Missionary / Great West Cyru^Town^end Brady RECOLLECTIONS OF A MISSIONARY I THE GREAT WEST For Love of Country. Sixth Edition. izmo, $1.25. For the Freedom of the Sea. Illustrated. JOth Thousand. I2mo, $1.50. The Grip of Honor. Second Edition. Il- lustrated. 1 2 mo, $1.50. " In his titles Archdeacon Brady gives his books a great deal to live up to. ' For Love of Country,' ' For the Freedom of the Sea,' 'The Grip of Honor ' how the words make the cheeks glow and the pulse leap ! That the strong and stirring stories do live up to their titles is sufficient praise. An ardent patriotism, according generous recognition to the pa- triotism of the enemy, the rush of the salt sea breeze, the clash of arms, and, best of all, men and women that ring true to the call of duty are in them all." New York Times' Saturday Re-view. CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS, PUBLISHERS, New York. RECOLLECTIONS OF A MISSIONARY THE GREAT WEST By The Rev. Cyrus Townsend Brady \ % c> i- > Author of "For Love of Country, 11 "For the Freedom of the tiea," "The Grip of Honor, 11 "Stephen Decatur," etc. Charles Scribner's Sons New York . . . Copyright, 1900, by CHARLES SCKIBNEB'S SONS THE DEVINNE PRESS. 4402$' teamfe Ubwy TO THE MEMORY OF ELISHA SMITH THOMAS, S.T.D., LL.D BISHOP OP KANSAS AND CHARLES HENRY GARDNER, M.A. DEAN OF THE CATHEDRAL, OMAHA, NEBRASKA. PEEFATORY NOTE My purpose in writing these recollections is set forth with sufficient clearness in the pages that fol- low. With a few exceptions, easily identified by the form in which they appear, the experiences are personal and actually occurred as they are set down, to the best of my recollection. I kept no notes and, save for references and allusions in occasional let- ters, I have had to depend entirely upon my mem- ory. Only one story was " made up " for the occa- sion, and that combines several actual incidents. I hope that this book may serve to interest those who read it in the life of the average missionary on the Western frontier a life of mingled work and pleasure, joy and pathos, hardship and fun. CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY. PHILADELPHIA, June, 1900. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I 1 How it began As of William the Silent Nothing but funerals I was the whole staff A short-handed bishop Belshazzar A striking color-scheme A disconcerting eye The Johnstown flood The blind woman "I can see!" Out of the heart The fif- teen-cent baby Fast asleep The stopped clock Seek, and ye shall find Anxious for a souvenir bullet A retort courteous Against the wall The little maverick CHAPTER II 18 My first baptism A motley crowd Service under dif- ficulties Sponsors in baptism "Churched" in the wood An agonized mother God with us A regen- eration indeed Baptizing the dog Belshazzar again I become a missionary Again the Assyrian And the travelling man The story of a bad boy Mind over matter " Notwithstanding " Disregarding the weather A blizzard Facing the storm How I breathed Lost in the snow Proud of my folly CHAPTER III 36 Mad at God Malachi Yant A lack of experience Information on the hog-cholera Wearing and bear- ing the cross Daughters of the King A frontier fu- neral The rich and poor meet together Told by the broken shoes Supporting a missionary A sick pig And how he was cured Speeding the plough Trifles for bread The farmer's wife The woman in the sod house It all depends on the rain Burned up "God's forgot us" His only chance Sheridan's opinion A novel horse trade Contents PAGE CHAPTER IV 63 An abandoned saloon Exchanging courtesies with the theatre A wild ride to a wedding " Coal-oil Johnny" And his broncos A clerical spectacle Spurs Swimming the rivers A grand entree Tum- bleweed In praise of broncos How they started him One buck Making up the amount A man and a hero What he did not give Seeing his ante I A raise and call It never came Hard luck The heroine of a cyclone Freaks of the wind Pluck and persistence A poser Success in the end The va- garies of the tornado " From lightning and tem- pest, . . . good Lord, deliver us" CHAPTER V 73 No place for weaklings Burglarizing the station Peanuts for breakfast What was required of us Sleeping on the platform Nearly four times round the world What is an archdeacon? The " boss" of the bishop Only officially aged "Lub an' brains" "Doan drap 'em" The brakeman's story Stan- dards of wickedness One touch of nature An Epis- copal cat Vi et armis An old gleaner The man with the versatile voice A good word for the men Stumbling over the Hebrews CHAPTER VI 91 "Held up" by Herbert Spencer A sand blizzard They called it a hotel Ventilation through the mop-board Out of it alive The Overland Limited And its master Opening the road A bicycle story Chased by the " long-horns " The just judge En- tertained by "little Johnny" On the prevalence of chicken The charge of the feathered brigade One maid of all work to a town Poverty's independence Two generous gifts No money in the confirmation class Hoist by my own petard Good for the Sun- day-school library Revenue from the graveyard Contents PAGE CHAPTER VII 110 Profanity A man, anyway An interrogation-point The criticism of Orsamus Warned to keep away Time to be introduced A Western entertainment The " Hallelujah Chorus " on the trombone A border town I feel peaceable A relief from faro Livelier on Sunday Doubling the stakes for the Lord A doorkeeper in the house of the Lord Hustling times Too Western "Scrapple" for a thousand miles Peripatetic churches Breaking up the ground Train robberies The Dal ton raid Dying game CHAPTER vm The only kid gloves in the Territory The bride balks at obeying Her religious privileges " The bride cares " Harden Episcopalians Indomitable women An Irish bull Why the Latter-day Saints failed The rivals Lost identity Said them to God Wisdom born of experience I wish it were true The biggest liar he ever saw Ananias in a new version CHAPTER IX . 144 Jaw-breaking preparation Unconscious cerebration The chinch-bug A triumph of science Devasta- tion A rash offer Quotations on the bugs A ten- thousand-dollar joke Following the bishop's order At the muzzle of a revolver A warrior nurse Gin for the baby A grim contrast Died at his post of duty A gentleman indeed Double duty CHAPTER X . 163 Christmas-tide Poor foundations Why the clergy are no better Invincible ignorance The location of Harvard Better everything in little towns A safe bet Service in furs A queer Christmas dinner- Potato men Robbing the church Christmas gifts Contents PAGE A Christmas funeral Shouting consolation A Me- thuselah among horses A snow-bound Christmas- Disappointment Anticipation " Now I lay me . " Always in order Santa Glaus And a Christmas tree Christmas service and dinner, too "Real Chris'mus gif's" Frozen to death CHAPTER XI 186 The greatest man I ever knew Gambling for the children Turning the tables Revising their creed A compromise creed Having fun with the bishop An interested driver Eager listeners A ritualist indeed Providing everything, even teeth Broken down Bishop-killers In apostolic footsteps A roll of men Just the average RECOLLECTIONS OF A MISSIONARY IN THE GREAT WEST CHAPTEE I ONCE upon a time, the dean of an Episco- How it began pal cathedral in a far Western State asked a young man, who had been a cadet-midship- man in the United States navy and was then a railroad official, to join a confirmation class he was organizing. The dean and the young man boarded in the same house at the time, the dean in the parlor, the young man in the garret, and a great friendship had arisen be- tween them. The young man, whose antece- dents were all Presbyterian, did not wish to be confirmed. When the dean pressed him 1 'RecoCtections of a he replied firmly in the negative, and when the dean withdrew he dismissed the subject from his thoughts. The very next day he walked into the dean's office in the evening and announced his intention of joining the class. He had given the matter no thought in the interim, and knew not until long after that the dean, and some good friends of his who happened to like the young man, had made his confirma- tion the subject of special prayer. As of William The dean is dead now, but the young man the Silent .,, will never forget him. He was a great- hearted, manly, Christian man, able, devoted, hard-working, and so beloved by all who came in contact with him that the papers said of him after he entered into life, what Motley said of William the Silent : "When he died the little children cried in the streets." And the words were exactly true. In due course, after his confirmation, the young man was moved by that which he can- not explain to study for the ministry. He was very busily employed during the day in a responsible position in the general office of 2 "(Missionary in tge Great West one of the great railroad systems of the world, and the necessity of supporting his family constrained him to continue his work. But he found time early in the morning, during the noon hours, going to and from work, and late in the night, to prosecute his studies so successfully that by and by he was ordained deacon and appointed assistant minister to the overworked dean in the cathedral. The first and only duty that devolved upon Nothing but him for some time was the attending of funer- als. All the unattached Episcopalians in the city who wanted to be married, or buried, or helped, naturally came to the cathedral. The winter was very severe, and there were, I think, thirteen funerals in fifteen days, most of which the assistant conducted. Life in the ministry seemed to be made up of nothing but attending funerals, and the young man, who had known but little sorrow and grief at that time, nearly broke down under the strain caused by the suffering he witnessed and shared, until the dean came to his rescue and took the funerals himself. 3 'RecoCtections of a I was the whole The cathedral had a large staff of honorary clergy on the rolls, who were all busy with their other duties in the diocese and were rarely there. The bishop, one of the best and sweetest of men, to whom this minister owes more than he can say, was very fond of refer- ring to the cathedral clergy. Inasmuch as I was usually the only one visibly present, the people, and especially the other clergymen, dropped into the habit of referring to me alone as the "cathedral clergy," in such phrases as this : "We saw the cathedral clergy this morning. He was looking cheerful and happy." I have never filled so exalted a position since then, nor do I ever expect to be so much of anything as I was when I was the whole ca- thedral clergy myself. A short- The bishop, of course, like every other West- ? P ern bishop, was very hard pressed for men. He always had half a dozen places clamoring for services, with no money to pay for them and no men to take them even if there had been money ; so he got into the habit, natu- 4 in tfje Great West rally, of asking the dean to detail one of his staff I was the whole staff to go out to various places on Sunday to conduct services. The dean did not like it much, but he com- plied like the loyal Churchman he was, and one of my first details was to a little strug- gling church for colored people. I had writ- ten a few sermons for similar visitations and for the Friday night congregations of the ca- thedral, but due notice of this assignment having been given me, I determined to ex- temporize. I did not have any very great confidence in my ability to do so, for the only time I had ever tried to speak without notes had been at a "sympathetic dinner" which the gun-crew of which I was captain while at the United States Naval Academy had given me on the occasion of my being deprived of my exalted cadet rank for some boyish prank. I had commenced, on that occasion, in a style worthy of Pericles, and had lasted for about three sentences, whereupon I sat down collapsed rather amid friendly cheers and laughter. The dean was a most fluent and easy ex- 5 ^ecottections of a Belshazzar temporaneous speaker, and he encouraged me to attempt it; so I resolved to try it un- worthy thought ! upon the colored brethren. The subject I selected was Belshazzar. I find it is a popular theme with youthful speakers exactly why I do not know ; possibly because it is supposed to be easy. I found it extremely hard. I prepared the sermon with the greatest care, shutting myself up in my study for days beforehand, and preaching it over and over again to imaginary congrega- tions, with great effect. A striking At last the hour of service arrived. The color-scheme ,..., , , little church, since grown into a strong, hard- working parish, was at that time in a very dilapidated condition. It had a boy choir vested mostly in blue cassocks, with two aco- lytes in red ones, and one lone colored brother and myself in black. The altar and other hangings belonged to different sets, and the color-scheme was striking, not to say bizarre. It was a ritualistic church at that time, and they did a great many things to which I was not accustomed and which greatly disconcerted me. We managed to get through the service, 6 In tge Great West however, in some fashion, and I have no doubt I disconcerted them as much as they did me when the time came for the sermon. As I stepped to the front of the chancel, on A disconcert- \Yl& V& that hot August night, to address my perspir- ing little congregation, who should come into the chapel but the chief examiner of the dio- cese, a man whom personally we all loved, but whom officially we feared above all other men for the severity with which he insisted upon a literal compliance with the rigid re- quirements before he passed a candidate whom he examined for the priesthood. He was a tall, thin man, with white hair and a keen though kindly blue eye. He came solemnly into the church, sat down in a front pew, folded his arms, and fixed his eye upon me. I returned his stare with agonized inter- est. This was not trying it on the colored brethren at all. There was a long, dreadful pause. Finally I opened my mouth desper- ately, and swallowed a gnat ! I moved to re- consider, but the motion was lost. There was a violent coughing-spell, in which my care- fully prepared sermon on Belshazzar was shat- 7 'Recollections of a tered into fragments. When I recovered my composure no, I never did recover my com- posure, but when I stopped coughing, aban- doning the gnat to his fate, I had no sermon. I explained the fact to the congregation some- thing in this fashion : The Johnstown "Dearly beloved brethren, I have forgotten flood .^e sermon which I prepared, I beg to assure you that I did prepare one, and instead of that sermon I will tell you my experiences in the Johnstown flood" ; which I proceeded to do with great outward unction but inward mis- ery. The " cathedral clergy" felt very small indeed that night. What the moral and spir- itual effect of that discourse was I never learned, but I never heard the last of that effort, and I am sometimes reminded by my brethren, especially the chief examiner, of the famous sermon I preached on the Johnstown flood ! I would walk around the block to avoid him, when I saw him coming, for some time after that. The blind Among the duties devolved upon me at the al $ cathedral was that of daily visiting a hospital '(Missionary in t/>e Great West near by. In the eye and ear department there was a little old woman, wife to one of those hard-working, heroic Methodists who helped to build up the kingdom of God on the distant frontier. She had been blind for a dozen years. A hunting-party, in which there was an eminent oculist, happened to stop at the rude lodge where she dwelt with her husband and children. The kindly physician, who made an exami- nation of her eyes, determined that a cure was possible, and had resolved to effect it himself ; hence the presence of the old woman in the hospital. I had visited her many times dur- ing her long stay, and we became very well acquainted. This of which I speak was the first visit I made her after an absence on a long vacation. She was in a little room about ten feet square. Opposite this room, and sep- arated from it by a narrow corridor, was an- other room, and the doors of both were open. When I entered she was seated, with her eyes shaded. She looked at me actually looked at me as I stood in the door, and when I spoke she recognized my voice. 9 Recollections of a "I can see!" "Oh!" she said, "the operation was per- formed some time ago, and it is a success. I can see ! I can see ! " She fairly beamed, with a chastened, humble sort of joy, as she continued : "I am going back home soon. I am going to look into the face of that brave old man, my husband, who has stood by me in my days of darkness. I am going to clasp in my arms another, younger man who was a little boy when I saw him last. I am going to press to my heart a young girl they tell me she is beautiful who was a baby at my breast when the light went out. I am so grateful to God that whereas I was blind, now I see, that I thank Him every day, every hour, every mo- ment, even. I am glad you are come. We will thank Him together, first I and then you." Out of the heart And so we knelt down in that little room in the hospital, in the stillness of that sunny morning, that once blind old woman and I. The words which came from her lips were rude and simple, but they came from an hon- est, grateful heart, and they had a power and sweetness all their own. I have heard and read many prayers, but not many like that 10 Missionary m tfje Great West one. It was a most humble young man who knelt by her side, and when she had finished her own fervent outpouring of gratitude, he joined his own feeble words to her expressions. And then there was a little silence in the room. It was broken by the sound of a great, tear- ing sob like that which comes from the breast of a strong man unused to weeping. We looked up from our knees, and there in the doorway, with his arms extended in that hope- less, helpless gesture peculiar to the newly blind, was a splendid, stalwart-looking man, tears running down his cheeks. "Oh, sir," he said, with a quivering voice, "you 've thanked God for having given that woman back her sight ; won't you pray to Him for me? for He has forever taken mine." My poor friend learned after a while that there is a country where the eyes of the blind are opened. There was a little baby in the family of the The fifteen-cent young deacon ; in fact, there has almost always been a little baby in his family. I remember, 11 ItecoClections of a to anticipate a little, that on one occasion a sagacious neighbor of mine and I were ex- changing felicitations over the recent arrival in each of our households of another baby not the first one in either case, by any means. "I will tell you what it is, Mr. Brady," he remarked sagely, "I love my children, I am proud of them, I would n't take a million dol- lars for a single one of them ; but I would n't give fifteen cents for another." I entirely agreed with him.* Fast asleep Well, to return to this particular baby, one day when I was writing a sermon, at which time, of course, I was very desirous of not being disturbed, he came tiptoeing into the room, remarking in his childish way, "I won't ? sturb you, papa," and proceeded to clasp his hands around my left hand lying on the desk, resting his little curly head upon my arm. I wrote on and on in silence. Presently the hold on my arm relaxed, the little body * Since the above was first published still another baby has arrived in my family. I have refused many offers of fifteen cents for him. He is not in the market; the price of babies has risen! 12 (Missionary in t/je Great West slipped gently down to the floor, the hands shifted themselves from my arm to my foot, he laid his head upon it and went fast asleep. There was a little clock on my desk at the time. The room was very still, and its ticking was distinctly audible in the perfect quiet. As I watched the little lad, the clock suddenly stopped. We know, whose duty it is to wind them, that clocks often stop, but I never re- member to have heard one stop before or since. The busy ticking died away and left no sound to break the silence. I looked down at the frail life beginning at my feet, and thought of the thousands and thousands of lives, young and old, ticked out with each re- curring minute of the stopped clocks a mo- ment since quick with life. The lad lay very still. In panic terror I awakened him. The sermon I had been writing was on the Fifth Commandment, a lesson to children. I tore it up then and there, in the sight of his innocence, and made it a lesson to fathers in- stead, that they might be worthy of the honor commanded from the children, and I call it the boy's sermon to this day. 13 Recollections of a Seek, and ye When he could barely walk, I took him to the cathedral one afternoon when I went back for something I had left after morning service. I left him down in the nave by the door, while I walked up to the chancel. I was busied there for a few moments, and when I turned to go out, he had advanced half-way up the middle aisle, and was standing where the declining sun, streaming through the great painted west window, threw a golden light around his curly head. And a tiny little ob- ject he was in that great, quiet church. It was very still. He was looking about him in every direc- tion in the most curious and eager way. To my fond fancy he seemed a little angel as he said in his sweet childish treble, which echoed and reechoed beneath the vaulted Gothic roof, these words : "Papa, where ? s Jesus? where 's Jesus?" He had been told that the Church was the home of the Saviour, and in this his first visit he was looking for him. Seek, seek, my boy, and ye shall find, please God, and every other boy and girl that seeketh likewise. 14 in tfje Great West That baby is quite grown up now. There Anxious for i i,- i, ^ ^ -U a souvenir are no curls on his head ; in no way does he bullet resemble no, not in the faintest particular an angel. The other day, when I rode off to the wars, he astonished me with this request (he was truculently patriotic during the excit- ing period) : "Father, if you get wounded, don't forget to bring me the bullet that knocks you out, as a souvenir for my collection ! " I promised faithfully, but fortune was kinder to me than to him, and he still lacks that souvenir for his collection. Talking about children reminds me of a A retort u re tort courteous," and adequate as well, of a little girl whom I baptized, long after- wards, in a small town on the border of the Indian Territory. Her father was a cattle- man. It would be no extravagance to say that the "cattle upon a thousand hills" were his, if it were not for the fact that there were no hills on his mighty ranch. Each cattle- owner in that country has a different brand with which his cattle are marked, and by 15 Recoil ections of a which lie identifies them when the great "round-ups" occur. The "mavericks" young cattle born on the range which have not been marked belong to the first man who can get his branding-iron on them. I could only make that town on a week- day, and arrangements had been made for the baptism in the morning. The young miss, about six years of age, had just started to the public school, and she had to remain away from one session for the baptism. In our ser- vice we sign those who are baptized with the sign of the cross. When she returned to school, the children pressed her with hard questions, desiring to know what that man with the "nightgown" on had done to her, and if she was now any different from what she was before. Against the She tried to tell them that she had been 14JQ.11 made "a member of Christ, the child of God, and an inheritor of the kingdom of heaven," but did not very well succeed in expressing the situation ; so they gathered about her with the unconscious cruelty of children, and pushed her over against the theological wall, 16 in tfje Great West so to speak. Finally, when she had exhausted every other effort, she turned on them in this way, her eyes flashing through her tears. "Well," she said, lapsing into the vernacu- The little lar, "I will tell you. I was a little maverick before, and the man put Jesus' brand on my forehead, and when He sees me running wild on the prairie, He will know that I am His little girl." The answer was eminently satisfactory to the small audience. They understood her perfectly, and the profoundest theologian could scarce have expressed it better. 