THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES THE ETHEL PARK RICHARDSON AMERICAN FOLKLORE FUND MORE PENNSYLVANIA MOUNTAIN STORIES OLE BULL'S CASTLE From the painting b u C. H. Sh ea , er Jlennsirliranra "Ye who love a nation's legends. Love the ballads of a people. That like voices from afar off Call to us to pause and listen." Longfellow HENRY W. SHOEMAKER Author of Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Pennsylvania Mountain Verses, Etc. 1912 COPYRIGHTED Published by The Bright Printing Company Reading, Pennsylvania EXPLANATORY PREFACE T of the readers of "Pennsyl- vania Mountain Stories" and its predecessor, "Wild Life in West- ern Pennsylvania," were aware of the purpose and origin of the legends, but, for the benefit of the readers of this book who have not seen the earlier volumes, the author takes this opportunity for explanation. In the first place, having been born and educated in a great city, his liveliest sensations and observations were naturally aroused by visits which began at an early age to the mountains of Central Pennsylvania. As it is said that country boys make the most eager reporters for city newspapers, all the scenes being so new to them, in the same way it fell to the lot of the city-bred author to become a chronicler of Pennsylvania Mountain Legends. Realizing from the first that he was not a literary artist, and following occupations which made his visits to the mountains few and far between, he would gladly have relinquished the re- 876405 Explanatory Preface searches to a more worthy pen, but as none appeared and the work, when he was able to get at it, appealed to him, he decided, using the words of a distinguished writer, "To follow the furrow to the end." In his pre- face to "Wild Life in Western Pennsylvania," a book with a misleading title, as it related to the traditions and people and not the "wild life" which generally means animals and birds, of that region, he endeavored to ex- plain the causes which led up to the publi- cation of the book. When about ten years old, he began strolls through the woods with the late John Q. Dyce, a lover of nature, much on the type of Thoreau. From him he first learned the names of the trees, plants, flowers, and birds, and later it was the old natural- ist's delight to recount stories of the long ago when Central Pennsylvania was being first opened to civilization. A great many of these tales he later found in the pages of J. F. Meginness's "Otzinachson" and works of similar nature. But there were others which did not appear in the "Otzinachson," Day's "Historical Collections," nor "The Explanatory Preface History of the Five Counties." These related to the Supernatural Element of pioneer life and, from the number of them, the author began to feel that he had opened up a verit- able treasure house. About the same time an aged Indian came to McElhattan, the beautiful mountain retreat where the author spent many of his boyhood days. This old man claimed that he had once lived at Mc- Elhattan, but most probably meant Nichols's Run across the river, where the Indians ling- ered for many years. The aged redman re- counted to him the "Legend of Penn's Cave" and it made a deeper impression than any of the other stories he had heard. From that time on new legends came to his notice, but it was some years afterwards, in 1903, when he attempted to transfer the first one, "The Legend of Penn's Cave," to paper. He enjoyed the work so much that he followed it by writing a dozen more that had been running in his mind "year in and year out." He had the collection published in a small book which was generously noticed by the press of Central Pennsylvania. Then Explanatory Preface four years passed, during which time he heard more "mountain stories." In 1907 a number of these were brought out in a larger book entitled "Pennsylvania Mountain Stories." It received wider newspaper no- tices and several editions were issued. In the preface of the earlier book and also in the later one, the author explained the na- ture of the contents, trying to impress the fact that they were not imaginary tales, but had a sound basis of historical fact ; that all of the characters had actually existed; in short, that the stories were true up to the part where they touched upon the "super- natural," but even that to some is debatable ground. Those who read the introductions understood the meaning of the books, and as such they filled a certain place, being the first known attempt to preserve the "Folk- Lore" of Central Pennsylvania, Meginness and his contemporaries, and the Archives at Harrisburg, having about said the last word on the historical part. In these books of mountain legends, the author has endeavored to print only such stories as found no place Explanatory Preface nor would find a place in volumes of Central Pennsylvania history. There is one excep- tion in the present volume. In the story called "Vindication of Frederick Stump," a well-known individual is given considerable space, but here it is to present a new version of the crime for which he was blackened, and most probably unjustly, in the pages of ac- cepted history. The late Judge D. C. Hen- ning of Pottsville, in his magnificent tribute to the Schuylkill Valley, "Tales of the Blue Mountains," stated that the ground-work of every one of his stories could be verified in the State Archives. The author of "More Mountain Stories" has adopted a different method, going into the "by-ways" after stories which were practically forgotten or too filled with the "witch-craft element" to be included in the records of a State. At the same time, many of the characters in his stories were well known in their day, and were it not for the fact that it might give offense to their descendants through their connection with "spooks," he would have strictly adhered to their correct names. This Explanatory Preface is especially the case with the stories which happened only a few years ago, where practi- cally all of the chief actors are living. But one thing is certain, it shows that legends are still being created in this "empty day," especially those where shades of the de- parted are figuring. The great value of leg- ends is that they give to each mountain, valley, rock, lake or waterfall mentioned a more intimate and lasting charm. "Here such and such a thing happened" is a happy sup- plement for "Oh, what a beautiful sight." We doubt not that Lewis's Lake would be al- ways as popular without a legend, but with one it grows in our interest. We all know that the Scotch Highlands, the Irish Lakes, the Rhine Country and the old castles in Italy are visited annually by millions of peo- ple as much on account of the legends con- nected with them as for their natural at- tractions. Of course, with these places some of the greatest literary giants who ever lived gave their best efforts to invest them with the charm of romance. The Pennsylvania mountain country lacks this as yet, but per- Explanatory Preface haps some of the most fascinating regions of the old world were first taken in hand by un- skilled writers and later attracted the atten- tion of the geniuses who immortalized them. The author feels positive that the Pennsyl- vania Mountains are a field rich in literary material that will sooner or later be "discov- ered." Whether this happens in the next few years or not for a quarter of a century is not material except the loss it affords to the present generation of readers. As ex- plained above, new legends are in the making every day, so the "treasure house" can never be exhausted. The work of collecting moun- tain legends is most delightful, entailing as it does trips afoot, on horseback or in "livery rigs" through a country that is most varied in its scenery and at all times grandly im- pressive. All the types needed by novelists or short story writers have been met with, witches, outlaws, lumbermen, sang-diggers, bar-maids, deerslayers and travelling preach- ers. The author has found them all equally attractive and most of them, when friendly relations were established, had some quaint Explanatory Preface legend or anecdote to repeat. Although, as noted previously, the living characters and those characters whose descendants are any- way prominent have had to appear in the volumes of "Mountain Stories" with altered names. Yet in many instances, with regard to places and localities, the names are un- changed, so that readers desirous of taking outings into the splendid Highlands where the scenes of the stories were laid can do so without mystification. Lock Haven can be taken as a hub ; follow a line in any direction and you will meet with the scenes of these stories and perhaps learn some better ones yourselves. It has been the author's effort to transcribe the stories, except for the changing of names, exactly as he heard them, but sometimes this has been at the cost of a happy or dramatic ending. There were some sources of information that were far more interesting than the information itself. We have already mentioned the late John Q. Dyce and how he cultivated our love of wandering through the mountains and for- ests, and the old Indian who revisited the Explanatory Preface scenes of his youth and stopped long enough to impart a dying tradition. And there were others equally well-posted and companion- able. The late Jacob Quiggle, of blessed memory, who passed away on his ninetieth birthday on October 17th, last, was a link binding the present to the past. As a boy he recalled the many visits to his father's house of the noted Indian killer, Peter Pentz, and how this huge frontiersman, with his shock of stiff red hair and big, eloquent mouth, would gather the boys about him at the fire- side on winter evenings regaling them for hours with his exploits. The late Seth Nel- son was another survival of the latter pion- eer days. Dying in 1902 at the age of ninety- three years, he was a day or so older than Gladstone; he had many and varied experi- ences in the wilderness of the Sinnemahon- ing. He used to say that he killed one hun- dred elk and a thousand deer in Southern New York State and Northern Pennsylvania, and wolves and catamounts (Lynx canaden- sis) too numerous to have counted. Jim Jacobson, that strange half-breed whose Explanatory Preface father is said to have been one of Ole Bull's colonists on Kettle Creek, was a man worth going miles to meet. He claimed to have killed the last elk in Pennsylvania, in Potter County, in 1875, and statisticians generally acknowledge his having killed one in 1867, while Col. Roosevelt gives him the credit of slaying the "last elk" in 1869. Mrs. Anna Stabley, who died at McElhattan last year, aged seventy-seven, had spent all her spare time collecting legends and quaint anecdotes of the mountain people, her scrap books being filled with valuable facts. John H. Chatham of McElhattan, was eminently well fitted through birth and education to do his part towards the verbal preservation of the stories of the old days in which his ancestors played such a stirring part. He has loved the woods and streams with a sincere devotion and is one of the few "natives" who delighted in studying the old-time traditions. And of course there are others; the list would be a long one of those who brightened the author's hours with their marvellous reminiscences and which made him regret that he had not Explanatory Preface xv been born with a more facile pen. But whether the stories last of not, few persons, he thinks, have enjoyed a more delightful youth. Perhaps if he had visited the moun- tains oftener the spell might have lifted and he would only have seen the stumps, fire- swept hillsides, shrunken streams, poverty and changeable weather. To him it was al- ways and only a Glorious Land of Romance where the sun was always shining and the people were always smiling. He has tasted true happiness in the Central Pennsylvania Mountains and in this humble way strives to repay his debt of gratitude by recording the "higher and finer phases" of God's chosen region. HENRY W. SHOEMAKER. New York City, December 18, '11. WHEN THE PIGEONS FLY BOUT half a mile below the village of Loyalsockville, a narrow road branches off to the right from the main highway, and winds away among the hills. If you fol- low it, you will go past fields on the steep hillside, patches of woods, pasture lots filled with golden rod and mullein, and frequently cross bridges of loose, unsteady planks over the stream, shrunken to a mere thread, which is as winding as the lane itself. In the bottom where the creek flows, a few of the old-time buttonwoods have survived, but there are in- numerable stumps of white pine, hemlock, oak and beech, which attest to the havoc of the lumbermen in this secluded hollow during the past twenty years. After several miles the road attains a level stretch of high ground, where through the recent slashings 17 18 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories views of the highest point of the North moun- tains are disclosed. Fields of not very great width are on both sides of the road, and back of them uneven, and sadly mutilated woodlands. Several browned piles of sawdust tell of the presence in past years of the "portable" saw mills. After a quarter of a mile the woods close in to the road, but just before reaching there, a little cottage can be seen through a clump of half-dead apple trees. Across the road from this cottage, in an abandoned field, and on the edge of the woods, a very strange-look- ing structure is standing. Made out of poles and boughs, it is different from anything we have seen on our travels. The genial, middle- aged driver winks his shrewd, dark eyes, and points to it with his whip: "Say, that's a bough house for trapping wild pigeons; did you ever see one before?" Its spick and span appearance led us to in- quire if there could possibly be any pigeons in the neighborhood, especially since one of our party had become a member of the com- mittee which was vainly trying to rediscover Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 19 them. "There haven't been pigeons in this county in twenty years," replied the driver, "but there is a story back of that bough house, and why it is repaired every year." He pulled his long-tailed bay horses down to a walk, and, leaning over the back of the cushioned seat of the surrey, commenced his bit of local history. "In 1876, the year of the Philadelphia Cen- tennial, that house we have just passed was occupied by a soldier's widow, a Mrs. Mohn. Her husband was killed at Chancellorsville. She drew a pension. Mrs. Mohn had one daughter, Clarice, said by everybody to be the prettiest girl in the Loyalsock country. She was smart, and got all the education that was being given out. August of Centennial year, she was nineteen years old, and her young friends gave her a surprise party. "She was different in looks from most of the mountain girls, for she was a perfect blonde. She was taller than the average, very erect, and very slender. Her hair was yellow-gold, but her eyebrows and lashes were black. Her eyes, when she opened them Pennsylvania Mountain Stories wide, were grayish blue, but she most always kept them half shut, so you could never know what she was thinking about. Some called her 'sleepy eye,' but she was the most wide- awake girl in the township. She had a fine complexion, and very red lips, which some thought were just a litle too full. Her nose had an arch to it, but changed its mind and turned up just a trifle at the end. Although she made her own clothes, she always looked well-dressed, and her mother had planned to send her to Williamsport to make a milliner or dressmaker out of her. "All the boys were crazy about her, but still she was popular with the girls. This was a great pigeon country, and the birds were slaughtered by the tens of thousands. By '76 they were pretty well driven out of their nesting grounds in the North moun- tains, but they flew north in the spring and south in the fall in flocks that actually dark- ened the sun. Quite a few hunters from a distance came here to enjoy the sport, espe- cially in the fall. Some boarded in lumber Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 21 camps, but others preferred to get with pri- vate families. "The Widow Mohn always entertained a few of these city hunters every year, but in Centennial year she was only able to get one. This fellow was from Baltimore, and if I ever heard his name, have clean forgotten it. His name wasn't mentioned much, and the old postmaster who handled letters addressed to him, has been dead for twenty-five years. The Baltimore hunter was a good looking young chap, full of life and energy, pleasant man- nered and liberal. He came up here for deer and pheasants, but an enormous flight of pigeons turned his attention to them and he said he had never had such good sport in his life. "He fell in with two other hunters old Abe DeTemple and his son Nick and found board with Mrs. Mohn. In the buckwheat field across from the widow's home was a great place for pigeons, and already an old bough house was there, but the DeTemples entirely rebuilt it. Pigeons in immense num- bers were captured, and Abe and young Nick 22 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories were kept busy shipping strings of dead birds or crates of live ones to the young hunter's friends in Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York and Washington. Every day he would say he'd start tomorrow on a deer hunt, but the reappearance of pigeons would keep his at- tention fastened. "Pretty soon everybody began to notice it wasn't the pigeons that interested him so much, but Clarice. She was always out at the bough house, helping him to crate the birds, was eternally cleaning his guns, and in the evenings we always saw them walking together along the road through the woods. There was an old box-swing between two shellbarks in the yard, and they were always swinging in it just before supper time. When we passed by at night we could see a light in the sitting room window, a thing that never occurred before the young hunter put in his appearance. "The day before he left they went for a long walk in the woods and were gone all day. She went along, she 'had to do some shop- ping' she said, when he went to Williamsport Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 23 to take the train, and Ed. Lovett who drove them said they both seemed to feel very badly when they parted. His last words to her were : Til be back again next fall, when the pigeons fly.' 'Try and make it sooner/ she called to him, as he got on the car, and then they both waved good-bye. He stood on the back platform until the station was lost to sight by the curve below the Seminary. "We young fellows who worked on the neighboring saw mills, and all admired Clar- ice, could see she was considerably cast down by the parting, and tried to cheer her up as best we could. None of us succeeded very well, excepting perhaps Nick DeTemple. He had been around the 'Baltimore hunter/ as we called him, and knew his ways, and she liked to talk about him and lay plans for his visit the following autumn. "This threw Nick with her a good deal, and some of the more jealous boys did a little talking, but every day she went to the post- office and got a letter from Baltimore, and mailed one herself. She was always in good spirits when the letters came, so we con- 24 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories eluded that Nick was only encouraged as a reminder of the absent one. But Nick was on the alert to take every advantage of his opportunity. Though he wasn't bright, and, apart from being well-built, wasn't good look- ing, he had a self-confidence that had no room in its composition for anything but success. "He had saved some money and occasion- ally hired a horse and buggy and took the girls riding. At Christmas he bought him- self a horse and a sleigh, which soon came in very handy. A protracted meeting began at a church near Warrensville, and he invited Clarice to go with him. She had been par- ticularly moody of late, and her mother urged her to go, and become interested in the religi- ous entertainment. She did become inter- ested to the extent that the old postmaster said she failed to mail a letter to Baltimore for four successive days, and when she did send one off she found six of her absent ad- mirer's letters in the box. "She stuck them in her dress, but on the way up the hill she began to take them out and read them, one by one. Often she stopped Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 25 short and stood for a couple of minutes, as if undecided about something. The next thing the postmaster noticed was that no let- ters from Baltimore arrived for three days. Clarice came to the office daily and looked for them. "Then the letters began again, but the rumor spread that Nick DeTemple and Clar- ice Mohn were soon to be married. She wrote every few days to Baltimore, and sometimes received daily replies, but the correspondence was never regular again. In April Nick and Clarice drove to Williamsport, and came back man and wife. On the way back they stopped at the postoffice. There were three letters for Clarice, and she borrowed a sheet of paper and envelope and wrote a letter to Bal- timore. "She seemed very happy for several months, but by the last of July she appeared pale and wretched. Nick had begun to drink again, so the neighbors declared. He had al- ways been more or less of a 'boozer/ but now that he had won the prettiest girl for miles around, he seemed to want to celebrate his 26 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories triumph with repeated sprees. There was going to be an early fall, and by the first of September the maples and gum trees were tinted crimson. The nights assumed the chill- ness of late autumn, and the 'Hallowe'en wind' rattled the brittle corn stalks. The few remaining crickets had a note of sadness in their songs. One Saturday night Nick drove to Williamsport, never to return. He got into a row in one of the saloons along the river front, and broke a decanter of whiskey over the head of a big, hulking riverman. "They carried him into the back room and laid him on a sofa, but he was dead before they could get medical attendance. Nick said he was sorry, and told the proprietor, whom he knew very well, he would go straight to the police and surrender himself. He was allowed to go, but whether he killed himself in some lonely spot in the mountains, or swung aboard a freight for Altoona, is still an open question. Clarice heard the news next day, and her mother said she had a hard time to keep the girl from killing herself. "She would not stir out of the house al- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 27 though the bright sunshine was every day deepening the tints of the leaves on the maples, gums and hickories. A few scatter- ing flocks of wild pigeons were being ob- served flying to the south, and once about two weeks after the catastrophe at Williamsport, she was seen on the back porch, with her lovely white hand shading her eyes, watching the flight of the birds. "Two or three days after this, at dusk, when few were moving on the roads, she came out and went down the hill in the direc- tion of the postoffice. The old postmaster said she mailed a letter to Baltimore. A few days later she came in again, and looked for a letter, but none was there. She inquired nervously of the old man how often the mails were received, and then started homeward. The next morning a memorable flight of pigeons occurred, obscuring the heavens by their myriad millions. "Bright and early, with her mother, Clar- ice was seen at work repairing the bough house. The nets were brought out, and hung on the porch to be aired and renovated. All 28 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories day long the impressive flight continued, and towards evening, with a light step, we had not noticed in months, she started for the postoffice. I met her on the hill, there was color in her face, and she smiled just as she did in the old days. Her face was a study when I met her again coming back, it was dark, but the stars gave enough light to see the rigid lines which seemed to have aged her ten years. The postmaster vowed she did not get a letter, but I have always doubted it. "When I passed by the house the next afternoon I saw the doctor's buggy at the gate. Mrs. Mohn was there talking to him, and she called to me in a hollow voice that Clarice was very sick. She had a bad fever or something; at any rate, we didn't see her for over a month. When we did it was not the Clarice of old. It was an aged woman, literally 'there were silver threads among the gold.' Her face was pale, her eyes more closed than ever, her lips were no longer full, there were wrinkles where once had been the bloom of youth. