^T V y^'^iyiKSL^ y 1?%= THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES BRITISH MUSEUM. '^"^ GUIDE TO THE MANUSCRIPTS, AUTOGEAPHS, CHAETERS, SEALS, ILLUMINATIONS AND BINDINGS EXHIBITED IN THE DEPAETMENT OF MANUSCRIPTS THE GRENVILLE LIBRARY. WITH THIRTY PLATES. PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1906. Vrice Sixpence. BRITISH MUSEUM. GUIDE MANUSCRIPTS, AUTOGEAPHS, CHARTERS, SEALS, ILLUMINATIONS AND BINDINGS EXHIBITED IN THE DEPAKTMENT OF MANUSCRIPTS AND IN THE GRENVILLE LIBRARY. WITH THIRTY PLATES. PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES. 1906. OXFORD : HORACE HART PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY PREFACE. The last previous edition of this Guide was issued in 1899. It is now exhausted, and the necessity for a new one has afforded an opportunity, not only to incorporate in the exhibition several manuscripts of special interest acquired since that date, but to make some further alterations. In particular, the selection of Biblical Manuscripts has been augmented and so arranged in two new cases as to illustrate the history of the text and translations of the Holy Scriptures in a more systematic and instructive way. With a similar object considerable changes have also been effected among the Illuminated Manuscripts. These have hitherto formed a single chronological series, without distinction of schools, A larger number, including finer examples, are now shown, and they are distributed according to the countries in which they were executed. It is hoped that by this means their educational value, as well as their outward attraction, will be sensibly enhanced. In 1899, for the first time, twenty plates of facsimiles were included in the Guide. In the present edition it has been found possible to increase the number to thirty. Geo. F. Warner, Keeper of M^S. 26 Feb., 1906. 824708 CON T E N T ;S. PAGE KuYAL Autographs 8 Historical Autographs and Papers . 1-2 Charters . 34 Literary and other Autographs (English) . 48 V „ .. (Foreign) . 55) Royal Books . 64 Autograph Literary- Works . 60 Manuscripts : — L~Greek . 7a II. — Latin, etc 7l> III.— English .... . 86 IV. — Chronicles of England . 89 Biblical MSS . 109 Historical Documents and Papyri . . 118 Seals . 115 Illuminated MSS . 121 Bindings ...... . 145 List of Benefactors . 151 Facsimiles of Autographs . 154 DEPARTMENT OF MANUSCRIPTS. The collections of this Department have been formed partly by the acquisition of private libraries and partly by purchases and donations from year to year. The Manuscripts of Sir Robert Cotton, of Eobert and Edward Harley, Earls of Oxford, and of Sir Hans Sloane, were among the first collections brought together by the Act of Parliament of 1753, to which the British Museum owes its origin. The Cotton MSS. wei-e presented to the nation by Sir John Cotton, grandson of Sir Eobert, in 1700, and the sums paid for the Harley and Sloane MSS. were acknowledged to be much below their real value. The other collections are: The Royal MSS., presented by George II. in 1757 ; the King's MSS., collected by George III. ; the Birch MSS., bequeathed by the Rev. Thomas Birch, D.D., in 1765; the Lansdowne MSS., of William Petty, Marquess of Lansdowne ; the Arundel MSS., of Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel ; the Burney MSS., of the Rev. Charles Burney, D.D. ; the Hargrave MSS., of Francis Hargrave, K.C. ; the Egerton MSS., bequeathed by Francis Egerton, Earl of Bridgewater, in 1829, and since augmented by purchases made from funds provided by him and by Charles Long, Lord Farn- borough (1838) ; the Stowe MSS., collected by George Temple- Nugent-Grenville, Marquess of Buckingham ; and the Additional MSS., the largest of all the collections, purchased from the annual parliamentary grant or acquired by donation or bequest. The Department contains upwards of 50,000 volumes ; 75,000 charters and rolls ; nearly 16,000 detached seals and casts of seals ; and over 1,400 ancient Greek and Latin papyri. A list of the principal benefactors to the Department is given at the end of the Guide. '2 Department of Manuticripts. Tlip selection exliibited to tho public* is, roughly speaking, (lividod into four classes: historical (pp. 'i, SO, ll-'J), literary (p. 48), palatograph ical (p. 72), and artistic (p. 121). The first two classes mainly consist of autographs ; the third exemplifies the progress of writing from the third centuiy })eforo Christ to the fifteenth century of our era ; and the fourth comprises manuscripts of the ninth to the sixteenth centuries embellished internally by the illuminator and miniaturist, or externally with ornamental bindings. Many of the examples, however, in each class present other elements of interest ; and special mention may be made of the '■ English Manuscripts '' (p. 80) and the " Biblical Manuscripts '' (p. 109), including the famous "Codex Alexandrinus.'' The contents of the first four cases are intended to illustrate the course of English histoiy by a selection of autograph letters and other original documents. They begin (p. 3) with a complete series of autogi'aphs of English sovereigns from Eichard II. to Victoria, no signature or other handwriting of any earlier sovereign being known to exist. In the last compartment of the same case are also shown autographs of six of the most famous foreign sovereigns from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Further examples of English royal handwriting will be found in the general series of " Historical Autographs and Papers " in Cases II. -IV. (p. 12). This series begins in the reign of Henry VI., but the earlier periods receive illustration in the Charters exhibited in Cases V. and VI. (p. 34), and in the collection of English Chronicles in the central table-case F (p. 89). The documents are arranged in order of date, and, so far as the limits of space permit, the aim has been, by means of autograph letters, etc., of kings and queens, statesmen, naval and military commanders, ecclesiastics and others, to direct attention to the leading events and most eminent historical characters of each reign. A few introductory remarks on some of the other classes will be found prefixed to them in their place in the Guide. * For purposes of study and researcli the StudentH' Room is ojK^n to aJl persons provided with reading-tickets from 10 a.m. to 4.45 p.m. daily, with the exception of the first four week-days in M&rch and September. ( 3 ) ROYAL AUTOGRAPHS.* Case I. [On the left as the visitor enters from the Grenville Library. f] 1. Richard II. Particulars of an agreement, in French, for the restoration of the castle of Brest to the Duke of Brittany [a.d. 1397J. Signed by the King, " le Roy R. S." i.e. "Richard Second." [Cotton IIS. Vesp. F. iii. f. 3.] 2. Henry IV. Letter, in French, to his Council in London, announcing that "la Dame Spenser [Constance, widow of Thomas Despencer, Earl of Gloucester] efc lez enfauntz de la Marche [Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, and Roger his brother, confined at Windsor] sount fuyez par Abyndon " on their way to Glamoi-gan and Cardiff, and ordering the arrest of a squire named Morgan, whom they had sent to Flanders and France, if he should still be in London. Dated, '' a nostre chastiell de Wynd[sor] en hast yceste dismenge matyn " [? 14 Feb. 1406]. Signed by the king, " H. R., nous prions penser de la mer." [(Jotton MS. Vesp. F. iii. f. 4.] 3. Henry V. Portion of a letter relating to the Duke of Orleans and other French prisoners taken at Agincourt in 1415, and to James I. of Scotland, captured on his way to France in 1406, as follows : — '' Furthremore I wold that ye convend with my brothre, with the chancellor, with my cosin of Northumbrelond, and my cosin of Westmorland ; and that ye set a gode ordinance for my north marches, and specialy for the Due of Orlians and for alle the remanant of my prisoners of France, and also for the K[ing] of Scotelond, for as I am secrely enfourmed by a man of ryght notable estate in this lend that there hath ben a man of the Dues of Orliance in Scotland and accorded with the Due of Albany, that this next somer he schal bryng in the maumet of Scotlond to sturre what he may, and also that ther * N.B. — When a letter or document is entii'ely in one hand it is described as Holograph. t The Manuscripts exhibited in the Qreuville Library are described on p. 121. B 2 4 lioyal Auto(jr/it<. schold be founilen weys to tlio havyng awpy specialy of the Due of Orli.ins, and also of tlio K|ingl, ns wello as of the remanant of my foi-sjiyd prysonors ; tliat God do dofende. Wherfore I wolle that the Due of Orliance bo kt^pt stillo within tlie castil of Pontfrot with owto goynj^: to Kobertis place or to any othre disport, for it is bettre he lak his disport than we were deceyved. Of alio the remanant dothe as ye thenketh." [a.d. 1419?] Holoqmph. {^Cotton MS. Vesp. F. iii. f. 5.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. i.* 4. Henry VI. Inspeximus, in Latin, confirming a grant by Queen Joanna [of Navarre, widow of Henry IV.] to Edmund Beaufort. Count of Mortain, for the term of her life, of the offices of Constal)le of Nottingham Castle and Keeper of Sher- wood Forest, 20 Jan.. 3 Hen. VI. [1425], and an assignment of the same by the said Count to Ralph, Lord Cromwell, 12 June, 12 Hen. VI. [1434], and prolonging the latter's term after the death of the Queen, if he should survive her. Dated. West- minster, 14 Feb, a° 15 [1437]. Signed at the top by the King, "R. H. nous avons grante." [^Cotton 318. Vesp. F. xiii. f. 41.] 5. Edward IV. Letter, in French, to his '' good cousin " Francis II., Duke of Brittany, praying for assistance in the recovery of his kingdom, from which he had been expelled " by the great treason which was compassed towards me " [the combination of the Earl of Warwick with the Lancastrian party, resulting in Edward's flight from England on 3 Oct. 1470J. Dated, St. Pol, 9 Jan. [1471], tsvo months before his return to England, and three months before his recovery of his kingdom by the battle of Barnet. Written l)y a secretary, with autograph signature, " voster cousyn Edowakd R." [Add. MS. 21404, f. 5,] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 1. G. Edward V. A slip of vellum [cut from a volume] containing the three inscriptions, "R. Edwardus quintus "' ; '"Loyaulteme lie. Richard Gloucestre " [Richard, Duke of Gloucester, after- wards Richard III.]; and "Souente me souenne. Harre Bokyngham "' [Heniy Stafford, Duke of Buckingham]. [Apr. — June, 1483.] [Cotton MS. Vesp. F. xiii. f. 53.] 7. Henry VII. Letter, in Latin, to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain, acknowledging the receipt of their letters in which they announce their agreementto the contract of marriage of the Princess Katherine with Arthur, Prince of Wales, and their intention of sending her to England at the end of the summer, etc. Dated, Canterbury, 20 June, 1500. Signed by the King, " Henricus R." [Egerton MS. 616, f. 19.] 8. Henry VIII. Letter to "myne awne good Cardinall" Wolsey, as follows : "I recomande me unto yow with all my hart and thanke yow for the grette payne and labour that yow do dayly take in my bysynes and maters, desyrj'ng yow (that * For a full list of facsimiles sold in the Department, with prices, see p. 154. Royal Autographs. 5 wen yow have well establyssyd them) to take summe pastyme and comfort, to the intente yow may the lenger endure to serve us, for allways payne cannott be induryd. Surly yow have so substancyally orderyd oure maters bothe off thys syde the see and byonde that in myne oppynion lityll or no thyng can be addyd . . . Wryttyn with the hand off your lovyng master, Henry E." [March, 1518.] Holograph. [Cotton MS. Vesp. F. xiii. f. 71.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 1. 9. Kathekine of Aragon, Queen of Henry VIII. Letter to the King (then in France), with the news of the battle of Flodden [9 Sept. 1513] : "To my thinking this batell hath bee to your grace and al your Eeame the grettest honor that coude bee, and more than ye shuld wyn al the crown of Fraunce : thankend bee God of it, and I am suer your grace forgeteth not to doo this, which shal be cause to sende you many moo suche grete victoiyes, as I trust he shal doo. My husband, for hastynesse with Rogecrosse [Rougecroix] I coude not sende your grace the pece of the king of Scottes cote whiche John Glyn now brtngeth ; in this your grace shal see how I can kej)e my promys, sending you for your bauers a kings cote. I thought to send hymself unto you, but our Englisshem[ens] liertes wold not suffre it . . . My lord of Surrey, my Henry, wold fayne knowe your pleasur in the burying of the king of Scottes body, . . . and with this I make an ende, praying God to sende you home shortly, for without this noo ioye here can bee accomplisshed." Dated, Woburn, 16 Sept. [1513]. Holograph. Signed, ''your humble wif and true servant, Katherina." [Cotton 318. Vesp. F. iii. f. 15.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 1. 10. Anne Boleyn, Queen of Henry VHI. Letter, written before her marriage, to Cardinal Wolsey, thanking him "for the gret payn and travell that your grace doth take in stewdyeng by your wysdome and gret dylygens howe to bryng to pas honor- ably the gretyst welth that is possyble to come to any creatour lyvyng, and in especyall remembryng howe wrecchyd and un- wrthy I am in comparyng to his hyghnes " ; and i^romising "that after this matter is brought to pas you shall fynd me, as I am bownd in the meane tym, to owe you my sei'vyse, and then looke what thyng in this woreld I can inmagen to do you pleasor in, you shall fynd me the gladdyst woman in the woreld todoyt." [1528-1529.] Holograph. [Cotton MS. Y ea^. Y. xiii. f. 73.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 2. 11. Edward VI. Letter to the Lord Protector Somerset, on receipt of the news of the victory over the Scots at Pinkie [10 Sept. 1547] : "Derest Uncle, by your lettres and reporte of the messenger, we have at good length understanded to our great comfort the good succese it hathe pleased God to graunt us against the Scottes by your good courage and wise forsight. .... So do we give unto you, good Uncle, our most hartie thankes, praying you to thanke also most hartelie in our name 6 Royal Autofiraphs. ovir goo11 assured we will not ((Jod gniunto us liof) show our selfes unmindfull, but be rody ever to consider the same as anie occasion shall serve." Dated, Oatlands. IS Sept. [ir>47]. llohgraph. Signed, "your good novew, Edward." [JAVisdoiOic 3IS. 12;i(). f. KJ. | 12. Lady Jane Gkey, as Quken. Order to Sir John Bridges and Sir Nicholas Poyntz, to levy forces "and with the same to repaire with all possible spead towardes Buckinghamshire, for the repression and subdowing of certain tumultes and rebellions moved there against us and our Crowne bj' certain seditious men." Dated, Tower of London. l-S July, "in the first yere of our reign" [1553]. Signed at the top, "Jane the Queene." [Ilarlcy 31S. 416, f. 30. 1 13. Mary. "Instructions for my lorde previsel [Lord Russell, Lord Privy Seal, sent to receive her husband, Philip of Spain, on his landing at Southampton in July, 1554]. Fyrste, to telle the Kyng the whole state of this Kealme with all thynges appartayn5'ng to the same as myche as ye know^e to be trewe. Seconde, to obey his commandment in all thynges. Thyrdly, in all thynges he shall aske your aduyse to decl[are] your opinion as becommeth a faythfuU conceyllour to do. Marye THE queke." Holograph. 'iCotton MS. Vesp. F. iii. f. 12.] 14. Elizabeth. Draft of a speech from the throne on the occa- sion of the dissolution of Parliament [2 Jan. 1507 J, rating the members for their persistence in troubling her on the questions of the succession to the Crown and the libeiiies of Parliament : "Two visars have blinded the yees of the lokers one in this present session .... and thes l)e the Succession and liberties. As to the first .... it had bine convenient that so waighty a cause had had his original! from a zelous princes considera- tion, not from so lippe labored orations out of suche iangling [this word has been cancelled] subiects mouthes, wiche what the[y] be time may teache you knowe and ther demerites wyl make them acknowelege how the[y | have done ther lewde indevour to make all my realme suppose that ther care was muche whan myne was none at all .... I think this be the first time that so waighty a cause passed from so simple mens mouthes as began this cause.'' After discriminating between various grades of aberration on the part of members, she con- cludes by advising them to "let this my displing [discipline] stand you in stede of sorar strokes never to tempt too far a princes paciens." A different version of the speech appears in Froude's History of England, vii. 484. Holograph [with signature from another document I. ^Cotton Charter, iv. 38 (2).] 15. James L Letter to Charles, Prince of Wales, ordering his return from Spain: "My dearest sonne, I sent you a comande- ment long agoe not to loose tyme quhaire ye are ; but ather to Royal Autographs. 7 bring quikelie hoame youre mistresse, quhiche is my earnist desyre ; but if no bettir maye be, rather then to linger any longer thaire, to come without her, quhiche for manie important reasons I ame now forcid to renew. And thairfor I charge you upon my blessing to come quikelie ather with her or without her, I knowe your love to her person hath enforcid you to delaye the putting in execution of my former comandement. I confesse it is my cheifest wordlie ioye that ye love her, but the necessitie of my affaires enforcith me to tell you that ye muste praeferre the obedience to a father to the love ye carrie to a mistresse. And so God blesse you. James R." Dated, Cranborne, 10 Aug. [1623]. Holograph. [Harley MS. 6987, f. 143.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 7. 16. Charles I. Letter to his nephew, Prince Maurice, stating that he has been obliged to dismiss his brother, Prince Rupert, from all his commands in the army, in consequence of his surrender of Bristol [11 Sept. 1645], but adding : " Yet I asseui-e you that I am most confident that this great Error of his (which, indeed, hath given me more Greefe then any Misfortime since this damnable Rebellion) hath no waise proceeded fi-om his change of Affection to me or my Cause, but meerly by having his Judgement seduced by some rotten-harted Villaines, making faire pretentions to him ; and I am resolved so litle to forgett his former Services, that, whensoever it shall please God to enable me to looke upon my Frends lyke a King, he shall thanke God for the paines he hath spent in my Armys." Dated, Newtoune [co. Montgomery], 20 Sept. 1645. Holograph. [Harley MS. 6988, f. 190.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 9. 17. Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles I. Letter to her son Charles [afterwards Charles II.], chiding him "because I heere that you will not take phisike," and threatening that, if he will not take it to-morrow, "I must come to you and make you take it." Lord Newcastle, his Governor, is to send word that night whether the physic has been taken [compare the following letter, no. 18]. Undated [about 1638]. Holograph. [Harley MS. 6988, f. 95.] 18. Charles II., as Prince. Letter to the Marquess of New- castle, advising him not to take too much physic, "for it doth allwaies make me worse, and I think it will do the like with you." Undated [about 1638]. Holograph. [ Harley MS. ^988, f. 101.] 19. Oliver Cromwell. Letter to his wife, referring to their daughter Bettie [Elizabeth ClaypoleJ and other members of their family : " I praise the Lord I ain encreased in strength in my outward man, but that will not sntisfie mee except I gett a heart to love and serve my heavenly Father better and gett more of the light of his countenance, which is better then life, and more power over my corruptions .... Minde poore Bettie of the Lords late great mercye. Oh, I desire her not only to 8 Jioyal Autographs. sooke tlu' Lord in hor necossityo, Imt indeed and in truth to turne to tlio Lord and ti) kot-po closse to him," etc. Dated, | EdinhiiigliJ, 12 Apr. 1 (•>■)!. lloloijraph. {Kgcrim jVS. 2()20, f. 9.] •JO. OiiARi-Ks II. Letter to Sir George Downing, English Ambas- sador at the Hague, giving instructions for his conduct: "I have thought fitt to send you my last minde upon the hinge of your whole negotiation and in my owne hand, that you may likewise know it is your part to obey punctually my orders, instead of j)utting yourselfe to the trouble of finding reasons why you do not do so. . . . But upon the whole mattoi- you must allwaies know my minde and resolution is, not only to insist upon the haveing my flag saluted even on there very shoare (as it was alwaies practised) but in haveing my dominion of these seas asserted, and Van Guent exemplarily punished." Dated, Whitehall, IGJan. 167^. Holograph. '{Stowe MS. 142, f. 84.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 8. 21. James II. Letter to William Henry, Prince of Orange, referring to the complicity of certain of the magistrates of Amsterdam in the Duke of Monmouth's rebellion, whose names he would transmit : " When I can gett any authentike proffs against them, I shall lett you have it, which I feare will be hard to be gott, tho tis certaine some of them knew of the D[uke] of Mon[mouth's] designe." Dated, Windsor, 25 Aug. 1685. IlolofirapJi. [Add. 318. 28103, f. 68.] 22. William III. Letter, in French, to the Prince de Yaudemont, touching on the prospects of the campaign and the progress of the siege of Namur: "L'on va ouvrir la trenchee cette nuit du coste de S^ Nicola," etc. Dated, "Au Camp devant Namur, ce lie (3e Juilliet, 1695, au soir a 9 eures." Holograph. [Add. MS. 21493, f. 5.] 23. Mary II. Letter to the Countess of Scarborough, announcing the news of the battle of Steinkirk [24 July, 1692] : " The first I a.sked after when y^ news of y^ batle came was your Lord and, finding him not mentioned in any of y^ leters, take it for y best signe, for there is an exact acount come, so much as of y« Lieutenants of y^' gards who are eithere wounded or kild, by which, tho you shoud hapen to have no leter, yet j^ou may be sure he is well. I thank God y^ King is so, and, tho we have got no victory, yet y*^ french have had an equal losse, so y* thay need not brag. We have great reason to thank God for thus much Your afectionate kind friend, Marie E, The batle was fought Sunday last, from 9 till 6." Dated, Kensington. 29 July, 1692, '-12 at night." Holograph. [Add. MS. 20731, f. 6.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 11. 24. Anne. Letter to the Marquess of Tweeddale [Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland], regretting the failure of his negotiations with the Scotch Parliament for the settlement of the succession to the Crown of Scotland, and expressing her intention of not employing those for the future Royal Autographs. 9 who have opposed and obstructed his endeavours for her service. Dated, Windsor, 24 July, 1704. lloJograpli [with signature from anotlier letter]. [Stoivc MS. 142, f. 99.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 12. 25. George I. Letter, in French, to the Emjieror Charles VI. on the occasion of sending Abraham Stanian as Ambassador to Constantinople. Dated, Hampton Court, 17 Oct. 1717. Holo- ijrapli. [Add. MS. 2204(5, f. 4.S.J 26. George II. Letter to Thomas Pelham-Holles, Duke of New- castle, on the formation of the Ministry, which the Duke had undertaken after the dismissal of Pitt from office [6 April, 1757] : " If Pitt will come in M'ith a great number of followers, it is impossible you can direct the Administration, and I know that by inclination he will distress my affairs abroad, which are so enough allready." Dated. 4 June [1757]. Hologrcquli. Eventually Pitt returned to office as Secretary of State under Newcastle, and the victories of the Seven Years' War were the result. [Add. MS. 32684, f. 100.] Presented, in 1886, by the Earl of Chichester. Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 13. 27. George III. Paragraph written out by himself for insertion in his first Si^eech from the Throne : — " Born and educated in this country, I glory in the name of Britain ; and the peculiar happiness of my life will ever consist in promoting the welfare of a people whose loyalty and warm affection to me I consider as the greatest and most permanent security of my Throne." [15 Nov. 1760.] IIolo(jraph. [Add. MS. 32684, f. 121.] Presented, in 1886, hn the Earl of Chichester. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 16. 28. George IV. Letter to Louis XVIII., King of France, an- nouncing the death of King George III. and his own acces- sion to the throne. Dated, Carlton House, 31 Jan. 1820. Signed by the King : and countersigned by [Robert Stewart,] Viscount Castlereagh, Secretary of State. [Add. MS. 24023, f. 60.] 29. William IV. Codicil to the King's will, bequeathing to the Crown all his additions to the libraries in the several royal palaces ; 10 July, 1833. With an autograph, confirmation, signed and sealed by the King, declaring "that all the Books, Draw- ings, and Plans collected in all the Palaces shall /or wcr continue Heir-looms to the Crown, and on no pretence whatever to be alienated from the Crown." Dated, Brighton, 30 Nov. 1834. [Add. MS. 30170, f. 8.] 30. Victoria. Autograph Signature, written in pencil, when Princess Victoria, at the age of four years. [1823.] [Add. MS. 18204, f. 12.] 31. Victoria. Summons to Dr. Samuel [Butler], Bishop of Lich- field, to attend her Coronation. Dated, St. James's, 9 May, 1838. Signed by the Queen ; and countersigned by | Bernard Edward Howard,] Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marshal. | Add. MS. 12093, f. 26.] 10 Royal Autographs. (FOREIGN.) 3-. Charles V., Emperor [ 1 510-1555 ]. Letter, in Frcndi, to Queen Mury of Enj);ljind. expressing liis desire to see his son I'hilip, her husband [to whom he was on tljo point of resigning tlie crown of Spain |. lie refers to delays in the necessary arrangements, but adds that he has now instructed Philip to hasten his journey from England : " Je luy ay escrit pour haster sa venue, laquelle je vous prie tres afectueusenient vouloyr auoyr agreable " : and apologises for depriving her of IMiilip's com- pany, " puis que je voys le contentment que vous aves dicelle, mays jespero que vous vous y acomederes, puis que ce sera, sil plait a Dieu, pour pen de tamps." (1555. J IlolocfrapJt. Signed "Votre bon pere, frere, cousin et alye, Ciiakles." [C'o^/ow MS. Titus B. ii. f. 12G.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. IG. 33. Hexky IV., King of Navarre and France [ISSO-IGIO J. Letter, in French, to Mons. de Turenne, announcing his departure for La Rochelle and the expected attack on Mauleon b)' the Due de Nevers. [? October, 1588.] Ilolograiih. Signed, " Votre tresa- fectyone cousyn et parfayt amy, Henry." [Add. MS. 19272, f. 53. J 34. Louis XIV., King of France [1643-1715]. Letter, in French, to Mary of Modena, Queen of James II., congratulating her on the birth of a prince [.James Edward, afterwards known as the Pretender] : " J'ai souhaite si ardemment Theureuse naissance du prince dont vous venes d'accoucher que j'oze dire que per- sonne n'en sauroit avoir plus de joye que moy . . . rien n'est plus veritable que la part que prend a tout ce (jui vous touche vostre bon frere, Louis." Dated, Versailles, 24 June, 1688. Holof/raph. [Add. MS. 28225, f. 279.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 18. 35. Peter the Great, Czar of Russia [1682-1725 1. Letter, in Iiussian, to Mr. Noy, ship-builder, in St. Petersburg, instructing him to put a ship in order '' so as she came from England," with postscript. " I desire you will pay my comi)liments to all our fellow ship-builders and the rest." Dated, Colomna, 16 May, 1722. IMociraph . Signed, ' ^ Peter. " [^1 (/(/. MS. 50 1 5 % f . 98. ] 36. Frederic the Great, King of Prussia [1740-1786]. Essay, in French, on the military talents of Charles XII., Kingof Sweden, sent by Frederic, in July. 1757, to Andrew Mitchell, English Ambassador at Berlin in 1756-1763. Among the concluding I)assages are : " Si Ion raproche les diferent traits qui caracteris- .sent ce Monarque singuiller, on le trouvera plus vaillant qu'habile, plus actif que prudant, plus soumi a ses passions qu'atache a ses interets, ausi audacieux, mais moins russe, qu'Hanibal, tenant plus de Pirhus que d'Allexsandre, aiisi brillant que Conde a Kocroy, a Norlingue, a Fribour, en aucun tems ausi admirable que Turene la journee de Guin, cela de Colraar et durant ses dernieres campagnes. . . . Pour former un Royal Autograplii^. 11 parfait capitaine il faudroit qu'il reunit la valeur, la Constance, I'activite de Charles xii., le coup d'oeuil et la politique de Malbouroug, les projets, les resources, et les exspediants du prince Eugene, les ruses de Luxsenbourg, la prudence, la sagesse, la metode de Montecuculi, ft I'apropos de monsieur de Turene. Mais je crains que ce beau fenix ne paraitra jamais." Ends "Finis operi Federicum." Holograjyh. [Add. MS. 6845, f. 15.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 16. 37. Napoleon I., Emperor of the French [1804-1815]. Letter to his brother, Joseph Bonaparte, in Paris, written while in command of the French expedition in Egypt, the victories of which had been suflBciently disputed " to add a leaf to the military glory of this army." He expresses, however, his intention of returning to France in two months, and of retiring to the country in disgust with the world : " Je suis annuie de la nature humaine ! J'ai besoin de solitude et d'isolement ; la grandeur m'annuie, le sentiment est deseche, la gloire est fade ; a 29 ans j'ai tout epuise ; il ne me reste plus qu'a deveuir bien vraiment egoiste." Dated, Cairo, TThermidor [25 July, 1798]. Holograph, without signature, but with seal bearing the inscrip- tion, " Bonaparte general en chef." A week later the French fleet was destroyed by Nelson in the battle of the Nile ; the letter was intercepted, and is endorsed in Nelson's hand, "Found on the person of the Courier." [Add. MS. 23003, f. 3.] Fac- simile in Ser. ii. no. 17. ( 12 ) HISTORICAL AUTOGRAPHS AND PAPERS. Case II. 38. Henry VI. Articles '" For ye goode Reule, demesnyng, and seuretee of ye kynges pei'sone and draught of him to vertue and connyng and eschuying of eny thing that mighte yeve empesche- ment or let thereto, or cause eny charge, defaulte or blame to be leyd ujion ye Erie ofWarrewyk [Richard de Beauchamp] at eny tyme withouten his desert ": being a series of proposals made by the Earl, as Royal Guardian, to the Privy Council, with their answers to the same ; 29 Nov. 11 Henr. VI. [1432J. The king was just comi)leting liis eleventh year. The fourth article is to the eftect that, as the king's growth in years, in stature and in knowledge of his royal authority "causen him more and more to grucche with chastising and to lothe it," the Earl begs the Coinicil to suppoi-t him, if necessary, in his chastisement of his pupil, and to bear him scatheless against his anger. At the foot are the signatures of the Council ; — H[umphrey Plantagenet, Duke of] Gloucester; J[ohn Kemp, Archbishop ofj York ; P[hilip Morgan, Bishop of J Ely ; W[illiam Grey, Bishop of] Lincoln ; J[ohn Stafford, Bishop of] Bath, Chancellor; Jfohn Langdon, Bishoj) of] Rochester; J[ohn Holland, Earl of] Huntingdon; [William de la Pole, Earl of] Suffolk ; and H[umphrey Stafford, Earl of] Stafford. [Add. Ch. 17228.] 39. Pi:rkix Wakbeck, pretended son of Edward IV. Letter to Barnard de la Force. Knt., at Fontarabia, in Spain, desiring him to be his " counseillour and ffrende,"as he had been to his father Edward IV. Dated, Edinburgh, 18 Oct. [1496]. Signed, "Your frend Rychaku off England." [Egerton MS. 616, f. 5.] 40. Cardinal WoLSEY [b. 1471 — d. 1530]. Letter written after his di-sgrace to Stephen [Gardiner, afterwards Bishop of Winchester], making arrangements respecting appointments in the province of York, and continuing, '• that sythyns in thys and all other thynges I have and do moste ol^edyently submyt and conforme my sylf to hys graces pleasure," he trusts "yt wole now please his maieste to shewe hys pety, compassyon, and bowntuose Historical Autographs and Papers. 13 goodnes towardes me without sufferyng me any leynger to lye langwyshyng and consumyng awey throwth thys myn extreme sorowe and hevynes." " Wryttyne at Asher [Esher] thys twysday [Feb. or March, 1530] with the rude hand of your dayly bedys- man, T[homas] Cardinalis Ebor." Holograph. [^Add. MS. 25114, f. 28.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no, 3. 41. Sir Thomas More [b. 1480— d. 1585]. Letter to Henry VIIL, reminding him that "at such tyme as of that great weighty rome and office of your chauncellour .... ye were so good and graciouse unto me as, at my pore humble suit, to discharge and disburden me, geving me licence with your graciouse favour to bestow the residew of my life, in myn age now to come, abowt the provision for my soule in the service of God," he had the promise of his favour; and now praying "that of your accustumed goodnes no sinistre information move your noble grace to have eny more distruste of my trouth and devo- tion toward you than I have or shall duryng my life geve the cause"; that in the matter of "the wykked woman of Canter- bury " [Elizabeth Barton, the Maid of Kent] he had declared the truth to Cromwell ; that, if the King believes him guilty, he is ready to forfeit life and fortune, his compensation being that, "I shold onys mete with your grace agayn in hevyn and there be mery with you," but that, if the King thinks that he has acted according to duty, he will relieve him from the Bill brought against him in Parliament. Dated, " at my pore howse in Chelchith" [Chelsea], 5 March [1534]. Holograph. [Cotton MS. Cleopatra E. vi. f. 176.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 1. 42. Henry VIII, Instructions to the Commissioners for making a survey and valuation of all Church property within the realm. [Jan. 1535]. With autograph signature of the King. This survey, known as the ' Valor Ecclesiasticus,' was made in pur- suance of the acts of Parliament forbidding the payment of first-fruits and tithes of benefices to the Pope, and granting them to the King. It also served as a basis for the subsequent dissolution of the smaller monasteries in 1536 and the larger in 1538, and the confiscation of their property to the Crown. [Cotton MS. Cleopatra E. iv. f. 200.] 43. Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury [b. 1489 — d. 1556]. Letter to [Thomas, Lord Cromwell], thanking him "that your Lordeship at my requeste hath not only exhibited the Bible [in English, known as Matthew's Bible] which I sent unto you to the Kinges maiestie, but also hath obteigned of his grace that the same shalbe alowed by his auctoritie to be bowghte and redde within this realme , . . assuryng your Lordeship for the contentacion of my mynde you have shewid me more pleasour herin than yf you hadd given me a thowsande pownde." Dated, Ford, 13 Aug. [1537]. Signed, "Your own bowndman ever, T. Cantuarien." [Cotton MS. Cleopatra E. v. f. 348.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 2. 