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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

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HISTORICAL SKETCH

UNION COLLEGE

[ NOW A BRANCH OF UNION UNIVERSITY. ]

FOUNDED AT SCHENECTADY, N. Y ., FEBRUARY 25, 1795.

Prepared in compliance with an invitation from the Commissioner of the

Bureau of Education, representing the Department of the Interior

in matters relating to the National Centennial of 1876.

.WASHINGTON:

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
I 876.

F: (8 .

; ' *
HISTORICAL SKETCH

UNION COLLEGE

[ NOW A BRANCH OF UNION UNIVERSITY. ]

FOUNDED AT SCHENECTADY, N. Y., FEBRUARY 25, 1795.

Prepared in compliance with an invitation from the Commissioner of the

Bureau of Education^ representing the Department of the Interior

in matters relating to the National Centennial of 1876.

WASHINGTON:

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE,

18,76.

PREFATORY.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,

BUREAU OF EDUCATION,
Washington, D. C., January 27, 1876.
This summary of the history of Union College is sent out
as a specimen of the work being done in preparation for the
Centennial of 1876, and as covering the leading points of in-
quiry embraced in a series of circulars issued from the Bureau
of Education, inviting the co-operation of colleges and uni-
versities in the attempt to collect a full series of statistical and
historical materials for this occasion. The returns will be
aggregated in general tables, and, under the direction of Dr.
Franklin B. Hough, of this Bureau, such generalizations and
illustrations will be prepared with a view to publication in a
final report, as the materials may warrant.

JOHN EATON,

Commissioner.

158579

UNIVERSITY

UNION COLLEGE.

ORGANIZATION AND EARLY HISTORY.

The only college within the colony of New York before
the Revolution was King's College, of New York City, which
was re-organized soon after the peace as Columbia College.
The rapid growth of settlements toward the north and west
had suggested to thoughtful minds the pressing need of some
institution for superior instruction at a convenient point in
the interior, and this idea of central accommodation for all
interests, not many years later, led to the removal of the State
capital to Albany.

Even in the midst of the Revolution we find the project of
a college at Schenectady seriously entertained,* but it did
not gain sufficient strength to secure actual existence until

* From a manuscript in the New York State Library, (Clinton Papers,
No. 3467,) it appears that, in compliance with petitions circulated in 1779,
a project was started for the incorporation of Clinton College at Schenec-
tady. The preamble of the charter as then proposed is as follows :

"Whereas a great number of respectable inhabitants of the counties
of Albany, Tryon, (Montgomery,) and Charlotte, (Washington,) taking
into consideration the great benefit of a good education, the disadvan-
tages they labor under for want of the means of acquiring it, and the loud
call there now is, and no doubt will be in a future day, for men of learn-
ing to fill the several offices of church and state, and looking upon the
town of Schenectady in every respect the most suitable and commodious
seat for a seminary of learning in this State, or perhaps in America, have
presented their humble petition to the governor and legislature of this
State, earnestly requesting that a number of gentlemen may be incor-
porated in a body politic who shall be empowered to erect an academy or

6 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

some years after the peace. A project like this is seldom dis-
cussed without exciting local interests, and before the choice
fell upon the quiet old Dutch town on the Mohawk, the
claims of Poughkeepsie, Albany, and Waterford were strongly
urged as suitable points for the establishment of a college in
the interior, but not to the extent of dividing the effort which
was for the common benefit of all.

A beginning in literary life at Schenectady was made in
the formation of an association for mental improvement and
debate in 1793, and on the 29th of January, 1793, a clas-
sical and scientific school was incorporated by the regents of
the university under the name of "The Trustees of the

college in the place aforesaid, to hold sufficient funds for its support, to
make proper laws for its government, and to confer degrees."

The feature of this charter (which never passed the seals) most worthy
of notice is, that it contemplated the creation of a corporate body by an
executive act, therein following the colonial precedents. Seven years
later the regents of the university were created in- nearly their present
form, and empowered to grant charters to colleges and academies. The
proposed corporators of Clinton College were : Eliphalet Ball, Barent
Vrooman, Thomas Romaine, John Rodgers, Eilardus Westerlo, Daniel
Gross, John Livingston, Alexander Miller, Philip Schuyler, James Duane,
Robert R. Livingston, Abraham Ten Broeck, Abraham Yates, jr., Robert
Yates, Levi Pauling, Dirck Brinckerhoff, Isaac Vrooman, Christopher
Yates, John Cuyler, Henry Glen, Jacobus Teller, Hugh Mitchell, An-
drew McFarlan, Abraham Oothoudt, Dirck Van Ingen, James Gordon,
Robert Van Rensselaer, Pieter Vrooman, Peter Waggoner, jr., and Ebe-
nezer Clark, of the State of New York ; Ashley, of New Hamp-
shire, and Timothy Edwards, of Massachusetts. The annual income of
funds was to be limited to ^3,000 sterling,' and the president must be of
the Protestant Reformed faith. The journals of the legislature show that
the petitions upon which this project was founded were signed by 850
inhabitants of Tryon and Albany counties, and by 140 of Charlotte
County. It is reasonable to supppse that this early attempt was not en-
tirely abortive, since it must have created a general impression that a
college would some day be established in the interior, and that Schenec-
ady would be a proper site.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 7

Academy in the Town of Schenectady."* A building was
erected on the northwest corner of what are now Union
and Ferry streets,! and in 1793 a school was opened under
the care of Col. John Taylor, of New Jersey. This academy
appears to have been conducted with much ability, and
being well sustained by the community in which it was
planted, became the germ of the college, which, fifteen years
before, had been an object of earnest effort and active dis-
cussion; nor can we doubt that through these years of
hope deferred the favorite thought was cherished, until the
plan was fully realized.

The legislature having vested in the regents of the univer-
sity the right of granting college charters, a memorial was
addressed to that board by the trustees of the academy,
which led to the granting of a charter to twenty-four persons
therein named, and their successors, under the title of "The
Trustees of Union College in the Town of Schenectady, in
the State of New York." f They were empowered to hold

* In this early effort the Rev. Dirck Romeyn, pastor of the Reformed
Dutch church at Schenectady, deserves honorable mention. He had
much at heart the founding of a college under the patronage of his own
denomination, as proposed in the movement of I779~'8o. He was pastor
at this place twenty years, and died April 16, 1804.

t This building was of brick, two stories in height, about 50 by 30
feet on the ground, and cost about $3,000. It was used as the first and
only building for Union College until 1804.

JThe first trustees were Robert Yates, Abraham Yates, jr., Abraham
Ten Broeck, Goldsbrow Banyar, John V. Henry, George Merchant,
Stephen Van Rensselaer, John Glen, Isaac Vrooman, Joseph C. Yates,
James Shuter, Nicholas Veeder, James Gordon, Beriah Palmer, Samuel
Smith, Henry Walton, Ammi Rodgers, Aaron Condict, Jacobus V. C.
Romeyn, James Cochran, John Frey, D. Christopher Pick, Jonas Platt,
and Jonas Coe. Of these seven resided in Albany, six in Schenectady, three
in Ballston, and in Saratoga, Troy, Kinderhook, Palatine, Herkimer, and
Whitestown, N. Y., and Hackensack, N. J., one each.

Originally there were no State officers holding ex officio as trustees ;

8 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

an estate with an income of $13,333^, were vested with the
usual powers of a college, and were empowered to fill vacan-
cies in their board by election of the remaining members.
The trustees of the academy were, a few days after, allowed
to vest their property in the college.*

The name " Union College " was given as expressing the
intention of uniting all religious sects in a common interest
for the common good by offering equal advantages to all,
with preference to none. It was designed to found an
institution upon the broad basis of Christian unity, and this
idea has ever since been faithfully followed in the spirit of
the original intention, no particular religious denomination
having at any time claimed or attempted to control its
management, or to influence the choice of trustees or
faculty. It is believed that this was the first college in
the United States not confessedly denominational in its
character.

but under an act passed March 30, 1805, the charter was amended by the
regents, March 29, 1806, by reducing the number to twenty-one, and
adding the chancellor, justices of the supreme court, secretary of state,
comptroller, treasurer, attorney-general, and surveyor-general, by virtue
of their civil offices. The constitution of 1821, by reducing the number
of the judges, made further vacancies, which, by an act passed February 14,
1823, were to be filled by the governor and lieutenant-governor. The
constitution of 1846, by abolishing some of the above offices, required
further changes, and the ex-officio trustees are now the governor, lieutenant-
governor, attorney-general, secretary of state, comptroller, and treas-
urer.

*Act of April 6, 1795, allowing the trustees of the academy to con-
vey, and those of the college to accept, upon which the corporate powers
of the former ceased. From the regents' records it appears that the
academy received two apportionments from the literature fund, one of
$310, in 1793, and the other of $400, in 1794.

The chronicles of the day record that the event of receiving a college
charter was celebrated by great rejoicing, with the ringing of bells, dis-
play of flags, bonfiies, and a general illumination.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 9

The college was organized on the igth of October, by
the election of the Rev. John Blair Smith, D.D., of Phila-
delphia, as president;* John Taylor, A.M., as professor of
mathematics and natural philosophy; and the Rev. Andrew
Yates, as professor of Latin and Greek languages.

The first commencement was held in May, 1797, and the
first degree conferred upon three young men who had
finished the course of study then required. This was an
occasion of signal and novel interest to all the country
around, and drew together a large and enthusiastic audience. t

Dr. Smith was succeeded by the Rev. Jonathan Edwards,
D.D.,1 who died in 1801, and was followed by the Rev.
Jonathan Maxcy, D.D., who resigned in 1804.

Although frequent changes are generally adverse to pros-

* Dr. Smith was a son of Rev. Robert Smith, a Presbyterian clergy-
man of Pequa, Pa., and was born June 12, 1756. He was graduated at
Princeton, in 1773; studied theology with his brother, the Rev. Samuel
Stanhope Smith, president of the Hampden Sidney College in Virginia,
where, in 1779, he succeeded as principal. In December, 1791, he was
installed over the Third Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, to which
charge he returned after leaving Union College, and died there August
22, 1 799, aged 43 years.

tThe first commencement exercises were held in the old Reformed
Dutch Church, which continued to be the only place for these occasions
during many years. Afterward the Presbyterian Church was used on
alternate years, and this custom still prevails. The old Dutch Church was
replaced in 1814 by a building burned in 1861, and this has since been
rebuilt, in beautiful architectural style, rendering it peculiarly well adapted
to commencement exercises.

\ Mr. Edwards was born at Northampton, Mass., May 26, 1745, O.S.,
and was the second son of the Rev. Jonathan Edwards, afterward presi-
dent of the College of New Jersey. He was graduated in 1765, and, after
serving as tutor and professor, he took charge of a church at New Haven,
Conn., in 1769, and at Colebrook, Conn., in 1796. He died at Schenec-
tady, August I, 1801.

Mr. Maxcy was born in Attleborough, Mass., September 2, 1768;
was graduated at Brown University in 1787, appointed professor of.

10 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

perity, and although the college was still feeble, it was not
without enterprise. Under the presidency of Dr. Edwards,
a new edifice was begun, on a scale magnificent for that day
and still one of the finest and best-built .in the city. An
event, however, occurred in 1804 which proved to be of
peculiar advantage to the institution, and from which its suc-
cess may be justly dated. This event was the choice of the
Rev. Eliphalet Nott,* as president. Mr. Nott was then a

divinity in 1791, and in 1792 became pastor of the First Baptist Church
in Providence. Upon leaving Union College he went to South Carolina,
as president of the South Carolina College at Columbia, S. C., and re-
mained till his death, June 4, 1820, aged 52 years. A monument is
erected to his memory on the college campus of the University of South
Carolina, at Columbia, S. C.

* Dr. Nott was born at Ashford, Conn., June 25, 1773; received his
first degree in the arts at Brown University in 1793, having gained his
education under circumstances of peculiar difficulty; studied theology
with the Rev. Joel Benedict, of Plainfield, Conn., and, in 1796, became
pastor of a church, and teacher of a classical school at Cherry Valley, N. Y.
His talents soon gained kim a call to the Presbyterian church in Albany,
where he remained until 1804. His wider opportunities there found a
congenial field for the display of the extraordinary powers of pulpit elo-
quence, which he possessed, and while in this office he made perhaps the
most fortunate effort of his life, in a sermon on the death of Hamilton at
the hand of Burr.. From this time he was looked upon as one of the rising
powers of the age, and he was soon after chosen president of Union Col-
lege, with which institution his name was ever after closely identified.
He held this office with distinguished success the unbroken term of sixty-
two yearSi During this long course of years, nearly four thousand stu-
dents received their diplomas, and entered upon the active duties of life,
becoming, in their turn, as talent and opportunity favored, centers of
influence and very many of them distinguished ornaments to society in
every field of honorable ambition and noble achievement. The powers
of a life devoted to active mental labors gradually yielded to the infirm-
ities of age, until terminated by death on the 29th day of January, 1866.

Had Dr. Nott given his time and energies to scientific discovery and
business management, he would have doubtless won both wealth and
honors in ample degree. His inventive genius applied to the construe-

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. II

young clergyman of Albany, known at the time as an elo-
quent and effective public speaker of dignified and courteous
manners and distinguished learning, but not as yet known
for that talent in the education of young men which this
election gave him the opportunity to exercise and which has
scarcely been surpassed in the history of any American
college. Endowed by nature with a keen perception of
character, a discriminating judgment in developing latent
talent, a dignity of manners commanding both love and
respect, a facility in * governing young men, wherein the
secret lay in teaching them to govern themselves, and
a zeal and earnestness in the discharge of every duty, he
acquired and held, through a long and active life, a com-
manding position as an educator which was felt and ac-
knowledged throughout the country.

Dr. Nott found the college wanting both means and stu-
dents. The inhabitants of Schenectady had proposed an
endowment of $30,000 in lands, obligations, and money; but
the largest subscription was only $250, the next $100, and
the total sum altogether, from sources other than direct gift of
the State, but $42,043.74. Some grants were made by the
State in years as below specified.* The building begun

tion of stoves for burning mineral coal led to the first great success in this
line of useful discovery, and his plans for the improvement of steam
navigation proved the soundness of his philosophical reasoning and his
distinguished ability as an inventor.

*Act of April 9, 1795, for books and apparatus $3, 750 oo

Act of April 1 1, 1 796, for buildings 10, ooo oo

Act of March 30, 1 797, for salaries during two years i, 500 oo

Act of March 7, 1800, for completion of building 10, ooo oo

Act of March 7, 1800, ten lots of 550 acres each, in the mil-
itary tract, for support of president and professors 43, 483 93

Act of April 8, 1801, and April 3, 1802, sale of garrison
lands near Lake George 9, 378 20

Total State grants before 1804 78, 1 12 13

12 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

under Dr. Edwards's presidency was still unfinished, and the
college was burdened with a heavy debt.*

The means that had been provided were, of course,
quite inadequate to the wants of a prosperous college, and
to supply the needed endowment recourse was had to an
expedient now forbidden by a better public sentiment, but
then deemed proper for raising funds in aid of every relig-
ious, educational, and benevolent enterprise of the day, and
for every public improvement.