17 CHAPTER II My first T HA YE told you about my first sermon. baptism JL My first baptism was in this wise. Dur- ing the absence of the dean on his vacation, an undertaker whose acquaintance I enjoyed through my numerous funerals asked me if I would go on Sunday afternoon down to the "Bottoms/' i.e., low lands on the banks of the river, occupied by a few squatter huts, and the resort, especially on Sunday afternoons, of men and women of the baser sort, to conduct a funeral for a dead gypsy babe. The gypsies were English and claimed to be members of the Established Church. A motley I agreed to do so, of course, and when I drove to the rude encampment of the swarthy nomads on Sunday afternoon they were not poor and had provided carriages I was aston- ished to find it the centre of perhaps five hun- dred people. An enterprising reporter had made up a story about the little dead infant, 18 3 (Missionary in tfje Great West which had appeared in the Sunday morning paper, with this result. It was a very jocular and lively crowd of men and women, the lat- ter being from the worst quarters of the city. There was talking, laughing, and singing. Some negroes were playing on banjos, and al- together the assemblage was more like a low- class picnic than anything else. The gypsies were gathered in their wagons and tents, sul- lenly confronting the crowd. Under the trees in front of one tent, in a little coffin, lay the dead baby. I slipped behind a wagon, not escaping ob- Service under servation thereby, and put on my vestments, an act which excited some rude and jesting comment. I then stepped to the side of the coffin, faced the crowd nervously, asked them to be silent, and began the service, which I continued to read in spite of much noise and disturbance. At the usual time I made the customary announcement that the remainder of the office would be said at the graveside. As I turned, one of the women stopped me with the statement that they had several babies to be baptized. I urged that they be 19 Kecottections of a brought to the church, but they refused. They were here to-day, and to-morrow gone they knew not where. They explained it all in their dramatic way : if I would baptize the babies then, all right ; if not and they closed their sentences with characteristic shrugs of their shoulders. I had made no preparation for baptism, but I decided on my course at once. They brought me an old chair without a back, and I placed upon it, bottom upward, a horse-bucket. I borrowed a newspaper from one of the now deeply interested crowd, and tucked it around the bucket to cover its un- sightliness as much as possible. On the bucket was placed an old tin pan filled with turbid water from the river. Sponsors in The parents were to be sponsors ; but as apli none of them could read English, I asked if some one would not read the responses for them, and finally, after much hesitation, one of the hackmen and a woman of the town vol- unteered. The poor creature came forward, blushing painfully under her paint, and took her place beside the hackman. Fortunately 20 in tge Great West I had an extra prayer-book in my pocket, so we began the service. The negroes had stopped their banjo -playing, and the crowd, which had swelled to about a thousand people now, was very quiet and very interested. The first baby brought to me was a little black-haired, black-eyed, swarthy infant, about three weeks old. When I asked the name of this child, the father said " Major." "Major what?" I asked. "Just Major," he replied. And so, with an anxious thought toward the old Church injunction that chil- dren should be named for some scriptural character whose virtues they could emulate, the baby was duly christened "Major." Four others followed in quick succession. When the ceremony was over, I made the "Churched" in the wood previous announcement again, and was aston- ished when the mother of "Major" said she had not been "Churched," and would I mind doing it? I suppose there are very few clergymen in the United States who have used the whole of the office for the "Church- ing of women after childbirth " in public, but with the assistance of the poor woman who 21 KecotCectlons of a had read the responses in the baptism, and who now stood by her humble gypsy sister with her arm around her waist and with her eyes filled with tears, we finished that service also. "Is there anything more ! " I asked. "Yes," said the mother of the dead baby coming forward with the little body, which she lifted from its coffin, clasped in her arms. "Won't you baptize this one f " An agonized v I gently told her that I could not baptize mother the dead that it was neither necessary nor right. But she would not be convinced. She begged and implored, and at last fell on her knees before me and held up in front of me the still, white little bundle of what had been humanity, and agonizingly besought me, in the terrified accents of guilt and despair, to perform the to it useless service. I explained to her as well as a young man could the situation, told her the baby was all right, and that even though she had failed in her duty, God would certainly accept her evi- dent contrition. Friends took the baby away at last, and raised her up, and then I turned and faced the awe -struck crowd again. 22 in tge Great West The noise had died away, the laughter and Cod with us jests were still, the rude speech was hushed. Tears were streaming down the hollow cheeks of the wretched women. I spoke to them that time out of a full heart. It was only the second time that I tried to speak without notes, and this time there was no hesitation. God helped me. They had listened to me say the Lord's Prayer in silence in the service before, and when I finished my remarks, and invited them again and knelt down in the dust, most of those near by knelt with me, and the rest bowed their heads reverently, while many joined, falteringly at first, but more strongly as the sentences came, in the prayer of "Our Father who art in heaven." They opened respectfully before us as we took the baby and walked to the carriages. Some of the women laid their hands gently on my surplice as with bowed head I walked past them. I turned about as we drove off, and saw them break up into little groups and walk quietly and thoughtfully away in differ- ent directions, after such a Sunday afternoon 23 RecoCCections of a as probably many of them had never spent before. A regenera- After the services at the cemetery, the chief tion indeed of the gypsy tribe, a rather distinguished-look- ing old man, put into my hand a handful of money coins and bills. I refused to take it, saying we made no charge for services of that kind ; but he pressed it upon me with the re- mark that I could use it for some woman in trouble. On those terms I received it. That night I had a visitor. It was the wretched woman who had read the responses. That brief hour in which only as the voice of another she had assumed the responsibilities of a woman and a Christian had recalled her to a sense of her lost innocence and purity, and she had resolved, by God's help, to begin again. It was a true baptism, a regeneration indeed ! The gypsy's money started her upon a new. way, which she pursued unswervingly as long as I knew her. May her feet tread the paths of righteousness until the end ! Baptizing the This service was a great strain on the ner- vous system of the young man, but the baptism 24 in tfje Great West reminds me of another that I administered long after under different circumstances. It was in the home of a family somewhat indiffer- ent to religion, in a very far Western town. I was very anxious, as always, to impress them with the beauty and simplicity of the service, and I did my best in its rendition. The person I baptized was a little boy about five years old. After I had finished there was a pause, which the lad broke, looking up into my face and delivering this remark with a solemnity and earnestness which only added to my consternation : "Mr. Brady, I baptized my dog this morn- ing to see how he 'd like it ! " I always felt that the hoped-for effect of that service was dissipated by that artless remark. To go back, indeed, I have gone and shall Belshazzar go whithersoever my memory leads me, with- out regard to chronology, in these rambling reminiscences, shortly after the first baptism, the dean, the bishop, and the honorary canons went to the General Convention and left me in charge of the cathedral. It was a noble po- 25 ^RecoUect'ions of a sition and I enjoyed it extremely. As each Sunday came around, the temptation to preach without notes would recur with added force, and finally, on the last Sunday before they all came back, I resolved to try it once more. Undeterred by my previous experience, I fixed upon Belshazzar again as a fitting subject. He fascinated me ! * I prepared the sermon in the same manner as before, and when the eventful Sunday night came I actu- ally got through with it at a breakneck pace and in a very nervous and frightened way, I admit ; but I did not break down, nor stop to give the bewildered people time to breathe nor even to consider the various points of the sermon, which was doubtless an advan- tage for me and for them as well. / become a The next Sunday, as all the clergy returned iary at the same time, from doing everything my- self I dropped to the position of a factotum whose only office was to hand the alms-basin ! Next Monday I told the bishop that I would resign my position and go out and be a mis- * He does yet I 26 lyiissionary in tfie Great West sionary a course which he had been urging upon me. Such offers were rare, and he allotted me three mission stations with an alacrity only equalled by that with which I accepted the position. That was the begin- ning of a missionary life which took me into five Western States and Territories and lasted many years. The following Sunday I began my tour of Again the Assyrian duty. I preached on Belshazzar in the morn- ing at one place, and made him do duty at night at another. On Tuesday I went to the third place, and intoxicated with my pre- vious success, I used the overworked Assyrian once more. After the service, a pleasant-looking man And the trav- elling man stepped up to me, and we shook hands, where- upon he said : "That is a very fine sermon of yours." I was, of course, greatly pleased, and ex- pressed the hope that it had done him good. "Yes," he said, "it has. I thought it was a fine sermon when I heard it first two Sundays ago ; I liked it better when I heard it last 27 RecoU ections of a Sunday morning ; and as I happened to go to the town where you preached on Sunday night, I heard it there also. When I made this town I am a travelling man and saw in the paper that you were to preach, I thought I would come around and see if I could not meet my old friend. I have liked it better each time I heard it," he added, with a merry twinkle in his eye. "Won't you let me know when and where you are going to preach it again ? " Imagine my horror and shame and confu- sion. I confessed to him frankly that Bel- shazzar was not only my best but my only ex- temporaneous sermon, and we became great friends. I have hardly ever dared, however, to use that discourse since, for something always happens when my thoughts turn on Belshazzar. The story of a Some years later, when I was rector of a beautiful parish church in a Western State, I preached about him under the caption of "The Story of a Bad Boy," which he certainly was. During the services we had a vivid illustration of what bad boys were, for the 28 (Missionary in t/)e Great West rectory adjoining the church was robbed of everything movable and valuable except the children, and on that same night, during the service, one of the congregation had a fit in the back of the church. I wondered if by any chance it might be my travelling friend who was hearing the sermon for the fifth time ! And that reminds me of an afflicted woman MM over who went for treatment to an eminent but tactless specialist, who brutally told her, in a moment of unworthy petulance, that she had an incurable disease which would probably, in the end, destroy her mind. She indignantly repelled his assertions, and vowed that she would show him by her visits from time to time that her sanity was not impaired. She was a brilliant and able woman, highly cul- tured, and possessed of a remarkable will power. Her life after that was one long duel between her will and the recurring attacks of the dread disease. She visited that grim physician as long as she was able to do so, and he had the bitter satisfaction of gradually see- ing the realization of his frightful prophecy. 29 Hecoltectlons of a After the last attack, before her mind entirely gave way, she begged piteously to be taken to that doctor again to let him see she was still the master ! And when the final break came she clung tenaciously to that dominant idea, and all her madness culminated in the expres- sion again and again of that desire, until death restored the unfortunate to her reason once more. As to that ruthless prophet, he was deservedly held without honor in his own country among those who knew the circum- stances. "Notwith- I did not attempt sermons without notes for a long time, and when I did I had many bitter experiences before I learned to keep my brain a few sentences ahead of my lips while standing on my feet. I have frequently piled up possible "notwithstandings," i.e., notwithstanding this, notwithstanding that, and notwithstanding the other, and then have forgotten just what was to happen "notwith- standing " ! Disregarding Other stations were added to my first mis- the weather fidd Qut Qn ^ frontiers of the diocese, 30 in tge Great West until I had a large amount of territory to cover. I held services at one place Sunday morning, drove twelve miles and a half to an- other place for afternoon services, and re- turned to the first place for service at night, taking the other towns on week-nights. In a year and nine months I never missed a ser- vice. I rode or drove long distances in every conceivable sort of weather, under burning suns, through tropic rains, in the midst of blinding dust-storms, in winter's blasting cold, and finally, on one notable occasion, in a frightful blizzard. "We had the usual service on Sunday morn- A blizzard ing, very slimly attended, and after a hasty dinner I started for the south. I had two rough, wiry broncos, the horse par excellence for missionary work, as well as a splendid sub- ject for missionary effort, a sleigh, and a com- panion. The thermometer had fallen to 18 below zero. The road lay due south, down a valley through which the wind drove with terrific force. A light snow was beginning to fall as we started out, much against the wise counsels of everybody, but I was young 31 KecoCCections of a and foolish and did not take heed. We two men tucked into the sleigh between us a little schoolmistress who had to go to the next town to see a very sick mother. Going down with the wind and snow on our backs was not so bad, and we reached the church at the usual hour. Facing the Two or three men had braved the storm on the chance that I might come, as I had never failed, though they did not expect me ; and so, in the intensely cold church, which it was im- possible to heat, with all our winter wrap- pings on, we knelt down and said the Litany together. Then we got a bite to eat, and the horses having been baited and rubbed down, we started again, in spite of the remonstrances of our friends. It was foolish pride, perhaps, but I determined not to miss a single service on that day, if possible. Facing the storm, which had risen and was in the height of its fury, was simply awful. I was actually wear- ing summer underclothing at the time, my missionary box from the East not yet having arrived, and I thought I should die ! Had I not been originally one of the most robust of 32 ^Missionary in te Great West men, I hardly see how I could have survived the exposure of that day and the rest of the winter, but my early training stood me in good stead. My companion utterly gave way, and finally sank down in the sleigh under the buffalo robes, where I continuously kicked him to keep him from going to sleep. I had a scarf called a "nubia" wrapped How I breathed around my face, covering it all except the lee- ward eye, out of which I was continually obliged to brush the frozen snow. My breath froze on the wool, of course, and I thrust my handkerchief between the scarf and my face until the handkerchief froze as well. Then I bethought me of a little prayer-book which I carried in the breast-pocket of my ulster. I opened it in the middle and laid it across my nose under the scarf, making a little pent- house through which I could breathe. I tried to keep the way by watching the Lost in the telegraph-poles, but very soon lost sight of them in the whirling storm. The reins lay loose in my benumbed hands. The faithful broncos, however, left to their own devices, toiled slowly along in the face of the mad rush 33 RecoCt ections of a of the wind and the blinding drive of the freezing snow over the prairie. Presently I lost all idea of the way ; I think I had sense enough to keep the horses' heads to the storm, but that was all, and I was too cold and too much benumbed to remember anything. All that I could think of was to keep up my rhythmical kicking of the man at my feet. After a long time, it seemed to me ages, of such agony as I never want to endure again, the horses stopped at their stable doors. It was dark night by this time. The stable-men were greatly surprised to see us, as they never dreamed we would attempt the journey. My companion was hastily taken to his house, and I was assisted to my own, which fortunately was not very far away. Some of the vestry- men had come down to the rectory to see if I had returned, and they were waiting in great anxiety for my arrival. Proud of my Before I fully realized the extent to which I was knocked out by the hardships of the day, I insisted upon taking the little handful of men over to the church. "We lighted the lamps and went through the Litany together 34 Missionary in tfie Great West again. It was foolish, of course, but somehow it is the only act of folly in my life upon which I look back with pleasure. Ours was the only church in town that night to have services. Of course the papers were full of it, and the next time I had services what a con- gregation greeted me ! I was rather badly frozen up, but neither my companion nor I sustained any serious injury. 35 CHAPTER III Mad at Cod T~F the weather, however, did not put a stop JL to the services, it sometimes played havoc with those necessary concomitants of religious life in the far West known as " church socia- bles." On one occasion, in one of my missions, we had made elaborate preparations for a great crowd, which was kept at home by a heavy rain. A few of us who had braved the storm were seated in great discomfort in the parlor, expressing our opinions with the free- dom we all use in like circumstances. A small daughter of the house, who had been an interested listener, suddenly remarked, in a pause in the conversation : "Now you 're all mad at God because it 7 s raining ! " "Out of the mouth of babes and suck- lings . . ."! Malachi Yant My first sexton was a most curious-looking individual who was of the Dunkard persua- 36 g ffljssionaiy in tge Great West sion, and rejoiced under the name of Malachi Yant. He was a short, squat man, with dust- colored hair which stood out from his head like the fabulous pictures of the Circassian girl in the circus poster. In nothing else, however, did he resemble a Circassian. He was dust- colored all over, and gave one the impression that if he were suddenly shaken the dust would radiate from him as water is showered from a dog after a plunge in the river, especially from that broom-like head of hair. When he was not serving the church he was a sort of amateur butcher. I went to call on him one morning soon A lack of ex- after my arrival. His wife met me at the pet door and told me that I would find him in the back yard he was busy. As I turned to seek him, he came around the corner of the house. He was a frightful spectacle, all cov- ered with blood and animal debris, and smelt vilely. I started back in horror. "What have you been doing?" I asked. "I 7 ve been killin' hogs," he said slowly. "Ain't you never seen a hog killed? " he asked with some scorn. 37 'Recollections of a Unfortunately I never had, and I could see that my ignorance caused me to fall visibly in his estimation. The next Sunday one of the women of the parish asked him how he liked the new min- ister. "I don't like him at all," answered Malachi, grimly. "He ain't had no experience whatso- ever. He ain't never seen a hog killed ! " Information on Speaking of hogs reminds me of a long rail- road journey I took, during which I became very much interested in a conversation with a man who sat beside me in the crowded car. I found he was an authority on the hog-chol- era. The disease is not romantic, but when it sweeps away in a few days every cent you have on earth including what you have bor- rowed and invested in pork on the hoof it becomes tragic. I discussed the matter with him . for several hours, and learned a great deal about the insidious disease. We both got off at the same town, and I invited him to come up to the church that night and join in the services. 38 in tge Great West "Good gosh ! " he said, looking me over I wore my ordinary brown clothes, and was covered with dust, as usual. "Are you a preacher I " "I try to be, in a small way," I answered, smiling. "Well, I '11 be hanged ! " he replied in great astonishment. "I took you for a farmer ! What did you want to know all that about hog-cholera for? " He came to the service, however, and after- wards became one of my right-hand men in another mission. What I had learned about hog-cholera proved to be of great value on several occasions when I was the guest of some of my farmer friends. When I reached a certain town on the bor- Wearing and der I always found the church beautifully clean, the fires lighted, the lamps filled, and everything in good order. A faithful woman attended to these things. But on one occasion I found that nothing had been done. I fixed things up as well as I could alone, and after the service I went over to her house to find 39 Recotf ections of a out what was the matter. Her absence was easily explained. She had sustained a serious injury some time before, and that afternoon an operation had been performed upon her. She was a Daughter of the King. When I came into the room, she was lying, very white and weak, upon the bed. She whispered to me to turn down the cover a little. I did so, and there, on the breast of her night-robe, was pinned the little silver cross of the order. She had suffered agonies uncomplainingly, I was told, and I understood her when she whispered : "I am wearing it and bearing it as well." They told me she had gone to sleep under the ether with her hand clasped around the little cross. Daughters of Oh, those Daughters of the King ! How they proved their right to bear that name ! I rode forty miles, one day, to make a little town, when I was archdeacon of another diocese, to bury one of them. I had just come from the funeral of the bishop in the cathedral. There were the sweetest music, the loveliest flowers, 40 ^Missionary in tfye Great West the white -robed clergy, bishops of the Church, and great crowds of people who had loved the dead bishop as children love a father ; and everything had been done to do honor to the memory of that great man who had been taken away from us. Here in this little town was a humble cot- A frontier tage, half dug-out, half log cabin. The winter *" n and the spring had been one of the hardest through which the diocese had ever passed, and the blighting hand of poverty and distress had simply deprived the people of everything except the barest and rudest necessities of life ; they were many of them actually in want. The woman who died was a Daughter of the King. The five or six members of the order who formed the chapter in the village had done their best for her. They had gathered somewhere a little pitiful bunch of ragged flowers which they had put upon her breast, where she was laid in the rude pine coffin ; and with the harsh voices of those whose lives are spent in hard toil they sang and chanted the service. It was the same service, and by chance 41 Recollections of a The rich and m ** * Told by the broken shoes some of the same hymns, which had been used so splendidly for the great bishop. "The rich and poor meet together : the Lord is the maker of them all." Man could do no more for the one than for the other. The feeble cry of a new-born life in the next room sadly interrupted me as I read the service. I have often wondered if there was not some deeper meaning than we dream of in that scriptural verse which says : "Notwithstanding she shall be saved in child-bearing." There were no carriages there. They were all so poor that we walked to the little cemetery, a straggling procession over the bleak prairie, the men carrying the coffin on their shoulders. During the service, as the women sat around me, I noticed their feet thrust out from be- neath the frayed borders of their well-worn dresses, and through their broken shoes I could see that some of them on that bitter cold day had no stockings on ! Yet when the chapters of the order sent up their contri- butions to pay the salary of a new missionary, as their memorial to the memory of the be- loved bishop, this little chapter of poverty 42 in tge Great West and care was remarkable for the amount of its gifts ! Truly from those who have not more is to be received than from those who have. There were several hundred Daughters of Supporting a the King in that diocese who had agreed to take ten cents and so use it as to increase it to a dollar, more or less, which was to be sent to the secretary, to be used for the salary of a missionary for the next year. The amount which would keep a missionary in the field for a year, in connection with the contribu- tions he would receive from the people among whom he worked, was only three hundred dollars. As everywhere, the missionaries were poorly paid. They more than raised this amount, and they earned it, most of them, in very peculiar ways. One woman, a graduate of one of the noted A sick pig Eastern colleges, whose husband was trying to weather a temporary