I ILLNQI S UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN PRODUCTION NOTE University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library Brittle Books Project, 2013. COPYRIGHT NOTIFICATION,. In Public Domain. Published prior to 1923. This digital copy was made from the printed version held by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. It was made in compliance with copyright law. Prepared for the Brittle Books Project, Main Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign by Northern Micrographics Brookhaven Bindery La Crosse, Wisconsin 2013 I ; 4 ~-444~4-.4t4-4- tn44-44-44-'-ti444 r4, 4-n-: ~ ~ ~c-4- 4-- 1454 -V ~ 4 4 4--- ~ts~~l44~ -4 .4 4-44i~ 44444 4- ~~4444444-4-4444- 5 4 V ----"------- 4-4-44 44444-4 - J-Y---4-.4" -4 4 - - --444'44- 44 44 t _____ 4444444444-44.44--- 4~~,p. _; ____ ji~:~1 I -4 44--"~-4444444~44-4444-444 44)-4-44 4 -444-444-4-44-44, 4-;4444 -44 4r~444- -444.44-44-4 44-.4~~ - - -~ 444--4-44--~44---4 - 4-45--4-4- 4 - - 4~ 4--4-44--4-4--4-4- 444.-4~4444-44--4444d-- 4 44.. 4- 444 44 ~ 4444 V A ii A ~v+r :4~? THE TWENTIETH CENTURY BOOK OF PUZZLES UP-TO-DATE AND ORIGINAL BY A. CYRIL PEARSON With upwards of ioo Illustrations PHILADELPHIA DAVID McKAY, PUBLISHER 604-8 SOUTH WASHINGTON SQUARE CONTENTS PART PART PART I. PART IV. PART V. PART VI. PART VII. PAGE Picture Puzzles and Enigmas ... Diagram and Word Puzzles ... ... 33 Old Saws Reset and Anagram Doublets 48 Tangrams ... ... ... . 54 A Medley of Curios * .. ... * 59 Solutions to Picture Puzzles and Enigmas ... ... ... ... 78 Solutions to Diagram and Word Puzzles ... ... ... ... Io NNoT.---I have to thank Sam Loyd, the great American uzzle maker, for his kind permission to use some selections from his tublished Puzzles. PART I PICTURE PUZZLES AND ENIGMAS I. A Cataclysm. I, thy shoes in shifting, Drove a nail too hard; You, your heels uplifting, Kicked me to the yard I Can you discover buried in this description, the site of the cataclysm, or great revolution, that is here depicted ? A2 Z Picture Puzzles and Enigmas II. Rum Readings. Can you discover in how many different ways and directions the words "Red Rum and Murder " can be read on the Magic Diamond impressed upon this flask? Notice that the words form a palindrome. x. A Cryptogram. Turn this into English verse :- DI.-sjo in tedi aman DPUZ. Zlingto obu tput met og. ETHERA ndth ENRE admeth rough Nol. O ngerapuz zlesh alli bet oy OUF. Romt his yo tium ayle arnt hatt; HINGS MAYAPP! Eara tfi rstsi ghtt ob ever yp UZZ lin gorque erbu. Tlo oke data gaina reperf. ECT LYCL EAR. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas III. A Tessellated Task. Shade in one quarter in 40 of these 60 square cells, so that there are four distinct sets of io cells in which the same quarter is darkened so as to form 4 rows with 4 similar cells in each row. Shade as is shown in the pattern. i 11 U ' 2. Square the Vicar I Can you complete this word square:- VI O AR SI.. . C . . , A. R. .W So that it reads alike from top to bottom, and from left to right ? Picture Puzzles and Enigmas IV. A Bad Boy's Dream. Are t P, Curew.t s toned 1s~da I W"i Can you discover in the boy's apology where he enraged the curlew ? 3. A Latin Anagram. A scholar, reading that clever parody on Byron's line, attached to a dead pig, "'Tis grease, but living grease no more! " wrote beneath it two appropriate Latin words, spelt with exactly the same six letters. What were they? 4. An Enigma. Who does not know the trite old axiom, "A whole is greater than its part ?" A bold attempt to contra. dict Euclid's truism is made in the subjoined Enigma :- My whole is less than are the parts, Just two of which are in it; And if the rest a big D starts, They tell time to a minute. 4 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas V. Too Many Stripes! This American flag shows 15 stripes, two having for a time been added in x794 to the original 13, when Vermont and Kentucky came into the Union. The number of stripes was reduced again to 13 in 1817. Can you cut this 15 stripe flag into two parts, and reunite these so that they form a perfect 13 stripe flag ? 5. Advice for a New Year. Who . . . . . . . in all pride and rage, To ..... . vice a prey, May hope to reach a green old age, And find . . ... his stay. The missing words have the same seven letters. 6. An Enigma. To five a fourth of five append, One-third of one take then; Let fifty follow, and to end Affix two-thirds of ten. Two-thirds of this will yield sweet sounds, The whole with perfume sweet abounds. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas VI. Find the Rabbit. A mischievous bunny, nibbling at the leaves, has upset the plant. Replace this and find the rabbit. Z 7. Missing Words. Lady...... , the beautiful......, one day, After swimming and diving and splashing away, Found her .... was not equal to further display. So, starting for cricket, she took up...... , (2 words) When the wind found ....... 'cross.. . . . for ,a words) to wards) her hat I 8. A Charade. Round my first has ever been, Round it second must be seen, Always in my third I mean. Fourth a goddess dire and dread Entire, or without her head. All say simply "judge between." Picture Puzzles and Enigmas VII. Kiss and Tell I Two lovers are cleverly concealed in this head of Bacchus. Can you find them ? g. A Fine Word Square. E S T A T E S . . . . N T . . . . T A . . . E T . . . . R E N T E R S Can you fill in the missing letters ? 7 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas VIII. A Picture Riddle. Why is the core of this tree like the dog's tail? xo. At Close Quarters. One morning Chloe, to avoid the heat, Sat in a corner of a shady seat. Young Strephon, on the self-same errand bound, This fairest flower of all the garden found. Her peerless beauty set his heart aflame, Three monosyllables expressed his aim. At a respectful distance he conversed About the weather; then became immersed In other topics, lessening the while The space between them, heartened by her smile. The same three simple words, now joined in one, Expressed their happy state at set of sun. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas IX. By the Canal. This is the way to win: Go first and lead your moke, For if you baste his skin, Resistance you provoke I Can you find in the words of these lines a title for the picture ? iI. Buried Poets. The names of eight British poets are buried in these lines, so that their letters in proper order form parts of different words : The sun is darting rays of gold Upon the moor, enchanting spot, Whose purple heights by Ronald loved, Up open to his shepherd cot. And sundry denizens of air Are flying, aye each to his nest; And eager make at such an hour All haste to reach the mansions blest. Can you exhume them ? Picture Puzzles and Enigmas X. Addition by Intuition. How can you justify the working and result of this sum in simple addition? 3 40 7" 8 43 33 7 8 / Although the working of the figures seems to be wrong, and the total impossible, both can be shown to be quite correct. 12. Boat Race Oracle. A true prediction of the issue of the year's Boat Race is hidden in these mystic lines: Go, lad, be bold, fix a trim crew, See the dread Oracle deal! Each line is to be recast as an anagram. What says our Oracle ? 13. A Paradox. Though never present, I appear Of perfect form a token; And all that centres round my ear Is heard but never spoken. I0 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XI. Where was it P BRIGHAM LED ANYTHING BUT A HAPPY LIFE HERE. 14. An Ancient Paradox. The following question was proposed in an old book of Mathematical Curiosities published more than a hundred years ago:- " It often happens that if we take two horses, in every respect alike, yet, if both are put to the draught, that horse which is most loaded shall be capable of performing most work; so that the horse which carries the heavier weight can draw the larger load. How is this ? 15. A Floral Charade. My first must be below the ground To do its proper duty; Within my second may be found Chaps that can boast no beauty, Some cottage garden holds the two combined. Old-fashioned emblem of a candid mind. II Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XII. Where was it P I w~edu~ HePtyb ;n A ds! 16. A Surfeit of Bridge. A friendly circle of twenty-one persons agreed to meet each week, five at a time, for an afternoon of bridge, so long as they could do so without forming exactly the same party on any two occasions. As a central room had to be hired, it was important to have some idea as to the length of time for which they would require it. How long could they keep up their weekly meetings ? 17. Anagram Grammar. How are we taught by anagram that the singular of potatoes should not have an e at its end ? 1~PF*Srrr~ ..lrur~ ~la~llg C-~r~ IY~R)--- LU-~bPIB Ila~- IC - .L . ILgd Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XIII. Tobogganing. How can a dangerous pastime find So many to its risks inclined? How is the locality indicated ? x8. Fill in the Gaps. Keeping these letters in their present order, make a sensible sentence by inserting among them as often as is necessary another letter, which must be in every case the same:- A DEN I I CAN DOCK. xg. A Watch Puzzle. How many positions are there on the face of a watch in which the places of the hour and minute hands can be interchanged so as still to indicate a possible time? B I3 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XIV. A Cloven Skull. Can you divide this dog's head exactly alike in shape and size ? into two parts 20. A Meal of Anagrams. At a freak dinner the heading and four items of the menu were printed in italics, with an intimation that they represented by anagram the actual dishes. They read thus: Hand me cruet. Your posset. One solid lamb. Try our steak. Steamed or tossed. What did they represent? 