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 29 "But she was brave and went about her household duties as before. A year passed, and the grand spectacle of the wild pigeons in flight occurred again. Clarice and her mother were seen repairing the bough house and airing the nets, which gave rise to the rumor that she had received a letter. But the birds came and went, and the long winter followed, but with spring fewer pigeons were noticed flying northward. "That fall scattering flights took place, and Clarice put the bough house in perfect order. The following year there were still fewer pigeons, and after 1881, only a few stragglers came this way. But even after 1890, when they ceased coming altogether, Clarice was true to her purpose, and repaired the bough house every autumn. She seldom went to the postoffice, except at this time, and people out of kindness hid in the brush when she passed, so as not to break in on her sorrowful thoughts. All night long a light was noticed in the sitting room window. Last spring her mother died; she was close to seventy-five years old, and we thought that Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Clarice would move away, or at least let the bough house run down. "But last fall, after the maples and gums had assumed their glowing colors, she went to work manfully and set it to rights. Even the net was carefully mended and aired, and hung for days on the wall inside the porch. Clarice looking older than ever was at the postoffice twice, and her solitary, angular figure, would have brought tears to a stone. She seems to think that the young hunter from Baltimore will come back sometime 'when the pigeons fly,' but his return is as improbable as the hope that we will ever see again the Passenger Pigeon, noblest and most beautiful of all the birds of America." II THE LAST ELK T was a long, but far from a tedious drive from Sala- manca to the little nook in the hills where old Jim Jacobson lived. Old man Frank, who ran the leading livery in the town, with his long white beard and gen- eral manner that suggested a Mormon prophet, put us in the hands of Bill Thorpe, a big, broad-faced Irishman, and our team was a pair of little bay mustangs, quick as lightning and always wanting to run off. The morning was beautiful, and the roads good, so we were in the Reservation before long, whirling along past the wretched huts of the Indians, which reminded us forcibly of the hovels of the peasants in Ireland. Oc- casionally we met the flat-faced stoical half- breeds, with their slow walk, and wooden 32 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories rigidity of hands and bodies. In a few bog ponds groups of Indians, men and children, were fishing for carp, and as the day ad- vanced, some stalwart "braves" could be seen resting under the trees while their wives hoed garden. There was an utter absence of bird life, and not a single tree of noticeable size, as these poor survivors of the greatness of the Senecas to save themselves from going away to work destroyed everything that na- ture put within reach of them. Bill Thorpe seemed to feel happy in the reservation; it took him back, he said, to the days when he used to be in the West. That was in 1880, there were still buffaloes arid wild Indians in Western Kansas. Once he saw a herd of five hundred buffaloes cross- ing a stream. Another time he saw cowboys and Indians fighting over a herd of several hundred buffaloes; all the buffaloes were killed, but six Indians and one cowboy also fell in the encounter. There must be a few wild buffaloes in the West yet, there is such a big country for them, to range over, he continued. We reminded him that 1880 was Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 33 more than a quarter of a century in the past ; it would be delightful if there were wild buf- faloes; we had been West ourselves within the past few years, all was inclosed in barb- wire, and the last wild bison were killed by taxidermists in Lost Park, Colorado, about 1900. "Too bad," said Bill, "I was never able to get west of Cleveland since 1883." In the distance we could see the long white buildings of the Quaker school for Indians, at Tunesassa. Here philathropic Philadel- phia "Friends" over a century ago bought a large tract of land on the edge of the reser- vation, and sent teachers out to civilize and instruct the aborigines. After all these years the only appreciable result is that there are fewer Indians, disease took a stronger grip on those who took most kindly to the methods of the civilizers. All this school did was to accelerate the effort of nature to decimate the Redmen to make room for the whites. Once the school authorities had some very magnificent white pine timber on the tract, but now all was gone except one patch which stood back of the school buildings, and a port- 34 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories able sawmill, manned by sweating, dirty half- breeds, who stopped work as we passed, was sending it the way of all noble pine trees in these evil days. Quite a bunch of the big trees were still standing, their great, slight, graceful heights, sending towards the blue heavens a hundred and fifty feet of perpendicular grandeur. A slight breeze was stirring in the feathery needles in their topmost boughs and they seemed to be whispering a prayer of fare- well to the beautiful world they would soon have to quit so ignominiously. Back of the school there runs a railroad, which carries the logs from a vast body of timber land farther in the hills. These hills, at least those seen from the banks of the Allegheny river, are as bare and barren and sombre as the treeless skyline of the Nile Valley. Our way led up the same hollow through which the log road ran, but the tracks were across a little trout stream from us, which sparkled in the sunshine save where it disappeared below the great decaying logs of pine and hemlock which had been cut and thrown into Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 35 the stream to rot and symbolize man's reck- less waste of the bountiful gifts of nature in America. A couple of mourning doves flew out of a hazel thicket, and we began to talk of the awful destruction of the Passenger Pigeons but a few years before. Buffaloes, timber, pigeons, soil, all have been wiped out that men might fancy they had gotten the last cent out of existence. Three miles up the hollow, we left the main road, and turned to the left into a narrower, and stonier lane. At the X road were several dilapidated shanties, but evidently inhabited. "These fellows," said Bill, "have gotten a new lease of life since this big lumbering opera- tion started. Years ago they lived by work- ing in the woods and hunting in Pennsyl- vania, but until this job opened they hadn't been away much in several years." As our time was limited we fed our horses at the roadside near a little creek, and even at that the afternoon was well advanceed, and the air decidedly cool when Bill, pointing with his whip at a little red house in a hollow ahead of us, said: "There's where old Jim 36 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Jacobson hangs out." We wanted to know how old a man he was and Bill replied, "He's old for a half-breed, about 60, maybe not that, but those fellows age quickly." When we drew near the place, we saw a weazened old man, whose pale hair was turning white, sit- ting on a log, breathing heavily. "That's Jim," said Thorpe. The old fellow had just cut down a large white pine which stood by the road near the far end of his garden. The old impulse was irresistible ; he had at length cut down the only good-sized tree to be seen for miles. "Pretty busy for an old man," called Thorpe cheerily, as he stopped his horses in front of the aged half-breed. "Yes, sir," he smiled, "the darned old tree has been shadin' th' garden for years, and I just up and downed it." We were introduced to the old chap, Bill adding that we "had come a good many miles to meet the hunter who had killed the last elk in Pennsylvania." Jacob- son seemed to like this, and he pulled his corn cob pipe out of his vest-pocket, and began to fix it for a smoke. "Put your horses in the barn 'cross th' road, an' I'll have to tell Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 37 you all about it." We all went to the barn, the old Indian following, and it was on the door step of the horse stable where we heard the story of the passing of the elk in the Keystone State. "I have killed twelve elk in Pennsylvania," the old man began. It may have been against the law, or any- how against popular opinion, so we didn't talk much at the time and the only ones that got into history are the last two or three that were landed. "When did you kill the first one?" we inquired. "I killed my first elk in 1863, when I was 14 years old," replied the old fellow proudly. "I was born in Penn- sylvania ; my father was one of the Norwegi- ans that came to Potter county with Ole Bull, and my mother was a daughter of Sam Jim- merson, a chief of the Senecas. My full name is Samuel Jimmerson Jacobson. Around the time of the war the elks began to get real scarce, and all us hunters decided to get all we could, as they wouldn't last long. The lead- ing people in Lock Haven, Clearfield, and Coudersport were against this killing, but there were no railroads and no game ward- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories ens, so we did just as we chose, and got our elks. We always found them in swamps, and we surrounded the swamps and got as many as three and four out of some of them. I killed my next to last cow in the Flag Swamp, in Elk county, in November, 1867, and it was noticed in the papers, and caused a lot of talk, as most people in Pennsylvania, all except us hunters, thought the last elk in the state had been killed long before. I knew at the time that there were two or three survivors, and I had them marked to kill at the proper season. Smith Hunter, a raftsman, got ahead of me with a cow which hung around the headwaters of Mill Creek, in Elk county. That was in November, 1869. There was one elk left even after that. It had headquarters in the dense hardwoods south of Roulette, in Potter county. LeRoy Lyman, like myself, a half-breed Indian, and a prosperous farmer at Roulette, wanted to get the animal alive to keep as a relic, and offered a prize of $75 if it was brought in alive. In the winter of 1871-72, I was working in a big job half-way up Youngwoman's Creek, and I Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 39 heard the offer of Lyman's, whom I knew very well. When I knocked off in the spring, I footed it over the mountains to his home, and offered to do the trick for him. He toid me where the elk hung out, and I started on the trail. "Within a day I got a sight of the elk, and it was the prettiest looking animal I ever saw. It was a bull, with full set of horns, and the prettiest hide you could imagine. It was a browner color than any I had seen be- fore, although Pennsylvania elks were much darker than the elks in the West. I worked on all kinds of plans to trap and coiner him so I could lasso him, but others out after the reward used dogs and he travelled further and further from his old hiding place. My money ran out and Lyman kept me going with cash and supplies and I camped in the woods until November. My hunt had some success, for I killed five deer, three cata- mounts, two wild cats and a wolf. But I didn't get the elk, and finally Lyman said he wouldn't stake me any longer. 40 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories "I had to go back to the woods, and worked all winter on the Sinnemahoning. In the spring when our logs were floated the old fever was back on me and I tramped over to see Lyman again. He said the elk was back in its old haunts among the swamp maples or elkwood (Acer Pennsylvanicum) , which grew about the ravines below his farm. Everybody had been working cutting saw- logs that winter, so the animal had ventured back. I repeated my old games, but the elk was too slick. Pretty soon I learned he had another follower besides myself, a big brown wolf, and it was a case of which would get him first, the wolf or me. "My first idea was to kill the wolf, but he was craftier than the elk. I chased the elk two months steadily and one morning in July I was coming back to my shack after an all night chase, when I came face to face with him. He was looking poorly, and as we eyed one another, I heard the underbrush crack, and I saw that wolf jumping to cover. He had been eyeing us both ! I lost my temper, and swore I'd get the elk before the wolf, so Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 41 I aimed my gun and shot the bull through the heart. I got him to my camp, and skinned him and preserved the head. Then I went to see Lyman but he swore, and cursed, and said he would not give me one cent for a dead elk. I had wasted six months of my time and had nothing but a dead elk on my hands. Lyman would not even let me spend the night at his house ; said he would have me arrested if I didn't clear out at once. I had a little money, so I joined a man selling lightning rods who carried the elk head and myself to Germania in his covered wagon. There I knew an old German named Osch, who sometimes mounted deer heads and stuffed birds. I put the head with him, and he made a fine job out of it. I got a good job in Germania that fall driving stage, and stayed there until early in 1876, when I got the idea I could get big money by exhibiting the head of the last elk killed in Pennsylvania at the Centennial ex- position. "I had old Osch box the head, and, I started by train from Lock Haven in high spirits. When I got to Philadelphia I could not find 42 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories anybody who would put me in touch with the parties at the head of the Exposition, so I hung around town until August, spending my money, with the head stored in the trunk room of my hotel. One evening I was walk- ing along Market street, and I noticed the name "Summerson" above a liquor saloon. That name sounded familiar, as I had known a lot of boys named Summerson in the lum- ber woods. I went in and asked for the land- lord. He was a big fellow, with a foreign accent, and he told me he was a Scotchman, no relation to my old friends up the state. He agreed to my proposition to exhibit the head of the last elk killed in Pennsylvania over his bar, and woud give me the job of cleaning out the bar room. The head didn't make the hit we hoped, as most of the cus- tomers said they didn't believe it had been killed in Pennsylvania. "I wrote to LeRoy Lyman to get a letter from him to use as a certificate, but he never replied. Towards Christmas Summerson said he would have to let me go, so I told him if he would give me a ticket to Lock Haven I Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 43 would let him keep the elk head until I could return him the money. I got a job on Fish Dam Run, and I never felt like sending the Scotchman the money to redeem that devilish elk's head. I had begun to feel sorry I killed it, and the very sight of it made me feel ter- ribly queer." There was a pause. Bill Thorpe looked at his watch; it was half -past five. "You'd better stay for supper," said the old hunter. "I'm all by myself and I can't give you any elk meat, but if you like ham, I can fix you out with that." Supper over, we left the old half-breed at the gate, and after we said good-bye, he turned to re-enter his mis- erable abode, looking as forlorn and helpless as the last elk in Pennsylvania, which he had so relentlessly slain. Ill THE PASSING OF A GHOST O M R R W," soliloquized Fred Parmentier, a jobber in the Cross Forks region, as he sat on the crumbling rampart of Ole Bull's castle, "we will clean up that patch of timber around the boiling spring, then, except for the few trees standing among the hardwoods on the top of the moun- tain, the job will be finished." He looked over his shoulder up the steep ridge to where a body of giant white hem- locks stood huddled together, as if for mutual protection, in a narrow gully. Around them on all sides was the ruin left by the loggers and bark-peelers, the thousands of freshly felled and peeled trunks, none of which had as yet been sawed into sixteen or twelve feet lengths, the thousands of stumps cut six feet high, and likewise peeled. 44 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 45 The last rays of the September sun gave a flesh-pink tint to logs and stumps, and a browner and more sombre tone to the huge piles of bark ranked at regular spaces, at a distance resembling tiny huts dotting the hill- side. Logs and bark exuded a pungent and not unattractive odor. Here and there were mature hardwoods, sugar maples, beeches, birches and poplars, with trunks clean of limbs for eighty feet, surmounted with frow- sled, broken tops, wrecked by the felling of the hemlocks. Interspersed with these were younger trees, beeches and hemlocks mostly, some topless and others bent double by the recent devastation. The jobber's gaze now rested on the valley below, to the broad public highway on the other side of Kettle Creek, where his crew of over fifty men, making a vivid picture in their gaily colored shirts of red, blue or pur- ple were wending their way, in an irregular line to the shanties. Smoke was circling upwards from the chimneys of the kitchens, betokening that supper would soon be ready. A cow-bell was tinkling melodiously from 46 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories somewhere among the water birches by the bed of the stream. He was aroused from his musing by some one in a cheery voice call- ing out "Good evening, boss," and he looked down and saw one of his men, Joe Markley, climbing up the hill, over the mass of pros- trate logs. "What brings you here at supper time?" he called to him good naturedly. "Lost my watch this afternoon," was Joe's reply. "Why haint you down there your- self?" "Oh, I was just figuring out a few things, you know we finish tomorrow ; we're putting all the crews in the hollow above the Boiling Spring, and that'll soon make an end of it." Markley kept on climbing while he con- versed with his boss, and soon had passed the ruined castle, and, crossing the "bench," was on his way up the face of the high mountain. It was a hard climb, and he was pretty well out of breath when he came to the spring, where he rested before starting his hunt for the missing watch. The timber had been cut that day to the lower edge of the spring, Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 47 but the shade of the tall hemlocks above it hung over the crystalline pool of bubbling water. Markley picked up a tomato can and took a drink, stroked his long blonde moustache, then he pulled a couple of apples from one of his pockets, and began eating them in lieu of supper. Darkness crept on so quickly, that when he laid his head back on the moss for a moment's repose the watch was for- gotten, and he was dozing. It was pitch dark when he roused himself, looking around as if surprised at his surroundings. He did not know whether to spend the night at the spring, or attempt the perilous climb down the mountain. High on the summit back of him he could hear a fox yelping among the mature hard- woods. When it died down and became still again, he thought he heard footsteps on the moss. Soon he saw a slender figure clad in gray approaching him, it was a young girl; he marveled how she could be here such a dark night, there must be something the matter 48 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories with his eyes. In gentle tones she spoke to him: "This is Joe Markley, I believe?" Joe hesitated a full minute before answer- ing, and, then said simply, "It is." "This timber is to be cut tomorrow," she said, "it will be my last time here tonight. I wanted to see you so much." Joe was thoroughly perplexed, especially as the visitor seemed a total stranger to him. "I don't remember you ; why do you want to see me in such an infernal lonesome place?" "Don't you remember me?" said the girl sadly, "you used to know me well. I am Hazel Trego." "Hazel Trego," echoed Joe; "you can't be, why she was found murdered nine years ago this coming October." "I am Hazel Trego just the same," re- plied the girl quietly. "At least the spirtual part of her, the part that we are taught goes to Heaven when we die." "Then you are a ghost?" asked Joe. "Probably that is the best name for me; I have found Heaven seemed further off since Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 49 I left the life than it did when I was teaching Sunday School at the Ox Bow." "Then you don't think you'll live forever like the Good Book tells us?" inquired Joe incredulously. "I am afraid not ; tomorrow night this time I will be a few disconnected particles of spirit, growing fainter every hour. By the next morning I shall not be at all. Spirits are a part of their environment. Just as there is a silver light in a forest of original white pines, a blue light in a forest of white hemlocks, a green light in a forest of red hemlocks, and when you cut the trees the light goes with them. The fragments of my personality are a part of the lights and shadows of this grove, and tomorrow you are to destroy it. "I have the ability to transport myself considerable distances, but only where the lights and shadows of this forest fall ; beyond it I am nothing. Quite often during the past six years since they began destroying the forest, spirits terribly frayed and uncertain would waft themselves to this Spring, which 50 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories possesses certain stimulating qualities, and gasp, and try to say a few words, before dis- solving into emptiness. There was old Reu- genberg, the crippled civil war veteran, who was waylaid and killed for his pension money on the hill above Germania; he drifted here after they lumbered out the grove where he died ; he tried to tell me where he buried a pot of gold, but he was nothing before I could catch his syllables. And Tony Capella, the Italian camp boss, who was slain by his drunken men on a Saturday night; he came here alter they cut the giant pine under which he breathed his last; he wanted to forgive an enemy in the old country, but I could not learn the name; he fell into thin air with a groan. And Leonard Murns, the highwayman of the Pike, who hanged him- self in a hunter's shanty when he saw his sweetheart out walking with another man; with all his bravado that broke his heart he wanted to send her a few words of love through me, but I never had a chance to transmit his message. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 51 "Then there was Edna Stryker, that little girl who was murdered and thrown in a swamp ; she was here for several nights, cry- ing piteously, and begging that her spirit per- sist until she could be sure an innocent man was not punished for the crime ; she was last here on a moonlight night and its rays ab- sorbed her, so she came no more. There were others, but too faint to recognize, some had come too far, others had spent themselves in their frantic efforts to speak to every one they met on the way. "But as I left the living world here, I am strongest here, but just the same, I cease to be even a spirit, when these beloved hemlocks fall. There are spirits that inhabit houses; they are a part of the lights and shadows of the house; they go into nothingness if it is torn down. They cannot transport them- selves like a spirit of outdoors, but must con- fine themeselves to a garret, chamber or stair. "But even if a forest is not cut, or a house demolished, a spirit cannot survive delivering its message. The effort of speech separates the particles, it's gone. If this grove were 52 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories not to be cut tomorrow, and I talked to you this way, I would vanish anyway, but as the trees are to go, I might as well have my talk." She paused and looked the amazed woods- man full in the face, calming him by the charm of her girlish beauty. "I hear Oscar Shandy is back," she said when she resumed. "Oscar Shandy!" shouted Markley. "The hell you say ; why he's the man who " "Murdered me," replied the shade of Hazel Trego. "Why do you want to know about him, he'd be the last man on earth " "I would love to see him again, before I go into the void ; I saw you several evenings before it was dark enough for me to materi- alize. I knew you were his friend ; I met you the winter I taught school at Westport. I saw you break the guard and your watch fell in a cranny in the rocks; it made me very happy, because I knew you would return after it. It is now in the crevice in that rock right before you. I want you to give a mes- sage to Oscar, will you, please?" Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 53 "I sure will," replied Markley, "but where is he ? I never heard of him revisiting these parts since they put that reward on his cap- ture nine years ago." "You will find him in Lewisburg, but you must not judge him harshly; he is not to blame, I will tell you all about it. Oscar and I kept company since I was 14 years old. He was the only man I ever cared for, and though I would have loved to have married him, he never once mentioned the subject. When I was 18 I began to teach school, and taught short terms at Westport, Keating and Sinnemahoning. "When I went away Oscar would conceive the idea that I was receiving attention from other men, and would come to see me, and abuse me terribly, of ten in the presence of the families with whom I boarded. This caused talk and cost me many friends. But as friends dropped away I loved him the more, seeking to make up the deficiency of other companionship in him. He worked in the woods every summer, and once or twice rail- roaded in winter, but he never held anything 54 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories long. He had flirtations with dozens of other girls, but I loved him too much to protest, and often cried myself to sleep for fear some one would get him away from me. He would show me letters he was mailing to girls, and packets of letters he had gotten from them, but this only stimulated my adoration, as I liked to feel my lover was 'a ladies' man.' "You recollect what a fine, big fellow he was, and what grand dark eyes and hair he had ; why I openly told him he was the hand- somest man in the world. In the summer after my 20th birthday I had a chance to teach a while at Oleona, the regular teacher being down with typhoid. I boarded with Mrs. Steenerson, a Norwegian widow, whose house is now used by Fred Parmentier, your boss, as the main shanty of his camp. Mrs. Steenerson had two daughters about my own age, and in every way the home was a pleas- ant one. "Soon after my arrival a young man named Arthur Renninger, they called him Professor Renninger, came to visit his grandparents at the next farm. He was well educated, being Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 55 principal of a high school somewhere down country. Though he was only 26 years of age, he had graduated from a Normal School and a college, had travelled in a number of states, which made him an interesting talker. But that was all ; I could never have cared for him; he wore glasses, had a long thin nose, and pale yellow hair. He wasn't my ideal in the least. "He tried his best to be attentive to me, gave me books to read, and often joined me when I was walking back from school. He met me so often that I suspected he waited for me; he could not have been on the same road at the same hour so many times by acci- dent. At last I told him I had a sweetheart, but it didn't seem to make any difference. He became even more attentive, as if he fancied he could 'cut out' as handsome a man as Oscar. His attentions became tiresome, so I was rude to him whenever I could, especially when others were present. I guess he took the hint, for he became more shy, and only saw me occasionally when he dropped in at 56 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories my boarding place to give me a new book or magazine. "One mild October evening after supper I walked up the road to the schoolhouse to get a book I had forgotten. On the way back I saw a man's figure coming towards me. I at once supposed it to be Professor Renninger, so I walked fast so as to shorten as much as possible the inevitable stroll with him. But mind you, the Professor was not a horrid fellow, only my love for Oscar was so intense I felt it dishonorable to be in another's com- pany. When I got closer I saw it wasn't the young teacher, but a larger man, and then I made out it was none other than Oscar Shandy. "He greeted me with a lot of swearing, for the poor fellow had been drinking. 'You walked fast to meet your lover, that ?' I tried to protest in as loud tones as I could muster that I had no lover other than my Oscar, and fibbed by saying that I walked faster so as to be with him. I did not want him to know I ever thought of the teacher. But he would not believe me, and went on to Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 57 say how he knew everthing about my meeting the fellow on the road, his visits to my board- ing place, and so on. "I continued to deny, and went so far as to ridicule the personal appearance of poor Arthur Renninger. 