ee re ce ee daa a ae . pa ae See ng : er atte = \ : versity OF VIR \ \ \ oe ne’ Ce cemeaey GINIA ‘e | aJ O F UNIVERS!TL INCDEO OURS A NED YN FOU GT ‘The IN | BUFFALO = Modern. Highest Grade. OUR OWN RAPID ELECTRIC CARRIAGES EXCLUSIVELY FOR PATRONS operate continuously between the Hotel, Depots, Wharves and Business District. EUROPEAN PLAN ~ Rates, $1.50 per day and upwards. GEORGE DUCHSCHERER, Prop. LENOX HOTEL Fireproof. aCAST. AWAY — all imifations, and use only thes Koh-l-Noor, the best for strength ® and durabilify. Ask for ‘“« KOH-I-NOOR” PENCILS and SEE THAT YOU GET THEM. §& ER ae ay ali ats Pe ee = 7 WOOR" % IMADE BY L.&C.HARDTMUTH IN AUSTRIAL G OH+T* A City of Philosophers In Johnson’s time, believe Boswell, if we may little busi- ness appeared to be going forward in.” Erchfield.. “*“1 ~ found, *how- ever,’ continues very the garrulous biographer, “two strange manu- factures for so inland a place, sail-cloth and streamers for ships; and I observed them making some saddle-cloths and dressing sheep- skins; but, upon the whole, the busy hand of industry seemed to be quite slackened. ‘Surely, sir (said I), you are an idle set of people.’ “<¢ Sir (said Johnson), we are a city of philosophers, — we work with our heads.’ ”’ The Beautiful Automobile A DISCUSSION now raging con- cerns the possibility of making the automobile beautiful. are made that the Suggestions of the automobile be disguised, to fur- ther form conceal its working parts ; that it be given various “ideal” that it be adorned with figureheads or emblazoned with heraldic emblems. Trouble the varying and imperfect concepts shapes ; seems to arise from of what constitute “ beauty’ —a thing which the philosophers have never quite de- fined. way Ruskin’s law is a pretty good He said, in thing is even greatest However, in a general working hypothesis. effect, ‘that beautiful which gives evidence of being able to efficiently the created.” According to this definition the and easily perform function for which it was automobile is_ rapidly becoming beautiful. Its ‘lines’? denote strength, speed, endurance — the qualities that are aimed at in its construction. ats ideal is power, and the nearer 1t comes to the ex- pression of that ideal the nearer it approaches absolute beauty. Floors warm as the Seashore What can be nicer for our little pets (and their little pets) than a cheerful, sunlit bedroom, tempered genially and uniformly by AMERICAN [DEAL RADIATORS BOILERS Children have better health where they can freely play and exercise instead of being confined to the limited playground afforded by the heat of a stove, grate fire or hot air furnace register. You can dress them lightly and let them play safely where they will—on the floors, in the corners, at the windows or in the hallways— when the house is warmed bv Steam or Water. The floors are thus made warm as a sandy beach on a fair August day. An outfit of IDEAL Boilers and AMERICAN Radiators costs so little more to put in that the coal savings of a few Winters will more than pay the difference—and the economies will thereafter equal large dividends on the investment.: OLD buildi NESalarm or city—are easily fitted out without annoy- ance to the occupants or removing old heating metheds until ready to start fre inthe new. Ask for valuable cataiogue— free. Sales Branches and Warehouses throughout America and Europe. AMERICAN RADIATOR (OMPANY Dept. 33. CHICAGO sobs oe os oe a oe oe all os Incidentally, it must express opulence, comfort, convenience — it is the vehicle of the rich — and this it does in its big rubber tres and its gorgeous trappings. A certain frowning griimness is becoming to it, as being an The graceful contours of a yacht would engine akin to juggernaut. be out of place in an automobile. — St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Please mention INDOORS AND OUT to AdvertisersINDOORS A ei Lh HE Managing Editor will insist, now that tardy winter has at last overtaken us, upon . CS \ having a wood fire in this room. We don’t need the heat and we tremble when we ~S ‘ / think of the inevitable conclusions to be drawn by our readers - to the kind of hot- air that will emanate from the fireplace, but the Managing Editor will have it ‘that better ‘ ideas wil] radiate from the logs than from the radiator. @ After all, he is right. Nothing in this life, let us not consider the next in this connection, is so productive of | that spirit of