3 1 822 01076 4579 „iiiiii!|Wi^ 3 1822 01076 4D/y HC "NIVERSITy OF CALIFORN,ro'" W JOLU, CALIFORf', George H. Cantwell, M. D. See page ICa. BASED ON THE CENSUS OF 1890. D^lau/ar^'5 l9dijstri^5 p Historical and Indust[[ial Review. 1891 KKKillToN I'KlN'riNti HOUSE rillLADKI.rillA. I PREFACE. The following pages tell the story of the business development of the State whose industrial life is mir- rored in this book so eloquently and exhaustiveh^ that little remains to be added by wa^- of introduction, save to express a most heartfelt appreciation on the part of the publishers for the unvarydng .courtesy with which all facilities of information were placed at the disposal of our representatives b}- the merchants and public officials of Delaware. Without this aid and sympathy our work would have been found lacking in the comprehensiveness and accuracy which it is believed to possess, and which alone can render it valuable. The record here presented is inspiring in the ex- treme, and should cause every citizen of this great Commonwealth to feel a sensation of laudable pride at the progress made in the fields of Literature, Science and Art. The approval of an intelligent community is not to be won without merit, and in submitting this work to a discriminating public the publishers have that confidence in a favorable judgment being pronounced upon it which always accompanies a consciousness of faithful and laborious effort. City of Wilmington. HISTORICAIv. TN the preparation of this work, as, mainly, a plain presentation of facts and figures relating to busi- ness interests, for the perusal of business men, the strictest brevity -compatible has been observed. Dis- cursive writing and the insertion of interesting irrele- vant matter has been avoided to the utmost, for the purppse of giving, in condensed form, business infor- mation concerning Wilmington. Nothing has been inserted that does not directly bear upon business affairs, or tend to illustrate the city's progress through its business success. In prefacing a very brief historical sketch of the events of the first century of Wilmington's existence, business, as well as general interests, will be subserved, in a measure, for the thoughtful reader will discover in the narrative of the early struggles of the little Swedish colon}-, a sufficient reason for the slow devel- opment of the settlement at its inception. Wilmington, originally named Christianaham, enjoys the distinction of representing the first success- ful settlement on Delaware River. Henry Hudson, sailing for the Dutch East India Company in search of a new route to China, discovered Delaware River in 1609, but did not explore it. Cornelius May, commanding an expedition, sent out in 1623 by the Dutch West India Company, is ^ THWI^^TTf WK^ 6 Delaware' s Indxistries. reputed to be the first European who sailed up Dela- ware River. He erected Fort Nassau and established a settle- ment at the mouth of Timber Creek, a few miles south of the site chosen at a later date for the town of Phila- delphia. The settlement languished, and in the course of ten years had been completely abandoned, though subsequent events proved that the fort, or trading house, was not destroyed. In 1 63 1 the West Indies Company sent out a sec- ond colony, under De Vries, which located on Lewis Creek, near Cape Henlopen. The fort and settlement there established was named Hoorn Kill. Leaving at this fort a garrison and colony num- bering about thirty individuals, De Vries sailed for Holland, aud returned in 1632, to find neither fort nor colonists. The Indians had killed the colonists and destroyed the settlement. De Vries conciliated the Indians of the locality, and then sailed up the Delaware to Fort Nassau, where he found no whites and only a few Indians. Failing to get supplies for his ship, he retraced his course, and after a variety of adventures arrived, in April, 1633, at Manhattan, where the first Dutch gov- ernor of New Netherlands was about to assume his official duties. Thus had two attempts by the Dutch to settle the valley of the Delaware signally failed, though by the law of nations their discovery and occupation of it had established their jurisdiction over the river and its tributary country. Delaware' s Industries. 7 It was in 1624 that William Usselinx, a merchant of Stockholm, Sweden, interested Gustavus Adolphus, the then reigning- monarch of that country, in a scheme for colonization in America. Gustavus had raised Sweden to the rank of a first- class European military nation, and was at the zenith of his glory. Swedish records denote that the plans of Usselinx were warmly espoused, and that an expedition actu- ally sailed for America, about 1627. That it never reached its destination is obscurely attributed to its destruction by the Spanish, with whom the Swedes were then at war. Gustavus was killed in battle in 1632, and was succeeded b}^ his infant daughter, Christina. Usselinx did not abandon his schemes ; and in the spring of 1638, a Swedish expedition, under Peter Minnit, a Dutchman, .sailed up the Delaware, entered a tributary stream, which was named the Christiana, and at a point of rocks, about two miles from the mouth of the stream, erected a fort and established a settlement named, in honor of the Queen, Christi- anaham. Wilmington, of to-day, embraces within its bor- ders this original settlement, and the point of rocks, where the landing was effected, is still visible at the riparian premises of a great iron-working corporation. Within the fort was "a magazine of goods" for trading purposes, and also a church in which the pious Protestant colonists worshiped for years. The homes of the settlers were clustered in the rear of the fort. 8 Delaware's Industries. In all these proceedings the Swedes were clearly interlopers; and the Dutch governor, at Manhattan, vigorous!}' protested against this invasion of Dutch territory. Sweden was already declining in power in Europe, but the instructions to the military governors success- ively appointed, after Minnit's death in 1641, were to control the Delaware b}- arbitrary power, hy the sword if necessar}'. Fresh expeditions from Sweden erected forts at two different points on the Delaware, and completeh^ held Dutch vessels at their mercy. Swedish domination of the river continued till 1655, with con- stant diplomatic war with the Dutch at Manhattan. Dutch vengeance fell swiftly at length. Sept. 2d, 1655, Dutch troops, under Peter Stuyvesant, appeared in front of Christianaham, fresh from the capture of Fort Casimir, five miles away, on the Delaware. The little town was completel)' invested, and surrendered unconditionally, on Sept. 15th, 1655. Says the historian (Ferris), from whose works these facts are gleaned: "Thus fell New Sweden; and thus ended the Swedish dominion in America. It took the sword, and perished with the sword." The conquered Swedes never revolted, nor does it appear that Sweden ever entertained any plans for re- conquest. While the Dutch were flowing into Delaware in limited numbers, the British subjects in New England were encroaching on New Netherlands, and capturing Manhattan in the summer of 1664, sent a fleet, which, in October 1664, captured Christianaham and all Dela- ware, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. Delaware s Industries. 9 Dutch rule had been narrow and repressive in Delaware; but English rule was greed_v robber}- through export and import taxes maintained and executed rigorously for»years. Dutch government of Delaware had been that of a trading company, which chiefly sought profitable trade wath the In ians through barter of Dutch goods for fur and skins. Christianaham was valued merely as a fortified trading port. Its develop- ment as a settlement was disregarded. Extensive agriculture and trade with other settlements were dis- couraged as enriching the .settlers instead of the company. Even the clearing off of adjacent forests was forbidden, lest the supplj^ of fuel for the fort should be endangered. Thus directly checked in honest industry, the settlers resorted to illicit trade, and despite every effort of the Dutch company- became extensive, expert smugglers. But with English rule this profitable illicit traffic was effectually suppressed while the burdens of the people were increased. Charles II, ofEugland, had granted to his brother, the Duke of York, all Dutch possessions in America. With their capture, the Duke made certain special grants, but retained control of New York and the territory on the w^est side of the Delaware. He was an arbitrary, oppres.sive ruler, with little regard for the civil and political rights of the people. The Swedes of Christianaham were specially oppressed by Gov. Lovelace, the Duke's represen- tative. Prompted by certain Swedish mercenaries in his following. Gov. Lovelace wrote: "As for the poor, lo Delaware' s [ndustries. deluded sort, I think the advice of their own country- men is not to be despised, who. knowing their temper well, prescribed a method for keeping them in order, which is severity, and laying such taxes on them as might not give them liberty to entertain any other thoughts but how to discharge them." The adoption and execution of this policy resulted in great hardship and general discouragement at Christianaham. " The people lived in great quiet, but extreme indolence. No agriculture, no trade was pursued, more than was necessar}-- to supply their absolute wants." At length England and France made war on Holland. A Dutch fleet swept the American coast, re- captured all New Netherlands in 1673, and once again Christianaham was subject to the Dutch. But on the restoration of peace, New Netherlands was ceded by the Dutch to England, and the British flag again fluttered over the homes of the four-times conquered Swedes of Delaware, though, since their first subjuga- tion by the Dutch, they had remained passive citizens, preserving their language and distinctive manners and customs. There had been intermarriages with the Dutch to a considerable extent, but Swedish characteristics were still dominant, and the Protestant Dutch worshiped in the Swedish churches. With the arrival in America, of Wm. Penn, iu 1682, came great relief to the Swedes. Said he, iu his address, " You shall be governed by laws of your own making, and live a free, and, if you will, a sober, industrious people." Delaware's Industries. ii They never bad been otherwise than "sober and industrious;" but, until Penn's advent, had had little voice in law-making. The town had always been repressed and oppressed, and the Swedes, especially ho. The total European population was but 1200 in 1659, and three-quarters of these were Swedes, and in 1663, there were not over 1000 Swedes in the town and its outlying districts. Under Penn's wise dispensation the whole valley of the Delaware prospered. A great event in Christianaham, was the laying of the corner-stone of the grand new church, on May 28th, 1698. It was dedicated in May, 1699. Then, as now, the town was pre-eminently a religious one. Then, as now, this church was held in deep veneration, mingled with justifiable, worldl}' pride. In all its quaint beauty and hoary antiquity- , it is the special pride of the Wilmington of to-day. Standing amid the graves of the early settlers, the little cemetery being enclosed with the solid stone-work of ancient days, it is but a few rods distant from the point of rocks, where the forefathers landed, and close to the spot where the fort stood. It is closely girted on two sides by dwellings, old and new, and along a third side, rush the countless trains of the Pennsylvania railroad. The site of the fort is within the yard of a mam- moth rolling mill; and all around is the smoke and din of various manufactories. But from the church, a glimpse of the Christiana and the point of rocks is obtainable; and within the church-yard there comes a hush to the heart, if not to the ear. As one views the ancient church, or stands on the 12 Delaware's Industries. historic point of rocks washed by the waters of the stream, loyally named by the Swedes after their child Queen, he cannot but regret that, in the excitement of a *' building boom," the historic, beautiful town-name of Christianaham should have been abandoned for one having no special significance for posterity. Thomas Willing evinced commendable enterprise in lajdng out the excellent, unimproved lands beyond the limits of the old settlement. It does not seem to be recorded why this adoption of the Philadelphia plan of streets, for a new section of the town, necessi- tated the exchange of the hallowed name of Christiana- ham for that of Willington,nor why Willington became, within fifty years, changed to that of Wilmington. Certainl}-, Willing's identity is practically lost in the name Wilmington while but for the happ}' retention of the Queen's name in that of the river, there would remain no prominent local title to suggest that Sweden ever had an interest in the metropolis of Delaware. It is not the aim of this sketch to recount the full story of Wilmington's varied experience to the present day. It had many tribulations and special, heavy calamities as time rolled on. It suffered, in common with all the Atlantic colonies, the woes of the wars of the Revolution and of 1812. But it never permanently retrograded while there was progress elsewhere. It had many difl&culties to surmount before it could take its natural place as the foundation of a great city of the future. With patieitt persistence these dijSiculties have been overcome, and expansion at ever}' point of the compass, is the reward of the effort. Delaware s hidustries. 13 "They are a plain, strong, industrious people," wrote Wm. Penn, of the Swedes of Christianaham; and again: "As they are a people proper and strong of body, so they have fine children, and almost every house is full. It is rare to find one of them without three or four boys and as many girls; some, six, seven, and eight sous. And I must do them that right to say, I see few young men more sober and laborious." The descendants of these excellently commended people are among the active workers of to-day in Wilmington, and evidence abounds of their inheritance of the sober, laborious qualities of their ancestors. They justify their city, and their city justifies them. 14 Delaivare' s Industries. Ch.^pter I SOME REPRESENTATIVE ENTERPRISES. The H.\rtmann & Fehrenbach Brewing Co. LovERiNG Avenue and Scott Street ; Depot, 4TH AND French Streets. The city of Wilmington has been able to supply home demands in almost every branch of trade, and in no industry is this fact more fully exemplified than in the production of malt liquors. The representative house of the State is the establishment of The Hart- mann & Fehrenbach Brewing Co. This immense en- terprise had its inception in 1865, as Messrs. Hartmann & Fehrenbach. The business continued thus until 1885, when it was incorporated under the State laws. The original proprietors were the fathers of the present oflBicers. The first president and vice-president of the organization have been succeeded by their sons. From its establishment the business has met with success in ever}' instance. The buildings form one of the most ample plants in this countr\'. The work of building was under the supervision of Mr. Fred. Wuuder, an expert in brew- ery architecture. The plant occupies about three acres of ground. Upon it have been erected various buildings, the main building, the engine-house, Delaware' s Industries. 15 stables and oflSce building being the principal ones. The main building is ample in dimensions and four stories in height. On the fourth floor are located the hot and cold water tanks, with a capacity of 210 barrels each ; from them the water used for brewing- purposes runs to the third floor, or the mash room. After passing through the processes here, it runs to the kettle, holding about 180 barrels ; and from there to the hop jack, holding about the same quantity. It is here pumped to the cooling room, on the fourth floor, which is kept at very low degree of temperature. It then passes over the patent cooling apparatus and is pumped into the fermenting room, which contains 27 tanks, each holding 75 barrels. After having passed through the process of fermentation, it is taken to the storage vaults, located below the ground floor ; they have been quarried out of solid rock, and are fitted throughout with a freezing apparatus. Storage vats are used, each holding from 250 to 300 barrels. It is then ready for barreling, all this being done in the vaults, no warm air being allowed to strike the liquors. The finest grade of malt is used. After having passed through the shakers, it passes through the mill, which is fitted with a peculiar magnet, which cleanses it from all iron or metal substances. This is also a great prevention against fire, as it removes everything that CDuld possibly cause friction. In addition to this every precaution is used to prevent conflagration, a fire box being on each floor, and with it are two hundred feet of hose. In every department the best possible appliances have been brought into operation, the firm having 1 6 Delaware s Industries. sunk an artesian well to the depth 1,100 feet, in order to obtain pure water. Steam power and electric lights are used. All appliances have been so well arranged that the firm are able to make three brewings in twenty- four hours, which is a much larger capacitj- than pos- sessed by any other brewery in this State. The firm were the first to adopt the ice machine in the State of Delaware, and the company has just replaced the original plant with one of latest improvement and of 65 tons capacity. The brewery in this respect is one of the most complete in the country . If we may be allowed to use the expression of a brewery expert, we may say, " that it is one of the most complete breweries, in ever}' sense, in the country." The annual capacity amounts to about 75,000 barrels of malt liquors, consisting almost entirel)^ of fine grade lager beers and porter. The trade is very extensive, extending throughout the peninsula and parts of Pennsylvania and Maryland. The management of affairs is devolved upon the following ofiicers : — Mr. John G. Hartmann, President ; Mr. J. George Fehrenbach, Vice-President ; Mr. Levi A. Bertolette, General Manager : Mr. John S. Rossell, Secretary and Treasurer. These gentlemen are all young, active and energetic business men, and the success of the house is largely due to their untiring eflforts. They have all been residents of the city for a number of years, and are very well known in connec- tion with every enterprise that tends toward its ulti- mate success. Delaware' s hidustries. i6a George H. CantwelIv, M.D., N.W Corner Eighth AND Spruce Streets. This wideh^ and popularly known young physi- cian and pharmacist of Wilmington is a fitting illus- tration of what hard study, industry and honesty will accomplish. Dr. Cantwell was born at Marley, near Elkton, Cecil county, Maryland, and is a descendant of Emer- son Cantw^ell, the first sheriff of the State of Delaware. The doctor at an early age came to this city, and, with the exception of his school days, has resided here ever since. At the age of seventeen years he entered the drug business, and, after a thorough and complete course of study, engaged in the business for himself ■ The finest drug-store in this immediate section is undoubtedly that of Dr. G. H. Cantwell. This gen- tleman established his business on the southeast corner of Eighth and Spruce streets about ten years ago, and about two years ago the present quarters w^ere obtained. The store is about 20x30 feet in dimensions. It is fitted and furnished in the most beautiful manner. The prescription department is under the personal supervision of the proprietor, thus assuring accuracy in this responsible avocation. A general line of drugs, patent medicines, per- fumery and toilet articles is kept; also physicians' and surgeons' requisites, and everything in this line. Several skilled clerks are employed. Dr. Cantwell enjoys the credit of being the young- est druggists' apprentice having passed the Philadel- 1 6b Delaware's Industries. pliia Pharmaceutical Rxaminin^ Board. He also grad- uated from the Jefferson Medical College, class of '84. In connection with his business here, he enjoys :i large and lucrative practice. Since locating here he has won the esteem of those with whom he forms pro- fessional and business relations. Not only has his name become a household word as a physician and surgeon, but he is also familiarly known as "the kind- hearted little doctor" who never refused to render his valuable services and medicines to those who are unable to pay for such. Among the various secret fraternities he is also widely known, being an active member of Old Asylum Lodge, No. 23, I. O. O. F.; Reynolds Encampment, No. 3, I. O. O. F,; a Free and Accepted Master Mason; Ka- dosh Commandery, K. of M.; Excelsior Lodge, No. 7, K. of P.; Warwick Castle, No. 8, K. G. E.; the Im proved Order of Red Men, American Mechanics, etc.. and at present the medical examiner of Brandywine Lodge, No. 4, Shield of Honor; Wilmington Lodge, No. 137, Order of Tonti; Delaware Lodge, Sexennial League, the Girard, etc. Delaware's Industries. 17 W. B. Clerk & Co., Morocco Manufacturers. Ninth and Walnut Streets. The morocco industries of this city received a strong exponent in the personages of Messrs. W. B. Clerk & Co., about two and a half years ago. Mr. Clerk was formerly a member of the firm of Clerk, Lennox & Briggs, of Haverhill, Mass. Retiring from that concern three years ago, he came to this city and started this plant. The premises occupied are the old Franklin Mills. The dimensions of the main building are 136x52 feet, five and a half stories in height, with an L 118x32 feet, two stories in height. All the newest and best appliances are used. Fine grades of leather are turned out, glazed kid and pebbles being the principal productions The house make a specialty of colors, being the only hou.se in the city devoting any time to this line. The aver- age capacity is about 250 dozens daily, this being second in size in the city. Mr. Clerk, the head of the firm, is an old-timer at this business, and is fully conversant with its many details The trade of the house lies principally in New England. Delaware Chemical Company. Manufacturers OF Ammonia, South Side Market Street. The manuTacture of ice has given rise to several concerns for the manufacture of ammonia used in the process of ice making. Among the largest in this line mav be mentioned the Delaware Chemical Com- 1 8 Delaivare' s Industries. pany. This concern was incorporated in 1886. The plant occupies an area of about 200x225 ^^^^ ^^ dimensions with many buildings thereon. The prin- cipal ones, however, are the factory and the store house. Only two kinds of products are turned out, aqua and anhydrous ammonia; the latter being the main article. It is the fluid used in refrigerating and ice machines, and there are but few firms in the countr}' that are able to produce it. The demand is large and it has a ready sale all over this country, Europe, South America, etc. During the season upwards of fifteen capable workmen are employed to further the interests of the business. The members of the firm are Messrs. A. D. Warner, W. G. Pennypacker, and H. J. Krebs. The latter gentleman is a thoroughly experienced chemist, and it was through his efforts that this plant was started. By assiduous attention to the minutest details and executive ability, he commands the esteem of those with whom he forms business relations. AiNSwoRTH Boiler and Pipe Covering Co. ; Fac- tory, 521 E. 4TH Street; Office 829 Washing- ton Street. The protection of wood-work, etc., from the heated pipes of a furnace or boiler has become one of the hardest problems to solve. Many coverings and cas- ings have been made, among the best and most promi- nently known is that of the Ainsworth Boiler and Pipe Delaware's Industries. 19 Covering Co. This firm had its original establish- ment about twenty j^ears ungler the management of Mr. E. Ainsworth, and about six 5^ears ago the present incorporation was formed. The plant for manufacturing occupies a building about 20x100 feet in dimensions and two stories in height. The composition turned out has all the advantages of asbestos and is cheaper; it is partly mineral and partly vegetable in composition. Eight capable men are employed in the manufacture. The firm have many references from the largest and best houses in the country: notably John Wana- maker, Philadelphia; J. S. Thorn, Philadelphia; Cam- bria Iron Co., Johnstown, Pa.; Robert Wetherell & Co., Chester, Pa.; the P. R. R. and P. W. & B. R. R. Go's; and, in fact, nearly all the principal users of steam in this city, and Philadelphia, Baltimore, and all large cities. The officers are W. H. Ainsworth, President; Jos. D. Ainsworth, Vice-President; E. Ainsworth, Secretary 20 Delaware' s Industries. and Treasurer. These gentlemen are all highly ex- perienced and practical men in this line; the)^ are all prominent residents of the cit}-. AiNSWORTH & I^INGO, PROPRIETORS AND PaTTEN- TEENS OF Steam Blow Pipe Cleanser and Circulator. There have been many patents issued with the idea of preventing the sedement in the bottom of a boiler. The best that has come before our notice is the steam blow pipe cleanser and circulator, made under the patents of Messrs. Ainsworth & Lingo. By means of this invention all sediment and grease is taken from the bottom of the boiler whenever the blow-off pipe is opened. Above will be seen a cut of this con- trivance with an explanation annexed. Delaware' s Indiistries . 21 Explanation figure no. i. Figure No. i is a horizontal section of a boiler showing the improved cleansing pipe in position. No. 2 is a vertical section of the same and a detailed view of a portion of the circulating and cleansing pipe. A is the shell of a cylindrical steam boiler, and B is the blow-off pipe. C — the screw thumb coupling sleeve being bent it follows that the compound sectional thus formed is placed in the boiler in a horizontal position and is connected with the Blow-ofF Pipe. B — the coupling sleeve rests on the curved wall of the boiler, so that the section C extends across the lowest portion of the boiler as shown in Figure No. 2. The sectional perforated pipe not only serves for cleansing the boiler, but strictly maintaining a circulation of the boiler, from the fact the water is forced into the pipe in all directions through said perforated pipe. The entire length of the boiler, and the end of the pipe is closed with a plug, so that all of the impurities must come through the perforation as shown in Figure i . We guarantee this pipe to give satisfaction. We will take it again at our own expense if it does not do what we claim. The members of the iirm are Messrs. E. Ains- worth and L/Ouis H. Lingo. Both gentlemen have been residents of this city for some time and are very well known in this line of trade. DIRECTIONS FOR USING AINSWORTH & LINGO'S PATENT STEAM BLOW. First. — Blow down your boiler after standing still, especially upon a boat; also with a stationary as far as practicable. Do not fail to observe this rule. 22 Delaware' s IndustHes. Second. — It should be blown at least once every twenty-four hours, and then observe the amount of mud and grease that is thrown off. If you follow closely this rule, you will not have to clean j'our boiler more than once a year, or perhaps not at all. The ex- perienced ^^-ngineer knows that sediment, grease and other impurities cause a galvanic action in boilers, where there is no circulation, and this blow pipe is guaranteed to prevent anything of that kind. Third — Blow all stationary boilers once during the day. Always blow a little before starting if pos- sible, and throw off the sediment or mud. If you watch closeh^ the discharge you will see the good effect. Fourth. — When in use on steamboats, and espe- ciallj" where there is much mud this rule should be specially observed. Before starting in the morning and laying up for the night, or laying for any length of time, at night 3'ou should open j-our blow pipe and throw off that which has settled. If you notice the discharge, you will be convinced of its usefulness and economy, and the great saving of time. Besides its simplicity and purpose it excels anything that is before the public. Be careful and close the blow tight before leavino- it. Ainsworth's Improved Belt Clamp. Explanation. — B and A, ends of belt. B2 and B2 clamp bars with corrugation that acts like a vise in holding the belt from slipping through the clamp. Bars C and C at four corners, the bolts that hold clamps firmly together on the belt. D and D, rods with right Delaware' s Industries. 23 and lett hand screws that draw both ends of the belt together at the same time. E and E, ratchets that turn the rods and cause the two ends of the belt to approach each other rapidly. C and C, thumb screws which, by turning, changes the ratchet and causes it to work right and left hand. F and F, ratchet handle that screws into the end of ratchet, four at ends of clamps is four nuts on ends of rods, and C and C at the four ends, are the tips that hold the nuts from turning. The J. Barkley & Bro's. Co., Steam Candy Works and Cracker Bakers, S. W. Corner Fourth and French Streets. Notwithstanding the strong competition brought to bear on Wilmington, from Philadelphia and Balti- more, in some lines of goods the manufacturers have Delaware' s Industries. 25 been able to hold their own against all comers, notably The J. Barkley & Bro's. Co., who started here in 1868. and in 1884 the incorporation was formed. This firm have b}' energy and push built up a trade extending all over Delaware and portions of Maryland and Pennsylvania. The plant occupies a building about 75 feet square and is four stories high ; it is fitted with all the newest and most novel labor saving inventions. Constant employment is given to from 25 to 40 capable assistants. Every facility for making candy is used, notably the "candy toy machine" that was on exhibition at the Centennial in Philadelphia during 1876. It is well to remark here that there are onlj- three other such machines in the country, one each, in New York, Philadelphia and Chicago. The products of the house consist of all kinds of crackers, cakes, candy, lozenges, caramels, etc., and the firm are extensive dealers in foreign and domestic fruits and nuts. They are the agents for the E. I Dupont de Nemours & Company Powder Works. The officers of the company are James Barkley. President ; Samuel Barkley, Vice President ; M. S. Barkley, Secretary and Treasurer. They have all spent many years in this business and are fulh^ alive to the demands of the trade and are able to supply it. Diamond State Brewery, Joseph Stoeckle, Pro- prietor, Fifth and Adams Streets. The consumption of malt liquors has increased greatly in this country during the past twenty j^ears. 26 Delaware' s Industries. Delaware' s Industries. 27 It is partially due to the improved order of product and the influx of foreigners into this country. There is not an establishment in this section of the country bearing a more favorable reputation than that of Mr. Joseph Stoeckle. This business is the direct outcome of Messrs. Nebeker Bro's. business vi^ho founded here in 1859 ; Mr. Stoeckle took the management in 1874 and by increased facilities added a new stimilus to the nucleus already formed. In 1881 it was unfortunately destroyed by fire, nothing daunted, the enterprising p oprietor at once rebuilt anew the present large and handsome building in the next year. These new quarters are fully equipped with the newest improved appliances, apparatus, and machinery, and an immense amount of capital is invested in the plant. The building is five stories in height and is one of the best appointed breweries in this country. The works are driven by a steam engine of 80-horse power and every other trade convenience is enjoj^ed. The house are most careful in the production of malt beverages to see that no deleterious substances are allowed to enter into the product. The art of chemistry has been brought to bear on this branch in the case of testing, and by scientific processes, the product has been improved to a great extent. This enormous plant has greatly added to the increased facilities of Wilmington as a manufacturing centre. The annual output is something like 30,000 barrels. To locally distribute this, necessitates the employment of 22 head of horses and the necessary number of de- livery wagons. Upwards of 35 skilled men are con- stantly employed in the manufacture of malt liquors. 28 Delaware' s hidustries. The trade of the house extends all over the penin- sular and parts of Pennsylvania, Marjdand and Virginia, and wherever introduced has won the highest cot i- ments for purity and flavor. A specialty of the house is Dublin Stout in bul c and bottles. This is in everyway equal to the iniportt article and finds a ready sale. Mr. Stoeckle is too well-known to require au;- comment at our hands, having been a prominent ^esi dent of this city since 1854, he is regarded as a liberal, consistent business man in trade circles. LiNDivEY C. Kent, Lumber, S. E. Corxer Front AND Monroe Streets. Among the larger industries of Wilmington the lumber trade does not stand at the last. There are many large companies in this line of trade, among them may be mentioned the establishment of Mr. Lindley C. Kent. This business was originalh- establi.shed in 1873 under the same name that it now carries. The yard is large and arranged in the most com- modious manner, the dimensions of it are 135 feet "^n Front, with a depth on Monroe street of 128 feet, it is almost entirely sheded with about 13,000 square feet of roofing. A siding comes into the yard from the W. & N. R. R., thus giving all the best facilitie.-^ for shipping and receiving. The trade done is principally in building lumber and hardwoods of all kinds. When running normally the business gives employment to 10 capable workmen. Delaware s Indtistries. 29 Mr. Kent is a native of Chester County, Pa., but has been a resident of this city since 1866, he has taken an active interest in everything tending towards the citj-'s welfare. He has been in this business almost continuousl}' since 1866 and is thoroughly familiar with all the nianv details of the trade. Gawthrop & Bro. Co., Plumbers, Steam and Gas Fitters Supplies, 102 and 104 W. Fourth Street, Certainly there is not a more prominent firm in Wilmington, devoted to this line of trade, than the Gawthrop & Bro. Co. This business was originally opened in 1857 by the father of the present proprietors, and after passing through various changes became in- corporated in 1888. A very large and handsome building was erected some time ago by them for their own use. It is 90x120 feet in dimensions. The first floor being used as a showroom and office as well as the fitting shop. The building is fitted with all the best appli- ances for carrying on a business of this sort, an engine of 30-horse power is used to propel the machinery aad the building is heated by steam throughout, having all the modern improvements. All the newest designs for sanitary plumbing are to be found here. Steam and gas fittings are also sold extensively all through this State, Pennsylvania, Maryland and New Jersey. The firm are the agents for the Halladay Standard Wind- mill, the merits of the mill are too well-known to re- quire elucidation here. They are jobbers in all kinds of steam fitting and plumbing materials. 30 Delaware' s Industries. Constant employment is given to from 30 to 50 skilled workmen in the different branches and no lack of attention is bestowed upon the interests of the trade. The officers are Alfred Gawthrop, President ; J. N. Gawthrop, Vice-President; W.J. Gawthrop, Sec- retary ; B. F. Shaw, Treasurer and General Superin- tendent. These gentlemen have all been identified with this line for many years. They are all well- known, socially, politicall}' and commercially and command the highest esteem in trade circles. McCabe «& Darragh, Wagon^ Builders, Fourth AND Walnut Streets. The demand for fancy delivery wagons has grown to such proportions lateh^ that many houses through- out the country have devoted their energies to this kind of work. In this city may be mentioned Messrs. McCabe & Darragh. This firm had its original incep- tion in 1884. xVt that time they produced nearly everything in the carriage line, but, little b}' little, it has changed until it is now almost exclusively delivery wagons. The premises occupied are about 150x100 feet in dimensions and four floors in height. The first floor is used as a show-room, while the upper floors are used for manufacturing and storage purposes. The building is everywhere fitted with the newest and most approved appliances, giving employment to about fift}' men. The annual capacity is about 1,300, and it is surprising how cheapl}' they can sell a wagon made of the best materials. Delaware' s Indtistries. 31 The trade has no territorial boundary lines, ex- tending all over the country and in parts of the West Indies. The members of the firm are Mr. John C. McCabe and Mr. Rich. Darragh. Both gentlemen are thor- oughly familiar with all the many details of this busi- ness, and know just where the cost of production may be reduced. Tatnall Bros., Flour, Feed, Grain, Etc., ioi Maryland Avenue. The most prominent and best known house deal- ing in this class of stuff is Messrs. Tatnall Bros. This house was originally launched upon its successful business career, in 1879, by A. R. Tatnall, at 713 Lancaster avenue, then known as Front street. In 1883 the firm was changed to Tatnall Bros, by the admission of Thomas Tatnall to the firm, and the commodious warehouse was built at loi Maryland ave- nue during this year. The business now, however, is carried on by Mr. A. R. Tatnall, under the firm-name of Tatnall Bros. The business occupies a large and extensive building, three stories in height, 60x32 feet in dimen- sioiis, and is filled with labor-saving appliances for handling the grain, etc. A siding from the Wilmington and Northern Railroad is extended into the building and grain elevator, and conveyors place the grain in any bin in the house ; the bins are hoppered so that one man on the first floor can draw off all the orrain 32 Delaware' s Indtistries. into bags without aii}- trimming ; and as the grain is unloaded special cleaning machinery is used to remove all chaff, dirt, seeds, etc. One run of French burr stones are used for grind- ing feed. This machinery is all driven by an Otto gas engine. The firm have put in new machinery for recleaning oats, and have saved the horses of Wilming- ton from eating over 10,000 pounds of dirt, which has been taken out of the oats within the past year. This house deals in feed, grain, cotton seed meal, hay, straw, flour, buckwheat, etc. A specialty of the house is fine flours, all the leading brands being con- stantly kept on hand. Employment is given to about four capable men ; the small number is owing to the labor-saving machinery and no hauling of goods into house. Several teams are used to deliver orders. A. R. Tatnall; the head of the firm, has been a life-long resident of the city, and is very well known, being of one of the oldest and best families in the city. QuiGLEY & Mullen, Wholesale Grocers, No. 107 AND 109 Market Steeet. The largest concern devoting its energies to this branch of trade is that of Messrs. Quigley & Mul^n. These gentlemen established business here about seven years ago, and as the years have gone by, the trade has been steadily increasing, extending itself over all this State and parts of Maryland, Pennsylvania and Virginia. o w M Q ;z: Delaware' s Industries. 57 boiler house, &c., having a capacity of tanning and finishing 150 dozen skins per day. The success of this business, which was started in 1881, has been very marked, and as Mr. McClary imports his raw stock in large quantities from Calcutta and London, he is enabled to place his goods in the market at the most favorable prices to the consumer. The firm have in operation a store at No. 30 High Street, Boston, Mass. Mr. McClarj' has been a life-long resident of the city. He is a very active citizen, taking a prominent part in all things tending toward the ultimate benefit of the city. The Pusey & Jones Company, Builders of Iron Vessels, Steam Engines and Boilers, Ma- chinery FOR Paper and Sugar Mills, and Heavy Machinery Generally, Perhaps, in proportion to its population, no city in the world turns out more ships than Wilmington. The art here is very old, having been introduced by the Swedes, and as the years have been passing the greatest perfection has been reached. In 1848 the firm of Pusey & Jones had its incep- tion. The firm were boat builders and machinists; the business kept increasing and the plant was enlarged from time to time until it now covers more than eight acres of ground, lying between the P. W. & B. R. R. and the Christiana creek. In 1866 Mr. Jones retired from business, and in 58 Delaware' s Indnstries. 1879 it was incorporated under the laws of the State as the Fuse)' & Jones Company. The premises are about 1,200 feet front on the creek with a depth of 900 feet on the railroad. Various buildings have been erected from time to time until now there are about 10 buildings in all, comprising the boiler, smith and machine shops, the pattern house and the storage house for the storage of manufactured product and tools. The firm have in operation two marine railways each capable of lifting an enormous vessel . Throughout every department the labor has been thoroughly systemized and the greatest possible per- fection is reached in each line. The force of emploj^ees is about 900 skilled workmen, many of whom have spent their entire lives with the firm. The principal products maj- be summed up as follows: Iron ships, paper, powder, sugar and starch machiner}-, cotton compresses, iron and brass castings, besides steam engines and boilers. The iron foundrj' has a yearly capacity of about 4,500,000 tons of cast- ings. The cotton compresses are the best in the market exerting a pressure of 3,000 tons to the bale and hand- ling 100 bales an hour. The firm are manufacturers of the Gould Screen for paper mills. This appliance has already achieved an international reputation. Sugar machinery, of the latest and most modern designs, is also turned out. In many cases whole refineries have been fitted out In fact, any special machine can be made here, as the firm have at their disposal all the best appliances for building heavy machinery. Delaware s Industries. 59 Shipbuilding has formed the bulk of their opera- tions, however. The product has already amounted to more than 180 iron and steel vessels besides innumer- able wooden crafts. A revenue cutter is now on the stocks, being built for North Carolina waters. The firm have been awarded many gov^ernment contracts, having built three fumigating steamers for the Marine Hospital service. The "Lottie Morrill" and the "Grant," both cutters, are the product of this house. The Trinity shore light ship was built here, besides two others of the same class. Nearer home we have the Thomas Clyde and the John F. Smith, both plying on the Delaware river. The trade has been very extensive throughout Southern United States and South America. The firm owns a line of vessels phang on the Orinoco river and to Trinidad. Many vessels of light draft have been sent south in bulk and put upon the rivers down there. The "Knickerbocker" and "Hudson," running be- tween New York and New Orleans, were built here. The fire boats in New York harbor were built here. The "Volunteer," made famous by her victory over the English cutter in the Fall of 1888, was built here. There are but few concerns of this character that have maintained such a high reputation for good work as this. Their history has been one of constant success. The management is now devolved upon the following gentlemen: Joshua L. Pusey, Pres. ;Thos. H. Savery, Vice-Pres. ; Wm. W. Pusey, Treas. ; Charles W. Pusej', General Manager; Samuel C. Biddle, Sec. In addition to their connection with this company Mr. Charles Pusey is a director of the First Natiouaj 6o Delaware' s Industries. Bank, of Delaware; Mr. Savery is a director of the Wilmington Savings Fund, and Wm. W. Pusey is con- nected with the Equitable Trust Company. Delaware Car Works, Jackson & Sharp Company, Manufacturers of Passenger, Sleeping, City, Baggage and Freight Cars, also Builders OF Wooden Vessels, etc. The above companj- is too well-known throughout the country to require any extended comment at our hands, 3'et the exigencies of our work require at least some brief mention of its^ character and resources. The business was established in 1863 as Jackson & Sharp, and was incorporated as a company in 1870, with a capital stock of $500,000. It is impossible with the limited space at our dis- posal, for us to give a detailed account of the immense plant operated by this corporation. It covers an area of about fifteen acres, on which are erected a number of structures, each devoted to specific purposes and syste- matically divided into departments. The works present a perfect hive of industry-, and include almost every branch of mechanical art. Thus, in the car building there are employed wood-workers, car builders, cabinet makers, carvers, turners, blacksmiths, spring makers, upholsterers, painters, ornamental painters, tinners, plumbers, gas and steam fitters, and many other arti- ficers. The machinery is, of course, on the largest scale, and includes labor saving appliances of the best description, and the motive force is supplied from four powerful engines of combined 350 horse power. The Dela wa re ' ^ In dusiries . 6 1 various departments of the work entail the services of about 1,200 mechanics, the wages to pay which con- stitute a verj' im,portant item in the make-up of the city's thrift and prosperity. The company are manufacturers of cars of all des- criptions, both for highways and railroads, from the ordinary flat freight car up to the most elegantly con- structed and artistically finished rolling palace. The product being about 1,000 cars 3'early. The firm have shipped several ship loads of cars, knocked down, to France, Austria and Spain during the past year. The cars of this concern are found in every State of the Union as well as in South America, Europe and Australia. The "Dom Pedro," which was built by them for the Emperor of Brazil, was awarded a medal at the Centennial Exposition, and they also built an elegant palace car for the use of King Oscar of Sweden. The Jackson & Sharp Company are also con- structors of wooden vessels of all descriptions, both sailing and steamships. For the coast-wise trade many of the largest four-masted schooners afloat have been erected at these yards ; a number of dredging machines have also been built here. These are also in demand both at home and abroad. Another department of the business is that of hard-wood finish and decorating for banks, fine stores, private residences, etc. The officers of the corporation are as follows: Job H. Jackson, President; Charles S. Howland, Treasurer, and Elwood C. Jackson, Secretary and Vice-President. Were it the mission of this work to speak of the per- sonal career of those gentlemen, who have .so much 62 Delaware's Industries. contributed to build up the reputation of Wilmington as an industrial centre, the limits of our work would, of necessity, be greatlj' enlarged. Mr. Sharp retired from active service in 1870, shorth^ after the corpora- tion was formed. He was, however, a prominent and highly respected resident of the city until his death in 1888. We may, however, be permitted to say that Mr. Job H. Jackson, the founder of this enterprise, commenced life in a very differ- ent sphere from that in which he now moves. His first business venture was as clerk in a grocerj^ store, when at the age of fourteen he first came to Wilming- ton from Chester Co., Pa. From that humble position he has worked his way to be president of this great corporation. Mr. Jackson is also President of the Delaware Hospital, director of the Artisans' Saving Bank and a member of the Board of Port Wardens, In concluding this brief sketch, we can but say, that altogether, the standing and facilities of this com- pany are beyond criticism, and the works stand as a monument to the enterprise and ability which have directed their affairs. Jones, Guthrie & Co., Carriages, South Side Market Street. Many remarks have been made about the enormous carriage trade of Wilmington, but it is only the push and energy of the various firms combined with the city's natural advantages as a manufacturing centre that have built it up. Delaware's Industries. 63 64 Delaware' s Industries. Among the most successful may be mentioned that of Messrs. Jones, Guthrie & Co. These gentle- men succeeded Messrs. A. Flaglor &Co., in 1861, and have since managed it. The plant covers an area of about 100x300 feet in dimension. Two large buildings are used, one 70x40 and the other 60x150. They are both two stories in height, and arranged in the most compact manner. The products consists of all kinds of light carriages, such as buggies and one and two- seated Surreys, Pittsburg-Rockaways, phaetons, &c. A specialty is made of repairing. The business gives employment to about 20 skilled operators. The sons of Mr. Guthrie have the active management of the business. They are Messrs. W. T. and G. C. Guthrie, both practical and energetic young business men. McKee & Pyle, Lumber Dealers, South Side Market Street Bridge. The lumber trade in this section of the country has a strong exponent in the personage of Messrs. McKee & Pyle This business was originally started as Cran- ston & Newbold, and after passing through various changes came under the management of Mr. G. W. McKee in 1889, and in January 1890 the firm was changed to the present one. The yards are very large, with a frontage on the river of about 200 feet, and a private siding from the R. R. This gives them all the opportunities to receive and ship stuff at the best rates. The firm have also telephone connection, their number being 187. Delaware' s Indtistries. 