from the town, he orders suddenly
omnem equitatum et velocissumos pedites tendere
al] the cavalry and the swiftest infantry to proceed
cursu ad Capsam, et obsidere portas: deinde,
in a race (haste) to Capsam, and toblock-up the gates: afterwards,
ipse intentus Sequi properé, neque sinere
himself prepared (began) to follow speedily, nor to permit

milites preedare. Que, postquam

[nor did he permit] the soldiers to plunder. Which (things), after-that
oppidani cognovere, trepide res, ingens metus,

the townsmen knew, the fearful things, great fear,
Improvisum malum, ad hoc pars civium
an unforeseen evil, to this (besides) part of the citizens

extra mocenia in potestate hestium, coégere
without the walls in the power of the enemies, compelled (them)

uti facerent deditionem. Czeterum oppidum
that they should make a surrender. But the town
incensum (est); puberes Numide interfecti; omnes
was set-on-fire ; the adult Numidians killed ; all
ali1 venumdati; preda divisa  militibus. Id
the others sold; the booty divided to the soldiers. That
facinus contra jus belli admissum (est) non
crime against the right (law) of war was committed not
avaritia, neque scelere consulis; sed quia
from avarice, nor by the wickedness of the consul; but because
Jocus opportunus Jugurthe, difficilig aditu
the place (was) convenient for Jugurtha, difficult in access
nobis: genus hominum mobile, infidum
to us: the kind of men (was) fickle, faithless,SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 271

coércitum anté neque beneficio neque metu.
restrained before neither by kindness nor by fear

Postquam Marius, magnus et clarus  anted,
After-that Marius, great and illustrious before,

patravit tantam rem sine ullo incommode

accomplished so-great athing without any inconvenience
suorum, coepit haberi major atque
of his-own (troops), he began to be accounted _ greater and
clarior : omnia non bene consulta
more-illustrious : all (things) not well planned
trahebantur in virtutem. Milites _habiti
were drawn (construed) into valour. The soldiers held
modesto imperio, et simul locupletes,
in moderate authority, and at-the-same-time wealthy, (began)
ferre ad coelum; Numide timere

to bear (extol him) to heaven; the Numidians (began) to fear (him)

magis quam mortalem ; postremd, omnes socil atque

more than mortal ; lastly, all the allies and
hostes credere, aut divinam mentem esse ill, aut
enemies to believe, either a divine mind to be to him, or
cuncta portendi nutu  deorum.

all (things) to be foreboded by the nod of the gods. [By the will of

Sed, ubi ea res evenit bene, consul
the gods.] But, when that thing happened well, the consul

pergit ad alia oppida: capit pauca, Numidis

proceeds to other towns: he takes afew, the Numidians
repugnantibus; corrumpit ign plura_ deserta
resisting ; destroys by fire more deserted
propter miserias  Capsensium: omnia
on-account-of the misfortunes of the Capsenses: all (things)
complentur luctu atque cede. Denique,
are filled with mourning and with slaughter. Finally,
potitus  multis locis, (abl.) ac plerisque
having possessed many places, and most (of them
‘neruento exercitu, aggreditur aliam rem, non
with » bloodless army, he attempts another thing, not
eadem asperitate qua Capensium,

with the same roughness (danger) with which (the affair) of the Capsensesaero ee ee)

Pee ee tee. ee

ee ee

ee ee eee a a

272 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

ceterum haud_ secus dificilem. Namque hand
but not otherwise (less) difficult. For not
longé & flumine Mulucha, quod disjungebat regnum
far from the river Mulucha, which did separate the kingdom

Jugurthe que Bocchi, erat saxeus mons inter
of Jugurtha and of Bocchus, there was a stony mountain between

ceeteram planitiem, satis patens,
the rest-of [in the midst of ] a plain, sufficiently opening (wide),

mediocri castello, editus in-immensum, uno
[on top,] with a moderate castle, elevated immensely,

one

perangusto aditu relicto: nam omnis natura
very-narrow approach being left: for all the nature (of the
(erat) preeceps, velut opere atque consulto.
place) was steep, as-if by work and by design.

Quem locum Marius intendit capere summ4
Which place Marius resolves to take with the highest (utmost)

vi, quod thesauri regis erant ibi: sed ea res
force, because the treasures of the king were there: but that thing

gesta (est) melius forte qudm consilio. Nam
was carried-on better by chance than by counsel. For

satis magna vis virorum atque
(there was) a sufficiently great force of men and

armorum, et frumenti castello, et fons aque,
of arms, and of corn in the castle, and a fountain of water,

locus importunus aggeribus que turribus, et  aliis
the place troublesome by ramparts and by towers, and by other

machinationibus ;
engines ; [the place unfit for mounds and towers, and other engines of war;]

iter castellanorum admodim angustum,
the road of the castle-defenders very narrow,
precisum utrimque: vines agebantur

cut-across on-either-side: mantelets

were acted (put in motion)

frustra cum ingenti periculo. Nam cum

ex
in-vain with great danger. For

when those
processerant paulld, corrumpebantur igni

aut
had advanced a little, they were destroyed by fire or
lapidibus: milites neque consistere pro
by stones: the soldiers (were able) neither to stand beforeSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 973

opere, propter iniquitatem loci; neque
the work, on-account-of the unevenness of the place; nor

administrare inter vineas sine periculo: quisque

to manage between the mantelets without danger: every
optumus cadere aut sauciari; metus
beat (man) (continued) to fall or to be wounded; fear

augeri ceteris. At Marius, multis diebus et
to be increased tothe rest. But Marius, many days and
Jaboribus consumptis, anxius trahere
labours being wasted, solicitous (began) to draw (ponder)
cum suo animo, ne omitteret inceptum,
with his mind, whether he should omit the undertaking,
quoniam erat frustra; an opperiretur fortunam,
since it was in-vain; or he should wait-for fortune,
qua (ab/.) usus-fuerat seepé prosperé.
which he had used (experienced) often successfully.
Que, ~* cum estuans, agitaret

Which (things), when boiling (perplexed), he might (did) deliberate

multos dies que noctes, quidam Ligus, gregarius-miles
many days and nights, acertain Ligurian, a common-soldier

ex auxiliariis cohortibus, egressus castris
out-of the auxiliary cohorts, having gone-out from the camps

aquatum, animadvertit cochleas repentes inter
to water, perceived snails creeping among

saxa, aud procul ab latere castelli, quod erat
the stones, not far from the side of the castle, which was

avorsum preliantibus ; quarum cum
turned-away from (those) fighting ; of which [snails] when

eteret unam atque alteram, dein plures,
he might (did) seek one and another, then more,

studio legundi, egressus-est paullatim propé ad
from a desire of gathering, he went by-degrees nearly to

summum montis. Ubi, postquam intellexit
the highest (point) of the mountain. Where, _after-that he perceived

solitudinem, vortit animum
a desert, {deserted place, | he turned (conceived) a mind

visundi ignara more humans cupidinis.
of going-to-see unknown (things) in the manner of human desire.or

Fe ae re eee toe

a

$f penenteroy bee trent tun tne ene ih tenemos erie <-penitllivcn tinin at ite epee tenet a? «4%

974 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

Et fort8 grandis ilex  coaluerat in eo loco
And bychance a large holm-oak had grown-up in that place

inter saxa, modo paullulum prona, dein
among therocks, now (in part) a little bent, then
inflexa, atque aucta in altitudinem, qué natura
curved, and increased into height, whither nature
‘ert cuncta gignentium ; rams cujus
carries all of growing (things); to the branches of which
modo, nisus, modo eminentibus § saxis,
one-time, having leaned, one-time to the projecting rocks,
Ligus _ perscribit planitiem castelli; quod
the Ligurian writes-out (observes) the plain of the castle; because
cuncti Numide aderant intenti preeliantibus.
all the Numidians were-present intent to (those) fighting.
Omnibus exploratis quae  ducebat
All (things) being examined which he did lead (deem)
fore usui mox, regreditur eddem,

to be about-to-be for use by-and-by, he returns by the same (way),

non temere, uti ascenderat, sed tentans et
not rashly, as he had ascended, but trying and

circumspiciens omnia. Itaque adit Marium
looking-round-on all (things). Therefore he goes-to Marius

properé ; edocet acta; hortatur “‘ tentet
quickly ; informs (the things) done ; exhorts (that) ‘he may attempt

castellum ab ef parte, quad  ipse ascenderat
the castle from that part, by which himself had ascended

castellum; pollicetur sese ducem itineris que

the castle ; he promises himself the guide of thejourney and
periculi.” Marius misit ex
of the danger.” Marius sent (some) out-of (those)
presentibus cum Ligure cognitum promissa
present with the Ligurian to know the promises
ejus; quorum uti ingenium cujusque erat, ita
of him; of whom as the disposition of each was, so
nunciavére rem difficilem aut facilem. ‘amen
they announced the thing difficult or easy. However
animus consulis paullum arrectus. Itaque

the mind of the consul (was) a little excited. ThereforeSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

 

275

delegit ex copia tubicinum et cornicinum
he chose out-of the plenty (number) of trumpeters and bugle-men

quinque qiiam velocissumos, et quatuor centuriones
five as most-swift, and four centurions

cum his, qui forent presidio; que jubet omnes
with these, who might be foraguard; and_ orders all

parere  Liguri; et constituit proxumum diem
to obey tothe Ligurian; and appoints the next day

el negotio. Sed ubi tempus visum (est)
for that business. But when the time seemed (proper)

ex preecepto, omnibus paratis que
according-to _ instruction, all (things) being prepared and

compositis, pergit ad locum. Ceterim illi, qui
arranged, he proceeds to _ the place. But they, who

preerant  centuriis, preedocti ab = duce,
were-over to the centuries, previously-instructed by the guide,

mutaverant arma que ornatum, capite atque
had changed (their) arms and uniform, the head and

pedibus nudis, uti prospectus que nisus per
feet (being) naked, that the view and climbing through

saxa foret facilius; gladii et scuta
(among) the rocks might be more-easy; (their) swords and_ shields

super terga; verum ea
(were placed) upon (their) backs; but those (shields were)

