UC SOUTHERN REGION/-! 
 
 AA 000 621 694 9 
 
 (1 0P61 . 
 
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 iBBued Angnst 15, 1912. 
 
 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 
 BUREAU OF STATISTICS— Circular 32. 
 
 VICTOR H. OLMSTED, Chief op Bureau. 
 
 COTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 1790-1911. 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
 
 GEORGE K. HOLMES, 
 
 Chief of the Division of Production and Distribution. 
 
 WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1912
 
 ADDITIONAL COPIES of this publication 
 -t\- may be procured from ttie Superintend- 
 ent OF Documents, Government Printing 
 OfiBce, Washington, D. C, at 5 cents per copy.
 
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 YRU 
 
 OC/^5i(93^^ 
 
 COTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1790-1911. 
 
 Iiitolli<,'ent use of the fuUowinfr table depends upon observiniij those ex{jlanation8: 
 Year.— The year mentioned is, for ])i-odiiclioM, that of plaiitint^ and f,'ro\vth; but 
 giiuiinj^ continues Into the foUowuig calendar year. \\'hen, iji want of figures for 
 production, a commercial crop is taken, this represents the trade movement begixming 
 September 1 of the growth year and ending Auguet 31 of the following year. The year 
 of exports and imports begins October 1 of the growth year for the j)eriod 1790-1842 
 (1842 is a nijie-month year); July 1 for 1843-GG (186G is a 14-month year); and Sep- 
 tember 1 for 1SG7 and subsequently; except that the average price of exports per 
 pound given for the years 1791-1800 (average for following and nearly coincident 
 calendar years adopted) is derived from a report of Secretary of Treasury Woodbury 
 (Ex. Doc. No. 146, 24th Cong., 1st sess.) 
 
 Area. — Of production: Contiguous United States; of trade: Contiguous United 
 States, and, subsequent to their annexation, Alaska. Hawaii, and Porto Rico; of total 
 consumption: Contiguous United States, no allowance being made for the production 
 and trade of Alaska, Hawaii, and Porto Rico, because too small, if anything, to affect 
 the result. 
 
 Production — number of running bales.— 1790-1834 and 1839, production, total 
 net weight in pounds divided by net weight per bale; 1835-38, 1840-48, 1850-58, 
 18G0, 1865-68, 1870-78, 1880-83, commercial crop, Latham, Alexander & Company's 
 Cotton Movement and Fluctuation; 1884-88, 1890-98, United States Department of 
 Agriculture; 1849, 1859, 1869, 1879, 1889, ]899, and subsequently, production. Census, 
 1861-64, commercial crop. Production and Price of Cotton for One Hundred Years, by 
 James L. Watklns, Bulletin No. 9, Bureau of Statistics, United States Department of 
 Agriculture. Lbiters included, 1899 and subsequently. Number of ru nn ing bales 
 of linters, 1899, 114,544; 1900, 143,500; 1901, 166,026; 1902, 196,223; 1903, 195,752; 
 1904, 245,973; 1905, 230,497; 1906, 322,064; 1907, 268,060; 1908, 346,126; 1909, 
 313,478; 1910, 397,628; 1911, 556,276. 
 
 Production — 500-pound bales. — Linters included, 1899 and subsequently, with 
 same number of bales as above for 1899-1902; 500-pound bales in 1903, 194,486; 1904, 
 241,942; 1905, 229,539; 1906, 321,689; 1907, 268,282; 1908, 345,507; 1909, 310,433; 
 1910, 397,072; 1911, 557,575. 
 
 Production — net weight pee bale. — 1790-1898, Bulletin No. 9, above, and 
 Latham, Alexander & Co., above, except that for tie Census crops of 1849, 1859, and 
 1869 tlie equivalent 400-pound bale, net lint, computed for the Census, is adopted, 
 1899 and subsequently, Census. Linters not included. 
 
 Production — total net weight. — 1790-1834, production, report of Secretary Wood- 
 bury, above; 1839, 1902, and subsequently, production, (_"ensus; 1835-38, 1840-48, 
 1850-58, 1860-68, 1870-78, 1880-88, 1890-98, commercial crop; 1849, 1859, 1869, 1879, 
 1889, 1899, 1900, and 1901, production, niuuber of bales multiplied by average net 
 weight per bale. Linters not included. 
 