21. An Enigma. With both feet crossed sit on a stool, Then uncross one and find a fool. 14 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XV. A Nice Point. This picture shows a glass box, hanging from a dial which records its weight. If a bird flies into the box without alighting, does its presence increase the weight ? 22. A Paradox. Allow me, sir, to go as first, And then as number two: Then, after these, we find you are To follow, as is due. But lest you never guess this queer And hyperbolic fable, Pray let there follow, after that, Whatever may be able. 15 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XVI. Endless Chain Puszzle. The pieces of this chain as packed do not form a continuous chain. Can you repack them so that all the links correspond ? 23. Buried Animals. "Come hither, mine friend," said the monk, eyeing him kindly, "be a very good boy, step through the furze bravely, and seek the lost riches." What animals are 'buried' here, so that their names form parts of different words? Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XVII. Turning the Tables. Tom's kennel needed a new front, and his friend the young carpenter was able to make one which fitted perfectly, by cutting an old square table-top into 3 pieces. How did he make the cuts ? 24. The Busy Bookworm. (To be solved mentally.) On my bookshelf in proper order stand two volumes. Each is two inches thick over all, and each cover is an eight of an inch. How far would a bookworm have to bore in a straight line, in order to penetrate from the first page of Vol. I to the last page of Vol. II ? 25. Collard and Collard. " Music hath charms to soothe the savage beast " misquoted Mr. Funnyman, as he patted the head of his best friend's bull-dog. What was it that had caught his eye, and suggested his remark ? '17 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XVIII. Kissing Kate When this fond pair in love Drew near the garden gate, Luna then saw above Young Esau kissing Kate I How do these lines disclose the locality ? 26. A Paradox. Forsaken in some desert vast, Where never man has dwelt; Or on some lonely island cast, Unseen I still am felt. Brimful of talent, sense and wit, I nothing understand; I'm out of sight in church, but fit For temples, made by hand. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XIX. The Professor's Dilemma. The Professor received this dried snake, and, wish- ing to hang it up in smaller compass, he divided it as is shown:- .t, .0 How did he rejoin the parts so that it would hang up handily in an irregular ring, with its tail in its mouth ? 27. In the Spring. Missing Words. Through the ...... , through the vales, Softly coo the doves; But ...... blow the vernal gales That ...... youthful loves! The missing words have the same six letters. 28. The Peeler's Puzzle. Two comrades take the road to town, They both are swift itinerants; How can a peeler note them down If one wears knickers and one pants? This question, which seems to involve a delicate distinction of costume, was propounded by Dr. Bul- bous Roots, when his boys wished to design a dis- tinctive dress for football. 19 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XX. An Old Gem Reset. It chanced that three Kings and their Queens, wishing to cross a river, could only find a boat that held two persons. Being of jealous disposition, they were able to arrange their crossing so that no regal pair were to- gether on either side of the water that were not man and wife. How was this plan carried out ? A Double Tour.de-force. In a French rhyming couplet below the vowels a, e, i, o, u are each used exactly three times. Four English words, in which the vowels a, e, i, o, u are each used exactly three times, and which describe the King of birds and his pride when he, under the same conditions, said:- Me voila beau, Moi, un oiseau ! are-" 0 beautiful vain-glorious eagle I" 20 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXI. Where was this Parliament P Can you discover, from the inscribed description of the assembly, where this Parliament was held? 29. Absit omen ! The following prophecy by Peter Pessimist has reached us :- " Comes Christmas merry? Hungry birds; no bright berries; rents high, not paid ; long bills empty barns; no peace and prosperity." How can we take a brighter view before the festive season comes ? 3o. Missing Words. These ..... show ribbons gay in .....and bows, And blooms of ...... tinted ......rose; Coloured designs in ...... first are made For all our crockery ...... of our trade. Each missing word has the same six letters. 2I Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXII. Stepping Up - > -0.- How few steps need be taken on this ladder to go up and down, and up to the top, stepping twice on every step ? 31. Drop-Letter Missing Words. Rivals in ........ , jealous ..... . A ..... grave and grim propound; We . . . . into the mist that lowers, Heaven . .. the way to peace profound. One letter is dropped each time. 22 .1 "1 MU JZELA.M - 04q Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXIII. The Carpenter's Puzzle. How can the carpenter cut along the lines of this board, so as to divide it into 18 dissimilar pieces ? 32. Equivocal Verse. "Will these lines do ? " said Tom Funniboy to his mother, as he showed her an invitation he proposed to send to Jack Sobersides:- If little Jack can come to tea, I shall indeed be very glad; How truly vexed we all shall be If aught at home detains the lad I Why did Jack tear up and return without thanks the invitation ? 33. A Paradox. In darkness there was light. How can you turn this, which seems to be a paradox, into the simplest possible truth ? 23 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXIV. Olive Branches Intertwined. How many children are to be found here? 34. An Enigma. For breakfast tea and buttered toast, When taken with my first, Are excellent to satisfy Our hunger and our thirst. For dinner though no turtle soup May grace our modest table, My second, as a substitute We choose when we are able. 35. Word Anagrams. COD IS NICE, IT LURES A CAT. The letters of each sentence form, when recast, a common English word. Can you disentangle them ? Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXV. In Puzzle Land. If the first ten letters of the alphabet represent the ten digits and a cypher, but not in proper order :- can you assign the necessary figures, so that the above works out as an addition sum ? 36. A New Paradox. Without my first and second Or with my first is seen That which, when both are reckoned, Without my whole has been! I ,~-%t~i~ Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXVI. A Hard Nut. Cut this square of 64 cells into four exactly alike in size and shape :- z *~; 4 - -_ parts that are Each of these four pieces must contain within its borders one of the four numbered cells. We specially commend this puzzle to our solvers. 37. Johnson's Cat. Johnson's cat went up a tree, Which was sixty feet and three; Every day she climbed eleven, Every night she came down seven. Tell me, if she did not drop, When her paws would touch the top. 26 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXVII. A Palindrome Maze. On this diagram the palindrome sentence, "Was it a cat I saw," can be traced in a multitude of ways. Can you count them up ? R-AW ASAW WAS IT SAAW ASITATI SAW AS I T A T I S AT DV S I"T1ATCA T 1 I'S A Wf-: WA SI AT I SAW A S I iAkV WA W 38. An Old, Old Story. Sons has this ancient King, Two quiverfuls of six, Whose praise their daughters sing By sevens as they mix. Each son a page attends With cheeks at times inflated; Each daughter's life soon ends Untimely and belated. No brother sees a brother, No sister sees another; The King alone upon his throne Sees all attend their mother. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXVIII. The Target. When our artist was completing this original design for the Printers' Archery Association, he asked the members at their annual dinner which of the vowels should have its place in the middle of the target. What was their decision? % 39. An Enigma. Three-fourths of me an act display, Three-fourths a bed for man; Three-fourths have legs that cannot stray, Three-fourths have legs that can. I have a back without a spine, An arm without a bone is mine. 28 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXIX. By Rule of Thumb. How can you, in the simplest possible way, move. these cards so that, instead of the diamond, they form a magic square? The rule applies to any 9 consecutive numbers. The rule applies to any 9 consecutive numbers,$ 4o. An Enigma. To cheer all solvers can I shine Whene'er my first is writ; With this my second did combine To make a happy hit. My whole so frankly fixed in line, Find it who can, did fit. Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXX. Crescent and Cross. Can you divide this crescent into six parts, which, properly reunited, will form the cross ? Note that the top ends of the outer arc are straight lines. 