»- .~
 
 Ex Libris 
 K. OGDEN
 
 ^ Most importint to student, of Elizabethan England. <heP=iJ^"„fJ"=t^L'lf^^^^^^^^ .'iSi'id ^mc! i"";; 
 
 ^^^^^^::^r S °:|;^^^^he ;:^:^hS^;lnci;^n^an i^^^t^^/of .he titles.
 
 WILLIAM SMITH'S DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND.
 
 250 COPIES. 
 
 PRINTED FOR SUBSCRIBERS ONLY.
 
 FRONTISPIECE 
 
 o
 
 THE 
 
 PARTICULAR DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF 
 
 1588. 
 
 WITH VIEWS OF SOME OF THE CHIEF TOWNS AND 
 ARMORIAL BEARINGS OF NOBLES AND BISHOPS. 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH, 
 
 Eouge SDiagon. 
 
 EDITED, FROM THE ORIGINAL MS. IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM, 
 
 WITH AN INTRODUCTION, BY HENRY B. WHEATLEY, F.S.A., 
 
 AND EDMUND W. ASHBEE, F.S.A. 
 
 LonDon : 
 
 PRINTED FOR SUBSCRIBERS ONLY. 
 
 MDCCCLXXIX.
 
 HERTFORD 
 
 I'KINTEU BY STEPHEN AUSTIN AND SONS.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The book which is here reproduced appears to have been almost entirely over- 
 looked, in spite of its unique interest. The early history of the MS. is not known, 
 but we learn from a note on the fly-leaf at the beginning of the book that it was 
 given to Sir Hans Sloane by Sir Paul Methuen. It came into the possession of 
 the nation when the British Museum was founded by the purchase of Sloane's 
 Collections. 
 
 The Manuscript is mentioned by Noble in his History of the College of 
 Arms, who says, " He (Smith) wrote a description of this kingdom ; embellishing it 
 with drawings of its chief towns" (p. 218). 
 
 It may seem strange to some that a work containing carefully drawn views of 
 London, Cambridge, Bristol, Bath, &c., made in Elizabeth's reign, should not have 
 attracted notice, but nothing will surprise those who know what treasures lie 
 hidden in the MS. collections of our country. 
 
 In 1876, when one of us (H. B. W.) was compiling a notice of Norden's Map 
 of London for Mr. Furnivall's edition of Harrison's Description of England (New 
 Shakspere Society), his attention was drawn by Mr. Eurnivall to a note in Rye's 
 Foreigners in England, where mention was made of the view of London. The MS. 
 was then examined and its value at once seen. Mr. Eurnivall caused woodcuts 
 to be made of the views of Canterbury and Cambridge for publications of the 
 Chaucer and Early English Text Society. We (Mr. Ashbee and H. B. W.) con- 
 sulted on the best means of reproducing the book, and the former undertook to 
 superintend the reproduction of the coloured plates. 
 
 A Prospectus was issued and subscribers' names received ; but when the work 
 was put in hand, it was found that more labour was necessary in the tracing of 
 the views, etc., than was expected : hence the delay in production. It is hoped 
 that now the work is finished it will give satisfaction to those who have patronized 
 the venture. 
 
 Permission to print the MS. and facsimile the plates was obtained from the 
 Trustees of the British Museum, through the kindness of Mr. Bond, then Keeper of 
 the Manuscripts, now Principal Librarian. The outlines of the views and arms are 
 in exact facsimile, but it was not thought desirable to follow the rough colouring 
 
 11277G4
 
 vi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 closely. The written portion has been printed exactly as it appears in the MS., 
 contractions only being filled out in italic. These italics must not be confused with 
 the names of places, which are also printed in italic for the purpose of distinction. 
 
 The materials for the history of the author are not numerous, and they consist 
 chiefly of notices of the work done b\- him, which was not inconsiderable. The 
 names William Smith have been borne by so many men that it is not always easy 
 to eliminate the facts relating to a particular one. 
 
 Our William Smith was a younger son of Randlc Smith, of Oldhaugh, in the 
 parish of Warmincham, in Cheshire, and his wife, Jane, daughter to Ralph Bostock, 
 of Norcroft in the same County. The Smiths of Oldhaugh were a numerous and 
 respectable family who sprang from the house of Smith of Cuerdley, Co. Lancaster, 
 and bore the same Arms with a crescent for difference. We do not know when 
 W^illiam Smith was born, but from other facts we may fix the date as somewhere 
 about the year 1550. He appears to have been educated at Oxford, but Ant. a 
 Wood was unable to find out to which house he was attached. Wood thinks it 
 probable that he studied at Brasenose, and as that College was founded by a 
 collateral ancestor, this is high!)' probable. Wood writes : " One Will. Smyth was 
 admitted bach, of arts, 8 Feb. 1566, another Will. Smith was admitted to that 
 degree 15 Oct. 1568, being the same, as it seems, who was admitted of that faculty 
 17 May 1572. And another Will. Smith was admitted bach. 10 of June 1572, but 
 whether either of these was the author I am now speaking of, I cannot tell." 
 
 The first authentic date which we have to guide us in our researches into the 
 history of William Smith is the death of his mother in March, 1 561-2. Six years 
 afterwards, he visited Bristol, as appears by the inscription attached to the view of 
 that town in this book, which is as follows : " Measur'd and laid in platform by me 
 W^m. Smith at my being at Bristow the 30 & 31 of July An° Dm. 1568." 
 
 For some years we lose sight of Smith, and as we know that he settled for 
 a time in Nuremberg, it is fair to believe that he was there in 1578, when he wrote 
 his Genealogies of the Different Potentates of Europe, 1578. This MS. formerly 
 belonged to Peter Le Neve, and is now among the Rawlinson MSS. in the 
 Bodleian Library. 
 
 If, however, the date given by Brydges, in the British Bibliographer, to a MS. 
 of the Description of London, be correct. Smith was a citizen of London and 
 member of the Haberdashers' Company as early as 1575- 
 
 There were many Smiths in Germany, and our William may have gone over 
 there at the invitation of some kinsmen. He kept an inn at Nuremburg with the 
 sign of the Goose, and about 1580 he married Veronica, daughter of Francis 
 Altensteig, of that place, and in the same year he drew up his Ang/ice Descriptio, 
 which is dedicated to Christopher Fhurer. Lt 1581 his first child William was 
 born, and in the following year he wrote a small tract, entitled, " How Germany 
 is dcvyded." This is stated to have been written at Nuremburg on the 20 Dec. 
 1582. In 1583 his daughter Jane was born, and in 1584 he wrote a little book 
 of 76 leaves entitled, " The Armcs & Discent of the Dukes, &c."
 
 INTRODUCTION. Vll 
 
 On 6 Oct. 15S4, his father, Randle Smith, of Oldhaugh, died; and it seems 
 probable that about this time Wilham returned to England, which he does not 
 appear to have left again, although he is sometimes styled, for purposes of identifica- 
 tion. Smith of Nuremburg. In 1585 he was in Cheshire, and in his Treatise on the 
 History and Antiquities of Cheshire in 1588, are views of Chester signed and dated 
 Sept. 7, 1585, and a large coloured map of the county, dated Sept. 9, 1585. In 
 1586 his daughter Frances was born, and in the same year he compiled The 
 Image of Heraldry, which is among the Rawlinson MSS. In 1587 he produced 
 his first Barotiagium, and about this time he must have been occupied with the 
 Description of England, for the plan of Canterbury is dated "Oct. 10, 1588," and 
 the title-page of the book contains the same date, which is the year attached 
 to the Description of London, a MS. of which is also in the British Museum. 
 
 In Brj-dges' British Bibliographer (vol. i. p. 539) there is a notice of an earlier 
 edition of this book, dated 1575, in which the lists of mayors and sheriffs are 
 continued by another hand as late as 1633. Added to this is the XII Worshipfull 
 Companies, dated 1605, another copy of which is in the Bodleian Library and 
 was or is to be issued in facsimile by Messrs. Price & Co. 
 
 This last work is imperfect, as appears by the following note : " These be all 
 [the arms] that be yet come to my handes. If any desyre to know who were the 
 rest lett hym spend but half so much tyme in searching for them (as I have done 
 for these), and he shall either light on them or ells not find them at all." ' 
 
 In the same year (1588) he prepared a copy of his "Vale Royal of England" 
 and his son Paul was born. In 1590 his daughter Hester was born, and about 1594 
 he prepared his Description of Noremberg, which is now in the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury's Library at Lambeth Palace. In 1597 he produced another Baronagiitni 
 A7iglice, and also a small MS. " Names of all the Knights, &c." 
 
 Early in life Smith seems to have turned his attention to Heraldry and 
 Genealogy, and he evidently long looked forward to obtaining a footing in the 
 College of Arms; — with this object he made friends. On October 23, 1597, he 
 was created Rouge Dragon Pursuivant, an office for which, according to Noble, 
 he was a suitor for two years. He was recommended by Sir George Carey, Knight 
 Marshal, and by many officers of the College. " The Society of Arms, finding by 
 man)' that he was honest and of a quiet conversation and well-languaged, joined in 
 the supplication, signed by Dethick, Garter ; Lee, Clarenceux ; Paddy, Lancaster ; 
 Segar, Somerset ; Thomas, Chester ; Brooke, York ; Raven, Rouge Croix ; Lant, 
 Portcullis ; and Treswell, Blue Mantle. So respectable a recommendation gained 
 him this office."^ In an abstract of James the First's revenue, etc., attached to 
 Truth brought to light, which contains the fees of the Heralds and Pursuivants, 
 occurs the following entry : " To William Smith, alias Rougedragon, ^10." 
 
 He never rose to any higher office, and this may have been the result of the 
 
 ' British Bibliogi'apher, vol. i. p. 543. 
 
 ^ Noble's History of the College of Arms, 1S05, p. 217.
 
 Vlll INTRODUCTION. 
 
 ill-nature which made him prone to say disagreeable things of his fellow officers.^ 
 But in spite of this fault he appears to have been thought well of Wood says 
 that Camden had a respect for him, from which fact he draws the just inference 
 that Smith must have been eminent in his profession. Between the years 1598 and 
 1605 he appears to have been busily occupied in his heraldic undertakings. In 
 1607 he accompanied Sir Gilbert Dethick, Garter, to France in attendance on the 
 ambassador, the Marquis of Northampton. From this date to the time of his 
 death we have little or nothing to record. He died on the ist October, 1618, 
 and Wood is of opinion that he was buried in the churchyard of St. Benedict, 
 near Paul's Wharf, in which parish part of the College of Arms is situated, but 
 the registers of this church do not commence before the following year. 
 
 A few remarks only will be required upon the book which is here produced. 
 Although the date, 1588, and the Royal Arms of Elizabeth with the initials " E. R.," 
 are on the title-page, there is internal evidence to show that the book was not 
 completed until the reign of James. Thus on page 9 is a list of " Manor places 
 belonging to the King," and on page 25, Hampton Court is described as " the 
 fayrest howse that the king hath." Part of the book, however, was evidently 
 written previous to the date on the title, as may be seen from allusions to the 
 Queen, and from the fact that, on page 37, Kenilworth is said to be in the 
 possession of the Earl of Leicester, who died in 1588. 
 
 The coloured Plates, which consist of Coats of Arms and views of towns, are 
 very carefully drawn, and do great credit to Smith's skill. There are Arms of the 
 chief towns, of Archbishops and Bishops, and of the chief noble families, arranged 
 under the titles they have possessed. These Arms are spread about the MS., 
 but it has been found necessary to gather them together upon separate pages, 
 and their position is marked in the letterpress. 
 
 The views consist of profile sketches of Chester, Colchester, Coventry, 
 Lichfield, Oxford, Salisbury, Stafford, and Winchester, which are of little topo- 
 graphical value, and bird's-eye views of London, Bath, Bristol, Cambridge, 
 Canterbury, Norwich, and Rochester, which are of the greatest interest. It 
 appears to have been Smith's intention to give views of the chief cities (as his 
 title implies), but he was forced to leave many spaces vacant for plans which he 
 never obtained. Bristol is dated 1568, and Salisbury and Canterbury, 1588. 
 Bristol, as he tells us, was planned by himself This town has always been one 
 of great importance, and has found several delineators. One of the earliest views 
 of the place was taken about the year 1479,- and Ames ' mentions a map by 
 Geo. Hoefnagel, dated 1575. 
 
 Smith appears to have copied the plans of such cities as he could find to 
 his hand, and only himself to have done those that he could not obtain otherwise. 
 
 ' See Noble, p. 218: "Sir Christopher B-irker, Garter (Henry VIII.). Smith, Rouge Dragon, who was 
 not disposed to speak well of any one, preteniled to say his abilities were not great, but he could only have it 
 from hear-say, and the collection of arms made by him refutes the calumny."— AW^/c, p. 142. "Smith, Rouge 
 Dragon, said 'that neither he (Richard Lee, Clarenceux, 1594), nor Cooke could write or speak tnie Latin, true 
 French or true English.''— iVW'/V, p. 171. , ^„. . o 
 
 2 See Ricarl's Kalendar, Camden Society, 1872. ' History of Prmtmg, p. 538.
 
 INTRODUCTION. IX 
 
 The view of Cambridge seems to be taken from that by Richard Lyne from 
 the work of Caius, edited by Archbishop Parker (De Antiquitate Cantabrigiensis 
 Academic hbri duo; Londini, J. Day, 1574). This ver>' rare view is much larger 
 than Smith's, and if the two were not taken from a common original, there can 
 be little doubt that Smith reduced and slightly altered the work of Lyne. Ralph 
 Agas, the supposed author of the Map of London, published a plan of Cambridge, 
 three feet by four feet, but no copy is now known to exist. Walpole fixes its 
 date at about 1578, and Ames at 1589. 
 
 Li the Crace Collection of London Maps, etc., exhibited at South Kensington, 
 is " A view of Old London copyd from an ancient Drawing " (No. 374), said to 
 be by William Stucklcy, the original being "supposed to be by Anthony von 
 Finden, 1560." The view is signed W. S. f., which initials would do as well for 
 William Smith as for William Stuckley. The two views are identical. 
 
 As the early Maps of London are so few, one that has been unregistered 
 hitherto cannot but be of the greatest interest. The north bank of the river in 
 this- view is rather confused, but the churches appear to be drawn with care, and 
 the various landing stairs and wharves are well represented. The Palace of 
 Whitehall and Westminster Abbey are laid down ver>' clearly, but the distin- 
 guishing feature of the view is the space devoted to Southwark, Bankside, and 
 Lambeth, in the foreground of the picture. 
 
 The relative importance of the various towns and cities is shown by the size of 
 the different views; thus most of the places are well represented in single leaves, 
 Norwich is a double leaf, and London is folded into three. Of York, the second 
 city in the kingdom at the time this book was written, there is no view. 
 
 In passing from a notice of the plans to that of the letterpress, it may be 
 remarked, that although there is nothing of any great importance in the Description, 
 yet the information is given in a racy manner, and the interesting points are 
 numerous. Huntingdonshire is said to be " four-cornered lyke a diamond uppon 
 a payre of cardes ; " and of the Isle of Wight, we are told that " in forme it 
 representeth an egg." We learn from the account of Bristol that " there is no 
 dunghill in all the cittie, nor any sinck that cometh from any howse, but all 
 convaid under the ground ; neither use they any cartes in their streetes, but all 
 ' sleades." (p. 34.) 
 
 " Bromicham (comonly called Bermicham) is a proper towne, with a high 
 spyre steple, where great store of kny\-es are made, fifor almost all the townes 
 men are cutlers or smithes." (p. 38.) 
 
 Of Chester, we read, " The howses are builded in such sort, that a man may 
 go from one place of the cittie to another and never come into the streetes, which 
 manner of building I have not hard of in any other place of Christendome." (p. 44-45.) 
 
 " York is the greatest cittie in all England ne.xt -to London, which for 
 greatnes & scituation (as some wryte) may be compared to Rome, as I have 
 hard Winchester compared for scituation to Jerusalem." (p. 47.) 
 
 Smith gives a list of what he considers to be the seven wonders of England, and 
 
 b
 
 X INTRODUCTION. 
 
 adds London as the eighth (p. 6). He is also careful to give h'sts of castles, forests, 
 and moors in the various counties. 
 
 The total number of members in the Commons' House when Smith compiled 
 his text was 439, made up as follows : Knights 90, Citizens 46, Burgesses 289, 
 "Barons of the Fortes" 14. (pp. 62-64.) 
 
 There is a full and curious list of the principal fairs held in England, from 
 which it appears that one was held on Ash Wednesday at five different places, 
 nine towns held their fair on Ascension Day ; and on five Sundays fairs were 
 held in various parts of the country, viz. first Sunday in Lent, third Sunday after 
 Easter, Whit Sunday, Trinity Sunday, and Sunday after St. Bartholomew's Day. 
 
 The work is concluded with a list of highways from town to town, which 
 is somewhat like the one in Harrison's Description of England, but differs in 
 several particulars. The distances are the same in both, and this resemblance 
 between the two opens up a very curious question respecting the relative length 
 of the measured and the reckoned miles, which deserves more attention than 
 has hitherto been directed to it. Dr. Pearson made some remarks on this point 
 at the Annual Meeting of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society on the 28th May, 
 1879, and the following is a report of his views taken from Tlie Academy: — 
 
 " Many years ago, in opening Leland's Itincraij, composed about the year 
 1540, the writer found the distance from Cambridge to St. Neots given as twelve 
 miles, it being actually seventeen. This led him to think that old English miles were 
 longer than the present statute mile : and on consulting Holinshed a few months 
 back, he found that all the distances given by that author differ from the modern 
 measurement nearly in the same proportion. It is not easy to account for the 
 discrepancy between the actual measured distances and the popular reckoning. 
 Ogilvy, in 1675, recognises it ; and without actually referring to Holinshed, 
 specifies the difference between the two modes of estimating the distance from 
 London to Berwick at one-third more than the old measure. Holinshed gives 
 in his edition of 1577 a specimen measure of half an English foot, differing from 
 the present statute measure by only the tenth of an inch : and adds a table of 
 length identical with our own. He also gives another mode of reckoning a mile, 
 by the turns of a waggon wheel, which would make a mile less than 1,700 yards. 
 A Scotch mile is 1,978 yards, an Irish mile 2,240; and a common English mile 
 of the sixteenth ccntuiy must have been at least as long as the latter; but there 
 is no trace of the English perch having ever been like the Irish one, seven yards 
 instead of five and a half. Possibly the explanation may be this. A league of 
 three miles may have (theoretically) represented an hour's walk. But as a man 
 will generally make four miles in an hour, the popular estimation of considerable 
 distances would underrate them in the proportion of four to three, which will 
 answer very nearly to the acknowledged discrepancy in the recorded results." 
 
 This discrepancy in the lengths of the different miles is frequently found in writers 
 of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; for instance, Evelyn describes his birth- 
 place, Wotton in Surrey, as little more than twenty miles from London, while it is in 
 fact a little more than twenty-six measured miles.
 
 LIST OF WILLIAM SMITH'S WORKS. 
 
 This list, although ample, must not be considered an exhaustive one, and it is not improbable that 
 there may be other MSS. by Smith lying unknown or unnoticed in both public and private collections. Our 
 best thanks are due to Mr. G. E. Cokayne, F.S.A., Lancaster Herald, who has most kindly furnished us with in- 
 formation respecting Smith's MSS. in the College of Arms. 
 
 1579. Genealogical Tables of the King,s of England and Scotland, and the Sovereigns 
 
 of Europe, to the years 1578-9, with their arms in colours ; by William Smith. 
 On fol. 3 is the Author's motto painted in white capitals upon a black ground, 
 "Silentio et spa." Belonged to Peter Le Neve in 1703. folio. 
 Rawlinson MSS. B. No. 141. Macray's Catalogue, p. 498. 
 
 1580. 1580 Angliae Descriptio. Ou?e paucis complectitur omnium in hac Regione 
 prouinciarum nomina, situs, limitcs, et alia, quae ad casdem cognoscendas 
 sunt necessaria. 
 
 Dedicated: "Amplissimo Viro, D. Christophoro Fhurero, Reipub. Noribergenss. 
 Senatori Prudentiss." Signed: "Wilhelmus Smith Anglus" and dated " xxvi° 
 Aprilis An° 1580." 
 
 British Museum Add. MS. 10,620. Sm. 8vo. 24 leaves. 
 
 1582. How Germany is deuyded into 10 Kreises, that is to say Circutes, And the 
 names of all such Estates, as dwell in ech of them particulerly. Also the 
 yearly Contribution that euery member of the Romain Empire payeth for 
 deffence against the Turk, which contribution is called in their language 
 Turkstewr. Written in Nurmberg, y<= 20 Decemb. 1582. p W. S. 
 
 This small 8vo. manuscript consists of 20 leaves written within printed borders. 
 B. M. Harl. MS. 994. 
 
 1584. The Amies & Discents of all y^ Dukes, Marquesses, Erles, Viscountes & 
 
 Lordes, that haue bin created in England, since ye tyme of W. Conqueror, 
 vntill this present yeare of our Lord, 1584. 
 
 [Ro3'al Arms in colours, with the inotto " Semper Eadem."] 
 Elizabeth Dei Gratia Anglia;, Francice et Hibernia; Regina. Fidei Defensatrix, &c. 
 This manuscript occupies 76 leaves 4to. It is neatly written, and contains 
 about 340 coloured Coats of Arms. 
 B. M. Had. 1\IS. 6ogg. 
 
 1585. The Vale Royall of England, or Countie Palatine of Chester; containing a 
 
 geographicall description of the said countrey or shyre, with other things there- 
 unto apartayning. Collected and written by Wm. Smith, 1585. IFw. Suiitli 
 Rouge Dragon, 1597. Sm. 4to. 
 
 A MS. containing 121 leaves, which formerly belonged to Sir Robert Cotton, 
 and was given by his son. Sir Thomas Cotton, to Roger Norton. This is the 
 copy that was printed in 1656 and is fouled by the printer's hands. Elias 
 Ashmole bought it from Morgan, the Arms-painter. 
 
 Ashmolean MS. No. 765 (O.xforcl) ; Black's Catalogue, col. 383. 
 Ant. 4 Wood gives the following description of the MS. : " It begins with 
 a catalogue of the kings of IMercia, and afterwards follows the description 
 itself, beginning thus : ' This County Palatine of Chester,' &c. It ends with
 
 Xll LIST OF WILLIAM SMITH S WORKS. 
 
 an alphabetical catalogue of the arms of the gentry of Cheshire, among which 
 are the arms of this Will Smith, the author, of Oldhough, viz. parted per pale 
 or, and gules, three Flower de Luces counterchanged of the Field (quartering 
 those of Oldhough of Oldhough) with a cressant for a difference, to distinguish 
 that family from the eldest or first house living at Cuerdley in Lancashire, 
 where Sir Tho. Smith about that time lived. A copy of this book coming 
 afterwards into the hands of Daniel King of Cheshire, was by him published 
 in fol. at Lond. 1656, together with another book on the same subject, entit. 
 also The Vale Royal of England, &c. pen'd by Will. Webb, sometimes a clerk in 
 mayor's court at Chester." — Wood's Athena: Oxoniensis, ed. Bliss 1 815, vol. ii. 
 coll. 233-4. 
 
 1585. A Description of the Countie Pallatine of Chester; a work deserving to be 
 
 better handled, but want of cunning in the author was the cause. Collected 
 and sett down by W. Smith, citezen of Noremberg. 
 
 The list of ma3-ors and sheriffs of Chester ends with the year 1585. 
 
 Contains coloured folding map of the county, two folding views of the city, 
 and a small one of Haulton. The last page bears the arms of Bostock (with 
 twelve quarterings), of Swenter, and of Smith (with crest and motto " Silentio 
 et spe ") marshalled with those of Altensteig. 4to. 
 
 Rawlinson RISS. B. No. 282. Macray's Catalogue, p. 579. 
 
 1586. Another copy. Folio, in a volume containing other MSS. 
 
 Rawlinson MSS. B. No. 283. Macray's Catalogue, p. 582. 
 Another copy in the Harleian Collection. — See 1588. 
 
 1586. Various heraldic tracts and miscellanies, collected by William Smith, Rouge 
 
 Dragon pursuivant, to which the following title is prefixed : — 
 
 The Image of Heraldrye : shewing divers secrett matters and secrettes 
 touching Heraldrye : wherein is described the true path-waye to obtaine that 
 excellent science : fitt for to be knowne and readde of all those whiche are 
 desirous to scarche therein. Written aiio Domini 1586 et anno regni Reginae 
 Elizabethae vicesimo nono. 
 
 A collection of 28 pieces by various authors, which formerly belonged to 
 Anstis, who has written the following note at the beginning : " This was wrote 
 by William Smith, Rouge Dragon, a very industrious officer in the College of 
 Arms, temp. Eliz. Reg." 
 
 Rawlinson ]\ISS. B. No. 120. Macray's Catalogue, p. 489. 
 
 1587. Baronagium Anglia;. Magnatum, scilicet, illius regni stemmata recentiora : ad 
 
 consanguinitates affinitatesq; per intermixta connubia discernendas delineata. 
 Adictis unicuiqj familise peculiare suum ac gentile insigne simul cum timbro 
 seu Crista, galea in ornamentum posito. 1587. 
 
 This appears to be written by Smith. 
 Harl. MS. 806. folio. 
 
 1588. A Brief Description of the famous Cittie of London, Capital Cittie of this 
 
 Rcalme of England, &c. Ann^ 1588. 
 In the Author's autograph. 
 Harl. MS. 6363. 4to. 
 
 1588. The Particuler Description of England, with Portraturcs of certainc of the 
 cheififest Citties and Townes. 
 
 B. M. Sloane MS. No. 2596. 
 1588. A Treatise on the History and Antiquities of Cheshire in 1588. 
 
 This MS. is by Smith ; and has a large coloured Map of the County, signed 
 and dated Sept. 9, 1585 ; a coloured bird's-eye view of Chester ; a long view of 
 Chester, signed and dated Sept. 7, 1585 ; two small sketches of Haulton town, 
 and castle, and of Beeston Castle ; and 126 Coats of Arms in trick. 
 
 Harl. MS. 1046, ff. 122—168.
 
 LIST OF WILLIAM SMITH'S WORKS. xiii 
 
 1 591. German Coats collected by William Smith, of London, during his abode in 
 Germany. 1591. folio. 
 
 [Philipot's Press, College of Arms, marked p''^1 
 1594 {circa). "A breef description of the famovs Cittie of Norenberg in High 
 Germany," written by \V. Smith about the year 1594. 
 
 There are three dedicatory epistles addressed respectively to Sir George 
 Carey, Knt. Marshall of the Household, Captain and Governor of the Isle of 
 Wight ; to Edward Lord Zouch, Cantelope and St. Maur ; and to the Rt. Hon. 
 Sir WilHani Cicell Lord Burghley. 
 
 The MS. contains arms, with maps of the city and territor}- of Nuremberg. 
 Lambeth IMS. No. 508. Described in Kershaw's Art Treasures of the 
 Lambeth Library, 1873 (p. 86). 
 
 1597- The Names of all the Knights in England in euery particuler Shyre, that serued 
 [in Scotland] in the time of K. Edward the first : w' the Blason of their Armes. 
 Apparently in Smith's autograph. Eleven leaves, the last three of which 
 contain various heraldic memorandums. 
 Harl. 4628. Leaf 261 in pencil. 
 
 1597. Baronagium Angliae. Magnatum scilicet illius Regni Stemmata recentiora, ad 
 
 Consanguinitates Affinitatesqj per intermixta Connubia discernendas delineata. 
 Adiectis unicuiqj familia; peculiare suum ac gentile Insigne, simuU cum timbro 
 seu crista galea, in ornamento positis, 1 597. 
 
 The above title is within an outline border, similar in design to the title-page 
 of the " Description of England, 1588." 
 
 The autograph " Wm. Smith, Rougedragon," is on the 2nd fly-leaf. 
 
 Harl. MS. 1160. Sm. folio. 
 
 1598. The Visitacion of Lancashire &c. Made in Anno 1567. Anoqj 9' R. Eliz. 
 
 Visitacio iste Lancastrias, transcripta et augmentata fuit in An° 1598 p me 
 Wm. Smith (ats) Rougedragon Prosecutorem ad Arma. 
 
 This manuscript is in large folio, and has an ornamental title-page with 
 coloured Coats of Arms, bearing the above title. 
 
 It contains a large coloured Map of Lancashire, which occupies a double 
 page. 
 
 Harl. MS. 6159. 
 
 1599. A Book of Miscellaneous Pedigrees, a° 1599, collected by Wm. Smith, R.D. 
 
 [Philipot's Press, College of Arms, marked j^j,] 
 
 1600. Stemmata Magnatum. Liber Guilielmi Smith, ais, Rougedragon, Prosecutoris 
 
 ad Arma. 
 
 A fine MS. of Pedigrees and Arms, written and painted by Smith, so entitled. 
 It has an ornamental coloured title-page containing in the centre, a full- 
 length figure of a herald, bare-headed, and dressed in the tabard. (Qy. Is it 
 intended for a portrait .?) In the four corners are coloured coats of arms of 
 Smith, Altensteig, Bostock, and Swenter: and on leaf ih. is a IMap of England. 
 This MS. afterwards belonged to J. Philpot, Rougedragon. 
 Harl. 1\IS. 6156. A large folio. 
 1600. Orders for the Feast of Saint George. Written first by Rob. Cooke, alias 
 Clarencieulx King of Armes, who exercised the roome of Garter, durante sede 
 vacante dicti Garterii 1585. Transcript [et magnopere augmentatus] per 
 W. Smith, alias Rougedragon, Anno Domini 1600. 
 
 Copied from a " MS. in 4° penes Ed. Walker, mil." 
 Ashmolean MS. No. 1108 (49a. 58-77). Black's Catalogue, col. 727. 
 1602. The Book of Coates & Creasts. Promptuarium Armofum. Begonne the 28 of 
 May 1602. P Wm. Smith Rougdragon. 
 
 In this MS. on f. 73, Smith gives the Arms of Rafe Smith, of Oldhaugh, in 
 Cheshire ; which are identical with his ow-n. They arc the same as those of 
 Sir Thos. Smith, of Cuerdley in Lancashire, quartered with those of Oldhaugh. 
 Had. MS. 5807. folio.
 
 XIV LIST OF WILLIAM SMITH'S WORKS. 
 
 1604. A large Alphabet in Blazon, beginning with the letter B. 
 
 "This is said to have been copied by WilHam Smith, Rouge Dragon afore- 
 said, A.D. 1604, and perhaps may be the foundation of his larger Alphabet ; 
 of which a fair transcript is now at Wympole." 
 
 It is not written by Smith, but has additions by him. 
 
 B. M. Had. MS. 2092, f. 20. 
 
 1604. \V. Smith's Alphabet of Arms. 
 
 " Finis p W. Smith Roughe (sic) Dragon 28 Jul. 1604." Sm. folio, pp. 393. 
 
 MS. King's College, Cambridge, given to the College by Dr. Richard 
 Roderick, of Christ Church, Oxford, brother of the Provost (Charles Roderick, 
 1689-1712). 
 
 A transcript of this MS. was made by the Rev. William Cole, in 1744, which 
 is now in the British Museum (Harl. MS. 5798). 
 
 Brooke, Somerset Herald, states in his notice of W. Smith, that he saw this 
 transcript in Cole's Library at Burnham, on 3rd May, 1777, and that " another 
 copy is in my possession." This Ordinary by Smith and Philipot, a thin folio, 
 is in the College of Arms, marked E.D.N., 72. 
 
 Harl. MS. 6 184 was also a MS. of Smith's Alphabet, but this was missing 
 out of the collection as early as 1824. 
 
 1605. The XII. Worshipfull Companies or Misteries of London, with the Armes of 
 
 all of them that have bin L. Mayors for the space almost of 300 yeares of every 
 Company pticulerly. Also most part of the Sheriffes and Aldermen. 
 
 MS. Bodleian Library. 
 
 In Moule's Bibliolheca Heraldica (p. 104), mention is made of a MS. then, 
 1822, in the possession of T. Willcment. 
 
 1 61 2. The Visitation of Dorset-shire. Transcript p Wm. Smith, Rougedragon. 
 An" 161 2. 
 
 s. a. The Armes & Disccnts, of all the Kinges of England. Since the tyme it was 
 named England (To say from K. Egbert the first Monarch thcrof) vntill our 
 Souereigne Lady, Quene Elizabeth. 
 
 What worldly wealth, what glorious state, 
 
 Can here on earth endure, 
 But Death doth make an end therof, 
 
 To lining wights most sure. 
 Only one thing doth florish still, 
 
 Though Diuell do disdaine. 
 And that is Vcrtu which for ay, 
 Immortall shall remaine. — W. S. 
 It consists of 22 leaves, and contains 43 coloured Coats of Arms. 
 B. M. Add. ]\IS. 27,438. 
 
 In the Catalogue, and on the back, it is ascribed to Wm. Segar ; but this 
 is a mistake, as it is really by Smith. 
 
 s. a. Stemmata Varia. Folio. Contains many miscellaneous pedigrees written 
 by Wm. Smith, Rouge Dragon. 
 
 [Philipot's Press, College of Arms, marked ' ^/°^j 
 Rawlinson MS.B. No. 113 is a volume containing six MSS. viz.: i. Catalogue of the Kings 
 of England. 2. Names of Dukes, &c. 3. Arms of Episcopal Sees, &c. Con- 
 tinued to the year 1634. 
 
 Some few insertions are written in red ink, to which the following 
 memorandum, on a scrap inserted in the volume, appears to apply, " Smith, 
 Rouge Dragon, the hand in red." Folio. Macray's Cat. p. 486. 
 
 Had. MS. 2221 (British Museum), which contains Arms of Bishops' Sees, Cities, Abbeys, 
 Priories, 1591, is said to be by Smith, but does not appear to be so. A list 
 in his autograph is inserted, headed "Abbeys, whose names are not in this 
 booke."
 
 In Harl. MS. 66oi are miscellaneous memorandums by Wm. Smith, among 
 which, on leaves 4^. and 8l>. is the following list : — 
 
 "The title of all such bookes, as i have made. 
 in folio Reg. Regum Principumqj Christiani orbis Terrarf fere omnium gencalogia. 
 
 in Quarto. The amies & discents of all ye Kings of England (since ye tyme it was 
 named England) to say from K. Egbert the first monarch therof : 
 
 vntill o'u soueigne Lady O. Elizabeth. 
 
 in quarto The armes & discentes of all ye Dukes, Marqueses, Erles, Viscounts & 
 Lordes, that haue bin created in England, since the tyme of \V. 
 Conqueror, to say from the yeare of our Lord 1066 vntill this present 
 yeare. 
 
 in octauo. Brcitis Anglise Descriptio, Ouns paucis complectit omnium in hac 
 Regione prouinciar(; nomina, situ.s, limites, et alia, quK ad easdem 
 cognoscendas sunt necessaria. 
 
 in 40 A particular discription of all ye Shyres in England w^* the portrature 
 of ye cheiffest Citties therein. 
 
 in 40 A description of the Roiall Cittie of London Capitall Cittic of this 
 Realme of England. 
 
 in 40 The Vale Roiall of England or Countie Pallatine of Chester. Con- 
 tayning a geographicall description of ye said Shyre or Countre)-, 
 wtli other thinges thcrto apartayning. 
 
 in folio How Germany is devidcd into X. Circuites w'h the names & armes of 
 euy pticuler member of ye whole Romish Empire. 
 
 in folio. A Booke of Sheildes & Healmes of ye nobility & gentlemen in 
 Germany. 
 
 in 40 A particuler description of ye Cittie of Norimberg in Germany, \vc is 
 accompted, & Right well worthy one of ye goodliest Citties in 
 Europa, w* the order of the pollecey, rule, & goument of ye same. 
 
 The Armes of the nobilyty & cheiffest gentlemen in Polonia. 
 
 Certaine mappes of Countreis & Citties."
 
 LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 *^* Tlie names and titles in this list are given as they are in the original MS. 
 
 Frontispiece— Map of England. 
 
 IrXUMINATED TiTLE-PAGE. 
 
 Plate I. 
 Arms of London, Dover, Hastings, 
 Kingston, Southampton, Exeter, 
 Ipswich, Bedford, Northampton, 
 Buckingham, Hereford, Worcester, 
 Warwiclc, Duchy of Lancaster. 
 
 Plate H. 
 
 Arms of York, Leicester, Lincoln, 
 Bishopric of Durham, Nottingham, 
 Shrewsbury, Lancaster, Isle of Man, 
 Durham, Newcastle, Cheshire, York, 
 Yorkshire. 
 
 Plate III. 
 
 Arms of Archbishops and Bishops, — 
 Cantcrbuiy, York, London, Win- 
 chester, Norwich, Ely, Worcester, 
 Salisbury, Lincoln, Hereford, Lich- 
 field and Coventr}-, Chichester, Bath 
 and Wells, Exeter, Peterborough, 
 Rochester, Gloucester, Bristol. 
 
 Plate IV. 
 Arms of Bishops, — Oxford, St. Davids, 
 St. Asaph, Llandaff Bangor, Durham, 
 Chester, Carlisle. 
 
 Earls of Penihrook. 
 
 1. Walter Gifford. 
 
 2. Ric. Strongbow. 
 
 3. Wm. Marshall. 
 
 4. Wm. Valence. 
 
 5. John Hastings Erie of Penbrok. 
 
 6. Wm. De la poole Duke of Suffolk 
 & Erie of Penbrok. 
 
 7. Humfrey Duke of gloccster, & 
 Erie of Penbrok. 
 
 8. Jasper Duke of Bedford, & Erie 
 of Penbrooke. 
 
 9. Wm. Herbert. 
 10. Wm. Herbert. 
 
 Plate V. 
 Erles of Kent. 
 
 1. Tofty brother to K. Harold Erie 
 of Kent Beffore The Conquest. 
 
 2. Odo Bishopp of Baieux half 
 brother to Wm. Conquerer, E. of 
 Kent. 
 
 3. Hubert de Burgo Erie of Kent. 
 an° 1228. 
 
 4. Edmund of W^oodstock Sonne to 
 K. E. I. an° 1328. 
 
 5. Thomas Holland Erie of Kent, 
 
 1397- 
 
 6. William Neuill. L. Faconbridge 
 
 Erie of Kent. an° 1444. 
 
 7. The L. gray of Ruthin now Erie 
 of Kent. 
 
 8. Roger Comin. 
 
 9. Walden. 
 
 10. Roger Mowbray. 
 
 11. The L. Percy now Erie of North- 
 uberland. 
 
 12. 
 13- 
 14- 
 IS- 
 16. 
 
 Rob. Beamont. 
 Simon Montford. 
 Rob. Ferrers. 
 Edmund of Lancaster. 
 Rob. Dudley. 
 
 Plate VI. 
 
 William Warren Erie Warren & 
 Surrey. 
 
 Hameli'i PlantagenetErleWarren 
 & Surrey. 
 
 John Plantagenet Erie Warren & 
 Surrey. 
 
 Thomas Holland Duke of Surrey 
 & Erie of Kent. 
 
 John Mowbray Erie Warren & 
 Surrey.
 
 LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 XVU 
 
 6. The L. Howard Erie Warren & 
 Surrey. 
 
 7. Wm. Fitzallen Erie of Arundell. 
 
 9- 
 10. 
 1 1. 
 
 Ei-Ics of Warwick. 
 Turquenq 
 Henry Newborow. 
 John de Placentis. 
 Wm. Mandrid. 
 
 12. Wm. Beauchamp. 
 
 13. Ric. Nevill. 
 
 14. Edward Piantagenet. 
 
 15. Joh. Sutton (alias) Dudley. 
 
 Plate VH. 
 
 1. Reinold Erie of Bristow and 
 Cornwall. 
 
 2. Cador Erie of Cornwall beffore 
 the Conquest. 
 
 3. Richard PlantagenetErleof Corn- 
 wall, & K. of Romains. 
 
 4. Piers Gaveston. 
 
 5. John of Eltham. 
 
 6. 7, 8, Edward Prince of Wales, 
 Duke of Cornwall, Erie of Chester. 
 
 Erks of Southampton. 
 9. Stigand^i Archb. of Ciiterbury & 
 Erie of Southampton. 
 
 10. W^m.GobionErleof Southampton. 
 
 1 1. Wm. Fitz William Erie of South- 
 ampton. 
 
 1 2. The L.Wriothesley Erie of South- 
 ampton. 
 
 13. Hugh Beauchamp Baron of Bed- 
 ford. 
 
 14. Ingram Courcy Erie of Bedford. 
 
 15. John Duke of Bedford Regent of 
 France. 
 
 16. Jasper Duke of Bedford & Erie 
 of Penbroke. 
 
 17. The L. Russell, now Erie of 
 Bedford. 
 
 Plate VHI. 
 Camber King of Wales. 
 Edward, Prince of Wales, &c. 
 Lewillen Prince of Wales, [trie. 
 Algart Erie of Chester & Coven- 
 
 Hugh Lupus. 
 Hugh Kifeliock. 
 
 8. Ranulph 13ohum. 
 
 9. Edward Erie of Chester, Eldest 
 Sonne to King Henry ye third. 
 
 10, II, 12. Edward Prince of Wales, 
 Duke of Cornwall & Erie of 
 Chester. 
 
 Erks of Winchester. 
 
 13. Cliton Erie of Winchester. 
 
 14. Roger QuineyErle of Winchester. 
 
 15. Hugh Spencer, Erie of Win- 
 chester. 
 
 16. The L. Groithuse Erie of Win- 
 chester. 
 
 17. Wm. Pawlet Marques of Win- 
 chester & Erie of Wiltshire. 
 
 Plate IX. 
 Erles of Lincolne. 
 
 1. Wm. Romare. 
 
 2. Ranulph Erie of Chester & Lin- 
 colne. 
 
 3. Rob. Quincy. 
 
 4. John Lacy. 
 
 5. Henry of Bollinbrok. 
 
 6. John De la Poole. 
 
 7. Edward Clinton, now Erie. 
 
 8. Ursois de obtot. 
 
 9. Wm. Beauchamp. 
 
 10. Thom'J Percy. 
 
 11. John L. Tiptoft. 
 
 12. Wm. L. Somerset, now Erie. 
 
 Erks of Wiltshire. 
 
 13. Wm. Scrope. 
 
 14. James Butler. 
 
 15. Henr>' Stafford. 
 
 16. Thom"! Bullen. 
 
 17. Wm. Pawlet. 
 
 Plate X. 
 Erks of Essex. 
 Wm. Maundeville. 
 Wm. Say. 
 Humfrey Bohun. 
 Henry Bourchier. 
 
 5. Thom"! Cromwell. 
 
 6. Wm. PcuT. 
 
 7. Walther Devereux. 
 
 I. 
 
 2. 
 3- 
 
 4- 
 
 Erks of Northampton. 
 Waldern, Erie of Northampton. 
 Simon Longchamp. 
 
 10. Wm. Bohun. 
 
 11. Thomas^of Woodstock D. of Gloc: 
 Erie of Buck : Northiipto, & 
 Essex. 
 
 Wm. Parr, Marques of North- 
 ampton. 
 
 8. 
 9- 
 
 12
 
 LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 Erics of Salcshury. 
 
 13. Wm. Crispin. 
 
 14. Wm. Longespe. 
 
 15. Wm. Montacute. 
 
 16. Ric. Nevill. 
 
 17. Margret Countess of Salesbury. 
 
 Plate XL 
 Erics of Devonshire. 
 
 1. Armer Erie of Devon in ye Con- 
 quest tyme. 
 
 2. Wm. Courtney Erie of Devon- 
 shire. 
 
 3. Wm. Rivers Erie of Devonshire 
 & Excester. 
 
 4. John Beauford Marques Dorcet. 
 
 5. Thomas Grey Marques Dorcet. 
 
 6. Walter Constable. Erie of Here- 
 ford. 
 
 7. HumfreyBohun Erie of Hereford. 
 
 8. Henry of Bollinbroke Duke of 
 Hereford. 
 
 9. Walter Devereux, Viscount Here- 
 ford. 
 
 Erics of Carlile. 
 
 10. Marcat' Erie of Carlile. 
 
 11. Ric. D. of Glocester & Erie of 
 Carlile. 
 
 12. Andrew Harklow Erie of Carlile. 
 
 13. Edgar Adding, Erie of Oxford. 
 
 14. Edward Vere, now Erie of Ox- 
 ford. 
 
 1 5. Roger Montgomery Erie of Arun- 
 dell & Shrewsbury. 
 
 16. The L. Talbot, now Erie of 
 Shrewsbury. 
 
 Plate XH. 
 
 1. Reinold de Mohun Erie of Somer- 
 set. 
 
 2. Edmund Beauford Duke of 
 Somerset. 
 
 3. Henry Fitzroy Duke of Rich- 
 mond & Somerset. 
 
 4. Edward ScmerDuke of Somerset. 
 
 5. Waldern Erie of Northubland 
 Huntington & Northampton. 
 
 6. Henry Erie of Huntington, sonne 
 to David K. of Scotts. 
 
 7. The L. Hastings now Erie of 
 Huntington. 
 
 8. Wm. Clinton Erie of Huntington. 
 
 9. John Holland Erie of Huntington. 
 
 Diikcs of Norfolk. 
 