financial storm, a fre- quent occupation with business men out there, was at her wits' end to know what to do with her ten cents, until her husband told her, one day, that he had a sick pig on his farm which 43 RecoLlections of a he would give her for missionary purposes if she could do anything with it. Some people never give anything but "sick " pigs for mis- sions, by the way, though this man was not of that kind. And how he His wife had some little knowledge of medi- was cured cine and anatomy and a great deal of common sense. She studied the pig and accurately di- agnosed his case. Through the kindness of a local druggist, she so brilliantly invested her ten cents in medicine, and so successfully treated the sick porker, that he not only got well, but through her scientific dieting became the largest and finest of the drove, and sold in the end for a very good price indeed, so that she had the honor of sending in the largest contribution to the missionary's salary. She told me she had become so much attached to the animal during the course of treatment that it was with poignant regret she saw him led away to be slaughtered. It was a pure case of applied science. Speeding the Speaking of college women reminds me of p ous another, who had married a young man, well 44 in tfje Great West educated and charming, who had come from the East to make his fortune on a farm. It requires a peculiar talent to be a good farmer, and much intellectuality to grasp the details and learn the methods. I found out that it was a deep subject the first time I took the plough-handles from the young boy who was guiding them with one hand. I discovered that it was not as easy as it looked, for I ploughed that furrow by main strength. I forced the share through the earth by my unaided efforts ; at least, I could not see that the horses did anything particular, except to keep ahead, although sometimes the machine took long bounds over the surface, so that when my row was finished it looked like a succession of dots and dashes ! The farmer and his son were dying of laughter at my red face, strained back, blistered hands, and panting breast, so I felt my religious influence over them would be gone until I learned how to do it, which I presently did. Hie labor, Me opus est ! To return to my story, this young man was Trifles for utterly impracticable. He knew nothing about farming, and did not have the particu- 45 ^.ecoCCections of a lar bent of mind by which he could learn. A succession of bad years and partial crop fail- ures, and recurring children they are the only crops which never fail on a frontier farm re- duced the family to the direst depths. The woman had a pretty taste with her pen and pencil, and she actually supported them, proudly rejecting any offers of charity, during one hard, long winter, by painting and em- broidering dainty trifles, which her friends carried about throughout the State and dis- posed of for her. And she did all the other work that devolved upon her, besides. The farmer's The life of a frontier farmer's wife is about the hardest which can fall to the lot of woman. She has duties about which her more favored sisters know nothing. All the cares of a large and ever-increasing family, with several hired hands to cook and wash for, usu- ally a calf or two to bring up by hand, a brood of motherless chicks needing attention, a kitchen-garden, cows to milk, and Heaven only knows what else ! She has no society and no amusements, very infrequent Church 46 in tge Great West services, with no time to read and no place to go. She even finds no interest in the changing fashions, for the fashion of her narrow world never changes. Her life is a tragedy the saddest of all of the commonplace. She often dies old in middle age, or goes mad. The largest group in the State lunatic asylums is made up of farmers' wives. When by chance she does survive all the troubles and labors of youth and middle life, she becomes one of the finest, sturdiest, strongest, most independent and self-respect- ing of women. She has suffered, struggled, and not been broken ! The men live other and larger lives. They are in the open air, mainly ; they go to town frequently, trade, discuss, vote. It is a different story. Wherever I went, I never got away from The woman in culture and refinement. I stopped for a glass ihe sod house of water once at a nondescript dwelling, half dug-out, half sod house, alone on the prairie. As I dismounted from my horse a woman came out to meet me. She had been graceful and pretty. I could see it in spite of her 47 Recottections of a worn, haggard, overworked look. I re- marked, as I took the proffered tin dipper of water, that I had never seen a house quite like that before. She answered that neither had she, but that she was even glad for that poor shelter for herself and children. She, too, was a graduate of an Eastern college, and I baptized her two little children before I rode away. Her husband was away after cat- tle and she was alone. There was not another house for miles in any direction. it all depends Oh, the hardships the people endured in bad years ! I will not slander the Western country. When it gets water it blossoms like the rose, and crops are simply enormous. People who live in the East have no idea of the fertility of the soil and the luxuriance of the vegetation when there is rain. But they are equally unable to realize the aridity and desolation of the land when there is no water. I have seen it when the hot winds came up from the south and fairly withered the grain. I have ridden for two days through walls of corn that towered above my head as I sat my 48 in tge Great West horse, and two days after I have seen that same corn wilted and ruined as if a gigantic flat-iron had been pressed upon it. When two or three years of drought would follow in succession, the misery of the people would be- come almost unendurable. I remember, after burying the Daughter of Burned up the King I told you of, I hitched up a pair of broncos and drove off to a town twenty-seven miles away. There had been no rain for months. The winter wheat was all killed and corn had not yet been planted. The fields were bare and desolate beyond description. The dust from the roads, where it had not been blown away by the fierce winds, was over the fetlocks of the horses. Everything was dry and burned up to the last degree. It was a cold, bleak day in March. Driving rapidly along, at a turn in the road "God's forgot I came across a curious picture. There was a dilapidated prairie-schooner, which was in this instance a common farm-wagon with a tattered canvas top on circular hoops. A shabby, faded, dejected woman sat on the high seat, holding a nursing baby in her arms ; 49 'Recollections of a two little children stood or sat beside her; and the father of the family had dismounted and was standing in the road by his team. One of his horses wretched creatures they were had fallen in the traces and was dying ; the other stood quietly, with drooping head, contemplating his companion. Half a dozen gaunt, starved horses were looking at the group from over a fence near by, in a manner which strongly suggested compassion and sympathy. On the other side of the road, in a corn-field from which every stalk of corn had been stripped by hungry cattle, lay a dead cow and two dead horses, which had probably starved or died of thirst. There were black crows cir- cling around, and over everything the dust blinding, choking, throttling dust ! As I reined in my horses, the man sat down in the wayside ditch, buried his head in his hands, looked at the dead horse, and cried. I heard the woman say, " Don't, papa, don't," as I stopped. "You seem to be in trouble, stranger," I said. "Can I help you? Can I do anything for you?" 50 (Missionary in tfje Great West " No," said he, looking up defiantly ; "God 's forgot us. Drive on." The next year was a bountiful one. Such His only crops I never saw, and, to anticipate, for sev- eral years after they continued the same. Just for curiosity, I once tried to force my horse through a field of sorghum used for fodder, and found the greatest difficulty in making any progress at all, so thick and dense was the growth of the cane. In the fall of that year, while driving along the country road, I came across another prairie-schooner, with a happier family of occupants. I asked the man where he was going. "Goin' back East," he said blithely, "back to old Illinois." "Did n't you have a good crop this year ? " I queried. "Splendid, glorious ! Never saw such crops such a yield," he cried. "Well, why are you leaving, then?" I asked. "Stranger," he said impressively, "this is the first time in five years that I have had 51 3 ^Missionary in tfje Great West any crop at all, and it >s the first chance in five years for me to scrape up enough money to get away. I swore if I got the chance I would take it, and that 's why I am goin' back again." Sheridan's Some of the farmers, the better ones, pluck- opinion ily stuck it out, and in many good years they reaped their reward. General Sheridan said that all the nether world needed to make it habitable was water and good society. That country had plenty of society ; it only wanted water. A novel horse Horses were cheap there; in fact, you could hardly give them away. I remember, a stock- man came to a friend of mine, speaking on this wise : "I 've got six young and middling horses, well broke and, considering the hard times, in pretty fair condition. What '11 you give me for them t " "I '11 give you ten just like them," said my friend, "and think myself lucky to save the feed and care of four of them." 52 CHAPTER IV IN" one of the border towns we had services An abandoned in an abandoned saloon. The building was not in a very good location for a saloon 5 that ? s why it was abandoned. But it would do very well for a church, any old place would do for that, you know, so we cleaned it out and fixed it up nicely. The town had been a very wild one, and the saloon had been one of the worst there, which is saying a good deal. Men had been killed within its walls, and some grim, ominous stains under the chancel carpet, which, like Kizzio's blood, could not be washed out, told the story ; but one of the best missions I ever served was lo- cated just there. Services were held on one week-day, after- Exchanging r courtesies with noon and night, every six weeks or so, as I the theatre could get to them, and were so popular that nearly the whole town attended them. A 53 ftecotCections of a wandering and somewhat dilapidated amuse- ment company a concert troupe, I think it was once drifted into the town and made arrangements to give a performance on the night appointed for the services. Very few tickets were sold, and when they inquired the reason they found out that almost everybody was going to church. They came to us then with a pitiful tale, which their appearance bore out, of hard times, bad luck, and small houses, and wanted to know if we could not help them in some way. They said that if I would appoint the hour of service for seven o'clock they would postpone their performance until half-past eight. Besides, they would give me a free ticket, and all hands come to my "show " if I would go to theirs. I accepted their offer, of course. They were all interested attendants at the service, and I believe they reaped a fair reward by their compromise from their own performance afterwards. That is the only instance on record, so far as my knowledge goes, where a theatrical company postponed its performance for Church services. 54 ^Missionary in tfie Great West One summer afternoon I found twenty-seven miles away from a town down in the Indian Territory. I was due there in the evening for services and a wedding. When I went down to the station in the after- noon to take the train, I found that heavy rains and a cloud-burst had washed out the bridges, and that no train would be sent through until the next day. For the same reason it would be impossible to drive, so I determined to ride. A friend of mine, who, because he was the agent of the Standard Oil Company in that country, rejoiced under the name of "Coal-oil Johnny," offered to get a couple of horses and show me the way. So I telegraphed ahead to the anxious bride that I would be there that night a little late, perhaps, but that I would surely come. I strapped up some vestments in a little roll and put it on my shoulders, as I had an idea of what we might expect, mounted the broncos, and away we started. I have ridden many broncos, but this was the worst I ever rode. To be strictly accurate, I could hardly say that I rode him at all ; I 55 myself A wild ride to a wedding "Coal-oil Johnny" And his broncos ^.ecoCC ectlons of a managed to stick on, and that was all. He bucked and kicked and bit and shied and stopped and balked and did everything for which his breed is famous. It sometimes seemed to me that he was doing all these things at the same time. A clerical When he made up his mind to "go," how- spectace eveT ^ h e wen ife e fa G w i n( j. On the old principle of being in Kome and doing as the Komans, I soon learned that the cow-boy method of letting the reins hang loosely, lift- ing them high in the air, digging in the spurs, and yelling frantically in his ear was the best way to accelerate his pace. He would run and continue to run like a frightened deer as long as the notion seized him, and a nice, dig- nified spectacle we must have presented at such times. It was exhilarating, but danger- ous, for the ground was full of prairie-dog holes hidden in the buffalo-grass, and we never knew when the bronco might put his foot in one, break his leg, and perhaps kill his rider, to say nothing of the dog. Spurs Coal-oil Johnny's horse was quite as bad as mine. He said he had meant to give me 56 {Missionary in tfje Great West the better of the two, but mine seemed the worse perhaps because I rode him. They had strapped on my boots a pair of Mexican spurs with rowels like sharks' teeth, which annoyed me very much more than they did my bronco. Every time I inadvertently touched him he had a fit. However, they were the only things by which he could be coerced in any degree. "We had to swim two rivers and one creek. Swimming the I had crossed them a few days before on the train ; they were almost dry in their beds ; now they were roaring torrents. This is a common occurrence with those streams. We forced the horses in the swirling, muddy water of the river, and, when we got into the deep water, slipped out of the saddle, and retaining tight hold of the high horn, swam alongside to relieve them of our weight. The current swept us down the stream with fearful veloc- ity, and it was only after a long, hard struggle that we reached the other bank a long dis- tance below our starting-point. We were forced to mount while the horses were scram- bling out of the water, or we would have had 57 Kecottections of a A grand entree great difficulty in getting into the saddle again. The other streams not being so deep nor so swift, we remained in the saddle. When I was in the deep water and touched him with the spur, I found that I finally had the advantage. He could n't buck or do any- thing but hump himself and snort, both of which he did with great vehemence. Late in the evening we reached the town. Pretty much the whole population were out on the sidewalks, including the groom and friends of the bride, and, amid wild cheering and laughter, the two wet, bedraggled figures rode down the main street, both horses reserv- ing this particular moment for the final exhi- bition of their general and entire wickedness. I could just manage to walk to the church that evening, for I never was so sore and stiff in my life. Twnbleweed We had a pretty wedding, though the con- verted saloon was only decorated with tum- bleweed, and the carpet upon which the bride walked to the groom's spring-wagon was of the kind popularly known as "rag" ; for the bride was pretty and the groom was 58 "(Missionary m tlje Great West manly, and, after all, those are the things which count. I said that the bronco was the best possible in praise of , ,, . . . . , broncos horse for missionary journeyings, and so he is. He is an ugly, ill-tempered, vicious, cross- grained, undersized, half-starved, flea-bitten, abandoned little beast, and he gives the mis- sionary abundant opportunity to practise the sublime virtue of self-restraint. As a horrible example of total depravity he beats anything that I know of. He is apt to do anything, ex- cept a good thing, at any moment. When he appears most serenely unconscious look out for him, for that is the hour in which he medi- tates some diabolical action ! He bucks when he is ridden and balks when he is driven, but once get him going and he shows his mettle. He can go, and go like the wind, and go all day, and live on one blade of grass and one drop of dew, and keep awake all night, and keep you awake, too, and go again all next day, and keep it up until he tires out everything and everybody in competition with him j for when you get 59 RecoLLections of a How they started him One buck him started, you can absolutely depend upon him. He never gets sick nor breaks down, and I do not believe he ever dies. But it is awfully hard getting him started some- times. I knew a missionary party that had a pair of broncos, one of which could be started only in one way. The other, of course, was in sym- pathy with and regulated his movements by his companion. Two disinterested people who were not going with the party would pass the bight of a stout rope around the hind fetlocks of the recalcitrant animal, and each take one end and saw away until you could almost smell the burning hair, when, without one word of warning, the beasts would bolt, and from that time would go all day cheer- fully, at the liveliest kind of a trot, provided they were not halted for anything. If they were stopped the same process would have to be gone over with again. Moral suasion was entirely lost on those horses, yet you could not help liking them $ they were so mean they were actually charm- ing ! I never shall forget the first time that 60 in tge Great West ever I threw my leg across the back of one of these animals. He bucked just one buck. I did not stay with him more than a second, but the impression he made in that second was a lasting one. I can feel it yet. Coal- oil Johnny and his broncos remind Making- up ., .T, . ,, the amount me of my first service in the Territory. All that I asked of the people who came to the services, including a large number of cow- boys, was that they should pay my travelling expenses, my support being provided else- where. After the services I noted that the offering amounted to less than one dollar, which was not nearly enough. I stepped out among the congregation and told them the facts, and stated that I had heard of the proverbial generosity of the cow- boys, and in other places experienced it, but that it did not seem to be a quality of the men before me. There was a pause for a moment, and the nearest man walked up and put a dollar in the collection-basket. His example was followed by others until there were a number of silver dollars there, and I never 61 KecoUections of a had occasion to speak on the subject in that town again. A man and I am very fond of the genuine cow-bov, a hero now fast disappearing. I ? ve ridden and hunted with him, eaten and laughed with him, camped and slept with him, wrestled and prayed with him, and I always found him a rather good sort, fair, honorable, generous, kindly, loyal to his friends, his own worst enemy. The impression he makes on civili- zation when he rides through a town in a drunken revel, shooting miscellaneously at everything, is a deservedly bad one, I grant you 5 but you should see him on the prairie in a round-up or before a stampede. There he is a man and a hero ! What he Speaking of collections, a man came up to me one day after service, and was pleased to address me in this manner : "Say, parson, that there service and sermon was grand. I would n't have missed 'em for five dollars ! " When I suggested that he hand me the difference between the amount he had put in 62 Missionary in tge Great West the collection and the figure he mentioned, for my missionary work, he stopped suddenly, looked at me with his mouth wide open, and then slowly pulled from his pocket four dol- lars and ninety cents, which he handed to me without a word ! He, like many others, resembled that old woman who said she had been a Christian for fifty years, and she thanked God it had never cost her a cent ! I used to have other weddings from time to Seeing his time, and on one occasion I had two in the A raise and same town on the same day, one in the morn- ing, one in the afternoon. The first wedding fee I received was ten dollars, a very large remuneration for the place and people. After the second wedding, the best man called me into a private room and thus addressed me : "What >s the tax, parson?" "Anything you like, or nothing at all," I answered. (I have frequently received nothing.) "Now," said he, "we want to do this thing up in style, but I have had no experience in 63 Recollections of a this business and do not know what is proper. You name your figure." I suggested that the legal charge was two dollars. "Pshaw!" he said, "this ain't legal. We want to do something handsome." "Go ahead and do it," I said ; whereupon he reflected a moment, and then asked me how much I had received for the wedding of the morning. "Ten dollars," I replied. His face brightened at once. Here was a solution to the difficulty. "I '11 see his ante," he remarked ; "Raise him five dollars and call." Whereupon he handed me fifteen dollars. It never The first wedding I ever had was the mar- riage of a cable-car gripman and a little dress- maker. The man disconcerted me greatly by repeatedly urging me before and during the ceremony to hurry up, as he only had a lay- off for one trip. When I finished he said he would see me next week but that next week has never come around. 64 (Missionary in tfje Great West The churches in the West suffer greatly Hard luck from cyclones, properly called tornadoes, though I shall use the popular name. During the four years in which I was connected with one diocese as its archdeacon we lost one church every year from that cause. The dwelling-houses and other buildings of a great many of our adherents were wrecked, and in several instances some of them lost their lives. One Sunday I was called upon to preach a memorial sermon for a young woman who had been killed in one of these cyclones. She was a schoolmistress and was boarding around. With something like a dozen people, I forget the exact number, she was caught in a large house, which stood on the edge of a high bluff, by a tremendous cyclone. The house was completely wrecked, and every in- mate of it except one was killed immediately or died within an hour or so. The one who survived, though badly injured, said that the family were at supper when the storm struck the house ; that the little schoolmistress hap- pened to sit next the omnipresent baby at the table in its high chair. 65 Recottections of a The heroine When they found the poor girl that night, she was still alive, though unconscious, and she died almost instantly. The awful force of the wind had torn from her person everything she had on, including two rings, except one shoe. Her hair was actually whipped to rags. She had been driven through several barbed- wire fences, and every bone in her body was broken. In her arms, however, and clasped tightly to her breast, was the dead body of that little infant ; womanlike, she had seized the child when she felt the shock of the storm, and not even the tornado itself had been strong enough to tear the baby from her arms. It was a splendid example of that altruistic instinct of womanhood upon which religion and society depend. Dead on the field of honor, little mistress of a larger school ! Blessed is her name among those who knew her; and this will give a wider circulation to this story of every-day heroism. Ail the other churches closed their doors on this occasion and united with us in doing honor to this heroic girl. 66 in tfje Great West The first visit the bishop of that missionary jurisdiction made in that town, he had to bury, I think, nineteen victims of that cyclone. One of the churches we lost had just been Freaks of the wind completed a second time after having been partially destroyed previously by fire. About fifteen feet away from the church was a little ramshackle three-roomed house of the flimsi- est construction which was used for the rectory save the mark ! Between the two stood a large maple-tree, certainly a foot in diameter. That cyclone tore the church building to pieces. There was not a single piece of timber left standing, and even the stones of the foun- dation-wall were scattered all over the adjoin- ing country. That tree next to the church was twisted off about six feet from the ground, and the whole top disappeared, we knew not where ; the end that stood in the air was shivered like a paint-brush. And the little rickety house, not ten feet from the tree, and which a strong man might almost have top- pled over, was not injured in the slightest degree ! 