King's College, in New York City, had already been
aided to funds by a public lottery, but other institutions had
since arisen which had received no such aid. It was there-
fore deemed advisable to urge the passage of a law, which

* The building referred to in the text, and known in after years as "West
College," was begun in 1798 and finished in 1804. It is in the Italian style
of architecture, and probably from the designs of Philip Hooker, then an
eminent architect of Albany. It is of stone, three stories high, besides a high
basement, and is surmounted by an elegant central cupola. The ground
plan measures 150 by 60 feet, and the original cost was about $56,000,
besides $4,000 for the site. It contained a residence for the president,
the chapel, library, and recitation-rooms, and a considerable number of
dormitories. In 1815 it was sold to the city and county for a court-house,
jail, and city offices, and while thus owned it was commonly known as
the " City Hall." The college received in payment 3,000 acres of land in
detached parcels in various parts of Schenectady County. In 1831 it was
repurchased by the college for $10,000, and used for the library, cabinets,
and residence of freshman and sophomore classes until 1854. It was
then resold to the city for the sum of $6,000, and is now in use by the
city union schools. Between 1805 and 1810 a row of two-story brick
buildings was erected on College street for use as dormitories. It was
known as "Long College," and was sold about 1830. A one-story brick
building, about 30 by 80 feet, was erected by the city in the rear of the
old college (while used as a court-house) for a Lancasterian school. It
was afterward fitted up for the college cabinets and is still in use by the
city schools.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 13

was secured March 30, 1805, for raising the sum of $80,000
by lottery.*

A few years' experience showed that the location in the city
was not sufficiently ample, and the observing eye of Dr. Nott,
at an early period in his presidency, had noticed in the suburbs
a better one that combined in rare degree every advantage
desirable. On the eastern border of the city the fields rise
by a gentle slope to a plain of moderate elevation and of easy
access. Near the upper edge of this slope the construction
of a terrace a few feet high would afford a level campus of
ample space, and a site for buildings that would overlook the
valley, the river, and the neighboring city, while northward
glimpses of mountains blue from distance, and southwestward
ranges of hills dividing the waters of the Mohawk and Susque-
hanna Rivers, would present a panorama of peculiar loveliness.
A gently murmuring brook issuing from dense woodlands
flowed across the grounds just north of the proposed site, and
in the rear alternating fields and groves extended several miles
eastward to the Hudson.

A tract of some two hundred and fifty acres was secured
and new buildings begun upon plans drawn by M, Ramee,
a French engineer then eminent in the country, and for a
time employed by the National Government in planning for-
tifications and public works. Construction was begun on

* This sum was to be drawn at four successive lotteries of $20,000
each. The act directed $35,000 to be applied to the erection of addi-
tional buildings ; an equal sum to be invested upon bond and mortgage,
the interest to be applied to the support of professorships ; and the
remaining $10,000 to be invested, one-half of the proceeds for a classical
library, and the balance toward defraying the expenses of indigent
scholars. Some changes in the law were afterward made, relating to
the mode of investment, and for anticipating the payment of moneys
that were becoming due. It appears from a legislative report made in
1814, (Assembly Journal, 1814, p. 118,) that but $55,000 were realized
from this grant.

14 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

College Hill in 1812, and the buildings were so far advanced
that they could be occupied in the summer of 1814. To
provide the means for these improvements and for a sub-
stantial endowment, application was made for anether grant
of a kind similar to the last. An act was accordingly passed,
largely through the efforts Of Dr. Nott, for raising the sum
of $200,000 for Union College-, and considerable sums for
other institutions.* The proceedings consequent upon these
transactions extended through many years, and the drawings
of the lotteries were not entirely closed until the end of 1833.
From the time of the completion of buildings on the new
site, and the re-occupation of West College, no event of
special interest occurred to mark the history of the institution
for many years. The accompanying tables represent a season
of general prosperity, and the unusually large proportion in

* Of the sum allowed to Union College by the act of 1814, there was
specially given :

For the erection of buildings $100,000

For paying an existing debt 30,000

For library and apparatus 20,000

For the relief of indigent students 50, ooo

Total, including all sums previously given by the State, $331,612.13.

There was also assigned in the lottery grant of 1814, the sum of
$40,000 to Hamilton College, $4,000 to the Asbury African church of
New York, and $33,000 to the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the
City of New York.

An act passed April 5, 1822, allowed the institutions in interest to as-
sume conjointly or to appoint one of their number to complete these
transactions and assume the responsibilities, the State being absolved from
all liabilities that might occur therein. Union College undertook to close
up the business, at which time the sum allowed to be raised was
$322,256.81, of which $45,279.74 belonged to Hamilton College, and
$17,000 were afterward paid, amounting to $62,279.74; the sum of
$33, 97 1. 56 belonged to the College of Physicians and Surgeons, $4,529.30
to the Asbury church, and $12,000 to the New York Historical Society,
making in .all $112,780.62 to be deducted from the total sum that then
remained to be raised.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 15

the senior classes shows a fact well known throughout the
country, that many students, after passing through the lower
classes elsewhere, came hither to enjoy the instruction of
Dr. Nott, and receive from him their first degree.*

Although prominence is given to the personal influence of
its president, during many years 'of prosperity, justice requires
us to record the fact, which all the graduates will indorse, that
a large measure of gratitude is due from them to the other

* This fact, with* his reputed readiness to receive students who had
been unsuccessful elsewhere but for whose improvement hope might be
entertained, attracted many to him, and filled the higher classes of the
institution. One of the leading educators of the country has lately re-
marked that while this course subjected him to criticism, and might be
regarded in some respects with disfavor, it still resulted beneficially,
not only to many individuals, but also in rendering college discipline
everywhere more parental and inter-collegiate comity more humane.
In that day practical efficiency in affairs was most needed for the develop-
ment of the country ; but now, while this is still important, it is felt that
thorough training, mental discipline, and complete scholarly furnishing
is no less essential to the college graduate. Hence the present aim of
Union College is to elevate constantly the standard of scholarship, and
with this result in view to secure a well prepared and numerous freshman
class. It is found that by an ample and varied course of study, accom-
panied' by rigorous examinations, numbers are much reduced as the
class once entered advances from year to year. While this enables in-
dividuals who find themselves unfitted for collegiate or profession?! life to
retire without dishonor, and with advantage to themselves and their fel-
lows, those who attain a regular graduation and degree are, it is be^
lieved, well fitted for those needs and circumstances of the times which
distinguish the present and future from earlier ye .rs of national progress.
Thus, while stricter examinations tend to decrease the numbers as classes
advance, a higher standard of entrance prevents the higher classes from
receiving such large accessions from other institutions as were formerly
customary. The lower classes, therefore, will be the largest, the base of
the pyramid, its broadest part, if the institution is conducted on the sys-
tem approved bv its president as adapted to the present era, enforced
heartily by its faculty, and earnestly insisted upon by its alumni and
friends, as essential to its reputation, usefulness, and present welfare.

1 6 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

members of the faculty for their talent, fidelity, and ability
in conducting the interests more especially confided to their
care.*

But advancing age brings its infirmities; and in 1852 the
Rev. Laurens P. Hickok, D.D.,t was called from the Auburn

*The names of those who have at different periods held a place on the

college faculty down to the present time are given in their proper con-

nection in another part of this article; but it will not be invidious to

here particularize, in the order of time, those serving ten years or more

as tutors or professors :

Rev. Andrew Yates, D.D., (1797-1801, 1814-182-,) professor of Latin
and Greek during the first period, and of moral philosophy and logic
afterward. He died in Schenectady in 1844.

Rev. Thomas Macauley, D.D., LL.D., (i8o5~'o6, i8u-'22,) tutor,
lecturer, and professor of mathematics and natural philosophy. Died
in New York in 1862.

Rt.' Rev. Thomas C. Brownell, D.D., LL.D., (i8o5-'i9,) successively
tutor and professor of logic and belles-lettres, lecturer on chemistry,
and professor of rhetoric and chemistry. Afterward Protestant-
Episcopal bishop of the diocese of Connecticut till his death at Hart-
ford in 1865.

Pierre Grgoire Reynaud, (i8o6-'22,) professor of French. Died in
Philadelphia, Pa.

Rev. Francis Wayland, (i8i6-'26,) tutor, and then professor of mathe-
matics and natural philosophy. Afterward president of Brown Uni-
versity. Died in Providence, R. I., in 1865.

Rev. Robert Proudfit, D. D., (i8i8-'6o,) professor of Greek and Latin
languages till his death in 1860.

Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, D.D., LL.D., (i8i9-'26, i83i-'4S,) tutor,
professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, and afterward of
rhetoric and natural philosophy. Left college to assume the duties

tDr. Hickok was born in Danbury, Conn., December 29, 1798,
graduated at Union College in 1820, and, after serving some years as a
pastor, was elected professor of theology in the Western Reserve College.
In 1844 he became a professor at Auburn, and in 1866 president of Union
College. He resigned this office in 1868 in accordance with a long
cherished purpose that at the age of seventy he would retire from active
life and devote his time to the revision and extension of his own literary
labors, in which he is still engaged. He is residing at Amherst, Mass.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. Ij

Theological Seminary to serve as vice-president, and upon
him gradually devolved the cares of the presidency, although
they were not actually conferred in name until after the
death of Dr. Nott in 1866. ' But in this we are passing over
two events of peculiar interest in the history of the college
that require a special notice.

SEMI-CENTENNIAL OF UNION COLLEGE.

This event in the history of the college was celebrated in
connection with the commencement exercises of 1845, pre-
parations having begun the year before in the appointment
of committees and the organization of plans.* The occasion

of Protestant-Episcopal bishop of the diocese of Pennsylvania, and

died in California in 1865.
Joel B. Nott, A.M., (i82o-'3i,) tutor, lecturer, and then professor of

chemistry. Now resides in Guilderland, N. Y.
Benjamin F. Joslin, M.D., LL.D., (i822-'37,) tutor, professor of

mathematics and natural philosophy. Died in New York in 1861.
Rev. John Austin Yates, D.D., (i 823^49, ) tutor, and then professor of

Oriental literature till his death in 1849.
Rev. Pierre Alexis Proal, D.D., (i826-'36,) instructor in French.

Died in Utica.
Isaac W. Jackson, LL.D., (since 1826,) tutor, and since 1831 professor

of mathematics and natural philosophy.
Rev. Thomas C. Reed, D.D., (i826-'5i,) tutor, professor of political

economy, and afterward of Latin language and literature. Now

resides at Geneva, N. Y.
Rev. John Nott, D.D., (i 830-^4, ) tutor, then assistant professor of

rhetoric. Resides in Amsterdam, N. Y.
Jonathan Pearson, A.M., (since 1836,) tutor, assistant professor of

* One man from each of the first twenty classes was designated to this
duty, and at the commencement season of 1844 they met to arrange the
programme. It was decided that two addresses should be delivered, one
from the older and one from the later classes, thus representing, so far as
might be, the two epochs of the occasion. The Rev. Jos. Sweetman, of
the first class graduated, was chosen for the former, and the Rt. Rev.
Alonzo Potter, of the class of 1818, then recently elected Bishop of Penn-
2 U

l8 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

called together an immense number of the alumni of the col-
lege and literary strangers, to receive whom the common
council extended the hospitalities of the city, and all the
principal citizens opened their houses to receive guests. The
proceedings, which extended through several days, were pub-
lished in a finely printed memorial volume, and left an im-

chemistry and natural philosophy, and since 1849 professor of natural
history. Since 1854 he has also filled the office of treasurer.

John Foster, LL.D., (since 1836,) tutor, assistant professor of mathe-
matics and natural philosophy, and since 1849 professor of natural
philosophy.

William Mitchell Gillespie, LL.D., (i845~'68,) professor of civil
engineering and adjunct professor of mathematics. Died in 1868.

Alexander M. Vedder, A.M., M.D., (i849~'63,) professor of anatomy
and physiology.

Tayler Lewis, LL.D., (since 1849,) professor of ancient Oriental
languages and literature.

Elias Peissner, A.M., (i85i-'62,) assistant professor of Latin and
teacher of German language and literature, lecturer on political
economy. Was commissioned as colonel of the One hundred and
nineteenth Regiment New York Volunteers, September I, 1862, and
was killed in battle at Chancellorsville, Va., May 2, 1863.

Rev. John Newman, D.D., (i852-'63,) professor of Latin language
and literature. Now resides in Poultney, Vt.

William Wells, A.M., (since 1865,) professor of modern languages and
literature.

Maurice Perkins, A.M., (since 1865,) professor of chemistry.

Among those of the faculty who held for a short term may be men-
tioned Mr. Frederick R. Hassler, who, in i8io-'ii, held the office of

sylvania, but still acting as a professor in the college, was chosen to repre-
sent the latter. This selection was eminently fortunate, since no man was
more fully imbued with the spirit of progress or better fitted to represent
the cultured intellect of the living age. Among the names on the com-
mittee were the Hon. William H. Seward, Bishop Thomas C. Brownell,
and Hon. Samuel A. Foote, of whom the latter is still living. A tent of
immense size was erected for the dinner, and the tables were set for a
thousand guests.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 19

pression upon the memories of those who participated that
would last through life.

SEMI-CENTENNIAL OF DR. NOTT's PRESIDENCY.

This occasion was celebrated on the 25th of July, 1854,
preliminary measures having been taken by the alumni a
year before, and the trustees of the college being in full

professor of mathematics and natural philosophy. He became first
Superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, and began the precise
observations and measurements which have since been continued under
his successors, giving this work a just celebrity for accuracy and com-
pleteness.

The literary publications of the faculty amount to over sixty in
number, and many of them are works of substantial merit.

List of publications by members of the fac^^lty of Union College.
Rev. John Blair Smith, first president of Union College :

1. The Enlargement of Christ's Kingdom.

2. A Sermon at Albany. 1767.

Rev. Jonathan Edwards, second president of Union College :

1. History of the Work of Redemption. Two volumes.

2. Two volumes of sermons.

3. Two volumes of observations on important theological subjects
Rev. Eliphalet Nott, fourth president of Union College :

1. Counsels to Young Men.

2. Lectures on Temperance. 1847.

3. Sermon on the Death of Hamilton. 1804.

Rev. Laurens P. Hickok, fifth president of Union College:

1. Rational Psychology. 1848.

2. Moral Science. 1853.

3. Empirical Psychology. 1854.

4. Rational Cosmology. 1858.
Rt. Rev. Thomas C. Brownell :

1. Commentary on the Book of Common Prayer.

2. Consolation for the Afflicted.

3. Christian's Walk and Consolation.

4. Exhortation to Repentance.

5. Family Prayer-Book.

20 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

accord. As on the previous gathering, the hospitalities of
the city were tendered to the returning sons of Union and to
the literary strangers called together by so unusual an event.
The central point of interest was in the address of Dr. Nott,
which was a compact review of the labors, joys, and trials of
the last fifty years. He might well address to them as a father

List of publications, &c. Continued.

6. Religion of the Heart and Life. Five volumes.

7. Religious Enquirer Answered.

8. Youthful Christian's Guide.
Rev. Francis Wayland:

1. Moral Dignity of the Missionary Enterprise. 1823.

2. Duties of an American Citizen. 1825.

3. Occasional Discourses.

4. Elements of Moral Science.

5. Elements of Political Economy. 1837.

6. Moral Law of Accumulation.

7. Limitations of Human Responsibility. 1838, and other works.
Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter :

1. A Treatise on Logarithms.

2. A Treatise on Descriptive Geometry.

3. Political Economy. 1840.

4. Principles of Science. 1841.

5. The School and Schoolmaster. [With G. B. Emerson.]

6. Handbook for Readers and Students. 1843.

7. Religious Philosophy of Three Witnesses. 1872.
Benjamin F. Joslin:

1. Homoeopathic Treatment of Epidemic Cholera. 1849.

2. Principles of Homoeopathy. 1850, and other publications concern-

ing homoeopathy.
Prof. Isaac W. Jackson :

1. Elements of Conic Sections. 1854.

2. Elementary Treatise on Optics. 1854.

3. Elementary Treatise on Mechanics.
Prof. Jonathan Pearson:

I. Early Records of the City and County of Albany, translated
from the Dutch, with notes. 8vo. 1869.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 21

to his children words of counsel, of admonition, and of en-
couragement ; and advice thus given could not fail of making
a deep and lasting impression.*

List of publications^ &*c. Continued.