41. A Seasonable Parody. An American paper published this:- There was a young damsel, oh, bless her I It cost very little to dress her; She was sweet as a rose In her everyday clothes, But she had no young man to caress her I A rival paper produced this parody: There was a young ...... . , oh, bless her! I It cost very little to dress her; Some........... and..... About Thanksgiving time, And they. . . the last bit from the ...... I Can you supply the missing words? Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXXI. Well Matohed. Place six matches thus : Can you form two diamonds by changing the position of only two of them, and then adding one match ? 42. A Novel Exercise. "Write down," said Dr. Bulbous Roots to his senior scholars, "the nine digits in such an order that the first three shall be one-third of the last three, and the central three the result of subtracting the first three from the last." Can you discover the arrangement which satisfies these conditions ? 31 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXXII. A Spelling Bee. Tom tears his jacket every day, Which makes his mother patch and sew; But she forgives his reckless play, "........ .. ....you know " The lettered buttons of our picture spell out her missing words, if duly arranged. 43. The Fob-Chain Puzzle. The coins which form this chain are pierced with 5, 4, 3, and 2 holes respectively, so that the links which join them can be shifted into various relative positions Can you calculate how many different arrangements of the coins are in this way possible, and so determine how many chains could be made without any two being exactly alike? 44. A Palindrome. DD H N NHSBSH N NHDD. This sequence of letters, when the proper vowels are inserted, will form a sentence which reads alike from either end. Can you discover it ? 32 PART II DIAGRAM AND WORD PUZZLES XXXIII. An Anagram Square. [ ...... d {A ,. Recast all these letters so that they form five fresh words, which can be arranged in the cells to read alike from top to bottom and from left to right. 33 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXXIV. Square of Magic Squares. Can you fill in the four squares, which now have each four empty cells, with the same four numbers in the same relative positions, so that each full-sized square becomes a magic square, and adds up in all directions to 34 ? 45. A Word Square, Can you complete this word square ? ESCAPE S . .. . S S. . . . T A . . . E P . . . E E S T E EM 34 Diagram and Word Puzzles XXXV. A Magio Diamond. By George Salter. Can you fill in the necessary numbers so that the square cells add up in many ways to go1909 ? 46. A Good Enigma. My first is found where wit and wine Combine to grace the festal board; My second where sad captives pine, In dungeon of some tyrant lord. My whole is ready for the doomed, Twice tried by fire ere once consumed. 35 Picture Puzzles and Enigmas XXXVI. A Novel Magic Square. By George Salter. This as it stands is a magic square which adds up to 74 in many directions. Fill the empty cells with such numbers that the whole square adds up in all ways to iii. 47. A Parody. Three - went sailing out into the West, Out into the West as the sun sank low; Each thought as she--of the lad she loved best, For they all had ---and each had a beau! But seas will rise, and spirits will sink, And they all were too ill of -- to think; So these - -- back moaning! The missing words have the same six letters. 36 o 1 00o o-o 000000 3 1OO 0 3.4 2 nOO s *9 .23300 36 Diagram and Word Puzzles XXXVII. An Anagram Square. Mix together the letters of the 8 words on this draughts board- and recast them to form 8 fresh words, which when placed in proper order on the white squares form a perfect Word Square. The first of the fresh words is CROW. 48. What is it P My first without its head and tail Is one and undivided ; My second shows its teeth, is frail, And as a rule one-sided. The two to hold my first avail, By busy toil provided. V E P R Q S T E E S and recast them to form 8 fresh words, which when placed in proper order on the white squares form a perfect Word Square. The first of the fresh words is CROW. 48. What is it P My first without its head and tail Is one and undivided; My second shows its teeth, is frail, And as a rule one-sided. The two to hold my first avail, By busy toil provided. 37 Diagram and Word Puzzles XXXVIII. Winding Ways. If I stood at A, the corner of a courtyard paved with large square stones, and proposed to walk to its corner B, keeping a course always upward or to the left, and always along the edges of the square stones, how many different routes of this sort are there from which I can take my choice? PUGNO, PUGNAS, PUGNAT, I FIGHT, THOU FIGHTEST, HE FIGHTS. Dr. Bulbous Roots, in merry mood, gave quite another meaning to the words. What was it? 38 Diagram and Word Puzzles XXXIX. Fenoing Trees. 9 0 S * * 4db Cart you, by drawing only six straight lines, enclose each of these 22 spots, so that it stands alone ? * *0 0* 5o. A Clue by Anagram. A wag, on leaving England, wrote to his friend giving ** eS 0e Can you, by drawing only six straight lines, enclose each of these zz spots, so that it stands alone ? 50. A Clue by Anagram. A wag, on leaving England, wrote to his friend giving him this address:- "I am going to 'plant onions e.t.c." What was his destination? 5. Cross Purposes. An expert in the finger alphabet, who was standing with his wife, saw a deaf and dumb friend coming along, and made signs to him to join them. The single word that he spelt out so astonished the dumb man, that he made signs of resolute refusal. What was his mistake? 39 Diagram and Word Puzzles XL. Transformation. Here is a design for a cornke, and another for a sundial:- Can you divide the plan of the cornice into 15 pieces which will fit together to form the plan of the sundial. 52. Missing Words. He .. ..... himself much on his skill To find of a safe the inside, But when he .. ..... open a till There only a . . . . . . he spied. The missing words have the same 5 letters. 53. A Cryptogram. FTHNMLKBRNGSLLCTTN LLSKMTMXTTLLTSTHN! Can you make this into a rhyming couplet by quite a simple addition to its letters? 40 Diagram and Word Puzzles XLI. Numbers Patience. As an amusing exercise of patience, try to fill the empty cells of this diagram with appropriate numbers, each consisting of two figures, so that each row across from side to side shall add up to 143. No number must be used a second time. 54. " Turn again, Whittington I" In all the pomp of .... and chains He lords it o'er the town; The .... of his hopes he gains Who . . . with half a crown. The missing words have the same letters. 55. Find Her Reply. How is it, in this charming weather, You and I can't lunch together ? 41 22 4 Diagram and Word Puzzles XLII. Anno Domini. By George Salter. Can you complete this Magic Square, so that it adds up in rows, columns and diagonals to I9Io ? 56. A Word Square. A A A I . . .1 A. . A A E L E . SE. Can you insert the necessary consonants ? 42 891 . E . . E . Diagram and Word Puzzles XLIII. Target Practice. Practising with exactly loo. my revolver at this target, I scored How many shots had I fired, and in which parts had they hit the target ? 57. A Charade. O'er distant hills the rising moon The evening mist dispersed, And beaming in the radiant sky She plainly showed my first. A horseman guided by her light Approached with headlong speed, And, as he rode, my second said To urge his flagging steed. His lady waited at the gate, Though trysting hour was past; She was my whole, because her lord Was then my third and last I Diagram and Word Puzzles XLIV. Two Straight Cuts. Can you, by two straight cuts, divide this figure into four parts, which can be reunited to form a perfect square ? 58. Missing Words. On every ... . round the room Are carved the names of former scholars, Where ...... hours I spent in gloom For failing to turn pence to dollars; While boys who still have pence to squander Munch fruit beneath the ..... trees yonder. The missing words have the same five letters. 59. A Costly Contract. How much would it cost to provide a dinner daily at five shillings a head for eight persons, so long as they could be differently arranged at table, and how often under these conditions must they meet? 6o. Find a Name Reversed. I find law so expensive that I say Leave it alone, its actions do not pay. 44 Diagram and Word Puzzles XLV. All Round the World. Can you, starting from any angle or town on this diagram, find a route which will take you to every other town once, and once only? L M The route must bring you back to the town from which you set out. St. An Enigma. Ten fish I caught without an eye, And nine without a tail; Six had no head, and half of eight I weighed upon the scale. Now who can tell me as I ask it, How many fish were in my basket ? 62. Missing Words. Let others .... for worldly wealth Whose .... is valued at a price; For me a cottage home and health, An .... and a cow suffice I The missing words have the same letters. A 45 Diagram and Word Puzzles XLVI. A Mystic Square. The following ingenious puzzle has points that will appeal to our solvers:- 6 Fill in the eight empty cells with numbers, so that the two upper rows, the two side columns, the two long diagonals, and the four short diagonals add up in each case to 18, using in no case the same figure in more than one of the cells. All the nine digits will thus be required. 