'Why, he wears glasses/ I protested. But Oscar's angry passions were growing more uncontrollable every minute. Finally with a volley of oaths he seized me by the throat, and choked me untij I knew no more. Later I sort of half regained consciousness, and recognized that I was in my lover's arms, and that he was carrying me up the mountain. I felt so happy to be in his arms I made no effort to speak. "It was a long climb, but not hard like the one you had this evening, for then the moun- tains were covered with white hemlocks, and free of all underbrush. About twenty feet below this spring you can see that lot of long, flat rocks. He laid me on one of them, and began to lift some of the others. After he had made a sort of excavation he picked me up again, and laid me in it. He stooped over and placed his large hand, which was very cold, 58 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories on my heart. I was dimly conscious even though my heart must have ceased beating my spirit was disentangling itself from the bodily shell. "No doubt he was satisfied I was dead, for he rolled a number of the large flat stones on top of me, and I seemed to hear his foot- steps as he climbed the mountain and disap- peared over the summit. All at once I felt myself enveloped in a blaze of blinding white light I was part of the air, but not of it I could see the rudely made grave where my poor body rested. "When daylight came I was still among the trees around the Boiling Spring, but felt my- self fainter and weaker. As night fell, I grew stronger, and could move from place to place ; I was mistress of my soul's progress. I could distinguish time by daylight and dark. I seemed to have more volition than when alive. I brought myself to the edge of the public road, determined to leave the lonesome mountain, but the different lights and shadows of the roadway and the sky above diluted my spiritual essence, and to save my- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 59 self from annihilation I hurried back to the cool, vivifying atmosphere of the spring. In a few days a band of searchers discovered my remains, and carried it away. How they found out I was stowed away in that out of the way spot, I know not some of the men wept, as they were carrying the remains down the hill. For a long, long stretch I never saw a living thing around the spring except the wild animals and birds. I once saw a great tawney panther with his breast torn off by buckshot, drinking here, and groaning with agony he crawled away to die. Deer often drank here, and wildcats played their comical games among the flat rocks. I saw one once pounce on a wild pigeon as it was drinking; its mate flew away. These were the only wild pigeons that came here during my stay. "Owls, foxes and porcupines came about in abundance, and occasionally a pine marten or a fisher fox. Two wolverenes fought to the death on the brink of the spring, and their bodies rotted away on the scene of their aw- ful struggle. Occasionally hunters stopped 60 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories to drink the fine water, but none came here in the dark, when I had the power to make myself known. "You came here at the right time. What is more, you are a reliable person, and if Providence does exist, you were surely sent here to bear my message to my beloved Oscar. I heard of his return to these parts by listening to a party of six hunters talking while they ate their lunch at the spring. It was during the deer season last November. They had been drinking whiskey freely, and said things that were best kept to themselves. One of them, more inebriated than the rest, remarked that he had been to Lewisburg the week previous, and had met the fugitive mur- derer, Oscar Shandy, who was back and working as night man in a livery in the alley at the rear of the Commercial hotel. All the party said he had a lot of nerve to return, with the big rewards still in force, but the in- formant added that he had grown a mus- tache and kept his curly hair cropped close as a disguise. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 61 " 'Still he's the same old Oscar we used to know,' he went on, 'having a gay time with all the waitresses at the hotel, and going on sprees every Saturday night.' Although at the end of their conversation on the subject, the hunters agreed to tell no one of Oscar's return, I feared them because they were drinking men. I hoped they would remain until dark, so I could materialize and send him a message, but alas, about 4 o'clock they gathered together their rifles and traps, and made off. My fears grew greater and greater, especially when I saw the forest being de- stroyed, for I knew I must go with it. But you have come in time to take my message tell Oscar to be careful and not let them catch him, and tell him that I love him more than ever." This last sentence was uttered clearer and more distinctly than anything she had yet said. With the final word she faded from sight, blending and combining with a ray of golden sunlight from the early dawn which sparkled on the ever-changing surface of the Boiling Spring. IV. THE STORY OF LEWIS'S LAKE HE scenic beauties of Lewis's Lake, re - named Eagles- mere, are too generally known to need further de- scription. This wonderful body of water spread out on the summit of a moun- tain twenty-two hundred feet above sea level, has at- tracted visitors from all parts of the country. Costly hotels and summer cottages line its banks, interspersed among patches of the original hemlock forest, making it in every respect the most unique and attractive resort in Central Pennsylvania. Like most of the interesting spots in the mountains, it has its legend. The legend is an old one, in fact one of the very oldest that have been handed down from the earliest inhabitants of this mystic region. It goes back to a period a thousand years ago, 62 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 63 when parts of Europe were as wild and full of superstitions as the land of the Redmen across the sea. Those competent to judge state that the bottom of Lewis's Lake has never been sounded, and the old term "bot- tomless" applies to it as well as it did any- where. This gives a sort of scientific con- firmation to the tale, providing, so to speak, a basis of faith, to those who want to be- lieve it. Every Indian in the West Branch Valley and its tributaries knew the legend, but it was equally familiar to the aborigines along the Allegheny or by the shores of Chesa- peake Bay. It was a strange circumstance that no matter where the story was told, it was always the same, even to the smallest detail. What is now Lewis's Lake, so the Indian story ran, was once a great open chasm, in the depths of which was an en- trance to the Underworld, or realm of spirits. If in the flesh an Indian had left undone an important work, or had wronged his tribe or an individual, at death his shade was 64 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories halted at the "Gate to the Unseen," and sent back to do penance. It was always with a feeling of doubt that spirits descended the long flights of steps at dusk ; few were wise enough to determine if they would be allowed to enter in peace, or be ordered back to jibber and flit and beg forgiveness of their enemies. Only those ad- mitted through the sacred portals were happy, but even that was supposition, for no spirit that had entered ever returned to de- scribe the Paradise. No living being was allowed to explore the abyss, which was guarded by a force of six hundred aimed high priests, Indians of the highest integrity and honor. The Indian kings were hereditary guardians - in - chief, and so deeply they felt their responsibilties, that they had followed the divine injunction to "keep out," at least as far as tradition could be followed into the shadowy past. At the time of this story, the king of the combined tribes of Indians in what is now Pennsylvania was old Peaceful Valley, whose reign lasted the unusual period of sixty-three Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 65 years. On the tenth year of his reign he had conquered his last enemies, so that during the greater part of his sway his authority had been undisputed. He was of a devoutly religious nature, many miracles having oc- curred while he conducted sacrificial services at the Gateway to the Underworld. At length, "full of years and honors," his infirmities overcame him and at the ripe age of ninety- seven years he passed away. His funeral, the greatest ever recorded in Indian history, lasted ninety-seven days. The priests who were specially gifted with the power of seeing spirits of the dead descend into the abyss declared that when Peaceful Valley's shade reached the portals it was greeted by a troop ol angels wearing crowns, denoting kingly rank, and said to be an un- precedented honor. His eldest son, who was to inherit the throne, was named Stormy Tor- rent. Seven feet tall, loud, and disagreeable, he was the complete antithesis of his la- mented father in disposition. Perhaps, hav- ing waited so long to inherit the power, his nature had become soured. Toward the 66 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories latter part of the ninety-seven day funeral he went off on a hunting expedition, explain- ing that the pomp and pageantry tired him. When a great event took place, it lasted the number of days that would corres- pond in years to the age of the chief partici- pant, consequently Stormy Torrent, aged forty-six, was to have a forty-six day coro- nation. He did not miss a moment of it, and it was a sumptuous affair, exceeding in cost and labor any coronation held previously, so swore the servile historians of the court. The new king enjoyed the ceremonies, and became so intoxicated by the songs, hymns, poems, and addresses in his honor, to say nothing of the human sacrifices, that he imagined himself to be the greatest and most exalted human being that had ever walked the earth. After the grand events were ended, and life settled into its ordinary routine he began to suffer horribly from discontent and ennui. He wanted to do something "new" every day, taxing his advisors and attendants to the utmost in furnishing sensations. If he had been a warrior he might have started puni- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 67 tive expeditions against some tribes who re- sented paying the enormous tribute levied towards the expenses of the coronation, but he was indifferent to all forms of fighting. As he liked human sacrifices and the tor- turing of criminals, it was adopted on a large scale, and friendless or infirm Indians were tempted to commit crimes in order that they might be seized and roasted alive or cut to pieces for the kingly edification. He did not like the ordinary forms of hunting, only ani- mal drives, where thousands of beasts met death at one time. His huntsmen were kept busy night and day collecting the poor beasts in corrals for the purpose. He must needs have a fresh wife every week and the dis- carded ones were killed so that a woman who had been loved by the king could not become the wife of one of his inferiors. A month after the coronation he was on the point of going crazy, for the want of "some- thing new." Half of his ministers had com- mitted suicide after having exhausted their stock of suggestions for his diversion. One night while he was tossing on his couch, rest- 68 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories less and unhappy, an idea came to him, which made him jump to his feet and dance with savage glee. He would do what no other human being had dared; he would descend into the Underworld, see what it was like, converse with the shades of his illustrious ancestors, and then come out again, steeped in divine wisdom. He called his advisors around him, order- ing that all of his tribe able to travel should start immediately in different directions and bring every Indian within a radius of four hundred miles to the north of the abyss, to watch his majestic descent into the Spirit Land. The tribesmen went away in happy frame of mind, as they knew the farther they separated themselves from the vain-glorious despot the safer their lives ; some pretended to lose themselves in the trackless forests, and never came back. The inhabitants of the domain were given the space of two moons to assemble. Indians being naturally restless and curious, it was not difficult to gather them by the thousands around the entrance to the "unknown world." Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Many of them had never had a look at the new king, and this was a fine opportunity to see him at his best when he was scorning tra- dition and showing himself the equal of the rulers of the land of shades. The morning appointed for the great per- formance dawned bright and clear. Stormy Torrent, when he peered through the flaps of the royal tepee, was amazed at the vast concourse of spectators. He turned to his minister of state and remarked that he had not dreamed he held sway over so many souls. When a loud beating of drums announced the time had come for the mighty ruler to sally forth, there was an hour's delav be- fore he appeared. If the truth were known Stormy Torrent was suffering from a bad case of stage-fright. Like a pampered grand opera star he re- fused to "go on" unless some added induce- ment was given. When, for the fiftieth time he peeped out of his tent, his eyes rested on the slender form of an Indian princess from the shores of Lake Erie who was strolling past. She was Laurel-Eyes, the beautiful 7Q Pennsylvania Mountain Stories daughter of an old chieftain named Purple Boneset. Stormy Torrent gazed at her with longing glances, and then called to his min- ister of state. "Bring that beautiful prin- cess to me at once," he commanded, and the aged minister did his bidding to the letter. Returning with the reluctant maiden, who was followed by her perplexed father and brothers, the minister was told to array her in costly garments so she could accompany Stormy Torrent on his mission to the Under- world. Perhaps her father and brothers dis- liked the idea, but they were at length con- soled by the appearance of the mighty ruler, followed by the graceful figure of the Princess Laurel-Eyes. The couple presented a striking picture, and were loudly and loy- ally cheered. Stormy Torrent wore a trail- ing robe spangled with silver and gold, while his head-dress was of eagle feathers, dyed many colors. The Indian maiden was simi- larly attired except that instead of the eagle feathers she wore a head-dress of dove's wings. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 71 As they neared the entrance, the priestly class began a song of praise, being joined in the choruses by the entire multitude. Thus far it looked as if the affair was to be a com- plete success, and as the pair descended the long flights of steps they were pelted with thousands of flowers. But on the moment they disappeared from view the heavens darkened, and were racked with terrifying peals of thunder and flashes of lightning. These were followed by the most awful down- pour of rain that had ever occurred in the memory of the oldest squaw. The solemnity of the occasion was for- gotten, and everyone from high priests to chained captives ran pell mell to cover. Hun- dreds of women, children and old persons were trampled to death in the mad rush. Class distinctions were abandoned, the most aristocratic pricesses hiding their heads un- der the blankets of burly slaves. Many fell over the edges of the chasm, and took an in- voluntary "header" to the land of ghosts. The turbulent downpour seemed to con- centrate itself on the "great opening," pour- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories ing from above and draining in from the sur- rounding hills. The abyss began rapidly fill- ing with water, which rose higher and higher, until it presented the appearance of a vast lake. Some of the shrewdest priests had climbed to the tops of trees, expecting to witness a miracle, an apotheosis of Stormy Torrent emerging unharmed from the seething, churning, frothy depths. But the day of miracles had passed. When the depression was full to the brink, the storm ceased as suddenly as it had commenced. With the cessation came not the slightest trace of the missing king or his fair attend- ant. The priests prayed and chanted, and went through their mystic dances; a thous- and infants were offered as sacrifices, but Stormy Torrent had vanished as completely as if he had never existed. During the night the great crowds of In- dians began moving off to their homes. A new day brought rich sunshine, and a cloud- less sky, which looked down on the waters of a beautiful, tranquil lake, clear as crystal Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 73 and inscrutable as the mystery of life itself. Centuries have passed, but it has never receded nor grown less. But the Indians never quite became ac- customed to its presence, and ascribed to it many supernatural qualities. When storms arose, they said, out towards the center, the waters always surged and boiled and leaped upwards like a geyser, and from the foam could be seen the face and outstretched arms of a beautiful maiden. Sometimes if the wind died down for an instant, a voice calling for help could be heard, but would be lost again in the wailing of the tempest. Sometimes young braves, with a spirit of the sheerest hardihood, would venture out in their canoes to try and rescue the unfortunate derelict, but they were al- ways swamped and drowned before reaching their goal. When the Indians were driven to the north, and white settlers pitched their camps on the shores of Lewis's Lake, they also were lured into peril and death by the entreaties of this unhappy siren. Two young French- 74 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories men were drowned about 1760, leaving their hepless widows and children in the awful wilderness. After their fate the story spread, and now no one bothers to notice the struggling figure when the storms agitate the center of the lake. It does seem as if some day the beauti- ful Laurel-Eyes will be freed, as her part in the forbidden visit to the Underworld was not of her own choosing. But as for Stormy Torrent, in durance vile, in tortures hideous, he is probably doing penance now, in the in- most recesses of the earth, a being who dared to penetrate into the realms reserved only for the happy shades of the departed. THE LAST PACK ES," said old Sam Emery, "those are genuine wolf skins, all right," and he brought his foot down heavily on one of them to emphasize his words. We had been admiring four foot-rugs made of these brown, bushy hides, which were quite a curiosity in Pennsylvania. "I value them next to my wife and family," he went on, "because I killed them myself. They belonged to the last pack of wolves in this state." We were indeed surprised to hear this in- formation, as we had long wanted to see a Pennsylvania wolf hide, so as to be satisfied as to the variety of wolf which formerly in- habited our forests. Instead of a solemn wait for dinner at the lonely little house where we had stopped, having missed our road and 75 76 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories gotten into White Deer Valley instead of Sugar Valley, we were to be treated mean- while to some information for which we had been searching for several years. It is in the most out-of-the-way corners where we learn the most precious facts, and anyone who does not travel will find the solu- tion of even some of the simplest problems in- terminable. All can be made easier by abid- ing by the principle of "luck in travel." "It was before your time," continued old Emery, "but the papers all had accounts or how a party of us raftsmen wiped out a pack of twenty hungry wolves. Nobody thought anything of it thirty years ago, as all kinds of fierce adventures were being reported from the wild regions in the central part of the state. Isiow, if a man kills a good-sized bear he gets a column and his picture in the North American. "When we killed twenty wolves WP got a few lines in the country papers, and not one Philadelphia papers copied it. I can show you the notices now, if you want to see them," and the old man went to the shelf beside Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 77 the clock, and took down a much-used cook book. Pasted in the back were several clip- ping's from poorly printed newspapers, yel- low with age, telling in a few 'brief lines how a party of raftsmen had been attacked by wolves, but had succeeded in killing all of them. That was about all, although the incident deserved to have been prominently featured. "Those are pretty short notices," I said, as I handed back the book. "Won't you tell the entire story?" "Dinner won't be ready for fifteen minutes yet, and I'll try to give it to you the best I can, before you are called by the woman." After putting some more wood in the stove, for it was a raw, overcast October day, he took his place in his chair and began his in- teresting narrative. "There were six of us on a raft coming from Clearfield early in April, 1879 ; the weather was bitter cold, and there was snow on all the mountains. Our raft had been poorly built, and after we left Williamsport it seemed to be loosening all over. A short way above Muncy, as the 78 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories water was running high, we got pretty un- easy. "We pushed in and tied in a snug little eddy at the foot of the big Bald Eagle moun- tain. That was a pretty wild country in those days, but even within the past twenty years the engineers on the railroad which runs along the foot of the mountain, often saw deer on the track, and one evening a big buck jumped the bank into the river to the amaze- ment of all the passengers of the west-bound mail. The Bald Eagle mountains come to an end at this point, and back in them all kinds of animals were found. "The wolves made their last stand there, and in the Seven mountains just west of them. There are a few stray ones to this day, but the packs are gone forever. There had been some terribly cold weather in 1878 and 1879, and lots of snow, which made the wolves which lived in these mountains very desperate. "Formerly old settlers said this pack num- bered several hundred, but they were trapped out and died off until when we met them they Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 79 had less than two dozen. The night we tied up in the eddy was more like January than April; there was a cold wind and sleet fell most of the time. We were eating supper about seven o'clock in the evening; it was dark, when we first heard the wolves bark. "Some said they were dogs running deer, but we were too old hunters for that, and it wasn't long before we all were saying 'wolves.' By the time supper was over the barking became so loud that it seemed as if the animals were in the thick woods just above the railroad track. We thought when the east-bound train came by it would scare them off, but it had no such effect, they were only louder than ever. "There were no houses for half a mile above or below where we were moored ; even on the opposite bank it was bare and cheer- less. I had a shot-gun which I used to kill birds on the river, and all of us carried re- volvers, so we felt certain if we were attacked we could come out victorious. Ira Sloppey, who was a great wolf hunter, said he never Pennsylvania Mountain Stories heard of wolves attacking men, but they would always fight if cornered. "Just as the noise was at its worst, we heard the 'dip, dip/ of the paddles of a dug- out coming near us in the darkness. Some- one had evidently seen our light and was go- ing to find out our connection with the ugly yelping on the hills, we thought. The boat pushed alongside and a tall, lean Yankee, car- rying a rifle, got out, and introduced himself as Hiram Atwood. " 'Boys, oh, boys,' he said, 'do you know there is a pack of wolves on the bank above you? It is the first I've heard here in seven years, and I calculated if you hadn't the spunk to go after 'em, I would.' I spoke up and said, 'as long as they weren't bothering us, we felt it was best to let them alone.' "Then the Yankee went to his boat and re- leased a small, hound-like dog which he had tied to the seat, and lifted it up the steep bank to the railroad track. He came down in a few minutes and told us to load our arms and stand in line to await developments. "All of a sudden the noise became louder Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 81 than ever, like hell let loose, and in half a minute that little hound was back on the raft, shivering at her master's feet. In an- other half minute we could see the green eyes of the wolves, like tail lights on a caboose, coming across the tracks and down the bank. Oh, but they were big fellows, you can see how they looked from these rugs. "Just as the leader of the pack reached the first log of the raft Atwood had him down with a bullet between the eyes, and each of us selected a victim and brought him down. Some of the tailenders stopped short, half way and Atwood brought them to earth easily. Four or five which were hit, turned and made across the tracks into the trees. "When the excitement was over we went after our pelts, and we found we had killed eighteen. Some of them were very thin, but all had good, thick hair. We spent the night skinning and dressing the hides, and threw the nasty carcasses into the river. "Atwood said that every wolf he hit was a dead one, and suggested we go out in the woods next morning and find the ones that 82 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories got off. We found one dead wolf near the top of the mountain, and on the way back the dog chased out one that was wounded from behind a big burnt stump, which stood above a spring near the railroad. Atwood finished him with the butt of his rifle. So we got twenty out of a possible twenty-two or three. "Atwood did most of the killing, but he only took a dozen hides as his share, and let us have eight to divide among ourselves. We left them all with him, however, to collect the bounties. When we got back from our trip I stopped off at Muncy and walked out to his place, and collected our share of the hides. Two had fallen to my share, but later I bought two more from a couple of the boys, and I'm mighty glad I did. "The rest mistreated theirs, used them to cover the seats of wagon boxes, and they soon came to nothing from outdoor use in all kinds of weather. I had mine made into these rugs, where they will be always useful and remind me of that devilish night in the eddy. But, as I told you before, there are still some Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 83 wolves in these parts. I saw one myself in Penn's Valley last spring. "It gave me a look, and must have recog- nized me as one of the boys that wiped out his family tree, for he dropped his tail be- tween his legs and made for the brush like a whitehead." As he said this the kitchen door opened and his "old woman" came in and announced that dinner was ready. The clock said "half -past four," which meant that we would have a twenty mile drive before us, mostly after dark, through what was once the great wolf country. "Oh, how I wish the wolves could be met with again," I whis- pered as a substitute for saying grace! VI. STORY OF THE SULPHUR SPRING HE Gipsy caravan, with its wagons painted green and white, and with green tas- sels and jingling bells on the horses, halted on the road opposite the Sulphur Spring. Bill Stanley, the hefty chieftain, had gotten out, and was offering a tin- ful of the water to the women of the party. "This would have been a royal place to camp," he remarked, after everyone had re- fused the odoriferous refreshment, "if only the water was different." Old Aaron Swartwout, veteran of the Mexi- can and Civil Wars, who had followed the Gipsies in his broken down buggy, up the hill from Loganton, had drawn near to listen to the talk, now could remain silent no longer. "The water was different once, it used to be the best spring in all these valleys, only it 84 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories got cursed in Indian times, and took on that awful taste and smell." The Gipsy chief looked at the white-bearded old veteran a minute, and then inquired good-naturedly, how the bewitching occurred that could have destroyed the general usefulness of this copi- ous source of water. "Well, sir, it was this way," said the old man, leaning against the wagon, with one foot resting on the hub. "Golden Treasure was the king of the Indians in this valley, and with the exception of Mountain River in Penn's Valley, was the greatest ruler the redmen had at that time. He had one daugh- ter, the Princess Flower of Mirth, for whom he planned a brilliant future. His first idea was to marry her to Red Panther, old Moun- tain River's only son, but he was struck by lightning and killed while defying the Storm God, which put an end to hopes in that di- rection. "Away down the country was a mighty chief called Iron Mountain, who had a son, My Hills and Valleys, said to be a most prom- ising young warrior. Warfare with adjoin- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories ing tribes, which took her father away, de- layed sending ambassadors to arrange the union, and the beautiful Flower of Mirth was often left alone for weeks at a time in the kingly encampment, a quarter of a mile down the road from where your wagons are stand- ing at present. Of course, there was an alert bodyguard to prevent sudden attack on the camp, and plenty of women of all ages, but the difference in rank kept all of these at a distance, which meant that the Princess was unmolested most of the time. "One summer evening there was a comet in the sky, and the Princess, knowing that it generally foretold some war or pestilence, concluded she would go out into the moun- tains and get a good look at the celestial vis- itor. She was not a good walker, having been carried in litters all her life, and when she had gone only a few steps to the spring, felt tired and sat down on a rock to rest. She had not been there very long when she saw the figure of a young Indian approaching out of the hemlock wilderness. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 87 "The night was so clear she could see his face plainly, and noticed that while he was not good looking, his appearance was striking and unusual. He was short, squarely built, with a large head, curly hair, deep set eyes and a sharp straight nose. He carried large baskets heavily laden, in each hand. When he saw her, he apologized for his intrusion, and would have passed on, had she not asked him if she was going in the proper direction to obtain the best view of the comet. "The young Indian told her he was going to see the comet himself, and would feel hon- ored if he could escort her to a magnificent point of vantage he had lately discovered. It was a rash act for the Indian Princess to accompany a stranger to the top of a moun- tain, at night, as it was an excursion likely to end in one of two ways either she would be. ill used, or would fall in love with her es- cort. On the way, the stranger explained that he was gifted with the .power of second sight, and that he had been driven from his tribe far in the west, because of certain evil spells cast over his tribesmen, of which, he Pennsylvania Mountain Stories assured the Princess, he was entirely inno- cent. "Since the appearance of the comet, he had been visiting the mountain top every night, trying to unfathom its meaning. His studies were almost completed, and tonight he ex- pected to know fully what was in store for the residents of the valley, which we now call Sugar Valley. The Princess was natur- ally interested in such a weird and remark- able young man, and in the charm of his conversation and enthusiasm, forgot his rather uncouth appearance. "When they reached the summit, they stood together on a great flat boulder, watch- ing silently the huge, brilliant, virile comet, tearing its way through the heavens, leaving a trail behind which seemed like the atoms of shattered stars that had tried to dispute its onward course. The Princess felt cold and instinctively drew near to her com- panion, and soon their hands were touching, and before long his arm was around her. She had never been close to a man before, and the thrill which the stranger sent through Pennsylvania Mountain Stories her, vibrated and throbbed from head to foot. "She forgot all about time, and the heav- ens were swallowing up the stars when they began their downward climb. On the way, she asked him if he had read the secret of the comet to his satisfaction. He was slow to answer, but finally told her that he could see nothing in it that meant disaster to her father, or her family, or to any other Indian, except himself. He said it disclosed the story of his own ruin, and that this night of happi- ness was to be one of the last he would ever experience. Flower of Mirth chided him for being so downcast after they had spent such a bliss- ful evening together, and he was inconsolable until she promised to meet him at the spring the next evening. It was almost daybreak when he left her at the outskirts of the en- campment, and skulked off into the dense forest. The next night she was true to her promise, and met him, and they reclimbed the rocky mountain, and marveled at the comet, and became loving to one another off there by themselves on that remote pinnacle Pennsylvania Mountain Stories of the world. The stranger did not reveal his rank, although if he was gifted with the power of second sight it gave him a title of nobility, but even at that he must have been far below the Princess in birth, still such a difference counted for nothing, as they made love and let the hours slip by. "For ten nights consecutively they met, each one seemingly more enchanting than its predecessors. On the eleventh night, at dusk, the stranger was sitting on the rock by the spring, waiting for the Princess Flower of Mirth, anticipating another gladsome session on the mountain peak. In his hand he held a small bunch of carefully selected wild- flowers, the only tribute he could bestow upon his beloved, as he was not a hunter. He had to wait longer than usual, and was getting impatient, when he heard bursts of laughter on the path leading to where he rested. "Pretty soon he discerned the form of the Princess, but by her side was the towering and athletic figure of an Indian youth, trimmed and tufted with elks' teeth and eagle feathers, betokening his high rank. Back of Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 91 the couple, at a respectful distance, marched two aged chiefs; one of them was Golden Treasure, and the other was evidently the father of the Indian Prince. Flower of Mirth and her companion were evidently deeply in- terested in one another, for they continued to laugh, and their steps were light and joy- ous. When they reached the spring the stal- wart Prince leaned down to fill a gourd full of water, and, while he did so, the Princess turned her head away, so as to look as if she did not see the stranger rising from the nearby rock, with the bunch of flowers in his hand. "As the Prince handed 'her the water, she had to look in the direction of the stranger, who stepped forward smilingly, and at- tempted to give her the 'flowers. As he held out his hand, old Golden Treasure, who had come close beside him, dealt him a terrible blow on the side of his head, and -he fell for- ward on his face on the flat slab laid out be- fore the spring. As he struck it he began to change quickly, losing all semblance of human form, while the terrified quartet, 92 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Flower of Mirth, her father, Golden Treas- ure, and her new lover, My Hills and Valleys, and his father, the old chief, Iron Mountain, cowered against the trees and vines in ab- ject terror. "Gradually his form was blended into a compact mass, which then began to elongate, and assume a greenish tint, and take on masses of scales. The hair fell out of his head, and a smooth gleaming scalp sprouting horns, and a rounded jowl with fangs and hateful greenish-yellow eyes materialized. The monster, when the transformation was complete, rose to its full length, spitting venom in every direction. "This was too much for the stalwart My Hills and Valleys; he leaped at the reptile with his war club, but before he could strike a blow, it had turned, and quick as a flash, squirmed into the rocks back of the spring, from which the crystalline water gurgled. As it vanished, Flower of Mirth fell to the earth unconscious, and the old chiefs, and My Hills and Valleys, seized gourds of water to dash over her brow. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 93 "As they dipped up the water the smell was unbearable, and Iron Mountain, with more hardihood than the rest, touched his cup to his lips, dropping it instantly with a shriek of disgust. The Indian encampment was aroused, and rushed out in a body, light- ing their way to the spring with blazing pine torches. The dazed victims of the unwhole- some tragedy were carried back to camp, but it was days before they recovered their senses. "When old Golden Treasure was able to move about, he ordered the regal encamp- ment moved to the furthest western extrem- ity of the valley, and all the tents and bowers were burnt. My Hills and Valleys, after the episode, began to "cool off" in his lover-like propensities, and it was only when Chief Golden Treasure threatened to declare war against his people, that his father induced him to go ahead with the ceremony, which united him to the Princess Flower of Mirth. "The marriage took place and the couple started eastward, but were ambushed and cut to pieces by unknown Indians, directly Pennsylvania Mountain Stories across the valley from the fated spring. But despite this retribution of blood, the water never regained its pristine sweetness, but seemed to grow fouler tasting and more ill- smelling as the years went by. No one ever sees a snake of any description near the sul- phur spring, as they all feared the monstrous serpent that coiled itself within the rocky re- cesses of the source on that awful night, when My Hills and Valleys, and Flower of Mirth plighted their troth. "Last year, when Halley's comet ruled the heavens, some boys who were driving home late one night from a festival at Rosecrans, saw what looked to them like a giant saw-log lying across the road opposite the spring house. They got out of their wagon to roll it away, but as they drew near, it commenced to squirm and vanished with a mournful groan in the tall grass and bushes by the spring. "Perhaps the uncanny stranger had hoped the comet would bring back the spirit of Flower of Mirth, but as a writer aptly put it in deploring that each happiness exists but Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 95 once, 'the first fine rapture was not to be caught again,' and he was doomed to disap- pointment. It cannot be believed that the perfidious Indian Princess is at ease, in the Happy Hunting Ground." "Whew," said Bill Stanley, "that's a hel- cramite of a story; let's get out of here double quick." He climbed into the driver's box, cracking his long whip, and the bells on the ill-assorted horses were soon jingling as they hauled the green and white wagons across the bridge and were lost to view among the hemlocks. VII. THE PANTHER HIDE UT in the White Mountains, that great, irregular gran- ite range that forms part of the natural boundary be- tween Union and Snyder counties, is what might be styled a "Devil's Den." A huge sink, it is, covering an area of possibly five hun- dred acres, situated on the summit of one of the highest mountains. Until a few years ago on account of the expense of removal, and breakage, the original timber was stand- ing in this natural "reserve." The trees, mostly white pines, did not grow very close together, but each one rose from a pile of loose, moss-covered rocks, as if for- tified against the inroads of man. There were many speculations as to the origin of this vast sink. Some said it was once a lake, like Lewis's Lake, which is called by the hotel- 96 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 97 men, Eaglesmere. Others declared it to be the crater of an extinct volcano, which sounded most plausible, as the exact centre was depressed and full of fissures; the sides were deeply covered with broken stones vary- ing in size from a baseball to boulders weigh- ing a ton. These loose rocks made natural caverns, and were sought out as hiding places for the wild animals of the neighboring regions. Packs of wolves were driven out only after great effort and a few stragglers still make it their retreat. Bears, foxes, wild cats, catamounts, pan- thers, raccoons, fishers and wolverenes were killed there. Eagles, innumerable hawks, ravens and buzzards frequented the dizzy heights of the pine trees. It was a hard place for hunters to approach, but when they did, they were nearly always rewarded with a good bag. A season never passed without a couple of bears being trapped, and for a number of years, annually, panthers were taken out. A period of ten years had ensued without 98 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories a panther having been killed, but rumor was persistent of one being seen about the "den." One winter the cold weather set in before Thanksgiving, and panther tracks were noticed in every direction. None of the settlers in the fertile ravines, or on the slopes of Jack's mountains to the south complained of losing any stock, still it was an uncomfortable feeling to have a pan- ther wandering about so close to the farm houses. As winter progressed the brute seemed to lose his shyness, and appeared to about every unarmed person on the moun- tain. Children coming home from Sunday school at Troxelville, would see it lying in the road ; it would show its deference by get- ting up and letting them pass. Women, whose husbands were out hunting or cutting logs, would find it curled up in the manger when they went to the stable to hunt for eggs. It would lie still until they left the barn, then it would crawl out of its nest and start for the "tall timber." Men in buggies and wagons would see it crouched on rocks or logs by the roadside, but it never stirred a muscle until Pennsylvania Mountain Stories they were safely out of sight. No one with a rifle, or even a revolver, could see it; it seemed to have a scent which was trained to the smell of gun barrels and powder. Out of a hundred persons who had met with it, and a hundred more whose premises it had visited, not a soul could say that it had acted towards them and their property other than in a "genteel" manner. In one of the loneliest hollows, a young hunter named Johnny Gorman, had made his home for sev- eral years. He lumbered a little, cleared a few acres in his spare time, and built a fair sized house. It looked like a layer-cake, it had so many different kinds and sizes of lum- ber in its construction. The mountaineers called it "the house of many colors." When he got it finished he began to feel lonely, so his fancy rested upon pretty Mildred Huey, the daughter of a farmer who lived near the old distillery in the Middle Creek Valley. . Johnny was a handsome fellow, with clear cut features, a good nose, and a square, de- termined chin; there was nothing against him on that score but he was somehow ac- 100 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories counted shiftless. His life in the mountains and his hunting and fishing exploits gave color to that reputation. Mildred was sent to an aunt in Lock Haven, considered a vast distance from Troxelville, and her parents breathed contentedly for a time. Johnny, so as not to attract notice, left his horse at Glen Iron, and walked to Lock Haven, met the girl; they took out a license, and were married. She told her aunt to write the folks what she had done, then she returned with her husband to his many-colored house in the mountains. On the drive out from Glen Iron, where they had come by train, while lying in Johnny's arms, she confided to him that her family were "hanted," that is they were followed by ghosts, and he must not be surprised if he saw some around their new home. The bridegroom laughed heartily; he did not believe in any such thing ; ghosts were played out ; they belonged only to old people. The horse was pulling up a steep pitch in the road, when all at once he stopped, and began to back down hill. It was not quite Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 101 dark, so the keen-eyed woodsman looked ahead for the trouble before he even began to urge the animal forward. To his sur- prise, he saw a monster panther sitting on its haunches in the road on the summit of the rise. He forgot about the dangers of a horse backing a buggy down a steep hill, yanked out his revolver, and fired four shots at the impertinent brute. It never stirred, his usu- ally true aim had gone amiss. Then the buggy struck a rock and overturned, and Johnny, Mildred, her suit case, the cushions and robes were in a tangled mass among the huckle- berry bushes. Luckily the horse did not try to run, and nobody was hurt. One wheel was, however, irretrievably dished, so they rigged a pole to keep the buggy steady, threw the suit case aboard, and the newly-married couple walked the balance of the distance. The panther had disappeared while they were repairing the turnout, so they saw no more of it until after they got into the house and had retired. The night was cold and frosty; there was a half -formed moon. They had barely settled 102 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories in the four-poster, when the most hideous screaming was heard in the garden. They looked out, and beheld the panther crowded in the lea of the paling fence, howling at the moon like a sentimental watch dog. Johnny called to his hounds, but they were strangely apathetic. He struck a light, and loaded his new Savage rifle, model of 1899, and took careful aim at the beast, which lay less than fifty feet away. The shots rang out, but in- stead of a dead panther, there was no pan- ther at all. "Were we dreaming, Mildred?" said Johnny, after he had looked in vain for a bleeding carcass. He climbed into his cordu- roy trousers and went into the garden. Mil- dred, a pretty picture of fright and inno- cence, stood inside the half-closed door call- ing to her beloved not to run any chances. He saw the spot where the animal had laid, but it had evidently cleared the palings with one bound. He went around to the kennel, only to find both dogs sound asleep. He roused them, and gave them a clubbing, but the poor beasts never knew what it was for. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 103 He returned to the house and the balance of the night was spent in peace and comfort. The next night no panther was about, and the day after that Johnny took his horse to go to Glen Iron to make some purchases. Mildred, who was washing, said she didn't mind his absence for a few hours. About noon she fancied he ought to be back, so she looked out of the front door. Outside the gate lay the panther sound asleep. She hur- ried to the back of the house, and called the dogs, but this time they were among the miss- ing. She didn't know much about the use of firearms, but not being lacking in courage, she seized Johnny's rifle, which was loaded, locked the door, and took aim through the open window. The bullet went through one of the palings of the gate, but the panther, unscathed, got up, stretched himself, and sauntered away. Less than five minutes later her husband appeared. He had heard the shot, and guessed what it meant. He would have doubted that she had actually seen the animal were it not for the impression of its body in the mud. 104 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories That night there was nothing unusual, but the one following, they heard, but did not see the intruder. The next morning they started for Glen Iron in the buggy, meeting Adam Straub, an old-time hunter, on the road. "I'm on my way to the 'sink,' " he told them, as he held up his rifle proudly. "I've set a trap for that panther that comes through this country every winter he's bolder than ever this year. This is the tenth year I've been on his trail, but I sort of feel this year he'll bite the dust." "We were just going after you," said Johnny, "that panther's not in the 'sink,' at present, his headquarters are around our house this is my wife I just married," pointing proudly to the pretty looking black- eyed girl by his side. "At your house, that damned panther ; he's got an awful nerve. Why can't you, after all the bears you've finished, take him into camp?" "I've shot at him a dozen times," said Johnny sheepishly, "but I think the brute's bewitched, I can't hit him." Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 105 "Can I spend the night at your place?" asked old Straub. "Cert," said Johnny, "we'll turn around, and this afternoon we can lay our plans, and if we two don't get him in the next forty- eight hours we'll know the reason why." They drove back to the house of many col- ors, with old Adam tramping along behind. They had a jolly time arranging the cam- paign, and at bedtime the old hunter was as- signed to the room adjoining the bridal cham- ber. The moon was nearly full, and its soft light mellowed the garden, the picket fence, the stumps, the field of burnt saplings be- yond, the gaunt yellow pines along the edges of the clearing. At midnight a scream like a woman in agony was heard among the pines. It grew nearer and nearer, and Johnny and old Adam were at the windows with rifles ready. Out of a thicket of chestnut sprouts a dusky form appeared, seemingly magnified fourfold by the moonlight. It paused and glared at the determined men in the windows of the house across the lane. The rapid click-bang-bang 106 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories of two rifles resounded on the frosty night, but the panther remained rigid until the last cartridge was spent, and calmly turned around and retreated. "Young man," called old Adam through the partition, "that's no panther we've been fol- lowing, it's a deil; no wonder he couldn't be trapped. Does that wife of yours come from a 'hanted' family? If she does, it explains why the varmint is making a specialty of parading around your premises." "She sure does come from a 'spooked' fam- ily," answered Johnny. Mildred raised up in bed and looked at him wistfully as if she wondered he would love her less for it. "Go to sleep now," called old Adam. "I'll fix that panther in the morning. I can lay any spook or witch in the country. There's not one of them can stand up against me. Good night, everybody." Johnny could hear the "click" as he turned out his lamp, and climbed into his couch. About daylight the old hunter struck out for Glen Iron, but in the early afternoon he was back carrying several bundles. These in- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 107 eluded a plumber's torch and a cartridge mold. He asked Johnny for his cartridge box and took several of them, prying out the leaden tips. Then he melted three silver dol- lars, and put the metal in the mold. When they had cooled off, he placed the silver tips in the cartridges from which he had removed the lead. "Tonight that hex, or panther, or whatever it is will die," he solemnly declared as he loaded the rifle with the silver bullets. The winter moon shone through the frost-laden, vapory atmosphere just as it did the night before, the gaunt yellow pines with their up- lifted branches fringed the sky-line at the edge of the clearing. Johnny and Mildred seated themselves by the window of the room on a heavy trunk, while old Adam drew his bed to the window of his room and awaited developments. At midnight the first faint cries of the panther echoed from the ravine behind the pines. Closer and closer it came, roaring like a lion when it reached the slashings, descend- ing to a guttural growl as its head emerged 108 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories by the edge of the lane. Adam Straub, lying across his couch, took careful aim, "crack- bang-bang" went the rifle, and with a cry intensely human, the panther sprang twenty feet in the air, and lay quivering in the middle of the road. Adam carrying the rifle, and Johnny with his hunting knife were by his side in a min- ute, but he was stiff and dead, so they pro- ceeded to skin him. The animal was a male, and measured by Mildred's tape eleven and a half feet from tip to tip. There was no sleep for any of the household that night. At dawn, the ground being frozen hard, the flayed carcass was buried in a hole that had been started for a well, and rocks and stumps were thrown in to fill it. After breakfast the hide was put in the wagon, and the trio drove to Middleburg to "show off" the unusual trophy. The court-house was closed, so they could not claim a bounty that afternoon but they exhibited the hide on the steps of the Jefferson hotel across the way where it was viewed by hundreds of people. Next morning there was some question Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 109 about paying the bounty, as none had been paid on panthers in fifteen years, and the treasurer wanted them to leave the hide with him until he could get an opinion from the county solicitor. Johnny refused, and took it to the tannery, to have it made into a rug. In due course of time he received word it was finished, so he came after it, taking it again to the court-house. The county treasurer said he doubted if any bounty could be paid on a tanned hide, which made Johnny angry, and he threw it into the wagon box and started for the White Mountains. At his home it was admired by the mountaineers for a few days, then he put it for safe keeping on a trestle in the garret ; it was too valuable to be scuffed about as a rug. One thing was lacking, the tanner had omitted to provide it with glass eyes. Time passed, the "panther scare" was for- gotten, and another autumn was at hand. One October night Johnny and Mildred were returning from a call at the home of a couple named Schultz who had started to build a house and clear some land about two miles 110 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories down the hollow. Half-way home they heard a cracking of dry underbrush. The moon's rays giving them a clear vision, they were horrified to see a hideous object bob out of the bushes and cross the path. It was the hide of a panther flapping along on some dis- jointed carriers, and it looked all the world like a manikin propelled by a string. They might have thought it a joke, for Hallowe'en was near, had not the thing let out a pitiful squall and besides Johnny had in his vest pocket the key to the Yale lock of the attic door where the hide was kept. It disappeared in a thicket of young hem- locks and the dismayed couple hurried to their home. They went to the garret find- ing the lock untouched, but on opening the door saw the hide was not to be found. In the morning, fearing they had been dream- ing- in the moonlit woods, they re-opened the p.ttic, but this time the hide lay in the same position across the trestle as it had been placed there several months before. That night they were awakened by the awful bark- ing of the dogs, and from the window they Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 111 could see them in bitter conflict with a hor- rible unsteady monster without eyes in the corner of the yard. The dogs were pretty well scarred when they examined them the next morning, but to convince themselves, Johnny and Mildred went to the garret and examined the hide. It had been tanned with the skull and teeth left in, and the white fangs were covered with fresh blood. Brave man that he was, Johnny dropped the hide, and with Mildred rushed from the garret. They harnessed the horse, and