SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Three Makes: Steel-Clad, All-Steel, All-Copper. Three Patterns: American, French and Roman. Three Classes: Stationary, Portable and Perambulatory. Sixty=Nine Different Kinds, ranging in price from fe.oo to #55.00 each. THE STRONGEST, And, all things consid-THE LIGHTEST, ered, the very best THE CHEAPEST, Bath Tubs in the world. ¿2« m Specified by the Leading Architects, And sold by all dealers in Plumbers’ Supplies throughout the United States and Canada. VMmore than Lp 30.000 THE 'STEEL-CLAD”BATH ^ALREADY IAI UÒE. PAt^Ct?dPa'o tradEeDmIRk rec. DETROIT Mich, rm , U.5.A. m (A/aN. v v c*£oi t ove. /v■So D. H. BURNHAM, President, CHICAGO, 11,1,.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. GEO. B. POST. First Vick-President, New York.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. EATON & PRINCE CO. . . MANUFACTURERS OF . . Reliable Electric Elevators FOR PASSENGER AND FREIGHT SERVICE, ,.WE CLAIM.. GREATEST SIMPLICITY • • GREATEST durability • • GREATEST ECONOMY OF POWER • • HIGHEST EFFICIENCY • • SMOOTHEST RUNNING SMOOTHEST STARTING AND STOPPING ■■WE CLAIM ■■ EASIEST HANDLING • • LEAST CARE AND ATTENTION • • LEAST liability TO GETTING OUT OF ORDER LEAST SKILL REQUIRED TO KEEP IN ORDER • • LEAST NUMBER OF PARTS. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR ENGINE. . . . ALSO . . . Hydraulic, Steam, Belt Power and- Hand Elevators FOR ALL PURPOSES. PARTICULARS ON APPLICATION. ®®®®®®®®® 70-76 7VY1CHiGHN Street ChicagoSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF, ARCHITECTS. 1 ■ i. ■ . .. •. —. . - .—... ■ — - — . . „—— WM. S. EAMES. Second Vice-President , Sx. Lotus, Mo.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. L. Wolff Manufacturing Company ...PLUMBING GOODS... DENVER CHICAGO MINNEAPOLIS D = 499. GENERAL OFFICES: 93 WEST LAKE ST., . . . CHICAGO.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. SAMUEL A. TREAT. Treasurer, Chicago, III.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. jelKL fiC STJP1 fi- ^fiT ST fir SMSr gr gr gr gri^ grgrgrgrgrgrip^^'gri^'i^^’grgr gja ' ?>5 >45 .45 j9 .45 .45 .45 .45.45 .45 ^5 >45 >45 .45.« .45 >45 j5 >45 >4S*>iS >45 ,>45.Jß >45 >45 >45 >45>jS JB.JS jSjSjBUS^L^. « MURPHY’S Radiator ^■¿T: Sife C & m m _••••/ VALVES ARE PACKLESS THEY WILL NOT LET STEAM OR WATER ESCAPE AT THE NECK, AND REQUIRE NO PACKING AT THE STUFFING BOX IF YOU WANT THE BEST VALVE SPECIFY— MURPHY S PACKLESS VALVE IT IS SOLD UNDER A GUARANTEE Would you like a sample of MURPHY'S PACK LESS VALVE for test or inspection ? DROP US A LINE C. P. MONASH, Manager 203 So. Canal Street, - = - CHICAGO THE D. M. QUAY SUCCESSORS TO THE O1EÜUS-HEWT0N-QUAY CO Plumbing, Steam Heating, and Ventilating, CONTRACTORS AND ENGINEERS, MONRDNOCK BLOCK, CHICAGO. Invite Attention to tbe Following Schedule of Buildings Equipped by them and Architects for same. PLUMBING: Architects. Plumbing Cost. Monadnock, Chicago, {^0fird& Roche, ’ -*».«».00 Ashland Block, Chicago, D. H. Burnham & Co., - 35,000.00 Chicago Athletic Ass’n, Chicago, Henry Ives Cobb, 50,000.00 Marquette, Chicago, Holabird & Roche, - - - 45,000.00 Architects. Plumbing Cost. Union Trust, St. Louis, Adler, Sullivan & Ramsey, $30,000.00 New York Life,Kansas City ,McKim,lMeade & White, 38,000.00 D. S. Morgan Mem., Buffalo, N.Y., Green & Wicks, 16,000.00 Ellicott Square, Buffalo, N. Y.,D. H. Burnham & Co., 50,000.00 Fisher Building, Chicago, D. H. Burnham & Co., - 25,000.00 Park Building, Pittsburgh, Geo. B. Post, - - 36,000.00 PLUMBING AND HEATING: Chicago Art Institute, Chicago, Shepley, Rut an & Coolidge, ------ Ohio Building, Cleveland, Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, ------- 162 Washington Street Building, Chicago, Jarvis Hunt,................ Medical Building, St. Louis, J. B. Legg,.............- Plumbing and Heating Cost. $45,000.00 - - - 55,000.00 26,000.00 - ■ - - 26,000.00 HEATING: Heating Cost. Marshall Field’s Retail Store, D. H. Burnham & Co., - - - - - - - - - $25,000.00 Chicago Beach Hotel, our own specifications, - - - - - - - - - - 50,000.00 Steinway Hall, Chicago, D. H. Perkins, - - - ‘ - - - - - * - - 20,000.00 Tudor Apartment, Chicago, Treat & Foltz, - 10,000.00 Reaper, Chicago, our own specifications, - - - - - - - - - - - 12,000.00SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ALFRED STONE. Secretary, Providence, R. I,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Plumbers’ Specialties 4* 4* *4* 4* Porcelain Bath Tubs THE BEST IJVIPOHTEB. *4* 41 *4* 4* *4* 4* .__CDinton’s Tiles muu hot chaze. 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* 4* filler & Coates____ 279 Pearl Street, NEW YORK The DAVID B. COMPANY.... CROCKETT —I-MAKERS OF-f—f— RINE VHRNISH our SPECIALTIES are Xiquih pigment filler. For Inside or Outside Wood Work. Superior to Shellac for under-coatings. Permanency far greater. Cost about one-fourth. Spar Composition. Composed of the best materials purchasable, is the most durable, the best known and has the largest sale of any Marine Varnish manufactured. Positively salt and fresh water-proof, is invaluable for Exterior Marine Work of any kind, Spars of Steamships, Yachts and Canoes. Also a finish for Decks, Outside Doors, Piazza Floors, Store Fronts, etc. It will not crack, turn white, or blister. 1 n 1 1Ro. I preservative. The best Interior Varnish that brains and experience can produce. Less liable to scratch than any finish known. Is not affected by contact with chemical gases, steam, or washing with hot or cold water and soap. For finishing Hospitals, Dwellings, School Houses, Floors, Piazza Ceilings, Stables, Pantries, Laboratories, etc. Wla ter uproot floor finish. For Interior Floors, Laundries, Wash Rooms, Oil Cloths, Linoleums or where a varnish is required that can be frequently washed with hot or cold water and soap without injury, and will resist the action of steam and ammoniac gases. OFFIGE AND FACTORY: BRIDGEPORT, CONN., U. S. A.SOUVENIR OF THE TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE American Institute of Architects TO BE HELD AT THE ST. NICHOLAS HOTEL LOCUST AND EIGHTH STS. October 1 çth, 16th and 17th ST. LOUIS. MO. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MDCCCLXXXXVSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The Yale & Towne Manufacturing ComPany Yale Locks Builders’ Hardware Art Metal Work Yale Stylo-Chiselry revival of the ancient art of incising metals, retaining all its beauty, possibility and individuality, but accomplished by methods developed during years of patient investigation and expensive experiment, whereby work of this kind can now be produced at a small fraction of the cost involved by any methods heretofore known. NEW YORK, 84-86 Chambers St. SALES ROOMS BOSTON, 224 Franklin St. BUFFALO, 7-8 Builders’ Exchange. CHICAGO, 152-154 Wabash Ave. PHILADELPHIA, 1120 Market Street. SAN FRANCISCO, Mills Building. ( STAMFORD, CONN. WORKS :] l BRANFORD, CONN. GENERAL OFFICES: 280 BROADWAY, NEW YORK.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. OFFICERS FOR 1895. President, - - - DANIEL H. BURNHAM, Chicago, 111. Secretary, - ALFRED STONE, Providence, R. I. Treasurer, - - SAMUEL A. TREAT, Chicago, 111. VICE - PRESIDENTS. First Vice-President, - - *GEORGE B. POST, New York, N. Y. Second Vice-President, - - *WILLIAM S. EAMES, St. Louis, Mo. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. FOR THREE YEARS. »LOUIS H. SULLIVAN, Chicago, 111. CHARLES L- CUMMINGS, Boston, Mass. GEORGE C. MASON, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. E. I. NICKERSON, Providence, R. I. THEODORE C. LINK, St. Louis, Mo. W. L. B. JENNEY, Chicago, 111. SAMUEL HANNAFORD, Cincinnati, Ohio. WILSON EYRE, Philadelphia, Pa. FOR TWO YEARS. E. H. KENDALL, New York, N. Y. CASS GILBERT, St. Paul, Minn. C. F. SCHWEINFURTH, Cleveland, Ohio. »THOMAS HASTINGS, New York, N. Y. G. A. FREDERICK, Baltimore, Md. HENRY VAN BRUNT, Kansas City, Mo. JEREMIAH O’ROURKE, Orange, N. J. ROBERT STEAD, Washington, D. C. FOR ONE YEAR. THEOPHILUS P. CHANDLER, Jr., Phila, Pa. JOSEPH F. BAUMANN, Knoxville, Tenn. GEORGE W. RAPP, Cincinnati, Ohio. A. F. ROSENHEIM, St. Louis, Mo. WILLIAM G. PRESTON, Boston, Mass. R. W. GIBSON, New York, N. Y. W. W. CLAY, Chicago, 111. C. H. JOHNSON, St. Paul, Minn. These, with President, Secretary and Treasurer ex-officio, for Executive Committee.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. dLSEN’S PORTLAND CCHCNT accompanying cut represents the Village Hall ov South Orange, N. J. The walls above the first floor, the gables and tower are plastered with Alsen’s Portland Cement, making a very handsome and unique piece of work. The Architects of above building write us as follows: Alsen’s Portland Cement is admirably adapted for exterior plaster work, being of a fatty or adhesive nature, and working well under the trowel. It is the best Cement for this or any other purpose that we know of. Respectfully, Rossiter & Wright, 47 Liberty St. fllsen’s Portland Cement Has been used in many of the finest buildings in the country, and by architects of prominence, the following ....................being a few: .... Manhattan Life Insurance Company, Kimball & Thompson, Architects. Residence of John Jacob Astor. New York, R. M. Hunt, Architect. Residences of the Vanderbilts, at New York, Newport, and Biltmore, N. C., R. M. Hunt, Architect. American Surety Building, Bruce Price, Architect. Home Life Insurance Building, N. LeBrun & Sons, Architects. Auditorium, Chicago, Adler & Sullivan, Architects. The Rookeries, Chicago, Burnham & Root, Architects. Alsen’s Portland Cement, Carnegie Music Hall Addition, W. B. Tuthill & Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architects. Planters’ Hotel, St. Louis. NEW YORK OFFICE Southern Hotel, St. Louis. Wainwright Building, St Louis. ________________ ___________143 LIBERTY STREET. NEW YORK ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT GOMPflNY S. BERGMANN, PRESIDENT. -» BULK CONTRACTORS ...Motors. Dynamos, Arc and Incandescent Lamps,... ^ N ELECTRIC LIGHT APPLIANCES, Etc., Etc. Mrloal work Description, Wiring id construction GENERAL OFFICES: BRANCH OFFICE: 572 to 578 First Avenue, Gor. 83rd St. ^ 59 Duane Street, Corner Elm Street, Telephone lZ9—3Stii St. Telephone 16 Franklin. NEW YORKSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. STANDING COMMITTEES FOR 1895. COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE. RICHARD M. HUNT, Chairman, New York, N. Y. WILLIAM LE BARON JENNEY, Chicago, 111. R. S. PEABODY, Boston, Mass. C. F. McKIM, New York, N. Y. HENRY VAN BRUNT, Kansas City, Mo. committee on education. HENRY VAN BRUNT, Chairman, Kansas City, Mo. PROF. WILLIAM R. WARE, New York, N. Y. PROF. N. CLIFFORD RICKER, Champaign, 111. A. W. LONGFELLOW, Boston, Mass. THEOPHILUS P. CHANDLER, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa. COMMITTEE ON UNIFORM CONTRACT. SAMUEL A. TREAT, Chicago, 111. ALFRED STONE, Providence. R. I. GEORGE W. RAPP, Cincinnati, Ohio. COMMITTEE ON CONSERVATION OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS. RICHARD M. UPJOHN, Chairman, New York, N. Y. Presidents of the Several Chapters. COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION AND LIBRARY. W. L. B. JENNEY, Chicago, 111. R. W. GIBSON, New York, N. Y. THEO. C. LINK, St. Louis. Mo. HENRY VAN BRUNT, Kansas City, Mo. CASS GILBERT, St. Paul, Minn. Note—Officers elected enter upon their term of office January ist, and continue until December 31st,'unless re-elected, except in case of Directors for two and three years.SOUVENIR AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS The largest and best equipped Elevator Works in the world 'THE OTIS ELEVATORS 1 to be the best. are acknowledgedSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. LIST OK CHAPTERS . . OF THE . . AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. 1895 BALTIMORE CHAPTER, J. Appeeton Wilson, Sec., Baltimore, Md. BOSTON CHAPTER, H. Langford Warrkn, Sec., Boston, Mass. BROOKLYN CHAPTER, A. G. Thomson, Sec., Care J. L. Mott Iron Works, 90 Beekman St., New York, N. Y. BUFFALO CHAPTER, J. R. Porter, Sec., American Block, Buffalo, N. Y. CINCINNATI CHAPTER, Charges Crapsey, Sec , Cincinnati, O. CLEVELAND CHAPTER, Wm. W. Sabin, Sec., 33 Blackstone Bldg., Cleveland, O. COLORADO CHAPTER, E. R. Rice, Sec., Club Bldg., Denver, Colo. ILLINOIS CHAPTER, F. W. Perkins, Sec. Chicago, 111. INDIANAPOLIS CHAPTER, Indianapolis, Ind. IOWA CHAPTER, Eugene H. Tayeor, Prest., Cedar Rapids, Iowa. KANSAS CITY CHAPTER, W. C. Root, Sec., Kansas City, Mo. MICHIGAN CHAPTER, R. E. Raseman, Sec., Buhl Block, Detroit, Mich. MINNESOTA CHAPTER, C. H. Johnston, Sec., St. Paul, Minn. OHIO CHAPTER, George W. Kramer, Sec., Akron, O. NEW YORK CHAPTER, A. J. Beoor, Sec., 18 Broadway, New York, N. Y. PHILADELPHIA CHAPTER, A. J. Boyden, Sec., Philadelphia, Pa. RHODE ISLAND CHAPTER, F. J. SawtEEEE, Sec., Providence, R. I. SAN FRANCISCO CHAPTER, Oeiver Everett, Sec., San Francisco, Cal., SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAPTER, Arthur B. Benton, Sec., 114 North Spring St., Los Angeles, Cal. SOUTHERN CHAPTER, W. P. Tinseey, Sec., Lynchburg, Va. ST. LOUIS CHAPTER, A. F. Rosenheim, Sec., 915 Union Trust Bldg, St. Louis, Mo. WASHINGTON CHAPTER, Leon E. Dessez, Sec., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON STATE CHAPTER, Chartes W. Saunders, Sec., Seattle, Wash. WESTERN NEW YORK CHAPTER, H. H. Bickford, Sec., Elmira, N. Y. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA CHAPTER, John M. Aeston, Sec., Pittsburgh, Pa. WISCONSIN CHAPTER, Howeand Russeee, Sec., Milwaukee, Wis. WORCESTER CHAPTER, Chartes H. Lincoen, Sec., Worcester, Mass.ambeiT amlshi iaKer.s H0U5e AMD HOME SPECIAL-^5 Spar varnism ■¿This Varnish'was originally made by us for Spars, Masts 1 woodwork on ships and yachts, hence its name “Spar;” 1 having proved such an excellent article for that purpose we commend it to the painters and the public in general who have long felt the need of a first class Varnish For all exposed k, like front doors, bath rooms, shingles, blinds, store fronts, hard and soft woods, it has not an equal. 38 PRESERVATIVE VARNI5HE5 A FIRST-CLASS interior finish for any and all purposes where QUALITY is the first consideration. This finish is very much like our Spar Varnish, but is intended more for inside work. As its name implies, it preserves and developes the different kinds of woods in their natural beauty. It is not affected by either hot or cold water, nor by steam generated in bath-rooms, and will not crack, blister or turn white. IIP (ABINliT VARNISH Superior to any Hard Oil Finish This Varnish flows freely, gives a very high lustre,and will rub nicely for dead finish. Dries hard in about 24 hours, and will not crack, peel off or mar. A very durable interior wood finish for all woodwork in churches, schools, dwellings furniture, etc., either on. hard or soft woods. VANISH ?\AKEJ^S. T^evYork. (¡ÌICAGO N/s\/Olo"ttSinU rfp AnV Kind a’Bunding without first reading 1 iCVt/[ |( 111 ir\ (Jl those books, “ Finishing and Staining of Natural building Woods,” or “Interior Finish of a Modern House. Mailed upon receipt of four cents in stamps 47 John Street and 5 Dutch Street ' MEW YORK H? 61 FLOOR VARHI5H A VERY SUPERIOR VARNISH FOR FLOORS This is an easy working Varnish made expressly for floors. It is exceedingly durable, drying hard over night; does not crack, turn white or blister, and is not affected by either hot or cold water. Recognizing that time of drying is a great feature in floor Varnishes, we have made our; No. 61 Floor Varnish with this end in view, combining quick drying with durability and elasticity. 370to37ölwen1y-Sixih Street 1 1 CHICAGO SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. DARDS i lü>ra®BíiL© g>g BM hey are (HQ a superior ^ |> and safe-jfuard PWUJ @K§ & from Snow-slides. jjfrfa, , jjflg ...THE HEW f/IODEIi... pltSOfl SNOW GUARDS Are indispensable on. .. Church and Hospital l^oofs Where the disturbance caused by rumbling snow is a serious annoyance. They should also be used in valleys where snow accumulates and makes dangerous slides. We make them for Suatk, ShinguF and Tiu£ Roofs. ______ Edmund M. Wheelwright & Andrews, Jaqufs & Rantouu, of Boston, Mass. GClE I^EpEl^ TO ... McKim, Mkad & Whitf, and Cady, Bfrg & LKK, of New York City. 7 ” ~ Bkkrs, Clay & Dutton, of Chicago ; and Yost & Packard, of Columubus, Ohio. SPECIFY THE FOIiSOM HEW JWODEIi SHOW GÜÄHÖS. THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST/ Architects Should always Specify .... Æk*. 4Vv,vn%V 'mbèbbbèbbbksi^sx^ss ^ÊÊÊBSSk ^¡¡¡P ^4? . Silver lake “A’ Solid Braided Sash Cord. ^Silver Lake Company BOSTON, MASS. Manufacturers of. SOLID BRAIDED WINDOW SASH CORD, Cotton, Linen and Italian Hemp, Etc., Etc., Etc. For sale by...... All first-class dealers in Hardware. m -V rn- SEE THAT OUR LABEL AND TRADE MARK IS ON EVERY HANK OR COIL.-*8SOUVENIR AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The Twenty-Ninth Annuae Convention will be held at St, Nicholas Hotel, St. Louis, on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday, October 15, 16 and 17, 1895. ©l'òer of proceedings. Tuesday, October 15. MORNING SESSION—io A. M. The members of the Institute will assemble in the Banquet Hall of Hotel promptly at io A. m. ; will register their names, and at 10:30 sharp the President of the Institute, Mr. Daniel H. Burnham, of Chicago, will deliver the annual address, after which the Convention will be declared open for business. ORDER OF BUSINESS. 1. Report of the Board of Directors. 2. Report of the Treasurer and appointment of the Auditing Committee. 3. Reports of Chapters, a synopsis of which will be read by the Secretary. 4. Reports of the Standing Committees: Committee on Foreign Correspondence, W. L- B. Jenney, Chairman. Committee on Education, Henry Van Brunt, Chairman. Committee on Publication and Eibrary, W. L- B. Jenney, Chairman. Committee on Uniform Contract, S. A. Treat, Chairman. Committee on Conservation of Buildings, R. M. Upjohn, Chairman. Committee on Fire Protection, T. M. Clark, Chairman. 5. Consideration of the Annual Address of the President, of the report of Board of Directors, and of the reports of the Chapters and Standing Committees, followed by the appointment of Special Committees to which recommendations contained therein shall be referred. 6. Report of Special Committee on the Proportionate Representation of Chapters in the Board of Directors, and consideration of the same, and of proposed amendments to the By-Laws. It is proposed that this session shall be continuous with the exception of a recess for luncheon at the St. Nicholas Hotel as guests of the St. Louis Chapter.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ESTABLISHED 1844. PEERLESS COLORS TILES AND MOSAICS FOR MORTAR AND INTERIOR FINISH. PLASTERS FOR EVERY PURPOSE. CEMENTS IMPORTED PORTLANDS AND DOMESTIC ROSENDALE. Crown Paints READY-MIXED IN PURE LINSEED OIL. OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. MANTELS WOOD AND SLATE. GRATES AND FIRE-PLACE GOODS. COLORS DRY, IN OIL, JAPAN AND DISTEMPER. A RCHITECTU RALORNAMEN TSFOR INTER,0R DECORAT,ON- FROM SPECIAL DESIGNS. SEND FOR CATALOGUE AND CIRCULAR. Samuel H. French &, Co., PAINTERS’ AND BUILDERS' SUPPLIES, PHILADELPHIA, PA. mÊÈÈÎÈÈÊM wÊÊÊÊÊm immI Phevreul ■IDieb at 103. ! E is the Father of the true principles of Color Harmony. He applied his theories in a most successful manner as Head of the World-Famed Gobelin Tapestry Factories. HE WAS A PRACTICAL COLORIST E have applied his principles to the selection of colors for the exterior decoration of frame buildings of all kinds. Our sample cards show the application, and suggest where and how to use the colors. Reflect, and you will admit that *‘structural power and knowledge of style are more common than the coloring faculty.” We have studied the subject carefully for many years. The benefit of our experience may be of value to you. send FOR cards. JOHN LUCAS & CO., Manufacturers, PHILADELPHIA, NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. mSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. EVENING SESSION—8 P. M. There will be a formal reception at the Museum of Fine Arts as guests of the St. Fouis Chapter, on the occasion of the opening of the Exhibition of the St. Fouis Architectural Club, and an address of welcome by His Honor, Cyrus P. Walbridge, Mayor of St. Fouis. Wednesday, October 16. MORNING SESSION—io a. m. 1. Reports of Special Committees and Committees appointed at the opening session. 2. Unfinished business of previous day. 3. Papers. (a) Professional Relations Between Architects and Clients—N. C. Ricker, F. A. I. A., Professor of Architecture in the University of Illinois. (b) Co-operation versus Competition—Norman S. Patton, F. A. I. A., Chicago. (c) Suggestions for Increasing the Influence of the Institute Among the Architects of the Southwest, and at the same time the Elevating of the Profession Before the Public—James B. Cook, Ph. D., F. A. I. A., Memphis, Tenn. 4. Appointing of Committees to nominate officers of the Institute for the ensuing year, and to sug- gest a place in which to hold the next Annual Convention. The morning session will be followed, as guests of the St. Fouis Chapter, by a luncheon at the St. Nicholas Hotel and a carriage drive in the afternoon through the residence portion of the city and the parks, and on the return drive a luncheon at the “Columbian Club,” or a steamboat excursion on the river. EVENING SESSION—8 p. m. A memorial meeting to the memory of Ex-President Richard Morris Hunt, FF. U., F. A. I. A., Honorary Member R. I. B. A., etc., with a eulogy by Henry Van Brunt, F. A. I. A., of Kansas City, followed by George B. Post, Vice-President A. I. A., and others. After this meeting is adjourned, the Fellows of the Institute are invited to a “Smoker” at the Mercantile Club as guests of the St. Fouis Chapter. Thursday, October 17. MORNING SESSION, 1. Reports of Committees and their consideration. 2. Unfinished Business. 3. Papers, (a) Prevention of Discoloration of Plaster Applied to Fireproof Work and Damp Walls. F. DeCoppet Berg, F. A. I. A., New York. (¿) Woods of the State of Washington—George W. Bullard, F, A. I. A., Tacoma, Wash. 4. Election of Officers and others, and selection of a place for the next Annual Convention. 5. Miscellaneous Business.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Buy the Best, Strongest and Most Economical. -Ricketson’s Mortar Colors $ed, Brocun, Smr by P I Black, Buff, AND ALL SPECIAL SHADES. Chemically Proven the Purest and Strongest Colors Manufactured. Ricketson Mineral Paint Works, MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN. Reading Hardware Cotipany Manufacturers of...- ftvi ffcipdwape ii VASSAR” Cylinder Locks and Latches ....And Fine Door Locks of All Kinds. A Constantly Increasing Variety of New and Original Designs to Suit the Requirements of Every Style of Architecture....................... Factories and .....Main Offic Reading, Pa. Warehouses and... . . . Sample Rooms: NEW YORK, 96 and 98 Reade Street. PHILADELPHIA, 617 Market Street. CHICAGO, 73 Wabash Avenue.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. -HOUND Citt Hardware Cohpant, ion OLIVE STREET, ST. LOUIS, MO., Builders’ Hardware. - ------------ HEADQUARTERS Reading Hardware Company ...Art Metal Hardware... H. W. Quernheim_______ Manager. CORRESPONDENCE ESTIMATES SOLICITED...... FURNISHED. Metal Fire-Proofing and Construction Company. G. M. VIERNOW, PROPRIETOR, MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN PATENT SHEET METAL Floor Joists, Ceiling Joists, Partition Studs, Rafters, Stair Stringers, Plaster Lath of all Sizes and Strength,.. ...... FOR.... Residences, Office and Store Buildings of All Kinds. IF YOU WILL INVESTIGATE THIS SYSTEM OF CONSTRUCTION YOU WILL WANT TO USE IT. 1116-18-20 North 7th Street, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The morning session will be followed by a luncheon, as guests of the St. Eouis Chapter. Prompt attendance on the successive sessions, at the hours indicated, is very particularly requested, otherwise the business of the Convention can not be fully accomplished. The afternoon will be reserved for a visit to Anheuser-Busch Brewery; and the residue of the day, if any, or part of the following day, will be devoted by resident architects to showing visiting architects such current building work under construction, and prominent buildings already erected, as the latter may desire to see. EVENING. Visiting architects will be taken to the Theatre or Exposition. COMMITTEE OF ARRANGEMENTS. Gforgf B. Post, Cass Gilbert, W. W. Clay, FROM THE) A. I. A. A. F. Rosfnhlim, Charles K. Ramsky, Thomas C. Young, Wm. B. Ittnfr, E. A. Manny, FROM THF ST. FOUIS CHAPTFR. Per order of the Committee, Affrkd Stonk, Secretary A. /. A. ANY AMERICAN ARCHITECTS are familiar with the Electrical Goods made and sold by the Central Electric Company of Chicago. It is with the hope of introducing ourselves to other members of the A. I. A. that we use this space. At all times and at every opportunity we have urged upon Architects and Contractors the wisdom and advisability of using a higher and better grade of Electrical Goods. Such a course cannot fail of reflex adtion, salutary and favorable to them. The question of Eight is of too much importance to admit of careless or indifferent consideration. We are to-day, as in the past, ready to aid the Architects with all the information we have on this subjedt. What we know is yours for the asking. We have type-written specifications for Eledtrical Wiring, which can be incorporated with any other specifications prepared in your office. We distribute these with a view of promoting excellence in this class of work, and for the purpose of supplying Architedts with that portion of their specifications which they sometimes find it is necessary to have prepared outside of their own office. If you are interested sufficiently to write for a copy, we will be glad to supply you. We are the general Western distributors of Okonite Wires, and also for the admirable system of house wiring known as Interior Conduit. A Catalogue of our Eledtrical Supplies will be sent to any member of the A. I. A. upon application. BRANCHES: St. Louis—Southern Electrical Supply Company. Kansas City—Gate City Electric Company. CENTRAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, 173 and 175 Adams Street, CHICAGO.A REVIEW OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE QF ARCHITECTS WITH AN OUTLINE OF ITS EARLY HISTORY AND A SUMMARY OF SOME OF THE MOST VALUABLE PAPERS READ AT RECENT CONVENTIONS By JAMES COX, SECRETARY OF THE BUSINESS MEN’S LEAGUE OF ST. LOUIS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE INSTITUTE FOR THE SOUVENIR OF THE TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL CONVENTION ST. LOUIS, 1895 The authorities drawn upon are A. J. Bloor, F. A. I. A. (1890 and 1894), G. W. E. Field (1894), and the official publications of the Institute.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. tSTYi ESTABLISHED 1857 375 ¿p 377 LEXINGTON AVE: Cor: 41ST5t: YORK . A, ; Draperies ; ; Vplpolafery : Furniture ^ WoodworK . Decoration * ter rDovcbe *> eOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. IXTY YEARS have nearly elapsed since the first steps were taken for the formation of a national association of architects on a broad plan. The twelve or thirteen archi-1 itects who met in Philadelphia in December, 1836, and in New York five months later, were modest in their ideas but earnest in their intentions. The United States has been described by foreigners as a nation of associations, institutions and conventions. At the present time no country in the world can boast of such ; eneral organization in its trades and professions as ours. The great convention cities, notably St. Louis and Chicago, have welcomed the official representatives of nearly all professions and trades. Association for mutual protection and for the advancement of interests needs no defense or commendation in the year of our Lord One Thousand Eight Hundred and Ninety-Five. “ United we stand, divided we fall” is a motto whose worth and logic is admitted by business and professional men generally. In an age of hurry and bustle, with every man making haste to be rich before his neighbor has a chance to get ahead of him, co-operation in its highest and noblest sense is absolutely indispensable. It is doubly valuable and trebly commendable when its principal object is to elevate the tone of a profession, and to remind its members of what they owe to themselves as gentlemen and men of honor, as well as to the clients who commit their interests to their care. It is doubtful if any combination or association in the world has a higher ideal, or represents these subjects more systematically than the American Institute of Architects. To-day it needs no word of eulogy. One of its greatest objects, and probably its greatest, is the endeavor to keep underhanded methods out of the profession of architecture. The policy it recommends to its members is to be sure they are right and then go ahead. It insists upon a dignified method of procedure, forbids any pandering, or irregularity, or smallness, and by interchange of ideas gives the reputable architects in the country, and through them the investing and building public, the benefit of every tried and proved idea and improvement in practical as well as theoretical architecture. But fifty years ago the value of associations was not so generally admitted as now. Hence it is not surprising that the first attempt to establish a national association of American Architects proved a failure. As Mr. A. J. Bloor in his admirable historical sketch says: “It was impossible that the first attempt should succeed. The members were but a handful at the best, and they lived too far apart to gather from each other the warmth and sustenance and strength necessary for a brotherhood. It flamed up, flickered, flamed up again, but finally died out.” The short-lived embryo institute was known as the American Institution of Architects, a name which it will be noticed is almost identical with that selected and retained by the powerful and successful organization which is in a large measure the outgrowth of the early effort. None of the pioneers in architectural association are alive at the present time. Many of them, indeed most of them, lived long enough, however, to see the Institute receive its second birth and bud into healthy and vigorous maturity. One of the original organizers, Mr. Alexander J. Davis, survived that memorable meeting in Philadelphia some fifty-six years. Others of the early workers were enabled to attend a great many conventions and to contribute liberally to the wealth of research which these conventions have brought before the members. It is to be regretted for more reasons than one that the records of the birth, early struggles and final collapse of the old Institution are meagre in the extreme. History repeats itself with soSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. much regularity, and the events of the past form such an admirable code of rules for our guidance in the present, that a good deal more should be learned to advantage of this first effort than records in existence make possible. Twenty years after this first effort another attempt was made to unite the architects of this country for self - protection and mutual improvement. In 1857 surviving members of the old Institution united with some new blood and obtained from the Supreme Court a charter giving the necessary powers and safeguards. An energetic commencement of work followed, but the times were exceedingly inappropriate for a movement of the kind. The rumblings which foreshadowed the war had already been heard, and when the Institute was but four years old the bulk of its members were compelled to ignore the claims of their profession in order to take up arms in behalf of the preservation of the Union. All operations were necessarily suspended, and for a time it looked as though fate was altogether opposed to architectural combination. RENEWED EFFORTS AFTER THE WAR. As soon as the war was over those who had prophesied the early collapse of the revived movement found their predictions falsified, for work was recommenced with marked vigor. The parent body was strengthened by the formation of local chapters in the principal centers. New York was the first, followed two years later by Philadelphia, with Chicago, Cincinnati and Boston following in close or er. Baltimore fell into line in 1871 and the number gradually increased until, as the reports presented to the 1895 convention will show, the American Institute of Architects is now one of the most strictly national associations of its kind in the United States. Mr. A. J. Bloor, in his work entitled “The Architectural and Other Art Societies of Europe,” written two years after the American Institute really commenced actual work, laid down in very eloquent and appropriate terms the great principles and objects of this useful body. He called attention to the fact that no matter how American Architects might differ in other respects, none of them could be blind to the fact that, isolated, they could not give to each other the support that would be possible if the members of the profession all over the country stood upon a common platform of professional principles. “We are,” he wrote, “the organized representatives of an active and every year more potential profession; and practical men for practical purposes must accept the facts around them. If the architectural calling in this country, contrary to its antecedents in the other hemisphere, finds itself destitute of the art atmosphere of the classic era; deprived in its parts of the protective guild appliances of the Middle Ages and in its totality without the governmental appliances of recent times; while at the same time it is surrounded on a 1 sides by well-concerted and powerful organizations in the interest of other professions and of commerce, manufactures and finance — with which, nevertheless, in the universal struggle for self-preservation, it has, in a certain degree, to compete—how can it adequately perform its duty either to the age and nation or to itself and its successors, without some similar self-sustaining combination ? ” This ably expressed argumentary theory formed the text upon which was based every plea made on behalf of the young Institute. At first there were no paid officers, and the Secretary was given the Pickwickian privilege in the early days of the Institute of not only working for nothing, but of paying out of his own pocket a large proportion of the unavoidable expenses incurred. Mr. R. M. Hunt served as Secretary for four years, Mr. C. D. Gambrell for three years, Mr. George C. Mason, Jr., for three and a half years, Mr. A. J. Bloor for nearly ten years, and other gentlemen for a shorter period.