 10. Thomas a Brotherton Erie of 
 Norfolk, Sonne to K. E. I. 
 
 1 1 . Margret Segrave Duchess of Nor- 
 folk. 
 
 12. Thomas Mowbray Duke of Nor- 
 folk. 
 
 13. John Howard Duke of Norfolk. 
 
 Plate XHI. 
 
 1. Edmund of Langley Duke of 
 York & Erie of Cambridge. 
 
 2. Richard (sonne to ye said Ed- 
 mund) Erie of Cambridge. 
 
 3. Robert Stafford Erie of Stafford. 
 
 4. Humfrey Stafford Duke of Buck- 
 ingham & Erie of Stafford. 
 
 5. Walter Gifford Erie of Bucking- 
 ham & Penbrook. 
 
 6. Thomas of Woodstock Duke of 
 Glocester & Erie of Buckingham. 
 
 7. Humfrey Stafford Duke of Buck- 
 ingham. 
 
 Erics of Bath. 
 
 8. Thirkill Erie of Bath In ye Con- 
 quest tyme. 
 
 9. John Bourchier, now Erie of Bath. 
 
 10. John Holland Duke of Excester 
 and Erie of Huntington. 
 
 11. Thomq Beauford Duke of Exces- 
 ter & Marques Dorcet. 
 
 12. Henry Courtney Marques of Ex- 
 cester and Erie of Devon. 
 
 1 3. Uttrcd de Raby Erie of Westmer- 
 land. 
 
 14. The L. Nevill Erie of Wcstmer- 
 land. 
 
 1 5. Raff, Erie of Estalnge & Norwich. 
 
 16. Randulph Bigod Erie of Norwich. 
 
 Plate XIV. 
 I. Edward Semer Erie of Hartford. 
 
 2. Reinold Erie of Bri.stow & Corn- 
 wall.
 
 LIST OF PLATES. 
 
 XIX 
 
 Erles of Darby. 
 
 3. Walter Ferrers. 
 
 4. Edmund of Lancaster. 
 
 5. Henry L. Stanley, now Earle of 
 Darby. 
 
 6. Henry of Lancaster. 
 
 Plate XV. 
 Erles of Glocester. 
 
 1. Morviens. 
 
 2. Win. Passy. 
 
 3. Rob. Fitzhamon. 
 
 4. Rob. Consull. 
 
 5. Gilbart Clare. 
 
 6. Piers Gaveston. 
 
 7. Hugh Audley. 
 
 8. Hugh Spencer. 
 
 9. Thomq of Woodstock Duke of 
 Glocester. 
 
 10. Humfrey Duke of Glocester. 
 
 11. Richard Duke of Glocester 
 
 9. George Duke of Clarence & Erie 
 
 of Rutland. 
 10. Thomas Manners, now Erie of 
 Rutland. 
 
 12. Roger Glanvile Erie of Suffolk. 
 
 13. Robart Ufford Erie of Suffolk. 
 
 14. Henry Gray Duke of Suffolk. 
 
 15. William De la Poole Duke of 
 Suffolk. 
 
 16. Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk. 
 
 Plate XVL 
 Erles of Nottingham. 
 
 1. Wm. Peverell. 
 
 2. John Mowbray. 
 
 3. Wm. Barkley. 
 
 4. Henry Fitz Roy. 
 
 5. Cospatrick Erie of Cumberland. 
 
 6. Raff. Meschcms Erie of Cumber- 
 land. 
 
 7. The L. Clifford now Erie of 
 Cumberland. 
 
 Erles of Rtitland. 
 
 8. Edward Duke of Aumale, & Erie 
 of Rutland. 
 
 11. Allen Fergant Erie of Brittain & 
 Richmond. 
 
 12. Joh. of Gaunt E. of Richm. 
 
 13. Joh. Brittain. 
 
 14. Edmund Erie of Richmond & 
 Margret his Wyff. 
 
 15. Henr>^ Fitz Roy Duke of Rich- 
 mond, &c. 
 
 Plate XVH. 
 Arms of Bostock, Swenter, Smith, and 
 Altensteig. 
 
 Plate XVHL 
 Bird's-eye View of Canterbury (1588). 
 
 Plate XLX. 
 Bird's-eye View of Rochester. 
 
 Pl.ate XX. 
 Profile Sketches of Winchester and 
 Colchester. 
 
 Plate XXL 
 ProfileSketch of Salisbury(i588). Bird's- 
 eye View of Bath. 
 
 Plate XXII. 
 View of Stonehengc. Arms of Thomas 
 Radcliffe, Earl of Sussex. 
 
 Plate XXIIL 
 Bird's-eye View of Cambridge. 
 
 Plate XXIV. 
 Profile Sketches of Chester, and Oxford. 
 
 Plate XXV. 
 Bird's-eye View of Bristol (1568). 
 
 Plate XXVI. 
 Profile Sketches of Coventrj-, Lichfield, 
 and Stafford. 
 
 Pl.ate XXVII. 
 Bird's-eye View of Norwich. 
 
 Plate XXVIII. 
 Bird's-eye View of London. 
 
 *^* Tlie Plates are printed in colours by Messrs. Harrison & Sous, St. Martiti's 
 
 Lane, Charinsc Cross.
 
 Cf)e prologue. 
 
 HOW ENGLAND TOOK NAME. 
 
 * Some wryters affirme that this land was first named Samothe, by Samothe, ^[l^af 3.] 
 otherwise called Dis, the sonne of Japheth ; and afterwards called Albion, by 
 Albion, the sonne of Neptune. Which name yt kept vntiU th& coming of Brute, 
 who (after that he had overcome the giantes which then did inhabit it) did 
 name all the land Brutain, or Britain, after his owne name. And the people 
 therof were called Brittains ; which Brittains enioyed tJiz whole land, & kept 
 it in their owne posession, vntill such tyme as they were overcome of the 
 Romains, vnto whom they became tributary. Not long after, the Scottes and 
 tliQ Pictes envadcd t]i& north part of the land, wz'th whom the Brittains had 
 many battaills. But being at last sore oppressed w/th them, and disapointed 
 of the Romains of hclpe, were forced to entertayne the Saxons & Englishmen, 
 which were then roving vppon the seas, to seeke their adventure. For in 
 those dales Saxonia *was much greater then it is now; ffor it contained *[Ieaf 3/'.] 
 Saxonia, Thuringia, Hessen, Braunswik, Luneburg, Holft, & Friesland, even to 
 the very sea. It appeareth also by wryters that there came in at that tyme 
 seaven sundry strange nations into Brittaine. But the cheiffest were Saxons, 
 Englishmen & Jutes ; who coming to hclpe the Britains against their enemies, 
 did, in the end, turne their weapons against their maisters which entertayned 
 them, dryving them to the vttermost corners of the land, namely into Wales, 
 Cornwall, & Galloway. And called (he said Brittains, Walshmen, that is to 
 say, Strangemen, as they be called at this day. Lyke as the Germains do 
 vse to call the Italians bordering vppon them Walshers, & Italy they call 
 Walshland : even so did the Saxons & Englishmen call the Britains Walshmen, 
 & their countrcy Wales ; ffor befifore that tyme Wales was called Cambria. 
 The Saxons, then Englishmen, having gotten sure posession of most part of the 
 land, did send for more of their countreymen, which passing the seas, came 
 over, & joyning them selves together, devyded so much of the land as they had 
 gotten into seaven kingdomes, to say, Kent, Southsaxons or Sussex, *Est Saxons '[leaf 4.] 
 or Essex, West Saxons, March, Estengland & Northumberland, which Northum- 
 berland was after devyded into two kingdomes, namely, Deira, & Bernicia. 
 But in the end the kingdome of West Saxons subdewed all the other. So 
 that Egbert king therof (having brought all to one monarchy) comaunded 
 all the land to be called England, & the people Englishmen, because he hym 
 selfif was come of the Englishmen. And king Alfred (which shortly after 
 succeeded hym) did devyde the. same into shyres. But to retorne to the
 
 2 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 Britains or Walshmen. They, seing them selves thus to be overcome, and 
 dryven out of their owne land, and knowing the Danes to be ancient enemies 
 to the Saxons, did provoke the said Danes to enter the land, to be revenged 
 on them ; which Danes, after many bloudy battaills, (partly by matching in 
 marriage w/th the bloud Roiall, & partly w/th force), did in the end gett 
 posession of the crowne, w/tich their kings enioyed for the space of xxvj 
 yeares. During which tyme the Danes vsed great cruelty towards the English- 
 men, but at the last they were all slaine in one night as our cronicles report, 
 •[leaf 4^.] & the Danish wiyters them selves do not deny. *The Brittains or Walshmen 
 (althowgh they were made tributaries to the Englishmen), yet had they alwaies 
 their owne peculier Prince, vntill the yeare of our Lord 12S2, that King 
 Edward the First envadcd them on ech syde, both by sea & by land, and 
 w/th force ovtTcame them, & slew their Prince, named Lewillen. Since which 
 tyme they have had for their Prince the King of Englands eldest sonne, who 
 the very day of his birth, is called Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall, and 
 Erie of Chester. 
 
 [leafs '5 occupied by the map : see Frontispiece.] 
 
 A DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 *[leaf6.] * Britainc, which at this day contayneth two severall kingdomes, & by two 
 
 sundry names is called England & Scotland, is scituate in ye Occeane Sea, 
 
 right against France. The greater part therof (lying towards the south) is 
 
 called England, wherof only at this present I purpose to entreat, together 
 
 w/th tJiQ Principallyty of Wales, the Duchy of Cornwall, & County Pallatyne 
 
 of Chester. The length of this realme of England is, from Portsmouth in 
 
 tliQ south, to Barwik in ///e north, about 340 myles. The breadth, from Doner 
 
 The length 6^ in tJiG. est to tliQ. Land's End in Cornwall, being west, about 320. And so 
 
 breadth of being 3 conierd, I make it to be : from Barwik to Doner 300 myles ; 
 
 England. {xovl\ Douer to St. Buriens in Cornwall, 300 ; & from thence to Barwik, 400 ; 
 
 which maketh ///e compass round about to be looo myles. In which king- 
 
 ASv^fj, CiW/w, dome I ffynd to be 53 shyres, or countries, to say, 40 in England, & 13 
 
 Market in Wales; about 100 walled townes ; 616 market townes, tlia\. is 560 in 
 
 Townes &• England, & 56 in Wales; and about 10,581 parish churches, to say, 9610 in 
 
 Churehes. England, & 971 in Wales. The names of the. sayd shyres do ffoUow. 
 
 •[Ieaf6i.] 
 
 *SHYRES IN ENGLAND. 
 
 1. Kent, whose chcitTe cittie is Canterbury. 
 
 2. Sussex, which hath the cittie of Chichester. 
 
 3. Surrey hath Southward, & in tymes past Gilford. 
 
 4. Hams/life, wherein is the cittie of Winchester, but the shyre towne is Southampton. 
 
 5. Barkshii-e hath Reding & Wallingford. 
 
 6. Wiltshire taketh name of Wilton, in tymes a ffamous cittie, but now Salesbury, 
 
 2 myles thence, is ike. cheiffest. 
 
 7. Dorceisliire hathe the towne of Dorchester. 
 
 8. Soinersctsliire hath Bath & Welles, & a good part of Bristow. 
 
 9. DevoiisJiire, whose cheiff cittie is Excester. 
 
 10. Cornivall, whose shyre town is Launston, but the greatest towne is Bodman, and 
 
 the cheiffest towne of trafifik is Truro. 
 
 11. Essex hath Colchester, but the sessions are kept at Chelmsford. 
 
 12. Midlesex, wherein is the famous cittie of London, & hard by it Westminster, 
 
 newly made a cittie also.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 3 
 
 13. Hartfordsliire, wherein is Hartford & St. Albons. 
 
 14. Suffolk hath Ypswicli & Buiy. 
 
 15. Norfolk hath the cittie of Norwich. 
 
 16. Caiiibridgshire, wherin is the Vniversity of Cambridge, & tlie citt}- of Ely. 
 
 17. Hiuitingtonsliire hath the towne of Huntington. 
 
 18. Bedfordslm-e, wherein is the towne of Bedford. 
 
 19. Northainptoitsliire hatli Nortliampton, & Peterborow citty. 
 
 20. Biickhighamsliire, whose cheift' towne is Buckingliam. 
 
 21. Oxfordshire, wlierein is tli& Yniversyty & cittie of O.xford. 
 
 22. * Glocestersliire hath th^ cittie of Glocester. '[leafy.] 
 
 23. Hcrcfordsliire, wherin is th^ cittie of Hereford. 
 
 24. Worcestershire, whose cheifT cittie is Worcester. 
 
 25. Warivikshire, wherein is th& cittie of Coventrie, and the towne of Warwik. 
 
 26. Leicestershire, whose cheiffe cittie is Leicester. 
 
 27. Rutland, whose sliyre towne is Okeham. 
 
 28. Lincolneshire hath the cittie of Lincolne. 
 
 29. Nottingliamsliire, wherein is ///e ftyne towne of Nottingham. 
 
 30. Darbysliire hathe the towne of Darby. 
 
 31. Staffordshyre hath Stafford, & th& citty of Lichfeld. 
 
 32. Shropshire, wherein is the brave towne of Shrewsbury. 
 '^T,. Cheshire hathe ths ffamous cittie of Chester. 
 
 34. Lancashire, whose sliyre towne is Lancaster. 
 
 35. Yorkshyre, wherein is the great & ancient citty of York. 
 
 36. Durham is both a bishopprick & a county pallatine, taking name of the cittie of 
 
 Durham. 
 
 37. Westmerlaud, whose shyre towne is Appleby. 
 
 38. Richmondshire hath tlie. towne of Richmond. 
 
 39. Cumberland, wherein is tlie citty of CarHIe. 
 
 40. NortJiumberland, whose cheilT towne is Newcastle vppon T}'ne. 
 
 Hereafter ffolloweth the names of the shyres in Wales. 
 
 *SHYRES IN WALES. •[le='f7*] 
 
 ^ Monmouthshyre seweth all writtcs out of the High Court of Chauncery, at 
 London, as other Shyres in England do. 
 
 Glamorgansliire. "i „, . c- ^1 i j j ^i. • -^i. 
 
 , Brecknockshire. [^^^^^^ 3 are named Southwales, and do sue their wntts 
 i Radnorshire. j °"^ °^ ''''' E.xcheker at 
 
 Carmardcnshire. ">„, ,,, ,01 -i- • r 
 
 Cardio-anshire ' these 3 are Westwales, & do sue their wntts out of 
 Penbrokshire. ' \ ^^^^ Excheker at 
 
 
 
 tS 
 
 < 
 
 ^ 
 
 Merinotlishire. "i _,, ^r 1 1 , , 1 • • 
 
 /i„^i;-^^ ' ihese 3 are Northwales, and do sue their wntts out 
 
 Carnaruanshire. j °f ^he E.xcheker at Carnaruan. 
 
 ATontgomory shire. ) „, „ , , , ... 
 
 Dcnbio-Iisldrc - •'■^icse 3 are Estwales, and do sue their writtes out 
 
 Flintshire ' \ °^ '•'^^ Exchequer at Chester. 
 
 There is in England xxij Bishoppricks, & 4 in Wales, which is in all 26 
 (besydes one in tlie He of Man). The names of which Bishoppricks, \\\th the 
 amies of their Seas, I have placed hereafter. 
 
 [leaves 8a. 8*. and <)a. contain Arms of the Bishoprics of England : see Plates III. and IV. The following 
 inscription occurs on leaf 9, after the arms of the Bishops of Durham, Chester, and Carlisle: — "These iij are 
 vndcr the Archbishopp of York, who is also a Primate of England, and was of long tyme Primate of Scotland 
 also. '"]
 
 4 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 •[leaf 9/'-] *BISHOPPRICKS IN ENGLAND. 
 
 These Bishoppricks are by a Greek word called Diocesses, of which Diocesses : 
 
 Canterbury hath Kent. 
 
 Rochester hath part of Kent ; but the Bishopp of Rochester is Almoner to the 
 King. 
 
 London hath Essex, Midlesex, & part of Hartfordshire. 
 
 CIticliester hath Sussex. 
 
 Winchester hath Hamshirc, Surrey, & ye He of Wight. 
 
 Salesbnry hath Wiltshire and Barkshire. 
 
 Excester hath Deuonshire & Cornwall. 
 
 Batli & Welles hath Somersetshire. 
 
 Worcester hath Worcestershire & part of Warwikshire. 
 
 Glocester hath Glocestershire. 
 
 Hereford hath Herefordshire & part of Shropshire. 
 
 Lichfeld &■ Couentry hath Staffordshire, Darbyshire, part of Warwikshire, & part 
 of Shropshire. 
 . Lincolne hath Lincolnshire, Leicestershire, Bedfordshire, Huntingtonshire, Bucking- 
 hamshire, and the rest of Hartfordshire. 
 
 Ely hath Cambridgeshire and the He of Ely. 
 
 Oxford hath Oxfordshire. 
 *[le.-if lo.] * Noriuich hath Norfolk, Suffolk, & part of Cambridgeshire. 
 
 Peterboroiv hath Northamptonshire and Rutland. 
 
 Bristoiv hath Dorcetshirc. 
 
 St. Danids, Landaff, St. Assaph, Bangor. These 4 are in Wales, and have those 
 xiij shyres dcvyded amongst them which are in Wales, as in tlio. description 
 of Wales appeareth. 
 
 York hath Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, & a pcece of Lancashire. 
 
 Durliant hath the Bishopprick of Durham and Northumberland. 
 
 Chester hath Cheshire, Richmondshire, most part of Lancashire, part of Denbigh- 
 shire, & part of Plintshire. 
 
 Carlilc hath Cumberland & Westmerland. 
 
 These 4, & that in the lie of Man, are tlie province of the Archbishopp of 
 
 York. 
 
 ♦[leaf 10/..] *THE 4 BRINCIPALL RIUERS IN ENGLAND. 
 
 Hereafter shalbe described the courses of the foure principall rivers in 
 England, to say, the Thamise, Seuern, H umber & Trent (ffor the lesser shalbe 
 spoken of in their places, in the particuler description of every shyre). And first 
 the Thamise. 
 
 Thamise is first called Isis, or Ise, and springeth in Glocestershire, not farr 
 from Ciciter, and keping his course estwards, passeth throwgh a corner of 
 Wiltshire to Creklade, where it taketh in the river of Churn, that cometh frow 
 Ciciter afforsaid, which is much bigger then it selff, and then passeth to 
 Castlcaton, Kemsford, & Lechlade, where it taketh in ye Colne, & beneath the 
 towne the Lech, & so passeth to Ratcotbridge & Newbridge, where it taketh 
 in a river called Windrush, that cometh from Whitney, in Oxfordshire, & after 
 an other that cometh from Chippingnorton, ariveth lastly at Oxford, where 
 (having receaved the river of Cherwell) passeth to Abington, and there receaveth 
 a small river named Ock, which cometh out of Barkshire, and after at Dorchester 
 meeteth w/th the river of Tame, becowmeth navigable, altcreth name, & is called 
 Thamise, and passing to Wallingford & Reding, where (having receaved in the 
 river of Kenet) it torneth northest, receiving by th^ way the river of Loddon, & 
 so cometh to Henley, devyding Oxfordshire from Barkshire all his course from 
 Lechlade, a myle beneath Henley. From Henley the Thamise passeth to
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 5 
 
 Maidenhead, * Windsor, & Stanes, where it receaveth in tJic river of Cohie, that .[leaf u.] 
 conieth from Vxbridge & Colbrok, and afterwards visiteth Otcland, where it 
 receaveth in the river that cometh from Gilford, & then Hampton Court, where 
 having received in the river tliat cometh from Coveham, it passeth a myle 
 thence to Kingston, where it is 500 foote broade, and then torneth northwards to 
 Richmond & Brainford, & from thence estwards agayne, ariveth at the noble 
 cittie of London, where it is lOOO foote brode. From London it passeth to 
 Deptfford & Grcnewich, and at Blackwall receaveth ye river of Lee, that parteth 
 Essex from Midlesex, & after another that cometh fro;« Barking in Essex, at 
 Wolwich becomcth salt, & so passeth to Erith, receving by ///e way the river of 
 Darent (which cometh from Dartford), aryveth at Gravesend, & from thence (being 
 alwais broder & broder), nere to Ligh in Essex, having on that syde made 
 certaine small ylandes, cometh on tint other syde to Quinborow Castell, in tint He 
 of Shepey, where having received in the river of Medway, t/iat cometh from 
 Rochester, is accowpted there four mylcs brode, and having passed the sayd He, 
 it becommeth so broad (the land fayling on Essex syde) that it is accompted no 
 more the Thamise, but the meane sea. 
 
 * Severn (called in Latin Sabrina, & in Walsh Hauern, or Hafrcn), springeth »[ieaf ii/<.] 
 in Wales, at a great hill called Plimlimon, at which mountain also springeth two 
 other rivers, namely, the Wy, & the Ridall. The Severn kepeth his course 
 northest to Newton, Montgomory, & Walsh Poole, after entreth into Shropshire 
 to Shrawden, but befifore it come there it receaveth in a river named Tanat. 
 After keping his course est, & sometymcs southest, visyteth & almost en- 
 vironeth the fayre towne of Shrewsbury, and having receved in the Terne at 
 Acham, passeth to Bildas, and Bridgenorth, bendeth somwhat towards f/ie south, 
 cometh to Beaudeley in Worcestershire, & passeth throwgh t/ie said shyre to t/ie 
 cittie of Worcester, where it receaveth t/ie river of Teme, which cometh from 
 Ludlow, and so passeth to Vpton, & not farr from Tewksbuiy, in Glocestershire, 
 it receaveth in the Auon, which cometh from Warwik, & afterwards cometh to 
 the cittie of Glocester, & about S myles from thence, at Newnham, is salt water, 
 and beginneth to be very brode, and so ronning sowthwest, receaveth the river of 
 Wy, by meanes wherof yt becometh so brode (that after it hath received in f/ie 
 Auon, which cometh from Bristow), it is then called the Severn Sea. 
 
 * I//e)H/>er heareth only that name from f/ie place where the Owse & Trent do *[ieaf 12] 
 meet, vntill it come to the sea. The said river of Owse is greatly augmented by 
 i/ie river of Swale, w/iich coming from Richmond, meeteth with the greate river of 
 Youre, wherof York in old tyme did take name, by meanes wherof the Ouse 
 (w/iic/i beffore was but a litle broke) becometh very great, & so receiving in tke 
 river of Nid, ariveth at i/ie cittie of York, & after meeteth w/th t/ie Warf, 
 Derwent, & Aer, lastly w/th tke Trent, & then is called H umber, & so passeth 
 to Kingstown, where it rcceiveth t/ie river of Hull, and falleth into t/ic sea at t/ie 
 Spurnehead. 
 
 Treiif springeth at //-e foot of Mowcopp Hill, which hill parteth Cheshire 
 from Staffordshire, and kepeth his course southest to Trentham & Stone, where, 
 not farr of, having receved in t/ie river of Sow, t/mt cometh from Stafford, it 
 becometh navigable ; keping then his course estwards, passeth vnder Worsley 
 bridge, & after receveth in t/ie Blith, then Tame, w/iic/i cometh frow Tamworth, 
 cometh to Burton, after taketh in t/ie Doue, then ///re Daruent, which cometh from 
 Darby, lastly //re Sowre, which cometh from Leicester, passeth not farr from the 
 ffyne towne of Nottingham, and from thence northest & north to Suthwell & 
 Newark, then directly north to Gainsborow & Axsey, where it maketh an Hand 
 called A.xholme, and after it hath receved the river of Dan, that cometh from 
 Dancaster, meeteth together agayne, and so falleth or meeteth w/th the Owse, 
 and is called H umber, as afforsaid.
 
 6 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 *[l™fi2'''] * WONDERS IN ENGLAND. 
 
 It is said tliat there are vij wonders in England, lyke as there is vij 
 wonders of the world. But because there are more wonderful! things then those 
 which some have written of, I will sett downe such things as I thinck most 
 wonderfull, and yet kepe the nomber of vij still. 
 
 1. The Bathes, at the citty of Bath, are accompted one, althowgh yet they are 
 not so wonderfull, seing that tlic sulphur & brimston in the earth ys the cause 
 therof ; but this may pass well ynowgh for one. 
 
 2. The second some make to be the Stonehedge in Wiltshire, not farr from 
 Salesbury. This monument was set vpp by Aurelius Ambrose, King of Brittains, 
 about ///e yeare of our Lord 470, in remembrance of 460 barons & noblemen of 
 the Britains that were there slayne by treason of th^ Saxons, in tJic daies of 
 Vortiger his predecessor ; the picture of which stones are after to be scene in the 
 description of Wiltshire. 
 
 J. There is at tliQ Peak, and other mountains in England, such hollow places 
 \'nder //^e ground, that many men have gone in & passed a good way, yet could 
 they not come to tJm end therof And being within, have found so many roumes 
 & places, that except they have a long lyne with them to follow, shall not hitt 
 the way out agayne. Also witlnw the said caves are found ronniwg rivers of 
 waters, so deepe, that a man cannot w/th a long poale reach the bottome. 
 -[leaf 13.] *y. There are two rivers which part Suffolk from Norfolk, that spring both 
 
 out of one lake at Lophamford ; the one is named Litle Ouse & ronneth 
 westward ; the other, named Wavcney, ronneth estward towards Vermouth. 
 
 5. There is a well at Knarcsborow in Yorkshire, called the Dropping Well, 
 whicli torneth into stone what soever is put or falleth into it, in tli& space of jx 
 or X monthes, and yet the thing shall kepe his proper forme & shape still ; as I 
 my selff have secne a billet of wood, that so much as stood in tlt& water, was 
 very stone, ///e rest wood still. 
 
 6. The salt pitts in Cheshire, & one in Worcestershire, wherw/th salt is 
 made, may very well pass for a wonder, because they are allwaies found by a 
 fresh river of water, and not nere the sea or any salt water. 
 
 7. The vijth & last, may well be London Bridge, ffor that there is not the 
 lykc in all the world agayne ; and to make the nomber even, take Pawles Church in 
 
 t[*'c-] S. London for the eight, whose lyke for greatnes is not "f Christendome. 
 
 Hereafter ffollovveth the particuler description of eveiy shyre in England, and 
 beffore t/ie same I have placed the amies of all them that have byn Erles of the 
 same countrey. And first of Kent. 
 
 [leaf 13/'. conlains the Arms of the Earls of Kent : see Plate V.] 
 
 *[icaf 14.] * K E N T. 
 
 Kent, called by the Romains Cantium, by the Brittains .Caint, cometh first 
 to hand to be spoken of, and lyeth sowth and sowthest next to France, where 
 ///e narrow seas are but 24 myles broade. So that wzth a good wynd, 
 a man may sayle in little more then two howres from Dover to Callis, which is 
 30 myles. On the north syde it is devyded from Essex by the famous river 
 of Thamise, having the meane sea on the est, Sussex on the south, & Surrey on 
 the west. This countrey contayneth in length est & west 50 myles, and in 
 breadth north & south 25. Wherein are two citties, namely Canterbury and 
 Rochester, xviij market townes, to say, Dover, Sandwich, Feuersham, Milton, 
 Gravcscnd, Dartford, Sennock, Tunbridge, Mailing, Wroteham, Maidston, Cran- 
 brokc, Lenham, Ashford, Wye, Applcdore, Rumncy, & Hyde, and hath 398 
 parish churches. Of the scituation of all the said market townes somwhat .shalbe 
 said hereafter, and first of Canterbury & Rocliester.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 7 
 
 ^Canterbury (called in tymes past Durobreuis, and Durouernum, but now in *[Ieaf ii,b.\ 
 Latin Cantuaria, & in Brittish Caircaint) was founded by Rudhudibras, about the 
 yeare of the world 3078. Having in longitude 21 degrees 25 minutes, & in 
 latitude 51 degrees 28 mi., and is scituate in a most pleasant place, distant 
 from Douer, 12 myles ; from Sandwich, 8 ; ffrom Feuersham, 6 ; & from Rochester, 
 20. Vppon tho. river of Stoure, which river coming from Ashford, passeth by The Kimr ./ 
 Wye, Chilham, & Chartham, and having passed this cittie, goeth to Fordish, Stoure. 
 West Bere, Stadmarsh, and Stourmouth, where, not farr of, it devydeth it selffe 
 into two parts, making (by this meanes) an Hand called Tenet. The lesser part 
 ronning north, falleth into the sea betwixt Receiver & Gore End. The bigger 
 part kepeth his course southest, aryveth at tJiQ fayre towne of Sandwich, & after 
 torning northest, two myles of, falleth into ///e sea at the Cliffs End, and is 
 called Sandwich Hauen. The cittie of Canterbury is a fayre & large citty, well 
 walled, in compass round, having on tliQ south syde tli^ Castell, and on the north 
 syde the goodly fayre Minster, or Cathedrall Church, called Christschurch, 
 wherein are dyvers tombes & monuments of dyvers great princes, as, namely, 
 King Henry thft 4, Edward P. of Wales, called the Black Prince, Thomas, Duke 
 of Clarence, also of dyvers archbishopps & others. 
 
 [leaf 15(7. contains the plan of Canterbuiy : see Plate XVIII.] 
 
 *RocJiester ys but a litle cittie, but very ancient, as may appeare by the walles '[leaf 15A] 
 thereof, which now in many places are gone to decay. Also the Castell, which 
 seemeth to be builded when the Tower of London was, and is lyke tliQ same 
 building. The cheiffest church is called St. Andrewes. There is a very ffayre 
 bridge of stone, ffounded by S/r Robt. Knolles, Knight, w/th a chapell at th& est 
 end therof, which bridge is builded vppon pyles, lyke as London bridge is, I 
 mcane in the selffe same maner. The river of Medway passeth vnder the said -pt p- . f 
 bridge, which river springeth in Surrey, not farr from Starborow Castell, and Medway. 
 passing by Edinbridgc, cometh to Penshcrst, where yt meeteth w/th another that 
 Cometh out of Sussex, and so keepe their course to Tunbridge, & from thence to 
 Yalding, where (meeting w/th another river) yt becometh. navigable, & passeth to 
 Maidston, from thence to Rochester, where it is of such depth that all the Quenes 
 Ma/«ties shipps do ryde there at a low water, all along the river, from Rochester 
 to Vpnor Castell, and 6 myles thence, one part of the river falleth into the 
 Thamise at Ouinborow Castell ; the other part, ronning estward towards Feuersham, 
 makcth the famous He of Shepcy, & the two litle ylandes called Elmsey & Harty, 
 and then falleth into the sea at the Lands-end ; and thus much touching ye cittie 
 of Rochester, whose picture hereafter enseweth. 
 
 [leaf i6«. contains the pl.in of Rochester : see Plate XIX.] 
 
 * Dover lyeth in a low valley vppon the sea syde, betwene two hilles, wherof 'I'^af i6/'.] 
 one (that on the north side) hath a marvelous great & ancient castell, wherein 
 are dyvers antiquities to be scene. The towne hath passing throwgh it, a small 
 brooke, which springeth 2 or 3 myles from thence. It is walled in some places, 
 & hath iij churches, the cheiffest wherof is called Saint Martins, and was of late 
 yeares a bishopprick. 
 
 Sandwich standeth w/thin two niylcs of the sea, nere the Cliffs end, vppon 
 the river of Stoure, that cometh from Canterbury, and is a ffyne towne walled 
 about, but inhabited most part w/th Netherlanders, where great store of bayes, 
 and is also one of tkc Cincqports, as well as Douer, but Douer is the cheiffest. 
 
 Feuersham standeth westwards from Canterbury 6 myles, and about ij myles 
 from the He of Harty (which is a part of the He of Shepey). It hath two 
 churches, wherof one of them hath the sepulcrc of King Stephen, & Mauld his 
 wyffe. 
 
 Midleton, comonly called Milton, is hard by Sittingborne, distant from 
 Feuersham 5 myles, & from Rochester 8. 
 
 *Graiiesend standeth vppon the Thamise, 5 mjdes from Rochester, & 6 from *neaf 17.]
 
 8 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 Dartford ; where there is every tyde, a comon passage by water to London, which 
 is 20 myles, the which a man may pass, for tlie. valcw of two pence, in the comon 
 barge, & in a tiltbote for v]d. 
 
 Dartford standcth w/thin two myles of the Thamise, vppo;/ the river of 
 Darent, which comcth from Otford, 12 miles from London, & 6 from Gravesend. 
 
 Scnnock or Sejieiioke standeth w/thin the mayne land, distant 5 litle myles 
 from Otford, S from Tunbridge, and 7 from Mailing. 
 
 Tunbridge standeth vppon the river of Medway, 5 myles from Yalding, & as 
 many from Sennock ; and hath a litle prety countrey of tliG. compass of 2 myles 
 belonging to it, called The Territory of Tunbridge. 
 
 Alalliiig is 3 myles westward from Maidston, & as many north from Yalding. 
 
 Wrotham is iij myles west froin Mailing. 
 
 JMaidstou standeth vppon ///e river of Medway, 6 myles from Rochester, 5 
 from Leneham, & 4 from Yalding. 
 ^[leari-A.] *Craiibroke standeth halff way betwixt Tunbridge & Rye; to say, 10 myles 
 
 from the one, & xj from t/iQ other. 
 
 Lcucliain standeth betwene Maidston & Wye, 6 myles from the one, & 7 
 ffrom the other. 
 
 Asliford standcth vppon the river of Stoure, yt passeth from thence to Wye, 
 & so to Canterbury ; distant from Wye 3 myles ; from Leneham 7, and as many 
 from Hyde. 
 
 Wye standeth vppon the said river of Stoure, 3 myles from Ashford, & 6 from 
 Canterbur\'. 
 
 Aplcdore standcth vppon the river of Rothcr, or Rotlar, 4 myles from Rye, 
 
 Kriiify'^'" "^ 5 fro'"" Romney. Which river springeth in Sussex, at Argose Hill, & ronncth 
 
 to Beuilham, Ethingham, Robartsbridge & Bcdiam Castell, where it dev}-deth Kent 
 
 6 Sussex, till it come to Mattam ferry, where it devydcth it selff into two 
 parts, making a round yland called Oxney, which belongeth to Kent. The bigger 
 part therof, having visited Apledore, torneth south, & meeteth w/th his fellow 
 agayne, and beffore the towne of Rye (receving in certayne waters that come from 
 Winchelsey), do discharge them selves into the sea, at th& Camber Castell. 
 
 •[le.ifiS.] *Roiuiiey standeth vppon the sea syde ; 6 myles from Rye, 5 from Aplcdore, 
 
 7 from Hyde, and is one of the port townes. 
 
 Hyde or Hiili standeth vppon the sea syde, distant from Romney 7 myles, 
 from Ashford 7, and from Dover 8, and is also one of the portes. 
 
 ' There remayneth yet iij things to be spoken of, beffore we depart out of 
 Kent, and those are these : — 
 
 The first is the great wood called Andreswald, but now. The Weld of Kent, 
 which was in old tyme noted to begyn in Kent, and did contayne in length, est 
 and west, 120 myles, & in breadth 30 ; so that it should appeare this wood did 
 reach to the furthest part of Hamshire. Thcrfore it must needs be, that all tho. 
 forrests & parks lying betwene these places, were part of the same wood, namely 
 those in Sussex & Hamshire (wherof more shalbe sayd hereafter), and did but 
 beginne in Kent. But besydcs this, there are many goodly fayre parkes in Kent, 
 as the Roiall manors & parks of Grenewich, Eltham, & Otford, besydes a nomber 
 of others, belonging to dyvers noble men, knights & gentlemen, 
 •[leaf 18^.] *The other thing to be noted, is that Kent only, now holdcth the old privelcges, 
 
 which beffore the Conquest was holden throwghout all England. For after the 
 great battaill, fought at Battcll in Sussex, (by William Conqueror, Duke of 
 Normandy), he rcpayred to the cittie of London, which was yelded to hym ; and 
 taking his jorncy from thence to ///e castell of Doner, the Kentishmen being 
 armed, mett \\\vn by the way, every man carrying a bowgh of a greene tree in 
 their handes, and cominge nere the Duke, sent embassadors to hym, to shew hym 
 that they were come to mecte hym as their leige lord, on condition that they 
 might enioy their anticnt liberties; otherwise they were redy to geve h\-m battaill.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 9 
 
 The Duke, pi-rccyving how he was entrapped, did graunt thcin the same, which 
 they enioy even at this day. 
 
 The third and last thing, is the sandcs lying in the sea, called at this day 
 Goodwin Sands, which in tymes past was mayne ground belonging to Goodwin, 
 Erie of Kent, and was drowned by breaking in of the sea, in the yeare of our 
 Lord 1097, and in the isth yeare of K. William Rufus. 
 
 * Caste I Is ill Kent. 
 
 Canterbury. 
 
 Rochester. 
 
 Douer. 
 
 Lecdes. 
 
 Tunbridse. 
 
 Milton. 
 Grauesend, 2. 
 Ouinborow. 
 Cooling. 
 Sandowne. 
 
 Deele. 
 Saltwood. 
 
 Walmer. 
 
 Allington. 
 
 Shoram. 
 
 Ainsford. 
 Tong. 
 Layborn. 
 Vpnor 
 
 *[leaf 19. 
 
 Manor Phues belonging to the King. 
 
 Greenewich. Otford. 
 
 Eltham. Knoll. 
 
 Dartford. St. Augustins. 
 
 [leaf 191^. contains the Coat of Arms of Thomas Radcliff, Earl of Sussex : see Plate XXII.] 
 
 Douer Castell. 
 Dele Castell. 
 
 Length £-> 
 Breadth. 
 
 ■ Market 
 Tmi'ues, 
 
 Parish 
 Chitrehe. 
 
 SUSSEX. 
 
 * Svssex \.2iS\.t.'&i name of the Southsaxons, which was in t)-mes past a kingdome, *[leaf2o.] 
 conta\-ning Sussex & Surrey, and had for their cheifif cittie Ncomagum, now called 
 Gillford. But because it is at this day dev}'ded into two shj-res or countries, 
 therfore every countrie shalbe spoken of apart. This countrie of Sussex con- 
 ta}'neth in length, est & west, 60 myles ; in breadth, but 16 or 18 at the most ■ 
 broadest. It hath on the .south syde the English Sea, on the west Hamshire, 
 on the north Surrey, & on the northest Kent. Having Chichester at this day for . 
 the chciff cittie, although some do accompt Lewis for the shyre towne. Besydes 
 which cittie, it hath 18 market townes, namely, Rye, Winchelsey, Hasting, 
 Brighthclmston, Pemsey, Shoram, Staning, Bramber, Brodwatcr, Terring, Arundell, 
 Midhcrst, Petworth, Horsham, Est Grinsted, Lewiss, Dichning, & Hailsham. And 
 hath 312 parish churches. 
 
 *Chie/iester, called in Brittish Caercerj', & (as it appeareth by some writers) *[leaf 20/'.] 
 named Ceasers Chester by Julius Ceaser, who builded or repayred the same. It 
 standcth in longitude, 19 degrees 22 minutes; & in latitude, 51 degrees 2 mi. 
 Distant frow Arundell 8 m\'les ; from Midhcrst 7 ; from Hauant, in Hamshire, 6 ; 
 & from Portsmouth 10 : in the very southwest corner of Sussex, & vppon a small 
 river or brooke called Dell, which springeth 4 myles from thence, & having passed 
 this cittie, about 3 myles beneath, falleth into the sea, making 2 Ilandes, called 
 Thorncy, & Hailing, which last (being the greater) belongeth to Hamshire, and 
 lyeth befifore Hauant, reaching w/thin 3 myles of Portsmouth. The cittie it selff 
 is not very great, but yet walled about & indiffrent strong, having dyvers ffayre 
 streets & lanes ; but the chciffcst ornament thcrof is the Cathcdrall Church. 
 
 Rye is a proper litle walled towne, standing vppow the mouth of the river 
 Rothcr' (alredy described in Apuldor), distant from the said Apeldor 4 m}-les ; 
 from Winchelsey 2 ; and from Hasting 8 ; and is also one of the portes of the 
 realme, and the cheiffest for passage betwixt England & France. 
 
 *]Vinehe/sejr is also one of the port townes, & standeth w/thin a mylc of*['eaf2i.] 
 the sea, distant from Rye 2 myles, & from Hasting 6 ; and standeth after a strange 
 mancr in a low marish ground, and yet the towne it selff ys very high, having a 
 
 ' 'Rotler' in the MS.
 
 lO WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 street going to tho. gate beginning low, & so gocth wynding, higher & higher, 
 till it come to tli& towne gates. 
 
 Hasting standeth vppon the sea syde, being also one of the portes of the realme, 
 and is well walled about, distant frow \Vinchelsc\^ 6 m\-lcs, from Pcmsey 8, 
 and from Battell 5. 
 
 Pemscy standeth w/thin two myles the sea, vppon 2 small brookcs which meet 
 there ; and having passed the towne a mj'le of, do meet with, another river, & 
 so fall into the sea, being there called Pemsey Haiien. 
 
 Briglithclinstoii (comonly called Brighthemston) standeth vppo« the sea sj'de ; 
 distant from Shoram 4 myles, and from Lewiss almost 6. 
 
 Neiv Shoram standeth vppon the mouth of a small river which cometh from 
 Bramber ; distant from Old Shoram one myle, from Bramber 3, ffrom Brod- 
 water 3^, from Terring 4, and from Brighthemston 4. 
 
 Stalling standeth w/thin a m}'le of Bramber, 4 m\-les from New Shoram, & 
 3 from Brodwater. 
 *llcaf2i/'.] *Branibc)' standeth betwene Staning & Shoram, a myle from the one, & 3 
 
 from the other, vppon tlie same river that ronneth to Shoram. 
 
 Brodzvater standeth a myle from the sea, but it hath no water coming to it ; 
 distant from 33^ myles from Shoram, & vij from Arundell. 
 
 Terring standeth lyke Brodwater, a myle from thence, & a myle from the 
 sea, having also no water coming to it, & is 6 myles from Arundell. 
 
 Arundell is a proper towne, w/th a castell, which geveth name to ///e ancient 
 howse of the Erics of Arundell, and standeth vppon the river Arun ; distant from 
 the mcane sea 3 myles, from Brodwater 7, from Terring 6, from Staning 9, 
 from Petworth 8, & from Chichester 8. 
 
 Midlierst standeth vppon a branch of tlie said river of Arun, which springeth 
 not farr from Petersfeld, in Hamshire ; distant 8 myles from Chichester north, 
 7 est from Petersfeld, & 5 west from Petworth. 
 
 Petwortli standeth 5 m)-les est from Midhcrst, 8 from Arundell, & 12 from 
 Horsham, 
 •[leaf 22.] *Horshani standeth on the north s}-de of Sussex, w/thin 3 myles of Surrey, 
 
 distant from Rigate, in Surrey, 9 myles, & from Est Grinsted 9, vppon a litle 
 brooke which springeth in St. Leonards Forrest therby, and meeting w/th the 
 Arun, which cometh from Midherst, passeth to Arundell, & so into the sea, 
 being there called Arundell Hauen. 
 
 Est Grenested (so called for diffrence of West Grensted), standeth also w/th/« ^ 
 a mylcs of Surrey, & w/th/«* 4 of Kent, but hath no water coming to it ; and 
 is distant 9 myles from Horsham, & as many from Rigate, in Surrey ; ftbr these 
 3 townes, Rigate, Horsham, & Est Grinsted, do stand in triangle 9 myles one 
 from the other. 
 
 Dichning standeth lower towards tite Downes, 5 myles from Lewiss, & aS 
 many from ]5righthemston, for these 3 townes stand also in triangle. It hath no 
 water coming to it. 
 
 Le-cviss (next to Chichester) is the cheiffest towne in Sussex, and tlie place 
 where the Sessions & Assises are kept, so that some do accompt it the 
 This River^ ^ shyre towne, and standeth w/thin 5 myles of the meane sea, vppon a river, 
 which springeth not farr fro;« Horsham, & kepeth his course estwards, southest, 
 & lastly south, & (having xeceii.'eA in dyvers other rivers) passeth this towne, 
 and 5 mj'les thence falleth into the sea, making a Hauen, called New Hauen. 
 »[leaf 22i.] *Hailshant is a dry towne, lying 3 myles north from Pemsey, and 9 est from Lewiss. 
 
 There l)^eth on the north syde of Sussex 4 great fforrests palled about, & 
 vv/thin 2 mylcs one of tlie other, contayning in length, est & west, nere 20 myles 
 (accompting the ground betwene them which is 6 myles), whereof a word or two, 
 and so an end of Sussex. 
 
 1 " w/lh " in tliu MS. 
 
 some call Tcis
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. II 
 
 The first forrest lying toward tho. est, is Waterdown Forrest, w/^/Vh is 5 myles 
 long, north & south ; the north end of yt parteth Kent from Sussex, and is 3 
 myles brode, wherein standeth my L. of Aberguenies place, named Eredge. 
 
 The second is Ashdowne Forrest, which is square, 4 myles eutvy way. In 
 the northest corner wherof is Buckherst, the manor place belonging to tlio. L. 
 Buckherst. 
 