65 A very large stock is carried, comprising all grades of hemlock, spruce, pine, and a general line of building lumber, lime, sand, cement, coal, plasters and building materials generally. The business gives con- stant employment to twelve men and six teams are kept bus\'. The members of the firm are Mr. Geo. W. McKee and Victor R. Pyle. Both gentlemen have been engaged in this business for many years, and are familiar with all its details. Mr. McKee was chosen County Tax Collector in January 1889, and he still holds the office, to the entire satisfaction of the citizens. J. V. Carlisle & Company, hardware, 303 Market st. Hart & Brother, pork packers, 5th and Poplar streets. Francis Kelly & Company, liquors, 103 Market street. James Morrow & Sons, Grocers, 211 Market street. Atlas Dredging Company, contractors, 510 Market st. J. vS. Mullin & Son, tailors, 60 Market street. Speakman Supply and Pipe Company, 113 Market st. Repauno Chemical Company, 9th and Market streets. The Arlington Mills Manufacturing Co., cotton goods. Walther & Company, carriages, south side. Hoopes & Townsend Co., bolts, 2d and Lombard sts. I. T. Quigley, morocco, 4th and Monroe streets. Thos. Drein & Son, life boats, R. R. & Tatnall. James F. Wood & Company, heaters and ranges. A. Iv. Henderer, machinist, Maryland avenue. Gallagher & Rumer, heaters, 709 Orange street. Hilles & Jones Co., machine tools, 9th and Church sts. 66 Del a wa re ' s In d us tries . MLCullougli Iron Company, sheet iron, 7th street. Wilmington Steamboat Compan3^ 4th street wharf. Davis Spring Plate Company, foot of 7th street. Diamond State Car Spring Company, foot of 7th st. Bowe Carriage Company, 8th and Orange streets. Delaware Feed, Water & Heater Company, east 4th st. Remington Machine Company, east 4tli street. Peninsula Lumber Company, south side. Delaware Terra Cotta Compau)', east Wilmington. James H. Beggs & Co., brick m'f'gs, east Wilmington. Wilmington Dental Manufacturing Co., 1012 King st. Wilmington Malleable Iron Company, Taylor street. Lea Puse}^ & Company, 13th and Poplar streets. Johnson Forge Company, south side. E. I. Dupont de Nemours Compan5\ Delaware' s Industries. 67 Chapter II. Frank J. Murphy, Installment House, 117 Market Street, 116 Shipley Street. To facilitate the method of securing goods to the many people in this section, perhaps no house in the State is better qualified to supplj^ the demands of the trade through a method by which au}^ one can secure goods on easy terms. Among the best known furnishing houses in this section of the country, may be mentioned that of Mr. Frank J. Murphy. This gentleman is the proprietor of two stores in Baltimore, similar to this one. The branch here was opened about a year ago, and placed under the management of a man who is thoroughly familiar with all the workings of this business. Mr. John T. King, through his energy and push, has been enabled to secure a large trade. The prem- ises occupied consist of a large .store about 20x117 feet in?j dimensions ; three floors in height. A well selected stock is carried, comprising furniture for par- lor, kitchen, dining-room and office, house furnishing goods, stoves, ranges, rugs, matting, carpets, animal skins, lace curtoiiis nnrl everything in this line. 68 Delaware' s Indusbdes. "Morning News." The Morning News is the onh' morning daily newspaper having general circulation published in the state of Delaware. It is the leading newspaper of the state. Able, honest and clean, it is a persistent and effective exponent of its espoused principles. It is Republican in politics. Its news columns cover all the important foreign and domestic happenings re- ported by the New York Associated Press service. In its local field, it is a full and accurate record of each day's history. It circulates all over the peninsula of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia, and successfully occupies this large local field, in which it has no rival. The first number of the Morning News was pub- lished March i, 1880. The paper was then owned and published by John A. Emmerson and Henry C. Con- rad, under the firm name of Emmerson & Conrad. The plant with which the}^ began the publication was that of the Morning Herald, bought of George O' Byrne & Co. The Morning Herald was the first morning dail}^ paper published in Delaware. It was founded by John O' Byrne, a lawyer, who removed from Philadelphia to Wilmington, and was conducted by his three sons and his sister. It was Democratic in politics. The life of the paper waned with the de- clining political fortunes of its founder. The first number of the Herald was pu]:)lished in August, 1S76. In February, 1880, it was bought by Emmerson & Conrad, the founders of the Morning Neivs. The issue of the Herald ceased with February, and, on March i, 1880, the first number of the Morning Nexus appeared. Delazvare s Indtistries . 69 The new paper stepped at once into the front rank as an enterprising newspaper. It was the first paper in the state to secure the Associated Press news. In politics it was equally aggressive, and at once assumed the position of a leafier on questions of state reform. Its first management was short-lived. Mr. Emmerson, an experienced journalist, devoted himself to the organization of the paper ; but, at the end of four months, he withdrew from the firm, and was succeeded by Isaac R. Pennypacker, of Philadelphia. The firm was reorganized, under the name of Conrad & Penny- packer. The new firm conducted the paper with marked ability until January, 1882, when, Mr. Conrad deciding to resume tiis law practice, the property was sold. Conrad & Pennypacker obtained a charter for and organized the Neivs Publishing Company, to which the paper was sold. The stockholders of this company consisted of the late owners and a number of the representative merchants, manufacturers and professional men of the city of Wilmington. The late Isaac Henderson, of New York Citv, and for forty years joint owner with the late William Cullen Bryant of the New York Evening:. Post, and Watson R. Sperry, a graduate of Yale University in the class of '71, who for six years had been managing editor, and for three years the responsible editor, of the Evening Post, were the priticipal stockholders. Mr. Sperry became editor- in-chief. The controlling stockholders at this time are Watson R. Sperry and Edgar M. Hoopes. Mr. Sperry is president and treasurer of the News Publishing Company, and editor-in-chief of the Morning News. Delaware' s hidustries. 'ji Mr. Hoopes is secretary ot the company and business manager of the paper. He is a native of Ohio, and conies from the Western Reserve. He received a thorough training in the newspaper business in the counting-rooms of the Chicago Times and Cleveland Leader. He has entire charge of the business affairs of the Morning News. The new owners at once adopted an energetic and enterprising business policy. The paper was enlarged, the reportorial force increased, and within three months the plant was removed from the old Moryiing Herald office, on Shipley street, to the Mofning News Building, its present handsome and convenient quar- ters, at No. 511 Market street. The Morning News, under these conditions, be- came a potent force for good in the city and state. Every question of local and national importance was ably, fairly and fearlessly discussed in its editorial col- umns. It became the ally of every good influence and the advocate of every movement which fitterapted to better the condition of the people through right methods. Its attacks on local abuses provoked many counter-attacks from its opponents. Three liliel suits were instituted against it during the first eighteen months of its career under the new management. Other suits of the same kind have been started during its history ; but not one has been pressed to a conclu- sion before the courts. This fact is, perhaps, the best gauge of the justice of its criticisms. In the fifth year of its new history, the Morning News successfully combatted a printers' strike in its own office, opposed the great morocco strike which par- 72 Delaware' s hidustries. alyzed the morocco business of Wilmington in March, 1886, and endured a boycott ordered by the Typo- graphical Union. The printers' strike did not cause the paper to miss an issue. Within one week a full force of non-union printers were at work on the paper. Nearly all of this force is still in the employ of the paper, and is now organized as Delaware Fraternity, No. 4, of the National Printers' Protective Fraternity. The Morning News, after investigating the causes and motives underlying the morocco strike of March 23, 1886, unhesitatingly declared that the strike was an error, its motives wicked, and that it would result disastrously for the strikers and the community at large. The Morning Nezvs stood alone in this position for two weeks. The end justified its criti- cisms and judgment. During this strike, the Typo- graphical Union ordered a boycott of the paper, be- cause of what the Union termed opposition to organ- ized labor. The usual methods of boycotters were employed to punish the management of the paper for its opposition to the revolutionar}- methods of the strikers, but without success. The business men of the city came promptly to the aid of the paper, giving it a generous support, which has been continued through its .subsequent history. The News has alwaj^s been in sympathy with the working people, but it has also maintained the sacredness of property rights as the true basis of success for those who , are honestly striving to secure a competence. The Morning News has been enlarged three times under its present management, and is now a four-page paper of eight columns each. It is printed on one of Delaware s Industries. 73 Hoe's new improved fast printing and folding presses, and is published ever}- day in the year except Sunda)^s. It is the advocate and ally of the churches, charitable organizations, and of the public schools. Its course has won friends for it among all classes of newspaper readers, and given it extended influence among people of all shades of political opinion. The Weekly Morning News was first published April 6, 1883. It has since become an influential paper, circulating upon the Delaware and Mar5dand Peninsula. Thomas McHuGH, Wholesale Liquors, 13 Market Street. The wholesale liquor trade of this section has an exceedingly strong exponent in the personage of Mr. Thos. McHugh. This gentleman opened business in 1885 and has, since the inception been most successful. The premises occupied are about 20x60 feet in dimensions and three .stories in height. They are fitted in the most commodious manner. The stock carried is very large, comprising foreign and domestic wines, liquors, cordials, and in fact every- thing in this line. The Eclipse whiskey put up by this firm has achieved a reputation second to none, it is one of the finest grades of old rj-e that can be made. Two skilful assistants are constantly employed. Mr. McHugh is thoroughly versed in all points regarding the business, and all those dealing with him may rest assured that they are getting full value in return for their monev. 74 Delaware s Industries. John McVey, Boots and Shoes, Front and Market Streets. In this section of the cit}^ it would be hard to find a more favorably known establishment than that of Mr. John McVey. This gentleman opened business about eight years ago, at 14 east Front street, and came here August 1889, and from the inception, received every assurance of success. The store is about 23x58 feet in dimensions, fitted in a most commodious manner. A very large stock of boots and shoes is carried, all styles and kinds for men, ladies and children are being sold. The trade is wholesale as well as retail, extend- ing over a large portion of the state. Mr. McVey has been prominent in public as well as business life, having been chosen by his admiring fellow citizens to represent them in the City Council. Delaware' s Industries. 75 Morrow Bros., Boots and Shoes, 115 Market Street. There is scarcely a better known establishment of this character in this vicinity than that of Messrs. Morrow Bros. These gentlemen started business about four years ago and have thus far been most successful. The premises occupied, consist of a store about 20x30 feet in dimensions, it is nicely fitted and fur- nished in the most commodious manner. Boots, shoes, rubbers and brogans for men's wear are kept. Fine shoes being made a speciality of. The assistance of three capable persons is constantly required. The members of the firm are Messrs. Robert and James Morrow, both gentlemen having had large experience in this line, are in every waj- capable of supplying the demands of the most particular custom- ers, and are respected in trade circles as responsible dealers. 76 Delaware s Industries. C. P. Davis, Shoe and Leather Findings, 123 Market Street. There are a great number of shoe stores in the city who depend entirely upon home market for purchase of supplies. One of the best known houses of this character is that of Mr. C. P. Davis. This gentleman has been engaged in this business for the past sixteen years. Three years ago the present quarters were taken. The store now occupied is about 18x30 feet in di- mensions and fitted in the most commodious manner, and carries a comprehensive line of shoe and leather findings, and supplying the trade throughout this sec- tion. This gentleman has ever}' facility for the suc- cessful conduct of his business. Mr. Davis has been a resident of this city for more than forty ^-ears, having always been prominent in pub- lic as well as in private life. He is an active member of the Societ}' of Odd Fellows, and is respected as an hon- orable business man in trade as well as social circles. George W. Quinn. Merchant Tailor, 122 Market Street. It seems almost impossible to get a ready made suit that will fit well, and it scarcely pays to buy them when such clothes as those from Mr. G. W. Quinn can be obtained. Has spent 30 j-ears in this avocation in this city. This business was established by Mr. William H. Quinn, the father of the present proprietor, nearly a quarter of Delaware s Indtcstries. 77 a century ago, during which time he has readily taken the front rank among the merchant tailors in this city, and after managing it for eighteen years, turned it over to his son, the present proprietor, about seven years ago. Mr. George W. Quinn has had a life experience in this business and now occupies the premises, which are about 24x90 feet in dimensions, at No. 122 Mar- ket street. A verj^ choice selection of imported and domestic fabrics for men's wear is carried. All the leading designs can here be seen. Employment is given to about 15 skilled workpeople in and out of the building. Mr. Quinn has been a long resident of the city. At the age of twenty-five, he entered the state mili- tia, as a private in cavalry Troop B, and was promoted to Commissary Sergeant of Governor's stafif, which position he held until honorably discharged in 1890. Mr. Quinn is also connected with the Ancient Order United Workmen and the Knights of the Gol- den Eagle, commanding the esteem of all with whom he holds business relations. The Evening Journal. On May 21st, 1888, the Eveyiing Journal was launched into the world of Wilmington journalism. Its advent created a ripple of interest among the news- paper readers of the city and it at once became popu- lar. At first its newspaper contemporaries in the city received the paper cordially, curious to see what the result would be of launching so hazardous an enter- prise in a city where so many new newspapers had lived 78 Delaware' s Ind^istries. a short and gasping life. But finding in it a lively rival that was likely to reduce their circulations, they as- sumed a different attitude and either ignored the Even- ing Journal or took advantage of every opportunity to misrepresent it. Some predicted an ephemeral exis- tence of six weeks, others longer, but the public received the paper cordially, finding that it filled a demand that had long existed. From its start, the Evening Journal has made a specialty of local news, and presenting it in attractive style, its circulation has steadily increased, being now equal to that of any, and surpassing some of its older competitors, and it has become the paper to which everyone turns when desiring full and reliable reports of all city events. In fact, it has become a by-word: "Ifyouseeit in the Journal \\.'s so.'' Not only has the Evening Journal shown marked accuracy, activ- ity and thoroughness in gathering all the news of the city, rarely missing an item of even passing import- ance, but it has to its credit numerous important ' 'beats' ' on the other papers of the city, notably the Cummins affair, the organization of the Union Palace Car Company, the J. Eldridge Pierce $50,000 defalca- tion and other matters of almost equal importance, full and exclusive reports of which the Evening Journal published . The Eveni7iir Journal is fearless, audacious and cannot be bought, bulldozed or deceived. It does not cringe to the richest or most powerful, nor will it do the poorest or most humble man an injustice. It has won its place by hard, constant, conscientious labor, speaking boldly against frauds, robbers and thieves. Delaware' s Indtistries. 79 and by always advocating the interests of the people against any man, or any class, no matter how rich or how powerful. The Evening Journal is the only Democratic daily newspaper in Delaware, and is the recognized medium of the Democratic party of the city and state. The Eveniyig Journal s correspondence from the various towns of the state, has left little to be desired in covering that field, and the admirable service of the American Press As;-ociation, of which the Evening Jou7~nal has the exclusive franchise, ensures to its read- ers a prompt and efficient general telegraphic news service. In conclusion, one of the best evidences of the prosperity and popularity of the Evetiing Journal is the fact that it has been almost wholly supported by home patronage, as its well-fitted columns of local ad- vertising: will testifv. S. Gordon, Restaurant, 116 Market Street. For the accommodation of the public, Mr. S. Gor- don opened last fall one of the best restaurants in this section of the city. He is a man of vast experience in this line, having formerly had a place of this character in Philadelphia. The esta])lishment here is very large and capacious, with seating room for about fifty persons. The cuisine is nearly perfect, being under the management of a chef whose capabilities are very well-known. Rooms are also for rent, for permanent or transient guests. They are furnished in the nicest manner. 8o Delaware s Industries. N. B. Danforth, Druggist, Second and Market Streets. There are but very few houses in this city that can date back as far as that now under the management of Mr. N. B. Danforth. This business was originally established in 1832, and after passing through the management of several persons came under the charge of Mr. Danforth some time since. The premises occupied consist of a store about 20x70 feet in dimensions, with a laboratory in the rear. A full line of fresh drugs, patent medicines, sponges, soap and fancy toilet articles. A fine soda fountain is also run, and the best cigars are kept. The assistance of nine capable men is constantly required. Mr. Danforth has been a resident of this city for many years and is well and favorably known to a large circle. D. Ross, Hats, Caps and Furnishing Goods, 210 Market Street. There are but few better known stores in the city than that of Mr. D Ross. This gentleman opened business thirteen years 'go at 116 Market street, and after remaining there for ten years the change was made to the present large and hand.some store. It is about 23x75 feet in dimensions and furnished in the neatest and be.st manner. A very large stock is carried, comprising men's hats, caps, men's furnishing goods, hosierv, notions, Delaware' s Industries. 8 1 underwear, and in fact all the many things that come under these lines. The trade done is wholesale as well as retail, giving constant employment to about ten people who are in every way conversant with their duties. Mr. Ross has been very active in public life as well as business, being a member of the Board of Edu- cation. He is Past Commander of the G. A. R., of the Department of Delaware, and an active member of the Grand Lodge of Odd Fellows and the Encampment, the Red Men and Masonic Fraternities. Frank Corbit, Merchant Tailor, 233 Market Street. There are but few men in this line of trade wha are gifted with as much taste as Mr. Corbit. This gentleman opened business here in 1878, and has since conducted it in the most successful manner, command- ing the better class of trade. The store is about 20 x 35 feet in dimensions, and- contains, at all times, a large and varied stock of the seasonable novelties for men's wear. Cloths from the looms of Europe and America, in all the latest designs and shades. Seven skilled workmen are employed in and out of the building, and no means are spared to further the interests of the patrons. Mr. Corbit has always been a resident of the city, and is identified with its best interests. He is an act- ive member of the Masons, Red Men, Odd Fellows and other fraternal societies, and well merits the suc- cess attending his efiForts. 82 Delaware" s hidustries. Wm. Huber. Dry Goods and Notions, 203 Market Street. Few houses in this section have the enviable re- putation borne by that of Mr. Wm. Huber. This genial and courteous gentleman opened business here nearh^ 30 years ago and has since conducted it in the most successful and business-like manner. The store is about 25x70 feet in dimensions and is literally filled with a large and varied stock, com- prising all kinds of dry goods, notions, hosiery, under- wear and a general line of fancy goods. Two capable assistants are employed. Mr. Huber' s wife also takes an active interest in the business. Mr. Huber has been an esteemed and well-known resident of Wilmington for the past thirty years. Cole & Co., Men's Furnishings, 202 Market Steeet. There is scarcely a more prominent store in the lower part of Market St. , than that of Messrs. Cole &Co. This business was originally started by the same firm about fifteen years ago, and success has rewarded its efforts to a very great extent. The store occupied is about 18 x 30 feet in dimen- sions, and is fitted up in the most attractive manner, one of the peculiar features being a circular window, that is one of the newest and best of its kind in the city. It is also fitted with electric lights. At all times here mav be found the choicest selec- Delaware' s Industries. 83 tion of the season's novelties in scarfs, shirts, collars, underwear, hosierj^ — and, in fact, everything in this line. Mr. Cole has had many years' experience in this line, and is fully alive to the wants of the trade. He is an active and prominent member of the Odd Fel- lows. Cleaver & Hearn Manufacturing Co., House Furnishing, 221 Market. There are but few establishments in the city that have a more enviable reputation than that of the Cleaver & Hearn Manufacturing Co. This business was originally opened by the Hallis & Hearn Manufacturing Co. , the present firm succeed- ing last year. The building occupied is large and commodious ; the dimensions are about 30 x 120. The first floor is used as a show-room ; while, on the upper floors, are located the work-rooms. A large stock of house-furnishing goods is kept. Special attention is paid to refrigerators and ice cool- ers, all the best and most popular makes being kept. Heaters, ranges and tin ware of all kinds constitute the largest part of the business. From fifteen to twenty-five skilled workmen are constantly employed. The members of the firm are Messrs. J. H. Cleaver and J. N. Hearn ; both gentle- men are widely known, socially and commercially. 84 Delaware' s Industries. Kate Dougherty, Notions and Trimmings, 417 Market Street. Among the most prominent and most favorably known stores in this section of the city may be men- tioned that of Mrs. Kate Dougherty. This lady has been in business here for the past eight years and since the inception she has had every assurance of success. The store occupied is about 25x48 feet in dimen- sions and fitted in the neatest and most appropriate manner. A very large stock is carried, including notions, trimmings, ribbons, corsets, fancy goods, embroidery materials, fine white goods, Hamburg edging, flannels, laces and everything pertaining to this class of goods. Baby's furnishing goods a specialty. Fine embroidery work is done to order. The assistance of five skilled young ladies is con- stantly required and no means spared to further the interests of the patrons. Delaware Printing Co., Printers, Bookbinders AND Stationers, 224 Market St. Certainly, the invention of movable type by Gut- tenburg has done more to civilize the world than any- thing else the product of man's brain has accom- plished. It has now come into such general use that it would be impossible to dispense with its efficacy. Among the well-known printing houses of this city, none stand higher in rank than the Delaware Printing Company. A. B. JONKS. Delaware s bidustries. 85 This concern was originally started nearly a quarter of a century ago, and, after passing through various hands, came under the present management, now two 3^ears ago. The premises occupied are about 27 X 100 feet in dimensions, the first floor being used as a show-room, while the upper ones are various work - rooms. Four large cylinder and eight job presses are kept going almost constantly, giving employment to about 35 skilled workmen. The stock of books and stationery carried is very large and complete. The management of affairs is divested upon Mr. Edward F. James as President ; this gentleman has been connected with the house since its foundation. Harry Folwell is Secretary and Treasurer. Both gentlemen are too well known to require any comment at our hands, and, as business men, hold a reputable position in the commercial world. A. B. Jones, Wall Papers and Decorations, 422 Market Street. In the past few years there has been no trade in which more improvement has been made than in this line of business. Mr. A. B. Jones has not been slow in keeping up to the front, he having opened business here in 1872, has become fully established and very well-known. The premises occupied consist of a fine store about 20x36 feet in dimensions. All kinds of decorations are done, from the finest to the cheapest grades of wall paper. Window shades 86 Delaware" s Industries. are also handled extensively. Employment is given to from six to twelve skilled workmen, according to the season. Mr Jones has been a life-long resident of the city. He has been prominent in public as well as private life. He is an active member of the A. O. U. W., and various other societies, commanding the confidence of those with whom he forms business relations. William Speakman, Dry Goods and Notions, 919 Market Street. There is perhaps not a better or more favorably known store in this vicinity than that of Mr. William Speakman. This business was originally established by Mrs. Speakman, the mother of the present prop- rietor, some twent}' years ago, and she gave up busi- ness cares to her son about four years ago. This gentleman has, by consistent management and a fine line of goods, succeeded to a steady trade. The store is about 20x35 feet in dimensions. The stock carried is large and varied, comprising all kinds of 6sy goods, dress fabrics, ginghams, muslins, cheviots, etc. , as well as notions, hosiery, underwear, and small wares of every description. A young lady is employed in the store to facili- tate the work of the establishment. Mr. Speakman was born in the cit3' and has always taken an interest in matters regarding the com- munity's welfare. Delaware' s hidustries. 87 Samuel Hawkins, Cigar Manufacturer and Dealer, S. E. Cor. jth and Market Sts. There is scarcely an older or better established house of this character in the city than that of Mr. Samuel Hawkins. This gentleman having established business here about sixteen years ago. The store is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, with the manufacturing department upstairs giving employ- ment to about fifteen skilled work people. The factory is No. 1233. The stock carried is very large, comprising many brands of the most popular note, among them the "Henry Clay," "The Diplomat" and "La Rosa Cas- tilla." Smoking and chewing tobacco, etc., are also handled. Mr. Hawkins has been a life-long resident of the city and has alwaj's been prominent in all moves made toward the city's improvement. He is an active mem- ber of the A. O. U. W. T. B. Smith, Candy Manufacturer and Dealer, 617 Market Street. Perhaps there is not a better or more favorably known establishment of this kind in this section of the city than that of Mr. T. B. Smith. This gentleman has been in business for the past four years, having been former!}- at 8th and Market streets for two years and here for the same length of time. The building is about 20x100 feet in dimensions, with a handsome store about 35 feet deep; in the rear 88 Delaware' s Industries. are the various manufacturing rooms furnished with the most appropriate tools. Nearly all the candy sold is made on the premises of the best materials and free from all deleterious matter. Several capable people are employed. Mr. Smith has been a resident of the city for some years, he is very active and well-known in every sense of the word, he is now Court Crier of the county. f. w. woolworth & co., 5 and id cent store, 416 Market Street. There are throughout the country many estab- lishments where nothing but 5 and 10 cent articles are sold. By all odds the largest and best known in this city is that of Messrs. F. W. Woolworth & Co. This business was established here nearly two years ago. The premises occupied consist of a very large store, about 20x100 feet in dimensions. The stock carried is something simply stupendous, comprising almost everything that can possibly be imagined as selling for less than 10 cents. Five capable assistants are given constant employment. The members of the firm are Messrs. F. W. Wool- worth and B. W. Gage. The former gentleman has entire control of the Woolworth syndicate, comprising 13 stores, the headquarters of which are in New York city, the Wilmington store being managed by Mr. Gage, who by his energ}^ push and tact has built up here in a short time, what others would have taken 3^ears to do. Delaware s hidustries. 89 Samuel R. Thorp, Merchant Tailor, 823 Market Street. The tailoring trade in this section of the city is well represented in the personage of Mr. S. R. Thorp. This gentleman opened business some three years ago, in a much smaller store, and finding that these more desirable quarters could be obtained, the\' were taken about three months ago. The store now occupied is about 20x35 feet in dimensions. Here ma v be found one of the choicest 9© Delaware' s Industries. selections of imported and domestic fabrics, for men's wear, and all the latest patterns in cloth. Seven skilled work people are constantly employed and no lack of attention spared to further the interests of the patron. Mr. Thorp is a Philadelphian by birth, but has become a well-known resident here, and is a young man of artistic taste in his line of pursuit. M. Meyers, Clothing and Furnishing Goods, 406 Market Street. There is certainly not a better or more favorably known house of this character in this vicinity than that of Mr. M. Meyers. This gentleman established business as long ago as 1866 at 30S Market street. He then moved to Fifth and Market streets, and on the 25th of March the present store was taken. It is about 20x100 feet in dimension, two floors being used. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising full lines of men's and boys' ready made clothing and fur- nishing goods, etc. A large custom department is also in operation, where all the novelties of the season may be found. Employment is given to five skilled operators in and out of the building. Mr. Meyers has been a resident of this city since 1866. He is prominently identified with the A. O. U. W.; the Knights of the Golden Eagle and the Masonic fraternities. He is a member of the various German societies as well, and respected by all who know him. Delawa re' s Industries . g i Wm. Alsentzer, Hatter and Furrier, 414 Mar- ket Street. There is scarcely a more prominent house in this line than Mr. William Alsentzer. This gentleman opened business here originally about 18 years ago, in a much smaller way, and about seven years ago the present quarters were taken. The store is about 20x 35 feet in dimensions, with the various manufacturing rooms in the rear. Hats and caps of the newest and most fashionable shapes are carried. During the season the principal trade is in furs, special styles being made to order. The services of four skilled operators are con- stantly required. Mr. Alsentzer, like many of our most successful merchants, is of German descent. He is, however, very well-known throughout the city. Saville's Candy Kitchen, 809 Market Street. In the past few months few stores have acquired the popularity that Saville's Candy Kitchen has ob- tained. This business was started but five months ago by Mr. Saville, and the business has given, so far, every evidence of a successful career. The store is about 20x35 f^^t in dimensions, newly fitted in the best and most .substantial manner. All kinds of candy are made and sold, the work rooms being located in the rear. Mr. Saville is an Englishman by birth, but has become an American by conviction. 92 Delaware' s Industries. J. P. DouGHTEN & Co., Men's Furnishings, 410 Market Street. By all odds the finest and most favorably known house engaged in this line, in this city, is that of Messrs. J. P. Doughten & Co. The establishment of this house dates back as far as 1865. The premises occupied consist of two large floors, each about 20x117 f^^t in dimensions. The first floor is used as a show room and is furnished in the most beautiful manner. The second floor is used as a stock room and manufacturing department. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising all the latest New York and London novelties. A specialty of the house is white linen shirts; these are made in the best manner. The firm are the selling agents here for Dr. Jaeger's sanitary woolen goods. Mr. Doughten has been a life-long resident of the State. He is well-known here as in New York and Philadelphia, where his stock is purchased. He is a director of the Farmers' Bank of this city. W. G. Farra, Confectionery, 817 Market Street. There are but few houses in this section that have maintained the prominence that that of Mr. W. G. Farra has. The business was originated by George Robbins, who was succeeded by Messrs. Farra & Lewis, and these, in turn, by Mr. W. G. Farra, about two years ago. The store is about 20 x 60 feet in dimensions, fitted in the nicest manner, with a large ice-creaih Delaware" s Industries. 93 parlor in the rear, as well as up-stairs, superbly fitted out with hangings and other attractions. These parlors have a capacity of seating 125 persons up- stairs, and 40 down stairs. All kinds of confectionery, made by Whitman of Philadelphia and Tenney of New York, creams, bon- bons, chocolates, marshmallows, and the celebrated "Solferina" taffy, made on the premises, fancy cakes and ice cream are sold. During the season, upwards of 1,200 quarts of this delicious refreshment are made weekly. Parties, weddings, receptions, balls, etc., are served in the best manner, this being a special feature of the establishment. To successfull}"^ prose- cute this business, eight capable assistants are con- stantly employed, and every facility is at hand for the prompt fulfillment of orders. The subject of this article has been a life-long resident of Wilmington. He is an active member of the Masons and Odd Fellows. M. F. Hayden, Florist, 702 Market Street. There are but few as well known houses of this character in the city as that of Mr. M. F. Hayden. This business was established about six years ago. by the present owner. The store is about 20 x 30 feet in dimensions. Seven large greenhouses are in operation, each of which is 124 feet long by 20 feet wide ; they are located on the Newport Pike, about a mile from the city. 94 Delaware's Industries. Delaware' s Industries. 95 Cut flowers of all kinds can be obtained here always. Special attention is paid to gardening, lawns being taken care of in the best manner. Eight capable assistants are constantly employed. The entire plant is the largest in the State, and con- tains about 35,000 square feet of glass. Mr. Hayden is a native of Chester county. Pa., but has been a well known and highly esteemed resi- dent of the city for some time past. W. T. Mearns, Hats and Caps, 703 Market Street. But few establishments have acquired the popu- larity in so short a time as that of Mr. W. T. Mearns. This gentleman opened business here in April, 1890, and, since the inception, the success of the venture has been assured, through consistent business methods and a fine line of goods. Part of the store is used by Mr. Ftrris Giles ; it is fitted in an elaborate and yet neat manner, the dimensions of which are about 20 x 50 feet. • Hats and caps of all kinds are sold, all the newest shapes being constantly added to tlie alread\^ extensive line of styles. Mr. Mearns has lived in the city for the past fifteen years, and had been employed by Messrs. P. J. Walsh & Co. until the opening of this establishment. As a business man, he has won the confidence and esteem of a select trade. 96 Delaware' s Industries. Miss A. Jefferson, White Goods, Laces, Em- broideries, Notions, Etc., 713 Market Street. In this line of business, there are but few better or more favorably known stores than that of Miss A. JefiFerson. This lady originally established business in 1866, and five years ago the present store was taken. It is newl)- fitted up, and one of the neatest stores in this section ; the dimensions are about 20 x 50, and it is fitted out with all the appliances known to the trade. All kinds of white goods, laces, embroideries, notions and fancy wares are kept, in cotton and woolen materials, and everything in this line of goods may here be found. Several assistants are employed to prosecute the business, and no means spared to further the interests of patrons. Miss Jefierson is a native of this State, and has become very well knowti, in a social as well as a com- mercial way, commanding the esteem of all with whom she holds business relations. Harry E. Bucher, Photographer, 720 Market Street. There is perhaps not a better or more favorably known photographer in the city than Mr. H. E. Bucher. This genial and courteous gentleman estab- lished business here about three years ago, and has since increased it to such an extent that the business is now second to none in the citv. Delaware' s hidiistries. 97 The parlor is handsomely furnished, with the operating rooms immediately in the rear ; they are 22 X 50 feet in dimensions, with the best light, and fitted with all the most approved appliances. Four skilled assistants are employed. Photogra- phy in all its branches is done. Mr. Bucher is a native of the city, and favorably known in every sense of the word. B. F. McDaniel & Co., Bicycles, 1009 Market St. In the last decade but few things have come into more popular use than the bicycle. The trade in this line is well represented in Messrs. B. F. McDaniel & Co. These gentlemen opened business here in Decem- ber, 1889, and have since met with the most flattering success. The .store is about 20x60 feet in dimensions, with a repairing department in the rear. Ever>'thing in the wheel line may be obtained here. The}- are also the 98 Delaware s Industries. sole agents for all sporting goods manufactured by- Messrs. A. G. Spaulding & Bros., of Philadelphia; also Columbia, Eagle's and Swift's cycles. The merit of these machines are too well-known to require com- ment here. It may here be mentioned that this is the only^ establishment of this kind in the state. The members of the firm are Messrs. B. F. Mc- Daniel and S. W. Merrihew. Both gentlemen are natives of the state. Mr. Merrihew is Chief Consul of this State for the L,. A. W. ; he is also captain of the wheel club in Miis city. I^ICHTENSTEIN & HART, DrY GoODS, CLOAKS AND Upholstery, 228 Market Street. Certainly there is not a more beautiful store in the city than that of Messrs. Lichtenstein & Hart. This firm was organized about three years ago. The build- ing now occupied is one of the most commodious, being about 25x120 feet in dimension on each of the three floors. The first floor is used as a show room for dry goods, hosiery, trimmings, notions and white goods. On the second floor, upholstery goods, lace curtains, •draperies and everything pertaining to that branch, also, a full line of ladies', misses' and children's cloaks; an connection with their cloak department, they have an order department, where garments are made in any style desired, and in this department they are leaders in this city, and enjoy the most perfect facilities for order work. The third floor is their manufacturing department. Delaware' s Industries. 99 The trade done by this house is of the highest class, their establishment being patronized by the elite of the city. Sixteen capable salespeople are given constant employment, and every facility is at hand to supply the most urgent demand of a select trade. Another important feature of the house is interior decorations, in the way of hangings, drapery, uphol- stery, etc. Public and private edifices are completely furnished with lace curtains, among which may be named: Irish point, Swiss tambour, brussels, Cluny ottoman, Nottingham, etc. In heavy draperies, velour tapestry plush, chenille and Turcoman, and in the way of upholstery goods are brocatelles, satin goods, silk tapestries, petit points; these goods are furnished in silk, wool and cotton material and without a doubt the above line is the finest in the state. The management devolves personally upon the members of the firm. Both gentlemen are of long experience in this line, commanding the esteem of all with whom thej'' form business relations. As merchants they hold a leading position in commercial circles, as reliable dealers, and have ample capital and consecu- tive business abilit}'- to prosecute such an extensive trade. Duncan Bros., Hardware, Cutlery, Tools and Electrical Supplies, 214 Market St. There is scarcely a more prominent house in town devoting its energies to hardware in general than Messrs. Duncan Bros. This business was originallj^ started in 1834, by the father and uncle of the present loo Delaware' s Industries. proprietors. After passing through various changes, it came under the entire management of the present firm, about fifteen years ago. The premises occupied are very large, about 30 X 100 feet in dimensions. It is fitted in the most commodious manner. The stock carried is very large, comprising nearly all the multitudinous articles that come under the head of small hardware, tools, cutlery, etc. Electrical supplies are made a specialty of, all the newest designs being obtained here. The assistance of four skilled workmen is required. The members of firm are Messrs. R. B. Duncan and H. B. Duncan, both gentleman having spent many years in this line, and are fully conversant with all its many details Avars & Son, Jewelry, 309 Market Street. Prominently identified with the jewelry trade in this section may be mentioned the house of Messrs. Ayars & Son. This business was originally estab- lished about eighteen years ago at 305 Market street, and three years ago those quarters were given up and the ones now in use taken. Delaware' s hidzistries. loi The store is about 20x40 feet in dimensions and furnished in the neatest and best st3de. The stock carried is large and varied, comprising all kinds of the best makes of watches, clocks, silverware and jewelry. Special orders are attended to in the most prompt manner. Particular attention is paid to optical goods of all kinds, physicians' prescriptions being carefully filled. Three skilled assistants are constantly em- ployed. The members of the firm are Mrs. Ayars and Mr. J. H. Ayars. Both of the partners are residents of the city and are widely known. Mr Ayars, Sr. , was a mem- ber of Council from this ward, but has now retired. E. A. Humphrey & Bro., Hatters and Furnish- ers, 302 Market Street. It would be interesting to trace the successive steps of improvement in the method of protecting the head used by different nations, from the Turkish"fez" to the elegant hats worn by the present generation. One of the best known and most reliable houses en- gaged in the sale of hats and men's furnishing goods, here in our midst, is the above mentioned, located at 302 Market street. Humphrey Bros, are natives of New York state, who came to Wilmington twenty (20) years ago and brought with them that business faculty called "push" so well known as a characteristic of the metropolis of the great Empire State, and have always been noted for the energy and enterprise in buying and selling I02 Delaware' s Industries. goods in which they deal, and are j ustly termed the "leaders of the styles." An unusually fine assortment of hats and men's furnishing goods may be found here at all times. As dealers in ladies' and misses' fine fur goods, Humphrey Bros, have no equal in this section of the country, their store having become a fashionable resort, not only for the elite of our own city, but for miles around they visit this large emporium, to witness the exhibition of the largest and richest variety to be found in this part of the state. This house is noted for its moderate prices and courteous and liberal dealings with customers, and has by t*he promptness and good faith shown to all, built up an immense business, (being strictly one price in every sense of the word), and for this reason and the advantages which are offered, we have deemed it a duty to call Humphrey Bros.' establishment into prom- inence, although it needs it not, as the tongue of good report has long since brought it into greater popular- ity than we can do in a cursory sketch. H. R. Br[nghurst, Druggist, 317 Market Street. Perhaps there is no house in the cit}^ that has been in existence any longer than that now conducted by Mr. H. R. Bringhurst. This business was originated nearly a century ago (1793), and since that time has always been in the Bringhurst family. The present proprietor took the management nearly fifty years ago, and has ever sus- Prof Weil. Delaware' s Industries. 103 tained a reputable position in trade circles. The store is about 25x50 feet in dimensions. A full line of fresh drugs, perfumery, sachets and fancy toilet articles, herbs, teas, roots, barks, etc., can be obtained here, as well as a line of physicians' appli- ances and everything in the line of a first-class stock of drugs. Special attention is paid to the filling of prescrip- tions. This department is under the personal super- vision of the proprietor himself, thus ensuring perfect accuracj' and reliability in this critical profession. Three capable assistants are employed in the prosecution of the business and every means noted to further the in- terests of the patron. Mr. Bringhurst is a native of Wilmington and his ancestry can be traced back for many years with the annals of the city's best interests. Since establishing here he has been successful in the promulgation of the drug trade, and sustains the family connection with trade and social circles of the community. Prof. Weil, Scientific Optician, 305 Market Street. It seems that every year there are more and more 5^oung people who require glasses; of late years there have been many eminent scholars who have devoted themselves to the study of the eye. Among the most prominent may be mentioned Prof. Weil. This gentleman received his education in this line from the most renowned schools in Germany and France. I04 Delaware s Indiistriis. He opened the establishment in this cit}-- in Sep- tember i88g, and has since then proved himself to be one of the most skillful opticians. He is the maker of the justly celebrated O E. P. lense, which is the hard- est, clearest and whitest lense ever invented. He has many agents throughout the country, all skillful opticians, who will call on anj'body who de- sires them to, and examine the eyes free of charge. Prof. Weil has become very well known in this section b}' his many wonderful cures in this direction. He has many voluntary testimonials from prominent people here and throughout the country. He is an active member of Grant Post No. 13, G. A. R., having fought in the late war. Mark Phdrick, Cigars, S29 Market Street. There are but few places in this section of the city where as good a line of cigars and manufactured tobac- co may be found as at the establishment of the gentle- man whose name heads this article. Opening busi- ness here about a year ago, Mr. Pedrick has succeeded by consecutive business and a fine line of goods to a fine trade. The store occupied is about 18x30 feet in dimen- sions, attractively arranged, with a reception room in the rear. At all times may be obtained a choice selec- tion of imported and domestic cigars, whose quality and flavor are unexcelled. Smoking and chewing tobaccos of many brands, snuff, pipes, cigarettes and a general line of smokers' articles are carried in stock. Delaware s hidustries . 