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Mr. Richard Upjohn, architect of Trinity and St. Thomas Churches in New York, was the first President of the Institute, holding the position for nearly twenty years. This able presiding officer was succeeded by Dr. Thomas U. Walter, known throughout the English - speaking world as the Architect of the Capitol Building at Washington. Dr. WTalter continued as President until his death, his services extending over a period of eleven years. Mr. J. C. Wells was the first active Treasurer, but Messrs. R. G. and O. P. Hatfield successively guarded the Institute’s finances for thirty years. Dr. Walter was followed in the Presidency by Mr. R. M. Hunt, who in turn was succeeded by Mr. E. H. Kendall. Mr. D. H. Burnham, of World’s Fair renown, next became President, a worthy successor to the able men he follows. From the very first the Institute has been a strong debating body. During the first few years of its life it held an annual dinner on Washington’s birthday. During this early period of its work these dinners took the place of conventions, and, although the papers read were not as lengthy or as formal as in later years, the discussions were invariably practical and to the point. There are no records of a reliable character in existence of these debates, which do not appear to have been reported with much care. The adoption of the local chapter system twenty-eight years ago made it absolutely necessary to hold an annual business convention. This was accordingly done, and the conventions have been of immense value to all the members, and especially to those who attend a majority of them. Eocal and sectional jealousies have been harmonized, members have learned much from each other by exchanging valuable notes, and social ties have been created very pleasing in themselves and very valuable from a business standpoint. Seven times these annual deliberations have been held in New York City, and four times in Chicago. Boston, Philadelphia and Cincinnati have each welcomed the Nation’s leading architects three times, and conventions have also been held in Baltimore, Washington, Providence, Nashville, Buffalo and Albany. Now, for the first time, vSt. Eouis is given an opportunity of showing the members of the Institute how thoroughly it knows how to entertain, and how much progress it has made in art and architecture during the last few years. SUBJECTS DEBATED. At these conventions subjects of the most varied character have been discussed. These include 4 ‘ Thoughts on Architecture, ” u Thoughts on Style, ” “ Painting and Sculpture, ” “ Technical Proportion,” “A New Style,” “Wall and Window Decorations,” “Comparative Architecture,” and a host of other subjects in the same line. As an evidence of the practical nature of the discussions it may be mentioned that the building laws of this and other countries have been very carefully handled, not only at the conventions, but by the different chapters. In a country where personal liberty is a watchword and where there is a general tendency in different communities to encourage building of every kind, regardless of art or beauty, the building-law question is one difficult indeed to consider and more delicate to legislate upon. In pioneer communities and in many cities of comparative magnitude, liberty in regard to building is nothing but unbridled license. People build where and how they like. In the crowded cities of Europe the most severe rules are enforced for the benefit of adjoining property holders, and for the health of proposed occupants. In some of the Eastern cities of this country there has been a tendency to adopt these European rules, and one great benefit derived from the annual conventions has been an interchange of experiences and a pointing out of advantage and defects in different regulations. Mr. A. J. Bloor, the indefatigable worker already referred to more than once, on one occasion issued a circular letter to members of the Institute asking for replies to a series of questions upon the theme covered by the lengthy but comprehensive title ‘(Suggestions Towards the Best andOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Speediest Methods for Harmonizing and Neutralizing all the Architectural Societies in the United States. ” Mr. Burnham replied to the questions by a paper of great value, which ought to be regarded by every member as a standard work on the Institute and its importance. In this connection it may be stated that six years ago the American Institute of Architects was strengthened by the admission into its fold of the Western Association of Architects. This body was formed in the year 1884. It was not by any means hostile to the Institute, and indeed followed its lead very closely in all details, occupying very much the position of a large and influential local chapter. It was organized by men who thought the interests of the West demanded special recognition, and who thought that the conditions in the East and West were so different that a separate organization could probably exist to mutual advantage. But a few years’ experience proved otherwise, and the amalgamation of the two bodies was heralded by the leading members of each as a grand achievement and as one which promised to add greatly to the strength of the American Institute. The union has proved to be beneficial and satisfactory, and there are no more loyal supporters of the Institute than those who formerly took a leading part in the councils of the old Western Association. Other subjects treated at length in the conventions have included iron and fire-proof construction, building soils, foundations, concretes, mortars, masonry and other strictly practical subjects. Contributions on colonial and other forms of architecture have been made by Messrs. Richard Upjohn, U. U. Smithmeyer, P. B. Wight, R. M. Hunt, R. S. Peabody, A. Cluss, C. A. Cummings, W. A. Potter, H. M. Congdon, M. F. Bell and others. Church architecture has been dealt with very fully. Prominent among those who have read papers on this subject have been Messrs. R. S. Peabody, C. C. Haight, J. H. Hopkins and C. A. Cummings. Mr. J. H. McNamara made some exceedingly appropriate remarks on one occasion upon “Domes and Towers,” and Mr. D. Adler discoursed at length on “Theatres.” Mr. J. C. Cady read a paper on “Opera Houses,” and other members have handled technical subjects so fully that a file of the annual proceedings has become almost an exhaustive treatment of architectural questions of every description. One subject which has naturally formed the subject of careful consideration has been a schedule of minimum charges. On October 23rd, 1884, a very equitable schedule was adopted by the Institute, and three weeks later the Western Association of Architects made the schedule practically national by adopting it without amendment. Five years later, upon the amalgamation of the Western Association with the American Institute, it became necessary to reaffirm or amend the scale. Five years’ experience had proved the schedule to be satisfactory to all parties. Under it five per cent upon the cost of the work is the minimum charge for full professional services, including supervision. In case of abandonment of work, or for partial service, one per cent is the minimum to be charged for preliminary studies; two and a half per cent for preliminary studies, general drawings and specifications; and three and a half per cent when details are added. “What’s in a name,” is a question asked again and again with the addition of a poetical simile to show that the answer expected is “not much.” The Institute, however, has had occasion to call attention more than once to the necessity for a proper definition of the most important terms in connection with architectural work. Eight years ago Secretary Bloor wrote to the editor of Webster’s dictionary, then in course of recompilation, calling attention to the fact that members of the architectural profession do not regard the words “supervise” and “superintend” as exactly synonymous. “ Supervise,” he pointed out, was the word used to express general and intermittent oversight by an architect without special reference to masses and main features. “Superintend” was used more generally to express the constant and close attention to detail given by some subordinate. The result of the letter was in a measure satisfactory, for in Webster’s International of 1890 the two words are given as synonymous in general use, but as used in rather a different sense by architects. The Century Dictionary concedes the point raised by Mr. Bloor in still clearer terms.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ARCHITECTURAL LITERATURE. Nor has the influence of the Institute in the matter of education been confined to calling attention to strict distinctions between the meaning of words. A profession without a literature of its own is as poor as a nation under similar disadvantages. The influence of the American Institute has been impartially and ungrudgingly turned to the advantage of any journal having for its objects the establishment of the highest attainable ideal in architecture, and the advocacy of the highest possible code of ethics among all engaged in one of most important educational professions of the day. As long ago as during the fifties there was published in New York the Architects' and Mechanics' Journal. The art of illustrating in periodicals had not at that time been given a practical turn, and compared with the elegant magazines of to-day the achievements of the Journal were very crude. Indeed the periodical could scarcely claim to be an illustrated one at all. The Inland Architect could not have attained the high standing it now occupies but for the support given it by members of the Institute, and by the gathering together from all sections of the country, and even of the continent, of the best ideas and thoughts of members of the different chapters. The American Architect and Building News was still more directly an Institute creation. After its preliminary experiences it established for itself such a well-deserved reputation that its patronage extends over the profession generally and even among those who are short-sighted enough to ignore the advantages of joining the Institute. Records of the Association also contain kindly references to Architecture and Building, the Architect, Builder and Decorator, the California Architect, the Southern Architect and the Architectural Record. Since these references were written the St. Louis Chapter has succeeded in adding to the roll of high-class architectural journals one which promises to hold its own from the start, and which should prove an invaluable link between the Western and Eastern branches of the profession. Although published in a city which is properly known as the gateway of the West and Southwest, as well as of the South, The Contemporary Architect starts out with an assurance that it will not be local in its news features and illustrations, nor sectional in its policy. Its illustrations are costly in character and very attractive and instructive in design. There is probably no profession in which more help can be obtained from the interchange of ideas than that of the architect, and hence it is that liigh-cl.ass publications devoted to the interchange of ideas are invaluable to its members, especially when the illustrations are good and the subjects treated are well selected. THE WILLARD ARCHITECTURAL COMMISSION. About twelve years ago Messrs. N. Le Brun, A. J. Bloor and Emlen T. Littell, the last named since deceased, were appointed a commission to expend the bequest of Mr. Levi Hale Willard. This bequest, although nominally in excess of a hundred thousand dollars, was reduced by the forced sale of the securities by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, as trustees, to about eighty thousand dollars, for the production of large models or restorations of the most famous buildihgs of the world. The best review of the work undertaken and accomplished by the Commission coines from Mr. G. W. E. Field, for the Richmond, Va., Architectural Club. Mr. Field points out that Mr. Willard in his will left conditionally to the trustees of the Metropolitan Museum of Art a large portion of his estate to be used for the purchase of models, casts and other objects illustrative of the art and science of architecture, to be kept on permanent exhibition in the Museum. It was stipulated that the collection should be made under the direction of a commission of three architects, one to be Napoleon Le Brun, a member of the New York Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, and the other two to be appointed by that organization from its membership.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. If these conditions were not accepted by the Museum, then Columbia College was to be the custodian of the fund under the same conditions as the commission of three. The priority given to Mr. L,e Brun’s name explains the influence from which emanated the sentiment of the bequest. Mr. Napoleon Le Brun was for a long time an intimate friend of Mr. Willard, and prior to the decease of the latter the subject had been thoroughly discussed between them, his son, Mr. P. L. EeBrun, preparing the prospective plans. So it is that in a posthumous letter from Mr. Willard, addressed to Mr. Napoleon he Brun, the expression occurs: uMy object in writing this is to put on record my desire, lately expressed to you, that to your son Pierre may be assigned the duty of making the collection under the direction of the Commission designated in my will.” On the death of Mr. Eittell, Mr. E. H. Kendall was appointed to fill the vacancy. The work of the Commission has been most faithfully carried out. It has been confined chiefly to the collection of large scale and full-sized models. The New York Tribune, commenting on the work accomplished up to the early part of November, 1889, said that u the art of architecture has received no recognition in this country so appropriate as that implied in the Willard collection of architectural casts exhibited at the Metropolitan Museum. Occupying a conspicuous place in our largest museum of art, it may be relied upon for an influence educational in more ways than one.” It need hardly be said that without the assistance and support of an institution like the American Institute the magnificent bequest of Mr. Willard could have hardly received the attention it deserved. History is full of instances in which the intentions of lovers of art have not been carried out, in consequence of neglect on the part of those charged with the duty of fulfilling the terms of the bequest. In this case the exception is very obvious and conspicuous, and the Institute, and especially those prominent members of it upon whom the bulk of the work has fallen, should not be overlooked in the distribution of words of praise and recognition. Such have been, in brief, the great achievements of the American Institute of Architects, especially in its early years. During the last three years its contributions to architectural literature have been so unique and valuable that a more extended reference to them is unavoidable. The Convention of 1893 was merged into the World’s Congress of Architects, but the most important contributions came from members of the Institute. The Conventions of 1892 and 1894 were an intellectual enjoyment to everyone who attended them, and the future of the Institute is assured as long as instruction and entertainment can be thus pleasingly and profitably combined. THE FIRST GATHERING AT JACKSON PARK. At the Twenty-fifth Annual Convention it was decided to meet the following year at Chicago. The selection was obviously appropriate in view of the active work in progress in Jackson Park over the buildings to be used for the World’s Columbian Exposition. Although the actual date of the Fair was postponed from 1892 to 1893, there was a certainty that in the fall of the former year there would be an immense scope for architectural observation, owing to the immense number of buildings and the great variety of style exemplified in them. Accordingly the Twenty-sixth Convention was looked forward to with more than ordinary interest and a very strong representation faced President Edward H. Kendall, of New York, in the Recital Hall of the Auditorium of Chicago on October 20th. The President, in the course of his opening address, dwelt at some length upon the work of the different chapters. Circular letters had been sent asking whether each Chapter worked under a Municipal or State building law, with other questions arising therefrom. The replies, as mentioned by the President, in abstract form, were full of interest and information. The President criticised the objection to building laws and said that those who resented theSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. hamperings of legal requirements overlooked the fact that the requirements of the law were but a minimum, architects being permitted to build as much better than the law required as they were able. Concluding his address, the President said very eloquently: “ Should it be a question as to what the Institute now is, we can justly point to the splendid housing of this great Columbian Exposition and say ‘this is the sign, this the seal, this the full delivery of its capacity to America and to all the nations which will here be assembled.’” The report of the Board of Directors was of special interest, owing to its references to the efforts made by the Institute during so many years to bring about a reform in the conduct of the architectural design of the administration of the buildings of the United States Government, and especially on the fact that these efforts bid fair to be crowned with success. “Those members of your Board,” the report went on to say, “who had the honor of appearing before the Committee on Buildings and Grounds of the National Houses of Representatives during the past session of Congress, and who had also appeared as advocates of similar measures before the corresponding Committees of preceding Congresses, were gratified beyond measure to note the marked change which had taken place in the attitude assumed toward them by this Congressional Committee, and the respect and attention paid to their arguments and statements. We think that this is a token of a long step forward in the appreciation by our legislators of the status of the architect, and one which is ascribable, to a great extent, to the existence and labors of the American Institute of Architects. While it is true that the desired legislation, which follows closely the lines laid down by Mr. Windrim in his able paper upon the subject presented at the last convention, and the form of bill then drawn up by Mr. Van Brunt, has passed only the House of Representatives and must be carried in the Senate and signed by the President before it becomes a law, it is our hope and belief that nothing will be done by the Senate or by the President to bring about the defeat of the action by the House of Representatives. But every fellow of. the Institute should continue to labor in behalf of this bill with the editors of the great daily papers, with members of the United States Senate and with all capable of influencing the judgment of Senators.” The Committee on the Conservation of Public Architecture called attention to the fact that public buildings erected in the early part of the century were made more monumental than at the present time. One of the most notable constructions was the Treasury Building in Wall street, New York. “The main room, which is a rotunda,” said the report, “is one story the full height of the building, and its ceiling is domed over in masonry. The whole building is built of white marble, a magnificent work in Grecian Doric. The main columns of the front, with pediments, are of marble-fluted columns, built in high courses with very close joints, which appear to have been ground together. That in itself is an ancient method of work, and all are very truly cut and set. Besides this, in the whole building neither wood nor iron nor other metal is used for constructive purposes. Not only are the floors and ceilings of masonry, but the roof besides is entirely of marble, supported on the groined arches, and the dome of the rotunda is of masonry, vaulted construction. The interior also is principally of marble, and the whole building is invulnerable as to fire, and enduring as the ages. The fronts are exact repetitions of the Parthenon at Athens, without its sculpture. Is not such an example of design and construction worthy to be conserved ? “ That such buildings should need protection from vandals of this nineteenth century seems incredible; and why is all this ? Because the land on which they are built is valuable for trade. Should such monuments, with all their excellencies, be torn down and thrown away to get money for other buildings ? No; the United States is not required to make such a sacrifice. Instead,OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. its obligations should be to complete such buildings by the addition df appropriate sculpture in the tympani, the porticoes and elsewhere. The porticoes should be made valhallas of the great departed, for which room can be appropriated.” AN ESSAY ON 44 STYLE.” After Mr. C. E. Illsley, of St. Eouis, had presented a valuable report on the question of Competitions, Mr. J. F. Baumann read a paper on “Thoughts on Style.” In introducing this subject the essayist said very aptly that 44 a Darwinian law has established itself in the domain of beauty to the effect that the present millions of manifold forms have been developed in endless though interrupted succession, from a few types originally and forever established. No positive distinction can be made in the uninterrupted and endless line of objects of art. Yet, for the sake of convenience in contemplating the subject, we may readily distinguish between objects of practical use and objects of mere delight, and accordingly recognize useful art as in a measure distinct from high art. The tendency of our age has unquestionably been to particularly foster useful arts and heighten the standard. Both taste and comfort have continually increased their demands. Competition has strongly incited the business genius of mechanics, not only to produce the most useful, but simultaneously the most beautiful objects of art, though devoted to even the merest mechanical service.” Some very interesting thoughts on the word “style” were given in the paper. Starting out with the obvious truism that a logical definition of the term is not „easy, Mr. Baumann went on to quote authorities on the subject. One definition quoted was that style is something from and above manner. A German writer defines style as a sort of mysterious duction of lines from the membering of masses down to the minutest ornament. An anonymous writer was quoted as saying that 44 the individual must labor through a mass of rubbish up to the characteristic of a positive style by which he distinguishes himself from all others. To have an individuality is to have soul. To have a settled individuality, is to have style, which therefore is a personal characteristic visibly expressed on the exterior. Style is the parity between inner and outer life.” In the course of this paper Mr. Baumann quoted Semper that 44 styles of architecture are never invented, but are developed from a few original types in accordance with the laws of natural pro-geniture.” In accordance with this theory, architects should abandon inherited ideas of style, and should discard as erroneous the idea that a style can be invented like a practical machine by anyone. The inauguration of a new style is an act of history occasioned by circumstances of profound character which are termed historic. Mr. Charles W. Elliot, Mr. Charles Eliot Norton and Mr. Martin Brimmer, of Harvard University, were recommended for honorary membership by the Board. The first named was suggested as President of the University, and Mr. Norton as Art Professor. The selection of three names from the University was in acknowledgment of the honor conferred by that body in giving the highest degree within its power to one of the distinguished members of the Institute. The resolution was carried and three other distinguished scholars were also made honorary members. The second day’s meeting of the Convention was held in the Horticultural Building on the World’s Fair grounds, and the following minute was passed : 44 The American Institute of Architects in convention assembled upon the grounds of the World’s Columbian Exposition, realizing the notable work achieved in the erection of a group of buildings of unexcelled appropriateness and architectural quality of design, hereby formally expresses its indebtedness to Daniel H. Burnham and the obligation it owes to the memory of John WelbornOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Root for the service which they have rendered the profession of architecture in the selection of a group of architects who by their executed works had demonstrated their ability to design the several buildings. u It also desires to recognize the pre-eminent services rendered to the profession by Daniel H. Burnham, the Director of Works of the World’s Columbian Exposition, for the efficiency and breadth of administration of the arduous duties of his office, and for the persistency with which he has upheld the dignity of the practice of the profession of architecture, not only in the methods which he has maintained in the execution of . the work, but also in obtaining, for the first time in the history of this country and on a most conspicuous field, an effective alliance of all the associated arts, and a recognition of the authors of the work, the evidences of which are before us.” Mr. Dankmar Adler, Secretary of the Convention, at the request of Mr. Ferry, spoke of the valuable work done by Mr. Burnham. He pointed out that the preliminary action of that gentleman in insisting, in his transactions with the Board of Directors and with the National Commission which had charge of the management, that time was too short and the occasion was of too great magnitude to allow of any architectural competition, had placed the Institute under a debt of gratitude. Few who had seen the grounds eighteen months previously would have thought it possible to accomplish half of what had been done. The fact that the buildings were practically complete and ready for the installation of exhibits, showed that something had been accomplished in excess of the record made by any preceding exposition in the world. The entire profession should look on the achievements with pride, especially owing to the fact that a member of the Institute had accomplished so unprecedented a result. Contrary to the custom which had prevailed ever since there were any public buildings in America, in direct opposition to the custom of completely ignoring the brain-worker who had conceived and guided the work, the coadjutor of the T-square, the chisel and the brush had been duly recognized, and Mr. Burnham, by bringing about this result, had given the profession and its allied arts a step forward. In view of the assistance given by Mr. Frederick Raw Olmstead, Mr. Adler concluded by moving that that gentleman’s name be added to the list of honorary members. This was done and the resolutions were passed. Mr. Olmstead, in acknowledging the compliment and courtesy, said that twenty years ago he had been elected an honorary member, a fact which had been overlooked at the time of his second nomination. The election of officers was then proceeded with. Mr. E. H. Kendall was elected President ; Mr. D. H. Burnham, of World’s Fair everlasting fame, first Vice-President; Mr. Harry Van Brunt, of Kansas City, second Vice-President ; and Mr. Dankmar Adler, of Chicago, Secretary. A very important change in arrangements, so far as officers are concerned, was then considered. This was that a permanent secretary be employed at a salary not to exceed three thousand a year to give his entire time to the work of the Institute. The resolution was adopted and the Board authorized to make the appointment if they could find a suitable man. THE TWENTY-SEVENTH ANNUAE CONVENTION. The members of the Institute having seen the World’s Fair Buildings practically ready for occupation, it was natural that they should desire to hold their next convention in Chicago, and accordingly the twenty-seventh Annual Convention was called to order in the Memorial Art Palace on July 31st, 1893, the date of the meeting being changed so as to coincide with that of the World’s Congress of Architects which had been convened for the day named. The President in his opening address called attention to the final passage of the amended Tarsney Bill. In connection with this question and that of architectural competition, Mr. Kendall said that an important stepSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. toward better public art had been taken in New York City by the formation of a Municipal Art Society to foster the several decorative arts by instituting each year one or more paid competitions, which would be modeled as nearly as possible upon the Paris competitions for the Prize of Rome. The project he regarded as self-commending, and he was gratified to note that it had been enthusiastically endorsed by artists and laymen, and had received encouragement from those officially interested in the public monuments and decorations of the city. He recommended that the different chapters should take the initiative in forming similar societies in their respective cities, so as to swell the tide of better art, already splendidly risen. The Board of Directors reported satisfactory work during the year, although no new chapters had been formed and there had not been any marked increase in the membership. It asked whether this lack of growth was the result of the national spirit of independence, or whether it was simply the indifference following absorption in an engrossing profession which allowed itself to reap the advantages of the condi ions without any effort to shape them. The Committee to whom the address was referred described these questions as of great importance and of vital interest to the Institute as well as to the profession at large. It admitted its inability to answer the questions, but it was important if not imperative that the answer should be speedily found. A special committee was suggested to look into the extension of the boundaries of the membership, with power to suggest such amendments to the by-laws as might seem to best fit the case. This matter was referred to the Executive Committee for action, and, as will be seen in the record of the proceedings for 1894, very practical results followed. Nominations for officers resulted in the election of Mr. D. H. Burnham, of Chicago, as President, a fitting recognition of the services he had rendered to the profession as well as the country in his World’s Fair work; Mr. George B. Post, of New York, became first Vice-President; Mr. Eevi T. Scofield, of Cleveland, second Vice-President ; and Mr. Alfred