 The third is Word Forrest, which is 4 m}ies long & 3 brode, i]^ myle 
 distant from Est Grinstcd. 
 
 The fourth & last is St. Leonards Forrest, not farr from Horsham, which is 
 in length, north & south, 7 myles, & in breadth 3. 
 
 As Sussex and Surrey was in tymes past one countrey, so did the Erles 
 threof vse both names in their stile ; but since they have byn seperated, the 
 Erles of Surrey have reta}-ned the ancient armes therof, as appeareth on the 
 other syde. 
 
 [leaf 23«. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Suney : see Plate VI.] 
 
 SURREY. 
 
 *Svrivy, the other part of t/ie South-Saxon kingdome, did first take name (as 'Peaf 23((.] 
 we may well coniecture) of Suthric, which in the Sa.xon speech is as much to 
 say as South kingdome ; for so likewise Kent was by them called Caintric. 
 This countrey of Surrey contayneth in length, est & west, 26 myles, & in breadth Leng/h and 
 20, being almost 4 square. On the north syde it is devided from Midlesex & Breadth. 
 a corner of Buckinghamshire by the river of Thamise, having Barkshire on tho. west, 
 Hamshire on the southwest, Sussex on the south, & Kent on the est. The 
 cheiffest towne in Surrey I accompt Southwark, although the Sessions and Shyre 
 dales are comonly kept at Gilford. Besj-des Southwark, it hath 6 market townes, Market 
 to say, Guilford, Farnham, Godalming, Kingston, Rigate, & Croidon ; of which Townes. 
 townes, Southwark, Gilford, & Rigate, have Burgeses in the Parlement Howse, and 
 2 borowes more, to say, Blechingligh and Gatton, but these 2 are no market 
 townes, except they have b}-n made of late. Surrey hath in it the two Roiall -^'"'"''' 
 manors of Richmond & Oteland, and hath 140 parish churches. Churches. 
 
 *SoHtlm'ark, although it be part of London, and one of the 26 wardes therof, *[leaf 24.] 
 yet it standeth in Surrey, having in it the prison called The \Vh)-te Lion, which 
 prison serveth for the county of Surrey. All this borow of Southwark was 
 purchased by the Cittie of London, in the tyme of K. Edward the vj, so that 
 it is all now wz'thin the Liberties of London, and hath in it 5 great parish churches, 
 to say, St. Mary Overs, St. Olaffs, St. Thomas, St. George, & St. Sauiors. 
 
 Guilford was in tyme past, the cheiffest towne both of Sussex & Surrey, 
 and was called, as some do think, by the Remains, Neomagus, or Neomagum. 
 The castcll being marvelous old, and the 3 churches in the towne, declare it 
 to be of great antiquity. This towne standeth distant from Farnham 7 myles, 
 from Rigate 12, & 25 from London; vppon a river which some call Wey, which The Kkcr of 
 springeth at Aulton, in Hamshire, & kepeth his course estwards to Farnham, '^''^'' 
 Godalming, and then torning northwards, cometh to this towne, & 10 myles from 
 thence falleth into the Thamise, ncre vnto Oteland. 
 
 *Fanihaiii standeth on the west end of Surre}-, w/thin a m}-le of Hamshire, *[leaf 24/-.] 
 vppon the river of Wey, as beffore is said ; distant from Aulton, in Hamshire, 
 6 myles, & from Gilford 7. 
 
 Godallming standeth vppon the said river of We\-, 3 myles from Gilford, 
 & 4 from Farnham. 
 
 Kingston standeth vppon the Thamise, 10 mj-Ies from London, 6 from 
 Croidon, from Oteland 5 miles, & from Rechmond 3, xxv from Gilford, & 
 one from Hampton Court, in Midlesex. In this towne (beffore the Conquest) 
 were the Kings of England crowned, vppon high skaffolds, that they might be 
 scene of the people.
 
 12 WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 Rigatc is distant from Croidon 7 myles, from Horsham & Est Grinsted, 
 in Sussex, 9 m)-les. It hath no water coming to it. 
 
 Croidoii standeth halff way betwixt London & Rigate, 7 myles from ech. 
 
 There passeth from it a small brook, which falleth into the Thamise at Wansworth, 
 
 »[leaf25.] 5 myles west from London. *Foure myles from Croidon, & iij litle on's from 
 
 Kingston, is the princely howse of Nonsuch, which belongeth to the Erie of Arundell. 
 
 There passeth throwgh the middest of Surrey a river (which some call Moule), 
 that springeth in Word Forrest, in Sussex, and cometh w/thin two myles of 
 Rigate, where it passeth vnder the ground almost 3 myles, and afterwards cometh 
 forth aga)'ne, & kepeth his course to Stoke & Coueham, and 4 myles thence 
 falleth into the Thamise, nere Hampton Court. 
 
 [leaf 25(5. contains Coats of Arms of the Earls of Southampton : see Plate VII.] 
 
 H A M S H I R E . 
 
 •[leaf 26.] *HaiiisIiirc takcth name of the shyre towne of Hampton, comonly called 
 
 Southawpton, ffor diffrcnce of Northampton. This countrey contayneth in length 
 from Portsmouth, in the south, to Statfeldsay in ilie north, 34 myles ; and in 
 breadth 20, and in some places 25 myles; having Dorcetshire on tli& southwest, 
 Wiltshire on the west, Barkshire on tlie north, Surrey & Sussex on the est, and 
 the He of Wight on the south, which iland belongeth vnto this shyre, as also 
 dyvers others, as Jersey, Garnsey, & others, wliidi lye vppon tlia coast of France, 
 as hereafter shalbe declared. In which countrie (besydes the cittie of Winchester), 
 there is 18 market towncs, namely, Southampton, Portsmouth, Faram, Suthwik, 
 Hauant, Bishoppswaltham, Pctersfeld, Alrcsford, Aulton, Odiam, Basingstoke, 
 Kingsclere, Andouer, Stockbridge, Rumsey, Ringvvood, Lemington, and Christs- 
 church ; and hath of other townes & villages to tJiQ nomber of 248, wJiich market 
 townes shalbe spoken of in order, after I have done with Winchester, wliich 
 cittie, as it is very antient, and a Bishopjos .seat, so doth the said Bishopprick 
 in revenews pass all other bishoppricks in England. 
 
 [leaf 26;^. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Winchester : see Plate VIII. ] 
 "[leaf 27.1 '[View of Winchester at the top : see Plate XX.] 
 
 Winchester, called by the Brittains Caerwint, by the Romains Venta, (in whose 
 tyme it was cheiff cittie of the Simencj, which now are the people of Hamshire,) 
 is now called in Latin, Wintonia & Vinton, and was founded (as some hold 
 opinion) by Rud Hudibras, King of Brittains, who builded Canterbury also. It 
 standeth almost in the middest of Hamshire, vjopon a small river, which some call 
 Itchin, that ronneth from thence to Southampton, and is distant from Southampton 
 10 myles, from Rumsey 7, and frow Stockbridge 6. It is an ancient cittie, 
 fayre, large & well walled, and was in tymes past cheiff cittie of the West Saxon 
 kingdome, as also beffore that the place where King Arthur did comonly kepe 
 his Court, as in the Castell, which is very ancient, there hangeth the Round Table, 
 which I have scene, & is kept there for an ancient monument ; also in the 
 Cathedrall Church of the cittie are dyvers monuments of kings that were beffore 
 the Conquest, and of Cardinall Hcni)- Bcauford, w/th dj'vers other Bishopps of 
 the same cittie. 
 
 *[lcaf 2lli.] *[Arms of Southampton at the top : see Plate I.] 
 
 Southampton, called in Brittish, Tris Antonis, is the towne which geveth 
 name to the whole shyre, as afforsaid, and standeth vppon a gulf of the sea, 
 which is 6 myles long & 2 brodc, reaching from Calsliot Castell vpp to 
 Southami)ton, from which Castell is 4 myles to the He of Wiglit. Some wryte 
 that it tooke name of one Hamon, that Aruiragus, K. of Brittains, did there
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 13 
 
 throw into th<t sea ; and is distant from Portsmouth xj mylcs, from Winchester 
 lO, & from Rumsey 5. It is an ancient towne, walled, and well traded w/th 
 marchandize, & hath (as I heare say) 7 parish churches. 
 
 * Portsmouth standeth on tli& sea syde, in tlic Hand called Portsey ; distant *[leaf 28.] 
 from Faram, Suthwik & Hauant, lyke distance of 5 myles, and is but a litle 
 towne diched about, w/th 2 ffayre castells, which are the strength therof It tooke 
 name of a Saxon named Port, who landed there w/th his 2 sonnes, about tite 
 yeare of our Lord 471. W/thin the gulf or haven of Portsmouth, 3 myles thence, 
 at the foote of the Downes called Portsdowne, standeth the ancient towne & 
 castell of Portchestcr, called by the Brittains Caerperis, which now is gone to decay. 
 
 Farain standeth vppon a small river which cometh from Suthwik, & ffalleth 
 into the gulff at Portchester, & is 2 myles from Portchester, & 2 from Suthwik. 
 
 Siithiuick standeth vppon the said brooke, 2 myles from Faram, on the other 
 syde of the Downes. 
 
 Hauant standeth vppon a gulf of the sea, having an iland called Haling on 
 the south, a mile distance, & is 6 m}'les west from Chichester, & 4 ffrom Portsmouth. 
 
 Bislioppsivaltliaui standeth in the forrest syde, called Waltham Forrest, 6 myles 
 from Faram & Suthwik, 7 from Winchester, & from Southampton 8. 
 
 *Petersfeld lyeth on the est syde of Hamshire, w/thin a myle or a litle more "[leaf 28/'.! 
 of Sussex, 9 myles north frow Hauant, & as many south from Aulton, not 
 farr from a small riuer called Arun, which ronneth to Arundell, in Sussex. 
 
 Alresford standeth bctwene Winchester & Aulton, 6 myles from the one, & 8 
 from the other. 
 
 Aulton standeth vppon the head of tlie river Wey, yt passeth from thence 
 to Farnham, & so to Gilford, distant from Farnham 6 myles, & from Odiam 5. 
 
 Odiajii is 5 myles from Aulton, & as many ffrom Basingstoke. 
 
 Basingstoke is 4^^ m}-les from Odiam, & 7 ffro;« Kingsclere, & w/thin a myle of 
 the princely place called Basinghowse, which belongcth to the Marques of Winchester. 
 
 Kingsclere lyeth on tlic north end of Hamshire, 5 mylcs from Newberj-, in 
 Barkshire, & from Andouer 10. 
 
 Andouer standeth on the west syde of Hamshire, vppon a litle broke, which 
 ronneth from thence to Stockbridge, 5 m}-les from Lurgishall, in Wiltshire. 
 
 Stockbridge standeth vppon the river of Stoke, yt springeth w/thin 2 myles 
 of Basingstoke, at Church Stokeley, & ronneth westwards to Overton & Whit- 
 church, where *it torneth southwest to Stockbridge, & afterwards south to Rumsey, *[ieaf 29] 
 
 6 falleth into the gulf at Southawptow ; this towne is distant from Salesbury xj 
 myles, & from Winchester 6. 
 
 RuDiscy standeth vppon the said river, distant from Winchester & Stockbridge 
 
 7 myles, & frow Southampton 6. 
 
 Ringwood standeth w/thin 2 myles of Dorcetshire, on the west syde of the 
 New Forrest, in Hamshire, & vpon the est syde of the river of Auon which 
 cometh frow Salesbury, distant from Christschurch 6 myles, & from Cranborne, 
 in Dorcetshire, 5 mj^Ies. 
 
 Christschurch standeth vppon the river of Stoure, which cometh ' out of 
 Dorcetshire, and at this, towne meeteth w/th the river of Auon, & so 2 myles 
 hence do fall into the sea, maketh a hauen called Christschurch Hauen. This 
 towne is 9 myles from Lemington, & 6 from Ringwood. 
 
 Lemington standeth on the sea syde, halff way betwixt Christschurch & 
 Southampton, 9 litle myles from the one, & 9 great from the other, vppow the 
 mouth of a small river that cometh out of the New Forrest & here falleth into 
 the sea. 
 
 * For rests in Hamshire. *[leaf 29/-.] 
 
 I. The New Forrest (lying on the southwest corner of Hamshire) doth 
 
 ' The words "cometh out" are repeated in the MS.
 
 14 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 contayne in length 12 m\-lcs, & in breadth 8 myles. John Harding wryteth that 
 K. \\i//iam Rufus (to make the same forrest) did overthrow 4 abbaies & 17 
 parrish churches, besydes wliich forrest there are dyvers others in Hamshire, whose 
 names do follow. 
 
 2. Buckholt Forrest lyeth vppon Wiltshire, nere vnto Stockbridge. 
 
 3. Westbere Forrest is hard by Winchester. 
 
 4. Estbere Forrest Ij'eth b\' Suthwik. 
 
 5. Waltham Forrest by Bishoppswaltham, being parted by a river from 
 Estbere Forrest. 
 
 6. Wulmer Forrest, betwene Petcrsfeld & Farnham. 
 
 7. Alesholt Forrest, betwene Aulton & Farnham. 
 
 8. Pamber Forrest lyeth on tlic north end of Hamshire, nere Barkshire, not 
 farr from Kingsclere. 
 
 9. Chutehamshire Forrest lyeth most part in Hamshire, the rest in Wiltshire, 
 and is hard by Andouer, taking name of Chute, in Wiltshire. 
 
 BARKSHIRE. 
 
 •| leaf 30.] *Ann°. Dili. 871. In the daics of King Etheldred we read of one Ethel wold, 
 
 Duke of Bareoke (now called Barkshire), who was slayne by the Danes. Since 
 which tyme I know not of any Duke or Erie that hath borne name of the said 
 countrc}'. 
 
 •[Icafjo/'.J *Ncxt to Hamshire, on the north, are those people which were called by 
 
 the Remains Atrabates, now Barkshiremen, which countrey (as Fabian & others 
 do wryte) did first take name of a bare oke standing in the forrest of Windsor, 
 vnder \which the men of the shyre did meete together,' wherby it was then called 
 Bareokeshire, and now short Barkshire. To which opinion I rather yeld (seing 
 the. name of Bareoke is found in ancient wryters), then to those that thinck it 
 to be called Bergshire, that is to say, the hilly shjn'c, because berg in Saxon is 
 a hill ; and I know no cause why it should not take name of the towne of 
 Barkam, not farr from Okingham. This countrey is in length, est & west, 40 
 myles ; in breadth, in some places, 22 myles, in other some 16, 12, & in one 
 place but 4 myles, which is about Reading, and is fashioned much lyke the sole 
 of a mans left foote. It is seperated on the north syde from Oxfordshire & 
 Buckinghamshire by the river of Thamise, which (because it ronneth so crooked) 
 maketh the shyre to be so narrow in some places, & broad in other some. It hath 
 on the est end Surrey, on the south syde Hamshire, & on the west end Wiltshire. 
 Wherein are xij market townes, & 1 39 parish churches. 
 
 •[leaf 31.] *Rcdiitg; called by the Remains Pentium (as most men hold opinion), standeth 
 
 where the river of Kenet falleth into the Thamise ; distant from Henley 5 myles, 
 & 12 myles from Windsor, which river of Kennet springeth in Wiltshire, & passeth 
 from Marlborow to Ramsbury, Hungerford, Newbery, & so to Reding. Reding 
 Abbay was founded by K. H. I., who was there buried. 
 
 Wallin^ford was in t\'mes past cheiffc cittie of all this countrey, anciently 
 named Caleua, and standeth vppon the Thamise, 6 myles from Abington & 9 
 from Oxford. There is yet (as I heare say) iij churches in the towne, which is 
 gene much to decay, especially the Castell, which was builded by Ranulf, Erie 
 of Chester, who was Baron therof 
 
 Abington standeth where the small ri\cr of Ock falleth into the Thamise, 4 
 litle myles from Oxford. 
 
 Faringdon standeth w/tliin 2 m)-lcs of the Isc, or Thamise ; 4 myles from 
 Lechlade, in Glocestershire, & as many frow Heiworth, in Wiltshire. 
 
 Wantage standeth in the Vale of Whytehorse, 6 myles from Abington, & as 
 many from Lamborne ; vppon a small river, which iij myles of, ffalleth into the 
 Ock, and so ronneth to Abington. 
 
 ' "gogetlier " in the MS.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 15 
 
 *Laniborne standeth on the west end of Barkshire, distant from Ramsbury, *['^-'»'" ji'^-] 
 in Wiltshire, 5 mylcs, & 6 frow Hungerford. 
 
 Hungerford standeth vppon tliQ river of Kennet, in tliQ west end of Barkshire, 
 6 iTi)-lcs from Lambornc, & 7 from Newbery. 
 
 Est Ihlcy standeth in //^e middest of Barkshire, 7 mylcs south from Wallingford, 
 & as many north from Newbery ; a myle from West Ilsley. 
 
 Newbery standeth vppon the river of Kennet, 15 myles from Reding, and is 
 a great & fayre towne, having water ronwing throwgh the streets therof, Ij-ke as 
 at Salesbury. 
 
 Okingliaiii is 5 mj-les from Reding & 8 from Windsor. The church of this 
 towne standeth in Wiltshire, & yet Wiltshire is not nye it by 24 mylcs (except 
 2 litle peeces therof, wJiizli ly by Statfcldsc)-, 4 mj-les from this towne.) 
 
 Maidenhead standeth vppon the Thamise, 10 myles from Reding & 5 from 
 Windsor. 
 
 Windsor standeth vppon the Thamise, on the est end of Barkshire, 20 myles 
 from London, and is the only bewty of Barkshire, as also one of the most renowmed 
 & famous places of England, by reason of the Castell, whose lyke is hardly to be 
 found in any other countre)\ In the church of the said Castell is the sepulture 
 of certaine kings, and is the place where the honorable order of St. George (intituled 
 the Garter) was first established & yearly holden. 
 
 [leaf 32«. contains Coats of Arms of the Earls of ^Yiltslure : see Plate IX.] 
 
 WILTSHIRE. 
 
 * Wiltshire taketh name of Wilton, which, in old tyme was the head towne [leaf 32/'.] 
 of the shyre, having in it 12 parish churches. But now Salesbury {which is 2 
 myles thence) hath taken away the glory therof Others affirme that it taketh name 
 of the River Willug, because in some old copies it is written Willugshire, & now short 
 Wiltshire. The people of this countrey were called by the Remains Seuriani of 
 their cheiff cittie Seuerus, now Salesburj-. This countrey of Wiltshire contayneth in 
 length, north and south, 40 myles, & in breadth about 26. Having Somersetshire on 
 the west, Glocestershire on the north, Barkshire & Hamshireon the est, & Dorcetshire 
 on the south. In which countrey (besj-des the cittie of Salesbur}-) there are 15 other 
 townes, which have voices in the Parliament, namely, Crekelade, Marlborow, Lurgishall, 
 Duncton, Hindon, Westburj-, Malmsbury, Wotton Basset, Old Salesbury, Wilton, 
 Hetesbury, Deuyses, Chippenham, Calne, & Great Bedwin. To these may be added 
 9 more, which are also market townes, as Castlecomb, Trubridge, Mere, Bradford, 
 Est Lauington, Warmister, Amsbur\', Ramsbury, & Hiworth ; and hath in it about 
 276 parish churches. 
 
 [leaf 33a. contains Coats of Arms of the Eavis of Salisbury : see Plate X,] *[leaf j},/'.'] 
 
 *[Plan of Salisbury, 15SS, at the top : see Plate XXL] 
 
 Salesbury or Sarisbiiry, called in Latin, Sarum, and in British, Caer Seuerus, 
 & Caer Caredoc, standeth in the southest corner of W'iltshire, vppon the river of 
 Auon, distant from Amesbury 6 myles, from Duncton 4 myles, & w/thin 6 m}4es 
 of Hamshire. It is a ffayre & large citty, having fresh water ronning throwgh 
 every strecte. In the Cathedrall Church of o«r Lady are dyvn's sepultures of the 
 Erles of Salesbury, & of Bishopps of that Sea. The said river of Auon springeth 
 in Sauernak Forrest, & passeth southwards by Wotton, Milton, Pewsey, Maningford, 
 Newenton, Vphaven, Cheselbur}', Nether Hauen, Milstow, Dirringtow, Amesbury, 
 Great Dernford, Litle Dernford, Old Salesbury, & so to this New Salesbury, where 
 it taketh in the Willug on the west (which cometh from W'ilton), & another on 
 the est, and so passeth to Duncton, & from thence entring into Hamshire cometh
 
 l6 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 to Ringwood, Auon & Sopley, & at' Christ Church meeteth w/th tliQ Stoure, that 
 Cometh out of Dorcetshire, & so falleth into th& sea. 
 •[leaf 34.] *Old Salcsbury is 2 myles north from New Salesbury. 
 
 Wilton is 2 m}-les west frow Salesbur)', by whose ruines a man may yet well 
 p^Tceave what it hath byn in tymes past. Hard by the towne is a stately house 
 or pallace belonging to the Erie of Penbroke. 
 
 Diinton standeth vppon tlie Auon, 4 myles beneath Salcsbury, & w/thin 2 
 myles of Hamshire. 
 
 Mere standeth in tlia southwest corner of Wiltshire, w/thin a myle of Dorcet- 
 shire, 5 myles west from Hindon. 
 
 Hiiidon is about 14 myles west from Salesbury, & 6 northcst from Shaftesbury, 
 in Dorcetshire. 
 
 Waniiistt-r standeth 7 myles north northest from Mere, vppo« one of the 
 heads of the River Willug, 5 myles from Frome, in Somersetshire. 
 A>«jr wthout IVestbuiy is 3 myles north from Warmister, and w/thin 3 myles of Somer- 
 
 "rwavfte"^ setshire. It is comonly called Westbury vndcr the P/ayue, because it is hard by 
 the Playne of Salesbury. 
 
 Est Lauiiigton lyeth also vnder the Playne of Salesbury, about 7 or 8 myles 
 estward of Westbury, & fyve from the Deuiscs. 
 
 The Deiiyses is a market towne w/th a Castell, sta/zding in the middest of 
 Wiltshire, distant north ffrom Est Lauington 5 mj'les, and south from Calne 6 myles. 
 *[leaf34*.] *Tnibridge is 4 myles northward from Westbury, & 2 southest from Bradford. 
 
 Bradford standeth vppon the riuer of Auon, w/thin litle more then a myle 
 of Somersetshire, distant fro;;/ Bath 5 m)-les, & from Phillipps Norton 4. 
 
 Castlecomb standeth on tJie west s)-dc of Wiltshire w/thin 2 myles of Gloccster- 
 shire, 4 myles from Chippenham, & as many from Marsfeld, in Glocestershire. 
 
 Cliippciiliam or Chipiiaiit standeth vppon the river of Auon, aforenamed, 4 
 myles from Castlecomb, & in London way. 
 
 Calne is 4 myles est from Chippenhan, & in Londow way also, from Bristow. 
 
 JMalinesbury standeth on the head of the said river of Auon, in tlie northwest 
 corner of Wiltshire, w/thin 2 myles of Glocestershire, 7 myles from Castlecomb, 
 & 7 from Wotton Basset. K. Athelston ^\'as here buried An°. 940. 
 
 Wotton-Bassct standeth betwene Malmsbury & Marlborow, 7 myles from the 
 one, & 8 from the other. 
 
 Crekelade standeth on the head of the Thamise, on the north end of Wiltshire, 
 5 myles from Wotton Basset, & as many from Hiworth. 
 
 Hiii'orth standeth on a hill, on the northest corner of Wiltshire, w/thin litle 
 more then a myle of Barkshire. 
 '[■e-ifss-] * Marlborow, a ffayre market towne (w/th the oldest castell that ever I sawe), 
 
 standeth vppon the small river of Ken net, 4 myles from Ramsbury, & 5 from Bedwin. 
 
 Rajiisbury standeth on tlie said river, 4 myles ffrom Hungerford, in Barkshire, 
 but whether it be a market towne or no, I know not. 
 
 Gret Bedii'in is 4 myles south from Hungerford, & 6 from Lurgishall. 
 
 Lnrgisliall standeth on the est syde of Wiltshire, by Chute Forrest, w/thin a 
 myle of Hamshire. 
 
 Antbrosbiiry or Auibcrsbury (como;/ly called Ainesbiiry) standeth vppon the 
 river of Auon, 6 myles north from Salcsbury. 
 
 For rests in Wiltshire. 
 
 Bradon Forrest, by Wotton Basset. 
 Aldborne Chase, by Ramsbury. 
 Pewsham Forrest, by Chippenham. 
 Blackmore Forrest, by Pewsham Forrest. 
 Sauernak P'orrest, by Marlborow. 
 
 ' In the MS. "not farr from" is scratched through, and "at" inserted.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 1 7 
 
 Chute Forrest, the halff whcrof l}-cth in Hamshire, as bcffore in Hamshire 
 hath b}-n declared. 
 
 *T\vo myles west from Ambrose-bury, vppon Salesbury Playne, is the Stonhedge, *[leaf 35.^.] 
 one of the 7 wonders of England ; sett vpp by Aureliu.s AmJarose, K. of Brittains, 
 about tli^ }'care of our Lord 470, as in ///e beginning of this booke hath b\'n 
 declared, the Picture of which I have here placed. 
 
 [The remainder of the page is occupied with a view of Stonehenge : see Plate XXII.] 
 
 *[Coats of Arms of Marquises of Dorset at the top : see Plate XI.] *[leaf 36.] 
 
 DOR GETS HIRE. 
 
 Dorcetsltirc lyeth on the sea .sj-de, reaching from Hamshire to Deuonshire, 
 which is in length, est & west, 40 mj-les ; the breadth, from Gillinghrtm Forrest in 
 tlie north, to tho. sea, is about 24 myles ; but this is in tlic middcst, for at ech 
 end it is much narrower, because it is in proportion losengewise. On th<t north 
 syde it jo}-ncth vppon Somersetshire & Wiltshire. In which countrey there is 
 21 market townes, namely, Dorchester, Frampton, Burport, L}me, Bemister, 
 Eversholt, Cerne, Sherborn, Shaftesbury, Sturmistcr, Blandford, Wimborne, Cran- 
 borne, Wirtwood, Poole, Corf, Wareham, Midleton, Bere, Waymouth, & Birton ; 
 and hath about 279 parish churches. 
 
 * Dorchester is the townc which gevcth name to all the whole countrey, and *[ieaf 36/^] 
 standcth on the. south syde of the shyre, vppon tli& river of Frame or Frome, 
 distant 4 myles from the sea, which river, not farr from Wareham, falleth into 
 
 tliQ. gulf at Poole. 
 
 Frampton standcth vppon the. same river of Frame, 3 m}-les westward from 
 Dorchester. 
 
 Biir/iort is 8 m}'les westward frorn Frampton, & w/thin litle more then a 
 myle of the sea. 
 
 Lyme is a ffyne towne standing on the. sea syde, w/thin a myle of Deuonshire, 
 6 myles west from Burport. 
 
 * Bemister is 4 myles directly north from Burport, vppo« a small river w/z/c// *[ieaf 37] 
 some call Bier, that ronncth frow thence to Burport, & not farr from thence 
 falleth into the sea. 
 
 Eiiersholt is 5 mj-Ies northcst from Bemister, & 7 from Sherborne. 
 
 Cerne is 4 myles northward from Dorchester, & iij from Frampton, where in 
 tymes past hath by an Abbay. 
 
 Sherborne standeth on the northwest syde of the sh)-re, w/thin a mj-le of 
 Somersetshire, in the way from tJie west countrey to London, distant from Evill, 
 in Somersetshire, 4 myles, from Sturmister 6, and from Shaftesbury 10. King 
 Ethelbert is buried at Sherborne, who died in An°. 867. 
 
 Shaftesbury standeth on a hyll on the northest corner of tlic shyre, w/thin 
 a myle of Wiltshire, & in tlie way also from Excester to London. This towne 
 was in t}'mes past a Bishopprick, from whence it was translated to Salesbury. 
 
 Sturmister standeth on the river of Stoure which springeth in Wiltshire, at 
 Sturton (a manor place belonging to the L. Sturton), and entring into Dorcet- 
 shire, passeth by Gillingham, throwgh Gillingham Forrest, receving divers rivers 
 by the wa)', cometh to Sturmister, & from thence to Blandford, Wimborne, & 
 lastly to Christschurch, in Hamshire, where it meeteth w/th the Auon, which 
 cometh from Salesbury, & not farr of falleth into the sea. This towne is 6 myles 
 from Sherborne, & 5 from Shaftesbur}-. 
 
 * B /a nd/ord standeth on the said river of Stoure, 5 m}-Ies southest from Sturmister. "[leafs;?.] 
 Wimborne standeth on the said river, 6 myles southest from Blandford, and 
 
 3 north from Poole. It is comowly called Wimborne Minster, where dyvers princes 
 & noblemen are buried, as K. Etheldred, An°. 872 ; John Beauford, Duke of 
 Somerset & Marques Dorcct, w/th others. 
 
 3
 
 1 8 WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 Cranbonie standcth on tliG est end of Dorcetsliire, w/thin 2 myles of Wiltshire, 
 & w/thin 3 of Hamshire, distant north from Wimborn 7 m\'les. 
 
 Wirtwood is 4 myles south from Cranbornc ; but whether it be a market 
 towne or no, I know not. 
 
 Poole standeth in a litle Peninsula «nhin a sjreat gulf of the sea, 4 myles 
 directly south from W'imborne, & iij from the meane sea, and is one of ///e best 
 towncs in all the sh}-re. 
 
 Corf Castle & towne standeth in tliz middest of tJiQ He of Purbeck, although 
 it be no iland, but a peninsula, being 6 myles broad & 10 myles long. It is 2 
 myles from ///e Gulf of Poole, & 3 from the sea. 
 
 Wareliatn standeth betwrne 2 rivers, ///e Frame & tlic Piddle, which w/thin a 
 myle est therof do fall into the Gulf of Poole, & is distant from Poole 5 myles, 
 & from Corf 4. 
 
 Bcrc standeth more into the land, 5 m)-les northwest ffrom W'areham. 
 •[leaf 38.] *Miil(lletoj! standeth in the very middest of Dorcetshire, 4 myles northwest 
 
 frow Bere, & 7 northest fro;« Dorchester. 
 
 Wayinoiith and Kingsmelcoinb do stand one against the other on tJiG mouth 
 of a litle river which there falleth into the sea, 5 myles south from Dorchester, & 
 
 3 frow Portland Castell. 
 
 Birton standcth on the sea syde, 2 myles from Purport ; but whether it be a 
 market towne or no, I know not. 
 
 Tlie Ik of Portland lyeth on the south syde of this shyre in tlie sea. It is 
 2 myles long, north & south, & the breadth is a myle & a halff. To tlie which 
 at a low water a man may go on foote by a cawsey of sand, or gravell. 
 
 Forrests in Dorcetshire. 
 
 Gillinghcrm Forrest on the north. 
 Holt Forrest on the est end. 
 
 ] 'ales. 
 
 The Vale of W'hitehart (alias) Blakemore, betwene Sherborne & Eversholt. 
 The Vale of Marshwood, on the west end of the shyre. 
 
 [leaf 381''. contains Coats of Aims of Dukes of .Somerset : see Plate XII. Nos. I to 4.] 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 *[Ieaf39.] * Somersetshire hathe the Seavcrne Sea on the northwest, Glocestershire on the 
 
 north, Wiltshire on the est, Dorcetshire on the south, and Deuonshire on the 
 southwest. The length therof est & west 50 myles ; the breadth in the middest 
 is 27 myles, an[d] on the est end it is 30 myles broade, but towards the west yt 
 groweth narrower & narrower, so that at the very west end it is but 8 myles 
 brode. In which countrey (bes\-des the citties of Bath & Welles, & a peece of 
 Bristow) there is 30 other market townes, the which I will name in order as 
 they lye, amongst which townes there is one called Somerton, of which (as I 
 thinck) the whole countrey taketh name, and hath about 476 parish churches. 
 
 [The remainder of the page is occupied with Coats of Arms of the Earls of Bath : see Plate XIII.] 
 *[leaf 39/i.] '[View of Bath at the top : see Plate XXI.] 
 
 Bath lyeth on the northest corner of Somersetshire, compassed almost 
 round about with, the river of Auon ; distant southest frow Bristow 10 myles, 
 & southwest from Marsfcld, in Glocestershire, 5 myles. It is but a litle cittie, 
 yet one of the most ancicntest in England, wherevnto Welles is added, & so 
 do both make one Bishopprick. 
 •[leaf 40.] *Kcnshoin or Cainshain standcth (jn the south syde of the said river of Auon, 
 
 4 m\lcs from Bristow, & 6 from Bath.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 19 
 
 Pcnsford standeth 4 mylcs southward from Kensham, on a small brook 
 called Chute, which, at Kensham, fallcth into the Auon. 
 Plullipps-Norton is 4 myles southward from Bath. 
 
 Froum-Sekvood is 4 mj-les southward of Phillipps Norton, and on the north 
 end of Sehvood Forrest. 
 
 Shepton-Mallet is 6 myles southwest froum Sehvood, & 4 from Glassenburj-. 
 Welles standeth at tha foote, on th(t south syde of Mendipp Hills, 3 myles 
 northwest from Shepton Mallet, & 4 myles north from Glassenbur>-. It hath 
 the name of Wells, because of dyvcrs well springs that are therein. It is walled, 
 & is a cittie, making w/th Bath one Bishopprick. 
 
 Axbridge is 7 m}-les northwest from Welles, & not farre from a ri\-er named 
 Ax, which springeth at Wokeyhole, hard by Welles; and w/thin a m>-lc estward 
 of this towne is Chedder Rock, out of which springeth a broke of water in such 
 abundance that it dr}'veth 12 milles w/thin a ojianex of a myle of his head. 
 
 Bniton standeth on the head of a small river called Brier, & at the south 
 end of Sehvood Forrest, 5 m>-lcs southest from Shepton Mallet. 
 
 *Glassonbury standeth in the He of Aueland, w///c/^ is no iland, but enclosed '['eaf -to''- J 
 betwene 2 rivers, called Brier & Solway. This was in t)'mes past a famous 
 place, because of the Abbay there, where dyvers kings of tint realrne have byn 
 buried, as K. Arthur; K. Edmund I., An°. 946; K. Edgar, An°. 975 ; K. Edmund 
 Ironside, An°. 1017 ; and hard by, on a high hill, is the Torr, called Glassen- 
 bury Torr. 
 
 Wine-Caunton is 3 myles southest from Bruton, & w/thin 2 myles of 
 Dorcctshire. 
 
 Quenc-Camell is 6 mj-les southest from Wine Caunton, and standeth on 
 a small brook, wliich two myles thence, or litle more, falleth into tint Ivell. 
 
 Eiiell standeth on titc head of the river of Ivell, winch there parteth Somer- 
 setshire from Dorcetshire, 4 myles west from Sherborne, & in the way to London. 
 Ilcliester or Ivelchcstcr standeth vppon the said river of Ivell, 4 myles from 
 Evell, & as much more from Ouene Camell. 
 
 Somerton is 3 myles north northwest from Ichester, vppon a small river 
 named Care, which 7 myles west from thence falleth into the. said Ivell. 
 
 Langport standeth vppon the"^ afforsaid river of Ivell, 4 m>-les southwest 
 from Somerton, & 6 from Ilchester. 
 
 Martock standeth in the Isle of Muchney, w///c/^ is no iland, but enclosed 
 betwene 2 rivers, the Ivell & the Parret, 3 m>4es from Langport, & 4 from Ilchester. 
 
 *Pcdderton (comonly called South Pedderton) standeth on the other syde of '[leaf 41.] 
 the river Parret, w/thin 2 myles of Martock. 
 
 Crookhorne standeth on the head of the river of Parret, 4 m)-les south from 
 Pedderton, & w/thin litle more then a myle of Dorcetshire, in the way to London. 
 Chard standeth also on the south syde of Somersetshyre, in the way to 
 London, w/thin halff a myle of Dorcctshyre, 6 myles west from Crookhorne. 
 
 llniister is 3 myles northward from Chard, & 4 westward from South 
 Pedderton, not farr from the river of 111. 
 
 Bridge-'cvater standeth on the west syde of the river of Ivell, 10 myles west 
 from Glassenbury. This river of Ivell is the principallest river in all Somerset.shire, 
 and springeth not farr from Sherborn, in Dorcetshire, and so passeth to P^vcll, 
 Ilchester, & not farr from Langport taketh in the Parret & the 111, and 4 myles 
 lower the Tone, which cometh frow Taunton, and 2 myles from thence the Care, 
 which cometh from Somerton, and ariveth lastly at Bridgewater, & 6 myles 
 north frow thence falleth into the Seauerne Sea, taking in certa}'ne small brookes 
 on the west syde. 
 
 Hwitspill standeth in Brcntmarsh, betwene 2 rivers, the Ivell & the Brier, 
 4 myles north of Bridgewater, & w/thin two m\-les of the sea. 
 
 ' era.sure in MS.
 
 20 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 [leaf 41*.] * Taunton is a brave great towne, standing in a very frutefuU soyle, vppon the 
 
 river of Tone, whidi 6 myles falleth into the Ivell, and is distant from Bridgewater 
 southwest 7 myles, & as much northwest fro;;/ Ilmister. 
 
 Bisliopps-Lediard is 3^ myles northwest from Taunton, on a small broke, 
 which 3 myles thence falleth into the Tone. 
 
 Miluerton is 3 myles southwest from Bishopps Lediard, vppon a small brook, 
 which also falleth into the Tone. 
 
 Wellington standeth vppon the said river of Tone, 2h mj-les south from 
 Miluerton, & 5 from Taunton. 
 
 Wiueh'scomb is 2 myles northwest from Miluerton, & not farr from tlic head 
 of tlic said river of Tone. 
 
 Diihierton {which some call Daiterton) standeth w/thin a litlc more then a 
 myle of Deuonshire, & on a small river, which not farr of, falleth into the Ex, 
 which ronneth throwgh Deuonshire to Excestcr. 
 
 Watchet standeth on the sea syde, 10 myles westward from Bridgewater. 
 
 Dunster standeth also by the sea syde, 4 myles directly west from Watchet. 
 
 Mlinhead standeth also vppon tlie sea syde, 2 m)-les from Dunster ; ffrom 
 this towne is a comon passage over the Seavern Sea, to Sill}', in Glamorganshire, 
 which is 17 myles. 
 
 •[leaf 42.] 
 
 *Forrcsts in Sonicrsctsliyre. 
 
 Selwood Forrest, on the est end. 
 
 Ncroch Forrest, on the south, by Ilmister. 
 
 Alorcs. 
 
 Gedney More, by Welles. 
 Sege More, betwene Welles & Glassenbury. 
 Sedege More, southwest of Glassenbury. 
 Heth More, betwene Glassenbury & Brentmarsh. 
 Audrey More, hard by Sedege More. 
 Quenes More, not farr from Bridgewater. 
 North More, on tlic west syde of the river Ivell. 
 
 Ex More, in the very west end of Somersetshire, where the river of Ex 
 springeth. 
 
 '[leaf 42:V] *[Coats of Arms of Earls of Devonshire at top : see Plate XL] 
 
 DEUONSHIRE. 
 
 Devonshire is one of the greatest shyres in England. It hath on the north 
 end the Seuern Sea, on the south end the English Sea, on the west syde Cornwall, 
 & on the est Somersetshire, & a pece of Dorcetshire. The length from the 
 north to the south is 58 myles ; the breadth in the middest & at the south end 
 is 50 myles, but on the north end it is but 30. In which countrey (bes\-des the 
 cittie of Excester) there is 36 market townes, and about 456 parish churches, 
 besides villages, gentlemens howses, & castells, whereof there is no small nomber. 
 
 [leaf 43 contains Coats of Arms of Dukes of Exeter, and of the city of Exeter : see Plates XIII. and I.] 
 
 •[leaf 43/'.] * Excester is a fayre & large cittie, well walled & well traded, standing on 
 
 the est syde of the river Ex, wherof it taketh name ; which river springeth in 
 Somersetshire, in Exmore, and kepeth his course southest to Exford, W'insford, 
 & Exton, where it torneth towards the south, taking in certayne waters on both 
 sydes, entreth into Deuonshire at E^xbridge, fro;;; thence (receiving waters on 
 both sydes) it cometh to Tcuerton, where it receveth in the ryver of Loman, & 
 so pas.seth to Bickley, Theruerton, Nether Ex, & Stoke, where it receveth in t/ie 
 river of Columb, thaX. cometh from Columbton, & 2 myles lower another called 
 Credy, that cometh from Crediton, and so arivQth at Excester, & from thence to
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 21 
 
 Exmister 3 myles of, a mylc beneath which place it takcth in a river from the 
 est, named Clist, and (bcgining to be somewhat broad) 2 myles lower, at 
 Powdcrham Castle, taketh in another on the west syde, named Ken, & 2 myles 
 from thence falleth into the sea at Exmouth. 
 
 Chegford is 12 myles westward of Excester, on the est syde of Dartmore, 
 & vppon the head of the river of Ting, which falleth into the sea at Tinmouth, 
 
 5 myles from Exmouth. 
 
 Morton is 3 mj'les southest from Chegford. 
 
 Chidley standcth vppon tlie said river of Ting, 7 m}-Ies southest from Morton, 
 
 6 as much southwest from E.xccster. 
 
 Newton BuslieU is 4 m}-les beneath Chidley, & 5 from Tingmouth. 
 
 Ashburton is 5 myles west from Newton Bushell, vppon a small brooke, which 
 a myle thence falleth into the Dart. 
 
 Totnes standeth vppon the river of Dart (which springeth & ronneth throwgh 
 Dartmore), 5 myles south from Ashburton, & as farr west from Torrbay, and 
 is one of tite greatest townes in Dcuonshirc. 
 
 Dartmouth standeth vppon the said river of Dart, 7 m>les southest from 
 Totnes, & w/thin 2 myles of the sea. 
 
 *Kingsbridge is 8 myles directly west from Dartmouth, vppon the head of»[ieaf44.] 
 a creek, which 4 myles thence falleth into the sea, & is called Saltcomb Hauen. 
 
 Modbery is 5 myles northwest from Kingsbridge. 
 
 Brent is 4 myles northest from Modbery, & 3 directly west frow Totnes. 
 
 Pliniton standeth g m}-les directly west from Brent, & 3 est ixovi Plimmouth, 
 vppon a creek, which falleth into the haven at Plimmouth. 
 
 Plininwnth standeth on a pininsula w/thin the haven of Plimmouth, at tlie 
 very furthest corner of Deuonshire, next to Cornwall. The cheiffest ryver tliat 
 falleth into Plimmouth Hauen is the Tamer, which parteth Deuonshire & Cornwall 
 a sunder, all his course, which from the head vntill it ffall into tlie sea is about 
 35 myles. 
 
 Tauestoke is 10 m}-les north from Plimmouth, & w/thin 3 myles of Cornwall, 
 vppon a small river named Taui, which falleth into the Tamer. 
 
 Liston is 8 myles north from Tauestoke, on tlie west sjxle of Deuo;«hire, 
 w/thin 4 myles of Launston, in Cornwall. 
 
 Okeliainpton standeth est from Liston 12 myles, vppon tlie head of a river 
 named Oke, which springeth in Dartmore, & ronneth to Torringto« & Bidiford, 
 and lastly falleth into the Taw. 
 
 Crediton (comonly called Kirtoii) is 12 mj-les est from Okehampton, & about 
 8 from Excester, vppon a small river named Cred}', which ronneth into the E.x. 
 
 Bozu standeth in the very middcst of Deuonshire, 5 mj-les from Crediton, 
 & 7 from Okehampton, vppon the head of a small brook which ronneth into the 
 Taw. 
 
 *Chimligh standeth 7 or 8 m)-les north from Bow, vppon a small brooke, "[leaf 44//. | 
 which not farr from thence falleth into the Taw. 
 
 Hatherky is 8 myles southwest from Chimligh, & as much northwest from 
 Bow, 5 m>-les north from Okehampton. 
 
 Houlszvorthy standeth on the west .syde of Deuonshire, w/thin 3 myles of 
 Cornwall, 10 myles from Hatherley, & 9 north from Liston. 
 
 Harton standeth on tlie very northwest corner of Deuonshire, w/thin two myles 
 of tlie Severne Sea, & lyke distance from Cornwall. 
 
 Torrington standeth on tJie est syde of the river of Oke, 8 m)-lcs north from 
 Hatherle)-, & 4 from Bidiford. 
 
 Bidiford standeth on tlie west side of the said river, 4 m}-les north from 
 Torrington, & w/thin 2 myles of the sea. 
 
 Barstable standeth on the est side of the river Taw, 6 myles est from 
 Bidiford, and was in tymes past a brave towne, w/th 4 gates, but now the 
 suburbes are bigger then the towne.
 
 22 WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 Ilfarcomb standeth on the Severne Sea syde, 7 myles north from Barstable. 
 
 Conibinerton standeth also on tliQ S'eaverne Sea syde, 4 myles estwards from 
 Ilfarcomb. 
 
 Moitlton is 7 myles southest from Barstable, & vppon a small brook called 
 Moule, which springeth in Exmorc, and falleth into the Taw. 
 '[Iesf45-] *Baituton lyeth on tliG. est syde of Deuonshirc, w/thin two myles of Somerset- 
 
 shire, about 12 myles est fro;« Moulton, & vppon a litle brooke, which not farr 
 of, falleth into the Ex. 
 