Numidica ex coris, gratia ponderis ;
Numidian (made) out-of hides, by favour (on account) of the weight;

et simul quo offensa
and at-the-same-time in-order-that (the things)  struck-against

streperent levits. Igitur igus pregrediens,

might sound more-lightly. Therefore the Ligurian going-before,
vinciebat  laqueis gsaxa, et si que radices
did tie with ropes the rocks, and if any roots

eminebant vetustate, allevati quibus  milites

did project from age, lifted by which _ the soldiers

ascenderent facilis; interdum levare

might ascend more-easily; sometimes (he began) to lighten (assist)
manu timidos insolentia itineris ;

by the hand the fearful from the unugualness of the wayCer ee ET. ewe ere eee

ey he Oceanian Ha ae! ete lneraet phar athe tet ett tie ep ape ape tat 2g ER Ot ite yeemnyannm penal a 4° ih

276 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

mittere singulos (pluy.) imermes pre S86, ub
to send each unarmed before himself, when

ascensus erat paulld asperior; deinde ipse sequi
the ascent was alittle more-rough; then himself to follow

cum armis illorum, tentare potissimim que
with the arms of them, to try very-particularly what

videbantur dubia nisui 5 ac ascendens
did seem doubtful for leaning (climbing) ; and ascending

sepius eddem, que descendens, dein _statim
very-often by the same (way), and descending, then immediately

digrediens,  addere audaciam ceteris. Igitur,
stepping-aside, to add boldness to the rest. Therefore,

fatigati diu que multtm, perveniunt tandem in
being fatigued long and much, they arrive  at-length into

castellum, desertum ab ei parte, quod omnes
the castle, deserted from(on) that part, because all

aderant advorsum hostes, sicuti aliis diebus.
were-present against the enemies, so-as in other days.

Ubi Marius cognovit ex  nuncils, que
When Marius knew from messengers, what (things)

Ligus egerat, quamquam habuerat Numidas
the Ligurian had acted, although he had had the Numidians

intentos prelio toto die, tum vers
engaged to(on) the battle in the whole day, then truly

cohortatus milites, ipse et egressus extra
having exhorted the soldiers, himself also having gone out without

vineas, testudine acta,
the mantelets, a penthouse-engine being acted (put in motion), [the sol-

diers forming a testudo with their shields, over their heads and on their

(coepit) succedere, et simul, terrere
sides,| began to advance, and at-the-same-time, to affright
hostem tormentis que _ sagittariis, et
the enemy with shooting-engines and with archers, and
funditoribus eminuis. At Numide, vineis
with slingers at-a-distance. But the Numidians, the mantelets

Romanorum subversis, item incensis sepé antea,
of the Romans being overthrown, also - burned often before,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. TTT

tutabantur non sese moenibus castelli; sed
did defend not themselves in the walls of the castle; but (continued)

agitare dies que noctes pro muro; maledicere
to be-active days and nights before the wall; to rail

Romanis, ac  objectare vecordiam Mario;
to the Romans, and __ to object-often insanity to Marius

minari servitium Jugurthe nostris militibus
to threaten the slavery of Jugurtha to our soldiers ;

[and to threaten our soldiers, that they would become the slaves of

esse feroces secundis rebus. Interim,

Jugurtha;] to be fierce in favourable things. Mean-time,
omnibus Romanis que _ hostibus intentis
all the Romans and_ the enemies (being) intent to (on)

prelio, his certantibus pro gloria atque imperio,
the battle, these [fighting] for glory and authority,

illis pro salute, magna vi utrimque, signa
those for safety, with great force on-either-side, the signs

(coeperunt) canere repenté a tergo;
(trumpets) (began) to sing (sound) suddenly from the rear;
ac mulieres et pueri primo, qui processerant visum
and the women and _ boys first, who had gone-forth to see
fugere; deinde uti quisque erat proxumus
(began) to flee; then as every-one was nearest
muro; postremd, cuncti armati que inermes.
to the wall; lastly, all the armed and unarmed,
Ubi quod accidit, Romani instare,
When which (thing) happened, the Romans (began) to press-on,
fundere e0 acrius, ac tantummodo sauciare
to rout therefore more-vigorously, and only to wound
plerosque ; dein vadere super corpora
most (of them); then to proceed over the bodies
occisorum, avidi gloriz, certantes petere murum ,;
of the slain, greedy of glory, contending to seek the wall ;
neque prada morari quemquam omnium.
nor plunder (was able) to delay any-one of all.

Sic temeritas Marii correcta forte, invenit
Thus therashness of Marius being corrected by chance, found (acquired!

24ree er tr res 9 eiet

Se tee eee ees

rapper n Ree tue that ter ede Oe SAY Reber gered «pei teh he mem emgene ym wt a ate

278 SALLUSTIIL JUGURTHA.

gloriam ex culpa. Ceeterum, dum ea res geritur,
glory from fault. But, whilst that thing is carried-on,

L. Sulla § questor venit in castra cum magno
Lucius Sylla (as) questor came into the camps with great (much)

equitatu; quod relictus-erat Rome, uti
cavalry ; because [he] had been left at Rome, that

cogeret ex latio, et a sociis. Sed
he might collect [them] out-of Latium, and from theallies. But

quoniam res admonuit nos tanti _viri,
since the thing (subject) has reminded us _ of so-great aman,

visum-est idoneum dicere paucis de natura
it has seemed proper to say ina few (words) about the nature

que cultu ejus. Enim neque sumus
disposition) and education [habits] of him. For neither are we

dicturi de rebus Sulle alio loco; et
about-to-say of the affairs of Sylla in another place; and

L. Sisenna — persecutus optumé et diligentissimé
Lucius Sisenna having followed-up best and most-diligently

omnium, qui dixére eas res, videtur
of all (those), who have said (treated) those things, seems

mihi _locutus ore parum libero.
tome having spoken with a mouth little (by no means) free.
Igitur

[His relation seems to me to have but little political freedom.] Therefore
Sulla fuit nobilis patriciz gentis, familia
Sylla was anoble (man) of patrician nation (family), the family
extinct propé  ignavia majorum, eruditus
being extinct nearly by the indolence of (his) ancestors, skilled

juxta atque doctissumé Grecis atque Latinis
alike and most-learnedly in Greek and in Latin

litteris, ingenti animo, cupidus voluptatum, sed
letters, with a great mind, desirous of pleasures, but

cupidior  glorix; esse luxurioso otio;
more-desirous of glory; (he was able) to be in luxurious ease ;

tamen voluptas nunquam

[luxurious when at leisure ;] however pleasure never

remorata (est) ab negotiis, nisi quod _ potuit
retarded (him) from (his) affairs, unless that it was-ableSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 27S

consuli honestitis de uxore :
to be consulted more honourably about (his) wife: [unless he had

consulted his own character more in matrimonial affairs :] (he was)
facundus, callidus, et facilis amicitid; incredibilis
eloquent, crafty, and easy infriendship; an incredible
altitude ingenli ad negotia simulanda;

depth of ability to affairs to-be-dissembled; [of concealing

largitor multarum rerum, ac maxumé
his affairs ;] a bestower of many things, and chiefly

pecuniz; atque felicissumo omnium = ante
of money ; and (being) most-fortunate of all before

civilem victoriam, fortuna fuit nunquam super
the civil victory, (his) fortune was never above (his)

industriam ; que multi dubitavére esset
industry ; and many havedoubted (whether) he might be (he was)

fortior an _ felicior. Nam habeo  incertum
more-brave or more-fortunate. For I have (it) doubtful

pudeat magis an pigeat disserere
(whether) it may shame [more] or may grieve (me) to discuss

que fecerit postea. Igitur
what (things) he may have done (he did) afterwards. Therefore

postquam Sulla venit in Africam atque in  castra
after-that Syla came into Africa and into the camps

Marli, cum equitatu, uti dictum-est supra,
of Marius, [with the cavalry,] as has been said above, (being)

rudis anted et ignarus belli, factus-est solertissumus
unskilled before and ignorant of war, he became most-intelligent

omnium in paucis tempestatibus.
[the most skilful soldier | of all in a few seasons.

Ad-hoc appellare milites

(In a short time.] Besides (he was accustomed) to address the soldiers

benigné; dare beneficia multis rogantibus,  ipse
kindly ; to give benefits to many asking, himself
(dare) aliis per se; imvitus accipere; sed
(to give) to others by himself; unwilling toreceive (any); but

reddere ea properantiis, quam mutuum @s ;
to return those more-quickly, than borrowed brass (a loan)Oe et ee oe

ee ee ee et ees

eee ee ae

980 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA,

ipse repetere ab nullo: laborare id magis,
himself toask-again from no-one: to labour-for that more (rather),

ut qudm-plurimi deberent illi: agere joca, atque
that as-many-as-possible should owe to him: to act  jests, and

seria cum humillimis; adesse multus in
sericus (matters) with the humblest; tobe present much in

operibus, In agmine, atque ad vigilias: neque
he works, on the troop (march), and at the watches: nor

interim ledere famam  consulis, aut cujusquam

mean-time to injure the character of the consul, or of any

boni, quod prava  ambitio solet :

good (man), which corrupt ambition is accustomed (to do):

tantummod6 neque pati alium priorem

only neither to suffer (any) other former [to be before
consilio neque manu ; antevenire plerosque.

him] in counsel nor in hand (action); to outstrip most.

Quibus rebus et artibus,
[He excelled most others.] Bywhich things and arts (qualities),

factus (est) brevi carissumus Mario que  militibus.
he became’ shortly most-dear to Marius and_ to the soldiers.

At postquam, Jugurtha amiserat oppidum Capsam
But _after-that, Jugurtha had lost the town Capsa

que alios munitos locos, et utiles  sibi, et
and other fortified places, and useful to himself, and

simul magnam pecuniam, mittit nuncios ad
at-the-same-time great money, he sends messengers’ to

Bocchum, adduceret copias quam-primum
Bocchus, (that) he should lead-up (his) forces as-soon-as-possible

in Numidiam: tempus preli faciundi adesse.
into Numidia: the time of battle to-bo-made to be-at-hand.