63. Missing Words. Now in -- tomes the professor opined That by -- weakly he strengthened his mind. But he carried so far this observance abstemious, That it starved all the fire that -- his genius ! The missing words have the same seven letters. 64. Missing Words. Spouter was so........, his. .... .. side Was all men could ....... until he died. The missing words have the same seven letters. 46 Diagran and Word Puszzi XLVII. A Buried Sentenoe. HOUSE.(4 OEFTE R. 11 .PR INTeAvEtfHILD 9AS H fEVEAI8 h. 1A MPLE.SAD.TATTAR.ENA MATA I A KE.TACHES. HiEU5ACQ.FlCUE.5UAL. USE. 5oP. If you start with the right letter, and then take every third letter in this combination, you will extract a much quoted line of Shakespeare. Can you discover it ? 65. Missing Words. Bitter foes round ... ...... are found Who would cast them to the ground; Nests of spiteful .. ....... human ...... . lives of many a true man. 66. An Enigma. Cut me in half, and place Above what was behind, A tender plant we trace That dances in the wind. 67. A Nice Point. A shining wit pronounced of late That water in a frozen state Is like an acting magistrate. What was the quibble in his pate? 47 PART III OLD SAWS RESET AND ANAGRAM DOUBLETS Anagram Sentences. Anagram Sentences take a much higher place in the puzzle world than mere anagram words. A wide field for ingenuity is opened when it is required to recast some pithy sentence, so that the very same letters are made to spell quite another sentence which has some striking affinity to it, or to construct twin sentences, one of which leads up to or answers in some appro- priate way the other, using exactly the same letters in them both. All such anagram sentences in this book have been constructed by the Author himself for one or other of the many puzzle columns he has edited, or to which he has contributed. 48 OLD SAWS RESET By A. Cyril Pearson. "Rome was not built in a day." The same letters spell Any labour I do wants time. * A live dog is better than a dead lion." The same letters spell Be a strong aid alive, not idle death. The hoary head is a crown of glory." The same letters spell Oh fool! I how can art dye grey hairs? "Evil communications corrupt good manners." The same letters spell Gossip, vice, or common cant lured man to rmuin. 49 Old Saws Reset "What is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander." The same letters spell No choice; see, use a raw egg for this, as used for that. " When the cat's away the mice will play." The same letters spell Nay, a wily chap watches the time well. " A fool and his money are soon parted." The same letters spell O rash man, to pay one if one sold dear. " One good turn deserves another." The same letters spell Go on at need, serve others round I " Little pitchers have long ears." The same letters spell These grave lips chatter no ill. "All is not gold that glitters." The same letters spell Droll tinsel tags to gilt hat. "Time and tide wait for no man." The same letters spell A want? do it in a moment, friend I 50 Old Saws Reset ' Sweet are the uses of adversity." The same letters spell A defeat whose test is very sure. *" A contented mind is a continual feast." The same letters spell Calm in tune and tone, act on satisfied. "Many a true word is spoken in jest." The same leters spell Men joke, and so win trusty praise. SNecessity is the mother of invention." The same letters spell If very intent, then I soon scheme it so. "Out of the frying pan into the fire." The same letters spell Often, if you frighten, hotter pain. "Throw physic to the dogs !" The same letters spell Get shy with shop doctor. "Good morning, Valentine !" The same letters spell Woo me not, daring lover I 5z ANAGRAM DOUBLETS By A. Cyril Pearson. "Why is every angler ipso facto an Ananias ?" The same letters spell A liar, he Spins gay fancies to a woven yarn "Abdul Hamid Khan, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire." The same letters spell Inhuman despot that maketh Armenia bloodful. * There is raven mocking sore." The same letters spell He sits croaking " Nevermore 1" "Smartly neat coach." The same letters spell Only a scratch team I "This cuckoo has no nest." The same letters spell Its shout can shock one. "They also serve who only stand and wait." The same letters spell At hand I no loss now; very wise delay that I "All washerwomen's linen things--" The same letters spell Hang, sir, when wet on small lines. 52 Anagram Doublets "See R.N.'s giant battle ship." The same letters spell Is a best English pattern. "Undress that baby now." The same letters spell Nurse sat down by bath. "Roast Beef. Mince Pies." The same letters spell Best o' fare 1 O, spice in them I The Coronation Anagram. (Accepted by the King.) Coronation Day. Hail us, George and Mary! spells May God anoint our heads in royal grace I The Fresh Air Fund. A bitter cry from our Towns :- "Life in the drear foul streets, Where no good fresh air flows! " The call of the Country :-spelt with the same letters. "Out here win health of fields, Fir trees and gorse or flowers I" 53 PART IV TANGRAMS For some 4,00ooo years it has been a pastime in China to form all sorts of quaint figures, using only seven pieces of cardboard or flat wood, cut from a square of the shapes and sizes indicated below. A number of these have been constructed by that prince of puzzle-makers, Sam Loyd, and by his kind permission we propose to give some good specimens, such as will interest our readers, and induce some of them to try their hands at it. TAhRAM S Each letter of the word TANGRAMS (the name given to all such quaint designs) and each of the figures is formed with the broken square. 54 Tangrams On the Tiles. A Group of Cats. The Duel. 55 p Tangrams A Pair of Slippers. Football. See how they run " 56 A , Tangrams In a FParm Yard. 4) * Come to my arms In Some Frisky Bunnies. 57 Tangrams The Perambulator. On the Light Fantastic Toe. SA hunting we will go." 58 PART V A MEDLEY OF CURIOS A Fine Magic Square. By George Salter. 27 / 10 8O 12 40 7S ? 46 'r 72 Sp 2 7t 4Z 4 7 6 26 J'616~: 73 9 7 i s 6' . 24 SO & .. 2 37AS 39 13 J 18 2 15. 79 S/f 218 '66 63 49 64 69 6o 3 %' S4 19 i6 33 ,, - - ... - - - . 4 4 $'25,or) ) is, 48 549 In this beautiful Magic Square of 81 cells another Magic Square within its borders is formed by the 25 cells indicated by circles. It also contains a Magic Square of i6 cells, which is indicated by the heavier lines. 59 A Medley of Curios Shifting the Coins. This girl places ten coins so that they lie four in a row in three rows:- * 0 ** * * * Her brother, moving five rows with four in only two of these coins, forms each row thus:- do a * e0.1I' 6o A Medley of Curios A Novel Tour. This chess-board tour, which was published as a curiosity in The Strand, shows the symmetrical result of an ingenious combination of the moves of a knight and a rook. 13 60 51 1.6 1 62 68 4 20 47 46 7 32 35 34 2 21 42 43 24 25 38 39 A Winter Valentine. Thy heart is like some icy lake On whose cold brink I stand; On my sore plight sweet pity take, And lead me by the hand. Then buckle on my spirit skate Where all the ice is thin, That it may break beneath my weight, And let a lover in. The Fruit Palindrome. NO MELON, NO LEMON reads alike from either end. 6x A Medley of Curios A Circle of Circles. The sum of all numbers in any concentric circle + 12 = 360. The sum of all numbers in each radius + 12 = 360. The sum of any half circle above the double line or below it + 12 = 18o. The sum of any four adjoining numbers (taken as if in a square) + I2 = 180. The four other sets of circular spaces, with centres at A, B, C and D, each containing five spaces indicated by dots or broken lines, contain in any of their 2zo circles numbers of which the sum + i2 = 360. Proof Positive I Why is a lame dog like a blotting pad ? A lame dog is a slow pup; A slope up is an inclined plane; An ink-lined plane is a blotting-pad. A Medley of Cuios Magic Dominoes. Taking each domino as a whole number, there are very many ways in which the cells of this magic square add up to 27. Besides the usual rows, columns and diagonals, there are crosses, corners, and combined pairs to be reckoned with. Rime and Reason. By A. Cyril Pearson. For those who browse on wisdom's boughs, Grey brows are Nature's law ; While those who graze in grosser ways Grow greys around their jaw I A Paradox. By A. Cyril Pearson. It is not ever in my mind, It is not in my riddle; And nothing is on either side, And nothing in the middle I This describes the pen ONOTO. 63 A Mcdley of Curios A Model Magic Square. /34 t 12 8 144 83 )28 132 102 I33s gor 8P 67 /67 68 144 $56 163 78 1,-; i661s2 13 1l9 7l 127 1-561 4 a 2 3 27 82 42 8]2 7 i79 4s 1/8 7o / 1o 6 5 5 20/ 194 20028 .14 23 87 [t171 ' / 26 I i6 1 to I7 o 8 2o6 u6 34 40 71 Voo I s3 324 i 7 'a 4221 115 211 2 I 21y155 147) 1$4 186 y 2 J0 2 24 I 1142b 27 40 72 it s8 4 -31 13 4 3 I 9 23( 25 1 5 bt! 624 146 .16: 1 8319q6 14 22 112 22 2 12 30 43 680 g6 77382 3-2j US 8 I a2 12 92-1 1 14 141,W,-, 2,s' t1 2 2 J4 2z1 2B 2 oc0 6 -2 / 5764 q 76+ A o .22 6 /98 36 r 97 70?