105 Mr. Pedrick has always been a resident of the cit}', he is highly esteemed in trade as well as social circles throughout the city, and the patronage be- stowed upon his efforts to supply a select trade, is well merited. . H. A. Bradfield, Musical Instruments and Sta- tionery, 832 Market Street. Among the many new enterprises in this city that have opened since the first of the year, few give prom- ise of more success than that of Mr. H. A. Bradfield. This gentleman opened here the first of April. The store is about 20x50 feet in dimensions. Pianos, organs, musical instruments, books and stationery are sold. Mr. Bradfield is the agent here for some of the most popular instruments, among them, the Decker Bros, pianos, Haines Bros, pianos and Mason and Hamlin pianos and organs. Mr. Bradfield is a thoroughly experienced man in this line, having had a store of the same character in Bristol, Pa., which business he gave up on coming here. He is an active and prominent member of the Odd Fellows and the Royal Arcanum. Mrs. M. a. Taggart, Trimmings and Stationery, 801 Market Street. Few, if any, stores in this section have obtained any better reputation than that of Mrs. M. A. Taggart. This lady established business here about fifteen years io6 Delaware" s Industries. ago, and has since met with success in this depart- ment of business. The store is about 20x35 f^^t in dimensions, attrac- tively arranged, and carries a fine stock of stationery, blank and copy books, pens, inks, paper of every variety, notions and trimmings, toys, books, games, etc. Two capable and efficient salesladies are employed at all times, and no means spared to further the inter- ests of the patron. Mrs. Taggart has been a resident of the city for many years; she is well known in a social as well as business way, in this city. Miss E. E. Strang, UmbreIvI.as, etc., 812 Market Street. Among the best known and most prominent estab- lishments in this section of the city, may be mentioned the store of Miss E. E Strang. This estimable lady opened business about eleven years ago at Fourth and Market streets, and as these desirable quarters were to be obtained, the change was made in March 1890. The store is about 20x35 feet in dimensions. Umbrellas and parasols of all kinds are kept, special orders being given immediate attention ; em- broidering materials are also handled extensively. Several assistants are employed, and every facility is at hand for the prompt and efficient execution of orders. Miss Strang is a native of New Jersey, but has become very well known during her residence here, commanding the esteem of all with whom she forms business or social relations. Delaware" s Industries. 107 D. B. Jones, Manufacturer of Fine Cafes and Confectionery, 841 Market Street. Among- the representative houses in this city, may- be mentioned that of Mr. D. B. Jones, the caterer. This gentleman opened business about seven years ago, in a much smaller way. About two and one-half years ago the present large and commodious quarters were taken. The premises now occupied, are about 25x117 feet in dimensions, there being now about $25,000 invested in the plant. A parlor in the rear of the store has a seating capacity of twenty-five persons, and a parlor upstairs, seating some ninety persons. Only the finest grades of confectionery, bon-bons, creams, chocolates, marsh-mallows, etc., as well as ice cream, and none but fancy cakes, jumbles, kisses, and delicate pastry are made. These goods are sent to patrons all over this and adjoining territory, and an immense trade is transacted in catering to weddings, balls and parties, receptions, dinners, etc., at the short- est notice and in the best manner. Every facility be- ing at hand to prosecute a fine trade, Mr. Jones being^ a caterer of no small ability. To successfully conduct this business, six skilled men are employed, the highest salary being paid them so as to ensure efficient assistance in the manufactur- ing department; four salespeople are required in the store. Mr. Jones has been a resident of the city for many years, he has always been active in promoting its best interests. As a representative business man, he has io8 Delaware' s Industries. no superior in this line, and caters to the elite of the city in all the delicacies of the season, commanding the confidence of the community for his business qualifications and commercial worth. The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, 815 Market Street. In this age of adulteration, but few articles have escaped. Among the places that first-class articles may be obtained may be mentioned that of the Great At- lantic & Pacific Tea Company's establishment. This business was opened here about eight years ago. A store about 20x60 feet is occupied; it is fitted in the most beautiful and commodious manner. All kinds of teas, coffes, chocolates and sugars are sold, beautiful pieces of china and glass ware being given away with ever}^ purchase. Ten men and two teams are kept busy in the store. The manager is Mr. H. K. Clower; this gentleman is a thoroughly practical man in this line; he is very highly spoken of in trade and social circles as a gentleman of integrity and executive ability, winning the respect of all with whom he deals. S. Speakman, Furniture, Carpets, etc., 820 and 822 Market Street. There is possibly not a better known house in this section than that of Mr. S. Speakman. This gentleman established business here about three years Delaware' s hidustries. 109 ago and since the opening has given every evidence of success. The store is a double front, 40x60 feet, covering- about 5,000 square feet of space, and is literally filled with a large and varied stock, consisting of all kinds of furniture, for parlor, kitchen, dining-room and office, carpets, rugs and house furnishing goods of every description. The trade done is large, lying all over the States of Delaware and Maryland. The first year's trade was $18,000, and it now runs to $50,000. Six capable assiscants are employed and a team is kept busy, and no means spared to further the interests of the patrons. Mr. Speakman is a native of Pennsylvania. He was formerly the general manager of the Singer Manu- facturing Co., for this State, but gave it up upon entering this field. He has been a member of City Council, and takes an active and prominent interest in the successful management of the city government^ commanding the esteem of trade as well as social circles. MoYSTiN & Brown, Fine Decorations and Wai^l. Paper, 831 Market Street. There are but few lines of trade that have reached such perfection in the past few years as this one. Among the best known houses in this line may be mentioned that of Messrs. Moystin & Brown. These gentlemen opened business here on April i3tli, 1889. Mr. Moy- stin had been in business prior to this, about five years no Delaware's Industries. t in Wilmington, and commanded the finest trade here. The store is an example of the beautiful work that can be done in this line. Fitted up in the most attract- ive manner, it carries a comprehensive line of wall deco- rations, ranging from the most inexpensive to the richest designs in heavy relief work in leathers, press parlor papers and borders, flock and flitter hangings with border, hand embroidered hangings with border, raised felts, varnished tiles and borders, clouded flock and flitters, hand ingrain hangings and borders, fine ceiling decorations, damascenes and velours. Also the lincrusta walton, with its many wonderful designs in relief, and ceilings frescoed and papered from designs furnished by this house. The dimensions of the store are about 25x40 feet, and every facility is at hand for the prompt execution of orders of any magnitude. Lusterines, cretonnes and illuminated paper and stuff are still growing in popularity, and when used as a frieze above .stencil papers, make beautiful bed-room walls. A specialty is made in fine window shades. To successfully prosecute the business from five to ten skillful workmen are employed. The individual members of the firm are W. H. Moystin and William O. Brown. Both gentlemen are well-known and highly esteemed residents of the city. Both are practical men, qualified by natural ability and experience. Mr. Moystin, as well as Mr, Brown have both been at the head of Ball & Co., now of New York, formerly of Wilmington, doing the finest trade. Delaware's hidtcstries . iii This house does the work of the elite of the city of Wil- mington; the palaces, mansions, public halls and the finest residences of the State show marks of their ability. At this artistic pursuit Mr. Boystin has spent over a quarter of a century as a practical man in this business, and Mr. Brown some fifteen years, and have made a perfect study of this art, doing frescoing, making combinations of colors and blendings almost perfect in their splendor. Under the personal supervision of the proprietors themselves, all work emanating from these premises will ensure satisfaction. B. Gluckman, Manufacturer of Cuban Hand Made Cigars, 913 Market Street. But few establishments of so short a lifetime have acquired the popularity that of Mr. B. Gluckman has. This genial and courteous gentleman established busi- ness here on April 15th and trade has been on the rush since the opening. The store is newly fitted up in the best manner. The dimensions are 20x50 feet, with the workrooms in the rear. Cuban hand-made cigars are always to be found here in a large variety. A full line of tobacco and smokers' articles is also carried . The factory number is 1008, and four skilled workmen are employed in the manufacturing depart- ment. The capacity of the factory is about 18,000 cigars monthly. These goods are all hand-made and thus insure satisfaction. 112 Delaware s Industries. Mr. Gluckman is a German by birth, but has been a prominent and well-known resident of this section for some time. Philip H. Wijod, Druggist, 921 Market St. Among the many additions to trade in this section none are more prominent than the new store just opened by xVIr. P. H. Wood. This gentleman estab- lished himself at Tenth and Market streets in 1876, and, seeing these more desirable quarters, moved here in March, 1890. The store now occupied is about 25x40 feet in dimensions, newly fitted, and, in fact, one of the hand- somest stores of this kind in the city. Everything in the drug line is handled, and none but the purest and freshest articles are kept. Drugs, perfumery, soap and fancy toilet articles of all kinds are constantly carried in stock ; also, physicians' and surgeons' appliances, patent and pro- prietary remedies, herbs, teas, barks, etc. Special at- tention is paid to filling physicians' prescriptions. This department is under the personal supervision of the proprietor himself, an accurate dispensing chemist, thus assuring the best satisfaction. Several efl&cient assistants are employed to facilitate the affairs of the establishment. Mr. Wood is a native of New Jersey, but has been prominent here for many years. He is an active mem- ber of the Masonic Fraternity and the Odd Fellows, and well merits the esteem in which he is held. Delaware's Indtistj'ies. 113: Fell & Peoples, Hardware and Paints, 507 Mar- ket Street. There are but few houses in the city that have maintained as savorj^ a reputation as that of Messrs. ..^-'rffiisifir' Fell & Peoples. The business was started more than- forty years ago, and after various changes came under the management of the present jQrm about seven 5'ears- ago. The store is about 25x50 feet in dimensions. A heavy stock is carried, comprising building and household hardware, paints, oils, glass, etc. Hou.se furnishing goods of all sorts are also handled. A specialty is made of the Atlas paints. Several assistants are constantly employed in the- store. The members of the firm are S. L. Fell and A. D. Peoples. Both gentlemen are natives of this state and stand high in the rank of prominent business men of the citv. John Wise, Lumber Dealer, Twelfth and Mar^ KET Streets. It is an admitted fact that the lumbering interests- of the United States form a very important item in the general aggregate of our country-' s business. The rapid growth and development of the lumber business has been brought about by the agency and enterprise ST4 .'Delaware' s Industries. -of such houses as that of John Wise, the well-known lumber merchant of the above address. This house for upwards of thirty years has been a factor in supplying the trade in this city and through- /out this section with the best varieties of eastern, west- ern and southern lumber, and from its first inception, now over a quarter of a century ago, it has proven itself a worthy enterprise in this line of commerce. The Wilmington and Brandywine lumber yard is located eligibly along the Brandywine Creek, and the best facilities are enjoyed for the importation and ship- ment of lumber hy water as well as by rail. The yard is stocked with all kinds of builders' lumber, white and yellow pine, hemlock, poplar, spruce, etc., as well as shingles, plastering lath, pickets and everything for building. Important connection and perfected facilities enable this house to fill orders of any description. The policy upon which the business is conducted is characterized by liberality and a careful fostering of the interests of all patrons, and transactions once begun are both profitable and agreeable to the consumer. In 1880 Mr. Wise took possession of his present pre- mises, the dimensions of which are 150x200 feet in area. Kvery means is at hand for the prompt fulfillment of all orders. Born in Wilmington, Mr. John Wise is an ex- perienced lumber merchant of repute and standing in commercial circles, and well merits the success attend- ing his efforts. Delaware's Industries. 115 RiGNEY & Co., Notions and Trimmings, 619 Mar- ket Street. Among the best and most favorably known stores in this section of the city may be mentioned that of Misses Rigney & Co. This business was started on its career about six years ago by the present proprietors. The store is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, and is furnished in the neatest manner. The stock carried is large and comprises a choice selection of notions, trimmings, white goods, hosiery, ribbons and fancy goods. Several capable persons are constantly'- em- ployed. The members of the firm are the Misses A. E and K. Rigne5^ both ladies of vast and varied experience in this line. They have been life-long residents of the city, and are well-known, socially as well as com- mercially. Harry K. Thomas & Co., Jewelers, 509 Market Street. Among the business enterprises opened here in the past year few have been more successful than Messrs. Harry E. Thomas & Co. This concern started last November. The store located at 509 Market street is used. A large and complete stock of diamonds, watches, jewelry, silverware, clocks and optical goods is carried. Repairing is made a specialty of. Gold and silver are also bought. Mr. Thomas is a native of Reading, Pa. , but has become one of our active and enterprising young busi- ii6 Delaware's Industries. ness men. He is a prominent member of the American Fraternal Circle and of the Young Men's Christian Association. Paul Bright, Union Pacific Tea Co., 517 Market- Street. There are but few stores in this section of the city that are better known to the average housewife than the Union Pacific Tea Co. This business was origin- ally opened as a branch of the main house in New York, but was afterwards purchased by Mr. Paul Bright, who still has it under his control. The store is about 25x80 feet in dimensions. The stock carried is large, comprising teas, coffees, spices, sugars, etc. The trade done is among the largest of this kind in the city. Four assistants and two teams are con- stantly kept busy. Mr. Bright has always been a resident of this city. He is well and favorably known in a social, political and commercial sense. De Soto Bros., Manufacturers and Dealers in Imported Cigars and Tobacco, 715 Market Street. Perhaps there is nothing so soothing to the temper of an angry man as the fumes of a good cigar, and the greatest boor would become as gentle as a lamb after having smoked a weed from the well-known house of De Soto Bros. These gentlemen opened business here about eleven 3-ears ago, and since the inception have Delaware'' s hidustries. 117 been favored with the greatest success. The store is about 20x35 fsst in dimensions, fitted in the neatest and best manner. Cigars, tobacco, cigarettes and smokers' articles are carried in great variety. The members of the firm are Messrs. Ralph and Antonio De Soto. Both gentlemen are natives of Cienfuegos, Cuba, but have become Americanized bj^ their long residence in this country. A large wholesale business is done, and western trade of considerable proportions is being handled. Some four j^ears since the factor^^ which employs over thirty hands, was removed from here to Philadel- phia, in consequence of the difficulty of obtaining skilled labor, and its location there is 37 and 39 Straw- berry street. J. Ragey, Dyeing and Scouring, 722 Market St. There are, perhaps, but few better known estab- lishments in this section of the cit}'- than that of Mr. J. Ragey. The business was established over a quarter of a century ago by Mr. lyardet, who has since died, and the present proprietor took the management about fifteen years ago. The store is about 20x30 feet in dimensions, with the work-rooms in the rear. French steam dyeing and scouring is done in the best manner, the finest dresses being cleaned without the slightest possible danger to the fabric. Three skilled workmen are employed in the business. Mr. Ragey is well-known and highly esteemed in the city. His son, Charles, is actively identified in the business. ii8 Delaware' s Industries. J. T. Wilson, Dry Goods and Notions, 413 Mar- ket Street. Among the most prominent and well known establishments in this section of this city may be men- tioned that of Mr. J. T. Wilson. This genial and courteous gentleman opened business here about sixteen years ago, and since the inception has met with the most flattering success. The store occupied is about 16 x 50 feet in dimen- sions, fitted in the neatest and best manner. It is literally filled with a large and varied stock of dress goods, hosiery, ribbons, underwear, and in fact every- thing that could possibl}^ be interpreted as coming under this head. Two capable assistants are constantly emploj^ed. Mr. Wilson is a well and favorably known resi- dent of the cit}', taking an active part in all projects that go toward its betterment. Adams & Bro., General Store, 504 Market Street. There are few stores in the city that are better or more favorablj^ known than that of Messrs Adams & Bro. This concern was originally started in 1866, and has since been under the same management. The store is about 20 feet front, with a depth of 120 feet, and is literally filled with an endless variety of dry goods, notions, toys, stationery, and in fact almost everything in the novelty line. Nine capable assistants are employed. Delaware's hidustries. ii9» The members of the firm are Messrs. J. K. and W. B. Adams. Both gentlemen are natives of Penn- S3'lvania, but have been residents here for man\^ years. Mr. J. K. Adams was a member of Council for eight years, and is an active member of the A. O. U. W. and Odd Fellows. Both have been prominent in any moves that have been made toward the city's wel- fare. Porter & Co., BookseivLErs, etc., 409 Market' Street. When, in 1763, Mr. Peter Brymber started a small stationery store, who would have thought that it would have lasted for more than a centviry, with- standing all the crucial tests of the Revolutionary War, and the various panics that occurred in conse- quence. The business, after passing through various hands, came under the management of the present firm some- years ago. The store now occupied is about 20 feet front, with a depth of 117 feet to Shipley street. It has been remodeled inside and fitted in the best man- ner. The stock carried is large and varied, comprising books, stationery, fancy goods and publications of all characters. Since the rage for amateur photography has grown up, a large line of supplies has been kept. Three capable assistants are constantly employed. Mr. Porter has always been a resident of the city^ 'i20 Delaivai'c s bidustries. J. K. Baylis, Tiles, Grates, Mantels and Fire- place Decorations, 718 Market Street. In this era of rage for decoration and adornment of our dwellings, an entirely' new line of business has been opened. The representative establishment of this kind in the city is that of Mr. J. K. Baylis. This gentleman opened here, a year ago, a very handsome establishment, the dimensions of which are 25 x 70 feet, for the sale of fancy wood mantels and decorative brass work. Examples of all the most beautiful kinds ■ of work are shown, and open fireplaces and low-down grates are made a specialty of. The work done is equal in finish and design to any in the country. Seven skilled workmen are employed. Mr. Baylis has alwa3's been a resident of the city. He formerly was manager of the Opera House for a period of fifteen years. He is a member of the Board of Education, and is prominent in the Masonic frater- nities. Wyatt & Co., Men's Furnishings, 603 Market Street. The average 3'oung man of to-day thinks more about his collar and necktie than he does about any- thing else. Among the leading men's furnishers in this section may be mentioned Messrs. Wyatt & Co. This business was originally opened under the name of Wyatt & Garrett, who were succeeded, about ten years ago, by the present firm. Delaware' s Industries. 121 The store is about 20 x 40. It is fitted in a very neat and attractive manner, and is literally filled with stock, comprising all the new and leading styles of men's furnishings, from the best makers in New York and London. Two young men are employed as salesmen. Mr. Wyatt has been a life-long resident of this State. He is very well known, both here and with the wholesale trade in Philadelphia and New York, standing in the best relations with the manufacturer. He is an active member of the A. O. U. W. F. C. Searle, Engraving and Jewelry, 615 j/^ Market Street. Whenever you are in need of a special piece of jewelry or a special kind of engraving, it will repay yovL to call on Mr. F. C. Searle. This gentleman has been established here for the past eight years. Two rooms are occupied, each about 20 x 20 feet in dimensions. One is used as a show room, while the other is a work room. The business is almost entirely special pieces of jewelry, badges and medals of all sorts. Engraving •of all kinds is done in the most attractive manner. Two skillful workmen are employed at all times. Mr. Searle is a native of Pennsylvania, but has been an esteemed resident of the cit}'- for so long that he may almost be called a native. He is an active and prominent member of the Red Men, Knights of the Mystic Chain and the A. O. U. W. 122 Delaivare' s hidustries. Crosby & Hill, Dry Goods and Notions, 605, 607 AND 609 Marke;t Stre;et. " Largest and most beautiful in the city," should be the title used in conjunction with the well-known establishment of Messrs. Crosby & Hill. This busi- ness was established about twelve years ago, under the same title that it now carries. Since the inception, the firm has met with the most flattering success. The store now occupied is about 50x117 feet in dimensions. It is fitted in the most attractive style. Two large bulk windows are among the many attrac- tions, thus giving complete space to display the new goods. The stock carried is one of the largest in the state, comprising all the many and multitudinous arti- cles that would come under the following heads: Dress goods, cottons, hosiery, underwear, ladies' suits, coats, small wares, notions, etc., it being all arranged in the most convenient manner. Upholstery goods are made a specialty of, being found in large profusion. When running normally, the business gives em- ployment to about 30 salespeople, who are in ever)' way competent to fill*the positions they hold. The members of the firm are Messrs. W. K. Cros- by and Jos. Hill. Both gentlemen have long been known in our city, as being business men of the first order. Mr. Crosby takes an active interest in the manage- ment of the Young Men's Christian Association. Delaware's Industries. 123 William M. Pyle, Dry Goops and Notions, 411 Market Street. There are but few stores in the city that bear as enviable a reputation as that of Mr. William M. Pyle. This gentleman started business in 1883, in a much smaller way. The present quarters were taken in 1888. The store is about 20 x 117 feet in dimensions, fitted admirabl}^ with a good light. Dry goods, notions, hosiery, underwear and small wares are kept. Cloaks, suits, parasols and umbrellas are among the specialties handled. Six salesladies are employed. Mr. Pyle has been a resident of Wilmington for the past thirt3^-seven years. He was chief clerk of the city post oifice for eleven years, and was then chosen for the postmastership, which he held for eight years and six months' George Steinicken, Cigars and Tobacco, 215 Market Street. Perhaps there is nothing more subtle than that widely known weed, tobacco. Nothing soothes the average man so quickly or so well as a good cigar or pipe. Such an article can ahvaj'S be obtained from Mr. George Steinicken. This genial gentleman opened business here nearly a quarter of a century ago, but has kept abreast of the times, and is to-day among the best known tobacconists in this section. The store occupied is about 14x30 feet in dimen- sions, newly fitted in the most beautiful manner. Cigars, tobacco and smokers* articles of all kinds can be obtained here. 124 Delaware s Industries. Mr. Steinicken is a native of Germany, but has become, through long residence, one of our most valued citizens. Lena P. Steinicken, Milunery, 217 Market St. Among the many branches of trade that now come under the domain of the female sex, none is more subject to them than millinery. Among the few successful ladies in this branch ma}" be mentioned Miss Lena P. Steinicken. This lad}- opened business here about five years ago. The store occupied is about 14x30 feet in dimen- sions. The stock carried is varied, comprising all the newest and most fashionable styles of the season. All kinds of hats and bonnets are trimmed to order. This branch gives employment to ten skilled assistants. Miss Steinicken has become widely known as being connected with this business. L. F. Adair, Furniture and Bedding, 415 Mar- ket Street. The furniture trade in this section is well repre- sented in the business of Mr. L- F. Adair. This gentleman first started in i860, and after managing it successfully ten years, gave it up and went West. Coming back shortly afterward, he em- barked a second time. Thinking he could do better West, he retired again ; but returned five years ago, when he opened the store he now runs. Delaware's industries. 125 The building occupied is 20 x 117 feet in dimen- sions, four stories high. Four rooms outside of this building are employed for storage purposes; making, in all, about 19,000 square feet of floor surface. Fur- niture, bedding, baby carriages and refrigerators, of all kinds and descriptions, are carried in stock. Five capable assistants are constantly emplo3'ed, and a team is kept to deliver orders. Mr. Adair has always been a resident of this county, except during his absence in the West. He is well and favorably known in trade circles here and wherever he deals. Trm^^^t^ Photographer, 617 Market Street. "The largest and best known" is the title that should be given to the establishment of Mr. J. Paul Brown . This gentleman has been engaged in this line for nearly a score of years. He opened an establishment of his own about 13 years ago. From the inception, the venture has been an assured success. The premises include a. building 20 x 100, all of which is used except the first floor. The parlor on the second floor is furnished most beautifully. The 126 Delaware's Industries. operating room, in the rear, is about i8 x 40 feet in dimensions. Every appliance that can be brought to bear on this work is used. A very good light is obtained by means of large skylights. Six capable operatives are given constant employ- ment. Everything in the line is done, a specialty being made of groups and large pictures. Mr. Brov^n has been a life-long resident of the city, and has alwa3^s been prominent in promoting its interests. Ferris GiIvKS, Men's Furnishings, 703 Market Street. There are but few establishments in the city that are as well known to the average young men as that of Mr. Ferris Giles. This gentleman succeeded Messrs. Crippen & Riggs about four years ago, and since then has built up one of the best trades in this line. The store is about 25 x 60 feet in dimensions. Although not being the oldest establishment in the city, he is acknowledged the leader in his line. The stock comprises all kinds of men's furnish- ings, including house jackets, dress vests, canes, um- brellas, pajamas and sporting goods, which is worthy of mention, as few stores carry them. In sporting goods, all the newest styles can be obtained here. The agency for the Barnes I^aundry is also located here. In addition, he keeps a line of full dress suits to hire. Delaware's hidustries. 127 Three efficient assistants are employed. Mr. Giles has always been a resident of Wilming- ton. He is a very active member of the Y. M. C. A., and is the youngest in this line of business in the city of Wilmington. George D. Cleland, Boots and Shoes, 424 Market Street. By all odds the finest store in this city devoting its energies to the sale of boots and shoes is that of Mr. George D. Cleland. This gentleman opened business here some time ago, and from the inception has met with every possible success. The store is about 20x60 feet in dimensions, and is furnished in the handsomest manner, with two large bulk windows in the front for the displaj^ of goods. A very choice collection of fine shoes is carried for gentle- men, ladies, misses and children. A specialty is made of fine custom work. The services of three skilled operators is constantly required. Mr. Cleland has been a resident of the city tor many years, and having had many years' experience in this line, is fully capable of supplying the demands of the most fastidious. Joseph Kern, Jeweler, 707 Market Street. There is perhaps not a better or more favorably known house of this character in this vicinity than that of Mr. Joseph Kern. This gentleman opened business in this city about ten years ago, and after six 128 Delaware' s Imhistries. JOSEPH KERN. Delaware's Industries. 129 years' successful business in the smaller store, 827^ Market street, the presentandinorecommodious quarters were taken. They are about 20x35 f^^t in dimensions, Tiandsomely furnished. Diamonds, watches, jewelry, silverware, etc , are carried in profuse variety. A specialty is made of repairing fine watches and clocks. Mr. Kern is a native of Switzerland, where he learned his trade as a watchmaker. He is an active and prominent member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen, Order of Tonti and the Masonic fraternities Wm. B. Sharp & Co., Dry Goods, Notions and Carpets, Fourth and Market Streets. The location of the city of Wilmington between two large cities, one would think, would make it tribu- tar}' to them; but, judging from the many large stores here, it has not. The establishment of Messrs. W. B. Sharp & Co. is one that will compare most favorably •with those of any of the cosmopolitan cities. This house was established by Mr. Sharp about twenty- five years ago, and has been identified with the dry goods trade for forty 3'ears in Wilmington. The business has, by his energy and push, grown to be the largest in this cit}'. The premises occupied consist of a four-story brick building, about 20x100 feet in area, and an annex for a carpet room, 45x60 feet in dimensions. The base- ment has been devoted to house furnishing goods, blankets and linens. On the first floor may be found ■dress goods, dry goods, silk, notions, etc. The second 130 Delaware's Industries. floor contains the upholstery goods and cloak depart- ment, while the third floor is for oil cloths and ingrain carpets, while in the annex tapestry carpets of the finer qualities are kept. The fourth floor is used as a dupli- cate stock room. In the annex may be found all the finer grades of Wilton and Moquette carpets and rugs, besides tapestry carpets and general floor goods. A large number of capable salespeople are em- ployed, each thoroughly acquainted with the goods in their respective departments. The house enjoys the best reputation, both here and in New York and Philadelphia. The members of the firm are Messrs. Wm. B. Sharp and W. Harold Smith. They are both very well-known throughout the city, and are highly re- spected. Cranor & Company, Dry Goods, etc., 621 Market Street. There are but few stores in the city that are pos- sessed with such an enviable reputation as that of Messrs. Cranor & Company. This business was opened in 1884, under the same title that it now bears. The store is about 20 feet front, with a depth of 117 feet. Two floors are used. Eight salespeople are constantly employed. The stock comprises all the best grades of dress goods, hosiery, underwear and fancy goods. Ladies'and children's coats are also handled extensively. Mr. Cranor, the manager of this house, is from Greensborough, Md., but has been a resident here for Delaware's Industries. 131 some years. He is a thoroughly practical and well informed business man, and has devoted his energies to this particular line of business from boyhood. Mrs. C. Rossiter, Gents' Furnishings, 503 Market Street. There are but few stores in this section of the city that are better or more favorably known than that of Mrs. C. Rossiter. The business here was opened nearly a score of years ago, by the lady's husband, and after his death she took the management. The store is about 15x35 feet in dimensions, fitted in the neatest and best manner. All kinds of men's furnishings are kept. Shirts are one of the special- ties, these being made to order in the best manner. Mrs. Rossiter has been a resident of the city for many years. Her store is exceedingly popular with the young men of the city. Kennard & Co., Dry Goods and Notions, 623 Market Street. Certainly there is not a more popular or well- thought-of store in this line in the city than that of Messrs. Kennard & Co. These gentlemen have been in business in this city for many years, having- formerly had an establishment at No. 74 Market street. The move was made up town about thirteen years ago, when two stores were occupied. About ?32 Delazvare' s Industries. five years ago the old firm dissolved, each member taking one store. The store now occupies about 23x117 feet in dimensions. It is finished in the nicest manner. The stock carried is one of the choicest in the city, com- prising the finest goods of every line kept. A special run is made on kid gloves. Emplo3^ment is given to thirteen capable young ladies. This house is to Wilmington what Messrs. Arnold, Constable &Co. is to New York, and Messrs. Darlington, Runk & Co. are to Philadelphia. Mr. Kennard has been a resident of the city since 1846, and has become very well-known. He is on intimate terms with all the large importers and jobbers in New York and Philadelphia, Capelle Hardware Company, 212 Market Street. There is scarcel}' an older or better known house in the city than the Capelle Hardware Co. This busi- ness had its inception under the name of Capelle & Bro., in 1864. These gentlemen managed it success- fully until 1 88 1, when it was incorporated. The premises occupied consist of a large four-story building, 22x212 feet in dimensions. It is furnished in the most commodious manner. The business has been divided into various departments and has been so well systematized that it becomes an easy matter to select goods. The stock carried is something enormous and would require a book as big as a Bible to enumerate it Delaware s Industries. 13 j in, comprising builders' hardware, tools, cutlery, wire, etc. The trade is wholesale most exclusively, extend- ing all over the peninsula. The management of the affairs is devolved upon the following officers: Mr. A. A. Capelle, Pres.;J. W. Reybold, Vice-Pres.; W. H. Kenworthy, Secretary and Treasurer. ' These gentlemen are all too well-known to require any comment at our hands, but sufficient to say that they form one of the most estimable triumvirates of eminently successful business men. C. F. Thomas & Co., Wholesale and Retaii, Booksellers, Stationers and Printers, 421 Market Street. There is scarcely an older or better known estab- lishment in this city than that now conducted by Messrs. C. F. Thomas & Co. • The business here was originally established nearly a century ago, and has passed through a direct line of succession until the present date, having with- stood successfully many financial panics. The present firm are the direct successors of Joshua T. Heald. The firm occupy a building about 20x117 feet in dimensions, four floors in height. The first floor is used as a store and show room. The second floor is an art parlor for holiday goods, while the upper rooms are used for manufacturing purposes. The stock carried is very large, comprising all the standard as well as new and attractive books, and 134 Delaware s Industries. in fact everything that can possibly come under the various heads of their business. They are the agents for the celebrated Rogers statuary, that has been on the market for many years. Mr. Thomas is exceedingly well known in this line of trade, having had a large and varied ex- perience. Charles Warner Company, Foot of Market Street. Closely allied to the development of the city may be found the history of such a concern as the Charles Warner Co. This enormous enterprise had its inception about 1780 under the name of Fountain & Dickson, who were succeeded a few years after by Messrs. Wm. and John Warner, who in turn sold out to Charles Wamer in 1835. This gentleman managed the business until i860, -when it became Charles Warner & Co., Mr. E. Tat- Tiall Warner, his nephew, being taken into the firm. The firm continued thus until 1880, when it was incor- porated under the present title. Originally the business was comparatively small, but a gradual growth has been going on for a century, until now it has absorbed nearly all branches of kindred trade. The premises now occupied are on both sides of the ■Christiana creek, about 250 feet fronton each side. The north side is used for wharfage by the transportation steamers and the ofiicers of the company. On the Delaware s hidustries. 135 south side are the lime, cement, coal and sand storage yards. It is uncertain at what time the first regular tran- sportation boat was placed on the river, but the firm have in their possession a manifest dated 1796. In 18 1 6 the Vesta was placed on the river as a passenger boat, the first of the kind. The operations of the company are most extensive, consisting of coal and building material, the Philadel- phia and Wilmington daily steam freight line and a line of steamers from Elizabeth Cit}' to Newberne, N. C. Throughout every department the work is thor- oughly systematized, and the best possible results reached with the least labor. In every case the firm have been leaders, not fol- lowers. They were the first to place a propeller on the route between Philadelphia and Wilmington, the "E. I. DuPont," in 1846. First to place a freight steamer between here and New York, the "West Chester," in 1866. First to establish the system of express delivery in connection with their freight line, in 1865. The first to introduce the type writer to office work in Wilmington, in 1878. First to establish a system of telephone exchange in the city, in 1878. And so on throughout their entire career, they have been "first, last and always, ahead of com- petitors." The management is now devolved upon the follow- ing officers: Mr. E. Tatnall Warner, Pres.; A. D. Warner, Vice-President and Treas.; Charles C, Bye, Secretary. Mr. Charles Warner, the former head, has retired in favor of the younger generation, though he still 136 Delaware' s Industries. takes an active interest in all things tending toward the city's benefit. He is a director of the Bank of Delaware. Mr. A. D. Warner, the Treasurer, is a director of the Bank of Wilmington and Brandy wine. Mr. Edward Andrews, the former Secretary, now has entire charge of the Southern Transportation Line. W. H. Babcock, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, 206' Market Street, East Side, above Second. The demand for custom-made shoes has been growing less and less for some time past, as the shoe manufacturers reach a better class of product. Among the'best known houses of this character in this vicinity may be mentioned that of Mr. W. H. Babcock. This- business was originally established by the father of the present proprietor about twenty-five years ago, and in 1884 he died, and his son then purchased the business and has since then managed it most successfully. Custom work of all kinds is done. Particular attention is paid to careful repairing. Two skilled workmen > one salesman and two salesladies are constantly en- gaged. Mr. Babcock is a native of Philadelphia, but has been here almost long enough to be called a Dela- warean. His place is called the " Kami 1}^ Shoe House." His trade in boys' and children's shoes, without Oi doubt, is the largest in the state. \V. H. Babcock, Boots and Shoes. Delaware' s Industries. 137 Johnson & Barnhill, Furniture Deai^ers and. Undertakers, 207 Market Street. Among the representative houses in this line, in this section, may be mentioned that of Messrs. Johnson & Barnhill. This business was established about nine years ago, under the same title that it now carries. The building occupied has a frontage on Market Street of 25 feet, and a depth to Shipley Street of 117 feet. It is three stories high, the upper floors being used as workrooms. Furniture of all kinds is to be found here, all the newest designs in single pieces being kept. A special department is made of the undertak- ers' supplies. A large business in this line is done. Three skilled workmen are constantly employed. The members of the firm are Messrs. I^. Harry John- son and George T. Barnhill. Both gentlemen are residents of the city. Mr. Barnhill was formerly coroner ; he now holds the deputyship. H. K. Watson, drugs, 803 Market st. Hamburger Shoe House, 209 Market st. R. W. Wolters, clothing, 2d and Market sts. Domestic Sewing Machine Co., 814 Market st. John Mealey, liquors, 205 Market st. Weil & Ringwalt, saddlery, 200 Market st. E. S. R. Butler & Son, books, 420 Market st. Daniel McCloskey, hats, 408 Market st. S. Hochheimer, varieties, 118 Market st. P. Plunkett & Co., wines and liquors, r 08 Market st. F. J. McIyOughlin, medicines, 402 Market st. 138 Delaware' s Industries. George W. Dorse}', hardware, 19th and Market sts. C. W. Stigers, coal and wood, 130 Market st. J. T. Montgomery, jeweler, 2003 Market st. E. H. Rumford &Bro., liats, 404 Market st. T. Y. Missener & Co.. dry goods, 306 Market st. F. Weil, Jr., men's furnishings, 227 Market st. F. E. Janvier, boots and shoes, 231 Market st. Mrs. C. E JefFeris, millinery, 509 Market st. W. J. Hemphill, grocer, 1915 Market street. John J. Gallagher, drugs, 1503 Market st Hamburgers' Clothing, 220 Market st. J. T. Dickey, clothing, 226 Market st. Philadelphia Suit Store, 121 Market st. Max Ephriam & Co., clothing, 316 Market st. I. A, Righter, cigars, 827 Market st. J. C. Finn & Son, decorations, 610 Market st. Joseph Christ5^ cigars, 6th and Market sts. Singer Manufacturing Co., 510 Market st. Wilmington Shoe Store, 917 Market st. Thomas Condon, shoes, 905 Market st. John S. McCall, tailor, 1017 Market st. M. Schlager, shoes, 223 Market st. Rushworth's Gallery, 615^ Market st. H. Mahaflfy, jeweler, 229 Market st. J. S. Beetem, drugs, 7th and Market sts. B. S. Clark, jeweler, 407 Market st. Pennock & Foreman, clothing, 5th and Market sts. 'G. Barrett, confectionery, 927 Market st. S. H. Staata, trimmings, 405 Market st. A. F. Boorat, dyeing, 716 Market st. Preston Bros., barbers, 728 Market st. Connolly & Welles, tailors, 704 Market st. Delaware' s Industries. 139 Liverpool & London Tailors, 521 Market st. W. H. Morris, grocer, 7th and Market sts. D. P. Smyth, jeweler, 311 Market st. I. W. Gibney, tailor, 315 Market st. J. C. Johnson & Son, house furnishings, 225 Market st. Burns &Monaghan, shoes, 419 Market st. Josh. Conner, harness, 237 Market st. H. Levi, clothing, 310 Market st. George W. Jackson, variety, 805 Market st. G. H. Ash, tailor, 705 Market st. K. Sondheimer, clothing, 3d and Market sts Condon . 115 East Fourth Street. There is certainly not a more popular establish- ment of this character in this vicinity than that of Mr. W. H. Robinson. This gentleman took a store here Delaware's Industries. 179 about eighteen months ago, and since opening has built up a very nice trade. The dimensions of the store are about 18x30 feet. It is fitted up in the most suitable manner. The stock carried is very large, comprising a choice selec- tion of cigars, tobacco and smokers' articles. The business done is wholesale as well as retail^ extending all over the city. Mr. Robinson has been a resident of the city for many years. He is an active member of the Hepta- sophs and the Shield of Honor. Champion Wagon Works, James Mills, Proprie- tor, Dealer in Coal and Wood, Fourth and* R. R. Avenue. The only manufactory in this city devoted exclu- sively to the manufacture of patent dump carts and wagons is that of Mr. James Mills, known as the Champion Wagon Works. This business was originally established as Millfe & Combs about twenty-three years ago, and about five years ago Mr. Mills succeeded to the entire manage- ment. The premises are about 186x235 feet in dimen- sions, with various buildings erected and coal and wood sheds. The total floor room is about 30,000 square feet in extent, all utilized for the prosecution of the various industries here. Coal, wood and building materials are dealt irk and a lucrative trade done, the house supplying a large ft-So .'De/aware's Indusirzes. 'tHAMPION DISCHARGING WAGON • •CHAMPION' CMUTE CART "CHAMPION WOOD WAGON "CHAMPION" DUMP VKHCON fOR BRICK ANO ,^Sk. BUIlOmS M«TEPIAL "OIAMPION CMUTE WAGON CHAMPION br;ck TRUCH. CHAMPION WAGON WOKKS, James Milk, Proprietor. These pictures show only a small number of wagons ; they make all kinds of heavy wagons, drays, etc. Delaware's hidusb'ies. iSf. trade in the city and all parts of this county with only the better class of goods. Noticing the many disadvantages of the old style wagons, trucks and carts, Mr. Mills set himself out tc find an improvement, and patented the "Champion," which have met with entire success wherever they have been shown, making important improvements for which he holds letters patent. Five styles are built, each being especially suitable for the work intended. Employment is given to about thirty-five skilled operators, and the establishment publishes a catalogue that fully describes all the many advantages of these- wagons much more effectively than we possibly can in this sketch, and those in quest of anything in his liner- will be repaid to communicate with this house. Mr. Mills is a native of the Keystone state, but has- been a resident of the city for many years, being active in public as well as private life. He commands the respect of all with whom he forms business relations. H. K. Fulton, Manufacturing Brooms ani> Whisks, 107 East Fourth Street. The largest and best known house in the city de- voting its energies to this line of trade is that of Mr.. H. K. Fulton. This business was originally established about, fifteen years ago b}^ the father of the present proprietor,. Mr. J. H. Fulton, who retired about ten years ago,, leaving the management to his son. The premises occupied as a store are about 17x60- feet in dimensions, with the manufacturing department 1 82 Delaware' s Industries. up-stairs There are two floors, one 17x60 and the other 17x25. Brooms and whisks of all kinds are manufactured. Wood and willow ware is kept. Buckets, baskets, twines, paper bags, etc., are also sold, in fact, every- thing in the line of grocers' supplies. The assistance of five skilled workmen is required, and a man is kept on the road selling goods through- out the State. Mr. Fulton is a native of Philadelphia, but has been here for many years. He is an active member of the Red Men and Knights of the Golden Eagle, hold- ing in the latter organization the position of Keeper of Exchequer, Mrs, Morris Taylor, Notions and Trimmings, 329 East Fourth Street. There is certainly not a better or more favorably known store in this section of the city than that of Mrs. Taylor. This lady established business here about two years ago. The premises occupied consist of a store about 2ox 40 feet in dimensions. It is fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. A large stock is carried, comprising notions, hosiery, buttons and trimmings of all kinds. A specialty is made of embroidery materials, stamping and pinking being done to order in the best manner. A full line of candy and confectionery is also carried. A capable young lady is employed as a salesperson. Delaware' s Industries. 183 Mrs. Taylor is a native of Illinois, but has been in this city tor about ten j^ears, and is widely known, socially as well as commercially. McLaughlin Bros., Cigar Mfgs., No. 5 West Fourth Street. There is certainly not a more prominent house in this line in this section of the city than that of Messrs. McLaughlin Bros. These gentlemen established busi- ness here about two years ago, and since the opening have been building up a very nice trade. The store used is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, •with the manufacturing department in the rear. Cigars of all grades are made, the average capacity Being from 20,000 to 25,000 per month. In addition to this they are dealers in imported cigars, smoking and chewing tobacco and smokers' articles. The '.assistance of four men is necessary. The members of the firm are Messrs. W. J. Mc- Laughlin and J. J. McLaughlin. Both gentlemen "have a thorough knowledge of their business and are fully able to meet all competitors. Charles Yetter, Vienna Bakery, ii East Fourth Street. When, during the Centennial Exhibition in Phila- delphia, in 1876, Vienna bread was sold for the first time, it seemed almost impossible that it should have found its way all over the country in so short a space of time. 184 Delaware^ s Industries. Among the most prominent places in the city making it may be mentioned that of Mr. Charles Yetter. This gentleman opened in the city about eight years ago, and three years ago the present store was taken. It is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, fitted in the nicest manner. The bake-house is in the rear. In conjunction with the bread made, all kinds of fancy and plain cakes are baked. Ice cream is also sold. Five skilled men are given constant employment, and a team is kept with which to serve the regular customers. Mr. Yetter is a native of Germany, but has been here for many years. He is an active member of the A. O. U. W., and various German societies. C. F. Welch & Co., Wholesale Grocers ani> Commission Merchants, 204 East Fourth Street. In man}^ lines of trade the city of Wilmington is surpassingly well supplied, notably the distribution of food products. Among the principal houses en~ gaged in this line may be mentioned Messrs. C F, Welch & Co. This enterprise was originated in 1875, under the name of Welch, Sharp & Co., as a retail store. Grad- ually it was merged into a wholesale business, and in 1885 the present firm was formed. Delaware' s Industries. 