REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION OF EXERCISES IN THE YOKOHAMA DIALECT. TWENTY SECOND THOUSANDTH. Revised and corrected at the special request of the author by the BISHOP OF HOMOCO. YOKOHAMA, 1879. REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION OF EXERCISES IN THE YOKOHAMA DIALECT. TWENTY SECOND THOUSANDTH. Revised- and corrected at the special request of the author by the BISHOP OF HOMOCO. YOKOHAMA. 1879. To MR. NG CHOY,. Attorney General of the Colony of Victoria, Hongkong, asf also to the gentlemen to whom the second edition of the "Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect" was dedicated, this work of labor and love is respectfully inscribed by one who knows, alas, too well that "By others' faults wise men correct their own." HOMOCQ. Yokohama, 31st March, 1879. "Wheh we're rich, we ride in 'rickshaws' "But when we're poor tbey call us 'chickshaws. Translation from Old Japanese Poem. Vide Satow and Ishibashl. VoL n P. 28. C2:) ''Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect" URt SECOND EDITION. To PROFESSOR MAX MULLER, anH JOHN GRIGOR, Esq THIS WORK IS DEDICATED The former is known to the world as the greatest of dialecticians, and the latter stands pre-eminent as a master of the Yokohama idiom. (3) PREFACE. 'T^HE author of the first Edition was gfuided in his task ^ by a conscientious adherence to -the most reliable authorities accessible. Even, however, with these aids, the compilation of this small work was then attended with difficulty, owing in great part to the continual changes as the dialect crystallizes, so to speak, and as progress is made toward fixing this valued means of communication between the native and foreign resident or visitor. The method is based, as will be perceived, upon the Ollendorf system, tne advantages of which are patent in any continental citj^ visited by English or Americans. Neither the author nor the reviser flatter themselves that they have made any great addition to philological literature; but if they have succeeded in doing no more harm to learners of Japanese than their honored predeces- sors and successors in similar labors, their highest aims will have been attained. It is not claimed that the present small book contains all the words used, but none are given which are not used as described. It is easy to see the advantage of getting at the dialect actually used in Yokohama, rather than learning by laborious study the Samurai dialect (the one generally taught by professors and books) and which nobody understands beyond a few teachers. ( 5 ) NOTICES BY THE NATIVE PRESS TO THE SECOND EDITION "It would be an invaluable book to any Japanese ac- quainted with the Yokohama idioms, and able to read English." — Hakubun Shinshi. "Since Hepourn's Dictionary — in which the continuity of the narrative is dislocated by Chinese characters — we have seen nothing so well calculated to show foreigners how little Japanese we speak to them." — Shisshin Kibun "It ranks with 'Humboldt's Cosmos,' and Burton's Anatomy' in our library, and for solid facts, it knocks the hind sight off any book of its age we ever tackled." -Hiogo Shimbun. "There is only one thing for Japan to do to take rank above other nations — let the people, even to the yetas. learn this book, and then turn them loose on other countries. — Kanagaki Shimbun. , "We have feared this. Our currency tampered with, and our hair cut the wrong way ; and now this book comes along, and pulls the roof off our language." — Nisshin Shtnjisi. ( 7 ; PREFACF TO THE PRESENT EDITION X HAVE had great pleasure in revising this little, work, ^ which will doubtless be found well worth studying by all persons engaged in Commerce both in .China and Japan, whether as Merchants, Shipowners, Brokers, Auc- tioneers, Consul-bobbery-shots (from whom may Heaven preserve us) owners of Racing Stables, Missionaries, "et hoc omnes ero ero " I have not thought it necessary to enter into the more delicate grammatical mtricacies in- dulged in by Hepburn, Satow, Ishibashi and other modern