 Tcuci-ton standeth vppon the river of Ex, 5 myles southward from Baunton, 
 & 12 north from Excester. 
 
 Coluiiibtou standeth vppon tlic river of Columb, 5 myles southest from 
 Teuerton. 
 
 Bradinncli standeth also vppon tlm said Columb, 2 myles beneath Columbton. 
 
 A II tree standeth vppon a small river named Autre, 8 myles est from Excester, 
 & 4 from Honiton. 
 
 Honiton standeth vppon tlie. said river of Autre, 4 myles northest from 
 Autre towne, & 5 northwest from Culliton. 
 
 Sidinouth standeth on tlia sea syde, on the mouth of a small creeke called 
 Sid, distant from Autre southwards 4 or 5 myles. 
 
 Culliton is 6 myles northest from Sidmouth, & 7 est from Autre, and 
 standeth vppon a small brook called Cully, which two myles thence falleth into 
 the sea at Axmouth. 
 
 Axinister standeth vppon the said river of Ax, on the very east corner of 
 Deuonshirc, w/th[in] a myle of Dorcetshire, 4 myles northest from Culliton. 
 '[Iear45/'.] *About 3 myles est from Axminster, Ij-eth a round peece of Deuonshirc, 
 
 3 m\-les long & 2 myles brode, which is compassed round about w/th Dorcetshire, 
 saving on the north syde it hath Somersetshj-re, from the which it is scpcrated 
 by tlie said river of Ax. 
 
 [leaf 46 contains Coats of Aims: see Plate VII. Nos. I to S.] 
 
 '[leaf 46/'.] * C O R N W A L L. 
 
 Cornzihill is the vttermost part westward of all England, and lycth lyke a 
 promontor\^ or rather isthumus, ffor it hath the sea on ech syde & round 
 about it, saving on the est end, where it is seperatcd from Deuonshirc by the 
 river of Tamer, as beffore hath byn declared. It is full 60 myles long, but what 
 it hath in length, it wanteth in breadth; yet at the est end, where it ioyneth vppon 
 Deuonshirc, it is 40 myles brode, or 38 at the least ; but the more westward it 
 goeth, the narrower yt is ; so that, about the middest, it is not above 20 myles 
 brode, and last of all, not passing 5 myles. Although this countrcy be but sandy 
 & barren in comparison of other shyres, )'et in some respects it passeth any of 
 them, as plentiousnes of tinne, fifish, and comwodious havens for shipps. In the 
 same I ffs-nd to be 21 market townes, the which I will name in order as they 
 lye, beginning at the est, & so passing along the south coast to the west end, 
 and then on the north syde back agayne to the est : and it hath about 266 parish 
 churches. 
 *[lcaf47.] *Lainistoi! is of some accompted for the cheiffest towne in Cornwall, because 
 
 the Sessions and law matters are kept there. It is a prety walled towne, standing 
 on the est end of the countrey, within litle more then a myle of Deuonshirc, 
 and vppon a small river named Kensy, which 2 myles from thence falleth into 
 the Tamer. 
 
 Saltash standeth vppon tlie said river of Tamer, 15 myles dircctl)' south 
 from Launston, & 3 west from Plimmouth. 
 
 Liskerd standeth vpp into the mcane land, 10 m\'les northwest from Saltash, 
 & 6 from the sea syde.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 23 
 
 Loii< (whicli to be written trewly as it is p;wnounced) ought to be written Lu, 
 standeth vppon the mouth of tliQ river Low, 6 mj-les south from Liskcrd. 
 
 Fov is a brave towne, standing on tlid mouth of tli^ river of Foy, w/thin a 
 myle of the sea, which is there called Foy Hauen, & is distant from Low directly 
 west 6 myles. Of the gallants of Foy, & of thc'xploites wltidi they did on 
 the sea, especially with them of Rye & Winchilsc)-, I could say soniwhat, if I 
 meant not to be breeff 
 
 Lestethiell standeth vppon ///e said river of Foy, 5 myles north from Foy 
 towne, & 3 south from Bodman. 
 
 *Bo(h)ian is accompted the greatest towne in Cornwall, and standeth in ///e *['eaf 47'''- 1 
 middest of the countrey, ffor it hath ///e sea on ech syde w/thin 10 myles, and 
 is 3 myles south from Lestethiell, & 7 northwest from Liskerd. 
 
 Gmiiipound standeth vppon thft river of Fale, wliidi fallcth into Falmouth 
 Hauen (the greatest hauen in Cornwall), distant westward from Foy 10 myles, & 
 from Lestethiell xj. 
 
 Treg-nj standeth in Roseland, and vppon t/io. said river of Fale, 2 myles 
 southwest & beneath Grampound. 
 
 Truro is accompted the cheiffest Towne in all Cornwall for traffik of 
 marchandize, and standeth on a peninsula, at the head of one of the armes of 
 Falmouth Hauen, from Tregnj & Grampound lyke distance of 6 myles. 
 
 Tregitnian standeth at tli& confluence of tlie 2 great waters, that ■which 
 cometh from Truro, and the Fale, w///c/^ cometh from Tregnj, 4 myles from the 
 one & as many from the other. 
 
 Perin standeth on the west sj'de, and vppon a branch of Falmouth Hauen, 
 distant ffrom Tregunian, directly west, 4 m}-les. 
 
 *Helston is one of the greatest townes in Cornwall, and the place cheiffly '[leaf 48.] 
 for coynage of all Cornish tinne (although they coyne both at Truro & Lestethiell), 
 and standeth in the countrey called Menege (which is a peninsula 10 myles long 
 & 7 brode), and vppon a river named Loo, which some call Loo poole, because 
 it is broder w/thin then it is at the very mouth, but from the head vntill it come 
 to Helston, it is called Cohor. This towne is 6 m}-les directly west from Perin, and 
 3 from the meane sea. 
 
 Pensance standeth on the west syde of Mounts Ba\-, ten myles northwest from 
 Helston, 2 from St. Michaells Mount, and 4 on this syde St. Buriens, which 
 St. Burien is iiij myles from the Landes End. 
 
 St. Tees lyeth on the north syde of Cornwall, on tJie sea syde, and at the entring 
 of a bay called St. Tee's bay, 12 myles from the Lands end, & 5 northest from 
 Pensance. 
 
 St. Coluinb (called great St. Columb, for diffrence of litle St. Columb not farr of) 
 is 24 m)-les directly est from St. Tees, 8 frow Bodman, and vppon a small brook, w/^/ch 
 fallcth into the sea. 
 
 Padstoiv standeth on tlie west syde of a great river, which some call Helan, others 
 Dunmcrc, but comonly Padstow Water, & is 6 myles northest from St. Columb, & 2 
 from the sea. Foure myles from Padstow is a bridge over the said river, called 
 Waidbridge, which is tlie greatest bridge in Cornwall. 
 
 *Ca)iielford sX.?i\-\Ae\.h. vppon the head of the said river of Hclan, 9 myles directly *[leaf48i.] 
 est from Padstow, & 10 from Launston. 
 
 Trenenna standeth on the sea syde, 4 mj-les from Camelford, & 6 est of Padstow 
 Hauen. A litle myle from Treuenna is Tintagell, which hath a castell standing in 
 the sea, very strongly on a rock, called Tintagell Castell. 
 
 Boscastle is 3 myles est from Treuenna, vppon the mouth of a small creek, not farr 
 from the sea. 
 
 Stratton standeth on the northest corner of Cornwall, 10 m)-lcs from Boscastle, 
 xj from Launston, w/thin 2 mj-les of Deuonshire, & as much from the sea. It is- 
 compassed on ech s\-de with two small brookes which meet there, and geveth name 
 to all the Hundred where it standeth, called Stratton Hundred.
 
 24 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 Now I have gone as farr westward as I can on the. south sydc of the river of 
 Thamise. It cometh best to purpose to begynn agayne at the est, and on the north 
 sj'de of the same river w/th the countrey of Essex. 
 
 [leaf 49<7. contains Coats of Arms of the Earls of Essex ; see Plate X.] 
 nieaf49'''.] * ESS EX. 
 
 Essex taketh name of the Est Saxons, wliidi was in tymes past a kingdome, con- 
 tayning, not only Essex, but also Midlcsex, and part of Hartfordshire. On the est it 
 hath the sea, on thu south it' is parted from Kent b}- the river of Thamise, on the west 
 yt hath Midlesex and Hartfordshire, on tliQ northwest corner it toucheth on Cam- 
 bridgeshire, & hath Suffolk on th& north. The length therof is, est and west, 40 
 myles, the breadth 35, and the compass round about is about 120 myles. In which 
 countrey (bcs>'des the cittie of Colchester) there is 19 market townes (or 18 as some 
 reakon, which leave out Harwich), and it hath 415 parish churches, besydes villages, 
 gentlemens howses & castells. 
 
 [The remainder of this page is occupied with a View of Colchester : see Plate XX.] 
 
 *[leaf 50.1 * Colchester is a most ancient cittie, standing on the northest corner of Essex, vppon 
 
 a river named Colney, which springeth in the south syde of Essex, about 16 myles 
 northwest from Colchester, and fallcth into the sea 3 myles beneath Brikelsc)-. It is 
 called in Brittish, Caercoill, and was founded by Colli, King of Brittains. It hath 
 w/thin the walles, a marvelous old castell, standing on a hill, & 1 5 churches, most part 
 w/'th brode or square steples. There can no shipps come to the towne, but to 
 Brikelsey, which is 4 myles from thence. 
 
 JSIauingtree standcth on ///e south syde of the river of Clare (or Stoure as some 
 call it), which parteth Suffolk from Essex, 6 myles from Colchester, & as farr from 
 Harwich. 
 
 Harwich standcth at the mouth of the said ri\-er, where the river of Orwell {which 
 cometh fro;« Ipswich) fallcth into the sea, & is there called Orwell Hauen. It is a 
 prety litle towne, walled on the north syde, and although it be no market towne, yet 
 it may passe amongst them, 
 -[leaf 50i^.] *Maldoii standcth on the south syde of the river that cometh from Chelmsford 
 
 (which some call Chelmer), distant 9 myles est from Chelmsford, & 10 south from 
 Colchester. 
 
 Chel)iicsford is of some accompted tlie sh\-re towne of Essex, because the Sessions 
 and law matters are kept there, and standcth almost in the very middest of the 
 countrey. Three myles beyond Chelmsford is Newhall, a manor place of the kings, 
 which now belongeth to the Erie of Sussex. 
 
 B rent-wood \s 15 m)-les from London, & in the way from Colchester. 
 
 T?;/';///^;;-;^/ standcth in Hauering Libert)-, in the way betwene Brentwood & London. 
 Hauering is the king's howse, w^tiich is 2 myles north from Rumford. Hauering 
 Libertie is 4 myles ech way. 
 
 Horndon on the Hill standcth w/thin 2 myles of the Thamise. 
 
 Bclericay is 4 myles north from Horndon. 
 
 Ralegh standcth in Rochford Hundred, 3 m\-lcs from Ligh, & as many from 
 Rochford. 
 
 Barking standcth w/thin a m}-lc of the Thamise, and about 6 myles est from 
 London. 
 ,|l(.af5i.] *]Valthani Cross (which some call Waltham Abbay) is 12 myles north from 
 
 London, and standcth on the est syde of the river of Lea, which parteth Essex 
 from Midlesex. 
 
 Hatfeild Brodoke standcth on the west end of Essex, 10 m>-lcs northest from 
 Waltham, and 5 from Dunmow. 
 
 Waldcn (comonly called Safron IValden, because of the great abundance of 
 
 ' "is is "in the MS.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 2$ 
 
 safron w/iick groweth thereabout) is lO myles north from Hatfeild, and standeth 
 on t/ic northwest corner of Essex, w/thin 4 myles of Cambridgeshire. 
 
 ?"//c?.v/^^ standeth on ///e head of ///e river Chclmer, 5 mx-lcs southcst from Safron 
 Walden. 
 
 Dimmozv standeth vppon tliQ said river of Chelmer, 5 myles from Thaxted, & 10 
 northwest from Chelmsford. He that is maried, & doth not repent hym therof 
 w/thin the first yeare & day, may come to Dunmow & fetch a flitch of bacon. 
 
 Braintree is 6 myles est from Dunmow, & as many west from Coxhall, halfe 
 way betwene both. 
 
 Halstcd standeth vppon ///e river of Colney, 8 myles west from Colchester, 
 & 5 northest from Braintree. 
 
 *CoggeshaU (comonly called Coxhall) is 5 myles southest from Halstcd, and halff '[leaf Sf'] 
 way betwene Braintre & Colchester, to say 6 myles from ech. It standeth on a river 
 named Blackwater, whizJi falleth into th(t Chelmer not farr frow Maldon. 
 
 Witham is xj myles from Colchester, & 7 ffrom Chelmesford, in the way to 
 London. 
 
 Forrests in Essex. 
 
 Waltham Forrest, by Waltham. 
 
 Hatfeild Forrest, by Hatfeild Brodeoke, ys palled about, & is but two myles 
 longe & one myle brode. 
 
 *MIDDELSEX. '[leaf 52.] 
 
 Middlesex taketh name of tJi(t Midlesaxons, & is tJit least shyre in England 
 except Rutland. It hath on that est Essex (from tli& which it is seperated by tlift 
 river of Lea), on the. south it is devyded from Surrey by the river of Thamise, on 
 the west from Buckinghamshire by tha river of Coll, and hath Hartfordshyre on ///e 
 north. The length therof is, from tJiQ est to th& west, 18 myles, the breadth at both 
 ends is 12 myles, but in //^e middest it is not passing 8 myles brode. In which 
 countrey (besydes the roiall cittie of London) there is 3 market townes & 73 parish 
 churches. 
 
 [The Coat of Arms of the City of London occupies the rest of the page : see Plate I.] 
 
 ^London (the cheiff & principall cittie in all England), although it be scituated in ♦[leaf 52/-.] 
 thz province of Middlesex, yet it is a countie of it selff This roiall & famous citty 
 standeth on tJi^ north syde of the river of Thamise, which river is there a thowsand 
 foote brode, over which there is a goodly bridge of stone, which hath 20 arches, that 
 are 60 foote in height, 30 in thicknes, & distant one from another 20 foote. On both 
 sydes of the bridge are howses buildcd, in such sort that it seemeth rather a continuall 
 street then a bridge. London is 3 myles long (accompting Westminster withall), and 
 is two myles brode, reakoning Southwark & tho. bridge. It is devyded into 26 wardes, 
 and hath 108 parish churches w/thin the walles, and xj w/thout tliQ wallcs, but yet 
 w/thin the Liberties, which is in all 11 g. 
 
 Westtninster lyeth at the. west end of London, l)-ke the suburbes, and was of late, 
 by Ouene Elizabeth, made a cittie. In the great church of St. Peter are the sepultures 
 of dyvers kings & noblemen, and hard by is Westminster Hall. 
 
 [A View of London is here inserted, but the folio is not counted : see Plate XXVIII.] 
 
 *Brainford is 8 myles west from London, and standeth vppon a small river '[leaf 53.] 
 (which some call Brain) that there falleth into the Thamise. 
 
 Stanes standeth vppon the Thamise, 7 myles from Brainford, & 15 from London, 
 & 3 myles frow Colbrok in Buckinghamshire. 
 
 Vxbridge standeth on tlie west end of Middlesex, and vppon the river of Coll, 
 6 myles north from Stanes, 3 from Colbroke, & 16 from London. 
 
 In Middlesex standeth also Hampton Court vppon the Thamise, xj myles from 
 London, & a myle from Kingston, which (as some say) is the fayrest howse that the 
 
 4
 
 26 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 king hath. And in th& northest corner of th& countrey, hard by Waltham, is Enfeld 
 Chase, where there is also a howse called Enfeld Howse. 
 
 '[i«f 53''-] *HARTFORDSHYRE. 
 
 [A Coat of Arms is at the top : see Plate XIV., No. I.] 
 
 Hartfordshire taketh name of the towne of Hartford, and hath on ///e est Essex, 
 on ///e south Middlesex, on the west Buckinghamshire & Bedfordshire, and hath 
 Cambridgshirc on the north. It contayncth in length from tlie. north to the south, 
 25 myles, and the breadth is 20 myles, in some places more, & in some Icsse. In 
 which countrey there is 17 market townes, & about 130 parish churches. 
 
 [leaf 54 has the number omitted, so 53, 53/', 55.] 
 
 •[leaf 55.] * Hartford is an ancient towne & castell standing on ech syde of tlic river of Lea, 
 
 distant 2 myles westward from Ware. 
 
 Ware standeth on th(t north syde of th& said river, 20 myles north from London, 
 and in the hygh way to London from th^ north countrey. 
 
 Hoddcsdon is 3 myles from Ware, & 5 from Waltham, in London way also. 
 
 Bislwppsliatfeld is 5 myles southwest from Hartford, and as manj' est from St. 
 Albones. At this towne is a goodly howse of brick belonging to ///e king. 
 
 St. Alboiics is the faj'rest & greatest towne in all the shyre, and standeth on a 
 hill, just 20 myles northwest from London, vppon the banck of a small river named 
 Coll, wliidi ronneth to Colbrok. Not farr from St. Albones stood tlt& famous cittie of 
 Verolanum' Verlancester, as yet is easely to be scene, which as some wryte was in 
 the. tyme of the Remains esteemed above London, 
 •[leaf 55*.] *Barnet fotherwise called High Barnet, ffor diffrence of Est Barnet in Middlesex) 
 
 standeth hard vppon Middlesex, halff way bctwene St. Albones & London, 10 myles 
 from ech. 
 
 fr7r//;);v/ standeth vppon tint river of Coll, 8 myles west from Barnet, & 6 south 
 from St. Albones. 
 
 Hcnisted is 5 myles west from St. Albones. Betwene Hemsted & Watford lyeth 
 Kings Langley, and not farr from thence Abbotts Langley. 
 
 Barkaiiistcd {cQ-movXy called Great Barkamsted, ffor diffrence of Litle Barkamsted, 
 not farr from Hartford) is 3 myles west from Hemsted. 
 
 Tying is 3 myles west of Barkamsted, and toucheth vppon Buckinghamshire. 
 
 Hitchin is xj myles north from St. Albones, on thu west syde of the. shyre, w/thin 
 two myles of Bedfordshyre. 
 
 Baldock is 5 myles northest from Hitchin, and w/thin two myles also of Bedford- 
 shyre. 
 
 Roiston standeth on tlie very northend of tite countrey, so tliat it toucheth 
 vppon Cambridgeshire, and is 7 myles northest ffrom Baldock, & in London way 
 from tlic north countrej'. 
 '[Itafse.] *Barkway is 3 myles southest from Roiston, & w/thin two myles of Essex, in 
 
 London way from Walsingham in Norfolk. 
 
 Biintingford is 6 myles from Roiston, & 7 fifrom Ware, in tlie way betwene tliem. 
 
 Piickrich {v/hich some say was anciently called Pulcherchurch) is 3 myles from 
 Buntingford, & 7 directly south from Barkwa}', 5 from Ware, and in the way betwene 
 Barkway & Ware. 
 
 Bislwpps-Startford standeth on tlie est syde of the countrc}', w/thin a mj-lc of 
 Essex, & vppon a river named Stoure, which a myle beneath this towne parteth 
 Hartfordshire from Essex, vntill it fall into the Lea, & then it geveth over both name 
 & office. This towne is 7 myles directly est from Puckrich. 
 
 [leaf s6/5. contains Coats of Arms of the Earls and Dukes of Suffolk : see Plate XV., Nos. 12 to 15.] 
 
 ' A word, probably or, seems to have been accidentally ruljbed away.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 2/ 
 
 *SUFFOLK. *[leaf57.] 
 
 Svffolk lycth on tlid south part of that countrey which in tymes past was called 
 the kingdome of Est England, and thereof takcth name, ffor Suffolk or Southfolk is 
 all one. This countrey of Suffolk hath on tint est end the Germaine Occeane, on tli^ 
 south syde Essex, ffrom tint which yt ys, devyded by the river of Clare, which some call 
 Stoure ; on the west it hath Cambridgeshire, & Norfolk on the. north. It contayneth 
 in length, from Eston {wkick is the most estwards part of all England) to Newmarket 
 in the west, 44 myles, and the breadth is 20 myles ; but at the. est end yt is 30 myles 
 brode, and the compasse therof round about is 120 myles. In which countrey there 
 is 25 market townes and 575 parish churches, besydes villages, gcntlemens howses, 
 & castells. 
 
 *[Coat of Amis of the town of Ipswich at the top : see Plate I.] *[leaf 57/'.! 
 
 Ipswich is the greatest towne in Suffolk, and one of the most famous townes in 
 England at this present for trafike and other respects, and standeth in the southest 
 corner of the countrey, vppon the river of Orwell, 7 myles from the sea. It hath 
 xj churches in it. 
 
 Needhaiii standeth vppon tlie said river of Orwell, 6 myles northwest from 
 Ipswich. 
 
 Stow standeth vppon tlie head of tlie said river of Orwell, 3 litle myles northwest 
 from Needham, & in the very middcst of Suffolk. 
 
 Hadhy is 7 mjdes directly south from Stow, vppon a small river, which 4 myles 
 thence falleth into tlie Clare. 
 
 Laneham standeth on the head of the same river, 6 myles northwest from Hadley. 
 
 * Sudbury standeth vppon the river of Clare (that parteth Suffolk from Essex), 5 *[leaf 5S.] 
 myles directly south from Laneham, & 6 southest from Clare. 
 
 Clare is a towne & castell, standing vppon the fornamed river of Clare {which 
 some call Stoure), 6 myles northwest from Sudbury. Of this towne did the Clares 
 take name that were Erles of Glocester, whose issew in tyme ended in 3 doughters, 
 whereof one was marled to John Burg, Erie of Vlster, in Ireland, and his issew also 
 ended in a doughtcr named Elizabeth, marled to Leonell, second sonne to K. Ed- 
 ward 3, who by her was Erie of Vlster, & was after created Duke of Clarence. And 
 this was the first originall or begining of the said Dukedome. 
 
 Hauerill standeth on the head of the said river of Clare, & on the very southwest 
 corner of Suffolk, 4 myles directly west from Clare. It toucheth on Essex, & is 
 w/thin a myle of Cambridgesh}-re. 
 
 Neivinarket standeth on the very west end of the countre\', and so nigh to 
 Cambridgeshyre that (as I judge) some part of the towne standeth in the said shyre. 
 It is 9 myles from Hauerill, and 7 southest from Ely. 
 
 JMildnall is 6 myles north of Newmarket, and two myles from Cambridgeshyre. 
 
 *Braudon (which some call Brandon Ferry) standeth vppon the river of Litle *[leaf5SA] 
 Ouse, which parteth Norfolk ffrom Suffolk, 6 myles northest from Mildnall, & 5 
 west from Thctford in Norfolk. 
 
 Bury (which is also called St. Edmunds Bury) is accompted the shyre towne of 
 Suffolk, because the Sessions & Assyses are kept there, and is a proper towne, 
 standing on the head of a small river or brooke, which ronneth from thence to 
 Mildnall, & so falleth into the Great Ouse 2 myles beneath Ely. This towne is 9 
 myles north from Clare, 10 est from Newmarket, & as many west from Stow. 
 
 Wulpct is 6 mj'lcs est from Bur)-, & 4 from Stow. 
 
 Buddcsdalc is 7 myles north from Stow, and w/thin 2 myles of Lopham Ford, 
 where Norfolk parteth from Suffolk. 
 
 Aye is 5 myles est from Buddesdale. 
 
 Dcbenhain is 4 myles directly south from Aye, and standeth on the head of a 
 small river, which falleth into the sea at Baudsey. Fyve myles northest from this 
 towne is Framlingham Castell, standing vppon the head of Orford River.
 
 28 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 »[leaf59.] *Bungay standeth vppon tJi& river of Waueney, wJddi parteth Norfolk from 
 
 Suffolk, 9 myles north from Framingham Castell, & as many northest from Aye. 
 
 Beckles standeth vppon thz same river, 4 myles estward from Bungay. 
 
 Lcstoft standeth on tliQ sea syde, in a peninsula (named Louingland, or Low 
 England as some terme it), 6 myles south from Vermouth, & 7 est from Beckles. 
 
 So'.vould (comonly called Sowl) standeth also vppon the sea syde, 8 myles south 
 from Lestoft, on tliQ mouth of a small river, which there maketh a prety hauen. 
 
 Halcszvortli is 6 miles directly west from Sowould, vppow ///e head of tlic said 
 river which ronneth to Sowld. 
 
 Diimvicli standeth on tlic sea syde, two m\-Ies south from Sowould, and was 
 in t\-mes past a famous cittie and Bishopprick [which Bishopprick was after translated 
 to Elmeham, from thence to Thetford, and lastly to Norwich). But now the sea hath 
 eaten most part of the townc away, so that there remayneth but 3 churches therein, 
 where once were 12. 
 *[Ieaf 59A.] *SaxiiiuiidIiain is 6 myles southwest from Dunwich, 4 from the sea, & 5 est 
 
 from Framingham. 
 
 Aldcliorough standeth on ///e sea syde, 7 myles south from Dunwich. 
 
 O rf or d townc & castell do stand at the point of th^ land called Orfordness, two 
 myles from Aldeborough, & 10 or 12 myles ffrom Harwich. 
 
 Woodbridge is 5 mjdcs northest from Ipswich, and standeth w/thin a myle of 
 a small river {which some call Deue) that cometh from Debenham, & falleth into the 
 sea at Baudsey, making there a prety haven, called Baudsey Haven. 
 
 [leaf 60 contains Coats of Arms of the Dukes of Norfolk : see Plate XII., Nos. 10 to 13.] 
 
 '[leaf 60/'.] * NORFOLK. 
 
 Norfolk lycth on tlic north part of tJiat. countrey which in old tyme was called 
 Est England, and hath the sea almost round about it, saving on the south it hath 
 Suffolk, on the west Cambridgeshire & a peece of Lincolneshire. The length therof 
 is, from Vermouth in tlic est to Walpoole in Marshland in tlic west, 50 myles, the 
 breadth 30, and the compass round about is about 130 myles. In which countrey 
 (besydes tlic cittie of Norwich) there is 26 market townes, and hath to the nomber 
 of 625 parish churches, besydes villages which have no churches, townshipps, gen- 
 tlemens howses, and castells. 
 
 [The remainder of this page is occupied with 2 Coats of Arms : see Plate XIIL, Nos. 15 and 16.] 
 [leaf 61b. contains a View of Norwich : see Plate XXVII.] 
 
 *[leaf 62.] *Nonvich ys the cheiffe cittie in Norfolk, and the third cittie in England, to say, 
 
 the greatest saving London & Vork. It hath 25 parish churches, & all w/thin the 
 walles ; also an ancient castell standing on a hill, almost in the very middest of the 
 cittie. Throwgh the citty passeth a brave river, named Ver, which about 13 myles 
 thence falleth into the sea at Vermouth. 
 
 WimondJiain (comonly called Windham) is an ancient & great towne, standing 
 6 myles southwest from Norwich. 
 
 Hiugham is 4 myles westward from Windham. 
 
 Buckenliam (comonly called New Buckcnham, ffor diffrcnce of Old Buckenham 
 hard by it) is 5 myles directly south from Hingham. 
 *[leaf 62;/.] *Hcrling (comonly called Est Herling, for diffrcnce of West Hcrling hard by) 
 
 is 3 myles southwest ffrom Buckenham. 
 
 TItctford is [an] ancient towne, having yet a maior, and was in t}'mes past a 
 bishopprick, ffrom whence it was translated to Norwich, and standeth vppon the 
 river of Litlc Ousc, which parteth Norfolk from Suffolk, 6 myles southwest from 
 Est Hcrling. 
 
 Walton is 9 myles directly north from Thetford. 
 
 Dereham (comonly called Est Dereham, for diffrcnce of West Dereham not farr 
 from Downeham) is 5 myles north from Watton, & 10 west from Norwich.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 29 
 
 Szvafhcnn is 7 myles westwards from Est Dereham. 
 
 Downeham standeth on //:e est syde of the. river of Great Ouse, 9 myles west 
 southwest from Swafham. 
 
 Linn is thz bravest townc in Norfolk next Norwich, and standeth on the est 
 syde of tli& said river of Great Ouse, 8 myles nort'i from Downeham, & w/thin 
 3 myles of the Washes, which are betwene Lincolnshire & Norfolk. Old Linn 
 standeth on the other syde of the river, in Marshland. 
 
 * Snetshani is 8 myles north from Linn, and w/'thin 2 myles of the Washes, in tlie *['eaf 63.] 
 northwest corner of Norfolk. 
 
 Biirnhain is 7 myles northest from Snetsham, & 2 myles from the sea. It is 
 comonl)' called Burnh^m Market, because of d)-vers other townes theraboutcs lying 
 together, as Burnham Debdale, Burnh^m Over, Burnhrrm Norton, Burnhrtm Sutton, & 
 Burnham Thorp. 
 
 Walsingham is one of the greatest townes in Norfolk, and standeth 6 myles 
 southest from Burnham Market, & 4 myles ffrom the sea. 
 
 Fakenhatii is 3 myles directly south from Walsingham. 
 
 Clay standeth on the north syde of Norfolk, on the mouth of a small river w/thin 
 a myle of tlie sea, & 5 m}-les northest from Walsingham. 
 
 Holt is two myles south from Clay. 
 
 Cromer standeth on the sea syde, 6 myles est from Clay. 
 
 Repeham standeth into the land, 10 myles south from Cromer, & 8 northwest 
 from Norwich. 
 
 Caston is two myles northest from Repeham. 
 
 Alcsliam is 2 m}'les northest from Caston, vppon a small river which falleth into 
 the Yer, hard by Vermouth. 
 
 * Walshain (comonly called North Walshrrm, for diffrence of South Walsham, 8 *[leaf 63/'.] 
 myles southest from thence) standeth 4 myles northest from Alesham, & 3 from 
 the sea. 
 
 Wursted is 2 myles south southest from North Walshrtm, 
 
 Hickling is 4 mj'les est from Wursted, & 2 myles from the sea. 
 
 Yennouth is a proper walled towne, standing 9 myles southest from Hickling, 
 vppow the mouth of the river Yer, which a little mile southest from thence falleth into 
 the sea, and )'et on the est syde of the towne a man may almost throw a stone into 
 the sea. 
 
 Harleston standeth on tJie river of Waueney, which parteth Norfolk from Suffolk, 
 16 mj'les southwest from Yermouth, & 4 from Bungay in Suffolk. 
 
 Dis standeth vppon the said river of Waueney, 6 myles southwest from Harleston, 
 & 4 myles from Loppamford. Three myles from Dis, & as many from Buckenham, 
 & lyke distance from Herling, standeth Kenningale Castell. 
 
 *CAMBRIDGESHIRE 'H'^^f 64! 
 
 [Two Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XIII., Nos. I and 2.] 
 
 Cambridgeshire is cut in two by the river of Ouse, & as it were into two countreis. 
 The north part wherof is called the Isle of Ely, which is as bigg, or rather bigger, then 
 tlia\. part of Cambridgeshire. But in nomber of townes & villages Cambridgeshire 
 passeth the He of Ely 3 tymes. This shyre (accompting the He of Ely thew/th, for it 
 is all in Cambridgeshyre) is in length, north & south, about 38 myles ; in breadth, 
 10, 15, & in some places, 20 myles. It hath on the est Norfolk & Suffolk, on the 
 southest Essex, on the south Hartfordshire, on tlie southwest Bedfordshire, on the 
 west Huntingtonshyre, on the northwest a peece of Northamptonshire, and on the 
 north Lincolnshire. In which countrey (besydes Cambridge & Ely) there is 4 other 
 market townes, and 163 parish churches, or thereabouts. 
 
 [leaf 64^. contains a View of Cambridge : see Plate XXIII.] 
 
 *Cainbrige (called in Brittish, Caergrant, & by the Saxons, Grantbridge) is a '[leaf 65.I
 
 30 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 famous townc & florishing Vniversyte, standing vppon tJio. river Granta, which ronneth 
 throwgh the. middcst of the same shyre, and falleth into the Ouse 3 myles south of 
 El}-. It is 10 myles southest from Huntington, & as many south from Ely. 
 
 Linton (or Lenton as some call it) toucheth vppon Essex, & is 7 m>'Ies southest 
 from Cambridge. 
 
 Rech is 7 myles northest from Cambridge, and w/thin 3 myles of Suffolk, vppon a 
 creeke, which is diggedd from the Ouse to the towne, almost 2 myles long, & is 5 
 myles from Ely. Betwcne this towne & Ely are two mcarcs. Stretham Mere on the 
 left hand, which is a myle long & halffe a myle brodc, taking name of Streteham hard 
 by, and Seham Mere on the right hand, which is somewhat bigger, and taketh name 
 of Seham therby. 
 *[leaf 65(i.] *£■/)' ys a bishopps seat, standing on the west sydc of the river of Great Ouse 
 
 afforsaid, & in the lie of Ely, which Isle of Ely is not one only Isle, but consisteth of 
 many Ilandes, 15 in nomber at the least, seperated one from another by rivers, waters, 
 or dychcs, and all called the Isle of Ely. 
 
 Lith-port standeth in the said He of Ely, 4 myles directly north from Ely, & 
 w/thin a myle of the northwest corner of Suffolk. 
 
 Wisbich standeth also in the said He 10 myles north from Litleport, & hard 
 vppon Norfolk. 
 
 [leaf 66a. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Huntington : see Plate XII., Nos. 5 to 9.] 
 
 *[ieaf 66/..] *HUNTINGTONSHYRE. 
 
 HvntiugiousJiire'^ ys one of tlie least shyres in England. It is in proportion 
 4 square, or rather 4 cornered, lyke a diamond vppon a payre of cardcs, being not 
 above 12 myles from the one syde to the other. But the longest way is from the 
 nortli corner to the south, which is 20 myles, and from the est corner to the west is 
 about 16 myles, so that it is about halff so bigg as Cambridgshire or Northampton- 
 shire, and is environed round about w/th the said 2 shyres, saving on the southwest it 
 toucheth on Bedfordshyre. In which countrey ther-e is 5 market townes & 78 parish 
 churches, 
 •[leaf 67,] * Iluittington ys tJte towne which geveth name to all the whole countrey, and 
 
 standeth on the north bank o'i the river of Ouse, 10 myles northwest from Cambridge, 
 12 northest from Bedford, and w/thin 3 myles of Cambrigcshyre. 
 
 Sainct lues {winch to be written as it is spoken, ought rather to be written St. 
 Tyues) standeth vppon tJie sayd river of Ouse, 3 myles beneath, & directly est from 
 Huntington. 
 
 Saiiict Neot, or St. Ede.^ (comonly called St. Needs) standeth also vppon tJie said 
 river of Ouse, 6 myles above, & almost south from Huntington, & hard by Bedfordshire. 
 
 Kiuibalton is 7 myles west from Huntington, and w/thin a myle of Bedfordshire. 
 
 Yaxley standeth in the north corner of the shyre, 10 myles north from 
 Huntington, a myle from Stilton, w/thin two myles of Northamptonshire, & w/thin 
 3 of Cambridgshire. 
 
 [leaf 67^. contains 5 Coats of Arms : see Plate VII., Nos. 13 to 17.] 
 
 'Licaf 6S.] * B E D F O R D S H I R E. 
 
 Bedfordshire is not much bigger then Iluntingtonshirc, but it is more 
 inhabited, & better replenished w/th townes. It hath Huntingtonshire on the 
 northest, Cambridgeshire on the est, Hartfordshire on the southest, Buckinghamshire 
 on the west, & on the northwest it toucheth on Northamptonshire. The length 
 therof is from the north to the south 24 myles, and the breadth in the middest 
 {which is the brodest place) is 14 myles. In which countrey (besides Bedford) there 
 are 9 market townes, & 113 parish churches. 
 
 [The lower part of the page contains the Coat of Arms of the town of Bedford ; See Plate 1.] 
 
 ' sihre in the MS.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 3 1 
 
 *Bedford is a proper towne, walled about, w/th iij churches therein, and standeth '['e-^f 6SA] 
 on the north syde of the river of Ouse, about 12 myles southwest ffrom Huntington. 
 
 Pottoji is 7 myles est from Bedford, & w/thin a myle of Cambridgeshyre. 
 
 Bigleszvade is 2 myles south from Potton. 
 
 Sliefford is 3 mj-les south southwest from Bigleswade, and standeth betwene 2 
 rivers, which meet there, & so do ronne from thence in one chanell to Bigleswade, 
 & 4 myles beneath Bedford do fall into the Ouse. 
 
 AntJiill'm 4 myles west from Shefford, & 5 directly south from Bedford. 
 
 '^Wobiirn is 4 myles southwest from Anthill, and w/thin 2 myles of Buck- *[leaf 69] 
 inghamshire. 
 
 Titddiugton is 3 myles southest from Woburn, & 4 directly south from Anthill. 
 
 LcgJitoii standeth on a small river, which there parteth Bedfordshire from Buck- 
 inghamshire, iiij myles southwest from Tuddington, which river ronneth from thence 
 to Fenny Stratford, & falleth into the Ouse at Newport Panell. 
 
 Dunstable standeth in London way ixoiii Couentry, g myles southest from 
 Leghton, & 30 from London. 
 
 Luton is 3 myles estwards from Dunstable, & w/thin a myle of Hartfordshyre. 
 
 [leaf 69^. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Northampton : see Plate X.] 
 
 *NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. *[leaf 70.] 
 
 Northamptonshire is as bigg as both Bedfordshire & Huntingtonshire, and 
 stretchcth in length from ilie southwest to the northest, hauing on tJie southest 
 syde Cambridgeshire, Huntingto«shire, Bedfordshire, & Buckinghamshire ; on tJie 
 northwest it hath Lincolnshire, Rutland, Lecestershire, & Warwikshire, and on tlie 
 southwest corner it toucheth on Oxfordshyre. The length from tlie southwest to 
 the northest (to say) from Banbury, in Oxfordshire, to Crowland, in Lincolnshire, 
 is 42 myles, and the breadth in tlie middest is 18 myles. But the more northward 
 it goeth the narrower it is, so that in some places it is not passing 4 myles brode. 
 In which countrey is 10 market towncs & 326 parish churches. 
 
 [The lower part of the page contains the Coat of .'Vrms of the town of Northampton : see Plate I.] 
 
 *Northampton is a brave towne, walled about, w/th 5 churches therein, and *[leaf 70/'.] 
 standeth vppon tlie river of Nine, distant 12 m\'les directly north fro;« Buckingham, 
 & as many south from Herborow, in Lecestershire. 
 
 Dauentree is 8 myles west from Northampton, & w/thin 2 myles of Warwick- 
 shire, in London way frow Coventree. 
 
 Braklcy standeth on tlie south end of tJie shyre, hard vppon Buckinghawshire, 
 vppon the head of tlte river Ouse, 4 myles west from Buckingham, & 6 south from 
 Towcester. 
 
 Tozucester standeth in London way, 10 m\'lcs southest from Dauentrie, and 6 
 south from Northampton. 
 
 Wellinghoroti) standeth vppon tlie river of Nine, 7 mj-les nortliest from 
 Northampton. 
 
 Higham Ferries standeth on tlie est syde of the said river of' Nine, 3 m}-les 
 northest from Wellingborow. 
 
 Thrapston standeth also on tJie est syde of tJie said river, 4 myles north from 
 Higham Ferries. 
 
 Kettering standeth in tlie middest of tlie shyre, 10 m3-lcs nortli from North- 
 ampton, & 5 west from Thrapston. 
 
 *Oundley is compassed almost round about w/th the said river of Nine, & is 5 »[ieaf 71.] 
 myles north northwest fro;« Thrapston, & 3 south from Fodringhay Castell. At 
 the College of Fodringhay are dyvers noblemen buried, as, namely, Edmund of 
 Langley, Duke of York ; Edward, Duke of York, his sonne, who was slaine at the 
 battaill of Azincourt ; Ric. D. of York, father to K. E. 4 ; and others. 
 
 Feterborozu standeth vppon the said river of Nine, in the northest corner of the 
 
 ' The word 0/ is repeated in the MS.
 
 32 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 shyre, & at tJio. meeting of Cambridgeshire, Huntingtonshire, & Northamptonshire, 
 which river there devydeth it selfte into sundry branches, compassing & going 
 throwgh the lie of Ely; and is distant 9 myles northest from Oundley, 8 southest 
 ffrom Stamford, in Lincolneshire, & 4 north from Yaxley, in Huntingtonshire. It 
 was made a bishopprick by K. H. 8. 
 
 Forrests in Northamptonsliire. 
 
 Whitlewood Forrest, hard by Towcester, wherein standeth the Kings manor 
 place of Grafton. 
 
 Saucy Forrest, betwene Stonistretford & Northampton. 
 
 Rokingham Forrest, wherby standeth the CastcU of Rokingham, hard by 
 Rutland. 
 
 •[leafyi*.] *BUCKINGHAM SHYRE. 
 
 [Three Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XIII., Nos. 5 to 7.] 
 
 Bvckingliamshire stretcheth from tlio. Thamise till it come as farre as North- 
 ampton. It hath on tlie. est syde Bedfordshire, Hartfordshire, & Middlesex; on tlie. 
 south end it is devyded from Surrey & Barkshyre by the river of Thamise ; on the: 
 west syde it hath Oxfordshyre, & on tJie. northwest end Northamptonshyre. The 
 length is from the Thamise to the northend aboue 40 myles ; the breadth 14, 12, & in 
 some places but 8 myles. In which countrcy there is xj market townes and 185 
 parish churches. 
 
 *[leaf 72.] *[At the top of the page is the Coat of Arms of the town of Buckingham ; see Plate I.] 
 
 Bucl-iiighani standeth in the northwest corner of the shyre, vppon the river of 
 Ouse, w/thin 2 myles of Oxfordshyre, & w/thin 3 myles of Northamptonshire; which 
 river of Ouse springeth not farr from Brackley, in Northamptonshire, and passeth 
 throwgh Buckinghamshire to Buckingham, Stonistretford, Newport Panell, & (Dulney; 
 throwgh Bedfordshire to Bedford; through Huntingtonshire to St. Needs, Huntington, 
 
 6 St. Tyues ; through Cambrigeshire to Ely ; through Norfolk to Downeham & Linn, 
 where not farr of it falleth into the Washes. 
 
 Stonystretford standeth on tlie est syde of tlie said river of Ouse {which there 
 parteth Buckinghcrmshire from Northamptonshire), about 6 myles northest from 
 Buckingham, & as many from Towcester, in London way from Couentrie. 
 '[leaf 72/'.] *Ncioport Paganell (comonly called Newport Panell) standeth vppo;/ the said 
 
 river, 4 myles from Stonistretford. 
 
 Oitlney standeth also vppon the said river, in the furthermost corner of the shjTe, 
 5 myles north from Newport Panell, & halff way betwene Northampton & Bedford, 
 
 7 myles from ech. 
 
 IVii/slozv is 6 myles southest from Buckingham. 
 
 Iiiingo standeth on the est syde of the shyre, w/thin a myle of Hartfordshire, 4 
 myles southwest from Dunstable, in Bedfordshire, & 3 north from Tring, in Hartford- 
 shire. Foure myles southest from Ivingo is the Kings howse called Ashridge, but (as I 
 thinck) part of the towne standeth in Hartfordshire. 
 
 Alesbury standeth in the middest of the shire, vppon the head of the river of 
 Tame, 6 myles from the towne of Tame, & as many from luingo. Here the Sessions 
 are comonly kept. 
 
 Agviiiiidshain (comonly called Ainershaiii) is 10 myles southest from Alesbury. 
 
 Wickatn (comonly called High Wickaiit, for diffrence of West Wickatii, not farr 
 of) standeth vppon the head of a small brook, which falleth into the Thamise at 
 Hedsor, and is 4 myles southwest from Amersham. 
 *[leaf73.] *Beaconfeld is 4 myles southest from Wickam, & as many south from 
 
 Amersham, ffor these 3 townes do stand in triangle, and betwene them is a village 
 called Pen, hard by which lyeth a peece of Hartfordshire of 2 myles long, & one 
 mile brode, & all enclosed w?'thin Buckinghamshire. 
 
 Colbroke standeth in the south corner of the shyre, vppon the river Coll, 3 myles 
 from Windsor, 3 from Stanes, & 16 west from London.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 33 
 
 Forrcsts in Btickhighamshire. 
 Bernvvood Forrest, on tJiz west syde. Whaddon Chase, by Fennystretford. 
 
 ♦OXFORDSHIRE. '[leaf 73/'] 
 
 [Two Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XI., Nos. 13 and 14.] 
 
 Next to Buckinghamshire on th& west lyeth Oxfordshire, which is in proportion 
 much lyke a shoukier of mutton, ffor it is 30 myles brode at tlm west end, and ///e 
 further it goeth toward tlt& southest the narrower it is ; so tJia\. in some places it is 
 but 10, 8, 6, or 4 myles brode, and //■e longest length is from tli<t southest to the 
 northwest, which is from the Thamise at Reding till it come 5 myles beyonde 
 Banbur}', which is about 40 myles ; and hath Buckinghamshire on //-e est, Barkshire 
 on the. south (from ///e w/«'ch it is seperated by the river of Thamise), on tint west 
 Glocestershire & Warwikshire, & hath Northamptonshyre on the northest corner. 
 In which countrey (besydes the cittie & Vniucrsity of Oxford) there is 9 market 
 townes, and 208 parish churches. 
 
