Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/coloradocitiesplOOchicrich CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC RY. RUNS THROUGH CARS BETWEEN Chicago i^^'' Colorado Foot- Hill Cities. SOLID VESTIBULED TRAINS DINING CARS • CHAIR CARS FAST TIME TRAIN HEATED BY STEAM SLEEPERS LIGHTED BY GAS BUY TICKETS AT- Van Buren St. Depot, or 104 Clark St., Ghlcaoo Pullman Tourist Sleeper Through to San Francisco leaves Chicago via the Rock Island Route every Wednesday evening at 6.00 o'clock. E.ST. JOHN, W.I.ALLEN, JNO. SEBASTIAN, General Manxger. Ass't Gen'l Manager. Gen'l Ticket and Pass'r Agent. General Offices, Chicago. SCENIC AND SANITARY.^ 'or C0L0RAl5@i %%^ Cities and PLAC&sf'^- GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CASCADE, MANITOU, GREEN MOUNTAIN FALLS, DENVER, BUENA VISTA, COLORADO SPRINGS, PUEBLO, ESTES PARK IDAHO SPRINGS. PEAKS. PARKS, CANONS AND MOUNTAIN RESORTS. ILLUSTRATED AND BRIEFLY DESCRIBED FOR THE INFORMATION OF HEALTH AND PLEASURE SEEKERS WHO PROPOSE TO VISIT COLORADO DURING THE SUMMER AND FALL SEASONS OF I890. A COPY OF THIS PAMPHLET WILL BE SENT TO ANY APPLICANT ON RECEIPT OF FOUR CENTS IN STAMPS FOR POSTAGE. ADDRESS, JOHN SEBASTIAN, GENERAL TICKET AND PASSENGER AGENT, CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND AND PACIFIC RAILWAY, CHICAGO, ILL. TO THE TOURIST AND TRAVELING PUBLIC. For Tickets, Maps, Time Tables, Folders, Copies of the Western Trail (an illustrated paper, published monthly), or information in regard to Rates, Routes and Connec- tions, apply in person or by letter to any of the following representatives of the Ticket and Passenger Department of THE CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND R PACIFIC RAILWAY: S. F. BOYD, Assistant General Ticket and Passenger Agent, Topeka, Kan. G. L. RHODES, Assistant General Passenger Agent, Chicago, III. G. W. DUBACK, Chief Clerk, Chicago, III. A. B. FARNSWORTH, General Eastern Passenger Agent, 257 Broadway, New York City. D. J. FLYNN, Traveling Passenger Agent, 257 Broadway, New York City. W. J. LEAHY, Traveling Agent New York State, 40 Exchange Street, Buffalo, N. Y. E. W. THOMPSON, New England Passenger Agent, 296 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. E. E. MacLeod, Traveling Passenger Agent, 296 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. I. L. LOOMIS, Passenger Agent, Middle District, 111 South Ninth Street. Philadelphia, Pa. H. S. PHILPS, Traveling Passenger Agent for Ontario, Quebec and the Maritime Provinces, 154 St. James Street, Montreal, P. Q. M. P. WASHBURN, Northeastern Passenger Agent, corner Larned and Griswold Streets, Detroit, Mich. G. D. BACON, General Agent Passenger Department, 106 North Fourth Street, St. Louis, Mo., and Cham- ber of Commerce Building, Cincinnati, Ohio. H. P. MANTZ, Traveling Passenger Agent, Louisville, Ky. U. S. G. HOUGH, Traveling Passenger Agent, 106 North Fourth Street, St. Louis, Mo. F. D. LYON, City Passenger Agent, 106 North Fourth Street, St. Louis, Mo. GEORGE F. LEE, City Passenger Agent, 104 Clark Street, Chicago, III. JOSEPH A. SHEPPARD, Southeastern Passenger Agent, Chicago, III. T. J. CLARJC, Traveling Agent, Chicago, III. J. W. FRY, Northwestern Passenger Agent, Chicago, III. W. I. CHEEVER, Passenger Agent, Central District, Peoria, III. WM. RICKEY, Passenger Agent, Davenport, Iowa. J. L. DE BE VOISE, General Agent Passenger Department, 1305 Farnam Street, Omaha. Neb., and 507 Broadway, Council Bluffs, Iowa. K. E. PALMER, Traveling Agent, 1305 Farnam Street, Omaha, Neb. C. A. RUTHERFORD, City Passenger Agent, Lincoln, Neb. A. H. MOFFET, General Southwestern Passenger Agent, 532 Main Street, and 1042 Union Avenue, Kansas City, Mo. C. B. SLOAT, Traveling Passenger Agent for the Southwest, 532 Main Street, Kansas City, Mo. GEO. L. REPPERT, Traveling Passenger Agent, St. Joseph, Mo. T. J. ANDERSON, General Agent, City Office, Topeka, Kan. S. M. CHARLES, Traveling Passenger Agent, Topeka, Kan. W. H. FIRTH, General Agent, Passenger Department, 1664 Lawrence Street, Denver, Colo. CLINTON JONES, General Agent, 36 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, Cal. J. F. FUGAZI, Italian Passenger Agent, 5 Montgomery Avenue, San Francisco, Cal. F. W. THOMPSON, Traveling Passenger Agent, 138 South Spring Street, Los Angeles, Cal. CHAS. KENNEDY, General Agent, Rock Island and Albert Lea Routes. 83 First Street, Portland, Ore. ROB'T KEPPLER, Traveling Passenger Agent, 83 First Street, Portland, Ore. J. D. MARSTON, General Baggage Agent, Chicago, III. E. St. JOHN, W. I. ALLEN, JOHN SEBASTIAN, General Manager. Ass't Gen'l Manager. Gen'l Ticket and Pass'r Agent. / / lioiih '3' COLORADO CitlES AND PLACES. O V" Where to Go and How to Get There. "^'" WHEN the rigors of winter soften at the breath of spring, and the lengthening days begin to glow with heat as mid-summer approaches, the thought upper- most in the minds of a majority of people is " where to go " and " how to get there." The invalid eagerly scans the list of sanitary resorts which flaunt their allure- ments in every part of the world. The business man, worn and weary under an ever- accumulating load of anxieties and cares, suddenly realizes that a few weeks or months of healthful recreation are absolutely essential to the restoration of his mental and bodily vigor. The sportsman longs for the "forest primeval" that shelters noble game, or cool lakes and streams that flash with speckled trout. The artist turns with disgust from his smoke-be- grimed studio and points his pencils for open-air sketches of scenes that will impart fresh vitality and freedom to his tpuch and inspire his soul with loftier conceptions of the beauty and grandeur of nature. Even the Crcesus of the bank, and stock exchange, feels irre- sistibly drawn in the direction of some locality that will afford him the largest measure of return for the means he is willing to scatter with a lavish hand. Once a year, at least, men and women of every class and condition are forcibly reminded that the monotony of daily toil or the merciless exactions of fashionable and social life must be interrupted by a season of welcome rest, including a hygienic change of diet, water, soil and climate, under favoring circumstances and amid congenial surroundings, before the health and capacity for enjoyment are irretrievably wrecked. " Where to go " becomes then an inquiry of supreme importance. For successive scores of years, votaries of fashion in Eastern cities have flocked to Saratoga, or sought their "cottages by the sea" at Long Branch or Newport. But even this class of wealthy patrons have tired of the daily meretricious display of dress and equipage. In a listless, apathetic way they note the moving figures at the nightly reception and crowded ball- room. Attempts at gayety in the stifling atmosphere of a huge hotel are melancholy failures at best, while the glittering, barren dunes, and sombre quiescence of the sea become inexpressibly wearisome to the eye that can gaze upon nothing else. It is not surprising, then, that the movement of summer travel has within the past few years taken a most decided westerly direction, and that its chief objective has been that middle section of the continent fitly termed the " Switzerland of America." Where else can be found brighter sunshine, an atmosphere so dry, pure and exhilarating, peaks so lofty, canons so grand, torrents so tremendous, lakes so clear and placid, intra-mural grass- » ^1 /wi in J. I -i I' >i J 1/1 A 11 ; i; I COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. grown parks so vast, cascades so beautiful, cliffs so stupendous, landscapes so lovely, climate so genial, scenery so awe-inspiring and magnificent, and mineral springs (hot, cold and saline) so varied in kind,-so copious in volume and so efficacious in medicinal and tonic properties ? Such extraordinary inducements to invalids and visitors of every class are made doubly attractive by reason of their accessibility in luxuriously furnished railway carriages (involving no hazard to life or limb), and the very superior hotel, livery, fishing and other accommodations provided at all the noteworthy places of resort for the enter- tainment of guests — at prices incomparably more reasonable than are charged at fashionable Eastern spas. Another advantage is the splendid triune vestibule cities aligned at convenient distances north and south along the mountain range, which afford visitors an opportunity for a few days preliminary rest and a satisfactory arrangement of plans of departure for ulterior destinations. These cities are metropolitan in character and represent to an equal extent the civilization, enterprise, wealth, prosperity and refinement of the more populous centers of older States. Modern-built, superbly equipped railways radiate from them to any locality the traveler wishes to reach, and all depart from and arrive in commodious union depots. A journey in their trains up and through grand canons to higher altitudes in the heart of the Rockies, constitutes in itself a never-to-be-forgotten experience of astonishment and delight. " Where to go " is a question fully answered by the foregoing brief statement. Colorado, it is obvious (and this is being more generally acknowledged every year)^ possesses more attractions in infinitely greater variety and better suited to the wants of the many, from the invalid in humble- circumstances to the plutocrat with more money than he knows how to get rid of, than any other section of country on the face of the globe. It is a State whose resources of entertainment are not limited to any one favored spot. " No pent-up Saratoga contracts its powers." Instead of one, two, or a dozen, it has hundreds of places where the temporary sojourner and his family or friends can find more genuine comfort and healthful enjoyment than ever before dreamed of. " It is God's country ''par excellence, just what those who have lived there longest, claim it to be. Nor is it at all cramped for room. There are necessarily no crowded caravan- saries. Its vast area affords ample scope and opportunity for hundreds of thousands of people, although each and all sought a seclusion impregnable to unwelcome visitors, and would yet enjoy the benefits to be derived from its medicinal springs, its numberless natural game-preserves, its fishing facilities, its sublime scenery, and the open-air exercise and amusement it invites. For such and similar reasons it is therefore not at all strange that where a few years ago meagre scores and straggling handfulls of tourists (impelled more by curiosity than any other motive) made Colorado the Mecca of their summer saunterings; now thousands and tens of thousands go there as regularly as the year rolls around, with not only a clearly defined understanding of where they are going, but an unshakable conviction that whatever portion of the State they visit, it will be impossible that they can have anything else than a " good time." Having thus suggested, as we trust, a satisfactory answer to the question "where to go," the problem of " how to get there " from Chicago and points East is fully set forth on the third (inside) page of the cover of this pamphlet, to which we respectfully solicit the reader's attention. For his further information and that of his friends and the public, we present, in the briefest possible terms, a few leading facts of interest (with illustrations) relating to the principal cities of Colorado and some of its most noteworthy places of resort. COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. THE CAPITAL AND CHIEF METROPOLIS. Denver, with its population of 110,000 inhabitants, is the largest and wealthiest city in Colorado. Its altitude is 5,195 feet above sea level. The magnitude of its business operations, the prominent position it holds as a manufacturing centre, the many and varied industries it represents and the heavy aggregate of capital it controls, have given it a financial and commercial supremacy that is recognized by all interests and classes THE STATE CAPITOL" AT DENVER, A MAGNIFICENT PUBLIC EDIFICE. throughout the State. Occasional local jealousies come to inflammatory head here and there, and the spirit of competition among would-be rivals (a healthful incident of growth everywhere) finds vent now and then in rude raillery or good-natured abuse. But Denver has unquestionably gained a lead that cannot be overcome, and this is largely due to its railway facilities, which are increasing year by year to an extent corre- sponding to its growing needs. It now has seventeen railways, including trunk and COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. local lines. Among the former is The Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, whose policy, from the date of its completion, of moderate rates, efficient service and courteous attention to the wants of its patrons, has won to an unprecedented degree the favoring regard and loyal support of the people of Colorado. The agricultural development of Colorado, of which Denver is the chief market and shipping point, also constitutes an important aid and stimulus to its prosperity. Under a genial climate and scientific appliances of irrigation, the soil is so wonderfully productive that farming, it is thought, will in time take the place of mining, as the foremost industry of the State. The city of Denver is metropolitan in all its aspects. Its massive business blocks, its noble public edifices, its universities and splendid school structures, its admirable STREET SCENE— FOURTEENTH STREET, LOOKING WEST, IN THE CITY OF DENVER. hotels and elegant private residences, its superb Opera House, Court House, Capitol and scores of other noteworthy buildings are indicative of wealth, refinement, intelligence, good taste and good government. The mountain view it commands, extending from Long's Peak on the north to Pike's Peak on the south, is magnificent. It is a remark- ably healthful as well as beautiful city. Its drainage down a gradual natural slope into the swift waters of the Platte is thorough. Its sewerage is perfect. Its wide streets and avenues are shaded by trees, while living streams of pure water course down them on either side. Its lawns, and private as well as public grounds, are bright with the foliage of shrubs, ornamental plants, and flowers of variegated and vivid colors. Besides the Holly distribution of water from mountain sources through mains and pipes to every household, the broad and deep volume flowing through the Arapahoe Canal furnishes a profuse and inexhaustible supply for general watering purposes, while hundreds of arte- COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. sian wells, in every part of the city, spout forth copious streams of deliciously cool and palatable mineral water, possessing tonic and diuretic properties, whose benefits are not limited to the favored few, but in many instances are free for the use and enjoyment of all. The air is dry, pure and exhilarating, the sunlight constant and of vitalizing warmth — hardly ten days of cloudy weather the year round. Of course the city has all " the modern improvements " of gas, electric lights, parks, boulevards, street railways, a paid fire department, cable lines, and is also blessed with religious, educational and social advantages and privileges nowhere excelled. It is a charming city to visit and THE ELEGANT AND COMMODIOUS UNION RAILWAY STATION AT DENVER. spend a few weeks or months, and those who have once become residents are