Stone, of Providence, Rhode Island, Secretary. It was decided to call the next convention in New York City, and in view of the sessions of the World’s Congress of Architects the usual papers and discussions were abandoned ; several essays which had been prepared for the convention being, as an act of courtesy, transferred to the international gathering held in conjunction with it. WORLD’S CONGRESS OF ARCHITECTS. The World’s Congress of Architects was opened in Columbus Hall of the Chicago Art Palace 011 the evening of July 1st, 1893. Mr. Charles C. Bonney, President of the World’s Congress Auxiliary, delivered an address of welcome and introduced Mr. Daniel H. Burnham, who read a paper prepared for the Institute Convention entitled the u Organization of the World’s Columbian Exposition.” This paper was remarkable for its fairness and for the credit given to all to whom credit was due. Passing over the early legislation and negotiations, the Director of Works spoke of the discussions in Chicago over the site question. The general scheme of land and water on the finally selected site, was suggested by Mr. Frederick Law Olmstead. His partner, Mr. Codman, suggested the arrangement of the terraces, bridges and landings. The shape and disposition of the buildings, which were to cover a third more area than at Paris in 1889, were determined by Messrs. Root, Gottlieb and Burnham. The early suggestions made no provision for State, Foreign or Women’s Buildings, or for the Midway Plaisance. The final plan was the work of all. It was not due to an inspiration, but was thought out logically step by step, keeping in view the immediate purposes of the Exposition and 10SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. the final treatment of the ground as a public park. It was a crude outline without suggestion of architectural treatment or style. How this crude outline was developed was explained by Mr. Burnham, who quoted his report to the Grounds and Buildings Committee of December, 1890. The difficulties that followed were outlined and a touching reference was made to the death of Mr. Root and the loss which that sad event entailed. Prompt steps had to be taken and the work was parceled out as rapidly and fairly as possible. In the details which followed it was shown that the total grand area of the World’s Fair Buildings was nearly two hundred acres. Frankly admitting the impossibility of describing the works at length or speaking accurately of the amount of material used in the construction, Mr. Burnham concluded with a very eloquent tribute of praise to his associates. “I can tell yon how during the storms of summer, the frosts of winter, all day, all night, week in and week out, for two years, the little band of American boys ran the race for victory with Father Time and won it. Without looking for or expecting compensation at all equal to the services they have rendered, without jealousy, with ready willingness, these men have ever been to the front, emulating each other in the amount and quality of the services to be rendered. Though I can not now pick individuals to be praised, I can congratulate all on the glory they have won through constancy and self-sacrifice, such as no other country ever gained from their sons in time of peace. They have shown what to me is the greatest heroism, that of forbearance and constant helpfulness. I am most proud to have been associated with them.” Chief Engineer Shankland, who had prepared a paper for the Institnde on the ‘ ‘ Construction of the Buildings, Bridges, etc., at the World’s Columbian Exposition,” read at the World’s Congress out of courtesy to that body. His paper was singularly interesting and took the shape rather of an elaborate report, being divided into sections with appropriate headings. The members listened with great interest to the details of construction of each of the large buildings and also to the calculations as to the cost per cubic foot. The Manufactures and Liberal Arts Buildings was the cheapest in Jackson Park according to this calculation and the Administration Building was just eight times as costly per cubic foot. Like the preceding paper, Mr. Shankland’s concluded with a reference to the loyalty and devotion of all engaged in the work. The third paper was also prepared for the Institute, but turned over to the Congress in the manner already described. It was by Mr. Frederick Law Olmstead, whose theme was u The Landscape Architecture of the World’s Columbian Exposition.” Few subjects could have been of greater interest, owing in the first place to the marvelous creation of the beautiful out of chaos; and in the second place to the general tendency in the country to give greater attention to the beautification of grounds and the due honoring of the landscape architect. As was pointed out in the paper, the site selected for the World’s Fair was, to common observation, forbidding. Sandbars had been formed in the Lake a few hundred feet from the shore. The landward one of these, by attaining an elevation above the surface of the water, formed lagoons and in consequence of this process a great portion of the surface of the site consisted of three ridges of beach sand. Upon the innermost two of the ridges there were a few trees, but herbaceous vegetation was much more plentiful. How to convert this bleak stretch into a beautiful park in an apparently impossible space of time was the problem which had been overcome. How successfully it had been done, everyone knows, and members were interested in learning the details of a work always so much admired. One hundred thousand small willows, chiefly of the shrubbery sorts, were planted on the shores of 11OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. the lagoons. Seventy-five large car loads of herbaceous aquatic plants were also requisitioned, and an immense number of other plants, bringing the total up to over a million, were also placed in position. PUBLIC COMPETITIONS. Mr. Adolph Bocage presented a paper prepared by Mr. J. Guadet, Vice-President of the Central Society of French Architects, dealing with Public Competition of Architecture. This is a subject which the Institute has taken up several times and the opinions of a reliable and highly experienced foreign architect were naturally looked upon as of exceptional value in the discussion. The organization and the operation of further competition, it was pointed out, comprised three phases and three distinct subjects : First, the preparation of a competition by the administration interested. Second, the execution of a competition by the artists. Third, its judgment by a competent jury. In the conduct of competitions there are no fixed rules ; there are international competitions, national competitions in greater number, and finally those of departments. There are competitions of two degrees, and more often of one degree. The custom of international competitions scarcely exists in France, although that of the New Opera House was international. In foreign countries very important international competitions have taken place, namely : Those for the completion of the Milan and Florence Cathedrals ; for the Exchange at Amsterdam ; for the palaces of the Senate, for the Chamber of Deputies of Bucharest, etc. In general, competitions in France are open to all French architects, although sometimes those of a certain department only are admitted, for the praiseworthy reason of favoring the department architects ; but if this plan has its advantages, it has also its inconveniences, and it is only in considering the special circumstances of a given competition that a wise decision can be reached. The inconvenience is immediately seen in thus restraining the competition ; it is a loss of a contingent of happy and varied ideas. “Finally,” the paper went on to say, “comes the last operation of the competition—its epilogue, and its sanction—the judgment. The question here is practically grave and arduous ; too many competitions are perverted by the judgment, not from want of equity and good faith, but want of proper direction and competent judges. And first, what should be the spirit of this judgment? A word in answer is sufficient—justice. This seems evident, and yet it is contested. Frequently, in judgment of competitions, the opinion is held that the interest of the city or department must be considered above all, and that, if the competitor has convinced the jury that a better result may be obtained by setting aside the programme, the jury itself should also discard the programme and accept the apparently happier solution offered. “How should the jury of a competition be composed? Reason answers : c Of competent men.’ It seems evident that, in judging a competition of mathematics, none but mathematicians are employed as judges. And yet the contrary almost always happens. In juries of architects few architects are seen ; always a majority of incompetent judges, whatever may be their value in other respects. From whence comes, then, the strange anomaly? Always the same false idea of the character of the competition and a sort of adjudication of a particular nature. If the judgment of a competition were in the character of a bargain, the jury would be without right to pronounce a decision which legally could only be given by the administration ; but, if the competition being even what it should be—the proposition of ideas ; the judgment being what it should be—the choice of the best ideas, then the competent jury would alone be qualified to decide. It must also be positively stated that a jury should be composed exclusively of the most experienced architects.” 12OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Mr. W. H. Holcomb contributed a paper on the “ Transportation Department of the World’s Fair,” in the course of which he gave some rather startling details concerning the points to be considered and the achievements realized in an important and very difficult branch of work. He was followed by Mr. Charles F. Foster, who talked learnedly of the building of the power plant at the Fair. He was followed by Mr. R. H. Pierce, who talked about electricity and the uses to which it was applied at the Fair. Some of the details that he gave showed the vastness of the work that had to be undertaken in Chicago. A hundred and thirty telephones were put in, as well as one hundred and thirty-seven fire-alarm boxes and a similar number of police calls. The search lights, the incandescent plant, and all the countless details of illumination were mentioned at length, and a number of tables were put in, elaborate in character and of great value as historical memoranda. ACOUSTICS IN ARCHITECTURE. Mr. Alexander F. Oakey was the next essayist at this great gathering of the World’s leading architects. He discussed a question of great interest to the profession and of lasting importance to the public. To talk about acoustics in architecture is to discuss a subject concerning which authorities differ to an extent which is bewildering to the young beginner. Mr. Oakey started out by reminding his audience that in medicine the essential step is a correct diagnosis. Bearing this fact in mind he first took up the study of the human ear, the human voice, and the construction of musical instruments in harmony, believing that thereby he could begin at the very bottom of his subject. He quoted the oft-repeated expression that the acoustics of halls and theatres are notoriously and confessedly a matter of accident, and proceeded to demolish the theory, or at least the logic contained in it. Dealing with the human organs and senses mentioned, he pointed out the difficulties to be overcome and the best means science has discovered for overcoming them. Speaking of wires as an aid to sound in large buildings, be expressed an opinion that if they had ever done any good, it was because accidentally by their varying tension they supplied in a roundabout way a similar apparatus to the rods of corti of the inner ear, by which physiologists are not yet agreed that we distinguish the quality of tones by measuring the overtones. Mr. Bocage was heard next, this time in a paper of his own, on the u Question of Apartment Houses.” Considering the demand in this portion of the country for apartment houses and flats the subject taken in hand may be described as a distinctly live one. Starting out with his native country, he said that from the first centuries of the Middle Ages in France, the habitations of the country presented a character of defence. The confined space which fear of war rendered inevitable for cities led to an increase in the height of buildings, space being sought in the air when it could not be obtained on the surface. In other large cities, notably New York and Chicago, the centralizing tendency of commerce had led to prodigious heights for buildings. In Paris a love of the sun had popularized houses six and seven stories high for apartment purposes, although the very lofty buildings of America had not been imitated. In the French apartment houses there were generally two parts, one for family use and the other for occasions of ceremony. The former included a parlor, dining-room, several bed-rooms and closets, bath-room, pantry and kitchen. In the latter were antechambers, large dining-room, several drawing-rooms, billiard-room, smoking-room and boudoir. In these apartment buildings a passageway for carriages was reserved, with an apartment for the janitor near the entrance. In the carriageway a vestibule entrance gave accessSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. to the apartments on the second floor. An additional passage for service was sometimes made and a telephone was often installed in each apartment, or in the janitor’s apartment for the use of all. The city regulations of Paris forbade the lighting of a habitable room, or one large enough to hold a bed, from a court less than two hundred square feet in size in a house sixty feet high or upwards. Custom as well as law required that all the rooms should have sunlight. The highest house that could be built in Paris at the present time must not exceed sixty-five feet even on a street of that width. After the completion of the building it is efficiently examined and has to be demolished if in any way the regulations of the city have been ignored. However important and necessary these laws might be they were inconvenient from a purely artistic standpoint, and were the cause of the monotony facades of apartment buildings in Paris. Mr. Bocage concluded by congratulating his American confreres whose unfettered imagination had produced such remarkable works in so short a time. “My duty,” he concluded, 4‘calls me to make a report to the Ministry of Fine Arts of France and to the Society Centrale ; it will be inspired by my admiration for the beautiful results obtained from this liberty in art, which is the privilege of America, and also by the cordiality with which my confreres have received my efforts.” The other papers read before the Congress were so numerous that it is difficult even to mention them in outline. Mr. Barr Ferree read a valuable paper on “ Economic Conditions of Architecture in America,” and was followed by Mr. Henry Van Brunt, of Kansas City, who had much of practical interest to say concerning the growth of characteristic architectural style in the United States. Concluding his remarks on the subject he said that as long as the profession remembered the past and what had been accomplished by the masters of architecture in all the ages, there could never again grow a distinctive style in the sense of what is called Greek, Roman, Christian, Mohammedan or Renaissance; there could never again come into existence a national style keeping strictly within any narrow bounds of architectural expression and excluding all others. On the other hand all the historical demonstrations of art are necessary to constitute that larger and more copious language of form which is necessary to express in terms of art the rapid progress in the science of modern construction, and that many-sided and complicated civilization which it is the obvious destiny of this country to amalgamate, harmonize and justify out of all the civilizations of history. ethics in architecture. In almost every professional and commercial organization there are found one or more indefatigable workers and historians, whose very life seems to be devoted to the success of the organization and to the continuation of its work in perpetuity. In the American Institute of Architects Mr. A. J. Bloor, of New York City, undoubtedly occupies this position pre-eminently, and when he rose in the World’s Congress of Architects to read a paper on “ Ethics in Architecture” his loyalty to the profession of his choice resulted in a very enthusiastic welcome being given him. He confined his remarks very much to the practical side of the question. Taking a special case as an example, he related an experience which many architects present could duplicate and indirectly delivered a rebuke which was thoroughly understood. Mr. Glenn Brown, of the National Capital, gave a review of “ Recent Plumbing Practice.” Mr. Jeremiah O’Rourke, of the same city, talked about the “Architectural Practice of the United States Government,” giving a number of historical facts in a very concise and interesting form. He concluded by saying that the supervising architect of the government, for professional services which in piivate practice would net him a hundred thousand dollars a year, received the munificent salary of four thousand five hundred dollars with strictly limited traveling expenses. 14SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The use of color in architectural design was discussed by Mr. H. Rangford Warren in a paper which should be in the hands of all young architects. Foundations of high buildings were talked about by Mr. W. R. Hutton, of New York City, who gave the subject very practical treatment. He called attention to the difference in the nature of the substrata of different cities and to the necessity of adopting different methods in consequence. Mr. P. B. Wight, consulting architect of Chicago, followed with a paper on u Fireproof Construction, and the Practice of American Architects.” He carefully traced the improvements made in this work, and his paper was generally regarded as one of the most valuable read before the Congress. u Statutory Regulations ” were discussed by Mr. W. W. Carlin, of Buffalo, while Mr. C. H. Blackall, of Boston, talked about the u Influence of Building Raws on Architecture,” commencing by quoting the saying that: “No man e’er felt the halter draw, with good opinion of the law,” and saying that it applied to relations between architects and municipal regulations. He pointed out that had the building laws of Boston been in force in Chicago not one of the lofty buildings which made the city famous could have been erected. Other papers, more or less technical in character followed, and the Congress did not adjourn until a mass of contributions of immense value had been given to the world. It was not possible to read all the papers prepared during the four days allotted for the sessions, but arrangements were made for the preservation in the archives of the American Institute of all the contributions to architectural lore, whether actually read or merely passed to the Secretary as a matter of form. FAST YEAR’S CONVENTION. The twenty-eighth Annual Convention of the American Institute of Architects was held in New York in October, 1894. The Convention was remarkable in many ways. The attendance was very representative and the great value of the Institute, as well as its influence on the United States and more particularly upon the buildings in its great cities, was made strikingly manifest. Mr. Daniel H. Burnham, of Chicago, presided over the Convention in an able and impartial manner. Mr. Alfred Stone, of Providence, Rhode Island, made an efficient Secretary. The President’s address consisted of an able summary of the most important events in the year from the standpoint of architecture and building. With a terseness which politicians and debaters generally might well imitate, Mr. Burnham jumped at once into his subject, congratulating the Convention on the continued usefulness of the Institute, which he pointed out had been conservative, though positive and progressive. u During the last twenty years,” he said, u the methods of practice of our profession show much improvement, due largely to the moral support of this body, the influence of which has been wise and beneficent ; for, while it has from time to time recorded its convictions, it has refrained from insisting too rigidly on the observance of its rules. Through it the beliefs of the architects have been crystallized, while each man has been left quite free to pursue his own course. Though, as individuals, we have been led or constrained by the consensus of the opinions of the Fellows, we have been moved more by a desire to conform to the established standards of professional life than by any fear of discipline.” Passing on to practical matters he pointed out the value of the Institute in regulating professional conduct, and alluded to the beneficial influence of the schedule of fees, as explained on a preceding page, which, he reminded the Convention, was now accepted by the courts as a basis of contracts where no agreement had been entered into to the contrary. The growing class of men who decline to deal with architects not in good standing among their fellows was alluded to in terms of praise, and the President called attention to the necessity 15SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. of encouraging this feeling and preventing the let-up in the progress which had been made. Stress was laid upon the evil of the practice of giving preliminary service for nothing and showing plans with a view to obtaining business thereby. UA young man, immature, not ready for independent professional life, makes sketches or goes into a competition without promise of pay. In an evil day for him his design is accepted and at a bound he springs into full practice. He makes a financial success and an artistic failure, and when the fever of youth is passed, if he has the soul of a real architect, he looks back with bitter sorrow to the waste of his best possibilities. As he begins, so must he go on; knowing not enough, and no longer having the time for study, his last work is like his first, suggesting talent or mediocrity, according to the nature of the man, but bearing the marks of weakness, due to arrested development, and stamped with the author’s sad consciousness of imperfection or conscious indolence.” Touting for business was also held up to ridicule, and in an indirect manner the need of a code of ethics as strong as that accepted by high-class physicians and lawyers was emphasized. Last, but not least, Mr. Burnham dealt with the very important question of Government Buildings and the connection of the profession therewith. The subject is one of paramount importance, not so much to the architectural profession as to the general public, and in the near future the remarks of the President will be apt to bear very good fruit. The Secretary’s report was very encouraging. The number of Fellows was reported to be four hundred and seventy-five, in addition to twenty-six chapters with an aggregate membership of six hundred. During the year the Southern California, Washington State and Brooklyn chapters, with an aggregate membership of sixty, had been admitted. The financial statement was of the usual satisfactory character. The receipts amounted to $6,612.00 and the expenditure to $6,496.00, leaving a small but sufficient balance in the treasury. It was explained that the report really covered fifteen months instead of a year, the date of making up the accounts having been changed from August 1st to October 1st. Reports showing the standing and progress of each Chapter were read. The New York Chapter, dating back to 1867, has eighty-six members and an increase of twenty-six during the year in the number of its practicing members. It was reported that the Chapter had considered the question of the proper compensation for duplicated work by an architect and it had resolved that in the absence of any agreement regarding the construction of the second building, the Schedule of the A. I. A. entitles the architect to the full commission of five per cent on both. Agreement in such cases are not, however, contrary to the sense of the Schedule, but are considered as a concession on the part of the architect due to the special conditions. STANDING OF THE CHAPTERS. The Illinois Chapter reported a membership of eighty-two, including eighty professional architects. The Philadelphia Chapter reported fifty-five members and presented to the Institute recommendations for a uniform and complete system of statistic blanks, membership and report books, to be used in duplicate, and to be filed in the Institute and Chapter Archives, which was a revival of a suggestion urged in 1887, and reported upon favorably at Buffalo in 1888, but was not followed by the publication of the blanks, at that time recommended by the Committee, and voted by the Institute. The Boston Chapter reported seventy members, including thirty-one Fellows of the A. I. A. The Cincinnati Chapter reported twenty members, and the Baltimore Chapter reported nothing, 16SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. except an unfortunate lack of interest on the part of local architects, which is scarcely creditable to a city of Baltimore’s standing and size. Little Rhode Island did much better. It reported twenty-one members and a great deal of active work done during the year. San Francisco had twenty-four members, and Indianapolis ten, with a promise of renewed interest. Washington reported twenty-one members, Michigan fourteen, and Western New York fifty. The Buffalo Federal Building brought before the Chapter in that city the question of Government architecture, and had kept a sustained interest throughout the proceedings. The number of members was reported as twenty-eight. The St. Louis Chapter made a very interesting report. The number of members was given at thirty-five, and among the meetings recorded were fourteen, with dinners, in addition to eighteen special meetings. The following extracts from the report show that the St. Louis Chapter believes in the practical as well as the theoretical: “ Second annual exhibition of pen and ink and of water-color drawings, held in March, was a success, attracting large numbers and arousing a great deal of public interest. The membership includes nearly all the architects of the city in good standing and repute, and all but one are Fellows of the Institute, or are on the last letter ballot issued, which was opened yesterday, and all but two were found to be elected. The Chapter heartily endorses the efforts to establish a code to govern competitions for federal, municipal and public buildings and the abolition of competitions for private buildings. One requirement for membership in this Chapter is heartily commended for adoption in other Chapters, namely: That an applicant shall file a perspective drawn by himself and one original paper on some architectural subject, both of which shall become the property of the Chapter if the applicant be elected. This Chapter has also the distinction of being the only Chapter that has adopted a code of ethics ‘establishing the qualifications’ for membership and governing the professional conduct of its members.” Kansas City reported fifteen members, and Cleveland nine. Western Pennsylvania had twenty, and Ohio fifty-four. The Worcester Chapter, with its nine members, had done good work during the year, having, by request of the Mayor, taken a lively interest in the new City Hall question and the obtaining of designs for the same. The Southern Chapter with sixty-one members, and the Minnesota Chapter of twenty-seven, both showed an increase. Southern California, one of the new candidates, reported twenty-two members and flourishing prospects for good work in the future. Washington State Chapter pointed with pride to its twenty-three members and the work done. The papers read at the special meetings during the year were characteristic of the great Northwest, and the unceasing energy and enterprise of those who have gone there to grow up with the country. One of these papers dealt with the necessity of organization and co-operation by architects. Mr. G. W. Bullard read a very appropriate essay on the “Architect as a Pioneer,” and another member of the Chapter talked at length on the “Ethics of the Profession.” The value of the Institute as forming a connecting link between all sections, states and territories was very forcibly exemplified by the report from the extreme Northwest corner of the Union, and many words of praise for the Washington Chapter were heard. ARCHITECTURE IN SCHOOLS. A lengthy but very interesting report on education was read by Mr. Van Brunt, Chairman of the Education Committee. It naturally dealt with a vast array of subjects. A hypothetical question was put in the following terms: “Let us be content to do our duty to our art and to our clients, each one to the best of his ability and according to his best lights, and let the style of our time 17SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. take care of itself as the styles of former ages and people have been created. For these historical styles have developed themselves out of political, religious, commercial, ethnological and social conditions, and technique has varied with variations immaterial in methods. Why should we attempt to interfere with this natural automatic process of evolution?” As was pointed out, the natural answer to this question is to be found in the difference in the conditions of ancient and modern times. The inheritance on the present generation in matters of archeology was enlarged upon. How best to use that inheritance was a great point taken up by the paper. u If,” said the report, “the American Institute of Architects could succeed in per- suading the schools of architecture throughout the country to reach the whole course of history by architecture, and should open to them the whole series of historic forms in the order of their evolution without prejudice, the genius of the more spacious times in which we live, which are the culmination and the result of all that has gone before, would stand a much better chance for adequate expression. Let the schools teach our young men not to conceal or disguise or condone in a mass of cold convention, the inevitable changes of form which must come in process of time with the changes in our social and economic conditions, but to welcome them frankly and express them, not with quotations from other tongues, not with the affectations and pedantries of academical learning, but with the large freedom derived from a comprehensive knowledge of all that has been done or said in forms of art by all people.” It was argued that it was only by some such process as this that architecture as a fine art could keep pace with science. No such folly as the deliberate invention of a new style was suggested nor even any possible amalgam of old style. The art of architecture should be an art of scholars and artists, not of antiquarians nor of amateurs, nor of pretenders. A reform rather than a revolution was desired in the architecture of the time, and if this could not be done the architects of the next decade might at least be given a far wider point of view and a far deeper understanding of their functions and responsibilities in an evolution of style. “Hitherto,” the report concluded, “it must be sadly confessed, we have treated our great resources, if not like undisciplined barbarians with the spoils of war, certainly more like the arbiters of Parisian fashions than like artists and scholars. The new education, far less pedantic, and far more cosmopolitan and generous than the old, and also far more discriminating, must teach us the real value and meaning of our inheritance, and how to use it with a full appreciation of our responsibility to art and to the civilization of our time.” The report was discussed and, although not endorsed in every detail, was generally approved and copies ordered printed and distributed. The next subject taken up by the Convention at length had relation to the conservation of public buildings, and was led by Mr. R. M. Upjohn, Chairman of the Committee on this subject. To the average citizen the way in which public buildings are allowed to go into decay and lose whatever claim to beauty and elegance they ever possessed is a matter of surprise and often indignation. To the architect this is doubly the case. The report opened up with suggestions as to how best to ward off the desecration or demolition of public monumental architecture. A brief but interesting description of the Custom House on Wall Street, New York, built in 1836, was given. This building has been offered for sale, although, in the opinion of the Committee, the Government could easily afford to retain this structure. It was suggested that the numerous wall spaces should be appropriated for busts, sculptured panels, friezes, depicting historic scenes with pedestals for statues of departed heroes. A little dig was given at the attic story added to the much-admired building in 1862, and the report, which was quite entertaining, came to a conclusion all too abruptly. 18SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. PERFECTING THE BY-RAWS. A long discussion took place with reference to proposed changes in the By-Laws, which at first sight appeared to be unimportant but which contained a good deal of interest as well. The amendment most talked about was to Article X and proposed to insert a new section reading : 4 4 A practicing architect whose professional office is at a greater distance than twenty - five miles from the headquarters of any Chapter may apply, in the manner heretofore prescribed, and become a member of the Institute without first becoming a member of any Chapter and being approved by the officers of the same; but he shall become a member of the Chapter whenever one shall become available within the said limit.” The debate at times became general, especially with reference to the concluding clause. Finally a vote was taken on an amendment to strike out all after the word 4 4 but,” including that brief but significant word. Twenty-nine voted in favor of the amendment and twenty-seven against it, so that by a narrow majority the clause which caused so much contention was struck out. Another very important amendment took the place of Section IV of Article X, and read: 44 Every practicing member of a Chapter of the Institute shall become a Fellow of the Institute, and no election of new practicing members shall take effect until the Institute shall also have elected the candidate for Fellowship.” This was agreed to without debate. The evening session was devoted to a very interesting question, namely: u Modern Style Founded on Ancient Greek Architecture.” Mr. Russell Sturgis, to whom this subject was en- trusted, handled it in a very able manner. The paper scarcely admits of condensation because the able author embellished it with but very few comments, and made it almost throughout severely practical. In certain ways, he pointed out, the architecture of the Greeks is exactly what we need. Being tranquil and reposeful beyond other styles it was naturally attractive because tranquility and repose in a building were the things the community loved best. It was hard to believe that any fanciful picturesqueness and irregularity would be more than temporary. 4 4 Sharp gables,” he went on to say, 44do not please so well as level cornices; in city architecture, at least, the level line, the horizontal line, is everything, except for a tower now and then; and even the tower may be horizontal in its line ; and then the tower is to go out, if all our buildings are to have a tower-like altitude.” The second point claimed for Greek architecture was that it tends to use few and somewhat large parts, and rejects utterly the scale of the human body. Again, it meets modern requirements because it does not depend for its effect upon any strictly marked constructural peculiarity. Further than that Greek architecture is exactly what is needed because what peculiarities of building we have in modern times are mainly of the post - and - beam sort. 4 4 The Greek,” said Mr. Sturgis, 44 could trust his hard marble for ten-foot spans, the load upon them not being great; we can trust our compound iron girders for forty-foot spans, or indefinitely more with light loads; and eighteen - foot or twenty-foot spans with a lofty superimposition, story above story of piers set anywhere. The difference in scale and power is enormous; the difference in principle is not very great. Our whole steel framework system is a post-and-beam system, and nothing more; and the only essential difference between this and the Greek system is that we secure our posts and beams together, and that strongly, at the points of contact, which the Greeks never did, or did only with slight aids to accurate adjustment and no more.” It was further argued that the architecture of Greeks was appropriate to modern times because such little use was made of architectural sculpture. Again, the use of free sculpture by the Greeks made their style of architecture obviously fit for modern times. Lastly, according to this very |9SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. thoughtful paper, “Greek architecture is what we need because the great charm of the architecture proper, that is of the building-made-beautiful of the Greeks, is a refined and significant finish, a completeness and faultlessness in sections of mouldings, in minute proportions, in invisible and unguessed curvature, all coming of thought and of care and patient elaboration. These things are not in our way at present. The headlong race for business, and forgetting through business, is not the way to fine designing of any sort. But again, thought and care and patience are in our way in another sense. To devote one’s self, body and mind, soul and spirit, to the development of a work of art is the way a sculptor works. It is not without absorbed attention continued through as many hours or as many valued mornings as may be necessary, that a painting of any value is evolved from nothing. Whenever and wherever a work of architecture may be taken up as a work of art, with something like the sculptor’s or the painter’s purpose of succeeding, and prospect of succeeding as an artist, then and there will be patient thought and a delightful lingering over every detail. The example of the Greeks will then be there to show those who will work in that way how perfection in a few simple things may be reached in a generation, and how adequate are those few and simple things, made perfect, to make a style great.” Following this paper came a very interesting debate. The President called upon different mem- bers by name and insisted upon their discussing the topic in spite of respectful protestations of absolute ignorance; protestations, which it is only fair to state, the contributions to the subject did not by any means justify. Mr. Van Brunt spoke of different attempts at Greek revival. “Surely most of you remember Thompson, ‘ The Greek Thompson,’ as he was called, of Edinburgh. He spent his whole life in the endeavor to revive Greek architecture and in applying it, as he understood it, to structures of all sorts, especially churches and municipal buildings, and produced a very important series of works which were not reproductions of the Greek temple in any sense, but were distinctly an attempt to reproduce the Greek spirit of purity of outline, of reserved strength, of tranquility and of refinement in detail. Another attempt, a later one and a much more brilliant one, was made, as you all know, probably, by Henri Eabrouste, that learned Frenchman, who produced the new Bibliotheque St, Genevieve, an example of the Greek spirit applied to modern structure, which we might all of 11s study with profit. It is the Greek spirit that we are after, not the Greek form, surely. The Greek spirit is easily formulated and put into such shape that we can readily understand it, and I feel quite sure that if the pupils of our architectural schools were thoroughly grounded in that spirit that all that is good of it, all that is really applicable to our uses, can be applied. It is useless for us to endeavor to embarrass the remarkable development of modern art by any such unnecessary obstacles as the characteristics of the Greek temples, which are entirely out of place in our day. It is the spirit which we need in our work. There is 110 spirit which we could use which would be so beneficial to our modern art, and it should be made a fundamental study in our schools.” Mr. R. D. Andrews, of Boston, followed in a very well-rounded address, in the course of which he asked: “Is not the art of the Greeks, like every other true form of art, a universal thing, and isn’t the Greek element in it simply a transitory influence working upon that larger and universal thing? That is to say, what we are after, naturally, is art ; and because the Greeks got one kind of very perfect art it does not seem to me to be a reason why that should be the only art which is, therefore, open to us. It seems to me the Greek quality is the flavor imparted to that universal spirit of art by the Greek life, by conditions which were fixed and established by circumstances 50SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. which can never, by any chance, occur again. It is impossible, in an individual life, that one can act after an experience has occurred as he did before it occurred. It is impossible that we should act with the same confidence regarding our movements, when experience has shown us that in those movements there is a certain danger, perhaps, that certain consequences are likely to follow. The old unconsciousness and innocence of mind is gone, and we simply can not get back to it. And it seems to me the thing to do is to find out what is this spirit of Greek art and, by eliminating what was local and characteristic frcm that, to ascertain what is the pure quality of art ; to test that, in the same way, by taking the art of other times and by eliminating from that what is local and characteristic, and again doing the same process in the various arts that have arisen at various periods, until we have some standard, some general archeological standard, which is shown to have pervaded all these various periods, to have been a constant and not a fluctuating thing, which has been often simply colored by the race, the genius and individuality of various times and places. That seems to me the thing that really we are after. When we have found that, when we have learned to express ourselves in that way, then we, too, shall have acquired this spirit of this larger quality, and let it act through 11s, and shall have begun characteristic work of our own. I doubt very much whether anything can bring back the technique of Greek art, simply because it is a thing of the past; and I believe it is as impossible for it to be lived over as it is for a tree to live over the life of the past. Its whole organic structure has changed; everything in its surroundings and its environment has changed. It is, from my point of view, one of the impossibilities, and it seems to me is not a subject of debate.” ARCHITECTURAL EVOLUTION. Mr. J. W. Yost’s contribution on “The Evolution of American Architecture” was another exceedingly desirable and valuable argument. Starting out with the earliest ages he proceeded very carefully to trace the evolution of architecture to the present time, and in the course of his remarks he called attention to the fact that “no nation has heretofore existed possessing the multiplicity of wants we have. No people ever before possessed the personal fre doin of taste and the ability to provide an expression for it that we have. No style of architecture has ever been produced under such a variety of climatic influences as this country affords. Never have the designers and builders of any country had at their control such a varied supply of building materials and building appliances. Never have a people of any age or clime possessed such a complete knowledge of what all previous periods have done, nor had at their command such ready means of full communication with with each other, and with everybody else. Probably no nation of people was ever made up of so great a variety of races, nationalities and antecedent conditions as exists with us. “Gather together people from every nation of the earth, with their inbred fancy for the work of the mother country, supply them with means of comparison of what each likes with what all the others like, and then set before them the variety of materials and building appliances that all the world can supply and let them express all their wants under all the conditions the country develops, then crystallize the whole result into a distinctive expression, and the word 4 Style ’ must be greatly broadened in its signification in order to truly define the production. If anybody has expected to see, or has expected our posterity to see, in the architecture of this country, something so exclusive as the Greek orders, or even the Gothic styles, his expectations will probably never be realized. 4 4 There has been some impatience expressed because there has not been a final acceptance by the profession of some historic style as the key or starting point from which our future design must be developed. There seems to be those who think if the profession would only agree upon some 21SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. style as the best one for our purposes it could be adopted as the ‘American Style,’ and all future work made to follow its lines, at least sufficiently near to be considered its legitimate offspring. Some of our professional schools, while doing an excellent work, have in some way been lead into the idea that some particular type of architecture from a foreign country or previous age, is better than all others, and capable, if adapted reasonably, of answering all requirements as the antecedent type of American architecture, but not all of the schools agree which particular type of architecture it is which should be thus selected. The criticism of the times is largely based upon a preference for one or another style, and endeavors to measure the merits of all work according to the ideas the favored style expresses, often condemning excellent work as meretricious, and singing high the praises of well copied nonsense.” Mr. Yost went on to point out that in deciding what to do at any time, a thorough knowledge of what had been done furnished the surest foundation upon which original thought and novelty can rest. In the evolution of a national architecture, under the law of natural selection, by the survival of the fittest and under the conditions prevailing in this country, we begin by the use of first one style, then another, and then another, always terminating the experiment by softening the lines of demarkation between tf.em, just as the settlement of the country began, first with a colony from one country, then a colony from another, and then from another. All these colonies mingle, and soon the special characteristics of each begin to disappear. Then comes another colony and mingles with the others, the new immigrants having less and less influence upon the whole civilization in proportion as that which has come under the new environment becomes greater and greater in proportion to what comes from abroad, until, by and by, the volume of American civilization will be so vast in proportion to the importation of foreign influences that the importation will cease to be, in any appreciable measure, a disturbing element. The peculiarities of all the races and nationalities will merge into a newly evolved human entity known as an American. If architecture is true to its principles as a delineator of ethnographic life it must follow this same process of accretion, assimilation, of elimination and crystallization, until out of the architectural styles of all the world there will come, in its own good time, an expression composed of all, yet different from all, governed by new requirements and limitations, and it will be known as “American Architecture.’ “Mr. Gothic lands upon our shores, but under a different environment from that under which ‘Gothic’ was born and reared, he soon becomes a ‘ Gothic-American,’ the same as an English immigrant soon becomes an English-American. Then comes Mr. Romanesque, say from France, and must pursue the same course as the Frenchman, the one becomes Romanesque-American, and the other a French-American. The same is true with all other styles of architecture and nationalities of people. The one finally disappears in the ocean of American citizenship, and the other will disappear in the ocean of American architecture. Each is simply following the laws of evolution, the same as all civilization and all architectural expression have done in all the past. Neither can change the inevitable course of events. So that, while we begin to form a national architecture by following the fancy from one style of historic work to another, being wonderfully particular to have each style pure, we will end, that is, our posterity will end, by practically forgetting that there ever was such a thing as an ‘Order’ or a ‘Style.’ All that comes under the pencil must pass the scrutiny of the highest and best that is possible. The hand must be unshackled, the mind unfettered and free. While none of us will live to see American architecture in its glory, while we must live out our days in the shadowed valleys of the dawning of American art, yet we may see the golden glow of the morning sun as it kisses the tips of the highest specimens of art the genius of our generation can produce.” 22SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MORE ABOUT COMPETITIONS. On the following day the attention of the Convention was directed to the question of competitions, a very complete report from the Committee being presented. The Committee, while disavowing the intention of submitting a code to govern competitions, went so very fully into the subject, and suggested so many safeguards that they practically accomplished the purpose they disavowed very completely. The first of these suggestions was that “ Architects of reputation and experience will not enter competitions unless they are paid for their services.” A proper rate for the payment of an architect in competition was suggested at about two and a half times the square root of the lowest cost for the proposed structure. The Committee adopted the suggestion of Mr. John M. Carrere. That gentleman in explaining his financial suggestions said u that the first question to be considered is whether, in adopting such a code, it is the purpose of the Institute to encourage or discourage competitions. If you simply adopt this code as it stands, it would greatly encourage competitions, because our clients will then be able, by calling for a competition, to get the services rendered by the architects for less than our regular schedule price of one per cent. For instance, in a building to cost $1,000,000 this code would provide, in competition, for a payment of $2,500 ; four architects in competition, for instance, would get $10,000 ; our preliminary charges would be $10,000 for one architect. Now, the question is, whether it is the object to discourage competitions by the adoption of this code. I11 preparing the code I hold that it should supersede entirely the one per cent clause of the schedule, which seems to be a stumbling block, and I think that the two go together and should be considered together. As we now stand before the public, one per cent, for instance, on a $1,000,000 building is $10,000. If ten of us be asked to compete for that same building and paid $500, we practically furnish for $500 the same preliminary drawings for which we charge usually $10,000, so that the client who is employing you is rather encouraged to give you one-tenth chance and pay you $500 than to give you the only chance and pay you $10,000. The idea of this worked schedule which I have prepared is to change the one per cent clause of the schedule, so that it will read ‘preliminary studies as per table at foot of schedule,’ and to have this schedule supersede the present one per cent charge, so that the charge being more moderate for buildings of a larger cost would enable a client to employ a single architect and pay him his regular charge instead of avoiding the charge, as is customary now, by establishing a competition. For the buildings of lowest cost, the encouragement would be less great and the requirements also less exacting. I would like to explain that the one per cent clause does not change any of the other clauses of the present schedule. When the work has gotten beyond the preliminary stage the rates now established by the schedule remain: two and one-half per cent, etc. It does not seem to me that one thing goes without the other.” The second clause in the Committee’s recommendation was that no architect should accept an invitation to enter a competition unless it was distinctly agreed in advance that the author of the best design should be employed to erect the building, and that he should be paid for his services at the rates established by the schedule of charges of the profession published by the American Institute of Architects. Another of Mr. Carrere’s suggestions which was very favorably considered was as follows: “Competitions will be entered into only for works for the Federal, State, Munici- pal, County or other Public Buildings, provided that they shall be conducted under the direction of at least one expert adviser, and will be judged by at least three expert judges, whose duty it shall be to select the four best drawings, and place them in the order of their merit; the expert and judges being selected either by agreement with the majority of the competitors, or from a list to be furnished by the American Institute of Architects or its local Chapter ; and provided that the authorsSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. of all four designs thus selected shall receive full compensation for preliminary sketches as above noted, and if the work is executed, that the author of the accepted design will be guaranteed his employment in accordance with the schedule of minimum charges of the American Institute of Architects. The four selected designs are to remain the property of the architects, and are not to be used beyond the preliminary stage, without further compensation. All other drawings to remain the property of the architects, and not to be used, in part or in whole, without fair compensation, to be established by the expert. The expert and judges to receive a fair compensation for their services.” The nine other recommendations of the Committee were as follows: 3. It is the belief of your Committee that the best ends will always be secured by the selection of an architect without a competition, for a better judgment may be formed of the probable result from the past work of an architect than from preliminary studies made in competition. 4. If possible to appoint an architect directly, and a competition is necessary, we respectfully advise that in making the award it is best to select the man who by his competition design has given promise of ability to develop his studies into the best solution of the problem, rather than the man who has guessed nearest to the preconceived solution of the problem of the party instituting the competitions (thus eliminating as much as possible all elements of chance). 5. It should be clearly understood that a competition can only serve to furnish the general scheme for the arrangement and design, and that much afterstudy will be necessary to protect details, both of the plan, elevations and sections. 6. The number and scale of the drawings required should, under all circumstances, be definitely stated, and for any variation from the stipulations the author of the design should be thrown out of the competition. As few drawings as . possible should be required, and they should consist only of floor plans, sections and elevations, the latter with carefully constructed shadows. The openings and shadows rendered in line monotone or color, at the discretion of the competitor, for to the competitent expert the plan well studied from an artistic point of view embodies the perspective. The latter tends to discourage serious study, to deceive the jury, and to entail a more than useless expense upon the architects, and should be excluded from competitions. 7. Inasmuch as a special technical education is necessary to judge from drawings of the effect in execiition of an architectural design, it is indispensable that the party proposing to institute an architectural competition should appoint a professional adviser of standing and experience. 8. It should be the duty of the professional adviser to assist the party proposing to build, to prepare a definite and explicit schedule of requirements, and to state the exact limit of cost. To fix a definite time and place for the receipt of designs. 9. In the case of competition of work for magnitude, it is recommended that a plan formerly proposed by the Western Association of Architects should be adopted, viz.: that a jury of awards of three experts should be formed, to consist of the professional adviser of the committee, an architect nominated by the competitors, and a third architect appointed by the two thus selected. 10. It should be the duty of the professional adviser (if no jury is appointed), or of the jury, to examine all plans, and to place out of competition, by returning his drawings without compensation, any architect who has sent plans not corresponding exactly in number, quality or character with those required by the scheme of competition, or who submits directly or indirectly plans, sketches or models not called for by the scheme of competition. 11. The adviser or jury should study the plans carefully, and should definitely recommend one scheme as giving promise of the best result, and should recommend the appointment of its author as architect for the proposed work.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The subject was naturally one in which there was considerable difference of opinion, and the debate which followed was exceedingly technical, although important. In the main the suggestions made were adopted. OBJECTIVE AND PERSPECTIVE. Mr. L. H. Sullivan, of Chicago, read a paper on “Objective and Perspective,” in the course of which he gave some very valuable hints. How strange it seems that education, in practice, so often means suppression; that instead of leading the mind outward to the light of day it crowds things in upon it that darken and weary it. Yet, evidently, the true object of education, now as ever, is to develop the capabilities of the head and of the heart. He therefore who possesses a sound head and a responsive heart is worthy of enlightened guidance, is amenable to educational influence. “Let us now imagine a simple youth so equipped, so gifted, I am almost forced to say, an inborn poet, untaught, unschooled, and living an outdoor life. So familiarly has he fared with sunshine and air, and the living things, that they seem, as indeed they are, everyday and common to him. Yet the mere community of their lives, the similarity of the experiences of the boy, the plants and the animals in that native, simple, naive, unsullied state that we, who are perhaps unduly artificial, call by contrast natural—this state has drawn him very near to them all. “Breathing the same air as they, in the same glowing sunshine, sustained by the same satisfying moisture, he and they expand side by side, defining themselves intimately to each other; and the boy, growing always, after a while feels himself to be not only with them but of them. His is a brotherhood with the trees; a wistful eye he softens to the flowers; he has a comely friendship for them all. ‘ ‘ He knows that the young leaves love the dew; that the tendril reaches quietly for the twig it may cling to. He has seen the fern unfolding its brown spiral to become anon green and regular. He has splashed knee - deep in the marsh ; he knows the dark fragrance very well; he parts his friends, the rushes, to make a way for his eyes that seek what they may devour—his eyes with a keen and endless appetite. His hands touch the warmish water. Sniffing the active air, he lives only as a boy can live—his lively sensibilities always in physical touch with his surroundings, in the full and irrepressible enjoyment of his five senses. These five senses, and they only, stand between him and nature. It is they that interpret her affection ; and the ready language that they deal iu keeps him in such a natural sympathy, so well in touch, so intimately at ease, that he does not for a moment realize that he is then and there doing that which education, so-called, once having made inoperative in him, he will, in after years, poet though he be, reacquire, only with the utmost difficulty the power to do. “This something that he is doing, and the physical and psychic state that it implies, we call Touch, meaning not the touch of the painter, nor the touch of the sculptor, not the mechanical and technical touch of the fingers only, nor quite their negligent contact with things, but the exquisite touch of the sensibilities, the warm physical touch of the body, the. touch of a sound head and a responsive heart, the touch of the native one, the poet, out of doors, in spontaneous com- munion with nature. “Let us forget our little man,” said Mr. Sullivan, “for he is to companion me in spirit through this discourse. I believe he exists somewhere, he has in his breast the true architectural afflatus, and, some day, will come forth the Messiah of our art. For he has that early and sureSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. understanding by the eyes that will survive all future uncertainties of the brain. He has that exalted animal sense which alone can discern the path leading to hidden knowledge, that acute and instant scent in matters objective leading to matters subjective that we call Intuition. No phase of human nature can contain greater interest for the student of psychology than the history — natural, political, religious and artistic—of the successive phases for good and for ill of Objectivity and Sub- jectivity. They are the two controlling elements in human endeavor. They have caused, in their internecine warfare, misery and perturbation. They are ordinarily known and spoken of as the intellectual and the emotional, but they lie deeper, much deeper, than these—they lie in the very heart of nature. Coming into man’s being they have been antagonistic because of the fanaticism and one-sidedness of human nature, because of its immobility. Because, from the beginning, man has been beset by beautiful, by despicable illusions. Because one set of men have believed in what they could see, and another set have believed in what they could not see. Because it has too often happened that the man who could see with the outer eye could not see with the inner eye; because the other man, rhapsodizing with the clear insight of faith, had no thought of the things of this world. Neither has believed in the virtue of the other. Neither has inferred from the presence of the other the necessary existence of a balancing but hidden power. Now and then, through the ages, they have come twin-born in the bosom of an individual man, upon whose brow the generations have placed the wreath of immortality. “So vast, so overwhelming is the power of a great, a properly balanced subjectivity, so enormously does it draw on the spiritual nutrition and stored-up vitality of the world, that, soon sapping this up and still craving, the man possessed of it, urged by it, goes straight to the unfailing bounty of nature, and there, by virtue of his passionate adoration, passing the portals of the objective, he enters that extraordinary communion that the sacred writers called to 4 walk with God.’ There can be no doubt that the most profound desire that fills the human soul, the most heartfelt hope, is the wish to be at peace with nature and the Inscrutable Spirit; nor can there be a doubt that the greatest Art Work is that which most nearly typifies a realization of this ardent, patient longing. All efforts of the body, all undertakings of the mind, tend consciously or unconsciously towards this consummation, tend toward this final peace ; the peace of perfect equilibrium, the repose of absolute unity, the serenity of a complete identification.” At the afternoon session of the second day Professor Ware read an essay by Mr. Longfellow, of Cambridge, on “Early Italian Church Architecture,” after which Mr. Sullivan’s paper was discussed. Mr. Frank Miles Day next occupied the floor with a paper on “Traveling for Architectural Study.” He argued that it was too late to make it necessary to put forward any arguments in favor of traveling for architectural study, for all architects who had traveled were a unit as to its usefulness, while the testimony of those who have not traveled was inadmissible, as they were not witnesses to the fact. The next paper was by Mr. R. W. Gibson, of New York, who covered a subject somewhat akin to the one which preceded it, the subject being “ Traveling Scholarships, or What Work Must be Done by the Student.” “ An architect’s office,” said the reader, “ for a beginner is a museum of restrictions. He is beset with them, those of the machine shop, those of the market, those of the trades unions, those of the client, those of the chief, until he sometimes actually forgets and abandons his purpose to study architecture, and settles down to temporize with circumstances. He learns to follow, and ceases to study to lead. But the man who knows the past, and has seen its work, will feel its inspiration and it will remain with him. 26SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. “ The work of this first tour with the student should therefore be observation and the enjoyment of it ; no notes, no sketches should be required ; they should not even be allowed ; the view should be general and broad, and sympathetic, and it should be comprehensive—a visit to twenty cities in forty days. The time not spent in seeing antiquity should be given to reading its history.” HIGH BUILDINGS. At the evening session Mr. Thomas Hastings, of New York, read a paper on “ High Buildings and Good Architecture; What Principles Should Govern Their Design.” Disclaiming any intention of discussing the propriety of erecting exceptionally high buildings or the municipal laws that should limit their height, he proceeded to say that he believed “that there should be rational limitations for all buildings constructed solely for revenue. This is required by practical and sanitary considerations. From an artistic point of view, my subject permits me to argue that there is nothing more unfortunate in the general aspect of a city than the necessarily broken sky-lines of our streets because of there being no legal limitations as to the height of buildings. It is almost discouraging to spend one’s energy upon fifty or one hundred feet of an avenue or street, when, however good the result in itself may be, we are only making a blot upon the ensemble of the general line of building. Legal limitations would give us that monotony so essential to the general appearance of a city, and also so essential as a background for exceptional monuments. In such a company as this, it is not necessary for me to do more than to allude to the rigid building laws existing in other countries than ours in order to explain the charming unity and monotony which exist in the streets of the principal foreign cities.” Mr. Hastings went on to say “that modern life and habits, modern inventions, the modern industrial and commercial spirit, perfected systems of lighting, ventilating and heating, the elevator and other conveniences, have of necessity imposed upon the architects of our time a new and serious problem to solve. This problem must confront them, even if legal authorities finally fix a limitation as to the height or number of stories ; for such a limitation can only simplify the problem, and not eliminate it. It must, therefore, be solved in an artistic way. To contend that this one problem, resulting from the industrial and commercial spirit of the age, must, as has so often been assumed, determine and transform all modern architecture, is unquestionably an exaggeration. The architect of our time has practically the same civil, domestic, and religious problems to solve, in their many and varied forms, which have been given his profession ever since Classic times. The variety of problems only increases as life expands and differentiates, as is noticeable when we study the history and development of architectural style. The mere theorist is apt to make too much of what he calls an 4entirely new state of affairs,’ and so becomes revolutionary in questions of design. The office-building is only one step farther in the general advancement. With the many difficulties before us, while endeavoring to design a lofty structure, we must not be discouraged, but only try to build in the most natural and logical way—adapting all precedents to this one new condition. “It would seem as if nature had come forth to provide with comparatively new materials, in iron and steel, to assist us in this new kind of work. That these materials should play a most important partin our designing, it seems must be accepted. Our building laws, instead of hindering th: architect in his design, should assist him more than they do, by being properly revised. Some practical solution should be devised, which would permit the use of apparent iron construction, within the spirit of our laws. We might use exposed iron in a partly decorative way to indicate the constructive members which are concealed of necessity for fire-proof reasons. It is difficult to 27SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. imagine a more natural and beautiful solution than to treat these iron and steel constructions with curtain walls, by honestly showing the iron and steel on the facade, with a filling of terra - cotta, brick or faience, with projections constructed with apparent iron and terra-cotta. But such a solution is even more difficult to talk about than to execute. If the laws should be revised, as suggested, we could only wait for some one capable to experiment in this direction. “The story is told of Hayden, that a pupil brought to him one of the master’s compositions and asked him if certain sequences were not wrong, or contrary to the rules. Impatiently the master replied, 1 Yes, but they sound well.’ If a design looks well it is well. Of course such freedom should not be carried so far as to become license. “It is right to be logical, but a work of art was never beautiful solely because logical. The most difficult thing in composition, as in all art, is to know how to be simple<—to be simple without being stupid and empty; to be firm and strong without being hard and angular; to have good detail, which on the one hand does not assert itself to the injury of the composition, and on the other hand is not timid for fear of a want of refinement. When a man has acquired a certain knowledge of his art, timidity is almost as bad as vulgarity or brutality, and weakness as unpardonable as coarseness. “Therefore, in solving this exceptional problem, the 4 high office-building,’ we must demand, while holding the precedents and traditions as much as possible, perfect freedom in composition, and above all, avoid copying or adapting entire motifs or parts of other buildings that we have seen, to these new conditions. We must compose, and not copy. Only in this way will the new problem play its part among the numerous and varied other conditions of our life, to influence modern architectural style in its further development.” “SKY-SCRAPERS” AND THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. The next paper dealt with “Skeleton Construction and the Fire Department,” and was from the pen of Mr. T. M. Clark. This well-known architect called attention to the fact that as economy of time must be practiced to the utmost at the present time, each business must be as far as possible localized. This naturally involves collecting near a given spot as many persons whose interests are connected with that locality, as can safely be accommodated ; this requirement alone brings us inevitably to the modern high building, with its many stories, and its swift - running elevators, standing upon a lot whose situation also gives it fabulous value. Notwithstanding all that has been said in ridicule of the “sky-scrapers,” there is no doubt that these high buildings meet a need that has been urgently felt, and will continue to be felt more and more in our large cities ; and, however conservative we may be in our notions of the virtues of six stories of solid wall, we all know that the buildings that the age requires, standing on land worth two hundred dollars a square foot, must be made with protected metallic skeletons, and we have probably prepared ourselves, by earnest study of the subject, to make the best of the new construction whether it appeals to our artistic sympathies or not. That it should at once appeal to our artistic sympathies is not particularly to be desired. The people who cast off the old love with most alacrity are not those who gain the firmest hold on the affections of the new one ; and a regard, based on an appreciation of the many excellent qualities of the new architecture, will be the best foundation for an esteem which, we may hope, will hereafter find artistic expression. Dealing with the question of safety against fire, Mr. Clark reminded the Convention that it was well understood by members of the profession that no building, however constructed, is safe 28SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. struction. A long and interesting discussion followed, and a good deal of light was let in upon a subject upon which there is so much diversity of opinion, and apparently so much difficulty in coming to a reasonable conclusion. At the third day’s proceedings St. Louis was selected for the convention of 1895, and ballots were distributed for officers. There was no competition for the office of President, Vice-President, Secretary or Treasurer, as the names of no other gentlemen appeared on both the tickets. The following officers were elected: President, Daniel H. Burnham; First Vice-President, George B. Post; Second Vice-President, William S. Eames; Secretary, Alfred Stone ; Treasurer, Samuel A. Treat. The eight directors elected to serve for a period of three years, were: Messrs. Louis H. Sullivan, of Chicago; George C. Mason, Jr., of Philadelphia; Theodore C. Link, of St. Louis; Samuel Hannaford, of Cincinnati ; Charles A. Cummings, of Boston ; Edward I. Nickerson, of Providence ; W. L. B. Jenney, of Chicago, and Wilson Eyre, of Philadelphia. An amendment to the By - Laws was adopted defining a practicing architect as “an architect who is established in the practice of his profession and eligible to membership in the Institute. Any Chapter may retain as associate members architects who shall not have been engaged in practice for more than three years, and hence may not be eligible to Fellowship in the Institute.” The directors were instructed to substitute in the new schedule of charges issued, for the one per cent for preliminary drawings, the fixed rates proposed by Mr. Carrere in the paper which he submitted to the Institute, or the nearest even money to the deductions obtained by him by mathematical computation. A committee of five was also appointed to consider the feasibility of direct proportionate representation of the Chapters in the Board of Directors, and to propose, in time for the action of the next Annual Convention, such amendments to the Constitution and By-Laws as may be advisable. The following vote of thanks was passed: uResolved, That the thanks of the American Insti- tute of Architects are hereby expressed to the Architectural League for its hospitality in opening its rooms for the meeting of this Convention, for their successful efforts in making us feel at home within this building, and for its good offices in securing the co-operation of the other societies occupying the premises; and the thanks of this Institute are hereby extended to the American Fine Arts Society for the opportunity to freely visit the Exhibition in the galleries of the society, and to the Society of American Artists for the use of their rooms in which to enjoy the hospitality of the New York Chapter of the A. I. A. u Resolved, That the thanks of this Institute be extended to the New York Chapter for its generous hospitality. ” Mr. William P. P. Longfellow, Prof. Charles H. Moore, Dr. John S. Billings, Prof. Cady Staley, Baron Henry Von Geymuller and Mr. Theodore N. Ely were added to the roll of honorary members ; and Messrs. S. M. Randolph, Prof. E. S. Morse, Mr. Montgomery Schuyler, Mr. Charles MacDonald, Mr. William Paul Gerhard, and Mr. J. S. Walker were elected corresponding members. A cordial invitation on behalf of the Chamber of Commerce of Nashville, Tennessee, seconded by the directors of the Centennial Exposition of Tennessee, to hold the 1896 Convention at Nashville, and sundry interesting and appropriate votes of thanks brought to a termination an exceptionally successful convention, and a very pleasant gathering. 30Souvenir, American institute of architects. against fire, unless the amount of combustible material contained in it is either very small, or is divided into small portions by incombustible partitions ; and it is also well known that a building, very safe against internal hazards, may be destroyed by the attack of a fierce conflagration from the outside. Great as has been the progress in the art of incombustible construction within the last ten years, there is still much that can be done, with materials already at hand, in fortifying onr lofty buildings against both internal and external risks. Where the fire-proof building of ten years ago had its partitions set with wooden studs, filled in with blocks of hollow plaster, or porous terra-cotta, and its wooden doors and windows trimmed with wooden architraves, the modern structure is divided by partitions of cement, on metallic lath, held by uprights of channel or angle iron, or of wrought iron pipe ; and, in many cases, provides iron frames and casings for its doors and windows ; and the fire-proof building of the future will undoubtedly add to these either doors entirely of metal or glass, such as are made in Germany, and occasionally here, or of wood covered with sheet metal, in the manner recently introduced, which gives a light, handsome and perfectly incombustible door at a very small expense. Among his suggestions was one for the clothing of a steel skeleton with cement, mortar and iron rails, cased over entirely with copper or brass, or aluminum, riveted at the joints. With a little grouting between the steel work and the casing to give a substantial backing to the sheet-metal, a building of this sort would be almost indestructible. Fire and water would expend their force upon it in vain, centuries of exposure to the weather would only increase the beauty of its patina, and, if well anchored to the ground, and cross-braced with moderate skill, no earthquake could bring it down. “It would be a queer-looking affair, no doubt,” he admitted, “and the critics would have plenty of sport at its expense, but we may remember, in our efforts to accomplish, by the light of our own intelligence, the results that were required of us, that it was the ugliest of the ducklings that grew up to be a swan, and that in the solution of the most important, most difficult, and yet most imperious problem that confronts ns, certainly lies to a great extent the future of the art of architecture of America. ’ ’ Dealing with another oft-heard criticism, Mr. Clark said that it is frequently stated by firemen that the brick and terra-cotta, with which we clothe the steel skeleton of our new buildings, are liable to destruction, by the combined effect of heat and water, and that when exposed to a serious conflagration, either from the inside or outside, they are liable to fall off and expose the steel structure. Experience has shown that there is truth in this, but it does not follow that high building must be condemned in consequence. Our mediaeval brethren, in attempting to adapt their old round arch to their new conditions, found that their buildings generally fell down. Did they for this reason desist from their attempts to solve the problem imposed upon them? No. They knew, as we know, that the problem must be solved ; and to solve it they at last invented a form of arch which had never been seen before since the beginning of the world. So strange and outlandish did this arch appear to them that for years, although they were compelled by constructive necessity to use it, and did use it with great skill, they disguised it, so that no one should notice that their buildings contained anything but the round arch of their forefathers. In the same way, if brick, stone and terra-cotta cannot be made to protect, efficiently, the metal framework of the buildings which we are trying to make fire-proof, something else that will accomplish this object will assuredly be employed, no matter how much our traditions may have to be upset for the purpose. Another contribution to the same subject was from Mr. Jenney, who dealt with the subject of wind pressure in tall buildings of skeleton construction, giving a number of valuable examples from the Fort Dearborn Building, at the corner of Clark and Monroe Streets, then in the course of COll- 29SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE CONVENTION CITY. Mention has already been made of the fame St. Louis has acquired as a Convention City. Its people have the record of having raised the largest fund for exposition, convention, or entertainment purposes, with the exception of World’s Fair subscriptions. In 1891 St. Louis, which was a candidate for the Columbian Exposition and had secured pledges of five million dollars in that connection, decided to raise a million dollars for entertainment purposes during the World’s Fair period. An enthusiastic meeting was held and in a very short time half a million dollars was raised for the purposes mentioned. One-fifth of this sum was hung up as a bonus to be given to any firm or corporation which would build a fire-proof hotel in the city, to cost not less than a million dollars. A large proportion of the money was spent in a series of electrical and gas street illuminations of a very gorgeous character, and about a third of the money collected was devoted to advertising St. Louis in America and Europe. The Planters’ Hotel was erected as a result of this enterprise and of the bonus offered. From the standpoint of the profession it would have been more satisfactory had it been possible to arrange for a competition and for the selection of the best plans for what was to be a great addition to the hotel accommodations of America’s fifth city. The circumstances, however, rendered this practically impossible, and the enterprise was, from the first, a purely commercial one. A Chicago firm made a bid for the bonus and at one time seemed to have secured it. The necessary backing was, however, lacking and. a local syndicate finally bought up the old Planters’ House of historic memory, tore down the architectural nightmare which encumbered the site, and replaced it with the ten-story structure of somewhat unique design which stands to-day a monument to St. Louis enterprise. It is probable that every visitor to the Convention will go through the hotel, and a very large number of delegates will stop at it. Under these circumstances it will be interesting to note that the building cost a great deal more than the million dollars stated as the minimum which would secure a bonus. The half block upon which the building stands cost about a half million dollars. The amount of money spent in the construction was $1,300,000, and the furnishing bills brought the total up to more than $2,000,000. The Committee of the Autumnal Festivities Association, which had charge of the work, said in its final report that every dollar of the money had been judiciously and economically expended. “ The hotel,” the report concluded, ‘‘erected not so much in response to the offer of a bonus as to meet the urgent requirements of the city for another first - class hotel, exceeds every demand and expectation and is a distinct honor to the city of St. Louis. If the Autumnal Festivities Association had accomplished nothing beyond securing the erection of this noble structure, it would have amply justified its existence and left behind it a lasting memorial of its usefulness. Your Committee feels that in presenting to you and to the citizens of St. Louis the Planters’ Hotel, it has nothing for which to apologize, and that the hotel will receive the generous patronage of loyal St. Louisans and of the traveling public.” The Planters’ Hotel is but one of the architectural attractions, so to speak, which will greet the delegates and visitors to the Convention. St. Louis is a city which until quite recently suffered from a great overdose of municipal modesty. It is getting over the complaint now, but the impression current as to its size and importance is still very misleading. Just after the panic of 1893 Mr. Chauncey Depew, on returning from a protracted tour of inspection through the West, said that St. Louis was the solitary exception to the rule of depression and discontent, adding that the Convention 31SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. City seemed to ignore the fact that there had been a panic, and was attending to business as though the entire country were reveling in prosperity. Only a few days ago Mr. George Gould returned from a very similar trip, and in an account of his experiences he said: u My stay in St. Louis was very pleasant. It is a fine city. Nowhere in the West did I see so much enterprise, push and energy as in St. Louis. It is a beautiful city, a great railroad center, and one of the greatest cities that I have ever visited. Its people are hospitable and Chesterfieldian. I enjoyed my stay in Missouri’s chief city very much, and so did the entire party of which I was one. ’ ’ It will not be the fault of the Local Chapter or of the people of St. Louis if every delegate does not return to his home with very similar impressions to these. Those who have not been to the Missouri metropolis for eight or ten years will find a wonderful change in the appearance of the city. It is scarcely ten years since the first so-called fire-proof office structure was erected, and it is less than ten years since the first actually fire-proof building was put up. In their spare moments, if the local committee allows them to have any, delegates will find a great deal to interest them in thé eight, ten and twelve story buildings which have replaced the two or three story houses which encumbered the ground a decade ago. The Union Trust Building is the highest in the city and has a roof garden upon its summit from which can be obtained a very good birds-eye view of the city, of the rising ground to the west, and of the lowlands and bluffs on the Illinois side of the Mississippi River. The building can hardly be called a cheap one, but its owners certainly obtained a great deal for their money in the way of space and accommodation, as the announced expenditure was less than a million dollars. A more costly building and an exceedingly substantial one is the Security, on the top story of which the Noon-Day Club makes its home. The building has an exceptionally handsome rotunda and other features sufficiently novel to attract a great deal of attention and much comment. Its walls are massive but the general plan differs materially from ordinary sky - scraping devices. The Laclede, Wainwright, Commercial, Turner, DeMenil, Odd Fellows, and Globe - Democrat Buildings are among some of the other new erections which will naturally be examined with interest by visitors, who will also find in the new Mercantile Building many excellent ideas in planning and equipping. The Fagin Building, opposite the post office, which was recently sold and which may possibly be torn down and replaced, will doubtless be a source of attraction on the ground that it is some- what of a freak and without a duplicate, so far as anyone who has seen it knows, in the civilized world. As an office building it has many points to commend it, but its entrance is so obscure that the stranger is very apt to pass it by altogether. It will be noticed that on the north side of Olive street both east and west of the Federal Building new work is in progress. These two corners are to be improved with exceptionally large and costly office buildings, the one on the west going entirely through the block and fronting upon three streets. Some difficulties have been encountered in the foundation work of these buildings and a good deal of interesting details can be studied. It is likely too that a great many of the delegates will ask the way to Guppies’ Station and inspect what is admitted to be the most unique wholesale and jobbing emporium in the word. Cupples’ Station consists of one very large structure and others small only by comparison. Here are to be found collected together most of the wholesale grocers of St. Louis, whose name is legion and whose business is prodigious. Other firms have also headquarters in the same block. The largest hardware house in the world is about moving its wholesale department into it, and manufacturing and other companies have also located hard by. The special features of the Cupples’ Block has relation to arrangements for receiving and 32SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. shipping freight. The location is very convenient for this purpose, and by aid of switches, cars are run into the basement of the building and right up to elevator shafts. Freight is thus loaded and unloaded within the building itself and an immense saving in expense in the way of switching charges and hauling effected. But a few years ago the ground upon which these buildings are located was occupied by a very inferior class of residence property and the transformation is very remarkable. A great many visitors to the Convention will be interested in at least a casual inspection of some of the exceptionally large factories in St. Louis, which is now the fourth largest manufacturing city in the Union. It would seem almost superfluous to make any reference to the Union Station, which is by far the largest in the world. A day can well be spent in examining this structure and the yards connected with it. It was built in consequence of the immense growth of the city and in anticipation of still larger increase in population and importance. The manufacturing interests which have pushed St. Louis to the front are very numerous. The two largest tobacco factories in the world are situated within its corporate limits, and ground has been broken for a third factory of this kind to cost $1,250,000. The largest brewery in the United States is also a St. Louis landmark. Those who visit it will be interested in noting that massiveness and capacity have not been allowed to interfere with aesthetics. The brewery is really a fair-sized city in itself, and the owners have prided themselves in making every addition symmetrical and pleasing to the eye. The largest hardware house and the largest woodenware house in the world are also in St. Louis, as well as the largest shoe factory under one roof in the United States. These features are of more than ordinary interest, and visitors regard them as attractions not to be overlooked. In the residence portions of the city the streets are not all paved as well as desired, but in the down-town section the uniformity of the paving and the excellence of the sidewalks, combined with the regular system of municipal street sprinkling adopted, are all matters which will commend themselves to the attention of lovers of neatness and order, and those to whom the condition of streets and sidewalks is by no means an unimportant item in connection with their profession. While in St. Louis the delegates will have an excellent opportunity of seeing the residences in the suburban sections of a busy Western city. About three years ago St. Louis entertained the members of the New York Press Club, who had been touring the country and were on their way back Hast from the Pacific Coast. They were driven around St. Louis in carriages, and many of them expressed the opinion that in no part of their trip had they observed so many styles of architecture so well exemplified and depicted as in St. Louis. Comment was specially made upon the way in which different schools of architecture were represented, side by side in streets and private places, and there were candid admissions that none of the visitors had any idea that St. Louis had risen to so much good sense and good taste. It is quite possible that the visiting architects may in a measure confirm the opinions thus expressed by critics whose powers of observation exceeded their technical knowledge. The merchant princes of St. Louis who have made fortunes out of trade and commerce, and who have profited by taking the advice given by Horace Greeley, are great believers in the beauty and blessings of home. Palatial residences are very numerous, and many residents of the local Chapter have achieved triumphs of which they are well entitled to be proud, and which they will show with much pleasure to their brother architects during their stay here. In the extreme western part of the city, where development is of recent date and where all the houses are modern, the feature referred to is very prominent. In the private places, which are numerous and where park-like features abound, there is a great deal to be seen which is not to be noticed in other cities, and the high state of preservation and the expense 33SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. incurred in sidewalks, driveways, grass-plats and parterres speak volumes for the enterprise of those who have reclaimed apparently undesirable tracts of building land. The street railroad system of St. Louis will certainly form the subject of much favorable comment. As in almost everything else the great improvement of this system has taken place during the last ten years. When in the year 1885 a cable road was constructed in the city the horse-car interests rose up in arms against the innovation, and for a time the prospects of rapid transit did not appear very bright. Since then cable roads have been largely superseded by electricity, and at the present time there are over three hundred miles of street railroads in the city. A large percentage of this mileage is operated by electricity and the balance by cable. Some of the best electric cars in the United States are running over the tracks, and it is possible by means of the transfer system to ride nearly twenty miles for five cents. In this connection it is interesting to note that St. Louis was the pioneer city for street-car mail service, and that for some time a regular system of distributing mail to suburban districts by electric cars has been in force. Express and ambulance cars have also been tried with varying success. The influence of street railroads upon building has been so great that the subject is thoroughly appropriate. Rapid transit has reduced the time distance for residents in suburban points more than fifty per cent, and has enabled the architect and builder to go further afield and take advantage of opportunities which previously lay dormant. In the old horse-car days the number of passengers carried annually never exceeded 40,000,000. At the present time the number of passengers carried exceeds 2,000,000 a week and is steadily increasing as additional facilities are afforded and increased trackage operated. 34SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. EJames & Young, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Plaster your building with.... Royal Cement Plaster It Is to your interest to write for further information.... ADDRESS ROYAL CEMENT PLASTER COMPANY, ST. LOUIS, MO. ...Saint Louis Agent: ... 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LOUIS G MANUFACTURER, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN AS, ELECTRIC and COMBINATION % V* FIXTURES... LATEST STYLES CORRECT PRICES SPECIAL DESIGNS UPON APPLICATION Architects. Builders and Owners ___SHOULD INVESTIGATE . . . .. Sammis Mosaic Tile Co.’s ■■■■MOSAIC TILING.... V FOR Flooring, Wainscoting, Stair Steps AND ALL INTERIOR MOSAIC WORK. It Is Much Cheaper and Far Superior to any Tiling now on the market, and ••^•Makes a Solid Bond Flooring-^'- And is used in some of the finest buildings in the country. SAMMIS MOSAIC TILE CO., ..LARGEST.... MOSAIC TILE HOUSE IN UNITED STATES. 159 LaSalle Street, CHICAGO, ILL.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. RESIDENCES ON MORGAN STREET, ST. LOUIS. A. K. Rosenheim, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ___THE___ Simmons flafdwe Go. ipRESENTS its compliments to the visiting Architects and Delegates to the 29th Annual Convention of the American Institute of Architects, and cordially invites them to inspect their New Broadway Store. We hope that your visit to St Louis will be a pleasant and profitable one. Sincerely yours, SIMMONS HARDWARE CO., 212-214-216 N. Broadway, ST. LOUIS.RESIDENCE ON LINDELL BOULEVARD, ST. LOUIS. . A. P. Rosenheim, Architect. SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ■«Fm fit 1 Hjypos 9«RÌSL,-. ... Majestic Steel and Malleable Ranges Are made in combination for coal and gas,, with water heater in one or both, as per this illustration. They are handle some and occupy very little space, but, best of all, they are made entirely of Malleable Iron and Steel, except the fire-box in the coal section, and hence will last a lifetime. They use one-half of either fuel of any other make. We also make them separately—a full line. Our Water Heaters are double the capacity of any other Range on the market. Respectfully, ■lili PIHB «IP11 if rjii 2010=2020 Morgan Street, Majestic Manufacturing Company, ____ST. LOUIS, MO. CLEMENT D. RINALD. RINALD BROS., MANUFACTURERS OF Bessemer Paint for Best Protection against Atmospheric, Electric and Chemical Influences. HERMANN RINALD. Iron. Porcelain Elnannel Raint, WARRANTED FREE FROM LEAD. Substitute for Glazed Bricks and Tiles. PORCELAIN ENAMEL PAINT. Highest Award Chicago, 1893. GOLD medals: LEIPZIG, 1892. Red Cross and Hygienic Exposition. ^ ROME, 1894. International Congress of r$ Physicians. 