compilers of Dictionaries of the Japanese Language as, during a somewhat extended residence in Japan, I have found the Grigorian dialect is more easily understood by all intelligent natives and more generally used by foreigners of all cl'asses. The "Nankinized Nippon" phrases at the end of this edition were compiled at the special request of my old friend and fellow Collegian Mr. Ng Choy of Hongkong, whose recent appointment as Attorney General at that Colony has given such general satisfaction (vide London and China Express). This request was made when Mr Ng Choy was consulted by the Imperial Government as to the advisability of appealing against a decision given by the Court in Yokohama in a case brought by the Gov- ernment for the purpose of improving the "Churchwood Estates " In giving Counsel's opinion, Mr. Ng Choy was C 9 ) somewhat at variance about the special meaning of the two words. WOK-KALLOONAI and WOK-KALLIMASSING, and his opinion, consequently, (like his appointment) had a slight inkling of Hennessey-phobia about it. Thetis is always a little shy in the presence of Themis : but a care- ful study of this little work will overcome even this false modesty, and I hope to realize the fact that the thought and Irbor employed in producing the "Revised and En- larged Edition of Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect" will not have been very greatly thrown away. HOMOCO. Given at our Palace. The 31st day of March, 1879, the 13th year of Meiji, Second Cousin of Jimmy Tenno. (10) NOTICES BY THE PRESS TO THE PRESENT EDITION To the Student who is affected with a touch of melan- choly we can heartily recommend the merry conceits which brighten the Revised and Enlarged Edition of Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect — Chuggai Bakka Shinbun. There is abundance of humour, varied and refined, and the "Revised and Enlarged Edition of Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect" will take a prominent place among the standard works on Dai Nippon. — Naru Hodo Shinbun. It is a bright and sparkling lexicon and deserving of an extensive circulation. — Din Shin Shinbun. Homoco's genius throws a charm over every thing he writes or undertakes : he has imagination of the highest order, and can enchain the industrious student by the sheer force of dramatically developed phrases. This little Lexicon has not yet been equalled in pathos, interest, and peculiar attractiveness by any of those more detailed and intricate works which have been published by others who may have more deeply studied the pathetic and poetical Japanese language, but who have not achieved the rare gift of fascinating students wherein the Bishop of Homoco fairly surpasses himself. — T * * * o Times Beauty dwells in every line, but being printed at the Gazette office, we must refrain from giving this little work the favourable criticism we otherwise think it deserves. — Heraldoh Shinbun. Curious and interesting book, clear and lucid in its treatment. Full of useful hints. The Bishop works out (11) the leading principles with the most unflinching logic and nothing can really be simpler or more practical than the sound foundation on which they are based. — Homoco Sporting News. This is a book written with understanding; not a favorite or fostered idea inflated by all manner of devices and accommodations to the bulk of an ungainly volume. It is based upon a system philosophically deduced from the Reviser's own experience, and personal observation, — Jinriccky-maru Shinbun. We can recommend this method from personal ex- perience, having had the pleasure of trying it ourselves. Two hundred words of a language previously unknown, combined in idiomatic sentences, were duly mastered in the way proposed, by studying them five minutes at a time, five or six times a day, and when permission was given to refer to a grammar, great was the astonishment as well as the delight felt, on discovering that the rules of syntax were known already. — Japan Punch. The Bishop of Homoco has brought together just that kind