seldom if ever tempted to leave for another locality, no matter how lavish or powerful the induce- ments. The older the citizen the more enthusiastic his love, the more ardent his appreciation, the more unwavering his fidelity, the more pronounced his devotion. The compilation or publication of statistics is foreign to the purpose of this issue, but it may be well to supplement the above facts with a few corroborative figures. The public buildings of Denver, exclusive of churches and schools, were erected at a cost of $4,000,000. The city owns real estate valued at $2,000,000. Its bonded debt is only $400,000; its assessed valuation, $37,500,000; and its commercial transactions represent a total of $100,000,000 yearly, COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. CLIMATIC INFLUENCES AND CONDITIONS. There is no place on earth probably where there is so much bright, glorious sun- light the year round as in Colorado. Its kindly warmth does not enervate, but rather imparts strength to the system and tones up the delicate nerves and flaccid muscles. Some days in summer it is decidedly "hot," but this causes no lassitude, and among outdoor workingmen, however much exposed, a case of sunstroke has never been known. In the coldest days of winter, comparatively no discomfort is experienced, and human energies are rather stimulated than depressed by frigid weather. The fact that extremes of cold or heat are not felt here as elsewhere, is chiefly due to the unusual dryness of the air. In Florida and the South an equable warmth pre- vails, but attended by a great deal of moisture in which the germs of malaria are con- served, ready to leap into malignant growth at the first opportune moment. In the boasted climate of Southern California there are no healthful changes of season, no snowfall, no bright winter days (more enjoyable even than those of summer in Colorado), but, instead, long intervals of mist and drizzling rain, and a chillness of nights that penetrates to the marrow of the bones. There is more of the vitalizing principle of ozone in the atmosphere of Colorado than in that of any other country in the same latitude. Invalids, asthmatics, and those having weak lungs (who have not reached the hopeless stage of phthisis) breathe freely and grow better, and the majority recover in the genial air and bright sunshine of Colorado — those at least who adopt the right regimen, assimilate nutritious food and indulge in plentiful outdoor exercise. This is the experience of hundreds who went out to Colorado, anxious, care-worn and apprehensive, and became permanent residents because they could not live and enjoy life so well anywhere else. From the meteorological record of temperature, taken at Denver, compiled (with yearly averages) from sixteen years signal service observations, it is ascertained that the number of days on which the sun shines in Denver is twenty-nine in each month. From local observations by a resident in that city, we learn that during a recent period of fifteen months the sun was not obscured one entire day. The custom is too prevalent among invalids to postpone until the heated term their visits to places where strength can be gained and health recruited. Dr. Chas. Denison, of Denver, a prominent medical authority, discussing the comparative importance of climatic attributes in the arrest of chronic pulmonary disease, affirms that " the preferable climate in most cases is in the dry, cool, rarefied, sunny, clear and pure, though variable, atmosphere of a well-chosen, high altitude." Dr. Fremy, a distinguished physician of Nice, who has made this disease the special study of a life-time, concurs in this opinion. In a recent interview, he said: "I find that places where" consumption, as treated in Switzerland, especially in valleys — that is to say in conditions of insolation and where the winds blow like a draught — are less favorable than high plateaux fully ventilated and receiv- ing the full amount of sun, as in Colorado." As mountain resorts, even such cities as Leadville (10,000 feet above sea level) are not without their climatic advantages. Dr. J. J. Crook, a resident physician, states that " during a practice of more than twelve years, he has never known a single case of consumption that has originated in that locality." He says, however: " It is best for consumptives coming to Colorado to make Denver, Colorado Springs or Pueblo a stopping point before venturing higher," and that " there are many reasons to justify the statement that tubercular consumptives will improve in the mountains of Colorado, and in many cases recover entirely." COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. COLORADO SPRINGS, A RESIDENCE CITY AND HEALTH RESORT. This city, one of the most important terminal points in Colorado of the Rock Island system, is situated on a beautiful stretch of table land near the foot hills, which lie at the base of the most eastern spurs of the Rocky Mountain range, at an elevation of 5,982 feet above sea level. It commands a magnificent view of Pike's Peak, and is the direct gateway and approach to Manitou, Cascade Canon, Ute Pass, Garden of the Gods, PIKE'S PEAK FROM UNION RAILWAY STATION AT COLORADO SPRINGS. and some of the grandest scenery on the continent. It was laid out in 1871. Its broad avenues run at right angles to each other, and are thickly planted with shade trees. The soil is sandy and porous, and was originally covered with buffalo grass. The intro- duction of water, however, through irrigating canals, effected a marvelous change, clothing the surface of town site and adjacent country with verdure, and giving adequate moisture to all kinds of plants, grasses, shrubs and flowers. The " lay of the land " is such that in the construction of water works no engineering was required beyond putting the pipes down in straight lines. The water is brought direct from mountain streams, and is cold, pure and abundant. The drainage is excellent, and, owing to the sandy nature of the soil, which quickly absorbs occasional summer dashes of rain and the snow 10 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. ^■alls of winter, such a thing as mud is unknown. At all times and seasons, the streets are dry and outdoor life wholesome and enjoyable. The principal thoroughfares have street car conveniences, and electric lights are supplied to many of the hotels and busi- ness houses. It is a city of delightful homes, the ma- jority of its 10,000 population having de- signed and erected houses on their own property for their own exclusive use and enjoyment. There are also many elegant and commodious public buildings and pri- vate residences. Its hotels are among the finest in the West. " The Antlers " is a mag- nificent structure of stone, built in the Queen Anne style, and is connected with large and beautiful lawns and public grounds. The "Alamo" is another costly and luxuriously appointed hotel of the first class. Several other hotels and boarding houses furnish ex- cellent accommodations at moderate prices to transient or permanent guests. Pretty private cottages, nicely furnished, can also be rented by parties who do not care to live at hotels. As a sanitarium, Colorado Springs has a wide and well deserved reputation. It has a remarkably equable climate, neither exces- sively hot in summer nor cold in winter. The atmosphere is dry, pure, bracing, and particularly soothing and agreeable to weak lungs. It is a favorite resort for that large number of invalids to whom the air of higher altitudes is more injurious than beneficial. Dr. Clinton Wagner, Senior Surgeon of the New York Metropolitan Throat Hospi- tal, writes in a prominent and influential medical journal: "In describing a cHmate which presents so many anomalies as that of Colorado Springs, for instance the dryness of an inland desert, the cold, bracing air of the north, an atmosphere so clear that moun- tains 130 miles distant can be seen distinctly, without the aid of a glass, the sun of the tropics, a sky that surpasses that of Italy in loveliness, and scenery which compares with that of Switzerland, one may justly stand in dread of being charged with indulging in the language of the imagination." After detailing the history of his own personal experiences, his conclusions are as follows: " In diseases of the respiratory organs, resi- dence at Colorado Springs is especially beneficial. In cases of phthisis pulmonalis, whether catarrhal or tubercular, stationary, progressive-chronic or bronchial catarrh, the results of pleurisy and pneumonia, improvement or recovery may be looked for," The city's water supply from Ruxton Creek, is clear, copious and unfailing. Al- though the natural drainage is good, a scientific system of sewerage has been adopted and eight-inch mains laid through the principal streets connecting with the houses, which carry off all noxious superfluities, The drives, over hard roadways, lead to every CATHEDRAL ROCKS," NEAR MANITOU. COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 11 point of compass and to places of interest in all directions. Within an outer rim of twenty miles, more scenery can be witnessed and in greater variety, from the lovely to the majestic in color, form and extent, than in any other part of the world. The fact that no saloons are permitted to exist in Colorado Springs, and that the sale of liquor is strictly prohibited, the penalty being the enforcement of a clause in each individual deed of conveyance which forfeits the property to its original owner, renders it a very desirable place for visitors or permanent residents having families of children. The influences that surround them are innocuous, wholesome and improving to both minds and morals. It is, indeed, a "city of steady habits," and its people are of a supe- rior, intelligent, highly-educated, New England type of men and women, who are at the same time generous, public-spirited and hospitable. The magnificence of the surrounding landscape is the delight and admiration of tourists and " a joy forever " to even the oldest inhabitant. The nearness of the city to the VIEW OF PIKE'S PEAK FROM ANTLERS' HOTEL. COLORADO SPRINGS. mountams affords easy access to the numerous canons, parks and caves m its vicinity To the south are " H. H.'s Flower Garden," the Cheyenne Toll-Road and Cheyenne canons; to the southwest, the picturesque Bear Creek and Red Rock canons; to the west, Manitou, the American Spa, with its hundreds of objects of interest, and cel- ebrated mineral springs. One of the most popular drives is that over the mesa to Glen Eyrie and the Garden of the Gods; that up the Cheyenne Canon, fifteen miles long, terminating at Seven Lakes, at an elevation of 11,500 feet, is also full of interest. It is very seldom that so much grandeur and variety of scenery can be seen from a well- built wagon road. The pioneer Denver & Rio Grande and Colorado Midland (the latter completed to Newcastle) afford conveyance in luxurious cars to an endless succession of other mountain scenic wonders. The cost of living in this city is not so great as many Eastern people suppose. Fur- nished houses of three to eight rooms rent at $20 to $100, and unfurnished at $10 to $50 per month. Furnished rooms, including light and fuel, can be had for $8 to $10 per month, and unfurnished at cheaper rates. Table board at hotels and restaurants costs from $4.50 to $7 per week. The price of coal is $3.75 to $8 per ton. ---'jJfltV^pSS-" b RfAT^oll-rSLAND Route ~'^ ' " I '"" nil- I III COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. i3 PUEBLO, "THE PITTSBURGH OF THE W^EST." This city, which is another favored railway terminal point of The Great Rock Island system in Colorado, is the capital of Pueblo county, the metropolis of the corn, wheat and fruit-producing valley of the Arkansas, the seat of large smelting establishments, STREET SCENE— UNION AVENUE, LOOKING WEST IN THE CITY OF PUEBLO. iron and steel manufactures and other industries, and the centre to a rapidly growing tributary trade. The Arkansas and its affluents furnish the facihties for irrigation to over 15,000,000 acres of land, the greater proportion of which will soon be converted into productive farms. Within its confines of over 2,000 miles extent are such cities as Leadville (the leading mining centre of the State), Trinidad, with its unlimited beds of coal and iron, and Canon City and Flor- ence, in the midst of petroleum fields, whose resources of wealth are just begin- ning to be utilized. The yearly production of its smelters in gold, silver and lead is over $2,500,000 in value. The present population of Pueblo is estimated at 45,000; Its distance from Denver is 120 miles, and elevation 4,667 feet. The original town site was on the north bank of the Arkansas river. Its streets are eighty feet wide — those running east and west being designated by num- bers; those north and south being known as avenues. South Pueblo in 1872 was laid out on the bottom lands parallel to and south of the river, and is chiefly devoted to business houses and railroad yards. Here ^^^^^^ ^^RKS BUILDING AT PUEBLO. are also several minor factories, warehouses and lumber depots. The mesa or table land farther back is occupied by residences. Fronting on the bluffs, a portion of the 44 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. %K-ISLAHD BO""- CITY HALL BUILDING AT PUEBLO. mesa, known as Corona Park, is irregularly laid out in winding streets and blocks. The remainder, in squares, is separated from the park by a double avenue, 150 feet wide, shaded by four rows of trees. The town of Bessemer (where are the steel works) is still farther south of the city, on what is called the " upper mesa." The corporate limits of Pueblo include an irregular tract three miles north and south by two and one-half miles wide. North from the river a high ridge extends east of the original town site. East of this ridge the Fon- taine flows from the base of Pike's Peak into the Arkansas. The eleva- tion, known as " Tenderfoot Hill," and another beyond, called " East Side," are very desirable for residences. Without and adjoining the city limits on every side are recently platted subdivisions, where lots are held at low rates, which will eventually be- come very valuable properties. One of the prettiest is the " Fountain Lake," which is advantageously located on one of the principal streets and driving boulevards. Union avenue, which extends from the viaduct across the river and north to the city limits, and Santa Fe avenue (also running due north) are the principal business streets, and are traversed by street cars, which run to the residence parts of the city. The passenger and freight depots of the railways centering here are on either side of the river. The area of the business district comprises fifty squares. Pueblo has several artesian wells sunk to a depth of 1,000 to 1,400 feet, which have already gained a national repu- tation. The water is in general de- mand and shipped to all parts of the United States. Diseases of the blood and secretory organs can be cured by its use, as many afflicted persons have discovered by happy experience. The mountain view from Pueblo is comprehensive and inspiring. Northwest, in the distance, are the blue slopes of the Front range, with Pike's Peak as the central figure. Rising above the horizon, ninety miles south, the Spanish Peaks are distinctly visible, and west of these, on a bright day, can be seen the snowy summits of the Sangre de Christo range. The Greenhorn Mountains, COUNTY COURT HOUSE AT PUEBLO. COLORADO CITIES AND PLACEi^. 