352. 
 
 
 Sbl MOO 
 
POEMB 
 
 NORTH YORKSHIRE DIALECT, 
 
 BY THE LATE 
 
 JOHN CASTILLO, 
 
 JOURNEYMAN STONEMASON AND WESLEYAN REVIVALIST, 
 
 Edited, with a Memoir and Glossary, by 
 
 GEOEGE MAEKHAM TWEDDELL, 
 
 Fellow of the Koyal Society of Northern Antiquaries, Copenhagen ; Cor- 
 responding Member of the Eoyal Historical Society, London ; Author 
 of "Shakspere, his Times and Contemporaries," "The Bards 
 and Authors of Cleveland and South Durham, 1 ' "The People's 
 History of Cleveland and its Vicinage," " The Visitor's 
 Handbook to Kedcar, Coatham, and Saltburn-by- 
 the-Sea," " The History of the Stockton and 
 Darlington Bailway," &c , <fcc. 
 
 &OSE COTTAGE, STOKESLEY 
 PUBLISHED BY THE EDITOK. 
 
 J. GOULD, PKINTEK, MIDDLESBROUGH. 
 
 1878.' 
 
TO THE KEADEE. 
 
 Persons having copies of Castillo's Poems in his own handwriting, will 
 ve y much oblige the Editor by lending them to him for a time, that he 
 may compare his own copy with them, and thus help to restore them to 
 what Castillo intended them to be. They will be carefully returned. 
 
 Eose Cottage, Stokesley. 
 
TO 
 
 YEOMAN, 
 
 OF DANBY HEAD, 
 
 One of that fasL-disappearincj r/r/.v.s t,n our JKnylixh eommunity 
 the fanners who cultivate their own land and, their own brants 
 / Dedicate this humble attempt to do justice to the Memory 
 of his departed friend, JOHN CASTILLO; hop ing soon to pub- 
 lish a correct edition of the Local Poems of the same Author, 
 uniform for binding with the present pieces in the Dialect of the 
 District. 
 
 GEORGE MARKHAM TWEDDELL. 
 
 Rose Cottage, Stokesley. July, 1878. 
 
 801765 
 
TO CASTILLO. 
 
 ALTHOUGH our creeds might vary, Castillo, 
 And our amusements might not be the same, 
 (For thou wouldst look with horror on my love 
 For the fine dramas with which Sophocles, 
 Euripides, and Terence, moved the souls 
 Of Greeks and Eomans in the days of old ; 
 And those of Marlowe, Shakspere, and the rest 
 Of England's noblest dramatists; would scorn 
 To dance around the Maypole with a maid 
 Fair as the lily and as spotless too ;) 
 Yet as thou loved my Cleveland's hills and dales, 
 And had compassion for her people's souls, 
 And strove to win them from all wicked ways; 
 Though thou too oft mi^ht in confusion blend 
 Mere innocent enjoyments with their abuse ; 
 I love thee, noble if mistaken soul ! 
 And would much rather err with Puritans- 
 Earnest, though much too solemn than defile 
 My spirit In the brutalizing pools 
 Of sensual debasements. And I would fain 
 Pay thee such honour as thou merited, 
 Among our Cleveland poets, though thy rank 
 Be not the highest : thou hast gain'd the hearts 
 Of cumbers whom no other bard has won ; 
 And as the vocal songsters of the grove 
 Vary in compass and in melody, 
 Yet all are welcome to the naturalist, 
 So in our poesy : not Homer's strains, 
 Nor Dante's visits to the nether realms, 
 Nor Milton's soaring to eternal day. 
 Are for all readers. Humble lays like thine 
 Solace the lab'ring dalesman in his toil, 
 Help him to bear the numerous ills of life, 
 And teach his soul to look from earth to heaven. 
 
 PETER PROLETAKIUS. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Memoir ... ... ... ... ... ... 7 
 
 Awd Ahzaak, Fait Fost . . ... ... ... 17 
 
 Fait Second ... ... ... ... 29 
 
 Hiz Deein' Advice ... ... ... 32 
 
 T' Leealholm Chap's Lucky Dreeam ... ... ...30 
 
 T' Beeldin' o' Glaisdill Brigg, Fait Fost ... ... ... 38 
 
 Fait Second ... ... 41 
 
 Pickerin' Steeple Chass ... ... ... ... 42 
 
 Pooer Patch ... ... ... ... ... 50 
 
 Rooasdill Bob an' Hartoft Tom 51 
 
 Wesley anism at Eeasby ... ... ... ... 55 
 
 Popery ... ... ... ... ... ... 56 
 
 T' Race Cooars i' Ruins ... ... , , 
 
 Glossary ... ... f ... ... ... 
 
 Tailpieces by Bewick, pages 40, 40, 61 and 76. 
 ,, by Linton, pages 16 and 50, 
 
PREPARING FOR PUBLICATION, UNIFORM FOR BINDING WITH THE 
 PRESENT WORK, THE 
 
 LOCAL POEMS 
 
 OF THE LATE 
 
 JOHN CASTILLO, 
 
 EDITED, WITH HISTORICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL NOTES, 
 
 BY 
 M^FJKH/jVI TwEDDELt, 
 
 And Illustrated with several Engravings, 
 
 Price One Shilling to Subscribers, and One Shilling and 
 Sixpence to Non- Subscribers. 
 
 Persons anxious to secure copies at Subscribers' price, must 
 give in their names and addresses to the Editor, at Rose Cottage, 
 Stokesley, 
 
MEMOIR. 
 
 JOHN CASTILLO was born at Rathfarnum, three miles from Dub- 
 lin, in the year 1792 ; his parents, like the great majority of the 
 people of Ireland, being Roman Catholics ; an obnoxious state 
 church doing more than anything else to retard the enlighten- 
 ment of the people. Ireland at that time nominally possessed 
 two houses of parliament of its own ; but as the so-called repre- 
 sentatives of the Irish people were exclusively elected by a hand- 
 ful of Protestants, and many of these members were in the pay 
 of the British gOTernment, which for centuries ruled the Emerald 
 Isle with a rod of iron, the entire extinction of that parliament 
 eight years later was no great loss to the country. Sir Hercules 
 Langrishe had, indeed, in the year of Castillo's birth, succeeded 
 in carrying a bill to allow Roman Catholics to practice the law, 
 and removing certain restrictions on education, trade, and inter- 
 marriages ; but when the Dublin merchants petitioned for the 
 restoration of the elective franchise, and other civil rights, to 
 Roman Catholics, a Mr. Latouche moved that their request be 
 rejected, and his motion was carried by a large majority. 
 
 The mischievous interference of governments in theology has 
 in all ages caused immense crime and misery ; and until mankind 
 come to regard religion as a thing entirely between themselves 
 and their Heavenly Father, with which no human authority has 
 the least right to interfere, and mere speculative opinions as 
 matters for which no man is to be called to account by his fellow- 
 man, much less to be made to suffer pains and penalties, there 
 can be no real civil and religious liberty ; and without civil and 
 religious liberty no people can be truly happy. Under the cloak 
 of religion, spoliation and persecution, generation after generation, 
 were perpetrated on the poor population of that noble island, 
 whose savage kerns, under proper government, might have been 
 developed into one of the finest peoples on this planet. 
 
 " 'Tis well to cultivate each yard of soil 
 For corn, and fruits, and flowers; it is well 
 To probe the earth for minerals that may 
 Be fused to human use; but it is vain 
 To prate of ' wealth of nations ' in our pride 
 X"ea, bloated ignoranco if we despise, 
 
H MEMOIE. 
 
 Neglect, or scorn, the meanest child that's born 
 Of meanest parents ; for there is a wealth 
 To b i developed by all nations yet, 
 In whose bright rays all other wealth will pale." 
 
 PETER PROLETARIUS. 
 
 Under such misgovernment. Irishmen could not entertain feel- 
 ings of friendship for England, and many of them had enlisted 
 into the armies of France, fighting against her for despotic kings, 
 whilst others were amongst the best soldiers in the army of 
 American Independence. And when Castillo was born there was 
 a ferment throughout Europe. France, just risen, like a mighty 
 giant, from eight centuries of cruel oppression, was bravely defy- 
 ing the world for that liberty which, when gotten, she knew not 
 how best to use : so that in Ireland, as elsewhere, the oppressed 
 looked to her for succour ; whilst timid reformers in England 
 were scared by some French excesses into bolstering up all the 
 rottenness and wrong- doing of their own government, some of 
 them, like Burke, becoming more rabid than those who had 
 always been opposed to all reform. The history of Ireland at 
 the time of Castillo's birth is a subject I would strongly recom- 
 mend my readers to study, as we even yet know far too little of 
 the sister kingdom. No wonder that Castillo's parents should 
 leave their oppressed country, where tortures on the one hand, 
 and secret conspiracies on the other, were the order of the day ; 
 a country of which an able Lishman, GEORGE HOLMES,* a few 
 
 * SKETCHES IN SOME or THE SOUTHERN COUNTIES ON IRELAND, COL- 
 LECTED DURING A TOUR IN THE AUTUMN, 1797, IN A SERIES OF LET- 
 TERS, is a delightful octavo volume, published in London in 1801. The 
 work is illustrated with beautiful views of the interior of the Abbey of 
 Holy Cross, the cathedral-crowned Rock of Cashel, Cormac's Chapel on 
 the south side of the said cathedral, Eoss Castle, Mucruss Lake, and Lis- 
 more Castle, etc., from his own pencil ; and the sixteen Letters of which 
 the volume is composed are not only most pleasant reading, but are full of 
 historical and archaeological information, both his father and himself being 
 well versed in antiquities. The book was dedicated to the Duchess of 
 Devonshire, and was the means of procuring for him the patronage of the 
 Dukes of Leinster and of Devonshire, Viscount de Vesci, and others of the 
 nobility, in his profession as an artist, which he came to England to prac- 
 tice in 1802, though, I believe, the rightful heir to an Irish peerage and to 
 immense lauded possessions. As a proof of George Holme's assertion, 
 quoted above, of the general ignorance of readers regarding Ireland, I may 
 mention that Sterne, who was born at Clonmel, November 24, 1713, but 
 left the country in his boyhood, takes a SENTIMENTAL JOURNEY to the foot 
 of Mount Taurira, in France, for a pleasing picture of a peasant's dance 
 after supper, which then, as I learn from good George Holmes' s valuable 
 volume, he might have found in his native country, and which the artist- 
 author saw and described some thirty years after the body of Sterne had 
 been stolen from its grave in " the new bury ing-ground near Tyburn," and 
 dissected by Professor Collignon at the university of Cambridge, and his 
 skeleton strung together with wires for the instruction of students in 
 anatomy. 
 
MEMOIR. 9 
 
 years later remarked : " Strange to say, Ireland, which, for a 
 space of six hundred years and more, has been politically con- 
 nected with, and continues to be a powerful and valuable gem in, 
 the crown of Great Britain, is less known to the people of Eng- 
 land, in general, than the most remote regions." 
 
 On their voyage from Ireland to England, the Castillo family 
 were shipwrecked at the Isle-of-Man ; and, when the subject of 
 this memoir was in his second or third year, settled at the quiet 
 hamlet of Lealholm Bridge nine miles from Whitby, thirteen 
 from Gisbro', and eighteen from Stokesley. If, like Napper 
 Tandy, and others, he found it necessary to leave his country to 
 escape political prosecution, which is by no means unlikely, I do 
 not know how he could have chosen a safer or more sequestered 
 spot than the Lealholm of that day. Thus from his earliest re- 
 collections, though by birth and parentage Irish, John Castillo 
 was a resident of Lealholm Bridge ; and, though often obliged to 
 leave his foster- valley, "to beg a brother of the earth to give 
 him leave to toil," as BURNS very pithily puts it, the principal 
 part of his life was spent in that rural hamlet, his residence being 
 the humble stone cottage adjoining the old papermill. Thus in 
 his "Lealholm Bridge a Soliloquy during a Visit, after some 
 years' absence," we have : 
 
 " In distant lands my father's lot was cast, 
 
 And we were left to feel the bitter blast. 
 
 Death's fatal hand its victim did arrest, 
 
 And tore him from the darlings of his breast. 
 
 I, by a mother's care, when young, was led 
 
 Down by the river to yon primrose bed, 
 
 Where birds so sweetly sung the trees among, 
 
 I thought those days were happy, bright, and long. 
 
 Oft I, a boy, with others of my age, 
 
 Did eager here in youthful sports engage : 
 
 Oft in yon wood we roved when life was new, 
 
 The rocks, and trees, and rugged caves to view, 
 
 Where woodbines wild with sweets perfumed the air, 
 
 And all seem'd joyous, beautiful, and fair." 
 
 Glaisdale, in which Lealholm Bridge is situated, was until re- 
 cently a chapelry to Danby, but is now, by an order in council, 
 erected into a separate vicarage. Between there and Whitby is a 
 population amongst which Protestants say the light of the Re- 
 formation has never fairly penetrated, but which the Castillos 
 would regard as remaining loyal to the only true church. It was 
 wise of his mother to lead him forth in childhood to see the 
 beauty of the green fields, and golden whins, and purple ling, in 
 their seasons ; to listen to the song of birds, to gather wild 
 flowers on the banks of the Esk a river whose Celtic name 
 carries one back to the times of the ancient Britons ; and well 
 
10 MEMOIR. 
 
 would it have been for poor Castillo if he had but possessed some 
 kind and intelligent friend capable of leading him to commune 
 with Nature, and of teaching him to despise that soul-blighting 
 Superstition which is sacrificed to in all quarters, but has its most 
 devoted worshippers in sequestered dales like the Danby* of Cas- 
 tillo's time. As it was, he had fearful dreams of "an ocean of 
 troubled liquid fire," at a time when such deleterious teaching 
 ought never to have reached his childish ears ; and he " saw a 
 number of tormented and tormenting beings, most of which were 
 in human shape, rolling about, tossed by those dismal and furious 
 waves, and as soon as some sunk, others arose, full of horror and 
 dismal wailings," in visions which ought to have been redolent 
 of the beauty and perfume of flowers, and the music of birds and 
 brooks. The humblest psychologist who glances through the 
 ' writings of poor Castillo will at once perceive the baleful effects 
 which the popular superstitions have had on what, under proper 
 culture, would have been a great intellect. Some day we may 
 discover, that the true development of our future men and women, 
 mentally, morally, and physically, is the only sound political 
 economy, and the surest way to augment " the wealth of nations." 
 For, as Sir WILLIAM JONES has well sung, in his famous Ode in 
 imitation of Alcseus : 
 
 " What constitutes a state ? 
 Not high-rais'd battlement or labour 1 d mound, 
 
 Thick wall or moated gate; 
 Not cities proud with spires and turrets crown'd; 
 
 Not bays and broad-arm'd ports, 
 Where, laughing at the storm, rich navies ride ; 
 
 Not starr 1 d and spangled courts, 
 Where low-brow 1 d baseness wafts perfume to pride. 
 
 No : men, high-minded men, 
 With powers as far above dull brutes endued 
 
 In forest, brake, or den, 
 As beasts excel cold rocks and brambles rude ; 
 
 Men who their duties know, 
 But know their rights, and, knowing, dare maintain, 
 
 * Thank God, we have at last got a railroad through the dale; and I 
 know of no pleasanter railway ride than on the line foolishly called North 
 Yorkshire and Cleveland, just as though Cleveland was not a portion of 
 the North Eiding. Danby and its neighbouring dales is a district rich in 
 the remains of Scandinavian folk-lore. The following communication, 
 from a late respected member for the North Eiding, speaks for itself . 
 
 "11, Dean's Yard, Westminster, May 7, 1861. 
 
 " Sir, I shall be happy to be a subscriber to your work on Cleveland as 
 described in your prospectus. I hope it may include the district of Danby- 
 dale, where I suspect the traditions must be curious, both in the way of 
 language, customs, and sports. Your faithful servant, 
 
 "G. M. Tweddell, Esq. 1 ' "E. S. CAYLEY." 
 
MEMOIR. 11 
 
 Prevent the long-aim' d blow. 
 And crush the tyrant while they rend the chain : 
 
 These constitute a state, 
 And sov'reign Law that state's collected will, 
 
 er thrones and globes elate 
 Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill." 
 
 When about eleren or twelve years of age, he lost his father, 
 who had sent him to school, and taken him to hear mass (like a 
 good Catholic), and given him such training as he was capable 
 of giving. But the now fatherless lad must leave school, like 
 tens of thousands of lads in the present day, just when he is be- 
 ginning to imbibe a little book-learning, and (as the Cleveland 
 folks say) " he mun try te mak a bit scrat for hiz awn living! " 
 Castillo was what my Lancashire friends call " punced up : '' we 
 must not wonder, then, if he is slightly intolerant to all who do 
 not see with his eyes. Leaving Lealholm Bridge on the death of 
 his father, he went, as servant boy, with a gentleman into Lin- 
 colnshire, where he spent two years, and then returned to his 
 adopted valley, where he learnt the art and mystery of a stone 
 mason, and became converted amongst the Wesleyan Methodists ; 
 being admitted into class, April 5, 1818, at the chapel at Danby 
 End, when he was some twenty-six years old : and to the end of 
 his life he was an energetic revivalist amongst that body, through 
 all his poverty and privations. Thus, in "A Farewell," he 
 sings : 
 
 " From a land full of friends where he covets to stay, 
 Poor tost-about Castillo 's forced far away, 
 Into regions beyond, where his lot may be cast, 
 So he leaves this small tribute, which may be his last. 
 
 How happy is he who has work to abide, 
 
 With his child on his knee, by his own fireside ! 
 
 Where he 's cheer'd with the counsel and charms of a wife, 
 
 To lessen or share in the troubles of life. 
 
 'T is but few who the ills of the traveller know 
 While to rivers and hills relating his woe, 
 Far away troin his friends, and out of employ, 
 With no one to share in his trouble or joy. 
 
 While he sees some for wickedness highly extoll'd, 
 He is sharing the frowns of a hard-hearted world; 
 lleceives for his good deeds a sad recompence, 
 A stranger, a lodger, and all on expense ! 
 
 Yet there 's One who, if he will his follies control, 
 Will preserve both the health of his body and soul ; 
 To the married or single, the husband or wife, 
 EELIGION can sweeten the bitters of life ! " 
 
 And in " The Lodger in Liverpool, or the Mason in Winter nipt 
 by the Frost, while a Card-party were enjoying themselves in an 
 
12 MEMOIR. 
 
 adjoining Boom," he looks back with longing love to dear old 
 Cleveland, which he had been forced to leave in the battle for 
 bread : 
 
 " While sad I sit, oft musing over 
 
 Happy days for ever fled ; 
 A lonely lodger in a corner, 
 
 Like some hermit in his shed. 
 
 All around seems blithe and merry ; 
 
 My light 's dim and heart 's unstrung, 
 While memory turns to yonder valley, 
 
 On whose flowery banks I 've sung. 
 
 Dirty, ragged, and down-hearted, 
 
 Far from country, friends, and home ; 
 And as far from kindness parted, 
 
 Doom'd for work the world to roam. 
 
 * * * 
 
 But when time makes all surrender, 
 
 Nor permits the least excuse, 
 Happy they whom time's avenger 
 
 Charges not with its abuse. 11 
 
 Strange that nations professing the sublimest of all religions, 
 Christianity, and boasting of their superior civilization, cannot 
 see that there must be something radically wrong in the very 
 constitution of society where men, able and willing to work at 
 the most useful employments, are doomed to starve, for no fault 
 of their own ; unable to make an honest livelihood with comfort, 
 even when, like poor Castillo, they have neither wife nor child to 
 maintain ; and, unless wanted for, and willing to do, the devil's 
 work of war, are blasphemously designated a " surplus popula- 
 tion." As the gifted ETA MAWR sang, half a century ago, in her 
 excellent " Ode to Wealth " : 
 
 " Oh, Poverty ! be thou my fate, 
 
 And the worst ills that on thee wait, 
 
 If e'er I raise my truant voice, 
 
 To call thee, though in jest, my choice ! 
 
 Does Virtue shoot her trembling rays ? 
 
 Thy hand extinguishes the blaze. 
 
 Does Genius fire the peasant's soul ? 4 
 
 It withers at thy stern control ; 
 
 Or if it burst its kindling way, 
 
 As rends the cloud the light'ning's ray, 
 
 Ah ! how shall he, whose soul refined 
 
 Has roam'd the raptured heights of mind, 
 
 Descend from genius 1 lofty ken, 
 
 To herd him with his fellow-men ? 
 
 If courted in his humble sphere, 
 
 By those to fame and fortune dear, 
 
 What double wretchedness shall wait 
 
 The contrast of his adverse fate ! 
 
 To see delights he must not share 
 
 His evil with their good compare 
 
MEMOIR. 13 
 
 And from the castle's splendid walls, 
 And its gay mirth-resounding halls, 
 Back to his straw-built shed to steal, 
 And feel as only bards can feel! " 
 
 In the months of January and February, 1837, Castillo caught 
 a succession of colds, which, added to previous hardships, brought 
 on influenza ; and he never afterwards was the strong man whose 
 brawny arm had hewn out and dressed the freestone of the Cleve- 
 land hills, happy if he could but earn daily bread by his hard 
 toil, and assist in the labours of the sect with which he had allied 
 himself. That year, on his partial recovery, he was invited during 
 the summer to Stockton-on-Tees, with a brother revivalist, " but," 
 says he, "we carried rather too coarse metal for that refined 
 place," methodism always changing its character when wealthy 
 folks join the society. In the dales, however, Castillo was a suc- 
 cessful revivalist. In February, 1838, he set out for the Pickering 
 circuit. " Finding," says he, " the channels at home (if I have 
 a home) in some measure blocked up, I went away, in the storm 
 of 1838, but not having my name on any plan as a preacher, I 
 occasionally got severe lashes on that account ; but endeavoured, 
 as much as possible, to keep out of the pulpits, by holding prayer 
 meetings, and giving exhortations out of the singing-pews^ or 
 from the forms : " and, I presume, it is in allusion to some of 
 those revivalist doings that he remarks, in his " Village 
 Preaching " : 
 
 " Far over Cleveland's lofty hills, 
 Water'd by rivulets and rills, 
 A lovely village doth appear, 
 And o'er the trees its chimneys rear. 
 A church there is without a steeple, 
 And several unconverted people ; 
 Though not much pious fruit appear, 
 The people still desire to hear : 
 To chapel oft they go and back, 
 In their old summer-beaten track. 
 
 * * * 
 
 The forms were set, and rostrum flxt, 
 The preacher went, and took his text. 
 
 * * * 
 
 Having, as he thought, clear' d his way, 
 They sang, and then began to pray. 
 He left his elevated station, 
 And went among his congregation. 
 
 * * * 
 But such unusual proceeding 
 
 They say completely spoiled the meeting j 
 That preachers conduct is unstable, 
 Who cannot keep behind the table I 
 
14 MEMOIR. 
 
 If I should go that way once more, 
 And find the people as before, 
 They must have either chain or cable, 
 If they keep me behind the table." 
 
 Castillo died at Pickermg, April 16, 1845, at the age of fifty- 
 three. With all the vigour of an ancient Puritan, he was cramped 
 in mind by most of the nairowness that rendered Puritanism in- 
 tolerable to the people of England in the days of my illustrious 
 ancestor, the Lord Protector. Thus we have, as the title of one 
 of his rhyming dialogues, " The Music Band is all the go, but it 
 is a plausible and successful snare of the devil." In his verses on 
 "The Wedding," the " bands of music, singing, dancing, and 
 drinking," are condemned as though bad in themselves ; jollity 
 being a crime in his eyes, even though it was unaccompanied by 
 excess ; and in his " Broad and Narrow Way," he says : 
 
 " With pleasant walks and cheerful company, 
 And harmless games if harmless games there be." 
 