185 The premises occupied consist of a three-story building, about 23 x 50 feet in dimensions, with every facility for the receipt and shipment of large lots of goods. The energies of the house are devoted to the sale of staple and fancy groceries of all sorts, and the handling of fruit and produce, such as potatoes, apples,^ berries, etc. The close intimacy which this house enjoys with the trade makes it a most desirable house to deal with. Everything is obtained from the first hands and at cash figures, thus enabling them to dispose of the goods at a very low figure. The trade of the house extends all over the pen- insula, and is annually increasing in scope and magni- tude. Mr. C. F. Welch, the head of the firm, having had a large experience in this business, is fully famil- iar with all its many details, and knows just where the best of everything is to be found for the trade. As merchants, they hold a responsible position in the business world. Elliott & Clark, Wholesale Commission Mer- chants, 1 10 East Fourth St. Among the best and most favorably known houses of this character in this city may be mentioned the firm whose name heads this article. This firm was formed in August, 1889. Mr. El- liott had been in business for himself, prior to this,, some eighteen years. 1 86 Delaware' s Industries. The premises occupy an area of about i8 X40 feet, and are in every way most suitable for this line of business. The firm enjoy the closest relations with the farmers and dealers throughout this vicinity, and are thus enabled to get the best possible produce, selling to the trade direct at the lowest market quotations. Several capable men are employed for the prosecution of the business, and a team is kept for hauling pur- poses. The individual members of the firm are G. W. Elliott and E. C. Clark. These gentlemen are too well known in connection with this business to require more than passing mention. The senior partner is a prominent member of the G. A. R., having served in the Ninth Delaware Regiment, Company G. He is also connected with the Heptasophs and Patriotic 'Order Sons of America. As business men they are recognized as responsible dealers and well meriting the rsuccess attending their efforts. K. E. Hanf, Jeweler, 15 East Fourth St. Among the best and most favorably known houses in the jewelry trade in this line may be mentioned Mr. E. E. Hanf's. This gentleman opened business here as long ago as 1874, and has since then built up quite a large trade. The store is of ample proportions, and is fitted with every convenience for the successful management of business. Delaware's Industries. 187 The stock carried is not extremely large, but the ■selection has been most choice, comprising all the newest and most stylish patterns of jewelry, watches, •diamonds, and, in fact, everything in this line. Re- pairing of fine work is made a specialty of, Mr. Hanf being a thoroughly practical jeweler. He has been a resident of the city since 1864, and is prominently •connected with the Masonic fraternity. Mr. Hanf has made the business a study, and is thoroughly familiar with all its branches. J. H. Harkins, WhoivESale and Retail Cigars, 215 West Fourth St. There is certainly not a more popular store in this line in this vicinity than that of Mr. J. H. Harkins. This gentleman opened business here about eleven years ago, and has been steadily building up a large trade through enterprise, executive ability and a con- scientious effort to further the interests of the trade. Mr. Harkins in a small way began, and now well de- serves the success attending his efforts. The store is about 20 x 44 feet in dimensions, is furnished in the most commodious manner, and a store room is in the rear, 20 x 20 feet, heavily stocked with a line of smoking and chewing tobaccos. A large and choice selection of imported and •domestic cigars is always carried. Smoking and chew- ing tobaccos, smokers' articles, etc., are also handled extensively. The "Go Ahead" and "Not Named," two very popular brands of cigars, are the spe;.ial brands made for his trade only. The merits of these Delaware's Industries. I Delaware's Industries. 189 goods are too well known to require elucidation here. The business is wholesale as well as retail, and the stock carried is extremely large, comprehending every brand of tobacco on the market. Mr, Harkins has been a life-long resident of the •city He is extremely well known in trade circles as a reliable dealer, winning the esteem of all with whom he deals. Booker & WhitkseIvL, Commission Produce, 102, 104, AND 106 East Fourth Street. The city of Wilmington has always been noted for its good produce markets. There are many large houses engaged in this line. Possibly the best known is Messrs. Booker & Whitesell. This business was originally established by Mr. Booker in 1874, Mr. Whitesell, the junior member, being taken in about eight months ago. About five months ago this large and commodious store was taken. It is about 60x100 feet in dimensions, and is one of the most perfect of its kind, a notable part being the two banana storage rooms, each about 20 feet square. The heat and cold in these rooms can be regulated whenever it is desired. They have a capacity of hold- ing 2,000 bunches of bananas at once. The services of eight men are constantly required, and two teams are kept to deliver orders. A general wholesale commission produce is done, everything in the way of foreign and domestic fruits and vegetables being handled. IQO Delaware s hidjcstries. The members of the firm are Messrs. George W.. Booker and A. S. Whitesell. Both gentlemen are- "hustlers" in every sense of the word, and by their activity and energy have built up an enormous- trade. P. B. & J. B. FoRMAN, Cabinetmakers and Under- takers, lo East Fourth Street. When any special designs in the furniture line are required, there is not a better firm to execute that kind of work than Messrs. P. B. &J. B. Forman. This business was originally established nearly- half a century ago, by Mr. P. B. Forman, and about fifteen j^ears ago he took his son into the business. The premises consist of two large floors, each about 20x40 feet in dimensions. They are fitted with every tool and appliance that will lessen labor or improve the product. All kinds of special work in cabinet ware is done. A specialty is made of fine work to order in all its forms. Coffins and caskets of all kinds are made and trimmed in the most beautiful manner. The services of three skilled workmen are some- times required to fulfill orders. Both members of the firm have been life-long resi- dents of the city, and are very well known in trade and business circles. Delaware's Industries. 19 e Cooling & Co., carriages, 4th and French sts. T. C. Taylor & Co., druggists, 333 East4tli st. J. B. Forman, shoes, 10 East 4th st. G. H. Frazer, tinsmith, 108 East 4th st. Reese & Bro., stoves, 6 East 4th st. ly. Robinson, cigars, ii5>2 East 4th st. Albert Newmoyer, barber, 220 West 4th st. John Zweifel, grocer, 225 West 4th st. J. Parke Postles & Co., morocco, 204 W. 4th st. C. A. Winslow, cigars, 2 West 4th st. Wm. C. Phillips, produce, 4th and French sts. H. S. Kyle, grocer, 205 West 4th st. Deverell Bros., grocers, 8 East 4th st. H. E. Albert, musical instruments, 117 East 4th st,. W. H. Robinson, shoes 113 East 4th st. G. H. Hollis, stoves, 9 East 4th st. Alexander & Wells, roofing, 511 East 4th st. John Greenlee, plumber, 217 W. 4th st. 1 92 Delaware' s Industries. Chapter V. Harry Yerger, Pictures and Picture Frames, 419 Shipley Street. Possibly the largest and best known house in the city devoted exclusively to the above lines of trade is that of Mr. Harry Yerger. This genial and courteous gentleman established business here about twelve years ago, and has since been rewarded with the greatest success. The store is about 20x80 feet in dimensions, fitted in the nicest and best manner. The workrooms are located in the rear. Picture frames and mirrors of all kinds are manufactured to order, besides a large stock of all kinds of engravings and etchings. Six skillful operatives are employed. Mr. Yerger has been a life-long resident of the city. He is very well and favorably known. He is an active member of the Knights of Pythias. A, S. Jones, Leather and Shoe Findings, 614 Shipeey Street. The leather trade has a good exponent here in the personage of Mr. A. S. Jones. This gentleman established business in this city about thirty-five years ago. The quarters now occu- Delaware's Industries. 193 pied were taken about six N^ears ago, and are fitted out with all the appliances known to the trade. The building is about 20x50 feet in dimensions, extending through to Market street, and is, without a doubt, the largest house of this kind in the state- Leather and shoe materials of all kinds are handled. Uppers are manufactured for the trade, and an im- mense trade done, being all over the state and adjacent territory. Custom shoes are also made. Six skilled, workpeople are employed, Mr. Jones has been a resident of the city for many years. He is an active and prominent member of the Odd Fellows, Red Men and the Masonic Fraternities,, being a member of the Washington Lodge Command- ery and a Knight Templar, and as a business man is. well ktiown in trade circles. Albert Bucher, Sign Painter, 3 1 1 Shipley Street. In the display of his wares, the merchant needs to employ the services of some competent and tasteful person, who is capable of getting up something new and attractive, in the way of display. Such a persoiu may be found in Mr. Albert Bucher. This gentleman has been in business for the past eight years, and is one of the most thoroughly com- petent and best sign painters in the city. All kinds of display work is done in the newest styles; also gilding, sign painting, sign ornamenting and fancy work of every description, such as banners, flags, wagon decoration, etc. agA Delaware' s Industries. Two capable assistants are constantly employed, and no pains are spared to foster the interests of the trade. Mr. Bucher has been a life-long resident of the city. He is well and favorably known in social as well as business circles. J. N. Eaton, Plumbing, Steam and Gas Fitting, 409 Shipley Street. There has been much talk lately about sanitary plumbing and the rebuilding of drains, and the sub- ject has grown to such perfection that but few have been able to keep up with all the new reforms. Among Jthe few maybe mentioned Mr. J. N. Eaton. "This gentleman established business here about ■"three and a half years ago. The building used is about 20x30 feet in dimen- sions, the first floor being used as an office, while 'the upper ones are work rooms. Plumbing, steam and gas fitting of all descriptions iis done. Eight capable assistants are constantly em- yployed, and no means spared that will cater to the «^ French Street. The building interests of Wilmington are of such a great extent that there are many dealers in supplies located here. Among the most prominent may be mentioned Mr. Thos. J. Talley. This gentle- man opened business here six years ago, and from its first inception has met with every assurance of success, due to consecutive business methods and a prompt fulfillment of the demands of the trade. The trade done is wholesale lumber exclusiv^ely, car loads and large lots being sold all over this section, as well as in New York, Philadelphia, the States of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, etc. 226 Delaware" s Indiistries Mr. Talley purchases from manufacturers, and sells direct to dealers, and with the best trade connections, shipping- facilities, etc. , is enabled to supply stock to the dealer at the lowest quotations. Every description of poplar, white pine, hemlock, white oak, ship and car lumber, and pine piling are the principal products han- dled, as well as other grades of lumber. This house has the agency for the Siddell & Hastings Co. charcoal, and an extensive trade is prosecuted in this department. Piling, cross ties and oak bill stuff is cut to order and shipped to the trade everywhere. A large consignment of ties is now due the Pennsjdvania Railroad at Al- toona, as well as the Philadelphia and Reading road. The house is the filling agent for many of the largest and best concerns in the lumber trade. Mr. Talley has been a life-long resident of the city. He is an active and prominent member of the American Legion of Honor, and as a business man commands a leading position in the commercial world as a responsible dealer. Wm. S. Moore, Fine Groceries, Confections, AND Provisions, 401 Delaware Ave. The grocery trade of Wilmington by no means lacks representative exponents. Among the several leading dealers we note the house of the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. Mr. Moore opened this business two years ago. This business, by steady application to the demands and in such instances none but an experienced man should be allowed to touch his feet. But few are more capable than Mr. P. Toner in this capacity. This gentleman has been established here for the past year and a half, and has gained a well-deserved reputation as a mechanic. 28o Delaware' s Industries. The shop occupied is large, &nd is fitted with •every convenience. The services of two skilled men are constantly required in the business. Mr. Toner has been a resident of the citj' for the past eighteen years, and is very well known. H. C. Parker, Harness and Saddlery, 15 East Third Street. Perhaps there is not an older or more favorably known house of this character in this vicinity than that of Mr. H. C. Parker. The business here was estab- lished more than thirty j-ears ago hy the father of the present proprietor, who succeeded to the business about six years ago. The premises are 18x52 feet in dimensions, with a shop in the rear. Harness and saddler\' of all descriptions is made to order. A full stock of trunks, valises, bags and horse furniture is carred. Mr. Parker is the patentee of oil harness soap that has achieved a verj' large sale throughout a large por- tion of this country from the middle to the southern states, western states and in every large city gener- ally. When running normall}- the services of from three to five men are required. Mr. Parker has been a life-long resident of Wil- mington. He is well and favorably known in a social as well as a commercial sense. F. P. Hickman. Delaware" s Industries. 281 Iv. Heiss, Merchant Tailor, 4 East Third St. In this line of trade there are but few better known representatives in this city than Mr. L. Heiss. This gentleman started business here about eleven years ago, and by push and energy has built up a fine trade. The store occupied is about 20x50 feet in dimen- sions and is nicely fitted up. The stock carried is very large, comprising all the latest and most stvlish effects from the foreign and domestic makers. Ten skilled workpeople are given constant em- ployment in custom work. Mr. Heiss has among his patrons some of the most fashionably dressed men in the city. A resident for many years here, he is ver)'- well-known to a large circle of acquaintances and is respected by all who known him for his earnest endeavors in his line. F. P. Hickman, Smith Shop, 305 West Front St. Many of the large manufacturers find it more to their advantage to have wrought iron work done out- side of their own plant. Mr. Hickman conducts such a plant. He opened about eight 3'ears ago, and five years afterward took the present shop. It is about 55X 100 feet in dimensions, with several forges and a steam hammer. Ship iron work of all kinds is done, and all kinds of special pieces of wrought iron. The special feature of the establishment is the making ot iron steamboat trucks. This truck is com- plete wrought iron and is the only iron truck built in 282 Delaware' s Industries. the state. They are used by most of the leading steam- boats on this and other harbors, and for universal satisfaction are not eclipsed by any other of its kind. Three skilled men are given constant employ- ment. Mr. Hickman has been a life-long citizen of Wil- mington. He is in every way conversant with this business and fully capable of turning out the most difficult work. John C. Brison, Plumber, Gas and Steam Fitter, 103 West Seventh St. As a sanitary measure for the promotion of health, the plumbing trade occupies a position in the front rank of modern improvements and has become an absolute necessity in this utilitarian age of progress. A prominent house engaged in this trade is that of Mr. John C. Brison, No. 103 West Seventh street, which was established about nine years ago and re- moved to its present building, now four years. Since its early inception this business has obtained a liberal patronage from property owners and con- tractors. The premises occupied are 26x72 feet in dimen- sions, stocked with a complete assortment of plumbers' , steam and gas fitters' supplies. Ever^^thing in the way of plumbing, draining, ventilating, steam and gas fit- ting is executed. Contracts are entered into and complete fitting-up of buildings of all kinds is satisfactorily accomplished Delaware's Industries. 283 In sanitary plumbing, on the perfect performance of which so much of the health and comfort of the com- munity depend, that an active and practical experience is certainly an element to secure confidence, after a life's experience in this useful avocation, Mr. Brison is thoroughly versed in every detail of his craft. The shop is in the rear, fitted out with the latest approved appliances, and in the successful conduct of the business from eight to ten artisans are employed. A special feature of the establishment is made in the prompt and efficient execution of repair and job work of every description. Orders by mail or in per- son are attended to, and all work or contracts entrusted to this house are faithfull_v executed as regards work- manship and prices, as the reputation of the house is sufiicient guarantee that all work emanating therefrom shall rank perfect and reliable. Mr. John Brison is a native of the state of Dela- ware and a member of the Builders' Exchange. Cahili. & Co., Carriage Builders, 208 and 210 Orange Street. The carriage buildinginterestsin this section have a ver}' strong exponent in the house of Messrs. Cahill & Co. This business was established in 1878, under the name of Messrs. Hudson & Cahill. In 1S86 the present style was adopted. The plant occupies two large buildings, one 35x60 feet in dimensions, three floors in height, and one about 46x60 feet, four floors in height. These are separated 284 Delaware' s Industries. by an alley way about fifteen feet wide, thus giving plenty of room for storage of vehicles for repair and ship- ping stuff. The business is divided into four general heads, nameh': Blacksmith, woodworking, trimming and painting, giving emplo5aiient to about twenty skilled workmen. The principal product consists of extension top wagons, jump seats, phaetons, surreys, Brewsters, side bars, etc. The best materials are used and the best class of work turned out. Particular attention is paid to repairing and re- painting all kinds of carriages and wagons. The trade is extensive, lying all over this and the surrounding States. The business is under the entire management of Mr. P. T. Cahill, a thoroughl}- experienced and practi- cal man in this line of trade. Hertel & Co., Druggists, 301 East Fourth St. Among the best known drug stores in this section of the cit}' may be mentioned that of Messrs. Hertel & Co. This business was originally established by Mr. August Kuhlman, in 1877, who managed it until three and a half years ago, when it came under the present management. The store is about 25x30 feet in dimensions, with a laboi-atory in the rear, under the personal supervision of Mr. Hertel himself, thus assuring perfect accuracy. A full line of fresh drugs, patent medicines and Delaware" s Industries. 285 toilet articles is carried, and everything in a first-class stock of drugs. Physicians' prescriptions are a spe- cialty. Mr. Emil Hertel, the head of the firm, like many of our successful physicians, is a native of Germany. A graduate from the Jefferson Medical College, he has been prominent in public as well as private life, and now is in the responsible position of one of the city vaccine physicians. Commanding a large and success- ful practice, Dr. Hertel is respected in professional as well as business circles. George McFerren, Tin and Sheet IronWork, 219 Shipley Street. Among the most favorably known houses of this character in this section of the city may be mentioned that of the gentleman whose name heads this article. Prior to this, this business was established at Sixth and King, in Octobvjr, 1889, by McFerren & Co. The move was made to the present quarters in March, 1890, Mr. McVeigh leaving the firm October ist,when the present proprietor continued solely. The building is about 20x35 f^et in dimensions, two floors being used. The upper floor is the shop. This is fitted out with all the machinery, tools and appliances requisite for the pursuance of this business. All kinds of heater work is done. Tin and sheet iron work is attended to; also roofing, spouting, gutter- ing, tiling, etc. Corrugated roofing, as well as putting in heaters, is the specialty, but everything in this line is executed. 286 Delaware' s Industries. Two skilled workmen are now employed, and dur- ing the season a requisite number of skilled hands are resorted to to fulfill orders. Mr. George McFerren is well-known in trade circles as a reliable and responsible mechanic, and all work emanating from his premises is under his personal supervision, thus assuring perfect satisfaction in every detail and winning the respect and good will of a select patronage. As a business man he well merits the measure of success attending his efforts to conscientiously perform that which devolves upon him. Selak & Young, Cigars and Tobacco, 6i8 Market Street. Perhaps there is not a more popular store in this section with the men than that of Messrs. Selak & Young. These gentlemen purchased the business here about four years ago from Mr. C. G. Garrettson, and since their opening have built up a very large trade here. The store occupied is about 20x40 feet in dimen- sions, with a large pool-room in the rear. A full and choice selection of imported and do- mestic cigars is carried, as well as smoking and chew- ing tobacco, cigarettes, pipes and smokers' articles generally. The members of the firm are Messrs. A. W. Selak and C. P. Young. The business, however, is under Delaware' s industries. 287 the direct manageinent of Mr. Selak, as Mr. Young is a native of York, Pa.,, where they also are engaged in the same business. Their places of business in both places are re- cognized as the base ball headquarters. Mr. Selak for several seasons managed a base ball club in this city with much success. Wai^ker & Elliott, Machinists and Builders of Fertilizer Mill Machinery, Second and IvOMBARD Streets. The division of trades has become such a strong factor in the manufacturing business that in these days many concerns have devoted themselves exclusively to one line. Among such plants may be mentioned that of Messrs. Walker & Elliott, whose business has gradu- ally become one alone in the trades for the manufac- turing of machinery for fertilizer mills. The business had its original inception in the per- sonage of Mr. John W. Hopkins, who managed it suc- cessfully for ten years, when the present firm took charge some ten years ago. The plant covers an area equal to that of a triangle about 112x130x200 feet. Three buildings are used, the smith shop, the machine shop and the pattern shops. These are completely fitted out with the newest and most approved machinery, each being devoted to their special usages. The firm are prepared to fit out the whole plant of a fertilizer company, all the different machinery being 288 Delaware' s Industries. built, this being their specialty. Other work, however, is done as well, but the first mentioned is the principal trade. Among the many large mills that have been fitted out by this company may be mentioned the following: Messrs. J. K. Taggart and Sharpless & Carpenter, of Philadelphia, and F. W. Nickerson & Co., of Easton, Md.; Albany Fertilizer Co., at Georgia; Cordele Guano Co., Georgia; Durham Fertilizer Co., Durham, N. C; Durham Fertilizer Co., Richmond, Va.; Alexandria Fertilizer Co., Alexandria, Va. ; Mobile Phosphate and Chemical Co., at Mobile, Ala.; G. H. Nichols & Co., Sherbrooke, Province of Quebec — the trade lying all over this section of the continent, from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, and some of the Western states. When running at normal capacity the business gives employment to twenty-five skilled workmen. The members of the firm are Messrs. V. C. Wal- ker and R. T. Elliott. Both gentlemen stand high in the mercantile community.and are well-known, socially as well as commercially. G. W. Baker & Co., machinists, 214 French st. W. W. Burlock, coal and wood, 116 Monroe st. Leslie W. Megowen, marble j^ard, loth andTatnall sts. Jno. Taylor, steering apparatus. Front ana Tatnall sts. Wm. Purnell, grocer, 3d and Walnut sts. Pierce & Buson, bricks, 3 W. 7th st. J. B. & B. Reid, furniture, 6th and Tatnall sts. R. H. Carswell, coal, E. 4th st. Delaware' s Industries. 289 Smith & Painter, fruit juices, nth and Church sts. Jas. G. Horley, grocer, Taylor and Spruce sts. Thos. Davidson, marble works, 5th and King sts. Wilmington Boarding Stable, 212 W. 6th st. H. T. Clark, grocer, 7th and Jefferson sts. E. R. Ewing & Co., grocers, 7th and JeJ0ferson sts. Chas. E. Taylor, cigars, 6th and Lombard sts. Wm. Hitchins, grocer, 4th and Walnut sts. W. Jones & Co. , morocco, 104 Walnut st. Jno. McClaflferty, liquors, 527 E 5th st. W. A. Pryor, drugs, 6th and Walnut sts. J. G. Spath, cigars, 4th and Walnut sts. J. E. Rhoads & Son, belting, 3d and Orange sts. Parker & Stanley, harness, 2d and Orange sts. John W. Reeve, carriages, 106 Orange st. Eising & Lange, packers, 407 Orange st. Chapman, Son & Co., cigars, 7th and Orange sts. H. L. Maddux, cigars, 302 French st. C. W. Horn, carriages, no French st. M. S. Hukill, dry goods, 7th and Lombard sts. Tray nor & Co., plumbing, 218 E. 6th st. M. A. J. Springer & Co., implements, 215 W. Front st. Jno. H. Turner, coal. Front and King sts. Jester & McDaniel, stables, 419 W. Front st. Philip Plunkett, hay and straw, 106 W. Front st. E. Mitchell, Jr., roofing, 310 W. Front st. Fell & Joseph, coal. Front and Madison st. Inter- Nos M'fg Co., wagon m'fgs, 61 r Front st. W. H. Pierson &Son, planed lumber, 421 W. Frontst. P. F. Walsh, plumbing, 624 W. Front st. Hentoeffer & Vaughn, pile drivers, Front and Spruce sts. Jno. F. Walker, boots and shoes, 13 E. 3d st. 290 Delaware' s Indzistries. Harvey & Sisler, grocers, 103 E. 3d st. Stephen Downey, wood w^orker, 3d and Tatnall sts. Bellah & Co., hardware, 3d and French sts. Chas. E. Fritz & Co., morocco, 214 W. 3d st. S. F. Blackiston, grocer, 9th and Orange sts. Jno. Little, grocer, 639 E. 5th st. Wm. Bush & Co., morocco, 114 Walnut st. J. I. Breyer, saw mill, Tatnall and R. R. sts. Chas. Baird & Co., morocco, 3d and Tatnall sts. Part Second. DOVER. The capital of the State^ situated very near its center- It is a large and flourishing town, located on the Delaware Division of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, on the Jones Creek. I'he town was first set- tled in 1683, and in 1694 was made the county seat. It contains many fine buildings and dwellings. The Hote- Richardson, built lately by Mr. A. B. Richardson, is the- finest south of New York. The Delaware Stare Capitol is.- an imposing structure, and the Kent County Court House also claims recognition. The post office and the Wil- mington Conference Academy occupy beautiful buildings. The town is incorporated, with a city gas and water works; electric lights have lately been added. The city- contains three hotels, two banks, three weekly newspapers^ five churches of leading denominations, and numerous- schools and academies. The leading industry of the city is the R. & R. cannery, which employs about three hun- dred persons. Dover is the shipping point of a large number of peach orchards, and is the secDnd-sized city in. the State. The streets are well laid out and paved in the best manner. The railroad facilities are first-class, Dover being sixty-five miles from Philadelphia and forty fron» Wilmington. 2. Delaware' s Industries. CowGiLL Drug Co., 215 Loockerman Street. Perhaps the above establishment is the widest enter- prise of its kind in the State. This business was originally started by Mr. James Cowgill in 1838, and in 1848 he took his son, Albert Cowgil', into partnership, making it James Cowgill & Son, continuing this till 1880, when Mr. Cowgill, senior, died. It then became Cowgill & Creen, and in 1889 it was changed to the present title. The store is very large, being about 25x80, and two floors in height. It is fitted in hard wood, in the most beautiful and com- modious manner. The stock carried is extensive, compris- ing a full assortment of all kinds of fresh and pure drugs, patent medicines, toilet articles, soaps, sponges, etc. A full line of artists' materials, paints, school books and popular literature of all sorts is carried. A specialty is made of wall papers and window shades, all varieties and styles being kept in stock. The firm are the original manufacturers of wood stains, five in number, for color- ing painted or unpainted wood. The trade is wholesale as well as retail, and embraces all of the peninsula. Mr. Albert Cowgill, the sole proprietor, having spent his entire business career in this business, is fully familiar with all Its details and is capable of supplying all demands that may be made upon him. He is a native of Delaware, and is well known and highly respected as an active and enterprising business man. Richardson & Robbins' Canning Establishment. Synonymous with a high quality of canned goods is the term R. & R. This well-known firm established in J1856 in a small way; gradually the trade has increased Hintil at present it is the largest of its kind in the country. Delaware^ s Industries. 5 In 1876, at the demise of Mr, Robbins, Mr. H. A. Rich- ardson was taken into the firm and the old title retained. The plant occupies a number of two-story brick buildings, which have been fitted with the newest and most improved machinery in every branch. Particular care is exercised to see that no deleterious substances are allowed to enter into the composition of the products. Much of the machinery in use was made from the ideas of Mr. Richardson, who has made this business his life's study, and with what success it falls not to our pleasure to comment in these pages. A particular feature of the product is that goods are put in cans that open with a key, thus saving all the trouble and annoyance caused by the old-fashioned cans. This firm have exclusive control of the patent in this country and are destined to create a revolution in the canning industry of the country. The product consists of all kinds of canned specialties, such as peaches, pears, plum pudding, poultry, hams, beef tongues, and in fact almost everything but vegetables. The trade of the house is bounded only by the oceans, extending from Maine to California. The R. & R. brand has always held its own against all comers. The members of the firm are Messrs. A. B. Richardson and H. A. Richardson. The senior member is the practical man of the business, while Mr. H. A. Richardson has the financial department in charge. These gentlemen are too well known to require any elucidation at our hands except the fact that Mr. H. A. Richardson was the nominee for governor by the Republi- can party and was defeated by one of the smallest majorities ever known in the State. As business men they command the confidence and esteem of the commer- cial world. Delaware's hidush les. Delaware's Industries. 5 Hotel Richardson. A. B. Richardson, Proprietor. To the traveling public nothing gives more comfort than a first-class hotel. In connection with this subject we refer to the finest hotel in the State of Delaware, and one of the most superbly equipped anywhere. This building was built in 1881. It is a structure built of brick and stone, in Queen Anne style, being situated at the intersection of two prominent streets, giving all the rooms an outside view. The main entrance, corridors, reading rooms, parlors, and dining room are not surpassed by any hotel south of New York. The building is heated throughout by steam, lighted with gas, and supplied with electric bells, with water closets and bath rooms on every floor. The hotel contains sixty-eight rooms, all of which are large, well ventilated, and furnished in a very tasteful and comfortable manner, many of them being arranged en suite. The table and service are exceptionally fine, all the delicacies of the season being obtained. The fact that there is no public bar, only a private wine-room lor guests, has its many advantages, adding to the dignity and pleasure of this house as a family resort. The hotel was built by the firm, but as a suitable tenant was not to be found, Mr. Richardson took the manage- ment himself, and although a new enterprise to him he has succeeded in keeping up the high standard. The terms of the hotel are so low that it is scarcely on a paying basis, and the traveling public are not unappreciative in the service obtained. Too much merit cannot be placed on the efforts of the proprietor in sustaining here one of the finest equipped hotels in the country. 6 Delaware" s Industries. A. J. Campbell, Bakery. Bread has been styled the staff of life, and indeed it is, for where is the family who does not consume large quantities of this commodity ? Among the dealers devot- ing their energies to its manufacture may be mentioned Mr, A. J. Campbell. This gentleman started here about three years ago, and thus far he has been most successful. The premises are of ample size, being located on Loocker- man street. The bake-house is in the rear, and six skilled hands are required to cater to the demands of the trade. Nothing but the best materials are used, which in conjunc- tion with the skillful manipulation unites in producing a first quality article whose weight, flavor, and general excellence is not surpassed. Bread, pies, biscuits, plain and fancy cakes are made fresh every day. A specialty is made of serving bread at any address the patrons may desire. The trade is wholesale as well as retail, and extends all over the peninsula, a team being used to serve the local trade. Mr. Campbell has been in this business some years, and is thoroughly practical in all its workings. He is a native of Pennsylvania, but has been in this State for some time past. He is recognized as an industrious and energetic business man, and is highly respected by the community at large. Mrs. M. E. Graham, Millinery and Notions. Perhaps in nothing is the average lady more difficult to please than in the selection of a bonnet. It must just suit her taste or else she will not be pleased with it, and when once satisfied with an establishment the chances are that she will continue to deal with the same place. Delaware' s hidustries. j One of the finest millinery stores in this town is that of Mrs. M. E. Graham. This business has been in exist- ence for more than a score of years, and has been one of the most successful. The premises are of ample size, and are fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. A very Lrge stock is carried, comprising a choice assortment of hats, bonnets, ribbons, feathers, white goods, notions, and fancy goods generally. A specialty is made of trimming hats and bonnets to order, in the latest styles. Mrs. Graham has been in this business many years, and enjoys the closest relations with the importers and jobbers in New York and Philadelphia, and is thus enabled to furnish her patrons with the latest designs in headwear. She has been a lifelong resident of Delaware, and is well known, socially as well as commercially. W. D. Walls, Stoves, Heaters, Ranges, and Tin- work. The question of economically heating a house has been much discussed. One of the easiest ways to over- come it is to visit such an establishment as that of Mr. W. D. Walls. This gentleman started business here about twelve years ago, and has been most successful, due to personal attention and a fine line of goods. The premises are of ample size, and are in every way fitted in a first-class manner, the second floor being used as a workshop and storage room. Every modern tool and appliance is util- ized, and no lack of attention paid to the demands of the trade. ^ Delaware' s Industries. A large and well selected stock is carried, comprising all the newest and best styles of stoves, heaters, and ranges, besides all kinds of housefurnishing goods, etc. A specialty is made of repairing, all work being promptly and neatly executed. The services of three men are con- stantly required, and all work is under the personal super- vision of the proprietor himself, a practical mechanic and business man. Mr. Walls has been in this business some time, and 9ias gained a thorough knowledge of its details, and is •capable o'f supplying all demands that may be made upon liim. He has been a lifelong resident of this town, and as well known as an active merchant. Advance Steam Laundry, Bostic & Haman, Pro- prietors. The idea that a steam laundry destroys the clothing lias been held by many persons, but this idea has proven itself erroneous, as sufficient test has been made of the subject to fully vindicate a steam establishment from such an appellation. In connection with this introduction we refer the reader to the "Advance Steam Laundry" of Bostic & Haman. This enterprise was started in a comparatively small way, about three years ago ; but by persistent efforts and a final accomplishment they have succeeded in build- ing up an extensive trade, reaching out as far as 125 miles distant throughout the peninsula and adjoining territory. A year ago the present eligible quarters were taken. A large building is used, which is fitted with all the newest and most improved laundrying machinery. All kinds of laundry work is executed, and none but high-class work Delaware's Industries. 9 emanates from the premises. To prosecute the affairs six skilled hands are required. This, together with the improved machinery, enables them to turn out an immense amount of work. Dyeing and scouring has lately been added to the business, the firm having purchased the establishment of Mr. Savage in November, 1890. This is, without exception, one of the finest laundries in the State, and the largest this side of Wilmington. The members of the firm are Messrs. W. 8. Bostic and W S. Haman. They are both young, active, and enter- prising business men, and are rapidly pushing to greater proportions the enterprise they pursue. EzEKiEL Galt, Oysters. "Eat, drink, and be merry," an old proverb which could well be applied to such an establishment as that of Mr. Ezekiel Gait. This gentleman opened his place of business some time ago, and thus far he has been most successful. The premises are eligibly located. They are of ample size, and in every respect fitted in a first-class manner. The culinary department is under the supervision of a capable chef, and everything is cooked in the best manner. Oysters are served in all styles, as well as all the other delicacies of the season. A specialty is made of family trade, stewing and fry- ing oysters being constantly kept on hand. Mr. Gait is a native of the Diamond Stale, and has become very well and favorably known in this section as an active and energetic man in his line of business. lo Delaware's Industries. George W, Benn, Wall Paperings and Painter. Perhaps in no line of trade have more improvements been made than in the decorating line. The developments have been so rapid that many dealers have not been able to keep pace with the increased demand for new styles. Among the most successful in this line may be mentioned Mr. G. W. Benn. This business was originally established by Messrs. Cadmus and Benn, about a score of years ago, and continuing thus until, about a year ago, Mr. Benn obtained entire control of the business. The premises are located on Loockermau street. They are of ample size and fitted in a very neat and attractive manner. Here may be found a very choice collection of all styles of wall papers, from the cheaper grades to the finest being kept on hand. Picture frames, mouldings, painters' supplies,artists' mater- ials and everything in this line. Painting, graining and glaz- ing is also done in the best manner, and upward of twelve skilled men are employed to further the interests of the business. A line of ready mixed paints, oils and varnishes is also kept. Mr. Benn has been in this line many years and is fully familiar with all the details of the business, and is capable of pleasing the most fastidious patrons. He has been a life long resident of this State. He is an active member of the Odd Fellows and well known, socially and commercially. John Satterfield, Family Grocer. In comparing the relative values of various commercial enterprises, those which contribute most largely to the supply of the actual necessities of mankind should have first consideration, and we know of none more important than the grocery trade. Perhaps the most prominent Delaware's Industries. n representative in this line is Mr. John Satterfield, whose establishment is located at No. 109 Loockerman street. This business was established by H. C. Collison, and four years ago tlie present proprietor took the entire management. The store is of ample size and is fitted in the most attractive manner. In the prosecution of the business several competent assistants are employed and no means spared to further the interests of the patron. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising all kinds of fancy and staple groceries, provisions, canned goods, fine family flour, teas, coffee, spices, kitchen, toilet and table requisites. A specialty is made of queensware. Mr. Satterfield has been a life long resident of thi? town. He has proved himself a public-spirited citizen and now occupies the responsible position of post-master of Dover, discharging the duties of this vocation to the interests of his constituents and the community at large. As a merchant Mr. Satterfield is recognized as a responsible dealer, well meriting the esteem in which he is held. Miss Elma Foreaker, Dress Maker. Perhaps in nothing is the average lady more particular than in the choice of her dresses. They must suit her or else she will not be satisfied, and when once pleased she will continue to patronize the same establishment that caters to her wants. In connection with this subject we refer to the dressmaking establishment of Miss Foreaker. The work rooms are supplied with every convenience for the prosecution of such an enterprise. Eligibly located on Loockerman street, they are presided over by one who has had extensive experience in this line as a practical fitter, cutter and draper, and is thus qualified to pursue 12 Delaware's Industries. this business and give entire satisfaction to her patrons. At times the assistance of skilled help is required, and none but the most skillful hands are employed. Dress making in all its many branches is carried on, all the latest styles being received from the great fashion centers of New York and Paris. This lady started business here about ten year3 ago, and from the first has been most successful. She is a native of Delaware, and is very well known in this vicinity. Since establishing here she has proved herself a consistent business woman, winning the esteem and goodwill of a select trade. B. Frank Harris, " Shoer of Track and Road Horses," Shops on Loockerman Street, two DOORS BELOW BaYARD HoUSE. The value of a horse as a beast of burden is too well known to require any comment, but it is sufficient to say that in order to obtaiii the best work from an animal his feet must be kept in perfect condition. None but a thor- oughly experienced blacksmith should be allowed to shoe him. One of the most capable men in this line, and one who takes pride in the execution of fine work, is Mr. B. Frank Harris. This gentleman started business ten years ago, and has been most successful, due to a knowledge of the anatomy of the h rse's hoof and a scientific training in the making of shoes, a specialty being made of road and track work. The premises are large, comfortable and the finest built shop in the state, fitted with the newest and best ap- pliances and tools. There is enough room to comfortably shoe twenty-five head of horses at one time. Delaware's industries. 13 Having made this business a special study, he is thor- oughly familiar with all the many details, and no horse owner need hesitate to entrust his most highly valued stock in his hands. All kinds of light and heavy shoeing is done. Mr. Harris is a native of New Jersey, but has been here so long that he has almost become a Delawarean. Although residing here, he has executed work for four of the leading breeders, jockeys and horsemen in Philadelphia, who have had their stock in his place here. Wm. Culveyhouse, Shelf Hardware, Guns and Ammu- nition AND Housekeeping Goods. Perhaps there is not a better or more favorably known house in this line in the vicinity than that of Mr. Wm. Culveyhouse. This gentleman opened business here about five years ago, and through his activity and enter- prise has built up a large trade. A special feature is made of all kinds of repairing, and in this particular every facil- ity is at hand to further the patrons' interest. The store is of ample size, and is located on Loocker- man street. It is fitted in the neatest and most commodi- ious manner. A large stock is carried, comprising all the best makes of guns, rifles, pistols, ammunition and sporting goods of all kinds, besides cutlery, hardware, tools and a line of household goods of many kinds and descriptions. Mr. Culveyhouse has been in this line some time, and is thoroughly familiar with its details. He is a native of the Hoosier State and one of the early settlers amid perils and vicissitudes. 14 Delaware's Industries. A. B. Moore, Monumental Stone Works. With the increase in wealth and education of a com- munity comes an increased demand for all kinds of fine architectural and monumental stone work. The most prominent exponent of this line in this town is Mr. A. B. Moore. This gentleman started business here in 1881, and has been thus far most successful. The premises occupy a space of about 50x150 feet on Loockerman street. The workshop has been fitted with all the newest and most im- proved appliances. Monumental stone work of all kinds is done in American, Tennessee and Italian marbles and granites, besides various kinds of architectural work. Mr. Moore is a thoroughly practical man. The services of several capable workmen are constantly required. He is a native of this state, and is well known and highly respected as an energetic and enterprising business man. Stevenson & Slaughter, Agricultural Implements. Situated as Dover is, almost in the center of one of the greatest agricultural states in the country, it is not re- markable that such a concern should make its headquart- ers here. This business was established by MacDaniel & Stevenson in 1862, and fifteen years ago it became Messrs. Stevenson & Slaughter. The premises are of ample size, being located on State street. They are fitted with all the most conven- ient methods for handling the business. The stock carried is very heavy, comprising seeds, farming and agricultural implements, bricks, coal, general hardware for builders' Delaware" s Industries. 15 and household use, house-furnishing goods, ropes, pulleys, tackle, wire screens and a line of goods too comprehensive to mention in detail. The firm are agents for the H. W, Johns Co. asbestos goods. The members of the firm are Messrs. Edwin M. Stevenson and Stephen Slaughter. These gentlemen are known as active and enterprising merchants, the senior member of the firm being one ot the oldest merchants of this kind in the state. He is also a director of the Farm- ers' Bank of the State of Delaware and a trustee of the Wilmington Conference Academy. Mr. Slaughter is a member of Councils, and both com- mand the esteem of trade circles. Casson, Fisher, & Co., Dealers in General Mer- chandise. There are but few houses that enjoy as large a patron- age as Messrs. Casson, Fisher & Co. This business was originally established in January, 1870, by Messrs. Dyer & Casson, continuing thus until 1882, when it was changed to the present title. The premises are situated on Loockerman street. They are of ample size, and are in every respect fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. Two floors, each 30x70 feet in dimensions, being in use. A large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of dr^ss goods, notions, hosiery, underwear and furnishing goods, groceries, canned goods, carpets, and in fact everything a stock of general merchandise covers. The management of affairs is devolved upon the following gentlemen : Messrs. John W. Casson, C. W. Fisher, and William Dyer. These gentlemen are all well 1 6 Delaware' s hidusines. known and prominent business men. Mr. Casson is a member of the School Board and Mr. Dyer is a member of Council. As a business house they enjoy* the closest relations with producers everywhere, and are thus enabled to supply the demands of the trade. American Clothing House. H. C. Collison, Pro- prietor. Perhaps in no line of trade have more improvements been made than in the manufacture of ready-made cloth- ing. Owing to the increased demand for fine garments at moderate prices the manufacturers have been forced to greatly raise the standard of their productivity. The American Clothing House stands at the top of the heap in this town, as a rendezvous for high-class goods at moderate figures. Mr. H. C. Collison, the proprietor, first started business in this city nearly twenty-two years ago as a grocer and dealer in general merchandise. Gradually the line was changed, until twelve years ago it was merged into a clothing house only. The premises now utilized are located on Loockerman street. They are of ample proportions, occupying a three- story brick building, which is fitted in the most attractive manner, carrying a very extensive and choice selection of all kinds of men's, youths', and boys' clothing in the lead- ing designs, shades, and cuts, besides one of the finest lines of hats, caps, and furnishing goods of every descrip- tion. Mr. Collison enjoys the closest relations with the manufacturers in New York and Philadelphia, and is thus enabled to furnish his patrons with the best goods in the Delaware's Industries. 