45 where nestles the beautiful resort, " Beulah Springs," are but thirty miles away. The topography of Pueblo is also such as to render it a most desirable health resort. The city lies on the sloping land on either side of the Arkansas River, thirty miles from the foothills and mountains, which enclose the valley on three sides. This secluded location affords all the benefits of fresh, exhilarating mountain air, without the evils of a high altitude and great extremes of temperature between day and night. There are noteworthy structures, both public and private, to which citizens of Pueblo can point with pride. Among them are the County Court House and City Hall, several business blocks, three to four stories high, the Grand (an elegantly equipped hotel), a $350,000 Opera House, a fine Union Railway Depot, the Sisters of Loretto Academy, Board of Trade Building, a costly and imposing edifice for the display of minerals (in course of erection), and numerous others. The climate of Pueblo and vicinity, where disagreeable days are the exception, says a local journal, must of necessity be beneficial. Outdoor occupations are carried on at all seasons of the year. No cold weather of sufficient severity to stop work; no day in summer so warm that out-of-door work must be suspended; sunstrokes are unknown. The days are very few, indeed, when invalids cannot walk or ride in the open air. Children thrive, owing to the fact that they can play in the open air nearly every day in the year. This climate is peculiarly adapted to all relaxed conditions. The air, being dry and exhilarating, and the bright light, serve as a tonic to weakened systems. In the coldest days of winter comparatively no discomfort is experienced, and human energies are rather stimulated than depressed by the frigid weather. PALMER LAKE, BETWEEN DENVER AND PUEBLO. Palmer Lake (a medallion portrait of which is given herewith) is reached via The Rock Island Route at a point between Denver and Pueblo which rises to an elevation of 7,238 feet above sea level. This locality was formerly called " The Divide," for the significant reason that on the crest of its summit, the waters "divide," flowing north into the Platte — which empties into the Missouri, and south into the Arkansas — which is a confluent of the Mississippi. The lake is truly a mountain gem, with delightful natural surroundings. Whether approached from Denver or Pueblo, it reveals itself suddenly to the sight, a vision of sylvan beauty. Red- roofed, picturesque cottages nestle here and there among the hills, gaily-painted boats float gracefully upon the bright blue waters, a fountain in the center flings its spray half a hundred feet into the air, and on either hand rugged peaks, pine- clad and broken by castellated rocks, rise into a sky whose cerulean hue is reflected by the placid waters of the lake. On the route thither, the traveler will enjoy a delight- ful variety of scenery; on either side are rolling plains dotted with numerous herds of 16 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. sheep and cattle, agricultural settlements with cultivated ranches, giving evidence of enterprise and thrift. Now and then we catch a glance of the river threading its way amid the valleys and glens, while stretching away in the distance the cliffs and tower- ing peaks of the snowy range in their dazzling whiteness appear like fleecy clouds upon the horizon, and form a striking contrast with the blue-tinted foot-hills, which, as we near them, appear covered with oak shrubbery, bright flowers, castled rocks, scattered pines, and quaking aspen glimmering in the sun- shine. Gradually ascending the mountain pathway, we reach the summit, and, entering a gap in the mountains, Palmer Lake is seen, sparkling like a diamond in its emerald set- ting. Along the shore a sub- stantial stone embankment has been built, and in front of the station a neat and tasteful boat-house erected. Boating is indeed an attractive feature of this resort, and nearly every visitor indulges in it. The town, though small (hav- ing about 150 permanent resi- dents only), has its regularly graded streets planted with shade trees, handsome cot- tages, comfortable hotel, and an abundant supply of pure water brought from mountain sources in iron pipes, having pressure that enables foun- tains to throw ^yater to a height of eighty feet. Here the people of Colo- rado Springs, Denver and Pueblo, and other towns along THE SEVEN FALLS," IN CHEYENNE CANON. The Cheyenne Canons, distant 8^ to 9 miles from Manitou, give one a good idea of the magnificent gorges which aboimd in the fastnesses of the Rocky Mountains. They are deep gashes in the heart of Chey- enne Mountain, and display grand facings of red granite towering hundreds of feet high. In both canons the Douglas spruce, the Rocky Mountain pine, the white spruce and other charming varieties of native tree growths thrive in great profusion, while the Virginia creeper, the clematis (two species) and other climbers and plants add their graces and charms to the scene. The stream in the southern gorge forms a beautiful cascade (illustrated in panel above), plunging in seven suc- cessive leaps a distance of five hundred feet. the line, and many visitors from the States, come every summer for healthful rest and recreation. Here (in the lovely recess a few hundred yards above the lake) Glen Park COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 17 is situated, where many wealthy people have erected summer cottages and homes. Many points of scenic interest surround Palmer Lake which are easily accessible by a pleasant walk or drive. Among these may be mentioned Phoebe's Arch, Glen d' Eau, Bellevue Point, the Arched Rocks and Ben Lomond. Ten miles northwest is Perry Park, which abounds in those singular rock formations which make Monument Park so attractive. As a sanitarium for invalids of weak lungs, who cannot breathe the air of higher altitudes, Palmer Lake is one of the best in Colorado. MANITOU AND ITS ATTRACTIVE SURROUNDINGS Manitou is situated at the foot of Pike's Peak, that towers to a height of 14,147 feet — its summit crowned with everlasting snows. It is only six miles from Colorado Springs (one of the chief Colorado termini of the Rock Island system), with which it is united by a branch railway that runs daily trains, at twenty-five cents fare, with sufficient frequency to accommodate all the demands of travel. It is renowned, and justly so, for its effervescent soda and iron springs, which constitute a beverage not only piquant and delicious as champagne, but as a corrective, alterative and tonic are credited with rare medicinal virtues. While its mineral waters take equal rank with those of Sara- toga, it is in many other important respects a far more attractive resort for intelligent, refined and even fashionable and wealthy people. It is not only provided with spacious and elegant hotels, but it is surrounded by the most sublime and beautiful scenery in America. In the language of an enthusiastic admirer : " For those who reverence what is grand in nature, the mountains tower in the western heavens, marshaled and cap- tained by Pike's Peak; for those who are moved by vastness, the mysterious plains like a boundless ocean stretch to the east; for those who love gentler aspects, the valley of the Fontaine- qui-Bouille, glowing with greenery and pranked with flowers, affords a never-ceasing pleasure." The resident population consists mostly of men of means with their families, who, having derived great benefit from sojourning here, and having become fascinated by the sunny skys, pure air, sparkling water, genial climate, wonderful scenery BALANCED ROCK IN GARDEN OF THE GODS. sssm:-msixm^ - ;,.,.Mfc.. r mAY COLORADO CITIES AXD PLACES. 19 and many-sided enjoyments incident to daily out-door life (all the year round) in Colo- rado, could not be induced to return to whence they came or make their homes elsewhere. Manitou is hardly more than a village, but it none the less has its electric lights, graded schools, beautiful and luxuriously-appointed homes, a town hall that co^t over $10,000, and many other, and, indeed nearly all the comforts and conveniences possessed by older and populous cities. The standard of social culture is very high, and the noble advantages with which Nature has dowered this locality seem to specially favor the development of art, good taste, and give wide scope to the best intuitions and aspirations of the human heart. Manitou is not only a wonderful sanitarium, but a truly ideal Western resort. The visits of the health or pleasure-seeking are not necessarily limited to the summer months, for at all times and seasons the place is delightful beyond description, afford- ing an endless variety and succession of attractions for all, and especially those who have tired of the tedious routine of conventional pleasures endured at more pretentious watering places East or in Europe. The incentives to active physical exertion here are many and irresistible. There are more points of interest within a few miles limit, and easily accessible from Manitou, than are available at any other watering place in the world, and the very best way to see and enjoy them is on horseback. There are carriages, of course, for invalids who are unable to remain long in the saddle, and the roads, even up the njost difficult canons, are good and safe. But the riding horses at the liveries here have been carefully selected, and are so admirably trained, and their saddles are so comfortable, that ladies as well as gentlemen, almost invariably prefer them to any other mode of conveyance. A gallop over the plains is exhilarating, but nothing can add to the exaltation of spirits the equestrian feels as he gradually ascends (with little or no personal fatigue) the steep acclivities that lead up from one " Point of Inspiration" to another, where "Alps on Alps arise," and unexpected scenic glories on every side and at every sudden turn are revealed, whose beauty and sublimity once impressed upon the memory can never be effaced. The many trails to be climbed, roads traversed, cascades visited, caverns explored, canons penetrated, peaks surmounted and wonderful views seen within the radius of a few miles of Manitou, are too numerous to mention. The Ute Pass, once a dizzy and dangerous footpath, has been made as safe as a country road, at an outlay of $20,000, and is now a favorite drive. One of the features of the ascent of this Pass is the lovely cascade known as "Rainbow Falls" — a gem of glittering spray in appropriate setting — many hotel guests making daily pilgrimages on foot to worship at its shrine and listen to its musical rush of waters, Manitou is especially adapted to the wants of those who, while recruiting their energies, if impaired, can also escape the rigors of winter or early spring in the East. As an all-the-year-round resort, it is growing more and more in popular favor. The climate is not so mild as that of Florida in the winter, but the air is dry, and (with the exception of occasional light falls of snow) the sun shines brightly and constantly. Sheltered from the wind on every side, Manitou is a delightful place at all times. Feb- ruary is a charming month, and March, April and May are hardly less so, and June is "heavenly," when the flowers appear and the mountain thickets are beautiful with blooming shrubs. The invalid here is never afraid of fresh winter air, for such glorious dry air can do him no harm., A five-minute walk to the springs and a refreshing draught of its sparkling waters gives him appetite for breakfast. The more exercise he ^ Colorado cities and placed. can take in moderation the better, and if walking is distasteful or fatiguing, he can ride to anywhere or any distance, and behold on every side endless scenes of grandeur, beauty and sublimity. MANITOU AND PIKE'S PEAK COG-RAILWAY. This stupendous enterprise — work on which was begun about a year ago — has for its object the transportation of passengers with speed and safety from Manitou to the tip-top of Pike's Peak, a distance of nine miles, the elevation to be overcome being i,ooo feet to the mile. At present writing it is expected to be completed and in operation VIEW OF PIKE'S PEAK FROM THE NORTHWEST, AT MANITOU PARK. next June, in time for use during the present summer and fall season of 1890. After leaving Manitou, this road follows closely by the old trail until the Half Way House is reached. Continuing then at an easy 10 per cent, grade for one and one-half miles, it makes a turn in the direction of the peak and continues for a mile in a straight line, then turning to the south it begins to climb rapidly a 25 per cent, grade, crosses to the west side of the huge mountain at Windy Point, and then takes a bee line to the summit. The track will be laid of ordinary steel rails, and the rack-rail in which the cogwheel on the engine operates will be securely fastened to the ties in the center of the track. The cogwheels will be placed in under the boiler of the engine between the drive wheels, and will be operated by specially arranged machinery. The line is to be constructed in the most substantial manner, and will be a standard gauge with a fifteen- foot road-bed, to provide against danger in case of derailment. There will be no COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 21 wooden bridges nor trestlework, only soMd masonry culverts and bridges being used, so that there will be no trouble from washouts. The terminals will be at the old signal station on the peak and a point near the Iron Springs Hotel in Manitou. The rack-rail system consists of three rack bars or rails instead of one, bolted together and operated simultaneously as one rail. The bars are so arranged that while no two cogs enter the notches simul- taneously, several cogs have a bearing at the same time, thus insuring a continuous, easy motion, without jar or noise, and as each cog rail is independent, the breaking of a cog would not interfere in the least with the operation of the others, and safety is thus absolutely assured. The engine (to weigh forty tons) will make the trip up the peak in one and one-half hours and down in one and one-quarter hours. It will operate by cogwheels alone, there being no adhesion drivers. The cogwheels, two in number, are placed directly over the center of the track in such a position that they gain the advantage of the weight of the engine. The rear of the locomotive is elevated so that the boiler will be nearly level when on the heaviest grades. The two tanks on each side of the boiler carry the water supply, there being no tender, and sufficient coal for one round trip is carried in a coal box in the rear of the cab. As the engine pushes the train up hill, in- stead of pulling, as in ordinary railroad trains, it has no use for a pilot or "cowcatcher," and resembles in hardly any respect the ordinary locomotive. The passenger coaches will not differ materially from the ordinary Pullman day coach, but will be constructed so that passengers may sit comfortably in a horizontal position when the car is on an incline. This will be the most novel railway in the world. When it reaches its objective point above the clouds, it will render almost insignificant, by comparison, the famous cogway up Mt. Washington and the inclined railway up the Rhigi in Switzerland. But superadded to the many elements of grandeur it will possess, the most startling feature of all will occur when, with the aid of powerful electric arc lamps placed at short intervals, its entire track to the very crest of the lofty peak will at night become one continuous blaze of light. The electric power will be furnished by a dynamo plant situated at the foot of the incline, and trains will be run at all hours of night. An unbroken chain of dazzling iridescence, stretching up from sombre depths, crossing awful chasms and ascending to a height that human skill in this direction has never before attained, will constitute a wonderfully weird and grand spectacle — a sight worth going thousands of miles to behold. RAINBOW FALLS," NEAR MANITOU. 