14 }[idorl-(), i. hQ.] 52. Mary, Queen of Scots. Letter, in French, to Queen Elizabeth, complaining of the rigour of her imprisonment: "Bien que je ne veuille vous importuner de ce qui concerne mon estat, laquele conoissant vous ettre si peu chere je remets a la misercorde de Dieu . . . . je vous priray aussi (a ce forcee par le zelle de ma consience) de me permettre avvoir ung prestre de lesglise cato- lique, de la quelle je suis membre, pour me consoller et sollisiter de mon devvoyr ; lesquelles resquestes acordees, je priray Dieu et en prison et en mourant de rendre vottre cueur tel qui luy puisse estre agreable et a vous salutayre, et si j'en suis refeusee je vous laysse la charge den respondre devvant Dieu. ... II me reste encores vous fayre une autre resqueste de peu d'iraportence K't Ilititoricdl Aiil(>fir(i/)/is a. ml Papers. pour vous pt dextrosrae c-onsolalion pour moy, cest quil vous playso, ayant pitiay dune desoleo mere d'entre les l^ras de qui on a anvsclu' son soul enfant et esporance de future joye en ce nionde, nio porinetro detrire a tout lo moingns lettres ouvertes pour niVmiuerir a la veritay do ces nouvollos et luy ramontevoir sa triste mere," Dated, " de men estroite prison de Chefild " [Sheffield], 29 Oct. [1571]. llohvimph. Signed, "Votre bien bonne soeur et fcousine] Maiue K." [^Cotton MS. Caligula C. iii. f, 2oO b,] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 5. 53. William Cfxil, Lokd Buughlky [b. 1520— d. 1598]. Letter to Sir Christopher Hatton concerning the trial of Anthony Baliington for conspiring to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and release Mary, Queen of Scots, delivering Elizabeth's pleasure with regard to the evidence to be given as to the complicity of Mary, namely "that ther be no enlargment of hir cryme, butt brefily declared for mayntenance of the endyttment that she allowed of Babyngtons wrytyng or lettre ; nether wold she that ether by my L. Cobham, your self, or by any other, any sharp speches be used in condemnation or reprooff of the Scotts Quene cryme." Dated, 12 Sept. 1 1586, the day ])efore the trial]. Holo- (jraph. [Egerton MS. 2124, f. 30.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 5. 54. Mary, Queen of Scots. Rough sketch ]>y Lord Burghley of the arrangement of the hall of Fotheringhay Castle for the Queen's trial, on 12 Oct. 1586, the " chayre for ye Q. of Scotts " l)eing placed in the centre just above a dividing rail across the hall. {Cotton MS Calig. C. ix. f. 587.] 55. James VI. of Scotland. Letter to Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, congratulating him on his absence from England at the time of " the pretendit condemnation '" of his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots, and desiring him to exert his influence that '"the rest of this tragedie may be unperfytid." Dated, Holy- rood House, 4 Dec. 1586. Holograph. [Add. 3IS. 32092, f. 56.] 56. Mary, Queen of Scots. An account of her execution at Fotlieringhay, 8 Feb. 158^, sent to Lord Burghley and endorsed by him '" The manner of ye Q. of Scotts detli at Fodrynghay, wr[itten] by Ro[bert] Wy[ngfield]." The final scene is thus described: "Then lying upon the blocke most quietly and stretching out her armes [she] cryed, 'In manus tuas Domine,' etc., three or fowre tymes, then she lying very still on the blocke, one of the executioners holding of her slitely with one of his handes, she endured two strokes of the other executioner with an axe, she making very smale noyse or none at all, and not Stirling any parte of her from the place where she lay .... Then one of the executioners es^jied her litle dogg which was crept under her clothes, which could not be gotten forth but by force, yet afterward wold not departe from the dead corpes but came and lay betweene her head and her shoulders." [Lans- dott-ne iJ/.S'. 51, fF. 99-102.] 57. The Spanish Armada. Resolution of a Council of War of p. 16, no. 57. ^--P c->-,ya ii ( ' '■ ( ^ r^ ^ ENGLISH COMMANDERS AGAINST THE ARMADA. Histofical Autographs and Papers. 17 the English commanders, after the defeat of the Armada off Gravelines : " 1 Augusti, 1588. We whose names are herunder written have determyned and agreede in counsaile to folowe and pursue the Spanishe Fleete untill we have cleared oure owne coaste and broughte the Frithe weste of us, and then to returne backe againe, as well to revictuall oure ships (which stand in extreme scarsitie) as alsoe to guard and defend oure owne coaste at home ; with fui'ther protestatione that, if oure wantes of victualles and munitione were suppliede, we wold pursue them to the furthest that they durste have gone." Signed by C[harles Howard, Lord] Howard [of Effingham, Lord High Admiral], George [Clifford. Earl of] Cumberland, [Lord] T[homas] Howard, Edmund [Sheffield, Lord] Sheffield, [Sir] Francis Drake, [Sir] Edward Hoby, [Sir] John Hawkins, and [Capt.] Thomas Fenner. \_Adcl. MS. 33740, f. 6.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 6.] 58. Sir Walter Ealegh [b. 1552 ?— d. 1618]. Letter to Eobert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, Governor of the Low Countries for Queen Elizabeth, protesting his zeal in the performance of his commissions : "But I have byn of late very jjestilent reported in this place, to be rather a drawer bake then a fartherer of the action wher yow govern. Your Lordshipe doth well understand my affection towards Spayn and how I have consumed the best part of my fortune hating the tirranus sprosperety of that estate, and it were now Strang and mounsterous that I should becum an enemy to my countrey and conscience ... In the mean tyme I humble beseich yow lett no poeticall scrib worke your Lordshipe by any device to doubt that I am a hollo or could sai-vant to the action, or a mean wellwiller and follower of your own." Dated, "from the Court," 29 March, 1586. In a postscript Ralegh adds, "The Queen is in very good tearms with yow, and, thank be to God, well pacified, and yow ar agayne her sweet Robyn." Holograph. [Harley MS. 6994, f. 2.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 6. 59. Sir Francis Drake [b. 1540 — d. 1596] and Sir John Hawkins [b. 1520 — d. 1595]. Letter to Lord Burghley on the eve of their departure on their last voyage, the expedition against Porto Rico : " We humbly thanke your lordship for your many- fold favours, which we have allwayes fownd never varyable, but with all favour, love, and constancye, for which we can never be suffycyently thankfull, but with our prayers to God long to blesse your good lordship with honour and hellthe. . . . And so lokyng daylye for a good wynd, we humbly take our leve." Dated, Plymouth, 18 Aug. 1595. Neither returned from this voyage, Hawkins dying oft' Porto Rico on 11 Nov. 1595, and Drake off Porto Bello on 28 Jan. 1596. Autograph signatures. [IJarleij MS. 4762, f. 84.] 18 Jlistorica/ Actof/rajJiti a'iui Paj^ers. Case III. [Immodiatoly opposite Case II.] 60. Sir Francis Bacon [b. 15tU— d. 1626]. Lettor to Lord Keeper Puckering, with reference to the office of Solicitor- General, which he was anxious to obtain : "Thear hath nothing hapi^ened to lue in the course of my biisines more contrary to my ex]>ectucion then your L[ordship] failing me and crossing me now in the conclusion when frendes are best tryed. . . . And I for my part thowgh I have much to alledg, j'^et neverthelesse, if I see her Ma[jesty| settle her choise upon an able man, such a one as Mr. Sergeuunt Flemyng, I will make no means to alter it. On the other side, if I perceyve any insufficient obscure idole man offred to her Ma[jesty], then I thinke my self dowble bownd to use the best meanes I can for my self, w^hich I humbly pray your L[ordshii)] I may do with your favour," Dated, Gray's Inn, 28 July, 1595, Holograph. Fleming was appointed, and Bacon did not become Solicitor- General until 1607, [HurJey MS. 6997, f. 72.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 6. 61. Queen Elizabeth. Letter to James VI, of Scotland [after- wards James I, of England ], vehemently repelling some charges brought against her policy by the King of Spain, and warning him against believing them. She begins, " Hit pleaseth me not a litel that my true intentz without glosis or giles ar by you so gratefully taken, for I am nothinge of the vile disposition of suche as while ther neghbors house is or likly to be alire \vyl not only not helpe but not afourd them water to quenche the same " ; and ends, " Thus you se how, to fulfil your trust reposed in me. wiche to infring I never mynde, I have sincerely made patente my sinceritie, and thogh not fraught with much wisedome yet stuffed with great good wyl, I hope you wyl beare with my molesting you to long with my skrating hand, as preceding from a hart that shall ever be filled with the sure affection of your loving and frendely sistar, Elizabeth," [5 Jan, 160.3, two months before her death,] Holograph. [Add. MS. 187.38, f, 39.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no, 7. 62. Robert Cecil, Earl of Salisbury, Secretary of State [b. 1550 — d, 1612]. Letter to Sir T, Edmondes, ambassador at Brussels, giving a detailed account of the discovery of the Gun- powder Plot, '' the most cruel! and detestable practize against the person of his Majestie and the whole Estate of this Realme that ever was conceaved by the harte of man, at any time, or in any place whatsoever. , . , The person that was the principal! undertaker of it is one .Johnson " [the assumed name of Guy Fawke.s] "a Yorkshire man and servant to one Thomas Percye. , . . I must needs do the Lord Chamberlain " [the Ear! of Suffolk] ' ' his right, that hee would take noe satisfaction iintil! hee might search to the bottorae, wherein I must confesse I was Historical Avbtograijlis and Papers. 19 lesse forward, not but that I had sufficient advertisement that most of those that now are fled had some practize in hande for some sturre this pai'liament, but I never dreamed it should have bin of such a nature, because I never red nor heard the like in any state to be attempted in grosse, without some distinction of persons." Dated, Whitehall, 9 Nov. 1605. Autograph BignsiinYe. [Stowe MS. 168, f. 213.] 63. Arabella Stuart. Letter to her cousin James I., after her arrest for marrying William Seymour, thanking him for a relaxation of her imprisonment and begging for his favour : . . . " And since it hath pleased your Majesty to give this testimony of willingnesse to have me live a while, in all humility I begge the restitution of those comforts without which every houre of my life is discomfortable to me, the principall whearof is your Majestys favour, which none that breathes can more highely esteeme then I." [1610.] Holograph. [ifaWe?/ J/^. 7003, f. 89.] 64. Thomas Wentworth, Viscount Wentworth, afterwards Earl OF Strafford [b. 1593 — d. 1611]. Letter, as Lord Deputy of Ireland, to the Earl of Carlisle, explaining his difficulties, arising from the attemj^ts of his subordinates to keep all knowledge from him : *' I am purposed on the other side to oy)en my eyes as wide as I can, and dispaire not in time to be able to sounde the depthe they covett soe much to reserve from me. .... I shall be sure to doe the uttermost that lies in me, for I have a hartte can willingly sacrifise all that ever I have for his Majesty (if I doe not deceave myself) with a chearfullnesse and faithe extra- ordinary, only I am fearefull that, whilst impossibilities are exspected at my hands, the best I can doe should not be accepted, nay imputed unto me as a crime." Dated, Dublin, 27 Aug. 1633. Holograph. [Egerton MS. 2597, f. 150.] Fac- simile in Ser. ii. no. 8. 65. William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury [b. 1573 — d. 1645]. Letter to Lord Conway, with reference to the Scotch invasion : " If the Scotts come into England and that Newecastle be taken, I will not dare to wright what I thinke of y® busynes. But if they gett such footinge in y*-' North, the South beinge affected, or rather infected, as they ar, it may prove that which I beleeve y*^ Enimye yett expects not God send us well out of these darke tymes." Dated, Croydon, 14 Aug. 1640. Holograph. [Add. MS. 21406, f. 13.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 7. 66. Charles I. Instructions to Sir Edward Herbert, Attorney- General, relative to the impeachment of Lord Kimbolton [Viscount Mandeville] and the Five Members [3 Jan. 164|]. Holograph. It is evident that Mandeville's impeachment was an afterthought, the King having at first, as appears from the erasures, included his name among the peers whom he intended to call as witnesses. [Egerton MS. 2546, f. 20.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 8. C 2 20 Jliftoi'ical Autogrixpht< (uiii Pajicvf^. (>7. Edwaki) IIydi:. iifterwaids Eaki, ok Clap.kndon [b. 1608 — d. l(>74j. Letter to tho Countess of Carnarvon, on the ove of the Civil War, urging her to secure tlie adliesion of an unnamed person [probably her father, the Earl of Pembroke] to the royal cause: "Tis not possible for me to say more in the argument to him then I have, nor can I imagyne what ill sjnritt can engage him thus to venture his fortune and his fame, his honour and the honour of his house, in a vessell where none l)ut desperate persons have the governient I know not what argument they have at London for ther confidence, but truly they seeme to have very few frendes in these i)artes, and 1 doe not thinke ther condicion is much better in other places. .... I am not yet out of hope of kissinge your Ladyshyps handes before the summer endes." Dated, Nottingham, 22 July, 1G42. Holograph. \Stowe3IS. 142, f. 47.] 68. JoHX Hampden [b. 1594— d. 164.'i]. Letter to Colonel Bulstrode and others commanding parliamentary troops, written a few days after the battle of Edgehill [23 Oct.], which was followed by the retreat of the Parliamentarian army: ''The army is now at North Hampton, moving every day nearer to you. If you disband not, wee may be a mutuall succour, each to other ; but. if you disperse, you make yourselves and your country a pray." Dated, Noi-thampton, 31 Oct. [1642]. [Stowe MS. 142, f. 49.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 8. 69. John Pym [b. 1584— d. 1643]. Letter to Sir Thomas Barrington, on the fall of Bristol and the efforts being made to save Gloucester: '"It is true that Bristow is a great loss, and may endanger all the west if not quickly prevented, and there- for wee use all the meanes we can to raise a considerable army to send into those partes In the North, God be thanckd, matters goe reasonable prosperously. Col. Cromwell in the taking of Burlye House [Burghley House, in Lincolnshire! took 5 troups of Horse, 3 of Dragoones, 3 companyes of foot. Since that they have beaten Generall Kings forces before Gains- Ijoroughe, and if my L[ord] of Newcastles whole army had not come upon them in the very instant, they had had a more compleat victory. Wee are studiying all the ways we can to save Gloucester, Exeter and the other western townes now in danger upon the loss of Bristowe." Dated, Westminster. 2 Aug. 1643 [four months before his death]. Holograph. [Egerton MS. 2643, f. 13 b.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 9. 70. James Graham, Marquess of Montrose [b. 1612— d, 1650]. Letter to Lord Fairfax, with reference to an exchange of prisoners : '• Mr. Darly being ane parlament man and on[e] that hitherto lies beane much imployed and wery usefull to your party, and the other only in the degree of a Cornell, bot admitt of the odes [i.e. odds], iff your l[ordship] will dispeut it, the difference shall ha maide uj). Iff otherwayes you will be rather gallantly pleased to make it a curtesye, ane wery thankfull and p. 21 , no. 7 1. 0' " ^ '^F ^IK -^ ,./;^^ /'^^ --^ r^ ^^' ^ /a' OLIVER CROMWELL. Hibtorlcal Autographs and Papers. 21 acceptable returne shall, I hope, (er long) be randered your l[ordship]." Dated, 22 July, 1644. Holograph. [Sloanti MS. 1519, f. 78.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 4. 71. Oliver Cromwell. Letter to William Lenthall, Speaker of the House of Commons, reporting the victory of Naseby : "Wee after 3 howers fight, very doubtful, att last routed his [the King's] Armie, killed and tooke about 5000, very many officers, but of what quallitye wee yett know not, wee tooke alsoe about 200 carragfes], all hee had, and all his gunns. . . Sir, this is non[e] other but the hand of God, and to him aloane belongs the Glorie." After high commendations of the General, Sir T. Fairfax, Cromwell proceeds : '' Honest men served you faythfully in this action. Sir, they are trustye, I beseech you in the name of God not to discorage them. I wish this action may begett thankfullnesse and humilitye in all that are concerned in itt. Hee that venters his life for the libertye of his cuntrie, I wish hee trust God for the libertye of his conscience, and you for the libertye hee fights for." Dated, Haverbrowe [Market Har- borough], 14 June, 1645 [the day of the battle]. Holograph. [Add. MS. 5015,* f. 13.] Presented, in 1758, hj Mr. Wright. Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 5. 72. Prince Rupert [b. 1619— d. 1682]. Letter to Sir Edward Nicholas, Secretary of State, referring to aspersions upon him as being unfavourable to open counsels ; and on militaiy move- ments : "As for military disignes y® king will faile, as [he] ded last, if he [trust] not to his officers opinions." Dated, Bristol, 5 July, [1645J. Holograph ; partly in cipher, with decipherings by Sir E. Nicholas. [Add. MS. 18738, f. 80.] 73. Sir Thomas Fairfax, afterwards Lord Fairfax [b. 1612 — d. 1671]. Letter, written while Generalissimo of the Parlia- mentarian army, to his father, reporting his defeat of Goring 's army at Langport [10 July, 1645, about a month after Naseby] : " I have taken this occasion to let your Lordship know God's great goodnes to us in defeating Gen. Goring's army: 2000 prisoners are taken, 2 peeces of ordinance, many armes and coulers [colours] both of horse and foot, but not many slaine. . . . The King had given Gooring strickt commands not to ingage befor himselfe with the Welch forces were joynd with him and Greenwel with those out of the West, which altogether would have maid [a] very great army .... so as we cannot esteme this marcy less, al things considerd, then that of Neasby fight." Dated, Chedsey, 11 July, 1645. Holograph. [Add. MS. 18979, f. 204.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 6. 74. Charles I. Letter, when prisoner at Carisbrooke, to Henry Firebrace, relative to plans for his escape, etc. Dated, 24 July. 1648. Written, partly in cipher, in a feigned hand, speaking of himself in the tliird person. Holograph. [Fgerton MS. 1788, f. 34.] 75. Oliver Cromwell. Letter during his Irish campaign to Lord 22 Ilidorlcal Autographti ((vd Papers. Fairfax, congratulating:; him «>n "the prosperityo of your affaires, whoriu the j^ood of all honest men is soe much concerned,"' and announcing the cai)ture of Wexford : "The Lord shewes us great mercye heere, indeed I lee. llee only gave this stronge towne of Wexford into our handes." Dated. Wexford, 15 Oct. 1G41). Holo- graph. [I'jucrtoii BIS. 2()'20, f. 7.] Facsimile in Her. i. no. 9. 76. Geokoe Mon'Ck, afterwards Duke or Alrehaklk | h. 1G08 — d. l()7(t] and Kobert Bi,ake | b. 1599— d. 15<)7j. Official des- patch to Cromwell as Lord General, announcing their victory over the Dutcli off the coast of Essex on 2 and -''. June, 1(553, in which the Dutch lost about twenty ships, of which eleven were captured. Dated at sea, off Ostend, 4 June, 1053, Autograph signatures. [^Add. MS. 36652, f. 3. | 77. Oliver Cromwell. Order of the Council of State requiring the presence and assistance of the Lord Mayor and the Aldermen of the City of London on the 19th December [ 1653] at the procla- mation of "his Highness Oliver Cromwell " as "Lord Protector of the Common Wealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland and the Dominions therunto belonging." Dated, Whitehall, 17 Dec. 1653. With the aidograph signatures of the members of the Council of State, John Disbrowe [or Desborough], J[ohn] Lambert, P[hilip, Viscount] Lisle [afterw^^rds Earl of Leicester], E[dwardJ Mountagu [afterwards Earl of Sandwich], [Sir] Gil[bert] Pickering, Wal[ter] Strickland, Phi[lip] Jones, Eiclhard] Maijor, F[rancisJ Rous, W[illiam] Sydenham, [Sir] Ch[arles] Wolseley, [Sir] An[thony] Ashley Cooper [afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury], and He[my] Lawrence. [A dd. MS. 18739, f. 1.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 8. 78. Oliver Cromwell and John Milton. Warrant to Gualter Frost, Treasurer to the Council of State, to pay a quarters salary to various persons. Dated, Whitehall, 1 Jan. 165|. With axitograph signature of Cromwell as Lord Protector, "Oliver P." Appended are the receipts, with the aidograpJt signatures of the persons concerned, among them being John Thurloe, principal Secretary to the Council of State (quarter s salary £200), and John Milton, Secretary for Foreign Tongues (quarter's salary £72 4s. 71 d). [Stoice MS. 142, tt^ 60, 61. | 79. Robert Blake [b. 1599 — d. 1657]. Letter, as General in com- mand of the fleet, to the Commissioners for the Admiralty and Navy, on the eve of his departure for the Mediterranean, asking for the payment of his salary " unto the day of the date hereof, it being uncertain whether I may live to see you againe another. Howere my comfort is and I doubt not but wee shall meet together at the last day in the joyfull fruition of that One Faith and Hope of the common salvacion in the Lord, upon whome alone 1 do waite and to whose free grace and everlasting goodnes I do heartily recommend you." Dated, Plymouth, 25 Aug. 1654. Holograph. ^Add. MS. 9304, f. 89,] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 9. Historical Autographs and Papers. 23 SO. Richard Cromwell, late Lord Protector of England. Letter to General George Monck, asking his interest with the Parlia- ment " tliat I bee not left liable to debts which I am confident neither God nor Conscience can ever reckon mine." Dated, 18 Apr. 1660. Signed, '' R. Cromwell." \Egeiion MS. 2618, f. 67.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 10. 81. Charles II. Letter, in French, to his sister Henrietta, after- wards Duchess of Orleans, written the day after the Restoration : " J'estois si tourmente des affaires a la haye [Hague] que je ne pouvois pas vous escrire devant mon depart, mais j'ay laisse ordre avec ma soeur de vous envoyer un petit present de ma part, que j'espere vous reeeveres bien tost. J'arrivay hire a douer [Dover], ou j'ay trouvay Monke avec grande quantite de noblesse, qui m'ont pense acable d'amitie et de ioye pour mon retour. J'ay la test si furieusement etourdy par I'acclamation du peuple et le quantite d'affaires que je ne scay si j'escrive du sen ou non ; s'est pour quoy vous me pardonneres si je ne vous dy pas davantage, seulement que je suis tout a vous. C." Dated, Canterbury, 26 May, [1660]. Holograph. [Add. MS. 18738, f. 102.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 10. 82. Charles II. Speech to the Members of the House of Commons, in the Banqueting Hall at Whitehall, 1 March, 166|, thanking them for their zeal and affection, urging them to settle a liberal revenue on the Crown, and warning them against precipitation and impatience in the matter of religion : ''I thank you for it, since I presume it proceedes from a good roote of piety and devotion, but I must tell you I have the worst lucke in the world, if, after all the reproches of being a papist Avhilst I was abroade, I am suspected of being a presbiterian now I am come home." Holograph. [Egerton 31 S. 2546, f. 80.] 83. John Graham, of Claverhouse, afterwards Viscount of Dundee [b. 1650 — d. 1689]. Letter to [George Livingston] Earl of Linlithgow, Commander-in-Chief in Scotland, giving an account of the skirmish with the Covenanters at Drumclog : "We keeped our fyr till they wer within ten pace of us ; they recaived our fyr and advanced to the shok. The first they gave us broght doun the coronet, Mr. Crafford, and Captain Bleith. . . . which so disincoroged our men that they sustined not the shok but fell unto disorder. There horse took the occasion of this and perseud us so hotly that we got no tym to ragly. I saved the standarts, but lost on the place about aight ord ten men, beseids wounded ; but the dragoons lost mony mor." Dated, Glasgow, 1 June, 1679. Holograph. [Stowe 3fS. 142, f. 95.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 10. 84. James, Duke of Monmouth [b. 1649 — d. 1685]. Letter to the Queen Dowager, after the failure of his insurrection, begging her to intercede for his life : " Being in this unfortunate con- dision and having non left but your Majesty that I think may have some compassion of me, and that for the last Kings sake, 24 Jlistoricdl Aiif(t July. 1(585 jthe day after his capture]. IIoloQniph. \lAinsdoinic MS. 123(). f. 229.] Facsimile in ^er. i. no. il. 85. William, Prince of Orange (afterwards William III. of England]. Letter, in French, to Admiral Arthur Herbert [afterwards Earl of Torrington], announcing the landing of his troops at Torbay and his intention of marching on Exeter, and making arrangements for sending on the baggage to Exmouth. Dated, "Au camp de Torbay," ^g Nov. 1688. Holograph. [Egerton MS. 2621, f. 39.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 9. 86. Gilbert Burnet, afterwards Bishop of Salisbury [b. 1648 — d. 1715]. Letter to Admiral Arthur Herbert [afterwards Earl of Torrington], written while accompanying the Prince of Orange on his march from Torbay to London during the Revolution, and giving details of public events, of the desertion of the King by the Princess of Denmark and othei'S, of the arrival of Commissioners to treat with the Prince, etc. Dated, Hungerford. 9 Dec. 1688. Holograph. [FgertonMS. 2621. f. 69.] 87. William III. Instructions to Admiral Arthur Herbert for the disposal of the person of the late King James II., in case of his capture at sea. Dated, Whitehall, 16 Marcli, 168|. With signatures and seal of William III. and countersignatui'e of [Daniel Finch,] Earl of Nottingham, Secretary of State. [Egerton MS. 2621. f. 87.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 12. Case IV. 88. Mary II. Order, in the absence of William III., to Admiral Arthur [HerljertJ, Earl of Torrington, to engage the French fleet : " We apprehend y« consequences of your retiring to y^ Gunfleet to be so fatall, y^ we choose rather y* you should upon any advantage of y^ Wind give battle to y^ Enemy then retreat farther then is necessary to gett an advantage upon y^ Enemy." Dated, Whitehall, 29 June, 1690. Signed at the top, '' Marie R." ; and counteisigned by [Daniel Finch,] Earl of Nottingham, Secretaiy of State. The result of this order was the battle of Beachy Head [80 June], in which the English and Dutch force was defeated by a superior French fleet, Torrington, who did not wish to tight, refusing to engage his squadron closely. \ Egerton MS. 2621, f. 91.] 89. James Edward Stuart, the Pretender [b. 1688 — d. 1766]. Letter to Simon Eraser, Lord Lovat, promising, in consideration of his ancestors' services, ''and now your own so freely hasarding j>. '25, no. 90. r 1} — K ""^ '"I •?-♦■ ^5 'M JOHN CHURCHILL, DUKE OF MARLBOROUGH. Historical Autographs and Papers. 25 your life in comeing hither upon so important an occasion," to create him an Earl, " and that in preference to all I shall create in the Kingdoine of Scotland, ... so as that you shall become an argument to encourage others to serve me zealously. " Dated, St. Germains, 3 May, 1708. Signed, "James K." ; with the royal signet. Holograpli. [^Add. 21 S. 31249, f. 17.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 13. 90. John Churchill, Duke of Marlborough [b. 1650 — d. 1722]. Letter, in French, to George Louis, Elector of Hanover [after- wards George I. of England ], giving an account of his victoiy at Ramillies [23 May] : " Le comliat se shauffa et dura assez long terns avec une tres grand fureur, mais enfin les ennemis furent obliges de plier .... Ansi le bon Dieu nous a donne un victoire complet." Dated, Louvain, 25 May, 1706. Holograph. [Stotve 2IS. 222, f. 412.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 14. 91. Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough [b. 1660 — d. 1744]. Letter to James Craggs [afterwards Secretary of State] on her dismissal from Court : " The message the Queen sent me, that I might take a lodging for ten shillings a week tu put my Lord Marlboroughs goods in, sufficiently shews what a good education and understanding the wolf has, who was certainly the person that gave that advise." [April, 1710. J Hologra2)h. [Stowe MS. 751, f. 1.] 92. Sir Robert Walpole ( b. 1676 — d. 1745]. Memorandum, writ- ten when Secretary at War and leader of the House of Commons, probably for insertion in a pamphlet, depicting the consternation of England's allies, and the exultation of her enemies, at the prospect of a change of ministry as the result of the impending general election : "This must be left to y^ People of England, who have it yett in their power to save a sinking nation, if they will not be Felo de Se and suffer themselves to be imposed upon at y*^ next Elections by y^ noise, nonsense, and false colours of Tories, Jacobites, and Papists, who all agree, and alone are pleased with the surprising and destructive measures that are now carrying on." [1710.] Holograph [with signature from a letter]. [Add MS. 35335, f. 7.] 93. Robert Harley, afterwards Earl of Oxford [b. 1661 — d. 1724]. Letter to George Louis, Elector of Hanover [after- wards George I. of England], announcing the removal of tlie Duchess of Marlborough from the Queen's service, "asafurtlier instance of her Majesties desire on all occasions to improve that good correspondence which is so necessary. . . . The causes of this ladys disgrace have been so public and of so many years continuance that it wil be needless to treble your Electoral Highness on that head." Dated, l^ Jan. 171°. Holograph. [Stoivc MS. 224, f. 16.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 11. 94. Henry St. John, Viscount Bolingbroke [b. 1678 — d. 1751 J. Letter to George Clarke, formerly Secretary -at-War, giving his reason for removing from Paris, relying on the good ojiinion of ~0 ]Iif't(ivi(al Antoi/rdplts u lul Papers. h\'< friomls and "a conscience void of guilt,' with whicli support'^ "I lioju- to wade thro' that soa of troubles into which 1 havo been the first plung'd ; tho' I confess I do not see the shore on which one may hojH' to land." Dated, Belle Vue near Lyons, -7 June. 1715. llohuiniph. \ Etjcrion MS. 2G1S, f. 217. J Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 12. IK"). James Edward Stuakt. the Pretender [b. 1688 — d. 17G6|. Declaration, under the title of "James the Third," to all his '"loving subjects," previous to the Rebellion of 1745. Dated, ••at our Court at Kome, " 28 Dec. 174.*>, "in the 43'' year of our reign." Signed, *' James K." ; with privy seal. [Add. MS. ;>o;}S0.1 90. William, Duke OF Cumberland [b. 1721 — d. 1765 J. Letterto Sir John Ligonier, with reference to the battle of Culloden, etc. : "Yesterday I received your kind congratulations on our Victory. Would to God the enemy had been worthy enough for our troops. Sure never were Soldiers in such a temper. Silence and Obedience the whole time and all our Manoeuvres were per- formed without the least confusion. I must own that [youj have hit my weak side when j-^ou say that the Honour of our troojis is restored. That pleases beyond all the Honours done me." Dated, Inverness, May, 1746. Jfolo'/nqjJi. [Stou-c MS. 142, f. 118.1 i)7. Henry Benedict Stuart, afterwards Cahdinal of Yokk [b. 1725 — d. 1807 |, the last of the Stuarts. Letter, in Frendi, commending the Duke of Perth to the 2>i'otection of the French King, as one of those "qui out servi ie Prince mon frere en Ecosse," and who have consequently to take refuge in France. Dated, Navarre, 26 June, 1746. Holograph. [Add. MS. 21404, f. 25.] 98. Charles Edward Stuart, the Young Pretender [b. 1720 — d. 1788]. Letter to his brother Henry, Cardinal of York, with reference to the transfej- of some books to his wife, from whom he was separated, and with whom he declined to hold direct communication ; "for it is not possible for me to have to say with my wife in anny shepe. untill shee rei)pents. 1 am so fatigued in writing this, you cannot immagin, my head being so much bothered." | Florence, July, 1781.] Signed, "Charles R." Holograph. \Ad(l. MS. 84684, f. D.J '.)9. Robert Clive, afterwai'ds Lord Clive [b. 1725— d. 1774]. Letter to tlie Duke of Newcastle, as First Lord of the Treasury, reporting liis recovery of Calcutta | after the tragedy of the Black Hole. 21 June, 1756] and defeat of the Nawab's army (50,000 strong) with a force of 600 Eurojjeans and 800 natives: "A little before day break wee entred the camj) and received a very brisk fire. This did not sto]» the i)rogress of our Troops, which march'd thro' the enemy's camp upwards of 4 miles in length. Wee were more then 2 hours in passing, and what escaped the Van was destroyd by the Rear ..." Dated, "Cami^ near p. -^T, no. 100. ^n 1 ■* -$ i? , "^ ^ N ^ sd r ^4i|x^ ri ,5v .x"^ - ^i^ ^ n. N .,-H- J^g ^ij WILLIAM PITT. EARL OF CHATHAM. p. 27. no. 1(U. '*L.a.' .^e-.it2j^<^. S^ /Z.9-?--^^<^ £r^^^:^^<^>~ -i^^^^^a-^ yi-^-c^^A, ^•'Z^^^ c^/ the Earl of Chichester. Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 12. 100. William Pitt, afterwards Eakl of Chatham [b. 1708 — d. 1778]. Letter to the Duke of Newcastle, complaining of the concealment from him of a correspondence between Major-Gen. Joseph Yorke, Minister at the Hague, and an unknown lady at Paris, concerning proposals of peace, made in the course of the Seven Years' War. The letter ends : " I acknowledge my unfit- ness for the high station where His Majesty has been pleased to place me, but while the King deigns to continue me there, I trust it is not presumption to lay myself at His Majesty's feet and most humbly request his gracious permission to retire, whenever His Majesty thinks it for his service to treat of a Peace in the vehicle of letters of amusement and to order his servants to conceal, under so thin a covering, the first dawnings of in- formation relative to so high and delicate an object." Dated, Hayes, 23 Oct. 1759. Holograph. [Add. 3IS. 32897, f. 314.] Presented, in 1886, % the Earl of Chichester. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 15. 101. "Junius." The ''Dedication to the English Nation,"' in the hand of Junius, of Woodfall's first edition of the Collected Letters of Junius, 1772. Holograph. [Add. MS. 27775, i. 15.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 13. 102. Warren Hastings, Governor-General of India [b. 1732 — d. 1818.] Letter to his wife, referring to his duel with Mr. [after- wards Sir] Philip Francis, Member of the Council: "I have desired Sir John Day to inform you that I have had a meeting this morning with Mr. Francis, who has received a wound in his side, but Ihoj^e not dangerous I aimvell and unlmrt. But you must be content to /(far this good from me. You cannot see me. I cannot leave Calcutta while Mr. Francis is in any danger." Dated, Calcutta [17 Aug. 1780]. Holograph [with signature from another letter]. [Add. MS. 29197, f. 13. | Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 14. 103. George Washington [b. 1732— d. 1799]. Letter to the Earl of Buchan, partly on the principle which should guide the United States, viz. : "to be little heard of in the great world of Politics." .... ''I believe it is the sincere wish of United America to have nothing to do with the Political intrigues or the squabbles of European nations ; but, on the contrary, to exchange commodities and live in peace and amity with all the inhabitants of the earth ; and this 1 am persuaded they will do, if rightfully it can be done To evince that our views are expanded, I take the liberty of sending you the Plan of a New City [i.e. Washington] situated about the centre of the Union of these States, which is designed for the permanent seat of the Government, and we are at this moment deeply engaged and far advanced in extending the inland navigation of the River 28 Historlfd/ Autographs toiniu-)on wliifli it stands, aiul tho bmnclies tliereof, tlirougli u tract of as ricli country for Innulrods of miles — as any in the world." Hated, rhila<](di)hia. 122 April, 171);5. Ilolocjraph. \Aihl MS. iL'Oiil), f. 2S.J Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 17. 