drove as fast as they could to find old Adam Straub. The good old man was getting sup- per when they reached his humble cabin in the foothills near the old furnace, but he lis- tened with interest to the recital. "It was very dumb of me not to have thought of that," he answered slowly. "Spend the night with me, and tomorrow go back and bury that panther hide in the same pit with the carcass; then you will have laid this ghost for good and all. They tell me," he went on, "some Indian that was killed by one of your wife's ancestors took on a panther's 112 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories form, and that is the creature which has been seen in these mountains for so many years. I don't reckon there's been a real panther in Snyder county since 1885, when they paid bounty on one at Middleburg. If the silver in my shell had been pure, you wouldn't needed to have buried the hide, but it wasn't pure, so it's worth any trouble to get rid of such a pest." Johnny and Mildred drove leisurely back to the house of many colors, walked boldly up the attic stairs, carried down the great, smooth, tawney hide. It seemed a pity to lose it, but they threw it in the pit on top of the disintegrated carcass. Johnny filled the hole solidly with rocks and stumps, and after a lapse of ten years the couple have never been disturbed by its presence. VIII. MARSH MARIGOLD E were driving, one afternoon in July, through the east end of Brush Valley, and Bonnie Dundee, our faith- ful horse, trotted at the proper gait to enable us to take in all the sights of this quaint, out of the world region. I had not been this way for five years, and every mile or so would decry some act of vandalism perpe- trated since my former visits; a giant tree felled here, an old log cabin razed there, and a gaping quarry opened on a quiet hill-side over yonder. My companion, better versed than I in the vagaries of the local temperament, was ex- cusing the desecrations "that tree shaded the field," "that old house was tumbling down," "the poor man needed the money and had to begin quarrying," or "the price 113 114 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories of timber tempted the widow," and so on, putting a less uncomplimentary construction on their acts. When we came within a mile of Livonia I began to look ahead along the straight road to catch sight of the two huge wild cherry trees, which stood by the road below Moses Smitgall's barn. But I could only see one tree, and as we drew near, the high-cut stump showed where the other had recently stood. "What a terrible shame to have slashed down one of Francis Penn's Betrothal Trees," I cried out in righteous indignation. "That is the worst thing we have seen on the entire trip. I don't see what harm it could have done if left standing." My companion was equally upset by what was a real act of vandalism, and after we passed Stover's and started up the mountain to cross into Sugar Valley, I went over the story of the Betrothal Tree, Francis Penn, and the beautiful Indian maid, Marsh Mari- gold. About the middle of the Eighteenth Cen- tury, Richard Penn, the Proprietary of the Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 115 Province of Pennsylvania, had sent a number of young surveyors into the central part of his domain to lay out and draw maps of the various parcels of land which were to be turned over to desirable settlers. Among them was one young man, who, by birth and talents, was clearly above his fellows. He was Francis Penn, son of a full cousin of the Proprietor, and a graduate of Oxford and holder of degrees from two German univer- sities. His early philosophical bent had led him into religious speculation, and beginning as a member of the Church of England he swung into deism, then adopted the beliefs of the Friends like his immortal relative. In this last affiliation he was perfectly happy and the staid Quakers appeared proud to own him as one of their number. Despite his life of study and religious experience, he had led a stormy career, as far as went affairs of the heart, and that was the sole rea- son of his presence in the wilds of Pennsyl- vania. He had been betrothed to one of the most charming young girls in England, Lady Elizabeth Vane-Tempest, who favored him 116 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories ahead of a score of other acceptable suitors. All seemed to go smoothly with the young couple until two weeks before the wedding, when her ladyship disappeared. At the same time a Dutchman, short, and ill-favored, who served in a dragoon regiment quartered near her father's town house, dropped out of sight. They were apprehended together on the point of embarking for Holland and the fellow jumped into the channel to save his neck, and escaped. The girl was brought home, but Francis Penn never noticed her existence again. As a vision of blonde loveliness she was unexcelled, her exquisite coloring and fea- tures being partially preserved in an unfin- ished painting by Romney which is some- times handed out of the store-room for the edification of art critics at the ancestral halls of her family in Surrey. But Penn was to have his revenge. One night on Fleet Street he was jostled by a low-browed villain in sailor clothes, who, see- ing the young Quaker in the garb of his faith and doubtless unarmed, thought he Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 117 could antagonize him, and in the scuffle knife him easily. But the youthful Quaker was not so easy, and met the sailor's jostle with a powerful wrench, which sent him reel- ing into an iron railing where he ran a picket through his eye into his brain, dying in the gutter in a few minutes. As Penn bent over the expiring wretch he recognized the fea- tures of the Dutch dragoon who had eloped and abandoned the beautiful Lady Elizabeth Vane-Tempest. After that disagreeable incident he sailed for Pennsylvania, where he was assigned to the surveying corps, and made rapid progress with his work. His appearance so closely resembled that of William Penn that he be- came a prime favorite with the Indians. The older chiefs declared it was the Apostle of Brotherly Love come back to life again, and he was often sent into turbulent localities to restore tranquility by his presence. He re- fused many offers of advancement, saying that he would only remain temporarily in the province and could only hold a position from 118 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories which his resignation at any day would be of no moment. The government had been having consid- erable trouble with a brave called Rock Pine, whose headquarters were the entire eastern part of what is now Brush Valley. He had ambushed and slaughtered one surveyor, and the provincial authorities were undecided as to how to adjust the case. Francis Penn was suggested, so the young man, accompanied by a body-guard of five friendly redskins, set out for an interview with the recalcitrant warrior. When they reached his tent, they found the old fellow sitting on a panther's hide, smoking. At first he refused to look up, but when he heard two of the body guards laugh at some witty remark of their white leader, he raised his eyes. Having met William Penn years before at Skakamaxon and noting the remarkable likeness, he was on his feet in an instant, apologizing as he termed it for the "rudeness of an old, half- blind hunter." Within an hour he granted all the demands of the proprietary establish- ment and offered to indemnify the family, if Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 119 there were any, of the dead surveyor whom he acknowledged was slain by some of his tribesmen. He invited the party to remain a month with him; they elected to remain over night. At dinner time young Penn made the ac- quaintance of old Rock Pine's daughter Marsh Marigold, and he remained the month. Our general idea of Indian Maidens comes from pictures of flatfaced Sioux and from the hosts of underbred, and mixed blooded squaws who follow Wild West shows or at- tend government schools. The Indian girls of royal blood, long ago, especially the Sene- cas, were noted for their beauty and not a few Europeans fell victims to their charms. In Virginia it was the same way. Indian princesses were courted, and Pocahontas was feted and admired when her English hus- band took her to his old home. "In the first place she (Marsh Marigold) was not copper colored, her complexion was white, but in cold weather a little red showed in it. Her eyes were almost black, deeply set and expressive, with long black lashes and 120 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories narrow arched brows. Her lips were the color of corals and just full enough to show that her nature abounded with love. Her teeth were a most attractive feature; they were small, luminous like pearls, and set in even rows. She was tall rather than short, erect, and slender, her dark hair was soft and on damp days was inclined to curl. Her nose was just a trifle aquiline, but the nostrils were well-moulded, open. The nose was not straight, but was a little more pronounced on the left side than on the right. This tripled her beauty, for she was one person on the right side, another full face, a third on the left side, all equally radiantly lovely. Her manners were open and kindly, and she gave the impression of frankness and honor." We would be at a loss to present such a detailed description of the personal appear- ance of this now almost forgotten Indian girl, but for the discovery ten years ago, of Fran- cis Penn's journal in an old chest in the ruins of Fort Augusta at Sunbury, from which the above is quoted, but that is another story. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 121 Penn took to her at once, while she seemed to seek his society. The first evening they violated all Indian customs by taking a long walk together to the waterfall half-way up the mountain above Livonia which still splashes down over the rocks, but in dimin- ished quantities. Next day the young Eng- lishman announced he would remain in the valley for some days in order to complete some elaborate maps. Everybody seemed pleased, and the courtship apparently ad- vanced with each evening. Having had troubles of his own, Penn hesi- tated about asking Marsh Marigold if she had any other lover. If he had he might have learned a sad story. A young redskin named Leaning Birch courted her, but his shiftless- ness had estranged old Rock Pine, and he had ordered the youth driven from the camp. The couple had met clandestinely in the forests several times, but the old warrior became wise to this, and threatened Leaning Birch with being burned at the stake if captured. The shiftless Indian apparently skipped the country and the romance ostensibly ended. 122 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories At the end of a month Francis Penn and Marsh Marigold decided to marry, and so in- formed old Rock Pine. Had it been any other white man he would probably have been tom- ahawked on the spot, but William Penn's rela- tive and likeness was too desirable a person- age, and he gave the young couple his fondest blessings. The betrothal took place with full ceremonial, and in honor of the occasion Penn and his promised bride each planted a young wild cherry tree as a token that "the early blossoming of their love would bear fruit by a speedy marriage." Then Penn's relative bade au revoir to the adorable Marsh Marigold, to Rock Pine, and all the other members of the tribe, and started with his body guard for Philadelphia to make arrangements for the wedding and embarking for England. He was to return in about a month. Marsh Marigold, the beau- tiful, pined for days after he had gone, and often walked to the waterfall alone, and sat by the swift torrent for hours thinking of her absent lover. Francis Penn was not less ardent, for he sent back swift Indian runners Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 123 every few days while on his journey with messages protesting his love and eternal de- votion. One morning while the girl was seated by the waterfall, meditating and despondent, she heard the patter of moccasined feet on the pine needles. She looked around, and to her dismay, she saw the figure of Leaning Birch. The shiftless and discarded lover looked the picture of misery. He was lame, had lost one eye, and the left side of his mouth was cut back clear to his ear, and every tooth on that side was missing. Had he looked his natural self she would have scorned him, but his mutilated face aroused her pity, and she listened to his addresses. He sat down beside her, and soon was pour- ing out his tale of woe. He had been cap- tured and sentenced to death down country, had escaped, been captured by another tribe, but had broken loose from his captors al- though not without being pounded, gouged, and slashed after the manner indicated by his appearance. 124 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Then Marsh Marigold told her story, how she had met Francis Penn, the distinguished young Englishman, who had fallen in love with her; he was even now on his way back from Philadelphia to make her his wife and take her to preside over his estates in Eng- land. The crafty ex-lover saw his opening, and asked her if she thought she could leave her beloved mountains, would she be happy so far from home, among a strange people, and was it not a big risk for so young a girl to take? This set the maiden to thinking, and after the five hours talk she went back to her father nursing a new sorrow. Though she had made no appointment, a strange in- stinct drew her back to the waterfall next day. Leaning Birch joined her, and that afternoon when she returned she felt that her Indian suitor had been misjudged, and wasn't such a bad fellow after all. After the third meeting she decided she would never go to England, after the fourth she would run away to the north with Lean- ing Birch. With him she concocted a mes- sage to Penn, to be delivered to the runner Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 125 who would arrive that night with tidings of the young suitor's speedy arrival. She was to meet Leaning Birch at a point several miles down the main path from the camp and help him intercept the runner. Behind the broken stump of a tree they waited, and when the breathless runner came by, Leaning Birch sprang forward and knocked him senseless with a heavy staff. When the un- fortunate messenger "came to" Marsh Mari- gold gave him her message, which he put in his belt, and Leaning Birch gagged and tied him securely to the stump. That done they retraced their steps, start- ing up the mountain in the direction of Sugar Valley. He had it planned that they would hide in the Oriole caves in Nippenose Valley for a week and make a raft in the under- ground current and float out to the Susque- hanna river and then gradually work their way north until they were lost from possible pursuers in the mazes of the Black Forest. But they had not gone any further than the waterfall when Marsh Marigold began to change her mind again. First she walked 126 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories along silently, paying no attention to the glowing plans for the future as outlined by her companion. Then she summoned cour- age and told him she did not love him, that she adored and admired the personality and character of Francis Penn. It was not too late, they could return and release the Indian runner, and he could have time to get away to the caves before Rock Pine learned the story. She would confess all to her fiance, and she knew he would forgive her. Leaning Birch listened to this talk with ill- concealed anger, and caught her by the arm as if to drag her away with him. She swung herself loose, and started to run down the rocky path. The hideous Indian made after her, but she was fleet of foot, and he was lame. She seemed to be gaining on him, so he lurched forward and knocked her to the earth with his hickory staff. As she at- tempted to rise he beat her down, finally splitting her skull with a final savage blow. The Indian maiden died with the name of Francis Penn on her lips, and her cowardly murderer started up the mountain again. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 127 When he reached the waterfall he attempted to cross the creek, but his lame foot slipped into a crevice in the rocks, which held him as in a trap. He howled and cursed, and dragged and tugged, but he was a hopeless captive. After some hours he drew his hunting knife and attempted to cut off his foot, but when he saw the blood flowing he was too cowardly to persist. At daybreak he heard the sound of many footsteps and muffled voices drawing nearer and nearer. Soon to his horror he beheld Rock Pine, grim and menacing, accompanied by a hundred tribesmen armed for battle, the Indian runner with his head bandaged, and a stalwart figure clad in black, with set face ivory white, the bereaved Francis Penn. As they approached with measured tread, Leaning Birch wondered what his fate would be. Most probably slow torture of some kind, he reasoned, but he was quickly put out of the way very differently. Out of the funeral procession the Indian runner executed one of his famous leaps, at the same time un- sheathing a long, thin knife. He was on top 128 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories of the murderer as quickly as an eagle pounces on a lamb, and cut his heart out be- fore anyone could utter a protest. With screams of agony the fiend yielded up the ghost, and died with Francis Penn looking him full in the face. Turning to Rock Pine, the unfortunate lover said quietly, "Bury him under the waterfall so that the pure rivulets will cleanse his evil spirit." A dozen braves lifted out the great flat stones, and the reeking body of Leaning Birch minus the heart which the Indian runner hung on his belt, was dropped with a splash into the bottom of the watery cavity. Then the slabs were thrown over him, and the waterfall went tripping its way as before. In the afternoon Marsh Marigold was laid to rest between the Betrothal Trees and Francis Penn said farewell to Rock Pine, leaving immediately for the East, never to return. He fell sick at Fort Augusta, where he wrote many pages of his journal, which was stolen from him by one of his Indian re- tainers the night before he set out from there for Philadelphia. Strange to say the manu- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 129 script has come to light after a hundred and fifty years. As for Penn, he was last heard of in India, where he is said to have died of a pestilence about 17&5. It seems a pity that a narrative like this must revive the memory of such a foul monster as Leaning Birch, but evil spirits have a greater knack of persisting than good ones. It may be satisfying to some to think that his soul is not at rest. Old settlers declare that every year on the night of the anniversary of the crime a dis- torted being, up to his waist in water, can be seen seated in the bowl of the waterfall. A red discharge gushes from a gaping hole in his left breast, and he holds his hands con- vulsively over the wound as if to try and staunch the flow. But it continues to pour forth, and mingles with the eddies and whirls and froth of the pool. Sometimes when the winds are high, he cries out sharply, as if his caged spirit wanted to escape into the storm. Always on the day after particles of reddish substance are found in the pool, and adhering to the rocks of the stream along the gorge. 130 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Doubters say it means there is a deposit of iron ore somewhere, but those who have seen the hideous bather know it is the soul's blood of his eternal expiation. Maybe with the cutting down of one of the Betrothal Trees the spell is broken, but there are many who believe that Leaning Birch will appear again this September. IX. STORY OP THE PICTURE ROCKS ICTURE ROCKS as the name of a postoffice, Picture Rocks the name of a rail- road station in Lycoming county, are known to most everyone. True enough, the rocks are to be seen, but it is hard for the most imag- inative to discern how they could have obtained their name. The sur- face, ripped and scarred by landslides, quar- ries, the running of logs and the frosts and thaws of years, seem too uneven to have ever displayed an artist's handiwork. Many declared that they were named be- cause of their "picturesqueness," and not from any portraits or signs cut or painted on their face. But the early settlers had a story, and not such an old one, either, which told of a day when the great rocks which rise from the base to the summit of the moun- 131 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories tains at this point, were as smooth as modern blackboards in a cross-roads school house. For five or six successive centuries the In- dian chieftains in the Loyalsock and Muncy Valleys had pictorial records of their great- est victories painted on the rocks. The In- dians were adepts at discovering and mixing colors, and the artistic sense, though to us seemingly crude, had many elements of dig- nity and impressiveness. In later years one chief had attempted to have- the pictures cut and not painted on the rocks, but the strata was too soft and probably started the disinte- gration that was followed by the white lum- bermen and quarriers. It is difficult to assign a date to a legend of this kind, but we assume that it was about the year 1760, when a party of French settlers from Berks county found their way into the fertile regions around the Picture Rocks. The year before, Wolf's Pathway, a noted Seneca "King," had crushed a serious insur- rection among his tribesmen, and in the skirmishes and battles including a "canoe" battle fought at night on the Susquehanna, Pennsylvania Mountain Stories near what is now Nippeno Park, over a thousand redskins of both factions were killed. It was the wish of the conquering chieftain to have his success perpetuated pictorially on the rocks, so he commissioned his young cousin, Fisher Fox, the most talented Indian artist in the entire country at that time, to paint the historic occurrence. He was to re- present the fight in the canoes at night, with the triumphant followers of Wolf's Pathway climbing into the boats of their enemies, and killing them with their stone-headed clubs. On the shore the women were to be shown running along lighting the way of their heroes, with huge fire-brands. To accom- plish this, a painting done some thirty-five years before, depicting the victory of the father of Wolf's Pathway Old Merciless over his life-long adversary, Golden Treas- ure, with the intrepid old warrior in the very act of splitting his rival's skull with his toma- hawk, while the victim's henchmen stood by, too awed by the proceeding to rush to his succor, had to be obliterated. Indians, at 134 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories least in these old days, were anything but sentimental. This took considerable time, but Fisher Fox had a daring scheme in mind, which soon began to blossom forth on the expansive background. The central figure was to be Wolf's Pathway himself, attired in full chief- tain's regalia, standing with one foot in his own canoe, while the other was in another boat on the throat of one of the leading in- surgents. With each hand he was choking to death two other noted rebels who were in the same canoe as the wretch being ground beneath his heel. One bright morning in July he was high on his scaffold of white birch poles, painting away at the heroic figure of Wolf's Pathway, when he heard the singing of songs in a for- eign tongue, down among the hemlocks by the bed of the stream. Years previously, in order to give a better view of the historical paintings a vast clearing had been made in front of the Picture Rocks. Every chief who had his deeds emblazoned there decreed a fresh clearing of this space, so that it was Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 135 always open, and the buffaloes, elk and deer often grazed there. The singing grew nearer, until several heavy covered wagons drawn by oxen, with outriders on horseback, came in sight. The Indian artist put some extra flour- ishes to his brush, and mixed in richer and deeper tints to "show off" to the strangers. As he was alone, he was in a decidedly ami- cable spirit. The ox teams halted directly below the scaffolding in order that the trav- ellers might look at the painting and faces began to peer out from the back of the wagons, and children clambered down on the grass and ran about and played. One young woman, with a particularly heavy head of dark brown hair and sparkling hazel eyes, looked out and caught the eye of the artist. As she did so, she called out in French : "Who ever saw such a foolish looking picture; aren't you ashamed of yourself?" Fisher Fox knew a little French and could guess the rest from her gestures and laugh- ter, and he scowled deeply and cursed under his breath at this ridicule of his masterpiece. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories But some of the other members of the party, especially the men on horseback, were not so critical, and loudly praised its execution. Perhaps they were afraid to offend the In- dian lest he complain to his chief, and start hostilities with the Frenchmen. At any rate they stayed so long and talked so much that they decided to halt where they were, and a couple of the men, having found heavy springs of water nearby, announced that they would make their homesteads on the spot. Until they had time to erect their one- roomed log cabins the pioneers lived in their wagons, and the broad sward at the foot of the rocks soon presented an animated aspect. The horses and oxen were picketed, chickens and geese were released from their coops, and not a few dogs and cats made thmselves at home under the heavy trucks. The dogs barked in a chorus with the wolves and foxes at night. The cats had a rich feast on birds which were so plentiful and tame, that they were easily caught. The settlers killed nearly a hundred buffa- loes the first month and their hides and flesh Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 137 were hung to dry on poles about the camps. During these hunting expeditions, which con- sumed days, when it would seem the men ought have been building their huts, for the summer was passing rapidly, the women and children remained around the wagons, guarded by old Etienne Binet, whose name has been corrupted into Binney, by unap- preciative generations. Binet was an expert shot, and was ac- counted capable of guarding the party in case of Indian attack, which seemed unlikely, as the land pre-empted had been paid for long previous to the settlers arriving in the valley. The young dark woman who had laughed at the Indian artist's frescoes on the Picture Socks, began to show some interest in the production as it developed from day to day. Being agile, in response to an invitation from him, she climbed up and took a seat beside him, and watched him mix his colors nd ply his facile brush. The two became quite friendly, and gradu- aly grew able to talk together freely. She told him that her name was Georgie Dupre, 138 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories a cognomen now known in Pennsylvania as Dippery, that she was the wife of Bernon Dupre, the leader of the band of settlers. Before her marriage her name was De La Planche, now called Plank, and her father, old Jacob De La Planche, was one of the best known of the earliest French pioneers of Berks county. Her husband and her father had quarreled, she said, over some cattle, and the former had decided to move "up coun- try," hence their appearance in the Muncy Valley. Fisher Fox, the artist, was a curious type of Indian. He was undersized, of a deep copper color, had small, pale eyes, a rather poorly chiselled biggish nose, a sensual mouth and a shock of very long coarse black hair. Ha became most assiduous in his attentions to Georgie Dupre, which no one else noticed, as the other women were too busy cooking, sew- ing and tending children, to figure out if a Frenchman's wife was spending too much time with an Indian decorator. Fisher Fox was always over his day's work early, though there were probably no Unions Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 139 in his day. So when Bernon Dupre came back at night from the chase, he always found his wife sitting demurely in the sha- dow of his wagon. One morning Georgie met Fisher Fox climbing down from his roost, and he told her he was heading for a certain mountain top to dig some more paint rock. She asked him when he would be back and he said before sunset, so she begged to accompany him. They had not gone far into the forest when a terribe rainstorm arose, and the Indian led his fair comrade into a cave to escape a wetting. It was cold in the cave, so he built a fire, and they both sat around it to get warm. They became drowsy, and fell asleep, and when Georgie awoke, she was lying in the arms of Fisher Fox. Srange to relate, she made no effort to break away, and the wily Indian seeing this, held her tighter and tighter. It was a more blissful embrace than she had ever felt from her husband or from any of the boys she had known before her marriage, and there in the cave she momentarily imagined that her cop- 140 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories per-colored lover was the handsomest and noblest man she had ever seen. Love making and time do not run on the same schedule, so when the fire had burned so low that the cave became deadly cold, Fisher Fox had to gently lay her aside, to throw on some more wood. Georgie smoothed out her hair and brushed her skirts, and went to the opening of the cavern to see how the storm progressed. When she got there she screamed loudly, for two reasons, it was pitch dark outside, and a monster black bear, the rightful tenant of the cave, was standing looking at her quizzically. Fisher Fox rushed to her assistance, but the bear, scenting dan- ger, lounged off into the underbrush, where he kept still. When Georgie saw the Indian she sobbed in mingled French and Seneca, of which In- dian tongue she now knew a few dozen words: "You told me I would be in camp by sunset, now it may be day after tomorrow. Heaven alone knows how long we have been in this cave!" The Indian smiled at her, confessed that he had never been so happy Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 141 before in his life. This remark sealed the French girl's fate. She elected to remain with Fisher Fox. She told him that her husband had an aw- ful temper, was always beating the horses and oxen, had knocked down her father, a man seventy years old, and she feared if she went back he would handle her roughly. The fire was again blazing brilliantly, so the clan- destine lovers returned to it, and remained another indistinguishable period. By this time the rain had ceased, and the sky was clear, so they started in the direc- tion of the main camp of Chief Wolf's Path- way, at the base of the North mountain. They expected a friendly greeting at least, but the great warrior flew into a passion when he saw his artist appear with the attractive French girl. He did not mind the girl so much as the fact that Fisher Fox had left the grand painting unfinished, and under circumstances which looked as if it never could be completed. He vented his anger by ordering the couple out of camp, and sent two giant braves to escort them to the river 142 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories and provide them with a canoe to go down stream. There was no use of Fisher Fox protesting that the settlers living on the shores would shoot him if they saw him paddling down stream with a white girl, it was a case of run the risk, or die instantly. Where the "Sha- mokin Dam" was built many years later, the canoe was in readiness, and Fisher Fox and his pretty sweetheart, with enough provi- sions for ten days, were put in it and shoved into midstream. All went well and no one noticed them until they were below the pres- ent town of Liverpool. Another terrific storm arose and the frail canoe was tossed about like a chip. Fisher Fox was a careful steersman, but was no match for the revolving currents. Sometimes they drifted near to shore, other times they barely grazed the jagged rocks in the centre of the river. Georgie was thor- oughly alarmed and kept praying, but no one in peril ever took an escapade more coolly than the curious visaged Red Man. Once when they were drifting towards shore the Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 143 canoe was swept under the overhanging branch of an enormous elm tree, which hung far out over the water. Quick as lightning Fisher Fox grabbed it with both arms, and swung himself up on it, as the canoe swept underneath. It did not take Georgie long to note the cowardy act, and to realize she had been deserted in the "big river" in a tiny boat. She tried to grab at the branch, but was not quick enough, and was soon out of its reach. Fisher Fox called to her, with that treacherous voice, so notice- able in Indians. "What a foolish looking pic- ture you make, all alone in that canoe, aren't you ashamed of yourself?" Then he ran along the branch, "shinned" down the massive trunk, and disappeared up the bank. The canoe, with its hapless occupant now drifted to the centre of the stream, towards where two mammoth stones raised their swarthy heads. There is a narrow channel between, not wide enough for a boat to pass. "If I strike one of those rocks I am lost; if we head in between, I'm saved," shouted the poor girl in a frenzy. Fortune was with her, 144 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories and the diminutive craft headed straight for the narrow opening and stuck fast. Georgie had a hard task to climb up one of the slip- pery rocks, but she succeeded. There she seated herself, utterly exhausted. She wanted to lie down, but was afraid that she would fall asleep and roll into the angry river. It was very painful to keep awake all night, but the next morning the sun came out, and there was a brisk wind from the northwest, the "Keewaydin" as the Indian called it. Two Germans, armed with guns, were strolling along the shore watching for birds that might have drifted in with the storm. One of them spied Georgie sitting on the rock so glum and disconsolate. "Oh, Balzer," he shouted, "dere's a giant sea bird, watch me shoot it." But Balzer had keener eyes than Johann. "Dot's no sea bird, dot's a woman !" Balzer looked again, his friend was correct, and with the imper- turbability of their race, they walked leis- urely for two miles to where their dugout had been "beached" and pushed up stream and rescued the grateful castaway. VINDICATION OF FREDERICK STUMP NOTICED in one of your 'Mountain Stories,' " said old Aaron Swartwout/'that you speak of Frederick Stump as 'a hardened wretch,' and accuse him of the cowardly murder of many Indians. In the first place he was my ancestor, and I would naturally stand up for his mem- ory, but apart from that he has been slan- dered in every history of Pennsylvania, and needs a defender. Instead of being a mur- derer he was a peaceful settler, although after he had punished some Indians for fiendish conduct, he was much persecuted by them, and by many of the whites, to whom the crafty Red Men had persistently misrepre- sented him. "Stump, in early life, was a great admirer of Indians, but almost from the outset he 145 146 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories became embroiled with them, and their hatred of him was as intense, as his former love had been strong. He cleared a fine farm in the Middle Creek Valley, and was develop- ing into a personage of some political im- portance when his final trouble with the Red Men took place. True enough, he had al- ready been in a dozen skirmishes with In- dians, and had had his thumb bitten off in a hand to hand conflict near Fort Augusta, but in the Middle Creek Valley he lived for five years without having a word with any of the tribesmen. "He had a favorite nephew, Balzer Min- nich, who, though a rough-looking individ- ual, brutal and illiterate, had obtained a beau- ful wife in the person of Georgie Dupre, a woman well-known in Colonial history. He had saved her life from drowning, and out of gratitude or perversity, she went to live with him. She had another husband, but he had disappeared while hunting for her after she had eloped with an Indian named Fisher Fox. She was amazingly beautiful, clever, and full of life, and her child by Min- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 147 nich was considered the handsomest infant 'in the five counties.' "Stump gave them three hundred acres of land by the creek, some five miles from his own home, and in a wild locality. Minnich worked hard to clear it, and had built a com- fortable homestead. Some of the fields were on the other side of the hill from the house, and he would go out in the morning to work in them, leaving his wife and child alone. Georgie was an expert shot, and one night when an eleven foot panther got on the roof, she opened the door and shot it between the eyes as it attempted to jump down on her. She had a coat made out of its hide, with the part from the skull as a cap, and it was a be- coming outfit, the yellow tawney skin show- ing off to advantage her jetty black hair, laughing hazel eyes, and clear complexion. "She was literally afraid of nothing and her horsemanship was proverbial. She had ridden the winner of a race from Swinefords- town to Selinsgrove, a distance of ten miles, through the woods, over logs and creeks, al- 148 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories though after the finish, Otetiani, her pony, dropped dead. "One October afternoon, while her hus- band was away and she was shooting wild pigeons as they alighted on the tops of the original pines which stood across the creek, she thought she saw an elk moving among the laurels. She aimed as carefully as pos- sible, and fired, but a human cry of terror made her realize that she had been uninten- tionally gunning for a man. The next minute a squatty figure in Quaker costume appeared on the bank, and, the water being low, waded over to where she stood. He had kept his face to the ground, but when he looked up she saw it was none other than her old lover, Fisher Fox. He had abandoned her in a canoe in a flood in the 'big river,' so she was angry enough to kill him on the spot, but he threw up his hands and plead for mercy, when she made a move to shoot. " 'Please forgive me,' he cried, 'I am in fresh and terrible trouble. I accidentally killed a respectable Quaker gentleman and am escaping from Harris' Ferry in his Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 149 clothes. I came here by accident only, I as- sure you, and if you will spare me and not tell any white men, I will go my way and never return.' Woman like she dropped her threatening attitude, and the Indian moved by the cabin, which he peered into, and, per- ceiving the infant in the cradle, passed into the wood beyond, without another word. "To see that he meant no mischief Georgie followed him a few minutes later, but she could detect by his footprints that he had gone straight ahead. Not caring to dig up the past with her husband, she kept mum on her disagreeable visitant, and the next day Balzer went as usual to his clearing job across the hill. "A month passed uneventfully and the in- cident was forgotten. Frederick Stump had become very fond of the child, who had been named for him, so one sunshiny morning Minnich started on horseback to take the little chap to spend the day with him. Georgie, surrounded by her dogs and guns, remained at home, as she had often done be- fore. Late in the afternoon she decided to 150 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories take a rest, and bolting the door, stretched herself face downward, as was her custom, on a bench, and was soon asleep. "The crack of a gun awoke her, and she turned around, and peered out through the window, only to see her favorite hound drag- ging himself towards her with blood flowing out of his mouth. Before he reached her another shot resounded, followed by the pite- ous yelping of her other dog. She knew the Indians were after her, so she jumped from the bunk and trained her musket for the ap- proach of her enemies. The wounded dog was crouching outside, but was too weak to bark. "In about five minutes she heard noises at the back of the cabin, first there were foot- falls, then a crackling and sputtering, which told her the cowardly Red Men were setting it on fire, in order to 'smoke' her out. She vowed then and there to die in the ruins rather than give up, but she hoped to have a shot at her tormentors before all was ended. The flames soon began to eat a hole in the stout wall, but she never budged. This ex- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 151 asperated the Indians, and one appeared around the corner and started to look in the window. Georgie caught him where she had hit the panther, and death was instan- taneous. His fate showed the others that she was not coming out, so they resolved to 'storm the castle.' "Protecting themselves with slabs from the woodpile, they 'rushed' the door, which though ribbed with iron bands had to give way to the combined strength of four sturdy savages. As it fell in Georgie fired, but without effect, and the crowd overwhelmed her. She fought like a tigress, but they wrenched her gun and knife away and in the struggle all her clothes was torn off. The biggest Indian choked her until she was black in the face, and then slipped a gag in her mouth. "After she was thus subdued, the big fel- low rushed her out of doors, but none too soon, for a final gust of flame engulfed the whole cabin and it was soon in ashes. Out- side he whistled loudly, while he was binding her arms securely. Georgie recovered her 152 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories senses gradually and her first impression was the horrible one of seeing Fisher Fox still clad in his Quaker habilaments, appearing from the woods where she had first heard the gun shot. She was so incensed, she al- most burst the gag in her mouth, and strug- gled with her pinioned arms until the ropes ate into the flesh. "It was no use, she was only a captive, bound and without clothing. When Fisher Fox came near he began to laugh in his high, falsetto voice, and put his arms around the helpless woman and began kissing her. Then he said, 'Come along, dear, we will be always together from now on.' She would not stir, so the other Indians grabbed her shoulders and dragged her forward. She let herself fall again and again, rather than move an inch, so they picked her up and carried her through the forest, taking turns. They must have gone about five miles up the creek, when Fisher Fox said they would pitch camp for the night. "It was a foolish thing to do, but some of the other Indians had been getting tired and Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 153 cold and grumbled loudly. As his authority over them was not very pronounced, it was hard to do otherwise. Georgie was uncon- scious from cold by this time, so a big fire was kindled, and she was laid by it to thaw out. When she opened her eyes, Fisher Fox was by her side, and began asking her if she would love him again. She shook her head violently, and closed her eyes, so she could not look at the monster. It was no use, for he shook her roughly, bawling out shrilly for an answer. "The enemies of Marshal Saxe say that he persecuted Justine Favart because she would not reciprocate his love, but that was not a circumstance to the arrant brutality of this rejected Redskin. At last he could restrain himself no longer and screamed : 'If you will not love me, I'll have you tied to a tree and lashed until you do.' He had hardly gotten these words out of his mouth when two pow- erful, bearded figures emerged from the laurels. They were Balzer Minnich and Frederick Stump. 154 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories "The latter had returned to spend a few days at the Minnich home. Finding the house in ashes, the dead Indian and signs of a struggle, they tracked the party through the snow, leaving the baby tied in a basket on the back of one of the faithful horses, and guarded by one of Stump's giant bear hounds. Minnich rushed forward with an oath and grabbed Fisher Fox by the throat. When he downed him he began to carve him into rib- bons with his hunting knife. "Stump was on the other three Indians, who were thoroughly frightened, and knocked them senseless, one by one, with the butt of his musket. Then he cut their throats and piled them in a heap. The Indian women who were encamped nearby, cut their own throats and one butchered her child so as not to fall into the hands of the whites. Minnich left Fisher Fox to slowly bleed to death and covered Georgie with his coat. She again became unconscious, and he left her by the fire, while with Stump he surveyed the bloody job. 'We must get rid of these bodies, Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 155 or the sight of them will kill the girl/ said Stump. "Minnich stamped on Fisher Fox's dying face until it became a jelly, and then joined his uncle in carrying the corpses to the bank of the creek. There they knocked a great round hole in the ice, and threw the bodies down it, as if into a sewer. "By this time Georgie had recovered again, and was refreshed to see no signs of the re- cent tragedy. With Minnich carrying her, they started in the direction of the burnt cabin. On the edge of the clearing they came to where they had left the baby, finding him asleep and safe. "Georgie felt so happy after her adven- ture, that she leaped on one horse with the child, while Minnich and Stump mounted the other. It was now nearly daybreak, and in a couple of hours they were landed in front of Stump's big log mansion. "All the neighbors were informed of the burning of Minnich's cabin and the attempted abduction of his wife, and heartily approved 156 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories of the summary disposal of the dastardly Indians. "But the affair was not to end so pleas- antly. Early in February there was a heavy snowfall and grand sleighing. Minnich and Georgie, with their child, took advantage of it to return to Berks county, where her father, Jacob De La Planche, had a planta- tion at the foot of the Blue mountains. It was fortunate they did, for the breaking up of the ice in Middle Creek brought ten grue- some, mutilated corpses into the Susquehanna below Selinsgrove. The local authorities, wishing to please the Indians, determined to make an example of the 'murderers.' "Frederick Stump was accused, and to shield Georgie and her family from further trouble, took all the blame on himself. He was thrown into prison, but a determined mob of sympathizers broke down the jail, and he was carried away on their shoulders in triumph. Feeling was so strong that he was not re-arrested, but he left the Middle Creek Valley and moved into Franklin Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 157 county, later being joined by Georgie, her husband and son. "But a stain was put on his name that grew deeper with the years. After his death it exceeded all bounds, and persons who waxed sentimental over the wrongs of the Red Men used him as a 'horrible example.' "It is as hard to change history as the course of a river, so many worthy men are eternally damned by it. While Frederick Stump had his faults, he was not a cold- blooded murderer, even of Indians ; he merely checked a cruel plot againt a defenseless woman, and set an example to all other Red Men, similarly inclined." I told old Aaron Swartwout I would be glad to make use of this story some day, even though I knew that history would not be changed a jot by it. It was a satisfaction to hear this story, and have a prejudice re- moved, for, like many students of Central Pennsylvania history, I had always regarded Frederick Stump as a monster of inhumanity. Even in his remote day it was probably true that "a good Indian is a dead Indian." XI. THE CROSS ON THE ROCK AVE you ever seen the cross on the rock?" said the old half-breed. I had several hours of a wait before me at Keating station for the afternoon train, east bound, and the acquaintance with this aged native had prom- ised to pass the time very pleasantly. I had never even heard of this "natural wonder," so I asked where it was, and if we had time to go and look at it. "I begged the contractors, when they were building the railroad not to destroy it, and they let it be, but I call its preservation a miracle," he added. "Yes, we can go and see it, it is not far up the creek." So I left the party of trainmen who were sitting on the platform of the freight house whittling the planking with their sharp case knives, and accompanied the Indian along the newly- 158 THE CROSS ON THE ROCK Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 159 graded railroad which follows the West Branch in the direction of Clearfield. It was not a long walk, and I felt amply rewarded for the effort. The rock, high and massive, rises from the right-of-way, and on its side is a perfectly proportioned cross, cut deep into the strata. "Who could have done that?" I inquired. "The early French pion- eers, or rather one French missionary, a priest, did it," said the half-breed. "He tried to convert the Indians hereabouts to Christianity, over two hundred years ago. He had striven for weeks to con- vert them, but they were a wilful and superstitious lot, and defied him until he carved that cross. Then a catastrophe oc- curred, in which the missionary and most of the natives lost their lives, at least that's what I've heard from the very old people. The early inhabitants of this point, where the West Branch and the Sinnemahoning come together, were an independent tribe; they claimed allegiance to none of the sur- rounding Indians, and by victorious wars proved their right to self government. They 160 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories were lighter colored than Indians generally, and some of them had grey or bluish eyes. "They claimed descent from European sailors who had come to the American conti- nent a thousand years ago. In this they were probably incorrect, as their religion had nothing in it that savored of the old world beliefs ancient or modern. They had a multitude of divinities and were always add- ing new ones to the list; also discarding older ones who failed to answer their pray- ers. A religious revival had taken place among them shortly before the coming of the French missionary. "Several of the leading warriors while on their way to a buffalo hunt on what we now call the 'barrens' saw to their amazement a most beautiful young woman, wading in the river at the mouth of Trout Run. She wore a flowing cloak made from the spotty hides of fawns and trimmed with gauzy draperies as fine as spider webs. The morning sun shining on her hair, gave out a glint of rich gold, and the same tint was very noticeable in the lustrous dark eyes. The Indians for- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 161 got the chase and started to follow her, but she always kept far enough ahead so that they could not catch up to her. Her way led up the run, and every now and then when she passed through an opening made by a windfall, the sun would gild and glisten on her beautiful hair and eyes. As one man, they called her 'Golden Glow,' and, completely fascinated, followed her to the creek's head- waters. There she disappeared, but they found themselves in the midst of the largest herd of buffaloes they had ever seen. There were thousands of the animals bellowing and running about among the tall trees. Inter- spersed with them were considerable num- bers of moose and elks, while deer were too plentiful to be worth noticing. "Every Indian in the party had been to this hunting ground previously, but never had game shown itself there in such abund- ance. The brutes seemed anxious to be slaughtered, so the hunters turned in and killed them by the hundreds. They were weeks in gathering together the hides and drying the choicest meats, and built heavy 162 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories sleds to draw them down the mountain at the next snowfall. Before they departed there was an unusually early snow, and they got all their sleds into the valley without an accident. "When they met their tribesmen they started to tell of their wonderful fortune, but . their friends were so anxious to tell of the strangely beautiful maiden they had seen in the river and how the fishing and hunting had been better than they had ever heard of it that they refused to listen. To emphasize the good fortune, a tribe of Indians who had been at warfare with them for some years, came and voluntarily surrendered, giving themselves into servitude. "Before anything of a favorable nature would occur 'Golden Glow' was always seen in the river or on a steep hillside, or resting under a beech tree near the council house. She never answered when they spoke to her ; she disdained gifts they offered her, and no one could get within a hundred yards of where she stood. The older gods having been far less generous, were discarded root Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 163 and branch, and the worship of 'Golden Glow' substituted. "She was so beautiful that all the young braves aspired to the priesthood, a calling that had in the old days been decidedly un- popular. The handsomest braves, after much rivalry, were selected, and practiced their rites with dignity and reverence, but the mysterious divinity did not deign to notice any of them, although she often appeared to them when at prayer or chanting hymns in her praise. "She was the most accommodating divinity imaginable, for she always seemed to answer their supplications, and could be actually seen, even if her face did not betray any emotions at the homage paid her. When Father Ernest Laborde appeared at the confluence of the two rivers he met with the first serious obstacle that had confronted him in a career of over ten years in the wild- erness. "Here was a tribe of Indians entirely sat- isfied with their religion, having a tangible divinity who was beautiful to look at, and 164 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories who invariably favored their supplications. Of course he disbelieved that anyone had ever really seen her, for he had prayed as fervently as any, and knew others even more devout, yet none had ever heard so much as the rustle of an angel's wing. Gently, though firmly, he tried to persuade the Redskins that they only saw their divinity with eyes of faith, that not being material they had never actually seen her, in the sense that we see a rock, a tree, or a bird. "Every member of the community, old enough to reason had seen her, and no amount of argument could convince them otherwise. If this Christian faith possessed