genial sociability and cordial friendliness as the glow of a wood fire. We want that spirit to enter in to our feelings for and relationship with our readers and into their feelings for and relationship with us. ; @ We, of the staff, are trying our level best to please you all in everything we do. You will read Inpoors =] and Our because you like it ; you will like it because there will be articles in its make-up that will please and interest you ; and it is our duty to learn to give you what pleases you best. i: @ You, upon your part, can aid by indicating to us w hat articles are most interesting to you, by suggesting new lines of thought, by asking frankly for that which you want and we can give you our hands upon it that in the coming year you shall find in this publication more and more of those articles that interest you most, dressed in their most bright and pleasing form. INDOORS AND OUT FOR JANUARY WILL CONTAIN : Washington, the Winter Capital of American Architects’ Own Homes, Society, 3 By W. T. Bingham. Sixth of the INDOORS AND OUT Series. = ; ; : ee Building With Cement Blocks, Artistic Shops in American Cities, & ei A novel method of construction. By Samuel Swift. i Indoor Winter Gardens, a An Appreciation of Old Mahogany Furniture. = By Howard Ciaude. This is the first o! a series of guides = in the collection of old furniture. ° wae” aaa The Arrangement of Books in the Home, A New Garden made of an Old Apple Orchard. By /MabelHarlow: Professional Garden Matker’s Advice to the EE EAE E| Va ee and Downstairs and in My Lady's Amateur; a) 5 < mber | ~~ ‘\ amber, Known successful methods of laying out and planning = By Christine Terhune Herrick. small gardens in different sections of the country. s \ Pie (| Se z OUT to Advertiser. Please mention INDOORS ANDLN D OOFR'S. AeNED O) (Gf IE better than any others. Agents at all central points. Preserve and Beautify your Shingles by staining them with Cabot’s Shingle Stains They are made of Creosote [‘‘the best wood preservative known”’], pure | linseed oil, and the best pigments, and give soft, | (moss-greens, bark-browns, silver-grays, etc.), that look better and wear | 50% cheaper than paint. velvety coloring effects | | - 7 | Send for stained wood samples and catalogue. | | SAMUEL CABOT, Sole Manfr., 14! Milk St., Boston, Mass. Cabot’s Sheathing ‘‘ Quilt ”’ makes warm houses. The Grand Lama as Motorist Not even the sacred land of Thibet 1s to escape the power lof the Across the ‘Himalayas, in the heart of the Forbidden Land, the motor horn— if all goes well — will tootle in the courtyard of the Monastery Palace lof the Grand Lama of Tashi- (Ihunpo on Christmas morning. A car 1s going to be shipped to India, taken to pieces at Cal- -cutta, trained to Darjeeling, and (then carried on the backs of the -coolies motor-car. across the Himalayas, a idistance of five hundred miles. At the head of the Chumbi Valley the car will be pieced to- gether and run gently along the [plateaus into the Sacred Land. ‘Rivers will have to be crossed, bridges spanned, hills and moun- tains and alarmed This is the first to enter Thibet, and the peasants will look upon it as a kind The Grand Lama himself will receive special lessons “ negotiated,” villagers pacified. “auto” of foreign devil. in running the car,and when the period of instruction is overhis Hol- ness will be able to bid his chauffeur There will be no speed limit in Thibet. drive as fast as possible. The Field of the Vacuum Cleaner is wide. Furniture, carpets, wall- hangings, clothes, even dogs and horses have felt the gentle touch of this new device, but the chimney flue remains in the hands of the chimney sweep, or to the primitive method of the brick dangled at the end of a string. Most economical, healthfol and satisfactory— for old or new floors—out- wear carpets. Stocks car- ried inl eading cities THE INTERIOR HARDWOOD L Mfrs., OOR: IND FINELY POLISHED Ask for Book of Designs. ORNAMENTAL OR PLAIN, 00 OR THIN Virginia Historic Homes °° “"S rivers and bay ; select country homes in the noted Piedmont region and Valley of choice hunting preserves. Virginia; Free List. HM: OW. HILL EAR Yi &sC@.: Charlottesville, Va. GENUINE LEATHER UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE AT FACTORY PRICES. Boi your leather furniture at factory prices sav- ing from 25 to 33 1-3 %. guaranteed as to quality. finish and workmanship. Send for our new illustrated catalog No. 1g. Correspondence from banks, clubs, hotels, etc., invited. B. Z. EMMONS & CO., A handsome line of furniture for sitting room, parlor or library, fully 377-379 Broadway, New York. N. Y. WANTED '3ack Numbers of sm ladoors and Out i { Desiring to obtain un- a THIS COUPON OOO EE OOS ESOS OSS eS ES eS ese eS ese IS WORTH FIFTY If accompanied by One Doliar it will be accepted in full settlement for a SIX MONTHS’ CENTS TRIAL SUBSCRIPTION to Sudoors and Out If you wish to subscribe, give below your full name and address and send to ROGERS AND WISE CoO., Publishers, Boston tijured copies of the / ovember, 1905, issue of a fis Magazine (Vol. 1, |tS, A@me, . 