2. Contributions for the Genealogies of the First Settlers of the

Ancient County of Albany. 1872.

3. Contributions for the Genealogies, of the Descendants of the

First Settlers of the Town of Schenectady, 1662-1800. 8vo.

1873.
Prof. William M. Gillespie:

1. Rome as Seen by a New Yorker. 1843.

2. Roads and Railroads. 1845.

3. Philosophy of Mathematics, from the French of Comte. 1851.

4. Principles of Land-Surveying. 1855.
Prof. Tayler Lewis :

1. Nature and Ground of Punishment. 1844.

2. Plato contra Atheos. 1845.

3. Six Days of Creation. 1855.

4. Science and the Bible. 1857.
Prof. Elias Peissner :

1. Elements of the German Language. 1854.

2. Elements of the English Language. 1858.

3. Elements of Italian, Spanish, and French, compared with Latin

and English. 1859.

4. Course of German and Literature.

5. English Address at the Great Turner Festival, Albany. 1858.

6. The American Question. 1861.
Rev. Robert T. S. Lowell, D.D. :

1. Five Letters to a Romish Priest. 1853.

2. The New Priest in Conception Bay. 1858.

3. Poems. 1860.

4. The Commemoration Hymn for Harvard University Memorial

Celebration. 1865.

5. Antony Brade.

* The principal orators of the occasion, besides the venerable president,
were the Hon. William W. Campbell, of Cherry Valley, and the Rev.
Francis Wayland, then president of Brown University. These proceed-
ings were also carefully printed in a collected form.

22 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

RECENT HISTORY.

On the retirement of Dr. Hickok, the Rev. Charles A.
Aiken, D.D., of Dartmouth College, was chosen president,
and he filled the duties with acceptance until 1871, when, for
domestic reasons, involving the health of a member of his
family, he resigned to seek a less rigorous climate ; and in the
selection of a successor the choice fell upon the Rev. Eliphalet
Nott Potter, D.D., a grandson of Dr. Nott, and son of
Bishop Alonzo Potter, already mentioned. This selection of
a man at an age much younger than that at which college
presidents are usually chosen, might appear to the stranger, as
a bold departure from established precedent. But the friends
of the college justify this action by pointing to the marked
improvements since inaugurated, the new buildings erected,
the noble endowment funds since received, and the increasing
numbers .in attendance, especially in the lower classes; and'
upon these they base their expectations of the future, and
look forward with confidence to a new and vigorous growth
of the college, with increasing means and a wider field for
active usefulness.*

* A reference to the accompanying tables will show that the number of
students has for several years been steadily increasing, so that the. last
enrollment in the freshman class was the largest in the history of the col-
lege.

It is a matter of history, which our statistics painfully illustrate, that
with the declining years of Dr. Nott the number of students decreased,
while during the late war the college was nearly stripped of its students
by the withdrawal of the whole number from the South, while many from
the North were attracted to new institutions that were competing for
favor, and appealing to the pride of locality and to various special motives
for support. It became a subject of serious thought on the part of those
intrusted with the affairs of Union College as to how the emergency was to
be met, and no plan appeared more feasible than that of yielding to the
progressive spirit of the age, by enlarging its facilities, extending its
courses of study, and in the best sense of the word rendering it fully the

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 23

PRESENT BUILDINGS.

The principal buildings of Union College are North College
and South College, six hundred feet apart, and each with a
colonnade facing inward; a Memorial Hall midway between,
but standing back three hundred feet from the front line ; a
gymnasium in the rear of South College; a President's House,
and three other dwellings on the line with the main college
buildings, and a professor's residence at some distance east of
the principal group of buildings.* The original plans con-
peer of the first institutions in the country. The result appears to justify
the soundness of this argument, and to encourage persistent and vigorous
effort.

* The plans of North and South Colleges are alike except as to the
position of the colonnades, and when viewed in front each appears as a pair
of large three-story dwellings, connected by a four-story building, the
lattei faced with pilasters to the whole height and arches extending up to
include the first and second stories. Each college building is 200 by 40
feet on the ground. The end portions are used as residences for pro-
fessors and the central part as dormitories for students. This central
portion has three separate entrances front and rear, with four rooms on
each floor, making, originally, forty-eight rooms in each college. Within
the past few years a renovation of the interior has been undertaken, and
rooms in some cases connected for greater convenience, so as-to appear
more cheerful and home-like.

The colonnades are each 250 feet in length by 25 in breadth, and
terminate in square-roofed buildings one story higher. These buildings
are each 80 by 50 feet on the ground. The North Colonnade and building
are used for chemical and philosophical apparatus and lecture-rooms, the
chemical laboratory and cabinets of the engineering department. Those
on the south are used for chapel, library, cabinet, office, and recitation-
rooms.

Memorial Hall, so long a familiar object on paper, and originally de-
signed as a chapel, was delayed from various causes, so that its founda-
tions were not laid till 1858, and the effort was then suspended when the
walls had reached the level of the first story. Work has been recently
resumed by the aid of funds given by two brothers of President Potter,
amounting to $50,000, and the work at the time of writing is fully in-

24 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

templated two other college edifices to the rear, facing west-
ward upon the campus, with a semicircular connecting colon-
nade, but it is doubtful whether these intentions will ever be
' fully carried out.

PRESENT GROUNDS.

The original grounds acquired for college uses have been
somewhat reduced by railroad and street improvements, but
are scarcely liable to further encroachment, and are amply
sufficient for every probable want. They embrace about one

closed and rapidly approaching completion. The building has sixteen
equal sides, is eighty-four feet in diameter and fifty feet in height to the top
of the walls. It is surmounted by a dome of corrugated iron, covered with
metal plates, and within plastered for frescoing. The dome is spangled
with gilded stars and has other appropriate ornamentation. The walls are
of bluestone, from the vicinity, with white Ohio sandstone trimmings, and
cylindrical columns of polished granite in the windows. The dome rises
one hundred and twenty feet above the floor, and the interior will form
one spacious rotunda, with galleries and alcoves for the library, and an
appropriate repository for works of art.

The gymnasium was completed in 1874, at the cost of prominent alumni
of Albany and Troy, and through the efforts of students in gathering
subscriptions, and is one of the largest and best equipped establishments
of the kind in the country. It is under the control of a professional
gymnast, whose theory is to use its peculiar opportunities for physical
development and manly exercise, to the exclusion of all useless and dan-
gerous feats. The building is 80 by 40 feet on the ground, and two stories
in height.

The President's House was built in 1873, chiefly from the donation to
the Christian Union endowment-fund by a member of the board of trustees,
and its style is in harmony with the general plan.

A cottage in the Swiss style of architecture was built in the gardens
north of North College in 1873, and from its fine location, half concealed
by trees, it presents a picturesque appearance from favorable points of
view.

All of these buildings, except memorial hall and the cottage, are of
brick, rough-cast with ash-colored cement, with pilasters, arches, and
trimmings in white, presenting a general unity of plan and symmetry of
proportion that is quite pleasing in general effect.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 25

hundred and thirty acres, including the campus, gardens, and
grounds properly, belonging to the college and essential for
its use, besides some one hundred acres of woodlands and
fields adjoining.

THE JACKSON GARDEN.

During the residence of Prof. Thomas Macauley, more
than fifty years ago, a beginning was made in the improve-
ment of a garden north of North College. The work was,
however, scarcely more than a beginning until Prof. Isaac W.
Jackson became a resident of the adjoining dwelling in 1831,
when a series of improvements were begun, which, aided by
a small annual grant from the trustees, have gradually trans-
formed a wild ravine and tangled woodland into a charming
ramble and pleasant retreat. The grounds embrace some
twelve acres, and combine many attractions of sylvan solitude
and floral beauty.*

COURSE OF STUDY.

The details of the course of study first established in Union
College cannot be determined with certainty from existing
records, but the curriculum of 1802 will be found in the fol-
lowing table. We also -give the course of study at nearly
even decennial periods, so far as the data at hand will per-
mit.

* By the act of 1814 giving to Columbia College the title to the botanical
gardens, that have since formed so noble a source of wealth, it was pro-
vided that within one year at least one healthy exotic flower, shrub, or
plant of each kind in duplicate, with the jar containing it, should be sent,
if applied for, to each other college in the State. There is not found any
record showing that any plants were received by Union College under
this act.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Classical coitrse of study in Union

1802.

1833-

1844.

C 0>

Cicero de Officiis, de Ami-

Livy.

citia, &c.

Horace and Latin Pros-

4d'2J c

Horace and Latin Pros-

ody, with composition

1
S I

<n - C/3

'*Al

ody, with composition
and declamation.
H erodotus and Thucydides

and declamation.
Xenophon's Anabasis.

-If

-** V -^

Xenophon's Cyropaedia
and Anabasis.
Horace, Roman Antiqui-

Herodotus and Thucydides.
Horace, Roman Antiquities.
Algebra to Chapter III,

S 1

^^t-i

ties.

(Bourdon.)

> s 1

fli

Livy, with composition
and declamation.

1 r

CO ^ W

Sallust.

Cicero de Officiis, with

lljs

Algebra, (through equa-
tions of the first degree.)

composition and declam-
ation .

S|-

iflf

Lysias, Isocrates, and De-
mosthenes, with compo-
sition and declamation.

Algebra, (continued.)
Lysias, Isocrates, and De-
mosthenes.

c PT; cs

||jl

j- c :2 re

Jl^ss

Tacitus' History.
Xenophon's Memorabilia

Tacitus' History ; Geology
twice a week.

S '''| c

and Plato.

Xenophon's Memorabilia.

^J 1 *- >3 ^ <l) co

Algebra, (continued.)

Plane Geometry.

t-5

^ O tj ,'^_, li

ilSfl

YEAR.

nd term .

IIS

Aristotle, Dyonisius, and
Longinus.
Tacitus, (continued.)
Plane Geometry.

Greek Majora.
Juvenal and Terence.
Solid Geometry.

S 8

i l*Mfl

* ^

~ '13 M '5 i C

8-r

S I

Pl|!i=,

Homer's Odyssey.
Solid Geometry.'
Logic.

Homer's Iliad.
Trigonometry.
Abercrombie's Intellectual

0^1

'o_S(y'^"^ d

Powers ; Botany, (twice

$* 1

||a||'ij

a week.)

h I

O G "Q *eH -^ C ^-t

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

College at different periods.

1854.

1864.

1875-

Livy, 3 books.
Xenophon's Anabasis, 2
books.
Algebra, to Square Root.

Livy, 3 books.
Xenophon's Cyropsedia.
Algebra, to " Series."

Livy.
Xenophon ; Homer.
Algebra (continued) to
"Series."
Greek prose composition.
Latin prose composition.

Horace, 3 books of Odes ;

Prosody.

Demosthenes' Philippics.
Algebra, (to th root.)

Horace, 3 books of Odes ;

Prosody.

Xenophon's Memorabilia.
Algebra, (completed.)

Horace.

Xenophon'; Homer; Hero-
dotus.

Algebra, completed.
Greek prose composition.
Latin prose composition.

Cicero de Officiis,2 books.
Homer's Iliad, 4 books.
Geometry, Plane, 5 books.

(Throughout Freshman
year ^exercises in Latin
andGreek composition.)

Cicero de Officiis, 2 books.
Homer. Iliad, 4 books.
Geometry, Plane, 5 books.

( Th ro ugh out Fresh man
year, exercises inLatin
and Greek composition.")

Cicero de Senectute and de
Amicitia.
Xenophon; Herodotus; Eu-
ripides.
Geometry, Books VI to IX.
Trigonometry.
Rhetoric, with composition
and declamation.
Greek prose composition.
Latin'prose composition.

(Physical culture 3 hours
a iveek,and English com-
position throughout the
year.)

Tacitus' History, 2 books,
or Germania and Agric-
ola.
Homer, Odyssey, 6 books.
Geometry, Solid, 4 books.

Tacitus' History, 2 books,
or Germania and Agric-
ola.
Homer, Odyssey, 6 books.
. Geometry, Solid, 4 books.
Rhetoric.

Tacitus.
Euripides ; ^Eschylus.
History of the United
States.
Rhetoric, Art of Discourse.
Review of freshman math-
ematics.

Juvenal, (ist and ioth ;)
Terence, (one.)
Xenophon's Memorabilia,
3 books.
Algebra, (completed.)

Juvenal, (ist, 3d, and.
ioth ;) Terence, (one.)
Euripides, one or two
Dramas.
Algebra, (completed.)
Study of Words.

Juvenal and Terence.
Euripides ; -^Eschylus.
Conic Sections.
Logic.

Logic.
Euripides, one or two
Dramas .
Trigonometry, Plane and
Spherical.
Horace, Satires and Epis-
tles, (voluntary.)

Horace, Satires and Epis-
tles.
Sophocles, 2 Dramas.
Trigonometry, Plane and
Spherical.

( Throughout Sophomore

Horace, Satires and Epis-
tles.
Euripides; Sophocles;
Plato.
Statics and Dynamics.
Study of Man.
Botany, (voluntary.)
History.
{Physical culture 3 hours

latingGreek into Latin.}

tion and declamation
throughout the year.)

28 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Classical course of study in Union Col

l802.

1833-

1844.

1 j* O

o p 1 ^

1 1

Trigonometry and Appli-
cations.
Hesiod and Sophocles.
Rhetoric.

Conic Sections.
Hesiod and Sophocles.
Rhetoric.
Heeren's Ancient Greece,

* "

all

(twice a week.)

l&l

- r

III

Cicero de Oratore.

Cicero de Oratore, or

* I \
*\-

II s

M Q <f>

Conic Sections.
Natural Philosophy, (stat-
ics.)

Plautus.
Chemistry.
Natural Philosophy, (stat-

_ri

ics.)

O r*

^^ C

Heeren's Greece, (com-

I .

l?l.

pleted.)

"jg!^ t*'C

Political Economy.
Medea, &c.

"MTJ^

Natural Philosophy, Dy-

"s -

en rt^ o,

namics, Hydrostatics,

^ . i -*-* ^^

&c.

pi o 6

Technology.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
legs at different periods Continued.

1854.

1864.

1875-

Cicero, Tusculan Ques-
tions, 3 books.
Rhetoric.
Conic Sections, (Jack-
son's,) or Analytical
Geometry.

Cicero, Tusculan Ques-
tions, 3 books.
^Eschylus, 2 Dramas.
Conic Sections, (Jack-
son's,) or Analytical
Geometry.
English Language.
Chemistry, (inorganic.)

Cicero, Tusculan Disputa-
tions.
Sophocles ; .^Eschylus ;
Thucydides.
Mechanical Work Hydro-
statics, Hydrodynamics,
Pneumatics.
Elocution.
Political Economy.

Chemistry.
Sophocles, 2 Dramas.
Statics and Dynamics.

Quintilian.
Plato, Phaedon or Gor-
gias.
Rhetoric.
Chemistry, (organic.)