 " Merry Christmas, as kept in England," in the nineteenth cen- 
 tury, was as great an abomination to poor Castillo as the old 
 English May-games were to Philip Stubs in 1595, or to the Rev. 
 Thomas Hall, B.D., of King's Norton, in 1660 ; neither of whom 
 could have read Herrick's beautiful verses, " Corinna's going a- 
 Maying," without almost going into fits. And as for the theatre, 
 why all who frequented such places, though it might be to listen 
 to the unequalled plays of Shakspere from the lips of the greatest 
 actors of the day, were vile and accurst. Unlike the generality 
 of dissenters, who generally make Good Friday a day for tea- 
 meetings and rejoicings, Castillo had a peculiar veneration for the 
 day set apart to commemorate the death of the Holy Jesus ; and 
 he even believed that the two sinkers who were dragged out of a 
 coal pit, one of them killed, and the other dreadfully wounded, 
 when 
 
 " The kibble kick'd, brim-full of splinter'd rock," 
 
 were punished by "the just judgment of an angry God" for 
 going down to work on that holy day. 
 
 Castillo's most popular poem is " Awd Abzaak," which gives 
 us a graphic picture of a Sunday in the Dales at the commence- 
 ment of the present century. His style is evidently patterned 
 after that adopted by Burns, from Fergusson and the older Scot- 
 tish poets, and made familiar to Cleveland readers by the inspired 
 ploughboy. It originally consisted of the first part only, which 
 is superior in literary execution to the portion afterwards added. 
 
MEMOIR. 15 
 
 Old Isaac Hobb, who used to live near Glaisdale Chapel (now 
 church), is supposed to have been the lay figure, so to speak, from 
 which Castillo first delineated the picture he has painted for us, but 
 the sentiment of the piece is principally drawn from his own experi- 
 ence. Some will regard him as the true exponent of saving 
 grace ; and others, like a literary correspondent of mine in Swit- 
 zerland (the late James Dixon, LL.D.), as " a religious bigot "; 
 but all must admire his fearlessly honest expression of opinion, 
 and the ability he has displayed in depicting his rustic compeers. 
 
 The greatest merit of Castillo as a writer is his quiet humour : 
 with his theology I have nothing to do. Claiming the right to 
 think and speak freely for myself, I must allow the same privi- 
 lege to others. To talk of "tolerating" one from whom our 
 opinions may differ in speculative matters, is simply impertinent. 
 I have to do with my fellow man's morality, because it bears on 
 my happiness and that of my neighbours and friends : what his 
 religious opinions are is no more my business, or that of others, 
 than his estimale of Wordsworth as a poet, or any other subject 
 on which we have a right to converse as friends, if we feel so in- 
 clined, but certainly not to seize each other as it were by the throat, 
 and demand of each other, as though we must be enemies if we 
 cannot both see with the same eyes. 
 
 I only met poor Castillo once, and that was during my appren- 
 ticeship. He had his poem of th3 " Pickerin' Steeple Chass " 
 in manuscript, which he read to me, with some other unpublished 
 pieces. I at once singled out the lines commencing 
 
 " To see 'em all seea blahth an' merry," 
 
 as the best of all that he had read to me ; and, on going through 
 the printed poem, I still regard them as the most original and 
 vigorous in the piece ; and it was through my recommendation 
 that he retained them in the printed copies, when some Wesleyan 
 preacher whom he had consulted had got him persuaded to ex- 
 punge them. He was very much pleased with my criticism, but 
 the minister's opinion seemed to weigh with him. But when I 
 told him that probably his reverend friend knew more about 
 theology than poetry, and evidently, as a believer in a personal 
 devil, was taking literally what was merely figurative, he at 
 once agreed with me, and before parting promised that the lines 
 should stand. Castillo's great want through life was a. friend 
 who was alike well versed in the art of poetry and master of the 
 North York Dialect. Those who " improved " his pieces, as they 
 thought, by refining them, only made matters worse. It reminds 
 me of the editor of a newspaper to whom I once gave a Dialect 
 poem of Florence Cleveland's for insertion. " It is a good piece/' 
 
16 
 
 MEMOIR. 
 
 said he, " but we must correct this " pointing to one of the 
 truest touches in it " for it is bad grammar ! " "If you make 
 it grammatical," was my reply, " it will cease to be a true speci- 
 men of the Dialect." Many seem to think that they illustrate a 
 Dialect by writing good English, and knocking out a few general 
 words here and there, and inserting local words instead. They 
 might as well think to build a Grecian temple by removing the 
 freestone and inserting a few blocks of marble in the outside walls 
 of a G-othic abbey. I have earnestly endeavoured to restore the 
 text of Castillo to its primitive purity for every previous editor 
 has made it worse than before and I have only made such altera- 
 tions as he would himself have approved of, such, in fact, as I 
 thought absolutely necessary to give him a permanent niche in 
 that small temple which is quite large enough to contain the few 
 true delineators of our Norti York Dialect, now fast going, as all 
 Dialects must go, but the memory of which ought not to be 
 buried with them. 
 
 Rose Cottage, Stokesley. 
 
 Tailpiece by Linton. 
 
AWD AHZ A AK 
 
 PAIT FOST. 
 
 YAH neet az Ah went heeam fra' wark, 
 A lahtle bit afooar 't waz dark, 
 Quite blahth an' cheerful az a lark 
 
 Ah thowt me-sel' ; 
 An' sat mah down, te rist a bit, 
 
 At top o' t' hill. 
 
 Fooaks just wer tonnin' oot ther ky 
 A lahtle plain awd man com by : 
 " Cum sit ye doon, gud frinnd," sez I, 
 
 " An' rist yer legs " : 
 He 'd been a bit o' floor te buy, 
 
 An' tweea 'r three eggs. 
 
 Ah fand him varra gud te stop ; 
 Hiz staff he set up as a prop ; 
 Hiz hooary heead he lifted up, 
 
 An' thus cumpleean'd : 
 (Sum fragments ov a gud-like feeace, 
 
 Ther yit remeean'd.) 
 
 " Yoo see," sez he, " mah deer yung frinnd, 
 Mah travel 's ommost at an end ; 
 Wi' age me back begins te bend, 
 
 An' white 's me hair ; 
 Ov this warld's griefs, yoo may depend, 
 
 Ah 've had me share." 
 
 Hiz teeal, thoff simple, it wer grand, 
 An' varra gud te understand, 
 Hiz stick steead up aboon hiz hand 
 
 T' awd fashin'd way ; 
 Hiz cooat an' hat wer weather-tann'd, 
 
 A duffil grey. 
 
18 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 " Ah think," sez Ah, " 'at 't Scripter sez, 
 Grey hairs is honourable driss, 
 If tha be fund i' reeteousniss, 
 
 Be faith obtain'd ; 
 An' Ah think, be what yer leeaks express, 
 
 That prahz yoo 've gain'd. 
 
 Wi' age it izzent gud te joke, 
 
 An' 't 'z ommost owwer warm te woke ; 
 
 Sit doon, an' hev a bit o' toke, 
 
 0' things at 'z past : 
 Awd men, like yoo, hev seeaf beeath heeard 
 
 An' seen a vast." 
 
 " A vast Ah hev beeath heeard an' seen, 
 An' felt misfotten's arrows keen, 
 Az yoo remark, whahl Ah hev been 
 
 On this life's stage ; 
 It 's sike a varra changin' scene, 
 
 Fra youth te age. 
 
 IIoo greeat, an' yet hoo feeble's man ! 
 Hiz life at langest 's bud a span ; " 
 Hiz history he thus began, 
 
 Wi' tears te tell ; 
 An' if yer ears be owt like mahn, 
 
 'T will pleease ye weel. 
 
 " Lang sahn Ah lost me wife," sez he, 
 " Which was a heavy cross te me ; 
 An' then me sun teeak off tit sea, 
 
 A fahn young man, 
 An' Ah neea mair hiz feeace mun see, 
 
 It 's ten te yan. 
 
 Ah happen'd te be off yah day, 
 A kahnd ov sweethart, az tha say, 
 Com in an' teeak me lass away, 
 
 Wiv howsin stuff ; 
 An' noo, poor thing, she 's deead, tha say, 
 
 A lang way off ! 
 
 Jt 's noo neen year, an' gannin' i' ten, 
 Sen Ah at t' barkwood join'd sum men, 
 'T waz there Ah fell an leeam'd me-sen, 
 
 I' spite o' care : 
 An' fooast te give up ther an' then, 
 
 An' work neea mair. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 19 
 
 Bud t' nighbers hez been varra gud, 
 Or else lang sahn Ah 'd stuck i' t' mud, 
 An' seea throo them, an' t' help o' God, 
 
 Ah gits me breead ; 
 Ah howp they '11 be rewarded for 't 
 
 When Ah 'z loa laid : 
 
 Bud, seeing all me cumfots gone, 
 Ah diddent knaw what way te ton ; 
 Then Ah began te sigh an' mon 
 
 Beeath neet an' day : 
 Ah bowt a Babble, an' began 
 Te read an' pray. 
 
 An' az Ah read, an' az Ah pray'd, 
 
 Ah thowt it thunner'd owwer me heead, 
 
 An' off ens Ah wer sadly flay'd 
 
 Wi' dismal noises : 
 Sumtahms i' bed Ah thowt Ah heeard 
 
 Mysterious voices. 
 
 A preeacher chanced te cum this way, 
 Ah 've koase te ivver bliss that day 
 Kahnd Providence led me that way 
 
 This man te hear : 
 Ah, like a sheep, had geean astray 
 
 Fer monny a year. 
 
 He sed 't waz luv o' Christ cumpell'd him, 
 
 Bud seean az ivver Ah beheld him, 
 
 Ah thowt 'at sum kahnd f rinnd had teld him 
 
 All me hart ; 
 Fer ivvery wod, like arrows pointed, 
 
 Meead it smart. 
 
 Ah thowt, tell then, 'at Ah waz reet, 
 Bud he set me sins all i' me seet ; 
 At last Ah fell doon at his feet, 
 
 Wi' solid grief ; 
 Ah thowt Ah sud hev deed afoor 
 
 Ah fund relief. 
 
 Ah really thowt, if you'll believe ma, 
 'At hell waz oppen te receeave ma ; 
 Sum sed the Lord wad seean relieve ma, 
 
 He waz me keeper ; 
 Bud all they sed did nowt but greeve ma, 
 
 It cut ma deeper. 
 
 B 2 
 
20 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Ah dreeaded the Almighty's froon, 
 Ah wander'd greetin 1 up an' doon, 
 Nowther i' cuntry nor i' toon 
 
 Neea rist Ah f and ; 
 Me sins, like stars, did me surroond, 
 
 Or heeaps o' sand. 
 
 At t' thowts o' ivverlasting pains, 
 An' being bun' iv endless cheeans, 
 Me bleead, like ice, ran thruff me veins, 
 
 Wi' shivverin' dreead ; 
 Ah cuddenrsleep, an' Ah fergat 
 
 Te"eeat me breead. 
 
 Then varra seean t' repooat waz raized, 
 An' all round t' village it wer bleeazed, 
 Awd Ahzaak, he waz gannin' craized, 
 
 An' nowt seea seer ; 
 Mah cottage then, fer days an' days, 
 
 Neea sowl com near. 
 
 At last this gud man com ageean, 
 Eer which me hart waz glad an' fain, 
 Just like a thosty land fer rain, 
 
 Ah sat quite near him, 
 Whahl ivv'ry organ ov me soul, 
 
 Waz bent te hear him. 
 
 But seean az Ah that sarmon heer'd, 
 A still small voice me sperits cheer'd, 
 An' Ah, that varra neet, waz meead, 
 
 A happy man ; 
 Te praise the Lord, wi' all me hart, 
 
 Ah then began. 
 
 Ah knew He had me sins forgeen, 
 Whahl Ah had in His prizence been, 
 An' that Hiz bleead cud wesh ma clean, 
 
 An' white az snaw, 
 An' mak ma fit wi' Him te raign, 
 
 Whahl here belaw. 
 
 Sen that, i' all me conflicts here, 
 Ah flees te Him wi' faith an' prayer, 
 An' He, i' marsy, lens an ear, 
 
 Thruff Hiz dear Son ; 
 An' this iz t' way, wi' howp an' fear, 
 
 Ah travils on. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 21 
 
 Oft, when Ah thus draws near te Him, 
 He maks me e'es wi' tears te swim, 
 Then fills me hart quite up tit brim, 
 
 Wi' f luv o' God ; 
 An' when Ah gits mair faith i' Him, 
 
 Ah hods me hod ! 
 
 Sumtahms ah 've had yon beck te swim, 
 An' monny a tabm this hill te clim', 
 Wi' heavy hart an' weary lim', 
 
 An' sweeaty broo ; 
 Bud all 'at Ah can trust Him in, 
 
 Pie helps ma throo. 
 
 Iv all the straits o' life," sez he, 
 " Howivver bare me cubbert be, 
 Wi' brown breead crusts, an' wormwood tea, 
 
 Or even gall ; 
 Wherivver Ah finnds Christ te be, 
 
 He sweetens all. 
 
 Me nighbers all, Ah dearly luv 'em, 
 An' oft Ah 'z fooast fer te repruv 'em, 
 To seeak the Lord Ah tries te muv 'em, 
 
 Wi' hart sincere ; 
 Bud t' ansers oft 'at Ah gets frev 'em, 
 
 Iz quite severe. 
 
 Ah 've oft felt sorry te me-sel', 
 
 Beeath grieved an' shamm'd t' trewth te tell, 
 
 When Ah hev heeard our awd kirk bell 
 
 Ring in te prayer ; 
 Ah 's flay'd 'at sum el hear 't i' hell 
 
 Upbreead 'em there. 
 
 They'll sit or lig upon ther deead, 
 An' toke aboot all kahnds o' trade, 
 An' laff, an lee, quite undismay'd, 
 
 Tell tha 've rung in ; 
 Sike fooaks, tit warld tha 're owther wed 
 
 Or near akin. 
 
 Sum sez ther priest 'z a stumlin'-block, 
 
 He nivver leads 'em on tit rock, 
 
 Like thooase 'at mends a threead-bare frock 
 
 Wi' a new piece ; 
 He cares bud lahtle fer hiz flock, 
 
 If he gits t' fleece. 
 
22 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Bud oors, he iz a Christian breet, 
 He preeaches Christ wi' all his meet, 
 Fills eeach believer wiv deleet 
 
 'At gans te hear him ; 
 An' therefooar ov hiz people's bleead 
 
 The truth el clear him. 
 
 Ah 've heerd him tell 'em, pat ,an' plain, 
 'At they mun all be booarn ageean, 
 Or suffer ivverlastin' pain, 
 
 I' t' warld te cum ; 
 Bud if they '11 flee te Christ i' tahm, 
 
 Fer all ther 's rooam. 
 
 I' t' pulpit, or i' conversashin, 
 Hez awlus on for t' soul's salvashin, 
 Wi' kahnd repreeaf or exhooatashin, 
 
 Or coonsil sweet ; 
 An' thooase 'at follow hiz perswashin, 
 
 They '11 be reet. 
 
 An' yit Ah 'z flay'd, if t' trewth waz knooan, 
 There 's monny a precious soul i' pawn, 
 Fer that gud seed 'at he hez sawn 
 
 Without effect ; 
 An' t' bleeam fer ivver iz ther awn, 
 
 Thruff sad neglect. 
 
 Thare 's sum 'at sez (bud they 're misteean) 
 When tha 're baptahz'd tha 're booan ageean; 
 Just here tha miss t' foundashin steean, 
 
 An' builds i' t' sand ; 
 An' tha 've neea dreead, till t' house iz doon, 
 
 Bud it will stand. 
 
 Ah 've knawn yung men, an' wimmin too, 
 An' men wi' t' hair all off ther broo, 
 Afooar he 'z read hiz lessons throo 
 
 'Z been fast asleep ; 
 Whahl udders that far better knew, 
 
 'Z been seen te weep. 
 
 They '11 rock an' riggle like a ship, 
 Till sum kahud frinnd giz them a nip, 
 Or wacken'd up wi' t' saxon 's whip, 
 
 Or others koffin : 
 Then, mebby when tha 've rubb'd ther e'en, 
 
 Tha '11 start a laffin. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 23 
 
 Sum 'z lived te three or fowwer skooar, 
 An' 'z lang tahm here had rulin' poor ; 
 Tha 've wooan deep tracks across yon moor 
 
 Wi' constant gannin' ; 
 Bud still, all t' whahl, for this warld's geer 
 
 Ther harts wer langia'. 
 
 Thersels tha Ve nivver fairly seen, 
 Tha 've nivver knooan ther sins fergeen, 
 Tho' monny a tahm ther pray'rs hev been 
 
 Az loud az t' dark ; 
 Fer all tha 've had tweea pair ov een, 
 
 Tha 've deed i' t' dark. 
 
 Ther's sum 'at t' neeam o' Christian beers, 
 'An 'z had that neeam fer monny years, 
 'At 'z berried owwer heead an' ears 
 
 I' wardly care ; 
 An' oft at kirk, we 've cause te fear 
 
 Tha mark it there. 
 
 Ah wer at a sarten hoose yah day, 
 An' t' awd man tiv hiz sun did say, 
 ' If all be weel, thou mun away 
 
 Temooan tit kirk ; 
 An' try te git our reet next week, 
 
 Te cum te wark. 
 
 An' Tommy, he 'z i' sike a tackin', 
 That cooat al spoil for want o' mackin', 
 If t' taylear 'z theer, thou mun be at him 
 
 Te cum an' all ; 
 That 'z weel contrahved,an' then yah thrang 
 
 Al deea fer all. 
 
 Thou need n't stop te gan' round t' fahm, 
 Thou '11 hea te be there i' reet gud tahm, 
 Or mebby, if tha dizzent mahnd, 
 
 Thou '11 loss the chance ; 
 There 'z sumtahms three or fowwer at him 
 
 All at yance. 
 
 It 'z owwer far te gan afeeat, 
 
 An' if 't be warm thou 's seer te sweeat, 
 
 The mudder, she '11 deea nowt bud freeat, 
 
 Seea tak awd Dragon ; 
 An' tell t' reet he mun cum next week, 
 
 Te mend our waggon.' 
 
24 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Then if ye chance, i' t' cooase o' t' weeak, 
 O' t' Sunday's subject fer te speeak, 
 You'll finnd awd memory seea weeak, 
 
 It 'z all fergitten; 
 Thus wounded souls 'at 'z been hawf heeal'd 
 
 T' awd sarpent 'z bitten. 
 
 That skull 'at 'z mowlded green an' gray, 
 T' awd saxon dag up t' udder day, 
 Knaws varra neer az mitch az they, 
 
 0' t' Sunday's sarmon ; 
 You may az weel o' t' subject toke 
 
 Te sum awd Garinan. 
 
 That poor awd man 'z noo deead an' geean, 
 It 'z hard te say what way he 'z teean, 
 'At use te stand ageean t' funt steean, 
 
 Te tak fooaks' watches ; 
 Whahl careless lads i' t' singing pew, 
 
 Wer cuttin natches. 
 
 Fer want o' proper cultivashin, 
 
 They shuffle on without salvashin, 
 
 A vast, Ah 'z flay'd, hez this perswashin, 
 
 Beeath yung an' awd, 
 Te be fergeen they hev neea cashin 
 
 Tell deead and kawd ! 
 
 Tha '11 finn'd it oot afoor 't be lang, 
 'At tha 've all t' tahm been sadly wrang, 
 Ther will's may then be owwer strang 
 
 Te breeak or bend ; 
 An' noo tha say tha 're owwer thrang, 
 
 Tha can't attend. 
 
 I' Summer tahm tha '11 leeave t 'awd nest, 
 An' driss up i' ther varra best, 
 An' gallop off alang wi' t' rist, 
 
 Te t' fair or reeaces ; 
 A vast gits what tha nivver kest, 
 
 At sike like pleeaces. 
 
 Ther 's sum gits theer wi' wooden legs on, 
 Monny poor awd men wi' wigs on, 
 Sarves t' yung fooaks te run ther rigs on, 
 
 A f ahn example ; 
 Whahl doon i' t' dust ther poor awd lims, 
 
 Sumtahmes tha trample ! 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 25 
 
 Ther 's sum can nowther sit nor lig, 
 Aboot t' elecshins, they 're seea big ; 
 Tha say they 're Britons rump an' rig, 
 
 But wheea can trist 'em, 
 When frev a Tory tiv a Whig 
 
 A glass al twist 'em. 
 
 Ther 's sum 'at 's rayder shooat o' sect, 
 JFer t' seeak o' tweea 'r three sov'rans breet, 
 Giz in ther vooat, an' thinks it reet, 
 
 Fer t' Roman stranger ; 
 Udders plaisters up i' t' street, 
 
 T Chetch is i Danger ! 
 
 An' seea tha yan prevent annudder, 
 
 Wi' sike like polytical bother, 
 
 Tho' t' best ov all can't seeave his brudder, 
 
 Nor ransom him ; 
 That spark 'at 's left they try te smudder 
 
 Wi' stratagem, 
 
 Az for thooase Methodys, tha say, 
 Tha mak seea varra mitch te deea, 
 Ther's sum wad deea nowt else bud pray, 
 
 An' read, an' preeach, 
 Till tha git all meead Methodys 
 
 Within ther reeach ! 
 
 Bud thare waz neean ov this amaze, 
 I' neean ov oor fooarfayther's days, 
 Thoff ther gud deeds an' honest prayers, 
 
 An' pious readins, 
 Hez been, neca doot, az good az thayers, 
 
 Wi' all ther meetins. 
 
 Te see 'em doon o' beeath ther knees, 
 I' t' kirk, or t' field, or onder trees, 
 Wi' brokken harts an' teerful e'es, 
 
 Wer quite uncommon ; 
 An' if tha hevvent deed i' t' faith, 
 
 Then what's cumm'd on em ? 
 
 Te preeach 'em all geean doon te hell, 
 
 It is a dreeadful teeal te tell, 
 
 An' we mun wi' oor kindred dwell, 
 
 Seea we, like them, 
 Will on life's ooashin tak wer chance, 
 
 An' sink or swim. 
 
26 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Tha mak sike wark amang t' yung fcoaks, 
 Tha breeak up all wer jooavil spooats, 
 Tha thin wer ranks, an' storm wer pooats, 
 
 Wi' strange confushin ; 
 Ther 'z nowt bud we mun cry't all doon, 
 
 A mere delushin. 
 
 Bud uz 'at seldom hev attendid, 
 
 Tha deea n't git uz seea eeasy mendid, 
 
 An awd stiff yack 's nut eeasy bendid, 
 
 That's varra trew ; 
 Bud thooase 'at weean't bend, yoo see, 
 
 Mun breeak enoo. 
 
 Sumtahmes, when pashin' let 'em in, 
 Wi' wods te sweerin' near akin, 
 Fer fear that t' sad effecks o' sin, 
 
 Ther harts sud hardin, 
 Tha try te rub off ther an' then, 
 
 Wi' axin' pardin. 
 
 Tha trifle on fra' year te year, 
 Like watches wooan oot o' repair, 
 Thoff if tha wad, it 's varra clear, 
 
 Tha mud be mendid : 
 Bud they perceeav neea danger near, 
 
 Tell life is ended. 
 
 Awd Sattan seea pollutes ther mahnd, 
 They weea n't stoop tit means disahud, 
 Till t' hairspring gits wi't'mainspring twahnd, 
 
 An' seea hard coll'd, 
 Tha 're fooast away te git refahnd, 
 
 I' t' udder wolld. 
 