22 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. OTHER PICTURESQUE LOCALITIES AND POINTS OF INTEREST. Cheyenne Mountain, only a few miles distant from Manitou, is distinguished as the final resting place of the gifted authoress, Helen Hunt Jackson. It is reached via Chey- enne Canon, down which the " Seven Falls " cascade (see engraving) plunges in a succession of pictur- esque leaps a distance of 500 feet. The sum- mit of Cheyenne Mountain is attained by climbing up a stair- way which has been built by the side of this torrent. At the end of this ascent a winding trail is fol- lowed to the grave of the great writer and universally beloved and esteemed woman. The following is her own language descrii5- ing the mountain, where she now lies buried at her own especial request : "It is the southern- most peak of the range lying west of Colorado Springs. * * * Pike's Peak, a few miles further north in the same range, is nearly twice as high; so it is not by reason of height that Cheyenne is- so grand. Pausing now with my pen in my hand, I look out of my south win- dow at its majestic SADDLE ROCK" Is the suggestive name of one ot the many singular natural eccentricities to be seen in the Ute Pass and other localities in the immediate vicinity of Manitou. For a few hours' carriage drive or horseback ride there is no finer one from Manitou or Colorado Springs than the Ute Pass. In the spring and summer the foliage, the flowers and sweet smelling shrubs, the birds and butterflies attracted by the spray of the dashing waters of the Fontaine-qui-Bouille, that sparkle in the sun, form a bright foreground for the crags and cliffs beyond. This gorge through the front line of the foot hills— the ramparts of the Rockies- is very appropriately called the " Ute Pass." From time immemorial the Utes came down through it from their mountain fastnesses to hunt buffalo on the Elains or wage intermittent war with their relentless enemies, the Arapahocs, omanches, and Cheyennes. It was then only a footpath, impassable to any but the Indian. In 1872 a fine road through the defile was constructed, at a cost of $20,000, by citizens of Elpaso county, for a distance of 2^ miles. It is an excellent road, noted for its rare scenic beauty, and opens to travel the best natural highway into the upland plateau of South Park and the mining districts beyond. being loyal to the truth I would like to tell of this mountain. Is it that its eastern outline, from the summit down to the plain, is one slow, steady, incurving slope. front, and despair COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 23 broken only by the rise of dark timberlands, which round like billows, and that this exquisite hollowing curve is forever outlined against the southern sky? Is it because the heavily cut and jagged top joins this eastern slope at a sharp angle and stretches away to the northeast in broken lines as rugged and strong as the eastern slope is graceful and harmonious, and that the two lines together make a perpetual, vast trian- gulation on the sky? Is it that when white clouds in our heavens at noon, journey south, they always seem to catch on its eastern slope, and hang and flutter there, or nestle down in an island-like band reaching half way up the mountain ? Is it that the dawn always strikes it some moments earlier than it reaches the rest of the range, turning it glowing red from plains to sky, like a great illumined cathedral ? Is it that the setting sun also loves it, and flings back mysterious broken prisms of light on its VIEW OF LONG'S PEAK AND MOUNTAINS FROM ESTES PARK. furrowed western slopes long after the other peaks are black and grim ? Is it that it holds canons, where one can climb among fir trees and roses and clematis and colum- bine and bluebells and ferns and mosses, to wild pools and cascades in which the snow-fed brooks tumble and leap? These questions are only like the random answers of one suddenly hard pressed for the explanation of a mystery which has long since ceased to be a mystery to him — ceased to be a mystery, not because it has been fathomed, but because it has become familiar and dear. " No lover of Cheyenne but will say that Cheyenne is better than all these ; that no one of all these is quite truly and sufficiently told, and I myself in the telling, feel like one stammering in a language but half learned, the great mountain all the while look- ing down on me in serene and compassionate silence. At this moment it looks like a gigantic mountain of crystals, purple and white. Every smallest ridge slope fronting to the east or south is of a red purple, like the purple of a Catawba grape over-ripe. Every smallest ridge slope to the north or west is white like the white of alabaster and soft 24 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. with the softness of snow. The plains are a clear, pale yellow, and the spot where the slope melts into the level, and purple melts into the yellow, is a triumph of shape and color from which men who build and men who paint might well turn away sorrowful." One of the most beautiful among the many picturesque localities of Manitou is a scene near Briarhurst, of which we present elsewhere a carefully executed page engrav- ing. Briarhurst takes its name from a residence in the near vicinity, which is half concealed by tangled shrubbery and groves of lofty trees. It is constructed of the native pink and white stone, its architecture diversified by many gables, porches and verandas, and covers much ground. Here is reverently cherished by its owner the splendid picture by Thomas Moran, of the " Mount of the Holy Cross." Art and good taste have done much to embellish this lovely spot. The pure crystal stream of THE HUNTERS' RENDEZVOUS. A WINTER SCENE IN COLORADO. This "Winter Scene," with its log cabin protected from storms by a stately forest of pine *■ trees; its embankments of crusted snow glistening in the cheerful sunlight, and its group of hardy hunters — powerfully suggests the keen zest that stimulates and sustains the sportsman in his pursuit of noble mountain game, as well as the interior comforts of his snug bachelor den, devoted to good cooking and good fellowship when the day's hunt is over. melted snow water is crossed and recrossed by rustic bridges, and the walks along its margin are as pleaSant and inviting as it is possible to make them. The " Garden of the Gods," only one and a half miles distant over an excellent carriage road, is another wonderful locality. The noble majesty of the approach thereto is but feebly portrayed in the engraving on the outside of the cover of this pamphlet. It cannot, of course, do justice to its wealth of color or the magnificent picture this gateway frames. Its portals spring from the level of the plain to a height of 330 feet, and glow with a brilliant intensity of red. There is an outer parapet of pure white and inner columns of varied hues, the whole suggesting the ruins of a vast temple, once the receptacle of the sacred shrine of the long-buried gods. Standing outlined against a spotless sky of blue, enveloped in the white light of the sun, they flash with the splendor of cornelian. The interior columns and monoliths of the " Garden " have received appropriate designations. There is a " Statue of Liberty," COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 25 a " Dolphin," a " Bear and Seal," a " Lion," a " Griffin," and hundreds of other quaint and curious figures, the rocks everywhere assuming strange mimetic forms. Here on every side are found hints of Athens, of the Parthenon, Palmyra, the Pyramids, Kamac and her crumbling columns. Nature has perpetrated strange freaks of architecture in this solitude, as if diverting herself, after throes which gave the adjacent mountains birth. The largest of the interior ledges is 1,200 feet long by 400 feet high. The " Cathedral Rocks " (see engraving) of red sandstone, 250 feet high, form a curious natural window, through which a glimpse is obtained of the sky beyond. The aggrega- tion of rocks, boulders and cliffs, single or in groups, produce some inspiring effects. " Balanced Rock " (see engraving) forms a striking feature of the west approach to the Garden. Although weighing hundreds of tons, it is so nicely poised upon its pedestal that it can be rocked to and fro with the hands. The " Cave of the Winds " and the " Grand Caverns " possess a remarkable inter- est for visitors, and can be reached by a short drive up the Ute Pass, at a point 1,700 feet higher than Manitou. The cave is composed of a dozen or more rooms, reached through narrow, dark passages. The formations are beautiful and wonderful, the most singular being that of a natural musical formation which bears a striking resemblance to a pipe-organ. The largest chamber (450 feet long) is of immeasurable height and the echoes are remarkable. The floors are ircrusted with lime work, embroidered in raised ridges of exqui- site natural carving. Ernest IngersoU says, " In this form of frost- like ornamentation, to which the most skilled work of the silversmith would bear no compari- son, these Colorado caverns excel anything I know of anywhere." There are many other points of interest in the vicinity of Mani- tou. Monument Park (nine miles distant by carriage) is noted for its remarkable and fan- tastic stone formations. " Sandstone Tower" (see third page of cover) is one of these. All the curious rock shapes are of cream-colored sand- stone, which the valleys have exposed. They have been worn by time and sculptured by the attrition of air and water into grotesque figures or groups, some of them resembling human beings. Among these are the " Dutch Wedding." " Quaker To ANIMAS CANON (one of the wildest and grandest of the Rocky Moun- tains}^ speed y_and comfortable access is afforded by trains of the Denver " Ric Grande Railway. Rio de las Ani- Through this stupendous gorge, the mas Perdidas." or " River of Lost Souls," forces its way into the valley below. For a dozen miles north of Durango that railway traverses the fertile and cul , ' ' ' ' ' " ap becomes more broken and contracted, the approaching walls grow more pre' tivated valley of the Animas. As it approaches the canon the valley gradually becomes more broken and contracted, the approaching walls grow more pre- cipitous and the mountain meadows give place to sycamore trees and stately f)ines. As the road clings to and climbs up the rising cliffs, the earth and ofty ^ines recede, until presently th ' . - .. "& ines recede, until presently the train courses along a mere granite shelf ertical wall m mid-air, with a vertical wall rising a thousand feet above, and perpendicular depths and a river surging hundreds of feet below. The canon here is a mere rent in the mountain (so narrow that one may toss a pebble across), and the rushing stream has a deep emerald hue. In the shadows of the rocks and beetling cliffs all is solitary, weird and awful. And yet the amazed traveler loses all apprehenrions of danger in the wonderful beauty and grandeur of the scene. 26 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. Meeting," "Lone Sentinel," " Duchess," " Romeo and Juliet," " Mother Judy," etc. All these and numerous others are within easy walking distance of " The Pines," a comfort- able hotel in the center of the Park, one-half mile from the depot, and commanding a superb view of Pike's Peak and the famous Cheyenne mountains. Glen Eyrie is a wild and romantic retreat at the entrance of Queen's Canon, through which a beautiful brook meanders. There are also scores of smaller canons, caves, waterfalls and charming nooks which sojourners for health or pleasure can seek for themselves. The hotels and boarding-houses at Manitou are numerous, and very generously patronized, the prices being very reasonable for first-class accommodations. We ought not, perhaps, to omit mention of the " Pike's Peak Burro Brigade" — a nicely equipped aggregate of fat, docile, sure-footed, diminu- tive donkeys — which was organized and is maintained for the exclusive benefit of children and girls, who ride them daily with every demonstration of delight, accom- panied (when deemed necessary) by a guide. The summit of Pike's Peak, where the United States government has for several years maintained a signal station, is the ob- jective point of many who visit Manitou. The trip is safely made on horseback or "QU.EEN OF THE CANON- CASCADE. ^foot, although the new cog railway will divest the journey of all danger and fatigue. Last season over 5,000 ladies and gen- tlemen made the ascent. The distance from the Iron Springs (Manitou) is twelve mountain miles, and mountain miles are invariably long ones. Horses are taken early in the morning and a cavalcade, usually of from twenty to thirty persons, proceed in single file up the trail that leads through Engleman's Canon or along the beautiful Rux- ton's Creek, with its dozen or more cascades. After a rest at the Trail House, they continue their way above timber line, over rocky impediments, to the top of the Peak. After an hour or two devoted to rest, refreshments, and a contemplation of the inde- scribably grand pictures of mountain and plain which extend around to horizons hun- dreds of miles distant, the procession makes the return. Though weary and sore, the sight-seers always refer to this trip as a "red-letter day" in their experience. [ ^^^^^E H ^^^ L; •&i wX^^k p M Rx ^ 1 ^^S^ ^^\ J^^ ^^^^^^ 1 ^fes^i'p^ ft 1| 1 v:i^^ru3 V mm - 1 '\ -- THE TOWN OF CASCADE UP THE UTE PASS FROM MANITOU. This place has won no inconsiderable fame as a pleasure and health resort, although it first started into life from a ranch only three years ago, and is destined to receive this summer and future seasons its full share of patronage. We publish a view of this COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 27 locality elsewhere, engraved from photograph. It can be reached by carriage up the Ute Pass, but the most comfortable route is by the Colorado Midland. It is five miles from Manitou and eleven from Colorado Springs, and from an altitude of 7,000 feet above sea level, commands a view as extensive as it is grand. ' The town site is near SYLVAN NOOK AND FALLS, IN CASCADE CANON. the mouth of the canon (of the same name), and covers an area of valley two miles long and nearly the same in width. It has already become quite a little village, with two good hotels, a beautiful Episcopal church, with gothic windows and stained glass, that will seat 150 persons; a store, carrying a well assorted stock; a postoffice and numerous fine cottage residences. The Cascade House has been enlarged to nearly double its 28 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. former capacity, and a new hotel, the " Ramona," has been recently