Lucretius or Quintilian.
Plato ; Demosthenes.
Elocution.
Heat: Steam-engine; Elec
tricity ; Meteorology.
Physiology.
Ethics.

Political Economy.
Plato, Phaedon or Gor-
gias.
Hydrostatics- Hydrody-
namics- Pneumatics;
Heat ; Steam.

Statics and Dynamics.
Geology.
Physiology.

Acoustics ; Magnetism ;
Galvanism; Electro-
Magnetism.
Chemistry.
History of Civilization.
Zoology.
Botany.

(Composition and declam-
ation and physical cul-
ture 3 hours a "week
throughout the year.)

3O HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Classical course of study in Union Col

1802.*

1833-

1844.

lr|

Intellectual Philosophy.
Lectures on Electricity,
and Biot's Optics.

Moral Philosophy.
Astronomy and Lectures
on Electricity.

^ r/i hn C/3

*fil

Elements of Criticism.

Technology, (completed.)
Elements of Criticism.

.23 g o d

1-sil

- 5 <_ "3

|| ||

1-1

Astronomy.
Moral Philosophy.
Kames, and Lectures on

Optics.
Psychology.
Kames,and Michelet's His-

Chemistry.

tory.

"o .S^*"

Lectures on Magnetism,

*fe -

g"3 Q_^

Galvanism, and Electro-

SlT 3

Magnetism.

HI |

.Sjij'gjc 2 .

<J o T3 S

S f

o j- ^ c .22

Hebrew.

Hebrew, with Lectures on

c ** "3 ^'-3

Greek Testament, with

Biblical Literature.

E3.

j rtr w 2'

Lectures on Biblical Lit-

Guizot's History of Civili-

i- bJDTi t4_t

erature .

zation.

Third term-

tfilf

'o OSM Oi

Lectures on Elements of
Criticism, Chemistry,
Botany, and Mineral-
ogy-

Butler's Analogy, (twice
a week.)
Botany, Geology, and
Mineralogy.
Anatomy and Physiology,
(3 times a week.)

"x en J3

Synoptical view of the
Sciences, in Lectures.

l^ll

(Lectures arc also deliv-

^9 ^ 2trt

ered during the course

D"^ A M g

on Natural Philosophy,

'S 5 cxi o c

Rhetoric and Oratory,

C/5 t-in'S tn

Political Economy, Met-

J^T3 3

aphysical and Moral

Philosophy, and the

Philosophy of History.)

* The statutes of 1802 prescribe, besides the course of studies given in the table,
The freshmen and sophomores shall recite three times each day, in term-time,

ter vacation, and twice each day after the winter vacation until commencement.

time each day until their final examination.
The sophomores, juniors, and seniors shall exhibit compositions of their own, in

time for this purpose, the recitation on Fridays in the afternoon shall be omitted .

indecent, profane, or immoral.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
ege at different periods Continued.

1854.

1864.

1875-

Optics.

Plato contra Atheos, (vol-

Optics; Wave Theory of

Sound ; Electricity ; Mag-
n e t i s m ; Galvanism ;
Electro-Magnetism.

untary.)
Hydrostatics ; Hydrody-
namics : Pneumatics ;

Light and Radiant Heat.
Mental Philosophy.
Lectures on Greek Philos-

Mental Philosophy.

Heat; Steam.

ophy.

Criticism.

Optics.

Geology.

Plato contra Atheos, (vol-

Mental Philosophy

Plato contra Atheos, (vol-

untary.)

Lectures on History of

untary.)

Philosophy.

Applied Chemistry.

Chemical Laboratory ex-

ercises.

Astronomy .
Aristophanes, Birds or
Clouds.
Moral Philosophy.

Aristophanes, Birds or
Clouds, (voluntary.)
Sound; Electricity; Mag-
netism; Galvanism ;

Astronomy.
Ethics.
Christian Evidences.
Lectures on Greek Philos-

Criticism.

Electro-Magnetism .
Astronomy.
Moral Philosophy.
Lectures on Ancient Poe-

ophy and Poetry.
Aristophanes, Birds or
Clouds, (voluntary.)
Hebrew, (voluntary.)

try.

English Literature.

Lectures on the Bible.

Comparative Philology.

National and Constitu-
tional Law.
Anatomy and Physiology,

History of Philosophy.
Principles of Eloquence.
English Literature ; Lec-

Christian Ethics.
International Lawand Con-
stitution of the United

(Lectures.)

tures.

States.

Moral Philosophy .
Lectures on Classical and
Modern Literature, Ar-

Agricultural Chemistry
and Geology.
Lectures on Biblical Lit-

Lectures on English Poe-
try.
Lectures on English Lit-

chitecture, &c.

erature, Architecture,

erature.

&c.

Lectures on Biblical Lit-

erature.

Lectures on Greek Poetry.

Lectures on Art.

Lectures on History.
Mineralogy, (voluntary.)

(Rhetorical exercises by

(Physical culture 3 hours

Seniors, Juniors, and

a iveek, and rhetorical

Sophomores before the

exercises throughout the

whole College, in the

year.}

Chapel, on Saturdays,

at%a. m.)

the following requirements :

during the year. The junior three times each day, until the beginning of the win-

The seniors shall recite twice each day until the winter vacation, and from that

the English language, every Saturday morning. That they may have sufficient
Every student is strictly forbidden to exhibit anything in his compositions that

32 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Scientific course of study in Union

1833-

1844-

5 f

[Same as in Classical Course.]

.11

^ i r

[Same as in Classical Course.]

FRESHft
Tkirtt tarm.

[Same as in Classical Course.]

First term.

History.
Arithmetic.
Algebra, (continued.)

Tacitus ; Geology.
History.
Plane Geometry.

0< K

History, (continued.)
Natural Theology.
Plane Geometry.

Natural Theology.
Juvenal and Terence-
Solid Geometry.

<&.

SOPHO]

Th ird term.

Natural History.
Solid Geometry.
Logic.

Natural History.
Trigonometry and Applications.
Abercrombie"'s Intellectual Powers,
and Botany.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

College at different periods.

1854.

1864.

1875-

[Same as in Classical
Course.]

Latin Grammar and
Reader.
French Grammar.
Algebra (continued) to
"Series."
History.

[Same as in Classical
Course.]

Latin Grammar and
Reader.
French Grammar and
Reader.
Algebra, (completed.)

(Same as in Classical
Course. |

[Same as in Classical
Course.]

French Grammar and
Reader.
Geometry, Books VI to IX.
Rhetoric, with composition
and declamation.
Trigonometry.

(Physical culture 3 hours
a iveek and English coin-
position throughout the
year.)

French.
History.
Geometry, Solid, 4 books.

French, (Grammar.)
History.
Geometry, Solid, four
books.
Rhetoric.

French Classic Poetry.
German Grammar.
Descriptive Geometry.
History of the United
States.
Rhetoric; Art of Discourse.
Review of freshman math-
ematics.

French, (continued.)
Draughting.
Algebra, (completed.)

French, (Reader.)
Geometrical Draughting.
Algebra, (completed.)
Study of Words.

Contemporary French Lit-
erature.
German Grammar.
Conic Sections.
Logic.
Ancient History, eclectic.
Mensuration, eclectic.
Descriptive Geometry, ec-
lectic.

Logic.
L and-Surveying .
Trigonometry, Plane and
Spherical.
Descriptive Geometry,
(voluntary.)
Italian, (voluntary.)

Trigonometry, Plane and
Spherical.
Land-Surveying, (Parts

1,2,3-)

Draughting, (voluntary. )
French, (Moliere or Ra-
cine.)
Italian, (vpluntary.)
Botany, (voluntary.)

Contemporaneous French
Literature.
German Grammar and
Reader.
Statics and Dynamics.
Stud}' of Man.
Botany, (voluntary.)
Analytical Geometry, ec-
lectic.
Surveying, eclectic.

(Physical culture 3 times
a week; English compo-
sition and declamation
throughout the year.)

34 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Scientific course of study in Union Col

1833-

1844.

Trigonometry and Applications.

Algebra.

Rhetoric.

Conic Sections.
Algebra.
Rhetoric.

Heeren's Ancient Greece, (twice
a week.)

French.

Descriptive Geometry; Analytical

Geometry of two Dimensions.
Natural Philosophy, (Statics.)

German.

Chemistry.

Natural Philosophy, (Statics.)

Heeren's Greece, (completed.)

Topography, (extra study.)

Differential and Integral Calculus.
Analytical Geometry of three Di-

mensions.

Natural Philosophy, (Dynamics,
Hydrostatics, &c.)

Differential and Integral Calculus.

Analytical Geometry of three Di-
mensions.

Natural Philosophy Dynamics,
Hydrostatics, &c.

Technology.

French, (extra study.)

Surveying and Leveling, (extra
study.)

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
-Icgc at different periods Continued.

1854.

1864.

1875-

German.

German, (Grammar.)

German Literature.

Rhetoric.
Conic Sections, (Jack-
son's,) or Analytical

Analytical Geometry.
Descriptive Geometry.
English Language.

Mechanical Work ; Hydro-
statics ; Hydrodynamics ;
Pneumatics.

Geometry.
Draughting, (continued,)

Chemistry, (Inorganic.)

Political Economy.
Elocution.

(voluntary,) Lectures.
Leveling, (voluntary,)

Drawing.

Lectures.

Chemistry.

German, (Reader.)

German Literature.

German, (continued.)

Rhetoric.

Elocution.

Statics and Dynamics.
Differential and Integral
Calculus, (voluntary.)
Draughting, (continued,)

Chemistry, (Organic.)
Differential and Integral
Calculus, (voluntary.)
Draughting, (continued,)

Heat; Steam-engine; Elec-
tricity ; Meteorology.
Physiology.
Ethics.

(voluntary.)

Engineering ; Mensura-

tion, (voluntary.)

Applied Mechanics, (vol-

untary.)

Political Economy.
German, (continued.)
Hydrostatics ; Hydrody-

Statics and Dynamics.
Geology.
Mineralogy, (Determina-

Acoustics; Magnetism;
Galvanism; Electro-mag-
netism.

namics ; Pneumatics ;
Heat; Steam.

tive), (voluntary.)
Analytical Mechanics,

Chemistry.
Zoology.

Analytical Mechanics,
(voluntary.)
Higher Surveying, (vol-
untary,) Lectures.

(voluntary.)
Draughting, (continued,)
(voluntary.)
German, (Literature,)

History of Civilization.
Botany, (voluntary.)

Strength of Materials,

(voluntary.)

(voluntary,) Lectures.

Physiology.

Applied Mechanics, (vol-

untary.) Lectures.

Botany, (voluntary.)

(Physical culture 3 times

a week, and composi-

tion and declamation

th ro ugh out the year.)

36 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Scientific course of study in Union Col

1833-

51 1

Boucharlat's Mechanics. I Boucharlat's Mechanics.

Lectures on Electricity and Mag- j Astronomy, and Lectures on Elec-
netism, and Biot's Optics. tricity.

Elements of Criticism.

Technology.
Elements of Criticism.
Topography and Practical Astron-
omy.

Moral Philosophy.
Astronomy.

Kames, and Lectures on Chem-
istry.

Law, (Kent or Blackstone.)
Anatomy and Physiology.
Lectures on Elements of Criticism,
Chemistry, Botany, and Min-
eralogy.

Optics.
Psychology.
Kames and Michelet.
Prometheus Vinctus of ^Eschylus,
to an extra division.

Law.

Michelet.

Butler's Analogy, (twice a week.)

Botany, Geology, and Mineralogy.

Anatomy and Physiology, (three

times a week.)
Synoptical view of the Sciences, in

Lectures.

(A lecture is also delivered each
Sunday evening on the Evi-
dences of Christianity, or on some
portion of Scripture.)

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
lege at different periods Concluded.

1854.

1864.

1875.

Optics.
Sound; Electricity; Mag-
netism; Galvanism;

Hydrostatics; Hydrody-
namics ; Pneumatics ;
Heat; Steam.

Optics; Wave Theory of
Light and Radiant Heat.
Mental Philosophy.

Electro-Magnetism.
Mental Philosophy.

Optics.
Mental Philosophy.

Applied Chemistry.
Chemical Laboratory Ex-

Criticism.
Roads and Railroads, (vol-

Surveying (continued) and
Leveling, (voluntary.)

ercises.
Geology.

untary.)

Engineering, Field Work,

(voluntary.)

Stability of Structures,

(voluntary,) Lectures.

Geology, (voluntary.)

Astronomy.

Sound; Electricity; Mag-

Astronomy.

Spanish.

netism ; Galvanism ;

Ethics.

Moral Philosophy.
Criticism .

Electro-Magnetism.
Astronomy.

Christian Evidences.
Lectures on English Liter-

Engineering Construc-
tion, (voluntary.)

Moral Philosophy.
Spanish, (voluntary.)

ature.
Lectures on the Bible.

Bridges, (voluntary,) Lec-

Engineering, 'Mensura-

Physical Laboratory Ex-

tures.

tion, &c., (voluntary,)

ercises.

Hydraulic Engineering,

Lectures.

(voluntary,) Lectures.

National and Constitu-
tional Law.

History of Philosophy.
Lectures on Biblical Lit-

Christian Ethics.
International Law and Con-

Anatomy and Physiology,

erature, Architecture,

stitution of the United

(Lectures.)

&c.

States.

Moral Philosophy.
Geodosy and Practical
Astronomy, (volun-

Principles of Eloquence.
English Literature, Lec-
tures.

Lectures on English Poe-
try.
Lectures on Biblical Liter-

tary.)
Architecture, (voluntary,)
Lectures.

Agricultural Chemistry
and Geology.
Higher Surveying and

ature.
Higher Surveying and En-
gineering Statics, (volun-

Engineering Statics,

tary.)

(voluntary.)

Mineralogy, (voluntary.)

Lectures on Art.

Lectures on English Liter-

ature.

Lectures on History.

(Rhetorical exercises by
Seniors^ Juniors^ and

(Physical culture 3 hours
a -week^ and rhetorical

Sophomores before the

exercises throughout the

whole College, in Chap-

year.}

el^ on Saturdays at 8

a . m.)

38 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING.

This was established in 1845, under the direction of Prof.
William M. Gillespie;* its course of instruction aiming to
impart skill and experience in mechanical draughting, in-
strumental field-work, and numerical calculation, combined
with the study of text-books and lectures on numerous sub-
jects where these are wanting. The canal, with its extensive
aqueducts; the various railroads centering in Schenectady,
with their numerous bridges and other structures, and exten-
sive locomotive works, founderies, shops, and factories, afford
a .fine opportunity for examination and study in this depart-
ment. This course has recently been extended to four years,
and intermingled with the scientific course of the college
proper. The student thus gains a knowledge of modern
languages so essential to the civil engineer, and the advan-
tage of that mental discipline that tends largely to success in
life. The department is well supplied with models, the most
important of which is the Olivier collection. t

* Professor Gillespie, who was distinguished alike as a teacher and an
author in the special lines of his study, died in New York, January i,
1868.

t This consists of about fifty models, representing the most important
and complicated ruled surfaces of descriptive geometry, particularly
warped or twisted surfaces. Their directrices are represented by brass
bars, straight or curved, to which are attached silk threads representing
the elements or successive positions of the generatrices of the surfaces.
Each of these threads has a weight suspended by it so as always to make
it a straight line. These weights are contained in boxes sustaining the
directrices and their standards. The bars are movable in various direc-
tions, carrying with them the threads still stretched straight by the weights
in every position they may take ; so that the forms and natures of the sur-
faces which they constitute are continually changing, while they always
remain "ruled surfaces." In this way a plane is transformed into a par-
aboloid, a cylinder into a hyperboloid, &c. These models were invented
by the lamented Theodore Olivier, while professor of descriptive geometry

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 39

CHEMICAL LABORATORY.