104. William Pitt, tlie younger [b. 1759— d. 1806]. Letter to a nienibor of liis Cabinet | probably the Duke of Leeds], on the ne<,'otiations with tlu^ leaders of the French National Assembly, then l>eing privatel}' conducted by Mr. [afterwards Sir] Hugh Elliot: "I am in hopes you will think that it [a despatch to Elliot] steers quite clear of any thing like Cringinrj to France, whicii I agree with 5'ou ought to be avoided even in the pre.sent moment of their weakness, and certainly in all others." [Octol)er, 1790.] llolofiraph. Ulrf^/. JLS. :53964, f. 21.] Facsimile in iSer. ii. no. 14. 1(>-). Edmund Burkk [b. 17;jO — d. 1797]. Letter to Bishop Douglas, asking advice as to the propriety of jiresenting a copy of a new work [the Appeal from the Neio to the Old Wliiys^ to the King, and commenting on afftiirs in France, with especial refer- ence to the Queen, Marie Antoinette : "A worthy friend of mine at Paris writes me an account of the condition of the Queen of France, which makes it probable that the life of that persecuted Woman will not be long . . . What a lesson to the great and the little ! How soon they pass from the state we admire and envy to that the most cruel must pity ! I find I am preaching to a Bishop — but they are things and events that now preach, and not either Clergy or Laity."' Dated, Margate, 31 July, 1791. Holograph. [Fgerton 3IS. 2182, f. 72.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 15. 106. Charles James Fox [b. 1749— d. 1806]. Letter to his brother, Gen. H. E. Fox, on the news of Emmet's rebellion in Ireland : " The state of Ireland appears as bad as bad can be. I do not mean that (juiet may not be i)roduced for the moment, and })erhaps maintained some time, but it looks as if Ireland must always be maintained )^y mere military power, and this is dreadful."' Dated, St. Anne"s Hill, Sunday, [28 Feb. 1803]. Holograph. [Add. 31S. 37053, f. 13. | 107. KicHARD Brinsley Sheridan [b. 1751 — d. 1816]. Notes for a speecli in the House of Commons, on 30 April, 1805, charging Pitt with misapplication of the public money, in connection with the chai-ge against Lord Melville. Holograph. [Add. MS. 29964, f. 58. J Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 14. 108. Sir John Moore [b. 1761— d. 1809]. Letter, when Lieut. - Colonel Moore, to General Paoli, on his summary recall from Corsica : " I shall present myself to the King and to his Ministers with confidence, conscious of no conduct that deserves reproach — indeed I feel that I am incapable of an improper or un- becoming action. I hope the person who is the cause of my leaving Corsica [i.e. the viceroy, Gilbert Elliot, afterwards Earl of Minto] may upon his return be able to say as much.' p. 2!t, nil. 111. '■'^■■ 1 -A i LORD NELSON'S LAST LETTER TO LADY HAMILTON. Historical AiLtograplia and Papers. 29 Dated, Corte, 6 Oct. 1795. Holograph. [Add. MS. 22688, f. 114.] 109. Horatio, Viscount Nelson [b. 1758 — d. 1805.J Sketch-plan of the Battle of Aboukir, generally called the Battle of the Nile, 1 Aug. 1798. In the corner is the following attestation: — "This was drawn by Lord Viscount Nelson's left hand, the only remaining one, in my presence, this Friday, Feb. 18th, 1803, at No. 23, Piccadilly, the House of Sir William Hamilton, late Ambassador at Naples, who was present. Alexander Stephens." [Add. MS. 18676.] 110. George III. Letter to [Richard Hurd], Bishop of Worcester, on the threatened invasion of England by Napoleon: "We are here in daily expectation that Buonoparte will attempt his threatened invasion. The chances against his success seem so many that it is wonderful he persists in it. . . . Should his Troops effect a landing, I shall certainly put myself at the head of mine and my other armed Subjects to repell them ; but as it is impossible to foresee the events of such a conflict, should the Enemy approach too near to Windsor. I shall think it right the Queen and my Daughters shall cross the Severn, and shall send them to your Episcopal Palace at Worcester.'' Dated, Windsor, 30 Nov. 1803. Holograph. [Add. 3IS. 36525, f. 1.] 111. HoBATio, Viscount Nelson. Letter written two days before the battle of Trafalgar to Lady Hamilton, telling her that the enemy's combined fleets are coming out of port, and that he hopes to live to finish his letter. Dated, on board the Victory, 19 Oct. 1805. A postscript, written on the 20th Oct., the eve of the battle, is added, as follows : "Oct. 20th. In the morning, we were close to the mouth of the streights, but the wind had not come far enough to the westward to allow the combined fleets to weather the shoals off Traflagar [sic] ; but they were counted as far as forty sail of ships of war, which I suppose to be 34 of the Line and six frigates. A group of them was seen off the Lighthouse of Cadiz this morning, but it blows so very fresh and thick weather that I rather believe they will go into the Harbour before night. May God Almighty give us success over these fellows and enable us to get a Peace." Holograph. Below is written in the hand of Lady Hamilton : "This letter was found open on His Desk and brought to Lady Hamilton by Captain Hardy. Oh, miserable wretched Emma ! Oh, glorious and happy Nelson ! " [Egcrton MS. 1614, f. 125.]* Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 18. 112. Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington [b. 1769 — d. 1852]. Enumeration of the cavalry under his command at the battle of Waterloo, 18 June, 1815. Holograph. Given by the Duke to Sir John Elley, Deputy Adjutant General, previous to * Beside this letter of Lord Nelson is a small box made from a splinter of the Victory, knocked off by a shot in the Battle of Trafalf^ar, and containing a portion of Nelson's hair. Presented, in 18G5, by Capt. Kin. Gunton. 30 ]l/f>tort. AininR Wkllkslky, Duki; of Wellington. Letter to Lord Hill I his former serontl in command in the Peninsula], offering him the succession to himself in the chief command of the army : "You will have lieard that in consequence of my being employed in the Government [as First Lord of the Treasury] I have been under the painful necessity of resigning my office of Commander in Chief .... In consequence of my resignation I have been under the necessity of considering of an arrange- ment to fill the office which I have held ; and I have naturally turned towards you. There is no doubt that your appointment will be highly satisfactory to the country as well as the army ; but it has occurred to some of the Government that, consider- ing the place in whicli you stand on the list, it is better in relation to the senior officers of the army, some of whom have high jiretensions, that you should be Senior General upon the Staif performing the duties of Commander in Chief than Commander in Chief." Dated, London. 1 Feb. 1828. Holo- graph [with signature from another letter]. Lord Hill held the post of General Commanding in Chief from 1828 to 1842. [Add. JIS. 350()0, f. 512.] Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 15. 114. Henry John Temple, Viscount Palmerston [b. 1784 — d. 1865]. Letter to Sir J. C. Hobhouse [afterwards Lord Brough- ton], narrating the ])rogress of negotiations with France in 1840 with regard to Egj'pt, which resulted in a treat}^ between England. Austria, Russia, and Prussia, in opposition to France, for the expulsion of Mehemet Ali from Syria, which he was invading. The French Govei-nment had refused to join in coercive measures, ajid was very angry at the treaty being made without their knowledge: "The great object of France then was to gain time. . . . They reckoned for certain that before the spring of 1841 something or other would happen to enable them to divide the Four Powers, and to jiatch up an arrange- ment that would have left Mehemet Ali in possession of Syria, and a pressing candidate for nominal indej^endence, under the protection of France. This calculation of the French Govern- ment was perfectly well founded, and it was the signal frustra- tion of sucli national expectations which excited such uncontroul- able fury from one end of France to the other." Dated, 27 July, 1843. Hohfiraph. [Add. 2IS. 36471, f. 218.] Be- qucathed. in 1869, h)j Lord Broiighion. 115. Sir Robert Peel [b. 1788— d. 1850]. Letter to Sir H. E. Bunbuiy, thanking him for his approval of " the great measures which I am conducting through Parliament" [the repeal of the Corn Laws] : "I have many difficulties to contend with, — much misrepresentation and obloquy to encounter, on the part of those whom I verily believe I am i)rotecting from evils and p. 3), no 113 57/ rlcS^f c^.^^:Z^^ '^^^^^ u- >^t<_^>o«.AV^ 'CT/ ^^ JL^^^C^^K^' ^■ >U../ZX^ ^^c^^ ^' '^/y\^ ARTHUR WELLESLEY, DUKE OF WELLINGTON. Historical Autographs and Papers. 31 dangers of which they seem little aware. I am very indifferent as to the political, that is party, result of the conflict which is now raging, provided only the Lords will consent to j^ass the Bills which the Commons Avill send up to them, providing for the improvement of our commercial system and the ultimate extinction of taxes upon food." Dated, Whitehall, 12 March. [1846]. Holof/raph. [Add. 3TS. 37053, ff. 37 b, 38.] 116. KiCHARD CoBDEN [ b. 1804 — d. 1865 j. Letter to , de- precating alarmist views as to the power of Russia : " She is invulnerable against foreign attack by land, because no large army can be concenti'ated within her borders . . . for want of accumulated stores of food . . . But on the other hand no large empire is so much at the mercy of a maritime power like England, or the United States ; for she has but three or four commercial ports, which are shut up with ice for half the year, and might be blockaded for the remaining six months with a small force. She has, it is true, a large force of ships of war ; liut they are manned by serfs, taken from the villages of the interior, who are undeserving the name of sailors, and it is pretty certain they would never venture into an engagement with an English or American fleet, and if they did, it is quite certain they would be taken or destroyed. As for the Russian finances I leave to time to determine whether I am right in designating the pretensions of that govei-nment to great resources as a 'gigantic imposture.'" Dated, 15 Oct. 1849. Hohgmph. [Add. MS. 37053, ff". 41, 42.] 117. Lord John Russell, afterwards Earl Russell [b. 1792— d. 1878], Letter, written while Prime Minister to Bishop Maltby of Durham, with reference to the Papal Bull creating Roman Catholic bishops in England, commonly known as '' the Durham Letter": "I agree with you in considering 'the late aggression of the Pope upon our Protestantism ' as ' insolent and insidious," and I therefore feel as indignant as you can do upon the subject .... There is a danger, however, which alarms me much more than any aggression of a foreign Sovereign. Clergymen of our own Church, who have subscribed the thirty-nine Articles and acknowledged in exjilicit terms the Queen's Supremacy, have been the most forward in leading their flocks ' step by step to the very verge of the precipice.' The honour paid to Saints, the claim of infallibility for the Church, the superstitious use of the sign of the Ci'oss, the muttering of the liturgy so as to disguise the language in which it is written — the recommendation of auricular confession, and the administi'a- tion of penance and absolution — all these things are pointed out by clergymen of the Church of England as worthy of adoption .... But I rely with confidence on the people of England. and I will not bate a jot of heart or hope so long as the glorious principles and the immortal Martyrs of the Reformation shall be held in reverence by the great mass of a nation which looks 32 Ilitiforhal Antor/raphs umi Papers. with contrin|>t on the iniiiuinorios of sui)or.stitioii, and with M'orn at tlio laltorious ondoavours which are now making to con tine the intellect and onshivo the soul." Dated. Downing Street, 4 Nov. 1850. IMo,imph. [Add. il/.S'. ;}50()8. fT. ;J-5.J J'irsenied, in 1S9G, hy Lieut. G. IL MaUhif. Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 14. 118. Benjamin Disraeli, aftenvards Earl of Beaconsiield [h. ISO.')— d. 1881]. Letter to Count A. G. G. D'Orsuy. on the suliject of a hust. executed hy the latter, of Lord George Bentinck [d. 1848], the late leader of the Protectionist party: ■ I beheld again my beloved friend, and after gazing at the bust with an eye which would glance at nothing else in your studio. I left your room with the consolation, that the magic finger of art had afforded the only solace which his bereaved and devoted friends can now welcome. — the living resemblance of George Bentinck." Dated 7 Oct. 1848. IlolorjrapJi. [Add. MS. 86677. ff. 2. 3.] 119. William Ewart Gladstone [b. 1809— d. 1898]. Letter to A. Panizzi. Principal Librarian of the British Museum, with reference to literary work and foreign politics : '" I am no Achilles, and have had no provocation, great or small ; nor am I. nor can I well be. asked to render any help, when the help I should render would be in the wrong direction. My ideas of foreign policy are, I fear, nearly the contradictories of those now in vogue [under the Palmerston government]. I am for trusting mainly to the moral influence of England, for uttering no threats except such as I mean to execute, for declining to levile to-daj' the men whom I lauded yesterday .... in short, for a long list of heresies which the Times daily anathematizes ex cathedra, and for which I am most thankful not to be burned by a slow fire." Dated, Hawarden. 29 Nov. 1856. Holograph. [Add. MS. 86717, ff, 642, 648.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. is. 120. Charles George Gordon. (jlovernor-General of the Soudan [b. 1888— d. 1885]. The last page of his Diary at Khartoum, 14 Dec. 1884, written on the backs of telegraph forms: *' We are going to send down ' Bordeen ' to-morrow with this journal. If I was in command of the 200 men of Expeditionary' Force, which are all that are necessary for moment, I should stop just below Ilalfyeh and attack Arabs at that place Itefore I came on here to Kartoum. I should then communicate with North Fort and act according to circumstances. Noio marl: this, if Expeditionary Force, and I ask for no more than 200 men, does not come in 10 days, the tmvn may fall, and I have done my best for the honor of our country'. Good bye. C. G. Gordon." Holoftraph. [Add. MS. 84479, f. 108.] Bequeathed, in 1893, htf Miss M. A. Gordon. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 20. 121. Queen Victoria. Letter to Miss M. A. Gordon, thanking her for the gift of a Bible which had formerly belonged to her l)rother, General C. G. Gordon : 'It is most kind and good of p. 32, no. 120. ^' f v^ \ CHARLES GEORGE GORDON. Historical Autographs and Papers. 33 you to give me this precious Bible, and I only hope that you are not depriving yourself and family of such a treasure if you have no other. May I ask you during how many years your dear heroic brother had it with him?" Dated, Windsor Castle, 16 March, 1885. Holograph. Signed, ''Victoria R.I." [Add. MS. 34483, ff. 7 b, 8.'] Bequeathed, in 1893, hj 3Iiss M. A. Gordon. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 21. ( 34 ) CHARTERS. The term Charter (Lat, Charta, papj'^rus, paper) includes not only royal grants of privileces and recognitions of rights, such as the " Magna Charta " of King John and the Charters of municipal and other corporations, but any formal document of the nature of a covenant or record, whether public or private. Examples of various kinds, chiefly English, are here shown, including two papal Bulls (so called from the ''bulla" or leaden seal used by the Popes) and a Golden Bull of the Emperor Baldwin II. They have been selected not only for the interest of their contents, but in order to illustrate the progress and changes of the chancery and charter hands, as distinguished from the book hand (see p. 72), between the eighth and the sixteenth centuries. The usual mode of attestation after the Norman Conquest was by means of a seal without a signature ; " Magna Charta," for example, was not actually shjned in writing by the King, but had his great seal appended. The seal was in fact the signum or legal signature ; and written signatures only became common, and eventually necessary, when ability to write was more general. In Saxon times, before Edward the Confessor, seals were very rarely employed ; the names (usually of the King and his Witan or Council) were written by the same hand as the body of the document, and a cross prefixed or added. Some of the Charters here have the seal still attached ; and a special selection of royal and other seals, many of which are of great artistic beauty, is exhibited in Cases L, M (p. 115). Case V. [At right angles to Case III., the numbers beginning on the left.] 1. Grant by Off a, King of the Mercians, to Ealdbeorht, his "minister" or thegn, and his sister Sele^ry^ [Abbess of Lyminge] of land of 14 ploughs in the province of the Cantuarii at locc ham and Perham stede [Ickham and Parmested in Kingston, co. Kent), with swine-pasturage in the Andred wood, etc. Witnesses : King Offa, laenbeorht. Archbishop of Canterbury, Cyne^ry^, the Queen, and others. Dated at the Synod of Celchy^ [Chelsea!, a.d. 785. Latin. \_Stoice Ch. 5. j Charters. 35 2. Gi-ant by Eadred, King of the English, to ^Ifwyn, a nun, of six " mansae," or in the Kentish tongue '' syx suhinga," of land at Wic ham [Wickham Breaux, co. Kent], for two pounds of the purest gold. Witnesses : King Eadred, Eadgifu his mother, Oda, Archbishop of Canterbury, Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, and others. Dated a.d. 948. Latin, with the boundaries of the land in English. [Stoive Ch. 26.] 3. Grant by Cnut, King of the English, to ^Ifstan, Archbishop [of Canterbury], at the petition of Queen ^Ifgyfu, of a grove in the forest of Andredesweald, known as Haeselersc [co. Kent]. Witnesses : King Cnut, Wulfstan, Archbishop [of York], ^If- gyfu, the Queen, and others. Dated a.d. 1018. Latin, with the boundaries in English. [Stoive Ch. 38.] 4. Notification by Edwakd the Confessor to Archbishop Eadsige (d. 1050) and others, of his confirmation of all grants made by Earl Leofric and Godgyva his wife [Godgyfu, or Godiva] to St. Mary's Abbey, Coventry. [1043-1050.] English. [Add. Ch. 28657.] 5. Notification by William I., King of the English, to Peter, Bishop of Chester [Lichfield and Coventry], Will. FitzOsbern, Earl [of Hereford], Hugh, Earl of Chester, and others, " Francis et Angiis," of his confirmation to Abbot Leofwin and St. Mary's Abbey, Coventry, of the grants of Earl Leofi'ic as confirmed by King Edward {cf. no. 4). Witnesses : Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, Gosfrid, Bishop of Coutances, Robert, Count of Mortain, and others. [1070?] Latin. With seal. [Add. Ch. 11205.] 6. Confirmation by William II. of a grant by Walter Giffard [Earl of Buckingham] to Bee Abbey in Normandy of the manor of Blacheam [Blakenham], co. Suffolk. [About 1091.] Latin. The names and crosses of the King, Henry '' filius regis " [Will. I.], and others are affixed. A contemporary copy, with a genuine seal. Deposited on loan by Eton College, tvhich also possesses the original. 7. Charter of Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury {" Dorobernensis ecclesie"), restoring to the monks of the same [sc. of Christ Church, Canterbury] the moiety of the altar of Christ, which he bad after the death of Lanfranc his predecessor, who had restored the other moiety ; and at the same time restoring the manor of Stistede [Stisted, co. Essex], which was known to belong to them. Witnesses : William, Archdeacon of Christ Church, Haimo the Sheriff", and others. [About 1095.] Latin. With seal. [Camph. Ch. vii. 5.] This charter and no. 9 are perhaps not originals, though genuine seals are attached. 8. Notification by Henry I. to Robert, Bishop of Lincoln, Simon, Earl [of Northampton], and Gilbert the Sheriff", and to the men '* francigeni et angligeni " of co. Huntingdon, of an agreement between Aldwin, Abbot of Ramsey, and William the King's " Dispensator," whereby the latter is to hold the land of Elintuna [Ellington, co. Hunt.] of the abbey till his death, the whole D 2 36 Charters. lordship thon to roveit to the abhoy, to provide food for the monks. Witnossos: Kandulf tlio Chniupllor, Will, do Ciirci, Koixer do Oli. and others. Dated, '' apud nonius Wardhergani " I CO. Hunt., about IIOU-IIU], Latin, [yidd. Ch. ;{;i250. | 0. Continuation by Hknky I. to Archbishop William and the monks of Christ Church, Canterburj% of all tlio lands and jnivilej^es whiih they had in the time of King Edward and of William his father. (1123'?] Latin. Followed by an Jv'w/Z/.s/i version, beg. " H. |iurh godesgeuu a^nglelandes kyning grete ealle mine bissceopes and ealle mine eorles and ealle mine scirgereuan and ealle mine^'egenas frencisce and renglisce," etc. With seal, sewed up in a bag of green damask. [Camj)6. Ch. xxi. G. I 10. Grant by Matilda, Empress [of the Komans], daughter of King Henry I. and Queen of the English, to St. Mary's Abbey, Eeading, co. Berks, for her soul's health, and for the soul of King Heniy her father and for the preservation of Geoffrey, Count of Anjou, and the lord Henry her son [Henry II.], etc., of the land of Windesor [Windsor, co. Berks.], and Cateshell [Catshill in Godalming, co. Surrey], which belonged to Geoffrey Purcell, and which he gave to the monastery when he became a monk there. Witnesses : Henry [of Blois], Bishop of Win- chester, Alexander, Bp. of Lincoln, Nigel, Bp. of Ely, Bernard, Bp. of St. David's, Rodbert [de Bethune], Bp. of Hereford, Robert, Earl of Gloucester [natural son of Henry I.], and others. Dated at Reading [May, 1141?]. Latin. [Add. Ch. 1957G.] 11. Notitication by King Stephen of his grant, for the health of his soul and those of Slatilda his queen, of Eustace his son, and of his other children, and for the soul of King Henry I., his uncle, to Reading Abbey, of his manor of Bleberia [Blewberry, CO. Berks], with free customs, etc. Witnesses: M[atildaj the Queen, "my wife," H[enry of Blois], Bp. of Winchester, "my brother," Count E[ustace], "my son," and others. Dated at London [about 1144]. Latin. With seal. \Add. Ch. 19581.] 12. Confirmation by Gilbert [de Clare], Earl [of Pembroke], to St. Maiy's Priory, Southwark, of the land of Perenduna | Parn- don, CO. Essex], which John the Steward and Nich. de Epinges gi'anted to it, with William fil. Eadmundi, whose land it was, free of all service except scutagc ; and when one knight \sc. one knight's fee] gives 20 sh., that land shall give 2 sh., and when one knight gives one mark, it shall give 16d., etc. Witnesses : Richard his son, Isabel the Countess, Hervicus his brother, and others. [1138-48.] Latin. [Cotton MS. Nero C. iii. f. 228. ] 13. Charter whereby William, Earl of Warenne, confirms to the monks of St. Pancras \sc. Lewes Priory) all the lands, etc., which they hold of his fee, undertaking to acquit them of Danegeld and all other services due to the King, and moreover grants to them tithe of corn, hay, lambs, fleeces and cheeses, Charters. 37 and the tenth penny of all his rents in England, This charter, he goes on to say, he granted and confirmed at the dedication of the church of St. Pancras, and he gave the church seisin of the tenth penny of his rents by hair cut with a knife from his own head and his brother's by Henry, Bishop of Winchester, before the altar (" quos abscidit cum cultello de capitibus nostris ante altare Hen. ep. Winton."). Witnesses: Theobald, Archb. of Canterbury, Henry, Bp. of Winchester, Eobert, Bp. of Bath, and Ascelin, Bp. of Rochester, who dedicated the church, William | de Albini], Earl of Chichester, and others. [1145- 1146.] Latin. [Cotton Ch. xi. 56.J 14. Grant by William fil. Audoeni to St. Denis Priory, near Southampton, by the hand of Henry, Bishop of Winchester, of his land of Norham [Northam], with confirmation by the obla- tion of a knife (''per hunc cultellum "). Witnesses: Antelm the Prior, Henry, Chancellor of the Bp. of Winchester, Osbert, Constable of Hamton, and others. Dated 1151. Latin. [Harley Ch. 50 A. 8.] 15. Treaty of peace between Eanulph [de Gernons], Earl of Chester, and Robert [de Beaumont], Earl of Leicester, pro- viding for the surrender of the castle of Mount Sorrel, co. Leic, to the Earl of Leicester, the demolition of the castle of Ravens- tone, CO. Leic, etc. ; made in presence of "the second" Robert [de Chesney], Bishop of Lincoln, and adherents of the two parties. [1147-1151.] Latin. [Co^fowJf^S. Nero C. iii. f. 178.] 16. Grant by Henry II. to the cathedral church of Winchester of the manors of Meonis [East Meon, co. South t.] and Weregraua [Wargrave, co. Berks], with their churches, chapels, etc. ; to- gether with an addition of eight days to Winchester Fair, so that it may now last 16 days instead of eight as in the time of King Henry his grandfather. Witnesses : Theobald, Archb. of Canterbury, Hugh, Archb. of Rouen, and others. Dated at London [Dec. 1154?]. Latin. [Add. Ch. 28658.] 17. Grant by Henry II. to William and Nicholas, sons of Roger, son-in-law of Albert, of the charge of his galley (" ministerium meum de esnecca mea "), with the livery (" liberatio ") belonging thereto, and all the lands of their father. Witnesses : Theobald, Archb. of Canterbury, Henry, Bp. of Winchester, T[homas Becket], Chancellor, and others. Dated at Oxford [Jan. 1155 ?]. The word "esnecca" preserves the memory of the "Snekkar," or Serpents, as the Northmen called their long war-galleys. Latin. [Ca\nph. Ch. xxix. 9.] 18. Confirmation by William, Count of Boulogne and Warenne, for the health of his soul and that of Isabella his wife [daughter and heir of William, 3rd Earl of Surrey and Warenne], and for the souls of King Stephen his father, Queen Matilda his mother, and Count Eustace his brother, of a grant from King Stephen to Sawtrey Abbey, co. Huntingdon, of lands in Gamalingeia [Gamlingay, co. Camb.]. Witnesses: Reinald de Warenne, 38 Charters. Seller de Quinci, and otliers. Dated at [ Castle | Acre |c(>. Norf., about 1 ir>5 1. Latin. \ llarlnj Ch. 83 A. 25. | 11>. Confirmation by IIknhy II. to Hromfield Priory, co. Salop, of the ihuroh of Rrondudd. with the lands and vills of Ilaverford [ Ilaltord ', Dodinyhopa |Dinchope], Esseford [Ashfordl, Felton, etc. ; i^ranted on the reconstiiution of the Priory under the Benedictine Order in 1155. Laiin. \(''otton Ch. xvii. 4. | 2(>. (Jrant from Hugh Talebot, with the assent of Ermentrude his wife and Gerard, Geoffrey, Hugh and Richard his sons, to the Abbey of Beauljec, in Normandy, of his land of Fautewella I Feltwell, CO. Norf. ], from which Aeliza de Cokefelt and Adam her son paid him yearly 100 shillings. Dated 1165. Latin. With seal. {Jlarlcij Ch. 112 D. 57. J 21. Grant by Kichard, Bishop of St. Andrews, to the church of the Holy Cross | Holyrood Abbey] of the church of Egglesbrec, "que varia capella dicitur" |now Falkirk, co. Stirling], and all the land he had there, paying yearly one '' petra " of "vvax to his chapel. Witnesses : Geoffrey, Abbot of Dunfermline. John, Abbot of Kelso. Osbert. Abbot of Jedworth, and others. Dated in full chapter at Ber^vick. 1166. LAitin. [Uarletj Ch. Ill B. 14. J 22. Grant from Prior Robert [Trianel] and the Priory of St. Andrew, Northampton, to Abbot Christian, and the Abljey of Auna5% dioc. of Bayeux in Normandy, of two i)arts of the tithage of Aissebi [Ashby-Mears, co. Northampton], the Abbey to pay yearly six measures of winnowed corn into the Prioiy grange at Ashby. Witnessed Ijy six priests, three from either house. Dated 1176. Ljutin. [Harlcrj Ch. 44 A. 1.] 23. Fine at Oxford "in Curia Regis" before Rich. Gifiard, Roger fil. Reinfrid and John de Caerdif, the King's Justices, on the feast of SS. Peter and Paul [sc. 29 June, 1176] next after the King took the allegiance of the barons of Scotland at York, whereby Ingrea and her three daughters quit to the canons of Oseney their claim to certain land in Oxford for 20 sh. Latin. The earliest known original record of the legal process known as a Fine or Final Concord. [Cottmi Ch. xi. 73. ] 24. Agreement whereljy the Knights Hosi^itallers of St. John of Jerusalem surrender to Richard [Toclive], Bishoj) of Winchester, the charge and administration of the Hosjjital of St. Cross without the walls of Winchester, the Ijishop raising the number of poor there entertained from 113 to 213 (of whom 200 were to be fed and 13 fed and clothed), assigning to the Hospitallers the churches of Morduna [Morden, co. Camb. | and Haninctona [Hannington, co. Southt.J, and releasing them from the yearly payment to the monks of St. S within of 10 marks and two candles of 10 lbs. of wax. Dated at Dover, 10 Apr. 1185, in presence of Heniy II., Eraclius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, and others. Lafi?). With signatures of Bishop Toclive and Roger de Molins. Master of the Hospitallers. Appended are the leaden '•' l>ulla '■ of R. de Molins and the seals of the Bishop and of Charters. 39 Garnerius de Neapoli, Prior of the Hospitallers in England. [Harlcy Cli. 43 I. 38. J 25. Licence by Eichard I. to Reginald [Fitz-Jocelin], Bishop of Bath, and his successors for their hounds to hunt through the whole of Somerset, to take all beasts except stag and hind, buck and doe, and to pursue all that shall escape from their parks ; with a penalty of 10 Z against any who shall disturb them in so doing. Witnesses : Baldwin, Archb. of Canterbury, and others. Dated by the hand of W[illiam de Longchamp], Bishop- elect of Ely, Chancellor, at Canterbury, 26 Nov. 1st year [1189]. Latin. [Harley Ch. 83 C. 10.] 26. Confirmation by Richard I. to Alured de St. Martin, his stewai-d, of a grant made to him for life by Henry, Count of Eu, on the death of Alice his [Henry's] mother [who married A. de St. Martin as her 2nd husband], of the dower-lands of the said Alice in Eleham and Bensinton [Elham and Bilsington, co. Kent]. Witnesses: H[ugh de Puisac], Bp. of Durham, and others. Dated, "per manum Will, de Longo Campo, Cancel- larii nostri, Elyensis electi," at Canterbury, 30 Nov. 1st year [1189]. Latin. With seal. [Egerton Ch. 372.] 27. Grant by Waleran [de Newburgh], Earl of Warwick, to Peter Blund of lands in Scenegefeld and Tromkewull [Shinfield and Trunkwell, near Mortimer Stratfield, co. Berks], at a rent of two bezants or four shillings. Witnesses: William [de Long- champ], Bp. of Ely, Godfrey [de Lucy], Bp. of Winchester, and many others. [1190-1.] Latin. [Harley Ch. 83 A. 4.] 28. Grant by John, Count of Mortain, Lord of Ireland [King John], to Hamo de Valoniis of the town of Waterford, in Ireland, to support him in the count's service until the latter can restore to him the lands he had lost for his sake or give him an equivalent. Witnesses: Will, de Wenn[evall], Reginald de Wassunville, and others. Dated at Dorchester, 11 July, 4 Rich. I. [1193]. Latin. [Lansdowne Ch. 33.] 29. Confirmation by Richard I. to Alan Basset, his knight, of the manor of Winterburn [Winterborne-Basset, co. Wilts] granted to him by Walter de Dunstanvill. Witnesses : Otho, son of the Duke of Saxony, "our nephew," Baldwin de Bethune, and others. Dated at Chinon, by the hand of W[ill. de Longchamp], Bishop of Ely, Chancellor, 12 Dec. 6th year [1194]. With re-confirmation as follows, "Is erat tenor carte nostre in prime sigillo nostro, quod, quia aliquando perditum fuit et, dum capti essemus in Alemannia, in aliena potestate constitutum, mutatum est," i.e. "Such was the tenor of our charter under our first seal, but as this seal was at one time lost, and, while we were in captivity in Germany, was in the power of otliers, it has been changed." Witnesses: Baldwin [de Bethune], Earl of Albemarle, William Marshal, and others. Dated, by the hand of E|ustace], Bishop of Ely, Chancellor, "apud Rupem auree vallis" [Roche d'Orval], 22 Aug. 9th H) Charters. vear [1108]. Latin. With S(Xoml (J rout Seal. [Cotton Ch. xvi. l.J 30. Conliiination liy Earl Paviel, brother of the King of Scots. |as Earl of Huntingdon], tt> the Priory of St. James of Huntingdon [al. Ilinthingbrooko Priory] of a yearly rent of 3()fZ. from the mill of Little llameldon [Hambleton, co. Rutland]. Witnesses: Hui,'h de Lisors. Simon do Seinliz, and others. [About 1200.] Latin. [Add. Ch. ;5425.-).] ol. Grant by llasculf de Pincheneia to Helias de Englefeld of the meadow of Middelham [in Englelield, co. Berks?], to be held for the service of a sor-hawk yearly at the time of the taking of hawks (''per unum nisum sor quem reddet annuatim mihi in tempore de espreueitesun "), the grantee moreover giving to the said Hasculf 4 marks of silver, to Gillo his son and heir a shod hunting-horse ('' unum chazeur ferratmu "), and to Matildis his wife half a mark. [Late 12th cent.] Latin. With seal. [Add. Ch. 7201.] 32. Grant by Kanulph, Earl of Chester, to Roger, his Constable, of a free boat on the river Dee at Chester, for the yearly sei'vice of a pair of gilt spurs, with rights of fishing above and below Chester bridge and at Etton [Eaton], by day and by night, '"cum flonettis et draghenettis et stalnettis," and all kinds of nets, and of doing what he will with the lish they shall take. Witnesses: Rob. de Monte alto, Seneschal of Chester, and others. [Late 12th cent.] LMtin. [llarley Ch. 52 A. 17.] 33. Confirmation by King .John to the Order of Bonshommes de Grammont of the foundation made by Plenry II. of their house [Notre Dame du Pare] near Rouen, and of his grant to them for their victuals of 200 livres of Anjou from the Vicomte of Rouen. Witnesses : R[oger], Bp. of St. Andrews, Will. Lunge Espee, Earl of Salisbury, and others. Dated, by the hands of Symon, Archdeacon of Wells, and John de Gray, at Chinon, 26 Sept. 1st year [1199 J. Latin. \Add. Ch. USU.] 34. Deed of sale by Alan de Witcherche to Will, de Englefeld, for one mark of silver, of his three "nativi," sons of Bernard the miller of Seofeld [Sheffield, near Englefield, co. Berks]. [About 1200. J Latin. With seal. [Add. Ch. 20592.] 35. Grant by King John to William de Belver [BelvoirJ, son of William de Albeni, of a weekly market and a three-day fair at Brigiford [Bridgford, co. Notts]. Witnesses: Rlobei-t J, Earl of Leicester, William, Earl of Salisbury, and others. Dated, by the hand of Hugh of Wells, at Seez, 28 Jan. 4th year [1203]. Latin. With seah [//a»% C7<. 43 C. 34.] 36. Grant by Brother Robert the Treasurer, Prior of the Knights Hospitallers in England, to Robert, son of Ivo de Wicham, of land in Wicham [Wykeham, near Nettleton, co. Line] at a yearly rent of 12d., a third part of the chattels of the grantee and his heirs to pass on death to the Hospital. Witnesses: Brother Reimbald, and others. Dated, at the chapter of St. p. 4 1, no. 40. ARTICLES OF MAGNA CHARTA. Charters. ' 41 Hilary, at Oscinton [Ossington, co. Notts], 1205[6]. Latin. [Harley CJi. 44 E. 21.] 37. Surrender by William "Walensis" and Isabel his wife, and by Eobert [de Hagley], son and heir of the said Isabel, to Sir Koger de Mortimer [d. 1214] of land in the vale of Wigemor [Wigmore, co. Hereford] held of him by the service of being his huntsmen, the said service being long in arrear and Sir Eoger having paid to them 40 marks of silver. Witnesses: Sir Ralph, Abbot of Wigmore, and others. [Before 1214.] Latin. With seals. [Cotton C1i. xxx. 8.] 