1 VIENNA, 1894. Red Cross and Hygienic Exposition. ^ NORDEN, GERMANY, 1894. BESSEMER PRINT. HIGHEST AWARD, CHICAGO, 1893. Text of Diploma: “Free from Oxides. Preventing rust.” Quotations from U. 8. War Department Report, October, 1891: “Stands better than others.” The same, December, 1894: “Has given satisfaction.” Tacony Iron and Metal Company, Philadelphia, April, 1891: “Economical because durable.” The same, December, 1894: “No signs of decay.” Brooklyn Elevated R. R. Company: “Doing much better than anything we ever tried.” Grand Ducai Chemical Testing Laboratory Darmstadt, Germany: “Shows a saving of from 40% to 50%.”. Prof. Dr. Fresenius, Wiesbaden: “Resists Exposure and jarring.” Royal Mechanical-Analytical Institute, Berlin, Oharlottenburg: “Did not change on exposure to 316° F. Resisted damp air containing Carbonic Acid Gas.” Philadelphia Testing Laboratory: “Entirely prevented rusting of apparatus,” ....DISCOUNT PLACE.... (Entrance, 30 to 32 North 6th Street.) Philadelphia, Pa. J. HAGEN MCCRACKEN, Western Agent, Builders’ Exchange, St. Louis,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. GERMAN LUTHERAN CHURCH, ST. LOUIS. Thbo. C. Link, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Christopher* & Simpson jQh /C2 /CM -TiITV' ^ * o- =0 i=0 Li] n y ) ¿fl 0 (PL ti7 Mil U =B iLfl /VANUFACTUREF5 OF STORE FRONTS, JAIL, RAILING AND VAULT VORK, SHUTTERS, FIRE ESCAPES AND BALCONIES. ALL KINDS OF IRON VORK FOR BUILDERS AND CASTINGS IN GENERAL Office AtroFeuTOeY. Rmrk Ave„ ramS- feS-Sx ST. LOTUS. SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS FOREST PARK MUSIC STAND,OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. “SCOTT’S EXTRA COATED” GUARANTEED HIGHEST QUALITY ROOFING TIN. Is made from the BEST SELECTED MATERIALS STRICTLY BY THE PALM OIL PROCESS and ABSOLUTELY WITHOUT THE USE OF ACID FLUX. Each sheet is SQUARED AND RESQUARED and is SEPARATELY DIPPED BY HAND and is allowed to soak and ABSORB the metal coating. Afterwards each sheet is AGAIN SEPARATELY REDIPPED BY HAND, carefully examined, and upon passing a RIGID INSPECTION is STAMPED WITH THE REGISTERED TRADE MARK. MANUFACTURED BY______ FOLLANSBEE BROTHERS CO. Successors to JAMES B. SCOTT & CO. The Officers of the New Company are 3^8, 330 and 33^ Second Ave., the Surviving Partners of the Old Firm. ^ PITTSBURGH, PA. KING’S WINDSOR Asbestos Cement■« Cement Dry Mortar. BOTH FOR PLASTERING WALLS AND CEILINGS. The former to be used with Sand. The latter (being already mixed with Sand) requires but the addition of Water. J. B. KING & GO., Sole Patentees and Manufacturers, 2F2^I STHTE ST., NEW YORK, IS. V. Our Cement Dry Mortar is prepared strictly in accordance with the three indispensable requisites for making the besf possible material for this purpose, viz: Suitable preparation of the materials; proper proportions of the ingredients; thorough and uniform mixing of the same. While in the usual way of making mortar neither of these requisites is or can be strictly or even approximately complied with. The practical testimony of the great merits and appreciation of our WINDSOR CEMENT is, that leading architects throughout the country have called for it on their best and most costly structures, while architects generally have specified it for all kinds and grades of buildings, expensive and inexpensive, as extra cost does not debar its use on even the humblest cottage. Mieeions of barrees oe it have BEEN used within the east three years. We improve this opportunity to tender our thanks to all patrons, and to invite all Architects everywhere to send for our complete treatise on the subject of “NEEDED IMPROVEMENT IN PLASTER FOR WALLS AND CEILINGS,” and also for our “PRHCTICHL EVIDENCE OF SUPERIORITY.” an octavo pamphlet of 36 pages, containing about Two Thousand oe The Buiedings on which our material has been used— the buildings being classified and indexed as follows: Office, Insurance and Bank Buildings, Theatres, Opera Houses, Halls, Etc., Hospitals, Asylums, Sanitariums, Etc., Hotels, Colleges, Seminaries, Libraries, Laboratories, Etc., Apartment Hotels, Apartment Houses and Elats, Public School Buildings, Business Buildings, Stores, Blocks, Etc., Churches and Rectories, Railroad Depots and Stations, Young Men’s and Young Women’s Christian Association and Mills, Factories, Breweries, Etc., Women’s Christian Temperance Union Buildings, Miscellaneous Buildings, Masonic Temples, Etc., Residences. Federal, State, County and Town Buildings.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. OI/IVK street, eooking west erom fourth street.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Andrews & Johnson Co., HOT BLAST MANUFACTURERS OF HEATING APPARATUS, BLOWERS, FANS, ..and HIGH-SPEED ENGINES. Rpirif and Lumber Dry-Kilns_ Plans and Estimates 250-254 south clinton street, SUBMITTED APPLICATION. ••••Chicago, Illinois. Standard Elevator wà Manufacturing Company 550 W. FIFTEENTH STREET CHICAÖO * NEW HIGH DUTY ELECTRIC ELEVATOR ENGINE Latest, -Simplest, Most Efficient, Mo.st Ecotxohxical De^igK oK the Market.........SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. D. F. HENRY, President. W. H. GRAHAM, Treasurer. W. D. HENRY, Secretary. PITTSB URGH PeRRA OoTTA L/UMBER Co., GENERAL OFFICES, CARNEGIE BUILDING, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, -* ^ *- -- EASTERN OFFICE: POSTAL TELE6RAPH BUILDING, NEW YORK. Fire Proofing WESTERN OFFICE: 5 PARKER BLOCK, INDIANAPOLIS, IND. POROUS TERRA COTTA or HARD TILE, Furnished and Constructed in all parts of the United States. f *f ’f MAGNESIA SECTIONAL COVERING FOR STEAM PIPES AND BOILERS. a THE GREAT COAL SAVER” ENDORSED BY ARCHITECTS GENERALLY. KEASBEY & MATTI SON CO. AMBLER, PA. ROBERT A. KEASBEY, 54 Warren St., HEW YORK.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INStlTUTE OF ARCHITECTS TOWER GROVE PARKOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ft 55 JNO. P. SEMMER, Pres. GEO. P. BROCK, Sec. PAUL I. CLARKE, Treas. Phillip Sbmmer Glass Company, ltd. POLISHED PLATE GLASS. 12 AND 14 DESBROSSES STREET, Mirrors, Skylight Glass, THROUGH TO 65 AND 67 WATTS STREET. Floor Glass, Sheet Glass, Ornamental Glass, New York. Beveling, Cathedral Glass. ------------------- TELEPHONE 605 FRANKLIN. Extra Targe Flates for Store Fronts. The Cutler Patent Mailing System, or U. S. MAIL CHUTE, PROVIDES the only method of furnishing office buildings, hotels and apartment houses with modern postal service. Architects should be familiar with the simple but somewhat exacting requirements which are a prerequisite to the installation of the system; and a statement of these, with detail drawings and specifications for preparatory work, estimates of cost, etc., is promptly sent, on request, by the Sole Makers, The Cutler Mfg. Company, Rochester, n. Y. PATENTED AND AUTHORIZED.MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN. (Shaw’s Garden.) SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. GUARANTEED BUILDING SPECIALTIES Cabot’s Sheathings Deafening “Quilt” A Cushion of Successive Dead-Air Spaces Samples and information upon application to Manufacturer or Agents. SAMUEL CABOT, WHITELAW BROS., Agents, Sole Manufacturer, 409 North Second St., ST. LOUIS. BOSTON, MASS. Cabot’s 0|#) Cabot’s j “Creosote” »f») Creosote 1 Shingle 1 “Bleaching 1 Stains i Oil” i The Original and 1 Bleaches Shingles a Standard Exterior ü Beautiful “Silver Ü Stains 1 Gray” i V. J. HEDDEN. S. S. HEDDEN. C. R. HEDDEN. E. O. HEDDEN. V. J. HEDDEN & SONS, BUILDERS, 143 Liberty Street, N. Y. Factory, Newark:, N. J. Office Building Contractors, Steamship Buildings, Bridge and Dock Builders, and Manufacturers and Constructors of Fine Cabinet Work. REFERENCES. OFFICE BUILDINGS.—N. Y. Produce Exchange; N. Y. Mercantile Exchange; N. Y. Tribune Building; N. Y. Times Building; Mail and Express Building; N. Y. Herald Building; Pierce Building; London, Liverpool and Globe Building; Mortimer Building; Havemeyer Building; Prudential, Newark, N. J.: Delmonico, N. Y.; “Life” Publishing Co.; American Surety Co. STEAMSHIP & R. R. BUILDINGS.—N. Y. Central R. R. Co.; N. Y. N. H. & Hartford R. R. Co.; Central R. R. of N. J., Terminus, etc.; Long Island R. R. Co.; Penn. R. R. Co.; N. Y. City & Northern R. R. Co.; Manhattan Elevated R. R. Co.; Baltimore & Ohio R. R. Co.; White Star Steamship Co.; Inman Steamship Co.; National Steamship Co.; Atlas Steamship Co.; Savannah Steamship Co.; Old Colony Steamship Co.; South Brooklyn Ferry Co.; Union Ferry Co., Pier A, North River; Mass. Cotton Mills, Rome, Ga. CLUB HOUSES, HOTELS, FACTORIES, ETC.—Metropolitan Club; Century Club; Deutscher Verein Club; Hamilton Club, Brooklyn; Plaza Hotel; N. Y. Hospital; Judson Memorial Church; N. J. State Insane Asylum; Essex County Insane Asylum, N. J.; Clark’s Mile End Thread Works; Nairn Linoleum Works, Newark, N. J.; U. S. Electric Light Works, Newark, N. J.; Union Edison Electric Light Works, Newark, N. J.; Fourth Avenue Horse Car Stables, N. Y.; Prescott Mills, Passaic, N. J. RESIDENCES. W. K. Vanderbilt, 5th Ave., N. Y., and Oakdale, L. I.; E. D. Morgan, Esqs, Wheatley, L. I.; Fredk. Bronson, Greenfield, Conn.; Wm. H. McCord, Greenwich, Conn.; W. J. Hutchinson, 59th St. and 5th Ave ; H. G. Marquand, N. Y.; D. Willis James, Madison, N. J.; E. C. Benedict, Greenwich, Conn. ARCHITECTS. R. M. Hunt, Geo. B. Post, Carrere & Hastings, August Namur, Peabody & Stearns, McKim, Mead & White, LeBrun & Sons, Thorp & Knowles, Babb, Cook & Willard, Clinton & Russell, Robt. Maynicke, Lockwood, Greene &Co.,Thos. R. Jackson, Lamb & Rich, James Brown Lord, Bruce Price, Wm. Schickel & Co., Albert Wagner.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ENTRANCE TO WASHINGTON TERRACE, ST. LOUIS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ■ a a It ■ f iV’%^ »T'-* ; -«*! * ■d-v - , ,/• «.«v^.-v.-.xv :Af*pM '■*$% t { l^^^£^AAPAS'A,f--ÌA- ft ■Pv: scntRAL ornerà works AAncrOTER ROAD.CMDUTIAU AVC AT1D AO- PAD- RY ■TCLCPnonr"76ar conTRAGTins orncc ahd SALEL5R00A5 719 CrOTnUT 5T- ■'TCLtpnonr'7i4'SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE EADS BRIDGE, ST. LOUIS. (I.ooking Toward East St. I.oins.)SOUVENIR AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. TP he Kolumbus ßrick and TT er ra=Cotta C°* COLUMBUS, OHIO, MANUFACTURERS OF Plain, Houlded and Ornamental PRESSED BRICK ... Standard and Roman Si 9 BUFF, GRAY and TERRA=COTTA COLORS. WORKS AT——— UNION FURNACE, OHIO. 0000-0-0000 L. G. KILBOURNE, A. B. COIT, ELLIS LOVEJOY, E. M., President and (Jen’I flanager, Sec’y and Treas, Superintendent,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MONUMENT ERECTED IN CALVARY CEMETERY TO THE MEMORY OF MRS. WINIFRED PATTERSON. THE FIGURE IS ADOPTED FROM DORE’S BIBLE ILLUSTRATION OF THE “WIDOW’S MITE.” Designed by J. H. McNamara, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ...ECONOMY... COMBINATION HEATERS té ' liiiflfi ....THE ORIGINAL AND BEST COMBINATIONS MADE. STEAM AND AIR 3 PATTERNS i|..... i's^U ■■RK ipa ■i 1 ■p ¡fill WATER AND AIR Thousands in Use. WE ALSO MAKE STEAM HEATERS, HOT WATER HEATERS AND A LARGE LINE OF Warm Air Furnaces. FOR CATALOGUES, ADDRESS^ J. F. Pease Furnace Co., SYRACUSE, N. Y., or 86 LAKE STREET, GHIGA60. "llr established isso. IBB“® m% . The Thatcher Furnace Co. 2*0 Water Street, NEW YORK, MANUFACTURERS OF THE . . ALSO THE .. Champion Steam and . . . ... Hot Water Heaters A HIGH GRADE OF GOODS. SPECIFIED BY ARCHITECTS AND EXTENSIVELY SOLD BY THE TRADE. ® ® ® ® ® ® ® ’® S6ND FOR CHTHLOGUe.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ST. LOUIS COURT HOUSE.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Do Not--------------------- - ^ ^ ^ ^ Make the .MISTAKE of using an inferior article Because it is CHEAP, When by specifying . . . . TRADE MARK You insure the BEST results in the interior wiring of buildings. ®®®®®®®®® For Safety, High Insulating Qualities, Durability and Toughness--------- OKONITE WIRE IS THE STANDARD. ®®®®®®®®® The Okonite Company, Limited, _______13 PARK ROW, NEW YORK CITY. CHARLES T. OlILliS, Ho. 156 Fifth Avenue, Hetu York City. 4- 4- 4- BUILDER, REFERENCES TO BUILDINGS: “ Palermo.” American Bank Note Building. Huyler’s Candy Factory. Gen. U. S. Grant’s House. S. E. corner 66th Street and Fifth Avenue, two houses. Five Houses, N. W. corner 75th Street and West End Avenue. “The Adelaide,” 66th Street and Fourth Avenue. Montauk Club House, Brooklyn. N. J. C. R. R. Co.’s Depot, Jersey City. N. f. C. R. R. Co.’s Building, Liberty and West Streets. Geo. F. Baker, Esq.’s House, 256 and 258 Madison Avenue. Stamford Presbyterian Church. Rutgers Riverside Presbyterian Church. The Judson Memorial Church and Buildings. “ Gorham.” Clark’s Mile End Thread Factory. C. P. N. & E. R. R. Car Stables. American Surety Building, Broadway and Pine Street. Astor Residence, Fifth Avenue and 65th Street. Eighteen Houses, 70th Street, for C. F. Hoffman. Killiaen Van Rensselaer’s House. Houses 303 to 317 West 82d Street. Morgan Hall, Williamstown, Mass. “The Yosemite,” 62d Street and Fourth Avenue. Apartment House, N. W. corner 75th Street and Ninth Avenue. Pierce Building, Franklin and Hudson Streets. “The Stagery,” for Elliot F. Shepard, Esq. All Angels’ Church, 81st Street and West End Avenue. St. Andrew’s Methodist Episcopal Church. The Brooklyn Tabernacle, Brooklyn. Mail and Express, Fulton Street and Broadway. Vanderbilt Building, 15 and 19 Beekman Street. Darling Building, 208 Fifth Avenue. American Fine Arts Building, West 57th Street. United Charities Building, 22d Street and Fourth Avenue. Scribner Building, 151, 153 and 155 Fifth Avenue. Macy Extension, 57 West 13th Street. Johnston Building, Broad Street and Exchange Place. Presbyterian Building, 20th Street and Fifth Avenue, and others. REFERENCES TO ARCHITECTS: E. H. Kendall. J. C. Cady & Co. F. D. Lindsey. James E. Ware. J. H. Duncan. Wm. Schickel & Co. Francis H. Kimball. H. J. Hardenbergh. McKim, Meade & White. Berg & Clark. Lamb & Rich. Ernest Flagg. Bruce Price. D. & J. Jardine. H. Rutgers Marshall. N. LeBrun & Son. R. H. Robertson. A. J. Manning. Peabody & Stearns. J. B. Snook & Son. H. F. Kilburn. Carrere & Hastings. Babb, Cook & Willard. Rowe & Baker. R. M. Hunt.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. NEW CITY HALL, ST. LOUISSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. PillUS BKOS.ra £0 ESTflBLISHE D 18 3j? 4 ©FPISE - 12 ®3 S. SI VINTI» STREET HICK©«! STRUTS MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF 5mwm^«wism 5TEEL,,CA5Tt WROUGHT IRON WORK FOR BUILDINGS FOUNTAINS STATUARY £ STAPLE, FITTINGS). ST- ¿9(/l §--^Jl&feQL/Rl •SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. DETAIL, ST. LOUIS CITY HALL. Geo. R. Mann, Architect. ,EC STERLING; PREST, J.-RCLARK, VICE PREST. HW ELIOT 5ECY51REA& T.PPLUHRIDGE, ASST SECY 6E0.F. BAKER, flSS'T TREflS \YN GRAVES, GEN’ESUPT CHICAC0 ■ ILLS, COLLINSVILLE •• FINDLAY-- 0-KANSAscnVno-MINNEAPOLIS-OMAHA- NEB PHILADELPHIA-ROC-H ESTER-N-Y TOLEDO 0-WESTSUPERIOR: WASHINGTON-DO SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. DETAIL; ST. LOUIS CITY HALL. G*o. R. Mann, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OR ARCHITECTS. The Parker-Russell Mining & Manufacturing Go. SX. LOUIS, MISSOURI. CEILING TILES, HOLLOW TILE FLOOR ARCH, GIRDER COVERING, ROOF TILES, PARTITION BLOCKS, WALL COPING, COLUMN COVERING. SOME OF THE Buildings Fire-Proofed BY This Company. Board of Education Building, Union Trust Building, Security Building, Rialto Building, Globe-Democrat Building, Daclede Building, Houser Building, De Menil Building, ....St. Douis.... State Capitol, Jefferson City. Bexar County Court House, San Antonio, Texas. Gonzales County Court House, Gonzales, Texas. Goldie Building, Chicago, 111. Security Mortgage and Trust Building, Dallas, Texas. U. S. Post Office and C. H., Winona, Minnesota. ....And many others....SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. UNION TRUST COMPANY. Adler, Sullivan & Ramsey, Architects,; th® t he 'W^ziiy& h.^:.^&de uvthe v}t.of the '¿arious lAetdU -’ .^ilnijhet a$. a|ptled to B^l‘derj Harduiarc \se liter you to the^ \ iiLpyfi^large BiaUinojt l.BipdiKabated in. ^W^'B'k ! $.Vhqi/$ BMftfeii> A uipi&H In jtyflgl V Cotu^su^ ;M«of?i^ByiLp!^nLiHii] Copf?!iini%^5 M^QUETitBid Jo.Up s|$R55. Wj hawalic mrniskdncaiU1 £AifUthe laree Gtikc ouildiiy 3.;. ^,>W^-i,.Itfahiav pejjetsj,thp ■ ■■■ Si wwMB ..si ^¿.nAsomibt »riii.it ■'JSttg *75^ *> r ~ / , , VB .. \‘ >-*• vo^ /^rj) m S-tC) , '' ^0— ~'vt ASJvpiS^t.-f'S^h XS Hi '«* ilS§l®ui 5)S* We claim to have done more for the advancement of ART in BUILDERS’ HARDWARE than any other concern, and offer as proof the above STATEMENT of the distinct advances made by us. ORR AND LOCKETT HARDWARE CO., •:• •:• CHICAGO, ILL. ICKEL MARBLE AND GRANITE GO nflnUFACTURERS OF mm RADIATOR ATID PLUTBER TOPS- IflTERIOR rWRHJ-WDRK*-Ì1ARBLE nUSAIC- 1 nmELs-TiLiriG' nonunEnTS- HEADSTOrO’ MARBLEiZED SLATE AND WOOD HAimS-GRATES ATID OPED TIRE PLACES ■ Main Orricc & \Jom& 1901-1907 North Broadway -Branch W°rkS 7015-2027 Gratiot street- outs No HAAS ateo- SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS WAINWRIGHT BUILDING. Adler, Sullivan & Ramsey, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. IKeuffel &IEsser Co ‘Copyright, 1887, by Kueffel & Esser.’ New York, 127 Fulton Street. St. Louis, 708 Locust Street. Chicago, III Madison Street. New York, 127 Fulton Street. St. Louis, 708 Locust Street. Chicago, III Madison Street. MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF = DRAWING MATERIALS == Mathematical and Surveying Instruments, St. Louis Branch, 708 Locust Street. CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION. Hopmann Cornice Company MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF—r-—— SHEET METAL WORK Complete House Fronts a Specialty Pliiityu"|^n ppnM npifi 2571-2573 Benton Street, 2500-2502 N. Jefferson Avenue, Telephone 3412. ST. LOUIS, MO.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MERCANTILE CLUB. Isaac S. Taylor, Architect,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ®000000000® Steam Capacities, . . . 175 to 3,000 Square Feet. @>000-0-0-00-0-0-00-0(•) Richmond Heaters STEAM AND HOT WATER Heating of Homes a Specialty. 000000® FA CTVRMJD BY=^ - RICHMOND STOVE COMPANY, ... __________NORWICH, CONN. *Jn the designing and construction of Richmond Heaters special consideration has been given to their uttermost requirements in use, to-wit:. . . . SAFETY, SIMPLICITY, j| •' •* MPFICIENCY, DURABILITY. . . . SEIZING AGENCIES . .. Isaac Coffin & Co., . . No. 52 Sudbury Street, Boston. A. A. Cryrr & Co., . . No. 85 Centre Street, New York. W. F. Higgins & Co., No. 379 Lexington Ave., New York. Duggan & Dotjgeass, . . No. 207 Lake Street, Chicago. Allan Peace,..............St. Paul. the H. B. SMITH COMPANY MANUFACTURERS OF APPARATUS FOR WARMING by STEAM or WATER New York Providence Philadelphia FOUNDRY AT WESTFIELD, MASS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS SECURITY BUILDING. Peabody, Stearns & Furber, architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. tructural Iron ... must be protected Harrison’s Anti=Rust will do it on the market can E XPERIMENTS under the most severe climatic conditions, not excepting sulphur fumes, have proved its usefulness and our confidence in it as a metal preservative. A book on preservative iron painting for the asking. Correspondence solicited on white lead, colors and all kinds of paints. Harrison Brothers & Company, Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, New Orleans. Stephens & Company, MANUFACTURERS OF ARCHITECTURAL TERRA COTTA and. SPECIAL BRICK ....OFFICE 1341 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. ....works 46th Street and Qirard Ave., WEST PHILADELPHIA.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. EDWARD MARTIN BUILDING, ST. LOUIS, MO. Geo. R. Mann, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS store; building, ninth street and Washington avenue, st. louis. A. F. Rosenheim, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Hotel Waldorf. F,u!¡.\ - uir u«:> n v-Hotel Savoy, nrm \ Hotel San Remo, . Hofei Endicott. ¡-Sherman Square Hotel, The " Nevada,” n, The “ Monterey,” Hotel Grenoble, oatí¡ A-., x The ” Amidon,’ i.„ 50 Pud.TMll li,.*kÜT, McIntyre Building, i Western Union Building, it Jewish Svnaaoque, unit a &f7~&91 Illinois ¿1 Chicago kmgm* Ht & •é'FcfcAMP)' Ecclesiastical Art Workers, 59 CARMINE STREET, NEW YORK., Invite the attention of Architects to the large and increasing amount of Decorative Figure Work that the firm have been and now are executing to order for members of the Profession in all parts of the United States. FIGURE DESIGNS In rich color FOR STAINED GLASS WINDOWS, FOR ENAMEL MOSAIC WALL PANELS, FOR MURAL PAINTING, ETC. Original designs submitted upon request, embodying the suggestions of the Architect. CORRESPONDENCE INVITED. FIGURE SCULPTURE IN MARBLE OR BRONZE FOR INTERIOR OR EXTERIOR WORK.ASYLUM ST. VINCENT INSTITUTION, ST. LOUIS, MO. Geo. R, Mann, Architect. • V KA- ' -, **' , ; i.,.% r -h V > p-; ; ' < , >t IK:, 1'v \ ■*, .v:h ***.'■': : v ' "--V? , *“'* CO 0 C < m 2 53. > s m 70 a > 2 2 CO H H C H m O Tl > 70 n x H m n H coHa,h '' {/n Rouifi m ■;' ^ * _5 /Wimrl^tit ¡¡!ii< awwirm cehent work. Concrete Foundations. f Tile and Asphalt Roofs. Granitoid Combination Curb and Gutter, and Side Walks. SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.WAREHOUSE No, 5 FOR SAM’E CUPPEES REAE ESTATE CO., NINTH AND SPRUCE STREETS, ST. EOUIS. Eames & Young, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Don’t Monkey with Cheap John Goods... All Wide=Awake Architects f^ify g°ods°f,a rf,iab,e qua,tty , —-----------------------that can be obtained at a moderate price._ J It is a great waste of money ^ to use cheap Building 2$ Papers that are not 3 weather-proof, as, when TI once used, they can only be replaced at a great 3 loss of time and money. FOR DEADENING SOUND Sawyer’s Asphalt=center Deadening Pelt (water and vermin-preof) Cost, 70c to $1.25 per 100 square feet FOR LINING UNDER SLATE Sawyer’s Carbolized Slating Felt (indestructible) Cost, 35c per 100 square feet FOR SHEATHING H0USE5 Sawyer’s Asphalt=center Building Paper (water and vermin-proof) Cost, 30c to 40c per 100 square feet FOR INSULATING ICE HOUSES, ETC. Sawyer’s Polar Brand Insulating Paper (abso,"^,eyr^,e)5Sand Cost, 25c to 55c per 100 square feet Are used by the leading Architects throughout the country. Samples, special circulars, etc., furnished free on application. COAL-TAR, ASPHALT AND ASBESTOS PRODUCTS, INSULATING MATERIALS... Manufacturers, Importers and Wholesale Dealers BUILDING PAPERS, ROOFING MATERIALS, PAINTS AND MINERAL WOOL. Office and Salesrooms.... SOUTHWEST COR. THIRD and LOCUST STS,, —St. Louis WILLIAM M. ANDERSON. ANDRBW ANDERSON. ....ANDERSON BROS.... Building Contractors ksv X AAAWVWVsVWW* Contractors For the Planters' Hotel, Granite Block, Chamber of Commerce, ,XSX\X\X\X\X\X\XXX\X\X\X\X' * •tr V\X\X\X\X\X\X\X\X\XXX\XVX' Laclede Building and many Large Buildings Throughout the Country VvX\X\X\X\X\X\X\X\X\X\XNX> * Office : Chamber or Commerce Bldg, THIRD and PINE STS. —St. Louis, Mo.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS DESIGN FOR THE WAINWRIGHT- TOMB, BELEEFONTAINE CEMETERY. Adler, Sullivan & Raivcsey, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. General Electric Company. ... complete ... ELECTRICAL® EQUIPMENTS • • • KOR • • • MODERN OFFICE BUILDINGS, HOTELS, THEATRES, HOSPITALS, ETC. INCANDESCENT LAMPS. ® ® WIRES ESPECIALLY MADE FOR USE IN BUILDINGS. ® ® SWITCHBOARDS AND ACCESSORIES. ® ® MOTORS. ELECTRIC DYNAMO AND ENGINE FOR BUILDING PLANT. THE PLANTERS’ HOTEL in ST. SLSLSLSUUUUISISLSLSLSULSLS^ MINIATURE AND DECORATIVE LAMPS ® ® ARC LAMPS FOR INDOOR USE. ® ® SAFETY APPLIANCES FOR HOUSE WIRING. ® ® MOTORS. "tWWW’bWsWbtStF louis, mo. 'throughout' with ELECTRICAL APPARATUS °F °"R Visitors to the Convention Should Not Fail to Examine the Electrical Equipment of this Hotel. OUR APPARATUS IS EXCLUSIVELY USED IN THE FOLLOWING BUILDINGS: NEW YORK, N. Y. no. or lights Metropolitan Opera House-------- 9,000 Produce Exchange..... 8,000 New York Life Insurance Company—- 7,850 New Netherlands Hotel ---------- 7,755 Hotel Waldorf_____________-.......6,500 Hotel Majestic------------------- 6,500 Carnegie Music Hall-------------- 5,760 Hotel Savoy____________ —.........5,000 Manhattan Life Insurance Company — 5,000 Madison Square Garden-------------4,300 Hoffman House---------------------3,960 Grand Central Depot------------ --- 3,595 Metropolitan Museum of Art-.......3,240 American Theatre----- —...........3,225 American Tract Society Building---3,150 Abbey’s Theatre............... 2,430 «T WRITE ST. LOUIS, MO . NO. OF LIGHTS Planters’ Hotel_________________- 6,375 Anheuser-Busch ________________ 2,895 Globe-Democrat___________________ 2,605 Music Hall-------------------- — 2,060 Grand Opera House.......—-.......1,620 Southern Hotel................ — l ,500 CHICAGO, ILL. AiÉtftorìum------ ---------------13,215 Malohic Temple ---------------- 8,640 City Hall-— ___________________ 3,770 Dakota Building--------------- . ~ 3,230 Daily News_______________________2,690 McVicker’s Theatre .. __________ 2,360 Stock Exchange--------------------5,400 Union League.................. - 2,430 And in thousands of others. FOR ESTIMATES TO NEAREST SALES PHILADELPHIA, PA Bourse--------------------- Drexel Building------------ Empire Theat re------------ Warden Apartment House ---- Drexel Institute----------- Continental Hotel---------- Gladstone Apartment - - --- Mutual Life--------------- Ledger Building------------ Hotel Halpin--------— — Bullitt Building___________ Bingham House ------------- Bijou Theatre.—..........— BOSTON, MASS. Keith’s Theatre—----------- Bijou Theatre______________ Massachusetts State House — NO. OF LIGHTS ---------4,800 ---------3,600 — ------3,510 .........3.200 — ......2.980 -------2,700 ---------2,400 ---------2,394 —. 2,160 ________ 1,620 ________1,620 ----------1,500 ________ 1,500 5.400 5.400 4,500 OFFICE. MAIN OFFICE: SCHENECTADY, N. Y. ST. LOUIS, MO., Wainwright Building. BOSTON, MASS., 180 Summer Street. ^ NEW YORK, N. Y., 44 Broad Street, | SYRACUSE, N. Y., Sedgwick,Andrews & Kennedy Bldg. I BUFFALO, N. Y., Erie County Savings Bank Bldg. | PHILADELPHIA, PA., 509 Arch Street. I BALTIMORE, MD., 227 East German Street. f PITTSBURG, PA., Times Building. ATLANTA, GA.. Equitable Building. CINCINNATI, OHIO, 420 West Fourth Street. COLUMBUS, OHIO, 14 North High Street. J SHLES OFFICES ( NASHVILLE, TENN., 308 North Summer Street. CHICAGO, ILL., Monadnock Building. DETROIT, MICH., 13 Rowland Street. OMAHA, NEB., 309 South Thirteenth Street. J KANSAS CITY, MO., New York Life Building. 1 DALLAS, TEXAS, Corner Elm and Griffin Streets. I DENVER, COLO., 505 Sixteenth Street. I SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., 15 First Street. PORTLAND, ORE., Worcester Building. For all business outside the United States and Canada : Foreign Department, Schenectady, N. Y., and 44 Broad Street, New' York. For Canada, address Canadian General Electric Company, Ltd., Toronto, Canada.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. PLANTERS HOTEL, ST. LOUIS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. NORCROSS BROS., BUILDERS. NEW YORK. Mohawk Building, 160 Fifth Ave. WORCESTER. 10 East Worcester Street. BOSTON, MASS. 79 Huntington Ave. REFERENCES Hampden County Court House, Springfield, Mass. Winn L brary, Woburn, Mass. Ames Library, North Easton, Mass. Crane Memorial Library, Quincy, Mass. Albany City Hall, Albany, N. Y. Allegheny County Court House and Jail, Pittsburg, Pa. Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce. Howard Memorial Library, New Orleans. Malden Library. Union R. R. Station, Hartford, Conn. B. & A. R. R. Station, Springfield, Mass. Stone R. R. Bridge, Springfield, Mass. Stations for N. Y. C. & H. R.R. R. Co. at Irvington, Riverdale and Dobbs Ferry, N. Y. Exchange Building, Boston. Ames Building, Boston. Ames Lincoln Street Building, Boston. New London, Conn., New London Public Library. Springfield, O., Warder Public Library. Union League Club House, New York City. Boston Art Club House. Algonquin Club House, Boston. Residence of Annie W. Sherman, Newport. Boston, Residence of Oliver Ames. Boston, Residence of C. A. Whittier. Residence of Grange Sard, Jr., Albany. Block of Union Theological Seminary, New York. Brownlow Hall, Wellesley, Mass. Agassiz Laboratory, Harvard College. Residence of B. H. Warder, Washington, D. C. Great Barrington, ‘‘Kellogg Terrace.” Boston, John F. Andrew’s Residence. C. C. Converse, Boston, Mass., Residence. Residence of John E. Thayer, South Lancaster. Residence r f J. J. Glessner, Chicago. Dedham, Mass., Residence of A. W. Nickerson. Springfield, O., Residence of A. S. Bushnell. Cambridge, Mass., Residence of Edwin H. Abbott. Worcester High School. Latin High School, Boston. Harvard College Gymnasium. Harvard College Law School. Harvard College, Sever Hall. REFERENCES Ames Memorial Monument, Sherman, Wyoming. Bagley Fountain, Detroit, Michigan. Adams Monument, Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington, D. C. Battle Monument, West Point, N. Y. Shaw Monument, Boston, Mass. > BUILDINGS. Harvard College, Perkins Hall. Harvard College, Conant Hall. Harvard College, Fogg Art Museum. Union Theological Seminary, New York City. Vermont University, Burlington, Vt. Lawrenceville School, New Jersey. Durfee High School, Fall River, Mass. Crouse Memorial College, Syracuse, N. Y. Osborn Memorial Hall, Yale College. New London, Conn., Williams Memorial Institute. Crompton’s Block, Worcester. Cheney Block, Hartford, Conn. Ames Warehouse, Boston. Turner Building, St. Louis, Mo. Marshall Field Building, Chicago. New York Life Insurance Building, Omaha. New York Life Insurance Building, Kansas City. Burnside Building, Worcester. Lionberger Building, St. Louis, Mo. Youth’s Companion Building, Boston. Bloomingdale Insane Asylum, White Plains, N. Y. Holy Trinity Church, New York City. St. John’s Episcopal Church, New York City. First Universalist Church, Worcester South Congregational Church, Springfield, Mass. Trinity Church, Boston. Trinity Church (addition), Boston. Norwich Congregational Church. All Saints’ Church, Worcester. Trinity Church Parsonage, Boston. Grace Church, New Bedford, Mass. Presbyterian Church, Albany, N. Y. First Spiritual Temple, Boston. St. James Episcopal Church, New York City. Newton Baptist Church, Newton, Mass. College for Teachers, New York City. Bank Building for Norwich Savings Society, Norwich, Conn. Hartford Society for Savings Building, Hartford, Conn. Industrial Building, Providence, R. I. Telephone Building, Providence, R. I. Dormitory Building at Princeton College. Commencement Hall at Princeton College. Equitable Building, Baltimore. MEMORIALS. Nathan Hale Memorial, City Hall Park, N. Y. Nathan Hale Fountain, Huntington, L. I. Osborn Mausoleum, Woodlawn, N. Y. Garfield Memorial, Fairmount Park, Philadelphia. McKim, Mead & White, New York. William A. Potter, New York. R. H. Robertson, New York. Bruce Price, New York. R. W. Gibson, New York. Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, Boston. Peabody & Stearns, Boston. Winslow & Wetherell, Boston. Chas. Brigham, Boston. REFERENCES TO ARCHITECTS. Hartwell & Richardson, Boston. Henry Ives Cobb, Chicago. Van Brunt & Howe, Kansas City. Jos. Evans Sperry, Baltimore. Archimedes Russell, Syracuse. Stone, Carpenter & Willson, Providence. Fuller & Delano, Worcester. Earle & Fisher, Worcester.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUÌE OF ARCHITECTSSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Tapestry paintings________________________.——_ Two Thousand Tapestry Paintings to choose from; thirty-eight Artists employed, including gold medalists of the Paris Salon. Send for Circular. DECORATIONS .... Write for color schemes, designs, estimates. Artists sent to all parts of the world to do every sort of decorating and painting. We are educating the country in color harmony. Relief, wall paper, stained glass, carpets, furniture, window shades, draperies, etc. Pupils taught decoration. Send for Circular. Tapestry Haterials.... We manufacture Tapestry Materials. Superior to foreign goods and half the price. Book of 35 samples, 10 cents. Send for Circular. ART SCHOOL______________ Six 3-hour tapestry painting lessons, in studio, $5.00. Complete printed instructions sent by mail on receipt of $1.00. Tapestry paintings rented; full-size drawings, paints, brushes, etc., supplied. Nowhere, Paris not excepted, are such advantages offered pupils. Send for Circular. Hanual of Art Decoration. jtfj A treatise on interior decoration. Illustrated colored interiors. 200 pages. Price, $2.00, postage prepaid. Tapestry Painting. ^ PÏ&SÔNEB WAB, By J. F. Douthitt. . . . GODDESS OF ATVATABAR . . . A journey to the interior world. 