A laboratory was established for chemical analysis in 1855
at a cost of about $7,000 for fixtures and $10,000 for
chemicals and other stock. It has been successively in
charge of Professors Charles E. Joy and Charles F. Chandlery
(now both of Columbia College,) and of Maurice Perkins,
M.D., the present incumbent. It has working facilities for
twenty students, and fifteen are now attending.

COURSE OF STUDIES IN THE ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,
UNION COLLEGE, 1875.

FRESHMAN CLASS.

First term. Latin French grammar Algebra (con-
tinued) to "Series" Drawing.

Second term. Latin French grammar and reader Alge-
bra, (completed) Drawing, plane problems.

Third term. English language French grammar and
reader Geometry, books VI to IX Trigonometry, plane and
spherical Calculations; rapid, accurate, and approximate.

(Physical culture three hours a week and English compo-
sition throughout the year.)

at the Conservatoire des Arts et Metiers, in Paris. One set of them is
now deposited there, and a second is in the Conservatory of Madrid.
Copies of some of them are to be found in most of the polytechnic schools
of Germany. The Union College set is the original collection of the
inventor, having been made in part by his own hands, and after his death
in 1853, retained by his widow till bought from her by Professor Gillespie,
in 1855. It is more complete than that in the Paris Conservatoire. It
may be worth noticing that the silvered plates on the boxes, reading
" Invente par TModore Olivier" &c., were added by Madame Olivier
after the purchase, at her own expense, as a tribute to the memory of her
husband; her own words being " Jc tcnais d ce que chaque instrument
portdt le nom dn savant dont la Deputation pa ssera a la posterite. "

40 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

SOPHOMORE CLASS.

First term. French poetry German grammar Descrip-
tive geometry Rhetoric History of the United States
Review of freshman mathematics.

Second term. Contemporaneous French literature Ger-
man grammar and reader Conic sections Descriptive ge-
ometry Mensuration Logic Drawing, shades and sha-
dows.

Third term. Contemporaneous French literature Ger-
man grammar and reader Statics and dynamics Survey-
ing Analytical geometry Study of man History.

(Physical culture three hours a week and English compo-
sition throughout the year.)

JUNIOR CLASS.

First term. German literature Hydrostatics, hydrody-
namics and pneumatics Surveying Machines Political
economy.

Second term. German literature Electricity, magnetism,
galvanism Physiology Calculus Drawing, oblique pro-
ection.

Third term Chemistry Heat, steam-engine Strength of
materials Zoology Topographical mapping.

(Physical culture three hours a week and composition and
declamation throughout the year.)

SENIOR CLASS.

First term. Road engineering Geology Optics Chem-
istry Stability of structures.

Second term. Engineering construction Astronomy
Metallurgy Ethics Drawing.

-Third term. Physical Laboratory Physical geography

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 41

Moral philosophy Law of contracts and right of way
Botany Thesis.

(Throughout the year, physical culture three hours a week
and rhetorical exercises.)

MILITARY INSTRUCTION.

In 1873 Union College applied to the War Department,
requesting that an officer of the Engineer Corps might be de-
tailed for the purpose of giving military instruction, in pur-
.suance of the policy favored by act of Congress, with the
view of inducing colleges to supplement in some degree the
work of the military academy in this department of useful
knowledge. The Government has, in accordance with this
request, supplied the college with muskets and equipments
for drill and instruction, under a commissioned officer of the
Army. A plain, inexpensive uniform has been adopted,
and a course of military instruction has been added to the
college curriculum without abating anything from the course
of studies formerly prescribed. The drill is regarded chiefly
as a physical training. Capt. Thomas Ward of Second Ar-
tillery, U.S.A., is the present military instructor.

*' . COLLEGE SOCIETIES.

' Union College has at present two literary societies with
libraries,* a theological society, t societies for practice in par-

* The Philomathean Society was formed in 1 793 by young men in town,
at the old academy, before a college charter was* granted. It was first called
: .the "Calliopean," and it held its first meeting under its present name in
October, 1795. It celebrated its semi-centennial (somewhat behind time)
in 1848. Its hall is in the upper story of the south dwelling of South
College, and it possesses a library of about three thousand volumes.

The Adelphic Society was founded in 1 797, and celebrated its semi-

t Formed in 1831 for discussion of moral and religious subjects.

42 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

liamentary debate,* seven "Greek letter" societies,! and a
chapter of the Phi Beta Kappa Society.!

An alumni association was formed in 1857, and has
several branches.

centennial in 1848. Itshallis in the upper story of the north dwelling of
North College, and its library contains about three thousand volumes.

The Delphian Institute, originally formed in 1819, by students from
the South, was limited in membership to thirty-six. In 1848 it was
merged into the Adelphic. Its hall was in the upper story of the south
dwelling of North College.

* A "senate" and a "house of representatives" were formed for pur-
poses of debate on political subjects, the former consisting of the senior
and the latter of the junior class. The rules of order and method o^
procedure are modeled, as near as may be, after those of the Senate and
House of Representatives of the United States.

t These societies in the order of establishment here have been K. A.,
Kappa Alpha, 1825; 2. $., Sigma Phi, 1827; A. $., Delta Phi, 1827;
*. T., Psi Upsilon, 1833; A. T., Delta Upsilon, 1834; X. *., Chi Psi,
1841; 0. A. X , Theta Delta Chi, 1847, (not now in existence here;)
Fraternal Society, O. K. E., 1834, (united with A. A. $. ;) O. A. or
Equitable Union, 1837; Z. *., Zeta Psi, 1856, (discontinued here;) A.
K. E., Delta Kappa Epsilon, 1857, (discontinued here;) A. A. $., Alpha
Delta Phi, 1859; and 2. T., Sigma Tau, 1872.

$ The Alpha Chapter, 4>. B. K, of the State of New York, was estab.
lished at this college in 1817, and is a strictly honorary society.

SThe general catalogues of Union College contain a list of names of
which the college and the country may be proud. Upon these dependence
might be safely placed in whatever concerns her interests, and accord-
ingly a modification of the charter was procured in 1871, by granting to
them a representation in the board of trustees, so that now there are four
graduates holding this trust, one being chosen annually for a term of
four years. The elections are held on alumni day, the one preceding
commencement, in the chapel, at Schenectady. Prof. William Wells
has, for several years, taken an active interest in this movement. He
has recently visited many points in the country, at which the graduates
of Union College might be assembled, and with gratifying results.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 43.

SCHOLARSHIPS.

Under an act passed in 1814, the sum of fifty thousand
dollars was set apart as a fund, the income of which has ever
since been applied in aiding young men of narrow means,
and thus multitudes have gone out into active life well pre-
pared, who but for this would have failed to receive a
thorough education. This aid is granted without reference
to the intended profession, and with the sole object of ac-
complishing the greatest good. It is believed that the num-
ber thus needing encouragement has relatively increased since
the war, and that the sons of rich men now seek immediate
opportunities for business, without waiting for that prepara-
tion by way of college training that was formerly deemed
requisite. The great number of fortunes hastily made within
a few years, has attracted the notice and stimulated the am-
bition of many who have yet to learn from experience that
such fortunes may be speedily lost. This tendency appears
to impose the necessity of aiding those of the less fortunate
class, but who, from the increasing cost of subsistence and
personal expenses, are finding it annually more difficult to
overcome these obstacles without pecuniary aid. The en-
dowment of funds for this object becomes, therefore, a philan-
thropic duty, and it is with peculiar satisfaction that the offi-
cers of the college are able to acknowledge the receipt of
several noble benefactions for this object, with assurances of
more.*

* Actuated by this spirit, Miss Catharine L. Wolfe, of New York City, in
1873, informed President Potter of an intention of giving fifty thousand
dollars, in pursuance of a purpose entertained by her deceased father, Mr.
John David Wolfe, for the purpose of aiding the education of young men
from the Southern States. The father having died before this plan was
matured, the sum above mentioned has since been paid in by the daugh-
ter and securely invested at 7 per cent, for this object. Already some-

UNIVERSITY 1

, :_ J

44 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

An effort is being made to introduce the system of en-
couraging students to regard the sums released to them, and
other aid received from relief funds, as loans to be returned
after leaving college, and as soon as they can conveniently re-
pay them from their own earnings. This would tend to en-
courage a spirit of independence, and the student would
feel himself no longer an object of charity, but rather
one trusted upon his honor, on account of his talents and
moral worth. The idea that a student can maintain himself
by his own labor while pursuing his studies, is not entertained
in this college. If it has succeeded in some cases these are
exceptional to the general rule. If self-support must accom-
pany the effort to gain an education, it can only be by alter-
nate study and labor, a course sometimes attended with the
advantage of enabling the student to apply the precepts of
his college studies. It more generally, however, delays prep-
; aration for life's duties, and often leads to the abandonment
of a course before it is completed.

I. ORDINARY SCHOLARSHIPS. To a large class of students,
Union College presents extraordinary advantages in its
numerous scholarships. In the scholarships of the first
grade, the incumbents, on the condition of good conduct
and satisfactory application to study, receive at the end of

twenty-five Southern students, mainly from the excellent preparatory in-
stitution at Charleston, S. C., established and maintained by the Rev. A-
Tamor Porter, are eujoying this benefaction.

A recent bequest of nearly fifty thousand dollars, by Dr. John Mc-
Clelland, of New York City, of the class of 1832, has also been made.
He was largely influenced in this by the aid he had himself received while
in college.

Still more recently it has been learned that a worthy son of Union
College has placed a bequest of thirty thousand dollars in his will, to en-
dow an emeritus professorship, in gratitude for generous aid in his youth-
ful struggles for an education.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 45

each term a credit on the books of the registrar, to the full
amount of the term-bill.

In the scholarships of the second grade, the incumbents,
on the same condition, receive a credit to the amount of
half the term-bill.

These scholarships are accessible, under certain restrictions,
to all who present the requisite certificates of character and
sustain the examinations required for admission to the
regular classes of the college.

II. PRIZE SCHOLARSHIPS. Among the several classes of
scholarships founded by the late Dr. Eliphalet Nott,* is
a class of prize scholarships.

An examination of candidates for these scholarships is
held early in the first term of the freshman year, and also
at a later period in the same year, and the appointments are
made according to certain rules prescribed by the founder.

The pecuniary emolument of a prize scholarship is thirty-
five dollars a term, or four hundred and twenty dollars
for the whole college course, a provision which enables the
incumbent, after paying his college bills, to retain the sum of
one hundred and twenty dollars.

The possession of a prize scholarship being a special
distinction, the incumbent is expected and required to
maintain, throughout his whole course, high standing as a
student in all respects.

Among the rules which the incumbent is required to
observe is one which forbids the use, during the period of
incumbency, of intoxicating liquor as a beverage and of
tobacco in all its forms.

*Few of these are yet actually endowed, but their ultimate endowment
is secured by the prospective sale of valuable lands.

Some of the scholarships enable the student to pursue post-graduate
studies for a certain time, but of fellowships, properly so-called, the
college has none.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

III. PRIZES AND MEDALS. The following prizes have
been established in Union College :

Name.

Princi-
pal.

Annual value.

Object and remarks.

i BLATCHFORD ORATO-

$1,000

$40 and $30. .

For first and second grade of

RICAL MEDALS.
(By the late Richard

merit in oratory, " regard being
had alike to their elevated and

M. Blatchford, of

classical character, and to their

New York.)

graceful and effective deliv-

ery."

2. WARNER P R i z E.

714

$50 in money

To the graduate of the classical

(By Hon. Horatio

or plate.

course standing highest in the

G. Warner, of Ro-

performance of college duties,

chester.)

and sustaining the best charac-

ter for moral rectitude and de-

portment, without regard to

religious profession or practice.

3. IXGHAM PRIZE. (By
Hon. Albert C. Ing-

1,000

$70 in money
or plate.

To a graduate (of at least two
years' residence) for the best

ham, of Meridian,

essay on one of two subjects,

N. Y.)

Previously assigned, in English

terature or history.

IV. PRIZE ESSAYS. Prizes are awarded to the two mem-
bers of the senior class who present the best essays on
English literature, on subjects assigned the previous term.

V. PRIZE SPEAKING. Prizes are awarded to the two
members of the junior and sophomore classes, respectively,
who deliver the best orations on the occasion of prize speak-
ing during commencement week. Six juniors and four
sophomores are selected for this exercise; regard being had
both to composition and to delivery.

The prizes are in the form of valuable books, and are
announced at commencement.

VI. SPECIAL PRIZE. The inaugural prize, established by
the president at his inauguration, is assigned from year to
year under such conditions as may be previously announced.

COLLEGE LIBRARIES.

There are three libraries connected with the institution, of
which the college library proper contains about twelve

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. ' 47

thousand volumes, the Philomathean Society library three
thousand, and the Adelphic three thousand volumes.*

COLLECTIONS IN NATURAL HISTORY.

From an early period the college has been a center of in-
terest for students of natural history, and collections were
added from time to time, especially in 1841, when a consid-
erable number of minerals and fossils were received from the
State cabinet. In 1860 the "Wheatley collection " of shells
and minerals, valued at the time as worth $20,000, and now
still more, was presented by Mr. E. C. Delavan.

The dredgings upon our coast in recent years have enriched
the cabinet with many forms of marine life, and within the
last three years an extensive collection of specimens was
added by Prof. H. E. Webster as the result of his labors in
dredging at Eastport, Me., on the coast of Massachusetts
and Virginia, and the west coast of Florida.

A valuable herbarium has been given by Dr. George T.
Stevens, of Albany.

PHILOSOPHICAL DEPARTMENT.

In this department the collections, under the care of Prof.
John Foster, have grown to be among the finest in the
country. The donations of friends have added largely to
their value,t but the principal part has been purchased by the
friends of the college or by special funds raised for this pur-

* In 1873 Mr. James Brown, of New York, gave the sum of $10,000,
under the name of the "Coe memorial fund." The income is applied
to increasing the college library, which it does at the rate of about two
hundred volumes a year.

t The donors to this department are William H. H. Moore, Hon. A.
H. Rice, Henry C. Potter, M.D., Henry R. Pierson, Howard Potter,
William A. Whitbeck, C. N. Potter, Lemon Thomson, and A. Q.
Stevens.

48 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

pose. The professor has very recently, while in Europe, pro-
cured many articles of especial interest as illustrating the
more advanced discoveries of the day. The more important
instruments owed by the college are as follows :

IN ELECTRICITY : Thompson's divided ring electrometer and reflecting
galvanometer; Wheatstone's bridge; British Association standard unit
of resistance; positive and negative electrophorus ; Holtz machine, by
Ruhmkorff; Grove's galvanic battery of 40 elements ; small induction
coil, giving spark of 2 inches, by Ruhmkorff; large coil with interrupter
giving spark of 17 inches ; battery of 4 jars, en cascade, for the large coil;.
Chester battery of 8 large elements ; Bunsen galvanic battery of 60 ele-
ments; Foucault's electric lamp; collection of Geissler tubes; magneto-
electric machine ; Morse register and relay magnet ; Gaugain's tangent
compass; Lament's electrometer for atmospheric electricity; pile of
Zamboni ; large thermo-electric pile of 36 elements according to Marcus's
method of construction; jar with movable coatings; apparatus for pierc-
ing glass with electricity.