0.2) we willpay FIFTY “ENTS each for copies a Address, 31 good condition* (‘that number sentto us x ogers and Wise Co. N. B. By remitting at once, a complete volume may be had, beginning with the October, 1906, issue, which is the beginning of Volume Three. ERE RE EXER RE REAR ERE RR EER ERE RE EER EERE RES Please mention INDOORS AND OUT to Advertisers URUAUT UUEN-DOORS AN D OUT [INDOORS AND QvUT For 1907 ORE pages of brilliant authoritative text, more half-tone illustrations than any other magazine of similar class. We shall uphold and encourage that sple lendid spirit w pression in the beautifying of all human environment for work and for play. he line of Architecture and Decoration in Buildings, They will be entertaining as well as practical, ] drawings ‘hich, throughout America, is seeking for ex- Our leading articles will be those best illustrating progress in t Homes, Cities and Villages, Gardens, Parks, Playgrounds and Workplaces. written by authoritative writers, and illustrated by photographs taken by our staff photographers and by origina and diagrams. “ All Sports, indoors and out, closely allied to the Home, will be featured. our readers will be illustrated and described. Mural Art and the Fine Arts, as related to homes and public buildings, will form a new Department showing artistic methods of Art Embellishment as applied to the exterior and interior. Gardening and Planting will find timely expression in each issue. These articles, written by those who know whereof they speak, will be localized, to indicate in what part of the country the reader is to be aided by them. Gardens, formal and informal, modern and old-fashioned, large and small, will be shown at their best, and those delightful adjuncts to the home, conservatories, or indoor-winter-gardens, will not be neglected. Interiors will be shown in great variety. The most charming and practical arrangement of Drawing-rooms, Dining and Living Rooms, Chambers, Dens, Nurseries, Libraries, Sun-parlors, Smoking-rooms, Billiard and Game Rooms, Gymna- The well-known games and many new to siums, Kitchens, Pantries, Laundries, Bathrooms, every nook and corner, will be illustrated by means of the best examples. Novel and unique rooms specially designed for special purposes will be an interesting branch of this department. The helpful departments for Gardener and Housekeeper will be broadened and improved. They will con- tain suggestions of the greatest practical value in surmounting all the many difficulties encountered by the Homemaker. Civic and Federal Progress along our lines will be watched with care and exploited wherever true advancement is shown in improving Towns and Cities. The Home is built. The Architect departs. The Husband’s work is done. What of her whose duty and happiness it is to keep the Home, whose life is spent in and about the house, far more than is his who made it ? A Home without a feminine guardian of its comforts is no Home at all. Our Women’s Department will aim to make their burden lighter; to give all assistance that may be needed. Articles will be written by women who understand, so much better than any mere man, the serious meaning of housekeeping difficulties. It is impossible to condense into a single page all our plans for the year. It would take an issue, in fact, it will take us twelve A few subjects taken at random. Country Clubs, Automobile Cruises, Travel, with picturesque landmarks to be found by the way, Country Estates with magnificent surroundings, Novel Ideas fur home improvement never before suggested. Most of all we shall show the small, well-designed house in town, suburb or country. Cottages and Bungalows in their most charming uses in the woods, by lake, or stream or sea. HE WHO MISSES INDGORS AND OUT Misses SOMETHING OF THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE AMERICAN HOME BEAUTIFUL Please mention INDOORS AND OUT to AdvertisersSse ih at ren aa ee eg Indoors and Out A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO THE BEAUTIFYING OF AMERICA CHIEFLY BY MEANS OF ARCHITECTURE AND THE ARTS ALLIED TO IT ROGERS VAIND WLS Ei COMPANY PUBLISHERS 85 WATER STREET BOSTON NEW YORK Copyright 1905, Rogers and Wise Co. CHICAGO . 