38. Bull of Pope Innocent III. ratifying the grant made by King John, by counsel of his barons, of his kingdoms of England and Ireland to the Holy Roman Church ; in return for which he takes the King and his heirs and the two kingdoms under the protection of St. Peter and himself, and grants the king- doms to John in fee on condition of public recognition and oath of fealty by each successive King at his coronation. Attested by the " sentence " of the Pope, viz. " Fac mecum, domine, signum in bonum " [Ps. Ixxxv. 1 7], his name, autograph S [for ■'signum" or "signavi"] and monogram "Bene Valete," followed by the signatures of 12 cardinals and 3 bishops. Dated at the Lateran, 4 Nov. 1213. With leaden '' bulla " appended. The Bull recites the letters of John, dated Dover, 15 May, 1213, in which he notifies his surrender of his king- doms and his receiving of them back as feodatory in presence of Pandulph, subdeacon and familiar of the Pope, promising for himself and his successors fealty and homage and a yearly payment of 1,000 marks. Latin. [Cotton MS. Cleop. E. i. f. 149.] 39. Grant by Louis, eldest son of [Philip II.] King of France, to William de Huntingfeld, of the town of Grimeby [Grimsby, co. Line] until he shall assign to him 100 librates of land else- where, to be held for a service of two knights' fees. Witnesses : [Seiher de Quincy], Earl of Winchester, Robert Fitz-Walter [commanding the forces of the English Barons], Simon de Langton [brother of Archb. Stephen Langton, and Chancellor to Louis], and others. Dated at the siege of Hertford, 21 Nov. 1216. Latin. With fine seal. [Harley Cli. 43 B. 37.J 40. Articles of Liberties, demanded by the Barons of King John in 1215, and embodied in Magna Chaeta. Latin. A collo- type copy of the original preserved in the Department and presented, in 1769, by Philip, Earl Stanhope.* A portion of the Great Seal remains. [Add. MS. 4838.] * Tlie collotype copy and the printed text can be purcliased in the Museum. 42 mhartens. Case XL' [In a line with Caso V., at right angles ti> Case II.] 41. Genealogical and historii-al roll, 1(> feet long, of the Kings of England from Egbert [d. 889 1 to Henry III. |d. 1272]; preceded by an account, within an illuminated border, of the Seven Saxon Kingdoms, commonly called the Heptarchy. Written during the reign of Hen. III., the date of whose death is added by another hand. Latin. [Add. 3IS. 30079.] 42. Confirmation by Baldwin, *" Imperator Komanie et semper Augustus" [Baldwin IL. de Courtenay. Emperor of Constan- tinople 1228, dethroned 12G1]. of a grant by his uncle Philip I LJ, Marquis of Namur [1196-1212 |, to the church of St. Bavon at Ghent, of the patronage of Biervliet [in ZeelandJ. Dated at Biervhet, May, 1269. Latin. With golden "bulla." [Add. Ch. 14365.] 43. Bequest by Eichard Morin to Reading Abbey of his body to be therein buried, with lands, etc., at or near Grimesdich [Grims Ditch J. Niweham [NewnhamJ, Waldich, Munge-welle [Mongewelll. and Wallingford [co. Berks], and a recognition of a fishing right in the Thames between Mongewell and Walling- ford Bridge. Witnesses : Richard [Poore], Bishop of Salisbury. Richard [afterwards Earl of Cornwall |, son of King John, and others. [About 1220-1.] Latin. [Add. Ch. 19615.] 44. Lease from Juliana, widow of John Frusselov, to Robert, Abbot of Abingdon, and the convent of the same, of all her dower-lands in Dumbelton [Dumldeton, co. Glouc.J for 10 years from "Hocke dai " [2nd Tuesday after Easter], 14 Hen. III. [1230]. Witnesses: Heniy de Tracy, Richard. Dean of Dumbleton, etc. [1230. J Latin. [Harleij Ch. 75 F. 36.] 45. Assignment by R., Prior of Sempringham. to the nuns of Bullington. co. Lincoln, with the assent of Prior William and the convent of the same, of a yearly rent of five marks from land in Friskney, etc., co. Line, for buying their smocks ("'ad camisias illarum inperpetuum emendas "). Dated 1235. Latin. [HarlcyCh. 44 L 14.] 46. Notification by the Priors of Reading, Sherborne and Poughley, as papal delegates, of a comjjosition between Sir Will, de Englefeld and Missenden Abbey coacerning the services of a chantry in the chapel of Sipplake [Shiplake, co. * In the angle at the top of the case is an impression of a rare seal of Edward I., adapted from a s€'al of Henry III. by substituting " Edwardus " for "Henricus". It is attached to Add. Ch. 34'.»4it, which is dated 28 Jan. 1298, and is witnessed not by the king himself but by his son, afterwards Edward II. ; and the seal appears to have been temporarily used during the king's absence abroad, Nov. 1297-Mar. 1298. In the lower angles of the case are the obverse and reverse (the latter a cast) of the fine Golden Bulla, or seal (xliii. 161), of the Emperor Frederic III. [King of the Romans 1440, Emperor 1452, d. 1493]. VImHers. 43 Oxon.], whereby the former agrees to augment the endowment and the latter to provide a chaplain and do all that is required except repair of the fabric, with stipulations as to services, etc. Witnesses: John de S. Egidio, Archdeacon of Oxford, and others. Dated, 29 Nov. 1242. Latin. With seals of the three Priors, of the Abbey, and of the Abbot. [Add. Ch. 20372.] 47. Agreement between William, lord of Melebery Osmund [Melbury Osmond, co. Dorset], and John Picot, whereby they mutually renounce the right of pasture on each other's lands in Melebery, etc. Witnesses: Sir William, son of Henry, Sir William Maubanc, Sir Benedict de Bere, Knts., Sir Richard, vicar of Gateministre [Yeatminster], and others. Dated, St. Margaret's day, 27 Hen. III. [20 July, 1243]. Latin. {Ilarlcij Ch. 53 D. 36.] 48. Confirmation by Alfonso the Wise, King of Castile, of royal grants to the hospital near the monastery of Santa Maria Real in Burgos. Dated at Burgos, 30 Dec, era 1292 [a.d. 1254], in which year, it is added, Edward, eldest son of Henry [III.], King of England, received knighthood from Alfonso in Burgos. Spanish. With a cross for the royal signature, surrounded by the inscription, " Signo del Rey Don Alfonso," and by the confirmation of Don Juan Garcia, in concentric circles, and attested by the Moorish kings of Granada, Murcia, and Niebla, and by seventy-seven prelates and noblemen. The witnesses were assembled, no doubt, to celebrate Edward's marriage with Eleanor, the King of Castile's sister. With the royal seal, in lead. [Add. Ch. 24804.] 49. Notification by S[imon] de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, P[eter] de Savoy, Geoffrey and Guy de Lusignan, and Hugh Bigod, of their acceptance, as English plenipotentiaries, of a treaty of peace with France. Dated at Paris, 1 June, 1258. With four seals. Latin. [Add. Ch. 11297.] 50. Letter of Henry III. appointing Humphrey de Boun, Earl of Herefoi'd and Essex, Constable of England, and William de Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle, his procurators to swear uj^on his soul in his own presence (" ad iurandum in animam nostram in presencia nostra") that he will keep the peace with France lately made at Paris. Dated at Westminster, 9 Feb. 43rd year [1259]. Latin. With seal. [Add. Ch. 11299.] 51. Covenant by Eleanor, Queen of Henry III., and Edward her son to Spinellus Symonetti and his fellows, Florentine mer- chants, to indemnify them in the matter of a bond in 1700 marks, in which the name of Walter de Merton, Chancellor, was inserted without his seal being attached. Dated at Westminster, 7 June, 1262. Latin. With fragments of seals, [llarley Ch. 43 C. 42.] 52. Bequest by Margaret, widow of Walter de Clifford, to Aconl)ury Priory near Hereford of her heart to be there buried, with 15 44 Charter ii. marks in alms and the expenses of burial. Witnesses: Brother Hen. de Marisco, Sir Bernard. sul>prior of Kinpswood. and others. Dated at Koss, | IG Dec] r2()8. lAitln. With seals of Marg. de ClifVord. Samson, Abbot of Ivingsvvood, and Henry, Abbot of Dore. [Ihirlcy Ch. 48 C. ;)!.] •")o. Covenant by Pain de Chaworth and Robert Tybetot to serve Edward, son of Henry III., in the Holy Land with 12 knights for one year, for 1200 marks and their passage, i.e. hire of ship, Avater and horses. Dated at Westminster, 20 July. 54 Hen. III. [1270]. French. With seals. [Add. Ch. li)8-2^'.] '"J4. Commission from Edward, son of Heniy III., to Wfalter GiftardJ, Ai'chbishop of York, and others, to raise funds for the repayment of 5000 marks lent to him by divers merchants on the guarantee of the Knights Hospitallers at Acre, in order that his good fame may not perish and access to credit with others be closed to him (''ut fama nostra non depereat, nee aditus credencie penes alios precludatur '*). Dated at Acre, 6 Apr. 56 Hen. III. [1272J. Latin. With seal. [Ilarlci/ Ch. 43 C. 48.] 55. Confirmation by Henry de Lascy, Earl of "Nichole" \i.e. Lincoln], Constable of Chester, etc., to Bernecestre [Bicester] Priory, of grants by Sir Gilbert Basset and Sir William Lunge- espe, of pasturage for three teams of oxen, fuel-wood out of Bernewode in Bernecestre, and a mill with suit of the tenants, saving free grinding thereat to the grantor. Witnesses : Mens. Roberd fitz Roger, and others. Dated at Bernecestre, 2 Jan. 14 Edw. I. [1286]. French. [Add. Ch. 10624.] 56. Grant by Edward L, as ''superior dominus regni Scocie," to Gilbert [de Clare], Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, of the marriage of Duncan, son and heir of Duncan, late Earl of Fife [murdered in 1 288], provided he be not disparaged. Dated at BerAvick, 25 June, 20th year [1292]. Latin. With Edward's Great Seal for Scotland. [Harkfj Ch. 43 D. 1.] 57. Appointment by Prince Edward [Edward II.] of John [de Pontissera], Bishop of Winchester, Amedeo, Count of Savoy, Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and Otho de Grandison, Knt., as proctors to carry out the treaty of marriage between him and Isabella, daughter of Philip [IV.] of France. Dated at Rokes- bourgh [Roxburgh], Ascension Day [16 May], 1303. LMtin. [Add. Ch. 11303.] 58. Counterpart of a grant in tail by Anthony [de Bek], Bishop of Durham, to Edward, Prince of Wales [Edward II.], of Eltham manor, with lands, etc.. in Craye and Cateford, etc., co. Kent. Witnesses : Robert [de Winchel.sea], Archbp. of Canterbury, John [de Aldreby], Bp. of Lincoln, Walter [de Langton], Bp. of Coventry and Lichfield, Hemy [de Lacy], Earl of Lincoln, and others. Dated at Doncaster, 20 April, 33 Edw. I. [1305]. LMtin. With seal of Prince Edward. [Harley Ch. 43 D. 12.] GJiarters. 45 59. Grant by Eobert de Meysi to Sir Will, de Englefeud of Ivo his "nativus" and all his issue, "and for this grant he gave to me a hawk" ("et pro hac donacione dedit niihi ancipitem," sc. accipitrem). Witnesses : Sir Peter Achard and others. [Temp. Edw. I.] Latin. With seal. [Add. Ch. 20251.] 60. Letters of Queen Philippa [wife of Edward III.] to the Dean and Chapter of St. Paul's, London, desiring them to confirm for life to Eobert de Chikewell, her Chancellor, a lease to him from Henry de Idesworth, canon of St. Paul's, of houses in Ivy-lane, upon which he is otherwise unwilling to carry out costly improvements. Dated at Antwerp, 16 July, 13 [Edw. III., 1339]. French. [Harlei/ Ch. 43 E. 10.] 61. Letters of Edward, Prince of Wales, etc. [the Black Prince], reciting letters of his father Edward III., dated at Calais, 28 Oct. 1360, whereby the term for the fulfilment by the King of France of the articles of the Peace of Bretigny is extended from Michaelmas to All Saints day [1 Nov.] ; and swearing upon the consecrated body of Christ to observe the same. Dated at Boulogne, 31 Oct. [1360]. French. With seal. [Add. Ch. 11308.] 62. Charter of Abbot Peter and the convent of Bitlesden [co. Bucks], admitting to the privileges of confraternity Sir Robert Corbet and Sir Robert Corbet his son, and their wives and children, living or dead ; the two knights undertaking in return to warrant to the Abbey an acre of land and the advowson of the church in Eberton [Ebrington, co. Glouc.]. Dated, Feast of the Conversion of St. Paul [25 Jan.], 1379[80]. Latin. With seal of arms of Robert Corbet. [Harley Ch. 84 F. 5,] 63. Covenant by William de Wyndesore with Richard II. to serve in war for one year under Thomas of Wodestok. Earl of Buckingham, Constable of England, in his expedition to Brittany and France, with a retinue of 200 men-at-arms and 200 archers ; the said William to find 100 men-at-arms for the first half-year at his own cost (save an allowance of 200 livres) by reason of the King's grant to him of lands taken from Alice his wife [Alice Ferrers, mistress of Edward III.] in the King's first Parliament, and the other 100 men-at-arms to consist of himself, one other banneret, 20 knights, and the rest esquires. Dated at Westminster, 10 May, 3rd year [1380]. French. With fragment of the King's Privy Seal. [Add. Ch. 7378.] 64. Notarial certificate of the process by which possession was taken of Tilbury church, co. Essex, by William Tannere, Master of Cobham College, co. Kent, to which it had lately been appro- priated, describing how he laid hold of the door-handle ("anulum hostii "), entered the church, proceeded to the High Altar and touched the chalice, vestments, books, etc., how he then rang the bells, celebrated Mass, and received oblations, how he next went to the rectory ("mansum rectorie"), laid hold of the door- 16 CJuiders. hniullf. aiul ate food aiul diaiik wine and beer in the hall with divers of th»' parisliionois. and liow ho finally appointed Rich. Burle, of Tilhuiy, as his i)roctor to continue possession. Wit- nesses : Sir Walter Chridham, rector of Staplehurst, Sir Roger Wyle, vicar of Tilbury, and others. Dated, IS Dec. 1390. Latin. [Jfarlei/ Cli. 44 C. 35.] (I"). Letters Patent of Henry IV. taking into his protection Sir John Holt and Sir William de Burgh (late Justices of Common Pleas i. who, with Sir Robert Bealknape | late chief Justice of Common Pleas], had been banished to Ireland, 11 Rich. II. 1 1388 I, but had been recalled by statute, 22 Jan. 20 Rich. II. [1397J. Dated at Westminster, 20 Feb. 1 Hen. IV. [1400 1. Latin, the recited statute in French. \Add. CJi. 19853.] G6. Grant of indulgence from Brothers Johii Seyvill and William Hullis, of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, as Proctors of Pope Alexander V., to Sir William Fitz-Hugh and Margery his wife, as contributors to the refortifying of the castle of St. Peter at Budrum, lately captured from the infidels. Dated at Clerkenwell Priory. 1414. IMin. \Cotton CJt. iv. 31.] G7. Indenture whereby Richard Courtenay, Bishop of Norwich, Treasurer of the King's Chamber and Keeper of his Jewels, delivers to Robert Asshefeld, esq., retained to serve the King with three archers beyond sea, certain gold and silver plate as security for .£13 lis. llf?., a quarter's wages. Dated at West- minster, 22 June, 3 Hen. V. [14 15 J. French. [Harley Ch. 43 1. 25. j G8. Quitclaim by Robert de Bridelyngton, of Beverley, "sherman" [clothworker], and Alan Thomson, of Riston, to Robert Dow- thorp, of Beverley, "barker" [tanner], of the moiety of two tenements in Beverley, co. York, one near the cucking-stool pond (" iuxta le cokestulepitt ") and the other in Spineslane. Dated at Beverley, 10 Apr. 8 Hen. V. 1420. Latin. [Add. Ch. 5761.] 09. Petition by Sir Ralph Cromwell to Henry VI. for a writ to the Exchequer to stay proceedings against him for certain homages, reliefs, etc., during his absence beyond sea in the King's service ; supported by the signatures of Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, Henry Beaufort, Cardinal, Henry Chicheley, Archb. of Canterbury, John Kemp, Archb. of York, Chancellor, and other members of the Council. Endorsed with a note of the grant of a writ, 16 Mar. 9 Hen. VI. [1431]. Frcm:h. \ Cotton MS. Vesp. F. iii. f. 9.] 70. Bull of Pope Eugenius IV., granting permission to the Provost and officials of the New College of Eton to lease out their lands, and to receive the rents and apply them to the uses of the College. Dated at Florence, [1 Feb.], 1445. LMtin. [Add. Ch. 15570.] 71. Patent of Edward IV. granting armorial bearings as depicted {az. ten mascles or, on a canton gules the leopard of England Charters. 47 or) to Louis de Brugges de la Gruthuse, Prince de Steenhuse, etc., lately [13 Oct.] created Earl of Winchester. Dated at Westminster, 23 Nov. 12th year [1472J. Latin. Endorsed with a note that the patent was given up to Henry VIL at Calais in 1500 and cancelled. Louis de Bruges died in 1492, and John his son surrendered the earldom as well as the arms in May-June, 1500. [Egerton MS. 2830.] 72. Deed of Fr. Ealph Bekwith, "minister domus de Houndes- lowe" [Hounslow, co. Midd.], and the convent of the same, of the Order of the Holy Trinity and of the Kedemption of Captives, admitting Henry, Prince of Wales [Heney VIII.], to the confraternity of the Order. Dated 1508. At the foot is the form of absolution. Latin. With an initial enclosing Henry's arms, and border of red Tudor roses, with the arms of the Trinitarians and the duchy of Cornwall and an arbitrary coat bearing the three ostrich feathers. [Stowe Ch. 617.] ( 48 ) LITERARY AND OTHER AUTOGRAPHS. The letters and other documents here shown are divided into two series, English and Foreign, and include not only autographs of eminent poets and prose-writers, but those of actors, artists, musicians, philosophers, and theologians. {ENGLISH.) [The first three attached to the pilaster on the right of the large upright case C ; the rest in Case VII. on the left of the entrance to the Students' Room.] 1. William Shakespeare [b. lo6-4 — d. 1616]. Collotype facsimile of a Mortgage by ''William Shakespeare, of Stratford upon Avon. Gentleman," and others, to Henry Walker, citizen of London, of a dwelling-house within the precincts of "the late Black Fryers." Dated, 11 March, 10 Jas. I, 1612 [1613]. Four labels with seals are attached, on the first of which is the signature "W'Shakspe\'' w^Q9c^tfif'^ The first two labels bear seals with the initials H.L., probably belonging to Henry Lawrence, servant to the scrivener who prepared the deed. The original is in the Department. " {FAjerton MS. 1787.1 2. Edmund Spenser [b. 1552 — d. 1599]. Grant from Edmund Spenser, styled " of Kilcolman, Esq.," to — McHenry (a member of the Roche family) of the custody of the woods of Balliganin, etc., in the county of Cork, Ireland. Not dated [about 1589], Eolofiraph. [Add. MS. 19869.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 18. 3. John Milton [b. 1608 — d. 1674]. Original Articles of Agree- ment, dated 27 April, 1667, Vjetween John Milton, gentleman, and Samuel Symmons, printer, for the sale of the copyright of "a Poem intituled Paradise Lost ," the sum paid to the poet being £5 down, with three further i>ayments of <£5 each on the sale of three editions, each of 1,300 copies. Signed "John Milton," with his seal of arms affixed. [Add. MS. 18861.] Presented, in 1852, 6j/ Samuel Bofjers, Esq. Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 21. * Copies of this collotype are sold in the Museum, price two shillings. Literary and other Autographs. 49 Case VII. , Jeremy Taylor, Bishop of Down and Connor [b. 1613 — d. 1667], Letter to Christopher Hatton, Lord Hatton : will send over in the spring the tracts D[uctor] D[ubitantium], etc. ; the king has forgiven the Irish clergy their first fruits and twentieths, and sends over a lieutenant who will excel the Earl of Straffoi'd in his kindness to the church. Dated, Dublin, 23 Nov. 1661. Holograph. [^Add. MS. 29584, f. 6.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 20. , Sir Christopher Wren [b. 1632 — d. 1723 J. Eeport on the design for the Monument of the Fire of London, recommending a brass statue, 15 feet high, for the top of the pillar, as "the noblest finishing that can be found answerable to soe goodly a worke in all mens judgments," though he considers "a ball of copper, 9 foot diametei", cast in severall peeces, with the flames and gilt .... will be most acceptable of anything inferior to a Statue, by reason of the good appearance at distance, and because one may goe up into it, and upon occasion use it for fireworkes." Dated, 28 July, 1675. Holograph. [^Add. MS. 18898, f. 2.] Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 19. John Dryden [b. 1631 — d. 1700J. Letter to [Laurence Hyde, Earl of Rochester, First Lord of the Treasury] : "I know not whether my Lord Sunderland has interceded with your Lordship for half a yeare of my salary. But I have two other advocates, my extreame wants, even almost to arresting, and my ill health. .... If I durst, I wou'd plead a little merit and some hazards of my life .... but I onely thinke I merite not to sterve. .... Be pleasd to looke on me with an eye of compassion ; some small employment wou'd render my condition easy. The king is not unsatisfyed of me, the Duke has often pi'omisd me his assistance ; and your Lordship is the conduit through which their favours passe. Either in the Customes or the Appeales of the Excise, or some other way ; meanes cannot be wanting, if you please to have the will. 'Tis enough for one age to have neglected M^ Cowley and sterv'd M^ Buttler." [1682.] Holo- graph. [Add. MS. 17017, f. 49. J Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 22. . John Locke [b. 1632 — d. 1704]. Letter to Dr. [afterwards Sir Hans] Sloane, with a proposal for the reformation of the Calen- dar, and referring to the performances of a strong man in London and to a new edition of his Fssai; on the Human Under- standing : " The storys I have heard of the performances of the strong man now in London would be beyond beleif were there not soe many witnesses of it. I think they deserve to be com- municated to the present age and recorded to posterity. And therefor I think you cannot omit to give him a place in your transactions, his country, age, stature, bignesse, make, weight, and then the several proofs he has given of his strength, which may be a subject of speculation and enquiry to the philosoiihical world. I took the liberty to send you just before I left the '^>0 Literary aiul other Autographs. town the List edition of my Essay. I doe not intend you shall have it gratis. There are two new Cha)>ters in it, one of the association of Ideas, and another of Enfhusiasive ; these two I expect you should read and give me your opinion frankly upon."' Dated, Gates, 2 Dec. 1(500. Ilolociraph. [Shane 31 S. AOi^'2. f. 5 b. I Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 21. 8. SiK Isaac Newtox |b. 1()42- d. 1727]. Letter to William Briggs, M.D.. commending his "New Theory of Vision." but dissenting from certain jiositions in it : "I have perused your very ingenious Tiieory of Vision, in which (to be free with you, as a friend should be) there seems to be some things more solid and satisfactory, others more disputable, but yet plausibly sug- gested and well deserving the consideration of the ingenious," etc. Dated. Trinity College, Cambridge, 20 June, 1682. Holo- graph. \Add. MS. 4237, f. 32.] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 10. 0. Jonathan Swift, Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin [b. 1667^ d. 1745]. Letter to Mrs. Howard [afterwards Countess of Suffolk ], complaining of the Queen [ Caroline, queen of George II. | having neglected her promise to give him a medal: "I must, now tell you. Madam, that I will receive no medal from Her Majesty, nor any thing less than her picture at half length, drawn by Jervas, and if he takes it horn another original, the Queen shall sit at least twice, for him to touch it up. I desire you will let Her Majesty know this in plain words, although I have heard that I am under her displeasure. But this is a usual thing with Princes as well as Ministers, upon every false representation, and so I took occasion to tell the Queen upon the quarrel Mr. Walpole had with our friend Gay Mr. Gay deserved better treatment amongst you, upon all accounts, and particularly for his excellent unregarded fables dedicated to Prince William, which I hope His Koyal Highness will often read for his instruction. I wish Her Majesty would a little remember what I largely sayd to her about Ireland, when before a witness she gave me leave and commanded to tell here what she spoke to me upon that subject, and ordered me that if I lived to see her in her present station to send her our grieveances, promising to read my letter and do all good offices in her power for this miserable and most loyall Kingdom, now at the brink of ruin, and never so near as now." Dated, Dublin, 21 Nov. 1730. HoloqraphVwWh. signature from another letter]. [Add. MS. 22625, *f. 20.] Presented, in 1858. hij the executors of the Bight Hon. J. W. CroJccr. Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 21. 10. Alexander Pope [b. 1688 — d. 1744], Letter to Lord Halifax, First Lord of the Treasuiy, submitting to him a portion of his translation of Homer [prior to its publication in June, 1715 |, and thanking him for past and promised favours: "While you are doing justice to all the world, I beg you will not forget Homer, if you can spare an hour to attend his cause. I leave Literary and other Autographs, 51 him with you in that hope, and return home full of acknowledg- ments for the Favors your Lordship has done me, and for those ■ you are pleasd to intend me Your Lordship may either cause me to live agveably in the Towne, or contentedly in the Country ; which is really all the Difference I sett between an Easy Fortune and a small one." Dated. -"J Dec. 1714. Holograph. In subsequently publishing this letter Pope omitted some of the expressions of gratitude, his expectations from Halifax not having been fulfilled. [Add. MS. 7121, f. 43.] Bequeathed, in 1829, hy N. Hart. Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 20. 11. Sir Richard Steele [b. 1671 — d. 1729], Letter to Henry Pelham, asking whether the Duke of Newcastle will recall the order of silence imposed upon Drury Lane Theatre ; " but if My Lord insists to keep me out of my right, I must plainly tell you, that is. His Grace by you, that the right of petitioning the King in Council, the Parliament sitting, or the Judges in Westminster Hall, shall be utterly taken from me before I will suffer my very good Lord to send my children a starving." Dated, 27 May, 1720. Holograph. [Add. IIS. 32685, f. 31.] Presented, in 1886, hy the Earl of Chichester. Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 20. 12. Joseph Addison [b. 1672 — d. 1719]. Letter to J. Robethon, Secretary to George I., on the King's accession : " You will find a whole nation in the Highest Joy and throughly sensible of the great Blessings which they promise themselves from His Majestys accession to the Throne. I take the liberty to send you enclosed a poeme written on this occasion by one of our most Eminent hands [? Ambrose Philips], which is indeed a Masterpiece in its kind and tho very short has touched upon all the topics which are most popular among us. I have likewise transmitted to you a Copy of the preamble to the prince of Wales's Patent, which was a very gratefull task imposed on me by the Lords Justices." Dated, St. James's, 4 Sept. 1714. Holograph. [Stowe MS. 227, f. 419.] Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 23. 13. Samuel Richardson, the Novelist [b. 1689 — d. 1761]. Letter to [Cox Macro, D.D.], in defence of '" the compromise between Sir Charles Grandison and Clementina in the article of religion." Dated, Salisbury Court, Fleet Street. 22 March, 1754. Holo- graph. [Add. MS. 32557, f. 176.] Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 25. 14. Henry Fielding [b. 1707 — d. 1754]. Letter, as police-magis- trate, to H. Perkins, a lawyer, with reference to a reported plot against Lord Chancellor Hardwicke on the part of three keepers of gaming-houses which had been closed by his ordei-s : " I have made full enquiry after the three Persons and have a perfect account of them all. Their characters are such that perhaps three more likely men could not he found in the Kingdom for the Hellish Purpose mentioned in the letter." Date. Pekcv Bvssuk IShellky [b, 171)2— d. 1822 1. Letter to T. Moore, concerning the suppression of his " Laon and Cythna " in its original form, and its republication, with alterations, under the title of •' The Kevolt of Islam " : " The truth is that the seclusion of my habits has confined me so much within the circle of my own thoughts, that I have formed to myself a very different measure of approbation or disapprobation for actions than that which is in use among mankind ; and the result of that peculiarity, contrary to my intention, I'evolts and shocks many who might be inclined to sympathise with me in my general views." He refers also to a book published by his wife, and to a literary secret which she has [presumably " Franken- stein "J. Dated, Albion House, Marlow, 10 Dec. 1817. JJolo- graph. [Add. MS. 36878, f. 60.] ZQ. John Keats [b. 1795 — d. 1821]. Letter to his sister Fanny I afterwards Seiiora LlanosJ, at the beginning of his last illness : " 'Tis not yet Consumption, I believe, but it would be were I to remain in this climate all the winter ; so I am thinking of either voyageing or travelling to Italy. Yesterday I received an invitation from Mr. Shelley, a Gentleman residing at Pisa, to spend the winter with him. ... I am glad you like the Poems " [Hyperion, Lamia, etc., then just published). [14 Aug. 1820. | Holograph. [Add. MS. 34019, f. 81. J Presented, in 1891, l)ij Sehorita Eosa Llanos-Keats. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 26. 37. Jake Austen [b. 1775 — d. 1817]. Letter to her sister Cassandra, on domestic incidents, with a reference to the passage of her first novel, " Sense and Sensibility," through the press : '• No indeed, I am never too busy to think of S. and S. I can no more forget it, than a mother can forget her sucking child ; and I am much obliged to you for your enquiries. I have had two sheets to correct, but tlie last only brings us to W| illoughby I's first aj)pearance. " Dated, Sloane St., 25 April, 1 1811 1. Holograph. [Add. MS. 30525, f. 7.] 38. Alfred, Lord Tennyson | b. 1809— d. 1892J. Letter to Mr. W. C. Bennett, with a sketch of the pile of letters which awaited him, ''penny-post maddened," on his return ft'om abroad, including "MS. poems,*' "printed proof-sheets of poems," requests for subscriptions, etc., topped with " letters for autographs," "anonymous insolent letters," and "letters asking explanation of particular passages." [22 Oct. 1864.] Holograph. [Fgerton IIS. 2805, f. l.J Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 28. Literary and other Autogra'phs. 57 39. Elizabeth Barrett Browning [b. 1806 — d. 1861]. Letter to H. F. Chorley, with reference to a poem by her ["A Tale of Villa Franca," published in Poems before Congress, 1860], recently printed in the Athenccum, sending him an additional stanza which had been omitted in the preliminary publication, "because it seemed to me likely to annul any small chance of Athenteum-tolerance," and discussing the state of Italian politics since the battle of Solferino, and other matters: "Is it really true that ' Adam Bede ' is the work of Miss Evans ? The woman (as I have heard of her) and the author (as I read her) do not hold together." Dated, Siena, [Sept.-Oct. 1859]. Holograph. [^Acld. MS. 35155 H.] Presented, in 1897, hyR. Barrett Browning, Esq. Facsimile in Ser. v. no. 30. 40. Robert Browning [b. 1812— d. 1889]. Letter to William G. Kingsland, thanking him for his sympathy with his writings: •■ I can have little doubt but that my writing has been, in the main, too hard for many I should have been pleased to commu* nicate with ; but I never designedly ti-ied to puzzle people, as some of my critics have supposed. On the other hand, I never pretended to offer such literature as should be a substitute for a cigar or a game of dominos to an idle man." Dated, London, 27. Nov. 1868. [Add. MS. 33610 C] Presented, in 1890, hij P. .Tenner Weir. Esq. Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 30. 41. Charlotte Bronte [b. 1816— d. 1855]. Letter to W. S. Williams ('reader' to the firm of Smith, Elder & Co., who published Miss Bronte's novels), on the subject of the life of a governess (which she had herself experienced) : "A governess's experience is frequently indeed bitter, but its results are pre- cious ; the mind, feeling, temper, are there subjected to a discipline equally painful and priceless. I have known many who were unhappy as governesses, but not one who regretted having undergone the ordeal, and scarcely one whose character was not improved, — at once strengthened and purified, fortified and softened, made more enduring for her own afflictions, more considerate for the afflictions of others — by passing through it." Signed "Currer Bell" (her literary pseudonym). Dated, 15 June, 1848 [the year after the publication of Jane Eyrc\ Holograph. [Egerton MS. 2829, ff. 14, 15.] 42. Henry, Lord Brougham and Vaux [b. 1778 — d. 1868 1. Letter to Macvey Napier, on Macaulay's share in the Edinhurgh Review : " As to Macaulay, I only know that he left his party which had twice given him seats in Parliament for nothing . . . and jumped at promotion and gain in India . . . But what think you of his never having called on me since his return ? Yet I made him a Commissioner of Bankrupts in 1827 to the exclusion of my own brother. . . . As he is the second or third greatest bore in society I have ever known, and I have little time to be bored, I dont at all lament it, but I certainly know that he is by others despised for it." Dated, 6 July, 1838. Holograph. [Add. MS. 34619, f. 199. J ">8 Literary and other Autographic. 43. Thomas Bahino.ton Macaulay, afterwards Lokd Macaulay (b. 1800— d. IS")!)]. Letter to Macvey Napier, on Brougham's share in the H(Hnhi(r-ew67/, to Nicolas Boileau Despreaux, the poet, on business mattei-s, with news of the war [with England], the King's health, etc.: "Quelque horreur que vous ayez pour les meschans vers, je vous exhorte a lire Judith [a tragedy by the Abbe Boyer], et sur tout la preface, dont je vous prie de me mander vostre sentiment. Jamais je n'ay rien veu si mesprise que tout cela Test en ce pays cy, et toutes vos predictions sont accomplies." Dated, Compiegne, 4 May, 1695. Holograph. {Add. MS. 21514, f. 45.] 16. Francois Marie Arouet de Voltaire [b. 1694 — d. 1778]. Letter, in English, to George Keate, F.R.S., expressing friend- ship and passing remarks on the literary position of England and France : " Had I not fix'd the seat of my retreat in the free corner of Geneva, I would certainly live in the free kingdom of England, for, tho I do not like the monstruous irregularities of Shakespear, tho I admire but some lively and masterly strokes in his performances, yet I am confident no body in the world looks with a greater veneration on your good philosophers, on the croud of your good authors, and I am these thirty years the disciple of your way of thinking. Your nation is at once a people of warriours and of philosophers. You are now at the pitch of glory in regard to publick affairs. But I know not wether you have preserv'd the reputation your island enjoy'd in point of litterature when Adisson, Congreve, Pope, Swift, were alive." Dated, Aux Delices, 16 Jan. 1760. Holograph. [Add. MS. 30991, f. 13.] Bequeathed, in 1879, ly John Henderson, Esq. Facsimile in Ser. ii. no. 30. 