 * [View of Oxford at top : see Plate XXIV.] '[leaf 74.) 
 
 Oxford is a brave cittie, walled about rounde, much lyke vnto Canterbury, and 
 a florishing Vniucrsj-tic of all kind of learning, standing on tlie south syde of the 
 shyre, where the river of Cherwcll fallcth into the Thamise. 
 
 * Whitney is 8 mj-les west from Oxford, and standeth vppon a small river named '[leaf 74/'.] 
 Windrush, which at Newbridge, 4 m)-les thence, falleth into the Thamise. 
 
 Biirford standeth vppon tlie same river, 5 myles west from Whitney, and w/thin 
 2 myles of Glocestershire. 
 
 Woodstock is 6 myles northwest from Oxford, where there is a roiall manor & 
 park belonging to tlie King. 
 
 Chipping-Norton is 7 myles northwest from Woodstock, & 5 est from Stow on 
 the. W^ould, which is in Glocestershire. 
 
 Banbury is 12 myles north from Woodstock, and standeth on tlie north corner 
 of Oxfordshyre, vppon the river of Cherwell, that there parteth it fro;« North^mptow- 
 shire ; which river ronneth throwgh the middest of Oxfordshire, & falleth into tlie 
 Thamise at Oxford. At this towne are excellent good cheeses made, but I did never 
 see any thick ynowgh. 
 
 Burcester (comonly called Bicitcr) standeth on the est syde of the countrey, 
 12 myles southest from Banbury, 6 southwest from Buckingham, and w/thin 3 myles 
 of Buckinghamshire. 
 
 *Tame toucheth on Buckinghamshire, & is 10 myles southest from Biciter, & *['^=if75-l 
 as many est northest frow Oxford, and standeth vppon tlie river of Tame, tlia\ 
 falleth into the Ise at Dorchester, 7 myles beneath Oxford, and there causeth the 
 name of Thamise. Which Dorchester was in tymes past a proper towne, & a 
 Bishopprick, vntill it was translated from thence to Lincolne. 
 
 W(Xtlington is 6 myles south from Tame, and as many northest from Dorchester. 
 
 Henley standeth vppon the Thamise, 7 myles southest from Watlington, & 5 
 north from Reding. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 There is but one forrest in Oxfordshire, which is called Wichwood Forrest, 
 lying betwene Woodstock & Burford. 
 
 [leaf 75^. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Gloucester : see Plate XV.]
 
 34 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 -[leaf 76.] *GLOCESTERSHYRE. 
 
 Gloccstcrshire taketh name of ///c cittie of Glocestcr, and contayncth in length, 
 from Bristow in tliQ south end till it come w/'thin a myle of Stretford vppon Auon, in 
 Warwikshire, which is about 46 myles ; and ///e breadth, from Lechlade in the est 
 to Monmouth in Wales, is about 34 myles. It hath Warwikshire on ///e north end, 
 Oxfordshyre & a litle peece of Barkshire on tliQ est, Wiltshire on tJi^ southest, 
 Monmouthshyre & Herefordshire on tli(t west, & Worcestershire on the northwest. 
 In which countrey (besydcs the two citties of Bristow & Glocester) there is 21 market 
 townes, & 314 parish churches, of which nombcr 3 market townes & 48 parish 
 churches do stand on the west syde of the river of Seuern. 
 ^ [leaf 76*.] *G/oa-sfer is a famous cittie, standing vppon fhc said river of Seuerne, called in 
 
 Brittish Caerglow, and was founded by Claudius the Emprour, as some wryte, who 
 named it Claudia Cestria. 
 
 [The lower part of the page contains a Coat of Arms : see Plate XIV., No. 2.] 
 [leaf 77<!. contains a View of Bristol ; see Plate XXV.] 
 
 '[leaf 77/'.] *Bristow is one of ///e greatest & famoust citties in England, and standeth vppon 
 
 ///e river of Auon, which 4 myles thence falleth into the Severn ; over which river 
 there is a fayre bridge of stone, with, houses on cch syde lyke London Bridge, & 
 almost halfif so long, although it have but 4 arches; so that one quarter of the cittie 
 standeth in Somersetshire ; but the BristoUians will be a sh)Te of them selves, & not 
 accompted in any other shyre. In the est end of the cittie is the castell, which they 
 confess to stand in Glocestershyre. There is no dunghill in all the cittie, nor any 
 sinck that cometh from any howse, but all convaid vnder the ground ; neither vse 
 they any cartes in their streetes, but all sleades. There is in the cittie 20 ffayre 
 churches, wherof 18 are parish churches. 
 
 Chiltcniiam standeth by Glocester Marsh, 6 myles northest from Glocester. 
 '[leaf 78.] *Tnuksbiiiy is a proper towne standing 7 myles north from Glocester, where the 
 
 river of Auon {which cometh fro;« Warwik) falleth into the Seuern, hard vppon 
 Worcestershyre, and was founded by Robert Fitzhamon, Erie of Glocester, who is 
 there buried, & dyvers other noblemen & princes, as Henry, Duke of Warwik, 
 an°. 1446 ; Edward, Prince of Wales, an°. 147 1, sonne to K. H. 6 ; George, Duke of 
 Clarence ; Edward, L. Spencer ; John, L. Wenlock, & others. 
 
 Winclicouib is 6 myles est from Tewksbury, & 4 northest from Chiltenliam, and 
 a mj'le thence is a great park wherein Sudeley Castell standeth. 
 
 Caiupdcn is 6 m}-Ies northest from Winchcomb, & 5 southest from Euesholme in 
 Worcestershire. 
 
 Stow on the Would standeth on tJie est syde of Glocestershire, w/thin 2 myles 
 of Oxfordshire, 7 myles from Campden, & as many from Winchcomb. 
 
 Lecli (comonly called North Lech) standeth on the head of a small river named 
 Lech, which falleth into the Thamise at Lechlade, and is 6 myles south from Stow 
 on the Wold, & as many west from Burford in Oxfordshire. 
 *[Ieaf78^.] *LccIilade standeth vppon tlie Thamise, which there partcth Glocestershire 
 
 from a corner of Barkshire, w/thin halff a mj'le of Oxfordshire, & w/thin a myle of 
 Wiltshire, 8 myles southest from Northlech. 
 
 Cirencester (comonly called Ciciter) standeth v^ppon the river of Churn, which 
 is the princii)allest head that the Thamise hath, & springeth in Coteswold, out of 
 Cobbcrley Toole, 6 myles est from Glocester. It is 8 myles directly west from 
 Lechlade, & was in tymes past a goodly cittie, beffore Glocester was builded. 
 
 Stroud standeth on the south .syde of Coteswold Playn, vppon the r'wer of 
 Stroud, which springeth in the said playne, & falleth into the Seuern 5 myles beneath 
 Glocester, distant 8 myles west from Ciciter, & 7 southest from Glocester. 
 
 Miiicliin Hampton is 2 myles southest from Stroud. 
 
 Tetbury is 4 myles southest from Minchin Hampton, hard by Wiltshire.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 35 
 
 Durslcy is 6 mj-lcs west from Tetburj', and standcth on a small brook named 
 Cam, which 4 myles thence falleth into the Seuern. 
 
 *Wotton vnder Hedge is 3 litle' myles' directly south from Dursley. *[leaf79.] 
 
 Wekezijar is 3 myles south southest from W'otton. Betwcne this towne & 
 Wotton, lyeth a whole parish of Wiltshire called Kingswood. 
 
 Cltippiiig-Sodbiiry is 3 myles southest fro;« W'ekew^ar. 
 
 Mars/eld standcth w/thin a myle of \Viltshire, w/thin 2 myles of Somersetshire, 
 10 mj-les from Bristow, in the way to London, & 5 southest from Chipping- 
 Sodbur)-. 
 
 Tliornbury is 9 myles northwards from Bristow, & w/thin 2 myles of tliQ Seuerne, 
 where there is a ffayre howse belonging to tlta L. Barkle}\ 
 
 Barkky is a proper litle towne & castell, which gevcth name to ///e L. Barkley, 
 and standcth 5 myles north from Thornbur}-, vppon a small river, w/thin a myle of 
 the Seuern. Now I have named all ///e market townes in Glocestershire which ly on 
 this syde tlit. Seuern, I will pass over to those 3 which lye beyond the said -river. 
 
 * Ncivnhavi standcth vppon tlie Seuern, 6 myles beneath Glocester, on the. south »[leaf 79*.! 
 syde of Deane Forrest. 
 
 Dcane (comonly called Great Deane, for diffrence oi Litle Deaiic, 2 myles thence), 
 standcth on the other syde of the Forrest of Deane, whereof it taketh name, & 
 is 4 myles northwest from Newnham, w/thin a myle of Herefordshyre. 
 
 Netveiit is 4 m\-les north from Dean, w/thin a myle of Herefordshire, & w/thin 
 2 myles of Worcestershire. 
 
 Forrests in Glocestershire. 
 
 The Forrest of Dean reacheth from Chepstow till it come w/thin 3 myles of 
 Tewkesbury, which is 20 myles. 
 
 Kingswood Forrest is hard b\' Bristow. 
 
 Glocestershire hath 2 parishes h'ing in W^arwikshyre, & two in Oxfordshyre. 
 And for the same it hath Ij'ing w/thin it 4 peces of Worcestershyre, 2 of Wiltshyre, 
 & one of Barkshyre. 
 
 *HEREFORDSHYRE. "[leaf 80.] 
 
 [The upper part of the page contains 4 Co.its of Arms : see Plate XI., Nos. 6 to 9.] 
 
 Herefordshire is in a maner round, & about 24 myles over ech way. It hath Wor- 
 cestershyre on the northest, Glocestershyre on the southest, Monmouthshyre on the 
 south, Brcknockshyre on the sowthwest, Radnorsh)'re on the west, & Shropshyre on 
 the north. In which countrey (besydes the cittie of Hereford) there is 7 market 
 townes, & about 20S parish churches. 
 
 * [At the top of the page is the Coat of .\rms of the city of Hereford : see Plate I.] *[leaf %obl\ 
 
 Hereford is the cittie which geveth name to the whole countrey, and standeth 
 almost in the middest of the shyre, vppo« the river of Wy, 21 myles from Glocester, 
 which river springeth at the same hill tltat the Seuern doth, and passeth throwgh a 
 peece of Montgomoryshs-re & a pece of Radnorshyre, & after, parteth Radnorshire 
 from Brecknockshire, vntill it enter into Herefordshyre. Three myles beneath Hereford 
 it rcccavcth in the river of Lug (to be described when I come to Lemster), and then 
 torning towards the south, cometh to Ross, & from thence to Monmouth, where it 
 taketh in the river of Monmow, and so becometh a limit betwene Monmouthshire and 
 Glocestershire, vntill it fall into the Seuern, which is 2 myles beneath Chepstow. 
 
 * I'Vebley is 8 myles northwest from Hereford. *[leaf 81.] 
 
 Kineton is 6 myles west northwest from Webblc\-, & w/thin a myle of Radnorshyre. 
 
 Pcinbridge standeth on a small river named Arro, which falleth into the Lug, a 
 myle beneath Lemster, and is 5 myles cstwards from Kineton, and 4 northwest from 
 Web ley. 
 
 Lemster is 5 myles northest from Pembridge, and standeth vppon the river of 
 
 ' The word lille is spelt " lihtle," and the word my Us is repeated in the MS.
 
 36 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 ♦[leafSi/Al 
 
 Lug, w/iich springeth in Radnorshire & passeth west to Prestaine, after roning throwgh 
 Herefordshire, cometh to Lemster, & about 12 myles southest from thence falleth into 
 the. Wy, 3 myles beneath Hereford. 
 
 Bramyai-d is 8 myles est from Lemster, and w/thin 3 myles of Worcestershyre, 
 vppon a small river named Frome, which falleth into tJic Lug. 
 
 Lidbury standcth vppon a small river named Lidden, which falleth into the 
 Seuern over against Glocester, & is 8 myles southest from Bramyard, w/thin 2 myles 
 of Glocestershyre, & w/thin 3 myles of Maluern-Hills. 
 
 *Ross standeth on the est side of the river of Wy, 9 myles southest from Hereford ; 
 and over against it is Wilton Castell, wherof the L. Gray of Wilton taketh name. 
 
 Forrcsts. 
 
 Haywood Forrest, by Hereford. 
 
 Derefold Forrest, in the northwest corner of the shyre. 
 
 Bringwood Chase reacheth w/thin a myle of Ludlow, in Shropshyre. 
 
 Hereford. 
 
 Wigmore. 
 
 Castell Frome. 
 
 Wilton. 
 
 Peniyard. 
 
 Goodridge 
 
 Pembridge. 
 
 Castflls. 
 
 Kilpeck. 
 
 Harleswas. 
 
 The Old Towne. 
 
 Snowdell. 
 
 Dorston. 
 
 Bredwardin. 
 
 Clifford. 
 
 Huntington. 
 Lenalls. 
 
 Steplcton. 
 
 Croft. 
 
 Richards Castell 
 
 Branton-Brian. 
 
 Branhill. 
 
 *[ieaf82.] * WORCESTERSHYRE. 
 
 [Five Coats of Arms at top : see Plate IX., Nos. 5 to 12.] 
 
 Worcestershire hath Warwikshire on the est, Glocestershyre on the south, Here- 
 fordshire on tlie west, Shropshyre & Staffordshyre on the north. The length is, from 
 Tewksbury in tJie south to Sturbridge in the north, about 25 myles ; the breadth at 
 tJie south end is 16 myles, but at the north end it is as broad as it is long, which is 
 25 myles. In which countrey (besydes the cittie of Worcester) there is 9 market 
 townes, & about 172 parish churches, of which nomber 2 market townes & 54 parish 
 churches do stand on the further syde of Seuerne. 
 
 *[leaf 82^.] * [The Coat of Arms of the city of Worcester is at the top of the page : see Plate I.] 
 
 Winxcstcr, called in Latin Vigoniia, in British Ciicrfrangoii, is an ancient cittie, 
 standing vpi)on the Seuern, & almost in the middcst of the shyre. 
 
 Droiticich (comonly called Diirtwich) is 5 wzyles northest from Worcester, & 
 standeth vppon a small river named Salwarp, which 3 myles above Worcester falleth 
 into the Seuern. At this towne is great store of whyte salt made, 
 •[leaf 83.] *Beaudelcaii (comonly called Bcu'dley) standeth on the west syde of Seuern, w/thin 
 
 a myle of Shropshyre, & w/thin 2 myles of Staffordshyre, 10 myles north northwest 
 frow Worcester. 
 
 Kcdcrinistcr is 2 myles est northest from Bewdley, and standeth vppon tlie river 
 of Stoure, which 3 myles thence falleth into the Seuern. 
 
 Sturbridge standeth vppon tlie said river of Stour, w///ch there parteth Wor- 
 cestershire from Staffordshire, 5 myles northest from Kedermister. 
 
 Bromesgrmie standeth on the head of the river of Salwarp beffore named, 5 myles 
 northest from Durtwich. 
 
 EncsJiobn (comonly called Eiishatn) standeth vppo;/ the river of Auon, 12 myles 
 southest from Worcester, w/thin 2 myles of Glocestershyre. Betwene this towne & 
 Campdcn, in Glocestershire {which is 4 myles), lyeth the Vale of Euesholm ; but it is 
 most part in Glocestershyre. 
 
 Pcrshore standeth vppon the said river of Auon, 4 myles west from Eucsholme.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 37 
 
 Vpton standeth on th(t west syde of tJiQ Scuerne, 7 myles beneath Worcester, 
 and 5 myles from Tewksbury, in Glocestershyre. 
 
 *Shipton standeth in a peece of Worcestershire, which is compassed round about *[leaf 83,5.] 
 w/th Warwikshire, which pece is north & south 8 myles long, but in some places not 
 passing a myle brode, & in no place above 2 myles brode ; wherein (beside Shipton) 
 there is 3 parish churches, w/th certain villages, & gentlemens howses. This towne 
 is 10 myles est from Euesholme, & standeth vppow a small river named Stoure, 
 wliidi falleth into tlic Auon, a myle beneath Stretford vppon Auon. 
 
 Worcestershire hath 4 other peeces lying in Glocestershyre (as beffore hath byn 
 declard), & one pece in Staffordshyre ; and it hath w/thin it one peece of Staf- 
 fordshyre, & another peece of Herefordshire. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Fecknam Forrest, on tht. est syde of Countrey, which taketh name of Fecknam 
 hard b)-. 
 
 Wyre Forrest, by Bewdley, is halff in Shropshyre. 
 
 Maluern Hills do part Worcestershire from Herefordshyre, but are most part 
 in Worcestershyre, taking name of Great Maluern & Litle Maluern, hard by. 
 
 [leaf 84a. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Warwick : see Plate VI.] 
 
 *WARWIKSHYRE. *[ieaf84^.] 
 
 Waituickshire hath Leicestershire on the est, Northamptonshire on the southest, 
 Oxfordshyre on the south, Glocestershyre on the southwest, Worcestershyre on the 
 west, & Staffordshyre on the northwest. The length from the north to the south is 
 34 myles : the breadth 20 myles, in some places more, & in some less. In which 
 countrey (besydes the cittie of Couentrie) there is 12 market townes, & about 209 
 parish churches. 
 
 [At the lower part of the page is the Coat of Arms of the town of Warwick : see Plate I.] 
 
 * Wariuick was first founded by Guithcling K. of Brittains, and after, by Gwar (the '[leaf 85.] 
 first Erie therof) named Ccergvvar, & after Gwarwik. It is an ancient towne & castell, 
 standing vppon the river of Auon, which springeth in Northamtonshyre, & for the 
 space of 4 myles is a limite betwene the same & Lecestershyre, and after entring 
 into Warwikshyre, passeth westwards to Rugby, Wolston, Roiton, & Stonley, and 
 then torneth sowethwest to Warwik, Stretford vppon Auon, Binton, and Bitford, and 
 after entring throwgh Worcestershj're, by Euesholme, & Pershore, receving sundry 
 ryvers by the way, falleth into the Seuern at Tewksbury. 
 
 [The remainder of the page is occupied with a Coat of Arms : see Plate VIII., No. 4.] 
 
 * [View of Coventry at top : see Plate XXVI] *rieaf isl>.^ 
 
 Couentrie is one of the bravest citties in England, and standeth in the middest 
 of the realme, being well walled about : distant 8 myles north northest from Warwick, 
 and as many southest from Colshill. Halff way betwene Couentrie & Warwik ys 
 the famous castell of Kenelmwerth, or Kenelwcrth, comonly called Killingworth, 
 wihich belongeth to the Erie of Lecester. 
 
 *R!igb}' is 10 myles southest from Couentrie, & 3 north from Dunchurch, w/thin *[IeafS6.j 
 2 myles of Lecestershyre, and lyke distance from Northamptonshyre. 
 
 Soiitliam is 7 myles southwest from Rugby, & as many southest from Warwik. 
 
 Kinctoii is 7 myles southwest from Southam, & as many south from Warwick. 
 
 Stretford standeth vppon tlie Auon, 7 myles southwest from Warwik, & 6 north- 
 west from Kineton, w/thin a myle of Glocestershyre. 
 
 ^«/r^j-/fr standeth vppon a river named Arow, which 3 myles south from thence 
 falleth into the Auon, distant 7 myles west from Stretford, & as many north fro;« 
 Evesholm, and w/thin 2 myles of Worcestershyre 
 
 Heithy is 5 myles northest from Aulcester, & 6 west from Warwik, vppon a 
 small river, -which falleth into the Arow, at Aulcester.
 
 38 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 SoHJiiiU is 7 myles north from Henley, & 8 west fro;;/ Couentry. 
 
 Cohhill is 5 m}-Ies nortli northest from Soliiiull, & 8 northwest from Coventrie, and 
 standetli not farr from a small river, named Col, which a mylc north from thence 
 falleth into tli& Tame, which ronneth to Tamworth. 
 *[leaf86i''.] *Bromicham (comonly called BermicJiavi) is a proper;' towne, w/th a high spyre 
 
 steple, where great store of knyves are made, fifor allmost all tliit townes men are 
 cutlers, or smithes. It standeth in tJi& northwest corner of Warwikshyre, w/thin a 
 myle of Staffordshyre, in tlic way from Shrewsbury to London. 
 
 Atlierston standeth vppon //;e river of Anker, which there partcth Warwikshyre 
 from Lecestershyre, 8 myles northest from Colshill, & as many north from Couentrie ; 
 which river falleth into the Tame at Tamworth. 
 
 Nitneaton standeth vppon //;e head of iliQ said river of Anker, 3 myles south 
 from Atherston. 
 
 *[ieafS7.] *LEICESTERSHYRE. 
 
 [Five Coats of Aims at top : see Plate V., Nos. 12 to 16.] 
 
 Next to Warwikshyre on ///e est lyeth Lecestershire, which hath on tli(t est 
 Lincolnshyre, on tlm southest corner Rutland, on the south Northamptonshyre, on 
 the west Warwikshyre, and on the north hath Darbyshyre & Nottinghamshire. The 
 length therof is from tlie est to th& west 25 myles, and the breadth is about 20 myles. 
 In which countrey (besydes Lecester) there is nyne market townes & 244 parish 
 churches, besydes villages, gentlemens howses, & castells. 
 
 "[leaf 87/'.] * [At the top of the page is the Coat of Arms of the city of Leicester : see Pl.ate 11.] 
 
 Leicester is an ancient cittie, standing almost in the middest of tlic shyre, vppon 
 tilt river of Soure, which springeth 4 myles north of Lutterworth, keping his course 
 northest to Lecester, Belgraue, & Cussington, where it meeteth w/th a great river 
 coming from the est named Wreak, & then torneth northwrt/'ds to Mount Sorell, & 
 Loughborow, & 4 myles thence falleth into the Trent. 
 
 Harboroio standeth on the head of tite river Welland, which there parteth 
 Lecestershyre from Northamptonshyre, distant 12 myles south southest from Leicester. 
 
 Luttcrivorth is 9 myles west northwest from Harborow, w/thin a myle of Warwik- 
 shyre, and standeth on a small river which meeteth w/th the Auon at Rugby. 
 '[leafSS.] Hinckley standeth w/thin a myle of Warwikshyre, 8 myles northwest from 
 
 Lutterworth, & 7 west southwest fro;;/ Leicester. 
 
 Bosicortli is 4 myles northest from Hinckley, & 7 west northwest from Leicester. 
 
 Asliby dc la Zoucli standeth w/thin a myle of Darbyshirc, 7 myles north from 
 Bosworth. 
 
 Louglibonnv standeth not farr from the river of Soure, 9 myles est from Ashby 
 de la Zouch, & w/thin a myle of Nottinghamshire. 
 
 Moimt-Sorell standeth on a hill not farr from the said river, 4 myles south from 
 Loughborow, & 5 north froin Lecester. 
 
 Mcltoii-Mo'ii.ibray standeth vppon tlie river of Wreak, 8 myles est from Mount 
 Sorrell, w/thin 3 myles of Rutland. 
 
 Waltham on the Would is 3 myles northest from Melton, & w/thin 4 myles of 
 Lincolnshyre. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Lecester Forrest, by Lecester, on the west syde. 
 Charnwood Forrest, west of Mount Sorell. 
 
 •[leafSS^.] *RUTLAND. 
 
 [Coats of Arms of Earls of Rutland at the top : see Plate XVI., Nos. 8 to 10.] 
 
 Rvtland ys the least shyre in England. It is 3 cornerd, & every corner is 10 
 myles. On the west it hath Lecestershyre, on the northest Lincolnshire, & on the
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 39 
 
 southcst Northamptonshyre, from the which it is devyded by the river of Welland. 
 In which countrcy I ffynd to be 2 market townes, and 48 parish churches. 
 
 *Okcham ys the shyre towne of Rutland, and standeth on the west syde of the *[leaf S9.] 
 countrey, w/thin 3 myles of Lecestershyre ; and on the est syde therof lyeth the Vale 
 of Catmouse. 
 
 Vppingliam ys 5 myles south from Okeham, w/thin 3 mylcs of Lecestershyre, & 
 as nigh to Northamptonshyre. 
 
 Forrest. 
 
 Lyfcld Forrest lyeth betwene Okeham & Vppingham. 
 
 [leaf 89^. contains Coats of .\rms of Earls of Lincoln : see Plate IX.] 
 
 *LINCOLNSHIRE. *P^^f 9o.l 
 
 Lincolnshire is one of ///e greatest shyres in England, and contayneth in length, 
 ffrom Stamford in tli& south vnto tJiQ river of Humber, over against Hull, 55 myles. 
 The breadth in tli& middest is 32 myles, on tliQ southend it is 28 myles brode, and on 
 the. north end 20. On the est syde it is environed w/th tli& mean sea ; on tlie. 
 south it toucheth vppon Norfolk, Cambridgeshyre, Northamptowshyre, Rutland & 
 Leicestershyre ; on the northwest & north Yorkshyre. It is devyded into 3 partes, 
 namely, Lindsey, Kesteuen, & Holland. In Lindsey (besydes the cittie of Lincolne) 
 there is 16 market townes, & 354 parish churches. In Kesteuen are 7 market townes 
 & 155 parish churches. In Holland are 5 market townes & 33 parish churches. So 
 that there is in all 28 market townes and 542 parish churches. Which market townes 
 I will name in order as they do ly, & w/th every province apart, begining first 
 w/th the province of Lindsey. 
 
 * [The Coat of Arms of the city of Lincoln is at the upper part of the page : see Plate II.] *[leaf 90^.] 
 
 Lincolne is one of tlie greatest citties in England, and standeth in the prouince 
 of Lindse)', vppon tlie river Witham, which springcth w/thin a myle of Rutland, at 
 South With^rm, & so passeth to North W'ith^m, Granthain, Beckingham, & Lincolne, 
 and here it dcvydeth Lindsey from Kesteuen, ffrom whence there [is] a dych digged Lindsey. 
 to tlie Trent, called Fosdich, about 8 myles long ; ffrom Lincoln it kepeth his course 
 estvvards to Tatershall, where it receaveth in a river named Bane, and then passeth 
 throwgh the Fennes to Boston ; and about 4 myles thence falleth into tlie sea. 
 
 *Ganesboro%o standeth vppon the river of Trent, which in that place parteth *[ieaf9i.] 
 Lincolnshire from Nottinghamshyre, about 12 mylcs northwest from Lincolne. 
 
 Markct-Rasin standeth in the middest of Lindsey, about 14 myles est from 
 Ganesborow, 10 northest from Lincolne, and vppon tite head of tlie river of Ankolm, 
 or Ankam, which roning from thence to Newsted, Glandford-Bridge, & Horstow, 
 falleth into the Humber. 
 
 Castor is 6 myles north from Market Rasin. 
 
 Kirton, in Lindsey, is 8 myles west from Castor, and as many northest from 
 Ganesborow. 
 
 Glandford-Bridge standeth vppon tlie Ankam, 6 myles northest from Kirton, & 
 as man}' northwest from Castor. 
 
 Burton standeth vppon tlie Trent, 7 myles northwest from Glandford Bridge, & 
 w/thin 3 myles of the Humber. Over against Burton is the Isle of Axholme, which 
 is 10 myles ' & 5 brode, and belongeth all to Lincolneshyre. 
 
 Liinberg (comonly called Great Liniberg, for diffrence of Litle Liinberg hard by), 
 is 8 myles south southest from Barton, & 6 est from Glandford Bridge. 
 
 Barton standeth vppon tlie Humber, almost right against Hull, 8 myles northest 
 from ]?arton, & 2 est from the mouth of the Ankolm. 
 
 * Grimsby standeth on the Humber syde over against the Spurnhead, 7 myles est *[ieaf 91.5.] 
 from Limberg. 
 
 Saltjlcte standeth on the sea syde, 10 myles southest from Grimsby. 
 
 Lou/th is 6 myles southwest from Saltfleet. 
 
 ' Thus in the MS.
 
 40 WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 Alford'is 9 myles southest from Louth, & 5 from ///e sea. 
 
 Wainficte is 8 myles south southest from Alford, and standeth in tJi<t est Fenn, 
 3 myles from the. sea. 
 
 Spilsby is 6 myles westward from Wainfleet, and w/thin 3 myles of Bollinbrok 
 Castell. 
 
 Horncastlc standeth vppon a small river named Bane, which falleth into the 
 Witham beneath Tatershall, & is 7 myles westwards from Spilsby. 
 
 Tatersliall standeth vppon //^e said river, -which a myle from thence falleth into 
 the Witham ; and is 6 myles south from Horncastell. 
 
 Now I have named all the townes in Lindsey, I will proceed w/th them in 
 Kesteuen, which is in the south part of Lincolnshyre. 
 
 *[Ieaf92.] *Beckinghaiii standeth vppon the river of Witham, 10 myles southwards from 
 
 Lincolne. 
 
 Grantliani standeth also vppon the said river, 20 myles directly south from 
 Lincolne, and hath a high spyre steple, which (now Paules Steple is downe) is counted 
 for the highest steple in England. 
 
 Slcford is 10 myles northest from Grantham, & lyke distance from Tatershall, 
 halff way betwene both. 
 
 Fokinghani is 6 myles south from Sleford, & 8 est from Grantham. 
 
 Borne is 8 myles south from Fokingham. 
 
 ]\Iarket-Dt'piiig is 5 myles south from Borne, 5 west from Crowland, & 5 est from 
 Stamford, and standeth vppon the river of Welland, which there parteth Lincolnshire 
 fro;« North(rmpto;/shire. 
 
 Stamford, a brave walled towne, great & ancient, standeth vppon the said river 
 of Welland, 5 myles west from Market-Deping, hard vppon Rutland, & part of the 
 towne standeth in Northamptonshyre. 
 
 Now remayncth the 5 market townes in Holland, whose names do follow. 
 
 •[leaf 92/'.] * Boston, a walled towne, standeth vppon the river of Witham, 9 m}'les from 
 
 Tatershall, and 4 myles the sea,' and is one of the principallest townes in 
 Lincolnshyre. 
 
 Diinington is 2 m}-les southwest frow Boston, 7 estwards from Fokingham, & as 
 many from the Washes, which ly betwene Lincolnshyre & Norfolk. 
 
 Spalding standeth vppow the river of Welland, 7 myles south from Dunington, & 
 w/thin 4 myles of the Washes. 
 
 Oitaplode standeth vppon a salt creek, 4 myles est northest from Spalding, & 2 
 from the Washes. 
 
 Crotvland is 7 myles south from Spalding, 5 est from Market-Deping, and 
 standeth not farr from the river of Welland, which there parteth it selff into two 
 partes, over the which is a wunderfull stone bridge, of one only arch. 
 
 *[leaf93] *NOTTINGHAMSHYRE. 
 
 [Coats of Anns of Earls of Nottingham at top : see Plate XVI.] 
 
 NottingJianisJiire hath Lincolnshyre on the est, Lccestershyre on the south, 
 Darbyshyre on tlie west, and Yorkshyre on tlie north. The length therof is from the 
 north to tlie south 35 myles: the breadth in the middest is 20 myles, but at ech 
 end it is somwhat narrower. In it are 9 market towne.s, and 200 parish churches, of 
 which nomber 72 do stand on this syde the Trent. 
 
 *[leaf 93^.] * [At the top of the page is the Coat of Arms of the town of Nottingham : see Plate II.] 
 
 Nottingham is a brave towne & castell, standing vppon a small river named 
 Lyne, which not farr of falleth into the Trent, distant 10 myles est from Darby, & 
 12 southwest from Newark vppon Trent. 
 
 Maunsfeld standeth on the west syde of tlie shyre w/thin 3 myles of Darbyshyre, 
 
 & 12 from Nottingham. 
 
 ' Thus in the MS.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 4 1 
 
 *]Varsop standcth also w/thin 2 mj-lcs of Darbyshyre, & 4 mj-Ics north from *[ieaf 94.] 
 Maunsfeld. 
 
 Worksopp standcth also \v/thin 3 mylcs of Darbj'shyre, & lyke distance from 
 Yorkshyre, 4 myles north from Warsop. 
 
 Blith is 4 myles north from Worksop, & 3 south from Beautrce in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Retford standeth vppon a small river named Iddle, wliidi ronneth from thence to 
 Beautrec in Yorkshyre, & after meeteth w/th a peece of the Trent, & maketh the Isle 
 of Axholme. It is 4 myles southest from Blith. 
 
 Litlebiirgli standeth vppon tli& Trent, which there parteth Nottinghamshyre from 
 Lincolnshyre, 5 myles est fro;« Retford, & as many south from Ganesborow in 
 Lincolnshire. 
 
 Newark standeth on thz est syde of the. Trent, 14 m)-les south from Litleburg, & 
 4 from Beckingham in Lincolnshyre. 
 
 Stithwell is 5 myles west from Newark, & 9 northest from Nottingham. 
 
 The Forrest of Sherwood lyeth in th& middest of Nottinghamshyre. 
 
 [leaf 49^. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Derby : see Plate XIV.] 
 
 *DARBY SHIRE. *i\t^ir:>-\ 
 
 DarbisJiire hath Nottinghamshyre on ///e est, Lecestershire on th^ southest, 
 Staffordshire and Cheshire on the west, and Yorkshyre on ///e north. The length 
 therof, from the north to tli& south, is 40 myles on the north end. It is nere 30 
 myles brode, in th& middest 15, and at the south end (especilly that part which lyeth 
 south of the Trent) not passing 6 myles brode. In which countrey I fifynd to be 8 
 market townes, & about 159 parish churches, besydes villages, gentlemens howses, & 
 castells. Of which parish churches, iS are on the south of Trent. 
 
 * Darby is a proper towne, w/th 5 parish churches in it, but is not walled, nor hath *[leaf 95*.] 
 any castell ; and standeth on tlie southest of the shyre, 10 myles west fro;« Nottingham, 
 vppon the river of Darwen, which springeth in the north part of the said countrey, not 
 farr from the wood head in the Peak Hills, and kepeth his course southest to New- 
 chapell, Darwenchapell, Padley, & Rousley, where it taketh in a river named \Vy, 
 which cometh from Buxton Well, & so passeth to Darley, Darley Hall, Matlock, 
 Wistanwelbridge, & two m\^les thence taketh in a river on the est syde named Amber, 
 and at Dunsfeld another, of the west syde, named Ecclesborne, and the third at 
 Darby, ffrom whence, 6 m\des of, it falleth into the Trent. 
 
 Ashborne standeth on the west syde of the shyre, vppon a litle brooke, which a 
 myle thence falleth into the Doue, which river of Doue parteth Darbyshyre from 
 Staffordshyre all his course, which is from Maxfeld Forrest till it fall into the Trent, 
 which is 3 myles beneath Burton. This towne is 8 myles northwest from Darby. 
 
 *\Virks'i.vortIi is 5 myles northest from Ashborne, and standeth on tlie head of a *[ieaf96.] 
 small river named Ecclesborne, which falleth into the Darwen at Dunsfeld. 
 
 Bankii'cll (comonly called Bakeiveli) standeth in the Peak, vppon the x'wex Wy, 
 8 myles northwest from Wirksworth. 
 
 Tiddeswall (comonly called Tisdale) standeth also in tJte Peak, 5 m}-les northwest 
 from Bakewell. 
 
 The Chapell in tlie Firth (comonly called Chapell Frith) standeth also in the 
 Peak, 5 myles northwest frow Tisdale, vppon the head of a small river named Firth, 
 which 3 myles from thence falleth into the Goit, which river of Goit parteth Darby- 
 shyre from Cheshyre all his course. 
 
 Chestcrfeld is the greatest towne in Darb}'sh)-re next to Darby, and standeth 
 vppon the river of Rother, which falleth into tlie Don at Rotheram in Yorkshyre, and 
 is distant 16 myles directly, 8 south ffrom Sheaffeld, in Yorkshyre, & as' northwest 
 frow Maunsfeld, in Nottinghamshyre. 
 
 Alfreton is 7 myles south from Chestcrfeld, 10 north from Darby, & 3 northwest 
 from Codnor Castell, and standeth vppon the river of Amber. 
 
 " Thus in MS. 
 
 6
 
 42 WILLIAM SMITHS 
 
 *[leaf96*.] * Forrest s. 
 
 Peak Forrest, the only forrest in Darbyshyre. 
 CastcUs. 
 
 Melborn. 
 Graisley. 
 Castel in tliQ Peak. 
 
 Chatsworth, a goodly pallace 
 belonging to the Countess 
 of Shrewsbury. 
 
 Codnor. 
 
 Winfield Manor. 
 Boulsouer. 
 Horeston. 
 
 •[leaf 97'] *STAFFORDSHYRE. 
 
 [Two Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XIII., Nos. 3 and 4.] 
 
 Staffordshire hath Darbj'shyre on tJiQ northest, Warwikshyre on tha southest, 
 Worcestershire on the south, Shropshyre on ///e southwest, & Cheshire on ///e north- 
 west. The length therof is, from th(t Douehead in tliQ north to Areley vppon Seuern 
 in tha south.i about 42 myles. The breadth in the middest is 25 myles, but at both 
 endes it is sharpe lyke a mill pick. In which countrey (besydes Lichfeld) there is \2 
 market townes, 150 parish churches, & 26 chapells which may pass for parish 
 churches, so that there is in all 176, besides villages, gentlemens howses, and castells. 
 
 *rieaf g"/'.] *[Vievv of Stafford at top : see Plate XXVI.] 
 
 Stafford is a proper litle towne, walled about, standing in the middest of the 
 shyre, vppon the river of Sow, which falleth into the Trent 3 myles est from thence. 
 The castell standeth almost a myle from the towne. 
 
 [View of Lichfeld in centre of the page : see Plate XXVI.] 
 
 LicJifeld is a great cittie and an ancient bishopps seat, standing 12 myles southest 
 from Stafford, but vnwalled, all saving thu minster, wlddi minster was founded by 
 King John, 
 •[leaf 98.] *Taunuorth is 5 myles southest from Lichfeld, and standeth at th& confluence of 
 
 2 rivers. Tame, & Anker, wliich fyve myles north from thence do fall into the Trent. 
 The Castell & halfif th& towne standeth in Warwikshyre. 
 
 Walshall (comonly called Wassail) standeth on a hill, at the head of th& said 
 river of Tame, 9 myles west southwest frow Tamworth, 6 southwest frow Lichfeld, & 
 as many northwest from Bermicham. 
 
 Wuluerhampton standeth also vppon a hill, 5 myles westwards from Walshall. 
 
 Breiuood is 5 myles north northwest frow Wullerhamton, & 6 directly south 
 from Stafford. 
 
 Eccleshall is 6 myles northwest from Stafford, and hath a castell belonging to tht 
 Bishopp of Lichfeld. 
 
 Stone standeth on ///e Trent, 3 myles northest frow Eccleshall, and in the way 
 from Chester to London. 
 
 Neiv-castell (called Neweastcll viider Lyiie) is 6 myles northwest from Stone, & 
 w/thin 4 myles of Cheshyre. 
 
 Leeke standeth on the northcnd of /Z-e shyre, amongst ///e hilles, 8 myles northest 
 from Newcastell, & as many est ffrom Congleton, in Cheshire, vppon a river named 
 Churnet, w///ch 10 myles southest from thence falleth into the Doue. A mj'le north 
 from Leek, on tlic said river, was Delacress Abba)-. 
 •[leafgSiJ.] * Vttoxiter {comowXy called Vteter) standeth not farr from tliQ Doue (w///ch parteth 
 
 Staffordshyre from Darbyshyre) 10 myles est from Stone. Betwene this towne & 
 Stone, is Chartley Castell. 
 
 Pagets-Brauilcy is 4 myles south from Vtcctcr, and standeth not farr from the 
 river of Blith, yNliidi 5 myles southest from thence falleth into th& Trent. 
 
 Burton standeth vppon tlm Trent, which there parteth Staffordshyre from Darby- 
 shyre, 8 myles est from Pagcts Bramley, & as many northest from Lichfeld. 
 
 ' "north" corrected into "south" by a different hand.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 43 
 
 Staffordshyre hath 2 parishes lying together in Worcestershire ; and Wor- 
 cestershyre hath one parish in Staffordshire, which is Dudley. But Dudley Castell 
 & park also is in Staffordshyre. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Cankwood lyeth betwene Stafford & Lichfeld. 
 Pensnet Chase, on tko. south end, by Dudley Castell. 
 Needwood Forrest, on tliQ est sydc, by Burton. 
 
 Stafford. 
 Eccleshall. 
 Hcaly. 
 Alton. 
 
 Castells. 
 Chartle)\ 
 
 Tetbury. Tctbury is now made a market towne also. 
 
 Dudley. 
 Sturton. 
 
 * S H R O P S II Y R E. *Deaf 99-1 
 
 [Two Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XI., Nos. 15 and 16.] 
 
 Shropshire taketh name of Shrewsbury, standing vppo« tli& Seuern, \which 
 ronneth throwgh the shyre so equally that it is hard to judge whether syde is greater. 
 It hath Staffordshyre on the est, Worcestershyre on the. southest, Herefordshj-re on 
 the south, Radnorshyre on the southwest, Montgomeryshire on the west, Denbighshyre 
 on the northwest, Cheshire, & peece of Plintshyre on the north. The length from 
 the north to the south is 32 myles ; the breadth 20, in some places more, & in 
 some less. On the north syde of Seuerne is 8 market townes & 86 parish churches ; 
 on the south syde there is 4 market townes & 120 parish churches ; which maketh in 
 all 206 parish churches, wherevnto may be added 20 chapclls, so that the totall some 
 is 226, besydes villages, wherw/th it is well stored, gentlemens howses, & castells. 
 
 * [At the top of the page is the Coat of Arms of the town of Shrewsbury : see Plate II.] '[leaf 99/'.] 
 
 Slirewsbury is a brave towne, walled about, & almost environed wz'th the Seuerne, 
 over tlie which it hath 2 ffaj-re stone bridges, and standcth in the very middest of tlie 
 shyre. The Brittains or Walshmcn call it in their language Ymwithig, that is to say, 
 a place where willows do grow. In Latin it is called Salopia, which seemeth to come 
 from the Latin word Salix, a willow. 
 
 *6'.fitw/c/j'-/r^ (comonly called Ostvestrie), a walled towne, is 12 myles northwest »[ieaf 100.] 
 from Shrewsbury, and w/thin 2 myles of Dewbighshire. 
 
 Weill is xj myles est northest from Oswestree, and 7 ffrom Shrewsbury, and 
 standeth vppon a small river named Roddon, which ronneth from thence to Morton 
 Corbet Castell, & lastly falleth into the Terne. 
 
 Frees is 3 mj-lcs north from W'em, and hard by it is a great heath, called 
 Frees Heath. 
 
 Whitchurch is 5 myles north northwest from Frees, and standeth on the northend 
 of the shyre, w/thin two myles of ChcshvTC, & w/thin one mj-le of a parcell of 
 Flintshire, on the north sydc of a litle brook, which cometh out of Blakmcr Mere, 
 and falleth into the Dee. 
 
 Draiton standeth vppon the river of Terne, which there parteth Shropshyre from 
 Staffordsh)Te, 8 mj-les from Whitchurch. 
 
 Newport touchcth also vppon Staffordshyre, & is 7 myles southest from Drayton. 
 
 Wellington is a great towne, standing 5 myles south southwest from Ne\\'port, 
 and about 7 myles cstwards from Shrewsbur}\ 
 
 * Wciilock is 5 myles south from Wellington, and two myles south from the *[leaf loo/'.] 
 Seuern. 
 
 Bridge-North standeth vppon the Seuern, 5 myles southest from Wenlock, and is 
 a propf/- walled towne with a castell, & two churches in the towne, as I heare. 
 
 Ludlotv, a proper walled towne, is the place where the Courtes for Wales are 
 kept, & tlie Marches of the same; and standeth on the southend of //;e shyre, 13 
 mj-les south southwest from Bridge North, & w/thin two myles of Herefordshyre,
 
 44 
 
 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 *[leaf loi.] 
 
 *[leaf 102.] 
 
 where the river of Corue falleth into ///e Temd, which river of Temd, at tJie head, 
 parteth Shropshyre from Radnorshyre, and entring into a corner of Herefordshyre 
 receaveth tli<t river of Clun, & after, in Shropshyre, the river of Onny, 2 myles above 
 Ludlow ; ffrom Ludlow it ronneth throwgh Worcestershyre, receving dyvers small 
 ry\-ers by the way, falleth into tli& Seuerne, 2 myles beneath Worcester. 
 
 Bislioppscastle is lo myles west northwest fro;« Ludlow, & 5 southest from 
 Montgomory. 
 
 These 4 townes last recytcd do stand on ///c south syde of the Seuerne, the rest 
 do stand on tliQ north syde. 
 
 *Forrests. 
 
 Morf Forrest, by Bridge Morph, or Bridge North. 
 
 Babins Wood Forrest, \ 
 
 Coirdigare Forrest, !-by Oswestree. 
 