Quem, ubi accepit cunctari, dubium belli,
Whom, when he received (heard) to delay, doubtful of the war,

atque trahere rationes pacis: corrumpit
and to draw (to devise) reasons of peace: he corrupts (bribes)

rursts, ut antea, proxumos ejus donis, que
again, as before, the nearest (friends) of him by gifts, and

pollicetur tertiam partem Numidize Mauro  ipsi, si
promises a third part of Numidia tothe Moor himself, ifSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 281

Romani expulsi Africa, aut suis
the Romans (should be) driven-out from Africa, or _ his-own
finibus integris, bellum compositum-foret.

territories (being) entire, the war might have been arranged.

[Or peace being so made with the Romans, that he (Jugurtha) should lose

Bocchus, illectus eo premio, accedit
no territory. | Bocchus, allured by that reward, comes-to

Jugurtham cum magn& multitudine. Ita exercitu
Jugurtha with a great multitude. Thus the army

amborum  conjuncto, invadunt Marium jam
of both being united, they attack Marius now

proficiscentem in hiberna, decima parte diel
setting-out into winter-quarters, the tenth part of the day

Vix reliqua, _—rati noctem, que jam
searcely (being) left, having thought the night, which now

aderat, fore munimento sibi
was-at-hand, to be about-to-be for a defence to themselves

victis ; et sl vicissent, nullo
being conquered; and if they might have conquered, (to be) no

impedimento, quia erant scientes locorum:
obstruction, because they were knowing of the places:

contra,  utrumque casum
[acquainted with the locality :] on-the-other-hand, each chance

fore difficiliorem Romanis in _ tenebris.
to be about-to-be more-difficult tothe Romans in the darknesses.

Igitur consul cognovit simul, § ex multis, de
Therefore the consul knew  at-the-same-time, from many, of

adventu hostium, et hostes  ipsi aderant ;
the arrival of the enemies, and the enemies themselves were-at-hand;

et priusqnam exercitus quivit instrui, aut

and before-that the army was-able to be arrayed, or
colligere sarcinas, denique, antequam

to collect the baggages, finally, before-that (it was able
accipere signum aut ullum imperium, Mauri atque
to receive asignal or any command, the Moorish and
Getuli equites incurrunt im __ nostros non
Geetulian horse rush against our (men) no

24*od miehdelipeeatinesandiiaindael anomaamamiaaaelianie

ree

a One Ot erent: weer rE ren | eee

282 CALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

acile, neque ullo more preelii, sed catervatim,
in line (of battle), mor inany manner of battle, but in-troops,
uti fors conglobaverat quosque. Omnes qui
as chance had collected every (troop). All who
trepidi improviso metu, ac tamen memores
fearful from the unforeseen terror, and however mindful
virtutis, aut capiebant arma, aut defensabant ab
of valour, either did take arms, or did protect from
hostibus alios capientes ; pars ascendere

the enemies others taking (them); part (began) to mount (their)

equos, ire obviam hostibus: pugna  fieri magis

horses, to go towards to the enemies: the battle to become more

similis latrocinio quam _prelio: equites, pedites
like to a robbery than to a fight: horse, foot

permixti sine signis, sine ordinibus, cadere

mingled without standards, without ranks, to slaughter

alios, obtruncare alios; circumvenire ab tergo

others (some), to maim others ; to surround from the rear

multos pugnantes accerrumé contra adversos :
many fighting most-vigorously against (those)
neque virtus, neque arma tegere

neither _valour, nor arms (were able) to cover (protect) (them)

satis; quod hostes erant plures numero
sufficiently; because the enemies were more

opposite:

et
in number and
circumfusi undique. Denique, veteres Romani que
poured-round on-every-side. Finally, the veteran Romans and

novi, et scientes belli ob

€a
the new (recruits), and (those) knowing

of war on-account-of those
facere orbes, si locus aut

casus
(things) (began) to make rings, if the place or chance
conjunxerat quos: atque ita  tecti atque instructi

had united any: and thus protected and arrayed
ab omnibus partibus, simul, sustentabant
from all parts, at-the-same-time, they did support

vim hostium. Neque fuit Marius territus aut
the force of the enemies. Neither was Marius affrighted or

magis demisso animo quam antea,

in eo tam
more with cast-down mind than

before, in that SeSALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

aspero negotio; sed vagarl passim cum
rough a business ; but (he began) to hover every-where with
sua turma, quam _paraverat magis ex
his-own troop, which he had prepared (raised) rather out-of
fortissumis quam familiarissumis; ac modo
the bravest than the most-intimate ; and one-time
succurrere suis laborantibus, modd invadere
to aid to his-own (men) labouring, one-time to attack
manu hostes, ubi obstiterant
with (his) band the enemies, where they had opposed

confertissumi; consulere wmilitibus,
most-dense ; to advise _to the soldiers, [to aid his soldisrs by

quoniam poterat non imperare, omnibus
fighting, | since he was able not to command, all

conturbatis. Que jam dies consumptus-erat, cum,
being disordered. And now the day had been spent, when,

tamen, _ barbari remittere nihil, atque
however, the barbarians (began) to relax nothing, and
instare acrius, uti reges preceperant,
to press-on more-vigorously, as the kings had ordered,
rati noctem pro _ sé. Tum
having thought the night for themselves (in their favour). Then
Marius trahit consilum ex copia
Marius draws (takes) counsel from the plenty (condition)

rerum; atque occupat duos colles propinquos inter
of things; and seizes two hills near among

Be, uti esset locus
themselves, [near to one another,] that there might be a place

receptui suis. In uno quorum parum amplo
for aretreat for his (men). In one of which little extensive

castris, erat magnus fons aque:
(not large enough) forcamps, was a great fountain of water:

alter opportunus usul, quia editus. et
the other (was) convenient for use, because (it was) raised and

preeceps magna parte: egebat munimento pauca.
steep in great _—part: did want with fortification in few

Ceterum jubet
(‘n small part). [Required but little fortification. ] But he orders

ee cer aang

 
 
    
      
     
     
    
 
   
  
   
    
    
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
  
  
      

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284 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Sullam agitare noctem cum equitibus apud
Sylla to agitate (spend) the night with the cavalry at
aquam. Ipse  contrahit in unum dispersos
the water. Himself draws together into one (body) the scattered
milites, hostibus  conturbatis neque minis :
soldiers, the enemies being disordered neither (not) less:
dein subducit cunctos pleno gradu in collem.
then he withdraws all in full pace unto _ the hill.

Tta reges, coacti  difficultate loci, deterrentur
Thus the kings, compelled by the difficulty of the place, are deterred

prelio: neque, tamen, sinunt  guos abire
from battle: nor, however, do they permit their (men) to depart

longitis, sed utroque colle circumdato multitudine,
farther, but each hill being surrounded by the multitude,

effusi, consedére. Dein crebris ignibus _factis,

scattered, they sat-down. Then frequent fires being made,
barbari letari suo more, exsultare,

the barbarians (began) to rejoice in their manner, to exult,

Sstrepere vocibus plerumque noctis: et

to roar with voices most of the night: and (their)

duces Ipsi feroces; quia fugére non,

generals themselves (were) fierce ; because they fled not,

agere ut pro victoribus.
(they began) to act as for conquerors. [Asif they were conquerors. |

Sed cuncta ea facilia visu

Romania,
But all those (things were) easy

to be seen by the Romans,

ex _tenebris _ et editioribus _locis, que erant
out-of the darknesses and the higher places, and were

magno hortamento. VerdO Marius

confirmatus
for great encouragement. But

Marius _ being encouraged
plurimim imperitia hostium,
very-much by the ignorance

jubet

of the enemies, orders

quam-maxumum  silentium haberi; ne quidem
the greatest-possible silence tobe kept; not indeed (even)

solebant
they were accustomed

adventabat,
did approach,

signa canere, uti
the signs (trumpets) to sing (to sound), as

per  vigilias; deinde ubi lux
through the watches; then when light (day)SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 985

hostibus jam defessis, ac captis somno paullo
the enemies now being wearied, and taken with sleep a little

ante, de-improviso vectigales _ tubicines
before, (he orders) suddenly the tributary trumpeters

omnes simul, item cohortium, turmarum,
all together, also (those) of the cohorts, of companies,

legionum, canere signa,
[of the troops of horse,] of legions, to sound the signs (trumpets),

milites tollere clamorem, atque erumpere _portis.
the soldiers to raise a shout, and  toburst-forth from the gates

Mauri atque Gretuli, exciti repente ignoto
The Moors and Gmtulians, roused suddenly by the unknown

et horribili sonitu, poterant neque fugere, neque
and _horrible sound, were-able neither to flee, nor

capere arma, neque facere aut providere quidquam
to take arms, nor to do or to provide any

omnino; ita vecordia quasi ceperat
(thing) at-all; thus madness _as-it-were had taken (seized)

cunctos terrore, formidine strepitu, clamore, nullo
all with terror, with dismay by the noise, by shout, none

subveniente,  nostris instantibus tumultu.
assisting, our (men) pressing-on with tumult.