$ 39 166 10 17 S4 189 44 184 139 174 47 1846 & 7 9$ 107 S9 15 2 170 63 4'78 16 4161 75 1M o' Of 88 14 t1s 141 Z 143 98 121 94 1 95 .16 9 As each of the six borders is removed the remaining square is still magic, counting up to the same total in rows, columns and diagonals. Sound Sense. By A. Cyril Pearson. A pasture prime Is growing grass; When past your prime What comes to pass? A pasture prime Is pasturage; When past your prime You're past your age! 64 A Medley of Curios A Curious Optical Delusion. From "The Strand." The four letters on this diagram appear to be drawn quite crookedly, but they are in fact perfectly straight and regular. This curious illusion is due to a distraction of the eye, caused by the cross lines of the groundwork. Shot in a Pyramid. Not a Tragedy! Here is quite a simple method for determining the total number of balls built up into a solid pyramid on a square base :- Multiply the number of balls on one side of the base line by z; add 3; multiply by the number on the base line; add i; multiply again by the number on the base line; finally divide by 6. Thus, if the number on the base line is 12:- I2 X 2 + 3 = 27 27 X 12 + I =325 325 X I12 3,900 3,900 + 6 = 650 which is the number required. Q.E.D. (Quite evsiy dose.) 65 A Medley of Curios An Optical Illusion. Cut out such bars as these in a piece of stout card- board, and fix a narrow strip of the same material at the back, as is indicated, with a small fastener, on which it can be turned. When nearly upright its edges look parallel, but as it drops lower and lower the illusion that this is not so increases. Divination by Numbers. Here is a curious and quite simple method, not generally known, by which we can discover any number that is thought of. The thought-reader gives the following directions: "Add I to three times the number you have thought of; multiply the result by 3; add the number thought of; subtract 3, and tell me the remainder." This is always ten times the original number. Thus, if 6 is thought of, 6x3+I=19; 19X3=57; 57+6-3=60; and 6o+-io=6. 6f A Medley of Curios A Picture Paradox. If asked to decide at a glance the relative distances from A to B and from B to C, we should certainly judge B to C to be the longer. r g -I Tested by actual measurement they are equal. Unda Water. The familiar rigmarole :- "A NOISE ANNOYS AN OYSTER!" is explained, in similar phonetic iteration, as the result of THUNDER UNDER UNDA. (Unda is Latin for water.) Latin-English. There are many examples of Latin words or sentences, the letters of which in the same order, but divided differently, read into English. Thus the Latin disco ver has exactly the same letters as discover. We can hardly expect that there could be any con- nection in meaning between such instances, but there is one striking exception. "Non est " means, it is not; and the words "No nest" convey quite the same idea in their English form. 67 A Medley of Curios Courtship and Matrimony. Turn this picture upside down and sad reverse. you will find a By an Oxbridge Don. "'Tis an absurdity to say Women should try for a B.A., To college honours forward looking; They'd best confine themselves to cooking 1" Retort by a Girton GirL "Women should try for a B.A., To college honours forward looking; 'Tis an absurdity to say They'd best confine themselves to cooking I" 68 A Medley of Curios Economy in Ears. Here is a simple and picturesque method of depict- ing three perfect rabbits, with but three ears in all: Peter Piper's Wife. (To be articulated rapidly.) Betty bit a bit of butter, Bitter bit 1 But a better bit of batter Betty bit! A Quaint Conceit. The Capitol was saved of old By geese with noisy bill; More sage than silly, birds so bold Should have a mission still. Time was when roving on the loose, A goose would raise my dander; But now I feel each proper goose Should have her propaganda1 69 A Medley of Curios A Double Sequence. The following clever composition contains a double sequence of words, which increases a letter at a time, the same letters appearing in varied order until at last "o" culminates in thornless and " a " in restrainest. It is quite a remarkable tour.de-force. 0 lack-a-day! at eve we sat, One star had lit its lamps on high. We did not note the circling bat. Start from the stone when flitting nigh. For the strait gate of honest doubt Shut off the thrones of Love and Gain; We dreamed not, as we mourned without, That Time's swift transit shortens pain. 0 Thou, Who trainest souls to shine, Though once we craved a thornless lot, This gracious truth we now divine: The bruised reed Thou strainest not; But by restraints, that gently tame; Restrainest Passion's kindling flame. Cum grano salis! I I know Eno, you know too, Fact is we all three know. We know Eno, he knows you, You know I know Eno I Missing Words: No mean story of disaster Army notes record; He has won the day, yon master, My one star and lord! The groups of words in italics are all formed by the letters which spell monastery. 70 A Medley of Curios Quick Calculation. Few people know a very singular but simple method of calculating rapidly how much any given number of pence a day amounts to in a year. The rule is this:-Set down the given number of pence as pounds; under this place its half, and under that the result of the number of original pence multi- plied always by five. Take, for example, 7d. a day :- � s. d. 7 0 0 700 3 10 o 2 II fIO 12 II The reason for this is evident as soon as we remem- ber that the 365 days of a year may be split up into 240, 12o, and 5, and that 240 happens to be the number of pence in a pound. A Neat Trick. Place three small biscuits on the table in a row, and cover each of them with a borrowed hat. Raise each hat in turn, gravely eat the biscuit, and with appropriate patter and a suggestion of sleight of hand, replace the hat. Now undertake that the three biscuits shall be under whichever hat the audience may select. This promise is easily fulfilled by placing the chosen hat upon your head. 7' A Medley of Curios Magic Multiplication. It will interest all who study short cuts and con- trivances to know that a novice at arithmetic who has mastered simple addition and can multiply or divide by 2, but by no higher numbers, can by using all these methods, multiply any two numbers together easily and accurately. This is how it is done: Write down the numbers, say 53 and 21, divide one of them by 2 as often as possible, omitting remainders, and multiply the other by a the same number of times; set these down side by side, as in the instance given below, and wherever there is an even number on the division side, strike out the corresponding number on the multiplication side. Add up what remains on that side, and the sum is done. Thus :- 53...... 21 26...... (42) 13 ....... 84 6 ...... .(168) 3 ...... *336 I .......672 1113 which is 53 multiplied by 2x. b Vegetables by Symbol. b 1 = b raised on i on s = braised onions. s spi = turn ips = turnips. c sph = sp in a ch =spinach. 72 A Medley of Curios Shakespeare's Mantle. Ingenious cryptic efforts have been made to prove that Bacon was the author of Shakespeare's plays, but it has been reserved for us to reveal, by a convinc- ing cryptogram, the modern wearer of his mantle. The secret is disclosed by a line of capital letters shown below :- Mac B eth. Oth E 11o. Comedy of Er R ors. Merchant of Ve N ice. Coriol A nus. Midsummer Night's D R earn. Merry Wives of Win D sor. Measure for Mea S ure. Much Ado about Not H ing. Antony and Cleop A tra. All's Well that ends W ell. Mystic Figures. Very interesting and curious are the properties of the figures 142857, used in varied order but always in similar sequence, in connection with7 and 9:- 142857 X 7 = 999999 +9 = IIIiii 285714 X 7 = 1999998 + 9 = 222222 428571 X 7 = 2999997 + 9 = 333333 571428 X 7 = 3999996 + 9 = 444444 714285 X 7 = 4999995 + 9 = 555555 457142 X 7 = 5999994 + 9 = 666666 The Unanswerable Riddle. No one but the person who asks it can answer the question " If I catch a newt, why will it be a small one ?" For the reply to this riddle is " Because it is minute (my newt) I " 73 A Medley of Curios Second Sight. An ingenious method for discovering a person's age is as follows: Ask him to write down in figures the date and month of his birth. Thus if he was born on the ninth of January he would set down g91. Tell him to multiply the number thus formed by 2; then to add 5; then to multiply by 50; then to add his age last birthday, and finally to add 365. You must not see any of these figures, but when he hands to you the total you have only to subtract from it 615, and his age is revealed, and its date. Thus a person 23 years old, born on the 7th of April writes: Multiplies by 2 Adds 5 Multiplies by 50 Adds his age 74 2 148 5 153 50 7650 23 7673 Adds 365 8038 He hands these final figures to you paper, and you subtract from them 615. 