17 market. In the prosecution of this business several quali- fied assistants are employed, and no lack of attention bestowed upon the demands of the trade. He has been a lifelong resident of the State of Delrware, and has served in an official capacity, having been quartermaster- general for two administrations, under Governors Stockley and Hall, in which position he served to the entire ap- proval of his constituents. As a merchant Mr. Collison is well known among the responsible dealers. J. J. Green, Pharmacist. The importance of such an establishment as this to the community can readily be appreciated. Without it the services of a physician would be of little benefit, Mr. Green, the proprietor of the establishment now under review, first started business in this town about fifteen years ago, and from the inception he has been most successful. About a year ago he took the store he now occupies. It is of ample size, fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. A large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of fresh drugs, chemicals, patent medicines, fancy toilet articles, and stationery. Particular attention is paid to filling physicians' pre- scriptions in the most careful manner. Mr. Green is a specialist in the pharmaceutical department, and has a finely-equipped laboratory for the compounding of physi- cians' and family recipes, as well as drug and chemical formulae generally. A native of Pennsylvania and a graduate of the Phil- adelphia GoUege of Pharmacy, class of 1875, ^^ ^^ quali- fied by learning and experience to pursue this critical pro- fession, and well merits the esteem and confidence he has achieved. 1 8 Delaware's hiduslries. A. R. Benson, Wholesale and Retail Confectionery AND Fruits. Perhaps to the young folks of this town there is not a more attractive establishment than that of the gentleman whose name heads this article, located on Loockerman street. Mr. Benson first started business as a grocer, about seven years ago, and gradually the trade has merged into the confectionery and fruit business. The premises are of ample siz^ and are in every respect fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. Great care is taken in purchasing all candy to see that it contains no deleterious substances. A large assortment of candy, bonbons, mixtures, creams, chocolates, marsh- mallows, caramels and sweets of every description is constantly kept on hand, besides foreign and domestic fruits, nuts, raisins, etc. No lack of attention is paid to the demands of the trade. Mr. Benson has the facilities and the best connection with the large manufacturers, so that he is enabled to sup- ply the trade at wholesale. Special attention is given to mail orders, and goods are sent to any part of the penin- sula and adjoining territory. A lifelong resident of Delaware, the subject of this article is well known and highly respected as an energetic and enterprising business man. J. S. Rowan, Cigars and Tobacco, and Newsdealer. Perhaps no habit has so strong a hold on mankind as the use of tobacco. Nearly everyone uses it in one form or another — in fact we are all slaves to this seductive weed. Delaware's Industries. 19 Among the dealers catering to the tastes in this prac- tice may be mentioned Mr, J. S. Rowan, This gentleman started business here about seven years ago, and has been most successful. The premises are situated on State street. They are of ample size, and fitted in a strictly first-class manner. A large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of imported and domestic cigars, tobacco, cigarettes, pipes and smok- ers' articles of every description. A specialty is made in reading matter. All the Phila- delphia and New York daily and weekly newspapers and current literature can here be found, and any orders left for papers, periodicals, magazines, etc., can be supplied at publishers' prices, Mr, Rowan became a very well known resident of this town, and is highly esteemed in a social and business way, as no means are left open that may cater to the de- mands of the trade. S, Taylor, Merchant Tailor. Perhaps in nothing is the average man more careful than in the choice of his clothes. They must just suit his taste, or else he will not be satisfied, and when once pleased the chances are that he will continue to deal with the same establishment. One of the oldest and best known in this line in the city is that of Mr. S. Taylor. This gentleman started business here 31 years ago, and has been most success- ful, numbering among his patrons some of the best dressed men in town. The store is located on State street It is of ample size, and is fitted very neatly and nicely. A large stock is 20 Delaware' s hidustries. carried, comprising all the newest and most attractive de- signs in fabrics for men's wear. None but the most skill- ful work people are employed, and the finest kinds of clothing turned out, Mr. Taylor is a native of Virginia, but has been in this city so long that he has almost become a Delawarean. J. Frank Allee, Dealer in Watches, Jewelry, Sil- verware, AND Clocks, 103 Loockerman Street. With the increase in wealth and education of a com- munity comes an increased demand for objects of art and personal adornment of every description. The finest estabtishment in Dover whose energies are' devoted to this line is that of Mr. J. Frank Allee. This busi- ness was originally opened in 1835, by the father of the present proprietor. In 1872 he was taken into the firm and six years later the entire management was devolved upon him. The premises are eligibly located on the main busi- ness thoroughfare of the town. They are of ample size and beautifully furnished. The stock carried is very large, comprising a full assortment of all kinds of precious stones, diamonds, watches of Swiss and American manu- facture, clocks, bronzes, fine china, silverware and jew- elry of every description. Particular attention is paid to repairing, all work being neatly and promptly executed. Mr. Allee enjoys the closest relations with the im- porters in New York and Philadelphia, and is thus enabled to furnish his patrons with the newest and most attractive designs. He is well known here, commanding the esteem of social as well as commercial circles, being Junior War- den of the Masons and the receiver of the A. O. U. W. Delaware's Industries. 21 Chas. P, Zisette, Tonsorial Artist and Baths, Nothing is more enjoyable than a first-class barber shop. Perhaps the best one in this town is that of Mr. Chas. P. Zisette. This gentleman started business here about ten years ago, and has built up an extensive patron- age, due to attention to the details of the business. The premises are located on Loockerman street. They are of ample proportions, and are in every particular fitted in a first-class manner with three chairs, thus obviating the necessity of long waits. A special feature of the business is the bath accommo- dations attached. Hot and cold baths and every refresh- ing convenience is here enjoyed. Several skilled attend- ants are employed. Shaving, hair cutting and shampoo- ing is done in such a manner that it is a pleasure in place of a duty. All kinds of ladies' and children's hair and bang cutting is done in the latest styles. A line of barbers' supplies is carried for the convenience of the trade. Razors, soaps, brushes, oils, tonics, bay rum, etc. Mr. Zisette has been in this line some years, and is thoroughly familiar with all the details of the business, be- sides capable of serving the most fastidious patrons. He is a native of France, but has been in this country for eighteen years, winning the goodwill of those with whom he forms business relations. Chas. E. Treidler, Merchant Tailor. To the average young man the question of dressing well is one of vital importance. The best and largest mer- chant tailoring establishment this side of Wilmington is Mr. Chas. E. Treidler. This gentleman started business 22 Delaware' s Industries, in Milford thirty years ago, and about two years ago he came here and opened his present store on Loockerman street. It is of ample size and is in every respect first- class. A large stock of imported and domestic fabrics for men's wear is carried, comprising all the season's novelties in checks, plaids and stripes. None but the most skillful work people are employed, and upwards of twelve hands are employed in and out of the building, the cutting being done under the personal supervision of Mr. Treidler himself, an experienced, sci- entific draughtsman and fitter; thus perfect fit is assured. The trade of this house is extensive, reaching all over the peninsula and within a radius of loo miles into por- tions of Delaware and Maryland. With extended facilities and a long experience in this branch of trade, Mr. Treidler is fully capable of supplying the demands of the most fastidious. He is a native of Germany, but has been in this coun- try many years. A member of the Masons, Odd Fellows and Knights Templar, he stands well in social and business channels alike. T. O. CuLBRETH, Dealer in General Merchandise. When, in compiling a work of this character, we no- tice that a firm has been in active existence for a long time, we feel no hesitancy in recommending our readers to deal with such a house. Perhaps there is not an older or better house in this town than that of Mr. T. O. Culbreth. This business was started in 1857, and since that time has been under the same management. Delaware' s Industries. 23 The store is of ample proportions, being 32x57 feet in dimensions, and is fitted in the best and most commo- dious manner. It is located on State street, A very heavy stock is carried, comprising a full as- sortment of dry goods, notions, hosiery, groceries, canned goods, china and glassware, teas, coffees, spices, in fact almost everything the term general merchandise covers. To facilitate the work of the establishment competent as- sistance is required, and no pains spared to cater to the wants of the trade. Mr. Culbreth has, through his long and tried expe- rience in this line, become familiar with all its details, and is capable of fully supplying all demands that may be made upon him. He is a native of Maryland, but has been in this town for some years, and is well known as an active and enter- prising merchant. James H. Vane, Photographer. The only photographer of any importance in this town is Mr. James H. Vane. This gentleman started busi- ness here more than a score of years ago, and through his energy and ability he has built up a large patronage. The premises are located on Loockerman street. They are of ample proportions, with every convenience at hand to conduct a first-class establishment. Photographs of all kinds are taken in the best manner. A specialty is made of tintypes, and also of outside work, and orders for any kind of crayon and India ink portrait or picture can be readily filled. Mr. Vane has, through his long and tried experience in this line, become fully familiar with all the details of 24 Delaware's Indtistries . the work, and is capable of supplying the demands of the most fastidious. He has been a lifelong resident of Delaware, and is well known and highly respected. He has in his posses- sion pictures of the recently made monument of CaBsar Rodney, one of the signers of the Declaration of Inde- pendence, and whose remains have been interred here. These pictures are supplied to the trade. *' Temple of Fashion." E. A. Marcus, Proprietor. Perhaps of all the goddesses followed by humanity none is more fickle than the goddess of fashion. Nearly all women are worshippers of this deity. In order to keep fully up to her new notions a dealer must be fully alive to the demands of a fastidious trade. Among the best known in this section of the country may be mentioned Mr. E. A. Marcus. This gentleman started business here four years ago, and thus far he has been most successful — due to active enterprise and a desire to lead in his line of pursuit. The store is located on Loockerman street. It is of ample proportions and is fitted in the most beautiful man- ner. A very large and choice stock is carried, comprising everything in the line of ladies' dresses and cloaks, ladies' furnishing goods of endless variety, millinery, fancy goods, and in fact everything in the way of ladies' wear- ing apparel. Mr. Marcus has had some years of experience in this line, and is fully alive to the demands of his ever-increas- ing trade, fully capable of supplying it in every particular. This gentleman without a doubt is entitled to the claim of having the finest store and stock of his kind this side of Delaware' s Industries. 25 Wilmington, and well merits the confidence and esteem in which his services are held, by supplying the best product at the lowest figures. Miss M. M. Smith, MiLLrNERv and Fancy Goods. In nothing is the average lady more difficult to please than in the choice of a bonnet. .It must just suit her taste, or else she will not be entirely satisfied, and when once suited the chances are in favor of her dealing with the same house which shows her these favors. Perhaps the best known milliner in town is the lady whose name heads this article. Establishing business here about four years ago, from the first she has been most suc- cessful, due to enterprise and a fine line of goods. The premises are located on Loockerman street. They are neatly and attractively fitted, with a workroom in the rear. A large and carefully selected assortment of ladies' hats and bonnets is shown, besides all kinds of ribbons, trimmings, notions, and fancy goods generally. A specialty is made of trimming bonnets and hats to order in the latest metropolitan styles. Several skilled assistants are employed in this department. Miss Smith has become quite familiar with this business, and is capable of suiting the most fastidious, A native of Maryland, but a resident here for nearly a lifetime, she is well and favorably known in social and trade circles. Arthur R. Boyle, Watchmaker and Jeweler, 15 Loockerman Street. There are but few better or more favorably known houses of this nature in this section than that of Mr. A. 26 Delaware' s Industries. R. Boyle. This gentleman started business here about six years ago, and has through his ability and energy built up a steady patronage. The store is situated at No. 15 Lockerman street. It is of ample size and is nicely arranged in the most attract- ive manner. A very large stock is carried, comprising all the best makes of gold and silver watches, clocks, jewelry, silverware, and optical goods of every description. Mr. Boyle is a thoroughly practical man in this line, and makes a specialty of repairing, all work being neatly and promptly done. The repairing department is under his personal supervision, thus qualified to give satisfaction in every particular. Mr. Boyle is, like many of our most successful business men, a foreigner by birth, but had lived in New York some time before coming to Dover. Since establishing here he has won for himself the respect of the community by en- terprise and executive ability. Formerly a member of the National Guard, and holding the commission of Lieuten- ant-Colonel, First Regiment, Dover, he two years ago resigned this position, and now holds the esteem of mar- tial as well as commercial circles. William Moncur, Bakery. Bread has been called the "staff of life," and indeed it is, for where is the family who does not consume large quantities of the commodity ? One of the best and most favorably known bakers in this town is Mr. William Mon- cur. This gentleman started business here a little more than a year ago, and has already built up quite a large patronage. Delaware' s Industries. 27 The premises are located on Loockerman street. They are of ample size and fitted in a first-class manner. Noth- ing but the best materials are used, which produce the finest quality product. Bread, pies, biscuits, plain and fancy cakes are made ; a full stock of confectionery and candy is also kept. Ice cream and water ices are also served. A specialty is made of serving families, balls, parties, weddings, etc. Mr. Moncur is a native of Scotland, but has been in this country two years, since which time he has become well known in his channels of trade. Clarke & McDaniel, Druggists. Perhaps the best and most favorably known establish- ment of this character is that of Messrs. Clarke & Mc- Daniel. This business was started in 1879 under the same title. The premises are located at No. 25 Loockerman street. They are of ample proportions and fitted in a most com- modious manner. A very large stock of all kinds of fresh and pure drugs, chemicals, patent medicines, fancy toilet articles, soaps, perfumery and sponges, etc. , are kept. The laboratoiy is in the rear. This department is under the personal supervision of the proprietors themselves — both analytical and synthetical chemists of experience, and are thus qualified to pursue this critical avocation to the entire confidence of the community. A specialty is made of school stationery and school books, all text books being obtainable here. In addition to the above business the firm are also agents for the Adams Express Company, packages being forwarded to all points of this and foreign countries. 28 Delaware' s Industries. H. REEDY. Delaware' s industries. 29 The members of the firm are E. L. Clarke and Harry McDaniel. They have both passed the Delaware State Board of Pharmacy, and are thoroughly competent drug- gists. H. Reedy, the Largest Boot and Shoe House. It was formerly almost impossible to obtain a good shoe ready-made, but owing to the many improvements in machinery and stock, it is now useless to buy custom-made shoes. Among the large dealers devoting his energies to the sale of ready-made shoes may be mentioned Mr. H, Reedy. This gentleman started business in this city about fifteen years ago in a comparatively small way, but through his activity and energy the trade has, however, greatly in- creased, until the business is the largest of its kind in this section. The store is located on Loockerman street. It is of ample size, and is in every respect fitted in the neatest and most complete manner. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising a large as- sortment of the best makes of boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers for men, ladies and misses. Hats and caps and rubber goods of all kinds are also sold. Mr. Reedy has been a life-long resident of this State, and is widely known as an enterprising merchant. He is a member of the Masons and is a Knight Templar. He has also held official honors, having been chosen President of Councils, the highest executive position in the town gov- ernment, and is now the President of the Board of Trade organized this month. Mr. Reedy fulfilled the many capacities of his positions to the entire satisfaction of the community and his constituents. 30 Delaware' s Industries. Prettyman Bros., Dealers in Boots and Shoes. It was formerly almost impossible to obtain a good shoe ready made, but owing to the many improvements made by the manufacturers the best quality of shoes can now be purchased ready made. Among the larger and the finest shoe stores in this town is that of Messrs. Prettyman Bros. These gentlemen started business here about eight years ago, and have been most successful, due to consistent business methods and a fine line of goods. The store is located on Loockerman street. It is of amjjle size, and is in every way fitted in the most attrac- tive manner. A heavy stock of boots, shoes, rubbers, slippers and foot wear generally is carried for ladies, misses, children and men's wear, from the most substantial brogan to the finest house slipper. Custom work is also done in the most carelul manner. This department is supplied with the requisite and skilled workmen. The individual members of the fiim are Messrs. Chas. B. and Clarence Prettyman, both of whom are fully familiar with this branch of commercial pursuit, and thus capable of supplying all demands that may be made upon them. Since founding here they have won the esteem of a fine, substantial trade, and are recognized reliable dealers. J. C. WiNDOLPH, Boots and Shoes. One of the oldest and best known establishments of this character in this town is that of Mr. J. C. Windolph. Delaware' s Industries. 31 This business was originally established many years ago by the father of the present owner. After successfully man- aging it for thirty years, he turned it over to his son, who has been here for ten years past. The premises are located on Loockerman street. They are of ample proportions and fitted in the neatest and most commodious manner witli every tool and appliance requi- site for the pursuance of this craft. Formerly a large stock was carried, but of late years custom work and repairing has been the main part of the business, and in this department the proprietor is equipped with facilities and experience sufficient to cater to a first- class trade. Mr. Windolph has spent nearly all his business career in this line, and is thoroughly practical in every depart- ment. He is an active member of the Robbins Hose Co., the Order of Tonti, and is Second Lieutenant of Co. D, of Dover ; well known in martial as well as social circles. He commands the esteem of those with whom he forms business and social relations. D. A. Lawson, Meat and Provision Market. The consumption of a certain quantity of meat is nec- essary to the preservation of health, and it is desirable that only the best quality be eaten. One of the best dealers in this line in the town is Mr. D. A. Lawson. This gentle- man started business here about eight years ago, and through his activity and energy has built up a large patron- age. The store is located on Loockerman street. It is of ample size, and is i^^ every way fitted in the most coramo- 32 Delaware' s Industries. dious manner, a large refrigerator being used for storage purposes and the preservation of meats. Here may be found at all times a large assortment of the choicest cuts of beef, mutton, veal, lamb and pork. All meat sold is killed under the immediate supervision of Mr. Lawson, who is a practical butcher, and can thus vouch for the health and purity of his stock. Fruits, vegetables, butter and eggs, and all kinds of provisions, as well as spices, pure and free from adulteration, Mr. Lawson is a native of this state, and is an active member of Post 3, G. A. R., having fought in the Third Delaware Regiment for more than three years during the late war. He is also a member of the Fraternal Guardians. W. E. Smith, Funeral Director and Furniture Dealer. Perhaps the best and most favorably known merchant of this class is Mr. W. E. Smith. This gentleman started business in 1870, and through his energy and enterprise he has built up quite an extensive trade. The premises are of ample size, being about 20x40 feet in dimensions and two stories in height, with two large storage rooms in the rear. Here may be found a very large and choice assortment of bed room, parlor, kitchen, dining room and office furniture, besides all kinds of fancy brackets and cabinet work. Bedding and mattresses are also kept. A special feature is the undertaking department. Every facility is at hand for the prosecution of this busi. ness, and no lack of attention paid to details. Mr. Smith is a practical embalmer and a prominent advocate of the Delaware' s Industries. 33 scientific treatment of bodies. Giving his personal atten- tion to this branch of the trade, he is qualified to ensure the utmost confidence and satisfaction. The subject of this review has been a resident of this town for nearly half a century. He is an active Mason and a member of the B. and L, Association.. During the late crisis in this country he enlisted in the First Delaware Cavalry, and was soon raised to Quarter- master Sergeant, a position which he held for three years. He commands the esteem of the trade world as a reliable dealer. D. C. Montgomery, Jr., Dealer in General Mer- chandise. Among the new stores that have opened in this vicin- ity during the past year, none give promise of greater suc- cess than that of Mr. D. C. Montgomery, Jr. This gen- tleman established business in this town some four years ago, and has occupied his present quarters since September, 1890. Thus far he has received every evidence of con- tinued patronage, due to consistent business principles and a fine quality of goods. The store is located on Loockerman street. It is of ample size, being about 25x80 feet in dimensions, and two floors are used. It is newly fitted in oak, and is, without doubt, the most beautiful store in Dover. The first floor is devoted to dry goods, dress goods, notions, ladies' and men's furnishing goods, and all kinds of fancy and staple groceries, queensvvare, etc., while on the second floor a very choice selection of carpets, wiltons, moquettes, brussels, rugs, mats, oil cloth and linoleum is carried. 34 Delaware' s Industries. Mr. Montgomery is a young and enterprising business man, and he is rapidly pushing his business to the front. He has been a resident of this town for twelve years past, and is very well known. First Assistant Chief of the Fire Department, he com- mands the esteem of trade as well as social circles. A. Leiberman, clothing. Geo, M. Donnelly, plumber, Wm. T. Kellum, machinist. Thos. E. Oskins, cigars. Jno. Carrow, men's furnishings. J. D. Deane, cigars. J. E. Phillips, cigars. Jos. Levi, clothier. Bayard House. J, H, Hazel & Bro., meat market. J. G. Lewis, butcher. Wm. Y. Boone, grocer, Downes & Co., millinery. J, E. Betts, general merchandise. T. M. Gooden, general merchandise. Mrs. L. B, Bunn, notions. J. J. Scanlon, grocer. T. Scanlon, cigars, E, P, Willis, general merchandise. Jos. Weehrs, baking. W. F. Christopher, groceries. Harry A. Behen, general merchandise. Hazel & Penniwell, lumber yard. J. Behen, Jr., general merchandise. Delaware" s Industries. 35 Thos. J. Stevenson, grocer. Frank McCue, harness. G. T. Harris, cigars. C. L. Christopher, confectionery. J. T. Carter, boots and shoes. A. B. Carter, meats. W. F. Collins, grocer. Banner Bros., farming implements. 36 Delaware' s Industries. MILFORD. The largest and most prominent town south of Dover, It is situated on the Misphelion river, which divides into two portions, the larger portion being in Kent county, while the smaller is in Sussex. The railroad facilities are very good, it being located on the Delaware, Maryland and Virginia branch of the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Bal- timore Railroad. The government consists of three Commissioners from each hundred and a Chief Magistrate. Previous to 1867 the river furnished the only transportation. In that year the railroad was opened, and since then this town has had a continuous and steady increase. It is well lighted with gas, and an electric plant has been lately added. Ship building and canning are the principal manufacturing industries, three firms being en- gaged in the former branch. Two weekly newspapers are in operation, and the First National Bank of Milford is one of the strongest in the State. Two good schools and six churches of prominent denominations are located here. The city is one of the Republican strongholds of the State, the population being about 3,500; and without doubt Mil- ford is one of the most progressive and best towns in the State. It is the shipping point of a large number of peach orchards, and is the objective point of all purchasers of this delicious fruit. Delaware' s Industries. 2n Central Hotel. F. H. Kramlich, Proprietor. In the Central Hotel, Mil ford has a hotel sec- ond to none in this section, fitted up to the most ad- vanced modern standard, and in every way reflecting credit on the able management. Mr. Kramlich has been a resident of Milford as the proprietor of the Central Hotel for about three years. He brings to bear special qualifications, uniting practical ex- perience to perfected facilities, and has thoroughly mas- tered the art of modern hotel-keeping. The Central Hotel is a commodious structure since the brick addition has been built to the old portion of the house, which has been established for over fifty years, and is the oldest hotel Ih the town. The new addition is a four story building, the dimen- sions in all about 100x50 feet. There is a sample room attached, where none but the finest liquors and cigars are kept. In the rear of the hotel is also a livery stable for the accommodation of guests with their own teams; about thirty-six bed rooms in all and heated throughout and thoroughly lighted by incandescent electric lights. Mr. Kramlich can accommodate about fifty guests, and in the prosecution of the busmess upwards of ten assistants are employed. A skilled and experienced pur- veyor, the proprietor secures the best products in the mar- ket to fill the bill of fare. Mr. F. H. Kramlich is a native of Lehigh county. Pa., and his hotel is directly centrally located, while his own coach connects with all trains. He is progressive in what is the most difficult branch of business to conduct, and has maintained this house at a high standard of excel- lence. 38 Delaware' s Industries. J. H. Deputy, Dry Goods, Notions, Etc. The dry goods store par excellence of the town of Milford is the spacious and handsome emporium of J. H. Deputy, which occupies an eligible location at 14 Walnut street, and is in all respects one of the finest leading and best appointed dry goods, notion and trimming establish- ments south of Wilmington. Here is always displayed an unusually fine and complete assortment of everything in the line indicated above. The stores, which are 24x50 feet in dimension, two in all, are replete with the latest novelties in rich dress stuff, lace fabrics, ladies', children's and gentlemen's underwear and feminine fiaery of every description. An extensive line of calicoes of domestic and European production, chintzes, chenilles, woolens, cottons, striped, colored, plain and fancy goods, trimmings and notions of all descriptions — no inferior goods being placed in stock, and patrons are as- sured of receiving honest value and satisfactory treatment in every instance in this deservedly popular store. Mr. Deputy is a native of Delaware, represents the in- terest in a number of vessels built in this section, and in other ways is identified with the commercial interests of Milford, commanding the esteem of business circles as an enterprising merchant. W. P. CuLLEN, Stoves, Heaters, Ranges, Etc. Among the tin and sheetiron workers in the town of Milford we must not fail to mention Mr. W. P. Cullen, who began business on his own account some twenty years ago, in other territory. After some changes he located here at his present quarters eight years ago; after having Delaware's Industries. 39 become thoroughly and practically familiar with tinsmith- ing in all its branches, and is thoroughly master of its every detail, he is prepared to meet the demands of the trade. The shop, which is located on the second story, over the store, is fully equipped with the latest improved ma- chinery and apparatus for manufacturing tin and sheetiron goods of all kinds and descriptions. The store contains an excellent stock of stoves, heaters, ranges and household utensils made from sheet metal. Mr. Cullen also does a large business in manufactur- ing and laying of tin roofs and repairing and repainting the same ; in fact all kinds of tin and sheet iron jobbing and repair work are promptly attended to, and satisfaction guaranteed in every case, as all work emanating from the premises is under the personal supervision of the proprie- tor himself. Mr. Cullen is a native of Delaware, a Notary Public, and Justice of the Peace. The store is about 20x30 feet in dimensions. Since establishing here he has proven himself an extensive and influential business man. E. HoLSON, Flour, Feed, Etc. A prominent establishment engaged in the flour and feed business is that of Mr. E. Holson, whose establish- ment is eligibly located and of commodious size. Mr. Holson has been in business at the present location for four years. A nice slock is constantly carried, comprising family flour, meal, corn, oats, rye, wheat, buckwheat — in fact everything in the leed business ; hay and straw, loose and baled, as well as lime for builders' and other purposes. The trade is widespread and growing. All transactions of 40 Delaware's Industries. Delaware' s Industries. 41 the house aie characterized by liberality and equity, Mr. Holson leaving no means undone that will in any way cater to the interest of his patrons. The store is 20x20 feet in dimensions, and a large stock is carried. Mr. Holson gives his close personal at- tention to his business and has maintained a high reputa- tion for superior goods and straightforward, honorable dealing. T. Hammersley, Drugs, School Supplies, Wall Papers, Paints, Etc. The importance of the druggist profession is apparent to every person of any ordinary intelligence, and the con- stant occurrence of mishaps which are sometimes fatal render it imperatively necessary that the business in every community should be in the hands of those who are thor- oughly qualified by experience, education, and reliability of character. Among the houses which have earned a deservedly high reputation for first-class goods and a liberal business management in the town is that of T. F. Hammersley, a native of Delaware and an oldtime resident, having been in business at his [^resent location for nearly thirty years, and has actively been engaged. His store is of ample dimensions, and nicely fur- nished. He keeps a full and complete line of drugs and druggists* sundries of every description, patent and propri- etary remedies, toilet articles, etc. Special attention is paid to filling physicians' prescriptions. Several qualified assistants are employed under the proprietor's personal supervision. 42 Delaware' s hidustnes. A line of hardware, guns, ammunition, etc., as well as a heavy line of wall papers, from the plain to the most elaborate designs, school books of every kind, stationery and school supplies, as well as Lucas' paints, oils, glass, etc. A feature of the establishment is doing business on a cash basis ; the proprietor is thus enabled to produce a better class of goods at a consistently popular price. The store is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, with neat and clean stock. Mr. Hammersley was the cashier of the State bank for many years, and enjoys the confidence of all with whom he has business relations. Mrs. a. Jump, Millinery, Etc. Another enterprise which holds a respective position in the business world of Milford is that of Mrs. A. Jump, who in her special line has also gained pre-eminence. The establishment is eligibly located, and as Mrs. Jump has been in business for a number of years, is favor- ably known. She originally started twenty-four years ago, and has been successful in gaining the favor of the public and in building up quite a patronage. The store is of ample size, being about 20x30 feet in dimensions, and at all times, tastefully displayed, can be seen a full line of millinery, hats and bonnets, trimmed and untrimmed ; also all kinds of milliners' trimmings, a large assortment of choice goods at very low prices can always be obtained; also a beautiful stock of fancy goods in great variety and of every description, Mrs. Jump is a native of England, but a resident of Delaware for forty-two years, and has employed, beside her- self, two girls who assist in making all manner of beautiful things requisite to female finery. Delaware' s hidustnes. 43 A. Smith, Groceries and Provisions. As a great deal depends upon the character of our grocery houses as to the value and purity of the food sup- ply, it is accordingly a pleasure to notice grocery establish- ments of such high character and repute as that of the gentleman whose name heads this article. The business here is prosecuted in a straightforward and successful business manner, and for seven years this gentleman has occupied the present site. The house has grown from small beginnings to its present proportions. The system and regularity of everything within the store, the amount of business accomplished, the careful at- tention shown, and the low prices impress his patrons who call here with a feeling of confidence and satisfaction; the aim of the house has always been to advance the interests of its patronS; and supply every demand of a first- class trade in staple and fancy groceries and general food products, cigars and tobacco. Mr. Smith is a native of Delaware, and is also a mem- ber of the firm of Smith & Johnson, brick manufacturers in Milford, and stands high with the community, and with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. Mrs. S. E. Hudson, Millinery, Etc. A leading representative enterprise which holds a re- spective position in the business world in its special line is is that of Mrs. S. E. Hudson, whose millinery parlor is eligibly located and of ample size. Mrs. Hudson has been in business at this present location for nine years, during which time she has been successful in gaining the favor of the public and in building up a patronage of the most desirable character. 44 Delaware' s Industries. The premises occupied comprise a store 15x25 feet in dimensions, and at all times can be seen in this establish- ment a full line of millinery, hats and bonnets, trimmed and untrimmed; also all kinds of millinery trimmings, notions, fancy goods in large variety. A very large stock is carried, and an elegant display of trimmed hats and bonnets and millinery goods of all kinds are at hand for the execution of orders. Special attention is paid to this department, and no lack of attention is bestowed upon the demands of the most fastidious. All the leading metropolitan styles are here regarded. Mrs. Hudson is a native of Delaware and is highly regarded in commercial circles for her business ability and integrity. J. W. Adkins, Groceries and Provisions. One of the best stocked establishments in the town, and in fact carrying the largest stock of grcceries and pro- visions of any store this side of Wilmington, is that of Mr. J. W. Adkins, who has been in business at his present location for twenty-five years, being the first to establish an exclusive grocery business in the town, and has always sustamed the highest reputation as a purchasing centre for strictly first-class goods. The premises occupied comprise a spacious and com- modious store 35x40 feet in dimensions, and completely equipped with all the accessories essential to the satisfac- tory conduct of the business. The stock carried embraces every description of staple and fancy groceries, teas, coffees, sugars, spices, can- ned goods, family flour, etc., and provisions of all des- Delaware' s Industries. 45 criptions. Popular prices prevail in this establishment ; polite and attentive clerks attend promptly to orders. Mr. Adkins is a native of Delaware, of wide expe- rience, eminent popularity and sterling worth, with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. W. W. Prettyman, Manufacturer of Harness, Etc. There is no house in this city identified with the har- ness and saddlery manufacture and trade that takes higher rank than that of Mr. W. W. Prettyman, manufacturer ot harness, saddlery and stable supplies. The business ot this concern was founded twenty-five years ago. , This is the oldest and finest harness establishment in the town. The establishment is thoroughly equipped ^vith all appliances pertaining to the business. The salesroom is well appointed, and here are displayed saddles, bridles and harness, as well as novelties in horsefurnishing goods of all descriptions. The business is conducted on a one price plan, and numbers among its patrons the best people in this section, and horseowners for miles around. In all respects this es- tablishment stands A i in its line of trade. Mr. Prettyman is a native of Delaware and a thor- oughly practical man. Mrs. K. Weeks, Millinery, Etc. Identified with the business prosperity of Milford, Mrs. K. Weeks' popular store is one of the largest and most prosperous houses in the town. It was founded six years ago. 46 Delaware' s Industries. This lady is always pursuing a conservative business system and a liberal policy of trade toward her patrons and the public. The success she enjoys is due to these facts. The store, which is large and commodious, is eligibly located and presents the ample dimensions of 18x47 feet. It is conspicuous by handsome show windows, and its inte- rior decoration is neat and attractive. The stock is extensive, consisting of all the new and fashionable styles in dress goods, silks, white goods, linens, laces, fancy goods, notions, trimmings, furnishings, etc. ; also making a specialty of millinery and millinery trim- mings. The latter branch of the business has been added in the last three years. Mrs. Weeks is a native of New York State. Since establishing here she has won the esteem and confidence ot all who know her by her integrity and business prin- ciples. J. P. Steward, Hats, Caps, Shoes, Etc. This gentleman began business here five years ago. This is undoubtedly the finest and most attractive and best stocked establishment to be found in the town. The salesroom has a width of twenty feet and a depth of forty feet, and its fittings are of the most artistic character. Here a magnificent display is made of hats and caps suitable for all seasons. As the stock is frequently replenished, it is at all times representative of all that is novel, stylish and popular in hats and caps of every ma- terial, design, or shape, as is also his stock of men's, women's and children's boots, shoes, gaiters, etc. The stock is Delaware' s J7idustries. 47 extensive and complete in every description, this being the only store devoting its energies to the sale of boots, shoes and hats exclusively. Mr. Steward is a native of Delaware, and a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Being popular in business circles, he is recognized as a reliable dealer. S. C. Evans, Watchmaker and Jeweler. One of the finest and oldest jewelry establishments in Milford is that of S. C. Evans. As to prices, quality, and general comprehensiveness of stock we know of no place where such substantial inducements are offered to the public. The business was founded thirty-one years ago. Mr. Evans is a practical and skillful watchmaker and jew- eler, and early developed a growing trade and influential connections. As the town grew, so did his business, and it is the most prominent establishment of the kind in this section of the State. The premises occupied comprise a handsome store, 20x40 feet in dimensions, elegantly fitted up, a credit alike to his enterprise and ability. Here is carried a reli- able and judiciously selected stock of jewelry, watches, precious stones and personal adornments generally. Re- pairing of watches and jewelry is a special feature, and in this department several skillful assistants are contantly employed to further the interests of the patron. The business here is conducted on the principles of equity and enterprise. Mr. Evans is a native of Delaware and a thoroughly practical man, commanding the respect and esteem of the community. 48 Delaware' s Industries. William Roach, Barber. One of the many vocations which insures patronage by appearances and ability is that of the trade of a barber. Mr. Roach has been in this business at his present location for six years, and constant attention to business and natural ability and a pleasing manner have won for himself the es- teem and confidence of his numerous patrons, who delight in the feeling of satisfaction which is fully warranted after having had a first-class shave or hair cut. The tonsorial parlor of Mr. Roach is eligibly located and of attractive appearance, being of commodious size and neat and clean in appearance. This is a commendable feature of the establishment. Here is displayed a generous supply of cups, show- ing his patronage to be of a first-class character. To obviate the necessity of long and disagreeable waits, two comfortable chairs, of the best make, are in use. A practical man, his patrons can be assured to obtain satisfaction. He is well and favorably known to a select trade. E. Geilinger, Baker. A leading and representative bakery in this town is that of E. Geilinger, whose place of business is eligibly located and of ample size, being about 20x60 feet in dimensions, the bake-house in the rear. Mr. Geilinger has been in business at his present location for nine years, having succeeded Mr. J. H. Appel, who had been engaged in the business for several years. This business has be- come a prominent feature in the mercantile activity of the town. Delaware' s Industries. 49 Mr. Geilinger is a baker of the highest order of abil- ity and experience, and who is thoroughly competent to execute the very best class of work, consisting of Vienna bread, for which the bakery is noted; pies, plain and fancy cakes, etc., ice cream in season; large quantities of this delicious refreshment is made ; also confectionery of all kinds. The-e goods are made on the premises, from pure and fresh stock, and sold all over the peninsula and surround- ing territory, two wagons being kept constantly on the road. The stock carried is large, fresh and wholesome, being the largest line of these goods manufactured this side of Wilmington. The trade is wholesale and retail. A fine ice cream parlor is on the second floor. The store is very attractively and tastefully arranged, and no lack of attention and facilities are at hand to sup- ply a large and "select trade. Thi--. Peninsula "News and Advertiser." H. L. Hynson, Editor and Publisher. While reviewing the commercial enterprises and in- terests of Milford, it is necessary to do justice to those establishments which have done so much to benefit all classes by the dissemination of the prodycts of the print- ing press. In this connection we desire to make special reference in this commercial review to Mr. H. L. Hynson, the en- terprising and able publisher of the Peninsula News and Advertiser. 50 Delaware's Industries. Mr. Ilynson is editor and publisher of the oldest paper in this portion of the State. It is a four-page paper devoted to advertising and local news. The circulation is about 1,200, extending all over the State. It was estab- lished in 1857, and has obtained a liberal and influential patronage in all sections of the State. Mr Hynson, the editor, also holds a clerkship in the Navy Department at Washington. Mr. Robert H. Oilman is at present business manager of the paper, which is Republican in principles, and has in its possession a press that Horace Greeley gave ^25.00 to- ward the purchase of, for the sake of having a journal in this State. Both gentlemen connected with this journal are highly esteemed by the community for their enterprise and literary talents and integrity. Pierce & Cavmean, Hardware, Etc. The widely-known and representative hardware house of Pierce & Cavmein was originally established in 1886. It has always enjoyed an honorable and successful business career. The premises, which comprise two stores, are unusu- ally large, spacious, and commodious, being 45x80 feet in all. The facilities and conveniences provided for the pur- poses of the business are of the best possible character The assortment of goods in the stock embraces a wide range of builders' and housekeeping hardware, cutlery, mechanics' tools, nails, shelf goods, housefurnishing ar- ticles, tinware, and all modern styles of stoves, ranges, heaters, etc. ; also guns and ammunition, oils and paints. Delaware's Industries. 51 These gentlemen, James P. Pierce and John P. Cav- mean, enjoy superior facilities for the procurement of sup- plies, and the assortment is always full and complete, and the goods handled represent the productions of the best known manufacturers. Popular prices prevail, and busi- ness is flourishing and brisk. Both gentlemen are natives of this section, and are liberally patronized by a good, substantial class of cus- tomers. David Lank & Son, Shipbuilders. A business of great importance to the commercial in- terests of Milford is that of David Lank & Son, which has been established thirty-five years. The son, W. E. Lank, was taken into the firm this year. The premises occupied for this industry occupy an acre and a half of ground, and are about 500 feet from the Misphelion river. There are two uncompleted vessels now on the stocks. This concern builds nothing but wooden vessels for coasting trade, tug boats, etc.; also repair- ing of all descriptions. The firm employs about twenty-eight men. Mr. David Lank has built about forty vessels during his business career. The vessels are principally for Philadelphia and New Jersey patrons. The members of the firm are both natives of Dela- ware. The elder is the oldest shipbuilder in the town. The firm has always been one of strict integrity and busi- ness principles, and has the confidence and esteem of all with whom it has dealings. 