 He leeads sum on like mountebanks, 
 Az stright az thoff tha ran o' planks, 
 An' tells 'em, i' ther jooavil pranks, 
 
 He'll nut deceeave 'em ; 
 Tell on awd Jordan's stormy banks, 
 
 Ther cumfots leeave 'em. 
 
 He leeads sum on annudder way, 
 An' whispers te them neet an' day, 
 'At they need nowder read nor pray, 
 
 They 've deean nowt wrang ; 
 Or if they hev, he'll set it reet, 
 
 Afooar 't be lang ! 
 
AWD AHZAAK, 27 
 
 Ther 's udders oft been iv alarm, 
 
 Bud, Felix like, when t' hart wer warm, 
 
 He's sed, Gan,' an' sum udder tahm 
 
 Ah '11 send fer thee ; 
 When tha that tahm, tha diddent knaw 
 
 Mud ivver see. 
 
 Tha rob ther sowls ov ther awn reet, 
 Tha really winnot cum te t' leet, 
 Lest o' ther sins tha git a seet, 
 
 An' sud be seeaved, 
 An' be ov all ther plishers sweet 
 
 At yance bereeaved. 
 
 Tell deep sunk down i' t' bonning lake, 
 Tha then begin te fear an' quake, 
 Where vengeance can neea pitty tak, 
 
 Which there hez sent 'em ; 
 Bud furious feeands i' horrid shap. 
 
 Mun there torment 'em ! 
 
 Tha leeak fer sum yan te delivver, 
 
 Bud there they '11 finnd neea comfot nivver, 
 
 There tha mun weep an' wail fer ivver, 
 
 Ther harvist's past ; 
 Ther summer 's ended, refuge fails 'em, 
 
 An' tha 're lost. 
 
 Whahl life denced on her silver springs, 
 Tha lafft at Deeath an' seerous things, 
 Scooan'd Heaven, its proffits, priests an' kings, 
 
 An' felt neea sham : 
 That tha deean't noo wi' angils sing, 
 
 Thersels tha bleeam ! 
 
 Ther dreeadful doom an' destiny 
 
 Let us git all we can te flee, 
 
 Be preeachin' Christ where'er we be, 
 
 I' deed an' wod ; 
 Tell all wer frinnds ther folly see, 
 
 An' ton te God. 
 
 Ah 've been i' t' way noo seeaven year," 
 
 An' as he spak a brahny tear 
 
 Ban doon eeach cheeak, az crystal clear, 
 
 Fra owder e'e ; 
 Thenk God ! Ah feel, whahl Ah sit here, 
 
 It's weel wi' me. 
 
28 
 
 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Bud t' neet is cummin' on amain, 
 An' 't leeaks az if 't was boon te rain, 
 Or else mah stooary's nut hawf deean, 
 
 'At Ah Ve te tell ; 
 Bud mebby we may meet ageean, 
 
 Till then, Fareweel ! " 
 
 Thoff he had all thooase sorrows booan, 
 Composer in eeach feeater shooan, 
 Thoff he 'd te walk an' live alooan, 
 
 Fra day te day ; 
 Ah wish'd hiz keeas had been me awn, 
 
 An' kom away. 
 
 T' END o' T> FOST FAIT, 
 
 Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 
PAIT SECOND. 
 
 WIV HIS DEEIN ADVICE. 
 
 OFT hev Ah lang'd yon hill te dim', 
 Te hev a bit mair pross wiv him, 
 Wheeas coonsil, like a pleeasin' dreeam, 
 
 Iz dear te me ; 
 Sen roond this warld sike chaps az him 
 
 Seea few ther be. 
 
 Corruptin' beeaks he did detest, 
 
 Fer hiz wer ov the varra best, 
 
 This meead him wahzer ner all t' rist, 
 
 0' t' nighbers roond ; 
 Thoff poor i' poss, wi' senses blist 
 
 An' judgment soond. 
 
 Afooar the silver neet ov age, 
 The precepts ov the sacred page 
 Hiz meditashin did engage, 
 
 That race te run ; 
 Like thooas weeah, spite o' Sattan's rage, 
 
 The prahz hed won. 
 
 Bud noo hiz e'en 's geean dim i' deeath, 
 Neea mair a pilgram here on t' yeeath, 
 Hiz sowl flit fra' her shell beneeath, 
 
 Te realms o' day ; 
 Whare carpin' care, an pain, an' deeath, 
 
 Iz deean way. 
 
 Wivoot t' poor author's neeam or leeave, 
 Tha 've put hiz stooary thruff ther seeave, 
 An' roond hiz circuit set ther screeave 
 
 0' justice keean ; 
 Fra' crotshits, cramps, an' simmibreeaves 
 
 Te sift him cleean. 
 
30 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 T chaige 'at tha ageean him bring 
 
 Iz harpin' owwer mitch o' yah string, 
 
 He triumphs like a lahtle king 
 
 Owwer fashans gay : 
 He 's owwer relidjous ! that 's the thing 
 
 Tha meean te say. 
 
 Bud still Awd Ahzaak tells hiz teeal, 
 Owwer monny a plissent hill an' deeal, 
 Will sumtahms inte citties steeal, 
 
 Ner sahlent be 
 Tell bairns strahv how te lisp hiz theeam 
 
 Across yon sea. 
 
 At oor last, bud lastin' interview, 
 Hiz fav'rite theeam he did renew, 
 Fra' which a paraphrase he drew, 
 
 An' thus began, 
 Convarsin' clear wi' frinndship trew, 
 
 Like man te man. 
 
 " Ah lahtle thowt, az weel thoo knaws, 
 Thoo tit t' pooblic wad expooas 
 Mah awd gray cooat, wi' all it's flaws, 
 
 An' staff an' all ; 
 Fer want ov which fooks prood when awd 
 
 Seea off ens fall. 
 
 Ah varry leeatly gat a hint 
 
 Tha 'd put oor stooary inte prent, 
 
 An' copies all roond t' cuntry sent, 
 
 Beeath left an' reet : 
 Bud, if 't wer deean wi' gud intent, 
 
 Gud luck gan wi' 't. 
 
 Fer all Ah sed wer meant fer gud, 
 
 If it wer reetly ondersteead, 
 
 Te sum, neea doot, me langwish wad 
 
 Seeam quite abrupt ; 
 We 're all alike ov flesh an' bleead 
 
 An' harts corrupt. 
 
 Fooaks oft leeak mair at bleead an' breedin' 
 Then at t' soobject they are readin', 
 An' thus awd Frejediz is feedin', 
 
 I' system narraw : 
 Fer want o' pains te crack t' hard beean, 
 
 They oft miss t' marraw. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 31 
 
 Men still, iv spite ov all oor coashin, 
 
 Hanker efter heegh promoshin, 
 
 Like Evan's pills, or Rowland's looashin, 
 
 Sahn'd be t' king ; 
 We 're seea inclahn'd te self-devooashin, 
 
 That is t' thing. 
 
 T' nashin still seeams discontent, 
 We 've strang debates i' parleyraent, 
 Petishins on petishins sent 
 
 Ther, all implooarin'; 
 An' sum i doonjiri's deep lament, 
 
 Whahl they are snooarin ' ! 
 
 An' still owwer t' land a cloud hings dull, 
 An' we ma' thrust, an' they may pool, 
 Wi' Ayes an' Noes, eeach paper 's full, 
 
 Wi' applause an' laf ter ; 
 An' all the gud for poor John Bull 
 
 'S te cum here-efter ! 
 
 Still let us cawmly wait tell t' end, 
 On God, an' nut on man, depend : 
 Oor nashin 's woond iz bad te mend 
 
 Ommest uncurable ! 
 Hiz Izrael He will still defend 
 
 Wiv kahndness durable. 
 
 Bud numbers strangely hev backslidden, 
 An' deean theease things 'at wer ferbidden, 
 An' caused Hiz feeace fer te be hidden 
 
 Be ackshins fool, 
 Tell scare a ray ov howp iz left 
 
 Te cheer yan's sowl. 
 
 The coonsil Ah wad recommend, 
 Iz all te strahve ther lives te rnend, 
 An' persevere untel the end, 
 
 I' wod an' deed ; 
 An' thoas al nivver want a frinnd 
 
 1' t' tahm o' need ! 
 
 Bud Ah mun cut mah stooary shooat, 
 Or it may mak yer criticks spooat, 
 Oor soobject's ov owwer grave a sooat 
 
 Te dwell upon : 
 Afooar ya spreead yer next repooat, 
 
 Ah sail be geean. 
 
32 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Fer sahn we met an' paited last, 
 
 Ah finnd mah strength iz gahin' fast, 
 
 Like floors aneeath a Nor'-Eeast blast, 
 
 Yance fresh an' gay ; 
 Seea man iz doom'd te droop an' weeast, 
 
 An' fade away. 
 
 Ah wad, afooar Ah tak me leeave, 
 Te all, me deein' coonsil give, 
 An' if the trewth they deea believe 
 
 Or apprehend, 
 That trewth, whahl Ah 've a day te live, 
 
 Ah will defend." 
 
 Cask's 
 
 When Eden's flowory gardin smahl'd, 
 Ner t' sarpint hed poor Eve begahl'd, 
 Man steead upreet an' undefahl'd 
 
 F mahnd an' feeater, 
 An' mutuwal conversashin held 
 
 Wiv hiz Creator. 
 
 Bud when that deeadly monster, Sin, 
 Had yance gain'd an entrance in 
 Tit whahld, oor sorrows did begin, 
 
 An' Heeaven froon'd, 
 An' t 1 glitt'ring swoord ov justice gleeam'd 
 
 On all aroond. 
 
 Sin spred destruckshin wahd, an' seean 
 Grim Deeath began hiz fearful reean, 
 Sattan wiv lees an' mallas keen 
 
 Went teea an' fro', 
 All t' frail, thoif nowble, suns o' men 
 
 Te owwerthraw. 
 
 Bud the Almighty sent Hiz aid, 
 
 Enoch an' Abraham obey'd, 
 
 An' Noah, an' Job, an' Daniel pray'd, 
 
 An' Gideon teea ; 
 An' mighty foes thruff mighty faith 
 
 Tha did subdeea. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 33 
 
 Then ancient Izrael's altars bleeaz'd, 
 An' sollem congregashins gaz'd, 
 An' holy men ther voices raiz'd, 
 
 An' trumpits soonded ; 
 Then heeathen aimies steead amaz'd, 
 
 An' wer confoonded. 
 
 Then Joshua conker'd i' the deeal, 
 An' gud Elijah did preveeal, 
 The wicked wershippers o' Baal 
 
 He owwerthrew. 
 An' show'd te them the livin' God, 
 
 An' only trew. 
 
 Then whahl the sacrifice waz pure, 
 Destructshin com nut neegh ther dour ; 
 I' moont er tent tha wer secure, 
 
 Be neet er day, 
 Whahl thravin' groops o' flocks an' heeards 
 
 All roond 'em lay. 
 
 Tha towt an' show'd ther childer hoo 
 Ther fayders kept ther sollem voo, 
 When the Almighty led 'em throo 
 
 The dessot land ; 
 An' hoo thooas fell 'at wad n't boo 
 
 Te Hiz command. 
 
 An' seea sud we wer childer teeach, 
 An' in ther ears gud doctrin preeach, 
 Afooar corrupt idees can reeach 
 
 Ther tender mahnd ; 
 Te finnd when tha te manhud reeach, 
 
 The gud disahn'd. 
 
 Ey, tell 'em wheea t' awd sarpant stang, 
 Hoo Moses towt an' Deborah sang, 
 An' hoo the holy Hebrews yung 
 
 Did woke thruff fire ; 
 An' try te teean ther infant tungs 
 
 Te David's lyre. 
 
 Kemahnd 'em ov a Saviour's luv, 
 Lara 'em the ways God will appruv, 
 Te pray an' fix ther thowts abuv 
 
 Yeth's fleetin' joys ; 
 Whilk at ther best when tried al preeav 
 
 Bud empty toys. 
 
34 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Consult the warthies ov eeach age, 
 Wheeas lives are doon i' t' sacred page, 
 Ner rist tell all the hart engage 
 
 Like them i' fight ; 
 Then we like them oor hostile fooas 
 
 Sail put te flight, 
 
 Tiv uz tha fer egzamples stand, 
 Lahk gahd-posts iv a weeary land, 
 Or lahk seea monny beeacons grand 
 
 On mountains heegh, 
 Te show uz t' rooad Jehovah 'z plann'd, 
 
 Er danger neegh. 
 
 Bud men graw noo seea wahldly wahz, 
 Seea prooan te vanitee an' lees, 
 The best o' coonsil tha '11 dispahz, 
 
 Seea queer tha liv; 
 Tha '11 scarce a propper queston ax, 
 
 Er anser giv. 
 
 Mankahnd i' general can spy 
 A mooat 'at T z in ann udder's e'e ; 
 An' big an' bizzy az Paul Pry 
 
 Te mark it doon ; 
 It helps fra' silly passers by 
 
 Te felt ther awn. 
 
 Ther 's numbers seeams o' t' better sooat, 
 'At round our chapils will rezooat, 
 An' o' convershin mak a spooat, 
 
 An' sins forgi'en ; 
 An' at the trewly pious shut 
 
 Ther arrows keen. 
 
 - Bud the Almighty seez ther ways, 
 An', thoff he lengthens oot ther days, 
 An' His just wrath He now delays, 
 
 'T iz seer te cum ; 
 The stootest o' the human race 
 Mun meet ther doom. 
 
 Ey, when ther jolly days ar spent, 
 If tha deea nut i' tahm repent, 
 Tha 11 seerly doon te Hell be sent 
 
 Te revil theer ; 
 Te koss, an' foam, an' paj? ther rint 
 
 I' black dispair. 
 
AWD AHZAAK. 85 
 
 Freeat nut theesel' when thoo diz see 
 T' wicked iv hiz prosperitee, 
 Te florrish like a green bay tree, 
 
 Er cedar tall ; 
 Tha like a leeaf, be firm decree, 
 
 Mun fade an' fall. 
 
 Consider thoo what hez been sed, 
 An' o' ther threeats be nivver flay'd, 
 Beware lest thoo sud be betray'd, 
 
 Be ther dissait ; 
 Gi'e t' Lord thee hart, an' deea n't dispahz, 
 
 Hiz Sperrit 's leet. 
 
 T' cuntree seeams all anxiety 
 Te knaw Awd Ahzaak's pedigree, 
 An' sum rooar oot, * v It's all a lee ! 
 
 A meead up thing ! " 
 Te sike we think it nut worth whahl 
 
 Wer preeafs te bring. 
 
 Fer all 'at wish te knaw, mah read 
 The sum an' soobstance ov hiz creed, 
 Mah catch an' saw the lahtle seed, 
 
 Wiv greeat success : 
 But whare he lived, an' whare he deed, 
 
 Iz left te guess. 
 
 AWD AHZAAK'S STOOARY'S ENDED. 
 
 Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 G 2 
 
T' LEEALHOLM CHAP'S LUCKY 
 DREEAM, 
 
 OR, AN AWD THING 
 
 YAH Kessenmas neet, or then aboot, 
 When nieeasons all wor frozzen oot, 
 Ah went te see a cuntry frinnd, 
 An hospitubbel hoor te spinnd. 
 Fer gains Ah cut across o' t' moor, 
 Whoor t' snaw seea furosly did stour. 
 T' hoos Ah geeand, an' enter'd in, 
 An' wer az welcome az a king. 
 T' storm ageean t' awd winder patter'd, 
 An' t' hailsteeans doon t' chimler clatter'd ; 
 All hands wer in, an' seeam'd content, 
 An' neean did frost er snaw lament. 
 T' lasses all wer at ther sewin', 
 Ther cheeaks wi' hilth an' beauty glowin'. 
 Aroond t' looa heearth, i' cheerful chat, 
 Tweea 'r three frinndly nighbers sat ; 
 Ther travils tellin', whare tha 'd been, 
 An' what tha hed beeath heeard an' seen ; 
 Tell yan uz all did mitch amuse, 
 An' thus a stooary introduce. 
 
 " Ah rickollect lang sahn," sez he, 
 " A stooary 'at wer telt te me, 
 'At seeams seea strange i' this oor day, 
 That trew or fause Ah cannut say. 
 
 A man liv'd i' this nighberhud, 
 Neea doot ov reputashin gud. 
 An' lang tahm straahve, wi' stiddy care, 
 Te keep hiz hooshod i' repair. 
 At length he hed a euros dreeam, 
 (Fer three neets runnin' 't wer all t' seeam,) 
 'At if on Lunnon Brigg he stud, 
 He'd hear sum news wad deea him gud. 
 
LEEALHOLM CHAP'S LUCKY DREEAM. 37 
 
 He laber'd hard, beeath neet an' day, 
 
 Tryin' te drahve thooas thowts away, 
 
 Bud daily grew mair discontent, 
 
 Tell he at last te Lunnon went. 
 
 Bein' quite a stranger te that toon, 
 
 Lang tahm he wanner'd oop an' doon, 
 
 Tell led biv sum mysterous hand, 
 
 On Lunnon Brigg he teeak hiz stand ; 
 
 An' theer he waited day be day, 
 
 An' just wer boon te cum away, 
 
 Seea mitch he thowt he wer te bleeam, 
 
 Te gan' seea far aboot a dreeain, 
 
 When thus a chap, as he drew near, 
 
 Did ax, Good friend, what seek you here, 
 
 Where I have seen you soon and late ? ' 
 
 Hiz dreeam tiv him he did relate. 
 < Dreams,' sez the man, ; are empty things, 
 Mere thoughts that flit on silver'd wings ; 
 Unheeded we should let them pass, 
 I 've had a dream, and thus it was : 
 That somewhere round this peopled ball, 
 There 'z such a place as Lealholm Hall. 
 Yet whether such a place there be, 
 Or not, is all unknown to me. 
 There, 'neath a cellar dark and deep, 
 Where slimy creatures nightly creep, 
 And human footsteps never tread, 
 There is a store of treasure hid. 
 If it be so, I have no doubt 
 Some lucky wight will find it out : 
 Yet true or false is nought to me, 
 For I shall ne'er go there to see ! ' 
 
 Oor Leealholm frinnd did twice er thrice 
 Thenk t' cockney chap fer hiz advice ; 
 Then heeam ageean, withoot delay, 
 He cheerfully did tak hiz way. 
 
 Settin' aboot hiz wark he sped 
 Fund ivvery thing az t' man hed sed ; 
 Wer ivvor efter seen te florrish, 
 T' fahnest gentleman i' t' parish. 
 Fooaks wunner'd sair, an' weel tha meet, 
 Whare he gat all hiz ginnees breet ! 
 
 If it wer trew, i' spite o' feeam, 
 It wer te him a lucky dreeam ! " 
 
T' BEELDIN' 0' GLAISD1LL BRIGG. 
 
 A RUFF JOB FEE BEEATH MAISTER AN' MEN IV 1828. 
 
 PAIT FOST. 
 
 
 
 WHERIVVER yan gans te tak a woak, 
 
 This brigg iz* all the common toak ; 
 
 Fer wedder it be leeat er seean, 
 
 Ther cry iz, " Har n't ya ommeast deean ? " 
 
 A nighber se'd te Matty Hall, 
 He thowt this brigg wad kill uz all : 
 Bud hoo this prophecee ma muv, 
 Seean tahm er Providence will pruv. 
 
 Bud seer t' experimental pait, 
 Wad ding a hero oot o' hairt, 
 "When we reflect on what iz past, 
 An' gannin' on fra f ost te last. 
 
 Geoorge Tinker com when t' job began, 
 Bud acted like a cunniu' man ; 
 Fer t' hill wer owwer hard te clim, 
 An' seean the gam waz up wiv him. 
 
 Then Pritty com i' t' heat o' t' thrang, 
 An' prommist fair fer stoppin' lang ; 
 Bud he be chance gat strange an' leeam, 
 An' we had him te carry heeam. 
 
 An' Silversahd hez left i' det, 
 An' Johnson 'z teean away i' t' pet ; 
 Fletcher wad neea langher stay, 
 An' Gibson sez he '11 run away. 
 
 Pearson toaks ov weary beeans, 
 He 'z ommest kill'd wi' cuttin' steeans ; 
 An' Castillo he 'z lang been seek, 
 He seldom gits fahve days i' t' week. 
 
BEELDIN' o' GLAISDILL BEIGG. 39 
 
 An' Cruddaz cums nobbut now an' then, 
 An 'z reckont yan ov oor heead men ; 
 An' Breckon, he 'z nut lang been wiv uz, 
 An' riddy onny day te leeav uz. 
 
 Oor maister 'z hed ruff rooad te pass, 
 Tha 've straiten'd him fer want o' brass ; 
 An' t' men wad hev ther wages raized, 
 'T 'z aneeaf te set a maister craized. 
 
 Seea opposishin greeat an' small 
 Had dampt the sperrits ov uz all ! 
 We fondly thowt oor trade wad florrish, 
 Suppooated be a wealthy parish. 
 
 Bud awkard fields, an' narrow riggs, 
 Tha Ve spoilt uz quite fer beeldin' briggs ; 
 Ner iz it common i' this nashin 
 Te beeld 'em on a dry foundashin. 
 
 Wiv all ther petty plans an' prices, 
 Tha teear a workman all te pieces ; 
 An' if tha git ther ends aboot, 
 Oor meeasons seean ma worhk fer nowt. 
 
 Ther 'z yan 'at aims he 'z i' famus graith, 
 He laffs an' maks a spooat o' faith ; 
 A tahm ma cum, wiv visage grim, 
 When he ma wish hiz lamp te trim. 
 
 Noo sike a man sud f ost be seen 
 Te git all t' scesals teean off hiz een ; 
 An' try te beeld a brigg at yance 
 Across t' wahd gulf ov ignorance.* 
 
 Annudder wheea disarves a stripe, 
 He 'z rayder reeasty iv hiz pipe, 
 He awluz had a deal te say, 
 Bud scarce a penny will he pay ! 
 
 We hev sum condescendin' men, 
 Ther ma neea doot be yan i' ten, 
 That ken the legal tahm o' day, 
 An' help uz on withoot delay. 
 
 We 've yan 'at lens a helpin' hand 
 
 At yance possesst beeath hoos an' land ; 
 
 The Inscription on the Bridge is, Ponder thy path, for genuine faith 
 can build a bridge across the gulf of death." 
 
40 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 He 'z ommest eeghty year ov age, 
 
 He brings hiz tneeat, an' taks neea wage ! 
 
 Wiv furrow'd cheeaks an' hooary hairs, 
 He 'z gi'en uz monny faithful days ; 
 He leeaks thruff hardships, creeak'dan' coll'd, 
 Tiv hiz reward i' t' udder woll'd. 
 
 We hev annudder royal meeason, 
 That diz n't put annudder feeace on ; 
 Bud freely cums te help uz throo, 
 An' brings a lusty prentis too. 
 
 Had Wallis cum, wiv all his brags, 
 He might hev geean wiv empty bags, 
 % Unless 'at 't parish jurisdickshin 
 Had meead it up be a soobscripshin. 
 
 May uz 'at 'z left, like trew-drawin' hosses, 
 Tak up wiv all oor rubs an'*crosses ; 
 Fer efter all this toil an' pain, 
 We howp 'at t' sun 11 shahn ageean ! 
 
 Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 
PAIT SECOND 
 
 Tha tell uz oft, when we 're away, 
 Bud meeastly ov a Sabbath day, 
 Oor brigg is crooded wiv inspectors, 
 'At rahze aboot it queer conjecters. 
 
 Sum grit men, wi' judishus sarch, 
 Hev spied a crack o' tweea i' t' arch, 
 An' sends t' alarm fra toon te toon 
 'At seer aneeaf 't '11 tummel doon. 
 