 Treuelegh Forrest, j 
 
 Hockstow Forrest, betwene Shrewsbury & Montgomory. 
 
 Clun Forrest, on the southwest corner of the shyrc. 
 
 Mocktree Forrest, by Ludlow. 
 
 Wyre Forrest, by Bewdley, is halff in Worcestershire. 
 
 Shorlet Wood, by Wenlock. 
 
 Kings Wood, by Newport, & dj'vers other lesser. 
 
 Castclls. 
 
 •[leaf 102^.] 
 
 Shrewsbury. 
 
 Bridge-north. 
 
 Morton-Corbet. 
 
 Whittenton. 
 
 Knokin. 
 
 Shrawardon. 
 
 Rowton. 
 
 Wattelsburg 
 
 Caus. 
 
 Powderbach. 
 
 Atton-Burnell. 
 
 Charlton. 
 
 Howgate. 
 
 Braincroft. 
 
 Corsham. 
 
 Shipton. 
 
 Hopton. 
 
 The New Castle 
 
 Redcastle. 
 
 Clun Castell. 
 
 Tong Castell. 
 
 [leaf loii^. contains S Coats of Aims : see Plate VIII. , Nos. 5 to 12.] 
 
 *CHESHYRE. 
 
 Cheshire taketh name of the cittie of Chester, and hath Darb}-sh\Te on the est, 
 Staffordshyre on ///e southest, Shropshyre & a parcell of Flintshyre on the south, 
 Denbighshyre & tite rest of Flintshire on tJie west. On the northwest it hath the 
 Irish-Sea, on tIte north Lancashyre, from tlie which it is devyded by the river of 
 Marscy, and toucheth on tlie northest corner vppon Yorkshj-re. The longest length 
 is from the wood head (where the river of Marsey springcth) to the furthest part of 
 Werall (where it falleth into the sea) 44 myles ; the brodest place is from Titley 
 Hall in the south to Crosfordbridge in the north, about 25 myles ; the compass 
 round about 1 1 2 myles. In w/«c/^ countrey (besydes the cittie of Chester) there is 
 xj market townes, & 87 parish churches, & 34 churches \^hidi beare the name of 
 chapclls, w///c/^ is in all 121. To these, if you add 9 parish churches that arc w/thin 
 Chester, then is the nomber just 1 30 ; besydes villages, gentlemens howses, & castclls. 
 
 [The remainder of the page is occupied with a View of Chester : see Plate XXIV.] 
 
 *Chester is a most ancient & famous cittie, standing \-ppon the river of Dee, 
 wJiieJi is there about 200 foote brode, over tlie which there is a fayre stone bridge of 
 8 arches. The castell standcth on a h}-ll w/thin tlie wallcs, which walles are in 
 compass round about 2000 paces, w///c// is two myles, and hath 4 principall gates, 
 w/th very fayre & large suburbes. The barres of tlie citties are of stone : w/thin tlie 
 liberties of the cittie are 9 parish churches, besydes chapells & other religious places. 
 The howses are builded in such sort, that a man may go from one place of the cittie 
 to another and never come into the streetes, whizk iwMVicr of building I have not
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 45 
 
 hard of in any other place of Christendome. The said river of Dee springeth in 
 Merinothshyre, & passeth throwgh a lake called Lhin Tegill, after (receving dyvers 
 rivers by tht way) it entreth throwgh Denbighshyre, where (so soone as it hath 
 recei'ed the river of Kcriog) it parteth Shropshyre from Denbighshyre, & after hath 
 Flintshire on t/ie right syde & Denbighshyre on ///e lefft, vntill it come almost to 
 Shocklidge, where it parteth Cheshire from Denbighshj-re, vntill it come 2 mylcs 
 beneath Holt Castell, and then for f/ie space of a myle parteth Flintshire from 
 Cheshire, & after hath Cheshyre on both sydes ; lastly it touchcth on ///c south syde 
 of i/ie cittie of Chester, where (after it hath passed t/ie bridge) it fetcheth a round 
 compasse, making a fayre playne called The Rood Eie, toucheth also on t/ie west syde 
 of t/ic cittie. And after it is past the New Tower of i/te said cittie, it becommeth 
 alwaies broder and broder, vntill it fall into //ic sea, which is 16 myles from Chester. 
 
 * Naiitzvicli (called in Latin, Vicus Malban«.s-) is accompted the greatest towne in *[leaf 103.] 
 Cheshyre next to Chester, and standeth 14 myles southcst from Chester, vppon tlto. 
 river of Weever, in the way to London, where great store of whyte salt is made. It hath 
 one brj-ne pitt, from the which the wichwallers do carry their brj-ne to the. wich-howses, 
 where they seeth it in caulderns of lead, & so make salt. The said river of Weeuer 
 springeth out of Ridley Poole {which poole reacheth from Ridley to Cholmley, in 
 length two myles), and kepeth his course southest to Wrenbury, where it takcth in a 
 small brooke that cometh out of Marbury Merc, & beneath Sandford Bridge 
 another that cometh out of Combcrmerc, and not farr from Aulem the third, that 
 cometh from Morton Say in Shropshyre, and then kepeth his course northwards, 
 throwgh the Nantwich, Minshull, Weeuer, the Vale Roiall, and at Northwich meeteth 
 w/th the Dane, & halffe a myle beneath the towne, w/th the. Peeuer, and then torneth 
 northwest to Weuerham or Wereham, Acton Bridge, Frodsham Bridge, & a myle 
 from thence meeteth w/th the Marsey, where it loscth name. 
 
 JA?/^(rj, called in Latin, Malus-passus, is a proper towne, w/th 2 churches, standing 
 on a h}"ll southwest from Chester. It hath market eu^vy Sonda}', and therfore some 
 do not accompt it for a market towne. 
 
 * Northzuicli standeth whereas tlie 2 rivers of Weuer & Dane do meet, 10 myles *[leaf 103/'.] 
 directly north from Nantwich. Here is also a salt pitt, from tlie which they draw 
 bryne, which ronneth on the ground in woodden troughs to the wich howses. 
 
 Kiiiitsford is 5 myles northest from Northwich. There is two townes w/th 2 
 churches hard together, called Higher Knutsford & Lower Knutsford ; they have both 
 ffayres, & one of them eweiy week a market. 
 
 Altrincliam is 5 myles directly north from Knutsford, on the north syde of 
 Cheshyre, 3 miles from Crosford Bridge. 
 
 Stopford is 6 myles est northest from Altrincham, and standeth vppon the 
 river of Marsey, which springeth at tlie wood head, in tlie confynes of Yorkshyre, and 
 parteth Che.shyre frow Darbishire, vntill it meet w/th the Goit, and then crosseth 
 throwgh a corner of Cheshyre, meeteth above Stopford w/th the Taume, which parteth 
 Cheshire from Lancashire, till it meeteth w/th the Marsey. From Stopford the 
 Marsey kepeth his course westwards (all his way parting Cheshyre from Lancashyre) 
 to Chedley, Northen, Ashton on Marsey bank, & beneath Crosford Bridge, at Flixton, 
 takcth in the Irwell, that cometh from Manchester, & at Ri.xton, the BoUin that 
 cometh from Maxfeld, & so goeth to Warrington, Runckorn, & Weston, where it 
 meeteth w/th the Weeuer, which maketh it a myle brodc at a full sea, but at Lirpole it 
 is not halfif so brode. Three mj-les frow Lirpoole, it fallcth into the sea, making a 
 fayre haven, called Lirpoole Haucn. 
 
 * Maxfeld is a faj-re towne, w/th a high spyresteple, standing 8 myles south from *[Ieaf 104.] 
 Stopford, vppon the head of the river of BuUin, which springeth in Maxfeld Forrest, 
 hard by, and ronneth from Maxfeld to Prestbury (the greatest parish in all Cheshyre), 
 Newton Chapell, Wimslow, Pownall, Ringay, Ashley, Bowden, & Dunham, and not 
 farr from Warburton, falleth into tJie Marse)-, at Rixton. 
 
 Coiiglcton is six mjdes south southwest from Maxfeld, and standeth vppon the 
 river of Dane, which springeth in Maxfeld Forrest, and parteth Cheshyre from Stafford-
 
 46 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 sh\-re, till it come w/thin a myle of Congleton. From Congleton it passeth to 
 Damport, Hulms Chapel, & Croxton, where it taketh in tlie. river of W'heclock, & so 
 passeth to Shipbroke, by Daneham, & at Northwich falleth into tli& Weaver. 
 
 Midlezuic/i, so called, because it standeth betwene the other two wiches, is a great 
 towne, but yet no market towne, although it have a litle market e\icry Saterday. 
 Yet it hath yearly two ftayres : and hath 2 salt pitts, where they make salt. 
 
 Saiidbac/i, standeth on ///e high bank of t/te small river of Wheelock, 4 myles 
 southcst from Midlcwich, and was of late j'earcs made a market towne by S/r J oh. 
 Radcliff, who is owner thcrof 
 
 Tanten is 4 myles est from Chester, and was of late yeares also made a market 
 towne, by S/r John Sauage, vnto whom it belongeth. 
 •■[leaf 104/'.] * Fmds/tain towne & castell standeth 8 myles northest from Chester, & was of late 
 
 yeares made a market towne by S/'r John Sauage. 
 
 Haultoii towne & castell is 2 miles northest from Frodsham, which was in tymcs 
 past a market towne, and hath yet Burgeses & other priveleges as a towne corporat. 
 
 Forrcsts. 
 
 Delamere Forrest. Maxfeld Forrest. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Chester. 
 
 Shotwik. 
 
 Frodsham. 
 Dunham. 
 
 Beeston. 
 Halton. 
 
 Oldcastle. 
 
 [leaf loji?. contains Coat of Arms of the Duchy of Lancaster : see Plate I.] 
 
 •[leaf 105^.] *LANCASHYRE. 
 
 Lancashire l)'cth along the Irish Sea, reaching ffrom Chcshyre to Cumberland. 
 On the est it hath Yorkshyre, on the south Cheshyre, on the west the said Irish Sea, 
 on the north it toucheth vppo« Cumberland & Westmerland. The length therof is 
 from the north to the south 55 myles, the breadth at the southend is 36 myles ; but 
 the more northward it goeth, the narrower it is, so that towards the further,' a litle 
 beyond Lancaster (at Kent Sand, where the river of Ken falleth into the sea), the sea 
 hath eaten throwgh Lancashyre, & at a full sea toucheth vppon Westmerland. In 
 this countrey I ffynd to be 16 market townes, and 98 parish churches, and 36 chapells 
 which may pass for churches, bes}-des villages, castells, and gentlemens howses, 
 wherew/thall it is very well furnished. 
 
 * [leaf 106.] • [At the top of the page is the Coat of Arms of the town of Lancaster : see Plate II.] 
 
 Lancaster is an old towne & castell, standing vppon the south syde of thenver 
 Lan, which springcth in Mallcrstang Forrest, in Westmerland, & kepeth his course 
 south to Kirkby Lansdale, & not farr of entreth into Lancashire by Thurland Castell, 
 Aughton, Caton, Halton & Lancaster, & about 5 mj^les from Lancaster it falleth into 
 the sea. 
 •[leaf 1061''.] *Garstang IS 9 mylcs south from Lancaster, & standeth by Pillin-Moss, vppon a 
 
 small river named Wj-re, which springcth in Wiresdale Forrest, not farr from Wires- 
 dale towne, ronncth from thence to Shyreshcad, Garstang, & at Michaell Church 
 taketh in dyvers other small rivers, and lastly falleth into Bergrode, & so into the 
 sea hard by. 
 
 Kirkhaiu standeth not farr from Marton Moss, 7 myles south from Garstang, & 
 not farr from the mouth of the Ribbell. 
 
 Preston (comonly called Preston in Aiinctcriies) is 6 myles est from Kirkham, and 
 standeth vppow the river of Ribbell, which springcth in Yorkshyre, & crosseth 
 throwgh the middcst of Lancashyre, into the sea. 
 
 Blackborn is 7 myles est from Preston. 
 
 Colne is 12 mylcs northest from Blackborn, & w/thin 3 myles of Yorkshyre. 
 
 ' Thus in MS.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 47 
 
 Rochdale (comonly called Ratchdale) is 12 myles south from Colne, and standcth 
 on a small river named Roch, which 5 m)-les thence falleth into tJi^ Erwell. 
 
 Bury is 4 myles southwest from Rochdale, & standeth vppon the river of Irwcll. 
 
 *Bolton is 4 myles southwest from Bury, and standeth on a small brook, which '[leaf 107.] 
 4 mj-les thence falleth into tint Irwell. 
 
 \Viga)i is 7 myles southwest from Bolton, & standeth vppon //^e head of tlic river 
 Dowles, which falleth into tli(t mouth of the Ribble. 
 
 Onncskirk is S m)-lcs west from Wigan, & w/thin 4 myles of iltc sea. Three litle 
 myles northcst from Ormeskirk is //^e goodly manor place of Lathom, belonging to 
 ///e Erie of Darby. 
 
 Lirpoole standeth w/thin 3 m\-lcs of tlic sea, vppon tliQ river of Marsey, about 9 
 myles south from Ormfskirk. 
 
 Warrington standcth also vppon th& Marsey, which partcth Lancashyre from 
 Cheshyre, 12 myles south southest from Wigan. 
 
 Manchester is 6 myles south from Bury, 7 ffrom Rochdale, 7 from Bolton, & 5 
 from Stopford, in Cheshyre. It is the cheiffest towne in Lancashire, ne.xt to 
 Lancaster, & in many respects passeth the same, and standeth on the southest corner 
 of the countrey, vppon the river of Irwell, which 6 myles from thence ffallcth into 
 the Marsey at Fli.xton. 
 
 *Vlnerston standeth in tlie furthest end of Lancashyre, nere Fournes Fells, w/thin » [leaf 107/'.] 
 2 myles of Leuen Sands. 
 
 Dan/ton towne & castell is 4 myles southwest fro;« Vluerston, & w/thin 3 myles 
 of Cumberland. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Bowland Forrest, part of it lyeth in Yorkshyre. 
 Simons Wood Forrest. 
 Wiersdale Forrest. 
 
 Casteils. 
 
 Lancaster. 
 Lathom. 
 Lirpoole. 
 Clithero. 
 
 Grenno. 
 Hornby. 
 Thurland. 
 Vluerston. 
 
 Daulton. 
 Glaiston. 
 The Pyle of Foudray. 
 
 [leaf loSc. contains Coat of Arms of Yorkshire ; see Plate II.] 
 
 * YORKSHYRE. 
 
 *[leaf loS/'.] 
 
 Yorkshire ys the greatest sh)-re in all England, & almost as bigg as all Wales. 
 It is 4 square : the length from the est to the west is 70 myles, & the breadth is 60. 
 It hath on the west Lancashyre, on the northwest corner Westmerland, on the north 
 the Bishopprik of Durham, from the which it is devyded by the river of Teese, on the 
 est it hath the sea, & on the south it toucheth vppon Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire, 
 Darbyshyre, & Cheshyre. Besydes the cittie of York, it hath 45 market townes, above 
 30 casteils, 621 parish churches, 44 chapells, and more then 700 villages, besydes 
 gentlemens howses. But this is to be vnderstood, that I reakon Richmondshire w/th- 
 all, as it is comonly so taken. Howbeit Richmo//dsh\Tc is (or ought to be) a shyre of 
 it selffe, for in spirituall matters it is vnder the Bishopp of Chester, & not vnder the 
 Archbishopp of York : which shyre is about the fyft part of Yorkshyre. 
 
 [leaves 1091^. and iioo. contain nothing but 2 Coats of Arms : see Plate II : — leaf nob. is vacant.] 
 
 *York is the greatest cittie in all England, next to London, which for greatnes *[leaf m.] 
 & scituation (as some wrj'tc) may be compared to Rome, as I have hard Winchester 
 compared for scituation to Jerusalem. It hath 2 casteils, 30 parish churches, and 
 standeth on cch syde of the river of Ouse, which more properly ought to be called Eur, 
 or Your, and therof did York first take name, as Eurwik, or Yourwik, now short 
 York, which river of Youre springcth amongc the hills on the west syde of Yorkshyre,
 
 48 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 and ronneth to Midleham, Massam, Rippon, & beneath Boro\\'brigge taketh in the 
 Swale, wliich comcth from Richmond, & shortly after meeteth w/th a litle brook 
 named Ouse, where it loses name & is called Ouse, and so passeth throwgh York, 
 receving by th& way the Nid, wliidi cometh from Knaresborow, & beneath York the 
 Warf, then the Darwen, and lastly the Aer, meeteth with the Trent, & is called 
 Humber, as in thft beginwing of the booke hath byn declared. 
 *[leaf in/'.] * Selby standeth on ///e west syde o^ t/ie Ouse, 9 myles south from York. 
 
 Siiaf/i is 5 mj'lcs south from Selb)-, and standeth vppon the Aer, which 5 myles 
 thence falleth into t/ie Ouse. 
 
 Doncaster'xs 10 m)-les south from Snath, and standeth vppon tlio. river of Don, 
 ■which springeth not farr frow the wood head, & ronneth to Sheaffeld, Rotheram, 
 & Doncaster. Lastly it parteth it selff into two, whereof one part falleth into the Aer, 
 and the other into Trent. 
 
 Beaiitree is 6 myles southest fro;;/ Doncaster, & standeth vppo// the river Iddle, 
 which there parteth Yorkshire fro;/; Nottinghi/mshire. 
 
 Rotheram standeth whereas the river of Rother falleth into the Don, 9 myles 
 west from Bcautre, & 7 southwest fro/// Doncaster. 
 
 Sheaffeld standeth vppon the said river of Don, 5 myles southwest from Rotheram, 
 & w/'thin 4 myles of Darbyshire. 
 
 Banies/ey is 9 myles north from Sheaffeld, & standeth vppo/; a small river, which 
 falleth into the Don, not farr fro/// Doncaster. 
 
 Poiitfraet (comonly called Pountfret) is 9 myles northest from Barnesle}', w/'thin 
 2 myles of the Aer. 
 
 Sherborne is 5 myles north from Pontfrct, and standeth on a small brook which 
 falleth into the Ouse. 
 *[leaf 112.] * Wakefeld standeth vppon the river of Calder, which 5 myles thence falleth into 
 
 the Aer, and hath Pountfret on the est, Leeds on the north, & Barnsley on the south, 
 lyke distance of 6 myles. 
 
 Leeds standeth vppon the river Aer, which springeth out of a poole called 
 Malwater terne, & ronneth southest to Gargraue, Christall, Leedes, & at Castleforth 
 taketh in the Calder, & then ronneth to Brotherton & Snath, & so into the Ouse. 
 
 Halifax is xj myles southwest from Lccdes, & 12 west from Wakefeld. It 
 standeth on a small brooke, which 2 myles thence falleth into the Calder. 
 
 Bradforth is 6 myles northest from Halifax, & as much west from Leeds, and 
 standeth vppon a small brooke, which 2 myles thence falleth into the Aer. 
 
 Ot/ey standeth vppon the river of Warf, which springeth not farr from the place 
 where the Ribbell springeth, nere Camhill, & so ronneth to Brunsall, Addingham, 
 Otley, Wetherby, Tadcaster, & lastly falleth into the Ouse. 
 
 Wctlierby standeth vppon tlie said river of Warf, 9 myles est fro/// Otley, & 7 
 from York. 
 
 Knaresboi-ow is 5 myles northwest fro/// Wetherby, and standeth vppon the Nid, 
 which springeth at Warnside Hill, and passeth to Midlcsmore, Ripley, Knaresborow, 
 & lastly falleth into tlie Ouse. 
 •[leaf 1121^.] * Ripley standeth vppon the said river of Nid, 4 myles west northwest from 
 
 Knaresborow. 
 
 Skipton is 13 myles southwest from Ripley, xj west from Otlc}', & w/thin a myle 
 of the Aer. 
 
 Setle standeth vppon tlie Ribble, 10 myles west northwest from Skipton, w/'thin 
 6 myles of Lancashyre. 
 
 Borowbrigg ?,V-a.\-\AeX\\ vppon tlie Youre, 12 myles northwest from York. 
 
 Rippon standeth vppo// tlie said river (or not farr from it), 5 myles west northwest 
 from Borowbrigg. 
 
 Massam standeth in Richmondsh)Te, vppo// the said river of Youre, 7 myles 
 northwest from Rippon. 
 
 Midleham standeth also in Richmondshyrc, & vppon the said river, 5 myles
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 49 
 
 northwest from Massam. Three mylcs northwest from Midlam, is Bolton Castell, 
 belonging to //^e Lord Scrope. 
 
 Bedall standeth also in Richmondshyre, 7 myles northest from Midlam, vppon a 
 small river, which falleth into the Swale. 
 
 Now Cometh Richmond next to hand to be spoken of, which shall follow, w/th 
 tJiQ armes of the Erles thereof 
 
 [leaf II3«. contains five Coats of Arms : see Plate XVI., Nos. II to 15.] 
 
 * Richmond is a proper towne, w/th 3 parishe churches therein, and is walled about, *[leaf 1 1 3/-. ] 
 saving on the south syde, where it hath the river of Swale, wlticli river springeth not 
 
 farr from th& place where the. Youre springeth, to say, at the. foote of Huseatmornill 
 Hill (which hill is a limit to Yorkshire, Richmondshyre, & Westmerland), and so 
 ronncth to Richmond, & taking in dyvers rivers by th(i way, comcth to Topcliff; 
 lastly falleth into tItQ Youre, beneath Borowbrigg. 
 
 Aluerton (comonly called Xort/ialertoii) is 10 myles est southest from Richmond, 
 & in the way from York to Barwik. 
 
 Thriisk is 7 myles south southest from Northalerton, & standeth vppon a small 
 river named Codbeck, which 3 myles thence falleth into the Swale. Three myles 
 north from Thrusk is Vpsall Castell, wherof the L. Scrope of Vpsall taketh name. 
 
 Yariim standeth vppon the river of Teese {which parteth Yorkshire from the 
 Bishopprick of Durham), 10 mylcs northest from Northalerton, and about 8 fTrom 
 the sea. 
 
 *Stokeshy is 5 myles est from Yarum, vppon a small river which falleth into the *[lear 114.I 
 Teese, a m}'le beneath Yarum. 
 
 Gisboroii.! is 5 myles northest fro;« Stokeslcy, vppon a small river, which 5 myles 
 thence falleth into the sea. At the Priory of Gisborow, Wm. Neuill, L. P'aconbridge 
 & Erie of Kent, is buried. 
 
 Whitby is in Cleueland, on the sea syde, on the mouth of a small river, 16 myles 
 est from Gisborow. 
 
 Skarbonnu standeth also on the sea syde, xj myles south southest from Whitby. 
 
 P/<r/(v-'/7V/o- standeth into the meane land, 13 myles west southwest from Skarborow. 
 
 Kirkby-Moresyde is 5 myles west from Pickering. 
 
 Hclmcsky is 4 myles southwest from Kirkb)"-Moresycle. 
 
 Honingham is 4 myles southest from Helmesley. 
 
 New-Malton (so called for diffrence of Old Malton hard by) is 7 myles est 
 southest from Houingham, and standeth vppow tlie river of Darwen, which springeth 
 in Blakay More & ronneth south to Hacknes, Aj-ton, & Garton, where it torneth 
 towards //newest to Yeddington, and there torneth south agayne to Old-Malton, New- 
 Malton, Kirkham, Sutton on Darwen, Wresill Castell, and lastly falleth into the Ouse. 
 
 * Bridlington standeth w/thin a myle of the sea, vppow a small river, xj mj'les on *[ieaf 114/'.] 
 this syde Scarborow", & 4 myles from Flamborow Head. 
 
 Kilhavi standeth into the land, 6 m3'les southwest from Bridlington, at the very 
 head spring of the river of Hull. 
 
 Pocklington is hard by Yorkswold, vppo;/ tlie head of a small river which falleth 
 into the Darwen, & is 10 myles est frow York. 
 
 Ho'cvdcn is 10 myles south from Pocklington, w/thin a myle of the Ouse. 
 
 Wighton is not farr from Yorkswold, 5 m)'les southest from Pocklington, vppon 
 the head of a small river called Foulney, which falleth into the Humber in 2 places 
 over against the mouth of the Trent. 
 
 Bciierley is a proper walled towne, standing 8 myles est from Wighton, & not farr 
 from the river of Hull, vppon a creek digged w/th inans hand fro;« the said river. 
 
 Kingstozi'ne vppon Hull (comonly called Hull) is a proper walled towne, well 
 traded w/th shippcs & marchandize, standing whereas the said river of Hull falleth 
 into the Humber.
 
 so 
 
 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 Hcadon standeth in iJic countrey called Holderness, 4 myles est from Hull, vppon 
 a small river, which 2 myles thence falleth into the H umber. 
 
 -[leaf 115.] *Forrcsts. 
 
 Pickering Forrest. Knaresborow Forrest. 
 
 Gautrees Forrest. Lune Forrest. 
 
 Swaledale Forrest. Bowland Forrest. 
 
 The New Forrest. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Aplegarth Forrest. 
 
 Langstrethdale Chase. 
 Hatfeld Chase. 
 Barden Chase. 
 Bishoppsdale Chase. 
 
 
 York, 2. 
 
 Richmond. 
 
 Midlham. 
 
 Vpsall. 
 Bolton. 
 Hornby. 
 
 
 Bowes. 
 
 Conisburg. 
 
 Sandall. 
 
 
 Rauinswath. 
 
 Gilling. 
 
 WresiU. 
 
 
 Hatlesey. 
 Skelton. 
 
 Slingsby. 
 Crake. 
 
 Wilton. 
 Wilton. 
 
 
 Kilton. 
 
 Hilderskill. 
 
 Harwood. 
 
 
 Moulgraue. 
 
 Sherifhutton. 
 
 Cawood. 
 
 
 Wharlton. 
 
 Skipton. 
 
 Skarborow. 
 
 
 Armanthwate. 
 
 Pountfret. 
 
 Hull. 
 
 
 Sigston. 
 
 Sheaffeld. 
 
 Tickhill. 
 
 
 Abbais ivhicli soinctime were. 
 
 
 Mountgrace. 
 Fountains. 
 
 Wickam. 
 Riuis. 
 
 Geruis, in Richmondshyre 
 Rasdale. 
 
 
 Handale. 
 
 Marton. 
 
 Watton. 
 
 
 Growmond. 
 
 Biland. 
 
 
 *[leaf USiS.] 
 
 
 ♦DURHAM. 
 
 
 
 [Coat of Anns of the Bishopric of Durham at top : see Plate II.] 
 
 TJic Bishopprick of Dvrhain was made a Countie Pallatyn by King Richard the 
 First, who sold the same to the Bishopp, & created him Erie therof. It is 3 cornerd. 
 On the. est it hath the sea, fro;« the Tyne to the Teese, which is about 25 myles ; on 
 the south the said river of Teese devydeth it from Yorkshyre, all the course of it, 
 which is about 40 myles ; on the north it hath Northumberland, which syde is about 
 34 myles ; the west corner toucheth vppon Yorkshyre, Westmorland, Cumberland, & 
 Northumberland. In which countrey (besydcs the cittie of Durham) there is 5 market 
 townes, 72 parish churches, & 9 castells. 
 
 *[leaf 1 15.] *[Coat of Arms of the town of Durham at top : see Plate II.] 
 
 Durham (as some hold opinion) should be called Deirham, because it was in 
 tymes past the cheiffest towne of that kingdome, in Northumberland, which was 
 called Deiria. It is environed almost round about w/th the river of Were, which 
 springeth in the west corner of the countrey, & passeth throwgh the middest therof, 
 directly est, vntill it come to Bishopps-Auckland, where it torneth north to Durham, 
 Lumley, & Bedick, and then torneth agayne towards the est, & falleth into the sea, 
 not farr from Weremouth. 
 
 Hartlepoole is a proper litle towne, standing in the sea, vppon a peninsula, which 
 is a myle in compasse, and hath a prety port or haven for shipps. It is about xj 
 myles southest from Durham, 
 '[leaf 116/'.] *Dar/iitgton (comonly called Darriiigfou) is 13 myles south from Durham, in the 
 
 way to London, vppo« a small river named Skeen, which 2 myles thence falleth into 
 the Teese. 
 
 Bishopps Aiickhiiid standeth vppon the Were, about 7 myles southwards from 
 Durham. 
 
 Stayndorp is 6 myles south southwest frow Bishopps Auckland, vppon a small
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 SI 
 
 river, which 3 myles thence fallcth into the Teese ; and not farr from the towne 
 standeth Raby Castell. 
 
 Barnard-Castle standeth vppon tli^ Teese, 5 myles southwest from Stayndorp. 
 
 Forrests. 
 Teesdale Forrest : part of yt lyeth in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Durham. 
 Rauens worth. 
 Lumley. 
 
 Stocton. 
 
 Rab)-. 
 
 Barnard Castell. 
 
 * W E S T M E R L A N D. 
 
 Brandspeth. 
 
 Hilton. 
 
 Witton. 
 
 *[leaf II 
 
 [Two Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XIII., Nos. 13 and 14.] 
 
 Westmerland is but a litle countrey, and is enclosed on the est w/th Yorkshyre, 
 & on the west w/th Cumberland, and hath Lancashyre on the south. The length 
 from the north to the south is 30 myles ; the breadth 16, in some places more & in 
 some lesse. In which countrey there is 4 market townes, 8 castells, and 40 parish 
 churches, besydes villages, & gentlemens howses. 
 
 *Appelby is the shyre towne of Westmerland, and standeth in the northend of the *[leaf 117/'.] 
 countrey, vppon tlie river of Eden, which ronneth from thence to Carlile. 
 
 Kirkhy-Stcphcn standeth vppon tlie said river, 7 myles southest from Appelb)-, & 
 vv/thin 4 myles of Yorkshyre. 
 
 Kirkby-Lansdale standeth vppon tlie river Lan {which ronneth from thence to 
 Lancaster), 20 myles south southwest from Kirkb}--Stephen, and w/thin a myle of 
 Lancash\'re. 
 
 Kirkby-Ke7idall (comonly called Kendall') standeth vppon the river of Ken, 8 
 myles northwest from Kirkby Landale. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Mallerstang Forrest, on the est syde of the countrey. 
 Whinfeld Forrest, on tJie north, is a litle thing palled about. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Appleby. 
 Howgill. 
 
 Hartley. 
 Brougham. 
 
 Pendragon. 
 Bewley. 
 
 Kendall. 
 Burgh. 
 
 *CUMBERLAND. •[leafus.] 
 
 [Three Coats of Arms at top : see Plate XVI., Nos. 5 to 7.] 
 
 Cvuibcrland is twise as bigg as Westmerland, and reacheth from the north to 
 tJie south in length 55 myles. In the middest it is 30 myles brode, but toward ech 
 end it is narrower. On the northwest it toucheth vppon Scotland, on the northest it 
 hath Northumberland, on tlie est Westmerland, on the southest it hath a peece of 
 Lancashyre, namely Fournes Fells, and on tlie west it hath the Irish Sea. In which 
 countrey (besydes the cittie of Carlile) there is viij market townes, 30 castells, 117 
 parish churches, w/th 9 chapells ; which is in all 126, besydes gentlemens howses, & 
 villages. 
 
 •[Coats of Arms of Earls of Carlisle at top : see Plate XI. ] '[leaf 1 1 S^ 
 
 Carlile is an ancient cittie, standing vppon the river of Eden, which springeth in 
 Mallerstang Forrest in Westmerland, & ronneth to Pendragon Castell, Kirkby Steucn, 
 Musgrauc, Appleby, Buley Castell, lastly meetcth w/th the Vlles, & there entreth 
 throwgh Cumberland to Kirkoswald, Armanthwatc, Corby Castell, Linstock Castell, 
 and at Carlile taketh in a river on ech syde, & at the west end of the cittie the third, 
 named Cauda, from which place to Rowcliff Castell is 3 myles, where it meeteth w/th
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 •[leaf II, x] 
 
 *[Ieaf iig/).] 
 
 dyvers other waters, & is 2 myles brode at a full sea, from which place to the. meane 
 sea is about lo myles. 
 
 * Brampton standeth in tlie. countrey called Gilsland, 7 myles northest from Carlile. 
 
 Pciireth standeth vppon the river of Vlles, which partcth Cumberland from 
 Westmerland, about 14 myles southest from Carlile. 
 
 Keszuik standeth vppon Darwen Mere (out of which Mere the river Darwen 
 springeth), wherin are 2 or 3 litle ilandes, wherof one belongeth to them that have the 
 copper mynes hard by the towne, and is 18 myles southward from Carlile, & 14 south- 
 west from Penreth. 
 
 Raucnglas standeth hard by the sea, betwenc tlie mouthes of two rivers which 
 mcete there, 16 myles south southwest from Keswik. 
 
 Egreniond ^\.z.\\Ae\h in Copeland, 10 myles northwest from Rauenglass, vppon a 
 river, which 4 myles south from thence falleth into the sea, and yet the towne on the 
 west syde hath the sea w/thin 2 myles of yt. 
 
 Wirkingtoii is 8 myles north from Egremond, and standeth on tlie mouth of tlie 
 river Darwen, which cometh from Keswik. 
 
 Cokerinoutli standeth whereas the river Coker fifalleth into the Darwen, 5 myles 
 est from Wirkinton, and lyke distance from the sea. 
 
 *Ierby is 7 myles northest from Cokermouth, in the way to Carlile, 12 myles 
 southwest from Carlile, vppon the head of a small river named Elne, which 10 myles 
 from thence falleth into the sea. 
 
 *[leaf 120.] 
 
 »[lcaf 120/'.] 
 
 Westward Forrest. 
 
 Carlile. 
 
 Bcwcastell. 
 
 Askerton. 
 
 Scalby. 
 
 Linstock. 
 
 Corby. 
 
 Naworth. 
 
 Castell Carrock. 
 
 Rowcliff. 
 
 Armanthwate. 
 
 Cannonby. 
 
 Forrcsts. 
 Copeland Forrest. 
 
 CastcUs. 
 
 Daker. 
 
 Drumbrug. 
 
 Petterell VVray. 
 
 Rose Castell. 
 
 Wulsty. 
 
 Westward. 
 
 Haton. 
 
 Highyate. 
 
 Kirkoswald. 
 
 Threlcot. 
 
 Inglewood Forrest. 
 
 Graistock. 
 
 Blencrake. 
 
 Emleton. 
 
 Lorton. 
 
 Harinton. 
 
 Milium. 
 
 Irton. 
 
 Ousby. 
 
 St. Bees. 
 
 St. Johns. 
 
 ♦NORTHUMBERLAND. 
 
 [Four Coats of Anns at top : see Plate V., Nos. 8 to II.] 
 
 Noftlivinbcrhmd was in t)-mes past a kingdome : but then it contayned all the 
 countrey from II umber to tlie Scottish Firth; and yet as it is, it is one of tlie greatest 
 shyres in England. On tJie northwest it is seperated from Scotland by tlie Cheuiot 
 Hills, & on tlie north by the river of Twede ; on tlie est it hath the sea ; on tlie south 
 the bishopprick of Durham ; and on the southwest Cumberland. The length therof, 
 from the north to the south, is 54 myles ; the breadth at the south end, & in the 
 middest, is 30 myles; but the more northward it goeth, the more narrower it is. It 
 hath 10 market towncs, 35 castclls, & 100 parish churches, bcsydcs chapells, gentle- 
 mens howses, and villages. 
 
 •[Coat of Arms of the town of Newcastle at the top : see Plate II.] 
 
 Neii-'castcU is a brave towne, walled about, standing vppon the river of Tyne 
 {which there parteth Northumberland from the Bishopprick of Durham), distant about 
 6 myles from the sea. It hath 4 parish churches, bcsydcs Gatesyde, which is on the 
 other syde of the water. 
 
 Hexham (called in Latin, Hagulstadium), standeth on the .south syde of the river
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 53 
 
 of Tyne, 14 myles west from Newcastell, and was in tymes past a shyre towne of all 
 that countrey yet called Hexhamshyre, which of late yeares by Act of Parliament 
 was vnited to Northumberland. 
 
 *Haltiveseir\'~, 12 m\-les west from Hexham, wz'thin 4 myles of Cumberland, and '[leaf 121. | 
 standeth vppon the South T}-ne, which a litle above Hexham meeteth w/th the North 
 Tyne. 
 
 CInpcliase towne & castell standeth vppon the North Tj-ne, 6 myles northwest 
 from Hexham. 
 
 Morpeth is 12 myles north from Newcastell, & standeth vppon tlit river of Wans- 
 peck, which 6 myles thence falleth into the sea. 
 
 IVarkicorth standeth vppon the river of Coket, which a myle from thence falleth 
 into the sea, and 3 mj-les from the mouth therof is Coket Hand. 
 
 Aln-ajik standeth \ppon tlie river of Ale, which 4 myles thence falleth into the 
 sea, & is 5 myles northwest from Warkworth, in the way from Barwik to York. 
 
 Cliillinghain is 7 myles northwest from Alnwik, and standeth vppon the river of 
 Bromish, \\liizli some call in Latin, Bernicia, of which river the kingdome of Bernitia 
 (as they afifirme) should take name. 
 
 Norliam towne & castell standeth vppon the Twede, 5 myles southwest from 
 Barwik. 
 
 *Barivik is a stronge towne standing on tlie north syde of the Twede, which not *[leaf 121/'.! 
 farr of falleth into the sea. The territory of Barwik, which belongeth to England, on 
 the further syde of the Twede, is 3 myles long, and two myles brode. 
 
 Castcl/s. 
 
 Newcastle. Thirlwall. Dunstaburg. 
 
 Tynemouth. Simonsborne. Edlingham. 
 
 Hexham. Chipchase. Chillingham. 
 
 Pruddo. Haughton. Bambrow. 
 
 Biwell. Swinborne. Horton. 
 
 Belsey. Morpeth. Ford. 
 
 Ogle. Bottell. Wark. 
 
 Langley. Witton. Etall. 
 
 Willimotswik. Witherington. Norham. 
 
 Aydon. Warkworth. Barwik. 
 
 Bellister Cortington. Dala. 
 
 Blekensopp. Harbottcll. 
 
 And thus, having made an end with all the Shyres in England, let vs proceed 
 w/th those in Wales. 
 
 *WALES. 
 [Three Coats of Arms at top : see Plate VIII., Nos. i to 3.] 
 
 *[leaf 122. J 
 
 All IVcr/es (as it is now) is litle bigger then Yorkshyre. It is, from St. Donets, 
 in Glamorganshyre, to the northmost part of Anglisca, about 120 mj-les ; at the south 
 end it is 100 myles brode, at the north end 60, and in the middest but 7,6. The 
 countrey is full of hillcs & mountains, & nothing so well inhabited as other partes of 
 England, ffor I fynd to be in all Wales but 56 market townes, 659 parish churches, 
 and about j6 chapells. There is [in] all 1 3 sh}Tes, wherof 7 are in South Wales, & 
 6 in North Wales. 
 
 *Monniovthshire hath Glocestcrshirc on the est, the Seuern sea on the south, '[leaf 1221''.] 
 Glamorganshyre and Brccknocksh}-re on tlie west, & Hcrefordshyre on tlie north. 
 It is from the north to the south about 24 myles long, and the breadth 20, in some 
 places more, & in some lesse. In which countrey there is 6 market townes, 132 parish 
 churches, & about 10 chapells. The river of VVye parteth it from Glocestershyre, the 
 river of Romney from Glamorganshj-re, & the river of Monmow from Hcrefordshyre.
 
 54 
 
 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 ♦[leaf 123.] *MoHinoiit/i ys the towne which geveth name to the. whole shyre, and standeth 
 
 where as the river of Monmow falleth into the Wye, distant 12 myles south southest 
 from Hereford, & 16 west southwest from Glocester. 
 
 Abergucny is a proper towne, standing 10 myles west from Monmouth, & w/thin 
 3 myles of Brecknockshyre, vppon the river of Vsk, which springeth at the Black 
 Mountaine, in the very vttcrmost end of Brecknockshyre, & passeth throwgh the 
 middest of the same shyre estwards to Brecknock, Penketh, Langonider, Langattock, 
 & after entreth into Monmouthshyre, passing by Abergueny, Vsk, Carlion, & 
 Newport, where not farr of it falleth into the Severn sea. 
 
 Vsk standeth in the middest of Monmouthshyre, vppon the said river of Vsk, 7 
 myles southest from Abergucny. 
 
 Carlion standeth vppon tlie said river of Vsk, 6 myles south from the towne of 
 Vsk. 
 
 Newport standeth also vppon the said river of Vsk, 2 myles from Carlion, & 
 w/thin 3 myles of the Seuern sea. 
 *[le.Tf 123/'.] *Chepstoiv (called in Latin, Strigulia) is a famous towne & castell, standing vppon 
 
 the river of Wye, which 2 myles from thence falleth into the Seuern. 
 
 Forrests. 
 Wieswood Chase, by Monmouth. 
 
 Monmouth. 
 
 Skcnfrith. 
 
 Grismond. 
 
 Whitcastell. 
 
 Ragland. 
 
 Carlion. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Newport. 
 
 Grenfeld. 
 
 Bishton. 
 
 Penhow. 
 
 Strogle. 
 
 Portskerret. 
 
 Matharn. 
 
 Chepstow. 
 
 Lanuair. 
 
 Dinham. 
 
 Caldicote. 
 
 The Old Castle. 
 
 *[ieari24.] *GLAM ORGANS HI RE. 
 
 Glamorganshire taketh name of one Morgan, who above 2000 yeares past was 
 there slayne by his cosin Cunedag, King of Brittains, as the Walsh cronicles report. 
 It hath on the south the Seuern sea, on the west Carmardenshire, on the north Breck- 
 nockshyre, & on the est Monmouthshyre. The length from the est to the west is 40 
 myles, the breadth at the est end is 20 myles, but the west end is much narower, ffor 
 the last part therof, called Westgowre, is not above 5 myles brode. In this countrey 
 I fynd to be 7 market towncs, 128 parish churches, w/th 6 chapells. But it hath mo 
 castells then any other shyre in England or in Wales. The south syde of the countrey, 
 along the Severn sea, is well in-habited & replenished w/th townes & castells ; but the 
 north syde is full of mountains. 
 *[lear 124/'.] *Cardiff is the cheififest towne in Glamorganshyre, and standeth on the est banck 
 
 of the river Taf, which 2 myles thence falleth into the Severn sea, & is w/thin 2 myles 
 of Monmouthshyre. 
 
 Landaff standeth on tJie other syde of the same river, a myle above Cardiff, and 
 is a cittie, because it hath a bishopp, who hath vnder hym Glamorganshyre, Mon- 
 mouthshyre, Brecknockshyre, & Radnorshyre. 
 
 Cozubridge is 8 myles west from Cardif, & standeth vppon a small river named 
 Thaw, which 5 myles thence falleth into the Severn sea. 
 
 Bridgend is 5 myles westwards from Cowbridge, and standeth vppon the river 
 of Ogmore, which 4 myles thence falleth into the Seuern sea. 
 
 Abcranon standeth on the mouth of the river Auon, 7 myles westwards from 
 Bridgend. 
 
 NcatJi is 4 myles northwest from Abcrauon, and standeth vppon the river of 
 Neath, which litle more then 2 myles thence falleth into tlie Seuern sea.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 55 
 
 *Swansey is 5 myles southwest from Neath, 6 directly west from Aberauon, and *['eaf 125] 
 standeth vppon the mouth of the river Tawy, which there falleth into the Severn sea. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Cardif 
 
 Landaff. 
 
 St. Pagans. 
 
 St. George. 
 
 iVIenech. 
 
 Gwennow. 
 
 Winston. 
 
 Sily, or Sully. 
 
 Barry. 
 
 Funmon. 
 
 Porkery. 
 
 Penmark. 
 
 Neath. 
 
 Lanquian. 
 
 Penllin. 
 
 Lanmais. 
 
 Landogh. 
 
 Landow. 
 
 St. Donets. 
 
 Treer. 
 
 Caerfily. 
 
 Morlash. 
 
 Cothy. 
 
 Ogmore. 
 
 Newcastle. 
 
 *BRECKNOCKSHYRE. 
 
 Kethligarn. 
 
 Kenfcag. 
 
 Loghor. 
 
 Webley. 
 
 Landewy. 
 
 Penrise. 
 
 Pennarth. 
 
 O.xwich. 
 
 Oistermouth. 
 
 Castell Coch. 
 
 Denis Powis. 
 
 Tallauant. 
 
 •[leaf 1251^.] 
 
 BrccJcnocksJiire is 3 square, & eu^ry square is about 25 myles. It hath Glamor- 
 ganshyre on the south, Cardiganshyre on tlie west, Radnorshyre on the north, 
 Herefordshire, & Monmouthshire on the est. In it are 3 market townes, & 66 parish 
 churches. 
 
 Brcckuoc (called in Walsh, Aberhodni) standeth whereas the river of Hodni falleth 
 into tlie Vsk, & in the middest of the shyre. 
 
 Bealt standeth vppon tlie Wye, which there parteth Brecknocshire from Radnor- 
 shire, xj myles north from Brecknock. 
 
 Hay standeth also vppon the Wye, 10 myles est from Bealt, & toucheth vppon 
 Herefordshire. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Brecknock. 
 