31 Union Square, West Entered at the Boston, Mass., Post Office as Second-Class « 302 Ellsworth Building Telephone, 51 Gramerc , P 5195 yy, Mail Matter, October 14, 1905. 355 Dearborn Street SUBSCRIPTION PRICE $3.00 A YEAR IN ADVANCE. FOREIGN SUBSCRIPTIONS $4.00 SINGLE COPIES 25 CENTS For Sale by All Newsdealers in the United States and Canada and by The American News Co. and its Branches Vor. Til 1906 No. 3 Contents for December INAUGURATION Day aT THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA ‘ : Frontispiece | THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA . By William Harrison Faulkner 103 | (Wdlustrated) | A GENTLEMAN’S SHOOTING LODGE : : By M; B11 | (Wllustrated) | THE ARCHITECT AS EVANGEL . By Burton Kline 120 | | A CEMENT House CONTAINING A GARAGE . : : 7 023 | (7llustrated) CONVENIENCE IN THE PANTRY . : By Esther Stone 127 | (Jilustrated) SOME FIREPLACE MOTTOES By E. N. Vallandigham 133 THE DRrawinG—Room as IT SHOULD BE : . By Andrew Kay Womrath 137 (Wlustrated) THE GARDEN CITY COMPETITION FOR INEXPENSIVE COTTAGES : : a TA . (Lilustrated ) How ORIENTAL RUGS ARE SOMETIMES SOLD . By Arthur Urbane Dilley 149 ((ilustrated) CHRISTMAS PRESENTS FOR THE HOUSE : ‘ ; : : ee UGA. Beauty INDOORS : veeetSIS ((ustrated) FrRoM Our OFFICE WINDOW . : : : ersOh PFS £55 = } ESB ) = —— ZENS — bo od ES ae eo ages OS ie A PROFESSOR’S RESIDENCE Terminating East Lawn and now occupied by the Dean of the Law School x SS EOE OY ETI or — ; = come noeas Be THE COLONNADES AND PaviLions OF East The low portions are Student Dormitories. Those of two stories are Professors Residences. The walk at the second. story level was devised by Séfferson so that the ladies of the professors’ families coul, without descending to the lawns. Lawn ? visit each otherDEE “UN AGVGE RYS ad ee OLE eV MER AG) Ni A GENERAL VIEW OF THE CAMPUS Looking toward the Buildings recently erected and enclosing it beauty with utility. It is not necessary to go into the processes by which he reached this con- clusion; his mind was essentially clear and con- crete, opposed to the mysticism and vagueness of Gothic architecture, or to useless ornamentation of any kind. To him simplicity and utility were Hence he naturally decided upon the classic-style as best indispensable to architectural beauty. suited to his purposes. His idea of what univer- sity buildings should stand for, as well as his pre- vision of future growth, are clearly shown in a letter to Governor Nichols, in which he outlines his general plan for the idea be approved, more may be said hereafter on the opportunity these small buildings will afford of exhibiting models in architecture of the purest forms of antiquity.” This, then, 1s the original conception under- lying the architectural development of the Uni- versity of Virginia,—an academical village, ex panding from a common center, and showing in its individual parts a pleasing variety of consist- ency. The material for carrying out this concep- tion Mr. Jefferson found ready to his hand in the fourth volume of Palladio’s great sixteenth century work on ar- the university build- INS, “a wo strongly recom- mend, ‘the letter says, “‘instead of one immense building, to have a small one for every professorship, arranged at proper distances around a square to admit of extension, connected by a: piazza.“ ‘Whis village form is prefer- able to a single great building for many reasons; and should ADowe volume is devoted to chitecture. descriptive drawings and plans of various examples of classic ar- chitecture then stand- ing in Rome, and it was only necessary to combine these build- ings into one homo- geneous group. This conception and_ the completeness with which it was carried THE SERPENTINE WALLS out constitute the ini- One of the Curiosities of the University tial architectural ad- Designed by Jefferson for reasons never ascertained. They form the lanes leading from the Lawius to the Ranges vantage of the Uni-108 INDOORS A IND OZG Tt UT ere eas THE ARCADES ON WEST