17. Jean Jacques Rousseau [b. 1712 — d. 1778]. Letter, in French, to , giving reasons for his refusal to write further in defence of the Protestants, and referring to what he had already written : " Quand un homme revient d'un long combat hors d'haleine et convert de blessures, est-il terns de Texhorter a prendre les armes tandis qu'on se tient soi-meme en lepos ? .... Mes cheveux gris m'avertissent que je ne suis plus qu'un veteran, mes maux et mes malheurs me prescrivent le repos, et je ne sors point de la lice sans y avoir paye de ma personne." Dated, Metiers, 15 July, 1764. Holograph. [Add. MS. 24024, f. 72. ] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 30. 18. Victor Hugo [b. 1802— d. 1885]. Letter, in French, to 62 Literary and other Autographs. Charles Oriffin, i)ul)lislier, declining to correct the proof of the notice of his life in the Dictioiiarif of Contemporary Biography: •'Quehiues petits faits inexacts sont moins graves ;i mes yeux <]ue Tinexactitiule des appreciations. Or, je comprends que sin- ce point toute liberie doit etre laissee a Tauteur de la biographie, dont je reconnais dii reste avec empressement la parfaite politesse et la jiarfaite bonne foi." Dated, Hautville House [Jersey], 1 March, 18G0. lloJograplu [Add. MS. 28510, f. 269. J 19. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz (b. 1646— d. 1716]. Letter, in Latin, to Sir Hans Sloane, Secretary to the Royal Society, complaining of a statement made by Dr. Keill in the Trans- actions of the Eoj^al Society to the effect that Leibnitz had derived his method of differential calculus from Sir Isaac Newton's method of fluxions and had published it, with a mere change of name, as his own discovery ; protesting his complete independence of Newton ("'vir excellentissimus "), and asking for a public withdrawal of the calumny. Dated, Berlin, 4 March, 1711. Holograph. The controversy as to priority and independence in this great mathematical discovery lasted long after the death of both Leibnitz and Newton. [Sloane MS. 4042, f. 263.] 20. Immanuel Kant [b. 1724 — d. 1804]. Letter, in German, to D. Biester, royal librarian at Berlin, apologising for delay in sending contributions to the Berliner Monatssehrift : " Bedenken Sie indessen, werthester Freund ! 66 Jahre alt, immer durch Unpaslichkeit gestohrt, in Planen, die icli nur noch zur Hiilfte ausgefiihrt habe und durch allerley schriftliche oder auch offent- liche Aufforderungen von meinem Wege abgelenkt, wie schweer wird es mir alles, was ich mir als meine Pflicht denke, zu erfiillen, oline hier oder da eine zu verabsiiumen." Dated, Koenigsberg, 29 Dec. 1789. Holograph. [Add. MS. 28167, f. 76.] 21. JoHANN Wolfgang von Goethe [b. 1749— d. 1832]. Tran- script of the Chorus of Spirits, sung around the sleeping Faust, in the first scene of the Second Part of '" Faust," beginning : — "Wenn sich lau die Lvifte fiillen IJiii den jTrunumschriinkten Plan, Siisse Diifte, Nebelhiillen, Senkt die Dammerung heran." Holograph. \Egerton MS. 2829, f. 13.] 22. JoHANN Christoph Fkiedrich von Scuiller [b. 1759 — d. 1805]. Letter, in German, to [Karl Theodor Korner] on domestic matters, with remarks upon C. F. Zelte's satisfactory setting of his ballad " Der Taucher " to music, upon F. Schlegel's tragedy " Alarcos " and Goethe's support of it, and upon W. Schlegel's tragedy "Ion." Dated, Weimar, 5 July, 1802. Holograph. [Add. MS. 29804, f. 3.] 23. Heinrich Heine [b. 1799 — d. 1856]. Letter, in French, to Literary and other Autograiilis, 63 , returning a volume of Goethe with adverse comments, and adding ''Depuis 10 jours je suis ici, jouissant d'une parfaite solitude, car je suis entourre de la mer, de bois, et d'Anglais, qui sont aussi muet que le bois — je ne veux pas dire aussi holsern." Dated, Boulogne, 15 July, 1834. Holograph. [Add. MS. 33964, f. 433.] Bequeathed, in 1891, hy A. G. Kurtz, Esq. 24. George Frederick Handel [b. 1685 — d. 1759]. Letter to [the Keeper of the Ordnance Office], requesting him to deliver ithe artillery kettle-drums lent to him for use in his oratorios. Dated, 24 Feb. 1750. Holograph. [Add. MS. 24182, f. 15.] 25. George Frederick Handel. Portion of the original manu- script of the anthem "As pants the hart." llotoriraph. [Add. MS. 30308, f. 130.] 26. JoHANN Sebastian Bach [b. 1685 — d. 1750]. Fugue in A flat, from the volume entitled Das wohltcmperirte Klavier, Part II; published in 1744. Holograph. [Add. MS. 35021, f. 14.] Bequeathed, in 1896, hy Miss Eliza Wesley. 27. Joseph Haydn [b. 1732 — d. 1809]. Letter, in German, to William Forster, musical instrument maker, complaining of Artaria, the music publisher of Vienna, and mentioning the enhanced value of his compositions and that he had a contract for six pieces for upwards of 100 guineas. Dated, Esterhazy, 28 Feb. 1788. Holograph. [Egerton MS. 2380, f. 9.] 28. JoHANN Chrysostom Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart [b. 1756 — d. 1791]. Score of the 130th Psalm (' De Profundis '), in Latin, for four voices with organ accompaniment. [ 1 770 ? | Holograph. [Add. MS. 31748, f. 1.] 29. LuDWiG VAN Beethoven [b. 1770 — d. 1827]. Sketch of music of "Adelaide," from a note-book containing rough drafts of several of his compositions. [1795?] ifoZor/>-a/>//. with signature from a letter written about 1808. \Add. MS. 29801, f. 44.] 30. Egbert Alexander Schumann [Id. 1810 — d. 1856]. Sonata in F minor (op. 14), dedicated to I. Moscheles. It is described by the composer as " Concert pour Piano seul," and bears the imprimatur of the publisher, Haslinger, dated 30 July, 1836. Holograph. [Add. MS. 37056, f. 3. J 31. Franz Peter Schubert [b. 1797 — d. 1828]. " Fantasia" Sonata in G (op. 78), dated Oct. 1826. The page exhibited shows the Andante movement. Holograph. [Add. MS. 36738, f. 7. J rre^cntcd, in 1902, hy John Ernst Perabo, Esq., of Boston, U.S.A. 32. Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy [b. 1809— d. 1847]. Setting of the 13th Psalm (in the version of C. B. Broadley, to whom it is dedicated) as a mezzo-soprano or alto solo, with organ accompaniment. Dated, Leipzig, 14 Dec. 1840. Holograph. [Add. MS. 31801, f. 3.] 33. WiLHELM Richard Wagner [b. 1813 — d. 1883 1. Sketch of the People's Chorus, melody and bass only, from the end of the 2nd act of "Rienzi." [1839?] Holoqraph. [Egerton MS. 2746, f. 3.] ( 6t. ) ROYAL BOOKS. These MSS. are volumes formerly belonging to royal owners (with whom is reckoned the Protector Somerset), and have inscriptions or associations of personal interest. [In Case IX. against the wall on the left side of the entrance to the King's Library.] 1. Henry VII. and VIII. Book of Hours, etc., in Latin ; written late in the loth century, and illuminated in Flemish style. The volume seems to have belonged to a lady in the court of the Tudor Kings, and contains autofiraph inscriptions by Henry VII. ("' Madame I pray you Remembre me, your lovyng maistre, Henry R.") and Elizabeth his Queen (''Madam I pray you forget not me to pray to God that I may have part of your prayers, Elysabeth y^ queue"), Henr^' VIII. ("Henry R.") and Queen Katherine of Aragon ('• I thinke the prayrs of a frend be most acceptable unto God. and because I take you for one of myn assured I pray you to remembre me in yours, Katherina the queue," the last two words having been sub- sequently obliterated). On f. 192 b is a prayer translated from Latin by Princess [afterwards QueenJ Mary in her 11th year; and below, an cudojirdph inscription liy the Princess ('*I have red that no body lyvethe as he shulde doo but he that foloweth vertu, and I rekenyng you to -be on of them I pray you to rememln-e me in your devocyons. Marye the princess," the last two w^ords having been sul^sequently obliterated). \^Add. MS. 17012. ] Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 2. 2. Henry VIII. Metrical version of the Penitential and other Psalms, in J-jif/lish \ by John Croke, Clerk in Chancery] ; wa-itten early in the Kith century. With a portrait of Heniy VIII. Bound in gold, worked in open leaf-tracery, with remains of black enamel. At the top of the covers are rings to attach the volume to the girdle. Traditionally said to have been given by Queen Anne Boleyn. when on thejscaffold, to one of her maids of honour. \S(otce MS. 956. j 3. Edward VI. Treatise on the Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ, in French, composed in 1549 by King Edward VI., and written with his own hand ; with corrections by his tutor. [Add. MS 29432.] p. 65, no. 5. PRAYER BOOK OF LADY JANE GREY. Royal Books. 65 4. Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset. A small volume con- taining the Calendar, and various tables for the movable feasts, epacts, etc. ; and having on the flyleaf some Scriptural verses ■written by the Duke of Somerset " fro me the toware [the Tower J the day before my dethe, 1551."' He was executed on 22 Jan. 155i. The last sentence is "Be not wise in thyne owne con- seyte, but fere the lord and fle frome evile." [^Stoive MS. 1066.] 5. Lady Jane Grey. A small Manual of Prayers, written on vellum, with miniatures ; believed to have been used by Lady Jane Grey on the scaffold, 12 Feb. 155f. It contains on the margins some lines in the handwriting of Lady Jane, addressed to Sir John Gage, Lieutenant of the Tower, and to the Duke of Suffolk, her father: to the former, ''[The] Precher sayethe there is a tyme to be borne and a tyme to dye and the daye of deathe is better then the daye of oure birthe. youres as the lorde knowethe trew frende, Jane Duddeley " ; and to the latter, " The Lorde comforte your grace and that in his worde whearein all creatures onlye are to be comforted, and thoughe it hathe pleased God to take awaye ii of youre childi'en, yet thinke not, I moste humblye beseche your grace, that you have loste them, but truste that we by leasinge thys mortall life have wunne an immortal life, and I for my parte, as I have honoured youre grace in thys life, wyll praye for you in another life, youre gracys humble daughter, Jane Duddley." [Harley MS. 2342.] 6. Elizabeth, when Princess. Prayers or Meditations, composed originally in English by Queen Katherine Parr, and translated into Latin, French, and Italian, by Queen Elizabeth, when Princess. Entirely in her own hand, on vellum ; with a dedi- cation to her father, Henry VIIL, dated, Hertford, 20 Dec. 1545. In silk binding, embroidered with silver. [Boijal MS. 7 D. x.] 7. James I. BA2IAIKON AfiPON, or Book of the Institution of a Prince ; written by King James for the instruction of his son. Prince Henry. Wholly in the King's hand ; and in the original binding of crimson velvet, with the King's initials and the arms of Scotland, in gold. [Boyal MS. 18 B. xv.] 8. Charles I., when Prince. " Florum Flores, sive Florum ex veterum Poetarum floribus excei'ptorum Flores " : a selection of passages from the classical Latin Poets, entirely in the hand of Prince Charles, and presented by him to his father James I. as a new year's gift. [Boyal MS. 12 D. viii.] ( G6 ) AUTOCAR A PH LITERARY AVORKS. [Ill Casos X. and XI. on cither side of tlie entrance to the King's Library.] 1. Percy Ballads. The volume of English Ballads and Koman- ces. repivsenting the ballad literature of mediaeval England, from which Bishop Percy selected the poems published in 1705 under the title of '• Koliques of Ancient English Poetry " ; written in the middle of the 17th century. [Add. MS. 27879.] •2. Cardinal WoLSEY [b. 1471— d. 1530]. The Life of Cardinal Wolsey. by George Cavendish, his Gentleman Usher. The original MS. [Egcrton MS. 2402.] 3. William Cecil, Lord Burgiiley [b. 1520 — d. 1598]. Memo- randum-book of public and private business, about 1592. The page exhibited contains a list of the ships of the Royal Navy, with their stations, tonnage, and crews. [Boyal 3IS. App. 67.] 4. Sir Francis Bacon ( b. 1561 — d. 1626]. Memorandum-ljook of Sir F. Bacon, afterwards Lord Verulam and Viscount St. Albans, containing memoranda for public and private business, literary notes, etc., entered in July and August, 1608. [Add. MS. 27278. ] 5. Bex Jonsox [b. 1574 — d. 1637 |. *' The Masque of Queenes," represented at Whitehall, 2 Feb. 1609. In the autograph of the author, with a dedicatory address to Prince Henry. [lioyal MS. 18 A. XIV. j Facshnilc in Ser. iii. no. 18. 6. Sir Walter Ralegh [b. 1552 ? — d. 1618]. Journal of his second voyage to Guiana, from 19 Aug. 1617 to 13 Feb. 1618, in search of gold. From 30 Oct. to 11 Nov. he was disabled by fever, and the change of hand at f. 172, 1. 11, shows where he resumed his Journal on his recovery. Holograph. The failure of this expedition, and the acts of hostility against Spain done in the course of it, led to his execution shortly after his return home [29 Oct. 1618 L | Cotton MS. Titus B. viii.J Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 6. 7. William Harvey [b. 1578 — d. 1657]. Original notes for Lectures on Universal Anatomy, delivered on 16, 17 and 18 April, 1616. conbxining the first public statement of his discovery of the circulation of the blood. One of the pages shown (f. 80 1)) contains the conclusion of his demonstration of this discovery : '' unde d[emonstratum est I perpetuum sanguinis motum in circulo fieri pulsu cordis." [Sloane MS. 230.] 8. Philip Massinger [b. 1583— d. 1640]. "Believe as you List " ; the unique autograph MS. of this tragedy, as submitted for approval to Sir H. Herbert, Master of the Revels, and bearing his license, dated 6 May, 1631. This is the only known auto- graph work of any eminent dramatist of the Elizabethan period, p. 07, no. ;l. loo^ cite lenfnj AiV^ an lr a-{h>y (fm kc ScLcUck f^f9 c I " f •A^y ^^^'^^^r). ua^ born o-n.SKndtr ^a^ /Ant (J- M^)yhl(fX> BIBLE OF JOHN MILTON. Autogrcqyh Literary Works, etc. 67 except the masques of Ben Jonson [see no. 5, above]. Stage directions, etc., have been added b}'^ other hands. \Egerton MS. 2828. j 9. JoHx Milton [b. 1G08— d. 1674]. The Holy Bible : Printed by Robert Barker, London, 1612. The copy which formerly belonged to John Milton, who has entered, in his own hand, on a blank page, memoranda of the births, etc., of himself and members of his family ; others being added by a different hand under Milton's direction. [Add. MS. 32310.] FacsiwUe in Ser. ii. no. 18. 10. John Milton. Commonplace-book, containing notes and extracts on moral, social, and political topics, especially marriage and divorce, laws, monarchy, taxation, etc. ; mainly in Milton's own hand, with some additions by amanuenses. [About 1630- 1650. J [Add. MS. 36354.] 11. John Locke [b. 1632 — d. 1704]. Original Diary and Note-book kept by John Locke during 1679, partly at Paris and partly in England. [Add. MS. 15(M2.] 12. Samuel Butler [b. 1612 — d. 1680]. Draft of a passage in "Hudibras" (iii. 3, 1. 621), from a volume of autograph literary remains in prose and verse, many of them unpiublished. [Add. MS 32625, f. 139.] 13. Daniel Defoe [b. 1661?— d. 1731]. The original MS. of ''The Complpat English Gentleman " ; written about 1729. [Add. JIS. 32555.] 14. .JoNATHANSwiFT[b. 1667— d. 1745]. The ''Journal to Stella"; the original journal-letters sent by Swift, while resident in England, to Esther Johnson, 1710-1713. First printed in Hawkesworth's edition of Swift's works in 1766. [Add. MS. 4804.] 15. Alexander Pope [b. 1688 — d. 1744]. A volume of the original draft of Pope's Translation of the Iliad and Odyssey, in his own hand and for the most part written upon the backs of letters addressed to himself. [Add. 3IS. 4808.] Presented, in 1766, by 3Irs. Lucjj Mallet. 16. Laurence Sterne [b. 1713— d. 1768]. The first part of the corrected draft of "A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy," by Laurence Sterne, M.A. [1767] ; in the author's own hand. The page exhibited contains the mention of "Eliza" and her picture referred to in his Journal [see the next MS. exhibited, no. 17j. [Egnion MS. 1610.] Facsimde in Ser. iv. no. 24. 17. Laurence Sterne. "The Bramine's Journal," being Sterne's Journal addressed to Mrs. Eliza Draper after her departure for India. It extends from 13 April [1767] to 4 Aug., with a post- script on 1 Nov., and is entirely in the author's hand. It is full of expressions of extreme devotion, and was discontinued on the arrival of Mrs. Sterne. At the beginning is a note (evidently prefixed with a view to publication) stating that the names are F 2 ()8 Autograph Literar)/ ]V(>r/,:<, dr. fictitious and ilu> wlioli- translated fmm a French manuscript. The page exhil>ite(l contains the tntry lor 17 June: "I have hrou,u;ht your name Kliza ! ami Picture into my work" \Tlic Srnt'nni )ital Joitnicif, see the page exhihited above, no. IGJ — *' wliere they will remain — when j'ou and I are at rest for ever. Some annot,:itor or explainer of my works in this place will take occasion to speuk of the Friendship which subsisted so long and faithfully betwixt Yorick and the Lady he speaks of." See also the letter of W. M. Thackeray exhibited in Case YIT. no. 45, written after reading the MS. [Add. JIS. 34527.) Bequeathed, in 1894, hrj T. W. Gibbs, i:sq. 18. Dr. Samuel Johxsok [b. 1709 — d. 1784]. Original draft of Dr. Johnson's Tragedy of '' Irene," acted at Drury Lane in 1749 ; in the author's own hand. \ King's 3IS. 306. J 19. Edward Gibbon [b. 1737 — d. 1794]. Antobiographical Memoirs, being the six sketches of parts of his life from which the "Memoirs of M3' Life and Writings" were selected and put together after his death by Lord Sheffield. The pages exhibited Ijelong to the fifth of these sketches, and contain the well-known narrative of his first conception of the idea of writing his history : "It was at Eome, on the fifteenth of October, 1764, as I sat musing amidst the ruins of the Capitol, while the bare-footed frj'ars were singing Vespers in the temple of Jupiter, that I conceived the first thought of my history." lIolo(iraph. [Add. MS. 34874. j 20. Thomas Chattertox [b. 1752 — d. 1770J. '"Eclogues and other Poems, by Thomas EoAvley, with a glossary and annotations by Thomas Chatterton " : being a portion of the literary forgeries of Chatterton, in his own hand, written about 1767-8. [Add. JIS. 24890. 1 21. Thomas Gray [b. 1716 — d. 1771]. '"Elegy wx'itten in a Country Churchyard " ; a fair copy, enclosed in a letter to Dr. Thomas Warton. Dated, Cambridge, 18 Dec. [1750]. The poem had already circulated privately to some extent, )mt was not published until Feb. 1751. Jlolograph. [Egerton MS. 2400. f. 45. J Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 22. 22. Gilbert White [b. 1720— d. 1793]. Letters to T. Pennant, from 10 Aug. 1767 to 8 July, 1773, being the original form of most of the first part of the Natural Historg of Selborne. The pages exhibited contain his description of the sedge warbler, a reference to speculations as to the origin of species peculiar to America, and part of White's poem, ""The Xaturalist's Summer Evening Walk." [29 Mav, 1769.] Holograph. [Add. MS. 35138.] 23. William Cowpeb [b. 1731— d. 1800J. " The Entertaining and facetious Histoiy of John Gilpin, showing how he went farther than he intended and came home safe at last. To the tune of Chevy Chace." Copy in the poet's own hand, apparently sent by him to the Eev. W. Unwin. [1782.] [Add. MS. 24155, f. 31.] Autograph Literary Worls, etc. 69 Case XI. '2i. Robert Burns [b. 1759— d. 1796 J. The original MS. of the Autobiography of Robert Burns, contained in a letter to Dr. John Moore, dated. Mauchline, 2 Aug. 1787 ; with a postscript, dated, Edinburgh, 23 Sept. of the same year. [Egetion MS. 1660.] 25. George Gordon, Lord Byron [b. 1 788— d. 1824]. " Childe Harold's Pilgrimage : a Romaunt." The first and second cantos, as coj^ied for the press for the first edition, London, 1812 ; with corrections and notes in the author's own hand. [^Egerton JIS. 2027.J 26. Samuel Taylor Coleridge [b. 1772 — d. 1834]. Literary remains, in prose and verse. Holograplt. The first page exhibited (f. 8 b) contains the conclusion of the " Hj^mn l^efore Sunrise in the Vale of Chamouny," signed, and with the note " S. T. Coleridge intreats Mrs. Brabant to excuse the slovenly state into which this Copy has degenerated from Candles and Carelessness It is however a correct Copy, and the only correct Copy in existence." Facsimile in Ser. i. no. 24. The second page (f. 2) is from a school exercise, entitled '' Dura Navis," written in his 15th year, with a note added in his 51st: " I well remember old Jemmy Bowyer, the plagose Orljilius of Christ's Hospital, but an admirable Educer no less than Educator of the Intellect, bad me leave out as many epithets as would turn the whole into 8-syllable Lines, — and then ask myself if the Exercise would not be greatly improved. How often have I thought of this proposal since then— and how many thousand bloated and puffing lines have I read that by this process would have tripped over the tongue excellently." [^Add. JIS. 34225.] 27. Charles Lamb [b. 1775 — d. 1834]. Extracts from the Garrick Plays in the British Museum, contributed by Lamb to Hone's Tabic Boole. [1826. J One of the two original note-books into which the selected passages were copied, in Lamb's own hand throughout. The page exhibited contains a scene from " Arden of Feversham," a play supposed by some critics to have been written, at least in part, by Shakespeare. | Add. 2LS. 9956.] Presented, in 1835, hi/ Mr. E. Moxon. 28. Robert Southey [b. 1774- d. 1843]. "The Curse of Ke- hama " ; an early autograph copy of the j^oem, sent sheet by sheet in letters to the poet's brother, Capt. T. Southey, R.N., in the course of 1809. Many alterations were made in it before its publication in 1810. [Add. MS. 36485.] 29. Sir Walter Scott | b. 1771 — d. 1832]. Autograph manu- script of the novel of " Kenilworth," by Sir Walter Scott, corrected for tlie press ; written between Sept. 1820 and Jan. 1821. [Eycrton MS. 1661. J Facsimile in Ser. iii. no. 27. 7 Autofirvpli Litrrary Works, ctr. ;>(>. Peiuy Bysshe Siif.llky [b. 17i>2 — d. 1S22]. Autograph copy of his song, "Whoa the hiinp is shattered." [Add. MS. 07-232, f. 75. 1 81. John Kkats [b. 175»~)— d. 1S21]. Autograph manuscript of *' IIyi>erion," with many alterations in the poet's own hand. Written between Sept. 1817 and Aprih ISIS, and first printed (with "Lamia'' and other poems) in 1S20. The MS. was apparently given by Keats to Leigh Hunt, whose son, Thornton Hunt, gave it about 1S(J2 to Miss Alice Bird, who enabled the Museum to acquire it in 1904. 32. .ToH.v Keats. Note-book, containing autograph copies of "The Pot of Basil," an Ode (" Souls of Poets dead and gone"), and "The Eve of St. Mark," written 181S-19 and sent by the poet to his brother George in America ; with transcripts. ai>pa- rently by Mrs. George Keats, of "Saint Agnes' Eve" and several of the shorter poems, evidently from early autograph drafts. All the poems differ more or less from the printed copies. "The Eve of Saint Mark," here exhibited, is obviously the first draft of the poem, with corrections bringing it into the form in which it was subsequently published by Lord Houghton from a copy found among Keats' papers after his death . [ Ju/erton JIS. 2 780. ] 33. Thomas Babington Macaulay, afterwards Lord Macaulat I b. 1800— d. 1859]. Article on "'Warren Hastings'' contri- buted to the Edinhimih lirckn- in April, 1839 ; the original MS. as sent to press. The page exhibited contains part of the cele- brated description of the scene in Westminster Hall at the opening of the trial of Hastings. \^Add. MS. 34629, f. 175 b. ) 34. Charlotte Broxtk | b. 1816— d. 1855]. "The Spell, an Extravaganza. By Lord Charles Albert Florian Wellesley " ; with other stories and fragments written in 1834-5, but never published. In a feigned hand ; with signatures and dates in her natural hand. [Add. 21S. 34255. ] 35. Walter Savage Laxdor | b. 1775 — d. 1864J. Autograph Poems, etc., consisting mainly of the shorter pieces published in his "Heroic Idyls" (1863). written, according to his custom, on small scraps of paper. The page exhibited contains the lines addressed to Chaucer. [-<4(/(/. MS. 35070.] Presented, in 1896, hj A. de A'oe Walker, Esq., M.B. 36. John Henry Newman, afterwards Cardinal [b. 1801 — d. 1890]. "The Dream of Gerontius": the actual copy sent to the printers of the Month magazine, in which it first appeared, with antof/raplt additions and corrections. On the j^age exhibited the last three lines, together with the signature, are mtto'iraplt- [186.5. J |YlrW. J// Hallam, Lord Tennyson. Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 28, p. 70, no. 32. il^u^ CL D oM uMT cia^ ^/ fccL I til ClA^ (-<^ i^^ i&-tvL wU^-cJ (niAJL 7 fi^t 1 ci'U '.il ^CL(u^ irU ItL iUiAt^ ^d(Mi IcumJ^ ' cr^, •^'w?t ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON. Autograph Literary Works, etc. 71 38. George Eliot [pseudonym of Marian Evans, b. 1819 — d, 1880 j. "Adam IBede": the original MS., with dedication at the beginning, '" To ray dear husband, George Henry Lewes, I give this MS. of a work which would never have been written but for the happiness which his love has conferred on my life. Marian Lewes, March 28, 1859." A note is appended, stating that the work was begun on the 22 Oct. 1857 and finished on 16 Nov. 1858. "A large portion of it was written twice, though often scarcely at all altered in the copying ; but other parts only once." The page exhibited is from one of the passages specified as having been written only once. [^Add. 3IS. o4;020.J Bequeathed bij the authoress. Facsimile in Ser. iv. no. 27. 39. Herbert Spencer [b. 1820— d. 1904]. ''The Data of Ethics " ; rough notes, and also the finished MS. 1879. [Add. MS. 36895.] Bequeathed hj the authcn: {FOJREIGN.) 40. Lionardo da Vinci [b. 1452 — d. 1519J. Book of observa- tions and demonstrations, in Italian, on subjects chiefly of mixed mathematics, being unconnected notes entered at diffei'- ent times, beginning 22 March, 1508. Written in his own hand from right to left in reversed letters. [Arundel 3IS. 263.] 41. Michelangelo Buonarroti fb. 1474 — d. 1564]. Autograph draft of a poem [Madrigale lii., ed. Guasti I, in Italian, differing from the five other forms in which it is known ; on a sheet containing pencil drawings. [Add. MS. 21907, f. 1.] 42. Albert DiJRER [b. 1471 — d. 1528J. One of four volumes of sketches, with rough drafts of portions of the text in German, for various works on Art, especially on the Proportions of the Human Body, Fortification, and Architecture. The pages exhibited contain designs for roofs, with explanatory text, all in Diirer's hand. [Sloane MS. 5229.] 43. ToRQUATo Tasso [b. 1544 — d. 1595]. The autograph manu- script of his tragedy " Torismondo,'' with numerous cori'ections. From the library of Cardinal Cibo. [Add. MS. 23778. J 44. Lope Felix de Vega Carpio [b. 1562— d. 1635]. Comedies, in Spanislt, in the author's own hand, 1624-1628. The volume is open at the end of the Third Act of " Sin secreto no ai Amor." showing the poet's signature, and the licence for the piece to be acted, dated, 13 Dec. 1626. [I'fjerton 3IS. 548.] ( '2 ) 3IANUSCRIPTS. In Cases A — F. ■vvliich occupy the middle of the room, is exhibited a series of MSlS.. which, apart from tlie interest of their contents, illustrate the progress of handwriting. Cases A and B contain Greek M8S., from the 8rd century before Christ to the loth century, when hand- written books were suj^erseded )ty the invention of printing. The material on which Greek books were written in classical times, and down to aliout the 4th century after Christ, was papyrus, a material resembling jiaper, made out of the stem of the papyrus plant, which grew in Egypt. This was made into large rolls, on which literaiy matter was written in columns, corresj^onding roughly in size to the pages in modern books. Specimens of papyrus MSS. are shown in Case A. For literary works the style of writing was pi-operly that known as uncial, or capital letters seldom or not at all attached to one another [see Xos. 1. o. 4. 5. 8, 9, 10, 33] ; while for the ordinary purposes of every-day life a cursive or running hand was employed, as at the present day [see Nos. 12— 32j. Occasionally a literaiy work was transcribed in a cursive, or non-literary, hand [see No. 7'. but such coi>ies were intended for private use, not for public circulation. About the 4th century vellum or parchment superseded papyrus as the material commonly used for literary purposes, and the modern book form, with pages, was adopted in place of the earlier roll form. Manuscripts on papyrus are occasionally found in book form ; but these belong only to the i)eriod of transition. For private purposes papjaus continued in use much later, till about the ts. continuous part of the papyrus roll in its present mutilated con- ilition. The subjects aro "The Sons of Antenor," "Heracles," *' Theseus and l\Iinos." "Theseus at Athens," "Ic»,"und "Idas." \rap. ~:V.\.\ 4. IIoMKu's Ii.iad: fragments of books xxiii. and xxiv. Found in Eiryj^t. Tlie I\IS. when complete was a roll of about 20 ft. in loni;th, containing \'-\ or 44 columns. The critical marks of Aristarchus have l)oen added in some cases, and a few scholia. The part exhibited contains II. xxiv., 11. 1(54-248. Written in a fine, square uncial hand, probabl}' in the 1st century b. c. \rap. 1-28.] o. Homer's Odyssey, book iii., 11. 283-497. The earliest extant JfS. of anil portion of (he 2^oein. Found in Egypt. Carefully written in a graceful imcial hand, early in the 1st century ; with scholia in a small cursive hand, added about the end of that century. | Pap. 270. | 0. IIvPEKiDEs: fragments of a roll (about 28 feet long when complete) containing the orations against Demosthenes and in defence of Lycophron and of Euxenippus. TJie onJji extant MS. of these orations. Found in a tomb at Gournou in the district of Western Thebes in Egypt, in 1847. Written in graceful rounded uncials, probably towards the end of the 1st century. {Pa}). 108. j 7. Aki.stotle ox the Constitutiox of Athens. The onh/ extant MS. of the icorl; brought from Egypt in 1890. Written about A. D. 100 in four rolls, in four different hands, on the back of papyrus which had already been used [in a.d. 78-79J for the accompts of a farm-bailiff named Didymus, near Hermopolis. The portion exhibited is the latter part of the first roll, written in a small cursive (/. c. running) hand with abbreviations. [Pap. 131 verso. \ 8. The Mimes of Herodas : Y>avt of an incomplete roll, about 15 ft. in length, containing seven poems, with small portions of at least two more. The onli/ extant MS. of this author, brought from Egypt in 1890. The jmrt exhibited contains the dramatic sketch (in choliambic verse) entitled "The Schoolmaster," describing the flogging of a scapegrace boy. Written in a small, clear uncial hand, in the 1st or 2nd century. [Paj). 135. | 9. Homer's Iliad : portions of books xiii. and xiv. Found in Egypt. The 3IS. when complete was a roll of about 16 ft. in length, containing 36 columns. The part exhibited contains //. xiii., 11. 187-301. Written in a firm, well-formed uncial hand of medium size, in the 1st or 2nd century. [Pap. 732. J 10. Sai'I'Ho: five stanzas of Sapphic verse, being a portion of an otherwise unknown ode, addressed to her brother, Charaxus. Written in a slojung uncial hand of medium size ; the letter Digamma is written in 1. 6. 3rd cent. [Pa})- 739. J Presented, in 1900, b)j the F^gijpt Exploration Fund. 11. Psalter: fragment, containing Ps. xii. 7-xv. 4. One of the Greek Manuscrvpti^. 75 earliest MSS. of any portion of the Bible at present hioini to he in existence. Found in Egypt in 1892. Written stichonietrically ; and a second hand has marked oft' the syllables by a dot over the end of each, probably for the purpose of reading or singing in school. Written in a well-formed uncial hand. Late ord or early -tth century. yPap. 2oO.J 12. Will of Aphrodisius of Heraclea, a resident in Crocodilopolis [ArsinoeJ in Egypt. Written in a fine semi-cursive hand. B.C. 226-5. Found (like no. 1) in the cartonnage of a mummy- case. [Fap. 493.] 13. Petition addressed to Ptolemy [Euergetes I.] by ;i soldier, com- plaining of an assault upon him by a person named Cephalon. Written in a very cursive hand. b. c. 222. [Poj;. 106.J 14. Taxing account, from the village of Ptolemaidis Hormus in the Fayum. Written in a clear semi-cursive hand. 3rd cent. b. c. [Pap. 577. 1 15. Letter from Ammonius, a Treasury clerk in the district of Oxyrhynchus, to Phaies, the Oeconomus, or principal revenue official of the district, reporting that he has been suddenly arrested and put in prison. 3rd cent. b. c. [Pap. 528. J 1(5. Petition from Ptolemy the Macedonian, a recluse in the Temple of Serapis at Memphis, to the .strategus Dionysius, comi)laining of an assault made upon him by several of the Egyptian attendants in the temple, who disliked him because he was a Greek. Written in slightly cursive uncials, b. c. 161. \Pap. 44.] 17. Loan of 35 artabas of wheat from Apollonia, wife of Druton, to Apollonius and his wife Herais, to be rei:»aid without interest after the next harvest. Written in a small, regular cursive hand. b.c. 132. [Pap. (SVi.] 18. Loan of six measures of wine from Petearsemtheus to Psem- menches, without interest. From the Pathj'rite nonie in Upper Egypt. Written in a rather thick cursive hand. B.C. 106-5, [Pap. 658,] Presented, in 1896, hi/ E. It. Bevan, Esq. 19. Annual return, of the nature of a census-paper, addressed by Pnepheros, an agricultural labourer, to Apollonius, the village secretary ; written in a small cursive hand, with abbreviations. 28 Jan., b.c. 19. [Pap. 646. J 20. Petition addressed to Gains Tyrrhanius, Prefect of Egypt, by Satabous, an agricultural labourer, and his son, for redress of an injury done to them, and release from unjust imprisonment. Written very carefully, in a handsome uncial hand. About B.C. 10. [Pajh 354.] 21. Petition addressed to Gains Vitrasius Pollio, Prefect of Egypt, by Versenuphis for assistance to recover property left to him and his brothers by their fathei-, which had been seized by their elder married sister. Written in a large, clear uncial hand, a,d, 40-41, \Pa2). 177,] 22. Keceipt given by Chaeremon to thiee tenants of his land, for 76 (irceic Mdnuscripts. a portion of the produce of the land, paid to him as rent. Written in a. stron<:;ly-niark(Hl semi-cursive liand. i'."> Aug., A.n. -IS. ( ;>„;,. l:]Ort.| -'■I. Tmrkk C'kktifuatks granted to natives of tlie village of SocMiopaei Nesus (in the Fnyum), of having performed the statutory five days' labour <»n the embankments. Written in a very small lursive hand, with the signature of Dionysius. the othcial granting the certificate, in large, rather rough uncials. •J Aug. A. P. 41>. |7'(/;). 1(')5. | -i. Kecori) of sale by Didymus, also named Diodorus, and Diodora his wife, to Micealus, son of Ptolemy, of some olive-yards near tlie village of Karanis. Dated at Ptolema'is Euergetis in the nome of Arsinoe [the FayumJ. 3 June, a.d. 88. Written in a large, carefully-formed uncial hand, with cursive sujierscription. {Tap. 141. J -•"). Keceipt given by Cephalas to Tapontos, natives of Karanis, for the sum of 100 drachmas, i)aid as an instalment of the jnirchase money of some land. Written in a small cursive hand, bearing some resemblance to that of the Aristotle [Xo. 7]. •2 March, a. d 97. \I>ap. 143. ] -G. Receipt given by Dioscorus. a resident in the street of the Goose-pens in Heracleia. to Stotoetis. a native of Socnopaei Nesus. for the sum of 148 drachmas, the price of an ass. Written by the scribe Alcimus, in a veiy cursive hand. 10 Aug. _A.P. 142. [Pap. 303.] -7. Receipt given by Claudianus to Didymus and others for the repaj^ment of a debt of 1124 drachmas. Written in a ciamped cursive hand. 10 Sept. a.d. 166. \Fap. 332. J 28. AxxuAL RETURN by the priests of the god Socnopaeus [the crocodile-god ] and the gods who share his temple, i>robably for the 2)urpose of taxation. Imperfect : written in a large and clearly defined semi-cursive hand. 23 Aug.. a.u. 221. \Fap. 353.1 29. Receipt given l)y Petechon to Aurelia Senosiris, natives of the village of Cusis in the Great Oasis, for the repayment of a loan of 1000 drachmas, with interest. Written in a small, rather thick, cursive hand. 7 Oct. a.d. 265. [Pap. 709. J 30. Letter from Flavius Macarius. steward of the imperial estates in Egyi>t, to Abiimaeus, officer in command of a body of auxiliary troops in the camp of Dionysias (in the Fuyum), requiring him to furnish soldiers to assist in the collection of the imperial dues. Written in a large semi-cursive hand. About a. d. 350. \Pa2). 