divinities that would come and live in their midst and grant such bountiful favors, they might listen, but let Father Laborde first ad- duce some of his proofs. The good priest had brought a delicately carved cross of rose- wood, and one calm evening, feeling so dis- couraged, that he was on the point of leaving, he built a stout foundation of stones and mud and set the cross on it. He was only thirty yars of age, well proportioned and at- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 165 tractive looking, and failure rested heavily on his impetuous soul. "From a worldly standpoint the conver- sion of these masterful Indians at the 'meet- ing of the waters' meant much to him. If they were converted the French trading com- pany had planned to erect a formidable block- house in the neighborhood, and he had been promised the largest parsonage in New France if he succeeded. While meditating before the cross, his mind wandered to the beauties of nature around him. The river ripuJed at his feet, gilded here and there by the glint of the dying sun as its slanting rays poured through the vistas of tall pines, hem- locks and beeches. All manner of wild flow- ers were in profusion, and even a few frail blossoms like women's eyes lingered among the shining leaves of the laurels. The moss was like a velvet carpet under his feet, the sky was like a fresco at Versailles. "Occasionally he heard the rattle-like cries of the kingfishers or halcyons as they darted close to the water, or the somnolent croaks of the ravens flapping lazily back to roost 166 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories high up in the mountains. His eyes finally rested on a pool of dead water, where night herons were congregated in unusual numbers. "From the way they flapped their striped wings and opened and shut their large beaks, he felt something was to happen. He forgot all about his task, so intently was he watch- ing the comic antics of the birds. He felt a breath blow in his face and as he looked around his cross tumbled out of its founda- tion, and lay broken on the rocks. Back of him stood the slender figure of a young girl, clad in a flowing gown made from the hide of a fawn, with the golden rays of the dying sun gilding into rich tints her lustrous hair and thoughtful eyes. For an instant he pre- sumed her to be one of the Indian girls, but from her attire and queenly grace his heart told him she was the river divinity 'Golden Glow,' who had brought such blessings to the savage community where the waters joined. "Their eyes met, they both smiled, it seemed as if they had surely been acquainted before. He would have spoken, but she walked by him and the great flock of herons Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 167 hopped up and surrounded her. With her feathered companions she disappeared among the laurels back of the pool. When she was gone he looked at the fallen cross, it was broken into twenty-four pieces, and was be- yond repair. It was growing dark, so he returned to his tent, where his sleep was filled with dreams of the divine 'Golden Glow.' "In the morning he cut several ironwood poles and fashioned a new cross much stronger than the delicate piece of rosewood that had been so easily shattered. That after- noon he put it in place where the other had stood. Nature was just as entrancing as the day before, and despite himself he fell to admiring the wonders about him. A troop of deer, many of them with half -grown fawns, were splashing idly on the edges of the pool. He felt a breath, like a zephyr blown across meadows from cool woodlands, he looked around, the ironwood cross fell to the ground, and was hopelessly smashed. "The beautiful young girl was standing pensively by the stream ; their eyes met, they 168 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories smiled as if in recognition of old acquaint- ance; she moved on and was surrounded by the deer and passed into the forest with them. He looked at his cross, it was broken into twenty-five pieces; this sturdy iron wood was as shaky as rosewood. That night he dreamed even more of the river goddess, but in the morning he took two gun barrels and welded a cross that he was sure would last. "Towards evening he planted it in an extra strong foundation, and fell to meditating be- fore it. His eyes wandered to the edge of the pool where a long, tawney panther, was stretching itself and yawning. He was not afraid of anything, and the sight at close range of this titanic beast fascinated him. Soon a second panther, larger than the first, peered through the laurels, and cat-like be- gan to lap up water in the pool. "In a few minutes he heard a slight scratching and cracking of dead branches, and a third panther crawled down from one of the tallest white pines. A fourth, the larg- est of all, rose up from behind a rotten log along the bank, and before long the number Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 169 of this savage coterie had grown to twelve. Later six cubs joined them, and frisked in the presence of their sedate elders. He felt the same sweet breath blown beside his face, the cross toppled over and lay broken into dozens of pieces on the sharp rocks. His eyes rested on the mysterious divinity. She looked more beautiful this evening than previously, if such a thing were possible. Their glances were followed by smiles and, to his amaze- ment, he saw her lips move, and she spoke to him in the Indian tongue : 'My religion is liv- ing and real; come, leave those crosses and follow me into the forest.' "He started to follow her, and was within a few steps of where she stood encircled by the panther families, when the force of old traditions, old customs, old beliefs, overcame him. He stopped short, and the beautiful divinity 'Golden Glow,' with her strange es- cort, was gone in the gloom of the forest. He returned to his tent, and all night the ques- tion agitated him, should he go with her, that is if she ever appeared to him again, should 170 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories he give up the beliefs of his fathers and adopt this apparently potent faith. "Then he would weaken and think of his brothers and sisters at home, their respect- able name, the rewards that his nation promised if he Christianized unwilling sav- ages. He saw himself an archbishop, the friend of kings, in a marble palace; his as- cetic training had neutralized the value of merely a beautiful companion in the wilder- ness. As the dawn filtered in through the crevices in the tent, a new idea seized him. He would cut a cross in the rock which the mystic goddess could not blow over, and struck by the impregnable strength of his faith, he would convert her, and maybe she would be the greatest woman in Catholicism since St. Genevieve. "With a hammer and spike he repaired to the quiet nook where his crosses had been, and in the huge rock which rose above the bank he chiseled a cross of noticeable size. Then he fell to meditating, as was his wont. On the opposite side of the pool a solitary wolverene was lying on the rotting log; he Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 171 could not help watching it, with its wide- open, unwinking eyes, so crafty and yet so still. He felt a breath of indescribable sweet- ness blow past his face, the cross on the rock remained inviolate. "He thought he heard a sigh like a breeze among birch leaves ; he looked, and the divin- ity, 'Golden Glow' stood beside him. He felt her blow her breath again. He fancied he saw tears in her eyes, which grew larger and larger. They assumed the proportions of a vapor, snd soon she was lost to sight in a white fog which filled the entire vicinity. He called to her, but not even an echo answered. "With difficulty he started to find his way back to his camp, but the air became so thick that it seemed as if the forests were on fire. True enough, they were, for great tongues of red and purple flames shot out of the tim- ber on both sides of the river. He heard a snarling at his feet, and dimly made out the form of the solitary wolverene. When he reached his tent the flames had surrounded the whole Indian encampment, and the terri- fied Red Men, with their families, were 172 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories crowding into canoes and starting down the stream. "His first thought was self-preservation, but as he started to get in his boat, the wolv- erene sprang at him viciously. Unarmed, he tried to tear the animal off with his powerful hands, but he was losing time, while the flames were drawing closer. As he finally shook loose from his tormentor, a horrible form rushed at him from the blazing under- brush. It was Wheel of Rivers, titular chief of the local Indians. His naturally calm face was contorted with passion and hate. " 'You with your new religion, have de- stroyed the river goddess. We know you have, for we never had a forest fire while she was with us ;' with that he struck Father Laborde to earth with his war club, and leaped into the empty canoe. The flames were now darting across the river, and it was too late to escape. Wheel of Rivers drifted stoically into the fiery curtain and was never seen again. Most of his tribe met similar fates, but a few who got away earlier, floated down the river to places of safety. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 173 "But the young priest's mission had been accomplished in a way; when the French built their fort at Grande Point, some years later, their most dangerous foes were no more, but thousands of acres of burned waste showed the area of their domain. The cross on the rocks, blackened a little by the fierce flames, remained inviolate, a symbol of the faith and people who were soon to make the region a white man's stronghold. The river goddess never reappeared, her fair soul had faded into nothingness with the disappoint- ment of her fiery baptism. XII. THE FATE OF GEORGIE DUPRE HE Bald Eagle Mountain be- low Pine Station, Clinton county, is high and steep, and one would imagine that on reaching the summit a similar declivity would be met with on the other side. But it only slopes down for a comparatively short dis- tance until it broadens out into a stretch of flat upland, which in turn gradually rises into another mountain almost as high as the Bald Eagle. This "bowl" between the two ridges is called the "Little Valley," because it is so much smaller than the valley of the Susque- hanna, or even Nippenose Valley. But it is more of a plateau than a valley, although the early settlers who named it preferred titles to be simple, rather than geographically cor- rect. 174 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 175 Despite its isolated position, settlement of the Little Valley was made almost as early as the West Branch, the first houses having been constructed probably in 1769. The pioneers were Balzer Minnich and his wife, formerly Georgie Dupre. She had been previ- ously married to one Bernon Dupre, who dis- appeared eight years before in the forests near Picture Rocks. In the interval she had been in many adventures with the Indians, which she seemed to enjoy, as she urged her husband to leave a fine farm in what is now Franklin county, to try frontier life again in Central Pennsylvania. They left their seven-year-old son with Minnich's uncle, the celebrated Frederick Stump. Besides the Minnichs, the other settlers in the Little Valley were Leopold and Gaspard Huyett, two young men from Berks county, and cousins to the adventurous Georgie. Minnich had objected to return- ing to the wilderness, but he was a dull Ger- man, and was so devoted to his attractive wife, that he finally consented. 176 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories When the party reached the Little Valley they were agreeably surprised; the water was good, the soil rich, a particularly fine quality of yellow pine suitable for building abounded; it was used in the construction of gun-boats in the Civil War nearly a hun- dred years later. It was the watering place for herds of elk, deer and buffaloes, which had been driven from their former winter quarters in the other valleys, by the advent of so many white settlers. There was an- other reason why they liked the Little Valley. The Indians had made it an "open ground," that is to say, the tribes in Sugar and Nippe- nose Valleys agreed to only approach its southern, and the West Branch Indians re- solved to come only to its northern limits, as the result of a great peace treaty between the warring tribes 15 years before. Both factions agreed on instant death to any Red Man found crossing the "dead lines." White Men might have boundaries of imagin- ary width, but the Indians required them a mile wide, so that no one could be tempted to renew hostilities by shooting at his old-time Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 177 enemies across an invisible demarkation. All went happily with the four settlers, and by September of the year of their arrival had made a respectable sized clearing. The two houses were set on solid foundations, as Leo- pold Huyett was a stone mason by trade. They killed enough elk and buffaloes to have kept them supplied with dried meat for years, and sold several hundred buffalo hides to a Scotch-Irish trader established near the present site of Jersey Shore. Provided with money and all the necessi- ties of life, they looked forward to a winter of ease. The Huyett brothers contemplated a trip to Berks county in search of French wives, for these Huguenots were very clan- nish, and seldom married outside their own race. On one of those sultry, overcast after- noons so characteristic of the early part of September, the Minnichs and Huyetts were sitting on comfortable benches in front of their cabins, all, including Georgie, smoking their pipes. Occasionally a yellow-leaf would flutter down from a birch tree, or a belated scarlet butterfly flit past, but nature 178 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories seemed to be in an introspective mood before taking on herself the gorgeous habilaments of autumn. It was like a religious person's last prayer before the carnival. Georgie's eyes happened to glance up- wards in the direction of the North- ern mountain, and on the summit she detected something red moving about among the giant pines. She leaned over to her hus- band and whispered to him, and he looked in the same direction. He pointed out the ob- jects to the Huyetts, and then all spoke out in low voices: "Those are Indians." They did not wish to appear alarmed, so continued lolling on the benches smoking. Afternoon softened into dusk, and Georgie laid aside her pipe and began to prepare sup- per; night fell, but no sound of the Indians came to their ears. Leopold Huyett was left on guard at the door as a precaution, but he must have fallen asleep, as the wily Indians crept upon him so easily and cut his throat and scalped him. They pushed in the door, and were upon the three sleepers before they could seize their weapons. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 179 In the darkness Minnich and Gaspard were stabbed and scalped while Georgie was throttled and carried off a captive. She must have been almost strangled, for she did not "come to" for a number of hours. When she did, she saw she was being carried up a run, which she recognized as the McElhattan, having visited the pioneer Simeon Shaffer and family who lived on its banks but a week before. It was no use to cry out, as that meant death, and ignorant of what really occurred, she was hoping that in the excite- ment her husband had made his escape. The captors approached the high water fall near the headwaters of the main run, at the foot of which the Indians had cleared a space of about 50 acres. A strong circular stockade had been built over the top of the falls, which gave the Red Men an excellent view down the stream. Back of it, where the ground was level they had cleared and burnt off probably a hundred acres, so they were well intrenched against sudden attack. But building a stockade was a step back- ward in Indian warfare ; whenever they imi- 180 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories tated the white men they were defeated. It was only when they fought from behind trees and ambushed their foes, that they could be counted as equal adversaries. The captors, bearing Georgie, climbed up a steep path at the right side of the falls, and at the landing were met by Chief Ho-non- wah himself. He smiled grimly when he saw the pretty white girl, and pointed to a room in the blockhouse where she should be placed for safe keeping. One of his henchmen un- barred the heavy oaken door, and Georgie was borne inside and seated with her back leaning against the wall. Her hands and feet were tied, but she was glad to be out of the clutches of the burly savages. They went out, slammed and barred the door, leaving her in the darkness. After her eyes had gotten used to the gloom she noticed a crack in the log wall, which let in a little light. It helped her to see that another bound captive was in prison with her. He was a large heavy-set man, but she could not judge his appearance, as Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 181 he had a ten-days' growth of beard, and his eyes were closed, being fast asleep. After an hour he woke, rubbed his eyes, uttering a suppressed cry in French as he did so. Her fellow-captive was none other than her former husband, Bernon Dupre. Georgie was equally surprised, but not agreeably. She knew that Bernon had several scores to settle with her, and she loved her present spouse, Balzer Minnich, very much. She pretended not to notice him, but the Frenchman talked so loud that she had to answer for fear of attracting the attention of the Indians outside. The diminishment of the streak of light in the crack in the wall told the prisoners that day was waning. When it became totally dark Bernon rolled himself over close to where she sat, whisper- ing to her that he intended to free himself in a few minutes, and would take her along if she would go with him as his wife. He said he had heard long ago that she was alive and happy and nothing could be better than she bestow some of this happiness on him, her rightful husband. Georgie shook her 182 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories head, bobbing about her masses of naturally curling black hair. Further than that she would take no notice of him. Bernon made a long entreaty, but as women are never given to pitying men they hate, his eloquence was wasted. Tiring at length, the Frenchman began to put into effect his plan for freedom. There was a sharp stone imbedded in the ground, and he laid his entire weight on it, using it as a saw to cut off the leathern bands which held him. It was a slow process, but in two hours he was loose. He came over to Georgie again, begging her to go away with him. She turned her pretty head away in con- tempt. The prisoner lost his temper, grabbed her by the hair and slapped her face until she lapsed into insensibility. Then he un- tied her ropes, and stood her on her feet against the wall. He moved cautiously to the door, armed with the heavy rock pried from the floor. Desperate to the point of demoniac strength, he threw his weight of two hun- dred pounds against it, which had to give Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 183 way. As he plunged through the opening, Georgie, in a semi-conscious state, toppled forward and fell on her face. The French- man used the rock to brain the sleepy Indian sentry, and got as far as the stockade wall, which he attempted to scale. With one leg over, another Indian watcher shot him in the back, and he fell, breaking his neck, and dy- ing instantly. A horde of furious Indians rushed to the prison, finding Georgie on her knees, mutter- ing to herself incoherently. Seeing that she was unbound, and thinking she had only held back through fear, one of them rashly struck at her with his tomahawk, inflicting a horri- ble gash in her breast. In the midst of the uproar, Chief Ho-non- wah, wrapped in a red blanket, pushed his way to where Georgie was lying, with the blood from her gaping breast soaking into her thick black curls. He took her in his arms, and held his hand to close the wound. In her dying breath she told him she had not wanted to escape, that the other prisoner 184 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories had unbound her, and had tried to compel her to go. Evidently the great war chief believed her, for he held her tenderly, calling her his "little brave," until her naturally white face grew green with death. He laid her on his blanket with her dainty white hands folded, and loudly called for revenge on her slayer. The other Indians, to save their own necks, indicated the rattle-headed murderer, so he was seized by the giant Ho-non-wah, who first cut out his tongue, and then severed his windpipe. But the poor Georgie must have had some regrets at dying in the arms of an Indian chief, after detesting the entire race for so many years. XIII. BILLY ANDERSON'S GHOST FELT considerably relieved on hearing that the forest fires last spring had swept across the late Billy Ander- son's clearing back of Mc- Elhattan Mountain, and completely obliterated his deserted mansion, for I knew that then his unquiet spirit would be at rest. "Billy Anderson's Ghost" was a familiar figure at sundown, wandering about his briar grown, brushy gardens, and quickening his step when the sound of horses' hoofs ap- proached, either from the direction of Pine Station or from Sugar Valley. It would stride out to the garden gate, and wait until the carriage came into full view, then sigh, and turn its back and walk away with un- steady step until lost among the briars and 185 186 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories brambles and twisted cherry trees at the far side of the garden. An impressive apparation was Billy And- erson's ghost, dressed as it was in a heavy black broadcloth suit, cut after the fashion of 1850, wearing a wide brimmed black slouch hat, and carrying a massive gold- headed cane. The pale face was almost hidden in the bushy growth of white beard. During his long life (he was over eighty when he died) old Billy was known as a well- dressed man, that is from mountaineer standards, and for the greater part of his days he always quit work in plenty of time before sundown to wash carefully and garb himself in his suit of heavy black broad- cloth. Then he would wander in his garden, pricking up his ears at the sound of a carri- age, and watching for its approach along the narrow mountain road. He never paid any attention to a prop- timber wagon or paper-wood truck, his ears were so attuned to the different sounds of the horses' hoofs and the rumble of wheels. But he was always on the lookout for sur- Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 187 ries, buggies and carryalls. These crossed the mountain infrequently, especially at sundown, except during the camp meeting time at Pine or Booneville. After his death his unsatis- fied spirit displayed the same discernment in vehicles, only to a still finer degree, never noticing the approach of the same turnout a second time. The peculiar patter of each individual hoof, the rattle of each set of wheels, and the squeak of each pair of springs seemed indelibly printed in his ghostly mind. When he was alive, and the same rule was maintained by his spirit, he never came out on stormy evenings. Of course if a late wind blew back the clouds after a shower and disclosed the pale gold afterglow, or if a single flare of cerise along the mountain top betokened the last effort of the sun to assert itself at the close of a lowery day, he ap- peared, but on nights when there was rain, or snow, or sleet, all was dark about the weather-beaten mansion. Despite the fact that it had been empty for over ten years, the old house retained its 188 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories signs of solidity and completeness, that made it noted as the most pretentious structure on the mountain when it was built, over sixty years ago. It was the first house on the mountain to have a central hall, discarding the old custom of two separate front en- trances side by side which led into the living rooms which were joined by doors within. Built of the best white pine and white oak lumber, of a quality almost impossible to obtain these days, it would have stood for centuries had not the fire effaced it in its uncheckable course. Most every stranger who passed by the mansion wondered why anyone would invest so much money in such a lonely region. Some few called it "Ander- son's Folly' at the time it was built, but its impressive outlines, standing half hidden in a vast orchard of old apple trees, its panoramic background of evergreen-clad mountains ex- cited awe rather than ridicule in those who saw it. Few were aware that it was a love story which caused the construction of the house, and the clearing of so much land, and the Pennsylvania Mountain Stories planting of so many hundreds of fruit trees. When Billy was twenty-one he came into a "fortune" of five thousand dollars left him by an uncle for whom he was named. This uncle had been a merchant in Philadelphia, and Billy was the apple of his eye. The young man's two older brothers were not mentioned in the will, and they confided to their father, a very prosperous farmer at Dunnsburg, that it was discouraging to see one of the family possessing more money than the others. The father to appease them promised to leave all his property to the older boys ; to this the "heir" acquiesced, and peace reigned in the family. Billy had become quite a noted horseman through his ownership of a colt called Sea Turtle, which had an un- beaten record in Central Pennsylvania. He raised the animal himself, the sire being an imported English thoroughbred owned in Jersey Shore, which was said to have won the great Derby stakes in Epsom. One Fourth of July there was a patriotic celebration at Jersey Shore, probably accel- erated by the recent victories in the war with 190 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories Mexico, and a championship horse race was included on the program. Horses represent- ing Williamsport, Sunbury, and Shamokin were entered to race against the up-river champion Sea Turtle. The race was twelve miles, from the town building to the "half-way house," six miles distant, and return. It was "go as you please," but most of the jockeys kept their mounts at a trot. Sea Turtle ridden by a small colored boy named Smiles won by half a mile, and his right to the championship was established. Billy's family being very religious felt keenly the notoriety brought on them by the young man's interest in horse-racing, and begged him to give it up and settle down to farming like his brothers. After many discussions he gave in and bought from his father the three hundred acre tract of land back of the lower mountain at McElhattan. It was a wilderness in those days, but Billy put up a small log cabin and set to work to make it "blossom like the rose." Having capital he was able to make better Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 191 Drogress than his neighbors on the moun- tain, and after six years of conscientious ef- fort he had a nice farm cleared and fenced, hundreds of fruit trees started, commodious farm buidings and a good line of live stock. He had never thought much about getting married, but when his family saw his pros- perous looking estate, they began to urge him to find himself a wife. This was a dangerous proceeding, as it often results in the staid single man marry- ing an uncongenial person just to settle the matter, or else his long-pent-up emotions are apt to suffer to the utmost if the object of his sudden adoration fails to reciprocate. Early one winter, after farm work was fin- ished, he yielded to an invitation from one of his aunts to visit her in the Lykens Valley, where she had a large farm on the banks of the Wicanisco Creek. It was a comfortable place, a square stone house with a red roof, an enormous bank barn, and two hundred acres of rolling mea- dows, here and there interspersed with groves of stately oak and walnut trees. 