SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

CONTRIBUTIONS

FROM THE

DNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM

VOLUME 16, PART 10

ANNONA SERICEA AND
ITS ALLIES

By WILLIAM E. SAFFORD

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1913

BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

ISSUED DECEMBER 13, 1913.
ii

OK:

415"
3JU

PREFACE.

The accompanying paper, by Mr. William E. Safford, of the United
States Department of Agriculture, deals with a tropical American
subgroup of the genus Annona here distinguished as a new section,
Pilannona, with Annona sericea as its type. Ten species are recog-
nized, of which seven are described as new. The older species are
redescribed after a critical examination of the type specimens.

FREDERICK V. COVILLE,
Curator of the United States National Herbarium.

647027

CONTENTS.

Page.

Introduction 263

Systematic treatment 263

Index... vii

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PLATES.

Facing page

PLATE 85. Annona sericea Dunal 266

86. Annona sericea Dunal 267

87. Annona jenmanii Safford 268

88. Annona trinitensis Safford 268

89. Annona longipes Safford 269

90. Annona holosericea Safford 270

91. A. Annona sericea Dunal. B. Annona holosericea Safford 270

92. Annona spraguei Safford 271

93. Annona spraguei Safford 271

94. Annona cercocarpa Safford 272

95. Annona echinata Safford 273

96. Annona echinata Safford 273

97. Annona acuminata Safford 274

98. Annona jamaicensis Sprague 275

99. Annona jamaicensis Sprague 275

TEXT FIGURES.

Page.

FIGURE 42. Fruit of Annona sericea 266

43. Leaf and fruit of Annona spraguei 271

44. Leafy twig and fruit of Annona cercocarpa 272

AMOM SERICEA AND ITS ALLIES.

BY WILLIAM E. SAFFORD.

INTRODUCTION.

In continuance of his studies in the Annonaceae, the writer finds
that the silky annona of French Guiana (Annona sericea Dunal) is
the type of a natural subgroup of the genus Annona, which should be
segregated as a section. Tlxis will be composed of at least ten
species, several of which have not hitherto received names. In
addition to defining the section and characterizing the species, it has
been possible in this paper to present photographs of a number of
the type specimens, including that of Annona echinata and the flower
of A. sericea, described and figured by Dunal in his classical mono-
graph of the Annonaceae. For the photographs of the latter, the
types of which are in the De Candolle Prodromus Herbarium, the
writer is indebted to M. Augustin de Candolle. For that of A. trini-
tensis he is indebted to the Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew.
The remainder of the photographs, including those of A. spraguei,
A. holosericea, and A. jamaicensis were taken in Washington under
the writer's direction.

The accompanying drawings were made by Mr. A. B. Boettcher
and Mr. J. M. Shull, those of the essential parts being reproduced
from camera lucida drawings of the writer.

SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT.

The species here described form a fairly well-defined genus sec-
tion, for which the name Pilannona is proposed, to give it coordi-
nate rank with the sections Eu annona (based upon Annona muricata
L.), Atta (including Annona squamosa, A. cherimola, and their
allies), llama (based upon A. diversifolia Safford), Annonella (based
upon A. globiflora Schlecht.), 1 and Chelonocarpus (based upon A,
scleroderma Safford). 2 As in other natural plant groups there are

1 See Safford, W. E. The Genus Annona: The Derivation of its Name and its
Taxonomic subdivisions. Journ. Washington Acad. Sci. 1: 118. 1911.

2 See Journ. Washington Acad. Sci. 3:103-109. 1913.

263

264 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

certain species which appear to ^orm connections with allied groups,
so in the section Pilannona the tj r pe species, A. sericea Dunal, appears
to be allied to the 6-petaled A. pdludosa Aubl. and sometimes has 3
imperfectly developed inner petals; while, at the opposite end of the
series, A. jamaicensis Sprague approaches A. cherimola, belonging to
the section Atta. Notwithstanding these connecting links, the group
may be regarded as sufficiently distinct, and the species composing it
are most conveniently set apart for study as a section by themselves.
The section may be characterized as follows:

ANNONA, section PILANNONA Safford.