RANGE The Low Structures contain Student Dormitories versity of Virginia, a thorough understanding of which contributes much to an appreciation of its beauty. The center of this academic village of Mr. Jefferson’s is the great quadrangle to which he gave the name of the Lawn, a rectangle 1,000 by 300 feet, rising from south to north in three terraces, and to be enclosed on every side by the stately facades and white-columned porticoes of ancient Rome. As the visitor, ascending a broad stone stairway, reaches its southern and lowest terrace, what a vision meets his eye! Overhead a sky as blue as Italy's, around him a clear, transparent atmosphere permeated by the brilliant sunlight of Virginia, and before him, sweeping upward in three terraces, behind a double line of maples on either side of the green quadrangle, a line of white columns in the simple, calm and perfect beauty of classicart. At first the eye takes in no details, is conscious only of a vision of calm purity and strength; but soon, follow- THE FAYERWEATHER GYMNASIUM Peebles & Carpenter, Architects ing to the end of the gleam- ing facades from terrace to terrace, it soars upward, and there, midway between the two long porticoes and linked with either by a bal- ustraded terrace, rises an- other portico of stately Cor- inthian columns, supporting an ethereal dome — the Rotunda, Jefferson’s Pan- theon, the dominant note in the architectural symphony. This, the inmost citadel of the academic village, is a reproduction of the Pan- theon, on a scale of one- third. And yet something more than a reproduction,Poa -UNAGVCER Sel Aa OFF WAR GAN A i THE ARCADES ON East RANGE The Low Structures contain Student Dormitories for| by placing it on the highest point of the group of buildings and having its two porticoes rise above arch and column supported terraces, the heavy look of the Pantheon has been avoided ; the white dome seems to float rather than to rest on its sup- porting columns. [ Beneath this dome is the library of the university, and here, in the interior, the Above a circle of white Corinthian columns floats a minia- same ethereal effect has been attained. ture cloudless summer sky; behind the columns, in alcoved galleries, are the book-stacks ; and the eye, glancing from alcove to alcove through the windows, catches sight of a panorama of serene colonnades outside, amid at regular intervals by higher classic porticoes, 1s West Lawn. of these two colonnades is similar. The plan and general effect of each Beginning on a line with the Rotunda portico, each side of the quadrangle is formed by five two-story buildings occupied as residences by the senior members of the faculty, each structure imitat- ing some classic example of architecture as shown in Palladio’s work. These “ pavilions,” as they are called, are connected with each other by one-story wings, in front of which runs a low Doric colonnade, connecting the porticoes of the pavilions. These one-story wings are student waving branches and green turf. The Rotunda stands at the northern end of the Lawn, rising above balus- traded esplanades extending from each side of its two porticoes. Looking from the portico of the south front one takes in the full beauty of the entire group of buildings. On the left- hand side of the great quadrangle extends the col- onnade of East Lawn; that long line of low, white col- umns to the right, broken THE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL To which a wing is now being added at the left Paul J. Pelz, ArchitectTIO TEN DO-O-R S AND OoUeT THE ACADEMIC BUILDING Containing Cabell Hall, the Amphitheater of the Universit Mckim, Mead & dormitories. [ The southern end of the great quadrangle is formed by the Jonic portico of the Academic Building, while on each side of the same terrace stand sister buildings of the same style, all three designed in 1896 by McKim, Mead & White, who have mastered, admirably the spirit of Mr. Jefferson’s plans..]