318 pages; 45 illustrations. Price, $2.00, postage prepaid. J. F. Douthitt, American Tapestry and Decorative Co. 286 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK. Special Prices on Tapestry Paintings and all sorts of Decoration to Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS SEE OPPOSITE PAGE.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Cornice Horticultural Hall, Philadelphia.—Frank Miles, Day & Bro., Architects. Conkling-Armstrong Terra Cotta Company, Estimates MANUFACTURERS OF Arc hi tect ural Terra Cotta Special Brick ...Etc. in All C°lors. Furnished Promptly on Application. WORKS*. Wissahickon Avenue and Juniata Street, PHILADELPHIA. OFFICE: Builders’ Exchange, PHILADELPHIA.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. SEE OPPOSITE PAGE.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Burnham Co. horticultural Architects and Builders STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING ENGINEERS (f LARGEST ^ U BUILDERS i-op... « ® GREEN HOUSE STRUCTURES %} & 3S3^^ § UNEQUALED ^ $ FACILITIES 0 » FOR• B Jr \ MANUFACTURING A V 'V . - y ' ^ - "» \V * V»- ^ \ " V r” " V \ ,* ifCONSTRUCTION $ EMBRACES % ® THE LATEST ffj ^ IMPROVEMENTS^ % e SIX HIGHEST AWARDS AT THE WORLDS % FAIR. »0<3C plans and estimates furnished dn application. SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. freer? bouses. Rose houses, forcing bouses, conservatories _____Aquatic and Palm bouses. Vineries, Peach houses, Vegetable houses. Etc., erected complete ir? any part of the Country, or the Material for their construction only, furnished if preferreds I k, I s Il Ì WBBi _______________1 I..CEST CONSeRVATOHV1~®^Èk>S:'vc^._ “PHIPPS CONSERVATOBV”SH£TNLEV PARK, PITTSBURGH. PA. ............, Di fivNlQ AND ERECTED BY US. Lord a Burnham Co. Architectural Office. 160 Fifth five., cor 21?? Street. New York. factory: IRVINGTOIN-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORKSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. SEE OPPOSITE PAGE.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. M. SALOMON, President. INCORPORATED. Chicago Architectural Iron Works, ____LIGHT CASTINGS ... . DESIGNERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF Plain and Ornamental Cast and (drought Iron, Bronze and Brass (dork, Eleotro-Plating, Borner Barf fed and Galvano Plastic Work. .... Designs and Estimates Furnished .... Telephone West 378. Works: OAKLEY AVENUE AND KlNZIE STREET. Granite Mineral Wool... UNDER U. S PATENT, GRANTED MAY 1ST, 1892. MINERAL WOOL MADE FROM GRANITE ROCK. CIRCULARS AND SAMPLES MAILED FREE. WRITE FOR ESTIMATES. works: Koeln Avenue AND Oak Hill R. R., Carondelet, mo. Granite rock wool rido and Boner Goverinos f GRANITE ROCK WOOL, the only absolutely pure mineral wool made. Guaranteed free from sulphur, iron, acid, injurious chemicals and non-corrosive; besides 20% lighter in weight than the iron slag product. THE GRANITE MINERAL WOOL GO., 819,821 and 823 South Third Street, ST. LOUIS. MO. Grant marble Go. CONTRACTORS for ARTISTIC IWARBLiE WORK for PUBLIC op PRIVATE BUIUDIHGS.... 'E+'t 47 to SÔ Fourth Street. Milwaukee, Hlis. WG, «II com imi ci rami products CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED $. f IB B CHICAGO CLEVELAND PITTSBURG KANSAS CITY ST. LOUIS LOUISVILLE CINCINNATI MINNEAPOLISSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS NEW JEWISH TEMPLE, ST. LOUIS. A, P. Rosenheim, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE, <*** WESTERN ^ WALNUT ST- BRASS' WALNUT ST St-Louis yvi’T^’r^ r| pEOOH EIGHTS, SKY EIGHTS hhd coflE hoee COVERS... 389-391 Twenty-Third St, CHICAGO, II1I1. Jg@“SEflD FOR CATRIiOGUE. Ìh^ÌiI STHEU DOORS, CONCRETE EIGHT PllATRORM, RISERS AJ4D SllxU PEATES.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MAIN ENTRANCE COLUMBIAN CLUB, ST. LOUIS. A. P. Rosenheim, Architect.'ìZSmmì SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. AND WINKLER pAMTOTIC (CABINET W(Q)RE ©PPE€B‘BANfr BAM a BETJ© PIXTOMra OFFICE. & FACTORY 86l Roofing 60. No. 611 S. Morgan St., CHICAGO, ILL., and NILES, OHIO. S3 j fa gg h ?s x; JBBBBMHBBgBBBgMMBHBBBBBMHBMHBHHHf 1^- ■ WÄ5 /\y» «3 Sr. vl jifeOSJ3BiiB»M jg • vW MANUFACTURERS OF ** Patent Standing Seam Steel Roofing, V Crimped Steel Roofing, Beaded Siding and Ceiling, all gauges, weights and sizes of Corrugated Iron and Steel Roofing, Siding and Ceiling..................................... ...We Make a Specialty of.... Gorniaated Gurvefl Arches FOR . Fire-proof Flooring, Sidewalks, Awnings, . . . Train-Sheds, Etc., Etc. . . .SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ST. NICHOLAS HOTEL. Adler, Sullivan & Ramsey, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. H ARMONIOUS COLORS .For inside and outside decoration can be produced by using.......... STRICTLY PURE WHITE LEAD NATIONAL LEAD COMPANY’S WHITE LEAD TINTING COLORS .Do not forget to mention the Brand in specifying White Lead. ii COLLIER,” u SOUTHERN, yi AND “RED SEAL” brands Are guaranteed to be absolutely pure, and genuine, “OLD DUTCH PROCESS” WHITE LEAD. National Lead Company, Corroders and Manufacturers ST. LOUIS BRANCH.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ELEVATION OF BUILDING FOR LINCOLN TRUST CO., ST. LOUIS. Eames & Young, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS, OSTRO IT, tötCH, MANUFACTURERS OF ARCHITECTURAL IRON WORK. I H.BrooksêCo.çu^S^’O' ¡ í&Sidewalk Lights. OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Send^Catalogue. IRON STAIRS. FUEL GAS PRODUCERS. The Shirk Refrigerator Company Manufacturers of . . . cork Builders of . . . HloD-GPade Gold Storage Houses Refrigerators ' and Cooling Rooms FOR La‘% HI CW OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. Families, Hotels, MAIN OFFICE — Restaurants and DRY' /ÛE.^ A| R 273 Wabash Avenue, Apartment Houses. CHICAGO BRANCHES 30 WARREN ST., NE Af YORK; 905 MARKET ST. PHILADELPHIA. 104-106 Franklin Street, CHICAGO FACTORY ! KlNZIE AND DlLLER STREETS.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. TOWER GROUP FROM WEST BALCONY UNION STATION, ST. LOUIS. Theo. C. IyiNK, architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Robert Vierling, President. Louis Vierling, See'y and Treas. Alfred Gros smith, Supt. Vierling,McDowell & Co. Manufacturers of -^Architectural Iron- General Foundry, Stair Beam Work Office and Works : 23d St. and Stewart Ave. Chicago WM. P. WILLIAMS, Pres’t and Treas. 8AM*L W. ALLERTON, Vice-Pres’t. W. C. BOWMAN, Sec'y. H. C. LE/CHSENRIN6, Supt. - MANUFACTURERS OF • MOSAIC me FLOORS BEAUTIFUL, DURABLE AND INEXPENSIVE. Victoria Hotel, Chicago. Marquette Building, Chicago. Old Colony Building, Chicago. Notre Dame Cathedral, Chicago. Centennial Baptist Church, Chicago. Union Station, S't. Louis, Hibernian Bank, Chicago. City Hall, Paterson, N. J. « ^SORGLIOLH^ FOR INTERIOR FINISH, WAINSCOTING, COLUMNS, CEILINGS, ETC. Old Colony Building, Chicago. Real Estate, Title, Insurance and Champlain Building, Chicago. Trust Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Stock Exchange, Chicago. Planters’ Hotel, St. Louis. Auditorium, Chicago. New Union Station, St. Louis. Hoffman House, New York. City Hall, Paterson, N. J. Lafayette Hotel, Philadelphia. New City Hall, Milwaukee. Office and Factory: Flournoy and Rockwell Streets, CHICAGO. M. J GAS and ELECTRIC FIXTURES TELEPHONE MAIN, No. 2002. ■ MOST APPROVED METHODS- Plumbing, House-Drainage, NATURAL GAS FITTING, FTC. Fine Plumbing Goods and Sanitary Specialties. 78 DEARBORN STREET ^ ---CHICAGO TUI j. W. REEDY ELEVATOR MFG. CO. -- fltHflUpHCTUfrHfrS OP -- HIGH GRADE PASSENGER flflD FREIGHT... ^iS_E li E V ATORS_S¿- ELECTRIC, HYDRAULIC, STEAJU AflD HAflD POWER CUORRS HRO OFFICE . . . 83 TO 91 miilfiOIS STREET CHICAGOOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MARKET STREET PORTE COCHERE, ONION STATION, ST. LOUIS. Thko. C. Link. Architect,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. If you specify. . . Samson Spot Cord You can tell at a glance That no other is substituted. Samson Spot Cord ....WRNUFRGTURED BV . . . . Samson — Spot Cord- Is warranted to be Free from waste stock And imperfections of Braid. S7S7VSSOrq CORDAGE WORKS, BOSTON, MASS. BENT GLASS For Modern Store Fronts, Show Cases, China Closets, Fancy Furniture, Ftc., Fte. HNY SHKPE HMD SIZE. ^UR GLASS is equal to the imported. As evidence of the appreciation of our BENT GLASS we name a few of the new buildings in which it has already been placed:__________________ ______ OMce, 107 North Eighth Street. Works, Twenty-Second and Papin Sts. f Chicago.........Chicago Public Library, Marquette Building, Old Colony Building, State Safety Building. Pittsburg. . . Pittsburg City Horae and Hospital. Buffalo. . . . Mooney Building, C Rumsey Building. Toronto, Ont. Grand Trunk R’y Station. Kansas City . Court House. Saint Louis . Union Station Building, Terminal Hotel, Planters’ Hotel, Rialto Building, Republic Uptown Office, Merchants’ Exchange. ORIEL GLASS COMPANY ST. LOUIS, MO. ..1>KEY iV KAHN.. Polished Plate and Window Glass Mirror Plates, Etc. S. W. Cor. Eleventh and St. Charles Sts. ....ST, LOUIS, MO. The RIDER or ERICSSON HOT /HR PUHPS WILL DELIVER WATER TO THE UPPER FLOORS OF FLAT BUILDINGS AT LESS EXPENSE IN FUEL THAN ANY POWER PUMP MADE. .... ABSOLUTELY SAFE AND NOISELESS, t t * FUEL: QdS, C2AL, W22D, KERSSENE SH2 QA50LINE. ■ - " —— -- Cor Country Residences, Stock Farms and Irrigation, more desirable * than Windmills. Indorsed by the Reading Architects of the THE RIDER. UNITED STATES. Is a Record of Twenty Years sufficient guarantee? Write lor Catalogue No. 75. RIDER ENGINE COMPANY 37 Dey Street. NEW YORK 8© Lake Street. CHICAGO THE ERICSSON.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ST. LOUIS UNION STATION, PRIVATE DINING ROOM, Theo. C. I^ine, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Established 1840. Jackson Architectural Iron Works. Office; 315 East 28th Street, Shops East 28th and 29th Streels, East 30th and 31st Streets, NEW YORK CITY, Entrance to Buckingham Hotel. R. W. GIBSON, ARCHITECT. IRON WORK EXECUTED BY JACKSON ARCH. IRON WORKS. IRON WORK FOR BUILDINGS AND BRIDGES, FINE BRONZE AND BRASS CASTINGS. Grand Stairway. Metropolitan Life Ins. Co.. N. LE BRUN * SONS, ARCH’TS. IRON * BRONZE WORK BY JACKSON ARCH. IRON WORKS. WROUGHT IRON AND BRONZE GRILLES, ELEVATOR ENCLOSURES, BANK SCREENS, RAILINGS, ETC., BRONZE TABLETS, MEMORIALS, GATEWAYS, ETC. Complete Line of STABLE FITTINGS. Interior New Netherlands Hotel. W. H. HUME, ARCH'T. BRONZE WORK BY JACKSON ARCH. IRON WORKS.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS FIREPLACE IN LADIES’ WAITING-ROOM, UNION STATION, ST. LOUIS. Theo. C. JUNK, Architect,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Grinnel & Neracher Sprinklers Wet and Dry System. ~T 3obn /Iftoote, department agent. 4r 4r 4*' 4r St. Louis Department General Fire Extinguisher Co. Hydraulic Press Brick colors Enameled Brick English size Roofing Tile un glazed Fire Proofing and Coping Mortar Colors shades Sf Illinois Supply and Construction Co. 806 Rialto Building. Telephone ^ . ^ ^t. Louis, Mo. ...J. SHEEHAN... PLUMBING, SEWERING GAS FITTING, 1017 WASHINGTON AVE., ST. LOUIS, MO. • • • • '^ elepbone 986. Sanitary PlumDlng a Specialtu. F. WEBER & CO., Manufacturers and Importers .... of ... . Artists’ Materials, Draughtsmen’s and Engineers’ Supplies. Blue Print Papers, Roll Drawing Papers, Sheet Drawing Papers, * Tracing doth, Tracing Papers, Triangles and T Squares, Etc. Sole Agents for Metier's Round System Drawing Instruments MAIN office: Philadelphia, Penn. BRANCH HOUSE: Baltimore, Md. 918 Olive Street, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS GOTHIC CORRIDOR, UNION STATION, ST. LOUIS. Théo. C Link, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The GRANITOID Paving around Union Station and the ILLUMINATING MOSAIC at Terminal Hotel was laid by us. ESTABLISHED 1878. P. M. Bruner Granitoid Company, INVENTORS OF “ GRANITOID 99 and Owners of the TRADE-MARK. General Office: Turner Building. FIRE PROOFING. GRANITOID ILLUMINATED TILE. MOSAIC WORK. Hollow Tile and Concrete Sidewalks, Curb and Gutter, Drive- Bruner’s Patent Sidewalk Finest Designs in Marble Construction........ ways, Cellar and Stable Floors. . . Lights............. Mosaic.................... H uTTio „Sash and Poor Company, nriANUFACTURERS and DEALERS IN .....CDiiaIa GÜOHK.—. »g — EVERY DESCRIPTION. yjE SELL TO DEALERS EXCLUSIVELY OUTSIDE OF THE CITY OF ST. LOUIS AND TO CONTRACTORS 4» AND BUILDERS IN THE CITY. . ............. • • Call or Write for.... ESTIMATES and PRICES. 3900 Chouteau Avenue, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS the grand hall, union STATION, ST. LOUIS. Looking Bast. Theo. e. I.ink, architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. H. P ROB ST, President and Treasurer. BARXEY LIOHTEK, Vice-President. PAUL F. P. MUELLER, Secretary. F. W. SCHULTE, Auditor. PROBST CONSTRUCTION CO. GENERAL.... CONTRACTORS SCHILLER BUILDING MOHAWK BUILDING 103-109 E. RANDOLPH ST. 160 FIFTH AVENUE CHICAGO. NEW YORK. PROMINENT BUILDINGS COMPLETED AND IN COURSE OP ERECTION: SCHILLER BUILDING, Chicago, $840,000.00. ' POST-OFFICE (Dooley Block), Salt Lake City, $320,000.00. UNION TRUST BUILDING, St. Louis, Mo., $550,000.00. COURT HOUSE, Fort Worth, Texas, $507,000.00. MEMORIAL LIBRARY BLDG., Branford, Ct., $250,000.00. SYNAGOGUE, Chicago (North Side). ST. MARTIN’S CHURCH, Chicago. ST. VINCENT CHURCH, Chicago. \ WORLDfS PAIR BUILDINGS: DOME OF HORTICULTURAL, GERMAN EMPIRE BUILDING, KENTUCKY STATE BUILDING, MOORISH PALACE, CONVENT LA RABID A, FISHERIES, MUSIC HALL, CASINO, PERISTYLE, ARENA. Hock (flail Plaster bSaA UA bS^ BOA* tyttty Has proven the best of all wall Plasters and makes . the best wall. , It will not disintegrate but becomes harder and tougher by age, for particulars, ADDRESS, Hock Plaster Co. of Chicago, 1204 Chamber of Commerce. The Victor Automatic Air Valve. A Perfect Valve at Low Cost. Does not occupy more space than an ordinary air cock. The composition extends into the radiator and is always kept hot. Guaranteed not to drip water. Davis No. 7 (Moat) Air Valve. The composition expands against a spring plate and will not compress or warp. Closes automatically by steam or water and has heat controller cap. Manufacftired by G. M. Davis & Co., 103 N. Clinton Street, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. Fire-Brick Linings For SMOKE STACKS, BOILERS, Etc. Wall Coping for Buildings Portland and Domestic Cements, . . . Fine Lining and General Building Material. CHy Sand S 188 MADISON ST., ---CHICAGOOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MEMORIAL WINDOW, UNION STATION, ST. LOUIS. Theo. C. Link, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ANDREW J. POST WIIylylAM H. McCORD POST & MCCORD STEEL AND IRON CONSTRUCTION, BUILDINGS, ROOFS AND BRIDGES. OFFICES-- 1__ . . . 289 Fourth Avenue, . . . iiBljU YOl*K- WORKS: Paidge flve., Setauket St. and fiemtouin Ci*eek, Cffeenpoint, Dong Island. (JJlüLER MaRUFACTURINC Co B0MMERSHIN6ES ARE THE BEST. Sasb and Gable Gtialns. and Factories: flDUwaukee, Mis. . (Danai actapers of * .’»isr / » Bl^wWHtfPI •RESIDENCE, ST. JOSEPH, MO. Rckei. & Mann. Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. SPECIFY THE NEV N STAR COUPLERS NO SOLDER THE OLD GROUND COUPLINGS WITH SOLDER JOINTS THE MAE ©DUPLEX IS A AEC H AMICAI connccTion, obviatihg shtrost the USE OE SOLDER OR 'WIPED JOIHT” TO~ • GETHER WITH THE OLD STYLE GROUPID COUPLinGS. IT IS ABSOI IJTEI Y AIR AMD WATER TIGHT. SIAPLE IH COHSTRUCTIOH, ARID ÔYAETRICAL IH APPEARAHCE. STAR COUPLER COAPANY ST-LOtJIS- AQEffHGIIESs FAIRBANKS. AORGL & CO - THE FAIRBAP1KS CO • CHICAGO. ILL. STPAUL,Ainn HEWYeRK.NY. Be5T2N,AA55. 5rL°UIS, AO. /WtEAP^LIS. ALBANY, NY. BUFFALO. NY cincinnati, o. o/aaha . heb balti/k9re,/kd. CLEVELAnD.O. KANSAS. GITYm PHILADELPHIA , PA. L2UISVILLE, KY. DENVER ,CeLe. PITTÔBUPG , PA indian^lis.ind. lqs angelical. new Orleans,la. ÔAN FRANCISCO. CAL. LONDON , ENGLAND .SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. i — c Ì' %\ ■ WINDOW IN RESIDENCE ON DELMAR AVENUE, ST. LOUIS, A. F. Rosbnhkim, Architkct.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. GEO. T. RIDDLE, Pres’t & Treas. GHAS. REHBE/N, Vice-Pres’t. HENRY REHBEIN, Secretary. MISSISSIPPI ...PLANING MILL... AIVI3 PACKING BOXES Special attention paid to Hardwood Finish..... COR. THIRTEENTH AND O’FALLON STREETS —» • f f f SAINT LOUIS ( GEO. T. RIDDLE, PRESIDENT, j FRED. J REMMERS, SECRETARY, i CHAS. W. GOETZ. I G. H. GRUETZEMACHER. DEALERS IN Carthage Marble, Georgia Marble, Buff and Blue Bedford, Lake Superior Red, Ashland Brown Stone and Tennessee Marble. Office, Storage Yards and Custom Saw Mill; Chouteau and Vandeventer Avenues, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI. Quarries and Saw Mills, Henry Hatzfeld, Agent. carthage. mo. MISSOURI BRASS FOUNDRY. ...Jobbers of... Wrought Iron Welded Tubes for Steam, Gas and Water, Leather and Rubber Belting, Packing and Hose. 600, 602 and 604 N. Second Street, Cor. Washington Avenue, and 119 Washington Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. F. A. DREW F. A DREW, President. L. G HADLEY, Secretary. Glass Company % ì 1 1 PLATE GLASS, 1 1 1 WINDOW GLASS, i i 1 SKYLIGHT GLASS, l[ £ 1 ì 1 <3* GROUND GLASS, COLORED GLASS, w 1 ENAMELED GLASS, i ì CATHEDRAL GLASS, &à) •È) ì ì 1 '&) ONDOYANT GLASS, È) SS 1 ì| $ BEVEL PLATE GLASS, DIAMONDS, yy GLAZIERS’ POINTS, t AND PUTTY. ....CORNER.... Twelfth and St. Charles Streets, St. Louis, IVIissoqri.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ENTRANCE TO RESIDENCE ON DELMAR AVENUE, ST; LOUIS. A. F. Rosenheim, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. »! LOOMIS F LTERS mmæm LWWII,IW 1 ILi 1 LIIW Improved System OUR patents cover the only safe principles and the latest mechanical apparatus for the filtration of water....... Results Guaranteed ESTIMATES FURNISHED FOR BOTH LARGE AND SMALL PLANTS. New York Office: 77 Liberty Street. 2005 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA. UNION BRASS WORKS. McC AH BRIDGE & CoriPANY, Limited, —___rianufacturers of. Plumbers’ Supplies AND Fine Sanitary Specialties. 523. 525 and 527 Cherry Street, \ /_____________ . . . The Sypho Water Closet . . . Philadelphia, . . Ideal Basin and Bath Waste . . Pa.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. RESIDENCE ON DELMAR AVENUE, ST. LOUIS. A. F. Rosenheim, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. f RE.D.VINCENT, Prest.5.Manager. GEO-CHERRY Secretary. EDW ARD WALSH, Jr., President, ST. LOUIS. = . W. HUMPHREYS, Vice-President, NEW YORK. Mississippi Glass Company, The Leading factory in the World Devoted Exclusively to the JVIanufacture of ROUGH ROLLED GLASS, EXTRA HEAVY WHITE, ROUGH »no RIBBED GLASS for SKYLIGHTS Made Y8» 3/ie, and 3/s inch thick, from 16 to 40 inches wide and up to 110 inches long. SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE GLASS for the AMERICAN WIRE GLASS MANUFACTURING CO. Practically stone proof and fire proof. Wire Glass is eminently adapted for Railroad Stations and general Skylight purposes, for Klevator Shafts, Partitions, Warehouse, Office and Jail Lights, Cellar Windows of residences, etc. Rolled Cathedral Glass. Manufacturers, under protection of patents, design pateuts, and trade marks, of various well-known styles of Figured Rolled Glass, viz : Patent Ondoyant, Venetian, Muranese, etc. In this line attention is called to the New Ornamental Glass PATENT FLORENTINE. Made in White and Amber colors—l/s inch thick, 30 inches wide; 8/ie inch thick, 42 inches wide, for Doors, Partitions, and Windows of Public Buildings, Banks, Offices and Private Residences. Of finest quality,beautiful,brilliant and easily cut. OUR GLASS IS CARRIED IN STOCK BY ALL LEADING JOBBERS. Contractors, therefore, can be readily supplied with any style made by us, no matter where they may be situated within the limits of the United States. ...ALSO MANUFACTURERS OF.... HIGH GRADE FIRE BRICK, TANK AND FURNACE BLOCKS, BLAST FURNACE AND CUPOLA LININGS, REGENERATOR SOAPS AND TILES, And all Articles of Fire Clay used in the Construction of Glass and Metallurgical Furnaces. CHICAGO OFFICE.. , EASTERN OFFICE.... NO. 1443 MONAONOCK BLOCK. NO. 102 CHAMBERS ST., NEW YORK. c. J. gundlach, Agent. gilbert s. king, agent, GENERAL OFFICES AND WORKS, ST. LOUIS, MO.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MARQUETTE BUILDING, CHICAGO ILL Holabird & Roche, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. holmes, pyott & CO., Washington Foundry and Machine Shop, * • • ESTKBLISHED 1303. • • • ____^ _________ ^________ ...... Manufacturers of All Kinds of. STR uc tural m ornamental iron . . . FOR BUILDINGS, . . . Bridge, Railroad and Machinery Castings. Correspondence Solicited. Estimates Furnished. 13 NORTH JEFFERSON STREET Chicago. MANUFACTURERS UNITED STATES AND CANADA m GERMAN INTERLOCKING Rdll III F . . IN . . NATURAL, SEMI= GLAZE AND FULL GLAZE. World's Fair German Government Building, Roofed by Ludowicl, of Germany. To remain permanently for use of park. LUDOWICI ROOFING TILE CO., CHICAGO AND CHICAGO HEIGHTS, ILL. Grooved Tile. 9 x (6 Inches. Weight 750 pounds per square laid. Weather exposure, laid, 72 per cent. Showing Side lock. Showing Cross Lock Cross Section. See Leaflet issued June, 1895 for names of Architects and location of work. ...SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS OLD COLONY BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILL. Holabird & Roche, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. VARNISH IN ARCHITECTURE. ETHICS. In the Architectural profession there is, to a certain extent, a feeling among its members that deters them from specifying this or that man’s goods to the exclusion of all others of a like nature, and for a like use. While this may be, and doubtless is, a wise rule, there is, or should be an exception made in the case of HARD OIL FINISH. Hard Oil Finish is made by only one firm in the world; but its popularity has brought out numerous imitations, which are offered under the same name; so that in buying Hard Oil Finish the only Guarantee that the purchaser is really getting the genuine article is the label or brand of its originators—Berry Brothers. While the use of genuine Hard Oil Finish - produces the finest results in the way of a finish attainable on wood, the use of an imitation will in all probability ruin the interior finish. Under these circumstances, in specifying “BERRY BROTHERS’ HARD OIL FLNISHI the Architect is simply taking proper steps to protect his Clients from being imposed upon by the use of some of these spurious articles miscalled Hard Oil Finish. BERRY BROTHERS, Limited, Varnish Manufacturers. NEW YORK, CHICAGO, BOSTON, CINCINNATI, PHILADELPHIA, ST. LOUIS, BALTIMORE, SAN FRANCISCO. FACTORY: DETROIT.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. GUARANTEE TITLE & TRUST CO. BUILDING. Henry Ives Cobb, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. WORLD’S COLUFIBIAN EXPOSITION. Nine first Awards. * Established. 1855. Crane Elevator Co., 219 South Jefferson Street, CHICAGO. BUILDER OF HIGH GRADE' HYDRAULIC, ELECTRIC and STEAM Elevators CALL PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO THE CRANE HIGH DUTY ELEVATOR WHICH SURPASSES ALL OTHER ELEVATORS____—^ In safety. .*. In perfection of starting and stopping apparatus. .*. In ease of control of speed. In smoothness and noiselessness of operation. . In economy of space. In economy of operation. In economy of maintenance.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MONADNOCK BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILL. Hoeabird & Roche, ) Burnham & Root, j Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Residence oe F. Tiedeman,|St. George, Staten Iseand, n. y. Originally a frame building, converted into a “Cementine” by the application of Expanded Metal and Portland Cement. Expanded £Detau Liathing ;(?. FENCING, GUARDS, SCREENS, Etc. ,C). Concrete apd Expanded foetal Flooring, Oar Systerps of Solid Partitions, Suspended Ceilings, . Protection of Colurpns, Girders, Etc. . . . A re absolutely FIIjE-PHOOF, bight and of Great Strength, mith IWinimam of Iron. imiitiliiiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiimiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiKiiiuimiimiimiiii For Descriptive Catalogues or Estimates, address either of the following Associate Companies: NORTHWESTERN EXPANDED JWETAIi CO., . ST. IiOUIS EXPANDED NIETAIi CO., CENTRAI* EXPANDED JHETAIk CO., . . SOUTHERN EXPANDED i«ETAIt CO., . . 860 Old Colony Building, CHICAGO, ILL. . . . 1819 Pine Street, ST. UOUIS, JWO. 531 Wood Street, PITTSBURGH, PA. Builders* Exchange, WASHINGTON, D. C.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS GREAT NORTHERN HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILL. Burnham & Root, Architects.COTTA CO- in ALL COLORS ADD ACCORDING TO SPECIAL DESIGN • GLAZED AMD EDAAELED WORK ID ALL VARIETIES EROflTS EOR SKELETON C.0n5TRUC TIOFT A SPECIALTY- ¡-•WORKS ADD "I COR.CLYDOURn AND 1 AAln orncc i WRIGMTWOOD AVEMUES CITY OEEICC ,ROOA Ilia,THE ROOKERY, CHICAQO SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MARSHALL FIELD BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILL. D. H. Burnham & Co., Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. jardnerliash'Bàlanéeè <512 ffpiilialonai Bank Chicago ill BuildingSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. AUDITORIUM HOTEL ANNEX, CHICAGO, ILL. Clinton D. Warren, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS I JJ PARLOR II WITH SINGLE PLANED EDGE V STEEL TRACK * * Sound Deadening Bushings, Sele Docking Loose axles A djustable from either edge ** or side of door.... Uas an adjustable center stop * * fastened to track.. The + Easiest * To put up, The Simplest in k Its Adjustment. Send for Descriptive Price List. Mentioning This Souvenir. flOORE flANFG. & FOUNDRY CO., MILWAUKEE, WISCOIÍSIIVSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. CHICAGO STOCK EXCHANGE, CHICAGO, ILL Apler & Sullivan, Architects,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MURDOCH CAflPBELL, President. ANGUS J. C. LEDGERWOOD, Vice-President. Murdoch Campbell Company, 901,902,903 MARQUETTE BUILDING, -W--CHICAGO. Contractors lor the Construction of Buildings In Any Part of the Country, émmaBBfíi wM^mm WmMm mm Wgm Hi ARCH. M. CAHPBELL, Secretary and Treasurer. ESTABLISHED 1873. INCORPORATED 1893. BUILDINGS ERECTED I893-95.. Hennen Building, New Orleans, La. Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Co., New Orleans, La. Cora Building, New Orleans, La. Tulane University, New Orleans, La. Norton Tin Plate and Can Co.’s Plant, Baltimore, Md. Lake Street Elevated Railway Co. ’s Car Barn, Chicago. North Chicago Street Railroad Co., Car Barn, Chicago. And Twenty World’s Fair Buildings, Chicago. Thos. Sully & Co. Limited, New Orleans, La., Architects. THE CARTON STEAM BOILER. DE WITT T. LYON. CARLISLE MASON. Lyon & Mason. STEAM and HOT WATER Heating and Ventilating POWER PLANTS Wrought Iron Pipe, Fittings, Brass Goods and Supplies. Boilers, Engines, Pumps, Heaters, Tanks, Separators, Injectors, Extra Heavy Valves, Extra Heavy Fittings, Hydraulic and Engineering Work, Pipe Cutting. 45 N. CLINTON STREET TELEPHONE MAIN 846 ChicagoSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MEDINAH TEMPLE, CHICAGO, ILL. Bbbrs, Clay & Dutton, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. LANE’S PATENT STEEL PARLOR DOOR HANGERS HI ||m|- nHH uËimi LANE’S 44 NEW MODEL” HANGER. Made of Steel. Noiseless Tread. Anti-Friction any Distance. Hangers and Fixtures Tinned. No Rights or Lefts. New Adjustment. Quickly Applied. ALSO BARN DOOR HANGERS IN GREAT VARIETY. = SOLD BY THE GENERAL HARDWARE TRADE. "rrs Lane Brothers, Poughkeepsie, n. ySOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. MASONIC TEMPLE, CHICAGO, ILL. Burnham & Root, Architects,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS, THE; BÜICK & SHERWOOD MFG. CO., 942 to 962 CHAMPLAIN STREET, DETROIT, MICH., Manufacturers of 8AIVITARY SPEClAl^Tie». ESTABLISHED 1880. Tti© i(Huccess" The Success Steel Bath Tub is something New and Superior in quality, strength and beauty to anything ever put upon the market. It is made from the finest Bessemer annealed sheet steel, galvanized to make it absolutely rust-proof, and instead of copper lining is coated inside with ati insoluble enamel (not porcel in.) ............................. Steel Bath Ttito. The Success Steel Bath Tub is handsomely decorated, light azure blue body and gold bronze legs. It has a combined overflow with plug and couplings, making a very decided saving in price over any tub made and also making it the cheapest firstrclass sanitary tub ever offered to the trade. Tii© Hte©l Batli Tuti. In ordering, please give the Pattern and Number of the tub wanted, and also finish of rim. Write for Catalogue of Sanitary Specialties.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, CHICAGO, ILL. Hbskit Ives Cobb, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS ESTABLISHED FIFTY YEARS. HITCHINGS & CO. Horticultural Architects and Builders «—AND LARGEST MANUFACTURERS OF—9 GREENHOUSE HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS. The Highest Awards received at the World’s Fair for Horticultural Architecture, Greenhouse Construction and Heating Apparatus. Conservatories, Greenhouses, Palm Houses, etc., erected complete with our Patent Iron Frame Construction. SEND FOUR CENTS FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUES. 233 MERCER STREET, - - NEW YORK CITY. NEW YORK OFFICE, J4 WARREN STREET. ____— MADE BY-- Van Wagoner & Williams Hdw. Go. CLEVELAND, OHIO, U. S, A. “American Trackless” Door Hangers NOISELESS. NO OVERHEAD FRAMING. Every desirable Feature In perfection. FOR SALE BY . . . Builders’ Hardware Dealers. ® ® (s> ® ® SEND FOR CIRCULARS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTSSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Fire-Proof Door Co, Minneapolis, Minn,, Exclusive Manufacturers of Richardson’s Pat. Pressed Metal Fire-Proof Doors, Jambs, Casings, Wainscoting Paneled Fire-Proof Shutters, The only Handsome Fire-Proof Door on the Market. Especially Adapted for Use All Through Hotels, Hospitals, Asplums, Office and Putite Buildings IN PLACE OF WOOD DOORS. Cannot Warp, Shrink, Sag or Swell. No Joints to pull apart. The Best Steel is used. One sheet for each side over a Wood Core. Plated Duplex Copper. Why spend so much money for other Fire-Proof Materials and then Destroy their value by using Wood Doors ? On Large Orders we will make Style of Doors and Casings to ARCHITECTS’ DETAILS. These Doors will soon SAVE their Cost in Insurance and Increased Rentals. Specify them for your Buildings and we will Guarantee Perfect Satisfaction. For Prices, Catalogues, Samples, Mdress FIRE-PROOF DOOR CO., Minneapolis, Minn.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE AUDITORIUM HOTEL, CHICAGO, ILL. Adler & Sullivan, architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. The Roebling Fire-proof Construction. More so than is true of any other system extant, the Roebling Fire-proof Construction combines stiffness and ultimate strength with the least possible “dead” weight. Considered in the light of safety alone, the supreme importance of this point is so apparent to architects and engineers as to need no comment. Considered as a matter of expense the Roebling Fire-proof Construction makes possible a saving of 25 per cent, in the weight of iron beams used in a building, while the lesser cost of the other materials employed effects a further saving, in the cost of the floors and partitions. Besides the advantages of absolute safety and sound economy over other methods, the Roebling Fire-proof Construction lends its aid easily to the inexpensive, permanent, graceful, finishing of interiors, and without superadded expense. The engravings herewith, representing a heavy double ceiling beam and its supporting columns,- fairly illustrate the point named, f We contract for the fire-proofing of buildings under our patents.. Correspondence is desired with interested parties, and with architects and engineers. Our booklet “The Roebling Fire-proof Flooring Considered from the Engineer’s Point of View,” and circular “The Roebling Standard Wire bathing,” will be mailed on request. John A. Roebling’s Sons Co., 1x7-119 Liberty street, New York. Or, The New Jersey Wire Cloth Co., m-173 Lake street, Chicago. .Trenton, N. J. 25-27 Fremont street, San Francisco. *In the waiting-room of the new Broad street (Philadelphia) station of the Pennsylvania railroad. +The actual frame of the building included the single I beam shown in Figure 5. It is supported by iron columns. (See Figure 6.) The massive effect so well conveyed in the illustration is produced entirely by wire-lathing false-work fastened to cross-section rods bent to proper profile. Rigidity is ensured by the iron rods woven into the fabric every 7% inches. [Incidentally it may be stated that the Roebling Standard Wire Lathing is used throughout the building named, having supplanted other material which proved uusuited to the strain and sudden shocks usual in a great railway station.]SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS THE NEW YORK LIFE BUILDING, CHICAGO, ILL. JENNEY & MUNDIE, ARCHITECTS,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. SAN FRANCISCO. NEW YORK. LONDON, ENG. The Clarence E.VanAuken UableAddress uLtv^.iJu CLEVAUC Steam Radiators. Manufactured under the V» Auken Patents OF January, 1895. . J J ¡Sr - ■*meuHto»5* |W|g|fj0, CLEVAUC .Cbc TWlorö. CLEVAUC TRAP* W MA«*K Is Cast or Stamped on All Goods manufactured by us, which distinguishes them from others. ARCHITECTS will please note this. Every Valve Guaranteed. EXCELLENCE “MILWAUKEE CEMENT” “BEST NATURAL CEMENT IN THE WORLD.” Capacity, 4,000 Barrels Per Day. Annual Sales, 400,000 Barrels. CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. FOR UNIFORMITY OF GRIND AND ULTIMATE STRENGTH IT STANDS UNRIVALLED. Milwaukee Cement Company, Milwaukee, Wis. 100,000 Barrels Used by U. S. Government in Construction at Sauit Ste. MarieSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. NEWBERRY LIBRARY, CHICAGO, ILL. Henry Ives Cobb, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS CHSR1.ES T. HARRIS, Lessee. The Celadon Terra = Cotta Company, Ltd. MHNUFSCTURERS OF SRTISTIC ROOFING TILES Twenty = Five (Babcock Patents) Ten .... Different Shape» ALFRED, = = = NEW YORK Different Colors RESIDENCE OF ANSON PHELPS STOKES, LENOX, MASS. NEW YORK OFFICE; : h. neill wilson, architect, pittsfielo. mass CHICAGO OFFICE: Suite 1120 Presbyterian Building, 8x 12-in. Conosera Tile. Suite 1001 Marquette Building, ISO Fifth Ave. 204 Dearborn St. J. C. McPARLAND, TILE ROOFING A SPECIALTY. 