Flowers normally 3-petaled, spheroid or rarely oblong in bud, the petals valvate,
thick, concave, and not keeled within nor triquetrous; receptacle convex, often
clothed with short fine straight bristle-like hairs; stamens numerous, with the connec-
tive expanded into a terminal head above the two parallel pollen sacs, the surface of
the head being either minutely papillose or echinate, and in some cases bearing a
number of erect or slightly curved hairs; carpels numerous, crowded, more or less
covered with sericeous hairs, with club-shaped styles and minutely tuberculate or
echinate ovoid stigmas.

As compared with the common custard apples of commerce (Annona reticulata,
A. cherimola, and their allies), the fruits of this group are small, in many cases no larger
than a plum or peach and sometimes the size of a strawberry. In nearly all the spe-
cies the surface of the fruit is velvety, especially during the early stages, and the seeds
are surrounded by scant pulp. As the name indicates, the young growth of the type
species and its close allies is sericeous or velvety, and the leaves of most of the species
are more or less velvety or sericeous, at least on the lower surface. In a few cases
they become glabrate at length.

KEY TO THE SPECIES.

Peduncles in clusters of 2 or 3; flower buds depressed-globose;
leaves oblong-acuminate, membranaceous, clothed beneath
with soft brown velvety pubescence. A small tree of British

Guiana and northern Brazil 2. A . jenmanii.

Peduncles solitary (in no. 1 sometimes geminate).
Lower leaves of flowering branches orbicular; stigmas and con-
nectives of stamens densely pilose or velvety. A small

tree of Nicoya, Costa Rica 5. A. holosericea.

Lower leaves not orbicular.

Bracteoles of peduncles linear-lanceolate, acuminate; leaves
small, long-acuminate, membranaceous, glabrate. A

small tree of Panama 9. A . acuminate.

Bracteoles of peduncles not linear-lanceolate, acuminate.
Peduncle usually 3 times as long as the petioles, slender,
softly pilose and recurved in fruit; leaves ovate or ellip-
tical, membranaceous, persistently soft-tomentose be-
neath; fruit strawberry -shaped, without projecting

points. A tree of southern Veracruz, Mexico 4. A. longipes.

Peduncles less than three times the length of the petioles.
Leaves thickly tomentose beneath, oblong, acuminate;
fruit covered with fleshy claw-like projections. A
forest tree of Panama 6. A. spraguei.

SAFFORD AN NONA SERICEA AND ITS ALLIES. 26o

Leaves sericeous or subtomentose beneath or at length

glabrate.

Leaves acute or gradually acuminate, membranaceous;
midrib and lateral nerves reddish-sericeous be-
neath; fruit ovoid, echinate; flowers solitary or
geminate. A tree of the savannas of French Guiana. 1. A. sericea.
Leaves abruptly or obtusely acuminate.
Fruit verrucose, strawberry-shaped; leaves shortly
and obtusely acuminate. A tree growing on

the island of Trinidad 3. A. trinitensis.

Fruit echinate, or with the carpels produced into

points or tails.

Lowermost leaves of flowering branches broadly
ovate-cordate, the carpels terminating in
minute tail-like appendages. A tree growing

on the Magdalena River, Colombia 7. A. cercocarpa.

Lowermost leaves elliptical or obovate.
Flowers globose in bud; fruit ovoid, the carpels
terminating in recurved points. A tree of

French Guiana 8. A . echinata.

Flowers oblong or ovoid in bud; fruit spheroid
or oblate, the carpels terminating in in-
curved points. A tree of the island of
Jamaica 10. A.jamaicensis.

1. Annona sericea Dunal.
SILKY ANNONA OP FRENCH GUIANA.

Anona sericea Dunal, Monogr. Anon. 69. pi. 5. 1817.