IN MAGNETISM : Lament's magnetic theodolite for determining the
absolute intensity; additions to the theodolite for finding the absolute
declination; dipping needle for observations; magnetic engines.

IN LIGHT : Porte lumiere ; Duboscq's magic-lantern, adapted to the
use of either the electric or lime light; Marcey's sciopticon; complete
photographic apparatus ; circle for demonstrating the laws of reflection,
refraction, polarization, &c. ; Duboscq's apparatus for projecting upon a
screen all the phenomena of double refraction and polarization; solar
microscope with collection of objects; prism for the limiting angle; equi-
lateral flint-glass prism ; hollow prism with compartments for different
liquids; polyprism; mounted achromatic lens; 3 bisulphide of carbon
lenses; total reflection fountain; spectroscopes.

IN HEAT: Ruhmkorft's thermo-electric multiplier and pile; line pile
for showing calorific spectrum; collection of plates for diathermancy;
apparatus of Despretz for conduction; apparatus of Gay-Lussac for ten-
sion of vapors ; apparatus of Senarmont for the conduction of heat in
crystals; thermometer with reservoir; weight thermometer; wet bulb
hygrometer ; Breguet's metallic thermometer ; differential thermometer ;
apparatus of Tralles for maximum density of water ; set of balls of differ-
ent metals for specific heat; fire syringes of brass and of glass ; Regnault's
hypsometer and hygrometer; Wollaston's eryophorus.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 49

IN ACOUSTICS: From Konig of Paris : mouth-pieces. of several instru-
ments; model of locomotive whistle; set of 10 diapasons with resonant
cases ; set of 19 Helmholtz resonators ; double sirene of Helmholtz ; 5
diapasons with resonators for the vowel sounds ; large soufflerie for
organ-pipes and sirene; 64 organ-pipes for demonstrating theory of
vibrating air columns ; sonometer with 8 cordr. ; apparatus of Melde for
vibrating cords ; Konig's new apparatus for interference, shown by man-
ometric flames ; sets of plates for acoustic figures ; ear and speaking
trumpets; Dr. Auzoux's models of the ear and the larynx; wire-coil for
showing the mode in which both light and sound waves are propagated,
presented by Blake Brothers, of New Haven, Conn. ; apparatus of Lissa-
jou for showing vibrations by both the optical and graphical methods ;
Wheatstone's kaleidophone and wave apparatus j Schaffgotsch's appara-
tus ; Quincke's apparatus for measuring wave length.

IN PNEUMATICS: Air-pumps with their apparatus; Magdeburg hem-
ispheres and planes ; apparatus for compressing air ; apparatus for prov-
ing Mariotte's law.

IN STATICS AND DYNAMICS : Mechanical powers ; Atwood's machine ;
whirling-table; pendulum, &c.

IN HYDROSTATICS AND HYDRAULICS : Hydrostatic bellows and press ;
hydrometers ; Pascal's vases ; Mariotte's flask ; Prony's floater ; appara-
tus for demonstrating the laws of spouting fluids ; models of different
forms of fountains ; hydraulic ram ; models of various forms of pumps ;
models of water-wheels.

FOR PRECISE MEASUREMENTS: Steel scales of English and French
measures ; graduated vessels of various measures and volumes ; balances
by Becker and other makers ; spherometer by Buff and Berger; Wollas-
ton's goniometer; theodolites, &c.

The following are some of the principal pieces recently received from
London and Paris :

Mechanics. Inclined plane of Galileo, Atwood's machine ; apparatus
of Bourdon Kater's pendulum ; manometer of Bourdon ; hydrostatic
balance ; gyroscope of Hardy and of Fessel ; models of screws, of pen.
dulums, and of escapements ; large apparatus showing the principal
transformations of movement-dividing machine.

Heat. Volumometer of Say and of Regnault ; pyrometer with dial ;
apparatus for the absolute dilatation of liquids ; of Regnault, for dilata-
tion of gases, both under constant pressure and under constant volume ;
of Dalton for tension of vapors; of Regnault for same; of Gay-Lussac
4 U

50 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

for tension of vapors below freezing-point ; of Dalton for same in a vac-
uum j of Gay-Lussac for tension of mixed vapors and gases ; of Dumas
for density of vapors ; of Gay-Lussac for same ; of Regnault, with man-
ometer, for density of gas ; of Ritchie for -emission and absorption of
heat ; of Jamin for the conduction of heat ; calorimeter of Lavoisier and
Laplace; of Regnault for specific heat by cooling; of same, large size;
for specific heat by mixtures ; of Favre and Silbermann for measuring
heat of combustion ; of Dupretz for measuring latent heat of vaporiza-
tion ; of Regnault, for measuring the elastic force of compressed air,
and also of the tension of vapors both above and below 100 degrees C.,
complete; pyrheliometer of Pouillet; cathetometer, one meter in length,
graduated; apparatus of Pouillet for measuring the compressibility of
gases ; of Simon for capillarity ; of Bouligny, for the spheroidal state,
complete ; set of lenses, prisms, plates, c., for the Melloni apparatus ;
large machine of Natterer for liquefaction of azote and of carbonic acid ;
Carre's air-pump, exhausting and condensing with sulphuric acid ; res-
ervoir.

Electricity and magnetism. Large reflecting galvanometer of Weber
with telescope ; vertical differential galvanometer ; apparatus of Ampere ;
electric planisphere; gas pile of Grove; secondary pile of Plante; large
magnet of Jamin ; Alliance magnets ; electric machine ; portable Grove's
battery of fifty elements for the electric light ; large electro-magnet for
diamagnetism, rotation of polarized ray, &c. ; Delezenne's circle ; ther-
mo-electric pile ; set of resistance coils with bridge.

Acoustics. Regnault's chronograph with clock; apparatus of Crovee
for projection of wave motions.

Light. Large heliostat of Silbermann ; several forms of apparatus
for projecting colored rings of thin plates ; interference refractor Of
Jamin ; circle, complete, of Jamin and Senarmont ; combined polari _
scope and polarizing microscope ; Biot's apparatus, complete, for rotary
polarization, including Soleil's saccharometer ; vertical lantern ; prism
of Dessains ; large prism of Foucault ; polariscope of Arago ; photome-
ter of Foucault ; Becquerel's phosphoroscope ; prisms of Senarmont, of
Hartnack, of Jansen, of Rochon, and of Silbermann ; apparatus of
Delezenne; of Stokes; of conical prisms for caustics by reflection ; of
parabolic mirrors; of seven mirrors for recomposition of light; of two
large piles of glass for polarization ; a large Steinheil spectroscope with
four prisms ; large telemeter of Gautier.

Measurements.' Sets of French weights and measures of length and
of capacity, dry and fluid.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 51

ART DEPARTMENT.

The sum of $3,000 per annum, the gift of Miss Catharine L.
Wolfe, of New York, has afforded the means for beginning
a collection in this department, and it is proposed, as soon as
practicable, to establish a professorship that shall control and
develop the interests therein. The completion of Memorial
Hall will afford a fine opportunity for the preservation and
display of works of art.*

COLLEGE MAGAZINES AND PERIODICALS.

The Floriad was published by the Philomathean Society in
the early -years of this century. A few numbers of this, of
i8ri, are in the Boston City Library.

The Student' s Album commenced in 1827. This contained
essays and tales, literary and scientific items, and notices of
new works.

The Parthenon and Academician's Magazine. The first vol
nme of this dated in i832-'33, and was continued two years.

Union College Magazine. Begun in 1860, under the joint
auspices of the Philomathean, Adelphic, and Theological So-
cieties, two editors being appointed by each. It is still con-
tinued, and has been from the first of very creditable literary
character. Three numbers appear annually, one each term,
and in the third year there was begun a series of portraits,
one in each number, of distinguished men once connected
with the college.

The Unionian was started about the same time as the lat-
ter, by members of the sophomore class. It subsequently
assumed the quarto form and appeared monthly.

* A series of portraits of older members of the faculty is being made
for the hall, and it is proposed to gather as large a collection as can be
made of the portraits and busts of such as have been prominently con-
nected with the history of the college.

52 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

The Spectator is under the care of a corps of editors from the
advanced classes and representatives of the law and medical
schools in Albany belonging to Union University. It is still
published monthly, partaking more of the journalistic char-
acter, while the Union College Magazine represents the more
literary features of the magazine.

THE SONGS OF UNION.

This feature of college literature deserves a passing notice.
For many years they were floating waifs, and although some
of them were productions of real merit, no collection was
attempted until 18 , when they were published in a neat
volume entitled " Carmina Concordiae," under the editorial
care of a member of the class of 1856.*

OTHER COLLEGE PUBLICATIONS.

Xo catalogues were published in the early years, and when
the practice was begun it was limited to a broad sheet.

The regular annual issue began in 1820, and in 1832 a
separate edition was published by the students. The latter
usually contain the lists of secret and other societies not in
the official edition. General catalogues were published in
1819, 1825, 1828, 1834, 1843, 1854, and 1868, the last two
being in English, and the earlier ones in Latin.

* A few of these songs are perennial in their fragrance, and are always
sung on festive occasions. This is especially true of the song to Old
Union, composed by Fitzhugh Ludlow, of the class of 1856, and now
deceased. It is always sung on commencement day, .at the close of the
graduating services. The hearty good will and feeling with which return-
ing sons join in the grand chorus

"Then here's to thee, the brave and free,
Old Union smiling o'er us,
And for many a day, as thy walls grow gray,
May they ring with thy children's chorus,"
show thai the gifted poet did not attune his lyre in vain.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 53

The affairs of Union College have been frequently made a
subject of report to the legislature, and these papers are scat-
tered through the legislative records, and their titles are readily
found in the general indexes. No complete series is known
to exist in collected form.

Sent i-cen ten n ial proceedings.

The semi-centennial proceedings in 1845 and 1854 were
published, the former making 186 and the latter 122 pages.
The semi-centennial proceedings of the Philomathean Society
were published in 1849 in a volume of 154 pp.; quarter-
centennial proceedings of K. A., 1851.

The proceedings at the inauguration of presidents.

The exercises connected with the inauguration of Re\\
Charles A. Aiken, D. D., June 28/1870.

Proceedings at the inauguration of Rev. E. Nott Potter,
D. D., as president of Union College, 1872.

Catalogues.

A catalogue of the college library has never been printed,
but one of the Philomathean Society was printed in 1833,
1841, 1856, and 1863, and of the Adelphic Society in 1836'
1843, 1847, 1852, 1856.

These societies have repeatedly published catalogues of
their members, the principal editions being, of the Philo-
mathean, 1820, 1830, 1840, 1847, 1850; of the Adelphic,
1837, 1841, 1846, 1851; of the Delphian Institute, 1837,
1844.

General catalogues of the Phi Beta Kappa Society of
Union College were published in 1827, 1833, 1852 1860.

54 HISTORICAL SKETCH CF UNION COLLEGE.

Catalogues of secret societies have been published from
time to time, the principal of which were
K. A. 1842, 1845, 1850, 1859, 1874.
S. $. 1838, 1846, 1850, 1853.
J. 0. 1835, 1840, 1845.

y. r. 1842, 1849, 1864.

X. V. 1849, 1852, 1854.

0. A. Anti-Secret Confederation. 1847, 1850, 1853.

Fraternal Society. 1856.

9. A. X. 1875.

Besides these, there have been published from time to
time and altogether, in amount equal to many volumes,
orations, addresses, and poems, delivered or read before the
college or its societies, by distinguished statesmen, scientists,
divines, and poets. The subjects embraced every field of
philosophy and literature, of political science and general
knowledge, and would, if collected, afford materials for a
publication of great permanent value.

The following are a portion of these publications :

Dr. E. Nott. Baccalaureate addresses. 1805, 1806, and
1811.

Samuel L. Mitchill. $. B. K. address. 1821.

Samuel Young. 0. B. A', address. 1826.

Daniel D. Barnard. Senate of Union College. 1843.

Benjamin F. Joslin. 0. B. K. 1833.

Thomas C. Reed. Discourse on Chester Averill. 1837.

D. D. Barnard. #. B. K. 1837.

William Kent. $. B. K. 1841.

Benjamin F. Butler. Senate of Union College. 1841.

Alfred B. Street. Poem. 0. B. K. 1842.

John W. Brown. Poem. 0. B. K. 1843.

William H. Seward. 0. B. K. 1844.

Alonzo Potter. Semi-centennial address. 1845.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 55

William B. Sprague. Theological Society. 1846.

John Todd. Literary Societies. 1846.

George P. Marsh. Literary Societies. 1847.

Ebenezer Halley. Theological Society. 1847.

Laurens P. Hickok. Theological Society. 1848.

Charles Sumner. $. B. K. 1849.

George W. Eaton. Literary Societies. 1849.

Tayler Lewis. $. B. K. 1850.

Thomas M. Clark. 0. B. K. 1851.

Luther F. Beecher. Theological Society. 1851.

Benjamin N. Martin. $. B. K. 1852.

Ralph Hoyt. Poem. 0. B. K. 1852.

Dr. E. Nott. Semi-centennial address. 1854.

Francis Wayland. Semi-centennial address. 1854.

George W. Clinton. $. B. K. 1857.

H. W. Warner. Semi-centennial. 1859.

D. H. Hamilton. Alumni address. 1861.

H. G. Warner. 0. B. K. 1861.

William Tracy. $. /?. K. 1862.

Robert J. Breckinridge. 0. B. K. 1865.

Tayler Lewis. State rights. 1865.

Tayler Lewis. Heroic periods in a nation's history. 1866.

C. N. Potter. <P. B. K. 1868.

Charles J. Jenkins. 0. B. K. 1874.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
GRANTS AND ENDOWMENTS.

( I ) Special public grants and endowments.

Land-grants.

Extent.

Value.

By what authority
granted.

osun

Conditions and
^ remarks.

fee

'0 O cS

< < >

Act of legislature,

1795

$3,750

For a library andi

April 9, 1795.
Act of April ii, 1796.
Act of March 30, 1797.

1796
1797

10,000

apparatus.
F"or buildings.
Professor's salary.

Act of March 7, 1800.
Act of March 7, 1800.

Act of April 8, 1801, j
April 3, 1802 |

1800
1800

1801 )
1802 {

10,000

College edifice.
Support of president
and professors.

General purposes.

5,500

J ,449

$43,484
9,378

(2) Special public grants of privileges producing funds.*

Date of grant.

Name of grant special object.

Amount.

By act of legislature, March 30, 1805.

Lottery for general purposes

$55,ooo

5, 1822.
Do

Do .

Lottery for library and apparatus

Lottery for indigent students

50,000

* In former times, when banking privileges were monopolies difficult to secure
and reasonably certain of large profits, the privilege of subscription to bank stocks
was sometimes granted to educational institutions as a bonus to aid their funds.
With this view, by an act passed April 2, 1813, the privilege of subscription to
the stock of several banks was granted to Union College- The enterprise resulted.
; n loss to the institution, instead of benefit.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.
(3) Special grants from corporations.

Grantors.

Date.

Amount.

Remarks.

Reformed Dutch Church of Schenectady. ..

1798
1708

8,307

Do.
Do

Presbytery of Albany .. .

1708

Do.

(4) Individual benefactors.*

Names.

Date.

Amount.

Object, &c-

Original subscriptions.