of information which would be of most service in enlisting an interest in the department of education which has been most neglected among us. His style is good, and while he makes a superb book as an author, he is the wise teacher withal, earnest, critical, and 'full of enthusiasrii for his work. — San, Francisco Bulletin (by wire). The *'Bishop" leaves no stone unturned to endeavour to make his theory clear, and he argues out the' most in- tricate points with such truthful power that one cannot help travelling right along in his path, feeling all the time, that his translated sentiments are sensible, just, and to the point. — Sajampan 'Kome-fune Shinbun. To say that a man, should not learn a language before learning its grammar is as opposed to common sense as the remark of the Irish Consul-General at Kobe (J. D. Carol Esq.) thgit he would never venture into the water until he had fully mastered the art of swimming. But ■where the facts are not only palpable, but even more easily (12 ) to be acquired than theory, we hold it to be sheer waste of toil to learn the theory first. Grammar will eventually take its proper place as an adjunct to logic, mathematics and history, and will illustrate logic and be illustrated by it in turn. The "Revised and Enlarged Edition of the . Exercises in the Yokohama Dialect" is worthy of attentive study, and, as a most thoughtful analysis of the attitude and action of the mind in mastering one of the most difficult of eastern languages, must interest everyone who loves education, whether he wish or not to apply the "Exercises" to help himself in becoming an accomplished linguist. — Jew Yoban Shinbun and Fisher- man's Review. ( 13 ) FIRST LESSON. The, a, an, some No equivalent exists for the articles, etc., in Yokohama Japanese I Watarkshee, also Watar- koosh' (this latter is only used by owners of coal mines and millionaires) You Oh my He Acheera sto NOTE.— There is no distinction in the dialect between Singular L and Plural. T Mine or ours Watarkshee or Watarkoosh* domo Yours Oh my His or theirs Acheera sto The foregoing comprise about all the pronouns used, and the student need not bother about genders. Hat Caberra mono His hat Acheera sto caberra mono Stove pipe hat Nang eye chapeau Penny Tempo Your penny Oh my tempo Horse Mar My horse Watarkshee mar Firewood Mar key Boat Boto Our boat Watarkshee boto Tea Oh char Your tea Oh m}' oh char The examples illustrate the ease with which the pos- sessive case is made. The other cases can be worked up as required by the same rules. (15) To have Will have Has had Can have To obtain To be To wish to be To be at home To arrive To want To buy To make a profit by any transaction mercantile or otherwise To sew, to mend or make clothes Have you a horse? He has a penny Will you have a boat? Do you keep small inlaid ivory charms for sale here? Is Mr. Jones at home? Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Arimas Cow Katchimas So so Mar arimas? Tempo arimas Boto arimas? Charms arimas? Jones-san arimas? Titles are rendered in Japanese by the termination "san." "Master" is colloquially rendered by "Donnasan" or by '*anattar." Have you any tea? Has the horse arrived? He has had his tea My hat is here I want my tall white hat It was a horse This is a penny Oh char arimas? Mar arimas? Oh char arimas Watarkshee caberra mono arimas Watarkoosh' nang eye cha- peau a;rimas Mar arintas Tempo arimas NOTE.— This £ar reaching; v«:b. "arimas," translates all the idioms of, to have, esse, possess, habere, manere, sein, haben, avoir, etre, ser, estar haber, tener, and "have got." Beyond this it has as a. general colloquialism, a close analogy to the "altro" of the Italians. (16) To remove Take away Carry off Clear the table Get out of the road He has gone out Take the horse away Remove your hat Has Mr. Jones left town ? To break The boat is broken I wish to get this horse broken To mix Illness Unmistakably, without fail, etc., etc. I feel ill, mix me some tea To hasten Hurry ! be quick Get me a boat quickly Is the horse a fast one? How do you