 Sumboddy raist a dreeadful teeal, 
 Hoo it hed freeten'd Jooasuff Deeal ; 
 He com te see 't yah Sabbath day, 
 An' just leeakt up, an' ran away. 
 
 He thowt he heer'd sumboddy say, 
 Tha thowt tha seed it givin' way ! 
 He ran seea fast that nowt cud tonn him, 
 Fer fear 'at t' brigg sud tummel on him. 
 
 It wor neea joke, fer far aboon, 
 He ommest ran a woman doon ; * 
 An' if sheea owwer t' bows had geean, 
 He 'd kill'd er leeam'd her, ten te yan. 
 
 Bud efter all 'at 'z deean an' sed, 
 Ther iz neea cayshin te be flay'd : 
 Whahl t' prisent fahmers hods ther land, 
 Ther iz neea fear bud t' brigg '11 stand. 
 
 Bud ther iz sum unlucky lads 
 
 'At wants correctin' be ther dads ; 
 
 Tha might be iv sum better pleeace 
 
 Ner thrawin' steeans 'at t' awd man's feeace.f 
 
 * Sheea wor rcadin' t' inscripshin ! 
 t T' feeace on t' kyghsteean o' t' brigg wer damisht wi 1 t' lads thrawin' 
 steeans at it. 
 
PICKEllIN' STEEPLE CHASS. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 WEEL, Jim, hoo deea lad ? What iz t' news ? 
 What, sahd is thoo on ? Pinks er Blews ? 
 Here 'z sike a mighty stir i' t' nashin, 
 It 'z worth a lahtle conversashin. 
 Ah want te knaw, iz 't reet er wrang ? 
 Unless thah narves iz varra strang, 
 Ah hev a paper i' me pockit 
 'LI lift the hart oot ov its sockit ! 
 
 JIM. 
 
 A paper, Joe ! what iz 't aboot ? 
 Sum monney matter tha 'z neea doot ! 
 Sum Mettody er Banter bodder, 
 Er sum Teetotal thing er udder. 
 Yan scarce can pass alang a street, 
 Bud sum sike like yan 'z seer te meet, 
 Wheea 'd ommest sweer 'at black iz white, 
 Te gain annudder prosselite. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 A monney matter 't iz ov cooas, 
 Fra quite an opposisshin sooas, 
 Fer, be tha Liverpool Recooader, 
 'T iz mair like ov t' Succeshin Ooader ; 
 Althoff 't iz sed, be snug repooat, 
 Religious fooak hev gi'en 't suppooat. 
 That 'at Ah noo te nooatis bring 
 Iz t' Steeple Chass at Pickerin'. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Whyah, Joe, thoo 'z neean o' t' warst o' fellaz, 
 Seea squat tha doon a bit an' tell uz, 
 If thoo sud think it neea disgross, 
 Aboot thiz meeghty Steeple Chass ; 
 Ov hoo, an' when, an' whare tha run, 
 Fer honnor, monney, er fer fun. 
 
PICKERIN' STEEPLE CHASS. 43 
 
 Thoo 'z just gi'en ma an itchin' ear, 
 It 'z t' varra thing Ah wish te hear. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Thoo seez, upon a sartin day, 
 Ah hennut seen, bud heeard 'em say, 
 Grit gentilmen hev hosses train'd, 
 Fra lofty pedigree obtain'd, 
 Seea full o' bleead, an' queerly towt, 
 Te gallop thruff er owwer owt. 
 All muster at a sartin pleeace, 
 An' this tha call ther Steeple Chass. 
 A poss o' gowld tha then prisent, 
 An' wod iz thruff all t' cuntrey sent. 
 Fer f owwer mahl, Ah think, tha run, 
 An' he 'at beeats, the steeaks 'z hiz awn. 
 Sum breeak ther necks wi' missin' bridges, 
 An' sum gits stuck wi' jumpin' hedges ! 
 Ay, te confirm 'at trewth Ah sing, 
 Tha kilt a hoss at Pickerin'. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Whyah, Joe ! thoo quite supprahzes me, 
 Te think 'at men ov heegh degree 
 Sud reallie hev neea mair rispecks 
 Fer nowder t' men ner t' bosses' necks. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 A hoss iz nowt i' sike a keease ! 
 Bairn, sowls iz nowt at t' Steeple Chass ! 
 Tha fer a trifle swap an' sell 'em ; 
 An' t' pahsons hez n't sense te tell 'ein 
 That t' Steeple Chass iz suited quite 
 Te glut ther carnal appetite. 
 Thooas 'at ther Babbles luv an' preear, 
 'LI finnd bud bareish pickin' theer. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Mahnd, Joe, thoo iz n't owwer severe, 
 An' 'at thah coonsil be sincere ; 
 Fer t' law hez monny kuros links, 
 Man mooant speeak awluz az he thinks. 
 Thoff Ah mesel' feel shockt te think 
 Men sud seea push te ruin's brink, 
 Mitch mair te be inkorridged in 
 What mun be a presumpteous sin. 
 
44 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Man, mair Ah see this standart reeazt, 
 An' mair an' mair Ah stand ameeazt, 
 Te think 'at pahsons sud n't see 't, 
 An' tell 'em plain it iz n't reet : 
 'At men sike docktrin sud procleeam, 
 An' thooas 'at beer t' Christian neeam, 
 I' spite ov all divine advice, 
 Sud sankshin sike a sweepin' vice. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Whativver be ther settisfackshin, 
 It hez a wonnerful attrackshin, 
 An' maks 'em freely stir ther shanks, 
 'Specially them o' t' heegher ranks. 
 Frev Scarbro', Malton, York, an' Leeds, 
 Tha cum on lof fcy-moonted steeds, 
 Owwer dazzelin' ommost te behowl'd, 
 Wiv silvert whips an' cheeans o' gowld. 
 Theer 'z bans o' music, cullers fieein', 
 Hams an' legs o' mutton freyin' ; 
 Nimmel waiters upon t' wing 
 Te sell 'em drink an' hear 'em sing ; 
 Theer 'z gammelin' teeabels, orringe stalls, 
 Spice, an' nuts, an' dancin' dolls : 
 All things te suit ther carnal teeast 
 May just be fund at t' Steeple Chass. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Thooas men hev getten 't i' ther poower 
 Carin' nowt fer t' starvin' poor, 
 Te gallop owwer hedge an' dyke, 
 An' deea an' say just what tha like ; 
 An' all t' tahm tha run thooas rigs, 
 An' sing, an' drink, an' dance ther jigs, 
 They '11 booast ov nowbel ancestry, 
 An' meeghty steeple pedigree. 
 If onny wish tha cause te knaw, 
 Hoo tha are yabbel te deea so, 
 " 'T iz monney maks the meer te gang," 
 Maks wrang seeam reet an' reet seeam wrang. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Bud t' thing sud be te them meead knawn, 
 'At t' gowld an' silver 'z nut ther awn ; 
 'At t' cattle tha abuse an' kill 
 
PICKEBIN' STEEPLE CHASS. 45 
 
 Belangs tiv t' Lord o' Zion's hill. 
 
 Tha sud be wahn'd i' ivvery pleeace 
 
 Te giv up all sike wickid ways ; 
 
 Er seer az ther 'z a God aboon, 
 
 Tha '11 pool ther awn destruckshin doon. 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Tha hev been wahn'd, an' hev refused, 
 Whahl thooas gud things tha hev abused ; 
 Be which abuse tha breeak God's law, 
 An' that He '11 sum da} 7 let 'em knaw. 
 This maks 'em breeathe pernishous breeath, 
 An' swagger on tit varge o' deeath ; 
 Whahl udders, rayder then controwl, 
 'LI breeak ther necks, an' loss ther sowl. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 A chap telt me, be way o' crack, 
 Bud kahnd o' trimmel'd az he spak, 
 Tha 'd docters pleeact, wivin a shoot, 
 Te slip necks in 'at gat slipt oot. * 
 
 JOE. 
 
 It 'z awful booastin' this indeed, 
 Bad sample ov beeath fruit an' seed ! 
 bike ma upbraid the warld wi' sizm, 
 This iz next dooher te soshalizm. 
 Sike booastin' tha will sum day rue, 
 If we admit wer Bahbel trew. 
 All thooas mun pass a meeghty change 
 Afooar on t' happy hills tha range. 
 Bud tiv oor teeal let uz tonn back, 
 Lest wa git farder frev oor track. 
 T' greeat day arrahves, an' t' smahlin' sun 
 Proclaims ther Steeple Chass begun. 
 On eeager lugs then t' tumult steeals, 
 Ov prancin' steeds an' rummellin' wheels. 
 It wer a day ov winks an' nods, 
 Ov lofty deeds an' lofty wods ; 
 Az thoff tha hed fer ther defense 
 All t' thuuner ov Omnipotence. 
 Then fooaks com rowlin' in be skooars, 
 Frev nighb'rin' toons, an' off o' t' mooars ; 
 Like cloods o' locusts in tha hale, 
 Fra Gooadland, Sleights, an' Harwood-deeal. 
 
 * Y"an o 1 ther fost-rate rahders sed 'at he carried a lowse neck iv his 
 pockit, i' keeas owt happent hiz awn. 
 
46 DIALEcT POEMS. 
 
 T iz seerlie sum inchantit string . 
 'At diz sike croods tegidder bring. 
 Like beez tha roond ther Steeple swarm, 
 Iv that tha lahklee see neea hahm. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Neea hahm ! what hahm, Joe, can ther be 
 Iv seein' sike a raritee 
 Ov men an' hosses heeghly feead, 
 Wi' preeasts an' squires at ther heead ? 
 Ov gentilmen an' ladies gay, 
 Az bonny az the flowers o' May ? 
 Thare riches, yuth, an' beauty shahn, 
 Array 'd i' silk an' superfahn. 
 An' fahmer maidens, yung an' fair, 
 Yan wonners hoo tha 've tahm te spare ; 
 Wi' lads o' manners ruff an' rude, 
 All mixin' i' yah multitude. 
 An' poor awd men 'at scarce can blaw, 
 Wi' beeards an' whiskers white az snaw ; 
 Sad sample ov oor fallen race, 
 All rollin' up tit Steeple Chass. 
 An' fahmer sarvants leeave ther plew, 
 Callin* ther maisters black an' blew, 
 Wheeah fer ther creedit an' gud neearn 
 Hed coonsilt 'em te stop at heeam. 
 Ah met 'em az Ah com alang, 
 (Tha wonnert whyah Ah wad n't gang) 
 Wi' rooasy cheeaks an' shooders breead, 
 Bettin' wagers upon t' rooad. 
 Ther leeaks an' wods at yance declare 
 Ther trizher an' ther harts iz theer. 
 If yah contrary sentence drop, 
 That mouth at yance tha try te stop. 
 Bud when roond t' splendid stand tha meet, 
 'T wad deea a blinnd man gud te see 't ! 
 Besahdes thooaz men 'z seea fahnly drisst 
 A Steeple Chass ! whyah w r eeah wad miss 't? 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Frev fost te last, it iz desahn'd 
 
 Te pleease, te fascinate the rnahnd ; 
 
 Te lift it, az s on eeagil's wings, 
 
 An' drahve off thowts ov better things. 
 
 T' stewhads, full o' warldly wit, 
 
PICKERIN' STEEPLE CHASS. 47 
 
 Pronounce 'at all things noo ar fit, 
 
 When thoosans then rowl'd up te see, 
 
 Az drawn be steeple witchery. 
 
 Ther 'z joiners, meeasons, bricklays, carters, 
 
 Careless o' ther futer quarters, 
 
 Leeave the scaffold, rooad, er shop, 
 
 Ner waits te lap ther happrons up ; 
 
 All i' sike a mighty strather, 
 
 Fit te treead o' yan annudder. 
 
 Mudders careless o' ther sun, 
 
 Callin' t'' bairns 'at weea n't cum on. 
 
 Fra whence tha cum, er whoor tha dwell, 
 
 If yoo Ve a paper it '11 tell. 
 
 You ken the bosses wheeas tha ar 
 
 Be t' cullers 'at ther rahders weear. 
 
 Thus wedder i' the rooad er no, 
 
 Wi' whip an' spoor, away tha goa ! 
 
 wwer hedge an' dyke,ther's nowt can stop'm, 
 
 Unless an angry God unprop 'em. 
 
 Thus rabdin' owwer gess er kooan 
 
 'At 'z growin' er 'at 'z leeatly sawn, 
 
 Thare 'z neean dahr lift a hand, er say, 
 
 " Whathevyadeean?" er " Wheea'ztepay?" 
 
 Whahl oaths profane an' laf ter lood 
 
 Ar utter'd be the geeapin' crood : 
 
 Be sum wheea yance religion luv'd, 
 
 Nut nobbut sangshinn'd, bud appruv'dj 
 
 If ivvery wod an' seeacrit thowt 
 
 Mun yah day be te judgment browt ; 
 
 0, hoo unlike sike wark az this 
 
 Iz that 'at leads te gloaryas bliss ! 
 
 Te see 'em all seea blahth an' merry 
 
 Waz famus pastahm fer Awd Kerry ! 
 
 If owt te him cud be deleeghtin', 
 
 'T wad be te see 'em drunk an' feeghtin'. 
 
 He popt aboot amang the people, 
 
 At last he popt up on tit steeple, 
 
 Opperi'd a pair ov dizmal jaws, 
 
 Flapt hiz black wings, an' yawn'd applause. 
 
 Like sum prood emperor ov awd, 
 
 Upon the weddercock he rade ; 
 
 Whoor he mud all at yance sorvay 
 
 The grand proceedins ov that day. 
 
 A flag-staff fer a whip he seeaz'd, 
 
48 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 An' spoort the spire, he wor seea pleeaz'd 
 Te think it sud hiz cause diffend, 
 An' that hiz bait hed ansert t' end. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 It 'z nut fer thoo te critesahz 
 On men seea greeat, seea rich, seea wahz. 
 Tha aim, neea doot, az weel az thee, 
 Te gan' te Heeaven when tha dee. 
 What, thoff ther munney be bud lent, 
 Thoo knaws 'at munney mun be spent : 
 Besahdes, tha hev example teea, 
 If t' pahson 'z theer, what 'z that te theea ? 
 
 JOB. 
 
 If thooas sud miss ther passidge heeam, 
 A careless priesthud tha ma bleeam ; 
 Blinnd guides tha ar, an' t' kirk'z ther mudder, 
 An' tha weea n't gang te hear annudder. 
 We Christians run a cliff' rent race, 
 Te what ya call yer Steeple Chass ; 
 Besahdes, we finnd i' Holy Writ, 
 Ther 'z neean cums theer 'at ar nut fit. 
 
 JIM. 
 
 Thoo means te preev be argiment, 
 Thooas 'at cum theer mun fost repent, 
 An' be thruff Jesus Christ fergiven 
 Afooar tha 're i' the rooad te Heeaven. 
 Neea carnal plizher tha mun share, 
 Bud liv a life ov faith an' pray'r. 
 If thooaz aleean hev savin' grace, 
 Doon gans at yance the Steeple Chass ! 
 
 JOE. 
 
 Seea lejins fell frev leet te dark, 
 Seea Dagon fell afooar the ark, 
 Seea God prood Pharoah owwerthrew, 
 Wiv Sisera, an' G-oliah teea, 
 Seea fell the lords i' sad serprahz 
 Wheeaz hands hed put oot Samson's eyes. 
 Thooaz meeghty men wer tonn'd te dust, 
 An' seean thooaz Steeple Chassers must. 
 Whyah, Joe, it cap ma fair te ken, 
 Hoo thooaz heegh-fleeing' gentilmen 
 Can, frev ther chassin' gan te t' kirk, 
 
PICKEBIN STEEPLE CHASS. 
 
 An' join i' t' blissid Sunda's wark, 
 Singin' wiv all ther meeght an' main, 
 This Heeaven-inspired, this holy strain : 
 " Let all thy converse be sincere, 
 Thy conscience as the noon-day clear ; 
 For God's all-seeing eye surveys 
 Thy secret thoughts, thy words and ways." 
 An' then frev t' kirk tit Steeple Chass, 
 An' set at nowt God's luv an' grace, 
 Call t' dissenters all thruff t' nashin 
 Fer Apostolical Successhin ! 
 
 Jos. 
 
 Te bring oor soobject tiv a clooas, 
 Oor aim is nobbut te expooas 
 The thing Almighty God diz hate 
 Nut te provooak unkahnd debate. 
 The day 'z nut far 'at will reveeal 
 The trewth, an' fix the final seeal. 
 Sum ma, when it 'z owwer leeat te rew, 
 Finnd what tha howp'd wer fause, iz trew, 
 Consarnin' ivverlastin' woe ! 
 
 49 
 
 Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 
POORER PATCH. 
 
 POOHER Patch waz browt up tit scratch, 
 An' markt oot f er bein' a glutton ; 
 Wiv hiz neck iv a string, 
 He wer sentenced te swing, 
 'Koas he 'd grown sike a laddie f er mutton. 
 
 A bit ov a leg he happent te beg, 
 Az doon Jack-sled-gate he wer trudgin' ; 
 Be carryin' on 't heeam, 
 He gat all the bleeam, 
 An' he wer te be hang'd wivoot judgin'. 
 
 He seeam'd f er te say, at the clooas o' f day 
 Te t' dogs 'at he happent te see : 
 
 " Tak warnin' be me, 
 
 When yer oot on the spree, 
 Er ya '11 hing on a gallas az heegh ! 
 
 Ther'z monnymairleft 'at ar laddies fer theft, 
 A vast mair fer takkin' then givin' ; 
 
 Sheep '11 be worried, 
 
 Thoff Ah 'm seea hurry'd 
 Away frev tha land o' the living'." 
 
 Tailpiece ly Linton. 
 
ROOASDILL BOB AN* HARTOFT 
 JOHN. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 WHAT cheer, awd stock ? say what'z ther been te doo, 
 'At maks ya leeak seea dark aboot yer broo ? 
 Ya leeak az thoff yer parleyment petishin, 
 Hed met wi' sum rooamantic opposisshin. 
 Er mebby yoo hev met wi' sum abuse, 
 Er frev sum quahter heeard sum hevvy news. 
 Mebby the trial ma cum clooaserstill, 
 Yer wahf er childer ma be takken ill. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Alas ! the news Ah hev te tell 'z seea bad 
 
 'At t' feeldz an' forrists seeam i' monnin' clad ! 
 
 Be men unawthorahz'd an' unahdeean'd 
 
 Oor new-erictet temple iz profeean'd. 
 
 The cushins an' the tasshils all ar soilt, 
 
 The bell 'z inchantit, an' oor warshop 'z spoilt. 
 
 Tha 've held iv it what 'z cawzt this desecrayshin ? 
 
 A meetin' fer the Bahbel's sirkalayshin ! 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 If that be all, whyah t' thing 'z az leet az kaff ! 
 The feeldz an' fleeads ma clap ther hans an' laff ; 
 Sen' better sense iz teeachin' greeat an' small 
 Te send Hiz gloryez leet fra powl te powl. 
 'T iz yan o' Jesus Christ's last greeat commands 
 Te send this leet te dark an' heeathen lands. 
 Let 'z howp the profit '11 ootweygh the loss ; 
 If t' parson beea n't, whyah t' chetch '11 beneeawarse. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Whyah, Ah 'z neea scholard, nowder will pertend 
 Te say hoo far this mischief ma extend. 
 Oor greeat Divahn, afooar He left the pleeace, 
 He telt uz posativ it wer the keeas : 
 
52 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Hiz argimeut did rahz te that amoont, 
 The chetch wer ruint on this seeam account. 
 When sike like wark the chetch's pillahs shak, 
 Hiz Maister's honner fooast him fer te speeak. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Wedder Divahn, M.A.., er LL.D., 
 T" ?z lahtel matter wheea er what he be ; 
 Fer t' thing 'z reveealt tiv uz az weel az him, 
 What God appreeavs, man owt nut te condemn. 
 Whativver ma be hiz sahserdooatal geeans, 
 Whyah t' pooblic ma weel thenk him fer hiz peeans, 
 'At he seea fahn a sampel sud dispense 
 Ov collidge-eddicated imped ense. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Kud it be heeard an' ondersteead areet, 
 Daft Hannah's speeach wad be quite full o' leet. 
 Sheea thinks t' awd man sud nut ha' been seea vext, 
 Bud tonn'd hiz leeaf, an' teean annudder text. 
 All t' bad iffecks hez bin, sheea hez neea doot, 
 Wi' brush an' beezom, swept an' carried oot : 
 Tha teeak trew pains te mak all clean an' clivver, 
 An' t' chetch iz noo az gud an' weel az ivver. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Bud leeaks thoo heer, this iz the thing tha dreead, 
 If yance the Bahbel an' the trewth we spreead, 
 The veil '11 fall fra off the peepel's e'es, 
 An' t' commons then will az ther lords be wahz ; 
 Tha then '11 graw seea bowld i' disposhisshin, 
 Te heegher poohers tha will disdain submisshin ; 
 An' will, te men ov honerubbel neeam, 
 Refuse that hommidge 'at ther titles claim ! 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Then chapils will iv all dereckshins rahz, 
 W iv saucy steepels moontin' te the skaihs ; 
 An' preeachers run, er rahd wiv hoss er gig, 
 Az rank az sheep 'at travil Blaky Eigg. 
 If sike prosseedins fodder be allood, 
 Awd Inglin's sun '11 set behint a clood ; 
 Ner sud wa wunner tha alood procleeam, 
 Thooas men sal speeak neea langher iv His neeam. 
 
 JOHN. 
 'At sike a meetin' sud be held i' t' chetcb, 
 
KOOASDILL BOB AN' HABTOFT TOM. 53 
 
 Be men 'at scarse wer fit te stan' i' t' pooatch, 
 Wer sike an a stain upon itz consecrayshin 
 Az roozt his riverence's indignayshin. 
 Fer what cud thooaz expect az ther reward, 
 Bud frev sike bowld attimpts te be debarr'd ? 
 Noo nivver mair mun tha cum theer ageean, 
 Whahl he hiz sacrid office diz susteean. 
 If sike )ike doctrins spreead an' sud prevail, 
 Then bishop's ordinayshin treead '11 fail ; 
 Then grace '11 mair then larnin' be admired, 
 An' preeasts stan' i' the markit-pleeace onhired ; 
 Men will frev ivvery seeacrit kooaner creeap, 
 An' oot o' kooalpits in tit poolpit leeap ; 
 Whahl wi' ther jesters an' ther insinewayshins 
 Tha '11 rob t' awd chetches o' ther congregayshins. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Then fooaks '11 tonn, lahk beez 'at 'z left ther hahv, 
 Seea stupid 'at tha '11 nowder leead ner drahv, 
 Ner draw be gifts, ner binnd doon be oppresshin, 
 Ner scar be Apostolecal Suckshesshin. 
 I' vain a man ma then hiz f eeace dizgahz, 
 An' lanlords owwer ther tenants tyrannahz. 
 Neea patch wark then '11 anser az afooar, 
 Ner goons, ner blankits buy er sell the pooher. 
 That parson then ma chance te loss hiz pleeace 
 Wheea hunts, er gallops i' a Steepel Chass ; 
 Wheea i' the ring appears a jovial fella, 
 Sits be hiz wahn er grog tell he iz mella ; 
 Wheea wiv hiz dogs persews the grooz er gam, 
 Mair then the cottidge o' the pooher er leeam ; 
 Er, if hiz gun sud chance te miss her mark, 
 Will rap an' sweear, an' lie all t' bleeam on t' dark. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Deea n't wunner thoo 'at t' vinerubbel man 
 Sud be seea feearful ov hiz treead an' clan ; 
 If better leet wa spreead owwer Ian' an' sea, 
 Oor heeam-bun slaves '11 seeak fer liberty. 
 Tha '11 fiimd ther 'z neean seea fit te show the way 
 Az thooaz 'at woaks therein beeath neet an' day. 
 But God Hizsel' hez teean the thing i' hand, 
 An' Bahbel meetins yit '11 bliss the land. 
 Oor God '11 rahz up men ov nowbel sowl, 
 An' He the sleepy chetches will controwl ; 
 
64 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Will send Hiz sahvants, wheea His judgments knaw, 
 Te thunner oot the terrors ov Hiz law ; 
 Whahl Jesus will Hiz meeghty ame mak bare, 
 An' tak the flocks Hizsel' intiv Hiz care. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Sike laws amang oor heegh-up chaps exist 
 Az layberin' men finnd hard fer te resist. 
 0' t' Sabbath days tha rob beeath God an' man, 
 That scrahb ma preeav this statement fause 'at can. 
 All hans mun hurrey seean az tha heer t' bell, 
 Tit steepel-hooz, lit t' precast be what he will ; 
 An* thooaz 'at iz n't settisfied wi' t' kirk, 
 Mun owder quit ther fahm er loss ther wark. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Thooaz laws mitch differ fra tha laws ov Heeaven, 
 Fra God te man fer hooally parpos given ; 
 Peeace te promooat, an' poot an' end te strife, 
 Te regilate hiz hooshod an' hiz life. 
 Iv hooally days, afooar the chetches fell, 
 Neea music soonded lahk the sabbath bell. 
 The ministers wer thowtful, hooally men, 
 Ner threeats wer needed, ner kumpulshin then. 
 