Denigue omnes fusi (sunt), que fugati; arma
Finally all were routed, and put-to-flight; (their) arms

et pleraque militaria signa capta; que plures
and most-of the military standards taken; and more

interempti (sunt) — e0 prelio, quam omnibus
were destroyed in that battle, than in all

superioribus. Nam fuga impedita (est) somno et
the former. For flight was hindered by sleep and

metu. Dein Marius proficiscitur im

insolito
Then Marius sets-out inte

by unusual fear.

hiberna, uti coeperat, que decreverat agere

winter-quarters, as he had begun, which he had resolved to act

in maritimis oppidis, propter commeatum ‘
(spend) in the maritime towns, on-account-of provision ,

neque tamen factus (est) socors aut insolens victoria;
aor however was he made inactive or haughty by victoryoor ae
; ath 3 aiid oh ee yom
hi Henin ipie lament igure lionel

es

ee pe ee ee

286 SALLUSTII JUQURTHA.

sed incedere quadrato agmine pariter
but (continued) to march in a squared troop (array) equally
atque in conspectu hostium. Sulla  curabat

and (as) in sight of the enemies. Sylla did take-care

cum equitatu apud dextimos, A. Manlius
(commanded) with the cavalry at(on) theright, Aulus Manlius

cum funditoribus et sagittarlis, preeterea cohortes
with the slingers and archers, besides the cohorts

Ligurum in sinistra parte; locaverat
of the Ligurians (commanded) in the left part; he had placed

tribunos primos et extremos cum _ expeditis

tribunes first and last with the light-armed
manipulis. Perfuge minumé cari, et
divisions. Deserters (persons) by-no-means dear, and
sclentissumi regionum, explorabant iter
most-skilful of the countries, did reconnoitre the march
hostium. Consul simul providere
of the enemies. The consul at-the-same-time (continued) to provide
omnia, quasi _nullo imposito ;
all (things), as-if no-one being placed-over (the men);
adesse apud omnes, laudare, increpare
to be-present at (with) all, to praise, to chide (those)
merentes. Ipse armatus que intentus item cogebat
deserving. Himself armed and prepared also did compel
milites; neque munire castra secus
the soldiers ; nor (did he cease) to fortify the camps otherwise
atque facere iter ;

and (than) to make the march; [he fortified his camps with the same

mittere cohortes ex

care that he had made his march;] to send cohorts out-of
legionibus excubitum in porta, auxiliarios equites
the legions to watch in the gate, the auxiliary cavalry
pro castris; preterea locare alios super vallum
before the camps; besides to place others above the rampart
in munimentis, ipse  circuire  vigilias, non
in the fortifications, himself to go-about the watches, not
difidentia futuri uge

from distrust of future (completion of) what he might have (had)SALLUSTIIT JUGURTHA. 287

imperavisset, quam uti labos exequatus cur

ordered, as that the labour being equalled with
imperatore esset militibus volentibus.
the commander might be to the soldiers willing. [That the com.

mander sharing in the toils of the soldiers, they might the more willingly

Et sané Marius coercebat exercitum
bear them.] And _ truly Marius did restrain (his) army
magis pudore, quam malo illo et aliis

more by shame, than _ by evil (severity) in that (time) and in other

temporibus Jugurthini belli; quod multi aiebant
times of the Jugurthine war; which many did say

fierl per ambitionem; pars quod _ habuisset
tobedone through ambition; part (said) because he might have held

voluptati a pueritia consuetam duritiam, et alia
for pleasure from boyhood (his) accustomed  hardihood, and other

quze ceeterl1 vocant miserias. Nisi tamen
(things) which the rest call miseries. | Unless (but) however

respublica gesta (est) bené atque decoré, pariter
the state was carried-on well and becomingly, equally
ac szevissumo imperio. Igitur citi
and (as) in the most-cruel authority. Therefore speedy

speculatores ostendunt sese simul
spies show themselves at-the-same-time

undique haud longé ab oppido Cirta, quarto

from-every-side not far from thetown Cirta, in the fourth

die; qua re _ hostis intelligitur adesse. Sed
day; by which thing the enemy is understood to be-at-hand. But

quia redeuntes diversi, alius ab
because returning different, the one (from one, the other) from
alia parte, atque omnes significabant idem ;
another part, and all did signify (prove) the same

consul incertus quonam modo _instrueret

(thing); the consul doubtful in what manner he should arrange
aciem, nullo ordine commutato, paratus
the line (of battle), no order being changed, prepared

advorsum omnia opperitur _ibidem. Ita
against all (things) he waits in-the-same-place Thus

-

Maka teeiel biocd- Fi ai he cl needs Goce ieaito: ceakeeee,

the POS

PEP SEAE SPUPO TAY LUNE RY Se STULL SE ET |

sa a

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s

he ber white teemeecnmpaenmeni-ntniptilnenieonmimammtmaieennat at «(aint aie

988 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

spes frustrata (est) Jugurtham, qui distribuerat
hope disappointed Jugurtha, who haddivided (his)

copias in quatuor partes, ratus aliquos ex
forces into four parts, having thought some out-of

omnibus zqué venturos hostibus ab tergo
all equally about-to-come to (on) the enemies from the rear.

Interim Sulla, quem hostes attigerant primum,
Mean-time Sylla, whom the enemies had reached first,

cohortatus suos, ipse que alii invadunt
having exhorted his (men), himself and the others attack

Mauros turmatim et equis confertis
the Moors by-troops and with horses crowded

quam-maxumé; ceeteri manentes in loco
as-much-as-possible; the rest remaining in (their) place (began)

tegere corpora ab jaculis  emissis
to cover (protect) (their) bodies from _ the javelins sent

eminis, et obtruncare, S1 qui venerant
from-a-distance, and to massacre, [such,] if any [as] had come

in manus. Dum _  equites preliantur eo
into (their) hands. Whilst the cavalry fight in that

modo, Bocchus cum peditibus, quos filius ejus,
manner, Bocchus with theinfantry, which theson of him,

Volux, adduxerat, neque adfuerant in priore
Volux, had led-up, nor had they been-present in the former

ugna, morati in itinere, invadunt postremam

attle, havingdelayed on the march, attack the last [rear]
aciem Romanorum. Marius agebat tum apud

line of the Romans. Marius acted then at (with)
primos, quod Jugurtha ibi cum plurimis.
the first, [in front,] because Jugurtha [was] there with very-many.
Dein Numida, adventu  Bocchi cognito,
Then the Numidian, [Jugurtha,] the arrival of Bocchus being known,
convortit clam cum paucis ad pedites;  ibi
turns secretly with afew (men) to theinfantry; there
exclamat lLatiné, nam didicerat loqui

he cries-out lLatinly, [in Latin,] for he had learned to speak (that

apud Numantiam, ‘“‘ Nostros pugnare
anguage) at Numantia, “Our (men) to fightSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 285

‘frustra; Marium interfectum (esse) paullo ante

21-vain ; Marius to have been slain alittle before
sua manu :”’ simul ostendere

by his-own hand:” at-the-same-time (he began) toshow (his)

gladium oblitum sanguine, quem  cruentaverat
sword smeared with blood, which he had stained-with-blood
in pugna, nostro pedite occiso impigre

in the battle, our foot-soldiery being slain actively (bravely)

satis.
enough. [Which he had stained with the blood of one of our foot-soldiers,

Quod ubi milites accepére
quickly slain.] Which when _ the soldiers received (heard)

terrentur magis atrocitate rel quam
they are affrighted more by the dreadfulness of the thing than
fide nuncil; que _ barbari simul
by the faith (belief ) of the messenger; and the barbarians at-the-same-time
tollere animos, et incedere
(began) toraise (their) minds (spirits), and to advance
acrius in perculsos Romanos. Que jam
more-vigorously against the astonished Romans. And now
aberant paullum a fuga, cum Sulla, iis
they were-distant little from flight, when  Sylla, those

profligatis advorsum quos ierat, rediens, incurri*
being routed against whom he had gone, returning, rushes-or

Mauris ab latere. Bocchus avertitur  statim
to the Moors from the flank. Bocchus is turned immediately.

At dum Jugurtha cupit sustentare suos et retinere
But whilst Jugurtha desires tosupport his-own and to retain

victoriam jam propé adeptam, circumventus ab

the victory now nearly obtained, being surrounded by
equitibus dextra sinistra, omnibus occisis,
the cavalry on theright (and) left, all being killed, (he)

solus vitabundus erumpit inter tela  hostium.
alone about-escaping bursts-forth between the darts of the enemies.

Atque Marius interim, equitibus fugatis, accurrit

And Marius mean-time, the cavalry heing put-to-flight, runs-up

auxilio suis, quos  acceperat jam

to aid to his (men), whom  hehad received (heard) [now}
20

ERE MLPLER
beet eas

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Re ore eee Pere ae

wehvpetabnbeds tyrpet yt

Che nee eet ee

See ne tner en eee ee Tee

ec eetteeters

Yi
ai
xh

roe det
renee te

es

bois le bpigueas eat ty i :
Peeebscrisse Ht brads (Trish a)

     
      
  
    
    
   
 
   
    
  
   
 
   
     
   
     
     
   
    
   
   
  
    

iee aad

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a netial

290 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

elli. Denique hostes jam fusi (sunt)

to be repulsed. Finally the enemies now were routed
undique. Tum horribile spectaculum in
on-every-side. Then (was) &@ horrible sight in
patentibus campis ; sequi, fugere; occidi,
the open plains ; (they were seen) to follow, to flee; tobe killed,
capi; equi atque virl afficti; ac multi,
to be taken ; horses and men dashed-down; and many,
vulneribus acceptis, posse neque fugere,
wounds being received, (were seen) to be-able neither to flee,
neque pati quictem; modo _niti, ac
nor to endure rest } one-time to Jean (to stand-up), and
statim concidere:  postremd, omnia qua
immediately to fall-down: lastly, all (places) where

visus erat, constrata telis, armis, cadaveribus ;
the view was, were strewed with darts, with arms, with dead-bodies ;

et humus infecta sanguine inter ea. Postea
and the ground stained _ with blood between them. Afterwards

loci consul jam victor haud  dubié,
of place (after this event) the consul now conqueror not doubtfully,
pervenit in oppidum Cirtam, quo profectus
arrived into the town Cirta, whither having set-out
initio intenderat. Ko  legati

in the beginning he had determined (to arrive). Thither ambassadors

veniunt a Boccho post quintum diem, quam
come from Bocchus after the fifth day, than (since)

e YQ . ° e
barbari pugnaverant malé iterum; qui petivére

the barbarians had fought badly again ; who sought
ab Mario verbis regis, ‘¢ Mitteret

from Marius inthe words of the king, (that) “He would send
duos quam-fidissumos ad eum:  velle
[two] (persons) as-faithful-as-possible to him: to will

disserere cum iis de suo commodo et de
to discuss with them about his-own advantage and about (that}