 Production— PER acre.— 1868-78, 1880-88, 1890-98, 1900 and subsequently, 
 Bureau of Statistics, United States Department of Agriculture; 1879, 1889, 1899, 
 Census. 
 
 Price per pound of lint. — 1869-98, and 1907 and subsequenth-, farm price, 
 December 1, Bureau of Statistics, Department of Agriculture, specific inquiry; 1899, 
 Census, total farm value divided by total net weight, 1900-1, no ijiformation; 1902-6, 
 51497°— 12 3
 
 4 COTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, 1790-1911. 
 
 Census, New Orleans Cotton Exchange value for upland cotton, computed by multi- 
 plyinc: total net weiijlit by mean exchange ])rire for ostimated average grade, and 
 Charleston and Savaxuiah Cotton Exchange value for sea-island cotton. Linters not 
 included. 
 
 Total value of lint. — Total net weight multiplied by price per pound, except 
 for 1S99, Census. Lintors not included, because includod in value of seed, which was 
 in total as follows for the only years for Avhich ascertainable: At the farm, 1899, 
 $46,950,575; at the mill, 1902, $80,209,194; 1903,184,050,000; 1904, $90, 930,000; 1905, 
 $75,470,000; 1906, $81,340,000; 1907, $87,330,000; 1908, $92,420,000; 1909, $123,740,000; 
 1910, $142,860,000; 1911, $127,420,000. 
 
 Domestic exports.- — Including reexports 1790-1800, not including reexports 1801- 
 19, American State Papers; 1820-1906, Bureau of Statistics, Department of Commerce 
 and Labor. Civil War, 1860-64, and deficient record of exports. Linters included, 
 1897 and subsequently; uncertain whether included before 1897 and after this class 
 of cotton first appeared in trade, soon after 1870. 
 
 Imports, less reexports. — Imports, including reexports 1790-1800, not including 
 reexports 1801-18, American State Papers; 1819, Report of Secretary Woodbury, 
 above; 1820 and subsequently. Bureau of Statistics, Department of Commerce and 
 Labor, except that the imports given for the years 1791-93 are for the following 
 calendar years, being nearly coincident with the commercial crop years, and the 
 report of imports for 1857-60 is wanting or only fragmentary as to quantity. 
 
 Linters. — 1899 and subsequently, included in production of running bales and 
 equivalent 500-pound bales, and in consumption. Included in domestic exports, as 
 explained above. 
 
 Consumption. — Linters included, 1899 and subsequently. No account taken of 
 stocks at beginning and end of year. The figures are from the formula of production 
 plus net imports minus domestic exports, and do not stand for actual consumption 
 for any certain year, concerning which see annual bulletins of Bureau of the Census 
 concerning supply and distribution of cotton. 
 
 Consumption of unmanufactured fiber — per capita. — Weighted averages based 
 upon area and population of contiguous United States: 1790-95, 1.12 pounds; 1796, 
 1800, 2.05 pounds; 1801-5, 4.58 pounds; 1806-10, 3.98 pounds; 1811-15, 4.56 pounds; 
 1816-20, 4.55 pounds; 1821-25, 4.54 pounds; 1826-30, 6.13 pounds; 1831-35, 6.05 
 pounds; 183&-40, 7.08 pounds; 1841-45, 10.98 pounds; 1846-50, 11.78 pounds; 1851-55, 
 13.17 pounds; 1856-60, 21.65 pounds; 1861-65, 22.38 pounds; 1866-70, 10.15 pounds; 
 1871-75, 12.88 pounds; 1876-80, 15.42 pounds; 1881-85, 17.31 pounds; 1886-90, 18.99 
 pounds; 1891-95, 19.02 pounds; 1896-1900, 21.76 pounds; 1901-5, 23.01 pounds; 
 1906-10, 23.48 pounds. 
 
 Five-year averages. — The percentages of production retained for consumption 
 and the per capita consumption of unmanufactured fiber are weighted averages; net 
 weight per bale, yield per acre, and price per pound are means. 
 
 Gold values. — All values have been reduced to gold for 1862-78. 
 
 Bureau of the Census. — In the preparation of the following table the Bureau of 
 Statistics of the Department of Agriculture has been favored with the cooperation of 
 the Bureau of the Census of the Department of Commerce and Labor.
 
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