( This group of three buildings — the Academic Building, con- taining the auditorium for public exercises and the Jecture-rooms of the college and the graduate department, the Physical Laboratory and the Mechanical Laboratory —1s the only addition to the Lawn since Jefferson’s day. | At a distance of one hundred yards from the colonnades of East Lawn and West Lawn respectively, and parallel] with them, extend the arcades of East and West Range, which in Mr. Jefferson’s plan formed the White, Architects $ outer boundaries of the university. Here the Doric columns of the lawns are replaced by sturdy Roman arches, —seeming somehow to mingle the monastic seclusion of medizvalism with the strong simplicity of antique Rome. The ranges are connected with the lawns by narrow lanes at regular intervals, bordered by serpentine walls, which, though only one brick thick, have stood the wind and weather of more than eighty years. Comprehensive in scope and successful in execution as was the plan for this architectural group, quite as striking is the careful attention to architectural detail everywhere manifested. Mr. Jefferson’s avowed purpose was to give to the students in his academical village examples of the best architecture of the ancients. Hence among the pavilions on the Lawn there is no monotony. Arne Gee PEALE Each pavilion on East et Bee J tC Wey jee Me Lawn has its sister struc- GeO tyke ai West Lawn; butin each instance the two are of different classic types and there is ture facing it on norepetition. In pavilion I, for example, on West Lawn, the architecture is the Doric of Diocletian’s Baths ; facing it we have the Ionic of the Temple of Fortuna Virilis; both complete in every detail, even to the wreaths and cupids of the frieze. Far- ther down we find the THE CENTRAL FEATURE oF THE Rouss PuysicaL LABORATORY Flanking the Academic Building and balanced by a structure opposite McKim, Mead & White, Architects Corinthian portico of Pal- ladio standing over against of the same design Albano’s Doric, again theDoric of Palladio faces the Corinthian of Diocletian’s Baths; while the East and West Lawn nadesendrespectively with the Doric of the Theater of Marcellus and a variation of the colon- Ionic of the Temple Virilis. And in each of these de- tail of Roman archi- of Fortuna structures every tecture is carried out carefully and pains- takingly, indicating how thoroughly the architect had mastered his subject. |The lawns and ranges, as planned by Mr. Jefferson, forded a perfect nu- af- cleus for further ar- chitectural growth; but unfortunately Mr. Jefferson’s suc- cessors in the control of the university were not students of archi- tecture, and _ inevi- tably mistakes were made in the early ad- ditions to the original group of buildings. portico of the Rotunda a long rectangular building out architectural merit in itself, was still out of place and hopelessly weakened the stately beauty of Jefferson’s Pantheon.| Next,in the early eighties, were erected the Brookes Museum of Natural History and the University Chapel, east and west of the Rotunda respectively. [ The chapel is an excellent specimen of Norman Gothic, but out of place in its surroundings; the Brookes Museum of Natural History is a hopeless example of non- descript architecture, whose only hope of improve- ment would be total demolition, The 4rst archi- THE UNIT ER Sai ey Ove ; [ S ~KEY- K- ROTUNDA - D- REFECTORY.- M- MECHANICAL: LABORATORY A- ACADEMIC - BUILDING P - PHYSICAL - LABORATORY - X X-SITES FoR PRO- POSED BUILDINGS nirerce | HE = r + ye 4 + } F jcourr cour: i} ‘ i E 4 i ’ < } ony t 2 ' 2 eo { ! be — Vel REG NGA, 3 ,{ ae | E so { | Ol) 0) - 1 | xs 5 2 : ) | C3 Le i tis my ind [Be w ?) u 2 i al ( ? j wd S| Lacs 4 is oe Et} 2 ® Caan? laemms? on } 2 = 1H | «| Be ele S| | t=] | GI 5 ‘ } Ls 4 Sole! | a is i al E |: a | - | § = hens ( Sa See eee : Pid Ble { i oe Lea b . ae — Se oj ee cA SS —— ij—— PLAN: OF, THE-UNINVER SITY: OF VIRGINIA 100 50 oo = oo 200 aes] BLock PLAN OF THE MaIn Group OF UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS > known as the “Annex.” This building, not with- Within ten years after Jeffer- son’s death there was “‘ tacked on’’ to the north ino type, double in form, edifice. place in the scheme. tectural mistake, the Annex, was wiped out by fire in 1896, carry- ing with it all of the original Rotunda ex- cept the massive walls. [ Since this fire of 1895 no more mis- takes in architecture have beén made\, The architects, Messrs. McKim, Mead & White, to whom the restoration and most of the additions since were entrusted, mas- tered thoroughly the building scheme of Mr. Jefferson and followed it closely. The Rotunda was re- the It retains stored without Annex. the former walls of Jefferson’s structure, which were found to be sufficiently strong and in fit condition to receive the dome, re- quiring only that the top portion of thewall be