192 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories There was good society in the neighborhood, and Billy, despite the fact he was nearing thirty and had seen nothing but hard work for the past six years, soon began acting as gay as any of the boys of twenty. Most of the entertainments were in some way con- nected with the churches with which the valley teemed, and to the present generation might seem far from exciting. Still, to the young man from McElhattan mountain, it was like a true taste of the "big world." The Presbyterians were giving a church supper or sociable one evening in January. It took place in the Sunday school room, a vast high-ceilinged, high-windowed, long-shuttered apartment back of the main edifice. Trestles with boards across were the improvised tables, and pews had been dragged in to seat the guests. Billy escorted his aunt and two of his girl cousins to the affair, and as they entered the lamp-lit room all eyes were turned upon the young stranger. The valley was still far enough off the beaten path to make the advent of anyone Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 193 from a distance a novelty, especially a per- son on pleasure bent, as most visitors came to trade horses, buy cattle, sell jewelry, or preach a new gospel. Billy felt embarrassed and did not lift his eyes as he passed along the tables, and took a vacant seat by the side of his relatives. He remained silent, and downcast for several minutes, until his aunt caught him by the coat sleeve to remind him that one of the waitresses was standing by patiently to take his order for supper and whispered to him that his cousins were very hungry. He looked up at the pretty black-eyed waitress, who recited the list of refreshments, and he ordered everything like a true "lavish stranger." He was about to drop his eyes again, but instead glanced across the table, -and his love story had begun. There sat di- rectly opposite him he often thought in the future how queer it was he hadn't noticed her sooner a beautiful blonde girl attired in a red silk dress. Accustomed as he was to the sombre dark eyes and pale faces of the girls in the moun- 194 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories tains, with their dull calicos and worsteds, the dazzling loveliness of this young beauty, with her gray-blue eyes, rosy complexion, profusion of golden hair, and that marvel- lous red dress, seemed entirely different and superior. He looked at her so intently his aunt sought to save embarrassment by speak- ing to the lovely girl, whom she seemed to know well. She introduced Billy to her, saying "Bonnie, this is my nephew, Mr. William Anderson from Clinton county, about whom we talk so much; he is here on a visit; you must help make his stay pleasant." Bonnie replied that she was only too glad to do all she could, and hoped that his cousins would bring him over to her home soon to spend an evening. The balance of the time at the supper passed off famously, and the young blonde and her mother, and Billy and his relatives were the last to leave the table. The young couple parted on the most cordial terms, and Billy was all smiles the entire dis- tance home. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 195 "But I forgot to ask her last name, I was so excited," he said to his aunt after they had gotten into the carriage. "Why her name's Bonnie Orwig," she answered; "she lives at that fine farm just before you come to Elizabethville ; her father is the most successful farmer in the valley; her mother was a McCamant, one of the old- est families in this county. She's only eigh- teen years old, but she graduated last year at the head of her class from the Locust Hill Seminary at Chambersburg." "And she seemed to fancy you a lot," chimed in one of the cousins. In this happy frame of mind, he always called it the happiest night of life, Billy re- tired. In the morning he was the first down- stairs, and all day long blushed and smiled whenever the name of Bonnie Orwig was mentioned. A couple of days passed before the prom- ised visit to the Orwig home materialized; it seemed like an age to the young man, even though the anticipation kept him keyed up to a high pitch of joyfulness. There was a new 196 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories moon, and the air was crisp and frosty, when 'Billy and the girls emerged from the com- fortable mansion and started in the sleigh to make the call. He looked over his left shoulder, and made his wish; everything boded well for the future on such a clear, in- vigorating night. Bonnie was in the cheery sitting room when they arrived, looking dainty and charming in a white satin dress and greeted them most cordially. After fifteen minutes of general talk the cousins withdrew and went upstairs to see Bonnie's mother, so the young lover was left alone with the beautiful being. When the girls returned, and it was time to leave, things had progressed very favor- ably. That Billy was in earnest was shown when he refused to discuss the question further than that he was "making satisfac- tory progress. At the end of three weeks the young couple announced their betrothal, and both seemed very much in love. Billy outlined his plans for the future to his beloved, and she was deeply interested in everything he told her. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 197 He would return to Clinton county, and build a suitable house, modeled after her own home, and when it was finished she could come there with her father and see it; her father, she had once said, took a trip up country every June to inspect some timber- land he owned in the Seven Mountains, and he would travel down with them and then they would be married. All this seemed ideal, and sort of assuaged his grief at the parting. When he got back to the farm he set to work with redoubled energy, and by the time the frost was out of the ground, had in readiness all the masonry for the foundation and lumber for the con- struction of the new mansion. The thought of a woman is the force that arouses the best energy in man ; it makes the artist create immortal paintings, the jockey ride to victory, and the raftsman steer safely through perilous currents. With Billy And- erson it caused the construction of a garden spot in a wilderness. By the first of June the outside of the' house was completed, and painted, some of the rooms even had been 198 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories plastered. Flowers were planted in the front yard, and gravelled walks laid to all corners of the garden, the yard and garden being en- closed by neat whitewashed picket fences. A continuous correspondence had been go- ing on between the young couple, and Billy delighted telling his sweetheart every detail of the progress of construction and improve- ment. In mid-June a letter came from Bonnie saying she would arrive with her father "about sundown next Wednesday," which was five days from the date of the letter. They would drive all the way from her home behind her father's new pair of road horses. Billy was overjoyed, and on the appointed date, just at the last moments of the Golden Hour, when the afternoon sun was beginning to set behind the western mountains, he emerged from the mansion, clad in a brand new suit of broadcloth, and carrying the goldheaded cane Bonnie had given him as a keepsake when he had fitted the betrothal ring on her finger the day he left the Lykens Valley. Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 199 Sunset came with all its indescribable glories, its tints deepened, shadows fell, dusk crept into the fence corners and patches of timber. The whippoorwill began its plain- tive melody in the hollow. Billy waited all the while by the gate, but not a sound could he hear of an approaching vehicle. After the last streaks of light had disap- peared from the sky, and darkness prevailed, he turned disappointedly and spent a couple of hours wandering in the young orchard at the back of the house. He hoped he would get a letter the next day, but his hired man returned from the postoffice empty handed. He dressed himself that afternoon, and waited at the gate until dark. This he continued to do for several weeks. Sometimes he would be thrilled to hear the sound of hoofbeats and the creaking of wheels on the stony uneven road. He would quietly open the gate and step outside until it came into sight, then he would turn away wistfully and sadly. One evening while he stood by the gate a carryall drew up, containing his nearest 200 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories neighbor, Amos De Vow, who handed him a letter addressed in a trembling hand. He thanked the neighbor and strolled to the back of the yard to read it, as if some instinct told him it contained bad news, and he must be alone to receive it. The letter was from Bonnie Orwig's mother, and told how she had eloped with Jacob Braunfels, a young drover whom she had met but twice, the night before she was to start on her visit to her fiance. She had written home from Philadelphia asking to be forgiven, adding that her mother should no- tify Billy of her act. The reasons she gave were "Jacob is younger and gayer ; the more I thought of Billy, the firmer I became con- vinced he was too serious-minded to make me happy." It seemed an unsatisfactory reason, but the unhappy lover figured out that his years of toil back of McElhattan Mountain had probably crushed out most of the sunshine in his soul now the rest had gone. Next morning he was hard at work, and none of Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 201 the hands guessed anything had happened, though he rarely smiled again. Every clear afternoon, as if in the vain hope she would yet come to him, he would at- tire himself in his broadcloth suit, soft hat and carrying the gold-headed cane, take a walk around the gardens, admiring nature in all her beauties, and dreaming of past joys. Unconsciously he would pause and listen every time he heard the sound of an approch- ing carriage. He kept at work all through his long life, and but for his solitary stroll at sundown lived the life of the other men of the mountain. His housekeeper found him dead in bed clasping to his heart a faded daguerreotype, the portrait of a fair-haired girl. And then the released spirit took up the vigil until the forest fires "removed the ancient landmarks." XIV. THE DREAMER E could easily see that the new hand on the sawmill was not an ordinary sort of individual. Physically he was a great, broad-should- ered, sandy-haired man, vl J! M it and a match for the biggest 1 ir I r r I of the loggers or mill-men, and intellectually he seemed cast in an unusual mould. Gloomy and taci- turn, it was extremely difficult to become ac- quainted with him, and he seemed to be more at home with the lumbermen than with those on a level with him through education. A man like this is apt to have something to conceal, which made us all the more desir- ous to be friendly with him. At the back of the main framework of the mill someone had rolled a large hemlock log close to the struc- ture, and there he would sit by himself on the still summer evenings smoking a briar- 202 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 203 wood pipe. He was always meditative and still, even when the rest of the crew grew hilarious over their card or quoit games. For some reason or other, he was well- liked by all the men, despite the fact that he never took part in their sports, and his con- versation with them seemed infrequent. We inquired of one of the teamsters, who had worked in the woods all his life, if he knew where the new man, who called himself Bern- ard Carroll, had come from, and were sur- prised to have him say that Carroll and he had worked together on another lumber job in Nine Mile Hollow in Potter county, seven years before. He was, therefore, not a new- comer to the lumber woods, although the last man to hit the job at this particular camp. "He drinks a lot at times, and gets quarrel- some," said the old teamster, "and don't be surprised if he goes to Lock Haven some Sat- urday night and never comes back ; that's the kind he is. He has a love-scrape on his mind, and no man's worth a curse that has that eat- ing into him." 204 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories This quickened our interest in the big silent man, and several times we passed by where he was sitting on the log, and wished him a cheery "good evening," hoping to draw him into a conversation. He replied in a per- functory manner, and there was nothing to do but to pass on. On the evening before the Fourth of July we were driving across the railroad tracks at the Pennsylvania station, in Lock Haven, and noticed the big fellow waiting for the down train which was then over an hour late. We signalled to him, and he came up to the buggy, with such alacrity that we offered him a ride to camp. His mood evidently was dif- ferent, as he gladly accepted the invitation. The night was warm, and "Bonnie," the little black horse, pretty well fagged, conse- quently most of the distance was made at a walk. This gave us a splendid opportunity to become acquainted with the "man of mys- tery." We had recently had a love story our- selves, and the afterglow on the Bald Eagle Creek, the broad, well-tilled valley, and the Allegheny mountains beyond, brought back Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 205 the train of sentimental memories, and in- fused them into the conversation. Our talk had already become more or less intimate when the big fellow remarked sadly that this was the nineteenth anniversary of the one great disappointment of his life. "We ought to forget such things, but they grow keener and more alive with each passing year." "Really," he went on, "I botched up my life in wonderful style; it may be too late now, but I had not strength to shake off the sense of error at the time it occurred." "I was born in Baltimore," he continued to reminisce, "forty-two years ago last May, and for the last twenty years have been knocking about doing most everything, mostly trying to forget. I always was im- pulsive, and from the first my impulses were wrong, and led me through a zig-zag, unsat- isfactory course. My father sent me to the University of Pennsylvania, where I joined the best fraternity, and was soon the centre of a gay crowd who had plenty of money to spend. In those days I used to look down at 206 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories the class of people who are my only associates now. I well recall one autumn afternoon 1 heard shots fired near my father's country house on the Eastern Shore, and how I hur- ried down the lawn in time to find two lads, they had been in the class below me in college, shooting rabbits in one of our fields. As they did not belong to a 'swell' fraternity, I did not think much of them, and I drove them off the estate, using some pretty harsh language. They were better gentlemen than I, as I look back now, for they never answered me but walked quietly away. Now I recall their pleas- ant faces, what clean looking boys they were, and wish I could meet them and tell them how sorry I am for my conduct. "My college days were cut short by an attack of pneumonia following a prolonged debauch, and I almost died. I emerged in a penitent condition, and being the son of good Catholics, conceived the idea of becoming a priest. All my old college friends were sur- prised, but my mother said she had always felt in secret that this was to be my vocation. I was enrolled as a student in a seminary that Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 207 fall, and for several months made amazing progress. My instructors were delighted, es- pecially since I came from one of the most distinguished families in the state, and one old priest patted me on the shoulder and pre- dicted I would some day receive the Red Hat. I had become very friendly with a fellow student named McCafferty, and went with him to his home in Western Pennsylvania. That was the turning point in my career, though I doubt if I would ever have become a priest. In the town where he lived I met one of my fraternity brothers from the Uni- versity, and spent more time with him than I did with the hospitable McCafferty. De- spite my black suit and high vest, that gave me a semi-priestly look, my University chum was determined I should meet some girls. At first I told him I had 'cut all that out,' but one afternoon, as we were driving through town, I saw a girl I did want to meet. She was standing on the corner, talking to another girl who was leading a child, and the kindly interest the girl I admired displayed toward the child touched my heart almost as much 208 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories as her blonde beauty. On one of my college vacations I had gone to Europe, and was joined in Paris by a friend who was secre- tary of one of our legations. In Berlin I was particularly taken by the fine collection of paintings by Watteau, and there was a figure of a blonde girl in the one called 'L' Amour au Theatre Italien' in the National Gallery, that won my heart completely. I said to my friend, If I ever see anyone who looks like that, I will marry her." "Well, the girl standing on the corner was the exact counterpart of Watteau 's blonde beauty. I am sure she was, for I had stood spellbound before the painting for hours, and now I was studying to become a priest. That night I changed my vest and was taken to call on the exquisite being. I was surprised to find her as intelligent as she was beautiful ; she was one of the very few women I have met who expressed original thoughts. Bangs were in style that year, and I will never for- get the cute little blonde bangs she wore. She was 'chic' from head to foot, and more like a Parisienne than a dweller in a provincial Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 209 western Pennsylvania town. We were to- gether for the remaining time I was in town, and I told her I loved her, and she said she loved me. "The night I returned to school I con- fessed to her I was studying for the priest- hood, but would drop my course so that I could marry her. She showed her discern- ment by saying she had guessed that the first time she saw me. After my return to the school we wrote each other every day. All went well for ten days, and then I got a letter from her saying that McCafferty's mother had told her mother that I was studying to be a priest, and that she had commanded her to have nothing further to do with me. She added that henceforth I should write her to the home of a friend, "The next day I received no letter nor the day following. Time passed on, several weeks elapsed and all was silence. I be- came alarmed and trumped up a lie that I must go home, and hurried to the Western Pennsylvania town; I met my fraternity mate and he learned for me that the beauti- 210 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories ful girl had gone away for a visit, but he could not learn where. There was nothing for me to do but to return to school, which I did, vowing to forget my disappointment in my clerical studies. But though I came out brilliantly in the mid-year examination, my heart was sad, and I chafed the bonds that were tightening themselves around my young life. "The climax came when my friend wrote that the girl had returned from her visit, I went to the principals of the school, and announced that after sober reflection, I had decided not to become a priest, therefore must leave the institution walls at once. They tried to persuade me, but it was no use. I got out and bought a suit of dark grey ma- terial and started again to try and consum- mate my romance. It was a fine morning in May as I climbed up the steep hill leading to her home. The robins and larks were singing, there was an odor of sweetness and life from the dandelions and fresh grass. "Boldly I rang the bell. I had a long wait, but it was rewarded by the door being opened Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 211 by the beautiful girl herself. On one of her fingers glistened a solitaire diamond ring, and I feared the worst had happened. We went in the parlor, and I at once explained that I had given up my studies, and, passing through the town, had decided to stop off and see her. It was not long before she told me that she had met a man while on her visit in January whom she liked very much, and having been urged by him and her parents that I was not sincere in my intentions to give up my studies, had become engaged. I felt like saying, 'You should have been will- ing to go through fire and water for the man you loved,' but I only smiled and didn't. "After a pleasant talk lasting several hours I said goodbye ; she followed me to the steps, and I had to struggle with myself not to ask her to break with her new lover and come with me. It was my fate that I should hold my tongue, and I watched the door close on the only woman I ever loved, or ever will, before I started heartbroken, down the hill. "At the bottom of the hill was a hotel, and then and there I started on a booze which 212 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories lasted a month. After it was over, I went home, but my parents did not relish my changed prospects, and I soon started on my checkered career once more. They still send me money when I write them, but we are practically strangers ; my only homes are the lumber camps and second-rate hotels. "Last night I had a dream which marks the climax of the part of my life I have been telling you. I went to Lock Haven with a view of celebrating the Fourth, but when I got to the first saloon I suddenly lost all my desire for strong drink; I ordered a ginger ale, instead. After supper I wandered around town, and sat until dark on a bench by the dam, watching the river and the sky. I went back to the hotel, but could not drink, and, to escape comments from some of the boys from the camp, went to bed. "I seemed to fall right away into gentle slumber, although my room was above the bar, where there was a terrible racket. As sleep deepened I felt myself transformed from the shaky, wooden bed, the summer night, and the narrow room with its one win^ Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 213 dow; I was in a comfortable upholstered easy chair by the side of an open grate, in a large, high-ceilinged room, with cases of books that reached from floor to ceiling. It was winter time, and there was no other light in the room except what came from the ruddy coal fire. "Twilight became dusk and the street lamps were lit as I sat and meditated. In- stead of my woodsman's or even clerical garb, I wore a neat dark gray suit ; I seemed a prosperous business man and house-holder. I heard a faint rustle, a sound essentially feminine, and upon looking lip beheld my lost love, attired all in white, coming through the door from an inner room. The fire had just ignited a fresh chunk of : canhel coal, and the glow shone full in her face. Her beauty was maturer and more developed, but I thought I had never seen her looking so lovely. " 'What are you doing here, all alone by the fireside?' she said laughingly. Thinking about you, as I always do,' I replied, natur- ally enough. She got down on her knees be- fore me and put her -beautiful arms around 214 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories my neck, and drawing me to her, kissed me on my mouth on the mustache which I wore in the dream. " 'We have been very happy together,' she whispered. 'You showed the grandest fore- sight and courage to take me away that morn- ing. I should never, never have been happy with that man to whom I was engaged. I thought I would never see you again, and was piqued because everyone was telling me how reprehensible it was for a man studying for the priesthood to have devoted himself to me.' " 'Yes,' I answered, 'fate decreed I should go after you ; I could not have been content to live without you.' "There were footsteps on the stairs and in the hall, and merry laughter such as can only come from very young folks. The door which was ajar, was opened, and three young people entered, two boys and a girl ; all were very tall, very slight, and very handsome. The boys were probably twenty and eighteen, the girl sixteen. Exact counterparts they were of their beautiful mother, especially the girl, Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 215 except that her hair was darker than that of their mother's and more the color of mine. The girl was the first to speak, saying gayly, 'Oh, papa and mamma, what are you doing there in the dark?' 'Repeating our love story, as we always do,' was my lost love's quick reply. The young folks grouped them- selves about us and started to tell of an en- tertainment out at the Univeristy, (the dream was evidently laid in Philadelphia), to which they intended going after supper. My heart thrilled with pride as I saw on the boys' vests the familiar blue and gold fra- ternity badge I had worn so long. They were expecting some young friends to go with them they said. "In the midst of our laughing and chatting, the electric bell at the front door began ring- ing, and the boys and the girl jumped up and ran out to greet their friends. The bell kept ringing and ringing ; it seemed very strange, and as this thought seized my consciousness, my surroundings changed rapidly. "Sunlight, the cracked plaster of the walls of a narrow room, a washstand, with the 216 Pennsylvania Mountain Stories varnish much faded by spilled water, a towsled carpet, all these took the place of the cozy fireside, the spacious library, my lost love and the dream children. The bell I heard ringing was in the next room, trying to rouse some sleepy guest to catch the 7.23 eastbound train. I was fully awake when, cursing, he pressed the button as the signal to the office that he was out of bed. "I was so intoxicated with the joy of my vision that I lay in bed until Elmer, the col- ored handy man whom I knew well, knocked violently on the door to remind me that I would miss my breakfast if I didn't get down soon. I put in the entire day on the bench by the river-bank overlooking the dam, try- ing to solve the problem of existence and the meaning of my dream. "By afternoon I resolved I would make one final effort to readjust my destiny, to put my career on an orbit, like other well regulated lives. I went to the railroad station to take 'Number Six' for McElhattan, where I would collect my belongings at the camp, planning to leave tomcxrrow morning for Tyrone to Pennsylvania Mountain Stories 217 make connections for the town where my lost love lived. Now I will take the 'midnight' for Harrisburg and change there for the West. I will see if I cannot get her to come with me. Perhaps, after twenty years, she is widowed, divorced or unhappily married. I believe that dream meant she would have given