234. J 31. Letter from Victox", serving in tlie state galley of the governor of the Thebaid. to four other persons, complaining that they have comjjelled a certain Senuthes to undertake a puldic duty to which he is not liable, instead of serving in the galley, to which he is liable by hereditary custom. Written in a large cursive hand. About a. d. 400. [ Pap. 722.] Greek Manuscripts. 77 32. Acknowledgment, addressed to Flavins Apion, through his steward Menas. by Aurelius Souerous. of the receipt of an agricultural machine, for which he had ajiplied. Written in a large, upright, cursive hand, with sloj^ing subscription. 13 Sept., A.D. 552. [Pap. 776.] Presented, in 1900, h// the Egjjpt Exploration Fund. 33. Festal Letter from a Patriarch of Alexandria to his clergy, informing them of the date of Easter for the current year [25 April] ; the information being accompanied by a theological disquisition and aspirations for the peace and unity of the Church. Imperfect, only the conclusion Ijeing jn-eserved. Written in a large and handsome uncial hand of Coptic type. Probably a.d. 577. [Pap. 729.] 34. Official Letter from Said Kurrah il)n Sarih. Governor of Egypt, to Basilius, administrator of the village of Ai^hrodito- polis, requiring him to furnish a boat for the conveyance of sailors and Avorkmen. Written in a neat minuscule hand. 30 Jan., A.D. 710. [Pap. 1348.] [For a large Greek papyriis, of the 6th century, and for ^-iiecimens of Latin iiapyri, see pp. 113, 114.] Case B. — Wax, Vellum, and Pap>er 3ISS. 35. Wax Tablet (such as the ancients used for note-books, letters, etc.), containing two lines of iaml:)ic verse, probabl}^ from Menander, written first by a schoolmaster in large capital letters and copied twice hj a pupil. Probably 2nd cent. [Add. 3IS. 34186.] 36. Demosthenes : two leaves of the oration De Falsa Legationc. Written on vellum in double columns in a small uncial hand, resembling that found in some papyri. Probably the earliest extant vellum MS., dating from a time when vellum was re- garded as inferior to papyrus. 2nd cent.(?) [Add. IIS. 34473 (1).] 37. Greek-Latin Glossary. Written in uncials in the 7th cen- tury, in the West of Europe, being copied from a mutilated original. Vellum, | Hark// MS. 5792,] 38. Hymns used in the services of the Greek Church : fragments. Written in sloping uncials, in the 8th centur}^ Vellum. [Add. MS. 26113.] 39. Evangeliarium, or lessons from the Gospels for services throughout the year. Written in sloping uncials of Sclavonic type, in the 9th or 10th century. Vellum. [HarIc//MS. 5787. | 40. Byzantine Chronicles, of Nicephorus, Patriarch of Constanti- nople [806-815, d. 828], etc. Written in minuscules, late in the 9th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 19390.] 41. The Four Gospels. Written in finely-formed minuscules in the 9th or 10th century. Vellum. [Add. 3IS. 11300.] 78 Greeh' MdiiUficripls. 42. ScAi.A P.vij.vnisi, by St. John Climacus, Abbot of Mount Sinai. Written in niinnscnlos. in Iho loth otMituiv. Volhnii. \Ad(J. J/N. ITJTl.i 40. WoKKs OK LriiAN of S;nnosat:v. WrittcMi in line ininuseuh^s I by Biuuios. notarvofArotii.'is. archbishop of Ciosarea, about a.d. \n'4]. Volhim. 1 //(/;■/(■// J/N. r)C,94. ! 41. Tin: Books or JrDciKs and Krxii in the Septuagint version, \vith i>art of the last chapter of Joshua. Written in elegant niinuscidos. in tlie l<>th century. Velhnn. [Add. J/,S'. 20002. | 4"). EvANtiELiAinrM. Written in hirgo and i-atlier widely sjiaced minuscules by Tiieophanos, a monk of the Iberian monastery on Mt. Athos. in 1008. Vellum. \Add. MS. 36751. | 4(>. Thucydides : with the commentary of Marcellinus. Written in minuscules, in the llth century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 1 1 727. ! 47. The Four Gospels. Written in minuscules by the priest Synesius. in December, 1033. Vellum. {Add. 3IS. 17470.) 48. Psalter and Canticles, etc., with miniatures. Written in minuscules, about 1090. Vellum. [Add. MS. 3G928. | 40. Psalter, in Greel; Latin, and Arabic, in parallel columns. Written in minuscules, before a.d. 1153. Vellum. {Jlarley MS. 578G. ! 50. The Foir Gospels. Written in minuscules, in the earlier half of the 12th century. Vellum. \E(/crt(m MS. 2(510.] 51. Florilegium of sacred and profane authors. Written in minuscules by the ]>riest Christopher, who completed his work 14 Sept. 1198. Vellum. [Add. 3IS. 36753.] 52. Homer's Iliad, with copious marginal scholia ; commonly known as the ''Townley Ilomer."' Written in minuscules, in the 13th century. Vellum. [Biirnc// MS. 86.] 53. Commentary on the Psalms, by Euthymius Zigabenus. Written in minuscules, with many abbreviations, by the monk Maximus. in July, 1281. Pai>er. [JIarlnj MS. 5575. | 54. The Orations of Andocides. Isaeus, Dinarchus. Antiphon, LvcuRGUS, etc. Written in minuscules, in the 13th century. Vellum. \Burnej) MS. 95. ] 55. The Four Gospels. Wiitten in minuscules, a.d. 1314-15. Vellum. [Add. MS. 37002. | 56. Lexicon of Suidas. Written in minuscules, by Georgius Ba-ophorus, a.d. 1402. Paper. \Add. 3IS. 11892. | 57. Homer's Iliad. Wi'itten in minuscules by a scribe named Christopher, in Italy, A.D. 1431. Vellum. \Kin(/'s MS. 16.] 58. Homer's Odyssey. Written in minuscules, by the priest Johannes Rhosus, of Crete, a.d. 1479. Vellum. \JIarloj MS. 5658. J ( /9 ) 11. —LATIN AND OTHER MSS. Case C. 59. History of Paulus Okosius ; fragments. Latin. Taken from the linings of the covers of a volume in the library of St. Eemacle at Stabloo. or Stavelot, in Belgium. Written in uncials, late in the 7th century. Vellum. {Add. MS. 24144. j CO. Theological Tracts ; with a Life of St. Furseus. Latin. Written in France, in uncials, in the 7th century ; the Life of St. Furseus having been added in minuscules in the 9th century. Vellum. [Harle/f 3IS. 5041. ] 61. Origen's Homilies on the Book of Numbers, in the Ljatin ver- sion of Rufinus. Belonged to the Abbey of Corljie, in France. Written in uncials, late in the 7th century. Velhim. [Burneif MS. 340.] 62. The Four Gospels, in the Ljatin vulgate version. Written in uncials, probably in France, in the 8th or 9th century, for an abbot named Atto. Afterwards in the monastery of St. Peter at Benevento. Vellum. \Add. MS. 5463.] 63. Psalter, in St. Jerome's earlier, or Roman, version. Avith Canticles, Hymns, etc. Written in England, in uncials, in the Sth century. An Anglo-Saxon translation has been added between the lines, in minuscules, in the 9th century. This is the earliest extant version of the Psalms in English. Formerly belonged to St. Augustine's, Canterbury. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Vespasian A. i.] 64. Bede's Ecclesiastical History. Ljatin. Partially injured by fire in 1731. Written in England, in pointed minuscules, in the Sth centuiy. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Tiberius C. ii.] 65. The Four Gospels, in the Latin vulgate version. From the monastery of St. Augustine at Canterbury. Written in half- uncials of English type, late in the 8th centurv. Vellum. \Roual MS. 1 E. vi.] 66. Liber Vit-e, or lists of the names of benefactors of the church of St. Cuthbert at Lindisfarne, afterwards removed to Durham ; together with the names of those who were entitled to the prayers of the monks by the ties of confraternity, etc. Latin. Written in half-uncials, in gold and silver, about a.d. 840. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Domitian vii. 1 67. Lessons and Prayers. Latin. Formerly at Winchester. Written in round minuscules, in England, in the 8th centurJ^ Vellum. [Harle// MS 2965.] 68. Lessons, Prayers and Hymns. Ljatin. Written in round minuscules, in England, in the 8th century. Vellum. [Jloijal MS. 2 A. XX. J HO Ltd ill ((ml other Manuscripts. (V.K Litany niul Prayers. f.athi. Written in round miniisciilos, l>robal)lv in Ireland, in tlie Stii or 9th century. Vellum. [Ilarlcy MS. 70."); J. 1 7(t. The Satikntial Books (Proverbs — Ecclesiasticus). Latin. Two MSS., the second (containing Wisdom and the hefiinning of Ecclesiasticus) being inserted to fill a gap in the first. Written in England, early in the 0th century ; the first MS. in small printed minuscules, the second in rounded minuscules mixed with uncials. Velhun. | 7v/eWo» J/'>. Cicero '"De Oratore." Written in France, in the 10th century. Velhim. \]Iarle!fMS.27:W.\ 0(>. O.icsak's Commentaries " de boHo Gallico." Written in France, in the 1 1th century. VeHum. \Add. 3[S. 100S4. | 97. Rule of St. Benedict. jAifin. Written in the monastery of St. Gilles, in the diocese of Nimes, in the south of France, A. D. 11 29. Vellum. [ Add MS. 1 0979. j 98. The Book of Leviticus and the Gospel of St. John, with commentary and glosses, in Latin. Written in the Abbey of St. Mary of Buildwas, in Shropshire, a. d. 1170. Vellum. [Harleij 3fS. 3038.] In the lower compartments of the Case : — 99. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version. Written probably in the north of France, in the 11th century. Vellum. \Jioyal MS. 1 E. viii.] 100. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version. Written by Goderannus and Ernestus, monks of the abbey of St. Remade at Stabloo or Stavelot, in Belgium, and illuminated and bound within the four years 1093-1097. Vellum. Two volumes, of which the first is here exhibited. [Add. 3IS. 2810(5. \ 101. Homilies of St. Ambrose, St. Gregory, etc., and lessons from the Gospels and Epistles ; with coloured initials. iMtin. Written in Italy, early in the 12th century. Vellum. [Harley MS. 7183.] 102. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version ; with illuminated initials. From the monastery of St. Mary at Worms, in Germany. Written in the 12th century. Vellum. [Harley 3IS. 2803.] 103. Geatian's "Decretorum discordantium Concordia"; with commentary. With miniatures and illuminated initials. Written in Italy, in the 14th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 15275.] 104. Gradual, or musical services for the Mass ; with illuminated initials. Latin. Written in Italy, about a. d. 1400. Vellum. [Add. 3LS. 181G1.] 105. Early English Poems and prose treatises ; with illuminated initials and borders. Written about a. d. 1380-1400. Vellum. [Add. 3IS. 22283.] 108. "CiiRONiQUEs d'Angleterre "' : chronicle of the history of England, by Jehan de Wavrin ; the third volume, containing the history of the years 1377-1387. With illustrations and illuminated initials and borders. Written and illuminated for the use of King Edward IV., probably at Bruges, in Belgium, about A.D. 1480. Vellum. [Royal MS. 14 E. iv. | 107. "Chroniques de St. Denys": chronicle of the history of France, carried down to a. d. 1401. With illustrations and illuminated initials and borders. Written in the latter part of the 15th century. Vellum. [Royal MS. 20 E. 1.] Latin and other Manuscripts. 83 108. St. Augustine's Commentaiy on the Psalms; with illumi- nated initials and borders. Latin. Written in Italy for Ferdi- nand of Aragon, King of Naples, a.d. 1480, Vellum. [^Add. 2IS. 14779.] Case D. 109. The Four Gospels, in the Latin vulgate version ; with coloured initials, of interlaced designs. Written by Ma?lbrigt hua Maeluanaigh, at Armagh in Ireland, a. d, 1138. Vellum, [Harley MS. 1802,] 110. Psalter and Canticles, in Latin, of St, Jerome's Gallican version. Written in a fine Irish hand, with elaborate inter- laced initials, in the 12th or 13th century. Vellum, \^Add. MS. 36929. J 111. Breviary, of English use. Latin. Written at St. Alban's, in a neat rounded hand, late in the 12th century. Vellum. [Royal MS. 2 A. x.] 112. Coronation Service, in LMtin. Written at Christ Church, Canterbury, in the characteristic hand of that monastery, in the 12th century. Vellum, [Cotton 3IS. Claudius A, iii,] 113. Life of St. Augustine of Canterbury, etc. Latin. Written at St. Augustine's, Canterbury, in a characteristic rounded hand, early in the 12th century. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Vespasian B. XX.] 114. Bed A, Commentary on Ezra, in Latin. Written at the abbey of St. Maxy of Cirencester by Fulco, afterwards prior, between 1147 and 1176. Vellum. [Royal MS. 3 A. xii.] 115. St. Augustine, " De Trinitate," in Latin. Written at Eochester Priory, by the precentor Humphrey, in the 12th cen- tury. Vellum. [Royal 3IS. ^ B. lY.] 116. Herbal, compiled from Dioscorides, etc. ; with coloured illustrations of plants. Ljafin. Written in England, early in the 13th century. Vellum. [Sloane 3IS. 1975.] 117. Bestiary, or treatise on the nature of beasts, birds, and fishes, with coloured illustrations. L^atin. Written in England, early in the 13th century. Vellum. [Harley MS. 3244.] 118. The Bible, in the LMtin vulgate version. Written, probably in England, in the minute hand characteristic of Bibles and theological works written in northern France and England in the 13th century, with finely illuminated initials. Vellum. [Add. MS. 15452,] 119. The Minor Prophets and the book of Job, in the L^atin vulgate version, with marginal commentary. A fine example of this class of book, written probably at Christ Church, Canter- bury, towards the end of the 13th century. Belonged subse- quently to Worcester Cathedral. Vellum, [Royal 3TS. 2 E, xi,] 120. Robert of Avebury, Chronicle of the reign of Edward III., to the year 1356. in Latin. Written in England, in a small hand founded on the charter-hand of the time, at the beginning of the 15th century. Vellum, [Harley MS. 200,] G 2 81 Loi'i a Olid other ^fanuscriJ)ts. 121. Mkdicai, Thkatisf.s. by Juhn Anlorne and others : witli marginal illustrations. I.atiti and Knqlish. Written in Eng- land, early in the ir)th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. L'DJiOl. | X'l'l. Chuiuh Oi'FU i;s for the use of the Dominican Order, in J.atiii. Written in France between 1200 and 1275. in a very neat, small hand (characteristic of Bibles and theological works of this period), with musical notes and graceful decorative initials. Vellum. [Add. MS. 2;i985. | 12.). Roman de Troie. by Benoit de Sainte-More : one of the most popular verse romances of the Middle Ages, composed about lit)."), on the basis of the Latin jv.-ose romanced of Dares Phrygius and Dictys Cretensis. The story of Troilus and Cressida is derived from this poem. Written in France about 1300. Vellum. \ Harle>i 3LS. US2.] 124. EoMAN DE LA RosE ; another extremely popular romance, of an allegorical character, begun about 1237 by Guillaume de Lorris. and continued about 1278 by Jean de Meung. French. The English Jiomaiint of the Hose, part of which is attributed to Chaucer, is a translation of this poem. Written in France, in the 14th century. Vellum. [Egerton 3IS. H81.\ 1 25. Legexda Aurea, or legends of saints, by Jaco)>us de Voragine. iMtin. Written at Paris, and completed on the 5th .July, 1312. Vellum. [Add. MS. 11882.] 12(3. Le Livre dou Tresor, a French translation of an encyclo- paedic treatise by Brunetto Latini, the master of Dante : with illuminated initials. Written in the south of France, in the 14th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 30025.] 127. Po.ntifical, written for a French bishop, whose anus have been obliterated by a subsequent owner, bishop of Paris in 1502-1519; with miniatures representing various episcopal functions. JmHu. Written in a chai-acteristic French hand of the 15th century, of which several examples may be seen in the chronicles exhibited in the Grenville Library, \'elluni. [Efjciion 3IS. 1067.] 128. MARTYROLOfiv, founded on Usuardus. etc. Latin. Probably belonged to the church of St. Bartholomew at Benevento. Written in Italy, in Lombardic minuscules, in the 13th cen- tury. Vellum. [Add. 3IS.-2:i77ix\ 129. LucAN, " Pharsalia " ; with illuminated initials. Written at Ferrara in Italy by Jacobus Juliani de Portiolo, for Feltrino Boiardo of Reggio, in 1378. Vellum. [Add. MS. 11990.] 130. Valerius Maximus, '' De Romanorum exterorumque factis et dictis memorabilibus '" : with coloured initials. Written in Italy by Filipinus de Gandinonibus. in 1412 ; and sold by him to Bertolino de' Medici in 1440. for ten ducats. A'ellum. [Add. MS. 14095.] 131. Virgil, Bucolics, Georgics, and ^]neid : with fine illuminated initials. Written in Italy, in the 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 14815.] Latin and other Manuscripts. 85 « 132. Lucretius, "De Rerum Natura"; with illuminated initials. Written in Italy by Joannes Rainaldus Mennius, in the 15th century. Vellum. [Add. JIS. 11912. J 133. QuiNTiLiAN, '■ Institutiones Oratoriae " ; with illuminated initials. Written in Italy, in a very small minuscule hand, by Franciscus Patricius for Franciscus Tranchedinus, and finished on March 27. 1467. Vellum. [Add. MS. 11671.] 134. Virgil, Bucolics, Georgics, and JEneid. Written in Italy, in '"italic" hand, in the 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 11355.] ( Sfi ) III.— ENGLISH MSS. Case E. 135, Beoavui.k: Epic poems in Anglo-Saxon. The unique manu- script of the oldest poem in the English language. Written in England, al.out a. d. 1000. Vellum. \CottonMS. Vitellius A. XV. I loG. The Anolo-Saxox Chroxicle. from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to a. d. 100(5. Written in the same hand to a. d. 1040. and afterwards in various hands, ^'ellum. [ Cotton il/.V. Tiberius B.i.] 137. Lives of St. Katharine, St. Margaret, and St. Julian, with verses on the Passion of Christ, etc. Written in the first half of the 13th century. Vellum. [7iV/rt? il/.S'. 17 A. xxvii. | 138. The "Ancren Eiwle '" [Eule for AnchoressesJ. Homilies, Lives of Saints, etc. Written in the first half of the 13th century. Vellum. [Cotton il/.V. Titus D. xviii. ] 139. The Creed, Lord's Prayer, etc.. followed by a Bestiary, in Enr/Ush verse : with other pieces, in Latin, English, and French. Written in England in the 13th century. \'ellum. [Arundel MS. 292.] 140. Layamox's Brut, a verse chronicle of legendary British history from the time of the Trojan Brutiis, composed by a priest named Layamon. in Worcestershire, about 1205, on the basis of the similar Norman- French poem by Wace. The first English metrical romance after Beowulf, and the first sign of the revival of English literature after the Norman Conquest. 13th century. Vellum. [Cotton JIS. Caligula A. ix. j 141. Lives of Saixts, in verse ; the oldest MS. of the complete collection, which followed the Church calendar for the whole year. Written about 1300, in the south of England. The pages shown contain the legend of St. Brandan. Vellum. [Harleg 31 S. 2277.] 142. '"KixG HoRX,"' a narrative poem in rhyming couplets, founded upon an early English legend. The MS. contains many other narrative poems and songs, in French and English, including a prophecy by Thomas of Erceldoune in which is an allusion to the battle of Bannockburn [1314J, and was probably written soon after that date. Vellum. [HurJey MS. 2253. J 143. Psalter, with Canticles, etc., in Latin and English, verse by verse ; the English version (formerly attriljuted to William de Schorham) is in the dialect of the West Midlands. Written in the middle of the 14th century. Vellum. [Aihl. MS. 17370.] p. S6, no 135 ^ujjan yvlhyief vul^&i'b V^pif t^m; )^e: inr7v|uf pif|7tw cnocrie^ ncytticvn pi()c6T> Xt^e ^ru liter; Cecertyi')z:oYA^erL z^mun, m- ^ la f€Sp^r«enii!)r£-- f norujtv h^^ pe=ui or? '' yo^^iii yijef ^T^evw co fj;^' Uil-^Un^ Cum jie- . (tyiif money uncf rm^^ef Irrji-en^cfxr an j liim y^ li5ii« ^o^ne- ^e^vrt nan cn^ laip-^ I cynin^ (Mfey. (yaxi y^e {ecean pol Ji€sj^mia^ r "tie- petJ^cn \a.ri\myaf rnanna^Xemr &we-t^^ |^ et^t^gr hjm frJore[te- cfibnliif l.yjr In;bM -■^ BEOWULF. p. S7. no. 151. ^i«» toff f/a(vi-tii^ AimTO" XWtirtw lU'J^'t: iiinilJO \vicrf:nuif yuftunc .,J^iCji>:r^ loxir^ ftiCt u<4- Cute uuivfhr^rr, •~- " Tar ^^Cyi,-, ]tUV|-iri^Afet>Jf>ro /ajctrti*' y '; 'tfUixie mvfft a |tcrr:/}iio no ptfami j£; yefinU; f? oitow ti> ^ >i< '»> u <« fla^ faiuiir till) il»^-rv: fit- nipii£"»V*»«^' "tV 'VUPO fP**^* ■'f h'c^otu^ ond Hbentv mo ■~*^i •wu ffo j'u^ ^irtrtio'lOtvS'c tOoiv 4«)an ft4i«' TtOt^tW fo 6tu.' yt 1b>mmvtl of Jv; ^h'lJdi; CHAUCER'S CANTERBURY TALES. English Manuscripts. 87 144. The "A5enbyte of Inwyt" (i.e. Eemorse of Conscience), by Dan Michel of Northgate, in Kent, a monk of St. Augustine's Abbey, Canterbury. The author's autograph manuscript, written A. D. 1340. Vellum. [Arundel MS. ^7.] 145. The Lay Folks' Mass-Book, or manner of hearing Mass : in verse. A translation, made at the end of the 13th century, probably from the French, the original author being one " Dan Jeremy " [Jeremiah, canon of Rouen and archdeacon of Cleve- land, dioc. York. 1170-1175]. Late 14th century. Vellum. [Rotjal MS. 17 B. xvii.] 146. "Pearl," "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight," etc. ; poems (the former an elegy for a dead child, the latter derived from the Arthurian romances) in English rhymed verse, of the second half of the 14th century, written probably in the West Mid- lands. The MS. is nearly or quite contemporaneous with the author, whose name is unknown. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Nero A. X.J 147. The Prymek, or Book of prayers, containing the Hours of the Virgin, the dirge, penitential and other psalms, litany, etc. ; with illuminated initials and borders. Early 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 17010.] 148. Tracts "of wedded men and wyves," and on the Lord's Prayer, attributed to Wycliffe ; witlx other pieces. First half of the 15th centuiy. Vellum. [Harley MS. 2398.] 149. "Titus and Vespasian, or the Destruction of Jerusalem," a romance in alliterative verse, of which more than one form is extant. 15th century. Vellum. [Cb^^owilf*S'. Vespasian E. xvi.] 150. " Piers Plowman " : a poem by William Langland, in allitera- tive verse. Written before a. d. 1400. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Vespasian B. xvi.] 151. Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales." Early 15th century. Vellum. [Lansdowne MS. 851.] 152. Chaucer's "Troilus and Cressida." Early 15th century. Vellum. [Harley MS. 2280.] 153. Thomas Occleve's poem, " De regimine Principum." With portrait of Geoffrey Chaucer. Early 15th century. Vellum. [Harley MS. 4866.] 154. Gower's "Confessio Amantis." Early 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 12043.] 155. John Lydgate's poem, " The Storie of Thebes " ; followed by Occleve's "De regimine Principum." Middle of the 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 18632.] 156. Travels of Sir John Mandeville : English version. 15th century. The unique MS. of this version. Vellum. [Cotton MS. Titus C. xvi.] 157. Travels of Sir John Mandeville : the only complete Enr/Ush version, formed by revision and completion of an earlier defective text, of which many copies exist. 15th century. The unique MS. Vellum. [Eyerton MS. 1982.] 88 EiKjlish MiDiuscrijitti. 1'),^. Metkicai. CnKONicLK of I'^iif^ljiiul to A.I). 1 271 , attril)uted to Kobert of CUoucesk>r. l-")th century. \'olluni. \I/(irlr/f HIS. •J01.| !')!>. LivKs or St. Ait.ustink and St. CJilbert of St'mpringhaiii, translated into English by John Capgrave. Apparently the author's holograph copy, written in or about 14")1. Paper. \A({(lMS.'M7iH.] 1()0. Mystkky-Plays, on subjects taken from the Old and New Testaments ; said to have been represented at Coventry on the Feast of Corpus Christi. Written in 14(>S. Paper. [Cotton JIS. Vespasian D. yiii. | 101. Mvsteky-Plays : the unique MS. of forty-nine plays, forming a series from the Creation to the Last Judgement (with an additional one on the Coronation of the Virgin), each performed by one of the crafts of York on the Feast of Corpus Christi. Late 15th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 35290.] ( 89 ) IV.— MS. CHRONICLES OF ENGLAND. Case F. A small typical selection of Chronicles and other MSS. intended to illustrate the manner in which the history of this country was recorded and handed down before the invention of printing, viz. : — 1. Nennius, Historla Brltonum. The earliest history of Britain was written by Gildas, about the year 560, containing an account of the Roman conquest and occupation, the departure of the Eomans (in 410), and the invasion and conquest of the island by the Saxons. Of this history there is no manuscript in the British Museum, except a badly burnt fragment of the 10th century. The next history to it in date is that of which a copy is here exhibited. It is attributed to Nennius on the authority of a prologue contained in one MS., which states that it was composed in the year 858 ; but there are some grounds for believing that it is really considerably older. In any case, nothing is known of the author's life. It contains the history of Britain in Latin from the Roman conquest to the year 687, but is so full of legendary matter that its authority can be but little depended on. The manuscript here showua [Cotton MS. Vesp. D. xxi.] was written in the 12th century, and the passage exhibited describes the preaching of Christianity in Ireland by St. Patrick [§§ 53, 541 The following is a translation of part of it : — "From the creation of the world to the baptism of the Irish there are 5,330 years ; in the fifth year of King Loygare [a.d. 425] did St. Patrick begin to preach the faith of Christ. Thus St. Patrick preached the Gospel of Christ to foreign nations for forty years: he showed apostolical powers, he gave sight to the blind, he healed lepers, he made the deaf to hear, he cast devils out of the bodies of those who were possessed, he raised nine men that were dead to life, he redeemed many from captivity, both men and women, at his own expense. He wrote 365 manuals, or more, and founded the same number of churches. He ordained 365 bishoi>s, or more, men in whom was the Spirit of God. Of priests he ordained as many as 3,000, and in the region of Conachta (Connaught) alone he converted 12,000 persons to the faith of Christ, and baptised them. He fasted forty days and forty nights on the top of Mount Eile (that is, Cruachan Eile) : on which mountain, overhanging the sea, he graciously made three petitions for all the Irish who received the faith. The first petition, as the Scots say, is that to eveiy one should be granted repentance, even 0(> citron Iclcs of E)i>unr. /^Ii;|7ce|ipn onr|7nm ^ccytcum cm^Sjuirn yccr tag pig . ill ^l|: bene l^aliiicnnn cyti i TOin *]on of^pm j?£E)ian pa. eopUr .lJ7ai:eaf7rrecvniT^ (^ejieb yiS papa cymnja jeoiumaTi -l^^^ yea^^cymrt^ ha^iecg o^fu^m -^cAfjieh IiiptpopoM vtS {^(ifTa eopla5rcjiiiman.'7J7cep. ANGLO-SAXON CHRONICLE. Chronicles of England. 91 beautiful hair. When he saw them he asked, as the story goes, from what region or land they had been brought; and he was told they were from the island of Britain, and that all the inhabi- tants were of like appearance. Again he asked whether the islanders were Christians, or were still shrouded in pagan error ; and he was told that they were pagans. Then, sighing fi-om the bottom of his heart, he said : ' Alas, the pity, that the author of darkness should possess men of such bright countenance, and that such beauty of outwai-d ajipearance should bear a mind void of internal grace ! ' He asked therefore again, what was the name of the people, and it was answered that they were called Angles [English]. ' Good,' said he, 'for they have an angelic face, and such should be co-heirs of the Angels in heaven. What is the name of the province from which they have been brought?' He was told that they were of the province of Deira. 'Good,' said he, 'De-ira; they are snatched from wrath [de im in Latin], and called to the mercy of Christ. How is the king of that province named?' It was answered. that he was called J<]lla; whereupon, playing upon the name, he said, 'Alleluia, the praise of God the Creator must be sung in those parts.' Then going to the bishop of the Roman and apostolical see (for he was not yet bishop him- self) he asked him to send some ministers of the word into Britain to the people of the Angles, by whom they might be converted to Christ." 3. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is the earliest history of this country in Enf/Ush. The first part of it, from the invasion of Caesar [b.c. 55] to the reign of Alfred [a. d. 871-901], is believed to have been compiled by order of King Alfred ; and from that time it was carried on by successive chroniclers (whose names are not known) in various monasteries down to the year 1154, forming a sort of Annual Kegister of the most important events in each year. It is thus not only one of the most valuable authorities for the history of England, especially from the time of Alfred to the Norman Conquest, but also an vmique record of the development of the language from its early Anglo-Saxon form until it approaches the character of English as we know it. The copy here shown [Cotton MS. Tiber. B. iv.] was written towards the end of the 11th century ; the Chronicle is brought down to the year lOlG in one hand, and continued in several others to 1079. It belonged to Sir E. Cotton, and suffered damage in the fire at Ashburnham House in 1731. The passage exhibited [of which a translation into modern English from B. Thorpe's edition follows | contains a record of the war with the invading Danes in 871, including the great victory of ^thelred and Alfred at Ashdown, the site of which is commonly supposed to be marked by the well-known figure of a white horse cut in the chalk in the Vale of the White Horse, Bei'kshire. 92 Cht'onidei< of Enyland. *' In this year [a.d. STl] the army [/. r. the Danes] came to Reading, in Wt'ssox, and. three nijjhts after, two jarls rodo up, when the aldornian .llthrhvulf met them at Inglefield and there Ibuj^ht against them and gained the victory ; and one of them was there shiin. wliose name was Sidroe. Four nights after this king iEthered and .Klfred his brother led a large force to Reading and fought against the army, and there was great slaughter made on each side : and the aldorman .Kthelwulf was slain, and the Danes held possession of the battle-place. And four nights after, king -Withered and .Klfred his brother fought with all the army at Ashdown ; and they were in two divisions ; in one were Bagseog and Halfdan, the heathen kings, and in the other were the jarls ; and then king.Ethered fought with the kings' division, and there ■was the king Bagsecg slain : and .Klfred his Inothor fought against the jarls" division, and there was the elder jarl Sidroe slain, and the younger jarl Sidroe, and Asbiorn jarl and Frrena jarl and Harald jarl, and both divisions put to flight, and many thousands slain; and they were fighting until night. And fourteen nights after, king .-Ethered and .Elfred his brother fought against the army at liasing, and there the Danes gained the victory. And two months after, king ^Ethered and /Elfred his brother fought against the army at Meiion ; and they were in two divisions, and they put both to flight, and far in the day were victorious ; and there was great slaughter on each side, but the Danes held possession of the battle-place ; and there were bishop Heahmund slain and many good men." 4. Wace, Jioman de lion. Wace was a Norman, born in Jersey, and lived from about 1100 to 1170. He wrote a poetical history of the Norman Conquest, in French, which contains by far the fullest early description of the Battle of Hastings. Wace had known many men who had fought in the battle, and his account is full of minute details of the fighting. The copy here exhibited [lio/jal MS. 4 C. xi.] was written in the Kith century. The passage selected is part of the account of the Battle of Hastings. The following is Sir A. Malet's translation of the lines which descri)>e the palisade formed by the English, and the arrangement of the English forces: — "Short Axes, sharp Bills, were the arms of oft'euce By the English Foot borne, and they made them a Fence Of Bucklers, and wattle work well interlac'd ; Thus forming a Breastwork, in front of them plac"d. The Barrier so formd was a close Hurdle like, Which the Normans must force, ere a stroke they could strike. Thus fencVl with their Shields, and a stout Ban-icade, They deem "d,— and with reason, — defence might be made. And if to this purpose they firmly had held. Other issue that day had most surely beheld : For no Norman Warrior that Barrier did force, But met with disaster, and fell a dead Corse ; Hewn down by the Axe edge, or smote by (Tisarme, Or slain by the Club, or by some other arm. Chronicles of England. 93 Short close-fitting Hauberks those Englishmen wore, And Helmets that join'd to their Hauberks they bore. ****** The Kentish Men, claiming as matter of right To stand in the Van and strike first in the Fight, He caus'd to advance, and position to take, Where deeming the Normans their onset would make. They claim'd, when their Monarch to Battle should go, The right in that Battle to strike the first Blow. The Londoners' claim was His person to guard, That where'er He stood, they should keep watch and ward ; They also to guard the King's Standard were bound, And where it was planted they took up their ground." 5. Simeon of Durham, Hisforia Dunelmensis Ucclesice. For several centuries after the Norman Conquest, the writing of history was carried on almost exclusively by monks. The greater monasteries trained a succession of writers, some of whom merely recorded in their chronicles such events as concerned the monasteries themselves, with occasional notices of outside occurrences of general interest ; while others devoted themselves to the production of regular histoiies of the country from the earliest times down to their own day. One such flourishing school of historians is found in the north of England, carrying on the traditions of Bede. Simeon, a monk first of Jarrow and afterwards of Durham, was directed by his superiors, about the years 1104-1108, to write a History of the Church of Durham, which he brings from the establishment of Christianity in Northiimbria by Aidan in 635 down to the year 1096. Like nearly all literary works down to the 1.5th century, it is written in Latin. It is principally occupied with religious mattei's. and is a valuable link in the history of the Church of England. He also wrote a general history, based largely upon Bede [see no. 2] and on Florence of Worcester, whose Chronicle comes down to 1116. The copy here shown [Cotton 3IS. Faust. A. v.] was written in the 12th century, in or soon after the lifetime of Simeon himself, being copied from a manuscript at Durham, which may have been the author's own copy. The passage exhibited, of which a translation follows, describes the wanderings of the monks of Lindisfarne with the body of St. Cuthbert during an invasion by the Danes [875- 883], and the loss and recovery of a valuable copy of the Gospels, written in honour of St. Cuthbert. This identical MS. is now in the British Museum [Cotton MS. Nero D. iv.J. [The monks endeavoured to cross over to Ireland, carrying the saint's body with them ; but a storm drove them back.] " In this storm, while the ship was lying over on her side, a copy of the Gospels, adorned with gold and precious stones, fell overboard 94 ('}iro)iicfc{< <>/ Eiujlaud. iiinl sank into the ih'iitlis ot' tho sou. Aitonlin^ly af'tt^r a littlt^ \vhilt\ when tlioy had in sonn' ih?ious patron came to their aid, whereby their minds were relieved from j,'rief and their bodies from labour, seein8 Chronicler of England. But the olil fire of hat rod came between, and would not let him speak peaceably ; on the contrary, he roi)roached liini bitterly because he thus came armed with his cross to the court, sayin<^ that the kiu'r had a sharper sword, and if the king would be guided by bis advice, he would take away the archbishop's cross. But one of the bystanders said : 'Trust me, if thou trust him thou'lt be deceived. Sweet sings the bird-call till the bird be caught: Under sweet honey deadly i>oison lurks.' [Orid, Am. I. viii. 104.] But the archbishop of Canterbury would not lay down his cross, and said, ' If the king's sword slays the fleshly body, yet my sword slays in the spirit, and sends the soul to hell.'" 