do? Good morning Good day Good evening Good bye By and bye Yes No Really Mistaken Difficult Immediately Loafer Piggy P'ggy Piggy P|ggy Piggy arimas Mar piggy Caberra mono piggy Jone-san piggv arimas? Serampan Bote serampan. Mar serampan Cham pone Sick-sick, also, worry Die job Am buy Watarkshee am buy worry oh char parra parra Jiggy-jig Jiggy-j'g Boto jiggy-jig ^*^i" j'ggy'j'g arimas? Ohio Ohio Ohio Ohio Sigh oh narrow Bynebai Sigh oh Nigh Hontoe Ooso Moods cashey Todle-mar* Fooratchi-no-yats * Todie-mar is more correctly translated as "eventual- ly,' "when it answers my purpose." Grammatical •students assert that it means "never." (11) SECOND LESSON. Not to have To be out Not to understand Arimasen Arimasen Walk-arimascD The student will note the formation of the negative by the addition of "en" or "ing" to verbs ending in "mas." All others form the negative by adding the termination "nigh." e.g. — "Not to remove," is "Piggy nigh." Good All right Bad Much Little How much? What is the price of your horse ? The price is a penny It is not much Is he ill ? He has been off his feed but merely for a short time One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten To see I see a boat I see three pence Long I see a long boat Time Your. a shee Your a shee Worry Tack san Skoshe, or cheese eye Ikoorah ? Mar ikoorah? Tempo arimas Tack san arimasen Am buy worry afimas? Skoshe am buy worry arimas Stoats Stats ; — also renedered by two peesh Meats Yotes It suits Moots or Row ku Nannats or Sitchi Yachts Cocoanuts Toe High kin Boto high kin arimas Tempo meats highkin Nang eye Nang eye boto high kin arimas Tokey C iii ) 1 have not seen a penny for a long time A man A woman A child A servant A dog Strong, well A strong man A sound horse A "bad hat" Ghosts of departed cattle A good sea boat Big A lighthouse Water Bring Bring me some water Where Where is the nearest light- house What Wliat time is it? It is nine Colour What colour is your horse ? It is a black Does his colour change in the various seasons? Who called when I was out? To speak, to say, to tell Did the visitor leave any message ? No sir, he did not Who Watarkshee tempo high kin nigh nang eye tokey Sto Moose mc Baby san Boy Come here Die job Die job sto Die job mar Berrobo-yaru Shin danji ooshie abake- mono (N.B. — This is pure- ly a legal technicality) Die job boto Okee Foonev high kin serampan nigh rosokoo Meeds Motty koy Meeds motty koy Doko y^SSy j'ggy fooney high kin serampan nai rosokoo doko? Nanny Nanny tokey arimas? Cocoanuts arimas Eel oh Oh my mar nanny eel oh arimas? Kooroy arimas Atsie sammy eel oh piggy nigh? Nanny sto arimas, Watark- shee arimasen? Hanash Hanash arimas? Hanash arimasen Dalley (15) Butter Oil Kerosene Pomatum Grease Bring me some pomatum Fill the lam.ps with oil What is the present market value of kerosene? Where is the butter? The best oil The best of men A good child A slow servant Aboorah Aboorah Aboorah Aboorah Aboorah Aboorah motty koy Lampo aboorah sinjoe Aboorah ickoorah? Aboorah doko? Num wun aboorah Num wun shto Your a shee baby san Bakar THIRD LESSON. Tailor Bootmaker Church Officiating Priest Cakes Ridiculous or laughable Get me a boat Is it strong and well trim- med? Are the boatmen able to take care of the sails in case of heavy gales? The boat appears crank Where is the Captain? The wind The wind is very fresh The water is shallow here Push off the boat Wait! Let one boatman wait Start here Coots pom pom otoko Oh terror Tacksan hanash bosan Kashy Oh Kashy Boto motty koy Die job arimas? Sindoe die job arimas? Boto sick-sick arimas Num wun sindoe doko? Cassie Okee cassie arimas Meeds cheese eye arimas Boto piggy Matty, skoshe matty Stoats sindoe skoshe matty (20) Should any one enquire for me say I've gone out in the boat for a spin around the Bay Conflagration There is a large fire at Tokio Give Give me a cigar Pass the wine around the table To pass, to walk, to be not at home The dog walks Cause the horse to trot The lady is not at home I am going for a trip to the country Where has she gone? I regret being