8038 615 7423 on a slip of This reveals to you at a glance the date of his birth and his age, 7th day of 4th month, 231 74 A Medley of Curios Bacon's Rival. "Yes," said the village wit, as a merry party sat round the taproom fire at Stratford-on-Avon, "some wiseacres have tried to prove that Bacon wrote Shakespeare's plays, because his name can be found hidden in some of the lines. Let me show you how easily this sort of thing can be arranged to suit our fancy." Taking a piece of chalk, he wrote upon the door :- "Titus Andronicus." "All's Well that Ends Well." "The Merchant of Venice." "Coriolanus." "Cymbeline." "A Midsummer Night's Dream." "Much Ado about Nothing." "Look down the letters under d of these titles of some of Shakespeare's plays," he said, "and you will find the well-known name of one who certainly did not write them." What name did he mean? What but that of the prince of jokers, Dan Leno! To Find the Gold. Tell a person who holds a sovereign in one hand and a shilling in the other to reckon 4 for the gold and 3 for the silver. Then bid him triplewhat is in the right hand, and double what is in the left, and give you the added product. If this is an even number the gold will be in the right hand, if odd in the left. 75 A Medley of Curios How Many Pips. Here is a good and simple card trick. Ask anyone to choose three cards from a pack, and to place them face downwards on the table. Then, beginning to count with the number of pips on each card laid down, let him place other cards upon these on one heap at a time, until in every case he has counted up to 15, adding mentally as he places down each card. When he has thus completed the three heaps, take from him the remaining cards, and count them. Their number, less 4, will always be the number of pips on the three chosen cards. An ace counts ii, and a court card io. Thus if he has chosen a 7, io and ace (i) he must cap these with 8, 5 and 4 cards respectively. There will then be 32 cards left, and 32 -- 4 = z28, which is the sum of 7, io and Ii. Old Political Anagrams. GLADSTONE spells G. LEADS NOT. DISRAELI spells I LEAD SIR I Anno Domini. This Paean of an optimist, appropriate to the early months of a New Year, is constructed with absolutely the same letters as those which spell the names of the twelve months:- Burst, joybud, happy let me be, Come turn, brave year! I A grumbler's murmur I can face, Enjoy a jeer! No letter is left out or used twice. A Medley of Curios A Motor Problem. This motor problem will be new and amusing to many readers: Let m be the driver of a motor-car, working with velocity v. If a sufficiently high value is given to v, it will ultimately reach pc. In most cases v will then = o. For low values of v, pc may be neglected; but if v be large it will generally be necessary to square Pc, after which v will again assume a positive value. By a well-known elementary theorem, pc + lsd = (c)*, but the squaring may sometimes be effected by substituting xs (or x x x) for lsd. This is preferable, if lsd is small with regard to m. If lsd be made sufficiently large, pc will vanish. Now if jf be substituted for pc (which may happen if the difference between m and pc be large) the solution of the problem is more difficult. No value of lsd can be found to effect the squaring of jf, for, as is well- known, (ip') is an impossible quantity. Christmas Anagrams. " CHRISTMAS COMES BUT ONCE A YEAR. The same letters spell As Man I came to cure by the cross. So by Christ came a rescue to man. A Star to us His mercy can become. Oh! our mince-meats! cast cares by. Each must be merry at occasions. PART VI SOLUTIONS TO PICTURE PUZZLES AND ENIGMAS I. A Cataclysm. I, thy shoes in shifting, Drove a nail too hard; Thou, thy heels uplifting, Kicked me to the yard I In the description of this picture the word Smithy is buried in the end of the title and the opening of the first line. 78 Solutions II. Rum Readings. It is calculated, according to Sam Loyd, the expert American puzzle-maker, that the sentence "Red Rum and Murder " can be traced in 138,384 different directions on this magic diamond ! He includes those that start from the Iz central Rs. x. A Cryptogram. This is the solution: Disjointed I am, and puzzling too, But put me together, and then read me through No longer a puzzle shall I be to you. From this you may learn that things may appear At first sight to be very puzzling or queer, But looked at again are perfectly clear. 79 Solutions III. A Tessellated Task. This diagram shows the 40 square cells which form 4 sets of Io; in each set a different quarter is shaded, forming 4 rows with 4 similar cells in each. *. Square the Vioar. This is the complete Word Square:-= VI CAR IR ATE CANON ATONE RENEW 8o c~a Solutions IV. A Bad Boy's Dream. This picture of the bad boy's dream indicates by buried letters that he enraged the curlew at Lewes. ar the Curle I t tone y StIiJT-81-y I Arrn .y sorry. 3. A Latin Anagram. The two Latin words, spelt with the same six letters, which a scholar wrote beneath the parody on Byron's line, applied to a dead pig- "'Tis grease, but living grease no more," were Porcus: corpus (pig; dead body), which are spelt with the same letters. 4. An Enigma. The solution to the enigma- My whole is less than are the parts, Just two of which are in it; And if the rest a big D starts They tell time to a minute, is the initial letter of the word initial. This I is less than all the parts of Initial, two of which parts are not, as it seems, "in it " but in and it. The rest with a D forms Dial. Solutions V. Too Many Stripes. This shows how the American flag can be cut into two pieces and reunited, so that the 15 stripes are reduced to 13. If the lower part is moved downward and slightly to the left, the original and wider flag is reproduced. 5. Advice for a New Year. Who reineth in all pride and rage, To neither vice a prey, May hope to reach a green old age, And find therein his stay. The words in italics have the same letters. 6. An Enigma. To five a fourth of five append, One-third of one take then; Let fifty follow, and to end Affix two thirds of ten. Two-thirds of this will yield sweet sounds, The whole with perfume sweet abounds- Is solved by VIOLET. Solutions VI. Find the Rabbit. When the pot is thus replaced the white rabbit appears between the two plants and pots. 7. 1Vissing Words. Lady Bertha, the beautiful bather, one day, After swimming and diving and splashing away, Found her breath was not equal to further display. So starting for cricket, she took up her bat, When the wind found a berth 'cross the bar for her hat! The words in italics have the same letters. 8. The Charade. Round my first has ever been, Round it second must be seen, Always in my third I mean. Fourth a goddess dire and dread, Entire, or without her head. All say simply "judge between."- Is solved by Discriminate (disc, rim, in, Ate, Fate). 83 Solutions VII. Kiss and Tell I One face is to be found in the right eye, the other on the upper part of the nose, where their lips meet. g. A Fine Word Square. E S T A T E S H A V E N T A L E NT A V E R SE T E N S E P E N T E R S 84 Solutions VIII. A Picture Riddle. The core of the tree is like is furthest from the bark ! the dog's tail because it zo. At Close Quarters. One morning Chloe, to avoid the heat, Sat in a corner of a shady seat. Young Strephon, on the self-same errand bound, This fairest flower of all the garden found. Her peerless beauty set his heart aflame, Three monosyllables expressed his aim. At a respectful distance he conversed About the weather; then became immersed In other topics, lessening the while The space between them, heartened by her smile. The same three simple words, now joined in one, Expressed their happy state at set of sun. Is solved by To get her, together. 85 Solutions IX. By the Canal. This is the way to win-, Go first and lead your moke, For if you baste his skin Resistance you provoke. The position here is explained by the word "towing," formed by to win and the g of go. ii. The Buried Poets. The eight names of British poets, buried in these eight lines: The sun is darting rays of gold Upon the moor, enchanting spot, Whose purple heights, by Ronald loved, Up open to his shepherd cot. And sundry denizens of air Are flying, aye each to his nest; And eager make at such an hour All haste to reach the mansions blest, Are-Gray, Moore, Byron, Pope, Dryden, Gay, Keats and Hemans. 86 Salutions X. Addition by Intuition. This eccentric addition is justified when it is held up to a looking-glass. c3 14o 34 It then reads thus: NINE ONE EIGHT EIGHTEEN 12. Boat Race Oracle. The mystic lines- Go, lad, be bold, fix a trim crew, See the dread Oracle deal! when recast by anagram, yield the true prediction :- " Oxford will Cambridge beat, Or else declare dead heat 1" as the first line is ambiguous. I3. The Paradox. Though never present, I appear Of perfect form a token; And all that centres round my ear Is heard but never spoken, Is solved by Heard. Solutions XI. Where was it P The scene depicted here :- BRIGHAM LED ANYTHING BUT A HAPPY LIFE HERE I was in Utah, which is 'buried' in the description given. 14. The Ancient Paradox. A laden horse can draw a greater weight up the shaft of a mine than a horse with no burden, for the load holds him more firmly to the ground. 15. The Floral Charade. My first must be below the ground To do its proper duty; Within my second may be found Chaps that can boast no beauty, Some cottage garden holds the two combined, Old-fashioned emblem of a candid mind. Is solved by Honesty (below the razor; bacon) Solutions XII. Where was it P The sentence at the foot of this picture shows that IASLS_' . the scene was in "Sing Sing" Prison, as those letters are "buried" in it. 16. A Surfeit of Bridge. The circle of twenty-one friends who arranged to meet each week five at a time for Bridge so long as exactly the same party did not meet more than once, and who wished to hire a central room for this purpose, would need it for no less than 20,349 weeks, or more than 390 years to carry out their plan. 17. Anagram Grammar. The fact that the letters of "potatoes" spell also 0 stop at sel teach us that the singular is "potato" without an e. 89 Solutions XIII. Tobogganing. How can a dangerous pastime find, So many to its risks inclined ? Canada is the locality 'buried' in these lines. x8. Fill in the Gaps. The imperfect sentence:- A DEN I I CAN DOCK. is completed by inserting M five times thus:- MADMEN MIMIC AND MOCK. xg. A Wateh Puzzle. There are 143 positions on the face of a watch in which the places of the hour and minute hands can be interchanged, and still indicate a possible time. There would be 144 such positions but for the fact that at twelve o'clock the hands occupy the same place. 