completed and newly furnished at a cost of $65,000. It has 100 choice rooms, comfortably and luxuri- ously fitted up. The parlors and ladies' reception rooms on the first floor are replete with every convenience. The dining-room is large and cheerful and its tables will accommodate 200 guests at a time, without crowding. The billiard and smoking rooms are inviting, and equally so the reading and writing rooms. Bath rooms are on every floor; the electric bell system is in use; there is a fine bowling alley and an elevator, while balconies twelve feet wide run around three sides of the house, affording at all hours shady promenades for those desiring gentle open-air exercise. During the past year, many other substantial improvements have been made in this locality. Mains have been extended so that water is carried to all parts of the town. THE TOWN OF CASCADE, A SUMMER RESORT, TWELVE MILES FROM COLORADO SPRINGS. Sewer pipes have also been laid, and the system of water supply and drainage is now as perfect as in any place in the State. An artificial lake has been constructed at consider- able expense, which covers several acres, and is partially stocked with trout. Several boats have been built and placed on- this lake, and boating is destined to become a favorite amusement among summer sojourners and visitors. A picturesque fountain adds another local and much appreciated charm. A dancing pavilion, built in the summer of 1888, near the depot, was so numerously visited that two others have been erected over springs since developed. An important natural health restorative at Cascade is found at the springs. The pure, cold water fountains, flowing out of the adjacent rocks, are of themselves valuable, but there are mineral springs as well; one of delicious water, a short distance above the hotel, near the COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 29 entrance of the canon, which is very strongly impregnated with iron, and another, three- fourths of a mile below the Cascade House, possessing similar properties, but rich in soda, potassium, magnesia and other mineral and acid ingredients, as well as iron. These waters are very beneficial to those suffering from kidney complaints, and as a tonic to systems debilitated by overwork or nervous prostration are unexcelled. The Pike's Peak toll road commences in Cascade on Prairie Avenue near the hotel. It is fourteen feet wide with an easy grade (the maximum only ten per cent.), and its length is about sixteen miles. It is the loftiest carriage drive (see engraving) in the world, and columns might be devoted to a description of its wonderful beauty. The scenery with every foot of progress is grand and soul inspiring, and to be rightly appreciated must be seen. As the road winds around the side of the mountain, over- looking the town and valley, a fine view is gained of Cascade, the mesas and the valley of the Fontaine. Two or three miles further up it enters the head of Cascade Canon, where the scenery is wild and romantic. Eight miles from Cascade the road passes into Glen Cove, a vast amphitheatre with a grassy pit, through which course two pretty streams. Near here is the Devil's Leap, a precipice 2,500 feet high. When twelve miles up, the road passes on to the Hayden Divide, and there, on a mountain spur from Pike's Peak, is Grand View. The traveler is stopped in his journey here by the power of the wonderful view before him. He pauses to look at the great plains stretching far out to the east. He picks out Colorado Springs, at the foot of the mountains, 8,000 feet below; Denver, seventy-five miles to the north, and Pueblo, fifty miles to the south. The course of the Arkansas River is traced and the smoke of the Santa Fe trains is seen for many miles out on the plains. Looking southwest the observer, if he is fortunate enough to be at Grand View when the Rio Grande train is passing over Marshall Pass, may see on the pass, at an alti- tude of 10,852 feet and ninety miles away, the smoke of the locomotive of a railroad train crossing the range. The superiority of this point for a view is not only in the fact that the views are more extensive and even better than the views had from the peak, but CARRIAGE WAY TO PIKE'S PEAK FROM CASCADE. also in the fact that the view is very seldom obstructed and the traveler is not as liable to be disappointed through clouds and storms as he is on the summit of the peak. 30 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. However, as the road continues from Grand View to the summit, the traveler can take both views and form his own conclusions: The view of Pike's Peak from Manitou Park (see engraving) is one of the finest of the many to be obtained of that majestic monarch of the Rockies, which (from this point of observation) towers in solitary grandeur above the lesser mountain ranges, and inter- vening valleys that are covered in summer with flowers and grasses, and fringed along their sides with forests of the fragrant spruce and pine. This lovely park is twenty A SUMMER SCENE CAMP LIFE IN CASCADE CANON. miles from Colorado Springs, and is reached by daily coaches connecting with the Mid- land Railway at its nearest station, only seven miles distant. It consists of a beautiful valley eight miles long and two wide. Through its entire length courses a sparkling stream, in which fhe mountain trout finds his home. Hunting is good for both large and small game, and within its limits are many elegant drives. Good accommodations here are furnished by a hotel and numerous cottages. GREEN MOUNTAIN FALLS — A CHARMING HEALTH AND PLEASURE RESORT. When the passenger over The Great Rock Island Route disembarks from its vestibule palace cars at Colorado Springs, he at once realizes that he is in a land of enchantment. The grand dome of Pike's Peak towers above him like the monarch it is among moun- tains. He breathes a new and invigorating atmosphere. The sky takes on a deeper blue, the sunlight is more bright and warm, the water, distilled from snows in Nature's COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 31 laboratory, is more pure and sparkling. Within sight and apparently but a stone's throw distant are Manitou, the Garden of the Gods, Cave of the Winds, Grand Caverns, the canons of Cheyenne and Bear Creek, the Ute Pass, Cameron's Cone and numberless fairy-like cascades, all within one or two hours' drive from the city. But none of the localities mentioned surpass in picturesque beauty and sanitary attractiveness the new, but already celebrated, resort known as Green Mountain Falls, of which we present elsewhere a full-page illustration. It even ranks in popular estimation with Manitou, -and in some respects is considered superior to it, although previous to 1889 it was unknown except to a few settlers in its immediate vicinity. It is accessible by carriage, but is more easily and economically reached by frequent trains on the broad- gauge Midland Railway, with whijh road The Rock Island makes close connections at Colorado Springs, from which city it is only fifteen miles distant. The route thither up the magnificent Ute Pass is one of the most romantic that can be imagined. The Mid- land, after leaving Manitou, courses along mountain sides far above the carriage-road, plunging into the very heart of the mountains, traversing eight tunnels within nine miles. By carriage or rail the traveler is regaled with a constant succession of surprises. YrOm the time he enters the pass until he- arrives at his destination he will view the grandest and most awe-inspiring scenes, such as would compensate him for a journey of a thousand miles to see. "As he approaches Green Mountain Falls'* (says an enthusiastic writer), " the valley widens out into a charming landscape, surrounded by towering peaks, with only the sky above, the Fontaine River and Midland track beneath, and lofty cliffs visible in the background. And here begins a panorama, kaleidoscopic in its ever-changing forms and colors, the won- der of one who sees, the despair of one who wishes to tell others what he saw," As a health resort, Green Mountain Falls has no superior even in Colorado. Its elevation of 8,000 feet assures a tem- perature in summer peculiarly beneficial to the needs of sufferers from asthma, hay fever, or consumption in its incipient stages. The air, tonic and pure, is laden with balsamic odors from adjacent pines. As shown in our engraving (faithfully executed from an original photograph), it is protected on every side from the intrusion of harsh winds or storms, mak- ing it desirable even as a place for winter residence. It is a natural park or valley, "FOSTER'S FALL," GREEN MOUNTAIN. inclosed by mountain ranges, forming a picturesque but secluded landscape. An almost perpendicular range runs along its western border and is covered thickly with pine and m COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 33 spruce from its base to its very crest. Down this evergreen mountain a stream of water plunges headlong from a dizzy height, and leaps from rock to rock until it is literally dashed into a silver spray and falls in a beautiful shower of sparkling gems at the foot of the mountains — hence its name " Green Mountain Falls." The nights here are cool and pleasant, and sleep is consequently sound and refreshing. Like its neighbor, Manitou, it also possesses iron and soda waters of rare virtue, considered to be among the best remedial agents of their class in the State. The numerous waterfalls in the vicinity constitute another element of attraction that stimulates to the healthful exercise of walking and climbing the Nature-loving tourist or visitor. Our pictures (Queen of the Canon and Foster's Fall) give an adequate idea of the extreme beauty of scores of similar cataractine-rushes of spark- ling water over huge rocks and through deep ravines — such as Hide and Seek Falls, Music Falls, Cable Falls (named after the President of the Rock Island system), Ever- yiEVJ IN MIDDLE PARK. MOUNTAIN STREAM AND DISTANT RANGE. green. Hermit, Bridal Veil Falls, the Cataracts, Grandview, Pilgrim Falls and others, all supremely grand, romantic and picturesque. Excursions over mountain trails or through the canons which pierce the rugged ranges, afford an endless variety of enchanting views, while from every stream the sportsman can pull the speckled trout, that fairly leap to the luring fly. Human art, taste, skill and liberal expenditures of money have intelligently sup- plemented the lavish favors of Nature, and made Green Mountain Falls, what it can now justly claim to be, a fashionable as well as sanitary resort for visitors from every country and clime. The accommodations here are ample, and adapted alike to the wants of the invalid and pleasure seeker. Last season, the rush was so great that scores of tents had to be improvised to meet the demand. An elegant three-story hotel in the most approved style of modern architecture has been erected at a cost (without furnishing) of $25,000. A lake, fed by mountain springs, has been constructed (covering five acres), with a handsome boat, house and an island pavilion where nightly the young people can indulge in the waltz and fascinating dance to the music of a selected orchestra, 34 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. whose services have been secured for the entire summer. Rustic seats have been pro- vided, and lawn and tennis grounds prepared. There is an excellent livery, and all possible means will be employed to make the sojourn of transient visitors or permanent guests a ceaseless round of comfort and healthful enjoyment. THE ATTRACTIVE MOUNTAIN TOWN OF BUENA VISTA. The town of Buena Vista (of which we pubUsh an illustrated view taken from a commanding point on the Midland Railway) is the seat of Chaffee County, the latter so named in honor of the late Jerome B. Chaffee, one of the pioneers of Colorado, and a man of remarkable abilit)'-, force of character and business sagacity, who in the field of politics attained a national reputation." Its situation is almost exceptional, when its healthful climate, superior drainage, beautiful surroundings and increasing importance as the center of a rich mining and agricultural district are considered. The trip is a delightful one from Chicago, via vestibule trains of the Rock Island, which connect for this point with the South Park division of the Union Pacific, the Colorado Midland or the Denver & Rio Grande Railways, at Denver or Colorado Springs. The Arkansas River, rushing down from the north between the park and Saguache ranges, enters a fertile valley, which stretches away south- ward twenty-eight miles, and attains a maximum breadth of about twelve miles. At various points, tributary streams from the surrounding mountains cross this park and empty into the river. It is estimated by an experienced engineer that there are 100,000 acres of land avail- able, when under irrigation, for agricultural purposes, and 350,000 which furnish a good "range" for stock within the confines of this valley. There are many prosperous ranches supplied with water from the mountain tributaries, but the greater part of this district still remains to be brought under cultivation by means of a pro- jected ditch, which is destined to use the warmer and more cibundant water of the Arkansas River. In the northern portion of this valley, where Cotton- wood Creek empties into the GRANITE WALLS AND BOULDERS IN ELEVEN MILE CANON.' river, nestles the picturesque town of Buena Vista. Westward, five miles distant, rise the celebrated trinity of "College Peaks," individuaHzed as Mounts Harvard, Princeton and COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 35 Yale, while the view south is limited by the snowy crests of the Sangre cle Cristo range. Its population is about 2,000 souls. Its most distinctive feature is its wonderful natural growth of trees. In the majority of towns at this altitude the vegetation is almost wholly and directly due to artificial irrigation. ' Here, however, the seepage from Cottonwood Creek and its affluents seems sufficient to make of this locality a very, oasis as compared with other less favored places. Cottonwood trees and giant pines (see group " Big Pines " in engraving) dot the landscape, while on the higher mesa lands, and even within the town limits, the picturesque pmon flourishes. The scenery from the town itself, which has an altitude of 7,700 feet, and from every " coig^ of vantage " that can be gained by walk or drive is superb, (See view of " Main Street Looking West" in engraving.) The college peaks (already mentioned) attain an altitude of over LOCH IVANHOE " NEAR THE CREST OF THE SNOWY RANGE. 