 BOB. 
 
 Yan wad be fain sike days ageean te see, 
 
 An' hear fooaks sing wi' luv an' melody, 
 
 Az yan hez read i' beeaks ov hooally men, 
 
 'At nowder kared fer fire ner lion's den ; 
 
 Bud dreeaded sin wi' all itz scorpion stings, 
 
 Mair ner the wrawth ov heeathen preeasts an' kings. 
 
 All wheea te God i' meek submisshin boo, 
 
 Thoff t' rooad be dark, He '11 awluz bring 'em throo. 
 
 JOHN. 
 
 Jist wait a whahl, tell Tahm revarse the scene, 
 An' Anti-Christ hez hed hiz pumpos reean ; 
 When Parsekushin, wiv her tooach an' fark, 
 Sets carnal men an' ministers te wark, 
 Te help the Beeast te mak hiz proselites, 
 Te purge hiz fleear, an' bon the hypocrites, 
 Then thooaz wheea live an' hev the trewth maintain'd, 
 I' clearer leet '11 hev the thing egsplain'd. 
 
WESLEYANISM AT EEASBY, 
 
 i' STOWSLA SIEKIT. 
 
 THA 'RE wakken'd at Eeasby ! the Lord iz amang 'em, 
 Thoff tonn'd oot o' t' temple 'at youst te belang 'em ; 
 Annudder we howp afooar lang '11 be beelt, 
 Whoor sinners thruff Christ ma hev pardin fer guilt. 
 T' Lord seeams te oppen a way oot afooar 'em, 
 Thoff nighberin' lions hev aim'd te devoor 'em, 
 When t' awd maister mariner failt at the helm, 
 Tha thowt it wad all the consarn owwerwhelm ; 
 An' when tha appear'd ov all succour bereft, 
 Tha endeeavour'd te freeten t' few 'at wer left. 
 Bud the Lord wer detarmin'd te be ther proteckshin, 
 Te send 'em suppooat, an' gi'e 'em dereckshin ; 
 If nobbut, like monney, tha wad n't betray Him, 
 Bud stick te that text, beeath te luv an' obey Him. 
 
 Tha can't be content wi' ther steeple opinions, 
 Bud tha mun mak inrooads on udder's dominions ; 
 Thoff theer's be i' gen'ral the fat an' the wilthy, 
 Fer t' want o' gud physic, tha seldom ar hilthy. 
 Hoo strange 'at tha sud sike fair temples erect, 
 Te modder the sowls in ther swooan te protect ! 
 Bud strangher tha '11 finnd it o' you sahd the fleead, 
 Wi' ther hands an' ther garmints all stain'd i'ther bleead. 
 We need n't te wunder tha mak sike a fuss, 
 Ther craft is i' danger fra rebels like uz : 
 Fer God can mak preeachers hoo fearful the thowt 
 Fra cobblers, er meeasons, er blacksmiths, er owt ! 
 yis ! Doctor Pusey ma whet hiz awd grunders, 
 An' put on hiz captivz ther fetters an' blinnders ; 
 Ther 'z pooher men iv Eeasby 'at ken hiz awd sang, 
 An' see the defect ov beeath him an' hiz gang. 
 He may scare 'em wi' taxes, wi' rates, an' oppresshin, 
 All thooaz wheea 're oot o' the lahn o' Successhin ; 
 Thoff te preeav he 'z in 't, he 'z a varry poor chance, 
 Unless he gans owwer te t' Romans at yance. 
 
56 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Then t' Romans wad help him, an' think it all reet, 
 Te modder Dissenters, an' poot oot ther leet ; 
 Te cut 'em i' pieces, te butcher an' bon 'em, 
 Bud tell that iz the keeas, tha can't owwerton 'em. 
 Ner Stowsla, ner Yatton, ther frinnds will invite, 
 Ner Skelton, ner Brotton, ther effots unite ; 
 Tha '11 finnd, te ther mottificashin an' pain, 
 Tha hev fowt wi' t' winnd, an' hev layber'd i' vain. 
 
 POPEEY. 
 
 POPERY iz what it waz, an' iz lahkly te be ! 
 
 We 've hed a few sarnpels on 't owwer t' sea : 
 
 That when 'i ther pooher, on a sudden tha '11 tak ya, 
 
 An' if ya deea n't render submisshin, tha '11 mak ya. 
 
 Then, Prodistans, what will ya think o' yer suns, 
 
 Te see 'em be Friars, yer dowters all Nuns ? 
 
 When the Pope ligs hiz han' on t' chetch an' t' peepel, 
 
 Wiv lahtel steean crosses neegh ivvery steepel, 
 
 I' vain will the sleepers then seeak fer redress, 
 
 The meeghty invenshin iz seear o' success. 
 
 When yance Parsekushin leets up her awd smiddy, 
 
 (Fer monny ar better hawf Roman awlriddy) 
 
 Tha 11 darken ther dayleet 'at thus kondesends, 
 
 An' bon all ther Bahbels, te mak 'em amends ! 
 
 It hez bin diskuvver'd, but offens owwer leeat, 
 
 An enimy's kisses ar full o' desait. 
 
 Then, warrihers, be wakken ! ther'z thoosans asleep ; 
 
 T' awd enimy iz soobtel, an' numeres, an' deep. 
 
 Then pray mitch, an' think mitch, yer Bahbels attind, 
 
 Whilk, next tiv itz Awthor, will preeav yer best frinnd. 
 
 An' dinnot be freeten'd ! yer Maister iz strang ! 
 
 Jist deea az He bids ya, an' ya '11 nut git far wrang : 
 
 A bowshot ma leet iv the harness atweean, 
 
 If He guide the arrow Jehovah Ah meean. 
 
T' RACE COOAES I' RUINS. 
 
 THOWTS GETHER'D ON T' SPOT. 
 
 NEEGH fotty years hev wing'd ther fleet, 
 
 Sahn heer we met wi' fond delect, 
 
 When days wer fahn, an' hilth shooan breet, 
 
 Te see the race, 
 An' fondly fancied all wer reet, 
 
 An' neea disgrace ! 
 
 All ages frev the countree roond 
 
 Wer iv that livin' sahkel fund, 
 
 Az seean az tha hed heeard the soond 
 
 Seea fain te see 
 T' stall o' spice spred upon t' grund, 
 
 An' Rev a spree. 
 
 Awd Memmy, on her profits bent, 
 Her barrils an' her bottles sent, 
 An' lusty men ther sarvice lent, 
 
 An' maidens fair, 
 Te fix her steeaks an' pitch her tent, 
 
 Er waiters theer. 
 
 Seean manners vulgar an' refahn'd, 
 Was i' yah hummel-jummel join'd, 
 An' sum wheea seeam'd az brudders kahnd, 
 
 Afooar 't wer neet 
 Waz wiv her awd Jameeaca lahn'd, 
 
 An' stript te feeght. 
 
 Ther winnin' post waz rahzed up, 
 An' t' ginnees inte t' pot wer poot ; 
 (T' races wer beeath fer hoss an' feeat) 
 
 beea prood that day, 
 We seean beheld the champions strut 
 
 An' clear ther way. 
 
 Ah saw fer yan, an' saw weel pleeast, 
 The tumult an' the crood increeast, 
 
58 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 Whahl eeach the eeager moment seeazt, 
 
 Te hev ther fill ; 
 An' few wer wiv the questen teeazt, 
 
 " Waz 't gud er ill ? " 
 
 Then men gav uz te drink ther yall 
 Tha sad 't wad mak oor hair te coll, 
 An' help uz Fotton's wheel te whohl, 
 
 An' win a prahze ; 
 Bud sahn, we fund tha yan an' all 
 
 Hed telt us lees ! 
 
 Awd men wer theer, wi' nuts an' spice, 
 An' wimmen fierce wi' box an' dice, 
 An' udder gams ov heegher price : 
 
 'T waz all ther cry, 
 Cum, lads an' lasses, deea n't be nice ! 
 
 Cum, toss er buy ! 
 
 Fra Eunsick tha hed cum, an' Steers, 
 Wi' apples, orringes, an' peehers, 
 Wi' crabs an' lobsters i' ther geers, 
 
 Fresh oot o' t' seas ; 
 An' buyers buzz'd aboot ther ears, 
 
 Lahk swarms o' bees. 
 
 The swains wer trimm'd up i' ther best, 
 The maidens sum i' white wer drisst, 
 W' silken sashes roond the weeast, 
 
 Seea meeghty fahn, 
 That sum wer led beyond the test 
 
 Ov prudence lahn. 
 
 Heer gowld leeact hats an' silver cups 
 Hev glittert upon t' lang powl tops, 
 Whilk sarvt fer winndin' stops, an' props 
 
 Te hod up t' riggin' ; 
 Whahl onderneeath ther smeeaky props 
 
 The lads wer swiggin'. 
 
 Heer hez the jockey crackt hiz whip, 
 Callt fer hiz grog, an' gi'en 'em t' slip, 
 Just teean 'em in az nice az nip, 
 > Be sleeght ov hand, 
 
 Then callt hiz hoss a base awd rip, 
 'At wad n't stand ! 
 
 Awd Memmy, wiv her B 's an' G 's, 
 Appeart az queen amang the bees, 
 
T' RACE COOAKS I* RUINS. 59 
 
 Yit hed te mahnd her Q 's an' P 's, 
 
 Te keepjall reet, 
 Te call the yungsters be degrees 
 Te t' dance at neet. 
 
 Whahl tipsy luvers went off linkt, 
 Iv her awd pooch ther money chinkt ; 
 Sheea tiv her tristy sarvant winkt, 
 
 Seea full o' glee ; 
 Then on the modist maiden blinkt 
 
 Wi' t' udder e'e. 
 
 Prood sat sheea on her lahtel hill, 
 
 The bumper er the glass te fill, 
 
 An' poot the yungsters thruff the drill 
 
 Ov dice er kade ; 
 Her fahn-formt limbs hev lang ligg'd still 
 
 I' yon chetchyade ! 
 
 Her coffin tire hez geean te rust, 
 
 T' yance livin' form hez tonn'd te dust ; 
 
 Seea if the warld bahd, we seean must 
 
 All lig beneeath, 
 An' wait wer fahnal sentence just 
 
 Ov life er deeath. 
 
 Bud few frev sike a pleeace er state 
 
 Wad lahk te share poor H son's fate, 
 
 Er hev ther doonfall thus te date 
 
 Amang the deead, 
 Afooar he reacht hiz pastur gate 
 
 Hiz sperrit fleead. 
 
 That crood, alas ! whare ar tha noo ? 
 Sum lahk the gess hev hed te boo, 
 The lygh o' Deeath hez ligg'd 'em law ; 
 
 Tha 've hed ther day ; 
 Udders, wheea hev iskeeapt his blaw, 
 
 Ar growin' gray. 
 
 Heer solitude an' sahlance reign, 
 An' t' ling graws lang upon the plain, 
 Then scampert be beeath nymph an' swain, 
 
 The spooats te see : 
 Sum furlooan sandy heeaps remain 
 
 Whare t' youzt te be ! 
 All ages, sexes, heegh an' law, 
 That crood hez meltit off lahk snaw ; 
 
60 DIALECT POEMS. 
 
 An' sum, alas ! f er owt we knaw, 
 'At then steead viewin', 
 
 Fra sike things, iv etarnal woe, 
 Ma trace ther ruin ! 
 
 Sum few hev meead attempts ov leeat 
 
 The former days te imitate, 
 
 An' rahz thersels te heegher state 
 
 Wi' warldly ointment ; 
 Bud better leet hez markt ther fate 
 
 Wi' disappointment. 
 
 Thooaz few remarks deea show uz clear 
 The quick decay ov all things heer, 
 An' speeak lood wods i' ivvery ear 
 
 Ov meanin' vast, 
 Sike nobbut az obtain God's fear 
 
 Ther joy shall last. 
 
 Heer ma we larn a lesson greeat, 
 The wahz an' gud te immitate, 
 Be udder's folly shun ther fate, 
 
 An' count the cost, 
 Leeast we repent when it 'z owwer leeat, 
 
 An' all iz lost. 
 
 Fer Jesus offers noo Hiz grace 
 Te all oor wretched hewman race, 
 Te better ther depraved keeas, 
 
 An' liv te Him, 
 Te breeten up eeach gloomy feeace, 
 
 An' vision dim. 
 
 Hiz sperrit will Hiz leet affod 
 Te show the majesty ov God, 
 An' t' rooad be all Hiz sahvants trod, 
 
 An' marcy free, 
 
 Te all wheea sarch Hiz blissid wod, 
 An' wish te see. 
 
 Wheea torm ther ffeat intiv.Hiz ways, 
 The willin' soobjecks ov Hiz grace, 
 When tha hev run ther Christian race, 
 
 Wiv Him sail be, 
 Secure wivin Hiz hooally pleeace 
 
 Hiz glooary see. 
 
 He calls Hiz weary wand'rers heeam, 
 An' censhers thooase wheea winnot cum, 
 
T RACE COOAES I KUINS. 
 
 61 
 
 An' threeatens wiv a fearsome doom 
 
 All wheea rebel, 
 That sike mun feel the wrath te cum 
 
 An' fire ov Hell ! 
 
 Ma we ferseeak oor wickid deeds, 
 
 An' melt whahl still Hiz marcy pleeads, 
 
 Giv up all fause an' fermal creeds 
 
 Hiz wod condemns, 
 Be fund, when He te judge uz cums, 
 
 Arnang Hiz gems ! 
 
 Tailpiece Ijy Bewick. 
 
GLOSSARY. 
 
 (Abridged from " The People's History of Cleveland and its 
 Vicinage" by GEORGE MARKHAM TWEDDELL, now publish- 
 ing in 32 parts at 6d. each, or by Bookpost Id., supplied to 
 Subscribers only.} 
 
 Aboon, above ; common in the old English and Scottish ballads, 
 and too fine a word to be allowed to die out. Aboot, or abowt, 
 about. Abuv, above ; a more modern word in the Dialect than 
 aboon. Ackshins, actions. Afeeat, afoot, on foot. Affod, afford. 
 Afooar, before ; in its more polished form, afore, commonly 
 used by the Elizabethan writers ; Ben Jonson, for instance, 
 was partial to it. Afooar 't, before it. Afooar t', before the. 
 Ageean, again, or against. Ah, I. Ah 'd, I had. Ah 'II, I will. 
 Ah 'm, I am. Ah s', I shall. Ah 've, I have. Ah 'z, I am. 
 Ahzaak, Isaac. Aimies, armies. Al, or 'II, will. Alang, along. 
 Aleean, and alooan, alone. Allood, allowed. All t', all the. 
 Althoff, although. Amang, among, and amongst ; Chaucer's 
 emang and omang. Ame, arm. Ameeaz'd and ameeazt, amazed. 
 Amoont, amount. An', and. An 'z, and is, or and have. An 
 is often used unnecessarily in the Dialect; as, for instance, 
 "sike an a leeak oot," for such a look out. Angils, angels. 
 An' ', and it. An' t', and the. An 1 't 's, and it is. Aneeaf, 
 enough. Aneeath, beneath. Annudder, or annuther, another. 
 Annudder's, or annuther's, belonging to another. Anser, answer. 
 Anserd, answered. Anser s, answers. Appeart, appeared. Ap- 
 preav, or appruv, approve ; the latter being rather a provincial 
 pronunciation than true Dialect. Appreav'd, or apprutfd, ap- 
 proved. Appreaves, approves. Ar, are. Areet, aright. Argi- 
 ment, argument. Aroond, around, round about, encircling. 
 Arrahves, arrives. 'At, that. 'At 'z, that is, that are, or that 
 have. Attimps, attempts. Attindid, attended. Attrackshin, 
 attraction. Awd, old. Awn, own : Tyndale, in both his trans- 
 lations of the New Testament (1525-6 and 1534) uses the word. 
 Awkard, awkward, clumsy, unfavourable, unaccommodating. 
 Awlriddy, already. Awlus, always. Atween, between. Awthor, 
 author. Ax, ask. Ax'd, or axt, asked : thus Tyndale uses the 
 
GLOSSARY. 03 
 
 word axed for asked in both editions of his translation of the 
 New Testament. Axin, asking ; particularly applied to axing 
 tit chetch; or "asking to the cKurch,"^that is, publishing the 
 banns of matrimony. Thus I have known a man go to the late 
 Mr. Cole, who for thirty-four years was the respected parish 
 clerk of Stoke sley, and say to him : " Ah, say, Mister Kooal, 
 Ah want f axins put oop atween me an' a yung wumman." Az, 
 as. Ay, yes. 
 
 Bahbel, Bible. Bahbels, Bibles. Bahd, bide, remain, con- 
 tain oneself. Bain, or bairn, child ; oftener applied at birth to 
 a boy, but generally used for either sex. Bains, or bairns, 
 children of either sex. Baptahzd, baptized. Barrils, barrels. 
 Be, by ; thus in Tyndale's first edition of his New Testament 
 (1525-6) we have, " which is, as moche to saye be interpreta- 
 cion, as God with vs," altered in the second edition (1534) to, 
 " which is by interpret acion God with vs." Beck, brook, a 
 natural stream of water less than a river. Beeaks, books. 
 Beeards, beards. Beeast, beast. Beeath, both. Beeats, beats. 
 Beeld, build. Beeldirf, building. Beelt, built. Beer, bear. 
 Beers, bears. Beez, bees. Beezom, and bizzom, a broom. Be- 
 hint, behind. Behowld, behold. Beirf, being. Belang, belong. 
 Belangs, belongs. Bendid, bended. Besahdes, besides. Bin, 
 been. Binnd, bind. Blahth, blithe, joyous, gay, cheerful. 
 Blaky Rig, one of the North Yorkshire moors. Blankits, 
 blankets. BJaw, blow. Bleead, blood. Bleeam, blame. Blew, 
 blue, one of the seven primary colours. Blews, Blues, the 
 wearers of blue favours in the parliamentary election, so fool- 
 ishly chosen that blue is the conservative colour in one place, 
 and the liberal colour in the adjoining one. Blinkt, blinked, 
 gave a shy look. Blinnd, blind. Blinnders, blinders. Bliss, 
 bless. Blissid, blessed. Blist, blest. Bob, Robert. Bon, burn. 
 Bonnin\ burning. Boo, bow. Booan, or booarn, born, also borne. 
 Booastin\ boasting. Boon, going. Bowld, bold. Bowt, bought. 
 Brass, money. Breead, bread. Breeak, break. Breeath, 
 breath. Breeathe, breathe. Breeding breeding, training. Breet, 
 bright. Breeten, brighten. Bricklays, bricklayers. Brigg, 
 bridge. Brokken, broken. Broo, brow. Broiot, brought. 
 Brudder, brother. Brudders, brothers, brethren. Bud, but. 
 Bun, bound. 
 
 Callin, calling, shouting for, speaking ill of. Callt, called. 
 Can't, cahrft, and cannut, can not. Captivs, captives, slaves. 
 Carin', heeding. Carpirf, carping, captious, bad to please. 
 Carry in, carrying, conveying. Cash in, or cay shin, occasion, 
 opportunity, necessity. Cawmly, calmly, gently, quietly. Cawzt, 
 caused, occasioned. Cemhers, censures. Chaiye, or chayge, 
 
64 GLOSSABY. 
 
 oharge. Changing changing. Chap, man. Chapil, chapel, 
 meeting-house. Ckctss, chase, hunt. Ckassers, chasers, hunters. 
 Chassin\ chasing, hunting. Cheeak, cheek, Cheeans, chains. 
 Cheer, " What cheer ? " is the common mode of salutation, and 
 means, " How are you, and how are you getting on." Chetch, 
 church. Chetch-garth, or chetch-yade, church-yard. Childer, 
 children, the true Dialect word being bairns. Chimla, chimney. 
 Chinkt, chinked, the sound made by one coin hitting another. 
 Clark, the parish clerk. Clattered, rattled, made more noise 
 than usual. Cleean, clean, dim, climb. Clivver, or clevver, 
 clever, proper. C/ooas, or cleeas, clothes. Clooaser, closer. Cloods, 
 clouds. Coashin, caution. ColTd, Curled. Collidge-edicated, 
 educated at college. Com, came. Condescending condescend- 
 ing, submitting to inferiors. Confoondid, confounded. Confu- 
 shin, confushin. Congregayshins, congregations. Conjecters, 
 conjectures, guesses. Conker d, conquered, overcome, subdued, 
 defeated. Consarn, concern. Consarnin', concerning. Conse- 
 crayshin, consecration, rather understood in the superstitious 
 sense of making holy by the priest than of setting apart for 
 sacred purposes. Controlled, contrived. Controwl, control. 
 Conversayshin, conversation. Oonvarshin, conversion. Cooaner, 
 corner. Cooars, course. Cooat, coat, also court. Coonsil, 
 council, counsel. Coonsilt, counselled, advised. Correcting 
 correcting, punishing, teaching aright. Cottidge, cottage. Crack, 
 conversation, chat, gossip, boast. Crackt, boasted, insane. 
 Creeakt, crooked. Creedit, credit. Critisahz, criticise. Crood, 
 crowd. Croodid, crowded. Crotshit, crotchet, a musical term 
 for " a note or character, equal in time to half a minim, and 
 the double of a quaver." Cuhbert, or Culbot, the cupboard, at 
 first a board or shelf for the cups, now applied to the closet m 
 which crockery ware and provisions are kept. Cud, could. 
 Ciiddent, or cud n't, could not. Cullers, colours, banners, flags. 
 Cultivayshin, cultivation. Curn, come, dims, comes. Cwnm'd, 
 coined, become. Cummin, coming. Cwnfots, comforts. Cum- 
 pelFd, compelled. Cumpleeand, complained. Cumpooaser t com- 
 posure. Cunnin 9 , cunning. Cuntrey, or cuntree, country. Curos, 
 or /euros, curious. Curruptin\ corrupting. Cut, a shorter road. 
 Cutting cutting. 
 