52 Delaware' s Industries. Wm. H. Davis, Butcher and Dealer. During the past twenty-four years Mr. Wm. H. Davis has been favorably known as one of the most popular builders in this town, and is doing a fine business, supply- ing a widespread demand, maintaining a high reputation for choice, nutritious, wholesome roasts, ribs, steaks, etc., of a quality which may be safely denominated superior. He has had considerable experience as a butcher, and caters to the best class of custom. Indefatigable in his endeavors to j^lease all dealing with him, Mr. Davis' facilities for obtaining the ucst are all that could be desired, and he never fails to give satisfac- tion as to quality and prices, always ready to fill all orders that may be made upon him. Tiie store is of ample size, being 20x20 feet in di- mensions, with a la-ge refrigerator. Mr. Davis deals also in hides and furs. This is a prominent feature of the busi- ness. He is a native of Delaware, and deserves the success at- tained by his energy and consistent business principles. Chas. Holzmueller, Barber. The leadmg establishment of its kind is that of Mr. Holzmueller, who began business at this location, Walnut street, at the bridge, four years ago. This is undoubtedly the finest and most attractive tonsorial establishment in this town. It has a width of twenty five feet and depth of twenty- five feet, and its fittings and furnishings are of artistic and elegant character. This is a first-class shaving and hair cutting saloon. Delaware' s hidusb'ies. 53 Mr. Holzmueller and his assistants are thoroughly practical men at their trade, and enjoy the confidence and esteem of the many patrons. Mr. Holzmueller makes a specialty of children's hair cutting. The large bulk windows of the establishment are filled with many pretty plants and flowers, and are a source of streaming light to the convenience of both ar- tists and patron. Mr, Holzmueller is a native of Germany, but a resi- dent of this country many years; a member of Odd Fel- lows. He is, personally, a pleasant gentleman and highly indorsed by a select patronage, whose confidence he has won by his abilities and affable demeanor. Jas. a. Layton, General Merchandise. One of the best stocked establishments in this town is that of Mr. Jas. A. Layton, which was established by its present proprietor nine years ago, having been in business formerly at Magnolia. Mr. Layton has always sustained the highest of repu- tations as a purchasing centre for strictly first-class goods. The premises occupied comprise a commodious store, 20x50 feet in dimension. The stock carried embraces every description of staple and fancy groceries, teas, cof- fees, sugars, spices, free from dust or deleterious substances; canned goods, preserves, kitchen, table and laundry sup- plies, family flour, etc. Also dry goods and notions of all description. Also a full line of carpets of all kinds and patterns, in fact quite a neat and general stock of mer- chandise, at the most popular prices, prompt attention being paid to all orders. Mr. Layton is a native of Delaware, and is held in the highest esteem as a reliable dealer. 54 Delaware's Industries. W. H. White & Bro., undertakers. J. L. Wooters, clothing. Hammond & Emiris, boots and shoes. E. M. Schockley, grocer. Jos. i). Salmon, grocer. H. L. Paige, druggist. Mrs, R A. White, millinery. S. Sparklin, flour and feed. H. C. Bennett, cigars. B. Hirsch, clothing. J. W. Truitt, dry goods. S. Arnold, clothing. B. D. Anderson, grocer. W. A. Humes, hardware, Wm. Viereck, baker. Frank Reedy, boots and shoes. D. Reis. A. Jacobs, meats. Barnard Schubatzki. Wm. J. Morgan, oysters. Dr. G. W. Marshall, druggist. Dr. A. Pratt, physician. J. B. Cannon, butcher. Dorsey House. First National Bank. G. H. Hall & Co., general merchandise. D. H. Holland, general merchandise. Milford Chronicle, Theo. Towsen, editor. Alex Pullin, nurseries. Delaware's Industries, 55 NEW CASTLE. The oldest settlement in the State, containing many old landmarks. It was first settled in 1656 by the Swedes, and it was here that Wm. Penn first landed, and 1687 ^^ built a house, which is still in existence. It was formerly the county seat of New Castle county, but in 1880 it was changed to Wilmington. In 1875 i^ ^^^5 incorporated as a city. It has gas and water works, both of which are under the control of the local government; three hotels, the Farmers' Bank, a branch of the Wilmington Farmers' Bank; a weekly newspaper, the Star, and seven churches of the leading denominations, be- sides a number of prominent secret societies. '1 he main industries of the city are the works of the Delaware Iron Company, a Philadelphia organization, and a branch of the William Lea Milling Company of Wil- mington. The city is situated on the Delaware River, which affords the best water transportation, a daily line of steam- ers running, and on the Delaware Division of the Philadel- phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, thirty-four mile? from Philadelphia and six/rom Wilmington. The chief executive officer is a Mayor and a Board of Councils, the population being about 2,500. 56 Delaware' s Industries. Edward W. Handy, Dealer in Stoves, Etc. This business was established ten years ago by Mr. Edward Handy, who is a practical and expert workman. All operations are conducted under his personal supervis- ion, thus insuring to patrons only such work as will with- stand the most critical tests, both in regard to materials used and the construction. The premises occupied are of ample size, being about 20x30 feet in size, with the workshop in the rear, which is supplied with all the improved tools requisite in this line of business, tin roofing, spouting and general sheet iron work being done. This house has no superior io this town or elsewhere for quality of materials, finish, strength and workmanship. A native of Delaware, the subject of this article well merits the measure of success attending his efforts to pro- duce the best class of goods at a minimum of cost. Through his practical knowledge of the business he is surpassed by none. His stock of stoves and tinware is extensive. A member of the order of Masons and other organizations, and is well thought of by his patrons and friends every- where. C. H. Clewell, Dealer in Furniture and Under- taker. No review of the representative features of New Castle would be complete without suitable reference being made to the establishment of Mr. Clewell, of Delaware street, which is the largest and most complete in New Castle. Mr. Clewell has become well known as a funeral direc- tor of ability, and has developed quite a large influence in Delaware' s hidiistries. 57 this line by virtue of personal attention to detail and every careful consideration. In connection with this the furni- ture business is also prosecuted. Establishing business at this location six years ago, and by consistent business methods, has been steadily en- larging his facilities and connections. The place is about 20x40 feet in dimensions, and con- tains a large display of furniture of all description; bed room and dining room suits, parlor, kitch.en and office furniture, chairs and tables, bedding, etc., may be had at low rates. Mr. Clewell manufactures his own caskets in the rear of the store, where all the facilities are at hand. All kinds of robes, shrouds and mountings are here displayed. Spe- cial attention is paid to embalming the remains. A native of Pennsylvania and a member of the Odd Fellows and Red Men, Mr. Clewell, in the highest de- gree, renders his joint business ventures permanently rep- resentative, and is regarded as a worthy citizen of this Commonwealth. J. T Stoops, Manufacturer of Harness and Dealer IN Hardware and Turf Goods, The importance of such an establishment as this can readily be seen by all persons who will give the matter a moment's consideration. Perhaps the largest and best house of this nature in this section of the country is that of Mr. J. T. Stoops. This gentleman opened business in this city about nine years ago at Sixth and Delaware streets, and one year ago came to the Opera House building. 58 Delaware' s Industries. His premises here consist of a commodious store in that building. It is well fitted in the most attractive man- ner, with every convenience tending toward the betterment of business. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising a large and complete assortment of iJl kinds of building and shelf hardware, cutlery, pocket and table goods, tools, guns, sporting goods and ammunition, and without a doubt the finest line of hardware and agricultural tools in this sec- tion. All kinds of horse furnishings are also kept, har- ness and saddles of every description made to order in the best manner, single and double, mounted and plain har- ness, A specialty is made of trunks, satchels and leather goods, wall papers of all kinds and varieties constantly being kept in stock, lamps and lamp goods, fancy brack- ets, wall ornaments, wood moulding, etc. Mr. Stoops is a native of this State, and has become very widely known and respected by a large community in this district. Jno. a. Walls, Meat Market. In order to sustain life and health a certain amount oi animal food is necessary, and it is desirable that we obtain nothing but the best quality of meat. To do this we must deal with a first-class house. The best known in this city is that of Mr. Jno. A. Walls. This gentleman established the meat business about four years ago, and has, through his energy and ability, built up quite an extensive patronage. The store is located under the old City Hall. It is of ample size and is in every respect first-class; nothing but the Delaware' s Industries. 59 best quality of meat is sold, comprising beef, mutton, lamb, veal, corned beef, ham, salt pork, shoulders, bologna, half smoked sausage; also poultry and fresh pork, fish and game in season. Mr. Walls has a credit system by means of which he is enabled to collect the larger portion of his bills weekly. This, however, is not his sole business. A commercial feature that he prosecutes very extensively is the fish busi- ness, which he has perpetrated for the past eight years. During the season upwards of 82,000 shad are handled, sold and shipped to every portion of Delaware, Virginia, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and New York. These goods are handled on commission, and as an advocate of this business there is scarcely a better known man in the busi- ness than Mr. Walls; sometimes as high as six skilled fishermen are employed to seine the finny dweller of the waters. Those in quest of anything in this line would consult their own interest by corresponding with him. Another of the various mercantile pursuits in which Mr. Walls is engaged is that of auctioneer for the public or private sale of articles of merchandise, stock, m ple- ments, household goods, etc.; now supervising a building operation, a new store and dwelling will be put to use in some mercantile venture by this enterprising gentleman; and were we to note the various individual objects he pursues, whether of a business or a literary character, would require more space than we can command. Mr. Walls was born in Maryland, but has been a resident of this section for eigl t years. A member of the Masonic Fraternity, the K. of P., I. O. O. F. and the I. O. of R. M., he commands the esteem and confidence of social as well as business circles. 6o Delaware' s Industries. Wm. J, Hunter, Marble Yard. With the increase in regard to the wealth and busi- ness prosperity of this part of the country comes an in- creased demand for art in all manner of stone work for the inclosure of lots and monuments, as well as for building purposes. In this business, as he is the only one interested here at New Castle, may be mentioned Mr. Wm, J. Hunter, who es- tablished at the present locf^tion four years ago. He has a large place for the display of his handiwork. The workshop is about 30x150 feet in dimensions and fitted out with all the tools and appliances known to the trade. There is quite a stock of stone which has not had a stonecutter's tool at it, besides the many pieces of work almost finished, outside of the names, etc., carved upon its surface. Mr. Hunter is also a dealer in calcined plaster and cement, plain and ornamental iron fences, monuments etc., and is enabled to supply these goods in large and small orders. A native cf Delaware, the subject of this review en- joys the esteem and fullest confidence of his patrons in his line of business. J. G. Bridgewater, Watchmaker and Jeweler. Perhaps in no line of business is greater skill required upon the part of the proprietor than in the above business. He must be fully familiar with all the details of the busi- ness, or else he will not be able to supply the demands of his patrons. Delaware' s hidustries. 6i Among the most capable men in this line in this city- may be mentioned Mr. J. G. Bridgewater. This gentle- man started in business about seven years ago. His store is located on one of the main business streets of the city, and is in every respect first-class. A large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of watches, clocks, pins, bracelets and all styles of articles for personal adornment. A specialty is made of optical goods, all kinds of spectacles and eye glasses being kept on hand. Mr. Bridgewater has been a life-long resident of this State. He was in the army during the late war, and met with an unfortunate accident, sacrificing a limb in the din of battle. Like many of his martial colleagues, he com- mands the respect of the community of which he is a member. Irwin Van Arsdalen, Confectionery and Fruits. Perhaps there is not a better or more favorably known establishment of this character in this city than thit of Mr. Irwin Van Arsdalen. This gentleman opened business here in April, 1890, and has, through his ability and energy, built up quite an extensive patronage. The store is eligibly located on the main business thoroughfare of the city. It is of ample size and in every respect fitted in a very neat and attractive manner. A large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of candy, con- fectionery and bon bons, foreign and domestic fruits, nuls, etc. 62 Delaware' s Industries. A specialty is made of fine and fancy groceries, such as canned goods, dried fruits and many other things in this line. Mr. Van Arsdalen is fully familiar with all the many details of this business, having formerly managed a co- operative store in this city for some time. He has been a life-long resident of Delaware, and is widely known and highly respected by a large circle of acquaintances in commercial and social channels for his enterprise and executive ability. L. M. Chase & Son, News Depot, Cigars, Tobacco, Fancy Goods, Delaware St. The establishment of L. M, Chase & Son, dealers in cigars, and tobacconists, etc., at Delaware street, is one of the oldest of its kind in the town of New Castle. The business, which has been conducted at its present location since 1856, was founded by Mr. L. M. Chase, who is now deceased, his son, E. L. Chase, succeeding him. The premises occupied are large, being about 20x35 feet in size, and very neatly and attractively arranged. In addition to cigars and tobacco, he also has a large line of confectionery of all kinds, newspapers, periodicals, and daily, weekly and monthly reading matter is furnished upon application. Notions, fancy goods, toys, etc., are also kept ; in fact, a large, clean stock of all these lines. Mr. Chase has a widespread and growing trade. He gives his personal attention to the business, and under his management, his establishment has maintained a high repu- tation for superior goods and straightforward, honest deal- ings. Delaware's indtcstries. 63 Amos E. Davidson, Dealer in Meats and Produce. Among the old established and reliable houses en- gaged extensively in the country produce and fresh meat business is that of Mr. Amos E. Davidson, whose place of business has been situated on Delaware street for the past eighteen years. He has a commodious store for the display and the preservation of his stock, having a large ice-box to keep his meats of all descriptions wholesome and clean. A neat stock of provisions, fruits, butter and eggs, poultry and all kinds of country products are dealt in. He is a native of Delaware, and his business is marked annually by a steady increase^ and the present prosperous condition augurs well for the future. S, L. Truss, Boots and Shoes, In no line of trade have more improvements been made than in the manufacturing of shoes. Formerly, it was impossible to obtain a first class shoe ready made. But to-day many establishments carry large and complete selections of choice foot wear. Among the most favorably known dealers in this city may be mentioned Mr. S. L. Truss. This gentleman started business here about three years ago, and has, through his energy and ability, built up quite an extensive patronage. The store is well located on the main thoroughfare, and is m every respect first class. A large and complete stock is carried, comprising a full selection of men's, ladies', misses' and children's boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers, from the best makers. Footwear may be had from the 64 Delaware's Industries. most substantial working shoe to the finest delicate house slipper. A specialty is made of rubber boots for gunning and fishing, Mr. Truss has been a life-long resident of this city and is very well and favorably known, both in busines and social connections. As a business man, he is respected as a responsible dealer and wins the good will of a select trade. Henry Wilhelm, Tonsorial Artist. As cleanliness is next to godliness, a barber plays a very strong part in the question of salvation of the average man ; for what is more uncleanly than a man with a half grown beard upon his face? Perhaps the best and most favorably known barber in this city is Mr. Henry Wilhelm. This gentleman started in business here about eleven years ago, and has, through his skill and ability, built up a large and select patronage. The shop is located on Delaware street. It is of ample size, and is in every way fitted m a neat and attractive manner. Two chairs are used to facilitate the affairs of the business. A specialty is made of cutting ladies', misses' and children's hair in the most fashionable style. Shaving, shampooing and hair cutting is here done in the most fashionable styles. Mr. Wilhelm has been in this business many years, and is a fully capable and skillful barber, which is evinced by the esteem in which his services are held. He is, like many of our most successful barbers, a native of Germany, but has been in this country many years past. He was formerly in business in Philadelphia, where he conducted an extensive place. Delaware' s Industries. 65 Joseph C. Bacon, Tonsorial Artist. As cleanliness is next to godliness, it seems as if the barber was almost a necessity to the human race. The most prominent barber shop in this city is that of Mr. Jos. Bacon. This gentleman opened his shop about six months ago, and has already built up quite a large patron- age, due to attention to business details. The parlors are eligibly located under the City Hall. They are of ample size, and are in every way fitted in a most neat and attractive manner, four chairs being in use, thus preventing long and tiresome waits for your turn. A specialty is made ot cutting ladies', misses' and children's hair in the most fashionable style. Here a shave or shampoo, or a hair cut may be obtained in such a man- ner that it is a pleasure instead of a duty. Mr. Bacon has been a life-long resident of this State, and is well known and highly respected here. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Red Men, and holds a reputable position in social circles. Mrs. W. W. Simpson, Millinery and Fancy Goods, Perhaps in the choice of nothing is the average lady more particular than in the selection of a bonnet. It must be just the right shape and color, and of the newest style, before she will be satisfied, and when once pleased, the chances are that she will continue to deal with the same establishment. Among the dealers catering to the ladies' trade in this direction, we may mention Mrs. W. W. Simpson. Tliis lady formerly kept a store of this nature in VVihnington ; but, about three years ago, she took the present store, 66 Delaware' s Indusines. which is located in the best portion of the city, and is in every way fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. A very large stock is carried, comprising a full selec- tion of the season's novelties in bonnets and hats for ladies, misses and children. Special designs and shapes are made up to order. A variety of trimmings, ribbons, beads, birds, flowers and all kinds of fancy goods, notions, etc., are kept on hand. Mrs. Simpson has been in this line some years, and is fully familiar with all the details of the business, command- ing the good will and respect of those with whom she forms business or social relations. John Fleming, Dealer in Boots and Shoes. Formerly it was almost a necessity to purchase custom- made shoes, but at present, through the efforts of many of our large manufacturers, the quality of ready-made shoes has been greatly bettered. Among the dealers devoting their energies to this line we may mention Mr. John Fleming. This gentleman started in business here about four years ago, and has by his ability and energy built up quite a large trade. The store is well located on Delaware street. It is of ample siz'^, and is in every respect first-class. A large stock is carried, comprising a carefully selected assortment of boots, shoes, and slippers for ladies', misses', children's and men's wear. A specialty is made of rubbers, shoes, and boots of all kinds. Particular attention is paid to custom work of all kinds and repairing, a workman being constantly employed in this capacity. Delaware' s Industries. 67 Mr. Fleming has become very well known in this section, and is highly esteemed by all v/ho have ever had any transactions with him for his integrity of purpose. 'I'heodore W. Hanf, Watchmaker and Jeweler. The best known and most prominent representative of this line in the city is Mr. Theodore W. Hani. This gentleman started business here about five years ago, and has through his energy and ability succeeded in building up quite an extensive trade. The store is eligibly located on Delaware street. It is of ample size, and is in every particular fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner. A large and varied stock is carried, comprising all t'le best makes of Ameri- can and Swiss watches and clocks, besides all kinds of breast pins, bracelets, earrings, wedding, engagement, and friendship rings, precious stones, and articles of personal adornment of every nature. A specialty is made of repairing all kinds of intricate watches and jewelry in a neat and skillful manner, at pop- ular prices. Mr. Hanf is a thoroughly practical man in this line, having spent most of his busmess life in this business, and is thus thoroughly familiar with its many details. A native of Wilmington, the subject of this review has become very well known in this vicinity as an active and energetic business man. A member of the Masonic fraternity, Mr. Hanf now holds the chair of Junior Warden, and commands the es- teem of social as well as business circles. He is also a member of the I. O, O. F. and I. O. R. M., as well as other organizations here and in Wilmington. 68 Delaware's Industries. Fred Shaw, Dealer in Cigars, Tobacco, and Men'8 Furnishing Goods. Amcng the dealers catering to the popular taste in the line of fine cigars may be mentioned Mr. Fred Shaw, whose place of business is located under the Knights of Pythias Hall. This gentleman started business here about fourteen months ago, and has already built up quite a fair trade. The store is of ample size, and is in every respect fitted in a first-class manner. A large stock is carried, compris- ing all the most popular brands of cigars and tobacco. A full stock of men's furnishings is also kept ; ready-made clothing, boots and shoes for men's and boys' wear are also extensively handled, as well a!> all kinds of furnishing goods. This house can clothe a man from head to foot in every kind of wearing apparel. This latter department, located on Delaware street, is finely appointed, and con- tains one of the best selected stocks of shoes in the city. It is under the management of Mr. Robert Shaw, father of the proprietor. Both of these gentlemen are very well known in this State, having resided in it for the past twenty years. Mr. Fred Shaw is a Past Sachem of the Red Men, and his father is Past Chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, winning the good will and respect of social as well as busi- ness circles. Miss Mary A. Kinkead, Notions and Trimmings. Among the few business establishments in this city that have for the past twenty years enjoyed the full confi- Delaware' s Industries. 69 dcnce and respect of the community at large, may be noted that of Miss Mary A. Kinkead. This lady originally established business in a compara- tively small way, but through her energy and ability has succeeded in gathering a select patronage. The store is eligibly located and is of ample size, being fitted in tlie neatest and most attractive manner. A very large and carefully selected stock is carried, compris- ing a full assortment of all kinds of notions, embroidery materials, trimmings, fancy goods, and stationery, too numerous to mention. Miss Kinkead ^las been in this business many years and is fully familiar with the demands of the trade, and is capable of supplying the wants of the most fastidious. She is a native of Maryland, but for many years past she has resided here and is very well known, socially as well as commercially, for her executive ability and in- tegrity. J. T. & L. E. Eliason, Dealers in Farm Imple- ments, Coal and Lumber. The largest and most important establishment of this character in this vicinity is that of Messrs. J. T. & L. E. Eliason. This business hid its inception about seven years ago, and through the ability, activity, and untiring energy of the members of the firm, it has grown lo quite large pro- portions. The plant occupies about three-fourths of an acre of grcaind, upon which various buildings and sheds have been erected. 70 Delaware' s Industries. A special siding from the railroad furnishes the best facilities for the receipt and shipment of products. The stock carried is very heavy, comprising all the best makes of farming implements, machinery and tools, grain, lum- ber, coal, wood, posts, rails, and fertilizers ot every des- cription are carried. A specialty is nnade of family coal, it being carefully screened and full weight guaranteed. Mail orders of every description will receive prompt attention. Building hardware, cutlery, tools, etc., aie also carried in stock. Both members of the firm have been lifelong residents of this State, and highly respected by all who have ever had any transactions with them. Mr. J. T. Eliason is a director of the Farmers' Bank, and Mr. L. E. Eliason is a member of the Board of Edu- cation. Both gentlemen command the esteem of the commu- nity as enterprising and public-spirited citizens. Harry L. McKee, Manufacturer of Ice Cream, and Dealer in Oysters. To the young folks of this city there is, perhaps, not a better or more favorably known establishment than that of Mr. H. L. McKee. This gentleman started business here about four years ago, and has through his energy and ability built up quite an extensive patronage. The premises are eligibly located on Delaware street. They are of ample size, and are in every respect fitted in a first class manner, a large parlor seating about forty per- sons being used, with an oyster room in the rear. Delaware' s Industries. 71 During the summer season large quantities of ice cream and water ices are made, and during the winter months oysters are handled. The trade in both branches is whole- sale as well as retail. A specialty is made of supplying parties and wed- dings with refreshments of all kinds. Mr. McKee has been a lifelong resident of this State, and is widely known as an enterprising business man. He is an active member of three lodges in this city, and is well known, socially and commercially. Fred T. Eagle, Butcher, Delaware and Union Streets. The establishment of Mr. Eagle has achieved a well merited reputation in this town, due to consistent business methods and a fine line of goods, coupled with some eigh- teen years' experience in this business. He is well and favorably known as an experienced and solid, substantial business man. He began business on his own account at the present location five years ago, and during the whole of that time has commanded an extensive and influential trade. Mr. Eagle slaughters his own meats, and handles dressed meats of all kinds, and can make a good claim of offering the consumers a line of meat products that cannot be excelled. He is prepared to sell, in quantities to suit, fresh killed, and guaranteed {)erfect in wholesomenessand preservation, at prices which challenge competition. A native of Delaware, Mr. Eagle is well and favorably known. Two assistants are employed, who contribute to the satisfactory operations of the business, and no means are left undone to foster the interests of the trade. 72 Delaware's hidustries. The stock embraces meats of all descriptions, sausage, bologna, lard, etc., and since establishing here he has won success and popularity by honest, enterprising, and legit- imate methods of dealing.. John H. Palmer, Butcher. The establishment of Mr. Palmer has achieved a well-merited reputation in this town. Mr. Palmer has had several years' experience in his bu iness, and is well and favorably known as an experienced and solid, substantial business man. He started business at the present location two years ago, and during that time has commanded quite a good trade. Mr. Palmer slaughters his own meats, and can vouch for the purity of his stock. He handles dressed meats of all kinds, and can make a claim of offering his patrons a line of meat that cannot be excelled. The store is about 15x15, with a large refrigerator for the preservation of stock. Lard, bologna, sausage, scrapple and everything in this line is kept. A native of New Jersey, and a member of the Order of Red Men, he is well known, socially and commercially. Mrs. J. B. Montgomery, Cigars and Tobacco. Perhaps in nothing is the average man more hard to suit than in the choice of his cigars. They must just suit his taste, or else he will not be satisfied, and when once pleased the chances are that he will continue to deal with the same establishment. Delaware' s Industries. 75 Among the stores of this character in this section catering for the popular trade in this direction may be mentioned that of Mrs. J, B. Montgomery. This business was opened in May, 1890, and thus far she has been rewarded with fair success. A large selec- tion of the most popular brands of cigars, tobacco, cigar- ettes and smokers' articles is carried. Mrs. Montgomery has become quite well known here. Her husband is employed in the woolen mill during the day ; otherwise he gives his attention to business details. Both are well liked here for industry and enterprise, and no lack of attention is bestowed upon the trade. John F. Brady, Dealer in Groceries, Dry Goods AND Notions. Identified with the business prosperity of New Castle, Mr. John F. Brady's places of business are among the best grocery and dry goods houses in the town. The grocery store, which is large and commodious, is very eligibly located, heavily stocked with fine goods, and presents the ample dimensions of 20x20 feet in area. The business is conducted on a fair basis, and the stock, which is of superior quality, includes all kinds of staple and fancy groceries, kitchen and laundry supplies, canned and bottled goods of a variety of table requisites, fine teas, coffees and spices — in fact, a line of goods only seen in a first-class stock. In the dry goods store, situated on Ninth street, may be seen all kinds of dress goods, notions, trimmings, furn- ishings, etc.; the whole amy of goods is very attractive. All kinds of furnishings for ladies and children can be ob- tained. 74 Delaware' s hidusiries. The store is ably managed during Mr. Brady's ab- sence, in the grocery department, by his mother. He is a native of New Castle and a member of the Order of Hibernians. He has been in business for some time, and is well thought of by the entire community for his consistent business methods and integrity. J. G. Knause, Baker. A bra-nch of business which, through experience, skill, judgment and reliabilty, are the qualifications to success is that followed by the baker. A man who possesses these necessary qualifications in a marked degree is Mr, J. G. Knause, of this town, whose well-known establishment is at Eighth and South streets. A native of Germany, Mr. Knause came to this town, after an experience in Philadelphia, Wilmington, etc., and established this business, which he has since been so prosperous in conducting. He has been at this location for three years. He has built in that time for himself a first-class trade. The store is about 20x20 feet, with the bakery in the rear. The store contains his handiwork, consisting of a tempting display of bread, pies and cakes; everything is fresh, clean and neat. Mr. Knause is a member of a German lodge, and is well known and his ability fully recognized. Jno. Thompson, grocer. H. A. Dennison, stoves. David Boulden, general merchandise. Jefferson House, Chas. Hoffman, proprietor. Delaware' s Industries. 75 Thos. Frazer, Jr., grocer. New Castle Auction House. B. F. Blackburn, blacksmith. R. C. Gordon, cigars and tobacco. Mrs. Sarah Wilmot, boots and shoes. J. E. Connolly, merchant tailor. Chas. E. Lancaster, grocer. Edw. Challenger, druggist. J. O. Roberts, ice cream. Miss Mary Pedrick, millinery. Jas. E. Biggs, men's furnishings. R, H. Harrington, sheet iron. H. W. Frazer, family grocer. Chas. V. Wise, barber. Geo. R. Truitt, cigars. Jno. I. Boyle, grocer. Wra. Bartlett, produce. Piatt & Elkinton, general merchandise. Edw. Dalby, Five and Ten Cent Store. Chas Ferris & Co., druggists. New Castle Star. f6 Delaware's Industries. SMYRNA. This city is one of the largest and most flourishing towns in Kent county, having a population of about 3,300. It is not located on the main line of the railroad, a con- nection being made with the Delaware Division of the P., W. and B. R. R. at Clayton. It has, however, direct water communication with Philadelphia and Wilmington, with a line of steamers running. The soil is of a loamy and sandy nature, land selling from $2^ to $100 per acre. The principal crops are peaches, grapes and small fruits of all kinds. The city has gas and water works ; it is well laid out and contains some very attractive buildings and residences. Two banks are in operation : The Fruit- Growers' National and the National Bank of Smyrna, both of which are very strong institutions. The town also contains six churches and a number of secret organizations, besides a building and loan associa- tion, which is in a flourishing condition, and two weekly newspapers. The town is one of the most progressive in this sec- tion, and during the past ten years its growth has been quite large. \ Delaware' s industries. 77 Wm. Faries, Stoves, Hardware, etc., Commerce St. A representative house engaged in this business is that of Wm. Faries, of Commerce street. This business has been established here at its present location for twenty years, and during that time, from the very beginning of its eventful career in the business world, has had the success which it deserves, due to the business- like methods and straightforward manner of dealing. The store, which is of ample size, is 20x100 feet in dimensions, including the workshop. This department is under the supervision of an efficient workman, who repairs and manufactures tinware of all description. The store is stocked with stoves of all kinds for heat- ing and cooking purposes, Mr. Faries making a specialty of the Times Cook Stove and the Gauze Door Range. There is also quite a line of hardware of every de- scription for building and household purposes, sewing ma- chines, cutlery, tools, lamps, crockery ware, tin ware, and a general line of household goods. This is the largest store of its kind here. Mr. Faries is a native of Delaware, and a member of the Odd Fellows, the Masonic fraternity, and the treasurer of the Board of Trade, being respected by all who know him for his ability and enterprise. 78 Delaware' s Industries. Elmer Hoffecker, Meat Market. In order to preserve good health, a certain amount of animal food is necessary to human existence, and it is de- sirable that ihe most nutritious food should be taken. Among the dealers in this section that enjoy a high reputation may be mentioned Mr. Elmer Hoffecker. This gentleman started in business about a year ago, and has thus far given every prospect of success. The store is of ample size, and is in every respect fitted in the neatest and most attractive manner, a large refrigerator being used for storage purposes and the preservation of meats. All the meat sold is killed under the immediate super- vision of the proprietor, and care is taken to select nothing but the most healthy stock. Beef, veal, lamb, mutton and pork are handled. Sausage, lard, scrapple, hams, bacon, salt and smoked meats of all kinds are also dealt in. Mr. Hoffecker is a thoroughly practical butcher, and is capable of supplying the demands of the most particu- lar patrons. To successfully conduct this business, from three to five men and two teams are employed in the busi- ness. He has been a life-long resident of this town, and is known as an active and energetic business man, well and favorably known to the community. J. V. Price, Blacksmith. The importance of the horse as a beast of burden can be readily appreciated by all persons. In order to obtain the greatest amount of work from an animal, great care must be taken of his feet, and no one but a thoroughly competent blacksmith should be allowed to shoe him. Delaware' f^ Industries. 79 We take the liberty in bringing before our readers' notice Mr. J. V. Price, whose establishment is located on Commerce street. It is of ample size, and is in every re- spect fitted with the best tools and appliances for carrying on the work in hand, two forges being in use. General blacksmith work of all kinds is done, but, however, the specialty is horse-shoeing. Mr. Price has made a special study of this business, and no horse owner need be afraid of trusting his most valuable stock in his care. A native of Maryland, he has becom'i very well known in this section as an active and enterprising me- chanic. G. W. I'lLGHMAN, Blacksmith and Wheelwright. One of the most useful industries of this town is that of blacksmith and wheelwright. This gentleman, G. W. Tilghman, is a native of Mary- land, but has been in Delaware for thirty years, and has been in this business here for twenty-two years. Thus having years of practical experience, one can justly contend that work turned out of this establishment will meet with the approval and to the entire satisfaction of the patrons. The store used for carrying stock, with the workshop in the rear, occupies a space the dimensions of which are 20x30 feet. He employs now two skillful men, and all work turned out is under his personal supervision, thus assuring perfect satisfaction in every detail. A special feature of the establishment is all kinds of turning, plan- ing and sawing in wood and iron work. A well equipped 8o Delaware' s Industries. machine shop is utilized for this wcrk. Scrolling brackets and all kinds of general jobbing are executed. The stock embraces all kinds of blacksmith and wheelwright supplies, guns and ammunition of all kinds; in fact, general sportsmen's goods, farmers' implements, horse shoes, all kind of nails and general hardware, both heavy and shelf goods. Mr. Tilghman has justly earned for himself the repu- tation of being a thoroughly practical man in his business. Chas. W. Sisco, Practical Tin and Sheet Iron Worker. There are no better or more favorably known houses of this character in this section than that of Mr. Chas. Sisco. This bushiess had its original inception October i8, 1888, and through the activity, energy and ability of Mr, Sisco and his employees, who are skilled workmen, it has steadily increased. The store and work-rooms are eligibly located near the center of the town, on Commerce street. They are of ample proportions, and the workshop is fitted with all the newest and most improved tools and appliances. Here may be found a large assortment of all the best makes of stovej, heaters and ranges, as well as tin and sheet iron work of ail kinds. A special feature is done in plumbing and gas fitting, as well as all kinds of tinning, spouting and repairing. This is promptly attended to. Particular at- tention is paid to the work executed, so that it will bear the most critical tests as to rtliability. Mr. Sisco is thoroughly familiar with this business, and is practical in all its workings. All work is under his Delaware' s Industries. 8i perso: al supervision; thus can be assured the utmost satis- faction. He has been a life-long resident of this county, and is widely known and universally respected. He is an active member of the Odd Fellows, and is one of Smyrna's repre- sentative mechanics and business men whose services are appreciated in his particular line of trade. Mrs. L. Collins, Notions and Trimmings, Commerce Street. This business was established here eleven years ago, and continued from the start to attract to itself numerous patrons. Mrs. L. Collins conducts the establishment dur- ing the absence of her husband, who is a bookkeeper for a firm in the town. The store utilized for business purposes is of ample size, being about 20x30 feet in dimensions, and containing quite a large, clean and well selected stock of notions and trimmings of every description ; also fancy goods, art needlework of all kinds. This establishment, being devoted to all kinds ot fancy work and embroidery, attracts quite an amount of patronage in this line. A special feature is made in em- broidering material, pinking, stamping, etc. No lack of facilities are at hand to facilitate the interests of the trade. Mrs. Collins is a native of Delaware, and has always been a resident of Smyrna, where she is well known and appreciated by her numerous friends and patrons for the taste displayed in the selection and display of good?. Since establishing here, she has won the respect of the community, and is recognized as a reliable dealer in her branch of trade. 82 Delaware' s Induslries. W. W, TscHUDY, General Merchandise. This being one of the leading and representative stores in this town, we cannot fail but mention that through the enterprise and business ability of its present proprietor that this is justly due. Mr. W. W. Tschudy began business here some thirty- two years ago, and has since the start obtained quite an influential patronage. These stores, which are about 40x60 feet in dimen- sions (being two stores combined into one), contain an ex- tensive line of goods, complete in assortment ; also dry goods of every class and kind, dress goods, muslins, linens, white goods, etc., trimmings and notions of all sorts, groceries, staple and fancy, housefurnishing goods of a vast variety, horse clothing, boots and shoes, and ladies' and gents' furnishings, from the finer to the most substan- tial varieties — in fact, a general store where almost every- thing can be obtained. Every facility is enjoyed, and to successfully conduct this business several competent assistants are employed. Mr. Tschudy is a native of Maryland, and by his en- terprise and business abilities has become one of the promi- Jient business men in this section. C. H. Register, Dealer in Meats^ Etc. There is hardly any business which so occupies the thoughts of its many patrons as to the relative value of what they purchase as that of the food supplying establish- ments. In this connection we refer to the establishment of Mr. C. H. Register, who has always retained the reputa- Delaware" s Industries. 83 tion for healthy and fresh stock. All kinds of beef, veal, mutton, pork and lamb are kept, as well as salt meats, hams, lard, bacon and everything in this line of goods. Having been in business here for three years at the present location, he has from the start enjoyed the confi- dence of his patrons. The store utilized for business pur- poses is of ample size, being 14x16 feet in dimensions, with an office in the rear, and having facilities for the preservation of his goods, which are always clean and fresh meats. The subject of this review is a native of Delaware and a member of the Order of Good Templars and Odd Fel- lows, also prominently identified with the temperance cause. A practical man in this business, one who can readily discuss and supply the many wants of his custom- ers, he well merits the measure of success attending his ef- forts in the direction of supplying food products. Miss R. A. Lee, Millinery. Perhaps in nothing is the average lady more difficult to please than in the selection of a bonnet. It must just suit her or else she will not be satisfied, and when once pleased the chances are that she will continue to deal with the same house. Among the dealers catering for the popular trade in this line may be mentioned Miss R. A. Lee. This lady opened business in this town about two years ago, and thus far she has been most successful, due to personal attention to details and a fine quality of goods. The premises are of ample size. They are located on Commerce street, and are fitted in the neatest manner. 84 Delaware' s Industries. A very large and complete assortment of trimmed and untrimmed hats and bonnets are carried, comprising many of the season's latest novelties. A specially is made of trimming bonnets to order to suit the taste and idea of the purchaser. All kinds of ribbons, feathers and millinery goods art also carried, and no opportunity is lost that may cater to the wants of a select trade. Miss Lee displays good taste in this line, and obtains the newest styles from the fashion centers of this country^ A native of Maryland, but a long resident here, she is well known, socially as well as commercially, and com- mands the confidence of the trade for reliability. Robert Dennev, Flour, Feed, and Grain. Proprie- tor OF Denney's Roller Mills. There have been but few flour mills in this section of the country that have had as long a period of success as those of Mr. Robert Denney. This gentlem.an first took the mills about a quarter of a century ago, and has since operated them. Located on Duck Creek, about a mile from town, they are of ample size, furnished with water and steam power, and from time to time new and improved machinery has been added^ until at present they are able to compete with the larger mills in the production of fine grade flours. The mill building is about 25x80 feet in dimensions, and is three stories in height, with no lack of facilities ta operate them on an extensive scale. Six men are now em- ployed, and two teams for hauling purposes. The finest grades of flour are made. Among the most popular brands are the " Linden," " Best XXXX,"^ Delaware's Industries. 85 and "Success," all of which have had large sales in this vicinity. The house also deals in hay, grain, feed, and straw, to quite a large extent, with all the accessories, such as rock salt, wheel grease, etc. Mr. D.^nney has spent the greater portion of his busi- ness career in this business, and is fully alive to the de- mands of the trade, which is extensive in the line of fam- ily and bakers' flour. He is a native of the Diamond State, and is well known as an active and enterprising merchant, holding the confi- dence of the public as a responsible dealer and manufac- turer. William B. Start, Cigars, Tobacco, and News Dealer. One of the greatest luxuries of mankind is the use of tobacco, and nearly every civilized community consumes this narcotic in one form or another. In connection with this introduction we refer to the trade in Smyrna. Among the dealers catering to the pop- ular taste in this direction may be mentioned Mr. William B. Start. This gentleman located himself in business here about four years ago, and has built up a fine trade. Here may be found at all times a full and choice selec- tion of the most pojular brands of imported and domestic cigars, smoking and chewing tobacco, cigarettes and smokers' articles generally. In addition to the above lines, Mr. Start also carries a full line of newspapers, periodicals, and popular literature of all sorts. 86 Delaware's Industries. All the leading daily and weekly New York and Phil- adelphia papers are supplied to patrons, and all orders left here can be filled with promptness in the way of papers, periodicals, magazines, etc. No lack of attention is bestowed upon the de- mands of the trade, and every facility is enjoyed that can in any way administer to the wants of the trade. The subject of this review has been a lifelong resident of the town, and is widely known. He is Financial Secretary of the Royal Templars, and stands well as a representative of his line of merchandise. J. E. Carter, Painter and Decorator. Perhaps in no line of trade has more improvement been made than in the above business, and in order to keep fully up to the standard, a man must be thoroughly posted in all the new fads and fancies. Perhaps the most capable decorator in this sec- tion is the gentleman whose name heads this article. Founding this business originally eight years ago, he has through his ability and energy succeeded to an extensive patronage. The store is eligibly located on Commerce street. It is of ample proportions and in every way furnished in an attractive manner. A large stock of paints, gla?s, putty, brushes, varnishes, and painters' materials generally, is carried, as well as a fine line of wall papers, comprising all the latest fashions, from the cheapest to the most ex- quisite patterns, as well as window shades, etc. Painting and decorating of all kinds is also done, and in the conduct of the business upwards of eight skilled workmen are employed. Delaware' s Industries. 