'Galvanized Iron and Copper Cornices, Architectural Metal Work, Slate, Tin and Corrugated Iron Roofing, Metal Slcylightsi= ■ = THE» PULLMKN MEMORIAL CHURCH, RLBION, N. V. Contracts Taken in Any Part of the United States. S. S BEMAN, ARCHITECT, CHICAGO. Soil to 2518 State Street Ctiicago*SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ART INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILL. Shkpi-ey, Rotas & Coolidgk, Architects.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. E. ^tebbins Manufacturing Co. Manufacturers ... of Plumbers’___ Fine Brass Goods Including BROUGHTON PATENT SELF-CLOSING WORK Stebbins’ -Special • • extra heavy compression work GROUND-KEY, COHPRESSION AND FULLER WORK __—i ------FINE ART BRASS AND BRONZE CASTINGS BROUGHTON PATENT SELF-CLOSING WORK. (Fall line Bibbs. Stops ud Cocks.) Some of the largest Hotels and Buildings in the United States supplied with this work. 4k y* Also Manufacturers full line of 1848 ESTABLISHED INCORPORATED 1868 Solid Silver-Metal..... ..... Plumbers’ Goods FINE FAUCETS FOR LAVATORIES, SINKS % BATH TUBS The “LITTLEGIANT” I guin (TB»VCL.HG) Ldnll I I I ™L“" Sprinklers AND-ff Lawn Sprinklers. ^ÄressjBfigMWOOd. ^pringfield, Massach usetts. All these goods bear this Trade-Mark and are guaranteed tor three years.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Architects Electrical Bulletin. ERIE CO. SAVINGS BANK BUILDING, BUFFALO, N. Y. Geo. B. Post, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ConfriHEp Heater. Furifiea. Filter. 0 it> 5cn-RAroRT^xp/i/Ys/or/ &.F{£cE\v'nq Taju^L Supported &T the, results accomplished pviyn^ sin _________________ Wist?on:—■ Wf-mreftRi/PTep use;. To accept facts acawst Theories' fcxCtXSIOFi JffATFfi Co.. * Cwporsep Br~ /(u £ohpetaut Experts. Qhi c/»qo.. Among the prominent buildings in Chicago using the- COMBINED EXCELSIOR HEATER, PURIFIER, FILTER, OIL SEPARATOR AND CONDENSATION RECEIVER, are the following: Masonic Temple, 22 stories. Ashland Block, 16 stories. Columbus Memorial Building, 16 stories. Ellsworth Building, 16 stories. Chamber of Commerce, 16 stories. Coles Building, 14 stories. Lees Building, 14 stories. Y. M. C. A. Building, 14 stories. Hartford Building, 14 stories. Rookery Building, 12 stories. Chicago Athletic Club Building, 12 stories. ^ Western Bank Note Building, 12 stories. > Montgomery Ward & Co. Building, 12 stories. Owings Building, 12 stories. Athenaeum Building, 10 stories. Chicago Club Building, 10 stories. Omaha Building, 10 stories. Sprague, Smith & Co. Building, 10 stories. 1 Crozier Building, 10 stories. Montauk Block, 10 stories. Doggett Building, 10 stories. Willoughby Building, 10 stories. Temple Court Building, 10 stories. Chicago Daily News Building, 9 stories. Dexter Building, 8 stories. Sorrento Building, 8 stories. Calumet Apartments, 8 stories. Ozark Apartments, 8 stories. Tobin Apartments, 8 stories. Kedzie Apartments. Corbin Apartments, 8 stories. Pulsifer Apartments, 8 stories. Hayes Apartments, 8 stories. Skinner Apartments, 8 stories. Seymour Apartments, 8 stories. University Club Building, 8 stories. Ed Partridge Building, 8 stories. Adam Schaff Piano Co. Building, 8 stories. Kimball Building, 8 stories. Jacobs Theatre. Husche & Jurs Building, 8 stories. Sprague, Warner & Co. Building, 7 stories. Rainier Hotel, 7 stories. Leland Hotel, 6 stories. Park Gate Hotel, 6 stories. Chicago Beach Hotel, 6 stories. Massasoit Hotel, 6 stories. Hahnnemann College, 6 stories. Hurlbut Building, 6 stories, Art Building, 3 stories.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Electrical Bulletin. SCRIBNER BUILDING, NEW YORK. Krnest Flagg, Architect.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE---- NATIONAL VARNISH COMPANY, HSTErs/ST" HAVENT, OOiDsTUNT. æ $ æ » æ $ / Jr i' • T U'iffllÄif! 1 / I. 1 “1 INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR HIGHEST GRADE. ■ / pATiOi / _ Il 'l/A B VARNISHES. i• iri X. '"«flilP*1* , l! Vi'/-' ' i-iXI./ \ " . » V ' . C35rmL_ll ^ '-1- TRApEMARKt gs SI ig TEST MADE BY SHEFFIELD SCIENTIFIC YALE UNIVERSITY. SCHOOL OF On April 9, 1895, we sent, by request, sample of inside cabinet XX Varnish. On April 16, 1895, we sent, also by request, sample of best kettle boiled Linseed Oil; sample of best outside Spar Varnish ; sample o£ best outside Spar Varnish, extra light color. These samples were analysed and tested scientifically in competition with several standard varnish makers (as Sheffield wanted the best), and the National Varnishes and the National Boiled Linseed Oil were found to be absolutely free from any injurious matter, absolutely pure, and were adopted by the Sheffield Scientific School and ordered to be used on their buildings, now being erected, and in their laboratory, thus proving that the National Varnishes have stood the test of science as to their purity and superior excellence. Chemistry and Science go hand in hand with Honesty. EXPOSURE UNDER SALT WATER. (This was an Inside Varnish used on School Furniture) rubbed and polished.) 73 Fudton Street, Boston, Hass., April 23, 1895. Mr. Chas. F. Bates, Sec’y and Treas. National Varnish Co., New Haven, Ct. Dear Sir:—In reply to your favor, will state that so far as your varnish is concerned we are very much pleased with it. We have used none other for the past four years; and one of the best tests of your varnish that we have had was on a lot of school desks that were sunk on the * Whitney” of the Metropolitan S. S. Co., here in Boston Harbor when she was run into some two years ago. We have some of these desk tops at the present time, and will state that the varnish looks almost as well to-day as the day it was put on, although these desks were under salt water for fourteen days. Yours truly, GEO. S. PERRY & CO. At the ninth annual convention of the Master House Painters and Decorators of the United States, held at Cleveland, Ohio, February 7, 8 and 9, 1893, the following report on varnish tests was made on the Boston test : Number of varnishes (outside) tested, 42. Number of varnishes in first class, 5. And of these five varnishes that stood the test the National Varnish was one of them. (See Painters’ Magazine of March 1893, page 247.) WEST Haven, April 23, 1895. This is to certify that Messrs.------varnish agent came to my shop of the Winchester Avenue R. R. Co., with an acid mixture to test varnishes and show which were and which were not properly made, and would not stand outside wear. He had samples of the best known makers, and none stood the test. He then tested what I was using, the National Varnish, and it did not change, and this agent remarked: “You have got what none of the rest have.” The varnishes tested turned the color of iron rust and curdled. GEO. D. NICHOES, Master Car Painter, Winchester Ave. R. R. Co., West Haven, Conn.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Electrical Bulletin. CABLE BUILDING, NEW YORK. McKim, Mead & White, Architects.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. JWi Bm M H B mm m i ilT & Jl a 1/ If ill % mmim ¡|||| luK ga PORCELAIN LINED IRON BATH COMBINATION FIG 195. TRIPLE JET SYPHON KYATERCLOSET NO. *7. ^^^JAANUFACT URERS OF PECK BRO'S &C0. ’ D 0 RA DO" SYP HON YV^TE)^ CLOJIT wo. 23. n-y^P), FACTORY & GEMERAI. OFFICES.ffEW HAVEN,CT ^SHOW AMO SALES ROOMS — ÌVf CH6STJTUT ST, MEW HAVCK. 4-TCÌUFF ST* NEW fÒR*. 16 EMST* MEW YORK. 25^ WABASH AYR. CHICAGO 66-J OLlYEl(sTY BO5TON* 1 // H^HIH Mft" HEEOIE AND SNOWIRBATH W5I2 Ti« 2I8-' TWO | j*5? 'TRIE , cha^puigOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Electrical Bulletin. HARVARD CIvUB, NEW YORK. McKim, Mead & White, Architects.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Pittsburgh_________—^ Plate Glass Company ....IMAHUpACTURERS OF.... EDWARD pot*D, President. A. V. HOWARD, Secretary. E. I*. poi^D, Treasurer. PLiATE Gli ASS UNEXCEUliED IJ4 QOAUITY.-- We are the largest producers of Polished Plate Glass in the World, and our unparalleled facilities enable us to execute orders promptly and to your entire satisfaction. Glass Bending a Specialty t t t t ....OPERATING MfORl^S AT.... CREIGHTON, PA. TA^E^TUM, PA. FOf*D CITY, PA. (2) OUQUESflE, PA. CHApIiE^OI, PA. C^YSTAIi CITY, ]BO. EiicaooiD, mo. i^OKomo, ind. t t t 4* Address all Communications to GEHERAIi OFFICES, CARHEGIE BUlliDING, PITTSBURGH PA.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Architects Electrical bulletin. MANHATTAN UFK BUILDING. Kimball & Thompson, Architects.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Building and Insulating Papers ABSOLUTELY AIR-TIGHT, ODORLESS, GAS, ACID AND ALKALI-PROOF. WILL KEEP HOUSES COOL IN SUMMER AND WARM IN WINTER. . P & B Ruberoid Roofing... Made with best Wool Felt as a basis. Thoroughly saturated and coated with the P & B water, acid and alkalUproof Compound. Strong, durable, light in weight, and will not become brittle and crack with cold or run with heat. The Standard Paint Company, ___Sole Manufacturers,.... 2 Liberty Street, - = = NEW YORK. CHICAGO : 186 Fifth Avenue. 3end for our new . . . Catalogue and Sample Book. Made especially for Architects’ use. ^ Qur well=known . . . . . Trade Mark with the Rooster and the letters P & B . . . Is on all of our packages.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Electrical Bulletin, MUTUAL RESERVE BUILDING, NEW YORK. Wm, H. Hume, Architect,SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. PERTH AMBOY TERRA-COTTA COMPANY PERTH AMBOY, N. J. MANUFACTURERS ARCHITECTURAL TERRA-COTTA Special Color Front Bricks NEW YORK OFFICE, 160 Broadway. PHILADELPHIA OFFICE, 1044 Drexel Bldg. BOSTON AGENTS, Waldo Bros., 88 Water Street.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS THE HAVEMEYER BUILDING, NEW YORK CITY, Geo. B. Post, Architect. Architects Electrical BulletinSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. AMERICAN SURETY BUILDING IS PLASTEREU WITH MACHINE MADE LIME MORTAR. The united states mortar supply co„ MACHINE MADE LIME MORTAR, PLASTERING, BRICKLAYING, MARBLE AND TILE SETTING, WORKS: Telephone 6i-i8th. OFFICE: COW BAY, LONG ISLAND. Kennedy Bldg., 289 Fourth Ave., NEW YORK. USED FOR PLASTERING THE FOLLOWING BUILDINGS: American Surety Building, Bruce Price, Architect. Manhattan Life Insurance Co. Building, Kimball & Thompson, Architects. New York Clearing House, R. W. Gibson, Architect. Buckingham Hotel Addition, R. W. Gibson, Architect. Corn Exchange Bank, Robert H. Robertson, Architect. Fidelity and Casualty Building, C. L. W. Eidlitz, Architect. The Bank for Savings, C. L. W. Eidlitz, Architect. Home Life Insurance Co. Building, N. Le Brun & Sons, Architects. St. Mary’s Church, N. Le Brun & Sons, Architects. Prescott Building, Clinton & Russell, Architects. Fahys Building, Clinton & Russell, Architects. Christopher Wolf Building, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architect. Schermerhorn Building, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architect. Carnegie Music Hall, Wm. B. Tuthill, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architects. Post Graduate Hospital, William B. Tuthill, Architect. St. Luke’s Hospital, Ernest Flagg, Architect. Scribner Building, Ernest Flagg, Architect. College of Physicians and Surgeons, W. Wheeler Smith, Architect. John Jacob Astor’s Residence, Richard M. Hunt, Architect. Elbridge T. Gerry’s Residence, Richard M. Hunt, Architect. Henry R. Hoyt’s Residence, Richard M. Hunt, Architect. Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt’s Residence, McKim, Meade & White, Architects. Bowery Savings Bank, McKim, Meade & White, Architects. Harvard Club, McKim, Meade & White, Architects. Imperial Hotel: Addition, McKim, Meade & White, Architects. Constable Building, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Jefferson Building, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Isaac Stern’s Residence, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Lexington Avenue Power House, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Saint Nicholas Church, Brooklyn, William Schickel & Co , Architects. Seton Hospital, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Maternity Hospital, Brooklyn, Mercien Thomas, Architect. N. Y. Hospital, House of Relief, Cady, Berg & See, Architects. Journeay Building, Cady, Berg & See, Architects. University of the City of N. Y.: Laboratory, Brunner & Tryon, Architects. Congregation Shaaray Tefila, Brunner & Tryon, Architects. New York Commercial Buildings, Robert Maynicke, Architect. Presbyterian Building, James Barnes Baker, Architect. Savoy Hotel: Addition, Ralph Townsend, Architect. “ Life ” Building, Carrere & Hastings, Architects. American Theatre, Charles C. Haight, Architect. Meridan Brittania Co.’s Building, Berg & Clark, Architects. F. Tilford’s Residence, Lamb & Rich, Architects. Nordica Apartments, George Keister, Architect. Metropolitan Street R’y Co. Car Stable Bldg., A. V. Porter, Architect. The Corndiac, Alfred Zucker, Architect. Wallace Building, Oswald Wirz, Architect. Clark Building, Delemos & Cordes, Architects. Roosevelt Building, Stephen M. Hatch, Architect. S. H. Corn Building, Louis Korn, Architect. Building for Potter Estate, 104 & 106 4th Ave. Renwick, Aspinwall & Renwick, Architects. St. George Church Corporation Bldgs., Marshall L. Emery, Architect. W. V. Brokaw’s Residence, H. F. Kilburn, Architect. Mrs. H. B. Gilbert’s Residence, H. F. Kilburn, Architect. SPECIFIED AND ADOPTED FOR PLASTERING: Siegel, Cooper & Co.’s Building, Delemos & Cordes, Architects. Bar Association Building, C. L. W. Eidlitz, Architect. Ayer Estate Building, Robert Maynicke, Architect. Johnston Building, James Barnes Baker, Architect. Y. M. C. A. Building, Parish & Schroeder, Architects. St. Mary’s General Hospital, William Schickel & Co., Architects. Waldorf Hotel : Addition, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architect. The Manhattan Hotel, Henry J. Hardenbergh, Architect. Roosevelt Hospital (Out Patient Department), W. Wheeler Smith, Architect. Machine Made Lime Mortar has been used for Plastering more large, important and costly Office Buildings, Banks, Hotels, Hospitals, Churches, Private Residences, Etc., in New York City, since its introduction, than all other plastering materials combined. It COSTS LESS and is the BEST plastering material in the market. AMERICAN SURETY BUILDING IS PLASTERED WITH MACHINE MADE LIME MORTAR.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Architects Electrical Bulletin. AMERICAN SURETY BUIEDING, NEW YORK. Bruce Price, Architect.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Sample» and full particular^ mailed free on application OM EACH ROLL OF ALL GENUINE NEPONSETOFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Eeectricai^Bulletin. CORN EXCHANGE BANK BUILDING, NEW YORK. R. H. Robertson, Architect.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. H. C. CLEMENT, PRESIDENT, G. W. HOFFMAN, VICE-PRESIDENT. GEO. H. KEELER, GEN’L MANAGER. O. F. BANE, SEC’Y AND TREAS. THE ■ QEORQIfl * ndlWLE - COnPdNT Ac QUARRY OWNERS AND Y' S2LE FRSbUQERS OF— CREOLE » CHEROKEE iiiiiii!iiiiiiii limili iniiiiiiiMiii'iwi I QEORQId HflRBLC jiiHiiiiiiwininüimiiinini'iimii ET2WAH KENNE/AW jiniiimMiimiiiiMimimiiiiwiii F LAHS FHWIRED AND RETURNED WITH E5TIHATE3 HN T WEIST Y-FOUR HOURS AFTER RECEIPT. 0 0 0 0 0 THE Ordnance Department, U. S. A., at the Watertown (Mass.) Arsenal made crushing tests on several samples of The Georgia Marble Company’s Marbles on October 3d, 1894. These tests were made with the United States testing machine, capacity 800,000 pounds, and resulted as follows : Marks. Dimensions. Sectional Area. First Crack. Ultimate Strength. Height. Compressed Surface. Total. Per Square Inch. Inches Inches Inches Sq. Inches Pounds Pounds Pounds Creole 3-99 3-99 3-99 15-92 165,000 181,800 11,420 Creole 4.00 4.00 4.00 16.00 248,200 248,200 15-512 Cherokee. 3-99 4.00 3-99 15-96 214,100 214,100 t3»4i5 Cherokee 4.00 3-99 3-99 15-92 168,000 188,200 11,822 Etowah 4.00 4.00 3-99 15-96 226,900 226,900 14,217 Etowah _ _ 3-99 3*99 3-99 15-92 221,100 221,100 i3>888 Kennesaw - 4.00 4.01 4.00 16.04 122,300 134,000 8,354 Kennesaw 4.00 4.02 4.00 16.08 172,900 173,200 10,771 TflTE,- QEORQIA THE ^EOIQIA HA1PLE nPÄnr ATISFACTION guaranteed to Architects and Owners in working out details, and producing results contemplated in designs. Our unlimited supply, and superior facilities, enable us to furnish material on shortest notice. Expert tests prove our marble to be equal, for all practical purposes, in strength to the best granites ; and being perfectly non-absorbent, it is not affected by exposure in any climate, and consequently remains clean and fresh in appearance, as it will not collect and hold dirt. These features make it easily the best material, for either building or monumental purposes, now in the market.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Klectrical Bulletin. BANK FOR SAVINGS, NEW YORK, Cyrus Kidlitz, architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS The J. L. jV\OTT IRON WORKS.... 84 TO 90 BEEKMAN STREET, NEW YORK CREAT REDUCTION IN... IflPERIAL PORCELAIN AND YGEirrHIRP WÜKP 311 and 313 Wabash Avenue, . . . CHICAGO 332 and 334 Boyleton street, . . . BOSTON Walnwrigta t Building ST. LOUIS Flood Building SSN FRANCISCO 000<><><»<><>0<>000<><>00<><>0<><><>000<>0<>0«>00<><><><>00<^^ EMPÌ RE-STYLE* COPYRIGHT 1895 BY' THE J. L. MOTT IRON WORKS, fL Y., AS DESIGN No, 10, REPUCED CUT. oo<>o<>oooooo<><>o<>oooo<>o<>o<>oo<>oooooo^b<><>ooooo<>^<>oo<><>oo<>oooo<>< Imperial Porcelain Roll=Rim Sink, .. . With Porcelain Back and Hinged Ash Drain-Boards« (Patent applied for.) DRAIN BOARD is an import-ant adjunct to a kitchen Sink. Plate 1340-0 represents a Drain-Board (patent applied for) entirely free from the wall, one end being supported by the Sink and the other by Cast Brass Brackets or a Leg. These Drip-Boards are hinged and fold up against wail for cleaning purposes. Imperial Porcelain Roll»Rim Baths nr MSI — ill©.? ■I SB 1'. ,3tf- IS r X COPYRIGHT, 1095, BY THE J. L. MOTT IRON WORKS;, PLATE 1 340-G. RedUCeti Cut. oooooooo^oo-ooo<)oooo<>oooooK>ooooo^-oooo^o<>oo^^o*<>o,oooooo^o<>oo^ooo^o,ooo<>ooooooO‘ ■ SlNB appearance, durability and perfection from a sanitary standpoint are all combined in these goods. They entail I ^ no labor, scouring or burnishing, requiring merely to be wiped out with a sponge to be thoroughly cleaned. A. Imperial Porcelain Ware, with its substantial thickness, fine glaze and beautiful appearance, isrthe ideal material for sanitary appliances. Our revised prices bring the cost of Porcelain Baths, Wash Tubs, Sinks, etc., to a figure at which they can be advantageously used in all fine and moderate priced dwellings, also in hospitals, etc. Interested parties were invited to examine these and other sanitary appliances at our show rooms. Illustrated Price L,ist mailed on application.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS HOTEL MAJESTIC, CENTRAL PARK WEST, NEW YORK CITY. AS DESIGNED BY ALFRED ZtTCKKK, ARCHITECT.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Pmvcr ban rwPLE c° ...BæTIFWRE, ____ )ARBLE from the Celebrated quarries of the BEAVER DAM MARBLE COMPANY has been used in many of the largest and most important buildings in this country, and in consequence of its Fineness of Grain, Uniformity of Color, and Non-Absorbing qualities, it is constantly increasing in demand for all buildings where beauty, combined with strength and durability, is desired. .............................................. The BEAUTY and SUPERIORITY of ....Beaver Dam Marble.... is well attested by such Buildings as The Capitol Building at Washington, containing 108 large Monolithic columns each 26 feet long, of Beaver Dam Marble. U. S. Post Office Building and the Washington Monument, at Washington. The Peabody Institute and Maryland Club Buildings in Baltimore. The Drexel Building and Penn Mutual Insurance Building in Philadelphia. The Spires to St. Patrick’s Cathedral and the Metropolitan Club Building, in New York, etc. Knowing it to be to the interest of All Architects to Thor= oughly Investigate the Merits of Beaver Dam Marble, we earnestly solicit correspondence with all who are interested. Address. Beaver Dam Marble Company, ___________Baltimore, Maryland.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS Architects Electrical Bulletin. metropolitan CLUB, NEW YORK. McKim. Mead & White, Architects.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Atlas h h’Ti.wi » CEMENT GUARANTEED TO BE EQUAL TO ANY AND SUPERIOR TO MOST OF THE FOREIGN BRANDS. OFFICIAL TESTS, Nos. 3567 and 3568, made by the DEPARTMENT OF DOCKS, New York, March 31, 1894, being part of contract No. 464 for 8,000 barrels. TENSILE STRENGTH, 7 days, neat cement, ----- 622 lbs. “ “ 7 days, 2 parts sand to i of cement, - - 332 lbs. Pats steamed and boiled, - -- -- -- - Satisfactory. our product is of the first quality, and is the only American Portland Cement that meets the requirements of the United States Government and the New York Department of Docks. It is recommended most highly by the best known Engineers and Architects throughout the country. Atlas Cement Company, 143 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK CITY.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Architects Electrical Bulletin. THE WALDORF, NEW YORK. H. J. Hardenbergh, Architect.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. THE ^levelandVaqnlsn Go! C.H.TYLEE 1"“,“T'sa E.VAN CAMP. v,CE P“s1 W.H.H05TETTER. 5ECT'r OFFICE A~" WORKS Cleveland «L OM 1 o 1 «JBHHMg ... PERMANERE FINISHES... jFor the Finishing of Natural Woods in a High and Artistic manner. PERMANERE EXTERIOR FINISH Is especially prepared for use upon all exterior work where exposure to the elements is constant and severe, such as Front Doors, Vestibules, Store Fronts, Window Casings, etc. Is extremely pale in color, perfect in flowing and working qualities ; sets free from dust in 6 to 8 hours, and hardens in 18 to 20 hours. PERMANERE INTERIOR FINISH Will produce a beautiful luster over natural woods or grained surfaces, and is the perfection of finish for House Interiors, Mantels, Cabinets, etc., on account of its extreme durability. Dries free from dust in 6 to 8 hours, and can be rubbed to a soft luster or polished to a fine piano finish in from 3 to 4 days. PERMANERE FLOOR FINISH Combines the qualities of elasticity and quickness of drying; will not mar, even when subjected to the most severe usage, nor spot with mud or water. Is especially adapted for Hardwood Floors, Parquet Carpeting, Linoleum, etc. Dries free from dust in 4 to 6 hours, and hardens with a brilliant luster in 12 to 15 hours. PERMANERE FIRST COATING Is designed for First Coating on all Interior Wood Work, after the pores of the wood have been filled with a good paste filler. Works freely and sands in 10 hours, giving a firm foundation for the succeeding coats of Permanere Interior or Permanere Floor Finish. The Cleveland Varnish Co. CLEVELAND, OHIO. — BRANCHES == Sold in Cans only, Under our seal.—- Chicago, 111.: 172 5. Clinton Street. St. Louis, Mo.: 116 Olive Street. Minneapolis, Minn.: 330 First Street, North. Rockford, HI. San Francisco: 634 Mission Street. SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS INTERIOR OP THE CHURCH OF ST. PAUL’S. ANTWERP. THE ARTIST CELS’ MASTERPIECE, “THE DESCENT FROM THE CROSS,” IS OVER THE HIGH ALTAR. McNamara, Pex.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. ^r'HIS elegant Bronze Clock is one of our u electric system, one hundred and seventeen electric secondary clocks being driven by one master clock in the Massachusetts State House at Boston (see page opposite.) 5FE«L E)E5MINIS it thè ARCHITECT We make a specialty of adapting Electric Time System to any building, combining artistic effect with absolutely accurate time at very moderate cost. Correspondence solicited. Catalogues furnished to Architects. THE ¿UneRICAN WATCHMAN'S TIME bETECTÒR J. S. Morse, Treas. ...compahy... 234*235 Broadway, NEW YORK. MASTER CLOCK. » bas g/onz wilboufa bal\. because. be could nor" « « »wajr for horwaltr fURHGHES HOT WATER IMSTAtiTLYj ANYTIME OF THE PAY OR MIGHT. MO UMIT TO QilAhTITV TWO OBfTTiS PER E^awT-J-» WHttN U&IP1G . THEISOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS MASSACHUSETTS STATE CAPITOL BUILDING, BOSTON, MASS.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. H a. STREETER’S.... \ FOR CONNECTING Angles, Bars, Beams or Tee Iron to 1 Beams ior Rools, Ceilings and Other Iron and Steel Constructional Work —_____________NOTICE.............. Architects, Owners, Contractors, and all others interested in Iron or Steel construction will please note that I have Patented a Steel Clip for connecting Angle or Tee bars to I beams, etc., which reduces the expense one-half, and does away with the old method of Drilling and Bolting, which is a great saving of time, besides allowing an easy method of adjusting Tee bars to any desired width of Tile. This method has already been adopted by such notable firms as The Keystone Bridge Co., George A. Fuller Co., etc. Clips can be furnished ready to apply by sending me the sections and weight of Tee bars and I beams, for which connections are wanted. For method in applying see cuts. For prices and further information apply to H. A. STREETER, Patentee, GLOBE IRON WORKS, 35=41 Indiana Street, Chicago. Chicago, Sept. 30, 1891. H. A. Streeter, Esq., 3s to 41 Indiana St., Chicago: Dear Sir—We are using your Patent Steel Clip for connecting Tee irons to I beams for roofing purposes and in our constructional work for some time, and find that they are both economical and convenient, as they are always ready and can be put on rapidly by unskilled labor. We are always glad to recommend them to any one in our line of business. Yours truly, GEORGE A. FUELER CO. Pittsburg, Pa., Jan. 8, 1894. Mr. H. A. Streeter, 33 to 41 Indiana St., Chicago. Dear Sir—In answer to your inquiry, we beg to state that we have used a large number of your Patent Steel Clips for fastening Tees and Angles to I beams in the Carnegie building, Pittsburg, and elsewhere, and find them a most economical and effective device for this purpose. Yours truly, THE CARNEGIE STEEL CO., Limited. F. H. Kindl, Structural Engineer. A Few Prominent Buildings Where Streeter's Patent Steel Clip bias Been Used. Carnegie Building, . . . Pittsburg, Pa. Parmelee Building, . . Cleveland, Ohio. Equitable Building, . . . Atlanta, Ga. Michigan Trust Co. Bldg, Grand Rapids, Mich. McAllister & Dali Bldg, . Cleveland, Ohio. New England Building, . . Cleveland, Ohio. Garfield Building, . . Cleveland, Ohio. Milliken Bank Building, . . Decatur, 111. City Hall, .... Davenport, Iowa. Spitzer Building, . . . Toledo, Ohio. Bourse Building, . . Philadelphia, Pa. Morgan Building, . . . Buffalo, N. Y. Savoy Hotel, . . . New York City. Wyandotte Building, . . Columbus, Ohio. Cairo Apartment Building, Washington, D. C. Blackstone Memorial Library, Branford, Conn. Crane Elevator Co. Building, . . Chicago. Attwood Building, Newberry Building, Marquette Building,. Reliance Building, Kearsage Building, Monadnock Building, Temple Building, Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. Chicago. London & Liverpool & Globe Insurance Comp any Building, New Ashland Block,.................... The Fair Building............... Old Colony Building, Athletic Club Building, Home Insurance Building, Pontiac Building, .... Ellsworth Building................ Stock Exchange Building, Security Building, .... Academy of Sciences, Lincoln Park, Teutonic Building, New Era Building, . Orleans, La. Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago Chicago ChicagoSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH OF ST. JACQUES. ANTWERP, IN WHICH RUBENS IS BURIED. J. H. McNAMAHA, i*EX.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. w ...These 2 ■¡sii SI mm lll8H I 18 bBBHHH H Specially designed Bronze and Wrought Iron Clocks are a part of our system of Electric Time in the Neiv York Herald Building, where thirty-nine Secondary Clocks are operated electrically from one Master Clock. We equip all sorts of buildings with any number of Clocks, and combine artistic effects with accurate and uniform time, at a very moderate cost. Send for Catalogues and references. The ,arrest contracts ever give» were tor m Morse System of Electric Time. AMERICAN WATCHMAN’S TIME DETECTOR ....COMPANY.... J. S. MORSE, Treasurer. 234 and 235 Broadway, NEW YORK. JSOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS HERALD BUILDING, NEW YORK. McKim, Head & White; Architects, New York.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. «DCIIUCVI X ..OLD METHOD.. rtNNoTL roofing plate This Standard Celebrated Plate is Guaranteed Treble Coated. This Plate is made by the Old Method of making Plates 5° to 75 years ago. No heavier coated Plate made, it has no equal, made at our own works in Philadelphia, under our own direct supervision. Every box 28 x 20 size, contains 45 to 50 pounds actual coating, per box, 112 sheets. Specified by Architects. QunnEY, HcFarlamd & Qo., MANUFACTURERS and DEALERS in TIN PUTES AND NIETAl, .PHILADELPHIA, PA. CHARLES WHITTIER President LYNDE BELKNAP Vice-President and General Manager H. P. KING Treasurer Whittier Machine Company --.= MANUFACTURERS OF==—— ELEVATORS PASSENGER AND FREIGHT, HYDRAULIC, ELECTRIC, STEAM AND BELT NEW YORK OFFICE 93 Liberty Street ••• 53 State Street, BOSTON WASHINGTON OFFICE 526 13th St, N. W.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Architects Electrical Bulletin. BETZ BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA, PA. Will H. Decker, Architect.OFFICIAL SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. TÜI INTERIOR CONDUIT SYSTEM THE STANDARD METHOD OF ELECTRIC WIRING. /'"CONDUCTORS absolutely protected, insulated and rendered always accessible for inspection, renewal, repairs or additions. % Insures Absolute Immunity from Fire and Accessibility to Concealed Conductors... IRON ARMORED INSULATING CONDUIT. Has an armor possessing all the qualities of gas or water pipe, and can be installed with equal ease by the use of tools for cutting, threading, etc. WATER PROOF. * NAIL PROOF. * FIRE PROOF. LUNDELL DIRECT CONNECTED GENERATING SETS. LUNDELL POWER MOTORS. ®® LUNDELL LIGHTING GENERATORS. ®® LUNDELL EXHAUST FAN EQUIPMENTS. The Underwriters’ “ Rules and Requirements” permit the use of two Standard wires, either separate or twin conductor, in the Iron Armored Conduit of the Interior Conduit and Insulation Company. LUNDELL DIRECT CONNECTED GENERATING SETS, COR Steam Yachts, Steamships, Residences, Office Buildings, and all places where r Economy of Space and Noiseless Operation is a Desideratum........ 'S Interior Conduit and Insulation Company^«. GENERAL OFFICES AND WORKS: 527 West Thirty-Fourth Street, NEW YORK. EDWARD H. JOHNSON, E. W. LITTLE, OH AS. P. QEDDES, PRESIDENT. VlCE~PRESrT AND ÖEN'!. MANAGER. SECRETARY AND TREASURER.SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS RESIDENCE, ST. JOSEPH, MO. Kckel & Mann, architects./K. SOUVENIR, AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS. Rooms 43-4 Sherman St, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 6eneral Contractors for this Building. CONTRACTORS For the following Fire-Proof Buildings Now Being Constructed.. Ellicott Square, Buffalo, N. Y., 200x240, 10 Stories Park Building, Pittsburg, Pa., 110x110, 11 Stones. . Tax Abstract Building, Chicago, 40x180, 11 Stories, Sibley Warehouse, Chicago, - 80x200, ' 11 Stories. Lewis Institute, Chicago, - - 195x125, 5 Stories. Century Building, St Louis, - 210x120, 10 Stories,