 Dad and daddy, childish words for father; but not more 
 childish than the pa and ma of full grown people, who ought to 
 be ashamed of eschewing the good old English words, " father " 
 and " mother." Daft, foolish, silly, stupid, unwise. Dag, dug. 
 Dahr, dare. Dampt, damped, cooled. Dancin', dancing, a 
 lively, healthy, and innocent recreation, which, although always 
 mentioned with approval in the Bible, modern fanatics denounce 
 
GLOSSARY. 65 
 
 as though it were a most damnable sin. Dayleet, daylight, clear 
 vision. Dazzelin', dazzling, overpowering by a strong light. 
 Deceeave, deceive, impose on. Dee, die; common in the old 
 ballads. Deea, do. Deead, dead. Deeadly, deadly, destruc- 
 tive. Deeal, dale. Deean, done. Deea n't, do not. Deeath, 
 death. Deed, died. Deer, dear. Deem', dying. Deleet, delight, 
 great pleasure. Deleet in', delightsome, delightful, very pleas- 
 ing. Delushin, or delewshin, delusion, deception. Delivver, 
 deliver, set free. Dereckshins, directions. Desait, dissait, and 
 diseeat, deceit, deception, hypocrisy. Dessot, desert; a wild, 
 barren, uncultivated, and uninhabited district. Destruckshin, 
 or distruckshin, destruction. Dei:, debt ; the true mode of pro- 
 nouncing the word, and why not of spelling it ? Detarmin'd, 
 determined. Devoor, devour, worry, eat up. Diddent, or 
 did n't, did not. Diffend, defend. Ding, knock. Dinnot, do 
 not, same as deea n't. Disahn'd, designed, delineated, intended 
 for. DiskuvveSd, discovered, found out. Dispahz, despise. 
 Dispair, despair, which ETA MAWR calls " the last, the worst 
 of errors ! " Disposhission, disposition. Divahn, divine. Diz, 
 does. Dizgahz, disguise. Dizmal, dismal, horrible. Dizzent, 
 or diz n't, does not. Doctrin, doctrine. Dooher, and dour, door. 
 Doon, down. Doonfall, downfall. Doonjins, dungeons. Doot, 
 doubt. Dowters, daughters. Dragon, a common name for a 
 cart horse, same as Farmer, Jolly, Captain. D?~ahv, drive. 
 Drayve, drove. Dreead, dread, great fear. Dreeaded, dreaded, 
 much feared. Dreeadful, full of dread, fearful. Dreeam, 
 dream. Driss, dress. Drisst, dressed. Duffil, duffel, which 
 NUTTALL defines as "a thick, coarse kind of wollen cloth, 
 having a thick nap or frieze ; " and which I take to be here 
 meant for the self-coloured yarn, formerly spun from the 
 wool of the mountain sheep in Cleveland, and wove into 
 cloth in the district, when domestic manufacturers were 
 more common, and luxury comparatively unknown, but 
 when industrious people found it less difficult to make a living 
 than their descendents do in this year of our Lord 1878. 
 Dyke, ditch. 
 
 Eddicated, educated. E'e, eye ; common in the old ballads, 
 which are not sufficiently read. Eeach, each. Eeager, eager. 
 Eeagil's, belonging to an eagle, Eeasby, Easby. Eeast, east. 
 Eeasy, easy. Eeat, eat. Een, and ees, eyes. Een 's, eyes are. 
 Eeghty, eighty. Effecks, or ijfecks, effects. Efter, after ; a 
 real old Scandinavian word, like many others in our Dialect. 
 Egzamples, examples. El, the same as '//, will. Eleckshins, 
 elections. 'Em, them ; the hem of Spencer, &c. Endeeavoured, 
 endeavoured. Enoo, before long, very soon. Er, or. Erectit, 
 
 
 
66 GLOSSARY. 
 
 erected. Etarnal, eternal. Exhooatashin, exhortation. Ex- 
 pooas, expose. Ey, ay, yes. 
 
 Fadder, fayder, or fdyther, father. Fahm, farm. Fahiner, 
 farmer, also belonging to afahmer. Fahiner s, farmers. Fahn, 
 fine. Fahnly, finely. Fahnal, final. Fahve, five. Failt, failed. 
 Famus, famous, celebrated. Fund, found ; Chaucer's fande. 
 Farder, further. Fareiveel, farewell. Far'k, and fohrk, fork. 
 Fashans, fashions. Fashind, fashioned. Fame, false, deceit- 
 ful, untrue. Fearsome, fearful, frightful. Feeace, face. Feead, 
 fed. Feeam, fame. Feeands, fiends, personifications of evil 
 passions. Feeat, foot, feet, also feat. Feeater, feature. Fced'uf, 
 feeding. Feeaht, fight. Feeghtin\ fighting. Feeldz, fields. 
 Fella, fellow, man; Cb&ncejfsfellaw; the felay and feloy of the 
 old ballads. Fellaz, fellows, men. Felt, hide, conceal, keep 
 secret ; also hid, &c. Fer, for. Ferlridden, forbidden. Fergat, 
 forgot. Ferc/een, or fergCen^ forgiven. Fergetten, forgotten. 
 Fermul, formal, ceremonious. Ferseeak, forsake. Finnd, find. 
 Finndti, finds. F/apt, flapped. Flay'd, afraid, frightened. 
 Flee, fly. Fleead, fled, also flood. Fleeads, floods. Fleear, 
 floor. Fleeiri, flying. Fleeas, flies. Fleetin', fleeting, passing 
 quickly Floor, flour ; also flower. Floors, flowers. Florrish, 
 flourish, blossom, thrive. Fodder, further ; also food for cattle, 
 and giving cattle their food. Fooak, and fooaks, folks, people. 
 Fooarfaythers, forefathers. Fooas, foes. Fooast, forced. For- 
 f/een, or f ore/ten, forgiven. Formt, formed. Forrists, forests. 
 Fostj first. Fost-rate 9 first-rate. Fotton's, fortune's. Fotty, 
 forty. Foimdashin, foundation. Fowt, fought. Foivwer, four. 
 Fra, as in Chaucer, and frae, as in the old ballads, are both 
 commonly used in the Cleveland district for "from," as is also 
 the Dialect word frev. Freeat, fret, mourn. Freeatm' 1 , fret- 
 ting, mourning. Freeten, frighten. Freetend, frightened. 
 Freyiri, frying. Frinnd, friend. Frinnds, friends. Frinndly, 
 friendly. Frinndshxp, friendship. Froon, frown. Frozzen, 
 frozen. Fund, found. Flint, font. Furlooan, forlorn. Fur- 
 o.s/y, furiously. Ftitur, future. 
 
 Gohd'posts, guide-posts ; posts which ought to be erected at 
 the forks of every road to direct travellers the way, but for the 
 want of a broken one being repaired, between Yearsley and 
 Easingwold, Castillo lost his way, and was glad to shelter all 
 night in a cow-shed, 
 
 " And there on strawy pavement try to sleep ; 
 Or, like a thief, to watch the morning light, 
 And keep himself conceal'd from human sight ; 
 Then snugly slip away." See his Local Poems. 
 
GLOSSARY. 67 
 
 Gakin\ or gannin, going. Gains, distance saved in travelling 
 by taking a shorter road than ordinary. Gullets, gallows : gal- 
 lasses is also a Dialect word for the braces worn by men to keep 
 up their trousers. Gam, game. Gammelin*, gambling. Gams, 
 games. Gan, go : the gang of the old ballads, which Castillo 
 also occasionally uses. Gannin 9 , going. Gans, goes. Gardin, 
 garden. Garman, German. Garmints, garments, clothing. 
 Gat, got. Gav, gave. Gear, or geer. worldly goods, furniture, 
 raiment ; used by Spenser, Shakspere, the old ballad writers, 
 &c. Geean, gone : the gane of the old ballads. Geean'd, 
 gained, won, saved, arrived at. Geeans, gains. Geeapirf, gap- 
 ing. Geen, or gi'en, given. Geeorge, George. Geers, traces, 
 or straps used in yoking horses. General, general. Gentilmen, 
 gentlemen ; in this district, as elsewhere, generally mis-applied 
 to any rich man. Gess, grass. Gether'd, or gedder'd, gathered. 
 Getten, got. Gfes, or yiz, gives. Ginnees, guineas ; English 
 gold coins, so called from being at first coined from gold brought 
 from the coast of Guinea, in Africa, in 1673, and which for 
 several years rose to be of thirty shillings value, but from 1717 
 to 1817, when the issue of sovereigns caused them to cease to 
 circulate, were fixed by parliament at their original value, 
 twenty-one shillings. Git, get, obtain, procure, arrive. Gits, 
 gets. Giv, give. Bivin*, giving. Glaisdiil, Glaisdale. Gleeam'd, 
 gleamed. Glittert, glittered. Glooary, glory. Glooaryas, 
 or gloryaz, glorious. Glowin, glowing. Goa, or gooa, go. 
 Goadland, Goadland, or Goathland, in Pickering-Lythe. 
 Goons, gowns. Gowld, gold. Grraith, condition. Graw, or 
 f/j-owh, grow. Graivz, or growfiz, grows. Greeat, and grit, 
 great. Greetin 1 , fretting, mourning, making lamentation. Grog 
 (defined in English dictionaries as "'a mixture of spirit and 
 water not sweetened,") is in Cleveland applied to any spirit 
 mixed with hot water and sugar, but originally meant that of 
 rum only. Groops, groups. Grooz. grouse, the heath-cock, or 
 moor game. Growhin 1 , growing. Grund, ground. Grunders, 
 grinders, the molar teeth. Gnd, good. Gud-likc, good-looking. 
 Ha\ ha'e, and hev, have. Hahm, liam. flahv, hive. Hail- 
 steeans, hailstones. Hale, come from. Han, hand. Hans, 
 hands. Happent, happened. Happrons, aprons. Hrdin\ 
 harden. Harness, armour, as in Spenser, Shakspere, Dryden, 
 &c. Har n't, are not. Ilarpin, harping, playing too much on 
 one string. Hart, and hairt, heart, aartoft, a hamlet between 
 llosedale Abbey and Pickering. Ifarvist's, harvest is. Hawf, 
 half. Hed, had. He 'd, he had. Ifeead, head. Ilcoil'd, 
 healed. Heeain, and yam, home. Heeam-lmrf, home-bound, 
 tied to home. Heeaps, heaps. Heeard, or heard, heard, listened 
 
68 GLOSSARY. 
 
 to. Heeards, herds. Heearth, hearth. Heeathen, heathen, 
 pagan. Heeaven, heaven. Heegh, high. Heegher, higher. 
 Heegh-Jleein' , high-flying, hard-riding. Heegh up, high up. 
 Heer, and heher, here. He 'II, he will. Helping helping, aid- 
 ing, assisting. Hennet, ha'e n't, hevvent, and hev n't, have not. 
 Here-efter, hereafter. Hevvy, heavy. Ilez, has. He 'z, he 
 has, he is. Hez n't, has not. Hilth, health. Hilthy, healthy. 
 Jfing, hang. Hinys, hangs. Hiz, his. Hiz sel', or kissel', him- 
 self. Hod, hold. Hods, holds. Hommidge, homage. Honnor, 
 honour. Honnorulbel, lionourable Hoo, how. Hooally, holy, 
 sacred, religious. Hooar, hoar. Hooary, hoary. Hoos, house. 
 Hooshod, household. liospitubbel, hospitable. floss, horse. 
 Hosses, horses. Howivver, howevver. Howp, hope. Howp'd, 
 hoped. Ifowsin, or Jwosin', household. Hummel- jummel, jum- 
 bled together, a motley mixture. Hurrey, hurry. 
 
 1', in. Idees, ideas. If't t if it. Iff, if tlie. Impedence, 
 impudence. Implooarin, imploaring, beseeching. Inchantit, 
 enchanted. Jnclahn'd, inclined. Increeast, increased, multi- 
 })lied. Indignayshin, indignation. Inkorridged, encouraged. 
 Inglan's, or Inylins, England's. Inrooads, inroads. Inscrip- 
 x/iin, inscription, fnxinewashins, insinuations. In't, in it. Int', 
 in the. Jnte, or mttv, into. Invensldn, invention. /*, often 
 used for are. Iskeeapt, escaped. Itchin', itching, longing for 
 something novel. It 'II, it will. Itz, its. It 'z, it is. It 'z t', 
 it is the. Iv, in. Ivver, or ivvor, ever. Ivvery, every. Ivver- 
 iastm, everlasting. 
 
 Jamaica, rum, so called from the island from which it is im- 
 ported. Jesters, gestures. Jim, James. Jigs, tricks, pranks, 
 Jist, just. Joe, and Jooasujf, Joseph. Jooavil, jovial. Judi- 
 N/ms, judicious. Judging being judged, fair trial. Jumping 
 jumping, leaping. Jvrisdiclcshin, jurisdiction. 
 
 Kade, card. Kaff\ chaff. Kahnd, kind, affectionate, sort. 
 Kolnids, kinds, sorts, varieties. Kahndness, kindness. Kaivd, 
 cold. Keean, keen. Keeas, or keease, case. Ken, know. 
 Kessenmas, Kessamas, or Kessmas, Christmas ; the ancient Yule- 
 tide. Kest, cast. Kilt, killed. Kirk, church. Knaw, know. 
 Knaii'n, or fawoan, known, ascertained. Knaws, knows. Koase, 
 or krtws, cause, occasion. Koffin', coughing. Kom, came. 
 Kooaljnts, coalpits. Kooan, corn. Koss, curse. Kud, could. 
 A'atH/Htlfshiii, compulsion. Kuros, curious. Ky, or kye, cows. 
 Ki/g/tsteean, keystone, the middle stone of an arch. 
 
 Laber'd, laboured. Laddie, boy, one keen of anything. Lajf, 
 laugh. Laffin', laughing. Laffs, laughs. Lafft, laughed. 
 Lu.fic.r, laughter. Lahk, like. Lahkly, or laliklee, likely. 
 Lahn, line. Lalm'd, lined. Lahtle, or lahteell, little. Lan\ 
 
GLOSSARY. 69 
 
 land. Lany, long. Lany'd, longed. Lanyesl, or A/M///.S-/, 
 longest. Laugher, longer. Lanyin\ longing. Languish, or 
 lanywish, language. Laniards, landlords. Lap, wrap, enfold ; 
 as in Spenser, Shakspere, Milton, Dryden, &c. Lam, learn. 
 Larnin\ learning. Lasting lasting, enduring, continuing. Lay- 
 ber'd, laboured. Layberin\ labouring. Lee, lie, falsehood, 
 also to tell a lie. Leeact, laced. Leead, lead. Leeads, leads. 
 Leeaf, leaf. Leeak, look. Leeaks, looks. Leeakt, looked. 
 Leealholm, Lealholm Bridge, where Castillo resided, formerly 
 a chapelry in the parish of Danby, now a separate parisli. 
 Leeam, lame. Levant* d, lamed. Leeap, leap, jump. Leeast, 
 least. Leeat, late. Leeatly, lately. Leeav, or heave, leave. 
 Lejins, legions. Lens, lends. Leet, light ; Chaucer's leite : 
 thus, for instance, he has thunder -leite for lightning. Leets, 
 lights. Liy, lie, lay. Ligg'd, laid. Ligs, lays. Lim, limb. 
 Ling, heather ; principally applied to the Cal/una vulyaris. 
 Linkt, linked, arm-in-arm. Lit, let, also lighted. Liv, live. 
 Living living. Looa, or law, low. Looashin, lotion. Load, 
 loud. Loss, lose. Lowse, loose. Lugs, ears. Lunnon, London. 
 Luv, love. Luv'd, loved, beloved. Luvers, lovers. Lyyh, 
 scythe. 
 
 Ma (pronoiinced short), me ; also a common abbreviation of 
 may. Mah, my. Mahl, mile, also used for miles. Mahn, 
 mine, my own. Mahnd, mind. Mair, more, as in the old bal- 
 lads. Maister, the old form of master, common in Chaucer, 
 &c. Mak, make. Males, makes. Makkin 1 , or wackiu', making. 
 Mafias, malice. Manhud, manhood. MankaJmd, mankind. 
 Marcy, or marsy, mercy. Markit, market, also to bargain. 
 Markit-pleeave, market-place. Markt, marked. Mar raw, 
 marrow, pith. Mat, and Matty, Matthew. Me, my. Mebby, 
 may be, perhaps, perchance. Meditashin, or meditayshin, medi- 
 tation, deep thought, contemplation. Meead, made. Meean, 
 mean, also applied to the moon. Meeanin 1 , meaning. Meeason, 
 mason. Meeasons, masons. Meeastly, mostly. Meeat, meat, 
 food, but especially applied to flesh from the butcher. Meeght, 
 or meet, might, power. Meeght y, mighty, powerful. Meetins, 
 meetings, especially gatherings for worship. Me/la, mellow ; 
 not drunk, but mellowed down with intoxicating drinks, what 
 BURNS terms " nae that fou, but just a drappie in our e'e." 
 Me/tit, melted, dissolved. Mendid, mended, repaired. Mesel\ 
 and me-serf, myself. Methody, or Mettardy, Methodist, Wes- 
 leyan. Methoays, or Mettodys, Methodists, followers of John 
 Wesley. Misfotten's, misfortune's. Missin\ missing. J//x- 
 teean, mistaken. Mitch, much ; Chaucer's wyr/ie. Mixing 
 mixing. Madder, murder. Modist, or inoddist, modest. 
 
70 GLOSSARY. 
 
 mourn, also men. Monmn*, mourning. Manny, many. Mon- 
 ney, or munney, money. Mooant, must not. Moours, moors, 
 hills covered with ling. Mooat, mote, also moat. Moont, 
 mount. Moonted, or moontid, mounted. Moont in\ mounting, 
 ascending, climbing ; also the local pronunciation of mountain. 
 Mottifacashin, or mottifacayshin, mortification. Mowldcd. 
 moulded. Mud, might. Mudder, or mudker, mother. Mudder H 
 or miidhersj mothers. Mini, must, as in the old ballads, where 
 it also appears as maun. Mutuwal, mutual. Muv, move. 
 
 Narrate, or narra, narrow. Narves, nerves. Nashin, or 
 nayshin, nation. Natches, notches, nicks. Neen, or neeah, 
 no. Neeam, name. Neean, none ; the nane of tlie old ballads : 
 it is also used for noon. Need n't, need not. Neeyh, nigh. 
 Neen, nine. Neet, or neeght, night. Neels, nights, ffer, nor, 
 also sometimes used for than. Niqhbers, neighbours. Niyh- 
 berhud, neighbourhood. Nighberiri', neighbouring. Nimmel, 
 nimble. Nivver, never. Nobbut, only. Noo, now. Nooatis, 
 or nooatice, notice. Nor-eeast, North-east, the winds from 
 which are very keen on the Cleveland coast. Nowble, or now- 
 be/, noble. Nowder, or nowther, neither ; Chaucer's nonther. 
 Nowt, nothing ; the nout and nocht of the old ballads. Numeres. 
 numerous, in great numbers. Nut, not. 
 
 ()\ used as 'a contraction both for of and on. Offen, and 
 offens, often, oft-times. Ommesf, almost. On, sometimes used 
 for of. Onder, under. Onderneeath, underneath. Ondersteead, 
 understood. Onny, any ; the ony of the old ballads. Ooo.dcr. 
 order. Ooashin, ocean. Oop, up. Oor, our. Oors, ours. 
 Got, out. Oppen, open. Oppen'd, opened. Opposishin, or 
 opposisshin, opposition. Oppresshin, oppression. Ootweyh, or 
 ootweygh, outweigh. Ordinayshin, ordination. Orringe, orange. 
 Orrinyes, or orringiz, oranges. Ov, of. Owt, anything. Ow- 
 ther, or owdcr, either ; Chaucer's outlier. Ower, or oineer, 
 over ; the ower and owre of the old ballads. Owwerwhelm, 
 overwhelm. Owwerton, overturn. Oicicerthraic, overthro-vv. 
 Owwerthrew, overthrew. 
 
 I'dhxon, parson, clergyman. Palisons, parsons, clergymen. 
 Pahson's, belonging to the clergy. Pait, part. Pdited* or 
 paitid, parted. Par din, pardon. Parley ment, parliament. 
 Parpos, purpose. Parsecutioit, persecution. Passidge, passage. 
 PantaJtm, pastime. Pastur, pasture; a field in grass where 
 cattle are fed, not a meadow, ^a distinction Dr. Watts has not 
 borne in mind, or he never would have written "Abroad in the 
 inrndows to see the young lambs." Pat, ready, off-hand, not to 
 seek when wanted. Patch, the name of a dog. PcttcKwark, 
 patchwork. Pecans, pains. Peehers, pears, favourite fruit with 
 
GLOSSARY. 71 
 
 the Greeks before Homer's time, and probably first introduced 
 into Cleveland by tbe Romans, though the monks were after- 
 wards our greatest horticulturists. 'Pe.epel, people. /W/W.v. 
 belonging to the people. Perreeav, perceive, discern. 7V/-- 
 nishous, pemishas, and pahnishas, pernicious, very injurious. 
 Persews, and par sew ts, pursues. Perswashin, or pcrsu'dyshin, 
 and parswaysten, persuasion. Pert end, and partend, pretend. 
 Petishin', petition. Petishim, petitions. Pickering Pickering. 
 Picking picking. Pilgram, pilgrim. Pittahs, pillars, also 
 pillows. Pipe, windpipe. Plain, common looking, ordinary. 
 PI aisters, the old English name for plasters. Pteeacc, place. 
 P/ceaces, places. Pleeacf, placed. Pleeads, pleads. P/eease, 
 or pleeaz, please. Pleeasin', pleasing. Pleaz'd, pleased. Plew, 
 plough. Plisher, or plizher, and pleeaz/ier, pleasure. P7/x.sry//, 
 or p/izent, ttad pleeazentj pleasant. Pockit, pocket. Political, 
 political. Pooatch, porch, also poach. Pooats, ports. Poob- 
 lick, public. Pooch, pouch. Pooe?-, poohcr, or pooiver, poor, 
 also power. Pool, pull. Poo/pit^ pulpit. Poot, put. Popt, 
 popped. Posativ, or fwssativ, positive. Poss, purse. Powf, 
 pole, also poll. Prahz, or prahze, prize. Prancing prancing. 
 Preeach, preach. Preeacher, preacher. Preeachers, preachers. 
 Preeaches, preeaches. Preeachin\ preaching. Preeafs, proofs. 
 Preear, prayer. Preeasfs, priests. Preeasthud, priesthood. 
 Preeav, or preev, prove. Prefndiz, prejudice. Prentis, appren- 
 tice. Presumpteous, presumptions. Preveeal, prevail. Prissenl 
 present. Pritty, pretty. Prizence, presence. Proceeding, or 
 prosseedins, proceedings. Procleeam, proclaim. Prodi-Man*, 
 Protestants. Profeean'd, profaned. Proffits, prophets. Prom- 
 tuifit, promised. Promooat, promote. Promooashin, or promo- 
 shin, promotion. Prooan, prone, inclined. Prood, proud. 
 Prophecee, or profficee, prophecy. Propper, proper, fit, correct. 
 Proppertee, property. Props, posts to support a tent, supports. 
 Profis, chat, talk, conversation. Prosperitee, or prossperitee, 
 prosperity. Prosselite, proselyte, a new convert. Pi'oteckshin, 
 protection ; some years ago fearfully misapplied to the bread- 
 tax, which the farmers of the district were so deluded into the 
 belief that it was necessary for the very existence of English 
 agriculture, that they refused to trade with the writer of this 
 Glossary because he had been able to penetrate the mental fog 
 in which he had been bred, and was publicly advocating what 
 proved to be their best interests. Provooak, provoke. Prnr. 
 prove ; rather a provincial pronunciation than anything else, 
 the true Dialect word being preeav. Pmnpos, pompous. 
 (lunhter, quarter. Qu.&tton, question. 
 Rude, rode. Rahd, ride, liahders, riders. llaJidin', riding. 
 