 Dinas. 
 
 Broinclis. 
 
 Blainllinuy. 
 
 Lanthew. 
 
 Trecastell. 
 
 *CARMARDENSHYRE. 
 
 Tretoure. 
 
 Langoid. 
 Penketh. 
 
 *[lear 126.] 
 
 Carmarthoishire hath Brecknockshyre on the est, Glamorganshj're on the south- 
 est, the Seuern Sea on the south, Penbrokshyre on the west, and Cardiganshyre on the 
 northwest. The length therof is from the southwest to the northcst 30 myles, the 
 breadth 20, in some places more, & in some lesse. In which countrey there is 6 
 markett townes, & 85 parish churches. 
 
 *CaniiartheH is a proper walled towne, standing vppon the river of Towy, which *[leaf 126/'.] 
 6 myles south from thence falleth into the Seuern sea. 
 
 Landillaiiaiire standeth vppon the said river of Towy, 10 myles northest from 
 Carmarden. 
 
 Langadock standeth also vppon tlie said river of Towy, 3 myles northcst from 
 Landillauaure. 
 
 Lan-yiiithcfry standeth also vppow tlie said river of Towy, 5 myles north from 
 Langadock. 
 
 Kidiuily standeth at the confluence of 2 rivers, w/thin a myle of the sea, and is 
 distant 6 myles south southest from Carmarden. 
 
 *Lanclthy standeth vppon a litle creek w/thin a myle of the sea, 5 myles est 'I'eaf 127.] 
 southest from Kidwily, and w/thin 2 myles of Glamorganshyre. 
 
 Forrests. 
 Cardith Forrest.
 
 S6 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Carmarthen. 
 Deneuer. 
 
 Lacharn. 
 Lanstephcn. 
 
 Kidwily. 
 Driislone. 
 
 Careg. 
 
 Memlin. 
 
 [leaf 127^. contains Coats of Arms of Earls of Pembroke ; see Plate IV.] 
 
 *[leaf I2S.] 
 
 *[leaf l28/<.] 
 
 •[leaf 129.] 
 
 •[leaf 129;^.] 
 
 *[lcaf 130.] 
 
 *PENBROKSHYRE. 
 
 Peiihroksliire is tlic vttcrmost part of all Wales towards tliQ west, and is 
 compassed round about w/th the sea, saving on tli& northest it toucheth vppon 
 Cardigansh}"re, & Carmardensh}Te. The length therof from ///e north to tlic south 
 is about 26 myles ; the breadth 10, 12, 16, and in brodest place not above iS myles. 
 In which countrey there is 5 market townes, and 148 parish churches. 
 
 *Penbroke standeth vppon one of tlie. gulfes of Milford Hauen, about 6 myles 
 from th& mouth of the said hauen. But on tint southest syde it hath th^ sea wz'thin 2 
 myles, and is enclosed w/th 2 litle brookes, which meet on the west syde of the towne 
 & there make the said gulf, which is about halff a myle brode, & so contineweth for 
 the space of 2 myles, & then falleth into Milford Hauen, much narrower, and is there 
 called Pcnner mouth. 
 
 Tenby (comonh' called Fishing Tcnhy) standeth vppo« the sea, compassed almost 
 round about therw/th, 6 myles est from Pcnbrok ; & 2 m}'les south from it h-eth 
 Calday Hand. 
 
 Harford (comonly called Harford West) is 7 m\'les northwest from Penbroke, and 
 standeth vppon the river of Dugleddy, which 4 myles thence meeteth w/th the Clothy, 
 & so fall into Milford Hauen. 
 
 St. Dauids standeth on tlie very vttermost point of all Wales, w/thin a myle of 
 tlie sea, & was in tymes past an archbishopi^rick, & is yet a bishopprik, vnder whose 
 dioces is Penbrokshyre, & Carmardenshyre. Three myles from St. Dauids lyeth 
 Ramsey Hand, & 6 myles south from thence lyeth dyvers other ilands, but tlie 
 cheiffest are Scalme, Stockholme, Gresholme, Gatesholme, &c. 
 
 */^/jTrt';7/ standeth on the mouth of a small river named Gwyne, 10 myles northest 
 from St. Dauids. 
 
 Newport is 5 myles northest from Fiskard, and standeth vppon the river of Neuern, 
 2 myles from the sea. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Coidrath Forrest. 
 
 Penbroke. 
 
 Carew. 
 
 Marberbury. 
 
 Redcastell. 
 
 Hais. 
 
 Nabarth P^orrest. 
 
 Castells. 
 Nabarth. 
 Kilgarron. 
 
 Kilgarron Forrest. 
 
 Picton. 
 
 Lanhaddon. 
 
 Benton. 
 
 Walwin. 
 
 Haroldston. 
 
 Roch. 
 
 Wiston. 
 Newcastcll. 
 
 There are dyvers others tJiat beare tJie names of castells, but whether they have 
 castells or no I know not, as Castle Male, Castlebigh, Castle Henry, Castle Marton. 
 
 *C ARDIG ANS II YRE. 
 
 Cardiganshire is in proportion lyke a halff moonc. It is in length from the 
 north to the south 30 myles, the breadth in the middest is i 5 myles, & at cch end 
 but 6. It hath the Irish Sea on the west, Merinothsh\"re on the north, Montgomorj'- 
 shyre on the northest, Radnor, & Brecknocshyres on the est, Carmardcnsh\re on the 
 southest, and Penbrokshire on the south. In vv'hich countrey there is 4 market townes, 
 and about Gj parish churches. 
 
 *Cardigan standeth on the south end of the sh}-re, w/thin 3 m}-les of the sea, vppon 
 the river of Tiuy, which there parteth Cardiganshyre from Penbrokeshyre.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 57 
 
 Lanbeder standeth vppon tJic said river of Tiuy, wliizh there parteth Cardigan- 
 shyre from Carmardcnshj-re, i8 myles northest from Cardigan. 
 
 Tregaron standeth vppon ///e said river, 7 myles north from Lanbeder. 
 
 Abcr-ystivith is xj myles northwest from Tregaron, & standeth vppon tlio. river 
 of Ridall, which springeth at Plimlimon Hill (at \\Jiid>. hill the Seuern & tint Wye also 
 do spring), and beneath the townc the Ridall meetcth w/th the Istwith, & therby falleth 
 into the sea. 
 
 Forrests. 
 
 Rcscob Forrest. Lanbeder Forrest. 
 
 *RADNORSHYRE. *[leaf 130/'] 
 
 Radnorshire is the least shyre in South Wales. It is 3 square, & eu^;'y square is 
 about 20 myles. It hath Montgomoryshyre on the north, Shropshire on tlie northest, 
 Herefordshyre on the est, Brecknocksh}TC on tlie south, and the west end toucheth on 
 Cardiganshj-re. In it are 4 market townes, & about 50 parish churches. 
 
 Radnor (comonly called Ncio Radnor, for diffrence of Old Radnor, 2 mj'Ics from 
 thence) standeth in the est end of the shyre, vppon the head of a small river named 
 Somergill, which ronneth from thence to Old Radnor, and so entring into Hereford- 
 shyre, falleth into the Lug beneath Prestain. 
 
 Prcstaine is 4 m)'les northest from Radnor, and standeth vppon the river of Lug, 
 so nigh to Herefordshire that I thinck some part of tlie towne standeth therein. 
 
 Knighton is 4 myles north northwest from Prestaine, and standeth vppon the 
 river Tcme, which there parteth Radnorshyre from Shropshyre. 
 
 Rayadcrgoivy (that is to say tlie fall of the Wye) standeth vppon the Wye, 12 
 myles west from Radnor. 
 
 * Forrests. *[Ieari3i.] 
 
 Radnor Forrest. The Forrest of Knuckells, The Forrest of Bletuach. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Radnor. 
 Dinbod. 
 
 Ceuenlles. 
 Payn. 
 
 Boughrud. 
 Norton. 
 
 Colwin. 
 Aber-edway. 
 
 Having finished the 7 shyres in South Wales, now have at the 6 in North Wales. 
 
 * M O N T G O M O R Y S H Y R E. *[ieaf ii^b.\ 
 
 MontgoniorisJiire is in a maner round, or rather egg forme, having 30 mj'lcs in 
 length & 20 in breadth. It hath on the est Shropshyre, on tlie southest Radnorshyre, 
 on the southwest Cardiganshyre, on the noi'thwest Merinothshyre, and on tlie north a 
 litle pece of Denbighshj-re. In it are 6 market townes & about 50 parish churches. 
 
 Montgomery standeth on the est part of the shyre, w/thin a myle of Shopsh\-re, & 
 lyke distance from the Seuern. 
 
 Poole (comonly called Jl'a/sh Poole') is 5 myles north from Montgomory, and 
 standeth vppon a small broke named Lleding, which hard by falleth into the Seuern. 
 
 Lanuilling is 8 m\'les northwest from Poole, w/thin 3 myles of Denbighsh)'re, 
 & w/thin 4 myles of Shropshyre. 
 
 Neivtoi'jne standeth vppon tlie Seuerne, 6 myles sowthwest from Montgomory. 
 
 *Llan Idles standeth also vppon the Seuern, 8 myles southwest from Newtowne, *[leaf 132. ] 
 & lyke distance from the very head of the Seuern. 
 
 Alaehenllet standeth on the very west end of the shj're, 16 myles northwest from 
 Lan Idlos, vppow the river of Dcu)*, which there parteth Montgomoryshyre frow 
 Merinothshire, and w/thin 8 myles of the meane Irish Sea. 
 
 Castells. 
 
 Montgomory. 
 Engerrimon. 
 
 Gogh. 
 Doleuoren. 
 
 Machauern. 
 Caersuse.
 
 58 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 nieaf 132'^.] *MERINOTHSHYRE. 
 
 McrinotJishirc is 3 square, and zuery square is about 25 myles. On tJio. west 
 square it hath tliG Irish Sea, on tliG northwest & north Carnaruanshyre & Denbigh- 
 shyre, on tlio^ southest a part of Denbighshyre, so much of it as lyeth south of tJi^ 
 river of Dee, and on the south corner Montgomoryshyre, & Cardiganshyre, ffrom 
 which last it is seperated by tli& river Deuy, which parteth North Wales from South 
 Wales. In it are 3 market townes, & 38 parish churches. 
 
 Harlecli (which is the cheiffest towne in the shj-re) standeth at tJie west end of 
 the countrey, vppon ///e sea syde. But Towcn Merioneth (whcrof the countrey taketh 
 name) is a village standing in ///e south corner of the shyre. 
 *[leaf 133.] *Dolgclli is 10 myles southest from Harlech, and standeth vppon a river named 
 
 Auon, which a myle beneath the towne meeteth w/th another as bigg as it selffe, & 6 
 myles thence fall into tlie. sea, at Barmouth. 
 
 Bala standeth vppon tlic river of Dee, ncre vnto the Lake Tegill (out of which 
 the said river cometh), about 14 myles northcst from Dolgclh. 
 
 Castclls. 
 
 Barmouth. | Kemmer. | Thehery. 
 
 •[leaf 1333.] *CARNARUANSHYRE. 
 
 Carnarvansliire is tlie. vttermost part westward of North Wales, and lyke a 
 promontory into tli& sea, reaching from tli& river of Conway to ///e Isle of Bardsey on 
 the west end, which is about 34 myles. At the est end it is 18 myles brode, but the 
 further it strctcheth into the sea the narrower it is. On the north lyeth the Isle of 
 Anglisca, on the est it is seperated by the river of Conway from Denbighshyre, and on 
 the south it toucheth on Merinothshyre. In which countrey there is 5 market townes, 
 & about 60 parish churches. 
 '[leaf 134.] *Carnaruan is a strong towne & castell, founded by K. Edward tlie first, who 
 
 subdewed North Wales, and standeth on tlie north syde of tlie countrey, vppon the 
 mouth of the river Saint, which there fallcth into the Menaj, over against Anglisea. 
 
 Bangor is a bishopps seat, and standeth vppon the said Menai, 7 myles northest 
 from Carnaruan, and 3 from Bewmaris in Anglisea. The Bishopp of Bangor hath 
 vnder his diocess Carnaruanshyre, Anglisea, & Merinothshyre. 
 
 Conway (called in Walsh, Aber-Conwy) standeth on the mouth of the river Conwy, 
 about 8 myles estwards from Bangor. Here at Conway, Carnaruanshyre goeth over 
 the river, and obtaj'neth a great parcell of ground called Ormshead Point, wherein are 
 4 parish churches, besydcs gcntlemens howses, & villages, 
 ■[leaf 1341^.] *AVrt'/« standeth on tlie north syde of the shyre vppon the sea syde, 13 myles 
 
 southwest from Carnaruan. 
 
 Pitlhcly standeth on the south syde of the countrey, vppon a crccke nere the sea 
 syde, 5 myles estwards from Newin. Betwene these two townes ys the narrowest 
 place of Carnaruanshyre. 
 
 Castclls. 
 
 Caer lernrode. 
 
 Sinado. 
 
 Delbadern. 
 
 Carnaruan. 
 
 Conway. 
 
 Dolathelan. 
 
 Dinas Orueg. 
 Dinas Dinlley. 
 Criketh. 
 
 '[leaf 135.] 
 
 *ANGLI SEA. 
 
 Anglisca is an iland, cut from Wales, w/th a small arme of the sea called Menai, 
 ■which in some places is but halff a myle brode. The island it selffe is in a maner 
 round ; ffrom the est to the west is 20 myles, and from the north to the south is about 
 16 myles. In it are 2 market townes, & 68 parish churches. 
 
 Bcivmaris is a proptv towne & castell, standing on the est end of the countrey, 3 
 myles north from Bangor, & 8 west from Conway.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 59 
 
 Newhirgh standeth on IIiq south corner of tliQ Hand, w/thin 2 m)-les of tlio. sea, 
 & as farr from the Mcnai, Htle more then 3 myles from Carnaruan. 
 
 Abcrfraw was in old tj-me the cheiffest Towne of all Wales, but now I thinck it 
 be no market towne. It standeth w/thin a mj-le of //•e sea, 4 mylcs northwest from 
 Newburgh. 
 
 Castclls. 
 
 Bewmaris. 
 
 *DENBIGHSHYRE. .[leaf 135*1 
 
 Denbighshire stretcheth in length from Conway vntill it come w/thin 2 myles of 
 Oswestry, which is from the northwest to the southest about 32 myles ; at ech end 
 it is 16 myles brode, but in the middest in some places not passing 5. On the west 
 it hath Carnaruanshyre, on the north the Irish Sea, on the northest Flintshyre, on the 
 est Chcsh}Te & a \iarce\\ of Flintshyre, on the southest Shropshyre & Montgomorj-- 
 shyre, and on the south Mcrinothshj-re. It hath 3 market townes, & about 55 parish 
 churches. 
 
 *DeiibigIi is a proper towne, walled about, standing in a pleasant valley, on the »[ieaf 136.] 
 northsyde of the countrey, 12 myles southwest from Flint, & w/thin 3 myles of 
 Flintsh}'re. 
 
 Rutliin towne & castell (whereof the Lord Gray of Ruthin taketh name) standeth 
 in the middest of tJie shyre, vppon tlie river Clu)-d, 6 myles southest from Denbigh- 
 shyre. 
 
 Wrixham standeth on tJie est corner of the shyre, w/thin 3 myles of Cheshyre, 
 vppon a litle brooke which ronneth into the Dee, and is 10 myles from Ruthin. 
 
 Castcl/s. 
 
 Denbigh. 
 Ruthin. 
 
 Holt. 
 Dinas-Brain. 
 
 Chirck. 
 
 *FLINTSHYRE. *neaf 136/-.] 
 
 Flintshire lyeth along the mouth of the river of Dee (which seperateth it from 
 Cheshyre), and hath Denbighshire on the southwest, so that the length therof from 
 the northwest to the southest is 20 myles ; the breadth at ech end is 6 myles, but in 
 the middest it is not above 3 myles brode. In which countrey I ff)'nd to be 2 market 
 townes & 20 parish churches. But there is one p^rrcell more of Flintshyre (lying on 
 the southsyde of the river Dee) which is compassed on the est & south w/th 
 Shropshyre, having Cheshyre on the north, & Denbighshyre on the west, which is 
 7 myles long & 6 brode, wherein is 4 parish churches & 2 chapells, which maketh in 
 all 24 parish churches. 
 
 * Flint towne & castell standeth on the west banke of the river of Dee (w///c/; *[l<;af '37 1 
 river is there 3 myles brode), and is 10 myles distant west northwest from Chester. 
 
 Sainct Assapli is 9 m)-les west from Flint, 5 north from Denbigh. It is called in 
 Walsh, Lan Elwy, and standeth bctwene 2 rivers, Cla)d & Elwy, so nere to Denbigh- 
 shyre that I thinck some part of the towne standeth therein. The Bishopp of St. 
 Assaph hath vnder hym part of Denbighshyre, part of Flintshyre, & the He of 
 Prestholmc. The rest of the said sh}-rcs are in the Diocess of the Bishopp of Chester. 
 
 Castclls. 
 
 Flint. 
 Rudlan. 
 
 Trccr. 
 Yowley. 
 
 [leaf 137.^. is blank.] 
 
 Harden, alias Hawardcn. 
 
 *IS LANDS. *[leafi38.] 
 
 Now that we have ronne over all England & Wales, let vs speake a word or two 
 of such Ilandes as be inhabited, & belonging to the Crowne of England, and of such 
 townes & parish churches as be therein.
 
 60 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 \V I G H T. 
 
 The Isle of Wight is called in Latin, Vectis, and belongeth to Hamshyre for 
 temporall jurisdiction, and in spirituall causes yeldeth obaydience to tlie seat of 
 Wincliester, whereof it is a deanry. It is in some places 6 myles distant from tliQ 
 mayne land, and in some places not passing a myle. In forme it representeth almost 
 an egg, being in length 20 myles, & in breadth 10 ; wherein is one market towne, 
 called Newport, standing in the middest therof, vppon a small river, which is made 
 so brode & depe that at a full sea both botes & shipps may come from the sea on 
 tJie norths)-de to the towne, which is 5 myles ; with which towne it hath 36 other 
 townes, villages, & castells, besydes 27 parish churches. Amongst which castells, 
 Caerbro, standing on a hill, almost in the middest of the island, ys tlio. most greatest, 
 ancientest, & most famous. 
 
 *[leaf 138/^] *These Islands do ly vppon tlie. coast of France, and tlic inhabitants therof do 
 
 speake French, but are vnder the crowne of England, whose names do follow : 
 
 Gersey. St. Hilaries. Burho. 
 
 Garnsey. The Cornet. Brehoc. 
 
 Alderne)'. The Herme. Githo. 
 
 Serk. 
 
 Gersey is the greatest of all these, ha\-ing 30 myles in compasse, and is 21 myles 
 distant frow Garnsey. It hath 12 parish churches, w/th a college, which hath a 
 deane & prebendcs. 
 
 Garnsey had in t_\-mcs past 5 religious howscs, & 9 castells, but now there is but 
 one parish church standing in the same. 
 
 Alderney is 7 myles about, and hath a prety towne therin, w/'th a parish church, 
 and hath great plenty of corne, cattell, conies & wild foule; wood only lacketh. 
 '[leaf 139.] * Serk is 6 myles about, and hath another adnexed to it by an isthumus, wherein 
 
 was a religious howse, and great store of conies. 
 
 Sainct Hillaries is fast vppon Gersey, wherein some tymes was a monastary. 
 
 The Cornet hath a castell, and is not passing an arrow shoot from Gersey. 
 
 The Herme is 4 myles about, wherein in tymes past was a chanonry, which after 
 was converted to a howse of Franciscans. 
 
 Burho is otherwise called The Isle of Ratts, because of the huge plenty of ratts 
 vihidi are found there, althowgh otherwise it be replenished with great store of conies, 
 betwene whom and the ratts (as some thinck) those which we call Turky conies are 
 produced. 
 
 »[ieaf 139/'.] *THE ISLES OF SORLINGUES. 
 
 TIte Isles of Sorliiigiies (comonly called The Sillies) do ly in the sea, 20 myles 
 westward from the point of Cornwall, and are in nomber 147, wherof ech one is 
 greater or lesser then another. But there are 20 of them, which for their greatnes & 
 comodities exceed all the rest. Therto (if you respect their position) they are 
 scituate in maner of a circle or ring, having a huge lake or portion of the sea in the 
 middest of them. 
 
 The first & greatest of all is St. Illaries Isle, which is about 5 myles over, or 9 
 myles in compasse ; therein is a parish church, w/th a poore towne belonging therto 
 of 60 howseholdes, besydes a castell. It hath plenty of corne, conies, wild foule, wild 
 swans, puffins, guiles, cranes, & other kyndes of foule, in great abundance. 
 
 The Agnus Isle is 6 myles over, and hath one towne or parish w/thin the same, of 
 5 or 6 howsholdes, be.sydes no small store of hoggs, & conies of sundry coolers. 
 
 The Aiiiwtt hath great store of hoggs & conies, 
 '[leaf 140.] *The Ruseo is very nere so great as St. Maries Isle, & hath w/thin it a fort, & a 
 
 parish church, great store of conies & wild foule. 
 
 The Brier hath a village, castell, & parish church.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 6l 
 
 St. Lides hath a parish church, dedicated to tlta\. Sainct. 
 
 The Tian is a great island, furnished with a parish church, & great store of conies. 
 
 Miinvisaud. 
 
 Smithisound. 1\^qsc are replenished w/th conies & wild garlik, but void of 
 
 Suartigan. \ ^ood & other comodities, saving a short kind of grasse, 
 
 Kousman. j ^ \\QXit & there some firzes, whereon those conies do feed. 
 
 Roiisiiiar. 
 
 Cregioin. J 
 
 Rat Is/and hath such store of monstrous ratts, that if horses or other beasts do 
 chaunce to come or be left there, are sure to be devoured. 
 
 MoncartJiat. Anting. Vollis, r. 
 
 Inis Welseck. St. Martins. Siirivike. 
 
 Siiethiall. Knokvorth. Vollis, 2. 
 
 Ainuall. Sniuilliiicr. Arthurs Isle. 
 
 Notho. Giiiiiilliiu'r. Nenccli. 
 
 Tlie Round Island. Men Wethani. Gothrois. 
 
 These yeld a short kind of grass for conies ; and in tli<t great are sundry lakes, 
 w/th great store of wild foule. 
 
 *Lundy lycth in the Seuern Sea, i6 myles from Wales & 12 fro;« Deuonshyre, ' 
 whereof it is a prtrcell. It is 6 myles long, & in' some 2 or 3 myles brode, & hath a 
 towne w/'th a parish of 40 howsholds. 
 
 Calday hath a parish church w/th a spyre steple, & belongeth to Penbrokshyre. 
 
 Ramsey is 5 myles long & 3 brode."! 
 
 Scalnie, magna, These, w/th d>^-ers other lesser, do belong to 
 
 Scalnie, prt;-ua, \ the. county of Penbrok, and in spirituall 
 
 Stockholine, matters to tlic Bishopp of St. Dauids. 
 
 Gresholine, 
 
 Bardsey belongeth to Carnaruawshyre, is 6 myles long & 4 brode. 
 
 J ''■ /j, !• belong to Anglisea, & ly hard by it. 
 
 Prestliolme lyeth also by Anglisea, is 3 myles long & i brode. 
 Helbree belongeth to Cheshyre, is but a myle over. 
 Waneney, & diuf/'s other less, ly vppo« the coast of Lancashyre. 
 Lindisfarne (now called Holy Hand) l)-eth not farr frow Barwik, and was in 
 tymes past a bishopps seat, ffrom whence it was removed to Durham. 
 
 Fame, & dy\-ers others lying about it, do belong to Northuwh^rland. 
 
 Coket lyeth also by Northuwb«-land, ou^";- against tlie mouth of tJic river Coket. 
 
 *[Coat of Arms of the Isle of Man at top : see Plate 11.] 
 
 The Isle of Man lyeth in the sea, in a maner halfif way betwene England & 
 Ireland, and was in tymes past a kingdome. At this present it belongeth to the Erie 
 of Darby. It hath a bishopp, subiect vnder the Archbishopp of York. It is greater 
 then Anglisea by a third part, wherein in tymes past w^ere 1 300 famalies, of which 
 960 were in the west halff, & the rest in the other. But now^ (throwgh jo}'ning howse 
 to howse & land to land) the halff therof is diminished. There are 2 rivers in the 
 same, whose heads do joyne so ncre that they seeme to part the island in two. The 
 cheiffest townes therein arc these : 
 
 Rushen. St. Michaell. Pala Salla. 
 
 Dunglass. St. Andrew. 
 
 Holme. Kirk Christ. 
 
 St. Brydes. Kirk Louell. 
 
 Bala Cury, the St. Michaes. 
 
 Bishopps Howse. Kirk Santon. 
 
 But of all these Rushen, w/th the Castell, is the strongest. 
 
 1 Thus in the MS. 
 
 Kirk St. Mary. 
 Kirk Concane. 
 Kirk Walu. 
 Home. 
 
 '[leaf 140/'.] 
 
 [leaf 141.]
 
 62 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 •[leaf 141/'.] 
 
 •[leaf 142.] 
 
 -[leaf 142/'.] 
 
 »[leaf r43<5.] 
 
 *It is also in rccompence of wood {which there wanteth) endwed \v/th d>'\'ers 
 prety rivers & fresli waters. It hath also dyvers hilles of name : also sundry fayre 
 hauens, as Ramsey Hauen by north, Laxham Hauen by est, Port Iris by southwest, 
 Port Home & Port Michaell by west. In lyke sort, there are dyvers litle Isletts, 
 as the Calf of Man, on ihit south ; the Pyle on the west; and St. Michaells Isle in 
 the gulf called Ratnothsway in the est. The shcpe in this countrey arc e.xceding 
 huge, well wollcd, and their tayles of such greatnes as is almost incredible. In l>-ke 
 sort are their hoggs in a maner monstrous. They have furthermore great store of 
 barnacles breeding vppon their coasts (but yet not so great store as in Ireland), and 
 do breed vppon old putrified pitched wood, as old shipps, ores, masts, & such lyke. 
 But neither they nor the Irishmen can tell whether they be flesh or fish, ffor although 
 their religious men vsed to eate them as fish, yet elswhere some have have byn 
 trowbled for eating them, as Heretiks & Lollards. 
 
 *There are diuers countreis, islands, & other famous places in England (besydes 
 these spoken of beffore), which shall follow in maner of the alphabeth, wherby you 
 shall p«'ceaue in what shyre euery one lyeth. 
 
 Aiisty, in Yorkshire. 
 
 Axliohne Island, in Lincolnshyre. 
 
 Aiiiiderncs, in Lancashyre. 
 
 Aueland Isle, in Somersetshyre. 
 
 Bhikay-more, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Clcmlaiid, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Copcland, in Cumberland. 
 
 Caniie Hands, in Essex. 
 
 Canford Launds, in Dorcetshyre. 
 
 Cotsivold, in Glocestershyre. 
 
 Dartniorc, in Dcuonshyre. 
 
 Dich-niarsli, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Ely Isle, in Cambridgeshyre. 
 
 Eucshobne- Vale, in Worcestershire, 
 but part of yt lycth in Glocester- 
 shyre. 
 *Fourncs Fells, in Lancashyre. 
 
 Gillsland, in Cumberland. 
 
 Gozure, in Glamorganshyre. 
 
 Grane Isle, in Kent. 
 
 Hallamshyre, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Hexhainshyre, in Northumberland. 
 
 Holland, in Lincolneshyre. 
 
 Holdernes, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Kesteuen, in Lincolnshyre. 
 Liiidsey, in Lincolnsh}'re. 
 Loitingland, in Suffolk. 
 Marshland, in Norfolk. 
 Marshland, in Yorkshyre. 
 Menege, in Cornwall. 
 Muchney Isle, in Somersetshyre. 
 Netherdale, in Yorkshyre. 
 Oxiiey Isle, in Kent. 
 *Piirbeck Isle, in Dorcetshyre. 
 Portland Isle, in Dorcetshyre. 
 Richiiiondshyre, in Yorkshyre. 
 Roseland, in Cornwall. 
 Redsdalc, in Northumberland. 
 Ruuiney-Marsh, in Kent. 
 Salesbury-Playne, in Wiltshj-re. 
 Shepey Isle, in Kent. 
 
 Tanet Isle, in Kent. 
 
 Tindale, in Northumberland. 
 
 Tunbridge Territory, in Kent. 
 
 Werall, in Cheshj-re. 
 
 Wensdale, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 Yorks- Wold, in Yorksh)-re. 
 
 "[leaf 143- ] 
 
 *BURGESES OF THY. PARLIAMENT. 
 The Names of Counties, Citties, Boroughs, and Ports, sending Knights, 
 
 ClTEZENS, BURGESES, & BaRONS, TO 77/E PARLIAMENT OF ENGLAND. 
 
 Bedfordshyre, knights 
 
 The borow of Bedford 
 
 Buckinghdiiiishyre, knights 
 
 The borow of Buckingham.. 
 
 The borow of Wickam 
 
 The borow of Alesbury 
 Barkshyre,Vm^\\.?, 
 
 The borow of Windsor 
 
 The borow of Reding 
 
 The borow of Wallingford .. 
 
 The borow of Abbington .. 
 
 Canibridshyre, knights 
 The borow of Cambridge 
 
 Cheshyre,Vw^\ts 
 
 The cittic of Chester ... 
 
 Cornwall, knights 
 
 The boro"- of Launston 
 The borow of Leskerd... 
 The borow of Lestcthicll 
 The borow of Dunhcuct 
 The borow of Truro 
 The borow of Bodman...
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 63 
 
 •[leaf I44-] 
 
 The borow of Saltash . . . 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Hclston 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Camelford 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Port Low 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Grampound 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Est Low 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Prurj' 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Trcguniaii 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Trcbenna 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of St. lees 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Foy 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of German 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Michacll 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of St. Maries 
 
 2 
 
 Ciiiiiberland, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of CarUle ... . 
 
 2 
 
 Darbysliyrc, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Darby . . . 
 
 1 
 
 DeiionsJiyrc,Vx\\^t<i 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Excester ... 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Totncs . . . 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Plimouth 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of PUmton... 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Barstable 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Tauestoke 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Dartmouth- 
 
 Clifton 
 
 & Hardines 
 
 2 
 
 *Dorcetshyrc, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Dorchester 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Poole 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Lyme . . . 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Melcomb 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of W'aymouth 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Burport . . . 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Shaftesbury 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Warham... 
 
 2 
 
 Essex, kn ights 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Colchester 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Maldon ... 
 
 2 
 
 Glocesters/iyre, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Glocester... 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Cicitcr . . . 
 
 2 
 
 Ihiutiugtonsliyrc, knights . . . 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Huntington 
 
 2 
 
 Hartfordshyre, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of St. Albons 
 
 
 
 Herefordsltyre, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Hereford... 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Lemster... 
 
 2 
 
 Kent, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Cantcrburj^ 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Rochester 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Maidston 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Ouinborow 
 
 2 
 
 Lincolnshyre, knights 
 
 2 
 
 The cittie of Lincolne ... 
 
 2 
 
 The borow of Boston ... 
 
 The borow of Grimsby. .. 
 
 The borow of Stamford 
 
 The borow of Grantham 
 Lancasliyre,Vvi\^\.=, 
 
 The borow of Lancaster 
 
 The borow of Preston ... 
 
 The borow of Lirpoole. . . . 
 
 The borow of Newton ... . 
 
 The borow of Wigan ... 
 
 The borow of Clithero. . . 
 Leicestershyre, knights 
 
 The borow of Lecester 
 Middlesex, knights 
 
 The cittie of London ... 
 
 The cittie of Westminster . 
 Nortliamptonshyre, knights 
 
 The cittie of Peterborow 
 
 The borow of Northampton 
 
 The borow of Brakley ... 
 
 The borow of Higham Ferries 
 Nottingliauisliyre, knights... 
 
 The borow of Nottingham . 
 
 The borow of Est Retford . 
 *A^(7;/('//', knights , 
 
 The cittie of Norwich ... . 
 
 The borow of Linn ... . 
 
 The borow of Great Vermouth 
 
 The borow of Thetford 
 
 The borow of Castell Rysing 
 Noiihuuiberland, knights ... ., 
 
 The borow of Newcastell ., 
 
 The borow of Morpeth 
 
 The borow of Barwik 
 
 Oxfordsliyre, knights 
 
 The cittie of Oxford 
 
 The borow of Banbury... 
 
 The borow of Woodstock ., 
 
 Rutland, knights 
 
 5w;7Yj', knights 
 
 The borow of Southwark . 
 
 The borow of Gillford ... 
 
 The borow of Blechingligh ., 
 
 The borow of Rigate ... . 
 
 The borow of Gatton ... . 
 SliropsJiyre,Vm^'\X.s, 
 
 The borow of Shrewsbury . 
 
 The borow of Bridgenorth . 
 
 The borow of Ludlow ... 
 
 The borow of Wcnlock 
 ScittJianiptonsIiyre, knights 
 
 The cittie of Winchester 
 
 The borow of Southampton 
 
 The borow of Portsmouth . 
 
 The borow of Petersfeld 
 
 The borow of Stockbridge . 
 
 2 *[Ieaf 144/'.]
 
 64 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 The borow of Clirists Church 
 
 So!/u'rsets//j'/r, knights 
 
 The cittie of Bristow 
 
 The cittie of Rath 
 
 The cittie of Wells 
 
 The borow of Taunton 
 
 The borow of Bridgewater . . . 
 The borow of Minhead 
 
 Staffordsliyre, knights 
 
 The cittie of Lichfeld 
 
 The borow of Stafford 
 
 The borow of Newcastell ... 
 The borow of Tamworth 
 
 Suffolk, knights 
 
 The borow of Ipswich 
 
 The borow of Dunwich 
 
 The borow of Orford 
 
 The borow of Aldborowgh ... 
 The borow of Sudbury 
 
 The borow of A)'e 
 
 *[leaf 145.] *5?/j.y^.r, knights 
 
 The cittie of Chichester 
 The borow of Midherst 
 
 The borow of Lewes 
 
 The borow of Shoram 
 
 The borow of Brcmber 
 
 The borow of Staning 
 
 The borow of Grensted 
 The borow of Horsham 
 The borow of Arundcll 
 
 Wartvikshii'e, knights 
 
 The cittie of Couentric 
 
 The borow of Warwik 
 
 Westinerla>id,\ir\\g\\\.s 
 
 The borow of Apelby 
 
 Wiltshi}-e, limghis 
 
 The cittie of New Salesbury 
 
 The borow of Wilton 
 
 The borow of Duncton 
 
 The borow of Hindon 
 
 The borow of Hetsbury 
 The borow of Westbury 
 
 The borow of Calne 
 
 The borow of Deuises 
 
 The borow of Chippenham,.. 
 The borow of Malmsbury ... 
 The borow of Marlborow ... 
 The borow of Criklade 
 The borow of Great Bedwin 
 The borow of Lurgishall 
 The borow of Old Salesbury 
 The borow of Wotton Basset 
 
 Woiresters/ij'ir, knights 
 
 The cittie of Worcester 
 The borow of Durtwich 
 Yorks/ij'ir, knights 
 
 The cittie of York 2 
 
 The bo. of Kingstown sup^^r Hull 2 
 
 The borow of Knaresborow ... 2 
 
 The borow of Scarborow 
 
 The borow of Rippon ... 
 
 The borow of Howdon 
 
 The borow of Borowbrigg 
 
 The borow of Thursk ... 
 
 The borow of Aldborow 
 
 The borow of Beuerley 
 
 WALES. 
 
 Hloiiinoiithsliyre, knights ... . 
 
 The borow of Monmouth . 
 GlainorgausIiyre,k.x\\^\'is ... 
 
 The borow of Cardiff ... . 
 Brccknocksliire, knights ... . 
 
 The borow of Brecknock 
 Caniiai-dciisliirc, knights ... 
 
 The borow of Carmarden . 
 Pe)throksliyre, knights ... . 
 
 The borow of Penbroke 
 RadnorsIiyrc,\s\\g^\.?, 
 
 The borow of Radnor ... 
 Cardigaiisliyrc, knights 
 
 The borow of Cardigan 
 * McvilgoiiiorysJiyre, knights 
 
 The borow of Montgomory. 
 Mcrinoths/iyrc, knights 
 
 The borow of Harlech... 
 Caniarnans/iyre, 'kmghts ... 
 
 Tiie borow of Carnaruan . 
 A //g/is fa, knights 
 
 The borow of Bewmaris 
 Dcnlnglisliyrc, knights 
 
 The borow of Denbigh... 
 F/iiits/iyre, knights 
 
 The borow of Flint 
 
 Baron,s of the Fortes. 
 
 Hiistii/gs 
 
 J Vinchclscy 
 
 Rye 
 
 Rmiiiicy 
 
 Doner 
 
 Hyde 
 
 Saiidzoieh 
 
 SoMMA Totalis of r//E Comon 
 
 HOWSE. 
 
 lleafMS*-] 
 
 Knights . 
 Citezens . 
 Burgcses 
 Barons . 
 
 90 
 
 46 
 
 289 
 
 14 
 
 439
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 65 
 
 •[leaf 146.] 
 
 25. 
 
 January. 
 at Salesbar}'. 
 'at Bristow. 
 at Grauesend, in Kent, 
 at Churchingford. 
 at Northalerton, where a fayre is 
 kept euivy Wensday ffrom 
 Christmas till June. 
 
 *FAYRES. 
 The Month, Day, & Place, of all the Principall Fayres kept in England. 
 
 at Billingworth, the. next Monday 
 after. 
 
 at Euesholm, in Worcestershire. 
 Tewsday in Easter week. 
 
 at Northflete, in Kent. 
 
 at Rochford, in Essex. 
 
 at Hitchin, in Y{a.rtiordshire. 
 23. at Tamworth. 
 
 at Anthill, in 'Qcdiordshire. 
 
 at Heningham, in 'Horio/k. 
 
 at Gilford, in Surrey. 
 
 at St. Pombs, in Cornwall. 
 
 22. at Stopford, in Cheshire. 
 
 23. at Charing, ) j^^ ^^^^ 
 at Wrotham, j 
 at Ipswich, in Suiiolk. 
 at Darby, 
 at Dunmow, in Essex. 
 
 26. at Tenterden, in Kent. 
 The third Sonday after Easter. 
 
 a[t] Louth, in Lincolnshyre. 
 
 May. 
 I. at Rippon, in Yorkshire. 
 
 at Perin, in Cornwall. 
 
 at Oswcstrie, in Shrops/;/;r. 
 
 at Le.xfeld, in Suffolk. 
 
 at Stow on the Wold, in Glocestcr- 
 sliirc. 
 
 at Reading, in Barks//z>^. 
 
 at Lecester. 
 
 at Chelmsford, in Essex. 
 
 at Maidston, in Kent. 
 
 at Brickhill, in 'QwcViugliauishirc. 
 
 at Blakborn, in 'L.2iX\zashire. 
 
 at Congleton, in Q\\e=,liire. 
 3. at Bramyard, in Wexcfordsliire. 
 
 at Heninghrtm, in Norffi?/^'. 
 
 at Elstow. 
 7. at Beuerley, in Yorkshire. 
 
 at Newton, in 'L.dL.ncashire. 
 
 at Oxford. 
 On Assension Day. 
 
 at Newcastell. 
 
 at Yerne. 
 
 at Bermicham, in Wdirwickshire. 
 
 at St. Edcs, in Wuntiiigdonskire. 
 
 at Bishoppstratford, in Hartff/v/- 
 '[Ieafi46#.] *Aprill. shire. 
 
 at W'icham, in Lanc^.f/f/r^. 
 
 February. 
 I. at Bromley, in Kent. 
 
 at Linn, in Norfolk. 
 
 at Bath, in Somexsetshire. 
 
 at Maidston, in Kent. 
 
 at Bickelsworth. 
 
 at Budworth, in Cheshyre. 
 14. at Fauersham, in Kent. 
 On Ashwensday. 
 
 at Lichfeld, in Staffordshire. 
 
 at Roiston, in Hartfordshire. 
 
 at Excester, in Deuoni'/z/rt?. 
 
 at Abbington, in Barks/^'r^. 
 
 at Ciceter, in QXoccstersIiire. 
 24. at Henley vppo« Thamise, in 
 OySordsliire. 
 
 at Tewksbur)-, in QiXozestersliire. 
 
 March. 
 f at Stamford, in Lincolnsh/>^. 
 (^ at Sudburj', in Suffolk. 
 i at Wye, in Kent. 
 13. -| at St. Michalls Mount. 
 
 (at Bodman, in Cornwall. 
 The first Sonday in Lent. 
 
 at Grantham, in Lincolns////-^. 
 at Salesbury, in Wilts/i:/;Y. 
 On Mowday, beffore o?^r Lady Day. 
 at Wisbich, in Ca.mhvidgcshire. 
 at Kendall, in Westvaerland. 
 at Denbigh, in Wales. 
 20 being St. Cuthberts Day 
 at Durham. 
 ( at Northampton. 
 } dX Maldon, in Esse.x. 
 •'' "^ at Great Chart, in Kent. 
 \dX New Castell. 
 at Huntington, cu«y Lady Day. 
 
 *AprilI. 
 5. at Wallingford, in Barks/j'/;-^. 
 7. at Darby. 
 9. at Bickelsworth. 
 
 at Midlewich, j .^ ^^^^^^. 
 at Stopford, J 
 
 re.
 
 66 
 
 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 •[leaf 147.] 
 
 at Chapellfirth, in Darbys///;r. 
 *On Whitson Even. 
 
 at Skipton vppon Craven. 
 On Whitsonday. 
 
 at Ryehill, or Richill. 
 
 at Gribby, & cucry Wensday 
 fortnight. 
 
 at Kingston vppon Thamise. 
 
 at Rachdale, in 'Ls.ncashire. 
 
 at Kirkby Stephen, in Westm«'- 
 laiid. 
 On Monday in Whitson weke. 
 
 at Excester, in Deuonj/«';r. 
 
 at Darington, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 at Bradford, in Yorkshire. 
 
 at Rigate, in Surrey. 
 
 at Burton, in Lansdale. 
 
 at Salford, in Lancashire. 
 
 at Whitchurch, in Shropshire. 
 
 at Cokermouth, in Cv\mher\aiid. 
 
 at Apelby, in Westmt-rhrwa'. 
 
 at Bickelsworth. 
 On Tewsday in Whitson week. 
 
 at Lewes, in Sussex. 
 
 at Rochford, in Essex. 
 
 at Canterbury, in Kent. 
 
 at Ormskirk, in l^a.r\cashiir. 
 
 at High Knutsford, in Cheshire. 
 
 at Herith, in Wcstmtv-land. 
 On Wensda}' in Easter week. [^,v in MS.] 
 
 at Sandbarr. 
 On Trinyty Sonday. 
 
 at Kendall, in Westmer/a/id. 
 
 at Rowell. 
 On Corpus Christi Da)^ 
 
 at Prescot, in 'Lancashire. 
 
 at Stopford, in Ches/^/;Y. 
 
 at St. Annes. 
 
 at Newbery, in Barks/^//r. 
 
 at Couentr}'. 
 
 at St. Edes, in Hunti;i£-dcvishire. 
 
 at Bishopstratford, in Hartford- 
 shire. 
 
 at Ross, in Herefordshire. 
 19. at Donstable, in Bedfordshire. 
 
 at Rochester, in Kent. 
 29. at Cranbrok, in Kent. 
 27. at Lencham, in Kent. 
 Thursday in Rogation week. 
 
 at Rrastcd, in Kent. 
 
 •[leaf 147-^.] 
 
 9- 
 I I. 
 
 *y'//ue. 
 at Maidston, in Kent, 
 at Okingham, in Bs^rkshire. 
 at Ncwborow, in hancashire. 
 at Maxfeld, in Cheshire. 
 
 at Holt, in Denbighshire. 
 
 23 On Midsomer Even. 
 
 at Shrewsbury, 
 at St. Albones. 
 
 24 On Midsomer Day. 
 
 at Heresham, in Kent. 
 
 at Bedall. 
 
 at Strackstock. 
 
 at St. Annes. 
 
 at Wakefeld. 
 
 at Colchester. 
 
 at Reding. 
 
 at Bedford. 
 
 at Barnwell, besyde Cambridge. 
 
 at Wollerhampton. 
 
 at Cranbrok. 
 
 at Glocester. 
 
 at Lincolne. 
 
 at Peterborow. 
 
 at Windsor. 
 
 at Harston, in Suffi?//^. 
 
 at Chester. 
 
 at Lancaster. 
 
 at Halifax. 
 
 at Ashborn, in Darbyshyre. 
 
 27. at Folkston, in Kent. 
 
 28. at Hetcornc, in Kent. 
 
 at St. Pombs, in Cornwall. 
 29 On St. Peters Day. 
 at Woodhurst. 
 at Marlborow, in Wilts////-6'. 
 at Halesworth, in SuffV/'. 
 at Wollerhampton, in Staffordshire. 
 at Petersfeld, in Hamshire. 
 at Lemster, in Herefordshire. 
 at Sudbur)', in Suffo/i. 
 at Gargrange. 
 at Bromley, in Lancashire, 
 at Low Knutsford, in Cheshire. 
 