67 liecotl ections of a Pluck and Oh, but the people of that mission were persistence plucky , They had lost the first cliurcll by fire, the second by cyclone, and the wind had hardly died down before they commenced to lay plans and raise money that was the first thing, of course to build again. All the com- municants were women. There were one or two men who helped a little, but the bulk of the work was done by the women. Their religious services had been carried on by a lay reader, quite the most inefficient one I ever saw, who was a candidate for orders. He had been transferred to us from another diocese farther east, and we had but little op- portunity to try his mettle. We got all sorts of queer things unloaded upon us from the East, including clergymen. Bishop Williams is reported as having looked back with great satisfaction on the number of men he kept out of the ministry on account of their manifest unfitness, of course. We used to think that many of those he did not keep out came out West. The regular clergy and missionaries were as noble and able and devoted a body of men as any with whom I ever came in contact, 68 in tge Great West but deliver me from those who came West be- cause they failed East. That kindly bishops sometimes palmed them off on their poorer "Western brethren did not help matters at all. This particular lay reader came up for A poser examination shortly after the cyclone, and his ignorance was painful and pitiable. The chief examiner of that diocese, a venerable and learned old priest, asked him as the first question : "Where was our Saviour born?" A look of deep anxiety spread over the face of the young man, who groped around in his mind in painful silence, and finally said hesi- tatingly: "Well, I do not believe I know where he was born. I think maybe it was in Jerusalem ! " "That will do, sir," said the chief examiner, sadly but firmly. "I will not continue the examination any further." The entire unfitness of the young man was Success made manifest by other circumstances as well. Their experience with him, the people said, had been worse than with the cyclone. When he was dropped, they were put on my list by 69 RecolLections of a the bishop for occasional services until I could get them a clergyman. They fitted up the little rectory as a chapel, and began to raise funds for a new church building. When they were in a fair way of completing the desired sum, the city chose to pave the streets around the church, which took all they had in the bank. Nothing daunted, however, they still persisted, and now they have a very pretty little church, a resident clergyman, regular services, and as many men communicants as women. I do not know of anything pluckier than their long fight. They have learned something, too, and, in addition to a fire they carry a cyclone insurance. The vagaries I have known cyclones to play some strange of the tornado _ pranks. On one occasion two horses were lifted up in the air and carefully deposited unharmed in a walled field about an eighth of a mile away. I saw them there. I have seen chickens and geese with every feather torn off of them, picked clean, and still feebly alive. One house I remember had a hole about ten feet in diameter cut out of its roof as 70 Missionary in tfie Great West if by a circular saw, evidently by the very tip- end of the funnel. It was otherwise un- touched. I have seen the black whirling cloud sweep- ing through a valley at a terrific rate, its fell progress marked by the destruction it caused, as it actually leaped and bounded through the air. I saw that one pick up an out-building and apparently lift it up and shake it to pieces as one shakes a pepper-box. One of the worst ones I ever knew tossed a heavy iron safe about as a child might a wooden alphabet-block in play. I have known of a house wrecked and all of its in- mates killed, and other instances where no one was hurt, although the building was liter- ally blown away from them. When buildings were completely torn to pieces they frequently presented the appearance of having been wrecked by some inside explosion, especially if they had been shut up when the storm broke. Of all the manifestations of power that I "^m light- ning ana tevn- ever witnessed. and I happen to have seen pest, ...good Lord, deliver almost everything, from an earthquake down, us " 71 3 lyiissionarY in tfje Great West except a volcano in eruption, a cyclone, or tornado, is the most appalling. The midnight blackness of the funnel, the lightning dart- ing from it in inconceivable fierceness, the strange crackling sound which permeates it the suddenness of its irresistible attack, its in- credibly swift motion, its wild leaping and bounding like a gigantic ravening beast of prey, the destruction of its progress, the awful roar which follows it, the human lives taken in the twinkling of an eye, the wreck of prop- erty and fortune in its trail may God deliver us from that mighty besom of wrath and de- struction ! 72 CHAPTEE V fTTHE physical weakling has no place in the No place for JL missionary work in the West. The dis- l mss tances to be covered are so great, the number of places necessarily allotted to one man so many, the means of transportation so varied and unpleasant, the demands upon strength and bodily vigor so overwhelming, that it is no easy matter for the strongest to live up to the requirements. I had just been holding a parochial mission what most people would call a revival, though with many of the distinguishing fea- tures of a revival omitted in a certain little town. There had been three or four services a day for a week, with a crowded church every night. Naturally the work was exhausting. At the end of the week I was tired, but im- perious necessity compelled me to undertake the following journey. At the close of the mission at half after nine o'clock on Sunday 73 Recollections of a night, on the 1st of January, the weather being clear and intensely cold, I drove, in , company with another man, twenty-two miles to catch a train on the Memphis road. Burglarizing We arrived at the little way-station at half- the station past one in the morning. It was shut up and deserted, and the town was a mile away. We first blanketed our shivering horses, and then set about making ourselves comfortable. We broke into the station through the window, smashed up a packing-box, carried lumps of coal with our hands from a coal-car outside, drenched the whole with oil from the lamp, and with great difficulty made a fire in the stove. After partaking of our frugal lunch, my companion started on his return trip, leaving me alone in the station for a long time. When the train, which was two hours late, came along, I hunted up a lantern and flagged it. When I entered the coach I saw that the Baker heater was in the wrong end of it and the car was like an ice-house. There were several women and children whom the male passengers had made comfortable with 74 In tge Great West their overcoats, who were crowded up close to the heater in the rear end. The men kept themselves alive by walking up and down the aisle in a long line. I joined the procession. We reached Kansas City very late. I had Peanuts for only time to connect with another train ; had no breakfast except peanuts. I have made a meal of peanuts bought from the train-boy many and many a time in my experiences, and have been thankful to get them. I reached my destination about one o'clock ; had services, with sermon and a meeting of the Women's Guild, in the afternoon ; services and sermon again, with baptism and a public re- ception, at night. I retired at 11 : 30 P.M. and arose at 2 : 30 in the morning 'to take another train, which I never left until six o'clock the next evening. After services, a sermon, and a baptism that night, I was thoroughly done up. Here is the record of two weeks, by no what was means unique, taken from my journal ; and be re( l mred f us it noted that at every place where we had 75 ItecotCections of a services there was, of course, a sermon and an address : Friday. Service at M in evening. Saturday. Left M at 3 : 30 A.M. Beached P at 6 P.M. Service. Sunday. Left P at 1 A.M. Reached C at 2 : 30 A.M. Services at 7, 9, and 10 A.M. Left C at 11 : 50 A.M. Beached A at 6 P.M. Services at night and next morning. Monday. Beached C at 3 P.M. Ser- vices afternoon and evening. Tuesday. Drove to M . Services at night. Wednesday. Left for L at 6 A.M. Services at 10 : 30 A.M., 3 : 30 and 7 : 30 P.M. Left L 11 P.M. Sleeping on Thursday. Beached the station at 4 A.M. the platform after driving thirty-two miles. Lay down on the platform and went to sleep until the arrival of the way freight, 5 : 30 A.M. (N.B. This was a common practice in summer. I have had many sound sleeps on station plat- forms, with a valise for a pillow and the open 76 ^Missionary in tf)e Great West sky for a cover.) On freight all day. Beached W at 7 : 30 P.M. Services in the evening and next morning. Friday. Kode ten miles to catch express. Arrived at C at 6 P.M. Services and wed- ding rehearsal that night. Saturday. Services at 7 A.M. Baptismal service at 8 : 45. Services at 9 A.M. Rode five miles into Indian Territory to baptize and admit to the communion a dying man. Baptized his wife and children. Rode back to church, solemnized a marriage. Took train for S at 2 P.M. Services at 8 P.M. Sunday. Services at 7, 9, 10, and 11 A.M. Left at 1 P.M. for W . Services at night. Monday. Drove twelve miles for country service. All-night ride to L . Tuesday. Convocation at L . Wednesday. Eeached H . Two wed- dings in afternoon, services at night. Thursday. Met the bishop in the after- 1 noon. Drove fifteen miles to R . Services. Friday. Services at M . 77 Nearly four times round the world What is an archdeacon ? RecoCCections of a Saturday. Services afternoon and evening atW . Sunday. Services at 8, 10, and 11 A.M. at M. again. Drove twelve miles for after- noon service at W . Returned in time for services at M at 7 : 30 P.M. Monday. I rested. There are dozens of missionaries and clergy- men out West who would regard a trip like that as nothing at all. I did not mind it much myself. In three years, by actual count, I travelled over ninety-one thousand miles, by railroad, wagon, and on horseback, preaching or deliv- ering addresses upward of eleven hundred times, besides writing letters, papers, making calls, marrying, baptizing, and doing all the other endless work of an itinerant missionary. And that reminds me of the question so often asked, What is an archdeacon? He is a man who helps the bishop do just the sort of things I have described. Most people are familiar with the answer of the English bishop who was requested by Parliament to 78 in tfie Great West define the duties and work of an archdeacon, whereupon he sapiently replied that the principal work of an archdeacon was to per- form archidiaconal functions. A friend of mine put it rather cleverly this way : "Considering a deacon as a minister or server, an archdeacon bears the same relation to a deacon as an archfiend does to a fiend he is the same thing, only more so." It was difficult for the people in the little The towns to get the title straight, and I was usu- s p ally advertised as the archbishop. On one occasion, when inquiry was made by some one as to what an archbishop was, this reply was given : "Why, an archbishop is a kind of a boss of the bishop." The bishop and the clergy got hold of this story, and they called me "the boss " until I felt like a politician. The official title of an archdeacon is the Only officially Venerable. People who did not know me would learn that much, and make careful prep- aration for the reception of an old decrepit man warm beds, bright fires, easy-chairs, etc. 79 Recoil ectlons of a When I appeared they would look upon me as a fraud because I was only venerable offi- cially. I enjoyed the comforts just the same. Such a reception was better than being ushered into a stone-cold "best room/ 7 and left with the cheerful remark that no one had slept in the room since "grandmother died." As I crept into bed I did not wonder the poor old lady had expired. I felt like it myself. "Luban' Speaking of missions a moment since re- minds me of an appreciative remark with which I was greeted by a nice old colored sis- ter at the close of one of my missions, which had been held in this instance in a colored church. This turbaned, aged woman at the close of the services grasped me by the hand and said, "Gord bress yer fer yer lub, bruder, an' oh, Gord bress yer fer yer brains ! " 'Doan drop I always valued that saying very highly ; and that reminds me of another old colored woman of my acquaintance, who belonged to the Methodist Church, though she was the sexton of our church. The Methodists were 80 Missionary in tge Great West; having a revival, during which this old woman felt called upon to make a prayer. She com- menced with the stern spirit of an ancient Puritan, and closed with the tenderness of an old Southern mammy : "Oh, Lawd, tek de sinnahs ob C an 7 shek 7 em obah de fiahs ob hell but please, Lawd, doan drap 7 em." I used to meet many interesting characters The brake- upon the trains. Once when I was taking a little relation to visit his grandmother, we came back from the dining-car to our seats in the coach on the B. & M. road, late in the evening, and found the brakeman sitting in one of them, with a little story I had been reading "Sunset Pass," by Captain King in his hand. He immediately arose and handed me the book. "No," I said 5 "sit still and read a little, if you wish to." "No, sir," he replied, resuming his seat ; "I never read any more novels while I am on duty, because of something that happened to me once." 81 RecoU ectlons of a "Oh!" said I, scenting a story, "how was that?" "Well, sir, I was readin' a story one day ? t was a blamed good story, too ; name of it was ' White Cloud' or s fair?" I thought it was very fair. Speaking of music reminds me of the diffi- 7** man wth the versatile culty we often had in getting people to sing voice 87 Recott ections of a in the services. I have sung dnets myself with the organist until the organist got tired and quit for which I could hardly blame her, under the circumstances. And that reminds me of a man who was the possessor of the most versatile voice I ever had the pleasure of listening to, and his courage was as high as his voice was various. We were supposed to have a quartet choir in that mission, but if any of the singers happened to be absent it made no difference in the music, for the man with the comprehensive voice could and would sing any part. I have actually known him to sing the soprano solo of the anthem, and then immediately after sing the bass solo, carry a few bars of the alto part, and wind up with the chorus, all by himself ! 7 T was nobly done, though the effect was startling, and the music never failed when he was there. A good word I spoke of the faithful work of the women. for the men Qf laymen did equally good services. In fact, I know one church in which everything was done by the men, even to the cutting out of the red 88 Missionary in tfie Great West hangings of the chancel, which they decorated with crosses cut out from yellow cloth, which they pasted, or fastened with tacks, to the other. The effect was good enough, though it was not embroidery. The men were the dominant factors in that mission, and it was one of the best in the diocese, never having a bit of trouble within its borders until the women took hold ! There was a lay reader who conducted ser- Stumbling over ..__. . n . the Hebrews vices in another mission. He had been a stout old soldier in his day, and was a first-class man, but his knowledge of Hebrew was lim- ited, and his pronunciation of unfamiliar Bible names was a thing at which to marvel. When he opened the Bible on one occasion to read the lesson, he could not find the place, which was in one of the minor prophets, great stumbling-blocks to more experienced men, by the way, and after turning the pages nervously for some minutes in the face of a tittering congregation, he finally opened the book at random and began to read. As ill luck would have it, he lighted upon 89 g ^Missionary in t/je Great West one of the genealogical chapters in Ezra the second. He struggled along through half a column of Hebrew names, and finally turned the last leaf in the hope that there would be a change in the substance of the chapter on the other side. What he saw proved too much for him, for after one frightened glance he closed the reading in this way : "And a page and a half more of the same kind, brethren. Here endeth the first lesson." 90 o CHAPTEE VI day I was seated in the station at "Held up" -.*- T T -> -L- T by Herbert Medicine Lodge awaiting the train. I Spencer was reading intently, and was absorbed in my book, but I noticed a cow-boy walking about the room eying me, evidently desiring to be sociable. He finally stopped before me, saying : "Good mornin', stranger ; w'at mought you be a-doin' ? " "I am reading," I answered. " Wat are you readin* ? " "A book on evolution." "Wat 's evolution? " he asked curiously. Herbert Spencer's famous definition was on the page before my eyes, and without a sec- ond's hesitation I read it off in the most rapid manner : "Evolution is an integration of matter and concomitant dissipation of motion, during which the matter passes from an indefinite, 91 RecoCt ections of a incoherent homogeneity to a definite, coherent heterogeneity, during which the retained mo- tion undergoes a parallel transformation." The effect was startling. "My God ! " he cried. And then he stepped backward in his tracks, threw up his hands, gazed at me with astonished eyes, and, with jaws dropping in amazement, absolutely backed out of the room. I think this is the only instance on record of a cow-boy being "held up " by Herbert Spencer. I left that town on the little rickety rail- road which was the tenuous link connecting it with civilization, just as a violent storm was arising. Before the train reached the junction point on the main line, a way-station which rejoiced in the utterly incongruous name of Attica, a fully developed sand-storm was raging through the country. It was mid- winter, and the thermometer dropped sud- denly as the whirling masses of dust and sand came sweeping down from the north over the bare prairie. It is impossible to describe adequately the 92 "{Missionary in tge Great West thickness of the atmosphere. No object could have been discerned at a distance exceeding the width of an ordinary street, on account of the sand. The train was stalled in a cut near the station by the mass of sand, which filled the excavation almost up to the platforms of the cars, and the engine "died." To face the swirling mass for any length of time was to have one's face cut to pieces. It was impossi- ble to force an engine through the sand, and even a rotary snow- plow would have made no impression upon it whatever. There was nothing to be done but to abandon the train and wait for the abatement of the storm and then dig it out with shovels. The train-hands and the few passengers They called it made their way to a building, called by cour- tesy a hotel, which stood near the station. The sand-storm died away in the course of the afternoon, and was succeeded by a bliz- zard, so that the sand-heaps were covered by deep snow. Wires were down in every direc- tion and trains blockaded all over the State. The winter wheat had actually been blown out of the ground in many places. It was 93 RecotC actions of a deathly cold. The landlord of the hotel, with his wife and children, occupied one room with a fire in it ; another was given to the women passengers of the train ; and that exhausted the tale of the rooms which were heated. Ventilation The house was so old that I could push mop-Lard aside the mop-board and thrust my foot out into the air through the rotten weather boarding in the room which was allotted to me for sleeping. There were no blankets on the bed, which was of the variety known as "shuck." I lay down on the comfortable singular misnomer ! with all my clothes on, including my shoes, it was the first time I ever went to bed with my boots on, and rolled myself up within its compass. But it was absolutely impossible to sleep, the cold was so intense ; so a little after midnight I arose, went down to the office, and kindled a fire. I was joined presently by the rest of the men, who had been similarly accommodated. Out of it alive By the next morning the storm had died away, leaving the ground covered with snow, though the intense cold still continued. 94 in tge Great West There was illness in my family, and as I was unable to communicate with them by tele- graph, I felt my presence at home was impera- tive. By dint of much persuasion and the expenditure of almost all the money I had, I succeeded in getting two horses and a sleigh with which to drive to the town, whence I hoped the railroad might be open. I was to leave the horses until called for. I reached the town all right, with one hand and part of my face frost-bitten, took the train, made an- other railroad connection, ran into a drift, tried it again, and after two other similar ex- periences reached my destination five days late. The family were all right when I got there. Snow blockades were frequent. I was on The Overland Limited a freight-train, one winter morning, which pulled into a little siding to allow the Over- land Limited to pass and proceed on its way. There was a bit of woodland down the road, out of which the tracks sprang in a rather sharp curve. I stepped out of the caboose and stood on the little station platform to 95 RecoU ectlons of a watch the express-train go by. I always do that; I like to see it. We could hear the roar of it a long distance over the prairie, coming nearer and nearer. Suddenly, like the thunderbolt itself, it darted out of the screen of woodland, whirled around the curve, and, rocking like a storm, made for the station. It passed by at a speed of more than fifty miles an hour a great train of Pullman cars drawn by a splendid engine. It split the air like a flash of lightning. The ground fairly quivered under the weight of it. The roar in our ears was appalling. The dust swept by us as if from a cyclone. The eye had scarcely time to realize its approach before the concus- sion of its passage stopped the breath. Almost before the roar had died away it was gone. Such a splendid exhibition of applied power and science I have not often seen. As I stood there recovering my composure, a little drop of snow drifted softly down and rested gently upon my cheek. And its master "Ah," said I, as I felt the cold touch, look- ing after the train in vanishing perspective already far away, "this is that which masters 96 in tge Great West you." And before the night fell, that avalanche of steel, that modern embodiment of force and power, was lying quiet and helpless, its fires burnt out, its life gone, in the grasp of mil- lions of tiny little crystals like that which had just caressed my cheek. It was quite a diversion, when blockaded by Opening the snow, to get on the rotary plow at division headquarters and go out to open the road to see the great white masses of snow in the cuts looming up before you in the moonlight ; to push into it with the full strength and speed of the engine, and see it fly ; to back off and con- tinue the process until the way was clear. The roads ran through walls of corn in sum- mer and through walls of snow in winter. I know not which were the more beautiful. Speaking of division headquarters reminds A bicycle story me that one day, while I was waiting there to make a connection, a young man came into the station looking utterly broken in body and spirit. He was white, nervous, and shak- ing, and he was feebly pulling a bicycle after him. I happened to know him, for he was a 97 RecoCtections of a member of one of my mission stations up the State. It seems that he had taken his wheel to make a journey of several hundred miles to inspect some land in which he was interested. In the course of his journey he had crossed a very large prairie-field, which was broken about the middle by a high and unusual transverse ridge. When he had climbed the ridge and mounted his wheel to proceed, he noticed what the rise of ground had obscured from him that the field was filled with Texas cattle grazing in little bunches of from ten to fifty. Just as he started, one or two of the "long-horns " caught sight of him. I presume, as it was years ago, the steers were not familiar with the machine in the country from which they came. One bunch followed its leader over to investigate. My young friend natu- rally accelerated his pace, whereupon the cat- tle took after him. Presently other bunches caught the contagion of the pursuit, and the cattle on that field indulged in a grand man- hunt. Fortunately the trail across it was straight 98 "(Missionary in tfje Great West and level and led directly to an immense gate. Chased by the , "long-horns" The boy bent down over his wheel and pedalled for his life. He could hear the bel- lowing of the cattle and the tramping of their feet behind him 7 but he looked neither to the right nor the left. He had no idea what he should do when he reached the gate. All his mind was fixed upon one necessity to keep ahead! He thinks he gained a little upon them, and, as Providence would have it, as he neared the gate he saw that it was open. The road at that point took a sudden swerve, ran along parallel to the side of the enclosing wall, and then crossed the stockade through the heavy gate at a very acute angle. He dashed through the opening like a flash of lightning, lost his pedals as soon as