14,000 feet, Mt. Harvard rising 14,311 feet, being the second in height of the Rocky Mountains. For the tourist and invalid, Buena Vista offers especial attractions, both as a sum- mer resort and as a permanent place of residence. Experience has shown that the cities lying east of the mountain ranges are subject to the parching winds which sweep from the plains, bringing with them clouds of fine dust. To those afflicted with pulmon- ary or catarrhal troubles, this acts as a frequent source of irritation. While Buena Vista is situated in a valley of sufficient breadth to feel the cooling mountain breezes, the various ranges by which it is surrounded protect it from violent wind storms m the summer and severe snows in winter. The most celebrated drive in this vicinity is, jf>ar excellence, that to Cottonwood Lake, eleven miles west. This mountain gem, in its rough setting of towering crags and peaks, lies in the South Cottonwood Pass. The road is first-class and safe, and ■■■■■i^i MM WA '■:'' COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 37 furnishes views of unrivaled beauty and grandeur. At the lake, the tourist or sportsman will find boats and excellent trout fishing, and the creek, which takes its name and rise from these waters, and which runs directly through the town will repay the skill of anyone who can cast a fly. Near the summit of the southernmost of Mt. Princeton's three peaks, at an altitude of about 12,000 feet, is situated the Hortense mine. This is not now in operation, but the road remains in good condition, and though no longer a highway for precious metals, furnishes a wonderful drive for those in search of the grandeur of Rocky Mountain scenery. The distance to the summit is eleven miles, and the view from it commands the Arkansas Valley, Salida, Poncha, the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, and to the east South Park and Pike's Peak, 100 miles away. A drive or about twenty miles is fur- nished by the road encircling Gold Hill, from which the best views of the College peaks and the Sagau- Qhe range are ob- tained, as well as of the Buffalo peaks, which lie north of the town. The Twin Lakes, twenty-five miles north, have ob- tained a great cele- brity. The larger lake is about two and one- half miles long and one and one-half wide, and is separated from the smaller by a nar- row strip of land, upon which a beautiful drive is built. Al- though for many years known to sportsmen as furnishing good fishing grounds, they are annually gaining in favor with all classes of travelers. Excellent hotel and boating accommoda- tions are provided. In addition to those men- tioned, there are man\ more drives penetrat ing the various moun- tain passes, and running north or south in the valley on safe and agreeable roads. SNOWY RANGE FROM THE BIG PINES NEAR BUENA VISTA. Silver, copper and gold mines lie within easy distance, and the celebrated quarries, from which the granite for the Topeka capitol is now being cut, will repay inspection. 38 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. As Buena Vista is famous for its cottonwoods and pinons, as well as streams, the walks in its vicinity are unsurpassed. There are many leading to places impossible to reach by carriage, or even on horseback, where the pedestrian will find delightful nooks rivahng in sylvan beauty the famous resorts of New England. An elegant hotel, with all modern improvements, named "The Princeton," is situated on Main street, fronting the public park and Cottonwood Creek, and commands superb views of all the neigh- boring mountains. Sportsmen find this the best starting place for the hunting and fishing grounds of Taylor Park, the South Park and Twin Lake regions. This town also has a complete svstem of water works and the electric light. In brief, tourists and summer and fall visitors can obtain good accommodations here at reasonable prices, can gaze on all varieties of scenery typical of Colorado, while the invalid can enjoy here pure air, pure water, a genial climate, medicinal springs, and every conceivable comfort. Sectional views in "Eleven Mile Canon" (see illustrations) give one an idea of the rugged beauty of the interior gorges of the Rocky Mountains and the apparently insur- mountable difficulties which modern engineering science has successfully overcome. MAIN STREET, LOOKING WEST BUENA VISTA. This canon is on the Midland Railway, and derives its name from the fact that it is just eleven miles long. It is traversed by trains of the Midland en route to South Park. It commences about three miles west of Florissant (seventy miles from Colorado Springs), a place noted for its wonderful petrifactions and other natural curiosities. The scenery is that which characterizes other canons — great masses of rock piled (Ossa upon Pelion) hundreds of feet above a turbulent torrent, forever dashing in fury against the immov- able granite walls on either side, and through which it has grooved a channel centuries old, in the never-ending warfare of its progress to the plains below. Emerging from this canon, the train speeds its way through twenty miles of hay farms and meadows in the beautiful South Park until it reaches Hartzell, the next stopping place, distinguished for the remedial efficacy of its hot springs, and destined in the future to become a deserv- edly popular resort. " Loch Ivanhoe " (see engraving) is a lovely lake that nestles near the summit of the Snowy range, on the verge of its western slope. It bursts upon the vision first as the traveler emerges from the famous " Hagerman Tunnel " — a stupendous bore that is 2,164 feet long, 18 feet wide, 16 feet high and hewed through solid rock at an altitude of COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 39 11,530 feet. Its waters are clear and pure, and on its surface are reflected tall, stalwart trees, the cool, gray summits of the adjacent mountains mirrored in its centre, forming a strong, yet agreeable, contrast to the dark green of the pines. Truly says a great artist, " The peerless empire of form and color is found in Colorado." On every side, except- ing at its narrow outlet, appear the towering hills of. the main range, those to the north being the apexes of the Continental Divide, whose snowy crests rise almost perpendicu- larly more than a thousand feet above. On the south and southeast the mountains are GLEN WOOD SPRINGS, BATH HOUSE, AND NATATORIUM. covered with dense growths of pine, and on the west is the opening through which the " Frying Pan " (a name suggestive of the speckled trout that find in its swift current a congenial home), debouches into the valley below. Here are the favorite picnic grounds for camping outfits from Leadville, Aspen, Colorado Springs and other cities. THE QUEEN OF MOUNTAIN RESORTS. Glenwood Springs (see above illustration) in the beauty of its location and natural surroundings is unsurpassed, while as the chosen Mecca for visitors of ample means and leisure, it is already proving a formidable rival of its elder sister, Manitou. It is situated at the. confluence of the Grand River with the Roaring Fork, in a picturesque 40 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. valley, surrounded'on the north, east and west by timber-clad hills. In 1885 it had but about 200 inhabitants. This number rapidly augmented upon the completion of the Midland Railway to that point, and the town now has over 2,500 population. Its altitude is about the same as that of Denver— 5,200 feet. It is built on a plateau that slopes gently from the mountains on the east to the rivers which border it on the west and south, tnus affording it perfect natural drainage. The streets, intersecting at right angles, are broad and regular. The majority of its business and residence structures are of brick, and of a substantial and handsome character. It is lighted by incandescent electric illuminators, and has a system of water works which is all that could be desired. Only a few years ago this place was a part of the Indian reservation, and but a very few men knew of the existence of the marvelous mineral springs which have since BATHING ESTABLISHMENT AND HOTEL made it famous far and near. So soon, however, as the country was opened up to settle- ment, the site of Glenwood Springs and lands surrounding it were immediately taken up and some improvements made. But two or three years more elapsed before the wonders of the mineral waters in this locality and the fertility and material resources of its adjacent valleys became generally known. Then the town was laid out and fine build- ings erected, although at the time all material had to be transported thither across the range in heavy wagons or on the backs of mules. A year subsequent, the extension to this point of excellent systems of railway, splendidly equipped for the carrying of passengers and freight, gave it all the requisite facilities of access and egress, and made patent to the outside world its numberless attractive resources. In addition to the charm of lovely landscapes, the dash and sparkle of cascades upon resounding rocks, the indescribable grandeur of mountain scenery, the drives and walks through valleys and canons, the climbing of mountain sides or ascent of peaks, COLORADO CITIES AND PLACEb. 41 and the choicest grounds in the world for hunting and fishing in its vicinity to allure and gratify the summer visitor, Glenwood Springs now possesses elegantly appointed hotels, replete with every convenience, and boasts of the most complete sanitarium and bathing establishment on this continent, and we doubt, all things considered, if any country in the world has anything of the kind that surpasses it. The thermal springs of this section are numerous. Some of them, in the bottom for the Grand River, at high water mark are submerged. The outflow of ten of the large springs is about 8,000 gallons per minute, or twenty times as much as all the fifty-seven springs at Hot Springs, in Arkansas, com- bined. One, called the Yampa, is located on an island in the river channel, which has now been elevated above the reach of high water and converted into a beautiful garden spot, on whose surface a mammoth sanita- rium and bathing estabUshment has been 57-£/iAf bath in "BIG POOL" erected. In the rear of this commodious structure (an accurate view of which is given in our last page engraving) is the " Big Pool," a natatorium copiously supplied with a constant influx of hot salt water. Some of the valuable leading elements of the waters, as demonstrated by analysis, are: Chloride of sodium, magnesia (twenty-six grains per gallon), sulphate of potassia, bicarbonate of lithia, bromide and iodide of sodium, and other salts held in solution, the combination having proved remarkably efficacious in the alleviation and cure of many classes of ailments. Upon persons of robust or even moderately good health these hot salt baths have a most refreshing and exhilarating effect, acting both as a tonic and a stimulant. The elegant sanitarium or bath house absorbed in its construction over $100,000 of 5250,000 appropriated for local improvements. It is a large building, set in a beautiful park on the banks of the river, with terraced lawns, in the midst of picturesque walks and pleasant drives, the mountains forming a sombre background for a picture at all times cheerful and animated. Its walls are of solid masonry, the red sandstone of the Canon Diablo being the material used. The partitions for halls and bath rooms are of pressed brick of a deep red and light cream hue, the two colors making a very pleasant contrast. The ladies' parlor, the physician's office, the smoking and reading rooms, are large and airy, commanding fine views of the mountains, valleys and rivers. The bath rooms are large, light and well ventilated, and their furnishing is of the best. The tubs are porcelain, as are also the large plates which protect the adjacent walls. Each bath room is supplied with dressing apartments and other conveniences separate from the bath proper. The arrangement for supplying the bath tubs with both mineral and pure water at different temperatures is the result of months of study and experiment, and the results achieved are as nearly perfect as possible. The pipes used are selected for their special adaptation to the mineral waters, as are all the materials which come in contact with them. The attendants are prompt, courteous and efficient — the medical adviser skillful and experienced. 42 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. The " Big Pool," or natatorium, covers about ah acre, and the water it contains is graduated from a depth of four and one-half to five and one-half feet. It is enclosed by a low wall of red sandstone, and has a bottom of pressed brick. Near the centre of this immense swimming pool the hot water, like a miniature geyser (see vignette), forces itself, in jets of steam, to the surface. Here, during the season, hundreds of people gather every evening and eagerly avail themselves of the opportunity to enjoy a swim in the tepid waters, while as many more promenade along the bordering walks, watch- ing with delight the sportive antics of the bathers. It may seem incredible that, with- out discomfort or danger to health, one can indulge in the luxury of a swim in a large body of hot salt water in the very heart of the mountains, exposed to the night air, at any season of the year, but a plunge in this pool, whether in AuL';ust or December, will ENTRANCE TO THE CANON OF THE GRAND. convince, through the senses of sight and feeling, the. most skeptical. The hot water (120° Fahrenheit) pours into this pool at the rate of 4,000 gallons per minute, this inflow being reduced to the requisite temperature by the admission of cold water. The Canon of the Grand commences at the very edge of Glenwood Springs and courses for sixteen miles through massive mountains, the walls on either side rising terrace above terrace in serried ranks, at some points shooting up to a height of 2,000 feet in towering columns and gigantic turrets. The canon is pervaded by sombre still- ness, broken only by the unceasing roar of the torrent that plunges between. The sunlight touches the summits of its lofty pines, but never penetrates its deep recesses, where the awful shadow of darkness rests, solemn and undisturbed. In the above illus- tration a view is presented of the entrance of this canon, which is one of the most magnificent in the State. In the right foreground, indications are observable of one of the natural vapor baths in this section, which are singular freaks of nature, dense volumes of medicated steam rising from the super-heated mineral waters beneath. COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 43 The scenic wonders of a large area of country tributary to Glenwood Springs are as varied and striking as they are numerous. No Name Canon is only three miles distant, through which the waters of a creek rush headlong to plunge into the depths of the River Grand. Though small in size, it is a local feature of rare beauty, its beetling crags covered with whispering pines. Up the Grand River, Grizzly Canon discloses another gorge, wild and awe-inspiring. Un either side, perpendicular cliffs tower high in the air. The bottom is a huge aggregation of boulders and rough blocks of stone that have fallen, among which spruces and pines have grown to stately proportions, and through these obstructions dashes the creek, a mass of foam. A rough trail winds along its side, affording views of extraordinary beauty and impressiveness. For ten or DOME ROCK IN ELEVEN MILE CANON."' twelve miles the canon extends into the mountain fastnesses. Its upper end is yet the home, of the bear, while in the stream of this and other canons are myriads of trout. Dead Horse Canon, still further up the Grand River, is reached, not without laborious climbing over rock slides and along huge fragmentary walls, but when attained the -hardy pedestrian will be amply rewarded for his efforts. The Meteor Falls are two miles above the mouth of this canon, and are said to be the most singularly beautiful of all the wonderful waterfalls of the Rocky Mountains. A clear, sparkling stream comes plunging down the canon to a point where there is no longer rock for it to flow upon. Instead of bounding over the