*795

$7,433

General purposes.
Do

Ybraham Yates jr

Eliphalet Nott

z 8-o

William and George Doug-
lass and sister, Mrs. Cru-
ger.
Divers small subscriptions . .
C. N. Potter, Howard Potter
H G Warner

1860
1859

,8 74

5,000

2,970
35,ooo

brary, astronomical observatory,
&c., originally called $610,000, but
now by accumulation inventoried
at $760,523; all given by trust deed.
For house for president and Mrs.
Nott.

For Memorial Hall.
.Do.

R M Blatchford

1868

jQ_ .

1,000

T H Powers

10,000

Rev. Jas. C. Van Benschoten
Rev. James A. H. Cornell. . .
H C Van Vorst

l86 4
l86 7
l875

Books.
Library.
Do

James Brown

I0 73
187-?

1875

Catharine L. Wolfe. .

187-3

J0 73

Do ...

187*

S B Brownell

jO-T

Do .

William H.H.Moore
Do

1874.

l87<l

1,928

Do.

Johnston Livingston .....

l87;

C S Titsworth

W T illiam Tracy

R. D Hitchcock

l874

Do.

William H. Scheiffelin
Hiram Gray

I8 74

100

Do.
Do

Robert Earl

iS?!?

Do.

Jno. A. Lansing

L. D. Baldwin

j87q

Do.

W r illiam A. Righter

1875

250

Do.

James H. Cook

1875

Do.

G. D. G. Moore

1875

250

Do.

\lex H. Rice

1872

Physical apparatus

Henrv C. Potter...

1872

400

' Do.

58 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

(4) Individual benefactors Continued.*

Names.

Date.

Amount.

Object, &c>

Henry R Pierson.. .--....-.

1872

Howard Potter

William A Whitbeck

1872

C N Potter

1872

Lemon Thomson
\nselE Stevens ......

1872
1872

200

Do.
Do.

Joseph W Fuller

1871

1874

Hamilton Harris

1874

I.O27

Divers small subscriptions . .
Benjamin Brandreth ......

1874
184-5

2,873
250

Do.
Physical apparatus.

E C Delavan

igco

(The Wheatlev collection of min-

erals and shells, valued at $20,000 )

Howard Potter

1870

(A painting 6x8 feet of Galileo

before the Inquisition.)
(Portrait of Dr. Wayland, late pres-

ident of Brown University.)
(A collection of shells valued $200.)

Mrs Harriet Gillespie

(A portrait of the late Professor

William M. Gillespie.)

* Several of the large subscriptions since 1870 have been given in aid of the
Christian Union Endowment Fund, as a measure tending to perpetuate and
strengthen the unity which first suggested the name of the college, and which is
expressed in the motto of the newly adopted seal : " In Essentials, Unity ; in Non-
essentials, Liberty ; in all things, Charity." This fund is designed to be applied
in the erection of new buildings, and in otherwise advancing the material interests
of the college.

Unproductive funds, {not before mentioned.)

Value.

Remarks.

THE GREATEST WANT OF THE COLLEGE.

Although Union College has ample facilities and consider-
able special endowments, it most needs funds that may be
applied to general objects. The expenses of living have so
increased that men receiving salaries deemed sufficient twenty
years ago, cannot now afford to give their services without

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 59

an increase of pay. A grant restricted to a particular use
affords them no relief; and in this respect most of the older
colleges of the country are in the same condition, and in one
sense poor. A professional endowment-fund would, perhaps,
confer the most substantial benefit to education of any meas-
ure that could be proposed, as by this means alone the highest
talent can be secured in a faculty, and therein the greatest
benefit conferred upon students.*

SUCCESSION IN THE SEVERAL PROFESSORSHIPS OF UNION
COLLEGE.

Professors of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy.

1797, Col. John Taylor, A.M., died 1801.

1798, Cornelius Vander Heiivel, M.D., died 1799.

1800, Benjamin Allen, LL.D., resigned 1809.
1805, Rev. Thomas Macauley, D.D., resigned 1822.
1810, Frederic R. Hassler, resigned 1811.

1816, Rev. Francis Wayland, D.D., resigned 1826.
1822, Rev. Alonzo Potter, D.D., resigned 1826.
1827, Benjamin F. Joslin, LL.D., resigned 1837.
1831, Isaac W. Jackson, LL.D.
1839, John Foster, LL.D.

1865, John A. De Remer, adjunct professor of mathema-
tics, resigned 1867.

1875, Isaiah B. Price, C.E., adjunct professor of physics.

Professors of Greek and Latin Languages.

1797, Rev. Andrew Yates, D.D., resigned 1801.

1 80 1, Timothy Treadwell. Smith, A.M., died 1803.

* At the commencement of 1874, it was proposed to raise a fund for
^endowing three professorships, of $30,000 each, to be named in gratitude
to three old and faithful members of the faculty, the Jackson, Foster, and
Lewis professorships, the first benefits to be allowed them as emeriti
professores.

60 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

1807, Rev. Henry Davis, D.D., resigned 1810.

1818, Rev. Robert Proudfit, D.D., died 1860.

1849, Rev. Thomas C. Reed, D.D., resigned 1851.

1839, Rev. James Nichols, A.M., assistant professor, re-,
signed 1841.

1846, Rev. Robert M. Brown, D.D., assistant professor,
resigned 1846.

1852, Rev. John Newman, D.D., professor of Latin, re-
signed 1863.

1858, Benjamin Stanton, A.M., professor of Latin, died
1874.

1865, "William C. Macy, A.M., adjunct professor of Greek,
resigned 1866.

1863, Henry Whitehorne, A.M., professor of Greek.
1873, Rev. Robert T. S. Lowell, D.D., professor of Latin.

Professors of Moral and Mental Philosophy.

1814, Rev. Andrew Yates, D.D., resigned 1825.

1868, Nathan Hale, A.M., acting professor, resigned 1869.

Professors of Logic, Rhetoric ', and Belles-Lettres.

1811, Rev. Thomas C. Brownell, D.D., resigned 1819.
1831, Rev. Alonzo Potter, D.D., resigned 1845.
1839, Rev. John Nott, D.D., resigned 1854.
1849, Wendell L'Amoreux, A.M., resigned 1853.
1863, Rev. Nathaniel G. Clark, D.D., resigned 1866.

1866, Rev. Ransom B. Welsh, D.D.

Professors of Chemistry and Natural History.

1814, Rev. Thomas C. Brownell, D.D., resigned 1819.
1822, Joel B. Nott, A.M., resigned 1831.
1834, Chester Averill, A.M., died 1836.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 6 1

1837, Edward Savage, A.M., died 1840.
1839, Jonathan Pearson, A.M.

1855, Charles A. Joy, A.M., resigned 1857.
1858, Charles F. Chandler, LL.D., resigned 1865.
1865, Maurice Perkins, A.M.

Professors of Modern European Languages.

1806, Pierre Gregoire Reynaud, resigned 1822.

1826, Pierre Alexis Proal, D.D., resigned 1836.

1838, J. Louis Tellkampf, resigned 1843.

1849, Wendell L'Amoreux, A.M., resigned 1853.
1851, Elias Peissner, A.M., died 1863.
1865, William Wells, A.M.

Professors of Ancient Oriental Languages.

1827, Rev. John Austin Yates, D.D., died 1849.
1849, Tayler Lewis, LL.D.

Professors of Civil Engineering and Military Science.

1845, William M. Gillespie, LL.D., died 1868.

1868, Cady Staley, C.E.

1873, Capt. Thomas Ward, United States Army.

Professor of Anatomy and Physiology.
1849, Alexander M. Vedder, M.D., resigned 1863.

PRESENT FACULTY.

REV. ELIPHALET NOTT POTTER, D.D., President and
Professor of Moral Philosophy, and of the Evidences of
Christianity.

TAYLER LEWIS, LL.D,, Nott Professor (No. 6) of the
Oriental Languages, and Lecturer on Biblical and Classical
Literature.

62 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

ISAAC W. JACKSON, LL.D., Nott Professor (No. 2) of
Mathematics.

JOHN FOSTER, LL.D., Nott Professor (No. 8) of Natural
Philosophy.

JONATHAN PEARSON, A.M., Professor of Agriculture and
Botany.

HENRY WHITEHORNE, A.M., Nott Professor (No. i) of
the Greek Language and Literature.

WILLIAM WELLS, LL.D., Professor of Modern Languages
and Literature.

MAURICE PERKINS, A.M., M.D., Nott Professor (No. 3)
of Analytical Chemistry, and Curator of the Museum.

REV. RANSOM BETHUNE WELCH, D.D., LL.D., Nott
Professor (No. 5) of Logic, Rhetoric, and Mental Philosophy.

CADY STALEY, A.M., C.E., Professor of Civil Engineering.

HARRISON EDWIN WEBSTER, A.M., Professor of Natural
History.

REV. ROBERT T. S. LOWELL, D.D., Professor of the
Latin Language and Literature.

CAPT. THOMAS WARD, U.S.A., Professor of Military Science
and Director of Physical Culture.

ISAIAH B.. PRICE, C.E., Adjunct Professor of Physics.

CHARLES JAMES COLCOCK, C.E., Tutor in Mathematics.

JONATHAN PEARSON, A.M., Treasurer and Librarian.

EDGAR MARSHALL JENKINS, ESQ., Assistant Treasurer and
Registrar.

HENRY COPPEE, LL.D., Lectures on History.

SYDNEY A. NORTON, A.M., M.D., Lectures on Experi-
mental Physics.

REV. EDWARD A. WASHBURN, D.D., Lecture.: on Old
English Literature.

REV. SAMUEL OSGOOD, D.D., LL.D., Lectures on Ger-
man Literature and Modern Thought.

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 63

PROF. M. WENDELL L/AMOREUX, A.M., Lectures on the
South European Languages and Literature.

PROF. SELAH HOWELL, A.M., Lectures on English
Literature.

Preparatory Department.

CHARLES STORRS HALSEY, A.M., Nott Professor, (No. 7,)
Principal of the Classical Institute.

SAMUEL BURNETT HOWE, A.M., Adjunct Nott Professor,
(No. 4,) Principal of Union School and Superintendent of
the Schools of Schenectady.

64 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Statistics of attendance and graduation.

Years.

Undergraduate classes.

Lett without gradu-
ating.

Graduated, (A. B.)

Years.

Undergraduate classes.

Left without gradu-
ating.

Graduated, (A. B.)

I
fe

.2
'H

a
u

S
.c

I
2

1
i >

1
1

77
105

IO2
122
112
84
9 6

79
in

99
1 02
140
104

102

106

102
I 3

J 45
159
148
140
124

B
11

29
24
i4

18-6

3
17-

3 2
27

3 2
24
S 2
3
2 7

8
16
28
4i
62
35
4 1
42
40

36
46
16
25

21
27
28
17
17
22
2 7
2O

33
39

75
72
65
48

6 4

54
45
59
66
72
78
59
64

So
38
5
62
89
97
98
104
i5
92
80
72
66
73
52
43
43
37
37
25
23
25
23
32

100

99
109

80
96

11
69

9 6
8 9

97
83
68
70
87

122
I 3 2
121
134
133
I0 9

8 9
7 6

81
72

59
46

4
46
26
18

288
306

295
278
265
242

222

243
289
2 99
328
322
266
257
235
223
2 4 I
3 00
383

395
411

44
437
39

285
294

219
223

^64
114
103
89
134
160

32
19
16
24
J 9

16
17
19
25
23
20

3i
33

g
58

11
$

40
41
3
29
29
18

19
12

71
91

79
109

f
69
62
50

7 8
91

18
26
24
13
18

21
14

J 837

1708

4
6
ii
6

6
14
7
7
8
17
15
13
M

1838..
1839..
1840. .
1841. .
1842..
1843..
1844.-
1845
1846..
1847.

1800..

1801 .
1802 . .

1807

1804 . .
1805 .

1806 . .
1807

1808 . .
1800

12
17

18
29

27
28

1848..
1849..
1850. .
1851. .

1810 . .
1811

1812 .

2 4
15
19
II
12

45
40

39
So
43

1852. .
1853..
1854-
1855..
1856. .
1857.-
1858..

1813..
1814 .

1815 ..
1816

1817 . .

1818 ..

1819 . .
1820 . .
1821 ..
1822 . .
1823 ..
1824 . .
1825..

59
58
46
53
44
39

81
76

240

255
2 35
234
209
208

22
26
21

13
ii

66
76
62

1859.-
1860..
1861..
1862..
1863..
1864..
1865..

1826 . .
1827

68
6

1866..

1828..
1820

14
9
J 3

18
17
J 7

82
96
76
70

< 9
64

1869..
1870. .
1871..
1872. .
1873..
1874..
187=;

1830 . .

l8^2 .

1833
1834 . .
1835..

33 46'
26 78

'83'
75

g
8 9

'228'
268

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Students in civil engineering.

.23 -r

Years.

3 W

Years.

3 W

S ^"

s^*

C/3

1857....

1862....

1867.. .

1872....

1858

1863....

1868.. .

1873....

1859....
1860 ....

1864....
1865....

1869.. .
1870. . .

8
6

1874....
1871:

1861 ....

1866....

,23

1871.. .

Students in analytical chemistry.

Years.

Number of
students.

Years.

Number of
students.

Years.

Number of
students.

Years.

Number of
students.

1857

X 862

1867 . .

1858 .

1863

1868

1859

1864

1869 .

1874.

1860 . .

1865

1870

1861

X 866

1871

5 u

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

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HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 67

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HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION* COLLEGE. 69

HONORARY DEGREES CONFERRED BY UNION COLLEGE.

From the year 1795 to the year 1875, a period of eighty
years from the incorporation of the college, the total number
of honorary degrees conferred was as follows: A.B., ya;
A.M., 241; D.D., 219; LL.D., 97; being an average of
less than i A.B., 3 A.M., between 2 and 3 D.D., and
between i and 2 LL.D., per annum. The attention of
the board having been called by the president of the
college to the fact that the tendency of late years had been
to greatly increase the number of honorary degrees con-
ferred, the conferring of honorary degrees was omitted on
the occasion of his inauguration. At the meeting of the
board of trustees incident to the following commencement
it was ordered that only by unanimous consent could an
honorary degree be conferred upon any person whose name
had not been submitted ninety days previously, and the
Hon. Judge Nott, of the Court of Claims, gave notice of a
resolution to be offered at the next meeting of the board,
limiting, also, the number of degrees to be conferred. It
was thought just that these restrictions should not be
imposed until after certain names presented to the board,
with the anticipation from former precedents of a favorable
result, had been acted upon. The resolution offered by
Judge Nott, seconded by the president of the college, and
unanimously adopted by the board, is as follows :

Resolved, That the committee on degrees hereafter, until
otherwise instructed, will report to the board only two
persons for the honorary degree of Doctor of Literature and
Laws, and three persons for the degree of Doctor of
Divinity.

The first commencement after the adoption of the above

70 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

resolution, was that of June, 1875; the terms of the resolu-
tion were then and will henceforward be strictly complied
with.

PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT.

An academic school in connection with Union College was
established by President Nott immediately after his election
in 1804. The teachers in this school were appointed by him,
and the principal was recognized by the laws of the college
as a member of the faculty. This academic school became
popular and extensively useful for many years the pupils
prosecuting the irstudies therein greatly exceeding in number
the students prosecuting their studies in the classes in college.
Among the distinguished men who successively held the
office of principal in this school, which was conducted in the
two lower rooms of the west college, were Rev. Dr. Thomas
Macauley, Rev. John Mabin, Rev. Daniel H. Barnes, Hon.
Aaron Clark, and Rev. Dr. Ichabod S. Spencer.