he got out- side, darted along furiously for a short dis- tance, struck a rut or a rock, was pitched off, and lay senseless on the ground. The man who owned the range opportunely happened to visit it at that moment. He had seen the boy on the wheel, had opened the gate to let him pass through, and, with one or two attendants, had ridden in and headed off 99 RecoCtections of a the rushing cattle, else tlie lad would certainly have been killed. The just judge One of the men in one of my missions was a judge remarkable not only for his ability, but for his upright and rigid impartiality. A case was being tried before him in which the community were much interested. The pris- oner was very unpopular among the people, and every one was anxious that he should be convicted, though there was a strong doubt of his guilt. At the close of the trial, the prose- cuting attorney ended his address something like this : "The people expect a conviction in this case, and they demand that the prisoner be found guilty and sentenced to the extreme penalty of the law. They will be satisfied with nothing else at the hands of the court and the jury." Whereupon the judge remarked gravely : "I know a case which happened long ago in an Eastern land, gentlemen, where the voice of the people was practically unanimous in demanding the execution of a prisoner, and 100 in tfie Great West they so worked on the feelings of the judge that he sentenced an innocent man! " It was, of course, necessary that I board Entertained by around, on my visits to different places. The hospitality of the people was always gener- ously and freely given too generously some- times, in fact, for they frequently never left me a moment alone. Sometimes, after spend- ing the day with me, my hostess would excuse herself, upon the plea of urgent household de- mands, and say something to this effect : "But we won't allow you to get lonesome. Here 's little Johnny" (aged three) j "he will entertain you." Which meant that I was to play for the rest of the day with "little Johnny." I used to long for a chance to get "lonesome " some time. In one other particular the hospitality was Onthepreva- not enjoyable, and that was when the piece de resistance of the menu was chicken. It seems to me that I have had chicken three times a day for a week at a time. This statement is probably incorrect as to facts, but it serves to 101 Recottections of a show the impression left upon me after the years that have intervened. It was fre- quently presented to me with the remark that "preachers always liked it, especially the yellow-legged kind." Yellow-legged chickens, not preachers, be it understood. If anything could make chicken unpalatable to me beyond the mere fact that it was chicken, it would be the thought of the "yellow-legged kind." It seemed to me that I had chicken scrambled, fried, soft-boiled, and in every other possible shape. The charge of Chicken to the right of me, chicken to the left of me ? chicken before me, chicken behind me ! Chicken, chicken everywhere, and not a drop to drink ! which is a mixture of met- aphors, or something; but let it pass, as it was in a prohibition State ! I wondered sometimes that I did not turn into a chicken myself. I think I could write a feeling essay "On the Prevalence of Chicken in the Diocese of X ." Once in a while fortune was kind to me, and when I would make a visit to a new town they would have meat, whereupon I never failed elaborately to express my gratifi- 102 (Missionary in tge Great West cation at the absence of chicken. The news would soon be disseminated among the people of the community, and chicken would be con- spicuous by its absence from every table where I was a guest in that town. But if I struck chicken on my first visit I had it forever after. When it was not chicken it was usually ham. I remember one little town I used to make One maid of . , . , , T all work to a in which a rather curious thing happened. I town was entertained, of course, at a different house on every visit. On my first visit I remarked that I did not drink coffee. (Since coming East I have learned to do so, with other bad habits I have acquired.) On my second visit my hostess remarked : "You do not drink coffee, I believe." "No," I said, "I do not." On my third visit, to another house, the same question and answer passed. I was more surprised, but said nothing until the conversation had been repeated five differ- ent times. Then I ventured to ask an ex- planation. When the remark was made I replied : 103 Recollections of a "No, I do not; but may I ask who told you?" "Mrs. Biggus," answered my hostess. "Who is Mrs. Biggus?" "Well," said the lady, waiting until the maid left the room, "she is the only woman whom we can secure for domestic service in the town. Everybody who entertains you has had her at the same time, to help while you were there. She knows what you like and has told every one." Mrs. Biggus and I met frequently after that at different houses, and became fast friends. She was a wise old woman, and always staved off the threatened chicken. Poverty's Me- One day I was visiting a little mission where per> services were carried on by a lay reader. Just before the service a note was brought in asking prayers for a little Sunday-school scholar sick with typhoid fever. After the service the lay reader and I went over to the home of the little lad to see him. His mother, who had been deserted by a drunken husband, lived, with two little children, in a 104 fllfesionaiy in t/)e Great West two-roomed hovel it would be an insult to architecture to call it a house. It was winter again, and the front room was cold. There was no fire in it, and the woman, with her children, was in the other room, the kitchen. The little lad, about six years old, in the last and lowest stages of typhoid fever, was lying upon an old dilapidated sofa. A little baby girl, about two years old, was dying of pneumonia on a soiled pillow on a rickety Boston rocker. The broken but uncomplain- ing woman sat between the two, the picture of despair, weeping the silent, bitter tears of ground-down poverty and sorrow. We did what we could to comfort her, and as we walked away I said to the lay reader that the children would undoubtedly die, and if he would let me know I would try to provide for their funeral expenses. "It is not necessary," he replied promptly. "My people, who are all poor like these, have contributed a little fund for just such emer- gencies as this. That woman there has never failed to make a weekly offering to that fund, and we need no outside help." 105 RecolCections of a Two generous Oh, the generosity of the poor! How it counts, and what it means to God and man ! I was preaching and asking for missionary money once before two different congrega- tions on the same day. The next day brought me two contributions. One was a check for one thousand dollars (this was in the East) from a noble and generous woman who was as kind as she was wealthy. The other was an assortment of petty coins, amounting to thirty cents, from a blind woman, an inmate of an eleemosynary institution, who had no income of any kind save what accrued to her from the sale of some useless articles of her own feeble handiwork, which she disposed of in- frequently to the curious who chanced to visit the home. This thirty cents was all she had made, all that she was likely to have for a long time. I valued the one gift no more than the other. No money in That was not the point of view of a certain tionclasjT treasurer of a congregation I once knew. The confirmation class which was presented to the bishop was a very large one, but most 106 in tge Great West of its members were young, and those who were not were poor. "Yes/ 7 said the treasurer, in response to the rather enthusiastic com- ment of the minister, "yes, it is a nice class, but I do not think we will rent any pews in it." The same man, speaking of an unusual congregation at an evening service, said to the same minister : "Yes, you are right 5 it is a large congregation ; but there is no money in it." I was preaching about missions another Hoist by my time, urging the congregation to make some vn sacrifice for the missionary cause, and indicat- ing to them several methods by which they could follow my advice. Among other things, I suggested that they refrain from purchasing any book which they very much desired, and donate the money to me instead for my mis- sionary work. I happen to have perpetrated a book myself.* You will therefore under- stand my feelings when a very bright woman in the congregation came up to me and handed me a dollar, with this remark : * I have perpetrated several since then I 107 Recolt ectlons of a "I had intended to buy your book and read it, Mr. Brady, but I have concluded to follow your advice and give you the money for mis- sions instead." I accepted the situation gracefully and the money gratefully, and told her that I would lend her my own copy of the book to read. She smiled and thanked me, and as she did so I voiced my thought in this way : "But, after all, Mrs. R , there does not seem to be any sacrifice on your part in this transaction, for you have the happy conscious- ness of having given the money, for missions, and yet have the book as well." "No sacrifice?" she replied. "Why, I have to read the book ! " Good for the Speaking of that book, a fine old clerical m library friend of mine read it, and after complimenting me upon it, concluded his remarks as follows : "Well, Archdeacon, there are several ' damns 7 and a 'hell' or two in that book of yours, but, after all, I thought it might well go into the parish library "whether as a fright- ful example or not, he did not tell me. 108 in tge Great West There is humor everywhere, even in so Revenue from staid and conservative a document as the J e sraveyat journal of a diocesan convention, with its dry parochial statistics. One report I recall was accompanied by a note like this : "The parish has added four acres to its graveyard, and hopes for a large increase in its revenue from that addition." 109 CHAPTER VII Profanity /~\NE day on the 'Frisco road the engine \J broke down. It was a freight-train, and I was the only passenger ; consequently I went out and worked with the train crew, pulling and heaving and hauling with the rest. I knew something about the principles of me- chanics, and was familiar with the machine as well, being quite capable of running the engine myself, and was therefore able to ad- vise them to some purpose. The work was carried on under a vigorous and uninter- rupted flow of profanity, profusely and pic- turesquely weird in the highest degree. It was not so shocking as it might be under other circumstances, for I knew the men meant nothing by it that it was only a mat- ter of habit with them, as it is with ninety people out of a hundred who are guilty of the same bad practice. Finally I suggested an interruption in the swearing, as I was a 110 3 (Missionary in tfie Great West preacher. The head brakeman dropped his crowbar with a look of abject astonishment. Everybody else let go at the same time, and the engine settled down again. They looked at me in consternation, which was very amusing. "H 1 and blazes ! " said the conductor, "you are a what? " "A preacher," I replied. "Well, I 7 m d d ! " he answered, with a long whistle of astonishment. He regarded me thoughtfully for a moment, A man, anyway and finally said, "Well, sir, you work like a man, anyway. Ketch hold again." "All right," I answered, smiling at his frankness ; "but no more swearing on this trip." "Nope," was the laconic reply. And the promise was kept. At the close of our manoeuvres, when we all stood panting but successful, the engineer remarked : "Well, it 7 s the first time I ever saw a preacher that knowed a reversing-lever from a box-car before. Come up and ride with me the rest of the way." Aside from 111 RecoUections of a his profanity, I found Mm a pleasant and in- teresting companion, and whenever I made the town at the end of his run, he never failed to come to church. An interroga- On that same train, earlier in the day, I rode tion-point for a long distance alone with a living inter- rogation-point. As I am something of an in- terrogation-point myself, as far as regards men from whom I make a practice of constantly seeking to acquire information on the subjects they know, we clashed considerably. Just before he got off, he was speaking of some friend of his, and said in a very naive way : "Yes, John is a very different man from me. We ain't one bit alike, and John is one of the most honest men I ever knew." I was glad, after that statement, that he did not try to borrow a dollar from me before he left. The criticism Speaking of a most honest man reminds me of Orsdwus of another old friend of mine, who rejoiced under the peculiar name of Orsamus Stocuin. Once, when referring to a sermon he had heard me preach, he remarked that it was a 112 Missionary in tfje Great West very good sermon, but "pretty middlin' long," and lie thought I "must ? a 7 got awful tired preachin' it." I had. I did not always meet with pleasant recep- Warned to keep away tions at new places, and I was warned on one occasion that no services were desired and that none would be permitted, and that if I consulted my own interests and the interests of peace and harmony, which I was supposed to promote, I would stay away. Of course, after that, nothing on earth could keep a man from going to just that place. On my arrival I was met by a large body of citizens who had no interest either in me or in religion, but who were determined to see fair play. They escorted me to a hotel, had secured a vacant store building, and were all ready for trouble if those whom they called the anti-religious faction desired to make any. In fact, I think they were thirsting for trouble. There were no women at services that night j nothing but men and "guns." I did not feel particularly cheerful, but 113 Recolt ections of a managed to get through some way, and tried, somehow or other, to win over the opposing faction, so that in subsequent visits "guns " would be laid aside. But we had no trouble, and I managed to get hold of them all event- ually, so that my truculent escort was dis- pensed with in future visits, and the women came to church. Time to be in- When once you get the friendship of those troduced frontiersmen you are all right ; you can say anything to them. But they are so very hasty with their weapons that frequently you do not have an opportunity to get properly in- troduced. A Western Later, at this very town, I was present at a entertainment little entertainment given for the benefit of the church, and it was certainly entertaining. There were no programs, so, just before the curtain rose, an embarrassed young man came out on the stage and stated that there was to be a Queen of Fame who had a laurel wreath which she would award to the most correctly represented historical character present. He closed with this sentence : 114 in t/je Great West "The curtain will now raise, then the char- acters come in, one by one, an 7 each particular character says what 7 s his or her particular claim to this here wreath." The curtain rose, the goddess appeared, and then the characters, particular and otherwise, made their appearance before her. It was indescribably funny. Izaak Walton was dressed in a pair of patent wading-boots and a cork helmet, Pocahontas flirting with a Japanese fan, Michelangelo in a bicycle suit and gray wig and beard, Xanthippe wear- ing a red cheese-cloth waist, tight-fitting, with apron and white mob-cap, and carrying a fire-shovel with which to coerce the unfortu- nate Socrates, who was gloomily enshrouded in an appropriate black domino. (N. B. The costumes were not meant to be burlesque 5 and the whole thing was serious very serious to the performers, and mainly so to the audi- enceexcept to me.) Diogenes was wrapped in a Navajo blanket, Leif Ericson was dressed in an astonishing costume decorated with feathers and scalps, his feet covered with Indian moc- 115 RecoCtections of a casins, and a lady's white ruche tied around each ankle. Emma Abbott, Mlsson, and Jenny Lind each sang songs. Joan of Arc appeared in knickerbockers and boots, carry- ing the cover of a wash-boiler. Miriam led her Jewish maidens on deck, one of them merrily playing on a banjo ; and so on. The ' ' Halle- During the intermission, as this was profess- lujah Chorus ' ' on the trombone edly a "semi-religious " affair, the orchestra, which consisted of two fiddles and a horn, played an anthem, and finished with the "Hal- lelujah Chorus," the hallelujah portion being taken by the melancholy trombone. I said at the close that I had learned more in one brief evening than I ever thought possible ; I knew more about ancient costumes than ever before. A border town This is a description of one of the most primitive towns I ever ministered to, which I take from a letter written at the time : "It is a frontier cattle town of the kind you read about in dime novels if you ever read any. It consists of one long, straggling street, lined on both sides with frame stores, 116 ^Missionary in tfie Great West saloons, and gambling dens, mostly unpainted. There are twelve saloons on the street and only about three hundred people in the town. Faro, keno, "craps," and every other kind of gambling games are going on at full blast and with no attempt at concealment. There every man you meet carries a "forty-five," i.e., a 45-caliber revolver, and a belt of cartridges at his waist. "I stayed at the Grand Central. The mag- nificence of the name and the comforts of the hotel are in an inverse ratio to each other. The rooms are tiny, and the partitions thin boards or canvas screens ; therefore the con- versations are audible and forcible. I asked for toast last night at supper, and had the pleasure of hearing the cook inquire, 'What in does the dude preacher want toast at night for ? Tell him he can't have it. I ain't givin' out no toast to nobody at this hour. 7 If I had known how he would have taken it, I would have starved before I asked for it. "There is not a tree in the town, and no grass (I know places where not even the cot- 117 RecolCections of a tonwood would grow, in spite of the fact that the ground around the trees for ten feet in every direction was ploughed up and watered regularly). The streets are as hard as iron ; it has not rained for months. Water, how- ever, does not appear to be in demand. Very few drink it, and not many wash. 1 feel peaceable "The day before I arrived, three despera- does broke out of the jail after killing a guard, armed themselves, and fled. The sheriff and a posse made up of all the male citizens, and a few of the female, immediately started in pursuit, overtook them, fought them, killed two of them, and wounded another desper- ately. One of the deputy sheriffs had his arm blown off in the fight. This was looked upon as quite an ordinary affair, exciting little com- ment, and only elicited a brief notice in the weekly newspaper, with a significant warning to the rest of the prisoners in the jail to stay there until they were released. I should think they would stay. I never felt so peace- able in my life. I really have no desire to quarrel with any one. "The church is an unceiled, unsheathed 118 in tge Great West wooden building, unpainted also, the only A relief from church in town. Everybody nearly comes to ' aro church to services. They look upon it as an intellectual diversion perhaps, and as a relief from the monotony of faro, at which they al- ways lose. This morning, while waiting for service time, I stood in the big 'general store ? and watched the scene. It struck me as something incongruous to see a six-foot man, bearded like the pard, with a mustache fierce enough for Don Cesar de Bazan, with a red flannel shirt on, and armed with the usual forty-five, selling baby clothes. It amused me inwardly, but I assure you I was grave out- wardly. As I stood by and watched the transaction, I would not have expressed my real feelings for the whole store. Most of the clerks are as piratical-looking as the one mentioned, and most of the customers ditto. "There was a street-fight this morning be- tween two ruffians about a claim, in which one was badly used up. The monotony of the landscape was also broken by the attempt of a famous ' buck -jumper 7 to conquer an equally famous bronco. The man finally won, but it 119 Recoil ections of a was after a struggle which almost beggars de- scription. Livelier on "They tell me that it is very quiet here, and that I should see the 'city' on Saturday and Sunday, when the boys are in from the range. Heaven forbid ! It has been bitter cold all day and night, and is about 100 this morning. The wind blew a simoon from the south all day Thursday, and it was as hot as ' India's coral strand.' On Friday a norther swept down upon us, and the temperature makes one think of 'Greenland's icy mountains.' The inhabitants themselves remind me of another line of that old missionary hymn. "We know not what the weather will be later on ; it has not yet developed. Many of the inhabitants live in dugouts, some in sod houses, with here and there a lonesome, star- ing, ambitious, wretched little 'Queen Anne cottage,' unpainted." This did not seem a very promising field for the Church, yet we subsequently succeeded in establishing services, and now the mission is thriving and the character of the town is entirely changed. 120 Missionary in tge Great West One of my Sunday circuits necessitated a Doubling the start from my home at one o'clock on Satur- day afternoon. By continuous travelling I would reach my first point at seven o'clock Sunday morning. Services were at half-past seven in a pretty little farm church several miles from the station, built right out in the fields. This church was afterwards destroyed by a cyclone. The farmers who made up the con- gregation had no money, but they had land, and they each one of them planted one acre of their best land in wheat, which was to be harvested and sold for the new church. The crops failed. Next year they planted two acres. The crops failed again. And the third year they planted three acres, and had a fine harvest, the proceeds of which they reli- giously set aside for the new church building fund, which presently enabled them to replace the wrecked building. Such perseverance I have not often seen. Every time they lost they doubled the stakes on the Lord's side till they won. After that early service, which, be it re- 121 Recollections of a A door-keeper membered, they only had once in about five the Lord or s ^ weeks, I drove or rode to a little town nine miles away. The church people in that town were of a different sort, and I frequently had to sweep and dust out the building, and in winter kindle the fire myself, besides ring- ing the church bell, which was a very large hand affair, such as auctioneers or small res- taurant-keepers use. I have often stood on the street and swung that bell until I could gather some sort of a congregation. This was only at first, however, for later the people waked up and did what was proper. Hustling times When that service was over, I would get a lunch packed in a little basket. At first I had it packed at a hotel, but afterwards the people did it for me, and very nice lunches they were. Armed with my little basket, I would drive twelve miles to another town, holding a service there about two o'clock, after which I would take the afternoon train for my fourth station and service at night. Sometimes not always, but almost every other time I would have to ride between twenty and thirty miles to catch another train, 122 in tge Great West and this would compel me to get up about two o'clock in the morning. Those were hustling times ! Though an Eastern man, I learned to hustle Too Western with the rest so much so, in fact, that I have never been able to get out of the habit, and I was recently told, therefore, that I was "too Western for a civilized diocese." Speaking of lunches put up for me, nothing "Scrapple" could exceed the generosity of the people with what they had. I used to reach home generally feeling and looking like a truck- wagon. Pots of jam, the omnipresent pre- serves (they were worse on preserves out there than a New-Englander is with his pie), jars of pickled onions, fruit, loaves of home- made bread I carried them all home. But my crowning achievement was the transportation of several pounds of "scrapple " for five days over a thousand miles of country. There was only one place in eighty thousand square miles of territory in which that delec- table compound was made, by an old Pennsyl- 123 Recoil ectlons of a vania friend of mine, and I was determined to get it home. I succeeded, but the oleagi- nous concoction ruined my "grip " ! Peripatetic One of the churches I mentioned a moment since had been built by an English farm col- ony, which, as its members knew nothing of farming, came quickly to grief. The pretty little building stood alone on the prairie, ut- terly useless. One fine day we raised it on wheels, hitched teams to it, and hauled it some twenty miles over the prairie (fortu- nately there were no watercourses interven- ing) to a little town, where it found a perma- nent abiding-place and did good service. "We often moved church buildings over the country, following the people after "busted booms " had forced them into other localities. Breaking up When I stayed longer than an hour or