Romani populi.” Mle statim jubet L. Sullam et
of the Roman people.” He immediately orders Lucius Sylla and
A. Manlium ire. Qui, quamquam ibant  acciti:
Aulus Manlius to go. Who, although they did go serieSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 991

tamen, placuit facere verba apud
however, it pleased (them) tomake words (aspeech) at (to}

regem, uti aut  flecterent avorsum ingenium,
the king, that either they might bend a disinclined disposition,

aut accenderent vehementius cupidum
or might inflame (it) more-earnestly (being) desirous
pacis. Itaque Sulla, facundize cujus
of peace. Therefore Sylla, to the eloquence of whom
concessum (est) & Manlio, non etati, locutus (est)
it was yielded by Manlio, not _— to age, spoke
pauca verba hujuscemodi: ‘Rex Bocche, magna
a few words of this-kind: “King Bocchus, great
letitia est nobis, chm dii monuére_ te talem
gladness is tous, when the gods have advised thee such
virum, uti aliquando malles pacem

@ Man, that some-time (at length) thou shouldst prefer peace

quam bellum; neu commaculares te optumum
than war ; nor shouldst stain thyself a very-good (man)

miscendo cum Jugurtha, pessimo omnium: simul,
by mingling with Jugurtha, the worst of all: at-the-same-time,

demeres nobis acerbam _necessitudinem
thou shouldst take from us the bitter necessity
persequl pariter te errantem, et illum
to pursue (punish) equally thee erring, and him
sceleratissumum. Ad _ hoc, visum (est) melius

most-guilty. To this (besides), it seemed better
Romano populo, inopi jam 4 principio, querere
to the Roman people, poor already from the beginning, to seek

amicos quam servos; que rati(sunt) tutius imperitare
friends than slaves ; and they thought safer to rule

° \ e One

volentibus quam coactis. Vero nulla amicitia
(them) willing than compelled. But no friendship (is)
opportunior  tibi nostra: primum, qudd
more convenient to thee (than) ours: firstly, because

absumus procul; in quo minimum offense,
we are-distant far; in which (case) the least of offence (is),
par gratia, ac-si
ithere is the least cause of offence, but of] equal favour, as-if

   

=

    
    
   
       
        
     
    
  
     
   
  
     
     
   
   
     
   
    
    
      

‘TOPE HE ATL BOR

See rate Pre ert ee ee

Poa eRe

5

CPR hoe hatin he wt km rpeyahchs bite (SB.

Se caanhae

Seen

  

i re shirere nat ot tee nae

fic
hyee

eR st tees ee eee ers

992 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

adessemus: dein, quod habemus parentes
we might be-at-hand: then, because we have (people) obeying (us}
abundeé ; satis amicorum fuit neque nobis,
abundantly; (but) enough of friends has been neither to us,
neque cuiquam omnium. Atque, utinam hoc
nor to any-one of all. And, O-that this
placuisset tibi ai principio! — profecto,
might have pleased to thee from the beginning! certainly,
accepisses multo plura bona ad hoc

thou mightest have received by much more good (things) to this

tempus, quam perpessus-es mala. Sed quoniam

time, than __ thou hast suffered evil. But since
fortuna regit pleraque humanarum rerum, cul
fortune rules most of human things, to which
scilicet placuisse  experiri et nostram
forsooth she has pleased to try [that you try] both our
vim et gratiam; nunc quando licet per illam,
force and favour; now when  itis-lawful through her,
festina atque perge uti coepisti. Habes multa
hasten and proceed as thou hast begun. Thou hast many
atque opportuna quo superes
and convenient (means) in-order-that thou may’st exceed
facilis errata officis.

more-easily (the things) erred-in by kindnesses. [By kind services. |

Postremd, demitte hoc im tuum pectus, Romanum

Lastly, send-down this imto thy breast, the Roman
populum nunquam _victum-esse beneficiis. Nam
people never to have been overcome by favours. For
tute scis quid valeat bello.” Bocchus

thyself knowest what it may prevail in war.” Bocchus (answered)
placidé et benigné ad ea; simul facit

calmiy and kindly to those (words); at-the-same-time he makes

pauca verba pro suo delicto:
few words for his transgression: [and spoke briefly in ex-

“* Se cepisse arma non
genuation of his transgression:] “Himself to have taken arms not

hostili animo, sed ob tutandum
with a hostile mind, but on-account-of protecting (hisSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 298
regnum: nam  nequivisse pati eam partem
kingdom: for to have been-unable to endure that part

Numidiz, unde  expulerit (perf. sub.) Jugurtham
of Numidia, whence he may have expelled (he expelled) Jugurtha

vi, factam  suam jure belli, vastari al
by force, being made _his-own by the right of war, to be ravaged by

Mario: preterea, legatis missis Romam antea,
Marius: besides, ambassadors having been sent to Rome before,

repulsum (esse) ab amicitia:

so have been rejected [that he was rejected] from friendship:
cxterum omittere vetera, ac missurum
but to omit old (matters), and (to be) about-to-send

legatos tum ad senatum, si
“that he was about to send] ambassadors then to  thesenate, if

ilceret per Marium.” Dein, copia
a might-be-lawful through Marius.” Afterwards, opportunity

facta, animus barbari  flexus (est) ab amicis,
being made, the mind of the barbarian was bent by friends,

quos Jugurtha, legatione Sulle et Manlu  cognita,
whom Jugurtha, the embassy of Sylla and of Manlius being known,

metuens id quod  parabatur, corruperat
fearing that which was prepared, had corrupted (bribed)

donis. Interea, Marius, exercitu§ composito in
by gifts. Mean-time, Marius, the army being arranged in

hibernaculis, proficiscitur cum expeditis cohortibus,
winter-stations, sets-out with the light-armed cohorts,

et parte equitattis, in sola loca, obsessum
and with part of the cavalry, into lonely places, to besiege

regiam turrim, qudO Jugurtha imposuerat omnes

a royal tower, where Jugurtha had placed all
perfugas presidium. ‘Tum Bocchus rursus, seu
deserters (as) a garrison. Then Bocchus again, either
reputando que venerant sibi duobus

by reflecting what (things) had come (happened) to himself in two

preeliis, seu admonitus ab aliis amicis, quos Jugurtha
battles, or advised by other friends, whom Jugurtha

reliquerat incorruptos, delegit quinque ex omni
had left unbribed, chose five out-of al

25

asia a Ss
poner He

    
   
     
   
    
   
    
  
    
    
    
  
      
       
    
  
   
  
   
   
 

Se cro rae ee basis teaten rene rere eee

rey eters

SE Sy rs ST

me er
pe aah

preors

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eet em

  

APD Eee] ca SEEC YE Ee mena Ss

PlsEe ne oe

re a

2994 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

copia necessariorum ; fides quorum
the plenty (number) of connexions; [friends ;] the faith of whom

et cognita (est), et ingenia rant validissuma.
both was known, and _ the abilities were most-able.

Jubet eos ire legatos ad Marium; ac dein,
He orders those to go (as) ambassadors to Marius; and _ then,

si placeat, Romam: permittit ipsis licentiam
if it may please (him), to Rome: he allows tothem the liberty

rerum agendarum, et belli componendi quocunque
of things to-be-acted, and of the war to-be-arranged in whatsoever

modo.
manner. [He gave them full power to negotiate and bring the war to a

Illi proficiscuntur maturé ad
close in any manner.] They set-out early (soon) to

hiberna Romanorum. Deinde, circumventi
the winter-quarters ofthe Romans. Afterwards, being surrounded

que spoliati & Geetulis Jatronibus in _ itinere,

and plundered by  Geetulian robbers on the journey,
profugiunt pavidi sine decore ad Sullam,
they escape fearful without ornament [of office] to Sylla,
quem consul proficiscens in expeditione reliquerat
whom _ the eonsul setting-out onthe expedition had left

pro pretore. Ile habuit eos non pro vanis
for pretor. He had (treated) them not for vain

hostibus, ut? meriti-erant, sed accuraté et
(fickle) enemies, as they had deserved, but carefully and

liberaliter. Qua re  barbari et  rati (sunt)
liberally. By which thing the barbarians both thought

famam  avaritie Romanorum falsam, et Sullam
the report of the avarice of the Romans false, and Sylla

amicum in sese ob munificentiam.
friendly unto themselves on-account-of (his) liberality.

Nam etiam tum largitio erat ignota multis; nemo
For even then bribery was unknown to many; no-one

putabatur munificus, nisi pariter volens: omnia
was thought liberal, unless equally willing: all

dona habebantur in benignitate.
gifts were held in kindness. [Aa the result of kindness,SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

Igitur patefaciunt mandata Bocchi Questori;
Therefore they lay-open the commands of Bocchus to the Questor;

simul petunt ab eo, uti adsit
at-the-same-time they request from him, that he may-be-present (as)
fautor que consultor  sibi: extollunt
a favourer and anadviser to themselves: they praise in (their)

oratione copias, fidem, magnitudinem sui _ regis,
Bpeech the forces, faith, greatness of their king,

et alia, que credebant aut esse utilia aut
and other (things), which they did believe either tobe useful or

benevolentiz;
(the part) of benevolence; [or tending to conciliate his good will;]

dein Sulla pollicito omnia, docti quo
then Sylla having promised all (things), being taught in what

modo facerent  verba apud Marium, item
manner they should make words at (before) Marius, also

apud senatum,
at the senate, [they should address Marius, and also the senate, |

opperiuntur ibidem circiter quadraginta dies. Postquam
they wait there about forty days. After-that