On the 7th of April, 1818, an act was passed authorizing
the revival and re-organization of the Schenectady Academy j
under this act the academy was re-organized by the elec-
tion of a board of trustees on the ist day of April following.

Three departments were instituted by the board: the
first embracing the course of studies requisite for admission
into college; the second calculated for the education of
those youths who do not wish to go through a college course ;
the- third adapted to the instruction of young ladies. The
first department instituted by the board succeeded to and
was intended to embrace the object for which the academical
school aforesaid was founded, and that school was merged
in said department.

The Rev. Dr. Nathan N. Whiting was appointed principal
of the academy, the late Lewis Beck instructor in the Eng-
lish department, and Gen. Jacob Gould instructor in the

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. - 71

female department. Mr. William Beattie succeeded as prin-
cipal of said school to Rev. Mr. Whiting, and on his resigna-
tion in 1828, Daniel Fuller was appointed principal.

To the Schenectady Academy, the Schenectady Lyceum,
incorporated under the general law for the incorporation of
academies, succeeded, and continued until the re-organization
of the schools in 1854.

By an act passed April 9, 1854, the "board of education of
the city of Schenectady " was constituted, with ample powers
to re-organize the schools of the city, and also to purchase of
the trustees of Union College " the building heretofore known
as West College for the use of said common schools and an
academical department."

In accordance with this law the trustees of Union College
sold the West College to the city in 1854. At the same time
an arrangement was made by which so long as the city
reserved two suitable rooms for the academical or classical
department, the college, under provisions of Dr. Nott's trust-
deed, would pay the salary of the principal of said depart-
ment and give free tuition to such pupils as entered Union
College from said classical department.

The first principal of the classical department was Prof.
Benjamin Stanton, who died in 1874. The second was Prof.
Henry Whitehorne, now professor of Greek in Union Col-
lege ; and the third and present incumbent is Prof. Charles
S. Halsey.

In 1872 a large and commodious building was purchased
by Union College -for the use of the classical department,
which was re-organized under the name of the Union Clas-
sical Institute. The premises are valued -at $15,000.

Its affairs are managed by ten persons, called the " board
of education." They are elected by the legal voters of the
city, and serve for a term of two years. Three prizes have

72 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

been established, of the value of $50 each, for the best essays
in writing and speaking. Instruction is given by one male
and four female teachers; and the course of instruction is
divided into three terms in a year of thirteen weeks each.
Present attendance, 60 males and 75 females.

UNION UNIVERSITY.

Union College, we have seen, was located at Schenectady
because the intelligent statesmen and scholars of the period
saw the immediate necessity of a large collegiate institution
for the center of the State, and one which should, as far as
possible, utilize all interests, harmonizing and combining them
into a union tending to produce strength and permanence..
It was quite natural that the capital should, under the cir-
cumstances, be claimed as a suitable location on account of
its ease of access at that time by water, and the fact that it
was the political center of the State. General Schuyler, of
Albany, was prominent among those who were convinced of
the advantage of placing an institution for the academic
training of young men far enough from the capital to be free
from its diverting attractions, and yet not so distant as to be
difficult of access to this great central power of the State. To
him Schenectady, with its favorable location on the Mohawk
and its comparative retirement, so conducive to successful
study, seemed just the spot, and his influence thrown into the
balance decided the question in its favor.

About forty years after the incorporation of Union College
the people of Albany conceived the idea of establishing a
series of post-graduate institutions at the capital, and began
by the founding of a medical school. For the following suc-
cinct history of the medical college, the law school, and the
Dudley Observatory, we are largely indebted to an outline

HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 73

prepared by one long connected with these Albany institu-
tions.*

ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE.

At a meeting of citizens of Albany held April 14, 1838, the
following resolution was adopted :

Resolved, That this meeting deem it expedient to establish
a medical college in this city, and to endeavor hereafter to
obtain an act of incorporation from the legislature.
To give immediate effect to this resolution, Samuel Stevens
and George Dexter, esquires, were appointed a committee to
prepare articles of association ; a building for the use of the
proposed institution was obtained from the city authorities*
and the sum of ten thousand dollars was subscribed as pre-
liminary to its more ample endowment. A few weeks after,
Judge Harris, on the part of the board of trustees, reported
the appointment of the following persons as the members of
the first faculty of the Albany Medical College, viz : Drs.
Alden March, James H. Armsby, Ebenezer Emmons, Henry
Green, and David McLachlan. The Hon. Amos Dean was
at the same time appointed professor of medical jurisprudence.
Soon after Dr. David M. Russ was added to the faculty, and
George Dexter, esq., was made treasurer of the board of
trustees.

* These historical summaries of the Albany institutions forming a part
of Union University, as now recognized by law, are inserted in this con-
nection to complete the account of the university, and as the best that
can be had at this moment. They were prepared by Dr. James H.
Armsby, recently deceased, and from his own intimate connection with
their origin and management, he could not speak of them with that free-
dom which another person acquainted with the facts might justly have
done. They are not, therefore, presented in this connection as a model
of full histories, and when completed for the final report they will em-
brace more precise dates and statistics than are at hand as these pages go
to press.

F. B. H.

74 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

Among distinguished members of the medical profession
who have filled the vacancies that have from time to time
been caused by the death or resignation of members of the
original faculty, are Drs. Thomas Hun, Gunning S. Bed-
ford, James McNaughton, Lewis C. Beck, T. Rorneyn Beck,
Howard Townsend.

The holding of surgical cliniques was introduced at an
early period in the history of the college, and has been con-
tinued to the present time.

The museum of the college, originally consisting of the
private anatomical and pathological collections of Drs.
March, Armsby, and McNaughton, presented by them to the
college, has been constantly increasing in extent and value,
and is now not inferior to that of any medical college in the
country. Dr. March made a liberal bequest to the college
for the care and preservation of his collection.

The college still occupies the old Lancaster school building?
the use of which was granted by the common council of the
city of Albany, but extensive additions have been made to
the original edifice.

In the immediate vicinity of the college is the kindred
institution, the Albany Hospital. This noble charity, which
receives the liberal support of the citizens of Albany, fur-
nishes gratuitous treatment to all indigent persons who apply
for it. Many of the professors are connected with it, and the
students are admitted without charge to its diniques, lectures,
and practice.

ALBANY LAW SCHOOL.

The law school was incorporated under an act of the legis-
lature in the spring of 1851. The trustees met on the 2ist
of April, and organized the school by the following appoint-
ments : President of the board of trustees, Thomas W. Ol-
cott, esq. ; secretary, Orlando Meads, LL.D. ; professors,

HISTORICAL SKEtCH OF UNION COLLEGE. 75

Ira Harris, LL.D., Amasa J. Parker, LL.D., and Amos
Dean. LL.D.; president of the faculty, Hon. Greene C.
Bronson.

At its origin the law school was dependent upon the almost
unaided efforts of its professors. It had no endowment, and
it was with difficulty that lecture rooms for its use could be
procured. The first lectures were given in the third story of
the Albany Exchange, formerly occupied by the Young Men's
Association. The first class numbered only twenty-three stu-
dents. While the school was thus suffering from the need of
a permanent location, the trustees of the medical college
generously offered a piece of land lying south of the building
which they occupied, as a site for a lecture hall, and by the
effort of friends a sum was raised sufficient to defray the ex-
pense of its erection. When in 1860 more extensive accom-
modations were required, the necessary additions and provi-
sions were made at the expense of the professors. Since then
the number of students has rapidly increased.

At the present time more ample accommodations are again
needed, and the faculty look with confidence to the liberal
citizens of Albany for assistance in erecting a new and larger
edifice.

THE DUDLEY OBSERVATORY.

This institution was incorporated by the legislature in
March, 1852. It was named in honor of Charles E. Dudley,
as an acknowledgment of the munificent contributions made
to its endowment by his widow, Mrs. Blandina Dudley. Prof.
O. M. Mitchel selected the site and Gen. Stephen Van Rens-
selaer gave the land on which the observatory building was
erected. The trustees have since purchased additional land,
amounting in all to eight acres, about half a mile north of the
capitol. .The building was completed in 1854, from plans
furnished by Prof. Mitchel.

76 HISTORICAL SKETCH OF UNION COLLEGE.

The observatory was inaugurated on the 28th of August,
1856, at the meeting of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science. The inaugural address on that
occasion was delivered by Edward Everett. A eulogy on
Charles E. Dudley was also pronounced by Washington Hunt.

Mrs. Dudley's donations, including bequest, amount to more
than one hundred and five thousand dollars. The aggregate
donations amount to more than two hundred thousand dol-
lars. More than one hundred thousand dollars have been
expended on the buildings, instruments, grounds, and other
objects, and seventy thousand dollars invested as a permanent
fund for the support of the institution.

The observatory is amply furnished with instruments pro-
cured, without regard to expense, from the best European
and American artists ; of these the Olcott meridian circle is
worthy of especial note.

Since its connection with Union University, three build-
ings have been erected for the several departments of a
physical observatory.

The meteorological department of the latter is already in
operation, under the direction of Gen. Albert J. Myer, chief
of the United States Signal-Service.

In 1869 a charter was granted for an astronomical observ-
atory at Schenectady, under separate trustees, but in the in-
terest of the College. The act contemplated a loan from the
State, but this failing, the project was given up, and the more
recent connection of the Dudley Observatory at Albany,
under a university charter, has supplied, in the ample equip-
ment of a first-class observatory, every needed facility in this
department.

INDEX.

Page.

Academy, gift of 57

Academy, Schenectady 6, 8

Addresses, titles of published 54

Aiken, Rev. Charles A. 22

Albany Law-School 74

Albany Medical College 73

Alumni association 42

Alumni, home residence of 65

Analytical chemistry, students in 65

Anatomy and physiology, professors of 6 1

Ancient Oriental languages, professors of 61

Apparatus 48, 5 7, 58

Armsby, Dr. James H 73

Art department 51

Attendance and graduation, statistics of 64

Bibliography of faculty 19

Blatchford oratorical medals . ...... . ... . .... .... 46, 5 7

Botanical garden 25

Brown, James, fund given by 47, 5 7

Brownell, Rev. Thos. C 16, 19

Buildings, former II, 12, 15

Buildings, present 23

Carmina concordiae , 52

Catalogues 53

Charlotte County, memorial from 5

Chemistry, analytical, students in . .... 65

Chemical laboratory ........ 39

Chemistry and natural history, professors of 60

Christian Union endowment fund 58

City hall 12

City schools, classical department 71

Civil engineering .... 38

7 8 INDEX.

Page.

Civil engyieering, department of 38

Civil engineering, course of study in 39

Civil engineering, professors of , 61

Civil engineering, students in 65

Classical studies, comparison of periods 26-3 1

Clinton College, project of. . . 5

Coe memorial fund 47

Collections in natural history 47

College magazines and periodicals 51

Colonnades 23

Commencement exercises, place of holding. , 9

Course of study 25

Course of study, comparison of periods ,.. 26-3 7

Decline of college during the war 22

Degrees, honorary 69

Delavan, E. C. , gift of 47, 58

Douglass, W. and G., gift of 57

Dudley, Mrs. Blandina, bequest of 76

Dudley Observatory 75

Edwards, Rev. Jonathan 9, 19

Endowments, early n

Faculty, present 61

Foster, Prof. John 18

Foster, Prof. John, collections of apparatus by 47

Fuller, Joseph W., gift of 58

Gardens 25

Gillespie, William M 18,21,38

Graduation, statistics of 64

Grants and endowments 56

Greek and Latin, professors of 59

Grounds, description of 24

Gynmasium , . 24

Hassler, Prof. F.'R 18

Herbarium from Dr. George T. Stevens 47

Hickok, Rev. Laurens P .* 16, 19

Home residence of alumni 65

Honorary degrees 69

Hooker, Philip, architect 12

Inauguration proceedings 53

INDEX. 79

Page.

Individual benefactors ^- . 57

Ingham prize 46, 5 7

Jackson, Prof. Isaac W 17,20

Jackson garden 25

Joslin, Dr. B. F 17,20

King's College 5

Laboratory, chemical 39

Lancasterian School i 12

Land-grants - 5^

Legislative grants - 5^

Lewis, Prof. Tayler 18, 21

Libraries .. .. .... ...... . . 46

Literary societies 41

Logic, rhetoric, and belles-lettres, professors of 60

Lottery grants 12, 13, 14, 56

Lowell, Rev. R. T. S 21

Macauley, Rev. Thomas 1 6

McClelland, Dr. John, benefactions of 44

Magazines and periodicals 51

Mathematics, professors of 59

Maxcy, Rev. Jonathan 9

Memorial hall 23

Meteorological station 76

Military instruction 41

Military science, professors of 61

Modern European languages, professors of 61

Moral and mental philosophy, professors of 60

Name of college, origin of. . 8

Natural history, collections in 47

Natural philosophy, professors of. ........ . ... ........ 59

Newman, Rev. John ... ... 18

North College 23

Nott, Rev. Eliphalet 10, 19

Nott, Joel B 17

Nott, Rev. John 17

Nott scholarships 45> 5 7

Olcott meridian circle 76

Olivier models 38

Organization and early history 5

So INDEX.

Page.

Pearson, Jonathan 1 7, 20

Peissner, Prof. Elias 18, 21

Periodicals, college 51

Perkins, Prof. Maurice 18

Philosophical department 47

Portraits, collection of 51*58

Potter, Rev. Alonzo 16, 20

Potter, C. N. and H., gift of 57

Potter, Rev. Eliphalet Nott 22

Prefatory note 3

Preparatory department 70

Preparatory department, professors in 63

Present buildings 23

Present faculty 61

Present grounds 24

President's house 24

Prize essays 46

Prize speaking 46

Prizes and medals 46

Proal, Rev. P. A 17

Professors of over ten years' service 16

Professorships, succession in 59

Proudfit, Rev. Robert 16

Publications by faculty - 19

Ramee, M., plans by 13

Recent history 22

Reed, Rev. Thomas C 17

Reformed Dutch Church, gift of 57

Residence of alumni 65

Reynaud, Gregoire 16

Romeyn, Rev. Dirck 7

Schenectady Academy 70, 71

Schenectady, early project of a college at 5

Schenectady, gift of trustees of 57

Schenectady Lyceum 71

Scholarships 43, 5 7

Scientific studies, comparison of periods 32-37

Secret societies 42

Semi-centennial of college 17

INDEX.

Page.

Semi-centennial of Dr. Nott's presidency , 19

Semi-centennial publications 53

Signal-service station 76

Site of permanent college 13

Smith, Rev. John Blair 9, 19

Societies, college 41

Songs of Union 5 2

South college 23

Special prizes 46

Stevens, Dr. George T. , herbarium of 47

Students from other colleges 15

Study, comparison of periods -- 26-37

Succession in professorships 59

Tryon County, memorial from 5

Union Classical Institute 71

Union University 7 2

Vedder, Dr. A. M 18

Wants of the college 59

Warner prize 46, 57

Wayland, Rev. Francis 16, 20

Webster, H. E., contributions of , 47

Wells, Prof. William 18

West college 12

Wheatley collection 47> 5 8

Wolfe, Miss Catharine L., benefactions of 43 , 5 1, 57

Wolfe, John David 43

Yates, Rev. Andrew 16

Yates, Rev. John A 17

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