two e sr l in any place, I always told the people to have as many services as they liked that I would conduct them and preach at all of them. As many of them only had services when I would come to them, once every six weeks or so, 124 Missionary in tge Great West they often availed themselves of my permis- sion, and sometimes astonished me by the number of occasions for preaching and ser- vices that were invented. After I had succeeded in working up two or three missions in any neighborhood to a partially self-supporting basis, the bishop would get a little money from the East, and add to it what the people could provide, and we would put a resident missionary in the field. In fact, that was my chief duty. I was only to break up the ground and prepare the way a sort of ecclesiastical pioneer. But there were some places which were too poor or too far away ever to be combined, and these I took care of all the time. Train robberies and bank robberies were fre- Tram robberies quent ; we were used to them. I remember, the wife and daughter of a friend of mine, an army officer stationed on the frontier, were going East. As the train started out of Chi- cago they heard sounds like pistol-shots from the roadside. The woman and her daughter immediately dropped to the floor between the 125 Recottections of a seats of the Pullman, and crouched down, re- maining thus concealed until they saw they were attracting a great deal of attention from the amused passengers. When they were asked for an explanation of their singular conduct, they could only say that they thought that it was a "hold-up " of the train, and they were doing as they had been taught. The Dalton I was at Coffeyville a day or two after the famous raid by the Daltons, in which all the raiders were killed except one, who was des- perately wounded and captured. In the action several of the citizens lost their lives as well. The town for months after was in a state of siege. Every man had a Win- chester in his office or store, and it was almost as much as his life was worth for a suspicious character to enter a bank. Revol- vers were sprinkled everywhere. Dying game In one little town, where there was but one bank, two men rode into the town in the morning, walked into the bank, shot the pres- ident dead, mortally wounded the cashier the clerk, fortunately for him, being at the 126 in tge Great West post-office. The men seized all the available cash inside the counter and rode off. They were immediately pursued by the citizens, led by the city marshal. The robbers, hard pressed, took shelter in a "cooley," or gully. They had chosen a strong position for defence, and had put one or two bullets into some careless and reckless citizens before they were discovered. The cooley, which was a very short one filled with dry wood and underbrush, was im- mediately surrounded by the posse. After a consultation they sent back to town for several barrels of oil, which they poured down the ravine from the hill, or the inside end, and then set fire to the mass. The bank robbers stood it as long as they could, and came staggering out of the opening, blinded by the smoke, firing irregularly. They wounded one man, but were promptly lassoed and deprived of their weapons. Trial was dispensed with, and the prisoners were mounted on the tail of a wagon, a noose was cast about each man's neck, and the ends of the ropes fastened to the limb of a stumpy tree. 127 g (Missionary in tge Great West "Got anything to say before you die?" asked the marshal, grimly. "Nothing" said the leader of the band of two, a boy of twenty-one years of age. "We did it. I shot the cashier myself. We '11 show you that we ain't afraid of you. We only want you to tell the boys that we died game." "We '11 do it," said the marshal, apprecia- tively. "Get up," he laconically shouted to the bronco ; and that was all. That was the town in which I buried the Daughter of the King of whom I told you. 128 CHAPTER VIII TO turn to lighter themes, I had a wedding one day at another frontier town. There was no church there, and as we sat waiting for the bride and groom to come into the parlor, some of the men present began giving personal reminiscences of their own weddings, one man speaking thus : "When I was married, nothin' would do my ol' woman but that I must have a pair of white kids. She 'd been raised right, back East, an' she knowed they was the proper thing. Kids on them things, boys ! " he said, bursting into deep laughter, and exhibiting a pair of red hands that would have consorted well with the physique of a Samson. "Just think of it ! But I sent East for 'em, an 7 got 'em, too. It took some time, an' we had to put off the weddin', for they had to be made a special size. An' when the weddin' night come, I worked for an hour gettin' 'em on, 129 The only kid gloves in the Territory fcecotCections of a busted 7 em to pieces before I got through, an 7 gosh ! I sweat like a roped steer. But my wife she said, ragged or not ragged, it was the finest weddin' in the Territory, 'cause nobody had never been married in kids there before." The bride balks The bride, who was a head taller than the at obeying groom, was a bold, vigorous, red-faced, mas- culine-looking woman, while the groom was a rather timid, sallow little man. She said she was twenty-two and he was twenty-one. It was midsummer, and as they stood under the hanging lamp the perspiration poured off the bride's face in streams. When we came to that part of the service in which the woman promises to obey her husband to be, there was a pause. The big bride looked down on the little groom, and evidently felt the in- congruity of the situation. "Can't you let that pass, parson?" she whispered pleadingly. I was inexorable, however, so she finally complied with the requirements, but with an exceedingly bad grace, and we finished the service. I think the company were all surprised 130 '{Missionary in tfje Great West that I did not kiss the bride. But I remem- Her religious bered a story told me by another missionary, P nne S es to the effect that on a similar occasion he did kiss the bride, whereupon the husband be- came abusive and threatened him, at which the lady promptly interfered. Laying aside her bridal veil and catching her husband by the shoulder, she shook him vigorously, re- marking at the same time that she "did n't allow no man to interfere with her religious privileges, even if he was married to her ! " At a wedding rehearsal once the groom, not " The bride usually an ornament, though a necessary appanage, was wondering where he should go and what he should do. "Oh," said the best man, "nobody cares what you do and where you go ! " His intended simpered, looked longingly at him, smiled weakly, and remarked boldly, "The bride cares." Occasionally I attended other weddings. The Hard on Epis- first time I did so I happened to sit by a copa very bright woman, who said to me, when I remarked that this was the first wedding I 131 Recottections of a had ever seen outside of an Episcopal Church, "Oh, you Episcopalians never see anything outside of your own Church, anyway ! " She was the mother of a delicious little tot who concluded her baby prayers in this origi- nal way : "And please, God, take care of everybody ; and O God, take care of Your- self, for You know You are the Boss of us all." Indomitable There was a little town which I will call X , where they had built a nice little church and rectory. Just as they fancied themselves on secure foundation, trouble began. Two of the vestrymen quarrelled over the wife of another, and one of the combatants shot the other dead on the public street. The mur- derer is now serving a life sentence in the peni- tentiary (capital punishment not being the custom in that commonwealth) for his crime, and the woman has gone I know not where. This was a staggering blow for the little church, and it was followed by another ; for the building was shortly afterwards destroyed by a cyclone, which wiped out about one half 132 ^Missionary in tfje Great West of the town, by the way, and they had no in- surance. There were but two or three men left, and a dozen women and some children, who remained connected with the mission. They had no services except very occasional ones from me, yet they immediately began to raise money for another church building. One of the men still in connection with the mission was a banker. By hard work the women had raised some three hundred dollars, which had been deposited in the bank of this man. In one of the seasons of panic the bank failed and they lost everything. It will hardly be believed, but these indom- itable women, with no men to help them this time, began their efforts again efforts which have finally been crowned with well-deserved success. This is the kind of stuff the peo- ple are made of out there. It requires the most unbounded enthusiasm and determina- tion, the most unyielding perseverance and courage, to be a pioneer in anything, whether it be breaking up a farm or establishing a church. 133 RecolC ectlons of a An Irish bull It was in that town that I attended a union meeting in which one of the ministers began his prayer with words of thanksgiving for the "thoughts thunk to-night." And it was near that place, also, that I was delivering an ad- dress before a body of old soldiers, when I was greeted with roars of laughter, the cause of which I was ignorant of until I was told by friends that I had gravely announced myself as "the son of a soldier father and the daugh- ter of a soldier mother." Why the Lot- People were not always faithful to the ter-day Saints failed Church, however, for I remember one little town which had been more or less abandoned for twelve years. I could not find a single member of the Church left, except one old lady who had been bedridden for a number of years. "Yes," she said, in answer to my inquiry, "I am still a member of the Episcopal Church, I reckon. We did have about a dozen mem- bers once. There was" and she called over a number of names. I interrupted her in each case by asking what had become of the person mentioned. 134 ^Missionary in tfje Great West "She 7 s joined the Latter-day Saints," was the answer, when the subject of my question had neither removed nor died. "It seems to me that everybody has joined the Latter-day Saints," I commented. "Yes," she replied, " 'most every one. They had a revival here, and got them all except me." "Why did n't they get you? " I asked. "I reckon because I was bedridden and could not get out where they could get at me," she answered frankly. One day the bishop inadvertently sent two The rivals clergymen to conduct services and preach in a certain church at the same time on Sunday morning. Both were very old men, and each one was fond of preaching. As they were on the retired list, they did not have frequent opportunities for doing so. Each was much surprised to see the other at the church. They had no difficulty, however, in dividing the services between them, but the question as to who was to preach was a harder prob- lem. Each man had made up his mind that 135 Kecottections of a lie would do the preaching and the other should not enjoy the opportunity. The services went on smoothly enough until the singing of the last verse of the hymn which comes before the sermon. During the singing the younger of the venerable brethren stepped out from his seat and openly knelt down in the sight of everybody for his pre- liminary prayer, which he concluded in much less time than usual, lest he should be caught napping, and then he rose and turned to the pulpit. The older man for the nonce had dispensed with his private prayers, and as soon as his brother cleric had knelt down, he had promptly walked into the pulpit. As the younger preacher stood looking at his rival in open-mouthed astonishment and consterna- tion, the old man bowed gracefully to him, and turning to the congregation, triumphantly began his sermon. Lost identity From old men to children is a long step to take. I had one little friend who was devot- edly attached to my son, and he never suc- 136 in tge Great West ceeded in referring to me in any other way than as "Mr. Brady's little boy's papa." I came home from church late one evening, Said them to and found my wife seated on the porch. I was met with the request that I go up-stairs and straighten out the children, who had been sent to bed long since, but had not gone to sleep. I found one of them lying on the bed, her feet drawn up and concealed in her night- gown, and the other sitting in a constrained position on the floor, in the same way. "What >s all the trouble? " I asked. "Sister won't say her prayers," remarked the boy. "I did say them," answered the little girl, promptly. "Well, you did n't say them to me," he persisted. "I said them to God," she replied trium- phantly, "and you did n't say yours to anybody." "She 's gone to bed with her clothes on," retorted the little boy, attempting to get back on account of this master stroke. 137 ^ecolt actions of a "So >s he," replied tlie girl. I examined them, and found that they had slipped their nightgowns on over their clothes ; and when I asked the reason why, I learned that each had refused to "unbutton" the other on account of the difficulty about the saying of prayers. It was a theological problem which I found it not easy to unravel. Wisdom bom It was another little boy of my acquaintance of expet . mo ther, when she was about to chastise him upon that part of his anatomy especially appointed for the purpose : "Oh, mamma, won't you please distribute it a little?" I wish it were There was a certain little girl who belonged to a Sunday-school class in a far-away prairie village. When I visited the mission, I heard several of the little girls recite the catechism. Afterwards I baptized some of them, and then invested each one of them with a little silver cross, made them a pleasant little speech, and finished by giving each one of them a kiss. 138 (Missionary in t/)e Great West After I had left the town, their teacher was telling them about crosses in general, and the sign of the cross in baptism in particular. "Yes, children," she said, "as long as you are good that cross the archdeacon made on your forehead shines brightly, and Jesus sees it ; but when you are not good it grows dim, and if you continue to be very bad it finally fades away." "My ! " said one sweet little miss, "you can almost see the cross on Mr. Brady's forehead now yourself, can't you?" I think I have never received such a genu- ine, if utterly undeserved, compliment, nor one that touched me more. From children to lunatics is another long The biggest backward leap. I remember a clerical friend * r soE of mine who was visiting an old schoolmate who happened to be the curator of a lunatic asylum. As a special favor my friend was taken by his friend into that portion of the asylum in which the dangerous cases were kept, and to which ordinary visitors were not allowed access. He was instructed before 139 RecoU ections of a entering the different cells as to the nature of each case, and told what he must do. He was informed, before one door, that the man he was about to see was only violent when he was disagreed with, many men who are pop- ularly supposed to be entirely sane are simi- larly affected, especially husbands, and that he must acquiesce in everything that was said, under penalty of fearful possibilities. He promised faithfully so to do. The lunatic, who was a rather nice-looking old man, apparently perfectly sane, entered upon a conversation with the clergyman at once. He surprised the minister by re- marking : "I suppose you saw that President Cleve- land had been impeached, the other day, for stealing ? " "Yes," was the reply, very faintly delivered. "What a pity it is that the Washington Monument was blown up by dynamite by the strikers, the other day, is n't it?" was the next question. "An awful pity," said the perspiring clergyman. 140 in tge Great West "And I am so glad that the Queen of Eng- land is dead, so she can give her son a chance to reign ; are n't you? " continued the old man. "Yes, yes, certainly ; it was time for her to die," the clergyman answered desperately. The old man stopped, looked earnestly at his embarrassed visitor, and remarked suavely : "Did n't you say you were a clergyman, when you came here ? " "Yes," said our friend, brightly it was the only truthful thing he had had an opportu- nity to say during the interview. He was astonished, however, when the lunatic said quietly : "Well, sir, for a preacher you are the big- gest liar I ever saw." Tableau. Speaking of liars reminds me of a little in- Ananias in a - ... new version cident. There was a certain man in a certain mission who rarely ever contributed any- thing to the support of the mission. There are many similar men in all missions. He always sat in the rear of the church, and 141 RecotCections of a nobody knew of his practice except the man who took up the collection. He told me. The warden was rather long in receiv- ing the offering one day, and I turned around to see what was the matter. It happened that the man had come in very late, and be- fore he knew it the usher had placed him upon the front seat. My eye and his eye and the alms-basin all struck the same point at the same time. As usual, he put nothing in it, but, not as usual, he blushed violently when he saw that I had noticed it. The next day I went to his dry-goods store to buy something. My purchase amounted to a dollar or two. I paid for it, started away with it, and then recollected that I had been told to get another spool of thread, or some- thing of that kind, the cost of which was about ten cents. He tied up the new parcel for me, and when I handed him the money, he pushed it back with a wave a la Podsnap, and this remark : "I happened to be caught in an embarrass- ing situation yesterday morning in church" (which was true). "I forgot to bring my 142 '(Missionary in tge Great West usual collection" (which was not true), "so I want to donate this little spool of thread as an offering to the Lord ! " The next time I came to that town I preached on Ananias and Sapphira, and the man did not come back to church for six months. 143 CHAPTER IX Jaw-breaking T)ECREATION and instruction are com- preparation -LL bined in a very effective way in the great Chautauqua assemblies which are held in the West, and which seem to find a more con- genial environment there than in the East. Some of the ablest addresses, the finest ser- mons, the most interesting lectures, I have ever heard have been delivered at these as- semblies. They are attended by whole fami- lies, but of course crowds of young people predominate. A local druggist in a town near which one of the principal assemblies used to meet remarked to me, one day, that he had made every preparation for the coming Chautauqua, and was ready for it. He was not of a literary turn of mind, and as I was curious co know, I asked him what his prepa- rations consisted of. "Doctor," he replied impressively, "I have laid in six thousand pieces of chewing-gum ! " 144 g (Missionary in tge Great West I think he sold them all before the session closed. I suppose that chewing-gum was con- sidered an aid to meditation. The maxillary motion seems to have a stimulating effect on the mind. That reminds me of a clerical friend of mine Unconscious who had a fatal fluency in speech. His ser- mons were torrents of verbosity. He was asked how he managed it. "Why," he replied gravely, "I get my mind fixed upon a subject, and then I just un- consciously cerebrate and keep my jaws mov- ing." I think that chewing-gum would have been an assistance to him. A sense of humor, too, would have helped him. Speaking of cerebration reminds me of an The chinch-bug achievement performed by a scientific little giant well known and loved throughout the West for his successful grappling with the chinch-bug problem. I suppose there are millions of people who have never heard of the chinch-bug. On the other hand, there are several millions who know him intimately to 145 RecolLections of a their very great sorrow. The vicious little insect, which the Century Dictionary calls a (i certain fetid American hemipterous insect of the genus Blissus," is a little bug about an eighth of an inch long, grayish black in color, with white markings. They literally swarm in the wheat- and corn-fields by the millions. They crawl through a field with remarkable rapidity, and the line of their devastating ad- vance is as clearly marked as if the grain was being cut by a machine. For a long time the farmers were helpless before their attack. A triumph of Dr. Francis H. Snow, the chancellor of the University of Kansas, an entomologist of world- wide reputation (that is, he is known everywhere except in the East, where there are no chinch-bugs), after a long course of brilliant experiments, discovered the method of inocu- lating the bug with a deadly and very conta- gious disease ; he also discovered the disease. He then conceived the brilliant idea of dis- tributing a few of the inoculated insects in a field where the destroying armies had made their appearance, and, wonderful to relate, the experiment proved to be a great success. An 146 lyjissionary in tge Great West epidemic of disease, superinduced by the few inoculated insects, swept through the chinch- bugs and saved that particular crop. His work, which comprised not only the discovery of the disease, but the method of artificial in- oculation and propagation, and the preserva- tion of the inoculated bugs during the long winter season, so that he might have a supply on hand with which to begin the summer campaign, was one of the most beneficial of the gifts of science to the welfare of humanity. The money value of property saved by his labors, freely and ungrudgingly given, amounts to millions of dollars an enormous sum. The experiments of several years have shown that upward of seventy per cent, of the fields operated upon have been saved, and the cases of failure are due to local causes which are beyond control. During the busy season the farmers send in boxes of live bugs to the university, and receive in return, by mail, a sufficient number of the inoculated in- sects to do the work. A field in the grasp of the chinch-bugs is a Devastation horrible sight. Where they have been the 147 ^.ecotCectlons of a stalks wither and rot, and the inevitableness of their rapid attack upon the remainder of the field covered with tufted heads of wheat or broad corn-leaves waving in the breeze, is a painful spectacle. If you examine the line of attack closely you will see that each stalk is fairly blanketed with these loathsome little pests, sucking the life-blood out of it. A great big corn-stalk, shivering under the drain of these insects, looks like a human being in agony. A rash offer There was a man once, in a little town I visited, who kept a general store. He was approached one morning by a farmer who was indebted to him in some small amount, with a request for an extension of time, on the plea that the chinch-bugs were in the farmer's corn and that his crop was being ruined. "Chinch-bugs ! Nonsense ! " exclaimed the storekeeper, rudely. "I don't believe there is a chinch -bug within a mile of your field." "They are there by millions, I tell you." "Millions ! " cried the storekeeper, incredu- lously. "I '11 tell you what I '11 do. I '11 148 in tfje Great West give you a dollar and a half a gallon for every gallon of the bugs you bring in to me." "Done ! " replied the debtor. There were several witnesses to the bargain, and without saying a word the farmer turned and walked out. A day or two after he drove back to the village with a large ten-gallon can,* tightly covered, which he unloaded from his wagon and rolled carefully into the gen- eral store. There were the usual number of country idlers in the store at the time, who were interested witnesses of the conversation that ensued. "What have you there?" asked the mer- chant, suspiciously. "Something for you." "What is it?" "Chinch-bugs," answered the farmer, calmly lifting the lid and showing the can, completely filled with a horrible mass of the hideous in- sects, tumbling and wriggling like mad. "There >s ten gallon of them," he continued, "and I take it that you owe me fifteen dollars * I think it was ten gallons, but if I have made any mistake I have understated the quantity. 