reinforced with brickwork, which a dome of the Guastav- upon masonry was built, the outer shell conforming to the outlines of the exterior, and the inner, in harmony withthe interior of the The great quadrangle7of the Lawn was completed by three Jonic structures at its southern end, which had been left open by Mr. Jefferson. The Fayerweather Gymnasium, completed a year before the fire, is a pleasing example of the Corin- thian style, and though at some distance from the central group of buildings has still its appropriate The two latest additions to the university buildings, Madison Hall, the gift of Mrs. Dodge of New York City to the Young Men’s Christian Association, completed in 1906. and the University Hospital,designed by Architect11 INDOOKS Pelz of Washington and completed in 1904, both show the classic portico in keeping with their sur- roundings and indicate the lines to be followed in future growth. The hospital, facing East Range, will doubtless serve as the nucleus fora new group of buildings for the medical department, hitherto domiciled in detached structures, without architec- tural beauty, though fortunately not interfering with the total effect of the lawns and ranges. Besides this plans are already in the hands of Messrs. McKim, Mead & White for a presi- dent’s mansion, a university commons and a large dormitory building, all to be designed and located with regard to Mr. Jefferson’s original group. |Beneath these classic porticoes and serene col- onriades goes on a student life somewhat more gerious and mature in tone than in most of our American universities. | The average age of the Virginia student is considerably greater than that of his northern brother; for since the Civil War a very large proportion of southern students have had to provide themselves with the means of study. The same cause, poverty, has pro- duced also a striking simplicity of life, devoid of extravagance or ostentation. Finally, freedom of election in studies since the opening of the insti- tution and the pledge system on examinations, evolved at a very early date in its history, have combined to emphasize the importance and re- sponsibility of the individual. [ Hence in keep- ing with the strength, simple beauty and clear lines of classic architecture, the characteristics of student life in the University of Virginia may be summed up as earnestness, simplicity, individu- ality. A N D O U I versities as to call for no explanation; the pledge system, which has done much more to give a dis- tinctive tone to student life in the University of Virginia, is not so well understood. The pledge or honor system, as it 1s gener- ally known in those institutions where it is in force, originated in the university in 1839. Dur- ing this session the faculty decided to abolish all espionage In holding written examinations and to trust to the collective sense of honor of the stu- dent body as a guaranty of fairness in the answers given. Under this plan each examinee certifies on his honor, in a written pledge attached to the examination paper, that he has neither given nor received assistance of any kind during the exam- ination. Each class becomes in this way surety for each of its members. Violations of the pledge are dealt with by a court composed of the class presidents, and, in case of guilt, the offender is quickly notified that he must at once leave the university. The faculty has no jurisdiction in the matter, unless the culprit appeals from the student court, and in every case in which this has occurred the decision of the student judges has been sustained. Usually the first information of unfairness on examination which the administra- tion receives is that Mr. Blank has been expelled for cheating on examination. Intended originally to apply to examinations only, the spirit of this system has permeated the entire life of the university, and in the education of character has served as the elective system serves in the education of culture. The spirit of individual personal responsibility has affected the student’s attitude toward his fellows as well as toward the fac- Undoubted- ly the causes that have contributed most to produce this effect are the elective system In studies and the pledge sys- tem on exami- nations. The elective system has now become so general in American uni- ers e , Parish & Schroeder, Architects ulty. As a re- sult of the first, hazing 1s un- known at the University