unable to inform you with cer- tainty Will she return shortly? Possibly next week I will leave my card Take care Take care of the horse! Take good care of the child Mind your helm ! Food, Sustenance Disturbance, noise Nanny sto hanash, watark- shee boto piggy Cad gee Tokio okee cad gee arimas Sinjoe Mar key tobacco sinjoe Sacky maro niaro Maro maro Come here maro maro Mar maro maro Kommysan maro maro Enakka maro maro Doko maro maro? Arimasen Jiggry jig arimas? To die mar Nammai kammy matty ari- mas Ah booneye Mar ah booneye Babysan ah booneye Boto ah booneye Chobber chobber Bobbery The best authorities agree in referring the origin of these last two words to pigeon English — a low and un- grammatical dialect, void of syntax — spoken between foreigners and Chinese. Tell the tailor to come to- morrow and I will have plenty of work for him Punishment Start here hanash meonitchi maro maro tacksan so so arimas Pumpgutz (21) To punish a servant Hammer You must make less distur- bance driving nails into the wall, or I shall be obliged to punish you Whose house is this? Let us inspect it White Red How much is this cabinet? One hundred boos It appears dear Have you none in variegat- ed colors; these are too plain ? Only Other All Have you no others? Tbe same These are the same Where are the small ones you showed my friends from England last week ? Unfortunately they were purchased on Tuesday by a party of tourists from San Francisco. The student will have remarked the great compres- sibility of the dialect. Boy pumpgutz Pompom Oh my pompom bobbery wa tarkshee pumgutz Dalley house arimas? Skoshe high kin Shiroy Ah kye Tongs ickoorah? Itchy boo high yackoo Tack eye arimas Kuroy, shiroy, ah kye arima- sen? Back harry Bates Minner minner Bates arimasen? Onadgc gote Onadge kotoe arimas Cheese eve doko? Arimasen Beer Claret Hollands Stop watch Cabinet Great variety Racing pony Bread Beef Beer sacky Ah kye sacky Homura square oh Matty toky Tongs Ero-ero High high mar Pan Ooshee C22) Beef tea Fresh milk Canned milk Hash Shoes, boots Slippers Pistol Paper Rain Earthquake Here Come here Be quiet Ooshee oh char Ooshee chee chee Bricky chee chee Champone ooshee Coots Cheese eye coots Cheese eye serampan Kammy Ah me Okee abooneye pon pon Coachy Coachy weedy D — ^attv FOURTH LESSON. Perambulator Carriage Man-power carriage Two-wheeled pony car- riage Groom Saddle Bridle Stirrup Reins Price Godown. or place to store packages Crupper Girth Ciive the horse some teed Clean Groom the horse well Saddle the horse This girth dees not appear very strong Oil the carriage wheels Cook Boil Baby san bashaw Kooromar or Bashaw Gin ricky-pshaw Mar gin ricky-pshaw Betto Koorah Cootsoo wall Abi omir Tad sooner Neigh dan Koorah Ato mono Obee Mar chobber chobbcr sinjoe Kireen Mar die job kireen Mar koorah sinjoe arinias Obee worry arimas Kooromar aboorah sinjoe Kooksan Para-para (23) Hot water Oh you Stove ♦Heebatchey Roast Yakemas Stew Champone yakemas Fry Tates yakemas Chicken Tory Egrgs Tomango Potato Eemo Table Dye Plate Sarah Boil four eggs Tomango yotes para para Roast the fowls Tory yakernas To wash A row Laundryman Sin turkey Soap Shabone Starch Shiroy mono Flat non Shin nosey Clothes Kimmono Tell the laundryman to wash the clothes Direct him to use more starch A clean shirt Open the door Shut the door Open the window Shut the window- Gate Stair-case Nail Hot Cold Cold water Umbrella (rain) do. (sun) Clergyman Ambassador Phvsician Sin turkey hanash kimmono a row Cheese eye shiroy mono arimas Atarashee shiroy Toe akemas Toe she merro Mado akerro Mado oh shemerro Mon Hash ero Koong-ee Atsie Sammy Sammy meeds • Ah me kass •Tent sam kass Bosan Yakkamash shto Doctorsan * "Sheebatchey" is used as well as not known. "Heebatchey"; the gender is (24) Dentist Lawyer Banker Auctioneer Marine insurance sun^eyor Silk inspector Tea inspector Exchange broker Merchant Carpenter Soldier Sailor Nursemaid Foster mother Chinaman Gentleman of color Coolie Foreigner Dead Foreign cemetery Theatre Hahdykesan Consul bobbery sto Dora donnyson Selly shto Serampan