149 Recollections of a for the lot. That will just about square my little bill, and I will thank you to give me a receipt for it." "Cover it up quick, for goodness' sake, be- fore any of them get away," hastily remarked the astonished shopman, amid the uproarious laughter of the bystanders. Then, after asking if the contents clear through were in accordance with the top layer, and receiving an affirmative answer, declining a suggestion that he could examine the case and see for himself, the merchant went back and gravely wrote out the receipt. That was all the farmer got out of his wheat- field that year, too. Quotations on The story was too good to keep. It got u ^ s into the local papers, and was quoted all over the State. Every mail brought letters of in- quiry to the unfortunate shopkeeper, asking for his latest quotation on chinch-bugs, and whether he paid the freight or wanted them delivered F. O. B., how he would have them shipped, and so on. He was dismayed at first, but he said afterwards that he believed that he had received a thousand dollars' worth of 150 (Missionary in tge Great West free advertising out of the incident, so he was content. The farmer had simply taken his boys into the fields with tin cans, and they had stripped stalk after stalk, and had no difficulty in getting the amount that they brought in. It is not safe to make statements without considering the consequences. I have heard of an eminent bishop, a Southern A ten-thousand- bishop renowned for his wit, who came North, shortly after the close of the War of the Re- bellion, to get some money to carry on the missionary work of his sadly shattered diocese. He had succeeded in securing a tentative promise of ten thousand dollars from a certain wealthy individual with whom he was to dine that evening, in company with a number of other guests. One of the company, with in- credible rudeness, asked the bishop, during the course of the dinner, how they felt down South at being "licked." I think he must have been drinking. The bishop, like the gentleman he was, parried the question ; but the questioner persisted in his desire, and at- tracted the attention, finally, of the whole 151 ^ecotCections of a table to Ms query. The bishop was human, most bishops who are worth anything are, and he finally lost his temper. "You ask me, my young friend, how we feel down South at having been, as you say, licked ? " he said with urbane courtesy. "Yes, sir." "Well, sir, I will tell you. We feel like Lazarus." "Like Lazarus, eh? Pretty poor? Asking for crumbs?" replied the other, chuckling at his own humor. "No, sir," answered the bishop ; "I do not refer to that phase of his character." "What, then?" "Why, Lazarus was licked by a dog, sir. We can sympathize with him, sir ! " It was a brilliant and well-deserved bit of repartee, but it lost the bishop his ten thou- sand dollars. If I had been the intending donor I think I would have given him twenty thousand dollars for his pluck and his wit. Following the Speaking of bishops reminds me of another ung 152 bishop's order , . , bishop who was entertaining a modest young in tge Great West friend of his from the country at a hotel con- ducted on the European plan. The bishop was suffering from indigestion. It is a chronic complaint with bishops and travelling mis- sionaries in general. They have to eat so many different things, in so many different places, that it is a wonder that they have any stomachs left. The bishop had ordered for himself a large bowl of milk toast. There was nothing the matter with the digestive apparatus of the bishop's visitor, but in the presence of a long and elaborate menu in a foreign language he felt somewhat undecided, and while the bishop was otherwise engaged for the moment, he whispered to the waiter to bring him the same things the bishop had ordered. What was his amazement and dis- appointment, and the bishop's surprise as well, when, a few minutes later, the waiter brought in two large bowls of milk toast, one of which was put at his place, instead of the tempting repast which he had anticipated. One of the most interesting characters and At the muzzle one of the finest Christians that I ever came a 153 of a across in my Western life was General Guy V. Henry of the United States army, recently deceased. He was then only a colonel of cav- alry. He had one of the down-stairs rooms in that same boarding-house in which I was an inmate with the dean to whom I have re- ferred in the first paper. The maid-servants of the house slept in a small room off the kitchen, which was a basement affair. The house was a four-storied one, and I lived in the garret. About two o'clock one morning every one in the house was awakened by a series of the wildest shrieks, proceeding from the basement. I never heard such a commo- tion. The maids rushed up into the hall in a state of frantic terror, screaming that there was a burglar in the house, and that their room had been entered. I sprang out of bed, dragged on a pair of trousers, seized the poker, tore down the stairs, and reached the kitchen, as I was the youngest of the men in the house, before any of the others. The window was open. The ground outside was just on a level with the window-sill. Gallantly clutching the poker, 154 {Missionary in tge Great West I climbed through the window and ran down the yard to the back fence. It was a bright moonlight night, and the burglar was just disappearing around the corner. There was nothing I could do, so I waved the poker threateningly at him, climbed off the fence, and started back to the house. When I reached the window, I dropped to my knees and prepared to crawl through to the kitchen. Just as I thrust my head into the darkness of the room, I felt a round, ice- cold piece of steel firmly pressed against my right temple, and a voice as cold and hard as the barrel of the pistol sternly directed me to remain perfectly quiet and make no noise, else I would get the top of my head blown off. The sphinx itself would be a vibrant creature beside me at that moment. I was as immobile as a pyramid, notwithstanding the fact that my heart was beating like a trip-hammer. The cold voice called for a light, and when the gas was ignited, an iron hand was applied to the collar of my nightshirt, and I was dragged inboard. "Good heaven!" said the colonel, starting 155 RecoLlections of a back in astonishment, but still keeping Ms pistol pointed at my head, "this is a fine po- sition for a theological student to be in. What are you doing here at this hour?" It took the hardest kind of explaining to convince the colonel that I had come down there as a knight-errant to rescue the maids, and was not the burglar. When I had suc- ceeded in convincing him that I was innocent, he remarked. "Well, I don't see why you did not say who you were before." I replied that nothing on earth would have induced me to open my mouth under the cir- cumstancesthat he had told me to keep quiet, and with the barrel of his revolver at my head I fully intended to do so. A warrior The colonel was one of the manliest and gentlest men I ever met, and as versatile as he was brave. There was a young couple in the house who had a baby. They were too poor to have a nurse, and were therefore de- prived of the pleasure of attending church together. They were a very devout pair, and 156 "(Missionary in tge Great West their inability to be away from the baby at the same time was a great deprivation to them. On Sunday evenings, not once but often, I have known Colonel Henry to slip away from his family and go up -stairs, and take the baby and care for it the whole even- ing, so that these two young people could go to church together. He was as good a nurse as he was a soldier, though some of his methods and remedies were certainly peculiar. I remember seeing him, on one occasion Gin for the after services, rocking to and fro, holding the baby clasped tightly against his breast ; and when he was asked if the infant had behaved itself, he replied : "No, it did not not at first, that is. It seemed to have some kind of a cramp, or the colic ; but I fixed it all right." "What did you do for it, colonel!" "Well, I have some fine old Holland gin down in my room, and I gave him a good dose of it, and you see the result," "Heavens ! " exclaimed the young mother, in affright, clasping the infant to her breast, "maybe you have killed it ! " 157 A grim con- trast ^iecottections of a "No, I have n't," replied the colonel, im- perturbably. "It 7 s all right. I have not been in command of a regiment of men for ten years without knowing how to take care of a baby, madam." The man had been shot to pieces in the Indian wars. Some of the bones in his face were supported by artificial plates. He was a scarred and battle-worn veteran. The story of his exploits stirs the blood. He looked his career, too, and there was a strange con- trast in the picture presented by the dash- ing, brilliant soldier calmly nursing the little baby. Died at his post of duty Colonel Henry bore a prominent part in the Spanish- American War, and was the first governor of Puerto Eico. He came to see me in the cabin of a government transport oif San Juan, where I was lying deathly ill with camp and typhoid fever, contracted in the service. I was miserably sick, but not too sick to read in the dreadfully wasted appearance of the stern-featured, kindly old soldier, who said words of encouragement 158 (Missionary in tfje Great West and greeting to me, that lie himself was in a bad way. He stuck it out, in spite of every entreaty from his friends and the advice of his surgeon, until he had accomplished his task and had been relieved at the close of his tour of duty. Then he came home, and quietly folded up his hands, and died like the soldier and gentleman that he was, without complaint and without parade* He just as truly died for his country as if one of the many bullets which had stricken him down in some of the many fields in the Kebellion and Indian wars, in which he had been in action, had ended his life. He was one of the humblest and most thor- ough-going Christians that I ever knew. I remember many times his telling me of the Church services that he had conducted. The march was never so hard, the pursuit never so hurried, the cold never so bitter, the heat never so burning, the danger never so immi- nent, but that he would find time to take out his little worn Prayer-book and read the ser- vice of his Church. God bless him ! Peace and rest to his memory. 159 RecotCections of a A gentleman He was not the only hero I ever knew. The world is full of heroes, and this was a humble one ; but he fairly came in the class. He was a conductor on one of the railroads upon which I frequently travelled, and I knew him very well. My first impression of him was that he was a widower. I knew he had one son, a lad of whom he was very fond. The boy was attending school at a country college in a little town through which the railroad ran. The youngster was always brought down to the station, on the arrival of the train every other day, for a word or two of greeting with his father. When his duty permitted, the conductor used to sit down in the seat by me and talk about his boy. The man lived for the child alone. He saved his money for his education and for one other purpose, and spent little or nothing upon himself. One day I noticed that his finger was roughly tied up, and I asked what was the matter. He hesitated a moment, and told me he would tell me when we passed the next station. There was a long interval after the next station before the train stopped again, 160 Missionary m tge Great West and he came back to me and sat down by me. "Well," he began, "you know my boy?" "Yes," I replied, "I think everybody on the road knows him." "He 7 s a good boy, and he had a mother once my wife, of course." The gravity of his demeanor prevented me from smiling at this naive announcement, and I simply nodded my head. "We were as happy as could be in our home, wife and I and the lad, until one day she suddenly went crazy. I think it was in her family. And she has been crazy ever since. She is in a private retreat back in Ohio, and I took a vacation the other day and went back to see her, as I always do twice a year." "Go on," I said, with growing interest. "Well, sir, when I was shown into her room last week, she came toward me, and I stretched out my hand to her. Then she sprang at me and caught this finger in her teeth" He hesitated. "Could n't you pull it away ? " I asked. 161 3 ^Missionary in t$e Great West " Yes, I might have, I suppose j but she was crazy, poor thing, and she did not know what she was doing. I was afraid I would hurt her, so" He stopped again. "What did you do !" "Nothing at all, sir. I spoke to her kindly, and I just let her chew it until she got through. She nearly bit the top off," he re- marked quietly, getting up from the seat and going toward the door, as the train slackened up, nearing the next station. Double duty The women, especially the wives of the clergy, were heroes, too. I have heard of one who played the little organ in the church until she was forced to resign her position (which was without emolument) on account of an- other baby. But a few months found her back in her old place. The baby's cradle sat by the organ now, and the faithful musician pumped the organ with one foot and rocked the baby with the other. In addition to all this, she led the singing. And it was good singing, too. I call that heroic. 162 CHAPTER X riTEE love of Christmas is as strong in the Christmas-tide JL West as it is in any section of the coun- tryperhaps, indeed, stronger, for people who have few pleasures cherish holidays more highly than those for whom many cheap amusements are provided. But when the manifestation of the Christmas spirit is con- sidered, there is a vast difference between the "West and the East. There are vast sections of country in which evergreens do not grow and to which it would not pay to ship them ; con- sequently Christmas trees are not common, and therefore much prized when they may be had. There are no great rows nor small clusters of inviting shops filled with suggestive and fascinating contents at attractive prices. The distances from centres of trade are so great that the things which may be purchased even in the smallest towns in more favorable locali- ties for a few cents have there almost a pro- 163 ^.ecoUections of a Mbitive price upon them. The efforts of the people to give their children a merry Christ- mas in the popular sense, however, are strong and sometimes pitiful. Poor founda- It must not be forgotten that the West is settled by Eastern people, and that no very great difference exists between them, save for the advantages presented by life in the West for the higher development of character. Western people are usually brighter, quicker, more progressive, and less conservative and more liberal than those from whom they came. The survival of the fittest is the rule out there, and the qualities of character necessary to that end are brought to the top in the strenuous life necessitated by the hardships of the frontier. If the people are not any better than they were, it is because they are still clinging to the obsolete ideas of the East. Why the clergy The Eastern point of view always reminds are no better o the layman who was deploring the poor quality of the clergy. "Yes," said the bishop, "some of 164 (Missionary in tf)e Great West them are poor j but consider the stock from which they come ! You see, we have nothing but laymen out of which to make them." The East never understands the West the Invincible real West, that is, which lies beyond the Mis- sissippi, the Missouri, and the Kocky Moun- tains. They know nothing of its ideas, its capacities, its possibilities, its educational fa- cilities, its culture, its real power, in the East. And they do not wish to learn, apparently. The Easterners fatuously think, like Job, that they are the people, and wisdom will die with them. Some years since, an article in the "Forum" on the theme, "Kansas more civi- lized than New York," conclusively proved the proposition to the satisfaction of the pres- ent writer at least. I sat at a dinner-table, one day, when the salted almonds were handed me with the re- mark : "I suppose you never saw anything like these out West. Try some." And my wife has been quite gravely asked if we feared any raids by the Indians, and if they troubled us by their marauding, in Kansas. 165 RecotCections of a I have found it necessary to inform the curious that we did not live in tepees or wigwams in Nebraska. The location of One day I was talking with a man, and a very stupid man at that, who informed me that he graduated from Harvard ; to which surprising statement he added the startling information, for the benefit of my presumably untutored occidental mind, that it was a college near Boston ! They have everything in the West that the East has so far as their sometimes limited means will provide them, and when they have no money, they have pa- tience, endurance, grim determination, and courage, which are better than money in the long run. Better every- The cities and smaller towns especially, as ln *towns * a rule, are cleaner, better governed, more pro- gressive, better provided with improvements and comforts than corresponding places in the East. Scarcely a community exists with- out its water- works, electric-light plant, tele- phone system, trolleys, paved streets, etc. Of course, this does not apply to the extreme frontier, in which my field of work largely 166 (Missionary in tge Great West lay. The conditions were different there the people, too. But to return to Christmas. One Christmas A safe bet day I left my family at one o'clock in the morning. Christmas salutations were ex- changed at that very sleepy hour, and I took the fast express to a certain station whence I could drive up country to a little church on a farm in which there had never been a Christ- mas service. It was a bitter cold morning, deep snow on the ground, and a furious north wind raging. The climate is variable indeed out West. I have spent Christmas days on which it rained all day ; and of all days in the year on which to have it rain, Christmas is the worst. Still, the farmers would be thankful. It was usually safe to be thankful out there whenever it rained. I knew a man once who said you could make a fortune by always bet- ting two to one that it would not rain, no matter what the present promise of the weather was. You were bound to win nine times out of ten. I hired a good sleigh and two horses, and 167 Recollections of a Service in furs drove to my destination. The church was a little old brick building right out on the prairie. There was a smouldering fire in a miserable, worn-out stove which hardly raised the temperature of the room a degree, al- though it filled the place with smoke. The wind had free entrance through the ill-fitting window- and door-frames, and a little pile of snow formed on the altar during the service. I think there were twelve people who had braved the fury of the storm. There was not an evergreen within a hundred miles of the place, and the only decoration was sage-brush. To wear vestments was impossible, and I con- ducted the service in a buffalo overcoat and a fur cap and gloves, as I have often done. It was short, and the sermon was shorter. Aqueer Christ- After service I went to dinner at the near- est farm-house. Such a Christmas dinner it was ! There was no turkey, and they did not even have a chicken. The menu was corn- bread, ham, and potatoes, and few potatoes at that. There were two children in the family, a girl of six and a boy of five. They were glad enough to get the ham. Their usual bill 168 in tge Great West of fare was composed of potatoes and corn- bread, and sometimes corn-bread alone. My wife had put up a lunch for me, fearing that I might not be able to get anything to eat, in which there was a small mince-pie turn- over; and the children had slipped a small box of candy in my bag as a Christmas gift. I produced the turnover, which by common consent was divided between the astonished children. Such a glistening of eyes and smacking of small lips you never saw ! "This pie makes it seem like Christmas, after all," said the little girl, with her mouth full. "Yes," said the boy, ditto, "that and the ham." "We did n't have any Christmas this year," Potato men continued the small maiden. "Last year mother made us some potato men" (i.e., little animal and semi-human figures made out of potatoes and matches, with buttons for eyes ; they go into many stockings among the very poor out West). "But this year," interrupted the boy, "po- tatoes are so scarce that we could n't have 169 RecolLections of a 'em. Mother says that next year perhaps we will have some real Christmas." Robbing' the They were so brave about it that my heart went out to them. Children and no Christ- mas gifts ! Only the chill, bare room, the wretched, meagre meal. I ransacked my brain. Finally something occurred to me. After dinner I excused myself and hurried back to the church. There were two baskets there which were used for the collection old, but rather pretty. I selected the best one. Fortunately I had in my grip a neat little "housewife " which contained a pair of scissors, a huge thimble, needles, thread, a tiny little pin-cushion, an emery bag, buttons, etc. I am, like most ex-sailors, something of a needleman myself. I emptied the contents into the collection-basket, and garnished the dull little affair with the bright ribbon ties ripped off the housewife, and went back to the house. Christmas gifts To the boy I gave my penknife, which happened to be nearly new, and to the girl the church basket with the sewing-things for a work-basket. The j oy of those children was 170 Missionary m tge Great West one of the finest things I have ever witnessed. The face of the little girl was positively filled with awe as she lifted from the basket, one by one, the pretty and useful articles the house- wife had supplied, and when I added the small box of candy that my children had pro- vided me, they looked at me with feelings of reverence, almost as a visible incarnation of Santa Claus. They were the cheapest and most effective Christmas presents it was ever my pleasure to bestow. I hope to be forgiven for putting the church furniture to such a secular use. Another Christmas day I had a funeral. A Christmas There was no snow, no rain. The day was warm. The woman who died had been the wife of one of the largest farmers in the diocese. He actually owned a continuous body of several thousand acres of fine land, much of it under cultivation. She had been a fruitful mother, and five stalwart sons, all married, and several daughters likewise, with numerous grandchildren, represented her con- tribution to the world's population. They 171 RecoUections of a were the people of the most consideration in the little community in which they lived. We had the services in the morning in the Methodist church, which was big enough to hold about six hundred people. As it was a holiday, it was filled to the very doors. One of my farmer friends remarked, as we stood on the front steps watching the crowd assembling : "My, doc ! all of them wagons gatherin 7 here makes it seem more like circus day than a funeral." Shouting con- I had been asked to preach a sermon, which I essayed to do. The confusion was terrific. In order to be present themselves, the mothers in Israel had been obliged to bring their children, and the most domestic of at- tentions were being bestowed upon them freely. They cried and wailed and expostu- lated with their parents in audible tones until I was nearly frantic. I found myself shout- ing consoling platitudes to a sobbing, grief- stricken band of relatives, and endeavoring to drown the noise of the children by roaring the lion's part a la Bottom. It was distract- 172 in tge Great West ing. I was a very young minister at the time, and the perspiration fairly rained from me. That 7 s what makes me remember it was a warm day. When we got through the services, after A Methuselah , , , , , , , . _, among horses every one of the six hundred had, in the language of the local undertaker, "viewed the remains/ 7 we went to the cemetery. I rode behind a horse which was thirty-eight years old. I do not know what his original color had been, but at present he was white and hoary with age. "I always use him for funerals," said the undertaker, "because he naturally sets the proper pace for a funeral procession." "Mercy ! " said I. "I hope he won't die on the road." "Well, if he does," continued the under- taker, "your services will come in handy. We can bury him proper. I am awful fond of that horse. I should n't wonder if he had n ? t been at as many as a thousand funer- als in his life." I thought he had all the gravity of his grewsome experiences, especially in his gait. 173 Kecott ections of a The Christinas dinners were all late on account of the funeral, but they were bountiful and good nevertheless, and I much enjoyed mine. A snow-bound Another Christmas I was snow-bound on one of the obscure branches of a Western rail- road. If the train had been on time I would have made a connection and have reached home by Christmas eve, but it was very evi- dent, as the day wore on, that it was not going to be on time. Indeed, it was problematical whether it would get anywhere at all. It was snowing hard outside. Our progress had become slower and slower. Finally, in a deep cut, we stopped. There were three men, one woman, and two little children in the car no other passengers in the train. The train was of that variety known out West as a "plug," consisting of a combination baggage and smoker and one coach. One of the trainmen started on a lonely and somewhat dangerous tramp of several miles up the road to the next station to call for the snow-plough, and the rest of us settled 174 (Missionary in ffie Great West down to spend the night. Certainly we could not hope to be extricated before the next evening, especially as the storm then gave no signs of abating. We all went up to the front of the car and sat around the stove, in which we kept up a bright fire, fortunately, we had plenty of fuel, and in such circumstances we speedily got acquainted with each other. One of the men was a "drummer," a travel- ling man for a notion house ; another was a cow-boy ; the third was a big cattle-man ; and I was the last. We soon found that the woman was a widow who had maintained herself and the children precariously, since the death of her husband, by sewing and other feminine odd jobs, but had at last given up the unequal struggle, and was going back to live with her mother, also a widow, who had some little property. The poor little threadbare children had Disappointment cherished anticipations of a joyous Christmas with their grandmother. From their talk we could hear that a Christmas tree had been promised them, and all sorts of things. They were intensely disappointed at the blockade. 