Marius, negotio  infecto ud
Marius, the business being undone [unsuccessful] whither (to which)

intenderat, redit Cirtam, factus  certior
he had aimed, returns’ to Cirta, being made more-sure [being in-

de adventu  legatorum, jubet que illos
formed] of the arrival of the ambassadors, he orders both them

et Sullam, que item L. Bellienum pretorem, venire

and Sylla, and also Lucius Bellienus the pretor, to come

Utica, preeterea omnes senatorii ordinis undique ;
from Utica, besides all of senatorial rank from-every-side;

quibuscum cognoscit mandata Bocchi, in
with whom he knows (considers) the commands of Bocchus, in

uibus potestas eundi Romam fit
which [assemblythe] power of going to Rome is made [granted]

legatis ; et inducie postulabantur interea
to the ambassadors; and truces were requested mean-time

ab econsule. Ha placuére Sulle et
from [the] eonsul. Those (things) pleased to Sylla and

pret reees

 
   
    
  
   
       
  
  
     
     
   
  
   
    
   
 
   
  
   
 
  
  
   

PT RaapRbacl tvosetsaian -

aha eae eabehehan bem siti ace ea ekbi oe scat Lael

Se eS ee aa se

Eo Sa Le EE

vine atES

eas al

Pe ed

— stews tien iti ip A latent

296 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

plerisque: pauci decernunt ferocius; scilicet, ignari
to the most: a few determine more fiercely; forsooth, ignorant

numanarum rerum, que, semper fluxze et mobiles,
of human things, which, always evanescent and fickle,

mutantur in-adversum. Catertim tres Mauri,
are changed contrarily. But three Moors,

omnibus impetratis, profecti(sunt) Romam cum
all (things) being obtained, set-out to Rome__ with

Cn. Octavio Rufo, qui queestor apportaverat
Cneus Octavius Rufus, who (as) qusstor had brought

stipendium in Africam; duo redeunt ad regem.
the pay [to Africa] ; two return to the king.

Bocchus lubens  accepit ex his cim
Bocchus being-pleased received (heard) from these  as-well

cetera, tum maxumé benignitatem et studium
the-rest, then (as) chiefly the kindness and zeal

Sulle.

of Sylla. [Bocchus, among the rest, heard with pleasure chiefly of the

Que Rome
kindness and zeal of Sylla, in forwarding their mission.] And [at Rome]

respondetur hoe modo legatis ejus,
it is answered in this manner tothe ambassadors’ of him,

petentibus amicitiam et foedus, postquam
seeking friendship and a treaty, after-that

deprecati-sunt “regem errasse, et
they deprecated (lamented) “the king to have erred, and

lapsum (esse) scelere Jugurthe:” ‘Senatus
to have slipped by the wickedness of Jugurtha :” ““ The senate

et Romanus _populus solet esse memor
and Roman people is accustomed to be mindful

beneficli et injurie; ceeterim facit gratiam

of kindness and of injury; but it makes favour (forgiveness)

delicti Boccho, quoniam peenitet:
of (his) transgression to Bocchus, since it repents (him):

foeedus et amicitia dabuntur, cim meruerit.””’
a treaty and friendship shall be given, when he shall have deserved

Quibus rebus cognitis, Bocchus _ petivit

(them). ’ Which things being known, Boechus _requesteeSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 297

per litteras 4 Mario, uti mitteret Sullam

by letters (a letter) from Marius, that he would send Sylla
ad (se; arbitratu cujus consuleretur
to himself; by the arbitration of whom it might be consulted
de communibus negotiis. Is missus (est) cum
about (their) common affairs. He was sent with
presidio equitum atque peditum, Baleariorum
a guard of horse and of foot, of Balearian
funditorum; preeterea sagittarii et Peligna cohors
slingers ; besides archers and a Pelignian cohort
cum velitaribus-armis iére causa itineris
with light-arms went by cause (for the sake) of the journey
properandi; neque  muniti (sunt) secus
to-be-hastened ; nor were they protected otherwise (less)
his, § atque aliis armis advorsum tela
with these, and (than) with other arms against the darts
hostium, quod ea _ sunt levia. Sed denique
vf the enemies, because those are light. But finally

quinto die, Volux, filius Bocchi, ostendit sese
on the fifth day, Volux, the son of Bocchus, shows himself

in itinere repenté in patentibus campis cum non

on the journey suddenly in the open plains with not
amplitis mille equitibus; qui euntes temeré
more (than) athousand horsemen; who going rashly

et effusé, efficiebant Sulle que omnibus
(in disorder) and dispersedly, did cause to Sylla and to all

aliis et numerum ampliorem vero, et hostilem
the others both a number larger (than) truth, and hostile
metum.

fear. [Which caused their numbers to appear greater than they really

were to Sylla and the rest, and to excite fear of an approaching enemy. |

{[gitur quisque expedire se; tentare arma
Therefore every-one (began) to prepare himself; to try (his) arms

atque tela, intendere ;
and darts,  [to-bend] [his mind to the approaching engagement ;]

aliquantus timor, sed amplior spes, quippe
{there was) some fear, but greater hope, inasmuch-as

ee uae a tat tere Ee Teer eee a ae
5 cinta meen Dims a | 3 SEs bi : i, Le

| oes

a SE SES BS SERS IER BEBE SE SETI

Desepesrre se er
Bat ras leg

Se a es

anja geraiatnntgtw inae Pyare es

298 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

victoribus, et advorsum eos quos vicerant

to conquerors, and against those whom they had conquered
sepé. Interim equites premissi exploratum,
often. Meantime the cavalry sent-before to reconnoitre,
nunciant rem quietam, uti erat. Volux adveniens
announce the affair quiet, as it was. Volux coming-up
sppellat questorem, se missum (esse) obviam
addresses the questor, (and says) himself tohave been sent toward
illis a patre Boccho, et simul presidio.

to them by (his) father Bocchus, and at-the-same-time for protection.

Deinde eunt conjuncti sine metu eum et proxumum
Then they go united without fear that and _ the next

diem. Post ubi castra locata (sunt), et
day. Afterwards when the camps were placed (pitched), ane
erat vesper diel, Maurus incerto

it was theevening of the day, the Moor [Volux] with uncertain
vultu pavens accurrit repenté ad Sullam, que
countenance trembling runs-up suddenly to Sylla, and
dicit, “‘Cognitum (esse) sibi ex speculatoribus
SAYS, “To have been known’ to himself from scouts
Jugurtham abesse haud procul, simul rogat
Jugurtha to be-distant not far, at-the-same-time he entreats
atque hortatur profugeret clam secum
and exhorts (that) he would escape privately with him

noctu.” Ille feroci animo negat, “se pertimescere
by night.” He with fierce mind denies, “himself to fear-much

Numidam toties fusum; credere satis virtuti
the Numidian so-often routed; to trust sufficiently to the valou

guorum ; etiam si certa pestis adesset,
of his (men); even if certain destruction might be-at-hand,

mansurum potius quam quos ducebat,
(to be) about-to-remain rather than (those) whom he did lead,

proditis, parceret turpi fuga incerte vite,
being betrayed, heshouldspare by base flight to an uncertain life,

ac forsitan interiture paullo post morbo.”
and perhaps about-to-perish a little after by disease.”

Cetertim monitus ab eodem, uti proficiscerentur
But being admonished by the same, that they should set- outSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 299

noctu, approbat consilium; ac statim jubet
by night, he approves the plan ; and immediately orders

milites ccenatos esse in castris; que creberrimos
the soldiers having supped to be in the camps; and _ very-frequent
ignes fieri, dein prima vigilié egredi  silentio.
fires tobe made, then in the first watch to go out __in silence.

Que jam omnibus  fessis nocturno _itinere,
And now all being fatigued with the nightly march,

Sulla pariter cum ortu  solis metabatur
Bylla equally (together) with therising of the sun did measure

castra; cum Mauri equites nunciant Jugurtham
calnps ; when the Moorish cavalry announce Jugurtha

consedisse ante eos, intervallo  circitér
to have sat-down (encamped) before them, in a distance about

dutim millium. Postquam quod auditum-est,
of two miles. After-that which (thing) was heard,

tum verO ingens metus invadit nostros;
then truly great fear seizes our (men); (they began)

eredere se  proditos 4 Voluce, et circumventos
to believe themselves betrayed by Volux, and surrounded
insidiis. Ac fuére qui

with snares. And there were (those) who would (did)

dicerent (¢mp. sub.) vindicandum manu,
say (the thing) to be avenged by hand, [that he (Volux)

neque tantum  scelus
ought to be immediately punished] nor so-great guilt

relinqguendum inultum apud illum. At Sulla,
to-be-left unrevenged at (with) him. But  Sylla,

quamquam existumabat eadem, tamen prohibet
although he did think the same (things), however prohibits

Maurum ab injuria; hortatur  suos,
(protects) the Moor from injury; encourages his (men),

“uti gererent fortem animum; pugnatum (esse)
“that they should carry a brave mind ; to have been fought

pepe ante bené paucis  strenuis advorsus
often before well with a few brave (men) against

multitudinem; quanto minus pepercissent
a multitude ; by-how-much less they might have sparec

 

    
    
     
      
    
   
    
     
     
   
    
     
  
     
  
  
   
   
   
    

eee ea ears Ss TPS ers

pho 7s hehe Nts de tenpepet aD. SiR SET eA

oe
asst

RR romeo

rs

Ne Se SS ees

eee rr ete PEPE 5 es Seer

—

Se SESE

ih et dar gew enhanced Hp pi ery, Tt300 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

sibi in preelio, fore tanto  tutiores;
to themselves in battle, to-be-about-to-be by-so-much more safe;

nec decere quemquam, qui armaverit manus,
nor to become any-one, who may have armed (his) hands,

petere auxilium ab inermis pedibus, in maxumo
to seek aid from (his) unarmed feet, in the greatest

metu, vertere nudum et cxcum corpus ad
fear, (and) toturn (his) naked and _ blind body to

hostes.”” Deinde obtestatus maxumum Jovem, ut
the enemies.” Then having attested the greatest Jupiter, that

adesset testis sceleris atque  perfidis
he would be-present a witness of the guilt and of the treachery
Bocchi, jubet Volucem abire  castris, quoniam
of Bocchus, he orders Volux to depart from the camps, since
faceret hostilia. Ile lacrumans
he might (did) do hostile (acts). He weeping (began)
orare ‘“¢ ne-crederet ea ; nihil
to entreat (that) ‘he would not-believe those (things); nothing

factum (esse) dolo, ac magis calliditate Jugurthe;

to have been done by deceit, and more by thecraft of Jugurtha;
cul speculanti videlicet suum iter

to whom watching forsooth his journey might have (had)

cognitum-esset. Caterim quoniam
been known. But since he [Jugurtha] might (did)

haberet (tmp. sub.) neque ingentem multitudinem,
have neither a great multitude,

et spes que  opes ejus
and the hopes and .- resources of him [Jugurtha] might (did)

penderent (¢mp. sub.) ex suo patre, credere
depend from his [Volux’s] father, to believe

illum ausurum nihil palam, ciim ipse filius

him about-to-dare nothing openly, when himself (his) son

adesset (mp. sud.) testis ; quare
might be (was) present (as) awitness; wherefore

videri optumum factu transire palam per

media
to seem best te be done to pass

openly through the middle

castra eJus ; sese solum iturum cum
ramps of him [Jugurtha]; himself [Volux] alone about-to-go withSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 301