72 GLOSSARY. 
 
 Rahz, or rahze, rise, also raise. Raist, or raiz'd, rose, raised, 
 elevated. Rank, thick, numerous, near together ; also stink- 
 ing. Ranter, Primitive Methodist. Rap, curse, use bad 
 language. Raritee, uncommon sight, something unusual. Ray- 
 der, rather. RecJcont, reckoned, calculated, accounted. Re- 
 cooader, recorder. Reeaces, races. Reeach, reach. Reeacht, 
 reached. Reeadirf, reading. Readins, readings, things read. 
 Reeallie, and reeallee, really, truly. Reean, rein, reign, and 
 rain. Reeasty, rusty, hoarse. Reeazt, raised, elevated, lifted 
 up. Reet, right, also cartwright. Reeteousniss, righteousness. 
 Reetly, rightly, correctly. Refahn'd, refined. Regilate, regu- 
 late. Relidjous, religious. Remahnd, remind. Remeean'd, re- 
 mained. Repetashin, or repetayshin, reputation. Repooat, 
 report. Repreeaf, reproof. Repreeav, reprove, also reprieve. 
 Revarse, reverse. Reveeal, reveal. Revealt, revealed, made 
 known. Revil, or revvil, revel. Rew, rue. Rezooat, resort. 
 Rickollect, recollect, remember. Riddy, ready. Rig, ridge. 
 Riygle, or riggel, wriggle. Rigging the roof of the house : thus 
 BURNS, in the opening of his fine poem, " The Vision," des- 
 cribes himself seated by the ingle of his " auld clay biggin'," 
 and hearing " the restless rattons squeak about the riggirf" 
 Rigs, or riggs, pranks, also ridges. Rint, rent ; probably this 
 word may be a comparatively modern importation. Rispecks, 
 respects. Rist, rest. Riverence's, belonging to the clergyman. 
 Romans, Roman Catholics. Rooad, road. Rooam, room. 
 Rooamantic, romantic. Rooar, roar. Rooasdill, Rosedale. 
 Rooasy, rosy. Roond, round. Roozt, roused. Roivlin\ rolling. 
 Roivl'd, rolled. Ruff, rough. Ruint, ruined. Rulin\ ruling. 
 Rummellin\ rumbling. Running running. Runsick, Kunswick, 
 a beautiful bay on the Cleveland coast. 
 
 Sahd, side. Sahkel, circle. Sahlance, silence. Sahlent, 
 silent. Sahn, since ; Chaucer's syn. Sahn'd, signed. Sahser- 
 dooatal, sacerdotal, priestly. Sair, sore. Sal, or sail, shall, as 
 in Chaucer and the old ballads. Salvos/tin, or salvayshin, sal- 
 vation. Sampel, sample. Sumpels, samples. Sang, song, sung. 
 Sangshin, or sankshin, sanction. Sangshimi'd, or sankshimi'd, 
 sanctioned. Sarch, search. Sarcht," searched. Sarmon, or 
 sahmon, sermon. Sarpant, sahpent, and sarpint, serpent ; his 
 Satanic Majesty. Sarten, or sartin, certain. Sarvant, or sah- 
 vant, servant. Sarvants, or sahvants, servants. Sarves, or 
 sahves, serves. Sarvice, or sahvis, service. Sarvt, served. 
 Sattan, or Satton, the old English name of Saton ; the personi- 
 fication of evil. Sattan's, belonging to the devil. Savin 1 , the 
 true Dialect being seeaviri 1 , saving. Saw, sow, to scatter seed 
 for growth. Sawn, sown. Saxon, sexton. Saxon's, belonging 
 
GLOSSARY. 78 
 
 to the sexton. Scampert, scampered. Scar, scare, frighten. 
 Sceeals, or skeeals, scales. Scholard, or tchollard, scholar. 
 Scooan'd, scorned. Scra/ib, scribe. Scripter, scripture, Bible. 
 Sed, said. Seea, or seeak, so ; the sa and sae of the old ballads. 
 Seeacrit, secrit. Seeaf, safe. Seeak, seek, also sake. Seeal, 
 seal, also sale. Seectm, seem, appear, also seam. Seeams, 
 seems, appears, also seams. Seean, soon. Seectv, or seeave, 
 save, also sieve, and the rush (junters). Seeaven, seven. 
 Seeaz'd, and seeazt, seized. Seed, saw. Seeing seeing. Sel\ 
 self, as in the old ballads. Seer, and sewer, sure. Seerly, seer- 
 lie, and seweriie, surely. Seerous, or seeros, serious. Seet, sight. 
 Seez, sees. Self-devooashin, self-devotion. Sen, since, as in 
 Chaucer and the old ballads. Serprahz, and supprahz, surprise. 
 Settisfackshin, satisfaction. Settisfted, satisfied. Setting set- 
 ting. Sewin', sewing, pronounced as spelled, as all words ought 
 to be. Shahn, shine. Sham, shame. Shammed, shamed, as- 
 hamed, also acted the hypocrite. Shanks, legs. Shap, shape. 
 Sheea, she. Shivverin', shivering, trembling. Shockt, shocked. 
 Shooan, shone. Shooat, short. Shooders, shoulders. Sike, 
 such. Silversahd, silverside. Silvert, silvered. Simmibreeaves, 
 semibreves, notes in music, equal to two minims, to four crot- 
 chets, and to eight quavers. Sine/in 1 , singing. Sirlcalashin, or 
 Sirkalayshin, circulation. Sirkit, circuit. Skaihs, skies. 
 Skooars, scores. Sleeght, slight. Slipt, slipped. SmahPd, 
 smiled. Smahlin\ smiling. Smeeaky, smoky. Smiddy, smithy. 
 Snaw, snow. Snooarin', snoring. Sockit, socket. Soilt, soiled. 
 Sollem, solemn. Sooas, source. Sooat, sort. Soobjeck, sub- 
 ject. Soobjeck 's, subject is. Soobjecks, subjects. Soobscripshm, 
 subscriptson. Soobstance, substance. Soobtel, subtle, boond, 
 sound. Soonded, and soondid, sounded. Sorvqy, survey. 
 Soshalism, socialism, which Castillo, like many more, errone- 
 ously associates with heterodoxy in religion. Sov'rans, sove- 
 reigns, pounds sterling. Sowl, soul. Sowls, souls. Spak, 
 spoke, the old spake. Speeach, speech. Speeak, speak. Spents, 
 or sperrits, spirits. Sperrit 's, belonging to the soul. Spice, 
 gingerbread. Spinnd, spend. Spooat, sport, fun, merriment. 
 Spooats, sports. Spoor, spur. Spoort, spurred. Spoilt, spoiled. 
 Spreed, and spreead, spread. Staff', a walking stick, standing 
 up, like Awd Ahzaak's, " aboon hiz hand, t' awd fashin'd way." 
 Stan\ stand. Standart, standard. Stang, stung. Starving 
 starving, perishing for want of the necessaries of life. Steead, 
 stood. Steeaks, stakes. Steeal, steal, also stool. Steean, stone ; 
 the stean of Spenser, the stone and stean of the old ballads, &c. 
 Sfeeans, stones. Steepel-chass, steeple-chase, defined by NUT- 
 TALL as " a race between a number of horsemen, to see which 
 
74 GLOSSARY. 
 
 can first reach some distant object in a straight course," and 
 however objectionable, having no connection with the church, 
 as Castillo seems to have imagined. Steepel-hoos, " steeple- 
 house," the name applied to churches by George Fox, but not 
 a Cleveland expression. Steers, Staithes, a large and most 
 romantic fishing village on the Cleveland coast. Steu-hadx, 
 stewards. Stiddy, steady. Stock, father of a family. Stooary, 
 story. Stooary '^, story is. Stootest, or siootist, stoutest, 
 strongest. Stop, stay. Stopping staying, residing. Stonr, dust 
 blowing about. Stows/a, Stokesley. Slraave, or strayve, strove. 
 Strahr, strive. Strom/, strong. Strangher, stronger. Strathcr, 
 fuss, commotion. Rt right, straight, right, not crooked. Stripl, 
 stripped, undressed. tiubmiashin, or submishin, submission. 
 Succeahin, or suckshesshin, succession. Sud, should, ought to 
 do. Sinn, some ; as in the old ballads, &c. Sumboddy, some- 
 body, some person. Siuntahms, sometimes, occasionally. 
 Sundays, Sunday's, belonging to the Christian Sabbath. Suns, 
 sons. Suppoat, support. Siqiprahzes, surprises. Fnrroond, 
 surround. Swap, exchange, barter. Siceear, or sweer, swear. 
 Sweearin', or su'eerm', swearing. Siveeat, sweat, perspire, per- 
 spiration. Sweeaty, sweaty, perspiring, wet with perspiration. 
 Swcethart, sweetheart, lover, an old English term of endear- 
 ment. Swiggin\ drinking copiously. Sivooan, sworn. 
 
 'jT, it. T\ or tJi, the ; a very common contraction of the 
 definite article, which is never fully pronounced by those who 
 speak the dialect ; thus, the apple is, t' happel ; the children, ?' 
 bairnJ ; the church, ? chetch. &Q. (In Chaucer we have, thain- 
 bassiatours, for the ambassadors ; thexecncion, for the execu- 
 tion ; tlnritel, for the whittle or knife, &c.) Tackin\ or tdk-kiii 1 , 
 taking, agitated state of mind. Tahm, time. Tak, take ; also 
 used for ill flavour. Taks, takes. . Tasshilx, tassels. Te, to. 
 Teea, or teeati, too. Teeabels, tables. Teearh, teach. Teeak, 
 took ; the tuik and tuke of the old ballads. Teeal, tale. Teean, 
 taken, tune, the one ; the context will always show in which of 
 these various meanings it is used. Teld, and felt, told. Tha, 
 they, thee, thon. Tha 're. they are. Tha 're, they have. 
 T/uire, theer, and ther, are often used indiscriminately for there 
 and for their. The, and de, thy. Theeam, theme. Theerfooar, 
 and therefooar, therefore. Tlteeaxe, and deease, these, those. 
 Thenk, thank. Ther, their, as in the old ballads ; also there, 
 and they are. Thoff, though. T/too, and doo. thou. Thooas, 
 thooaz, and dooaz, those. Thoosans, thousands. Tliosty, thirsty. 
 Thowt, thought. Thowts, thoughts. Tliou-tfid, thoughtful. 
 T/trftrfn\ thriving. T/iraivin\ throwing. Tln-eead-bare, thread- 
 bare. Threeatem, threatens. Threeats, threats. Throo, and 
 
GLOSSARY. 75 
 
 f/mtff", through. Thunner, tliunder. Thunnerd, thundered. 
 Tillj and tel/, until. Ti V, to it, to the. Tire, the metal orna- 
 ments of a coffin, which, according to a foolish old Cleveland 
 superstition, when procured from a grave and made into finger- 
 rings, are a certain cure for the cramp to all who wear them : 
 for some amusing anecdotes anent which delusion see the 
 Peoples History of Cleveland, and also the North of England 
 Illustrated Annual. Tiv, to. Take, or tawk, talk, converse, 
 conversation. Tom, and Tommy, Thomas. Ton, or tonn, turn. 
 Tonn'd, turned. Tonnin\ turning ; also the turn or bend in a 
 road or highway. Tooac/i, torch. Towt, taught. Truri/. 
 travel. Treead, tread, also trade. Tretr, true. Treir drawin" 1 , 
 pulling equally. Trew/y, truly. Treteth, truth. Trifit, trust. 
 Tristy, trusty. Trizher, treasure. Trnmpits, trumpets. Tn/in, 
 trying. Tvmmel, tumble. Ttrahnd, twined, entwined. Ttvcea, 
 two; the tivay of Spenser, and the twa of the old ballads, 
 Twist, turn. 
 
 Udders, or ndherx, others ; the uthers of the old ballads. Unah- 
 deean'd, not ordained. Unkahnd, unkind. Upbreead, upbraid. 
 Uz, us. 
 
 Vanitee, vanity. Varra, and varrif, very. Vast, great deal, 
 large quantity, great number. Vext, vexed. Vinnerubbel , 
 venerable. Vooat, vote. 
 
 Wa, or wah (pronounced short), we. Wacken, or wakken, 
 waken, awake. Wacken' d* or wakken'd, wakened, awakened. 
 Wad, would, as in the old ballads, &c. Wad n't, would not. 
 Wahd, wide. PFa/m'd, warned. WaJmin\ or learning warning. 
 UW/.sr, or inthz, wise. Wahser, or wahzer, wiser. Wanner'd, 
 wandered. Warlc, work, also ache. Warld, world. Warldly, 
 worldly. Warld's, world's, belonging to the world. War shop, 
 worship. Warthies, worthies. Warrihers, warriors. Waz, 
 was ; often used for were. Wedder, whether, also weather. 
 Weddercock, weathercock. Weea, weeah, ivheea, or wheeah, who ; 
 the wha of the old ballads. Weealc, week, also, weak. Weean't, 
 will not. Weeary, weary. Weeast, waste, also waist. Weel, 
 well, as in the old ballads, &c. Wer, were, our. Wershoppcrs, 
 or wosshoppers, worshippers. Whahl, wile, whilst, until ; the 
 whiles of Shakspere. Whatirver, whatever. Wheeas, or 
 whceaz, whose. Wherivver, wherever. Whilk, which. IV/ioh/, 
 whirl. Wnoor, where. WJiyah, very well, I am willing. Wi\ 
 with, as in the old ballads. Wic.Hd, wicked, sinful. Wilt In/. 
 wealthy. Wimmin, women. Winda, and winder, window. 
 \Viniid. wind. Winnot, will not. Wir, with. Wiroot, without. 
 Woak, or woke, walk. Woaku, or /ro/v.v, walks. Wod, word. 
 Wolld, world. Wonner. and trt/mier, wonder. Woutier^/, won- 
 
76 
 
 GLOSSARY. 
 
 nerty lounner'd, and icunnert, wondered. Worhk, work. Wrang, 
 wrong. 
 
 Ya (sounded short), ye, you. Yabbel, able. Yack, or yak, 
 oak. Yah, one. Yal, or yall, ale. Yan, one. Yance, once. 
 Yew's, belonging to one. Yatton, Ayton. Yer, your. Yetk, 
 earth. Yettis, earth's, belonging to this planet. Yis, yes. Yit, 
 yet; used by Edmund Spenser, not merely " for the rhyme, " 
 as his commentators have ignorantly guessed, who have never 
 taken the trouble to ascertain if there was really such a word 
 in existence. Yoo, you. Yoo 've, you have. Yoiist, and youzf, 
 used, used to. Yung, young. 
 
 Tailpiece by Heaviside. 
 
SUCH is Castillo's illustration of the North York Dialect. Should 
 the sale be sufficient to encourage the continued publication of 
 other works in the Dialect, the Editor hopes to follow it up with 
 reprints of works now become scarce, as well as with original 
 matter. Being too intimately connected with the Authoress of 
 
 Rhymes and Sketches to Illustrate 
 the Cleveland Dialect 
 
 for his testimony to the fidelity of the work to be regarded as 
 altogether impartial, he may be pardoned for quoting the fol- 
 lowing, culled from among many other 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PKESS. 
 
 " A most interesting little work." Masonic Magazine. 
 
 *' Capital songs and stories." Iron. 
 
 " Quite apart from the peculiarity of language they display, 
 her verses are worth reading. Some of them have pathos, others 
 
 have humour. Nor are they difficult to understand Mrs. 
 
 Tweddell has done for the Cleveland Dialect what the Rev. 
 William Barnes has done for that of Dorset ; she has clad its 
 peculiarities in very pleasant verse." Pictorial World. 
 
 " A clever little volume." Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper. 
 
 " A little work of considerable merit, the pieces it contains all 
 having a tendency for good." City Press. 
 
 11 Mrs. Tweddell has done her work well, and the result is a 
 bright little book, without a dry line from the beginning to the 
 end." Westminster Chronicle. 
 
 " We have read, with singular pleasure, a little book, published 
 by Tweddell and Sons, of Stokesley, Yorkshire, and composed by 
 the wife of our well-known Bro. G. M. Tweddell, entitled Rhymes 
 avd\Sketches to Illustrate the Cleveland Dialect. Being, from long 
 residence, always ready to say, ' I'se Yorkshire,' we have perused 
 the tiny volume with the deepest interest and pleasure. Both the 
 rhymes and the prose are equally effective and true, as we can 
 assert from a long residence in Yorkshire. We feel sure that 
 were several of the extracts of Mrs. Tweddell's zealous labour of 
 love read out to a Yorkshire audience, (and this is the best of all 
 tests as to truthfulness and effect,) great would be the applause, 
 heartily expressed would be the admiration. One friend of ours, 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 of many years, we hear even now, whose rendering of either the 
 humorous or pathetic pieces, whether of ' Polly Rivers visit te 
 Stowslay Cattle Show,' or ' The Poor Mother's Lament for her 
 Little Bairn,' would have drawn alike smiles and tears from a 
 warm-hearted Yorkshire gathering. Even his own inimitable 
 story of the amiable Beer ' and the couragous Yorkshire < Young 
 Wumman,' would pall in comparison before Polly's vivid des- 
 cription of the * two loving doves ' and their ' coo, coo, cooing.' 
 We hope that a large circulation may encourage Mrs. Tweddell 
 to persevere in similar efforts, as we feel sure that, like the iron- 
 stone of pleasant Cleveland, she has struck happily on a vein of 
 sterling metal,' not yet, by a great deal, exhausted, and capable 
 of being further worked out with pleasure and with profit. We 
 commend the Rhymes and Sketches to illustrate the Cleveland 
 Dialect to the notice of all our Yorkshire readers, nay, and for 
 the matter of that, of our ' Southerners ' too." The (London) 
 Freemason. 
 
 " It is a genuine little production, marked by truth and ability, 
 by reality and humour, by sound teaching and a good moral ; 
 and we are very glad in these days of dubious literary productions, 
 and hesitating utterances of a higher excellence, to claim for it 
 the approval and encouragement of all who wish the literature of 
 the hour to fulfil its true end, the intellectual amusement and the 
 moral edification of all classes." The Freemason (second notice). 
 
 " We have quoted the above beautiful lyric [' Twea Match 
 Lads '] from a newly published and neatly bound little volume, 
 written by Mrs. G. M. Tweddell, of Stokesley, under the title of 
 Rhymes and Sketches to Illustrate the Cleveland Dialect. Prose 
 and verse are mixed with a master hand ; each one is good, either 
 for its humour, its pathos, or the light it throws upon such bits of 
 country life as only well written dialect sketches can illustrate ; 
 and we have only selected the above on account of its shortness. 
 A Glossary, written by her husband (the Yorkshire Massey), 
 illustrates the meaning of the dialect words, some of which are 
 puzzling even to a West Riding reader. We have no doubt that 
 the sale will be such as will satisfy the publisher and the author 
 that both of them have made their mark upon the literature of 
 their county, and that; both have earned the respect of that many 
 they have for more than a quarter of a century written to and 
 about." Wakejield Free Press. 
 
 " In the little volume before us, we have a pleasant collection 
 of homely sayings, poetic thoughts, and wholesome sketches, 
 strung together by no mean hand and brain, in the Dialect of 
 Cleveland, as that part of the old county of York which abuts on 
 Durham is called.. Its sons have described its attractions, 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PEESS. 
 
 and it has remained for one of the daughters of this fair land, 
 under the nom de plume of FLORENCE CLEVELAND, to embalm 
 the prattle of its children, and the strong, homely sense of their 
 fathers, in the vernacular Dialect of the fireside hearths. Mrs. 
 Tweddell appropriately opens her volume with a description of 
 
 * T' Awd Cleveland Custums ' In 'Jim's Wife' and < Sly 
 
 Sally ' we have other glimpses of the ideas of what the home life 
 of these workers must be ; and, if they are not temperate people, 
 the admonition to * Keep Sowber,' to ' Keep Stright,' and * Cum, 
 Stop at Yam te Neet, Bob,' would make them so, more than a 
 score of teetotal lectures. The prose sketches are as healthy and 
 as pleasant as the poetic pieces. Few who care for homely 
 English thoughts put into homely verse, will be without this 
 little work ; whilst those who know the wolds of Yorkshire and 
 the dales of Durham will welcome it as breathing the home tones 
 in the home time, and will treasure it as a breath from Kosebury 
 Topping over the country round." Royal Leamington Spa 
 Courier. 
 
 " As preserving the forms, and giving an idea of the pronun- 
 ciation of many words which are becoming some of which have 
 already become obsolete, and as showing the influence on the 
 local Dialect of the Scandinavian element which once prevailed 
 in the North-Eastern provinces, Mrs. Tweddell's compositions 
 will be of some value in an archaeological sense, while the various 
 Rhymes and Sketches, looking at them as a whole, are readable 
 and in excellent tone." 'Yorkshire Post. 
 
 u We have been much pleased with these Rhymes. There is 
 someth.ng more than jingle in them, for they are as remarkable 
 for their dry wit and homely philosophy as they are for their 
 dialect and constructive skill. The fair authoress has succeeded 
 in a task that must have been to her a labour of love. Her 
 poetical sketches are as skilful as bits of biography, as her more 
 serious poems are noticeable for their healthy morality. The 
 prose pieces are quite as good as the poetry. The Sunday School 
 Lad and the Angels is worth quoting." York Herald. 
 
 " Mrs. Tweddell is the Poet Laureat of Cleveland, and her 
 husband is an untiring local historian of no small antiquarian 
 research, who takes a keen interest in everything that takes place 
 in the ' Land of hills, and woods, and streams,' so eloquently 
 apostrophised by his enthusiastic wife. The Tweddell printing 
 press is seldom still, and although Mr. Tweddell sometimes 
 
 projects more than he can accomplish, this is a venial 
 
 error of judgement, which bears testimony to the earnestness 
 with which he endeavours to make Stokesley the Athens of 
 Cleveland. In the neat little volume before us, Mrs. Tweddell 
 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 has sought to rescue from oblivion some of the salient features of 
 
 the Cleveland Dialect Few places in the North have 
 
 been subjected to such inroads from other districts. The develop- 
 ment of the iron mines has transformed the character of her 
 population, and attracted to the North Riding men from almost 
 every shire in England. Hence the Cleveland Dialect is fast 
 becoming obsolete. To rescue it from oblivion is the object of 
 this little book, and we need hardly say that the production has 
 been a labour of love to the talented lady who seems to make 
 
 Cleveland-worship a kind of religion From the extracts 
 
 which we have given of the Rhymes, the reader will be able to 
 judge of the faithfulness with which the author has rendered the 
 Cleveland Dialect. Even those who cannot appreciate the fidelity 
 of the rendering will yet find much to amuse and to interest in 
 the Rhymes and the Sketches of this little volume. Mrs. Tweddell 
 writes with freedom and ease, many of her Rhymes are charming 
 little poems, and in all there is a natural grace and truthfulness 
 which make them well worth reading for their own sake. The 
 Sketches are mostly humorous, and, although not so attractive to 
 the general reader as the Rhymes, may likely enough be even 
 more popular in Cleveland. It only needs to be added that a 
 Glossary, abridged from Mr. Tweddell's People's History of 
 Cleveland, completes the value of this unassuming little work." 
 Northern Echo. 
 
 " Mrs. Tweddell has rendered good service in preparing and 
 bringing out those Rhymes and Sketches, which so well illustrate 
 not only the Dialect but the population of Cleveland before its 
 invasion by the ironstone miners." Yorkshire Gazette. 
 