of Virginia; in the one attempt at it which has oc- curred within the past twenty years the offend- ers were so cP Nice ; ate th Ve THE New BuiLpinc or THE Y. M. C. A summarily dealt with by the stu-f= (gh CON AIV CE Kes Tt 7 OEE Val KeGUGNn [7a “THE CORONATION OF THE ‘ Hot FEET’ ”’ A typical student celebration at the University of Virginia 7 ? J S dent body that a repetition »f the offence is not likely. the honor system the student possesses an In his relations with the faculty under amount of freedom unparalleled except in the German universities, but this freedom is rarely abused. Acts of vandalism, such as too often constitute undergraduate jokes, are practically unknown; the student realizes that he is an integral element in the academic government, and plays his part of civis academicus with dignity. He gives his opinion and frequently his advice on university matters freely and seriously, because he knows that in matters between him and the faculty his word is accepted implicitly, and that every stu- dent 1s considered a man of honor until and un- less proved otherwise. Hence the freedom of intercourse and frequent personal intimacy be- tween student and professor which is one of the most delightful characteristics of life in the insti- tution. With all his responsibility and earnestness the University of Virginia student is, however, much like his brothers, North, South, East and West. nades echo frequently to the sound of revelry by These stately porticoes and classic colon- night; but the professor whose ‘slumbers are thereby disturbed may, with a clear conscience, keep his head on the pillow, confident that how- ever great the merriment may be, the university’s property and the good name of the institution are in safe-keeping under the protection of the honor system. S the mudand siush of rural] highways overflow his galoshes the enthusiast bewails the arrival ‘hat ends outdoor sports and drives f thither he must go he longs to VF only for a few months, the genial hub-bub of the country-club viazza. But how? The‘ town-country”’ club must be formed. Chicago is considering one somewhat on the lines of the winter clubs of Milwaukee, Detroit and Cleveland.A Gentleman’s Shooting Lodge For Ho.ipay Sport anp RELAXATION AWAY FROM THE To1IL AND MolL orf CITIES HE shooting- lodge, by what seems to be in England, at any rate, an almost invariable rule, has ac- quired an architectural character as much out of keeping with its sur- roundings as would ap- pear possible for it to do. Of course there are exceptions to prove this rule; ‘but, like most country and farm build- ings, and even cottages of modern construction, it has been its fate to have about it a singular lack of architectural, or any other than strictly utilitarian, qualities. In the first place, shooting- lodges are more often than not put to tem- porary use only, so that the minimum of expen- diture is laid out on them on this account; then they are so often tucked away in inaccess- ible places that it is small wonder no one ever thought it worth while to trouble much about their design. Hence it is, that in nine cases out o; ten one is horrified to come across the bald, lonely and shut-up aspect of the place, here, perhaps, a tin box buried away in the woods, or there a rough looking barn DESIGNED BY E. TURNER POWELL, F. R. I. B. A. THE GROUNDS OF * OLD BaRN A. A Grass Walk of the Garden B. Roses and Pergola C. Looking out of the Plantation perched in solitary state On its bleak and weather- beaten moor. Beyordd the score of expense, why should not a shooting-lodge be made a good piece of architectural design, carefully thought outin relation to its environ- mentandsetina planned garden howsceversmall:? Certainly, where game- keepers live all the year round in fairly close proximity, the cost of upkeep could hardly be a deterrent to some more general attempt to improve these build- ings. One can so easily picture to the mind all the possibilities for a charming little dwelling for the woods, not built of undressed logs with little or no architectural idea, but on a well-con- sidered weather-boarding, based scheme of on the many excellent examples still to hand in Southern England of eighteenth century field and village cottages — or, for a ruder clime, something on the lines of the simple and sturdy Yorkshire farms with their. gabled roofs of ] mye stone slaps lioned w’ mill-st s cocAX 000 471 &b5