'J. RicuAHD Fitz-Neal, DiaJoi/iis de Scaccario. This ■work is not, strictly speaking, a history, but it contains very valuable material for the early constitutional history of England. It is a Latin treatise, in the form of a dialogue between a master and pupil, on the nature and procedure of the Court of Ex- chequer. In this court, under the Norman kings, "the whole financial business of the countiy was transacted, and as the whole administration of justice, and even the military organisa- tion, was dej^endent upon the fiscal officers, the whole framework of society may be said to have passed annually luider its leview. It derived its name from the chequered cloth which covered the table at which the accounts were taken " (Stubbs). The author was Richard Fitz-Neal, Bishop of London and Treasurer of the Exchequer under Henry II., and the Dialogue was wntten in 11 76-1178. Tlie copy here exhibited [Cotton MS, Cleop. A. xvi.] was written in the 14th century ; and the selected passage is the opening of the woi*k. " In the 23rd year of king Henry II., as I was sitting in the window of a chamber overlooking the river Thames, I heard the voice of one speaking to me eagerly, saying, ' Master, hast thou not read that there is no value in hidden knowledge or in hidden treasure?' I answered, ' Yes,' and he at once proceeded ' Why then do you not teach to others the knowledge of the Exchequer which you are said to possess so plentifully ? Why do you not commit it to writing, lest it i^erish with you ?' Then I said, ' Why, brother, you have long sat in the Exchequer yourself, and nothing can have escaped you, since you are so carefully observant ; and probably the same is the case with the others who sit there.' He, however, replied, ' As those who walk in darkness and grope with their hands frequently stumble, so do many sit there who seeing see not, and hearing understand not.' .... Then said I, ' I see you are getting angry. But calm yourself; I will do what you urge me. Come, rise and sit down opposite me, and ask me of the matters which trouble you . ■ .' Pupil. What is the Exchequer ? Chronicles of England. 99 Master. The Exchequer is a rectangular table, about ten feet in length and five in width, placed like a dinner- table with persons seated at it. It has a ledge about four fingers high all round it, that nothing which has been placed upon it may fall off. Upon the table is placed a cloth, which is bought each year in Easter term. The cloth is not of any kind you please, but a black cloth marked out by lines, at a distance of a foot or a hand's-breadth apart. On the spaces thus marked out are counters, ranged in their proper order, as will be explained presently. And though the name of ' chequer ' is properly applied to a table such as this, it is transferred also to the court which is held in the presence of the chequer. Accordingly, if any decision has been made by the common council of the realm on any matter, it is said to have been done at the Exchequer of such and such a year." 10. JocELiN OF Brakelonde, CliroHica. This is not a history of the country in the ordinary sense of the term, but is an example of the more domestic chronicles of a monastery, from Avhich much may be learnt with regard to the ordinary life of the people. Jocelin of Brakelonde was an inmate of the great monastery of St. Edmund at Bury St. Edmunds, and his chro- nicle records the history of the monastery under the able and vigorous Abbot Samson [1182-1202], with a short sketch of his i^redecessor Abbot Hugh. It gives a graphic picture of life in and around a monastery, and of the difficulties in which the monastery might be involved ; and it has a special interest as having been taken by Carlyle as the basis of his Past and Present. The manuscript here exhibited \Harley MS. 1005] is the onlj^ extant copy of the book, and was written in the 18th century. It belonged formerly to Bishop Stillingfleet of Worcester. The passage selected describes the part taken by Abbot Samson, who, by virtue of his office, was summoned to the Great Council [the predecessor of Parliament] at the time of the imprisonment of King Richard Co3ur de Lion in Austria. It also narrates an incident in the domestic life of the monastery. " When the report reached London of the capture of king Richard and of his imprisonment in Germany, and the barons had met to take counsel on the matter, the abbot sprang forward in the midst of them all and said that he was ready to go and seek his Lord the King, either in disguise or in any other way, until he found him and got certain news of him ; by which saying he acquired great praise for himself. . . . When there was war in England, during the captivity of king Richard, the abbot in full convent solemnly excommunicated all makers of war and disturbers of the peace, not fearing Earl John, the king's brother, or any one else ; whence he was called 'the magnanimous abbot.' After which he -went to the siege of Windsor and bore arms, together with some other abbots of England, having his own standard and leading H 2 1(H) C/iVonlcles of Eiujhnid. a large number of soldiers at great expense. We monks, however, thought it a dangerous thing to do, tor fear of the consequences, lost jierclunue an}' future al'bot should be compelled to go on warlike expeditions in his own ))erson. . . . "On another occasion four and twenty young men, sons of noble- men, came with their followers to engage in a tilting match [in detiance of an edict of the abbot]; and after it was over they returned to the town to seek lodging. The abbot, however, hearing of it, ordered the gates to be closed and the whole party sluit in. The next day was the vigil of St. I'etcr and St. Paul. Accordingly, having given a pledge not to depart except by leave, they dined that day with the abbot ; but after dinner, when the abbot bail retired to his chamber, they all started up and began carolling and singing, sending into the town for wine, drinking, and after- wards howling, totally dei)riving the abbot and convent of their sleep ; doing all this in derision of the abbot, and spending in such fashion the whole day until the evening, nor would they desist at the abbot's order. Night coming on, they broke the bolts of the town gates, and went otf by violence. The abbot, however, solemnly excommunicated them all, by the advice of archbishop Hubert, who at that time was Justiciar; and many of them came in for repentance, begging for absolution." 11. "William of NEWBURcai, Historta Anglicana. William, sur- named Petit, or the Small, "was born in 1136 and entered the abbey of Newburgh in Yorkshire. He became famous in the neighbourhood as a student of history, and undertook his prin- cipal work, the Enyllsh Histon/, at the special request of the Abbot and Convent of Eievaulx. It begins with a short sum- mary from the Conquest to 1135, but from the accession of Stephen to 1198, where it ends, it is a detailed and contemporary Iristorj', written with judgement and impartiality, but generally in a rather dry style. The copy exhibited [Stowe MS. 62] was written in or soon after the author's life-time, and belonged to the abbey of Newburgh. The selected passage [Bk. IV., Ch. xxxviii.] describes the extraordinai-y efforts made to raise the sum necessaiy to ransom Kichard I. from his captivity, in 1193. " At that time the king of the English, being very weary of his long imprisonment, frequently urged the administrators of his kingdom and all his adherents who seemed to have any influence to provide the sum necessary for his ransom, and so expedite his release. Accordingly the royal officers pressed the matter forward in all the borders of England, sparing none. No distinction was made between layman and cleric, secular and monastic clergy, town and country ; all alike, according to ,the amount of their property or of their revenues, were compelled to pay for the ransom of the king. Privileges, prerogatives, and immunities of churches and monasteries were null and void. Rank and exemp- tion were reduced to silence. None might say, 'I am such an Chronicles of England. 101 one,' ov 'I am of such a position; have me excused.' Even the monks of the Cistercian order, who had hitherto been exempt from all royal imposts, were now charged with a greater load in proportion to their previous escape from public burdens ; for the wool of their flocks, which is notoriously the chief item of their property, and which supplies the place of all other revenue for general uses and necessary expenditure, they were now forced and compelled to give up. It was supposed that the masses of money thus swept together would exceed the total of the king's ransom ; but when the separate collections were united at London, it was found not to reach that amount. This was believed to be due to fraud on the part of the collectors. Then, on account of the insufficiency of the first collection, the royal officials made a second and a third, despoiling all the richer persons and cloaking barefaced plunder with the honourable pretext of the king's i-ansom. Lastly, that no resource might be left untried, and that what the palmerworm had left the locust might eat, and what the locust had left the cankerworm might eat, and what the canker- worm had left the caterpillar might eat, hands were laid upon the sacred vessels themselves." 1 2. Matthew Paris, Historia Anglorum. ' The greatest of all the monastic schools of history was that of St. Albans, and the gi-eatest of the St. Albans historians was Matthew Paris. The Scriptorium, or literary department, of this abbey was estab- lished between 1077 and 1093 ; and the office of historiographer, or writer of history, was created between 1166 and 1183. The first St. Albans chronicle was probably the work of John de Cella, abbot of St. Albans from 1195-1215. This extends from the Creation to 1188, and is a compilation from the Bible and eai^ier historians and romancers, of an entirely uncritical character. Roger of Wendover, historiographer of the abbey early in the 13th century, continued this compilation from 1189 to 1201, and carried on the history from 1201 to 1235 as an original historian. The whole work down to 1235 frequently passed under Wend- over's name, and with the title of Flores Historiaruni. In 1236, on Wendover's death, Matthew Paris, who had entered the monastery in 1217, succeeded him as historiographer. He then transcribed Wendover's work with additions and corrections of his own, and continued it as far as 1259. This entire work constitutes the Greater Chronicles which pass under Paris's name, being partly his own, and partly a re-editing of his predecessor's work. But he also wrote an independent History of the English, or Lesser History, extending from 1067 to 1253, rehandling his materials according to his own judgement instead of simply adopting the records of his predecessors. As a contemporary historian Matthew Paris is invaluable. He had ample means of collecting information and material, as he was acquainted with the leading men of the day, including King Henry III., who even invited him to be present on an important occasion that he might be able to record it accurately. He is a lively and 102 Chronicles of Enfflarul. vigorous writer, criticising freely ami with much independence, and supporting tlie popuhir cause against tlie king's misgovern- ment, and especially against the aggressions and extortions of the Pope's legates. lie died in 1259. The copy here exhihited |7?»>w/ ]\rS. 14 C. vii. ] is in all probability Matthew's own copy of his Lesser llistorji. written by himself. It belonged successively to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, John Russell, Bishop of Lincoln, Henry ^'III., Henr}' Fitz-Alan, Earl of Arundel, and John, Lord Lumley, after whose death, in KiOO, it was bought with the rest of his library for Heniy, Prince of Wales, and so passed into the Royal Library, presented to the nation by George II. in 1757. The passage selected describes the death of King John in 1216. The translation is slightly condensed in a few places. " King John then marched rapidly northwards, all the inhabitants fleeing before his face, as at the approach of a hurricane. Arriving at the place called Well-stream, which is a mixture of sea and river water, he was foolhardy enough to cross without a guide : and, while he himself escaped with difficulty, his carriages, con- taining his plunder and booty and all his treasure and furniture, were irrecoverably lost. For there is open ground in the midst of the water, of the kind called a quicksand, which sucked in everj'- thing, men, horses, arms, tents, victuals, and all that the king held dearest on earth, next to his life. The next night he slept at the Abbey of Swineshead, very melancholy and depressed, and so much afflicted at his loss as to fall into an acute fever, much increased by his habitual over-eating and drinking [A litter was made for him, but it jolted him severely.] And being now overtaken by the pains of death, he was compelled to descend from the litter, saying * That confounded, that accursed litter has shaken all my bones to pieces ; nay, it has nearly killed me.' .... [After the administration of the Sacrament] one of those that sat near said ' Our Lord Jesus, when about to die for us, prayed for his persecutoi^, leaving us a good example. You should likewise abandon all your anger and bitterness against those who owe you ought.' To which he answered ^vith a sigh, ' It is verj' hard for me to abandon my anger against those who try to drive me from my throne and to aid my chiefest enemy, and who still follow me with their persecution.' .... And his friend who had spoken first pressed the king urgently, lest his soul should be in peril, urging him for the love of Christ and for the safety of his soul to abandon his ill-will towards all the barons. Then the king, who was now at the last gasp, groaning from the depth of his heart with a lamentable sigh, said ' If I may not be saved otherwise, be it as you have iiersuaded me.' " 13. Ad.vm Murimuth, Continuatio Chronicarum. Adam Murimuth, bom in 1275, was Doctor of Ci\41 Law at Oxford, and acted for his University and for the Chapter of Canterbury in legal matters. He was also frequently employed on diplomatic Chronicles of England. 103 service by King Edward 11. , and was Canon successively of Hereford and St. Paul's. His Continuation of the Chronicles (which he began to write after 1325) starts fx-om the year 1303, but until 1337 it is vei-y meagre in its information. In 1337 Murimuth retired to the rectory of Wraysbury, and from this point his history becomes full and interesting. He continued it year by year down to his death in 1347. It is of particular value for the campaigns of Edward III. in France. The copy exhibited [Royal MS. 13 A. xviii.] was written about the middle of the 14th century, very soon after Murimuth 's death. The passage selected describes the Battle of Sluys in 1340, the first great victory of the English navy. "And on the Thursday [22 June] before the feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist the wind was good, and the king made a favourable start on his voyage. And on the Friday following, that is, on the eve of St. John, he saw the French fleet drawn up in the port of La Swyne, as it were in order of battle ; and for the whole of that day he considered what would be best to do. And on the feast of St. John the Baptist [24 June], early in the morning, the French fleet, dividing itself into three divisions, moved out the distance of one mile towards the fleet of the king of England. When the king of England saw this, he exclaimed that he would wait no longer, but at once prepared himself and his men for battle. Accordingly, shortly after the ninth hour, having the wind and the sun behind him and the tide in his favour, he divided his fleet similarly into three divisions and attacked the French. Then was fought a great sea fight, for the ships furnished by Spain and France for the battle were great and strong. Never- theless the English defeated the French and boarded the ships of their first division, to wit, one very great ship called the St. Denis, and another called the St. George, and others, such as the Chris- topher and th^ Black Cog, which the French had previously captured by treachery in the port of La Swyne, as narrated above. In this first engagement fought the Earl of Gloucester, the Earl of North- ampton, the Earl of Huntingdon, who was chief and admiral of the ships of the Cinque Ports, Sir Robert de Morley, who was admiral and chief of the northern ships, to wit, those of Yarmouth and Lynn and the other ships from the north, and many other noblemen. When then the first division of the French had been defeated, though with great difficulty, they attacked the second division, which they defeated more easily, many of the crews leaping into the sea of their own accord ; and they captured their ships in the twilight. Night now coming on, they resolved, partly on account of the darkness, partly from excessive fatigue, to rest till day. But the ships of the third French division resolved to make their escape under cover of night ; and about thirty of theni actually escaped. One, however, called the James de Depe, thought in its flight to capture a ship of Sandwich, belonging to the prior of Christ Church, Canterbuiy ; but her crew resisted, with the helji of the Eail of Huntingdon. The combat lasted till morning, but finally the English defeated the Normans and took their ship, in which thev found over four hundred men killed." 104 Chronicles of Emjland. 1 1. CiiKoNU i.r. i>K St. Ai.bans. 1:}2S-I;5SS. Aflor the doath of Mnttliew Paris [see no. 12 |. tlio St. Albans chronicle was carried on from l^;")!) to 1272 by a writer who. from dilHdence at following so great a historian as Matthew, conceals his name. William Kishanger |born 1250] seems to have been the next historiograi>her, and continued the histoiy from 1272 to KJCMj. From l;3<'7 to l.'}2o, John de Trokelowe was the chronicler, and for l.">2.'}and l.*)24 Henry de Blaneforde. For the next few years there is a gap, and then comes the present chronicle, the author of which is unknown. It has a special value as containing by far the fullest account of the important years 187(j and 1377. The author bitterly attacks John of Gaunt, who was the patron ofWydifte; and when Henrj- IV., son of John of Gaunt, came to the throne, this chronicle was suppressed, and a much toned- down version substituted, Avhich is presei-ved in the Iio>/al -1/.V. 13 E. Lx. This latter chronicle extends from 1272 to 1392, thus re-covering all the ground worked over by the historians men- tioned above, and is believed to be the work of Thomas Walsingham, who was chief copyist at St. Alban's in 1396, and lived till 1420 or later. He may perhaps have had some share in the original chronicle of 1328-13 Chrunivlcs of KntjlanJ. it must 1)0 roconli'tl, iibuvo all tiling.'^, how that brilliant star of kinj's, tho lij^ht and lani|i of chivalry [Ilonry V.j, exposed that inecious treasure of his ))er8on to all the chances of war, ami with the i>re-eminent valour of his rank thundered with sudden panic and irresistil)lo .issanlt upon the enemy, in unslackenini K>-iyt r v "CVi>rJ I «a:i ivm \ ,ilXTrOTff»r'^"*^ ■I.MX-MOMU'-'V ur«.i>^\ -.-nx>iir~'»'>'^-">JSCrT-i.. ..>.lc»>^^x^ac-^•■ |\ T.vion If rti>^> 'I- "^JJA•■'^■"^r~^ eCTI MOV UK^I iCf lOYX!l-v«" 1 ••- ■■ 1y~iiJ.M^-rre-i-'^'~>-reiCO<-K,i(>i: .o vui^i mi lO^f^T <>> -rTwoOKC'ii"' )o >Oi' TXTI lOW T rOXO> IC».MJ.YIH1 «»-l->^- •' »xMeM<>i^vYH>vc; t^vxAeixY ■•ix>ic-irf|-n iicuviM vOixint'Y.r. K>.|-lOYX^XriXM<:xi.>M i-xot»«r-^ J,. -nUI Al.!l vro r«X4!Mi>-.CC)lKtl IXCKXCrtlOHXY'-" X-nc>Wfl>r4l OKIOXAOMI r^xiiD feYT.H;MH'<.^ C-|<.-|XC^I •en > f.«xtM0«.^M<;f-« ClironACur-'- t»Yi xn c^xcy| xixv'roicv-'c. lo >.nCiM t">iX(.M;riiOr-» txvi«-:K-< KiOii-*! fxrorj I ri ii'M n;xpi..i KXIlXOY'-O-VCJl'lMMI f I lUI*-.- OCM-mCMiMflOXI-OfXtrtUMC eUJI I^.M iXIX>M,VXt>M ll>Y'X>M , - fi ^Cl > M Xr* MOXh* I Xf CO IXM ■ 1— A^ucn n.:nTxi«ioxaiAH)i Urrre mx.Ci itocixjwmxOih"- .. JkY"' 0~l' KXTXK-\||.JXXX,XV OV> ■'■? :KviiCixOxrj.vm-r« It ikomix KXiei UMHCXMOY1 «.1>C>t>i.M:ixivfi <«'ni-C'Xfnxyix- •• •K»>vxcvtvrMH\N»JMI IVM.MIK" ^V"'x^^x■lY'r4.>K-xiini rrxiC'ixfx I-IOCMXl lll>t>' t»i" ' i|'TX«.JOnOxr< I " *.N Ix-.ii KXlt4fOt|-l-Orn.-. r'OOi'.'vVx'^xY T-OIC IMK^hJ>«»-1<)I ► .».nvxc.'iKi 1 IJOtX^NTtO*'*! MOM lMXCiyVM"t;X»-« XY 'XOOIMXOmxl KVIcnrilful ■rncOMXYXOVCvi-ixuM i ifjxxtc vei-ovx^iMOixT-jon i>-ixn>i-vo v-iixjiXM MniHTXJrjRxi i-iiO I I ir^xwoixf I1ril->'<^ ■riCTO>MXf "CXfCl >NXMt''<.;i > f C"^ ri I<3lslKCx^-lOlt;^-x1^•ll:^i;^,l^«v . Mevcrci COiMXi VI lorvfooio >-otn n3rfoo<-'' > icmi tiNXNiojiv i"ivcc»i I nx!iMncv.cx->-ixr>ir-i ixpnr rOIXOMMIlXOKIlXCfCI'^XX.l-V'IO on ixi>Morixt»ri Onviomiov XMbV lOX'-XI I XOt;iM KXI VII3 ^CIKIMXOOI IhJXIXl lO-|X.llMiir«-c UN •ief<.l>M KXI XfK ICrC.OJNIVXI rfXM MXIXKIXM K-VIXI lOKlXM C>l IMXI KM IH-I PriMllMCr^- VNXCTHIMVI oxor-eMXcmf»« 'I r "xrooxoicTi nc»rvYf >c-x\» t-ioroorxpxMOevrr:-i ir-i4-vxn~ .^YTX>'>V;u.»«.^vlX^^oxt -coixvhn Ot:ao^MXi luxO-'iiii . wyYXiif* xviVr/eMeKerJO '>.C Ccl>Oi}l^V'•'•"<'^ 1-if,vpt.iHi>«» \ e i-re xM oc ivo f-* n o ^ OfO m ( OMOr-'C>vt>i-' O-XV ii;i.Vxiio \ecA.t.M!XMMic:-.' »r"o ooi'^i*-' t?IIXIOXYMOHiv>««Jf*-.v|-| O'j'O ; et^ovcxo.i-OYC-'-o^^'t^MOYi OCTOVXMOY'3""''''- ■< V; ■<« »• ceTxi c'>-rxt^o.\0«>t;wi''i «•'■' Ai-ir~i*ri'C\».L>M ■ orre I r • eCO-^T^ m-e^'crtt ir--«ixi ^ixrJxxxlYCtLJO.vr •=»• " mio -r r« »~j 6.XCI xc I A^^"lx>^ i - ■^ CODEX ALEXANDRINUS. ( 109 ) BIBLICAL MSS. [Exhibited in Cases G and H, against the pilasters, beginning on the right of the entrance to the King's Library.] A small selection of typical MSS. of the Bible, intended to illus- trate the textual history of the sacred Scriptures, from the earliest known copies of them in the original Hebrew and Greek, down to the appearance of the first complete Bible in English. Case G. 1. The Pentateuch, in Hebrew ; with the Greater Massorah in the upper and lower margins, and the Lesser Massorah at the side, 9th century ; probably the oldest MS. now in existence of any substantial part of the Bible in Hebrew. The text is furnished with vowel -points and accents. Vellum. [Or. 3IS. 4445.] 2. The Bible, in GreeJc : a volume of the celebrated " Codex Alexandrinus," written in uncial letters, in double columns, on very thin vellum, probably in the middle of the 5th centur5\ One of the three earliest and most important MSS. of the Holy Scriptures, containing both Old and New Testaments and the Epistles of St. Clement of Rome, It formerly belonged to the Patriarchal Chamber at Alexandria (whence its name), and was presented in 1628 to King Charles I. by Cyril Lucar, Patriarch of Constantinople, and previously of Alexandria. [Royal MS. 1 D. viii,] With this MS. are exhibited, for the sake of comparison, j)hotographs of the only two MSS. of the Greek Bible (apart from a few small frag- ments on papyrus) which are older than it, viz. (1) Codex Vaticanus (B), in the Vatican Library at Rome, originally containing the whole Bible, but now wanting most of Genesis, the Pastoral Epistles, and the Apoca- Ij'pse ; (2) Codex Sinaiticus (n), discovered by Tischendorf at Mount Sinai in 1844, of which some leaves are in the Universitiits-Bibliothek at Leipzig, and the rest (including the whole of the New Testament, the Epistle of Barnabas, and the Shepherd of Hermas) in the Imperial Library at St. Petersburg. These two MSS. are assigned to the 4th century. 3. The Gospel op St. Luke, in GreeJc (Codex Nitkiensis). A 2)alhnpscst manuscript (one, that is, in which the original writing has been partially washed out, and another work written above it), containing portions of St. Luke's Gospel, with a Si/r/ac treatise by Severus of Antioch written above it. The original writing is in large uncials of the 6th century, written in double columns, with enlarged initials projecting into the margin ; the Syriac is of the beginning of the 9th century, written in double columns in a direction at right angles to the Greek. The MS. no BlhUnd MS8. formerly belonged to the Syrian convent of St. Mary Doipara in the Nit rian Desert in Egypt. Vellum. [Add. MS. 17211.] -1. Tin; Oi.i) Ti:stami:nt, in GrceJc, of the Septuagint version. The text follows the recension of Lucian, made at Antioch about • A. p. .'UUi. which was for some time the standard text at Antioch and Constantinople, but dift'ors in many details from that of the majority of our MSS. and printed editions. Written in a neat juinuscule hand of the l^Uh century. Part of the MS. is written with three columns to the page, the rest after the more usual method with two columns. Vellum. \Iloi/al MS. 1 D. ii. | 5. Tur: Acts, Epistles, axd Apocalypse, in Greek. Written in minuscules by a monk Andreas, of the monastery of the Saviour at Myopolis, who was engaged for three years at the work, and finished it in a.d. 1111. Vellum. [Add. J/.S'. 28816.J (>. The Four Gospels, in Sijriac, of the earlier version, sometimes known, from the discoverer of this MS., as the " Curetonian Syriac." The MS. was acquired (from the monastery of St. Maiy Deipara in the Nitrian Desert in Egypt) in 1842, and was the only known MS. of this version until the discovery in 1892 of a palimpsest in the monastery of St. Catherine at Sinai, which contains the same version in a somewhat different (and earlier) form. 5th century. Vellum. {Add. MS. 14451.] 7. The Pextateuch, in Sijriac, of the later version, known as the Peshitto. This version, which was probably the work of bishop Kabbula at the beginning of the 5th century, became the authorised version of the Syriac Church. The present MS. (which was acquired with the preceding one) was written in A.D. 464, and is one of the earliest extant copies of the Peshitto, and the earliest MS. of the Bible in any language of which the exact date is known. Vellurn. [Add. MS. 14425. j 8. The Apocalypse, in Co2)tic, of the Sahidic or Upper Egyptian dialect : imperfect. Written in a small uncial hand, probably in the 5th century, on pages measuring only 3i in. by 2| in. ; one of the earliest extant representatives of this version. Vellum. [Or. MS. ;]518.] 9. The Gospel of St. John, in Grrch and Coptic, of the Middle Egyptian dialect ; imperfect. A palimpsest (see no. 3) ; the Biblical text, which is the earlier, has the Greek and Coptic in parallel columns, written in a large uncial hand, probably in the 6th century. The later writing consists of arithmetical tables and problems. Vellum, j Or. ilI»S'. 5707.] 10. The Eplstles and Acts, in Coptic, of the Bohairic or Lower Egyptian dialect, with Arabic translation in the margins. Written in 1308, being copied from a manuscript written in 1250. The Bohairic dialect having ultimately superseded all others in Egypt for literaiy purposes, this version is the only one of which complete copies are commonly found, the others surviving only in fragments, such as the two preceding specimens. Paper. [Or. MS. 424.] p. Ill, no. II. eipOSl lUO>?7sfp):LAeSCpi e^lSUBI TOpACl ACSICU'^ A 7o o > 1 111 I TV ec ;v€iJU3s^7is L\«.i Oa>3 1 1 u a '>t>mei^ *^ ice^i I i» citi> q Lo m XI >j x 1 1 1 s s h\ii sd6 • Lu K 1 ^1 1 s eT:pxciaoics I ^noi^ ■ "yy AST ORc sxi o'RoLoij u e 15 ^TO'l 0"R.At)> 1 K ^-i ' e. -■• 1 R x>J S e ?\oi LI S'o ;9 que 1 » i.cet '.o c^- iU.iDe AOiAiSl^oeocR B' ci cii a u o ?•' ^"^ ^'^7 q VI o c> O |si s o ST e N t> J 1 N O l^ s s exK.le^^cRuT'^i f cs t i^x^jo) LATIN GOSPELS. Biblical MSS. Ill 11. The Four Gospels, in the Latin vulgate version, made by St. Jerome at the end of the 4th century. Written in uncials, perhaps in North Italy, in the 6th or 7th century. Vellum. [Harlcif MS. 1775.] 12. The Four Gospels, in the Latin vulgate version. Written in Northumbria, probably at Lindisfarne, in half-uncials, in the 8th century. The text is closely akin to that of the celebrated Lindisfarne Gospels {Cotton MS. Nero D. iv.), and belongs to the best school of Vulgate MSS. Vellum. [Roi/al MS. 1 B. vii.] 13. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version, as revised (between 796 and 801) by Alcuin of York, then Abbot of Tours ; with large miniatures and illuminated initials. Alcuin was invited from England by Charlemagne to superintend the education of his kingdom, and his revision of the Vulgate was undertaken by Charlemagne's orders. The present copy was written at Tours, in the Caroline minuscule introduced during the reign of Charlemagne, about the middle of the 9th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 10546.] 14. The Bible, in the io^/« vulgate version, as revised (about 810) by Theodulf, Bishop of Orleans. Written, probably at Orleans, in very small and neat Caroline minuscules, with three columns to the page. 9th century. Vellum. [Add. MS. 24142.] 15. .The Acts, Epistles, and Apocalypse, in the Ljatin vulgate version. Written at the monastery of St. Gall, in Switzerland, in Caroline minuscules, under the dii-ection of Hartmut [abbot of St. Gall, 872-883], who has added in his own hand the apocryphal Epistle of St. Paul to the Laodiceans. Vellum. [Add. MS. 11852.] 16. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version ; with illuminated initials. Written, probably at Canterbury or Eochestei-, by a scribe named William of Devon, in the 13th century. It represents a large number of Bibles produced both in England and in France in this century, apparently under the impulse of St. Louis and the University of Paris (where Stephen Lang- ton, afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury, made the modei:n division of the Bible into chapters). Such MSS. are generally written in very small hands (see p. 83, no. 118). Vellum. [Roi/al MS. 1 D. i.] 17. The Bible, in the Latin vulgate version ; with illuminated initials. Written in the 13th century. A typical example of the small portable copies of the Scriptures ])roduced during this jDeriod in England and France, containing the whole Bible on 471 small leaves of thin vellum, in a very minute hand. [Royal MS. 1 A. iii.] 18. The Pentateuch and Book of Joshua, paraphrased in Enr/lish by -(Elfric the Grammarian (abbot successively of Corne and Eynsham) ; with coloured illustrations. yElfric's work was produced early in the 11th century, and was the earliest form in which the Old Testament narrative was made accessible to \\:2 Biblical MS^. English readers in their own tongue. Tlie present MS. (one of the two extant copies of the work) was written in the 1 Itii century, ^'elhlnl. \('ofto)i MS. Chiudius B. iv. ] 19. The Four Gosi'kls, in Knijlisli, of the Anglo-Saxon or Wessex version, produced early in the 1 1th century. This is the earliest English version of the Gospels, apart from interlinear word- for-word translations inserted in Latin MSS. (as in the Lindis- farne Gospels or the Psalter shown in Case C, no. 51)), or tradi- tional translations, such as those of Bede or King Alfred, of which no trace has survived. Written eai*ly in the 12th century, and belonged successively to Christ Church, Canter- bury, to Archbishop Cranmer, and to John, Lord Lumley. Vellum. [Iloijal 31 S. 1 A. xiv.j 20. The Bible, in English, of the earlier Wycliffite version, pre- pared about 1880-1382 by Wycliffe's adherents, under the direction, and perhaps with the assistance, of Wycliffe himself. This version, Avhich was made from the Latin \'ulgate, not from the original Hebrew and Greek, was the first complete Bible in the English language. The present copy was written towards the end of the 14th century, and Ijelonged to Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III, who was put to death by order of Richard IL in 1397. With fine illuminated initials and borders in the English style. Vellum. [Efjerton MSS. (ill, 618.] 21. The New Testament, in English, of the later Wycliffite version, a revision of the earlier one, made at the end of the 14th cen- turj', probably by John Purvey, one of Wycliffe's followers. 15th century. Presented to Queen Elizabeth as a New Years gift by John Bridges, one of her chai^lains. Vellum. [Ho/jal 3LS. 1 A. xii.] 22. The Psalter, in English, of the later Wycliffite version, with the Canticles and Athanasian Creed. 15th century. Vellum. [Add. 31 S. 10040.] 23. The Catholic Epistles axd Apocalypse, in English, of the later Wycliffite version. 15th century. This volume and the last are specimens of the small pocket copies of parts of the Bible in English which circulated in the 15th and 10th centuries, before their supersession by the printed Bibles of Tyndale and his successors. Vellum. { Harle)/ 31S. o7(iS.\ p. 112, no. 20. Ui I'f mijid/c ir -D.'foi'f voutiic J-Hfi'.'iiuiiui oiltioi of aJic pr iniigit''' cat irOfSOigHfi i)f djcft ujaatiitfii up oomijmi i iKjmtc imiu fdf alpiif o.'niiiM' afttJ" l;i94ufl'wiMi. uj uuuiv ffi" (Jiimrtis piJJiCuitiiyi* 0/' fti/ii'oi ^s.-ftipcif (tjr to ooi) J Ci}(Uftic;r of \it rauMc of ^OJi iiO liceriigt ng}i«)/coiOcrihr of (ff feirtr PC »?()fn)oj DC (hp in* IPftttr • iJiir ttr Cri[;iilii btbtqnmD mpcUa>ii'poCt:uOTRltn-f'C(iiua ^ uDtBfS' iu ftjiii/jtt lx»iD jif tu (116 tfiinc: M\Att pon irOoieitf ftOu3*/uc 0f ptntl'foi&iK l)C fa fir tdtieni.it j9 j«)t wiut fo: n> (jWK' UlimHC pf tOuU6 (J.' UIOTH^ I stit.-pftBf/jri/c |)f (Aio-tjeipptate aitMtntKc.c-ut trc W/jjai tdlte (Ttjcmiof pt ijoolpgvottaitufigc froAboiu m ai.'on *5Cf (a;wlitbf mtuctHiiXDUiefn laiiutaBilu ftf fl»iti(kmwtf/i 01(133 (e fluo (tottu-.inm of mict- iWwt rt«miwi$ce ttp/ioWiii^Hi tPl|C«icuer>i$ u&i# j;flt if frtKf WpfniKOu ttitD lfCiiatc-& Cdm itoim. 7y\)m \ia tiuiiciatfwi&Uf-^^ toictiin (t-ovclnU petturiciiiit p of oii'iiftr ]it mndft IS DtQCts ' imiCilnji.- u&ir^iifft \K lOiiniciH- of aCaUof/i :oio wiidue //ODftfl , ecu nitntt m to (»c (biipmjr flair ill, 'TCI wcnteti up m'>f iirja- {•riiilt^^ili Ufl|cr |»ci&iocttrH pmr* toou ffl g^, mcs 4 auoicm 4) If I up I H)«iifl3 WiTifowtJioBf ^ luartui fftiiusof flipDcji aiiiJ f/imdvlDfi»- -^fiitiw of (aiiti'ft'auf f)(S ttocn OiwUitijr Oi uapijgr to jTOif UI pjo'Of m^ Al'^iiiCd dim utftrtf I/O fit(ri>o-t)fif Cli.aiiO l(J*"(ji?lu^citiiBiii>tiwu(j»mcti ' "" ^'^otH itj>p(;purj> |if finptiHt© Of fiilfilUO. u»ii irt|f )>r fjoolp (pwff Dcfoif fcirtjic (iiirii;! of ijuiip.of jiuss iiftt n'asuticrof l(fm'j;(«- tvtvit icfii pc teoirOr ipao iiouaj OnO m o». i^i»f Co^r of (nigmr'p;^; C nujflrr J (11) ftjifiJpfptdtBf tdiipd liy Vl^ ArOofpfiMiirof wirtaOHf(ttflBd*|^^-! ,Kr iitumfta^toMraveimotveua M" ^^s/ • Btif i»(» cutniiiis Orti fri/irii afamiJ \-> ^ JK.-^^ ^ «■ too* flimJ Uuoipcti toflUCwr A'i:V> UjdlPrW/((?t ra laiifflUui. Co vet pc *lUi ftflo"tt»a£> cicpiO adjaittnAcut yc laajBgt pf octii; pat » pf toe» ' of tuooc. fFc;lbf»c ir «> romf m PC tWOM Of {mJl«l ot;f II COKtrl otffi of ififiu be mtWi Jrmt mio >w pcriiijt patotKUc Ui *r.^fl^ 'fUL 0|»crtiiUc rf f iCd/opjidK of UmjitrtbicttbiMutv of j?r8 wr « ^ t« l/jlillf cvmc ?