 ' We know not whether more to commend the intention or the 
 execution of this little work. The iron horse is running down 
 our local dialects. Fusing and interfusing, it makes war on the 
 confusion of tongues, and threatens to melt them all into one ; and 
 it is a good work to give the speech of a district to the keeping of 
 print, ere it has passed away from the local tongue. ' The only 
 merit that is claimed' by Mrs. Tweddell for her Rhymes and 
 Sketches l is the stringing together of a good many Cleveland 
 words and expressions that are fast becoming obsolete.' But this 
 is a great merit, and her pages have also more. They are not 
 only good for their purpose, but good in themselves. Prose and 
 verse are alike good, and especially commend themselves to the 
 approval of all who were * to the dialect born,' some of whom 
 knew ' awd Stowslay Toon ' before the snort of the locomotive 
 engine was heard in Cleveland, and when the iron ore still 
 slumbered in the deep recesses of the Yorkshire hills." New- 
 castle Daily Chronicle. 
 
TESTIMONIAL 
 
 TO 
 
 GEORGE MARKHAM TWEDBELL. 
 
 IT has long been the wish of many of the friends and admirers of this well 
 known Author and Public Speaker, to present him with some substantial. 
 Testimonial of esteem, for his life-long Labours for the Mental and Moral 
 Elevation of the People. There has scarcely been a movement in the path 
 of Progress which he has not aided, publicly and privately, by his tongue 
 and pen, from his youth up to the present time ; often at a great pecuniary 
 loss to himself ; so that many, who may have differed widely from him in 
 opinion, have not hesitated to express their admiration of the enthusiastic 
 and unflinching manner in which he has always devoted his abilities in 
 striving to promote whatever appeared to him to be for the good of huma- 
 nity, whether popular or otherwise. The present Testimonial will consist 
 of a PUKSE OF GOLD, to help him through heavy losses and family 
 affliction, over which he has no control, and to aid him to complete those 
 Literary Labours in which he is known to have been so long engaged; 
 whilst to preserve an enduring record of its presentation, the names of all 
 the Subscribers, whether of pounds or of pence, will be printed in book 
 form, and copies deposited in all the principal public libraries, as well as 
 distributed among the Subscribers. The Testimonial will not be of a Sec_ 
 tarian, Party, or even Local character; and Subscriptions for the same 
 Will be gladly received, and duly acknowledged, by 
 
 Wm. Andrews, F.R.H.S.. No. 10, Colonial Street, Hull. 
 
 Charles Bell, Draper, 1, Suss ex- street, Middlesbrough, and High- 
 street, Redcar. 
 
 Isaac Binns, F.R.H.S., Borough Accountant, Batley. 
 
 R. Broadbridge, Minister of the Unsectarian Church, Wilnecote, 
 near Tamworth. 
 
 A. J. Broadbridge, Overseer's Office, Middlesbrough. 
 
 J. Tom Burgess, F.S.A., Grassbrooke, Leamington. 
 
 l 
 
W. H. Burnett, Editor of the Daily Exchange, Middlesbrough. 
 
 F. B. Cooke, Manager of* the National Provincial Bank of Eng- 
 land, Stokesley. 
 
 T. W. Craster, M.D., Linthorpe Eoad, Middlesbrough. 
 
 L. F. Crummey, M.R.C.S., Manor House, Great Ay ton. 
 
 John Dixon, Merchant, Skelton, via Marske-by-the-Sea. 
 
 John Dunning, Ex- Mayor, Southfield Villas, Middlesbrough. 
 
 J. F. Elgee, Manager of Backhouse and Go's Bank, Middlesbro'. 
 
 Thomas B. Forster (Sec. to the " Wharton " Lodge, 1.0. Oddfel- 
 lows), 32, High-street, Skelton, Cleveland. 
 
 Joseph Gould, Printer, 24, South-street, Middlesbrough. 
 
 Spencer T. Hall, " The Sherwood Forester," Burnley. 
 
 Emra, Holmes, Collector of Customs, Fowey, Cornwall. 
 
 George Kenning, Masonic Jeweller and Publisher, 198, Fleet- 
 street, 1, 2, and 3, Little Britain, and 175, Aldersgate-street, 
 London ; 2, Monument Place, Liverpool ; and 9, West 
 Howard-street, Glasgow. 
 
 Samuel F. Longstaffe, F.R.H.S., Norton Green, Stockton-on-Tees. 
 
 John Macfarlane and Sons, Booksellers, Middlesbrough. 
 
 Wm. Mason, Berlin House, Newport Road, Middlesbrough. 
 
 David Normington, Watchmaker, Stokesley. 
 
 Rev. John Oxlee, Rector of Cowesby, via Thirsk. 
 
 Thomas Rawling (Sec. to Stokesley District 1.0. Oddfellows), 
 Stamp Office, Gisbrough. 
 
 Henry Roberts, 37, Rushford-street, Middlesbrough. 
 
 John Ryley Robinson, LL.D., Westgate, Dewsbury. 
 
 John Sutherst, Cleveland Ironworks, Gisbrough. 
 
 Fred. Wake (Sec. to Friendly Dividend Society), Carlton-in- 
 Cleveland. 
 
 George Watson, J.P., Cleveland Villas, Middlesbrough. 
 
 Richard Watson, Manager of the Darlington District Joint Stock 
 Bank, Stokesley. 
 
 Thomas Watson, Auctioneer, 4, Grange Road, Darlington. 
 
 Persons wishing to be added to the above List, are requested 
 to send their names and addresses to 
 
 WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S., 
 
 Honorary Secretary. 
 No. 10, Colonial Street, Hull, 
 November, 1877. 
 
PUBLICATIONS NOW ON SALE BY TWEDDELL 
 AND SONS, STOKESLEY. 
 
 In one beautifully printed volume of 286 pages, crown 8vo., cloth, 
 
 gilt lettered, reduced from 5s. to 3s. 6tf., or 
 
 free by bookpost 4s. 
 
 JEhe Storg of Count Ulasfei; Eurtlta, 
 antr other original 3Pocnt t toith 
 
 BY ETA MAWE. 
 
 Authoress of "Far and Near," "A Tom of Times Gone By" frc. 
 
 COMMENDATIONS OF ETA M AWE'S POEMS. 
 
 " An eloquent volume. ... I find much to admire in ' Count Ulaski ' 
 and 'Aurelia,' especially the latter, and the Translations appear to me 
 composed with rare ease and felicity. They introduce me to many poems 
 with which I was before unacquainted. 1 '- Lord Lytton. 
 
 " A very pleasing and delightful volume- . . . The charm of metre 
 goes a good way with me, and I like to pause and linger over flowing and 
 graceful verse, and that yours most assuredly is. ... But to return to 
 those two tales, 'Ulaski' and ' Aurelia,' they are full of interest, the one 
 of active, the other of sedentary interest, or, as the Germans would distin- 
 guish them, of objective and subjective interest. ... I have read the 
 minor poems also with a great deal of enjoyment. The ' Sonnet to Handel' 
 struck me as particularly good. ' The Stocking Knitter ' is a gem." Sir 
 J. Herschel. 
 
 " I like your ' Aurelia ' exceedingly, and your ' Q-olden Mean.' Your 
 verses are loaded with thought." Eev. George Gilflllan. 
 
 " In the volume before us there are a thousand beauties. . . . We 
 really think that no fruits of the modern nmse contain finer passage?, or 
 show deeper knowledge of the human heart than ' Ulaeki ' and ' Aurelia.' 
 . . . The minor poems, both original and from the German, have genu- 
 ine force and sweetness. . . . The ' Poet of Coila ' has never been 
 greeted with a more just, a more eloquent, or a more charming eulogium. 
 . . . The noblest efforts of Burns's genius, and the finest qualities in 
 those efforts, are referred to with equal warmth of admiration, and sound- 
 ness of critical judgment. The tributes entitled 'Gibsoniana' are warm, 
 genial, graceful, eloquent, and well deserved, for undoubtedly Gibson 
 stands on the highest roll of British sculptors." Durham Advertiser. 
 
 " Her translations of German poetry are excellent and well selected, and, 
 taking her book altogether, it is decidedly an honour to the head and 
 heart of the authoress."~lllustrated Times. 
 
 " Here we have in a small compass a great deal of very good poetry. 
 . . . The present volume fully sustains, and, we think, adds in no small 
 degree to the reputation achieved by its predecessor." W. T. Kime, Esq., 
 Barrister-at-Law, J.P., Editor of "Albert the Good," &c. 
 
 " In reviving the memory of poor Poland you have struck most forcibly 
 the chorda of my heart, for from a very early age I have felt for its suffer- 
 ings a sincere sympathy." M. G. Soiling, a German correspondent. 
 
NORTH OF ENGLAND TEACTATES. 
 
 Under the above title, the Publishers purpose to print, from 
 time to time, a collection of small Treatises, in prose and verse, 
 relating to the North of England, offering them to the general 
 public at the lowest possible prices which will clear the neces- 
 sary expenses of publication. The following are now ready, at 
 One Penny Each. 
 
 No. 1. Cleveland, a Poem, in Blank Verse, by JOHN HEED 
 APPLETON, F.S.A. 
 
 No. 2. Prince Oswy, a Legend of Rosebury Topping, by the 
 late JOHN WALKER ORD, F.G.S.L. 
 
 No. 3. The Trials and Troubles of a Tourist, by JOHN REED 
 APPLETON, F.E.S.N.A. ; with Tailpieces by Bewick and Linton. 
 
 No. 4. Rhymes to Illustrate the North York Dialect, by 
 FLORENCE CLEVELAND. 
 
 No. 5. Yorkshire Worthies, by JOHN RYLEY ROBINSON, LL.D., 
 with Medallion of Capt. Cook. 
 
 No. 6. The Old, Old Woman of Elton, a Ballad, by ETA 
 MAWR ; with Tailpiece by Linton. 
 
 No. 7. Cleveland Sonnets, by GEORGE MARKHAM TWEDDELL. 
 
 No. 8. Halifax Gibbet and Gibbet Law, by JOHN RYLEY 
 ROBINSON, LL.D. ; with illustrations. 
 
 No. 9. Howley Hall, a Prose Sketch ; and Rosebury Topping, 
 a Blank Verse Poem, by JOHN RYLEY ROBINSON, LL.D. ; with 
 Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 
 No. 10. Sunnyside Gill, a Blank Verse Poem, by GEORGE 
 MARKHAM TWEDDELL, F.R.S.N.A., Copenhagen, &c. 
 
 No. II. Cleveland Thoughts, or the Poetry of Toil, a Blank 
 Verse Poem, by ANGUS MACPHERSON, C.E. ; with Tailpiece by 
 Bewick. 
 
 No. 12. The Saxon Cross, Church, $*c., at Dewsbury, by JOHN 
 RYLEY ROBINSON, LL.D. ; with four fine Illustrations, and a Lin- 
 ton Tailpiece. 
 
 No. 13. Awd Gab, o' Steers; How he Tried te Sweetheart 
 Betty Moss : a Trew Teale, related in the North York Dialect, 
 by FLORENCE CLEVELAND ; with a Glossary. 
 
 No. 14. The Cleveland Knight, or Origin of English Alum 
 Making, a Ballad, by the late MAURICE H. DALE ; with a Por- 
 trait of Lambert Russell, and a Tailpiece by Bewick. 
 
 No. 15. In Memoriam. On the Death of Mark Philips, Esq., 
 a Blank Verse Poem, by GEORGE MARKHAM TWEDDELL. 
 
 No. 16. 2 he Baron of Grey stoke, a Legendary Ballad ; by the 
 REV. JAMES HOLME, B.A., late Vicar of Kirkleatham. 
 
 No 17. A Voice from Flood and Fell, by the late J. G. GRANT. 
 
 No. IS.Towton Field, or the " Battle of England's Civill 
 Wanes ; " by JOHN R. ROBINSON, LL.D. 
 
Complete in one volume of 100 pages, fscp. 8vo., printed on good paper, 
 
 bound in blue cloth, gilt lettered, price Is. Gd., or strongly bound and 
 
 richly ornamented, 2s. 6d. ; by bookpost 2d. extra. 
 
 RHYMES AND SKETCHES TO ILLUSTRATE THE 
 CLEVELAND DIALECT, 
 
 By Mrs. Gr. M. Tweddell (Florence Cleveland). 
 
 COMMENDATIONS. 
 
 From His Grace the Archbishop of York. " An interesting 
 volume of Sketches. It has, besides its poetical interest, a certain 
 philological interest too. I am very glad to possess it " 
 
 From Robert Henry Allan Esq., F.S.A., J.P., D.L., &c., of 
 Blackwell Hall. " My dear Mr. Tweddell, I have received three 
 copies of Mrs. Tweddell's elegant and clever volume. The 
 Sketches are very characteristic and most amusing ; and the 
 Glossary is as essentially necessary as it is valuable. . . Will 
 you kindly send me twenty-seven extra bound copies (2/6 each), 
 which, with the three copies just received, will make up the 
 thirty copies subscribed for by Mrs. Allan and myself, for which 
 I beg leave to enclose a cheque on Messrs. Backhouse and Co. for 
 5, and which you w r ill be so obliging as to hand to Mrs. Twed- 
 dell with our united compliments." 
 
 From the Rev. T. P. Williamson (formerly of Gisbrough) 
 Vicar of Little Brickhill, Bucks., Author of If Either Which, 
 &c. " Alluding to your Preface, I may say, that it is a happy 
 thing that no other person was writing in the Cleveland Dialect 
 at this time ; for I am certain no other person could have pro- 
 duced so delightful a little book as yours. It is not only the 
 * Cleveland Dialect ' very happily rendered, but the whole 
 (whether poetry or prose) hits off the Cleveland character of a 
 former day in a way that leaves nothing to be desired." 
 
 From the Rev. James Holme, B.A., late Vicar of Kirkleatham, 
 Author of Leisure Musings and Devotional Meditations, Mount 
 Grace Abbey , and other Poems. " I have long intended to write 
 and thank you for the beautiful little volume of your excellent 
 rustic poems." 
 
 From Mr. J. H. Eccles, of Leeds, Author of Yorkshire Songs, 
 &c. " I like both Poems and Sketches very much, and think 
 they are a credit both to your head and heart. . . . Believe 
 me to be your sincere wisher, that the work may have the popu- 
 larity it deserves, and dear old Cleveland furnish you with themes 
 for many poems and sketches of such naturalness and beauty." 
 
 From William Danby, Esq , of Elmfield House, Exeter (for- 
 merly of Gisbrough), Author of Poems, &c. " I received Mrs. 
 Tweddell's book 011 Saturday night, and enclose stamps. It was, 
 
as Uriah Heap says, * like the ringing of old bellses ' to hear, as 
 it were, through the void of time, the sound of the robust verna- 
 cular of my native district. . . I have already had great 
 pleasure in reading several of the pieces, and am looking forward 
 to the opportunity of making myself acquainted with the rest. . 
 I can only hope that many ' Bobs ' may be induced to ' stop at 
 yam ' at nights, and read Mrs. Tweddell's sound moral lessons, 
 and occasional pathetic utterances, to their families. The rail- 
 ways, and the vast introduction of an abnormal population, con- 
 sequent on the development of the iron trade, must have gone 
 far to banish much of the old Dialect, and induce many natives 
 to attempt a more cosmopolitan mode of speech ; and therefore 
 we should be the more obliged to Mrs. Tweddell for her en- 
 deavour that it should not be wholly forgotten. She has done 
 for the North Biding what Hughes has done for Wiltshire, Barnes 
 for Dorsetshire, ' Nathan Hogg ' for Devonshire, Tregellas for 
 Cornwall, and other writers for other counties." 
 
 From Eta Mawr, Authoress of Far and Near, Ike Story of 
 Count Ulaski, Kurelia, and other Poems, &c. " Accept my best 
 thanks, my dear ' Florence Cleveland,' for the elegantly bound 
 copy of your -Rhymes and Sketches to illustrate the Cleveland Dia- 
 lect, whose contents I had already devoured in their humbler 
 arb, with much admiration of the skill and talent, the wit and 
 umour, of the clever authoress, and the excellent moral tone 
 everywhere, but unobtrusively, pervading it. . . I hope your 
 little book will have customers among the class who speak its 
 language, and that both wives and husbands will benefit by such 
 moral lessons as are conveyed in ' Come, stop at yam te neet, 
 Bob,' &c. Of the prose Sketches my favourite is the inimitable 
 1 Betty Moth,' but they are all very good in their way." 
 
 From Mr. W. M. Egglestone, Author of Wear dale Forest. 
 " When I came home last night, Mrs. Tweddell's Cleveland 
 Sketches was on my table. I glanced through the work, and 
 read ' Stowslay Cattle Show,' which pleased me very much. 
 With some trifling exceptions, the Cleveland Dialect is very much 
 like that of Weardale. How Bill and Polly liked each other, and 
 how they bungled about expressing their love, their sweet-heart- 
 ing at the gate, &c., is very much like the style how a Weardale 
 lad and lass, twenty years ago, would have done. The sketch of 
 ' Polly Kivers's Trip te Stowslay Cattle Show ' reads as if it had 
 been taken down in shorthand from the lips of the veritable 
 Polly, it is so life-like and interesting." 
 
 From the late Alexander Craig Gibson, Esq., F.S.A., with a 
 presentation copy of his admirable work on The Folk-Speech of 
 1 Cumberland and some Districts adjacent. " With the Author's 
 kind regards to Mrs. G-. M. Tweddell, in whom he is gratified to 
 have discovered a congenial taste." 
 
 g 
 h 
 
From Mr. William Andrews, F.R.H.S., Author of The History 
 of the Dunmore Flitch, &c. " I am very much pleased with Mrs. 
 Tweddell's volume, and so are all those who have seen it. 
 Though I like all the pieces, the poem on ' T' Awd Cleveland 
 Customs ' delights me most." 
 
 From Mr. F. K. Robinson, Author of A Glossary of Yorkshire 
 Words and Phrases, collected in Whitby and the Neighbourhood ; 
 Whitby : its Abbey, and the principal parts of the Neighbourhood, 
 &c. Florence Cleveland is very happy in her North Yorkshire 
 productions. She has both an eye and an ear for its picturesque 
 and expressive Dialect." 
 
 From Louis H. Phillips, Esq., Barrister-at-Law. " I have to 
 thank you very much for Mrs. Tweddell's most interesting book, 
 which I have just finished reading. It is really a refreshing and 
 agreeable contribution to the local literature of the day ; and you 
 may take my compliment (such as it is worth) as the more sin- 
 cere in that I am no admirer of local, by which I mean dialect, 
 verses or sketches as a rule. I admit their value in their place, 
 for special and antiquarian purposes ; but, as Johnson said about 
 wines, ' they are not for me.' If the book had not been your 
 wife's, probably I should not have looked at it. As it is, I own 
 myself rewarded." 
 
 From Mrs. Macquoid, Authoress of Forqottenbythe World, Hester 
 Kirton, By the Sea, Doris Barugh, &c. "Please thank Mrs. 
 Tweddell for the pleasure her verses have given us. Some of 
 them are very pretty." 
 
 The above are selected from scores of others, from all classes 
 of persons. The following London and provincial publications 
 have also commended the work, viz. The Archaeologist, the 
 Barnsley Chronicle, the Barnsley Times, the Bradford Chronicle, 
 the Chelsea Times, the City Press, the Criterion, the Derbyshire 
 Courier, the Durham Advertiser, the Durham Chronicle, the 
 Eastern Morning News, the Freemason, the Gisbrough Exchange, 
 the Harrogate Gazette, the Hull News, the Hull Packet, Iron, the 
 Knaresbro' Times, the Leamington Courier, the Leeds Mercury, 
 Lloyd's Weekly London Newspaper, the Masonic Magazine, the 
 Middlesbrough Exchange, the Middlesbrough News, the Middles- 
 brough and Stockton Gazette, the Middlesbrough Temperance 
 Visitor, the Newcastle Daily Chronicle, the Northern Echo, the 
 Otley News, the Pictorial World, the Sheffield Times and Iris, 
 the South Durham Herald, the Sunderland Times, the Tadcaster 
 Post, the Waikouaiti and Shag Valley Herald (Hawksbury, Pro- 
 vince of Otago, New Zealand), the Wakefield Free Press, the 
 Westminster Chronicle, the Wetherby News, the Whitby Gazette, 
 the Whitby Times, the York HeraM, the Yorkshire Gazette, the 
 Yorkshire Post, and others. 
 
Reduced from Is. 6d. to Is., or post free to any part of Great 
 Britain or Ireland on receipt of fourteen penny postage stamps, 
 
 "With a Map of the District on both sides of Tees Bay, the second 
 edition, revised by the Author, of 
 
 THE VISITOR'S HANDBOOK TO REDCAR 
 
 COATHAM, AND SALTBUKN-BY-THE-SEA, 
 
 With Historical and Descriptive Accounts of Places of Interest 
 in the Neighbourhood suitable for Rambles. 
 
 By GEOBGE MABKHAM TWEDDELL. 
 
 " I have received so much pleasure from its perusal and guidance 
 through the Saltburn locality, that 1 consider it cheap at even double its 
 price." John Eeed Appleton, Esq., F.S.A. 
 
 " This little book, which has reached its second edition, will find a wel- 
 come place in the knapsack of every traveller visiting the delightful re- 
 treats upon which it dilates. It is full of interesting and valuable informa- 
 tion, historical and descriptive, which is given in the familiar and easy 
 style so desirable and proper in productions of this nature, The author 
 has availed himself largely of authorities bearing upon the subjects before 
 him, but his quotations are well chosen for their direct applicability, and 
 are connected in a happy and judicious manner. The poetical illustrations, 
 drawn from some of our best poets, tend to diversify the character of the 
 work, and, beingr everywhere exceedingly appropriate, they are by no 
 means the least interesting features in this useful and entertaining little 
 handbook, which may be safely recommended to the notice of all who take 
 an interest in the charming locality of which it treats." Middlesbro' News. 
 " Visitors to Eedcar wish to know something about the antecedents of 
 the place, and Mr. Tweddell has thrown many pleasing and antiquarian 
 researches together to make a useful book for their information. The ad- 
 jacent villages and things of note are treated of, and the attention of visi- 
 tors called to many interesting places and objects which are noted in the 
 neighbourhood. Mr. Tweddell has done the public service in printing a 
 
 . second edition of his interesting little work, which will not fail to please 
 
 " and be useful to all who read it." Stockton Herald. 
 
 " The writer of this little volume has for many years been well known 
 as the author of several works of considerable literary merit, amongst 
 which that of ' Shakspere, his Times and Contemporaries, 1 is undoubtedly 
 his best, and occupies no mean rank in the voluminous literature relating 
 to the ' myriad-minded bard of Avon.' The reputation Mr. Tweddell has 
 earned for himself by the work just mentioned is fully sustained in the 
 present publication. Being a native of a locality adjoining that which he 
 describes, and possessing an immense fund of local, antiquarian, topo- 
 graphical, and historical information, combined with mental gifts of a very 
 high order, he was well qualified for the task he undertook in the produc- 
 tion of a handbook to Eedcar and its vicinity. The work shows evidences 
 of a very entensive research for facts relating to the places he describes, 
 which he has used in a most judicious manner His descriptions are full 
 and accurate, and a vein of genuine humour runs through the work, re- 
 lieving it of that dull and tedious air which is so characteristic of works of 
 this class. In short, it does much credit to the taste, industry, and ability 
 of its author. Every visitor to Eedcar or the neighbourhood should pro- 
 vide himself with this handbook, and thus secure one of the best of guides 
 and companions for his rambles." Stockton Gazette and Middlesbrough 
 Times. 
 
 8 
 
. 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRAR 
 BERKELEY 
 
 Return to desk from which borrowed. 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 4UN30 
 
 INTER-L1BRAR' 
 LOAN 
 
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 JAN 
 
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01933 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
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