87 A large assortment of artists' materials and fancy goods are also carried in stock. Mr. Carter is thoroughly familiar with all the details of the business, and is capable of suiting the most fastid- ious patrons. L. O. Waller, Watchmaker and Jeweler. With the increase of wealth and education of a com- munity comes greater demand for articles of personal adornment and objects of art. One of the most prominent dealers in -this class in this town is Mr. L. O. Waller. This gentleman opened business in this town Novem- ber ist, 1890. His store is eligibly located on Main street. It is newly fitted in an attractive manner, with all the modern trade conveniences. The stock carried is quite extensive, and comprises a full and choice selection of Swiss and American manufac- ture, diamonds and precious stones, jewelry, silverware, clocks, etc. ; in fact, everything that is to be found in a general line of these goods. Mr. Waller has spent some years of practical expe- rience in the business, and is fully familiar with all the details of his craft. He enjoys the closest relationship with the importers and manufacturers in New York and Philadelphia, and is thus enabled to furnish his patrons with the newest and most beautiful styles of personal adornment. A special feature is the repairing department. This is fi-ted out with all the most improved tools and appli- 88 Delaware' s Industries. ances, and no lack of attention is paid to the repairing of watches of the most intricate mechanism, as well as all kinds of jewelry, etc. Under his personal supervision this department is reputable, and can give perfect assurance of satisfaction to the most fastidious patron. AVell and favorably known, he well merits the esteem in which his services are held, and by persistent and active industry and business integrity, he is destined to become a factor in the commercial circles of the community. Samuel Taylor, Agricultural Implements. Situated as this city is, in the heart of a great farming country, it is not surprising that an establishment of this nature should locate here. Mr. Taylor opened business about a year ago, and thus far he has been most successful, and if indications count for anything, his continued prosperity is assured. The premises are eligibly located on Main street. They are of ample proportions, being about 25x100 feet in dimensions, fitted out in the most commodious manner, every convenience being brought to bear upon the work in hand. A very large stock is carried, comprising all the best and most popular makes of plows, harrows, rakes, reapers, mowers, and in fact farming implements and machinery of every description \ all kinds of building, as well as shelf and household hardware, cutlery and tools, are kept in variety. Mr. Taylor has a large acquaintance among the farm- ers of this region, and is highly respected as an honest, active, and enterprising merchant. Delaware' s Industries. 89 He has been a lifelong resident of the city, and was chosen by his admiring fellow citizens as a member of Councils, and now occupies the position of acting secre- tary of the Water Works. Proving himself an enterprising and public-spirited citizen, he commands the respect of the community. I. B. VicKERS, Staple and Fancy Groceries. Considering the short time that the above gentleman has been in business in this town, it is creditable to the large trade he has built up. This is owing to his activity and enterprise, combined with a fine quality of goods. This business was originally started about two years ago, in a comparatively small way ; the trade, however, has greatly increased. The premises are eligibly located near the business centre of the town, and are in every way first-class, being about 20x40 feet in dimensions. They are fitted in a neat and attractive manner, with the most commodious ap- pliances. The stock carried is large, comprising a choice assort- ment of all kinds of plain and fancy groceries, canned goods, dried fruits, nuts, fruit, kitchen, table and laundry supplies, and in fact everything that a first-class house of this nature would have. A neat collection of china and glassware is also handled. The store is the only exclusive grocery establishment here. Mr. Vickers has been a lifelong resident of this State, and is widely known and universally respected in this sec- tion for his integrity and business qualifications. 90 Delaware' s Industries. L. C. McCoy, Agt., Stoves, Etc., Commerce St. A justly celebrated house for good work and prompt attention is that of L. C. McCoy, of Commerce street. This business was first established next door to his present place about six years ago. He has, however, been at this present location for two years. All kinds of stoves for cooking and heating purposes, ranges, etc., are kept, and a specialty is made of tin roof- ing, spouting and repairing all kinds of sheet iron and tin work, heaters and ranges and general tinkering. The store is of ample size, with the workshop. The latter is equipped with all the most approved tools and ap- pliances to conduct such a business. Mr. McCoy has been in Delaware for many year-s, and was formerly a member of the Knights of Pythias. He has built for himself quite a nice trade, and is on a fair road to success, due to personal attention to details and skillful, honest work. Having spent a large amount of his business career in this line, he has become thoroughly practical, and is fully familiar with all the details of his business, being competent to fully supply the demands of the trade. Delaware' s hidustries. 91 H. C. Spruance, Fancy and Staple Groceries. In considering the relative value of various commer- cial enterprises those which contribute largely to the sup- ply of the actual necessities of m.ankind should be entitled to first consideration. In connection with this subject we refer to the estab- lishment of Mr. Spruance as a representative of this line in this city. This gentleman started business here nearly thirty years ago, and has become one of the most favorably known dealers in the city. The store is eligibly located on Commerce street. It is of ample proportions, and is in every way fitted in a neat and attractive manner. The stock carried is large, and comprises a carefully selected assortment of fine teas, coffees, spices, canned goods, nuts, dried fruits, kitchen, table and laundry sup- plies, and in fact everything in the line of fancy and staple groceries. Glassware, china and queensware are also ex- tensively handled, and no lack of facilities is had to foster the interests of the trade. Mr. Spruance has been a life-long resident of this sec- tion, and is recognized as an active and enterprising citi- zen who is pushing his business to its greatest extent. Trade of late has been somewhat quiet, but an im- provement is looked for. The subject of this review well merits the esteem in which he is held, and is recognized among the responsible dealers. Ed. G. Wall, clothier. Charles C. Boemhler, bakery. Smyrna House. Oscar Fisher, watchmaker. •92 Delaware' s Industries, E. C. Faries, harness. William P. Legg, harness. The Fruit Growers' National Bank. William B. Collins, hardware. National Bank of Smyrna. Miss M. L. Allen^ notions. McCoy & Brown, tailors. Ashcroft & Clifton, druggists. G. M. Stevenson, contectionery. J. Henry Jefferson, general merchandise. Mrs. L. A. Cotton, fancy goods. Mrs. K. Beck, millinery. A. W. Montgomery, dry goods. J. G. Britton, heaters. Mrs. C. A. Winford, notions. Joseph Stevenson, fine art. J. E. Collins, hardware. J. W. Denney, drugs. C. Prettyman, boots and shoes. W A. Winford, general merchandise. Lewis & Price, fertilizers. Edw. Beck, general merchandise. T. B. Megear, dry goods. W. E. & S. T. Megear, millinery. William H. Baggs, boots and shoes. J. B. Cooper, general merchandise. H. W. Hernheimer, clothing. W. E. Hall & Son, general merchandise. Joseph Reynolds, farm produce. Miss M. E. Savin, millinery. J. W. Jones, provisions. Delaware's Indtisiries. 9;^ MIDDLETOWN. One of the best and most flourishing towns in the State. It is situated on the Delaware Division of the Phil- adelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, about half way between Wilmington and Dover. The surrounding country is one of the most highly culti- vated in the State, land selling anywhere from |6o to ;^ioo per acre, according to its location. The principal crops are wheat, corn, vegetables, fruits and peaches. The population is about 2,500, and the census of this year shows a considerable increase over that of 1880. The city is well laid out with wide and beautifully shaded streets. It contains city gas and water works, and electric lights have lately been added. Two banks are in opera- tion, the People's and the Citizens', both of which are ex- ceptionally strong organizations. Two hotels are located here, the National and the Middletown, both of which af- ford comfortable resting places for travelers. The stage routes to Odessa, Ceciltown and Warwick leave here daily. 94 Delaware' s Industries. National Hotel, Alex. Maxwell, Proprietor. Perhaps in no position in life does a man receive less appreciation for his labor than a hotel proprietor. Having all kinds and classes of humanity to please, it is impossible to suit every one. But one of the most popular hotels in this section of the country is the National Hotel. ■This house was built in 1861. It is admirably located near the railroad station and contiguous to the business portion of the town. A three story brick building, it is particularly adapted to the requirements of a first-class hotel, containing in all about forty rooms — thirty-four sleeping rooms — all of which are large, airy and well furn- ished. Every convenience is at hand for the successful con- duct of this business, a fine stable being connected and a well-stocked sample room, containing only the finest liquors and cigars the market affords, rich old rye and Bourbon whiskies, mellow wines and fresh beer always on tap. Mr. Maxwell purchased this property in 1876, and in 1877 took the management, which he has still kept. Through his capable executive abilities the trade has largely increased, and it is the best patronized hotel in town, due to every personal consideration shown the traveling pub- lic. The cuisine is perfect, bemg under the direction of a competent chef. The dining room, capable of seating about fifty persons, is well ordered and neatly arranged. One of the commendable features is the table service and its general neat and cleanly appearance. Mr. Maxwell is a Marylander by birth, but has be- come very well known in this vicinity, and is universally respected by all who have ever had any transactions with him in social, as well as the commercial aspects of life. Delaware' s Industries. 95 George S. Hopkins, Bakery, and AgenI- for Fabric Fire Hose Co , of New York. Bread has been styled the "staff of life," and indeed it is, for where is the family who does not consume large quantities of this commodity? The most prominent dealer devoting his energies to this line in this town is Mr. George S. Hopkins. This gentleman originally established business here about ten years ago, and has, by his untiring efforts, built up quite an extensive trade. The premises are well located on Main street, and are of ample size, with a large bake-house in the rear, fitted with all the facilities of the trade. Nothing but the best materials are used, which, in conjunction with the highly skilled labor, unite in making the best quality of product. Bread, pies, biscuits, plain and fancy cakes, are the products, and are unexcelled for purity and flavor. In addition to this business Mr. Hopkins is also Chief of the Fire Department here, a position which he has held to the entire credit of the community at large. He is also the agent in Delaware for the Fabric Fire Hose Company, of New York City, manufacturers of Fab- ric hose for all purposes, and in this capacity is qualified to supply the best fire-hose in the maikei, at the lowest quotations. As an evidence of his success, we may mention, among various towns that he has supplied with fire appa- ratus, Centerville, Clayton, Middletown, etc., and in each quarter has given entire satisfaction. All the paraphernalia and apparatus that go to complete a well-equipped station may be found by conesponding with 96 Delaware' s Industries. this gentleman, as he is in position to advise those inter- ested in purchasing this line of goods. A native of New Jersey, Mr. Hopkins has been in this section many years and is widely known as an active and enterprising business man, winning the esteem and confidence of those with whom he forms business rela- tion?. Solomon Burstan, Boots, Shoes, Clothing, Etc. Among the many business enterprises which have cen- tered themselves and seem to move on with a prosperous look may be mentioned the establishment of Mr. Solomon Burstan, of Main street, who has been in business in this present location for over a year. This place being ot ample size for the display of clothing of all kinds and des- cription for men and children, all styles and quality may here be found ; also a line of men's, children's and ladies' shoes. Making a specialty of repairing and order work, this department is equipped with all the facilities for the business. Being a practical shoemaker, the proprietor is kept actively at work repairing and making shoes for the many who have found his tvork to be always satisfactory. Mr. Burstan is a native of Roumanian which is in Central Europe, and had been engaged in business in Phil- adelphia for seven years previous to his arriving at Mid- dletown. His trade here is steadily increasing, and by honest industry and energy may be classed among the better busi- ness men of this section. Delaware' s Industries. 97 E. S. Jones, Tonsorial Artist, Perhaps in no line of business is there greater skill re- quired upon the part of the proprietor of an establish- ment than the tonsorial vocation. He must be fully famil- iar with the trade and capable of pleasing the most fastidious. Among. the best known barbers in this town we may mention Mr. E. S. Jones. This gentleman started business about nine years ago, and has gathered quite an extensive patronage, due to personal attention and the service of only skilled workmen. The premises are located on Main street. They are of ample size, and are in every respect fitted in a neat and attractive manner, two chairs being in constant use, thus obviating long and tedious waits. A specialty is made of cutting ladies' and children's hair in the latest fashions. Particular rttention is paid to cases of sickness or death, shaving being done most care- fully and in a pleasing manner. Mr. Jones is a native of Maryland, but has been a resident of this town for about a score of years. He is a prominent member of the Annual Benefit Society of Phil- adelphia, and is well known in social circles as an enter- prising advocate of his art. Parvis & Williams Company, Manufacturers of Fer- tilizers. Situated as Middletown is, in one of the greatest agri- cultural belts of this country, it is not surprising that an es- tablishment of this nature should locate itself here. This- business was originally started in 1882 by Parvis & Biggs; 98 Delaware' s Industries. after two years, Mr. Biggs retired and Mr. Parvis con- ducted it alone for a short time, when Mr. Wilhams en- tered, until November, 1885, when the company was formed. It has thus far proved a success, due to consistent business management and a fine quality of goods. The office of the company is located on Main street, while the works are situated on the outskirts of the town. They are of ample proportions, occupying several acres of ground, upon which various buildings have been erected. All the newest and most improved machinery is in opera- tion. The firm are manufacturers of a general line of com- mercial fertilizers. Among the best known brands are the "Delaware Wheat Grower," "Globe Guano," "Delaware Soluble Bone." The trade is wholesale and retail, extending all over the peninsula, and is constantly increasing. The manage- ment of affairs is devolved upon the following gentlemen: Mr. Jas. Williams, President; Mr. N. J. Williams, Treas- urer, and Mr. Thos. Lattomus, Secretary. These gentlemen are too well known to require more than passing comment in this volume; suffice it to say, they are well known in commercial circles as responsible merchants. ^Delaware Electric Light and Power Co. J. B. Bratton, General Manager ; F. P. Rose, Elec- trician AND Engineer. The most wonderful invention of the age has been the adoption of electric power to lighting purposes. Numer- ous plants have been erected all over the country. About thr^e years ago the above company was started in this Delaware' s Industries. 99 town. At first it was not a tremendous success, but it has gradually increased by consistent business methods, un- til now it is used by most everyone as a matter of conven- ience and profit. September ist of last year saw the plant come under new management, that of Mr. J, B. Bratton. This gen- tleman is thoroughly familiar with the electrical business, and is capable of giving the community the best possible service. The plant is nearing completion, new machinery be- ing constantly added in order to keep fully abreast with the latest improvements. Four Edison dynamos are in use; two No. 6 and two No. 4 are employed. Power is obtained from two "Ide" engines, thirty and forty horse power respectively. Mr. Biatton has taken the management of the execu- tive and financial departments, while Mr. F. P. Rose de- votes himself to the practical workings. Mr. Bratton was formerly connected with the Edison Co.'s agency, in Wil- mington, as an assistant. The company supply in all about 1,300 sixteen candle power lights throughout the city, and are now in every way qualified to pursue this indispensable business in a liberal manner. W. H. Moore & Co., Dry Goods, Etc. Among the stores identified with the business pros- perity of Middletown is that of H. W. Moore & Co., of Main street. It is one of the largest and most prosperous dry goods houses in the town. Founded in 1869, at its present location, the company representing Mr. James Culbertson, who is the partner of Mr. W. H. Moore. I oo Dela ware' s Indus h ies. The administration of affairs is always characterized by wisdom and discernment — these gentlemen always pur- suing a conservative business system and a liberal policy of trade towards their patrons and the public. The suc- cess they enjoy is due to these facts. The store, which is large and commodious, is eligibly located, and presents the ample dimensions of 25x90 feet. It is conspicuous by handsome show windows, and its in- terior arrangements are neat and attractive. The stock, which is extensive, consists of textile fabrics in dress goods, silks, white goods, linens, laces, fancy goods, notions, trimmings, hosiery, findings, etc.; clothing of all kinds for winter and summer wear, gro- ceries of all description. The second story is devoted to carpets and oil cloths. The store has a large stock of ladies' and gents' furn- ishings of every description in these lines. This being the largest- general store in the town, it is needless to add the fact that anything may be had for personal or house use. Mr. Moore and Mr. Culbertson both are natives of Delaware, and well deserve the liberal and influential pat- ronage that is being accorded them in their enterprise. Wm. Kates, Confectioner. Among the foremost of the first-class confectionery stores in Middletown is the nicely appointed and largely patronized establishment of Mr. Kates, which is eligibly located on Main street. The delicious confections to be found here zxt, par excellence, the choicest and most toothsome productions of the candy-makers' craft, and for general excellence and Delaware's Industries. loi purity of flavor — of their superiority — no better criterion could be offered than the enduring hold these goods have secured on the consumer. This establishment dates back to this location six years ago, and has continued since that time with success. The premises occupied are ample, and well equipped with an inviting assortment of goods constantly kept on hand. They comprise fresh, pure and delicious chocolates, cara- mels, bonbons, creams, and a specialty is made of penny specialties. A fine trade is prosecuted in the sale of ice cream in the summer months, and during the winter oysters in every style are served. Catering is done to family trade in both these lines, and parties, balls, receptions, etc., are furnished with oysters and ice cream in any quantity. A fine dining room is in the rear of the store, and here the pedestrian may find anything in these lines prepared to his taste. Mr. Kates is a native of New Jersey, but a resident here for some time, and is well known in the community as a responsible business man. Miss M. A. Roberts. Millinery. In examining the various mercantile enterprises of Middletown which hold a reputable position in the business world, we find that in its special line the establishment of Miss M. A. Roberts, of Main street. Miss Roberts founded this enterprise eleven years ago, and has been successful in gaining the favor of the public, and in building up quite a patronage of the most desirable character. The premises occupied comprise a store about 15x20 feet in dimensions, and is entirely devoted to millinery, I02 Delaware' s Industries. display of trimmed hats and bonnets and millinery goods of all kinds; neatness and style combine to make a pleasing appearance to her many lady customers. Also, in connection with her millinery business, this lady prosecutes the art of dressmaking. In both depart- ments she enjoys all the facilities for the successful conduct of the business. The patrons of this house can be assured of perfect satisfaction as regards the style and finish of this lady's handiwork. She is a native of Delaware, and is well known in trade circles, as well as socially, for her executive ability and a desire to further the interests of her patrons. M. L. Hardcastle, General Merchandise. As one of the most enterprising and active business houses of this city, we take pleasure in mentioning the es- tablishment of Mr. M. L. Hardcastle. This business was originally opened about twelve years ago, under the management of the present proprietor. The store is eligibly located upon the main business street of the town. It is of ample proportions, being about 20x50 feet in dimensions. It is fitted in a neat and attractive manner, with every convenience for the success- ful management of business. The stock carried is very large, comprising a carefully selected assortment of all kinds of dry goods, notions* hosiery, trimmings and general furnishing goods for men, women and children. Boots and shoes of all styles are also kept on hand. Ready-made clothing, as well, for men's, boys', and children's wear. Delaware' s Industries. 103 A full stock of all kinds of fancy and staple grocer- ies, confectionery, canned goods, table delicacies, kitchen and laundry supplier, etc., are also kept on hand, Mr. Hardcastle has become familiar with all the many details of his multitudinous stock, and is capable of fully supplying all demands. He is a Marylander by birth, but has been here for many years past, winning the esteem and good will of a select trade. Mrs. a. M. McKee, Millinery. The millinery store par excellence of this town is the handsome emporium of Mrs. A. M. McKee, which occu- pies an eligible location on Main street. It is in all respects a leading and well appointed estab- lishment, where is always displayed an unusually fine and complete assortment of everything in the line indicated, and the latest novelties in millinery goods, consisting of trimmings, birds, flowers, feathers, ribbons, beads, etc., as well as the leading metropolitan styles of hats and bonnets of all description, styles, shapes and colors, in cloth, felt and straw goods, trimmed and untrimmed, and the prices here quoted are rock bottom figures. No inferior goods are allowed to be used in the trimming of head wear, and no lack of artistic skill is spent upon orders received. As an establisliment of repute in this line, the patron is assured of receiving honest value and satisfactory treat- ment in every instance. The business premises comprise a store 20x20 feet, lighted throughout with electricity, tastefully fitted up and well ordered, Mrs. McKee exercising close personal super- vision oyer all the work that emanates from the premises. I04 Delaware' s Industries. A native of Delaware, this lady has pursued this artis- tic avocation for twenty-five years, and is thus qualified by experience, as well as natural ability, to conduct such an .establishment. '*'The Enterprise Store," Charles E. Foulke, Pro- prietor. In comparing the relative values of various commer- cial enterprises those which contribute most largely to the supply of the actual necessities of mankind should be en- titled to a first consideration, and we know of none more important than the trade in groceries and provisions. Among the prominent dealers whose energies are de- voted to this line may be mentioned Mr. Charles E. Foulke. This business was first established by Messrs. W. G. Conley & Co., and in February, 1890, the present proprie- tor took the entire management. The premises are located on Main street. They are of ample size, containing a large and well arranged stock, comprising a full and complete selection of fancy and staple groceries, teas, coffees, spices, etc. ; glassware, china and queensware are also kept in great variety. The business js carried on in the best and most careful manner in every sense, keeping fully abreast with the name chosen for it, " The Enterprise." Mr. Foulke has been in this city for some time past, and is very well and favorably known as an active and en- ergetic business man, well meriting the measure of success that attends his efforts in supplying a select trade. Delaware' s Industries. 105 W. R. Reynolds, Manufacturer of Harness and Dealer in Turf Goods. Among the establishments that have been opened in this vicinity during the past year, there are none that give promise of more success than that of Mr. W. R, Rey- nolds. This young gentleman started here in May last, and has already accumulated quite a large and select trade, due to consistent business principles and a fine line of goods. The premises are well located on one of the main business thoroughfares of the town. They are of ample size, the first floor being used as a show room, while the upper is devoted to manufacturing purposes. This de- partment is equipped with all the tools and appliances requisite to pursue this branch of trade. A very large and complete stock of horsefurnishing goods is carried, comprising all styles and kinds of harness, both single and double, mounted and plain; saddles, blank- ets, robes, boots, as well as accessories, soap, wheel grease, etc. Particular attention is paid to repairing and special orders of every description, all work being neatly and promptly executed. In addition to the above lines, Mr. Reynolds also deals in carriages, buggies, and phaetons of the newest styles. He has become familiar with the above lines, and is a competent judge of all goods of this description, and is thus enabled to supply the finest trade. He is very well known in this community, having re- sided here the greater portion of his life, and as a busi- ness man commands the confidence and goodwill of the community. io6 Delaware s Industries, AV. S. LETHERBURY, HARDWARE, MIDDLETOAVTT, DEL. Delaware's Industries. loj W. S. Letherbury, Hardware, Etc. Prominent among the active and enterprising firms engaged in hardware and cutlery is Mr. W. S. Letherbury. The business was established at the present location on Main street three years ago, and has since been identified with the trade in which Mr. Letherbury has achieved* suc- cess, bringing to bear the widest range of practical expe- rience and connections in this town. He carries a complete stock of builders' and general shelf hardware, mechanics' and builders' tools of all kinds, and every variety of hardware used for the various purposes can here be found, A complete stock of pocket and table cutlery, razors, etc., as well as a stock of garden and field implements of the latest improved styles and best makes,, arc also kept on hand, stoves of all descriptions for heat- ing and cooking purposes, tinware, paints, oils, glass, putty, varnishes, etc. In the way of farm and garden implements are sold all styles of shovels, rakes, spades, liwn mowers, mowing scythes, and for the plumbing and roofing trade, iron pipes, plumbers' supplies, roofing and spouting, etc. The latter work is executed in detail, this being a specialty of the house. The premises are of ample size, being about 25x50 feet in area, and having also a large stock of Felton, Rau & Sibley's pure oil paint, Mr. Letherbury being the agent here for this concern, there being no better paint manu- factured. He readily meets with popular demand in this line of goods. A native of Delaware and a member of the Knights of Pythias and Fraternal Guardians and the Annual Benefit Society, he has proven himself one of Middletown's influ- ential and progressive citizens, commanding the confidence of the community as a reliable merchant. ;io8 Delaware' s Industries. The *' New Era," Messrs. Freeman & Weber, Pro- prietors. While reviewing the commercial enterprises and in- terests of Middletown it is necessary to do justice to those establishments that have done so much to benefit all classes by the dissemination of the products of the printing press. In this connection we desire to make special reference in this commercial review to Messrs. Freeman & Weber, pro- prietors of the New Era, whose office is located on Main street. Mr. Freeman commenced publishing this paper sev- eral years ago, and at this period has obtained a liberal and influential patronage in all sections of the State. The New Era is an admirably printed and edited double-sheet local paper, and contains a large amount of practical information, devoted to Democratic principles and conceptions, and general useful information of all des- criptions. It has a circulation of 1^200 copies, while it is steadily increasing, due to liberal and consistent manage- ment. This paper is a splendid advertising medium, while rates are quoted for space at reasonable terms. Mr. Freeman, the editor, and one of the proprietors, is highly esteemed by the community for his enterprise, literary talents and integrity, and we predict for this en- terprising journal well merited success. J. H. Emerson, Furniture and Undertaker. With the increase of wealth and education of a com- munity comes a greater demand for all articles of art and ■decoration. Delaware' s industries. log- in no line is this more fully shown than in the furni- ture trade, the designs becoming richer and richer every year. One of the best known dealers in this line in this town is Mr. J. H. Emerson. This gentleman first started business in this town about seven years ago as a general upholsterer, and in December, 1888, opened at his present location as an undertaker and funeral director, carrying as well a large and complete stock of furniture of every de- scription. The premises are advantageously located on Broad street. They are of ample size, and are in every respect arranged in the most commodious manner. The stock carried is complete in every respect, com- prising all styles of bedroom, parlor, kitchen, office, and dining-room furniture, besides all sorts of fancy tables, chairs, cabinet ware, fancy brackets, wall ornaments, and in fact almost anything in that line. In addition to the furniture busin>iss Mr. Emerson also continues the undertaking department, all work in this line being given his personal attention at moderate figures. Particulai attention is paid to repairing and special order work, all orders being promptly and carefully exe- cuted. Mr. Emerson has been in this line for some time past, and is fully capable of supplying all demands that may be made upon him. Since establishing here he has commanded the respect and confidence of the community. A member and stew- ard of the Bethesda M. E. Church here, and a member of various secret organizations, he is well known, socially as well as commercially. no Delaware's Industries. Fred Blome, Boots and Shoes. Mr. Blome is a native of Germany, and is a thor- oughly experienced man in this business. He established himself at the present addres- on Main street five years ago, and has met with a very liberal patronage. He has been for fourteen years a resident of Delaware and is well thought of throughout the town. All kinds of repairing and ordered work for men, women and children's foot-wear is executed in a work- manlike manner. His facilities for meeting the demands of the trade are of the best character, while his prices are extremely reasonable. Mr. Blome is a member of the Annual Benefit Soci- ety, and a thorough, practical workman, experienced in his line of business, sparing no pains to give entire satisfac- tion to his many patrons. J. C. Stuart, Boots and Shoes. Perhaps in no line of trade has more improvement been made than in the manufacture of shoes, many of the large Eastern makers having greatly increased their capa. city and ability to turn out fine work. Formerly it was almost impossible to obtain a good shoe ready made ; but, owing to the increased demand for a first-class article, they can now be obtained. One of the principal dealers devoting his energies to this line in this town is Mr. J. C. Stuart. This gentleman started here fifteen years ago, and has built up a large trade. Delaware' s Industries, 1 1 1 The premises are well located in the business center of the town, and are arranged in the most complete man- ner. A very heavy stock is carried, comprising a full line of men's, ladies', misses' and children's boots and shoes, rubbers, slippers, etc., from the most substantial to the most delicate footwear. Repairing is neatly and promptly executed. Custom work is also done in the best manner, the services of several capable workmen being constantly required to further the interests of the trade. Mr. Stuart has, through his long experience in this line, gained a thorough knowledge of the business and the entire confidence of a large number of patrons, who have unimpeachable confidence in his effort to supply a first- class article. He has been a life-long resident of Delaware, and is very well known socially and commercially, and respected by the community as a merchant of integrity and business principles. Edwin Prettyman, Boots and Shoes. One of Middletown's finest and most popular shoe houses is that of Mr Edwin Prettyman, of Main and Broad •streets. This gentleman confine"? himself to the handling of boots and shoes of the finest grades for both sexes, and won widespread popularity by his enterprising and honor- able business methods. Mr. Prettyman founded his business in March, 1890, and, from the outset, his career has been a prosperous and progressive one, until it is now the largest shoe house in the town, due to consistent business methods and a fine line of goods. 112 Delaware' s hidustries. The store presents a bright, tasteful and inviting ap- pearance, the arrangements and furnishings being of a superior character for securing the convenience of custom- ers, and the ample and effective display of the goods car- ried in stock is large and carefully selected, embracing goods from the most durable brogan to the finest slipper; every description of foot wear, boots, shoes, slippers, rubbers, gaiters, etc. The goods are fixed at prices to secure quick sales and the business is brisk. Mr. Pretty man is a native of Delaware, and well thought of by his patrons and friends. In trade circles he is regarded as a reliable dealer. Geo. Echenhofer, Stock Dealer and Dressed Meats. One of the most noted and reliable meat houses in this town is that of Mr. Geo. Echenhofer, eligibly located on Main street. Mr. Echenhofer first commenced business here nine- teen years ago, and now carries on quite an extensive business, supplying a widespread demand and a splendid custom, and deservedly maintains a high reputation for choice, nutritious, wholesome roasts, ribs, steaks, etc., of a quality which may be safely denominated superior. He has had considerable experience as a butcher, and has been in business here nineteen years. His store is neatly arranged and of pleasing appear- ance. Doing his own slaughtering, he knows the quality ©f his goods, and can guarantee them perfectly fresh and healthy. The principal business, however, is stock dealing, and, on the average, he handles some twenty head of live stock weekly, furnishing the trade everywhere with the best goods the market affords. Delaware's Indicstries. 113 Mr. Echenhofer's facilities for obtaining the best meats are all that can be desired. He never fails to give satisfac- tion, both as to quality and prices, and is always ready and prepared to fill orders of any magnitude. He is a native of Germany and a member of Post 2 2> G. A. R., and was formerly a member of the Knights of Pythias, and is well known in trade circles as a reliable dealer. Johnson & Co., Hardware, Guns, and Ammunition. Among the establishments in this town that have achieved a reputation for good goods at moderate charges may be mentioned that of Messrs. Johnson & Co. This business was established about a year ago, and through the ability and untiring energy and enterprise of Mr. Johnson, it has been made a success. The premises are eligibly located upon the main busi- ness thoroughfare of the town. The salesroom is small in size, but arranged in the neatest and most attractive man- ner. The stock carried is varied, comprising all kinds of shelf and household hardware, cutlery, tools, etc., in ex- tensive variety ; in fact, all the many and multitudinous articles that come under these heads. A specialty is made of guns, pistols, ammunition, and sporting goods, all the best makes being handled. Partic- ular attention is paid to repairing firearms, etc., all work being neatly and promptly executed, and no means spared to further the interests of the patron. Mr. W. H. Johnson has. been a lifelong resident of this State, and is widely known and highly respected by a large acquaintance m commercial and social circles. 114 Delaware' s Industries. Mrs. Thomas Massey, Watchmaker and Jeweler. With the increase in wealth and education of a com- tnunity comes a greater demand for all objects of art and personal adornment. Among the houses largely supplying this demand in this town m.ay be mentioned that of Mrs. Thomas Massey. This business was originally established about 22 years ago by Mr. Massey, who managed it most successfully until the time of his death, a short while ago, when it came under the supervision of his wife. The premises are eligibly located on Main street, and are of ample size, forming one of the neatest and most beautiful stores in this section. The stock carried is large, comprising a carefully se- lected assortment of all kinds of American watches, clocks, silverware, rings, jewelry, and many other things that come under these heads. Particular attention is paid to repairing of fine work, a competent assistant being employed at all times in this ■department, leaving no effort unused that will cater to the interests of the trade. Mrs. Massey has been a lifelong resident of this State, and is very well known in this section, socially as well as in a business way, winning the esteem of all with whom she forms business associations. J. B. Roberts, Stoves, Heaters, Ranges, and Tin- ware. The question of properly heating our dwellings has always been a very important problem to solve. One of the best ways is to visit such an establishment as that of Mr. J. B. Roberts. Delaware's Industries. 115 This gentleman opened business in this town about two years ago, and has built up quite a large patronage. The premises are located on Main street. They are of ample size, and are fitted with every convenience for the successful management of business. Here may be found a very complete stock of stoves, heaters, and ranges of the newest patterns. Tin roofing and spouting are also done. A full assortment of all kinds of tin and wooden household goods is also carried. Mr. Roberts is the agent here for the Howe ventilator and the Richardson-Boynton perfect fireplace heater. This latter is one of the most trustworthy heaters in the market. Special attention is paid to repairing, and four skilled workmen and a team are used to facilitate the business, all work being neatly and promptly executed. The workshop is fitted out with all the approved appli- ances and tools. Mr. Roberts has become fully alive to the demands of the trade, and is capable of supplying all demands made upon him. Miss S. A. Howell, Notions, Trimmings and Mil- linery Goods. When in compiling a work of this nature we notice that an establishment has been in active operation for a long period of years, we feel no hesitancy in recommend- ing our readers to trade with such a house, because if the business had not been conducted upon the best principles, it never would have been able to stand such a length of time. ii6 Delaware's Industries. One of the oldest established houses in this city is that of Miss S. A. Howell. This business was started in 1862, and from that time it has had a course of uninterrupted success. The store is located on the main business thorough- fare of the town. It is furnished in the neatest and most attractive manner. A very large stock is carried, comprising all kinds of trimmed and untrimmed hats and bonnets, trimming materials, ribbons, birds' heads, flowers, feathers, etc., be- sides all kinds of notions, fancy goods, embroidery ma- terials, etc. A specialty is made of trimming hats and bonnets to order in the most fashionable metropolitan styles. Miss Howell has been a life-long resident of the city, and is widely known, socially as well as in a business way, commanding a reputable influence in trade circles, due to consistent business methods and personal attention to de- tails of her critical avocation. W. W. Wilson, Cigars and Tobacco. The trade in cigars and manufactured tobaccos forms one of the most important among the many industries occupying the attention of the citizens of Middletown. The business is conducted on a liberal scale and well rep- resented by Mr. W. W. Wilson, of Main street. This establishment was founded by the present pro- prietor in 1876, and by enterprise and the meritorious quality of the goods carried in stock,and the uniform integ- rity characterizing the transaction, has advanced to a posi- tion of commanding importance in the trade. Besides Delaware's Industries. 117 this, a specialty is made of the news business, this being the centre for all the leading New York and Philadelphia daily and weekly papers; magazines, periodicals, books, etc., are handled, and subscription is taken for the various publications of merit. Mr. Wilson is a gentleman of business experience, in- timately familiar with the wants of the trade, active in sup- plying all demands made upon his establishment. He is a native of Delaware, and, in connection with the stock of cigars and tobacco, carries a line of musical instruments, accordeons, etc. The store is of ample size and fully stocked with all smokers' articles and manufactured tobacco and cigars. Miss L. V. Cannon, millinery. J. R. Dawson, general store. J. K. Long, butcher. I. B. Foard, commission merchant. S. S. Holton, general store. S. Pennington, dry goods. Dr. H. Vaughn, druggist. Middletown Hotel. The Rice Steam Ice Cream Manufacturing Co. D. L. Dunning, bookseller. Mrs. J. L. Parsons, notions. C. Ingram, grocery. Davis Bros., farm machinery. S. M. Reynolds & Co., general merchandise. Middletown Transcript. J. Gaylord Bragdon, druggist. I. P. Scott, grocery. A. M. Chamberlain, druggist. ii8 Delaware's Industries. GEORGETOWN. The county seat of Sussex County, and one of the most important towns in Southern Delaware, containing a population of about 2,300 ; it is located on the D., M. & V. branch of the P., W. & B. R. R., about 90 miles south from Wilmington. The town is well laid out, with a large park in the centre, contains some very fine buildings, the Court House and hotel being the principal ones. The surrounding country is a good loamy soil, selling at from $25 to $60 per acre. Corn and wheat are the principal cereals. Peaches and small fruits are also raised extensively. The Farmers' Bank of Wilmington has a branch here. The principal industry for some time was the manufacture of baskets and barrels, which failed in 1889, and since then it has not been in operation, but the prospects are that it will start before long. Two weekly newspapers, four churches, a building and loan association, and a number of various secret socie- ties are in operation ; two hotels, both of which are first class. The town is, on the whole, one of the most prosperous and enterprising in this locality. Delaware's Industries, 119 "Sussex Journal," J. B. Clark, Editor. Also in connection with the commercial enterprises and interests of Delaware it is necessary to do justice to those establishments that have done so much to benefit all classes by the products of the printing-press. In this connection we desire to make a reference to the Sussex Joional, an enterprising and industrious journal, which is located at Georgetown. This paper started many j^ears ago — in fact, it is in the twenty- third year of its publication. It is also an admirably printed and edited thirty-two-column paper, devoted to Democratic politics, practical information and a large amount of local news. It has a circulation of 1,500 copies, extending all over the county, and is also steadily on the increase. It is impossible to speak too highly of the print- ing and paper and the many advantages obtained by its readers. Mr. J. B. Clark, the editor, is a native of Mar^dand, and has been in Delaware many years. He is Record- ing Secretary of the Sussex County Bible Society, and is well thought of by the community for his literary talents and executive ability. Eagle Hotel, J. T. Chipman, Prop. Georgetown has been favored with the benefits and advantages derived from having located in her midst one of the best hotels in the vicinity, which is recognized by travelers as a true type of the modern art of hotel keeping. I20 Delaware's Industries. One of the most popular and best patronized hotels is that of Mr. J. T. Chipman, eligibly located and of ample size, being a substantial building of quaint style and historical appearance. It came under the able management of its present proprietor in Jan- uary, 1890. It is constructed upon the best plans that past experience and skill could devise, and is provided with all the comforts that guests may expect in a well managed hotel, and requires in the prosecution of its affairs the assistance of seven competent people in the various departments. The house contains twenty-two sleeping rooms, spacious office, large stables attached, and in every respect first class. The sleeping rooms are airy and comfortably furnished. The barroom is stocked with a choice line of fine liquors, wines and cigars for the accommodation of the traveling public. Mr. Chipman is a native of Delaware, and was formerly in the mercantile business. He is an experienced hotel man, a genial, enterprising and agreeable host, winning the esteem of the community and the traveling public in general. A free 'bus is run to and from all trains for public convenience. "DeIvAwarean Democrat," Mr. Edwin R. Payn- TER, Editor. In reviewing the commercial enterprises and inter- ests of Delaware it is necessary to do justice to those establishments that have done so much to benefit all classes by the products of the printing press. Delaware's hidustries. 121 In this connection we desire to make a special reference in this commercial review to the "Delawarean Democrat," an enterprising and able journal, which is located at Georgetown. This paper started about eleven years ago as the "Delaware Inquirer," and about nine years ago was purchased by the "Delaware Democrat" Publishing Co., and the name changed to the present one. The ' ' Delawarean Democrat ' ' is an admirably printed and edited four-page journal. Democratic in politics, of practical information, and devoted to all local news. It has a circulation of about 1,400, and is one of the largest in this county, and is steadily increasing. This journal is a splendid advertising medium, and the rates quoted for space are exceedingly moderate. It is impossible to speak too highly of the printing and paper, which is done by cylinder presses, as is also all kinds of job printing to order. Mr. Edwin R. Paynter, the editor, is highly esteemed by the community for his enterprise, literary talents and integrity. H. Rayner, Druggist. One of the most extensive stores of its kind in this section of the state is that of Mr. H. Rayner, a gentleman of many years' experience in this special line of business, and by that experience is fully familiar with drugs and their properties, and is thus qualified to pursue this critical profession. The salesroom occupies an eligible location in a hands-^me and attractive store. The stock embraces a 122 Delaware' s Industries. complete assortment of fresh drugs, medicines and perfumery, pharmaceutical preparations, proprietary- remedies of known merit, and all those articles in the way of druggists' sundries usually to be found in a well-regulated pharmacy. Mr. Rayner is of English nationality, and a resi- dent of the United States for eighteen years. He was formerly in the drug business in England for ten years, and has been four years at his present location. The goods carried further embrace a fine brand of cigars, etc., lamps and lamp goods in large variety, paints, oils, glass, putty, etc. The store is about 20x30 feet in dimensions, with no lack of trade facili- ties for the conduct of the business. Mr. Rayner has now the confidence of the com- munit)' as a practical, analytical and S3^nthetical chemist, and makes a specialty of physicians' and family prescriptions. The laboratory is under his personal supervision, and perfect accuracy is assured. G. H. Macklin, Canning Industry and Dbai^er IN Gbnerai, Merchandise. One of the best equipped establishments is that of Mr. G. H. Macklin, and dates its inception back ten years ago, when this gentleman assumed control. From the beginning, it sustained the highest reputa- tion as a purchasing center for strictly first-class goods. The premises occupied comprise a spacious store about 20x30 feet in dimensions, and completely equipped with all the accessories essential to the satisfactory conduct of the business. Delaware' s Industries. 