« tt'JMO^f pi^iO'M ; tcfu nrfivdf lie ^ t» CHtc Oitt aiudff & nsumhiiiifiige fto vc bauh;uic - f uJOtt tnrto I>f mit m USI/Ij:!^ /c(]r ^#' WYCLIFFE'S ENGLISH BIBLE. ( 113 ) HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS AND PAPYRI. [In frames fixed against tlie wainscot on either side of the entrance to the King's Library.] On the West Side. 1. Instrument written in Latin, on papyrus, 8| feet in length by 1 foot in width, containing a deed of sale of a house and lands in the territory of Rimini ; dated at Ravenna, 3 June, in the 7th year of the reign of Justin the Younger [a. d. 572], [Add. MS. 5412.] 2. Will of Abraham, bishop of Hermonthis, in Upper Egypt, and head of the monastery of St. Phoebammon at Djeme, near Thebes. Greek. Written on papyrus, probably about the end of the 6th century. [Pap. 77.] 3. Deed of sale of a slave-boy, in Latin, whereby C Fabullius Macer, an officer on the vessel " Tigris," in the Misenatian squadron of the Roman fleet, purchases a boy named Abbas or Eutyches, aged seven years, of Eastern nationality, from Q. Julius Priscus, a soldier on the same vessel, for 200 denarii. Dated at Seleucia Pieria, in Syria, 24 May, a. n. 166 ; with auto- graph signatures of the parties and witnesses, whose seals in clay are ranged along the top of the document. Written on papyrus in a large cursive hand of early type ; the signatures in similar hands, but generally smaller. [Pap. 229.] 4. Original Bull of Pope Leo X., conferring on King Henry VIII, the title of Defender of the Faith; dated at Rome, 5 id. [11] Oct., in the 9th year of his pontificate [a. d. 1521]. Signed by the Pope and many of the Cardinals. It was much damaged in the fire of 1731. [Qotton MS. Vit. B. iv. f. 226. | 5. Grant by Mahomet II., Sultan of the Ottoman Turks, to the Genoese inhabitants of Galata (the suburb of Constantinople) of special privileges for residence and trade ; the origin of the " Capitulations " regulating the position of foreign residents in Constantinople. Greel: With the monogram of the Sultan at the top, and the signature of the vizier Saganos at the bottom, in Arabic. Dated in the week following the capture of Con- stantinople by the Turks [29 May, 1453]. [Fjjerton MS. 2817.] 1 1 1 Ilit^torical Documents and Papyri. On the J-Msf S;,U: [Tlio oasi's on tln' contral panels ami tin- small sliow-cahc boniath tliem contain recent acquisitions of the Department, temporarily exhibited.] 0. Proclamation issued by the Lords Justices, administering the kingdom during the absence in Hanover of George II., calling upon all His Majesty's subjects to endeavour to seize and secure the Son of the Pretender [i.e. Prince Charles Edward], who is reported to have embarked in France with a view to landing in Great Britain ; and offering a reward of i;30000 for his capture. Dated at Whitehall, 1 Aug., 1745; with the uutoiiraph signatures of the thirteen Lords Justices. On the following day the Young Pretender landed in the Hebrides, and on Aug. 19 raised his standard on the mainland. [Add. MS. 3717t5, 1 7. Proclamation issued by Prince Charles Edward [the Young Pretender], as "Prince of Wales and Regent of the Kingdoms of Scotland, England, France, and Ireland," etc., in answ^er to the above-described proclamation of the Government, offering a reward of .£30000 '• to him or those who shall seize and secure, till Our further Orders, the Person of the Elector of Hanover [i.e. George II.], whether landed, or attempting to land, in any part of His Majesty's Dominions. Should any fatal Accident happen from hence, let the Blame lay entirely at the Door of those who first set the infamous Example." Dated ''Our Camp at Kinlocheill,'' 22 Aug. 1745. Printed. [C. 18 e. 2 (93).] 8. Counterpart of a deed of conveyance of land at Port Philip, now the site of Melbourne, Victoria, from the native chiefs to John Batman. Founder of Victoria Colony, for 20 pair of blankets, 30 tomahawks, 100 knives, 50 pair of scissors, 30 looking-glasses, 200 handkerchiefs, and 100 pounds of Hour. Avith a yearly rent of 100 pair of blankets, 100 knives, lOO tomahawks. 50 suits of clothing, 50 looking-glasses, and 50 pair of scissors. Dated, G June, 1835. [Add. CJi. 377(50. j [On pilaster near Case L, facing south.] 9. Letters Patent of James I., creating his son Henry Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester ; witnessed by Charles, Duke of York, and many other peers in full Parliament, 4 June, 1610. With a fine impression of the second Great Seal of James L The initial contains a finely executed miniature of the king handing the patent to Prince Henry ; in the border are the arms of the king, the prince, the principality of Wales, the duchies of Cornwall and Chester, and the badge of the three ostrich feathers. [Add. MS. 36932.] p. 11 f>, no. -id. GREAT SEAL OF EDWARD III. ( 115 ) SEALS. [Ill the table-cases on either side of the entrance to the Department of Prints and Drawings.] Case L. Great Seals op the Sovereigns of England. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 13. 14. 16. 18. 19. 20. 21. 2. Edward the Confessor. 1st seal, obv. [1053-65] and rev.* [1041-66.] William I. 1st seal, obv. [1066- 87.] William II. [1087-1100.] Cast of rev. Henry I. 4tli seal, obv. [About 1100-23.] Stephen. 2nd seal, obv. [1139- 44.] Henry II. 1st seal, obv. [1171- 74.] Richard I. 1st seal, obv. 1189. Richard I. 2nd seal, obv. 1 198. John. Only seal, obv. 1200. 12. Henry III. 1st seal, obv. 1230, and rev. 1243. Henry III. 3rd seal, obv. [About 1259.] 15. Edward I. Only seal, obv. 1276, and rev. 1285. 17. Edward II. Only seal, obv. 1307-27, and rev. 1323. Edward III. 2nd seal, obv. 1331. Edward III. 3rd seal, obv. 1338. Edward III. 6th seal, obv. [1340-72.] Edward III. 7th, or "Bretigny," seal, obv. [1366-75.] 2nd seal, obv. 1411. 2nd seal, obv. 1415. 1st seal, obv. 1442. 29. Edward IV. 2nd seal, obv. [1461-71], and rev. 1462. 31. Edward IV. 5th seal, obv. 1471, and rev. [1471-83]. Richard III. Only seal, obv. 1484. 34. Henry VII. Only seal, obv. 1507, and rev. I486." Henry VII I. 2nd seal, obv. 1536. (The last great seal of England exhibiting gothic architecture.) Henry VIII. 3rd seal, obv. 1544. 38. Edward VI. Only seal, obv. 1548, and rev. 1553. (The latter used by Queen Mary.) 40. Mary I. Only seal, obv. no date, and rev. 1554. Philip I. and Mary I. [1554- 58.] Only seal, obv. ; bronze cast. 43. Elizabeth. 1st seal, obv. [1558-85], and rev. 1559. * On the obverse of a Great Seal the sovereign is generally rcprost-nted enthroned, on its reverse mounted on horseback. I 2 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 30. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. 39. 41. 42. Richard II. seal, obv. Richard II. Henry IV. seal, obv. Henry IV. Henry V. Henry VI. [1377-99.] 1st 2nd seal, obv. [1399-1413.] 1st 116 tSeah 44. 45. Kli/.abth. 'Jiul seal, obv. |15H.-.-l(;0:iJ. ami rev. 1598. 46. James 1. 1st seal, obv. ' 58. 1 160:^-5. 1 I 47. 48. Charles 1. :h\\ seal, obv. ' 59. lG3:i, and rev. 1627. ; 60. 49. 50. Cominonwealtli. "The great ! seal of Eiifrlaiul. 1651," obv. in 61. wax and rev. in sulphur. Used in 1(;56. 63. 51. Commonwealth. Seal used during the Protectorate of 65. Oliver Cromwell, rev. [1658.] 52. Commonwealth. [1658-60.] 66. Second Seal, used during the , Protectorate of Richard Crom- ] 67. well, rev. I 53. Charles II. 3rd seal, rev. [1664- j 68. 74.] 1 54. 55. Charles II. Seal for Ire- ; land, obv. and rev. Dated 70. "1660." 56. .Tames II. Only seal, rev. 1686. 72. 57. William III. and Mary II. [1689-94.] Original design on stone for rev. of a great seal. William III. and Mary II. Only seal, rev. 1689. Anne. 2nd seal, rev. 1704. Anne. 3rd seal, obv. ; cast. [Matrix made in 1707.] 62. George I. Only seal, oljv. 1720, and rev. undated. 64. George II. Only seal, obv. undated, and i-ev. 1748. George III. 4th seal, obv. No date. (Not used after 1800.) George III. 7th seal, obv. No date. George IV. Only seal, obv. 1824. 69. William IV. [1830-37.] Only seal, obv. and rev. ; proofs. 71. Victoria. 2nd seal, obv. and rev. ; proofs. [1837.] 73. Edward VII. Obv. and rev. ; proofs. [1904.] Case M. a. Seals of Ecclesiastical Dignitaries. 1. Anselm. Archbishop of Canter- 14. bury. [1093-1109.] 15. 2. Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln. 1145. 16. 3. Theobald, Archbishop of Can- terbury. [About 1144.] 17. 4. Robert de Chesney or de Quer- 18. ceto, Bp. of Lincoln. 1152. 5. Richard Fitz-Neal, Bp. of Lon- 19. don. [1189-98.] 6. (ieoffrey Plantagenet. Bp. of 20. Lincoln. [About 1173.] 7. William de Salso Marisco, Bp. ' 21. ofLlandaff. 1190. 8. Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln. 22. [1191-95.] 9. Hubert, Archbp. of Canterbury. | 23. 1198. _ I 10. Henr}', Prior of Abergavenny, 24. Bp. ofLlandaff. [1193-121X.] 11. William of Blois, Bp. of Lin- 25. coin. [1203-6.] 12. Stephen Langton, Archbp. of 26. Canterbury. 1226. j 13. Elias de Radnor, Bp. of Llan- 27. daff. [1230-40.] Chapter ofLlandaff. [1230-40.] Walter de Suthfield, Bp. of Nor- wich. [1245-57.] Henry Lexington, Bp, of Lin- coln. [1254-58.] Hugh Balsam, Bp. of Ely. 1266. Lawrence de S. Martin, Bjj. of Rochester. 1268. AVilliam Middleton, Bp. of Nor- wich. [1278-88.] William Eraser, Bp. of St. Andrews. 1281. William de Luda, Archdeacon of Durham. 1286. Anthony Bek, Bp. of Durham. 1286. John Romayne, Archbp. of York. 1293. John Salmon, Bp. of Norwich. 1308. John de Aldreby, Bp. of Lin- coln. 1305. Robert Winchelsey, Archbp. of Canterbury. 1309. Richard de Kellawe, Bp. of Durham. [1311-16.] Seals. 117 28. John de Eglescliffe, Bp. of Llandatf. [1323-47.] 29. William de Melton, Archbp. of York. 1328. 30. Stephen de Gravesend, Bp. of London. 1387. 3 1 . Ralph Stratford, Bp. of London. 1340. 32. William Bateman, Bp. of Nor- wich. [1344-55.] 33. John Thoresby, Archbp. of York. [1353-73,] 34. Simon Sudbury, Archbp. of Canterbury. [1380-81.] Seal " ad causas." 35. William Courtenay, Archbp. of Canterbury. [1381-96.] 36. John Bokyngham, Bp. of Lin- coln. 1386. 37. Chapter of Lincoln. 1386. 88. Henry Spencer, Bp. of Norwich. 1392. 39. Henry Beaufort, Bp. of Lincoln. 1403. Seal " ad causas." 40. Richard Clifford, Bp. of Lon- don. 1409. 41. Philip Repingdon, Bp. of Lin- coln. 1415. Seal " ad causas." 42. John Stafford, Archbp. of Can- terbury. [1443-52.] Seal "ad causas." 43. Richard Beauchamp, Bp. of Salisbury. 1470. 44. William Smith, Bp. of Lincoln. 1496. 45. William Warham, Archbp. of Canterbury. [1504-32.] Seal of Prerogative Court. 4G. Thomas Cranmer, Archbp. of Canterbury. 1540. 47. Edward Lee, Archbp. of York. 1540. 48. Thomas Thirleby, Bp. of West- minster. (Design on wood.) [1540-50.] 49. Nathaniel, Lord Crewe, Bp. of Durham. [1674-1722.] "Pala- tine seal," rev. Seals of Abbots, Abbeys, etc. 1. Wilton, CO. Wilts. [1872.] [11th cent, matrix.] 2. St. Mary's, York. [11th cent.] 8. Westacre, co. Norf. [About 1231-36.] [12th cent, matrix.] 4. Selby, co. York. 1282. [12th cent, matrix.] 5. 6. Robert, Bp. of Bath, and Priory of St. Peter's, Bath. [1159-66.] [The latter from 10th or 11th cent, matrix.] 7. St. Alban's, co. Hertf. 1435. [12th cent, matrix.] 8. Nun Kelynge, co. York. [13th cent, charter, 12th cent, matrix.] 9. Newstead, co. Notts. [12th cent.] 10. Kilburn, CO. Midd. 1402. [12th cent, matrix.] 11. Ankerwyke, co. Bucks. 1194. 12. Battle, CO. Suss. [About 1212.] 13. St. John's Redcliffe, Bristol, co. Somers. [14th cent.] [Early 13th cent, matrix.] 14. Lees Priory, co. Essex. [About 1280-50.] 15. Merton, co. Surr. [About 1249-52.] 16. Simon, Abbot of St. Edmund's Bury, CO. Suif. [1257-79.] 17. John, Abbot of St. Alban's. 1258. 18. Holy Trinity, Norwich. 1321. [Matrix made in 1258.] 19. Greenfield, co. Line. [About 1260.] 20. John de Medmeham, Abbot of Chertsey. 1269. 21. Chertsey, co. Surr. 1269. 22. St. James, Northampton. [About 1270.] 23. Nun Appleton, co. York. 1272. 24. Simon, Abbot of Kirkstead, co. Line. 1278. 25. Newhouse, co. Line, 3rd seal. 1283. 26. St. Bartholomew, London. 1533. [13th cent, matrix.] 27. Peterborough, co. Northt., 2nd seal. [13th cent.] 28 Lesnes, co. Kent. [13th cent.] 29. Selborne, co. Southt. [13th cent.] 118 Seals. :>0. South w irk, CO. Southt... l2n(l :W. seal. [l:Uhcont.] 40. :>1. Evesham, co. Wore, 1st seal. -41. |i:Uhoont.] 42. :^2. St. Paul's, London, '2nd seal. 43. [18th cent.] :\Z. Hagneby. CO. Line. 1392. [ 1.3th 44. cent, matrix.] :U. Hromholmc, co. Norf. 1421. 4-'). [13th cent, matrix.] 3.">. Christ Church, Canterbury, { 4t;. 3rd seal. 1452. [13th cent. 47. matrix.] 36. Waltham, co. Essex. 1537. 48. [13th cent, matrix.] 37. Boxgrave, co. Sussex. [13th 49. cent.] 38. Daventre, co. Northt. 1295. Thornholni, co. Line. 1297. Oseney, co. Oxon. 1300. Barlings, co. Line. l.>10. Bridlington, co. York. 1327. Bardney, co. Line, 2nd seal. 1347. Henry, Abbot of St.AVerburgh, Chester. 1394. Bissemede, co. Bedf. 1523. [14th cent, matrix.] Elsing Spittle. London. 1405. St. Edmund's Bury. 1517. [14th cent, matrix.] .John, Abbot of the above. 1517. Dean and Chapter of Elj', co. Cambr. 1822. [16th cent. matrix.] C. d. Baronial Seals. 1. Milo de Gloecestria, afterwards 15. 3rd Earl of Hereford. [1140- 43.] 16. 2. Waleran de Bellomonte, Count of Mellent, Earl of Worcester. 17. [1144-60.] 3. Richard deHumetis. King's Con- 18. stable of Normandy. [11.54- 80.] 19. 4. Robert, son of Turketiii. Knt. [11.55-68.] I 5. Conan Le Petit, Duke of Brit- j 20. tany, 5th Earl of Richmond, i [1165-71.] 21. 6. Geoifrey Plantagenet, son-in- j law of the above, 6th Earl of | Richmond. [1168-86.] | 22. 7. Robert de Bellomonte, Count ' of Mellent. [1170-78.] 23. 8. Helyas de Albeni. [Late 12th cent.] 24. 9. Roger de Lacy, Constable of Chester. [1179-1211.] 25. 10. Hugh de Beauchamp. [12th cent.] 26. 11. Simon de la Tour, Knt. [12th 27. cent.] 1 12. Ral ph,. son of Stephen deOiland, 28. or Holland. [12th cent.] 1 3. Roger de Mowbray, of co. York. 29. [12th cent.] 14. Adam, son of Roger de Sumei-i. 30. [1180-91.] ' John, Count of Mortain (King John). [About 1188.] Stephen de Turnham, Knt. [About 1200.] Gilbert Prudhomme. [Early 13th cent.] Patrick, 5th Earl of Dunbar. [About 1200.] Alan, Count of Penthievre and Goello, son of Henry, Count of Treguier. 1202. Baldwin, Count of Flanders. [Early 13th cent.] Leisanus lilius Morgani, of CO. Glamorgan. [Early 13th cent.] Thomas de St. Walerie. [Early 13th cent.] Richard, Earl of Cornwall, son of King John. [122-5-72.] The same, as King of the Romans. 1257. Brianus filius Radulphi, of co. Essex. [Early 13th cent.] Peter de Brus ill. [13th cent.] Sir Robert de Ghisnes, Knt. 11245-50.] Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester. [About 1250.] William de Fortibus, 7th Earl of Albemarle. 1251. Simon de Montfort, 2nd Earl of Leicester. 1258. Seals. 119 31. Geoffrey de Geynville, of Ire- land. 1259. 32. John, son of Hubert de Burgh. [About 1269.] 33. Robert, son of William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby. 1262. 34. Guillaume, Avoue of Arras, Lord of Bethune and Tenre- monde. [13th cent.] 35. John Fitz-Alan, of co. Warwick. [About 1272.] 38. Hugh de Neville. [1211-23.] 37. Robert, son of Walter de Da- vintre, of co. Northampton. [13th cent.] 38. Peter de Montfort. [Middle of 13th cent.] 39. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hert- ford. [1262-95.] 40. Edmund Plantagenet, Earl of Cornwall. 1275. 41. Sir John de la Hay, Knt. 1281. 42. Gerard de Furnivall. [Late 13th cent.] 43. Patrick, 8th Earl of Dunbar. [About 1289-1309.] 44. Henry de Laci, 3rd Earl of Lin- coln. 1290. 45. The same — a different seal. [1300.] 46. John, Duke of Lori'aine and Brabant. 1295. 47. The same, 2nd seal. 1300. 48. Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster. [1295-1321.] 49. Theobald de Verdoun, Constable of Ireland. 1313. 50. John de Mowbray, Lord of the Island of Axholme [co. Line.]. 1334. 51. William de Clinton, Earl of Huntingdon. 1340. 52. Hugh de Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon. 1349. 53. John Darcy. Lord of Knayth, CO. Lincoln. 1349. 54. John Plantagenet "of Gaunt," Duke of Lancaster, Seneschal of England. (Privy seal.) 1363. 55. The same, as King of Castile and Leon. 1392. 56. 57. Sir Robert de Marny, Knt., and Alice Brun, his wife. 1365. 58. Walter, 4th Baron Fitz-Walter. 1368. 59. Ingelram de Coucy, Earl of Bedford. 1369. 60. Henry Percy, 1st Earl of North- umberland. 1390. 61. Edmund Plantagenet, Duke of York, 5th son of Edward 111. 1391. 62. William de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Abergavenny. 1396. 63. Michael de la Pole, 4th Earl of Suffolk. 1408. 64. Thomas Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV. 1413. 65. Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester, fourth son of Henry IV., seal for chanceiy of Pembroke. 1426. 66. William de Hoo, Knt. 1427. 67. Sir Maurice de Berkeley, Lord of Beverstone. 1428. 68. Sir James Ormond, Captain of Gournay, France. 1441. 69. Jasper Tudor, Earl of Pem- broke. 1459. 70. John de la Pole, Earl of Lin- coln. [1467-87.] 71. John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, Lord Great Chamber- lain and Lord High Admiral. 1496. 72. Richard Grey, Earl of Kent, Baron Grey of Ruthyn. [1506-7.] 73. Sir Robert Dudley, K.G., Earl of Leicester. 1566. 74. The same — another seal. 1577. 75. Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Ad- miral. ICOl. Seals of Queens Consort and Ladies of Rank. 76. Alice of Brabant, 2nd wife of Henry L [After 1135.] 77. Mary, daughter of Lawrence of Rouen. [12th cent.] 78. Liece,daughter of the preceding and of Ralph of Rouen. [12th cent.] 79. Ydonia de Herste, Lady of 1.'20 Seah. rroinhill. lo. Kont. [Lute 1-Jth ront.l 80. Mai!,Mrot ilo Quiiuv, Countess of NViiuhoster. [About \'220.] 81. Ela. Countess of Salisbury. |12'2t>-40.] b'2. Mar','aret de Lacy, Countess of Linioln and reniltroke. [After 124:).] 8^. Maud, daupfhter of William Luvetot, widow of Gerard, Baron Furnival. [About 1260.] 84. 85. Sir Hu-jrli de Colewoi-tlie. Knt., and Elizabeth his wife. [Late 13th cent.] 86. Agnes de Percy, of co. Lincoln. [About 1300.] 87. Joan de Stuteville. [1265-75.] 88. Mabel de Gatton. [13th cent.] 89. Isabel de Beaumont, widow of Sir John de Vescy. [1289- 1311.1 90. Isabella of France, wife of Edward II. [1307-57,] 91. Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lin- coln, daughter of the Marquis of Saluces. 1310. 92. Margaret de Neville. 1315. 93. Elizabeth de Bur-li, [;adv of Clare. 1335. 94. Elizabeth de Multon, wife of Walter de Bermyngliam. 1341. 95. Matilda of Lancaster, Countess of Ulster. 1347. 96. Euphemia de Lucy, widow of Sir Walter de Heselarton, Knt. 1369. 97. Anne of Bohemia, wife of Richard II. 1390. 98. Anne, Countess of Stafford. daughter of Thomas, Duke of Gloucester, youngest son of Edward III. ' 1434. 99. Margaret, Countess of Shrews- bury, daughter of Richard, Earl of Warwick. 1456. 100. Elizabeth Wydevile, wife of Edward IV. 1467. 101. Margaret, Countess of Salis- bury, daughter of George, Duke of Clarence. 1514. 102. Jane Seymour, wife of Henry VIIL 1537. 103. Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I. [1625-69.] 104. Catharine of Braganza, wife of Charles IL 1662. ( 121 ) ILLUMINATED MSS. [In Cases 1-7, and in a special Case reserved for the Rothschild Bequest, in the Grenville Library, beginning on the left as the visitor enters from the Hall.] An illuminated MS. is one enriched with gold and colours, in miniatures, in borders wholly or partially enclosing the text, and in ornamental initials. Those here exhibited are arranged according to schools or the countries in which they were pro- duced. Nos. 1-7 are Byzantine MSS., dating from the 11th to the 13th century, and char'acterized by a rigid formalism, most apparent in the stereotyped figures and attitudes of the four Evangelists in copies of the Gospels. The colours are opaque and sombre, and the backgrounds of gold or in mono- chrome. A marked feature of the school is the rectangular head-piece, the designs of which are an unmistakable indication of oriental origin. A freer style of Byzantine work may be seen in the delicate marginal illustrations in no. 2. The other side of the same case contains English MSS. of the 10th and 11th centuries. They chiefly illustrate the style which originated at Winchester during the episcopacy of St. ^thel- wold (963-984), no doubt under his direct influence, and which prevailed in Biblical and liturgical MSS. down to the Conquest. In this style thick body colours and both gold and silver were employed, with elaborate frame-borders and initials of conventional foliage and interlaced work ; but other ex- amples are given of a simpler form of illustration, in which English artists also excelled, consisting of outline dra\vings in ink or bistre, only slightly, if at all, touched with colour. The curious fluttering drapery, hunched shoulders, and unnaturally long hands and feet are especially characteristic of the period. The next two cases show the progress of illumination in England fi-om the 12th century, when it had been pro- foundly modified by the results of the Conquest, down to the middle of the 15th century, after which, largely owing no doubt to the Wars of the Eoses, it practically became extinct. Generally speaking, in the 12th century the figure-drawing is bold, the colours thickly laid on, and the background of highly burnished gold. The initials are often of large size, and are filled with intricate masses of foliage, amid which figures of various kinds are sometimes introduced. In the 13th century a minuter and more refined style came into use. The features, hair, and drapery are more carefully treated. 122 lUuminatcd Manu^^'-rlpts. aiul latterly the body })eoomes more flexible ; delicate little miniatures occupy the interior of the initials, and plain gold grounds l)egin to give place to diapers and other }>atterns in gold and colours. At the same time, as Gothic influences extended, richer eff'ects were obtained by the use of pinnacled niches and other decorative architectural details. Meanwhile the border also developed. At first a mere prolongation of a linil) of the initial, terminating in a simple volute or bud, it gradually extends the whole height of the text, turns the corners along the toi> and l)ottom, and ultimately surrounds the page on all four sides, branching out more and more in the process into foliage, flowers, scroll-work, and other orna- mentation. This style reached its perfection in the 14th centurj', the finest jjeriod of pure illumination in Western Europe. Down to this time there was no essential difference in style between English and French MSS., and they may chiefly be distinguished by the colouring, the English preferring lighter tones, especially of blue and green, and the French a deep blue and other more brilliant colours, often combined with a ruddy, copper-like gold. Shortly before 1300 a school of artists, con- nected apparently with East Anglia,becameprominentin England, whose work is more distinctive and at its best is unsurpassed. No. 26 is a tyi^ical, but Ijy no means a superlative, example of it. This school, however, did not last long, its decay being perhaps hastened by the ravages caused by the Black Death in 1348-40 ; and when a sudden revival in the art took place near the end of the centuiy, the new style was in a gi'eat measure indepen- dent of it, and had still less in common with contemporary French work. Possibly it was not altogether of native growth, but received an impulse on the marriage of Kichard II with Anne of Bohemia in 13S2 from artists of the flourishing school of Prague. Some of its most important remains are showui in nos. 30-33, in which it will be observed that the features in the figures are no longer drawn with a pen but are care- fully painted with a brush, while new and peculiar forms of foliage appear in the ))orders. Probably the best miniature- work of this style was all executed before 1425, but with more or less modification it continued to be the ordinary style for decorative purposes as long as the English School was of any account. With regard to French illumination (Cases 4, 5), which off"ers a wide field, only a few points can here be noticed. To a far greater extent than was apparently the case in England it enjoyed royal patronage, and its debt in particular to Louis IX. (122<;- 1270) and to Charles V. (1364-1380) and his sons the Dukes of Berry (d. 1416) and Burgundy (d. 1419) can hardly be over- rated. From the 13th century onwards it possessed in an eminent degree the qualities of refinement, poetic feeling, and brilliance, culminating about 1400 in the lovely productions of Illuminated Manuscripts. 123 Pol de Limboui'g, Jacquemart de Hesdin, and the Paris school. Besides several MSS. of this period in the general series n specially remarkable one is shown in the Rothschild Case, no. 1. Apart from their miniatures French MSS. may usually be recognized by the ivy-leaf style of border-, the simpler forms of which date from the first half of the 14th century. It is composed of delicate, thread-like sprigs with small tridentate leaves, either of colour or more often of highly burnished gold. This light and graceful, but somewhat monotonous, design fre- quently overruns the whole of a wide margin, and latterly it is combined with gaily painted foliage and flowers, l)irds, gro- tesques, etc., small miniatures also being sometimes inter- spersed. In the 15th century, besides other advances towards realism, diapered and other ornamental backgrounds in the miniatures wei'e gradually superseded by landscape. This was at first crude and frankly conventional, showing little sense of perspective, but the drawing afterwards improved and the scenery was truer to nature. As illumination proper declined, a more pictorial style was thus developed, of which Jean Fouquet, of Tours, was the most illustrious exponent. The ascription to him of no. 64 is very doubtful, but it is the work of no ordinary hand ; and of a somewhat later date nos. 65 and 66 are also typical representatives, on very different scales, of the Tours school, both possibly being due to Fran9ois Fouquet, son of the better known Jean. Towards the end of the century, when the French school in general was in its decadence, the Flemish school reached its highest point. In earlier times they approaclied near together in style, though in one respect at least, a fondness for hu- morous subjects in the margins, Flemish illuminators showed more of an English spirit. Latterly, under the influence of Memling and his followers, the style of miniature was de- veloped which is exemplified in nos. 82-87 and Rothschild MSS. nos. 4, 10. Among other qualities it is remarkable for depth and softness of colour, j:)ower of expression, and fine land- scape and atmospheric effects. In conjunction with it the peculiar Flemish type of border also made its appearance, con- sisting in its most usual form of a broad band of colour or flat gold, serving as a ground for minutely realistic flowers, fruit, butterflies, insects, and other isolated objects. Another phase of late Flemish art is illustrated in the lower compart- ments of Cases 4, 5. The huge volumes there displayed, following others of English and French origin, are decorated with miniatures which are often interesting foi- their subjects and treatment, but are otherwise of no particular merit. They were turned out in large numbers at Bruges, and many of them appear to have been done to order for the English royal library, bearing the arms of Edward IV. and Henry VII. I'M' IHiiiiiiihttrd Manuscripts. Gonunn art is so iujidoquately represented by the four MSS. (nos. 8S-5)1) at the einl of Case G that it may be passed over, but the Italian MSS. which till Case 7 (nos. 92-111, 12*)-l:34) call for some notice. Froni lack of earlier materials, the first of them is of the 1 4th century, but it still shows strong Byzantine influence. No. do is more distinctly Italian, the somewhat stunted figures, greenish flesh-tints and heavy drapery, together with the peculiar red and other colours, being marked characteristics. To the same century belong such fine MSS., among others, as the Bolognese Bible (no. 129), the Dante witli tinted drawings (no. 95), the lai-ge Prato volume (no. ISO), the Durandus (no. l-'U), and the Florentine Gradual (no. 132), the veiy different styles of which show the amazing versatility of Italian art. In illumination, as in other branches, rapid advance was made in the 15th century, the best of the miniatures being exqui- sitely finished works of art, and the borders frequently marvels of invention, richness, and grace. A familiar type of orna- mentation is formed of twining vine-tendrils, generally in white or gold upon a coloured ground (no. 101). This is used in both borders and initials, and seems to have been a revival of the interlaced Lombardic work of the 11th and 12th centui-ies (see Case C, no. 101, in the Saloon). Beautiful borders were also composed of the most delicate flower and scroll work, studded with glittering spots of gold (no. 106), and in another style the text was enclosed within rectangular panels, richly painted in crimson, blue and green, and covered with floreated designs in gold and colours (no. 110). Both these styles were afterwards much elaborated, the artists availing themselves of the resources of the classical renaissance and adding graceful candelabra, trophies and vases, medallions with portrait busts and copies of antique gems, cupids, fawns, sphinxes, etc., and wonderfullj- painted pearls, rubies and other jewels. This brilliant period, however, was of brief duration. Not long after 1500 the art declined in Italy, as it had done elsewhere, and illumination became a mere vehicle for the disi>lay of technical skill without refinement or taste. Case 1. Nos. 1-7. Byzantine School. 1. Gospels, in Greek ; 11th century. Miniatures of the Evan- gelists and head-pieces, in colours on a gold ground. Formerly in the library of the Escurial in Spain. [Burneij MS. 19.] 2. Psalter, in Greek ; written by the arch-priest Theodorus of Caesarea for Michael, abbot of the Studium monastery at Con- stantinople, and completed in Feb. lOGG. Marginal illustrations of Bible-history, Lives of saints, etc., in the best style of Byzantine art. \Aclfl. MS. 19852.] Illuminated Manuscripts. 125 3. Lives of Saints, by Simeon Metaphrastes, in GreeJc ; 11th- 12th century. Beautiful miniatures of saints, and elaborately designed head-pieces, [Add. 3IS. 11870.] 4. Gospels, in Greel' ; 12th century. Figures of the Evangelists and numerous finely executed miniatures. [Harley MS. 1810.] i). Gospels (that of St. John missing), in Greek ; 12th century. Miniatures of the Evangelists. [Add. MS. 22740.] 6. Gospels, in Greeh ; 12th-13th century. Miniatures of the Evangelists and head -pieces. [Add. MS. 5112.] 7. Gospels, in Greek • written by the monk Theophilus in 1285. Miniatures of the Evangelists and head-pieces. [Burney MS. 20.] Nos. 8-38. English School *. 8. Charter of the foundation of New Minster, Winchester, by King Edgar in 966. Written in book-form, in gold. A minia- ture, on a purple ground, representing the king, between the Virgin and St. Peter, offering the charter to the Saviour, who is seated within a mandorla suj^ported by angels ; with a border of coloured foliage on a framework of gold. [ Cotton 3IS.Yes-p. A.viii.] 9. Psalter, in Latin ; written at Winchester, probably in the time of Bishop ^thelwold [963-984]. The tinted miniature of the Crucifixion is an exceptionally fine example of English figure-drawing, and the large ornamental B on the opposite page served as a model for the initial in English Psalters down to the Conquest. [Harleij MS. 2904.] 10. Gospels, in Latin ; written at New Minster, Winchester, early 11th centuiy. Miniatures of the Evangelists and fine initials and borders in gold, silver, and colours at the beginning of each Gospel. [Add. MS. 34890.] 11. Gospels, in Latin ; early 11th century. Apparently written (per- haps at Winchester) for Christ Church, Canterbury, containing an inserted copy of a charter of King Cnut confirming its privileges. Initials and borders in Winchester style. [Royal MS. 1 D. ix.] 12. " Psychomachia," by Aurelius Prudentius, a Latin poem on the conflict between virtues and vices in the soul, with marginal notes in English ; early 11th century. Outline drawings, tinted, the two shown representing Humility ascending to heaven, and Luxury seated at a banquet. [Cotton MS. Cleop. C. viii.] 13. Offices of the Holy Cross and Trinity, with calendar, tables, etc., in Tjatin and English ; written at New Minster, about 1012-1020, partly by the monk ^Ifwin, who became abbot in 1035. Two outline drawings, tinted, one of the Crucifixion, the other (exhibited) of the Father and Son seated and the Virgin standing on their right, with the infant Jesus in her arms and the Holy Spirit as a dove settling on her head. Below * See also nos. 112-114, in the lower compartment of the same case. 126 Ulvm't iiated M(()nisrri/)fs. are Satan, Judas, and Ariiis tlio heresiaich, fettered, and the o]>en jaws oi Hell. | Cotto)i MS. Titus D. xxvii. j I I. Kegister and niarty»olt)gy of New Minster, afterwards Hyde Abbey, in lAtlin and Kyujlislt ; written about lOlG-lO'JO, with continuations. Three pages of outline drawings, slightly tinted. The first depicts Cnut and his ([ueen yElfgyfu placing the great gold cross upon the high altar ; in the two pages shown angels are leading souls to the gate of heaven, held open b)' St. Peter, while, below. St. Peter and the devil are contending for a soul, and two souls are being cast into hell, the gate of which is locked by St. Michael. | Htoivc MS. 944. ] 15. Psalter, in Lathi, with glosses in English ; probably written at New Minster, about 1050. Miniatures, initials, and borders in colours, without gold. [Arundel MS. (50. | Case 2. 16. Psalter, in Latin ; 12th century. Finely executed miniatures in a stiff, archaic style. The original owner, a female, appears to have been connected with the abbey of nuns at Shaftesbury, in Dorset. [Lansdou-ne MS. 383.] 1 7. Life of St. Guthlac of Croyland, depicted in eighteen fine outline drawings in ink, slightly tinted, on a vellum roll, within medal- lions, accompanied by explanatory Latin sentences; late 12th century. \Harlcy Roll Y. 6, J 18. ■ Psalter, in Latin ; late 12th century. Five full-page miniatures on burnished gold backgrounds, and initials wdth figures and foliage. Belonged to Westminster Abbey. [Uoi/al 3IS. 2 A. xxii.] 10. Smaragdus on the monastic Kule of St. Benedict : early 13th century. A full-page miniature of St. Dunstan. on a gold ground. Belonged to Christ Church, Canterbury. [JRoijal 3IS. 10 A'. xiii.] 20. Bible, in Latin. A typical example of a 13th centuiy Bible, written in a minute hand and delicately illuminated with figure-initials and partial borders. Belonged to Robert de Bello, abbot of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, 1224-1253. [Burney MS. 3. J 21. Hours of the Virgin, etc., in L^atin, with calendar of a marked English character; latterhalf of the 13th century. Executed for a lady, who is kneeling before the Virgin in the first initial. Miniature-initials, with small grotesques, birds, animals, etc., in the margin, of most delicate work. | Ef/erton 31 S. 1151.] 22. Psalter, in Latin ; late 13th century. Miniatures and figure- initials, rather coarsely executed. The miniature shown on the left represents the Tree of Jesse, a favourite subject at the beginning of English Psalters. Belonged to John Grandison, Bishop of E\'eter (1327-1369), who bequeathed it to Isabella, daughter of Edward III. [Add. MS. 21926.] p. 126, no. 15. ^^^^i'^^- '^ ypc(iKf7v firSMAlLFA^ ■^^^" E5 ININiaVl ^ LATIN PSALTER, WITH ENGLISH GLOSS. ENGLISH, XI CENT. p. 127, no. 25. tiAHrr^ f«» m-.tefc • V -^ (a ftt»mi* ffmn V