funey high kin donnyson Eeto high kin sto Oh char chobber chobber sto Kooromar maro maro akin- doe Akindoe Dyke oh Ah kye kimmono sto Dam your eye sto Amah Chi chi amah Nankinsan Kurrumboh Nin soaker Eejin san Shin dan jee Eejin san shin dan jee to- koro, or Bohm san koorah She buyer FIFTH LESSON. Good day I wish to see some nice small curios Of what kind and quality? Something exceptionally nice Would you like to see some old Satsuma screens of wonderful variety and strong pattern? Yes, I should be pleased to look at them Ohio Your a shee cheese eye curio high kin Nanney arimas? Num wun your a shee ari- mas? Die job screen high kin ari- mas? Sigh oh, high kin arimas (25) How much is this small in- laid tray? It is twenty dollars I will give you two boos Yon are very hard upon a poor merchant but it is yours for the sake of future business Will you not take i Yen for the article? I am an in- fiuehtial man and can put many tnousand dollars worth of business in your way Excuse my plain speaking-, I am not I'ke other Jap- anese dealers, and have always made it a rule to ask only the price I will take for my goods I have travelled in Chris- tian countries and have learned to despise the double faced dealings of our nation. I admire your intelligence and as you wish to raise the standard of your countrymen to that of the civilized world, I pre- sume you will accept payment in Kinsatz in- stead of dollars The great depreciation of the value of the paper currency of the Imperial Japanese Government renders it impossible . during the prolonged ab- sence of my partners to accept your tempting offer Cheese eye ickoorah Knee jew dora Knee boos arimas Your a shee Ichi rio sinjoe arimas, wa- tarkshe oki akindo, tack- san cow Watarkshee atchera kooni maro maro arimas. Japan otoko bakka, kono house stoats neigh dan backary hanash Walk-arimas, neigh dan your a she, Kinsatz sinjoe arimas Kinsatz yah dai oh Dora your a shee f 26 ) Send it home Very well, sir, where is your residence? I am not residing here; I am a globe trotter Will you, then, take the article in passing again this way? No, you had better send it up to the Grand Hotel 1 am much obliged and have always held Euro- peans in the highest esteem, and hope you will favour me by further, patronage Watarkshee house sinjoe House doko arimas? House arimasen skoshee high kin maro maro ari- mas Donnyson- come back ari- mas? Knee jew ban Hotel maro maro your-a-shee Sigh oh narrow dozo byne- bai moh skosh cow The student will now practice by translating sentences from English into Yokohama Japanese and vice versa. Atfer some practice of this, the dialect will be mastered sufficiently for all ordinary purposes. Tianslate into Yokohama Japanese. 1. Will you go with me into the shop? 2. No, my dear fellow; I do not want to go in. 3. I think I have lost a fifty-cent piece in this small shop. 4. Who is in the shop now? the bootmaker or his wife? 5. There is only his assistant in the shop. 6. Is not a "store" another name for a "shop." 7. Yes ; they now say in Yokohama, I keep a "store," not, I keep a "shop " 8. Take off your hat when you enter a shop 9. I have been told that you do not take off your hat when you enter a drawing-room. 10. Always take off your hat when you enter a draw- ing-room. (27 ) 11. Cannot my portmanteau go in the cab? — No; but the parcel can very well. 12. Your bootmaker has come ; he is in the next room. — Very well; you may show him in 13. Show my friend into the drawing-room, and the doctor into my bed-room. 14. Could you tell me where the shop of this poor man is who lost his wife and his two children last week? 15. He has no shop now; he is a missionary. 16. Go, in passing, to my daughter-in-law's, and ask her when she will send me the children. 17. I cannot call on your daughter-in-law b'lt I will look in on the grandmother of your aunt's gardener. 