Sulla, Mauris vel premissis, vel relictis
Sylla, the Moors’ either being sent-before, or being left

ibidem.” Ea res probata (est), uti in tali negotio ;
there.” That thing was approved-of, as in such a business;

ac _—profecti statim, transeunt  incolumes,
and having set-out immediately, they pass-over safe,

Jugurtha dubio atque hesitante, quia
Jugurtha (being) doubtful and hesitating, because

accesserant de-improviso. Deinde
they had approached unexpectedly. Afterwards

perventum-est paucis diebus, quo intenderant
it was arrived in a few days, whither they had determined

ire. Ibi quidam Numida, nomine Aspar, agebat
togo. There acertain Numidian, by name Aspar, did act

multtim et familiariter cum Boccho, preemissus
much and familiarly with Bocchus, being sent-before (as,

orator ab Jugurtha, postquam  audierat
a pleader [agent] by Jugurtha, after-that he had heard

Sullam accitum, et speculatum subdolé  consilia
Sylla sent-for, and to watch eraftily the designs

Bocchi; preeterea Dabar, filius Mussugrade, ex
of Bocchus; besides Dabar, son of Mussugrada, out-of

ente Masinissx, ceterum impar materno
the nation (family) of Masinissa, but unequal by the maternal

genere, nam pater ejus ortus-erat ex concubina;
the father of him had sprung from a concubine;

race, for

carus que acceptus Mauro ob multa
dear and accepted (esteemed) to the Moor on-account-of many
bona ingenii, quem Bocchus  expertus

good (qualities) of understanding, whom Bocchus having experienced

esse fidum Romanis multis tempestatibus ante,

to be faithful tothe Romans in many occasions before,
mittit illicd nunciatum ad Sullam, “ Sese

sends immediately to announce to Sylla, “Himself (to be)
paratum facere que Romanus populus vellet;
prepared todo what (things) the Roman people might will;
ipse deligeret diem, locum, tempus colloquio ;
hiraself might choose the day, place, time for a conference

26

   
  
 
   
     
     
  
 
    
  
    
  
  
 
     
 
 
    
   
 
  
 
     
    
   
   
   

STE epeteie piesa inhi tetg a ip ag

PSOE

wh. tsee

oe ine sai RAM Rehan balmnbi-asacas

ST A
eB

NS Tr

PLP PNET erated aR py tan Ml eae eRe RE RL eM ek 2 -

Sr)

Te

ab Dee ene ee Se ed mEgoebalevowbne

Neen en nn aia alii phere

ee

fo cepa

802 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA

sese habere omnia consulta integra cum illo;
himself to have all deliberations entire with him:

neu pertimesceret
nor he might fear [that he had kept every thing to be deliberated

legatum = Jugurthe:”’
with him, so that he might not fear] the ambassador of Jugurtha ;”

quo communis res  gereretur _licentils;
and in-order-that the common affair might be carried-on more freely;

nam nequivisse caverl aliter ab  insidiis
for to have been-unable to be guarded otherwise from the snares

ejus. Sed ego comperior Bocchum attinuisse
of him. But I find Bocchus to have detained

Romanos et Numidam simul spe
the Romans and the Numidian at-the-same-time with the hope

pacis, magis Punicdé fide, quam ob ea,
of peace, rather with Punic faith, than on-account-of those

que preedicabat; que solitum (esse)
(things), which _he did declare; and to have been accustomed
volvere multtim cum suo animo, traderet
to revolve much with his mind, (whether) he should deliver

Jugurtham Romanis, an Sullam illi; libidinem

Jugurtha to the Romans, or Sylla to him; desire

suasisse advorsum nos, metum pro nobis,

to have persuaded (him) against us, fear for us.

Igitur Sulla respondit, se locuturum pauca
Therefore Sylla answered, himself about-to-speak a few (words

coram Aspare, cetera occulté, aut nullo,
before Aspar, the rest secretly, either

quam-paucissumis presentibus ; simul
as-few-as-possible being present;

aut
no-one, or

edocet
at-the-same-time he informs

quee responderentur. Postquam
(him) what (things) should be answered. After-that

congressi (sunt), sicuti voluerant, dicit se missum
they met, so-as they had willed, he says himself being sent
a consule venisse, quesitum ab eo,

by theconsul to have come, to inquire from him, (whether}

foret agitaturus pacem an bellum. Tun
he might be about-to-transact peace or war. TheSALLUSTII JUGURTHA, 303

rex, uti fuerat preceptum, jubet redire, post
the king, as had been instructed, orders (him) to return, after

decimum diem, ac  decrevisse nihil etiam nunc,
the tenth day, and to have determined nothing even now,

sed responsurum illo die. Deinde ambo
but about-to-answer in that day. Then both

digressi (sunt) in sua castra. Sed ubi plerumque
departed into their camps. But when most

noctis processit, Sulla arcessitur occulté a
of the night advanced, Sylla is sent-for secretly by

Boccho; fidi interpretes tantummodd adhibentur
Bocchus ; faithful interpreters only are applied

ab utroque. Preterea, Dabar internuncius,
(retained) by each. Besides, Dabar the inter-messenger,

sanctus vir, jurat ambobus ex
aholy (upright) man, swears to both according-to (their)

sententld; ac rex statim incipit sic. Ego
opinion ; and the king immediately begins thus, I

nunquam ratus-sum fore, ut! maxumus
never thought (the thing) to be about-to-be, that the greatest

rex in hae terra, et opulentissimus omnium, quos
king in this land, and _ the most-wealthy of all, whom

novi, deberem gratiam privato homini. Ht
I have known, should owe afavour’ toa private man. And

Hercule, Sulla, ante te cognitum, egomet _ tuli
by Hercules, Sylla, before thee being known, I-myself have brought

opem ultro §=multis alus orantibus ; indigui
assistance voluntarily to many others begging (it); I have wanted

nullius. Ego letor id, quod ceeteri
of none. I rejoice that, which therest (of the world)

solent § dolere, imminutum (esse). Fuerit
are accustomed to grieve, to have been diminished. It will have been

pretium mihi eguisse aliquando tue amicitix;
a price (a reward) to me tohave wanted [atlength] ofthy friendship;

qua habeo nihil carius apud meum animum.
(than) which Ihave nothing dearer at (in) my mind

Aded licet experiri id; sume, utere arma, viros,
Thus itis-lawful totry that; take, use arms, men,

 

sacra ee

    
   
     
     
    
  
     
      
   
      
  
  
   
    
    
       
  
  
   

Spats Teta) ares oes

pre a

SSPE SS SENT

STRAT ae Doe LICE RE BEEBE SR ROE Se ES
aS a cur ¢
s itFT nen

ne ee ae

ee

304 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA

pecuniam, postremd quicquid lubet animo; et
money, lastly whatever it pleases to (thy) mind; and

utaveris gratiam nunquam redditam
thou shalt have thought (think) the favour never returned

tibi,  quoad Vives 5 erit semper integra
to thee, as-long-as thou shalt live; it shall be always entire

apud me; denique, voles nihil
with me; finally, thou shalt will [thou shalt want] nothing

frustra, me sciente. Nam, ut ego existumo,
in-vain, I knowing (it). Hor, Ag ee think, (it is)

minus flagitiosum regem vincl armis, quam
less disgraceful aking to be conquered by arms, than

munificenti4. Ceetertim  accipe paucis
by liberality. But receive (hear) ina few (words)

de vestra republica,  cujus missus-es
concerning your state, of which thou hast been sent

huc curator. Ego neque feci bellum Romano
hither (as) manager. I neither havemade war tothe Roman

populo, neque volui unquam factum; tutus-sum
people, nor have I willed (it) ever made; Ihave defended

meos fines advorsum armatos armis. Omitto
my borders against armed (men) by arms. [I lay-aside

id; quando placet vobis ita, gerite bellum cum
that; since it pleases to you thus, carry-on the war with

Jugurtha, uti vultis. Ego non-egrediar flumen
Jugurtha, as you will. I shall not-go-without the river