125 The stock carried embraces every description of staple and fancy groceries, teas, cofifees, sugars, spices, canned goods, notions of all kinds, boots and shoes for men, women and children, harness; in fact, every- thing in horse clothing and goods coming under the head of general merchandise. Mr. Macklin is a native of Delaware, and a mem- ber of the American Mechanics; he is held in the high- est esteem, both in the social and commercial world, for his unswerving honor and strict integrity. Besides- this, he is largely interested in the canning of fruit, peaches and tomatoes especially. In this department, upwards of forty hands are employed, with the necessary building facilities. No lack of appliances are at hand and no means spared to further the interests of a fine trade, extending all- over the peninsula and parts of Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York. George W. Bennum, Practicai. Optician and Jeweler. One of the oldest and most important enterprises established in this town is that of Mr. Geo. W. Bennum. The business was established by this gentleman in August, 1866, and has, by reason of his excellent methods and enterprise, developed quite a trade. This gentleman brings to bear special qualifications, inclu- ding practical experience, perfected facilities, etc. He has ample resources and every facility for the prompt execution of orders. 124 Delaware's hidustries. The premises are most desirably located, and are about 20x40 feet in dimensions. The stock contained is neat and attractive; also, besides a large stock of watches, jewelery, etc., he handles the finest line of optical goods this side of Wilmington. Mr. Bennum is a graduate of the Spencer Optical Manufacturing Company, of New York. He makes a specialty of examining the eyes and personally prepares the genuine crystal pebble and diamond glass. These goods are made to order, and to suit the state of the eye. He is also agent here for the North Carolina Land Association, and the Board of Emigration of North Carolina, assisting in the sale of lands, as well as claim attorney for the increase of pensions and all claims against the government. Mr. Bennum is a native of Delaware; he has served in the army and gained for himself the confidence and esteem of those with whom he forms business or pro- fessional relations. J. H. Maull, Generai, Merchandise. One of the oldest and best establishments in this town is that of Mr. J. H. Maull, which was estab- lished by its present proprietor twenty years ago, and alwa3^s sustained the highest reputation as a purchas- ing center for strictly first-class goods. The premises occupied comprise a spacious and commodious store about 20x30 feet in dimensions, and completely equipped with all the accessories essential to the satisfactory conduct of the business. Delaware' s Industries. 125 The stock carried embraces every description of dry goods, dress goods, linens, white goods, notions, etc., staple and fancy groceries, teas, coffees, sugars, spices, canned goods and provisions, boots and shoes for men, women and children; cigars and tobacco, and everything in the line of general merchandise. Mr. Maull is a native of Delaware, and is well and favorably known to the whole community, and enjoys their confidence and regard for his consistent methods. John H. Short, General and Builders' Hard- ware, Groceries, Etc. About the most complete and best appointed gen- eral store in this section is that of John H. Short, Market street and Railroad avenue. It is in all respects a well ordered and first-class store, where is always carried a complete and exten- sive assortment of everything in the line of staple and family groceries, Mr. Short handling nothing but first- class goods in this department, choice brands of flour, teas, coffees and spices. Customers can rely on getting a superior article and full weight in every instance, as well as prompt and reliable service. Hardware is the special feature of the establishment, however, and all kinds of heavy and shelf goods are here exhibited and supplied at the low- est prices. Tools, cutlery, and farming and house implements of all description, barb wire, rods, iron goods, hollowware, tin and sheet iron, and a line of hardware too comprehensive to mention in detail, as well as china, crockery ware, toys of everj^ kind, etc. 126 Delaware" s Industries. Mr. Short is the agent here for the Adams Ex- press, as well as agent for Harrison's ready mixed paints. A native of Delaware, and a member of the order of Masons, he is known, socially as well as commer- cially, and sustains a reputable position as a reliable business man. W. W. Vincent, JeweivEr. The American people, taken as a whole, are con- stantly adding to their material wealth, and, therefore, arises a refined and correct taste in the matter of per- sonal adornment. For these reasons the productions of the better classes of jewelry houses meet with a steady appreciation and find the demands on them steadily increasing. There is no line of business in which the purchasers are so completely at the mercy of the dealers as the jewelry trade; hence the necessity of selecting a thoroughly reliable store from which to procure such goods. A deserving and popular establishment engaged in this business, enjoying a most enviable reputation for excellent goods, honorable and straightforward deal- ings, is that of Mr. W. W. Vincent, whose well-ordered establishment is located at Public Square, between the bank and Eagle Hotel. He is a dealer in satchels, clocks and jewelry of every description, as well as a line of silverware. Mr. Vincent is a native of Maryland, and has been a resident of this section nearly six years. Delaware" s industries. 127 A special feature is the repairing department. This is under the personal supervision of the proprietor himself, an experienced watchmaker and jeweler, and thus qualified to pursue this critical vocation to the satisfaction of his patrons. Mr. Vincent is one of the presiding officers in the Odd Fellows, the American Mechanics, and is a mem- ber of the order of Masons. Having acquired a thorough knowledge of this trade in all its various branches by years of ex- perience, he at once met with popular favor, and his lias become the leading house in its line of business, it is safe to say, this side of "Wilmington. L. R. Chanck, General Store. Identified with the business prosperity of George- town, L,. R. Chance has one of the largest and most prosperous houses in the town. It was founded in 1875 by Mr. Chance. It is eligibly located, and the administration of its affairs is characterized by wisdom and discernment, Mr. Chance always pursuing a con- servative business system and a liberal policy of trade towards his patrons and the public, and the success he •enjoys is due to these facts. The store is of ample dimensions, 20x40 feet, and is conspicuous. Its interior decorations and arrange- ments are neat and attractive. The stock, which is •extensive in all departments, consists of dress goods, •white goods, linens, notions, trimmings, hosiery, fur- nishings, etc; ladies', gents' and children's shoes, groceries, queensware, tinware, etc. 128 Delaware's Industries. Mr. Chance is a native of Maryland, and a member of the Red Men, and was formerly a member of the American Mechanics. He is well and favorably known. J. T. Wagamon, GkneraIv Merchandise. Probably no branch of commerce has had a more lapid and healthful growth during the past half century than the grocery business, and this growth is to be largely ascribed to the enterprise and eflforts of George- town merchants. In this connection, a brief review with relation to- the history of the house of Mr. J. T. Wagamon. The founder of this business is a native of Delaware. He started the business of which he is now proprietor in January, 1890. The store is tastefully fitted up and arranged, and affords ample accommodations for a large stock of groceries and provisions, teas, cofiees, spices, flour, canned and bottled goods, preserves, etc. " The trade transacted extends throughout the town and vicinity. The stock includes, besides everything to be found in a first-class, well-equipped grocery, a line of all kinds of dry goods and notions, boots and shoes, queensware, hardware, tools, cutlery, etc. The store utilized for business purposes is 20x40 feet in dimensions, neat and attractive. Liberality and promptness have always character- ized this establishment, and no lack of attention be- stowed upon the good-will and demands of the trade. Delaware's Industries. 129 J. J. Boyce, clothing. Brick Hotel, R. A. Rosenbaum, proprietor. Farmers' State Bank. E. Geilinger, confectioner. E. G. Hazel, druggist. N. N. Irwin, general store. Laj'ton & Lay ton, druggists. E. E. Holson, hardware. C. & S. Ennis, dry goods. James H. Speakman, oysters. W. H. lyingo, phosphate. G. R. Mears, boots and shoes. C. H. Taylor. L. Saulsbury & Co., real estate. M. B. Walls, tailor. 130 Delaware' s Indiisirtes. Other Towns of Importance Throughout the State. LEWES— Sussex County. The largest and most important town in Sussex County is situated one-half mile from the Delaware Bay. The Delaware, Maryland and Virginia Railroad passes through the town, thus giving ample facilities for transportation by water and rail. It being the only seaport town in the State, and the only port of entry outside of Wilmington, gives it every opportunity to become a great commercial city. The farming land surrounding is of excellent quality, peaches, grain and small fruits being raised in abun- dance. lyCwes is at present a town of about 2,300 inhabi- tants. The manufacturing industries are very small, however. The fish oil and guano factories of Messrs. Luce Bros, and S. S. Brown & Co., and several evap- orators, form the only manufacturing enterprises. A good public library, of 2,000 volumes, bears testimony to the literary culture of the inhabitants. The public school system in operation is one worthy of imitation on the part of larger cities. The town has four churches and a number of soci- eties and lodges. As in all towns of this nature, the government ofl&cers form a large part of the population. Delaware" s Industries. 131 The following list contains the most prominent persons engaged in the town: Herman O. Ammendsen, agent for^L^. Westergaard & Co., Phila. Robert Arnold, lumber. H. H. Baker, ship supplies. C. Beebe & Bro., general merchandise. W. E. Bingham, agent Maritime Ex., Phila. Breakwater Light, I. H. D. Knowles, Editor. Brereton & McColly, evaporators. D. Burbage & Co., merchants' agents. Alfred L- Burton, lumber. Hiram R. Burton, physician, Wrexham W. Clifton, paper hanger. Thos. T. Conwell, photographer. Wni. C. Conwell, general merchandise. J. H. Dodd & Bro., general merchandise. James Draper, evaporators. Edw. Duflfal, painter and paper hanger. Alex, Harrison, general store. S. P. Hewes, agricultural implements. Virden House, Wm, M. Jefferson, prop, C A, Jenkins, Phila. Maritime Exchange. Jones & Phillips, flour mill. A. S. Mason & Son, boots and shoes. E. J. Morris & Son, cannery. D. L. Mustard & Co. , druggists. New England Wrecking Co. Purnell B. Norman, Jr., grocer, Thos. E. Ricords, general store. Thompson & Martin, men's furnishings and clothing. Virden & Draper, evaporators. 132 Delaware' s Industries. Lemuel W. Waples, conveyancer and notary. E. I/. Warrington & Brc, general store. NEWARK— New Castle County. One of the most important towns in New Castle County, being fifth in point of population. It is situ- ated on the P., W. and B. R. R., twelve miles below Wilmington. It is a rich, loamy soil, of alluvial forma- tion, which has made the peach belt of Delaware famous. Newark is a town of about 1,500 inhabitants, with agricultural, commercial and manufacturing interests about equall}'' mixed, the latter predominating, if any- thing. It contains many fine buildings and beautifully laid out streets. It is surrounded by a thriving agri- cultural country, producing peaches, fruits, corn, grain and vegetables. Among its industries are the Nonantum paper mill, formerly a machine shop and flour mills. The White Clay creek furnishes water power. No town in the State has more right to be proud of its educational facilities than this one. Apart from its public schools, which are numerous and good, it possesses the Delaware College and the Newark Acade- my. The former institute was founded in 1833. A second charter was obtained in 1872, one of the con- ditions being that a pupil from each hundred in the State should be given his tuition free. The academy is a notable institution, having had its inception in 1739. It was endorsed by the Synod in Philadelphia in 1744, and in 1769 it was chartered by Thomas and Richard Penn. Delaware's Industries. 133 Since then its career has been uneventful, but has, however, been marked by a steady growth in reputa- tion and material prosperity. Newark has four churches, a bank and a weekly newspaper. The following are the best and most favorably known business houses: Rankin Armstrong, dry goods. T. F. Armstrong, manufacture of phosphate. James Barton, wharf builder and wheelwright. Bowen & Bro., publishers. D. L. Choate, boots and shoes. W. H. Cook &Co., florists. Curtis & Bro., paper mill. Dean Woolen Co. S. W. Donuell, real estate. E. W. Haines & Sons, dentists. Harry H. Haines, livery stable. Deer Park Hotel, John E. Lewis, prop. A. H. Kyle & Bro., lumber. Wm. McKeown, Justice of Peace. McLaughlin Bros. , flour mills. N. M. Motherall, dry goods. National Bank of Newark. J. W. Parrish, watchmaker. J. P. Rothwell, agricultural implements. Casho Machine Works. Washington House, J. A. Wilson, prop. J. F. Williamson, real estate. H. B. Wright & Co., hardware. Wright & Son, lumber and coal. 134 Delaware' s Industries. IvAUREL— Sussex County. The second town in point of size in Sussex County, situated on the Delaware R. R., 90 miles from Wilmington, and seven from Seaford,the banking town. It is at the head of navigation of Broad Creek, a tributary to the Nanticoke River. The principal exports of Laurel consist of fruits and lumber, the smaller varieties of the former being largely cultivated. Several sawmills are located in this locality. Laurel was incorporated in 1883, and is at the present time an active and prosperous town of 2,000 inhabitants. It is possessed of considerable wealth and business enterprise. Laurel contains churches of leading denominations and three public schools. The cheapness of the land in this vicinity makes it an attractive point to a large majority of the farmers who contemplate purchasing a farm. In the following list will be seen the names of the most prominent merchants and business men: Adams & Co., manufacturers of kegs and crates. Albert Bacon, lumber and saw mill. S. H. Bacon & Co., lumber and saw mill. Joshua Boyce, general store. Calloway Bros., confectionery. J. H. Elliott, Justice of the Peace. Harry Erbsmete, jeweler. D. J. Fooks, fruit shipper. Laurel Gazette, Samuel D. Gordon, Editor. Hastings & Son, shoemakers. Hearn & Son, blacksmiths. Delaware' s Industries. 135 N. B. Hearn & Bro., maaufacturers of hubs. Hitch & Crockett, millinery. A. J. Horsey, mill and vessel owner. G. W. Horsey, basket manufacturer. King & Studley, shoes and groceries. Laurel Roller Mills. Laurel Hotel, J. S. Melvin, prop. Moore & Waller, clothing. Chas. Ottwell, jeweler. Smith & Bro., hardware and stoves. Geo. W. Pusey, men's furnishings. E. J. Richardson, fancy goods. E. B. Riggin & Co., carriage builders. Thomeson & Co., general store. J. S. Torbett & Co., contractors and builders. Union Stove Co., Benjamin Hitch, manager. Waller & Bro., grocers. Ward & Co. , crate and box makers. Marcellus Weatherly, ship builder. J. W. Wooten & Sons, general store. J. Turpin Wright, fruit evaporators. DELAWARE CITY— New Castle County. Situated in Red Lion Hundred, on the Delaware River, 45 miles below Philadelphia, at the confluence of the Delaware and Chesapeake Canal and the river. This point is popularly supposed to be the head of the Delaware Bay. Delaware City was established in 1829 and in 1851 it was incorporated as a city. Its interests are 136 Delaware's Industries. principally commercial and agricultural, though sev- eral factories are in operation — a carriage manufac- tory, a cannery and a mince meat maker. The unusual advantages for water transportation in both directions make the city a most desirable ship- ping point for all fruit raisers in this district. The population of the town and vicinity is about 1,500. There are four churches of prominent denomi- nations, and the best of schools; also a number of fraternal organizations. The following list contains many of the most prominent houses: Chas. A. Alexander, grain and coal. R. Anderson & Son, sturgeon dealers. Ash & Pennington, lumber yard. Beck & Pancoast, mince meat. Frank Bellville, physician. Philip Borger, clothing. W. R. Bright, stoves. Mrs. A. Carter, general merchandise. J. T. Cheairs & Son, general store. Delaware City Hotel, E. A. Stout, prop. Delaware City National Bank. Delaware City News, W. B. Marshall, Editor. Wm. Harlon, jeweler. Helms & Bigger, butchers. M. M. Kirby, tailor. R. H. Moody, carriage builder. J. R. Pennington & Co., general store. Webb Bros., creamery. E. Von Culin & Co . furniture. Also many other houses. Delaware's Industries. 137 DELMAR— Sussex County. A thriving manufacturing town in the far southern section of the State. It is the terminus of the Dela- ware R. R. The residents generally use the banks of Seaford. The lumber interests are the most important, the large planing mill of Messrs. Sirmon & Co. being located here. The same firm also own and operate a crate and basket factory. A brick yard and several distilleries are also located here. The soil is of a loamy, sandy nature, particularly suitable for the cultivation of small fruits and vege- tables. The unsurpassed transportation facilities, both North and South, give the town prestige as a shipping point. There are two churches and a public school main- tained. The population of the town and surrounding country is about 500. The following form a group of some of the most important business men and stores: Delmar Union Store, W. S. Hitchins, manager. Elliott & Ellis, general store. Sirmon & Co., lumber and general mdse. German & Elliott, brickmakers. Hastings & Co., general store. Hotel Delmar, T. A. Veasey, prop. Melsen & Elliott, general store. C. A. Parker & Co., dry goods. S. K. Slemons & Bro., general store. James H. Tyre, Justice of the Peace. Watson & Ellis, butchers. J. A. Wright, physician. 138 Delaware's hidustnes. CAMDEN— Kent County. One of the oldest and most flourishing towns in this district, although it is less favored by railroad facilities than many of its younger neighbors. The rich farming and fruit growing district which sur- rounds it brings wealth and prosperity. The largest industries are the canneries, three in number, employing about four hundred and fifty per- sons. The town is three miles from Dover and one from Wyoming, its nearest railroad station. Water transportation is reached by way of I^ebanon, on the Jones Creek, Four churches, including a Friends' meeting house are situated here, and the best public and private schools. The town is well laid out and contains many old and comfortable residences. The population of the town and surrounding country is about one thousand. The banks most used b}^ the residents are those of Dover. The following form a group of representative residents: C. M. Carey, jeweler and optician. Alexander Campbell, confectioner. Jas. W. Catts, cigars and stationery. lyUther C. Conwell, physician. Walter Council, harness maker. Roberto. Dunn, contractor. Geo. H. Oildersleeve, cannery. Graham & Bro., furniture. Jas. Iv. Oraham, druggist. Jno. G. Graham, general merchandise. Blias Hammond, flour and feed. Delaware's Industries. 139 J. C. Hinsley, wheelwright. J. Hall Hiusley, grocer. Holies & Bro., butchers. Alex. Jackson, Jr., law and insurance. Wm. R. Postles, boots, shoes and hats. IvOckerman & Smith, auctioneers. C. W. Lord, hardware. A. H. Lowber, agricultural implements. National Hotel, W. J. Rathil, proprietor. W. B. Nock, druggist. Wm. H Sarde, Justice of the Peace. Geo. W. Scott, blacksmith. Schilling & Bro., stoves and heaters. Stetson & Ellison, canner5^ Henry Taylor, cannery, and others of equal prominence SEAFORD—Sussex County. It is situated on the Delaware Railroad, sixteen miles from Georgetown, the county seat. The sur- rounding country is level and highly cultivated, the principal crops being peaches, grain, corn, small fruits, and vegetables. The town is built on the north banks of the Nan- ticoke River, a large navigable tributary to the Chesa- peake, of sufficient depth to admit vessels of heavy draught, and forms a very valuable feeder to the com- mercial interests of the town. One of the principal enterprises is the canning of 03'sters, six firms being in this line and sending yearly many thousand cans to all portions of the world. 140 Delaware' s Indus fries, A basket factory, a phosphate manufactory, a cannery and a ship yard are among the other indus- tries. There are five churches, two national banks and schools of the best class. The population of the town and surrounding country is about 2,300. The following form a group of the most promi- nent business men: M. W. Allen, notary public. S. S. Brown, marble yard. W. J. Calloway, tailor. T. E. Cottingham & Co , hardware and implements. Coulbourn & Huey, basket manufacturers. W. H. Coulbourn, lumber and coal. Donoho & Co., oyster packers. Jno. Dunning & Co., real estate. Emer}^ & Co., oyster packers. First National Bank of Seaford. A. Greenabaum, clothing, Greenabaum Bros., oyster packers. Euther W. Hurley, lumber and coal. J. L. Johnson, livery stable. Kinney & Warrington, merchants. Hon. E. E. Martin, attorney at law. Morrow & Button, oyster packers. Obier & Willey, roller mills. Coulbourn House, H. C. Pennington, prop. Henry E. Phillips, dry goods and furniture. W. M. Ross & Co., manufacturers of fertilizers. Stevens & Donoho, grocers. Wm. H. Stevens & Co., oyster packers and manufac- turers of lime. Sussex National Bank. Delaware's industries. 141 ODESSA— New Castle County. Situated in the southeastern portion of St. George's Hundred, on the Appoquinimink, twenty-five miles from Wilmington and three miles from Middletown, its nearest railroad station. The country surrounding is well cleared and highly cultivated land, selling from $25 to $100 per acre. The river is navigable and a line of steamers run between here and Philadelphia. Of the manufacturing interests, the production of chemicals and fertilizers is the most important; there is also a cannery, and a large carriage and agricultural implement house. In December, 1887, at a meeting held by the citi- zens, the following proposition was made to capitalists: "To any manufacturer who will locate here, we will donate a site of land, and the town will relinquish the tax on any manufacturer for a period of twenty years. We do not know of a better location or a more generous offer than this. The town is well built; it has a handsome public hall and library, containing 3,000 volumes, a national bank, four churches, good public schools, and a loan association. The popula- tion of the town and surrounding country is about 1,300." The following are the most important business enterprises : John G. Armstrong, general store, L. V. Aspril & Son, hardware and implements. John C. Baker, druggist. The Cantwell Mutual Insurance Company. Davis Bros., grocers. 142 Delaware' s Industries. Frank Duggan, carriage builder. T. T. Enos & Son, furniture and undertakers. Joseph Hume, chemist. F. W. Hyatt, general store. Odessa Hotel, Chas. W. Lloyd. Lord & Polk Chemical Company. Stedham House, C. P. Stedham, proprietor. Watkins Packing Company. F. B. Watkins, general store. BRIDGEVILE— Sussex County. An important and flourishing town, situated in the Northwestern Fork Hundred, on the Delaware railroad, about fourteen miles from Georgetown. The country is level and well cleared, and the soil is very productive. Land is worth from $25 to $100 per acre, according to location. There are numerous large industries, a canning factory a barrel stave and basket manufactory and a large grist mill. The Delaware railroad afifords the best facilities for transportation. The residents mainly use the banks of Seaford, which is seven miles distant. An excellent library and reading room is maintained. The population of the town and neighborhood is about 1,500. There are two churches, a public school and a number of fraternal organizations. The following form the most important merchants and residents: Batsom M. Adams, general merchandise. Daniel C. Adams, undertaker. Delaware' s Industries. 143 H. P. & P. L. Cannon, cannery and lumber dealers. Cottrell, Trout & Green, millers. Thomas J. Gray, Philadelphia, Wilmington and Bal- timore agent Richard W. Cannon, hardware and drugs. Honsil & Company, grocers. John T. Jacob, Justice of the Peace. Layton Bros., general merchandise. John R. Rickards, distiller. Myer & Son, nurserymen. Patton & Moore, general merchandise. Ward & Davis, general merchandise. Wilbur Ridgeway, real estate, and many others of more or less prominence. BLACKBIRD— New Castle County. It is located in the northwestern portion of Black- bird Hundred, about a mile from the railroad station, being six miles from Middletown. It is a rolling country and is very productive in grains and fruits. The marketing facilities are very good, it being on the Blackbird Creek, a navigable stream. The banks in general use are those of Smyrna and Middletown. The population of the town and vicinity is about 250. A Methodist church is situated here, and a public school. The most prosperous merchants and residents are: Richard Brockson, merchant. Thos. Deakyne, Justice of the Peace. Vincent O. Hill, hotel. J 44 Delaware' s hidustries. Benjamin F. IvOckerman, druggist. Charles B. Taylor, furrier. David Rankin, physician. Wm. Rhodes, miller. Charles B. Satterfield, general merchandise, and a number of other merchants, farmers, etc. BETHEL— Sussex County. A thriving village in Broad Creek Hundred, situ- ated on that stream, a tributary of the Nanticoke River. It is three miles from lyaurel. Although not a railroad station, it has excellent facilities for trans- portation, having a daily line of steamers to Baltimore and numerous trading vessels to different points. Among its industries are a marine railway, a saw and planing mill, employing from thirty to fifty work- men. The land is level and productive in corn, peaches and several fruits. I^and sells in this section at about %\o per acre. The banks generally used by the residents are those at Seaford. There are two churches and the best of school facilities. A local order of the Red Men is located here. The most prominent residents are : Messrs. Cannon & Bro., mill owners. Robert Ellegood, physician. Joshua H. Marvel, merchant. Moon & Son, groceries and general merchandise. Delaware' s Industries. 145 Geo. K. Phillips, general merchandise. J. B. Quillin & Co., general merchandise. William T. Moore. Capt. Henry Williams, besides numerous other gen- tlemen. ASHLAND— New Castle County. A prosperous manufacturing and agricultural village, it is located on the Red Clay Creek and twelve miles from Wilmington, on the Delaware and Western Railroad, and is seven miles from there by air line. It is a very rich farming district, all the cereals, vegetables and fruits being produced. It has a very good water power furnished by the creek, and it is utilized by numerous mills and factor- ies scattered along its banks. The largest and most prominent industry is the flour mill owned by Messrs. A. & J. D. Sharpless. Farming land is worth from $50 to $100 per acre, according to location and improvements. A Catholic church and good schools are con- venient. The following form the most important group of business men: Messrs. A. & J. D. Sharpless, Ashland Flour Mills. Edgar & Otley Vernon, butchers. M. C Dixon, ticket, freight and express agent. B. McCanns, broom maker. Wilmer Craig, farmer. Peter Mason, farmer, and many others of greater or lesser importance. 146 Delaware s Lidusttics. BHl^IyEVUE— New Castle County. Abeautiful neighborhood on the P., W. & B. R. R., situated in the eastern part of Brandywine Hundred, about five miles from Wilmington. A fine view of the Delaware can be obtained from this point. Land is rolling, the soil is rocky, but very productive in all kinds of cereals and truck. A large number of fine residences have been erected here. One of the most prominent manufacturing in- dustries is the Delaware Extract Co., which gives em- ployment to about forty persons. A large Methodist church and a good school. Among the most prominent are the following: Delaware Extract Company. G. W. Cayle, railroad foreman. Robert Hanby. W. B. lyivermore, agent P., W. & B. R. R., and many prominent farmers. WYOMING— Kent County. The largest peach shipping station in the state, situated on the Delaware Railroad, three miles below Dover. It is a live and energetic place, especially during the fruit season. The country around is very fertile, and seems especially adapted to the production of peaches; other fruits and vegetables are grown, how- ever. A canning factory and evaporator, and a large flour and grist mill, roller process, form the chief industries. Delmvare s Indiisiries. 147 This section of the country shows a fine opening fir any manufacturing business, the transportation facilities being the best. There are three churches and an excellent school maintained. The population of Wyoming and vicinity is about five hundred. The following are among the most responsible business houses: Aldrich & Son, hardware and general store, E. J. Brown, physician and druggist. M. Crossmore, blacksmith. Robt. J. Diefenderfer, slate roofer. Hunn & Emerson, fruit dealers. Jakes & Son, general store. Ellwood Jenkins, coal, lime and cement.. Robt. Lindale, grist mill. Pretty man & Evans, manufacturers of bed' springs.. D. M. Ridgely, manufacturer of phosphate. NEWPORT— New Castle County. A thriving town of about 750 inhabitants, situated on the P., W. & B. R R., four miles from Wilmington. It is built on the north side of the Christiana River, which is navigable here for vessels of moderate draught. A rich agricultural country surrounds the village, the land being naturally fertile and highly cultivated. A large sheet iron rolling mill has lately been es- tablished here. The Newport National Bank has a capital of $75,000. 34^ Delaware' s hidiishics. An extensive business is carried on in the manu- facture and sale of fertilizers. There are Masonic and Red Men's Lodges, a building association, three churches and first-class schools. The following are the most prominent business men: Jos. Barrett & Son, wheelwrights. J. A. Cranston Co., fertilizers. Samuel Cranston, nursery. J. M. Flinn, drugs and physician. Wm. Hillyard, general store. J. W. R. Kilgore, general store. Marshall Iron Co. Worth & Groon, general store. -Chas. Williard & Bro., wood. TOWNSEND— New Castle County. An important town on the Delaware Railroad, 'twenty-nine miles below Wilmington. As a terminus of the Queen Anne and Kent County Railroad, running to Centerville, Maryland, and connecting at Massey's with the Baltimore and Delaware Bay Railroad for f Chesterton, Townsend enjoys unusual transportation ifacilities. It is an incorporated town, with a board of five ^commissioners. Two lumber yards, a brick yard and an evapora- •^tor form the chief industries. Middletown, four miles distant, furnishes banking tconveniences. I Delaware's Industries. I4g-. The surrounding farming land is highly cultivated, and very fertile. Fine crops of peaches and grain are produced. A Methodist church, a public school and a build- ing and loan association are maintained. The popula- tion of the town and surrounding country is about five hundred. The following are the most important busines.'i men in the city: Thos. Brattan, justice of peace. Daniel C. Collins, agricultural implements, James L,. Dickinson, hotel. Mrs. Floyd, dry goods. Benj. F. Grim, general store. J. A. Harman, flour mill. Geo. Hart, M. D., grain, coal and fertilizers. J. S. & \V. Lattonius, dry goods. D. B. Maloney, lumber, lime and bricks. Thos Maloney, hardware. Jno. W. Naudain, broom manufacturer. David Wells, carpenter. Truman Rose, implements. F'rancis A. Reihm, nurservnian. FREDERICA— Kent County. • A flourishing town, situated in the eastern part of South Murderkill Hundred, on the Murderkill Creek; it is .six miles from Felton, its nearest railroad station, a daily stage connecting the two towns. The soil is above the average and will produce any kind of fruit, vegetables or cereals. The market- 150 Delaware's Industries. ing facilities are good, it being within easy reach of both rail and water connection. Much of the fruit raised is used in the home canneries, four being located here. A phosphate factory is also in operation. The banks in general use are those of Dover and Milford. There are three churches and schools, besides many fraternal and social organizations. The following list contains some of the most im- portant business men: Artes & Co., butchers. Benj. F. Burton, general store. Thos. D. Burton, justice of the peace. Mrs. E. A. Camper, millinery. Carter & Emory, agricultural implements. \Vm. A. Coiuier, furniture. Hon. Jno. W. Hall, ex- Governor. T. T. Lacey. phosphate manufacturing. G. W. Parkinson, carriage builder. H. A. Reik & Co., canners. Rejmolds & Postles, general store and canners. Rogers Bros., phosphate manufacturers. J. C. McCaffrey, harness. 33. Whitely, physician and drugs, besides many other merchants, mechanics, farmers and representatives of various other walks of life. FEETON— Kent Co. A flourishing town of about Soo inhabitants, eleven miles south of Dover, on the Delaware Railroad. It is quite important as a manufacturing town, having a crate and basket factory, a cannerj', two saw mills and Delaware's Industries. 151 two carriage factories. It is noted as the centre of a fine fruit producing region. There are two churches, ample school facilities, and lodges of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Honor and Knights of Pythias maintained. The land surrounding is highly cultivated and sells anj'where from $40 to $100 per acre. The following form a group of the most important business men: Baxter & Killin, general store. Mrs. J. Baxter, millinery. Caldwell & Wilson, hardware. Conner & Son, grain merchants. Peter Creadick, justice of the peace and notary public. Mrs. M. L. Collins, millinery. J. D. Eaton & Co., general store. G. W. Eliason, general store. G. W. Godwin, contractor. F. Iv Hardesty, carriages. Hubbard & Son, basket makers. Smoot's Hotel, W. H. Smoot, proprietor. Luff & Bro., general store. J. M. Luff, physician and druggist. M. Morris Stevenson, druggist. John Waldman, saw mill. FARMINGTON— Kent County. A flourishing village on the Delaware Railroad, situated in the southern portion of Misphelion Hun- dred, about nine miles from Milford, its banking town. 152 Delaware' s Industries. The soil is composed of a heavy clay, black loam and sand, from which the best crops can be obtained, v.'heat, corn, oats, fruit and vegetables being grown. This is a great centre for tomatoes, the soil being particularly adapted to their culture. This section would make a desirable section for stock raising. The facilities for marketing the product are the best, the Delaware Railroad passing through it. There are two churches and a good public school, besides a local organization of the I. O. O. F. The following are the most important business men : Bullock Bros., butchers. Asbury M. Day, druggist and physician. J. J. Hand}^ & Co., general merchants and stock raisers. Chas. J. Harrington, general store. N. R. Johnson & Co., canners and evaporators. Wm. H. Murphy, carriage builder and blacksmith. Pemberton C Pretty man, baskets and phosphate. Llewellyn Sharp, justice of the peace. HARRINGTON— Kent County. A flourishing town of about 1,000 inhabitants, situated at the junction of Delaware and the Junction and Breakwater Railroad. It is a live manufacturing town, with a rich farming country surrounding. The transportation facilities are unsurpassed, and in fact they have been the principal factor in the de- velopment of the town, which dates back as far as the construction of the Delaware Railroad. Delaware's Industries. 155 Excellent farms close to the line of the railroad can be had for from $25 to $100 per acre, according- to the improvements. There are three churches, the Methodist, the Presbj'terian and the Episcopal denominations being represented. There are ample school facilities. Two secret organizations are represented, the Odd Fellows and the Heptasophs. The following list furnishes the names of many of the most prominent business men: S. O. Anderson, general store. L. W. Betts, watchmaker. R. S. Burdock, Sr., physician and druggist. Henry N. Clark, justice of the peace. Ezekiel Fleming, lumber dealer. O. J. Franklin, crate manufacturer. Alex. Harrington, brick maker. Harrington E?iterprise, Johnson & Hopkins, publishers. Hezekiah Harrington, general store. Samuel S. Harrington, phosphate manufacturer. Wright & Callaway, contractors. Lewis & Ward, druggists. G. H. Murphy & Co., cabinet makers. N. F. Raughley & Co., agricultural implements. Wm. T. Sharp, men's furnishings. Smith & Masten, coal and builders' materials. CHRISTIANA— New Castle County. This town is pleasantly located on the banks of the river of the same name, in White Clay Hundred. It is nine miles southwest of Wilmington^ 154 Delaware' s Industries. its railroad connection being the P., W. and B., which runs within two miles of it. Good water communica- tion is also furnished by the Christiana Creek. The principal farming products are grain, fruit and vegetables, market for which is found in Wilming- ton. This town presents a most favorable opening for any manufacturing enterprise. The banks most used are those of Newark and Newport. The population of the town and vicinity is about 450. There are two churches, one school and a lodge of the I. O. G. T. maintained. Among the most prominent are the following busi- ness men: Wm. B. Currender, hotel. Weir & Marshall, general mdse. A. G. Webber & Bro., agricultural implements. Piatt & Elkinton, millers. Mrs. Sarah E. Wier, millinery. James Johnson, hotel. Francis ly Springer, physician. B. & J. Peters, general mdse. There are many other prominent persons. CI.AYTON— Kent County. A prosperous town and railroad center in the most northern portion of the count}^ situated on the Dela- ware Railroad, 12 miles north of Dover. At this point the Baltimore and Delaware Bay Railroad connects with the Delaware Railroad, affording communication Delaware' s Industries. 155 to the Chesapeake Bay, and as a terminus of the Dela- ware and Chesapeake Railroad it has another means of communication with Baltimore and points on the bay. It is about three-quarters of a mile from Smyrna, one of the best towns in the State, a branch road con- necting the two. The land surrounding is of the finest quality, varying in price from $25 to $100 per acre. .The commercial interests of the town are repre- sented by the following business men: David Boggs, confectionery. Geo. Brockson, merchant. Ella Conner, notions. C. G. Harminson, drugs and physician. Walter S. Reynolds, general mdse. Hudson & Moore, lumber, grain and fruit. Wm. Leinburger, butcher. There are also many others of more or less impor- tance. MILTON— Sussex County. Situated in the central part of the Broadkiln Hundred, at the head of Broadkiln river, eight miles from Georgetown, and its banking town. Its nearest railroad station is Harbison, four miles away. There are eighteen vessels plying between this port and New York and Philadelphia, carrying freight of all kinds. Country surrounding is level and well cleared. It is particularly adapted to the culture of peaches, apples, fruits, wheat, corn and potatoes. 156 Delaware' s Industries. Among its principal industries are a brick yard, a chemical works, four fruit evaporators and three ship yards, emplo3dng in all about 500 persons. There are four churches of leading denominations and public schools with ample educational facilities. The secret societias and other mutual organizations are well represented. Among the most prominent business houses are the following: Atkins & Son, general store. Black & Bro., general store. John I/. Black, flour and feed. Burton & Parker, general store. Mrs. H. P. Burton, millinery. Cornelius J. Carey, stoves and tinware, lyouis B. Chandler, Justice of the Peace. C. Coulter Davidson, ship builder. Thomas Douglas, druggist. J. W. Fox & Bro., general store. Hart's Hotel, Jno. A. Hickman, prop, lyingo & Collins, general store. Ponder House, Wm. C. Lofland, prop. James Ponder, grain and fertilizers. James H. Warrington, agricultural implements. Welch & Starke}^ druggists and jewelers. Willey & Virden, meats. CKNTERVIIvIyE - New Castle County. Situated in the northern portion of Christiana Hun- dred, near the Brandywiue, it being one of the highest points in Delaware. It is seven miles from Wilming- Delaware's hidzistries. 157 ton and two and one-half miles from Farville, on the Baltimore Central Railroad. * The country is level and mostly cleared. The soil is good and .is very productive, producing large crops of grain, truck and fruits; tobacco is also extensively grown. The Wilmington banks are in general use. That city is reached by the W. & N. R. R. There are two churches and a large public hall with a seating capacity of 250. There are a number of fraternal and social organizations also maintained. The following form a partial list of the most pros- perous business men: Jos. H. Chandler, physician. M. E. Colquhoun, druggist and general mdse. Thos. M. Dalton, general store. Henry Kent blacksmith. Thos. Kinsey. Jno. M. McCullough, carpenter. Proud & Merrick, cattle dealers. James C. Smith, drover. Wm. Smith, watches and clocks. Thos. R. Wilson, coal and wood. There are many other farmers, merchants and resi- dents in all pursuits. I NDEX. Part First. Adair, L. F Adams & Bro Ainscow, A. L., & Co. . . Ainsworth & Lingo . . Ainsworth Boiler and Covering Co Alsentzer, Wm . . . . Avars & Son Pipe Babcock, W. II Bannar & Munn .... Barkley (J.) & Bros. Co. Ba.Tter, W., & Bro. . . . Baylis, J. K Blocksoin & Spear . . . Boddy, 8. Lloyd .... Booker & Whitcsell . . Bovvers, Wni. II BradHeld il. A. ... Bradford (James) Co.. . Bradway »S: Miller . . . Brady, .Miss S Brandywine Mills . . . Brierley, A Bright, Paul Bringhiirst, II. B. . . . Brison, John C Brown, II. A Brown, II. L Brown, J. Paul .... Browii, W. C Bryan, James M liueher, .\lbert Buclier, Harry E. . . . Buehler, .\., &('o. . . . Bullock, n. S 124 118 197 20 18 91 100 130 168 23 262 120 211 109 189 234 105 47 104 209 33 238 110 102 282 24t) 237 12.') lo7 227 193 90 19-") 2")9 Champion Wagon ^Vorks . . Christiana Window Glass Co. Cleaver & Hearn Cleland, George D Clerk, W. B., & Co Cole & Co Conner, J. A Corbit, Frank Cranor & Co Cranston (John A.) Co. . . . Cranston (John A.) Lumber Company Crosby & Hill Culbert, N. B C'urlett, Miss Florence D. . . Danforth, N. B Davis, C. P Davis, Millard F. . . Delaware (.-ar Works . . . Delaware Chemical Co. . Delaware Printing Co. . Dennis, Mrs. M. E. . . . Denuison & Peach . . . De Soto Bros Dcverell, VV. II Diamond State Brewery Diamond State Iron Co. Dillin, Mrs. M Dougherty, Kate .... Dougherty, Mrs. M. J. . Doughten. J. P., & Co. . Dubell Cliarles E. . . . Duliy, Thomas Duncan ISros Durstein, S. H 179 52 83 127 17 82 261 81 130 140 142 122 177 101 80 76 211 60 17 84 100 272 116 266 25 51 154 84 145 92 261 274 99 208 Cahill & (3o Cann Brf)thers . . . . Cantwell, (icnrge H. . Capi'lle Hardware Co. Carter, Miss K. M. . . 2S3'Earle, W. G 267 255' Eaton, J. N 194 10a i:bner, P 224 132 1 Edge Mo»r Iron Co 42 164!Edwards, J. II 258 INDEX. Edwards, W. R. . . Elliott & Clark . . Evans, G. W., & Co. Evening Journal . . Farra, W. G Fell & Peoples . . • . Forman, P. B. & J. B. Frank, Wm. E Frist & Allmon . . . Fuhr, John S Fulton, II. K Gardner, J. T Gatta & Kaiser Gawthrop & Bro Giles, Ferris Gluckman, B Godwin, J. W., & Co. . . . Goldberg, Mrs. E. M. . . . Goodwin, Mrs. A. S. . . . Gordon, 8 Gosnell, Win Gray & Deputy Greennian, Joseph H., Jr. Grinsell, Thomsis Grubb, Charles M 245, Humphrey, E. A., & Bro.. . lOl 185 Ilnrlock, C. S., & Bro. ... 278 215 77 Jacquot, Albert 264 James, Maury 147 92 Janney & Co 151 llSJeflerson, Miss A 96 190 Jones, A.B 85 146 Jones, A. S 192 196 .Jones, D. B 107 163 Jones, Guthrie & Co 62 181 .Jones, .James M. ._ 163 Johnson & Barnhill 137 Joseph, Walter 218 201 230 29 126 111 148 149 271 79 247 229 159 207 Kelly, James A . ... Kennard & Co ... Kennebec Ice & Coal Co Kent, Lindley C. . . . Kent & Weeks Kern, Joseph ... Kirby, Mrs. R. S 257 131 224 28 243 127 143 Kurtz, John D 175 Hammitt, J. II Hanf, E. E. Ilarman, J. & J. N Hark ins, J. II Hartlove, W. H Hartinann & Fehrenbach Brewing Company .... Hawkins, Samuel Hayden, M. F Hayes, Mrs. Alice W Hearn, Wm. B. Held & Co Heiss, L. .* Hertel & Co Hickman, F. P. Hitchins, James Holdman, Fred. ..... Huber, George H. . . ^. . . Iluber, Wm Hukill & Poist Lang, W. &J 50 Le Compte, Miss M . . . . 157 24llLichtenstein& Hart . ... 98 iLincoln, G. D 153 254 Lloyd, W. II 162 186iLobdell Car Wheel Co . . . 43 152'Lovell& Work 213 lS7iLowe, H. W 231 233 iMaroney, C. P 200 HMarr, John R 205 87, Martin, William C 263 93 Martin & Pure . . .167 145McC.ibe&Darragh 30 177 278 281 2S4 281 171 274 216 82 McCay, J. E 239 McClary, W. J 56 McComb, Thomas 196 McDaniel, B. F. & Co. ... 97 McFcrren, George 285 McIIugh, Thomas 73 McKec & Pyle 64 McKeongh, Mrs. M 160 McLaughlin Bros 183 214'McLear & Kendall 41 tNDEX. Ill McManus, E. J 241 Saville's Candy Kitchen. . McVey, John 74 Sayers, John Mearns, W. T 95 Sfhafer, John II Megary, M. &Son 49!Searle, F. C Meiler, C. L 155 Selak & Young ... Melclioir, Edward Hl'Shaller, A Messick, L. L 22] Sliarp, William B. & Co. . Mevei-s, M 90:Slieward & ( handler. . . . Middleton, C. S ■ . - . . . 150|t<]iort & Lefierts Mitchell, Frank A 203|Sininjon.s, C. L Moerk, P^rnest G 277iSimmons, S. G. &Bro3 . . Montgomery, J. R. E. . . . 154Sininis, Dr. J. &Son . . . Moore, William S 22fi Morgan & iSawdon 159 Morning News 68 Morrow Bros 75 Morrow, W. J 228 Movstiu & Brown 109 MuVphy, E. W 248 Murphy, Frank J 07 Murphy, Miss M T . 144 Smith, Beaton. Smith, Frank Eoop . Smith, J. Jerome . . Smith, T. B Speakman, S . . . . Speakman, William . Spear, Spruance & Co Speer, G. I StaHbrd, James A . . Stanton, D L . . . . Steinicken, George . . Steinicken, Lena P . ,,> J Stewart, Charles . „ .^ Stradley, C. G . . ,i!'- Strang,' Miss E. E Palmer, John 252 Parker, 11. C 280^ Pedrick, Mark Perkins, J. Will Plunkett, Philip G . . . Porter & Co 119',^ , ,, ,, r> I 1 AT * oo-ilaggJirt, Mrs. 31 I'uhl, Mrs. Anna 2.>)!r., r." -',-, r Pullman Palace Car Co. . . . 4f)lp , ^', ,; '^ ' " Pusey & Jones Co r.7 |^^V^^^ ^i"""' ;/ . Pyle, William M j.^g laylor, Mrs. Morns 91 253 170 121 286 239 129 2(;9 170 214 244 151 236 156 173 87 108 86 218 172 172 270 123 124 201 235 100 Quigley & Mullen 32 Quimbey, Miss C 143 Quinn, George W 70 Ragey, J 117 Rice, E. L 217 Rigney, J. II 178 Rignev tt Co 11." Riley," E. B 14L Robelen, William G . . . . 251 Robinson, W. H 178 Ross, D 80 Rosin (feBro 219 Truitt, D.S Rossiter, Mrs. C 131 Turner, William ^ lylor Taylor «°"' J" ^ ^S Warner (Charles) Co . - . . 134,™ i-^gVn- it ' \vl Weil Prof jQoWood, Phihp H 112 Welch, CF.&CAy'.' '.' . '. i^i'^oo\^onh,F.W.&Co.. . 88 West End Palace Stables . . 256 ,\7'7/ ^ ., f "^ Weyl, C . . -. 212 ^^^"'" "^ ^ ^^^ White, Samuel J 53 Yerger, Harry 192 Williams & Hopkins 273 Yetter, Charles 183 Part Second. Adkins, J. W Advance Steam Laundry . Allee, J. Frank ... American Clothing House 44 Delaware Electric Light and 8 Power Co 98 20 Denney, Robert 84 16| Deputy, J. H 38 Bacon, .Joseph C. . Bonn, George W. . Benson, A. K. . . . Bennum, George W. Blome, Fred. . . . Boyle, Arthur R. . Brady, John F. . . Bridgewater, J. G. . Burstan, Solomon . Campbell, A. J. . . Carter, J. E Casson, Fisher & Co. Central Hotel . . . Chance, L. R. . . Chase, L. M., & Son Clarke & McDaniel Clewell, C. H. . . . Collins, Mrs. L. . . Cowgill Drug Co. . Creen, J. J Culbreth, T. O. . . . Cullen, W. P. . . . Culveyhouse, Wm. . Davidson, Amos E. . Davi.s,Wm. H. . . . Ddauarean Democrat 65 10 18' 123 110! 25 73 60 96 6 86 15 37 127 62 27 56 81 2 17 22 38 13 63 52 120 Eagle, Fred. T 71 Eagle Hotel 119 Echenhofer, George 112 Eliason, J. T. & L. E 69 Emerson, J. H 108 Evans, S. C 47 Faries, Wm 77 Fleming, John 66 Foreaker, Miss Elma .... 11 Gait, Ezekiel 9 Geilinger, E 48 Graham, Mrs. M. E 6 Hammersley, T 41 Handy, Edward W 56 Hanf, Theodore W 67 Hardcastle, M. L 102 Harris, B. Frank 12 Hoflecker, Elmer 78 Holzmueller, Charles 52 Holson, E 39 Hopkins, George S 95 Hotel Richardson 5 Howell, Miss S. A 115 Hudson, Mrs. S. E 43 Hunter, Wm. J 60 INDEX. Johnson & Co Jones, E. S. . . . . Jump, Mrs. A. , . Kates, Wm. Kinkeatl, Miss Mary A. Knaiise, J. (r. Lank, David & Son. Lawson, I). A . Layton, James A. . Lee, Miss R. A . Letherbury, W. S . Macklin, (J. H . . . Masse V, Mrs. Tliomas . Mauli; J. JI McCoy, L. (' McKee, Harry L. . . . McKee, Mrs. A. M. . . Moucur, \Villiam. Montgomery, D. ('., Jr Montgomery, Mrs. J. li. Moore, A. H Moore, W. 11. & Co . . National Hotel .... Palmer, John II Parvis & Williams Co. Pierce & ( avmean . Prettyman Bros Prettyman, Edwin . . . Prettvman, W. W . . Price", J. V . Ravner, II Reedy, H . Kegi.ster, ('. II . Reynolds, W. R. Ridiaud.soii 4,S 114 101 18 ^-fl