 *7uly. 
 2. at Congleton, in Cheshire. 
 
 at Ashton vnder L}'ne, in Lancrt- 
 shire. 
 II. at Partney, a horse fiiyre. 
 
 at Lid, in Kent. 
 15. at Pinchback. 
 
 17. at Winchcomb, in CAocestershire. 
 20. at Vxbridgc, in Midlescx. 
 
 at St. Margrets, by Dartford. 
 
 at Catesby. 
 
 at Bolton, in Lancashire. 
 22 On Mary Magdalens Day. 
 
 at Winchester. 
 
 at Marlborow. 
 
 at Colchester. 
 
 •[leaf 14S.]
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 67 
 
 at Tctbury. 
 
 at Bridgcnorth. 
 
 at Clithero, in l^ancas/iire. 
 
 at Northwich, in Ches/iire. 
 
 at Keswik, in Cumherlafid. 
 
 at Battelfeild, by Shrewsbury. 
 25. On St. James Day. 
 
 at Bristow. 
 
 at Doner. 
 
 at Chilham, in Kent. 
 
 at Darby. 
 
 at Ipswich. 
 
 at Northampton. 
 
 at Dudley. 
 
 at St. James, by London. 
 
 at Reading. 
 
 at Lowth. 
 
 at Malmsbury. 
 
 at Bromley, in Kent. 
 
 at Lirpoole, in hancas/iire. 
 
 at Altrincham, in Ches/iire. 
 
 at Rauenglas, in Cumberland. 
 27. at Canterbury. 
 
 at Horsham, in Sussex. 
 
 at Richmond. 
 
 at Warrington, in 'Lancas/iire. 
 
 at ChapcUfirth, in Darhys/iire. 
 
 •[leaf I48<^.] *Aug?lSt. 
 
 I On Lammas Day. 
 at E.xcester. 
 at Brerton, in Ches/iire. 
 at Feuersham. 
 at Dunstable, 
 at St. Edes. 
 at Bedford, 
 at Norham Church, 
 at Wisbich. 
 at York, 
 at Rumney. 
 
 at Newton, in 'Lancas/dre. 
 at Yeland, in Yorks/dre. 
 10 On St. Laurence Day. 
 at Waltham. 
 at Blackmore. 
 at Hungerford. 
 at Bedford, 
 at Stroud, in Kent, 
 at Farnham, in Surrey, 
 at St. Laurence, by Bodman. 
 at Walton. 
 
 at Crowley, in hancas/nre. 
 at Settell, in Yorkshire. 
 at Frodsham, in Ches//ire. 
 at Mereworth, in Kent. 
 15. at Dunmow, in Esse.x. 
 
 at Carlile. 
 
 at Preston, in Aundernes. 
 
 at Wakefeld, f/ie 2 Lady Dais. 
 24. at London. 
 
 at Beggers Bush, besydes Rye. 
 
 at Tewkesbury. 
 
 at Sudbury. 
 
 at Norwich. 
 
 at Otford, in Kent. 
 
 at Northalerton. 
 
 at Douer. 
 
 at R>'e. 
 
 at Crowley, in l^ancas/iire. 
 
 at Nantwich, in Ches/iife. 
 28. at Ashford, in Kent. 
 Sonday after Bartelmew Day. 
 
 at Sandbach, in Cheshire. This 
 
 is now altered, for Sandbach hath 
 
 2 fayres, to say, Tewsday & 
 
 Wensday in Easter weke ; & 
 
 Thursday & Fryday beffore f/ie 
 
 Nativity of our Lady. 
 
 * September. 
 I. at St. Gyles, at tlift Bush. 
 8 On tlift nativytie of our Lady. 
 
 at Wakefeld. 
 
 at Sturbridge. 
 
 at Southwark. 
 
 at Sn}'de. 
 
 at Recolvers, in Kent. 
 
 at Gisborow, both tlia Lady Dais 
 
 at Partney, tlift 3 Lady Daies. 
 
 at Blackborn, in Y^av^cashire. 
 
 at Gisborn, in Yorkshyre. 
 
 at Halton, in Osx^sldre. 
 
 at Vtceter, in 'iX.a'KordsJdre. 
 14. at Richmond. 
 
 at Rippon, a horse fayre. 
 
 at Penhead. 
 
 at Berseley. 
 
 at Waltham Abbay. 
 
 at Wotton vnd^'r Hedge, in Glo- 
 cestcrslnre. 
 
 at Smalding. 
 
 at Chcsterfeld, in Darbys/«y^. 
 
 at Denbigh. 
 17. at Cliff, in Kent. 
 21. at Marlborow. 
 
 at Bedford. 
 
 at Croidon. 
 
 at Hedon, in Holdernes. 
 
 at St. Edmunds Bury. 
 
 at Malton. 
 
 at St. Ives. 
 
 at Shrewsbury. 
 
 *fleaf 149.
 
 68 
 
 WILLIAM smith's 
 
 at Laneham. 
 at Wiltnall. 
 
 at Sittingborn, in Kent, 
 at Braintre, in Essex, 
 at New Brainford. 
 at Katherin Hill, by Gilford, 
 at Douer. 
 at Est Rye. 
 at Canterbury. 
 zg. at Chester, 
 at Lancaster 
 
 at Blackborne, in 'La.ncas/n're. 
 at Cokermouth. 
 at Ashborn, in Darbyshire, 
 at Had ley. 
 
 at Maldon, a horse fayre. 
 at Way Hill, 
 at Nevvbery. 
 at Lecester. 
 
 [leaf 149^] 
 
 
 * October. 
 
 
 4- 
 
 at Michel 1 
 
 
 6. 
 
 at St. Faiths, by Norwich. 
 at Maidston. 
 
 
 8. 
 
 at Herborow, in 'Lecestershire 
 
 at Haruard. 
 
 at Bishopstratford. 
 
 
 I I. 
 
 at Croiston, in Lanc«j///;r. 
 at Gravesend. 
 at Windsor, 
 at Marchfeld. 
 at Colchester. 
 
 
 i8. 
 
 at Ely. 
 
 at Wrickle. 
 
 at Vpane. 
 
 at Thrusk. 
 
 at Bridgenorth. 
 
 at Stanton. 
 
 
 '3- 
 
 at Charing, in Kent. 
 
 
 i8. 
 
 at Burton vppon Trent, 
 at Charlton, in Kent, 
 at Wigan, in 'La.ncashire. 
 at Friswides, in Oxfordj///;r. 
 at Tisdale, in Darbyshire. 
 at Midlewich, in C\\c^/iire. 
 at Holt, in Denbighshire. 
 
 
 21. 
 
 at Safron Waldcn. 
 
 at Newmarket. 
 
 at Hartford. 
 
 at Ciceter, in Gloccstcrskire. 
 
 at Stokesley, in Yorks/«V^. 
 
 23- 
 
 at Preston. 
 
 
 at Bickelsworth. 
 
 
 at Ratchdale, in hancas/iire. 
 
 
 at Low Knutsford, in Ches/iire 
 
 
 at Whitchurch, in Shrops/^/;r. 
 
 31- 
 
 at Wakefeld. 
 
 
 at Ruthin. 
 
 
 * Nouember. 
 
 2. 
 
 at Blechingligh. 
 
 
 at Kingston. 
 
 
 at Maxfeld, in Ches/;/;Y. 
 
 6. 
 
 at Newport Pond, in Essex. 
 
 
 at Stanley. 
 
 
 at Tregni, in Cornwall. 
 
 
 at Salford. 
 
 
 at Lesford, in 'L.z.wcashire. 
 
 lO. 
 
 at Lenton. 
 
 1 1. 
 
 at Marlborow. 
 
 
 at Douer. 
 
 13- 
 
 at St. Edmunds Bury. 
 
 
 at Gilford. 
 
 17- 
 
 at Harlow. 
 
 
 at Hyde. 
 
 19. 
 
 at Horsham. 
 
 20. 
 
 at Hith. 
 
 
 at Engerston. 
 
 23- 
 
 at Sandwich. 
 
 30. 
 
 at Colingborow. 
 
 
 at Rochester. 
 
 
 at Petersfeld. 
 
 
 at Maidenhead, in Barks//2;r. 
 
 
 at Bewdley, in \Norcestershire. 
 
 
 at Warrington, in 'Ldincashu-e. 
 
 
 at Bareford, in Yorksh/;Y. 
 
 
 at Oswestr)', in Shropshire. 
 
 
 December. 
 
 5- 
 
 at Pluckley, in Kent. 
 
 6 
 
 On St. Nicholas Day. 
 
 *[leaf 150.] 
 
 29. 
 
 at Spalding, in Lincolns///;r. 
 at Excester. 
 at Sennock, in Kent. 
 at Arndale. 
 
 at Northwich, in Cheshire, 
 at Sandherst, in Kent. 
 On tlic Conception of oux Lady, 
 at Clithero, in YjAV^zashire. 
 at Malpas, in Ches/z/ri*. 
 at Canterbury, 
 at Salcsbury.
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 69 
 
 •[leafisoi.] *THE HIGH WAIS, FROM ANY NOTABLE TOWNE IN ENGLAND 
 TO THY. CITTIE OF LONDON, AND LYKEWYSE FROM ONE 
 NOTABLE TOWNE TO ANOTHER. 
 
 *[leaf 151.] 
 
 FROM St. Burien, in Cornwall, to 
 
 EXCESTER, & so to LONDON. 
 
 MVLES. 
 
 from St. Burien, to tJi^ Mount ... 12 
 
 from the Mount, to Truro 20 
 
 from Truro, to Bodman 20 
 
 from Bodman, to Launston 12 
 
 from Launston, to Okhampton ... 15 
 
 from Okhampton, to Crokhornwell 10 
 
 from CrokerwcU, to Excester ... 10 
 
 from Excester, to Honiton 12 
 
 from Honiton, to Chard 10 
 
 from Chard, to Crokhorn 6 
 
 from Crokehorne, to Sherborn ... 10 
 
 from Sherborne, to Shaftesbury ... 12 
 
 from Shaftcsbur}', to Salesbury ... 18 
 
 from Salesbury, to Andouer 15 
 
 from Andouer, to Basingstoke ... 16 
 
 from Basingstoke, to Hartlerovv ... 8 
 
 from Hartlerow, to Bagshot 8 
 
 from Bagshot, to Stanes 8 
 
 from Stanes, to London 15 
 
 237 
 
 *Therc is anolhcr way from Excester lo London, 
 and in maner as ncre, which some accompt 
 the better iva_y, and that is 
 
 from Excester, to Honiton 12 
 
 from Honiton, to Burport 16 
 
 from Burport, to Dorchester 12 
 
 from Dorchester, to Blandford ... 12 
 
 from Blandford to Salesbury 20 
 
 and so from Salesbury to London, 
 as beffore. 
 
 FROM TOTNES, TO ExCESTER. 
 
 from Totnes, to Newton Bushell ... 8 
 
 from Newton Bushell, to Excester 12 
 
 FROM PLIMOUTH, TO EXCESTEF 
 from Plimouth, to Plimton ... 
 from Plimton, to Ashburton ... 
 from Ashburton, to Chidley ... 
 from Chidley, to Excester 
 
 20 
 
 3 
 16 
 
 35 
 
 FROM Dartmouth, to Excester. 
 from Dartmouth, pass the ferry, to 
 
 Kingswere. 
 from Kingswere, to Cumpton ... 6 
 from Cumpton, to Newton Bushell. . . 6 
 
 from Newton Bushell, 
 
 MYLES 
 
 to Excester 12 
 
 *FROM Excester, to Barstable. 
 
 from Excester, to Crediton 
 
 from Crediton, to Copleston 
 
 from Copleston, to Coulridge 
 
 from Coulridge, to High Bcckington 
 from Hitrh Beckington, to Barstable 
 
 24 
 
 7 
 3 
 6 
 
 •[leaf 151/'.! 
 
 FROM Excester, to Bristow 
 from Excester, to Columpton 
 from Columton, to Wellington 
 from Wellington, to Taunton 
 from Taunton, to Bridgewater 
 from Bridge-water, to Glassenbury 
 from Glassonbury, to Welles... 
 from Welles, to I5ristow 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 8 
 5 
 7 
 
 1 1 
 
 4 
 15 
 
 60 
 
 There is another way from Excester, to Bristoiv, 
 and nerer by 5 myles, ivhich is from Bridge- 
 water, throivgli Brentmarsh, to Were, or Ax- 
 bridne, Of so to Bristoiv. But no man can 
 travell it ivell, except it be in somer tymc^ or 
 ells ivhen it is a great frost. 
 
 *from Southampton, to Helford, *[ieaf 152.] 
 IN Cornwall, all along the Sea 
 Coast. 
 
 from Southampton, to Ringwood... 
 
 from Ringwood, to Poole 
 
 from Poole, to Milton 
 
 from Milton, pass t/ic ferry, to Way- 
 mouth. 
 
 from Waymouth, to Lyme 
 
 from L)'me, to Exmouth 
 
 from Exmouth, pass the 
 Tingmouth 
 
 from Tingmouth, pass the 
 Dartmouth 
 
 from Dartmouth, pass the ferry, 
 
 Salcomb 
 
 a 
 
 ferr}^ 
 ferry. 
 
 to 
 
 to 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 15 
 
 10 
 12 
 
 to 
 
 take 
 
 gu)-de 
 the ferry. 
 
 to 
 
 from Salcomb, 
 
 Plimouth 
 from Plimouth, pass the ferry, to 
 
 Saltash 
 
 from Saltash, to Low 
 
 from Low, to Foy 
 
 from Foy, pass the ferry, to Truro. .. 
 from Truro, to Helford 
 
 14 
 
 3 
 10 
 
 8 
 18 
 
 6
 
 70 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH S 
 
 ■[leaf 152^.] 
 
 '[leaf 153.] 
 
 FROM Southampton, to Bristow. 
 
 MYLES. 
 18 
 18 
 
 14 
 10 
 
 60 
 
 from Southampton, to Salesbury 
 from Salesbury, to Warmister 
 from Warm istcr, to Bath 
 from Bath, to Bristow 
 
 *FR0M Southampton, to London. 
 
 from Southampton, to Twiford ... 8 
 
 from Twiford, to Alesford 7 
 
 from Alesford, to Alton 7 
 
 from Alton, to Farnham 6 
 
 from Farnham, to Gilford 7 
 
 from Gilford, to Ripley 5 
 
 from Ripley, to Coueham 5 
 
 from Coueham, to Kingston 5 
 
 from Kingston, to Wansworth ... 5 
 
 from Wansworth, to London 5 
 
 FROM BAR.STABLE, TO BRISTOW. 
 
 from Barstablc, to Dunster 
 
 from Dunster, to Comidge 
 
 from Comage, to Weare 
 
 from Weare, to Bristow 
 
 FROM Bristow, to Oxford. 
 
 from Bristow, to Sodbury 
 
 from Sodbury, to Ciceter 
 
 from Ciceter, to Faringdon 
 
 from Faringdon, to Oxford 
 
 *from Bristow, to Shrewsbury. 
 
 from Bristow, to Aust 
 
 from Aust, pass th^ ferry, to Betesley 
 from Betesley, to Monmouth... 
 from Monmouth, to Hereford 
 from Hereford, to Lemster ... 
 from Lemster, to Ludlow 
 from Ludlow, to Shrewsbury... 
 
 60 
 
 18 
 12 
 
 10 
 15 
 
 55 
 
 10 
 12 
 
 14 
 12 
 
 48 
 
 8 
 
 I 
 
 II 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 20 
 
 67 
 
 Another way from Bristow, to 
 Shrewsbury, and so to Chester. 
 
 from Bristow, to Glocester 30 
 
 from Glocester, to Tewkesbury ... 7 
 
 from Tcwksbury, to Worcester ... 13 
 
 from Worcester, to Kiddermistcr 10 
 
 from Kiddcrmister, to Bridgenorth 12 
 
 from Bridgenorth, to Shrewsbury 14 
 
 from Shrewsbury, to Chester 30 
 
 116 
 
 FROM Bristow, to Cambridge. 
 
 Ml 
 
 from Bristow, to Sodbury 
 
 from Sodbury, to Ciceter 
 
 from Ciceter, to Burford 
 
 from Burford, to Woodstock 
 
 from Woodstock, to Buckingham... 
 from Buckingham, to Newport Panell 
 from Newport Panell, to Bedford . . . 
 
 from Bedford, to Gransden 
 
 from Gransden, to Cambridge 
 
 *from Bristow to London 
 from Bristow, to Marsfeld 
 from Marsfeld, to Chippenham 
 from Chippenham, to Calne ... 
 from Calne, to Marlborow 
 from Marlborow, to Hu«gerford 
 from Hungerford, to Nevvbery 
 from Newbery, to Reding 
 from Reding, to Maidenhead... 
 from Maidenhead, to Colbroke 
 from Colbroke, to Brainford ... 
 from Brainford, to London ... 
 
 FROM York, .to Nottingham. 
 from York, to Tadcaster 
 from Tadcaster, to Wentbridge 
 from Wentbridge, to Doncaster 
 from Doncaster, to Maunsfeld 
 from Maunsfeld to Nottingham 
 
 10 
 12 
 10 
 10 
 
 IS 
 10 
 10 
 10 
 10 
 
 97 
 
 ID 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 7 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 7 
 8 
 8 
 
 97 
 
 12 
 
 7 
 20 
 12 
 
 59 
 
 *[leafl53i.] 
 
 FROM York, to Cambridge 
 ffrom York, kepe London way, vntill 
 you come to Huntington, and then 
 you have 12 myles to Cambridge. 
 
 *from Barwik, to York, & 
 London. 
 
 from Barwik, to Belford 
 
 from Belford, to Alnwick 
 from Alnwik, to Morpith 
 from Morpith, to Ncwcastell... 
 from Ncwcastell, to Durham... 
 from Durham, to Darrington... 
 from Darington, to Northalerton 
 from North-Alerton, to TopclifF 
 
 from Topcliff, to York 
 
 from York, to Tadcaster 
 
 from Tadcaster, to Wentbridge 
 from W'entbridge, to Doncaster 
 from Doncaster, to Tuxford ... 
 from Tuxford, to Newark 
 from Newark, to Grantham ... 
 from Grantham, to Stamford... 
 
 SO TO '[leaf 154.] 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 12 
 
 14 
 10 
 
 7 
 16 
 
 8 
 12 
 
 7 
 18 
 10 
 10 
 16
 
 DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 71 
 
 •[leaf 154^.] 
 
 *[leafi55.: 
 
 from Stamford, to Stilton 
 from Stilton, to Huntington 
 from Huntington, to Roiston 
 from Roiston, to Ware ... 
 from Ware, to Waltham... 
 from Waltham, to London 
 
 *FROM York, to Chester. 
 
 from York, to Wethcrby 
 
 from Wetherb}-, to Oteley 
 
 from Oteley, to Bradford 
 
 from Bradford, to Halifax 
 
 from Halifa.x, to Blackston Edge... 
 from Blackston Edge, to Rachdale 
 from Rachdale, to Manchester 
 from Manchester, to Northwich ... 
 from Northwich, to Chester 
 
 FROM York, to Shrewsbury. 
 
 kepe Chester way as beffore, vntill 
 
 you come to Northwich, which is 
 
 from Northwich, to Beeston Castell 
 
 from Beston, to Whitchurch 
 
 from Whitchurch, to Frees 
 
 from Frees, to Shrewsbury 
 
 MVLES. 
 
 12 
 
 from 
 
 9 
 
 from 
 
 15 
 
 from 
 
 13 
 
 from 
 
 8 
 
 from 
 
 12 
 
 from 
 
 — 
 
 from 
 
 258 
 
 from 
 
 FROM LiNCOLNE, TO LONDON. 
 
 from Lincolne, to Ancaster 
 
 from Ancaster, to Bichfeld 
 
 from Bichfeld, to Stamford 
 
 and so frow Stamford, to London, 
 as beffore 
 
 *FROM Boston, to London. 
 
 from Boston, to Donington 
 
 from Donington, to Borne 
 
 from Borne, to Stilton 
 
 and so from Stilton to London, as 
 beffore 
 
 FROM St. Dauids, in Wales 
 
 London. 
 from St. Dauids, to Harford 
 from Harford, to Carmarden 
 from Carmarden, to Newton 
 from Newton, Lanbury ... 
 from Lanbury, to Brecknock 
 from Brecknock, to Hay... 
 from Hay, to Hereford ... 
 from Hereford, to Ross ... 
 from Ross, to Glocester . . . 
 
 6 
 6 
 6 
 8 
 16 
 12 
 
 80 
 
 6^ 
 
 9 
 10 
 
 4 
 12 
 
 103 
 
 16 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 69 
 105 
 
 ID 
 12 
 18 
 
 57 
 
 97 
 to 
 
 12 
 
 24 
 12 
 10 
 16 
 10 
 ■4 
 9 
 12 
 
 Glocester, to Ciceter 
 Ciceter, to Faringdon ... 
 Faringdon, to Abbington 
 Abbington, to Dorchester 
 Dorchester, to Henley ... 
 Henley, to Maidenhead 
 Maidenhead, to Colbrok 
 Colbrok, to London 
 
 MYLES. 
 
 12 
 10 
 
 5 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 7 
 
 16 
 
 *FROM Worcester, to London. 
 
 from Worcester, to Euesham 
 
 from Evesham, to Chipping Norton 
 from Chipping-Norton, to Islipp ... 
 from Islipp, to High Wickam 
 from High- Wickam, to Beconsfeld 
 from Beconsfeld, to V.xbridge 
 from Vxbridge, to London 
 
 203 
 
 •[leaf 155/-.I 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 12 
 20 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 
 15 
 
 84 
 
 FROM CARNARUAN, TO CHESTER, & SO 
 
 TO London. 
 
 from Carnaruan, to Conway 24 
 
 from Conway, to Denbigh 12 
 
 from Denbigh, to Flint 12 
 
 from Flint, to Chester 10 
 
 from Chester, to Nantwich 14 
 
 from Nantwich, to Stone 15 
 
 from Stone, to Lichfeld 16 
 
 from Lichfeld, to Colshill 12 
 
 from Colshill, to Couentrie 8 
 
 from Couentrie, to Daintree 14 
 
 from Daintree, to Towcester 10 
 
 from Towcester, to Stonistretford... 6 
 
 from Stonistretford, to Brickhill ... 7 
 
 from Brickill, to Dunstable 7 
 
 from Dunstable, to St. Albones ... 10 
 
 from St. Albones, to Barnet 10 
 
 from Barnet, to London 10 
 
 197 
 *FROM CaRLILE, to LANCASTER, & SO *[leaf 156.J 
 
 TO London. 
 
 from Carlile, to Keswik 18 
 
 from Keswik, to Gresmere 8 
 
 from Gresmere, to Kendall 14 
 
 from Kendale, to Burton 7 
 
 from Burton to Lancaster 8 
 
 from Lancaster, to Freston 20 
 
 from Freston, to Wigan 14 
 
 from Wigan, to Warrington 12 
 
 fromW'arrington, to Hulmes Chapell 1 2 
 
 from Hulmes Chapell, to Newcastell 10 
 
 from Newcastell, to Stone 4 
 
 from Stone, to Lichfeld 16 
 
 from Lichfeld, to Couentrie 20
 
 72 
 
 WILLIAM smith's DESCRIPTION OF ENGLAND. 
 
 and so from Coucntry, to London, 
 as beffore 
 
 74 
 
 »[leaf 156A.] 
 
 •[leaf 157.] 
 
 237 
 
 FROM Shrewsbury, to London. 
 
 from Shrewsbury, to Watlingstreet 7 
 
 from Watlingstreet, to Shifnall ... 5 
 
 from Shifnall, to Wollerhampton ... 8 
 
 from W'ollcrhampton, to Bermicham 10 
 
 from Bermincham, to Meriden ... 10 
 
 from Meriden, to Couentrye 4 
 
 and so from Coventry, to London, as 
 
 beffore 74 
 
 *from Couentry, to Oxford. 
 
 from Couentrie, to Southam 
 
 from Southam, to Banbury 
 
 from Banbury, to Woodstock 
 
 from Woodstock, to Oxford 
 
 118 
 
 ID 
 10 
 12 
 
 7 
 
 from Couentry, to Cambridge. 
 from Couentry, to Dunchurch 
 from Dunchurch, to Northampton 
 from Northampton, to Higham 
 
 Ferries 
 
 from Higham Ferries, to St. Edes 
 from St.^Edes, to Cambridge 
 
 39 
 
 from Cambridge, to London. 
 from Cambridge, to Slow 
 
 from Slow, to Barkway 
 
 from Barkway, to Ware 
 
 from Ware, to Waltham 
 
 from Waltham, to London . . . 
 
 FROM Oxford, to London 
 from Oxford, to Tctsworth ... 
 from Tetsworth, to Wickam . . . 
 from W'ickam, to Bcconsfeld 
 from Beconsfeld, to Vxbridge 
 from Vxbridge, to London .., 
 
 *from Douer to London. 
 
 from Douer, to Canterbury 
 
 from Canterbury, to Sittingborne.. 
 from Sittingborn, to Rochester 
 from Rochester, to Gravesend 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 46 
 
 6 
 
 7 
 12 
 
 8 
 12 
 
 45 
 
 10 
 10 
 
 5 
 
 7 
 15 
 
 47 
 
 12 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 5 
 ' 80 i 
 
 from Grauesend, to Dartford.. 
 from Dartford, to London 
 
 FROM Rye, to London. 
 
 from Rye, to Plimwell 
 
 from Plimwell, to Tunbridge... 
 from Tunbridge, to Chepstow 
 from Chepstow, to London ... 
 
 12 
 
 55 
 
 15 
 II 
 
 7 
 15 
 
 48 
 
 FROM Vermouth, to Colchester, & 
 so to London. 
 
 from Vermouth, to Lestoff 6 
 
 from Lestoff, to Bliborow 10 
 
 from Bliborow, to Snape Bridge ... 8 
 
 from Snape Bridge, to Woodbridge 8 
 
 from Woodbridge, to Ipswich ... 5 
 
 from Ipswich, to Colchester 12 
 
 from Colchester, to Esterford ... 8 
 
 from Esterford, to Wittam 3 
 
 from Wittam, to Chelmsford 7 
 
 from Chelmsford, to Brentwood ... lO 
 
 from Brentwood, to London 15 
 
 *FR0M WaLSINGHAM, TO LONDON. •[leafiS?*.] 
 
 from Walsingham, to Picknam ... 12 
 
 from Picknam, to Brandon Ferry... 10 
 
 from Brandon Ferry, to Newmarket ID 
 
 from Newmarket, to Witford Bridge 10 
 
 from Witford Bridge to Barkway 12 
 
 from Barkway, to Ware 12 
 
 from Ware, to London 20 
 
 86 
 
 FROM Vermouth, to Norwich. 
 
 from Vermouth, to Ockell 8 
 
 from Ockell, to Norwich 8 
 
 FROM Norwich, to London. 
 
 from Norwich, to Windham 
 
 from Windham, to Atlebur\- 
 
 from Atlcbury, to Thetford 
 
 from Thetford, to Icklingham 
 from Icklingham, to Newmarket ... 
 from Newmarket to Barkway 
 and so from Barway to London, as 
 beffore 
 
 16 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 10 
 
 6 
 10 
 22 
 
 32 
 '90 
 
 1 llie MS. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 [leaf 15817. contains sliielJs of the author's Arms, and of his family connections : see Plate XVII.
 
 PLATE I- 
 
 Dacliy of Lancaster.
 
 PLATE 
 
 Yorkshire.
 
 ARCHBISHOPS AND BISHOPS, 
 
 PLATE 111 
 
 CANTERBURY. 
 
 YORK. 
 
 London. 
 
 Worcester. 
 
 Winchester. 
 
 Nurwicli. 
 
 Lincoln. 
 
 Hereford. 
 
 Lichfield & Covenlrv'. Chichester. Bath &l Wells. 
 
 Exeter. 
 
 Peterborough. Rochester. Gloucester. 
 
 Bristol.
 
 PLATE IV. 
 
 BISHOPS. 
 
 Oxford. 
 
 St. Asaph. 
 
 Llandaff. 
 
 Bangor. 
 
 Durham. 
 
 Qi ester. 
 
 Carlisle. 
 
 EARLS OF PEMBROKE. 
 
 i. N5^ 
 
 "•1 1«. 
 
 W- 
 
 
 y.
 
 PLATE V. 
 
 EARLS OF KENT. 
 
 NORTHUMBERLAND. 
 
 %^M 
 
 LEICESTER
 
 SURREY. 
 
 PLATE VI 
 
 EARLS OF WARWIC K,
 
 PLATE VI 
 
 EARLS OF SOUTHAMPTON 
 
 
 W ^^"W 
 
 BEDFORD. 
 
 JA 
 
 17.
 
 PLATE VII 
 
 WALES AND CHESTER 
 
 EARLS OF WINCHESTER 
 X
 
 PLATE IX, 
 
 EARLS OF LINCOLN 
 
 %Xl. 
 
 WORCESTER 
 
 EARLS OF WILTSHIRE.
 
 PLATE X. 
 
 EARLS OF ESSEX 
 
 EARLS OF NORTHAMPTON 
 
 EARLS OF SALISBURY.
 
 PLATE XI
 
 PLATE XI 
 
 SOM ERS ET, 
 
 H U NTI NG D N 
 
 ^I^ 
 
 t t.t 
 
 DUKES OF N RFOLK 
 
 
 m 
 
 Wgf 
 
 y
 
 PLATE XI 
 
 CAM BRIDGE. 
 
 STAFFORD. 
 
 BUCKINGHAM. 
 
 EXETER 
 
 WESTMORELAND. 
 
 NORWICH.
 
 PLATE XIV.
 
 PLATE XV. 
 
 EARLS OF GLOUCESTER 
 
 T-'T'::,":.^. 
 
 m^ 
 
 SUFFO LK
 
 PLATE XVI 
 
 EARLS OF NOTTINGHAM 
 
 
 CUMBERLAND. 
 
 EARLS OF RUTLAND. 
 
 YORKSHIRE.
 
 PLATE XVII.
 
 PLATE XVIII, 
 
 ■3 . our jCaJy, 
 ■^.S^-jhtJrtrves. 
 

 
 PLATE XIX.
 
 PLATE XX. 
 
 WlNCHEje^Xi:!^. 

 
 PLATE XXI. 
 
 
 T^t f6i^ 'path, 
 r^e Crvfs 3*A'. 1 
 
 C. 
 
 l/l Ct^n^^a//' 1 
 
 1> 
 
 7^c/%- 
 
 % 
 
 rA 7Di(i3a^^. 
 
 F 
 
 jj^Arfcjrt-fiMt ■
 
 PLATE XXII. 
 
 S-tp7j/}e(>^<: ni ybirtjh-h-t
 
 PLATE XXIII. 
 
 -T^e CaTltX 
 
 Cambridge. 

 
 PLATE XXIV. 
 
 iiP 
 
 mmmm 
 
 \] Oxy^oRp. 1
 
 PLATE XXV. 
 
 ■2.- j*r^^^»i'T- 
 
 a. c/nifif c/)u.rc/i . 
 
 ll- S^'Trt'vt/y fori-. 
 75. ji^-fAtYrifp- 
 
 10. ■:henjaa&r.
 
 PLATE XXVI
 
 PLATE XXVIl. 
 
 
 f. m< 
 
 •V'' 
 
 
 ^((^w^wmim 
 
 
 
 fhtS^ W ^r^^ J -raj -VI . tth 3«
 
 PLATE XXVIII.
 
 INDEX, 
 
 Abbeys which sometime were in Yorkshire, 
 
 p. so. 
 Agas (Ralph), his view of Cambridge, ix. 
 Altensteig, Arms of, Plate XVII. 
 Altensteig (Francis), father-in-law of 
 
 William Smith, vi. 
 Anglisea, 58-59 ; Castles, 59. 
 Archbishops, Arms of, Plate III. 
 Arms (College of), William Smith becomes 
 
 an officer of, vii. 
 Arundel (Earls of). Arms of. Plates VI., XI. 
 Aumale (Duke of), Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 
 Barkshire, 14-15. 
 
 Bath, View of, Plate XXI. 
 
 Bath (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 
 Bedford, Arms of, Plate I. 
 
 Bedford (Baron, Earl and Duke of). Arms 
 
 of. Plates IV., VII. 
 Berkshire, 14-15. 
 Bishoprics in England, 4. 
 Bishops, Arms of. Plates III., IV. 
 Bond (E. A.), Principal Librarian of the 
 
 British Museum, v. 
 Bostock, Arms of, Plate XVII. 
 Bostock (Ralph), of Norcroft, grandfather 
 
 of William Smith, vi. 
 Brecknockshire, 55 ; Castles, 55. 
 Bristol, View of, vi, viii, Plate XXV. 
 Bristow and Cornwall (Earl of). Arms of, 
 
 Plates VII., XIV. 
 Brittain (Earl of), Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 Buckingham, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Buckingham (Earls and Dukes of), Arms of, 
 
 Plate XIII. 
 Buckinghamshire, 32 ; Forests in, 33. 
 Burgesses of the Parliament, x, 62-64. 
 
 Cambridge, View of, i.\, Plate XXIII. 
 Cambridge (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 Cambridgeshire, 29-30. 
 Canterbury, View of, Plate XVIII. 
 Cardiganshire, 56-57 ; Forests, 57. 
 Carlisle (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XI. 
 Carmardenshire, 55 ; Forests, 55 ; Castles, 
 
 Carnarvanshire, 58 ; Castles, 58. 
 Castles in England : — 
 
 Cheshire, 46. 
 
 Cumberland, 52. 
 
 Darbyshire, 42. 
 
 Durham, 5 i. 
 
 Herefordshire, 36. 
 
 Kent, 9. 
 
 Lancashire, 47. 
 
 Northumberland, 53. 
 
 Shropshire, 44. 
 
 Staffordshire, 43. 
 
 Westmerland, 51. 
 
 Yorkshire, 50. 
 in Wales. 
 
 Anglisea, 59. 
 
 Brecknockshire, 55. 
 
 Carmardenshire, 56. 
 
 Carnarvanshire, 58. 
 
 Denbighshire, 59. 
 
 Glamorganshire, 55. 
 
 Merinothshire, 58. 
 
 Monmouthshire, 54. 
 
 Montgomeryshire, 57. 
 
 Penbrokshire, 56. 
 
 Radnorshire, 57. 
 Channel Islands, 60. 
 Cheshire, 44-46 ; Forests, 46 ; Castles, 46. 
 
 , Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 Chester, Sketch of, Plate XXIV. 
 
 Chester (Earls of), Arms of. Plates VII., 
 
 VIII. 
 Clarence (Duke of),, Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 Colchester, Sketch of, Plate XX. 
 Cornwall, 22-24. 
 Cornwall (Earls and Dukes of), Arms of, 
 
 Plate VII. 
 Coventry, Sketch of, Plate XXVI. 
 Crace Collection of London Maps referred 
 
 io, ix. 
 Cumberland, 51-52; Forests, 52; Castles, 52. 
 Cumberland (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 
 Darbyshire, 41 ; Forests, 42 ; Castles, 42. 
 Denbighshire, 59; Castles, 59. 
 Derby (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XIV. 
 
 10
 
 74 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Derbyshire, 41-42. 
 
 Dethick (Sir Gilbert), Garter King-at-Arms, 
 
 vii, viii. 
 Devon (Earl of), Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 Devonshire, 20-22. 
 
 Devonshire (Earls of), Arms of, Plate XI. 
 Dorset (Marquesses of), Arms of. Plates XL, 
 
 XIII. 
 Dorsetshire, 17-18 ; Forests in, 18; Vales, 18. 
 Dover, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Durham, 50-51 ; Forests, 51 ; Castles, 51. 
 
 Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 (Bishopric of). Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 England, How England took name, i. 
 
 ■ ~ A Description of, 2. 
 
 Shyres in, 2-3. 
 
 Bishoppricks in, 4. 
 
 Four Principall Rivers in, 4-5. 
 
 Wonders in, ix, 6. 
 
 Map of, frontispiece. 
 
 Essex, 24-25 ; Forests in, 25. 
 Essex (Earls of). Arms of, Plate X. 
 Estalnge (Earl of). Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 Exeter, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Exeter (Marquis and Dukes of), Arms of, 
 Plate XIII. 
 
 Fairs kept in England, x, 65-68. 
 
 Fhurer (Christopher), the Anglia Descriplio 
 
 dedicated to him, vi. 
 Finden's (Anthony von) View of London, ix. 
 Flintshire, 59; Castles, 59. 
 Forests in England : — 
 
 Buckinghamshire, 33. 
 
 Cheshire, 46. 
 
 Cumberland, 52. 
 
 Darbyshire, 42. 
 
 Dorcetshire, 18. 
 
 Durham, 5 i. 
 
 Essex, 25. 
 
 Glocestershire, 35. 
 
 Hamshire, 13. 
 
 Herefordshire, 36. 
 
 Lancashire, 46. 
 
 Leicestershire, 38. 
 
 Northamptonshire, 32. 
 
 Nottinghamshire, 41. 
 
 Rutland, 39. 
 
 Shropshire, 44. 
 
 Somersetshire, 20. 
 
 Staffordshire, 43. 
 
 Sussex, lo-i I. 
 
 Westmerland, 5. 
 
 Wiltshire, 16. 
 
 Worcestershire, 37. 
 
 Yorkshire, 56. 
 in Wales. 
 
 Cardiganshire, 57. 
 
 Carmardcnshire, 55. 
 
 jMonmouthshire, 54. 
 
 Penbrokshire, 56. 
 Radnorshire, 57. 
 
 Furnivall (F. J.), draws the editors' atten- 
 tion to Smith's MS., v. 
 
 Glamorganshire, 54-55 ; Castles, 55. 
 
 Gloucester (Earls and Dukes of). Arms of. 
 Plates IV., XIII., XV. 
 
 Gloucestershire, 34-35 ; Forests in, 35. 
 
 Hamshire, 12-14. 
 
 Harrison's Description of England referred 
 
 to X. 
 Hartfordshyre, 26. 
 Hastings, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Hereford, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Hereford (Viscount, Earls, and Duke of), 
 
 Arms of, Plate XL 
 Herefordshire, 35-36 ; Forests, 36; Castles, 
 
 36. 
 Hertford (Earl of). Arms of, Plate XIV. 
 Hertfordshire, 26. 
 Highways from any notable town in England 
 
 to the city of London, and from one 
 
 notable town to another, x, 62-72. 
 Holy Island, or Lindisfarne, 61. 
 Huntingdon (Earls of). Arms of. Plates 
 
 XII., XIII. 
 Huntingdonshire, 30-31. 
 
 Ipswich, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Islands, 59-62. 
 
 Kent, 6-g ; Castles in, g ; Manor places 
 
 belonging to the King, 9. 
 Kent (Earls of). Arms of, Plate V. 
 Kingston, Arms of, Plate I. 
 
 Lancashire, 46-47; Forests, 47 ; Castles, 47. 
 Lancaster, Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 (Duchy of). Arms of, Plate I. 
 
 Leicester, Arms of, Plate II. 
 Leicester (Earls of), Arms of, Plate V. 
 Leicestershire, 38 ; Forests, ?8. 
 Lichfield, Sketch of, Plate XXVI. 
 Lincoln, Arms of, Plate II. 
 Lincoln (Earls of). Arms of, Plate IX, 
 Lincolnshire, 39-40. 
 Lindisfarne or Holy Island, 61. 
 London, Arms of, Plate I. 
 
 View of, Plate XXVIII. 
 
 Lundy Island, 61. 
 
 Lyne's (Richard) View of Cambridge, ix. 
 
 Man, Isle of, 61-62 ; Arms of, Plate 11. 
 
 Manorplacesbelongingto the King — Kent, 9. 
 
 Merinothshire, 58 ; Castles, 58. 
 
 Methuen (Sir Paul), possessor of the "De- 
 scription of England," v. 
 
 Middelsex, 25-26. 
 
 Miles, difference between the reputed and 
 measured, x.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 75 
 
 Monmouthshire, 53-5+; Forests, 54; 
 
 Castles, 54. 
 Montgomeryshire, 57 ; Castles, 57. 
 Moors in Somersetshire, 20. 
 
 Newcastle, Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 Noble's History of the College of Arms, 
 
 7-eferred to v, vii, viii. 
 Norfolk, 28-29. 
 Norfolk (Earl and Dukes of), Arms of, 
 
 Plate XII. 
 Northampton, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Northampton (Earls and Marquess of), 
 
 Arms of, Plates X., XII. 
 Northamptonshire, 31-32 ; Forests in, 32. 
 Northumberland, 52-53 ; Castles, 53. 
 Northumberland (Earls of), Arms of, Plates 
 
 v., XII. 
 Nor^vich, View of, Plate XXVII. 
 Norwich (Earls of), Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 Nottingham, Arms of, Plate II. 
 Nottingham (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 Nottinghamshire, 40-41 ; Forest, 41. 
 Nuremberg, William Smith settled there for 
 
 a time, vi. 
 
 Oxford, Sketch of, Plate XXIV. 
 Oxford (Earls of), Arms of, Plate XI. 
 Oxfordshire, 33 ; Forests in, 33. 
 
 Parliament, Burgesses of the, x, 62-64. 
 Pearson's (Dr.) remarks on the difference 
 
 between the reputed and measured 
 
 miles, X. 
 Pembroke (Earls of). Arms of, Plates IV., 
 
 VII., XIII. 
 Pembrokshire, 56; Forests, 56; Castles, 56. 
 
 Radnorshire, 57 ; Forests, 57 ; Castles, 57. 
 Richmond (Earls and Duke of), Arms of, 
 
 Plates XII., XVI. 
 Rivers, four principall, in England, 4-5. 
 Rochester, View of, Plate XIX. 
 Rutland, 38-39 ; Forests, 39. 
 Rutland (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XVI. 
 
 Salisbury, Sketch of, Plate XXI. 
 
 Salisbury (Earls of), Arms of, Plate X. 
 
 Scilly Isles, 60-61 
 
 Shires in England, 2-3. 
 
 in Wales, 3. 
 
 Shrewsbury, Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 Shrewsbury (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XI. 
 
 Shropshire, 43-44 ; Forests, 44 ; Castles, 44. 
 
 Sloane (Sir Hans), possessor of the " De- 
 scription of England," v. 
 
 Smith, Arms of, Plate XVII. 
 
 Smith of Cuerdley, vi. 
 
 Smith (Jane), mother of William Smith, her 
 death, vi. 
 
 Smith (Randle) of Oldhaugh, father of 
 William Smith, vi ; his death, vii. 
 
 Smith (Veronica), wife of William Smith, vi. 
 
 Smith (William), account of his life, y ; 
 made Rouge Dragon pursuivant, vii ; 
 list of his works, xi-xiv ; list by himself, 
 
 XV. 
 
 Somerset (Earl and Dukes of). Arms of, 
 
 Plate XII. 
 Somersetshire, 18-20; Forests in, 20; 
 
 Jilores, 20. 
 Sorlingues, Isles of, 60-61. 
 Southampton, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Southampton (Earls of). Arms of, Plate VII. 
 Stafford, Sketch of, Plate XXVI. 
 Stafford (Earls of). Arms of, Plate XIII. 
 Staffordshire, 42-43 ; Forests, 43 ; Castles, 
 
 43- 
 Stonehenge, View of, Plate XXII. 
 Stuckley's (William) View of London, ix. 
 Suffolk,' 27-28. 
 Suffolk (Earls and Dukes of). Arms of. 
 
 Plates IV., XV. 
 Surrey, 1 1-12. 
 Surrey (Earls and Duke of), Arms of, Plate 
 
 VI. 
 Sussex, 9-1 1 ; Forests, lo-ii. 
 Sussex (Earl of). Arms of, Plate XXII. 
 Swenter, Arms of, Plate XVII. 
 
 Vales in Dorcetshire, 1 8. 
 
 Wales, 53-59 ; Shires in, 3. 
 
 Wales (King and Princes of). Arms of. 
 
 Plates VII., VIII. 
 Warren and Surrey (Earls of), Arms of, 
 
 Plate VI. 
 Warwick, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Warwick (Earls of), Arms of, Plate VI. 
 Warwickshire, 37-38. 
 Westmoreland, 51; Forests, 51; Castles, 
 
 51. 
 Westmoreland (Earls of). Arms of, Plate 
 
 XIII. 
 Wight, Isle of, 60. 
 Wiltshire, 15-17; Forests in, 16, 
 Wiltshire (Earl of). Arms of, Plate IX. 
 Winchester, Sketch of, Plate XX. 
 Winchester (Earls and Marquis of). Arms 
 
 of, Plate VIII. 
 Wonders in England, ix, 6. 
 Worcester, Arms of, Plate I. 
 Worcester (Earls of). Arms of, Plate IX. 
 Worcestershire, 36-37 ; Forests, 37. 
 
 York, Arms of, Plate II. 
 
 York (Duke of). Arms of. Plates II., XIII. 
 
 Yorkshire, 47-50 ; Forests, 50 ; Castles, 50 ; 
 
 Abbais which sometime were, 50 ; Arms 
 
 of, Plate II.
 
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 Return this material to the library 
 
 from which It was borrowed. 
 
 
 
 NOV 2 6 1996
 
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