175 Recoltections of a They cried and sobbed, and would not be comforted. Fortunately the woman had a great basket filled with substantial provisions, which, by the way, she generously shared with the rest of us, so we were none of us hungry. As the night fell, we tipped up two of the seats, placed the bottoms sideways, and with our overcoats made two good beds for the lit- tle folks. Just before they went to sleep, the drummer said to me : "Say, parson, we ? ve got to give those chil- dren some Christmas ! " "That >s what/' said the cow-boy. "I ? m agreed," added the cattle-man. "Madam," said the drummer, addressing the woman with the easy assurance of his class, after a brief consultation between us, "we are going to give your kids some Christmas." The woman beamed at him gratefully. "Yes, children," said the now enthused drummer, as he turned to the open-mouthed children, "Santa Claus is coming round to- night, sure. We want you to hang up your stockings." 176 in tge Great West "We ain't got none/ 7 quivered the little girl, "'ceptin' those we 've got on, and ma says it 's too cold to take 'em off." "1 've got two new pair of woollen socks/ 7 said the cattle-man, eagerly, "which I ain't never wore, and you are welcome to 'em." There was a clapping of little hands in Anticipation childish glee, and then the two faces fell as the elder remarked : "But Santa Glaus will know they are not our stockings, and he will fill them with things for you instead." "Lord love you," said the burly cattle-man, roaring with infectious laughter, "he won't bring me nothin'. One of us will sit up, any- way, and tell him it 's for you. You 've got to hustle to bed right away, because he may be here any time now." Then came one of those spectacles which "Now I lay we sometimes meet once or twice in a life- time. The children knelt down on the rough floor of the car beside their improvised beds. Instinctively the hands of the men went to their heads, and at the first words of "Now I lay me down to sleep," four hats came off. 177 ^.ecottectlons of a The cow-boy stood twirling his hat and look- ing at the little kneeling figures ; the cattle- man's vision seemed dimmed ; while in the eyes of the travelling man there shone a dis- tant look a look across snow-filled prairies to a warmly lighted home. The children were soon asleep. Then the rest of us engaged in earnest conversation. What should we give them f was the question. "It don't seem to me that I 've got any- thing to give 'em," said the cow-boy, mourn- fully, "unless the little kid might like my spurs j an' I would give my gun to the little girl, though on general principles I don't like to give up a gun. You never know when you 're goin' to need it, specially with strangers," he added, with a rather suspicious glance at me. I would not have harmed him for the world. "I 'm in much the same fix," said the cattle- man. "I 've got a flask of prime old whiskey here, but it don't seem like it 's very appro- priate for the occasion, though it 's at the service of any of you gents." "Never seen no occasion in which whiskey 178 in tge Great West Always in was n't appropriate/' said the cow-boy, mel- lowing at the sight of the flask. "I mean 't ain't fit for kids/' explained the cattle-man, handing it over. "I begun on 't rather early/' remarked the puncher, taking a long drink, "an' I always use it when my feelin's is onsettled, like now." He handed it back with a sigh. "Never mind, boys," said the drummer. "You all come along with me to the baggage- car." So off we trooped. He opened his trunks, and spread before us such a glittering array of trash and trinkets as almost took away our breath. "There," he said, "look at that. We '11 Santa Claus just pick out the best things from the lot, and I '11 donate them all." "No, you don't," said the cow-boy. "My ante ? s in on this game, an' I 'm goin' to buy what chips I want, an' pay fer 'em, too, else there ain't goin' to be no Christmas around here ! " "That 's my judgment, too," said the cattle- man. 179 RecolC ectlons of a "I think that will be fair," said I. "The travelling man can donate what he pleases, and we can each of us buy what we please, as well." I think we spent hours looking over the stock which the obliging man spread out all over the car for us. He was going home, he said, and everything was at our service. The trainmen caught the infection, too, and all hands finally went back to the coach with such a load of stuff as you never saw before. We filled the socks, and two seats besides, with it. The grateful mother was simply dazed. As we all stood about, gleefully surveying our handiwork, including the bulging socks, the engineer remarked : "We 've got to get some kind of a Christ- mas tree." A fid a Christ- So two of us ploughed off on the prairie, it had stopped snowing and was bright moonlight, and wandered around until we found a good-sized piece of sage-brush, which we brought back and solemnly installed, and the woman decorated it with bunches of tissue- ISO in tge Great West paper from the notion stock and clean waste from the engine. We hung the train lanterns around it. We were so excited that we actually could not sleep. The contagion of the season was strong upon us, and I know not which were the more delighted the next morning, the children or the amateur Santa Clauses, when they saw what the cow-boy called the "lay- out." Great goodness ! Those children never did have, and probably never will have, such a Christmas again. And to see the thin face of that mother flush with unusual color when we handed her one of those monstrous red plush albums which we had purchased jointly, and in which we had all written our names in lieu of our photographs, and between the leaves of which the cattle-man had generously slipped a hundred-dollar bill, was worth being blockaded for a dozen Christmases. Her eyes filled with tears, and she fairly sobbed be- fore us. During the morning we had a little service Christmas ser- vice and dinner, in the car, in accordance with the custom of too 181 RecoU ections of a the Church, and I am sure no more heartfelt body of worshippers ever poured forth their thanks for the Incarnation than those men, that woman, and the little children. The woman sang "Jesus, Lover of my Soul," from memory, in her poor little voice, and that small but reverent congregation cow-boy, drummer, cattle-man, trainmen, and parson solemnly joined in. "It feels just like church," said the cow-boy, gravely, to the cattle- man. "Say, I ? m all broke up ; let 's go in the other car and try your flask ag'in." It was his unfailing re- source for "onsettled feelin's." The train-hand who had gone on to division headquarters returned with the snow-plough early in the afternoon, but, what was more to the purpose, he brought a whole cooked turkey with him, so the children had turkey, a Christmas tree, and Santa Claus to their heart's content. I did not get home until the day after Christmas. But, after all, what a Christmas I had enjoyed ! 182 (Missionary in ffie Great West During a season of great privation we were ' 'Real Chris* - much assisted by barrels of clothing which were sent to us from the East. One day, just before Christmas, I was distributing the con- tents of several barrels of wearing apparel and other necessities to the women and children at a little mission. The delight of the women, as the good, warm articles of clothing for themselves and their children which they so sadly needed were handed out to them, was touching ; but the children themselves did not enter into the joy of the occasion with the same spontaneity. Finally, just as I got to the bottom of one box, and before I had opened the other one, a little boy, sniffling to himself in the corner, remarked, sotto voce, "Ain't there no real Chris' mus gif's in there for us little fellers, too?" I could quite enter into his feelings, for I could remember in my youthful days, when careful relatives had provided me with a "cardigan" jacket, three handkerchiefs, and a half dozen pairs of socks for Christmas, that the season seemed to me like a hollow mock- ery, and the attempt to palm off necessities 183 ^.ecottections of a as Christmas gifts filled my childish, heart with disapproval. I am older now, and can face a Christmas remembrance of a cook-book, a silver cake-basket, or an ice-cream freezer (some of which I have actually received) with philosophical equanimity, if not gratitude. I opened the second box, therefore, with a great longing, though but little hope. Heaven bless the women who had packed that box ! for, in addition to the usual neces- sary articles, there were dolls, knives, books, games galore, so the small fry had some "real Chris'mus gifs " as well as the others. Frozen to After one of the blizzards a young ranchman who had gone into the nearest town, some twenty miles away, to get some Christmas things for his wife and little ones, was found frozen to death on Christmas morning, his poor little packages of petty Christmas gifts tightly clasped in his cold hands lying by his side. His horse was frozen, too, and when they found it, hanging to the horn of the saddle was a little piece of an evergreen-tree you would throw it away in contempt in 184 in t/je Great West the East, it was so puny. There it meant something. The love of Christmas? It was there in his dead hands. The spirit of Christ- mas 1 It showed itself in that bit of verdant pine over the lariat at the saddle-bow of the poor bronco. Do they have Christmas out West ? "Well, they have it in their hearts, if no place else, and, after all, that is the place above all others where it should be. 185 CHAPTEE XI The greatest /^EKTAINLY, in every sense, the greatest man I ever I i T knew Vy man with whom I ever came in contact was the bishop of one of the Western dioceses in which I was archdeacon. We used to think that his talents were wasted in the West, and that he should have been at the head of some important university or the bishop of some great Eastern diocese ; but the people among whom he ministered were entirely assured that he was the right man in the right place, and they loved him with a devotion such as few men receive. He was a Yale man, a Berkeley man, a Heidelberg man, a special student in some of the best European schools, a deep thinker, a clear expositor, a profound theologian, and a brilliant philosopher. He was able to clothe the deepest truth in the simplest form, to speak of the most pro- found things in so perspicuous a way that the plainest could understand. His learning and 186 3 ffl/ssionaiy in tge Great West wisdom were accompanied by more than ordi- nary simplicity of character and sweetness of disposition. He was a versatile man as well. Indeed, one of his professors told him, when he was a young man, that he did too many things well ever to do anything very well. In addition to his other qualities, he was an accomplished chess-player, the champion of his college in his younger days. One day he visited a certain town in which Gambling for ., . ., -, i -. -, the children there was a woman with several children whom she was anxious to have baptized. Her husband, who happened to be a Yale man also, had refused his consent. The bishop was a guest at her house, and she had besought him to argue the point with her husband and get his permission to baptize the children. He was a lawyer, and pointedly refused to discuss theology with the bishop, adroitly evading the question every time it was raised. The gentleman was also a chess-player, and an extraordinarily good one. He was not only the champion of the town, but of a very much wider circle, and he had discovered, or invented, a new opening not in the books. 187 ftecotlections of a He found out that the bishop played chess, and he said he would like to try this opening upon him. The bishop knew that there were various ways to get at a man, so he consented to play a game. The opening worked beauti- fully, and after a rather hard struggle the bishop was defeated. They tried it again, and this time, after a longer and harder struggle, the bishop was victorious. A third game was decided more quickly in the bishop's favor, and in the fourth game, having mas- tered the opening, he swept the board. The lawyer was very much chagrined, and begged for another trial. "No," said the bishop, calmly, gravely push- ing away the board ; "you told me you were a player when you began, but you hardly afford me common amusement. You actually do not know the first principles of the game" (which was an exaggeration), "and you do not know any more about theology than you know about chess " (which was quite true). The lawyer was by this time fairly indig- nant, and quite willing to argue or fight about chess, theology, or anything else. 188 '(Missionary in tge Great West The next morning, bright and early, the bishop met his hostess coming down the stairs. "What did you do to my husband last night ? " she asked eagerly. "I did not do anything, madam. We had a few games of chess and then a little theo- logical argument. Why do you ask f " "Well," she said, in great glee, "he came up-stairs about two o'clock this morning, and waked me up and said, t Jane, I guess you >d better have the children baptized in the morning.' " We used to tell the bishop that he certainly had gambled for those children. One day we were travelling across the plains Turning the in the caboose of a freight-train. A young divinity student was with us. He was one of the ambitious kind of divinity students, who wreck a parish or two when they begin, and finally drift upon the ecclesiastical bar- gain-counter. He was ready to argue about anything with anybody. A greasy, dilapi- dated-looking tramp came into the caboose at one of the stations at the end of a division, 189 Recoltections of a and presently engaged in a heated discussion with the young theologian on the disadvan- tages of education. He maintained the affirmative, that the less a man knew and the less education he had the happier he was, with so much skill and adroitness, and showed such mastery of logic and literature, that he routed the poor boy, horse, foot, and dragoons so effectively, in fact, that the young man rose and went out on the platform to hide his chagrin, leaving the supposed tramp chuckling over his pipe in huge enjoyment at his easy victory. The bishop had listened without saying a word, and when the student left he turned to the man and inquired sharply : "What college are you from, sir?" "Yale," answered the man, without thinking. The unlucky admission completely de- stroyed the man's argument, for he was a living example of the fallacy of his own proposition. He was one of the engineers of the road, and afterwards a great friend of the bishop. 190 in tge Great West One day in a certain town a certain church, Revising their not of our communion, of course, resolved to revise its formulas of belief ; in other words, to make a new creed for itself and its members. In order that there might not be the slightest suggestion of ecclesiastical domination, that they might avoid the slightest appearance even of sacerdotalism, the committee ap- pointed to draw up the creed was composed of a lawyer, a farmer, and a merchant, all practical men, with the minister religiously, or irreligiously, excluded. The bishop was passing along the street, when the lawyer stepped out of his office and called him in. Two perplexed and embarrassed men sat at a long table on which were placed Webster's Dictionary, a Cruden's Concordance, a Bible, a Prayer-book, and the Westminster Con- fession. "These," said the lawyer, introducing the bishop, "are my colleagues on a committee to draw up a creed for our church. We have gotten as far as the Holy Ghost, and, to tell the truth, as we do not any of us know any- thing about the Holy Ghost, we thought you 191 RecoCt ections of a might give us a little information for our Articles of Belief." A compromise This reminds me of a certain other church organization which attempted to draw up a creed in the same way for the government of its members. When the result of the labors of the committee appointed was read there was great dissatisfaction. Some wanted more, some wanted less, and there was imminent danger of the complete disruption of the organization until the chairman of the com- mittee arose with the delightful suggestion that they compromise. So a compromise creed was drawn up and that particular enter- prise saved from shipwreck. Having fun with The bishop had a relative who was a profes- sional man in an Eastern city, and a very able man indeed, but he had unfortunately become tinged with some of the prevalent ideas of the age. He belonged to a coterie of men who thought as he, and when the bishop announced his intention of visiting him, this little club of modern thinkers determined to have some 192 in tfie Great West fun with the old man in a kindly polite way, of course j so they invited him to dinner, which was to cover a discussion in which they felt certain of coming out first best. There was fun enough at the dinner, but the sport was in the hands of the bishop. He early detected their plan, met their attack on their own grounds, and routed them com- pletely. One by one, they shamefacedly stole away, and the morning rose with the little bishop triumphant and alone on the field of battle. One by one, the young men came to see him during the next day and apologized for the part they had taken, even though in a spirit of harmless fun, and many of them date the change in their opinions from that hour. Bancroft Library Everybody listened to the man. I remember An interested , . . driver once driving across the country with him while discussing the nature of the soul. That is, the bishop was discussing. I was only prompting by a question now and then. We were on the rear seat of a wagon, with the driver on the front seat. It was a very dark 193 llecoUections of a night. In the middle of the bishop's exposi- tion, the wagon took a wild plunge, there was a crash, and over we went into the muddy ditch. "I beg your pardon, gents," said the driver, who had retained control of the horses, as we scrambled to our feet. "I was so interested in hearin ? the little man discussin 7 my immortial soul w'ich I hardly ever knowed that I had one before that I clean forgot where we was r an' drove you plump into the ditch ! n EagerKsteners I have engaged him in conversation in the same way on a railroad, and he would con- tinue to talk on until he would wake up with a start to the fact that most of the passengers in the car had crowded around his seat and were listening. "I tell you," said a cow-boy to me, after hearing a discussion on the Atonement, "that little feller knows a heap about them things, don't he? A ritualist One day he held a service in a little town where there had never before been a service 194 in t/>e Great West of the Church. There were only two eomnm- nicants in the village a man and his wife, Services were held in a hired hall, and there were about four hundred people present. The man assisted the bishop in rendering the service, and the congregation sat in interested silence through the whole of it. The next day, when one of those who had been present was asked her opinion of the services, she re- plied with feminine exaggeration : "Oh, they were perfectly grand ; and I think that duet between the bishop and Mr. S - was just lovely ! " We used to say that the bishop had turned ritualistic, because it was evident from this that he had been intoning the service. "We depended upon him for everything, and everything we never asked help of him in vain. His own even teeth salary, his private fortune, his personal credit, were always at the service of his diocese, his clergy, and his people. He had many strange requests made of him. "What do you think of this?" he said one day, smiling and looking up from a letter he 195 Keco elections of a had been reading. "Here >s a missionary wants a set of false teeth ! " He got them, too. The bishop paid for them. Indeed, there was no other way. Things were so depressed, that year, that the bishop not only had to get bread and butter for his clergy, but he had to provide some of them with teeth to enable them to eat it. Broken down The little giant is dead now broken down. All that I ever did in the way of work or suffered in the way of hardships, if they could be called so, he did over and over again, and suffered much more, and he was an old man twice my age, and not naturally physically strong as I was. In addition to the mere physical labor which he shared in common with his clergy, he had upon his shoulders things which no one could relieve him of: responsibilities, anxieties, financial demands, the care of all the churches appalling bur- dens ! Full of years, developing in power, ability, and experience in the most extraordi- nary progression with every added hour of his life, with infinite possibilities of future useful - 196 in tge Great West ness before him, he had to break down under the pressure. Western dioceses are bishop-killers at best. Bishop-killers No, that is unjust. It is the Church herself which kills her bishops. She puts them in positions where their faculties are taxed to the utmost naturally ; she gives them rank, position, a bare living ; and then she loads upon their shoulders, if they be men, as they always are, who see the opportunities, accept the responsibilities, and endeavor to fulfil the obligations of their position, burdens too heavy for any mortal man to bear. She pro vides them with little money, a mere pittance in comparison with their needs, gives them a few men, not always those best suited to ef- fectually advance the work, and expects them to go forward. There was a certain missionary jurisdiction vacant, not long since. The former bishop had raised from ten to thirty thousand dollars every year among his Eastern friends to carry on that work. He could do this because he made friends by his winning, charming per- sonality, his eloquence, his ready wit, the 197 Recollections of a stories he had to tell, the experiences he had undergone. The money was well spent. It sustained hundreds of Church works of dif- ferent sorts, many of them just beginning. The man who was selected to take up that work would have to face the absolute neces- sity of continuing to get approximately that amount, or allowing the work already begun to stop. That is a fearful obligation to set before a new and untried man, and the alter- native is crushing. In apostolic If those Western bishops are not walking in apostolic footsteps, I know of no men who do so walk. It is the most exhausting, wearying, heartbreaking lot that can fall to any mortal man, to be a Western missionary bishop, and most of them fight it out until they die. The people are helpful, grateful, and appreciative. They do what they can. Let none blame them. The story of the struggle of the Church in the West is the story of a great tragedy on the part of clergy and people ; but it is through successive tragedies that men do arrive and attain, after alL 198 {Missionary in tge Great West The hem of the garment of Progress is dabbled with the blood of men who have made way for her by the giving up of the treasure of their hearts to facilitate her ad- vance. In that deluge of men which has rolled ever westward over the prairies, crept up the long slopes of the Rocky Mountains, finally beating over them in mighty waves, to fall in thunderous surges of inundation on the other side, those who have led the way on the crest of the waves have been beaten into human spray, and having so smoothed the path, are cast aside. The footprints of civilization are those made by the feet of the men who stand beautiful upon the wild prairies and high mountain-tops of the West, and bring good tidings, that publish peace, that cry unto Zion, "Thy God reigneth." It is happiness to me that during the youngest, freshest, strong- est, and most enthusiastic portion of my life I was associated with them bishops, priests, and people. There are men like Howe of Alaska, Ken- A roll of men drick of Arizona, Whitaker of Nevada, Leon- 199 g (Missionary in tge Great West ard of Western Colorado, Tuttle of Salt Lake, Hare of Dakota, Brewer of Montana, Graves of the Platte, Talbot of Wyoming, Spaulding of Colorado, Worthington of Nebraska, Brooke of the Indian Territory, Whipple, Gilbert, Gilfillan, of Minnesota, and Millspaugh and the noble Thomas of Kansas, who have fought and struggled and passed through as great adventures as the paladins of old. I do not presume for a moment to place myself even in juxtaposition with such as they. They had, or have, stories to tell which would stir the blood, if they could only be induced to proclaim them. Just the These little sketches have only this value : they may perhaps fairly represent what the average missionary undergoes and must expect in that great empire of the West in which some day will lie the balance of power of the great Republic. I, though born in the East and living there now, say, God speed the day 1 200