precipice, the waters sink into diverging crevices in the rock, and, emerging through different apertures in the face of the wall, below the brink, spurt in a score of separate jets, falling in a shower of flashing white to the bottom 44 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. of the canon. Another object of admiring interest is "Alexander's Cave," where the stalactite and other formations are on a much grander scale than have hitherto been discovered in similar caverns in Colorado, From the summit of the mountain, which towers skyward just east of Glenwood Springs, and which is reached after a walk of three miles over a good trail, a glorious landscape unfolds itself to the gaze of the delighted tourist. The town spreads out at the base 2,000 feet below. For seventy miles east extends a chain of the glistening snow -crowned peaks of the continental divide. To the north stretches the great White River Plateau. Looking south fifty miles over the intervening valleys of the Roaring Fork and Crystal rivers, the lofty summits of the Elk range are seen, while west the eye spans the valley of the Grand River to the Book Cliffs, whose majestic outlines, ninety miles distant, are clearly defined. The distance from Denver to Glenwood Springs is 220 miles, and the scenery en route by either the Denver & Rio Grande or Midland Rail- way is grand beyond description. IDAHO SPRINGS AND ITS SURROUNDINGS. Idaho Springs is located at a point distant only thirty-eight miles from Denver, where Clear Creek Canon debouches upon a wide, open plateau. Its altitude is 7,500 feet above sea level. It nestles in a basin, encircled on nearly all sides by mountains; north by the towering "Belleview," and south by gently receding ranges, gashed by gorges cut by the waters of Chicago and Soda creeks. Beyond the nearer mountains we catch glimpses of the Alpine glory of remoter peaks. As a health resort, it is admirably situated. Its climate renders it very desirable as a place of permanent residence — its atmosphere being unusually free from moisture, and especially soothing to those suffering from bronchial troubles. There is no extreme cold here in winter, and the average temperature is 80° in summer. There are no soaking rainfalls, but rather brief showers, which come abruptly and as quickly pass away, followed by clear and sunny skies. The Autumn months are, if possible, the most enjoyable of any in the year, and out-door weather is charming up to Christmas. Snow begins to fall usually in December, and continues till March, but the aggregate is not heavy. A week's continuous sleighing is unusual, and nowhere else in the world does winter assume and maintain a more bland and inviting aspect. This village is older than Manitou, and has a resident population of 2,000 enterpris-. ing and public-spirited citizens. The school building here is a fine edifice that cost $20,000, and has a competent corps of instructors in charge. There are three denom- inational houses of worship; business blocks of modern build; an electric light system put in at an expense of $12,000; an ample supply of delicious water distributed through wooden pipes from a reservoir on Soda Hill; hotel and livery accommodations of the best and fully commensurate to the requirements of a large watering place; residences uniformly tasteful, and, in many instances, costly and elegant. The hot mineral waters here, that flow from nature's fountains in the mountain's side, justly merit the wide popularity they have obtained. Their owner, Mr. H. Mon- tague, gives them his personal supervision, and has erected, within easy walking distance of the principal hotels, a large natatorium, with dressing rooms and every desirable convenience. At all seasons of the year, his place is thronged with delighted visitors, plunging, swimming ..nd disporting themselves in the tepid waters, which are kept fresh and pure from a constant inflowing stream. There are several hot springs, 46 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. occupying a belt of land at the foot ot Santa Fe mountain, with bath houses near at hand, the swimming pools, however, being the most liberally patronized. The curative properties of the waters resemble and are claimed to be as efficacious as those of Carlsbad, and are found beneficial in a wide range of maladies, being especially useful in the treatment of disordered conditions of the blood and skin, stomach, liver and urinary organs. "The Hot Cavern" is famous among objects of interest in this vicinity. It is an excavation twelve feet high, penetrating Santa Fe mountain about seventy feet. At its extreme end rises a fountain of hot mineral water, the source of supply for a large bath hollowed out of the rock floor. The air is extremely hot and heavily laden with vapor. The first effect is almost stifling, but when that sensation wears away the visitor receives all the benefits to be derived from a Turco-Russian bath. Rheumatic and paralytic patients are in many instances cured and rejuvenated by this treatment. From the surroundings of Idaho Springs, the appreciative tourist derives a constant and ever increasing pleasure. The "Chicago Lakes" (reached by a short drive), immortalized in Bierstadt's great picture of "A Storm in the Rocky Mountains," are the highest on the continent. They are three in number, rising one above the other, the uppermost being at so great a height that it is frozen over all the year round. The first, or lowest one, is connected with the second above by a stream that rushes over it in a foaming torrent — the water of the unfrozen lakes being clear as crystal and their limpid depths alive with trout. Far above them tower huge cliffs, crags and rifted ledges, that offer a secure retreat for mountain sheep and deer when hunted by the prowling lion or bear. The adjacent piney woods are the haunts of wild quail, chattering mag- pies and snow-shoe rabbits. " Echo Lake," nine miles from the Springs, reposes in its rock-scooped basin at an altitude of 10,000 feet. It covers fifty acres, and is surrounded by a dense forest of pines. It has been stocked with trout, and is already a favorite resort for sportsmen. GEORGETOWN, GREEN LAKE AND GRAY'S PEAK VIA CLEAR CREEK CANON. The tourist arriving at the Union Railway Station in Denver, in the elegant Vesti- bule Express Trains of The Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway, will find a journey up Clear Creek Canon both a pleasant and profitable experience. The Colorado Central (U. P. Branch), which penetrates the once deemed impassable heights and depths of the mountains up this picturesque canon, was the first of its kind constructed in Colorado, and when completed was considered, what it still is, and ever will be, a remarkable achievement of engineering skill. The road bed of this line was blasted through one of the wildest and most pictur- esque gorges in Colorado. Clear Creek Canon is a marvelous cliff, worn through solid rock by the torrent that roars and dashes along its channel with the same impetuous fury as it did thousands of years ago. The sides of the canon, worn by the incessant attrition of waters, assume a thousand grotesque forms, frequently rising from 500 to 1,500 feet high, over which a narrow strip of sky only can be seen. In places the stately pine and fir grow thickly, and soften the ruggedness of the steep incline. Inter- secting gullies are also sometimes crossed, through which rivulets course, sparkling in the sunlight as it strikes across and relieves with its brightness the otherwise gloomy grandeur of the scene. COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 47 At the thriving city of Golden (fifteen miles from Denver), once a prosperous min- ing- camp, the ascent up the magnificent gorge begins and continues for sixty miles through marvels of scenery, whose majestic beauty and grandeur no word painting can adequately describe. The road closely hugs the channel worn by the mountain torrent which for centuries has madly plunged down this mighty chasm. Approaching the " Pavilion " (often frequented by summer excursionists from Denver), the jagged over- hanging cliff (portrayed in our engraving below) is observed. It is but one of the hundreds of characteristic rock features that challenge attention as the traveler glides along the grim mountain walls, which are at times close enough to touch with the hand as he passes by. The steepness to be surmounted is shown by the grade, up which the engine labors so sturdily, which at some points is 217 feet to the mile. At Forks Creek, twenty-nine miles from Denver and 6,880 feet above sea level, one branch of the road shoots ofiF to the right to Central City and Black Hawk, eleven miles distant. The other continues on to Idaho Springs, a charming little town, briefly described in the next previous chapter. Here we reach an altitude of 7,543 feet, a rise of 2 378 feet in thirty-eight miles from Denver. The next fourteen miles to Georgetown (like the previous dis- tance) is made on the fast schedule time of fifteen miles an hour, and the passenger will think this quite fast enough. The engines puff and hiss and tremble as they struggle with their load, and cross from one side of the canon to the other, now dodging behind a gigantic boulder; now creeping under a threatening ledge of rocks; then sud- denly rushing to the other side to get a foothold on the narrow shelf at the water's edge, crowding closely to the flinty walls of the beetling cliffs, which rise hundreds of feet above the stream and form many a dome and battlement at their summits. Georgetown (a view of which from a point on the old Empire toll-road overlooking the valley is given on next page) is a city of 4,000 people, who are chiefly engaged in mining and its kin- dred occupations. It is surrounded on three sides by mountains, and glistens like a gem in silver setting. Two miles beyond and 2,000 feet higher is the beau- tiful "Green Lake" (elsewhere por- trayed), which is within easy reach of Georgetown, " In soundless calm (says an enthusi- astic eulogist) it peacefully reposes at an altitude of 10,000 feet above the humdrum world. Caught up and held by the rugged majesty of the mountains, its beauty HANGING ROCK," IN CLEAR CREEK CANON. 48 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. VlEy^ OF GEORGETOWN, COLORADO, FROM THE OLD EMPIRE TOLL ROAD. COLORADO CITIES AND PL ACES. 49 subdues and softens the great heart of the Rockies, and gives a touch of tenderness and watchfulness to the great peaks that guard its loveliness. On the near shore stand comfortable and convenient houses, a good wharf, well supplied with boats, while its serene and untroubled depths give a home to thousands of mountain trout. ' Although the lake is clear and translucent, clearer than any simile of crystal can express, the basin that holds it is green; the sand is green; the moss that chngs to the rocks or idly floats to the sport of the ripples is green, and even the tiny drops that fall from the feathering oar bear the same inexplicable tinge that has given this wondrous lake its name. Always beautiful, yet it is only in the declining hours of the day that Green Lake gives a gleam of its spectral and wondrous depths. Then through its clear waters is seen the buried forest, with its stately trees turned to stone, still erect, but GREEN LAKE,'' NEAR GEORGETOWN; 10,000 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL. the tall heads and branches that once bended only to the mountain breezes, now lie in the depth of the lake in the unutterable stillness of the dead." This lake is alive with mountain trout, and, while in itself amply repaying the tourist for a visit, is within easily accessible. points in the mountains of equal, if not superior, mterest, where excellent hunting, as well as fishing, can be had, and views of the grandest scenery obtained. About seven miles away is the famous Argentine Pass, to the summit of which a good wagon road, the highest on the continent, extends. From the top of this pass, before the eye of the astonished visitor, lies spread out a grand pan- orama. Range after range of snow-capped peaks are visible, many of which lift their lofty summits far above timber line. Just in front is Gray's Peak, one of the loftiest in Colorado. Away to the west rises the Mount of the Holy Cross, while far toward the south, seventy-five miles distant, Pike's Peak lifts its solitary head. 50 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. Still nearer, seemingly at one's feet, but really miles away, is the South Park, one of the great natural gardens of Colorado, surrounded by high mountains; while off to the east, in the hazy distance, lie the plains, stretching away in the direction of the Mis- souri. Mt. Evans is only six miles from Green Lake, and has about the same elevation as Gray's Peak, the view from its summit being almost as fine. It is quite easy of access. An excellent trail also leads to Highland Park, a favorite picnic resort, four miles distant from Green Lake. One of the chief objects of interest after leaving George- town is the " Bow Knot Loop," by means of which the most THE SUMMIT OF "GRAY'S PEAK." difficult possible grades are surmounted, and the train, repeatedly doubling on its track, at last gains an ascent necessary to reach Silver Plume and the terminus of the road at Graymont. From this point the ascent to the majestic summit of Gray's Peak (see vignette) can be made with little difficulty and no danger. The locality, when reached, is a bleak, barren spot and by no means inviting, even as a summer residence. But the infinitely grand and com- prehensive view it commands on all sides (unsurpassed even by that to be witnessed from Pike's Peak) when once seen can never be forgotten. Those who have traversed the globe admit that it affords but one such prospect. " In every direction," (says an enthusiastic writer), " spurs of the Rocky Mountains bewilder the eye till remoteness swallows them up. Pike's Peak is a neighbor; Lin- coln's and Long's seem near. The smoke of a score of towns is seen. Every park in the State may be located. Rivers can be traced from source to mouth. Eastward are the plains — a waterless ocean — each town a fleet, each home a sail, each grove an island. A dozen peaks over 14,000 feet high are visible. The ' Holy Cross,' like a sacred seal, glints in the sunlight miles away. The Uintah Mountains (in Utah) are faint, but dis- tinct, and so are the Spanish peaks, which keep watch at the line between Colorado and New Mexico. To see the sun rise here is a tourist's triumph. Gradually the stars fade out, and Gray's Peak (the grim, granite monarch) shines with borrowed luster, giving back faintly the glow of the coming morning. A thousand mountains turn rosy before Aurora's approach, and then burst into responsive radiance as she asserts full sway. The valley below is covered up in darkness, until the light that quenches the stars falls upon it. The landscape, at first but a vast expanse without shape or limit, resolves itself into an army of mountains, gathered in stupendous array about this ' Dome of the Continent.' " PLATTE CANON, LONG'S PEAK AND ESTES PARK. Among our illustrations (all of which are engraved from photographs taken on the spot) are two designated respectively, " Chalk Cliffs " and the " Mouth of Deer Creek." These are located in Platte Canon, onq of the most ^^randly^ beautiful of the many COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 