90o Solutions XIV. The Cloven Skull. The dotted lines on this picture divides the dog's head into two similar parts. 20. A Meal of Anagrams. Hand me cruet. Your fosset. One solid lamb. Try our steak. Steamed or tossed. Represent by anagram- The Menu Card. Oyster Soup. Roast Turkey. Boiled Salmon. Dressed Tomatoes. 21x. The Enigma. With both feet crossed, sit on a stool, Then uncross one and find a fool. Is solved by Fool (the t of loot uncrossed I). 91 Solutions XV. A Nice Point By the beating of its wings a pressure equal to the weight of the bird, and enough to uphold it, is trans- mitted to the bottom of the case by the cushion of supporting air, so that the weight is increased to that extent, if we disregard the difference between the weight of the bird and of the air it has displaced. 22. The Paradox. Allow me, sir, to go as first, And then as number two: Then, after these, we find you are To follow, as is due. Is solved by Measurable. But lest you never guess this quer And hyperbolic fable, Pray let there follow, after that, Whatever may be able. no Solutions XVI. Endless Chain Puzzle. This diagram shows how to repack the 13 pieces of chain, so that they run on continuous links. Each ring is now part of a continuous chain. 23. The Buried Animals in: "Come hither, mine friend," said the monk, eyeing him kindly, " be a very good boy, step through the furze bravely, and seek the lost riches," Are Ermine, Monkey, Beaver, Zebra, Ostrich. 93 Solutions XVII. Turning the Tables. These diagrams show how the young carpenter con- verted the square top of a table into the front of a dog kennel, in only 3 cuts. 24. The Busy Bookworm. In attempting to solve this question mentally no one seems to realise the fact that, when two volumes stand in proper order on the shelf, the first and the last pages of the set are not at either end, but in the middle, and only separated by the thickness of the two inside covers, one quarter of an inch! 25. Collard and Collard. It was a brass band round the dog's neck that suggested the misquotation I 94 Solutions XVIII. Kissing Kate! When this fond pair in love Drew near the garden gate, Luna then saw above Young Esau kissing Kate! The word A thens, buried in ' Luna then saw,' deter- mines the locality. 26. The Paradox. Forsaken in some desert vast, Where never man has dwelt; Or on some lonely island cast, Unseen, I still am felt. Brimful of talent, sense and wit, I nothing understand; I'm out of sight in church, but fit For temples, made by hand Is solved by A felt hat. 95 Solutions XIX. The Professor's Dilemma. This is how he was able to reunite the parts, so that he could hang the snake up handily with its tail in its mouth: 27. In the Spring. Through the forest, through the vales, Softly coo the doves; But softer blow the vernal gales That foster youthful loves ! The words in italics have the same six letters. 28. The Peeler's Puzzle. Two comrades take the road to town, They both are swift itinerants; How can a peeler note them down If one wears knickers and one pants ? Is solved by A Cyclist and his Dog (which pants). 96 Solutions XX. An Old Gem Reset. This shows how they crossed the river: Li LI LI GD DLI LID LID DLJ GD GD DLI Li] 97 OD 0 11 i;- Solutions XXI. Where was this Parliament P This parliament was held at Albany, as this place is 'buried' in the inscription. 29. The prophecy of Peter Pessimist can be reversed in its meaning if we read it backwards, when it runs: "Prosperity and peace; no barns empty; bills long paid; not high rents; berries bright; no birds hungry; merry Christmas comes." 30. Missing Words. These plates show ribbons gay in pleats and bows, And blooms of petals tinted Palest rose; Coloured designs in pastel first are made For all our crockery, staple of our trade. Each word in italics has the same letters. 98 Solutions XXII. Stepping up! Nineteen steps suffice to go up this ladder and down and up to the top, stepping twice on every step. L First mount step I, then go back to the ground, and continue step by step thus: I 2 3 2 3 4 5 4 5 6 7 6 7 8 9 8 9. 31. Drop Letter Missing Words. The drop-letter lines are solved thus: Rivals in prowess, jealous powers, A poser grave and grim profound; We pore into the mist that lowers, Heaven ole the way to peace profound I The same letters run through the words in italics but one is dropped each time. 99 Solutions XXIII. The Carpenter's Puzzle. This is the way in which the carpenter cut the board into 18 pieces, of which no two were alike. 32. Equivocal Verse. When his mother had approved of the lines, Tom, on mischief bent, reversed the position of lines 2 and 3, so that the invitation ran- If little Jack can come to tea How truly vexed we all shall be; I shall indeed be very glad If aught at home detains the lad I 33. A Paradox. The seeming paradox " In darkness there was light ", may be interpreted from a puzzle point of viewv to mean. "In the beginning darkness before there was light." IoO Solutions XXIV. Olive Branches Intertwined. Seven children are represented here. 34. An Enigma. For breakfast tea and buttered toast, When taken with my first, Are excellent to satisfy Our hunger and our thirst. For dinner though no turtle soup May grace our modest table, My second, as a substitute We choose when we are able. Is solved by Hammock. 35. Word Anagrams. The letters which spell- COD IS NICE, IT LURES A CAT, spell also the words- COINCIDES, ARTICULATES. 10I Solutions XXV. In Puzzle Land. 4I This is how the sum works out:-- 96327 85014 z 8 1, 3 4 I 36. A New Paradox. Without my first and second Or with my first is seen That which, when both are reckoned, Without my whole has been! Is solved by Without. 102 Solutions XXVI. A Hard Nut. This diagram shows how curiously the 64 cells may be cut into four parts, exactly alike in shape and size: 0 ** (o xx XX*0 �~ "o�x. *- x ,,e 0 Xe (D (D 0 Xe0 0000 o~x et Each piece contains one of the numbered cells. 37. Johnsen's Cat is solved thus :-As each day and night the cat climbed up eleven feet, and came down seven, the daily upward gain was four feet, and thirteen days would bring her fifty-two feet up the tree. Then on the fourteenth day she mounted the remaining eleven feet, and was at the top, so that no coming down seven feet is to be taken into account, and she attains her place in fourteen days. 103 Solutions XXVII. A Palindrome Maze. Sam Loyd, the American puzzle-master, tells us that the words "Was it a cat I saw" can be traced on this diagram in 63,584 different directions 1 iAS j A SiTT1SA jAS I TACATIISAA MA SAAW WIA The sentence reads alike from either end. 38. The Old, Old Story. Sons has this ancient King, Two quiverfuls of six, Whose praise their daughters sing By seven as they mix. Each son a page attends With cheeks at times inflated; Each daughter's life soon ends Untimely and belated. No brother sees a brother, No sister sees another; The King alone upon his throne Sees all attend their mother. Is solved by the sun and moon and the year with its months, weeks and days. 1o4 Solutions XXVIII. The Target. All this arrangement merely cloaks a catch. The answer to the question "Which vowels should be in the middle of the target" must be A, the central letter of those two words! 39. The Enigma. Three-fourths of me an act display, Three-fourths a bed for man; Three-fourths have legs that cannot stray, Three-fourths have legs that can. I have a back without a spine, An arm without a bone is mine. Is solved by Coat. o10 Solutions XXIX. By Rule of Thumb, To form a magic square with these cards, now set in a diamond, A. r4-~ I~I 14.11 + F:]a change the places of the upper and lower, and of the two side numbers, and then draw all into a square. Any 9 consecutive numbers can be placed and treated thus. 40. The Enigma. To cheer all solvers can I shine Whene'er my first is writ; With this my second did combine To make a happy hit. My whole so frankly fixed in line, Find it who can, did fit. Is solved by Candid. io6 Solutions XXX. Crescent and Cross. This shows how the crescent can be divided into six parts, and reunited to form a cross. The star section is inverted. Each outer end of the crescent is straight. 41. The Seasonable Parody. Of the verse- There was a young damsel-oh, bless her I It cost very little to dress her; She was sweet as a rose In her every day clothes, But she had no young man to caress her f The parody is completed thus: There was a young turkey-oh, bless her I It cost very little to dress her; Some breadcrumbs and thyme About Thanksgiving time, And they ate the last bit from the dressed 107 Solutions XXXI. Well Matched. This is the pretty way to form two diamonds by moving two matches of the original figure, and adding one match. This excellent little puzzle with matches never fails to prove difficult, as those who try to solve it naturally expect two straight and separate diamonds are to be formed, not two adjacent and slanting ones. 42. A Novel Exercise. When Dr. Bulbous Roots asked his scholars to write down the nine digits in such order that the first three are one-third of the last three, and the central three the result of substracting the first three from the last, his solution was- 219, 438, 657. which exactly fulfils the conditions. xo8 Solutions XXXII. A Spelling Bee. In connection with this picture the letters omitted, when duly arranged, spell out the words in italics:- Tom tears his jacket every day, Which makes his mother patch and sew; But she forgives his reckless play; "Boys will be boys, you know !" 