18. Will you go before you take something? Translate Idiomatically into English. Oh my nangeye tokey high kin nigh. Die job arimas ? Jiggy jig oh char motty koy, donnyson arimas. Doko maro inaro? Nanny house arimas? Anatter tempo sin joe. Tempo arimasen. Ah me arimas? Ah me hass arimasen, Ginricky pshaw motty koy — ginricky pshaw arimasen, mar motty koy ! Mar sick-sick, betto drunky drunky, koora serampan. Oh my piggy jiggy jig, watarkshee pumgutz sinjoe arimas. Champone hanash watarkshee onadge kotoe bates arimasen. Tacksan samniy arimas. Cheese eye kimmono buckery, bates kireen arimasen. Tomago para para, pon pon nigh serampan arimas. Skoshe matty. Dye serampan, dyke eh hanash coachy weedy Sigh oh tadighma. Dye die job arimasen, itchiboo sinjoe nigh. Die job arimas itchiboo toe sinjoe buckery. Minner minner dyke oh onadge kotoe arimas. Hanash bobbery nigh, bakar arimas, d — atty! Damyuri sto okee boto arimas, sendo hanash drunky itchiboo sinjoe arimasen. Nankeensan nangeye koongee arimas. (28) NANKINIZED-NIPPON There is not a great deal of difference between the Japanese Dialects as spoken by what are termed Foreign- ers (Fanqui) and the inhabitants of that part of this Vast Globe known as the CeJestial Empire. Foreigners as a rule rattle their "Rs" roughly, readily, and righteously, or else ignore them altogether: thus we sometimes hear the word signifying to misunderstand pronounced by Foreign- ers both Walk — ^karr^'masing and Walk — ^kawymasing The Celestial, however, lubricates the "R" and trans- poses the word into Walk — ^kallimassing. The verb "Arimas" signifying to have, to be, to get, &c., &c. (vide page 2) is also transposed and somewhat shortened by the better class of Chinese into the soft Italian sounding syllabylic of "Alloo" — and the somewhat harsh "Watarkshee" is modified into the more euphonious "Watak-koo-lack'shee" hence in place of the harsh sounding phrase "Watarkshee am buy worry arimas "(for, I am not feeling well)," our Celestial neighbours give us the following balmy and soothing sentence: — "Watak-koo-lack'shee am buy wolly alloo." (29) The numerals and methods of counting are about the same in either case, but the following will illustrate more clearly the slight differences: English Foreigners-Japanese. One Stoats Two Stats Three Meats Four Votes Five It suits Six Moots Seven Nannats Eight Yachts Nine Cocoanuts Ten Toe Twenty Knee jew Nankinized-Nippon. Shtots'hi Fu'tarchi Meachi Yoh-tchi Jtsuitchi Mootchi or loku Sitchi Yartchi Kokarnotchi Toe, or jew Knee jew (other multiples in accordance with the above.) Twice two are four. I should like to borrow 500 Yen from you if you have them. Stats stats yotes narimas. Go-hakku rio high shacko. Fu'tarchi fu'tarchi yohtchi aloo. Anatta go-hakku Ho aloo nallaba watark-koo lack' shee high shacko dekkelloo alloo ka (literally if you have 500 Rios have you the mind to lend them to me) The difference between Wok-kallonai and Wok-kallimassing is really only a difference without a distniction (vide Adams' Japan page 64, vol. II.) but at the same time these words may be so used as to deceive, in their actual mean- ing, even the best of our linguists. (30) Wok-kallonai, as generally used by celestials means I don't I won't I shan't I didn't I never intended to and nothing you can say will make me understand Wok-kallimassing is generally an evasive answer, and when used may be translated in either of the following ways : — It answers my purpose to\ say that I do not J I can give you the informa- tion you require but it suits me better that you should think I It is simply a question of Mexicans and if you make it worth my while I will very quickly understand misunderstand understand Numerous other instances of this most comprehensive word might be given, but the intelligent student will at once understand the full value of a word of so much significance and bury it deeply within the inmost cell of his penetrating brain. ( 31 ) zTkit faitfi/ul, phologiapnie \ 'pxodaclion of the famtd tSyg eJilion has been issued in 1953 by the Cnatles o. STaldc Co., of 3iudanJ, 'Belmont &l S^okyo, Sopan, and pxintcd hy ike tXasai 3'uUisfiing & S'tinling Co. i I UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 935 844 i *?^Y iO^^^iatLi.^