Mulucham, quod fuit inter me et Micipsam,
Mulucha, which has been between me _ and Micipsa,

neque sinam Jugurtham intrare id. Preterea, si
nor will I suffer Jugurtha to enter that. Besides, if

petiveris quid dignum que me que
thou shalt have sought any (thing) worthy both mee and

vobis, (ab/.) abibis haud repulsus. Sulla disseruit

you, thou shalt depart not rejected. Sylla  discoursed
breviter et modicé ad ea pro se; multis
briefly and moderately to those (words) for himself; in many (words)

de pace et communibus rebus. Denique, patefecit
about peace and the common affairs. Finally, he disclosedSALLUSTIL JUGURTHA. 305

regi, ‘*Senatum et Romanum populum non

to the king, “The senate and Roman people not
habituros in gratid, quod polliceatur (pres. sud.),
about-to-have ‘n favour, what he may promise (does promise).
quoniam valuissent amplits armis; aliquid

since they might have prevailed more by arms; some

faciundum, quod videretur _retulisse illorum,
(thing) to-be-done, which might seem to have concerned of them,

magis quam sua, adeo id esse in promptu,

more than his-own (interest), thus that tobe in readiness
quoniam haberet copiam

(easily done), since he might (did) have power
Jugurthe, quem si tradidisset Romanis,
of Jugurtha, whom if he might have (had) delivered to the Romans,
fore, ut plurimum  deberetur ilhi ;

to be about-to-be, that very-much should be-due to him;

amicitiam, foedus, partem Numidiz, quam
friendship, atreaty, the part of Numidia, which he might (did)

peteret (¢mp. sub.) nunc, adventuram tunc
solicit now, about-to-come-to (him) then
ultro.”’ Rex primé negitare affinitatem,

voluntarily.” The king firstly (began) to deny-often {that} affinity,
cognationem, preterea foedus intervenisse;

kindred, besides atreaty to have intervened [existed be-
ad hoc metuere, ne usus
tween them]; to this (besides) to fear, lest having used
fluxa fide averteret animos
an unsteady faith [bad faith] he might turn-away the minds of (his)
popularium, quis et Jugurtha carus et
cvantrymen, to whom both Jugurtha (was) dear and
Romani _essent invisi. Denique,  fatigatus
the Romans might be (were) hateful. Finally, being importuned
seeplus, lenitur; et promittit se facturum
more-frequently, he is softened; and promises himself about-to-do
omnia ex voluntate Sulle. Czeterim
all (things) according-to the will of Sylla. But

constituunt que visa (sunt) utilia ad pacem
they settle what (things) seemed useful to peace

26 *

pe SS rare orbs ieee dca ieabbenee itt

— eee a LoL eS et Tee we

oe
SA ey

Casey

tee

SES NESE LE ES SE NE oo —

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306 SALLUSTIL JUGURTHA.

simulandam, cujus Numida, defessus bello,

to-be-feigned, of which the Numidian, wearied ty the war, (was)
avidissimus. Ita dolo composito, digrediuntur.
most-eager. Thus the plot being arranged, they separate.
At) 3 Tex postero die appellat Asparem,
But theking onthe following day calls Aspar,

legatum Jugurthe, que dicit cognitum (esse)
the ambassador of Jugurtha, and says (it) to have been known
ex Sulla, per Dabarem, bellum posse  componi
from Sylla, through Dabar, the war to be-able to be arranged

conditionibus: quamobrem exquireret sententiam
by conditions: wherefore he should seek the opinion

sui regis. Ile, letus, venit in castra Jugurthe.
of his king. He, _ glad, came into the camps of Jugurtha.

Deinde edoctus cuncta ab illo, itinere
Then being instructed all (things) by him, the journey

properato, redit ad Bocchum post octavum
being hastened, he returns to Bocchus after the eighth

diem, et nunciat ei, Jugurtham cupere facere
day, and announces to him, Jugurtha to desire to do

omnia, que  imperarentur; sed fidere
all (things), which might be commanded; but to trust [but that

arum Mario: pacem conventam cum
he trusted] _ little to Marius: the peace agreed-on with

Romanis imperatoribus fuisse frustra seepé anté.
the Roman commanders to have been in-vain often before.

Cetertim si Bocchus vellet, consultum ambobus,

But if Bocchus might will, to consult for both,
et ratam pacem, daret operam, ut
and a stable peace, he should give (his) assistance, that

veniretur und in colloquium ab omnibus,
it might be come together inte a conference by all,

quasi de pace; que
[that all should meet in conference,j as-if about the peace; and

ibl traderet Sullam sibi: ctim
there he should deliver Sylla to himself: when he might (did)
haberet talem virum in_spotestate, tum fore,

have such aman in (his) power, then to be about-to-beSALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 507
uti foedus fieret jussu. — senatfis que
that atreaty might be made by command of the senate and

Romani populi; neque nobilem hominem
of the Roman people; neither a noble man
relictum-iri in potestate hostium, non sua

to be about-to-be-left in the power of enemies, [not by his
ignavird, sed ob rempublicam. Maurus
indolence, [or fault], but] on-account-of the commonwealth. The Moor
ipse, volvens hee diu secum, tandem

himself, revolving these (things) long with himself, at-length

promisit. Czetertim comperimus parum
promised. But we have discovered little (whether)

cunctatus (est) dolo, an veré. Sed ut regie

he delayed by deceit, or truly. But = as royal
vcluntates plerumque vehementes, sic
wills (are) generally vehement, so (they are)
mobiles; ipsee sepé advorse  sibi. Postea
fickle ; themselves often opposite to themselves. Afterwards

tempore et loco  constituto, uti veniretur in
a time and place being appointed, that it might be come into

colloquium de pace, Bocchus appellare Sullam
a conference about peace, Bocchus (began) to address Sylla

modo, legatum Jugurthe modo; habere

now, the ambassador of Jugurtha now ; to have (treat them)
benigné; polliceri idem ambobus. Ih
kindly ; to promise the same (thing) to both. They (began)

esse pariter lzti, ac pleni bone spei. Sed e&
tobe equally glad, and full of good hope. But in that

nocte, que fuit proxuma anté diem  decretum
night, which was the next before the day decreed

colloquio, Maurus, amnicis adhibitis,
for the conference, the Moor, (his) friends being applied (called-in),

ac voluntate immutata, ceteris remotis,
and (his) will being changed, the rest being removed,

ipse dicitur agitavisse multa secum, varius
himself issaid to have pondered much with himself, changeable

pariter vultu corporis atque animo: qua
equally in the look of (his) body and in mind: which

 

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308 SALLUSTII JUGURTHA.

scilicet, ipso tacente, patefecisse
forsooth, himself being-silent, (tended) to have disclosed
occulta pectoris. Tamen, postremo, jubet
the hidden (things) of the beast. However, lastly, he orders
Sullam arcessiri; et tendit insidias Numide
Sylla to be sent-for; and stretches (lays) snares for the Numidian
ex sententid ejus. Deinde ubi dies advenit,
according-to the opinion of him. Then when the day came,

et nunciatum-est ei Jugurtham abesse  haud
and it was announced to him Jugurtha to be-distant not

procul, procedit obvius, quasi causa
far, he proceeds opposite (towards), as-if by cause (for the sake)

honoris, cum paucis amicis et nostro questore,
of honour, with afew friends and our questor, [Sylla,]

in tumulum facillumum visu insidiantibus.
unto a hillock very-easy to be seen to (those) lying-in-wait.

Numida accedit eddem cum plerisque suis
The Numidian approaches to the same (place) with most-of his

necessarlis inermis, ut dictum-erat; ac
friends unarmed, as had been said (appointed); and

statim signo dato, invaditur § undique
[immediately] a signal being given, he is attacked from-every-side

simul ex insidiis.  Ceeteri obtruncati (sunt) :
together from the ambuscades. The rest were slaughtered:

Jugurtha traditur vinctus Sulle, et deductus
Jugurtha is delivered-up bound to Sylla, and was conducted

ab eo ad Marium. Per idem tempus,
By . him, to Marius. Through (during) the same time,

pugnatum (est) malé advorsum Gallos ab _ nostris
it was fought badly against the Gauls by our

ducibus Q. Czepione, et M. Manlio. Quo metu

generals Quintus Cepio, and Marcus Manlius. From which fear

omnis Italia contremuerat. Que © illi et
all Italy had trembled. And those (Romans) and

‘Romani inde, usque ad nostram memoriam habuére

the Romans thence, until to our memory held

sic; omnia alia esse prona
(the matter) thus; all other (things) tobe inclined (yielding)SALLUSTII JUGURTHA. 309

suze virtuti; certare cum Gallis pro salute, non pro
totheir valour; tocontend with theGauls for safety, not fo»

gloria. Sed postquam nunciatum (est) bellum
glory. But after-that it was announced the war

confectum (esse) in Numidia, et Jugurtham adduci

to have been finished in Numidia, and Jugurtha to be led
vinctum Romam, Marius, absens, factus-est
bound to Rome, Marius, (though) absent, was made

consul, et provincia, Gallia decreta (est) ei; que
consul, and the province, Gaul was decreed tohim; and

is triumphavit consul magna gloria Januariis
he triumphed (as) consul with great glory in the Januarian

calendis. Ex e& tempestate, spes atque oped
calends. From that time, the hopes and _ resources

clvitatis sitze in illo.
of the state (were) placed in him.

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DAVID McKAY COMPANY, PhiladelphiaBOOK Iv.] OF THE GALLIC WAR. 169

ab eo  oetaginta millibus passuum, in Oceanum.
from that (than) eighty thousands of paces, into the Ocean.

Autem Rhenus oritur ex Lepontiis, qui incolunt
But the Rbine arises out of the Lepontii, who inhabit

Alpes: et fertur citatus longo spatio per _— fines
the Alps: and is borne rapid in a long distance through the territories

Nantuatium, Helvetiorum, Sequanorum, Medio-

of the Nantuates, Helvetii, Sequani, Medio-
matricorum, Tribocorum, que Trevirorum; et ubi
matrici, Tribocci, and of the Treviri; and when

appropinquat Oceano, diffluit in plures partes;

it approaches to the Ocean, it flows dividedly into more (several) parts:

multis que ingentibus insulis effectis; magna pars

many and great islands béing formed; great part
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Oceanum multis capitibus.
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11. Quum Cesar abesset ab
When Cesar might be distant (was distant) from

hoste non amplius duodecim millibus passuum,
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legati revertuntur ad eum, ut constitutum erat:
the ambassadors return to him, as it had been appointed:
qui congressi in itinere, orabant magnopere,
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ne progrederetur longits. Quum _impetrdssent
he would not advance farther. When they might have (had) obtained

non id, petebant, ‘‘utt premitteret ad
nor that, they did request, ‘that he-would send before to
eos equites, qui antecessissent agmen, que

those horsemen, who might have (had) preceded the troop (army),.and

prohiberet eos pugna: que uti faceret potestatem
would prohibit them from battle; and that he would make power

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