43. The Fob-chain Puzzle. According to Sam Loyd, no less than 92,160 differ- ent fobchains could be made with these coins pierced with 5, 4, 3, and 2 holes respectively. The largest coin could be suspended from any of its 5 holes, with either side to the front. These zo positions multiplied by those of the next coin give 8o changes. Carrying out this principle, 3,840 changes are arrived at; and, remembering that 24 different arrangements of the four coins in their row are possible, 3,840 X 24= 92,160. 44. The Palindrome, DID HANNAH SEE BEES? HANNAH DID, reads alike from either end. x log PAR T VII SOLUTIONS TO DIAGRAM AND WORD PUZZLES XXXIII. An Anagram Square. .- . 1 . ,~e ?~e. tz e."f The letters in these 25 cells have been recast, so that they form a word-square which reads alike from top to bottom and from left to right. lUs Solutions XXXIV. Square of Wagie Squares. This diagram shows how the central cells must be filled in, so that the same numbers and arrangement completes each magic square. 45. A Word-Square. This is the completed word-square- ESCAPE STOVES CO V E R T A V E N U E P E R U S E E S T E E M It reads alike from top to bottom and right. from left to // 6 & //14 3 . 7./ . - o 11 r774z E llm LL4.,8 161L83 Solutions XXXV. A Magic Diamond. By George Salter. This is the completed diamond :- It adds up in all directions to g19og9. 46. A Good Enigma. My first is found where wit and wine Combine to grace the festal board; My second where sad captives pine, In dungeon of some tyrant lord. My whole is ready for the doomed, Twice tried by fire ere once consumed. Is solved by Toast Rack. 112 Solutions XXXVI. A Novel Magio Square. By George Salter. This is the completed square:- 2.33 Now that the cells of the double cross are filled in it adds up in all ways III. 47. The Parody. Three ladies went sailing out into the West, Out into the West as the sun sank low; Each thought as she sailed of the lad she loved best, For they all had ideals, and each had a beau I But seas will rise, and spirits will sink, And they all were to ill of ideals to think; So these ladies sailed back moaning I The words in italics have the same letters. r3 Solutions XXXVII. An Anagram Square This is the solution- Exactly the same letters have been used, and recast to form the fresh words which make this word-square. 48. What is it P My first without its head and tail Is one and undivided; My second shows its teeth, is frail, And as a rule one-sided. The two to hold my first avail, By busy toil provided. Is solved by Honey-comb. zz4 Solutions XXXVIII. Winding Ways. This diagram shows the number of different routes, in courses always upward and to the left, from A to B, or to any intermediate corner : The number of routes from A to B can also be determined by the following formula: Multiply 9, io, II, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 together, and divide the result by I X 2 X3X4 X 5 X6X7X8. 49. For Schoolboys. Dr. Bulbous Roots translated- PUGNO, PUGNAS, PUGNAT. thus- WITH FIST BATTLES HE FIGHTS. Xz5 7- 44i iT3 46 a1 30 VO 5 * ~~~~-6 o- r�-... - -- a ~ /*I e& 7 4f A Solutions XXXIX. Fencing Trees. This diagram shows how the 22 spots can be fenced off by only six straight lines, so that each stands alone. 50. A Clue by Anagrams. The wag who gave the clue to his address on leaving England- " I am going to plant onions e.t.c." was starting for Constantinople, which is spelt with those letters. 5. Cross Purposes. When the expert in finger-talk made signs to his deaf and dumb friend to join him and his wife, he used the single word " Hither!" and this, owing to an unintended pause in the word, the deaf and dumb man took to be "Hit her ! " Iz6 Solutions XL. Transformation. This diagram shows how the cornice can be divided into 15 pieces, which will fit together to form a plan for the sundial: 52. Missing Words. He prides himself much on his skill To find of a safe the inside, But when he prised open a till There only a spider he spied. The words in italics have the same letters. 53. A Cryptogram. This cryptogram is solved by inserting the letter i as often as is needed to complete this couplet :- IF THIN MILK BRINGS ILLICIT TIN I'LL SKIM IT MIX IT TILL IT'S THIN I II1 Solutions XLI. Numbers Patience. Here are the cells in the diagram of our numbers patience so filled with two-figure numbers, that each of the rows from side to side adds up to 143, and each cell contains a different number. 54. Turn again, Whittington I In all the pomp of mace and chains He lords it o'er the town; The acme of his hopes he gains Who came with half a crown. The words in italics have the same letters. 55. Her Reply. Though I in time for lunch may be, U cannot come till after T. z18 17 -30- _41 31 24 18Of 32 13 46 34 11 12 A4 50 56 5) J 9 .42 ) 6 1 5 22 2135 45 20 Solutions XLII. Anno Domini. This is the completed Magic square:- It now adds up in all rows, columns and diagonals to g19io. 56. A Word Square. The completed Word Square is- RASCAL ACTI VE S T A G E S C I G A R S A V E R S E L E S S EN zz9 Solutions XLIII. Target Practiee. The score of exactly ioo on this target- was made in six shots, two of which were upon the 16, and four upon the 17. 57. The Charade. O'er distant hills the rising moon The evening mist dispersed, And beaming in the radiant sky She plainly showed my first. A horseman guided by her light Approached with headlong speed, And, as he rode, my second said To urge his flagging steed. His lady waited at the gate, Though trysting hour was past; She was my whole, because her lord Was then my third and last I Is solved by Disconsolate. I20 Solutions XLIV. Two Straight Guts. These diagrams show how, by two straight cuts the stepped diamond can be divided into four parts which will form a perfect square. 58. Missing Words. On every panel round the room Are carved the names of former scholars, Where penal hours I spend in gloom For failing to turn pence to dollars; While boys who still have pence to squander Munch fruit beneath the plane trees yonder. The words in italics have the same letters. 59. A Costly Contract. It would cost �80,640 to provide a daily dinner for eight persons at five shillings a head, as long as they could be differently arranged at table; and the necessary time would be about iio} years! 6o. A Name Reversed. In the lines- I find law so expensive that I say Leave it alone, its actions do not pay- the name Oswald is reversed. T2 Solutions XLV. All Round the World. Starting from any angle or town on this diagram, to visit every other town once, and once only, and to return to our starting point- Q M K N D J CE o SF H pY A U we may take either of these two courses:- FBAUTPONCDEJKLMQRSHGF, or FBAUTSRKLMQPONCDEJHGF. The arrangement is cyclical, and the route can be begun at any point by transferring the proper number of letters from one end to the other. 6x. An Enigma. Ten fish I caught without an eye, And nine without a tail; Six had no head, and half of eight I weighed upon the scale. Now who can tell me, as I ask it, How many fish were in my basket ? Is solved by O. 62. Missing Words. Let others care for worldly wealth Whose race is valued at a price; For me a cottage home and health, An acre and a cow suffice! The words ip italics have the same letters. 122 Solutions XLVIVL A Mystic Square. The two upper rows, the two side colums, the long diagonals and the short diagonals add up in each case to 18, while the same figure never appears in two cells. All the nine digits thus appears one of them only in each cell. 63. Missing Words. Now in editing tomes the professor opined That by dieting weakly he strengthened his mind. But he carried so far this observance abstemious, That it starved all the fire that ignited his genius 1 The words in italics have exactly the same letters. 64. Missing Words. Spouter was so verbose, his observe side Was all men could observe until he died. The words in italics have the same letters. 123 3+3 4+4 Solutions XLVII. A Buried Sentence. If you start with the first T in this combination of words, and then take every third letter- IeusU3eplEAiFTElf. 1NoPRteAnten1so JAJH.JLEVE,et(N }lMPLE.3ADITAT TANRENA: MATAG(VIETAlS. you will extract the quotation from Shakespeare's King Henry VI., " Thrice is he armed that hath his quarrel just." just." 65. Missing Words. Bitter foes round thrones are found Who would cast them to the ground; Nests of spiteful hornets human Shorten lives of many a true man. 66. An Enigma. Cut me in half, and place Above what was behind, A tender plant we trace That dances in the wind. M Is solved by M I E,-, an em on e, the wind flower I E 67. A Nice Point. A shining wit pronounced of late That water in a frozen state Is like an acting magistrate. What was the quibble in his pate ? Is solved by Justice (just ice). I24 This book is a preservation facsimile produced for the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. It is made in compliance with copyright law and produced on acid-free archival 60# book weight paper which meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (permanence of paper). Preservation facsimile printing and binding by Northern Micrographics Brookhaven Bindery La Crosse, Wisconsin 2013