5i gorges of the Rocky Mountains — carved by the resistless energy of torrents which have forced their way through granite cliffs to the plains below with a fury that cen- turies of time have not abated. This canon is traversed by the Denver & South Park (U. P. branch), whose trains leave daily from the Union Railway Depot in Denver. The road enters the canon where the Platte River leaves it, about twenty miles from the city. Its general aspect resembles that of Clear Creek. It is the same in being a rocky chasm and its bed a rushing stream, but different in its wild contour. The entrance is between lofty and forbidding walls, the steep ascent of Kenosha Hill revealing scenic surprises, as wonderful and Alpine in character as can be imagined — and these con- tinue a distance of fifty miles (affording occasional space for picturesque little hamlets, where trout and game are abundant) until the magnificently spacious South Park is reached. The curves of the track are at times so abrupt as it climbs upward that the train seems as if it was about to dash against the face of opposing cliffs, but clinging to 'CHALK CLIFFS," ROCK FORMATIONS IN THE PLATTE CANON. the heavy steel rails, and dragged and propelled at times by double engines, it turns suddenly and passes in safety. The way through the canon is marked by a rapid suc- cession of sharp curves, close to the overhanging rocks, often crossing the Platte River. In places the brows of the cliffs on either side are so near as almost to exclude the sun- light. The singular rock formations, and the terrific natural forces which created and fashioned them, constitute themes for study and research of which the geologist never wearies. We give two illustrations of views in Estes Park, one from " Rocky Point" and the other from what is called " Frank's Ranch." In the latter the pure stream of water sprawling over sparkling pebbles, in the foreground, and the wild beauty of its immedi- ate surroundings, with the snow-covered range in the far distance, form a picture as harmonious in combination and exquisite in detail as an Arcadian dream. The view from Rocky Point is equally as grand and comprehensive. Estes Park is a favorite health and pleasure resort for citizens of Denver and the near valley towns. Portions of it are like wide expanses of meadow land — emerald gems in a rock setting. It abounds in gentle declivities, dark pines, and beautiful paths leading up from open 51 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. glades to picturesque canons that invite and reward the curiosity of those who explore their depths. Its clear brooks, fed by snow-banks high up on the mountain sides, and filled with speckled trout, unite in one stream, the Big Thompson Creek, which, breaking through the hills, winds its way out among the fertile fields on the plains be- low. The keynote that adds an element of sublimity to the pictorial beauty of scenes in this park is the eternal, overawing presence of Long's Peak (named after one of the early explorers of the country), one of the three mighty monarchs of the range (Pike's Peak, Gray's Peak and Long's Peak), which first challenges the admiration and rivets the attention of strangers arriving in Denver. The peaks named are respectively 14,147, 14,341 and 14,271 feet high. Long's Peak is to the city of Denver what Pike*^ SCENE IN "ESTES PARK," AND "SNOWY RANGE" FROM "FRANK'S RANCH." Peak is to Colorado Springs, the most conspicuous object of the entire mountain range extending a distance of 200 miles north and south. What is said of the parks of Colorado in general, is particularly appropriate to Estes Park. " To fully understand them they must be seen. No description can do them justice, and neither the skill of a Bierstadt or Moran could picture their pure atmosphere, nor reproduce their colors and forms. In the city a park is a huge square, with trees in checker-board primness, where the lakes have fish as tame as chickens ; the animals are in cages, and are neither attractive nor natural. But how different a mountain park ! The range kindly parts to give it room, and shields it in its great arms. There are grassy hills and dales, where feed the noblest game, and trees which shelter birds of plumage and song. The lakes — some of them miles in length — are rippled by the coming and going of ducks and geese. The streams bear along, eager COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. 53 for the bait of the angler, their speckled loads of trout, most delicious as they brown over the evening's coals. There are no precise graveled walks, and no elaborate foun- tains, but the footfall is lost on the turf, and springs gush forth with sparkling tune to gladden the thirsty with a liquid such as never ran through the rusty pipes of a city. The altitude gives coolness without chill, and warmth without oppressive heat." Estes Park has an area of ten miles square, with an average elevation of 8,000 feet above sea level. In the opinion of many it is the most beautiful representative and MOUTH OF "deer CREEK," IN PLATTE CANON. type of the wonderful Colorado park system. It is only sixty miles from Denver. Passengers landing in this capital and chief metropolis of Colorado by THE ROCK ISLAND Route can take the train which leaves daily (except Sundays) for Loveland, connecting with through stages from that point to destination. Visitors stop for dinner about noon at Rattlesnake Park, after an incomparable drive over one of the most wild and pic- turesque mountain roads, and reach the park about 5 o'clock in the afternoon. The stage ride, with its superb views, is alone worth the trip. At one point on the line over thirty-five lakes among the foothills and on the plains can be seen from the coach. From the top of Bald Mountain and Pole Hill, views are obtained of the lovely valleys of the Cache la Poudre, the Big Thompson and St. Vrain. The view of Estes Park 54 COLORADO CITIES AND PLACES. iand Snowy Range from Park Hill, just before the descent is made, is one of the grand- est scenes to be witnessed in the Rocky Mountains. There are plentiful accommoda- tions in the park of every kind, and at reasonable prices. Excursion parties are frequent in summer, and the visitors from " at home " an^ abroad are numerous. Many people from neighboring towns and cities are in the habit of taking their families and friends by private conveyance to Estes Park, carrying along their own provisions and tent equipage, and camping by some of the delightful streams so numerous there, where they can rest, recuperate, hunt or fish, sketch or paint, and enjoy for the time being, as best suits their individual tastes, an entire forget- f ulness of business and its cares. A carriage drive from Denver to the very summit of 'ESTES PARK," WE "SNOWY RANGE" AND "LONG'S PEAK" FROM ROCKY POINT." Long's Peak is practicable, though the rail and stage mode of conveyance is less fatiguing. The ascent of the peak itself is somewhat difficult, though the way has been made comparatively smooth by graded roads. It is a day's journey, but the ambitious visitor will be amply compensated for his trouble, for there is no other point of vantage in the great mountain chain that gives at once a more glorious vision of cloud, park and plain. The view covers an extent of 400 miles, taking in every prominent peak of the San Juan, Sangre de Christo, Saguache, Wood River and other great continental ranges. •^ SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. The following comprises a few of the many other Mineral Springs in Colorado (not mentioned in preceding chapters) which are credited with rare medicinal virtues, and are situated amid surroundings of extraordinary scenic beauty : PARNASSUS SPRINGS (muriated alkaline water); 12 miles southwest from Pueblo. CLARK'S MAGNETIC SPRING (a short drive from that city); a specific for Bright's disease. CARLISLE SPRINGS ; on the Arkansas river, 20 miles above Pueblo. TRIMBLE HOT SPRINGS; 9 miles north of Durango, in the Arkansas valley. At WAGON WHEEL GAP ; mineral springs of hot and cold water, baths and swimming reservoirs. SODA SPRINGS ; a 5 mile boulevard drive from Leadville. COTTONWOOD SPRINGS ; carriage drive, 6 miles from Buena Vista. ANTELOPE SPRINGS ; stage, 20 miles from Wagon Wheel Gap. PAGOSA HOT SPRINGS; near old Fort Lewis (the "big medicine" of the Utes), 28 miles northwest of Amargo. PONCH A HOT SPRINGS (over 50) ; southwest of Salida 5 miles. WELLSVILLE HOT SPRINGS ; by stage down the Arkansas river 6 miles from Salida. COLD AND HOT SPRINGS ; within suburban limits of Canon City. UNCOMPAHGRE HOT SODA SPRINGS at Ouray ; stage from Silverton and Montrose. OTAH SPRINGS ; near Del Norte, in the San Luis valley. SULPHUR SPRINGS at La Veta, 75 miles south ofPueblo. MAGNETIC SPRINGS at Durango. At RED CREEK, about 36 miles west of Pueblo, distinct springs of soda, iron, magnesia, arsenic, pure water and sulphur. STEAMBOAT SPRINGS ; 70 miles from Russell Station, by stage ; 60 springs, including sulphur, magnesia, iron and soda, varying from hot to cold. SULPHUR SPRINGS, hot and cold, at Middle Park, by stage from Georgetown, 46 miles. ^ Hotel flccoMMOPfliiorts. H For the information of tourists and intending visitors to Colorado during the Sum- mer and Fall seasons of 1890, we append herewith a list of the leading hotels and restaurants in some of its principal cities and resorts, with the names, in most instances, of their proprietors or managers (to whom orders for rooms or inquiries can be ad- dressed), the rates charged per day or week, and the nature of accommodations provided. DENiZER WINDSOR ; 250 rooms ; rates, $3.00, $3.50, $4.00, $4.50 per day. Bush & Morse. Proprieiorg. THE ALBANY ; 150 rooms and 50 baths ; $3.00, $3.50 and $4.00 per day. S. B. Morgan & Co., Proprietors. ST. JAMES ; 125 rooms ; $2..50 to $3.50 per day ; baths extra. W. C. Furst, Proprietor. AMERICAN : 125 rooms ; $2.00, $2.50 and $3.00 per day. W. F. Sperry, Proprietor. HENSHAW'S EUROPEAN (cafe attached); 125 rooms; 75c. to $1.50 per day. Joe Henshaw & Co., Proprietors. GIBBS HOUSE (cafe attached); 70 rooms ; $1.00. $1.50, $2.00 per day ; with board, $2.00, $2.50, $3.00 per day. VICTOR ; 75 rooms ; $2.00 to $3.00 per day. GLENARM ; 150 rooms ; $2.00, $2.50, $3.00 per day. MARKHAM ; 118 rooms ; $2.50 to $3.00 per day. HOTEL BRUNSWICK (European plan); 75 rooms; 75c. to $1.50 per day without board, UNION ; 82 rooms ; $1.50 to $2.00 per day. RESTAURANTS: TORTONI, SPA, NELSON'S.— Each short orders only. COOK'S, meals 25c., board $4.00 to $5.00 per week. COLORADO SPRINGS THE ANTLERS ; 125 rooms ; $4.00 to $6.00 per day ; '!21.00 to $28.00 per week. E. Barnett, Proprietoi . ALTA VISTA (a famUy hotel); 50 rooms; $3.00 per day; $14.00 to $20.00 per week. H. H. Stevens, Proprietor, GRAND VIEW ; 30 rooms ; $2.00 to $3.00 per day ; $12.50 to $20.00 per week. B. P. Feltwell, Proprietor. THE ALAMO ; IS") rooms ; $3.00 to $4.00 per day ; $12.00 to $20.00 per week. J. M. Sellers, Proprietor. SPAULDING HOUSE ; 90 rooms ; $1.25 to $1.50 per day ; $5.00 to $8.00 per week. John Himebaugh, Proprietor. ELK HOTEL; 102 rooms ; $1.50 to $2.00 per day ; $6.50 to $9.00 per week. DEPOT HOTEL ; 40 rooms ; $2.00 per day. E. F. Clark, Proprietor. PUEBLO -• ST. TAMES ; 75 rooms ; rates $2.50 to $3.00 per day. F. S. Harris & Co.. Proprietors. GRAND ; 120 rooms ; rates $3.00 to $4.00 per day ; $15.00 per week. W. W. Palmer, Proprietor. SOUTHERN ; 73 rooms ; rates $2.50 to $3.00 per day ; $8.00 per week. A. Purdy, Proprietor, FIFTH AVENUE ; 75 rooms ; $2.50 to $3.00 per day ; $10.00 per week. Borland & Co., Proprietors. FARRIS ; 72 rooms ; $1.00 to $2.00 per day ; $4.50 per week. J. R. Farris, Proprietor. RESTAURANTS: FARGO ; $5.00 per week. TURF ; $6.00 per week. CANON ; $5.00 per week ; for table board eacii. MKNIT0U SPRINGS THE MANSIONS can take care of 300 guests; $3.00 to $4.00 per day; $21.00 per week.— MANITOU HOUSE; capacity 250 people (same rates as The Mansions); A. W. Bailey. Proprietor of both hotels. CLIFF HOUSE; capacity 275; rates $3.00 to $4.00 per day, and $17.50 to $25.00 per week. E. E. Nichols, Jr., Manager. BARKER HOTEL (the only passenger elevator in Manitou) ; capacity 300; rates $3.00 to $4.00 per day ; $17.50 to $25.00 per week. C. W. Barker, Proprietor. HOTEL RUXTON (near Pike's Peak Railway Station); capacity 150 guests; rates $2.50 to $3.00 per day ; $12..50 to $20.00 per week. T. A. Hood, Proprietor. SUNNY-SIDE HOUSE; 60 rooms (baths in every room); $2..50 to $3.00 per day ; $15.00 to $18.00 per week. W. H. Rogers, Proprietor. IRON SPRINGS HOTEL accommodates 100 to 125 persons; rates $3.00 to $4.00 per day. H. T. Blake, Proprietor. MHNITOU PHRK MANITOU PARK HOTEL, seven miles from Woodland Park Station. Trains met by a four-in-hand, old- fashioned coach. Can accommodate 125 people ; rates per day $3.00 ; per week, $17.50 to $20.00. A good livery, and a plentiful supply of trout on hand. A large dairy of Jersey cows furnish fresh cream and butter for the table. H.'G. Thornton, Proprietor. CKSCKDE THE RAMONA (cost of building and furnishing $75,000): a new hotel of 100 rooms; rates $3.00 to $4.C0 per day. CASCADE HOUSE : 40 rooms : terms 3.00 per day. EASTHOLM ; Mrs Hewlett's Cottage ; rates $15.00 per week ; 17 rooms. RAILWAY DINING ROOM; table board only ; 75c. per meal ; $8.00 per week. GAYNOR'S HALF-WAY HOUSE ; on Pike's Peak carriage road ; accommodates 30 at $3.00 per day rates. Lunches and dinners served to parties ascending the peak. GREEN MOUNTAIN FHLLS- THE GREEN MOUNTAIN FALLS HOTEL has 65 rooms ; rates $2.50 to $3.50 per day, and $17.50 per week ; table board $10.00 per week. I. J. Woodworth, Manager. Also 25 cottages and 200 tents at low rents by the " Green Mountain Falls Town and Improvement Co." BUENH UlSTK J. H. Pullen, manager of Buena Vista Improvement Company, writes April 19. 1890 : " We hope to open our hotel at Buena Vista the first of June. It has 40 rooms, and rates will be $3.00 to $4.00 per day. Special rates not yet decided on." GLOBE HOTEL ; accommodations for 35 ; rates $2.00 per day. COTTONWOOD SPRINGS HOTEL, at Cottonwood Springs. 5 miles from town ; will accommodate 75 ; rates $2.00 per day, or $10.00 to $15.n0 per week, including baths. GLENMOOD SPRINGS HOTEL GLENWOOD (European plan) 100 rooms; rates $3.00 to $4.00 per day. Gilder & Enzensperger, Proprietors. « HOTEL BARLOW (of brick) on the American plan ; 50 rooms ; rates $2.00 per day ; single meals 50 cents. F, A. Barlow, Proprietor. AMERICAN HOUSE, with accommodations for 25 ; BLOWER HOUSE, for 20; BARLOW HOUSE, for 10; and TABER BOARDING HOUSE, each $1..50 per day. KENDRICK COTTAGES ; with or without board. Rooms furnished or plain by the day, week or month, at reasonable rates. Thos. Kendrick, Proprietor. IDHHO SPRINGS THE COLORADO HOTEL can take care of about 150 people ; rates $2..50 to $3.00 per day, CLEAR CREEK HOUSE ; Mrs. Anna B. Moore, Proprietress. gy FF HOUSE-; Mrs. Mary Zeilor, Proprietress, ^^m^f. m^ the: climax reiacheid by the: Ghloaoo. ROGK island & PaolllG Railway ON TOURIST OAR BUSINESS DURING 1891 TOURIST OAR LEIAVEIS OHIOAGO - EIVEIRV WEIDNEISDAV B.OO P. M ARRIVES AT SAN FRANOISOO ■■>■ ■*■ ' + ^ EIVEIRY MONDAV - - B.OO A. M RETURNING, OAR LEAVES SAN FRANOISOO EIVEIRV NA/EIDNEISDAV T.30 A. M ARRIVES AT OHIO AGO ' EIVEIRV MONDAV - - B.SO A. M Write or wire JOHN SEBASTIAN. Gen'l Ticket and Pass'r Agent. C. R. I. & P. Ry. Clnicago. 111., and he will have traveling agent in your district arrange for your accommodation in this car. «