A small tree; young branches slender, clothed at first with soft ferrugineous or dark
red silky hairs; leaves distichous; petioles short (4 to 8 mm. long), ferrugineous-seri-
ceous; upper leaves on flowering branches longer and relatively narrower than those
near the base, oblong to oblong-lanceolate or obovate-oblong, 10.5 to 18 cm. long and
3.5 to 5.5 cm. broad, acute or acuminate at the apex, short-acute or rounded at the base,
membranaceous, finely and densely pellucid-punctulate, glabrate above with impressed
midrib and inconspicuous lateral nerves (18 to 25 on each side), subtomentose
beneath, the prominent midrib and slightly curved parallel nerves clothed with dark
red or maroon silky hairs; lower leaves on the flowering branches ovate or elliptical,
often obtuse or emarginate as in many other Annonaceae; flowers normally 3-petaled,
globose in bud; peduncles solitary or sometimes in pairs, extra-axillary, straight, 11 to
16 mm. long, 1-flowered, appressed ferrugineous pubescent, with a minute caducous
tomentose scale at the base and an inconspicuous bracteole near the middle ; unopened
flower buds 10 to 12 mm. in diameter; calyx gamosepalous, 3-lobed, the lobes broadly
triangular-ovate, abruptly acuminate or cuspidate, clothed on the outside with
appressed dark red hairs; petals broadly ovate or suborbicular (12 to 16 mm. long and
10 to 12 mm. broad), obtuse, thick, valvate, concave, clothed on the outside with fine
ferrugineous-sericeous pubescence and on the inside with golden brown or pale ful-
vous tomentulum; torus 6 mm. in diameter, convex, clothed with straight yellowish
diaphanous caducous hairs and bearing numerous crowded stamens 1.8 to 2.2 mm.
long; filaments very short, flat; pollen sacs linear, parallel, 1.5 to 1.7 mm. long, pale
straw-colored, the connective expanded above them into a hood-like covering, yel-
lowish, finely papillose, covered with minute points and bearing a number of erect stiff

266

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

sharp whitish diaphanous hairs; carpels together with the styles about as long as the
stamens, the ovaries rufous-sericeous, the styles club-shaped, chocolate brown, micro-
scopically granular on the surface, the terminal stigmas swollen at the time of polli-
nation and minutely tuberculate; fruit (immature specimen collected by Poiteau)
ovoid or heart-shaped, muricate with sharp fleshy points, like a minature fruit of
A. murieata in appearance, 2.5 cm. long, 1.8 cm. in diameter; seeds small, ovoid,
somewhat compressed and bearing a swollen caruncle at the base. (PLATES 85, 86,
91, A, facing p. 270. FIGURE 42.)

Type in the Prodromus Herbarium of De Candolle at Geneva, collected some
time during the latter part of the eighteenth century in French Guiana by Patris. 1
DISTRIBUTION: Guiana to Brazil.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: FRENCH GUIANA "Cayenne," 1795?,
Patris, flower of type collection, also specimen from same locality
with geminate peduncles, from Prodromus Herbarium of De
Candolle; Karouauy, 1855, P. Sagot 7; without definite locality,
1817-1822, Poiteau, photograph of specimen in Kew Herbarium,
from the Gay Herbarium, presented by Poiteau in July, 1824,
to Gay, and by Dr. Hooker to the Kew Herbarium in February,
1868.

Annona sericea, though normally 3-petaled, has sometimes 3
additional inner petals. These when present are linear-lanceolate
in shape and are sometimes imperfect, as in abnormal flowers of
A. globiflora. They are alternate with the 3 outer petals and
appear to close the seams between them, as if to protect the
essential parts of the flower from moisture, as in the case of A.
angustifolia Huber, a closely allied shrub of Brazil, regarded by
Martius as a narrow-leaved variety of A. sericea (A. sericea var.
angustifolia Mart.). 2 These 6-petaled forms appear to connect
A. sericea with A. paludosa Aubl., in which the flowers are
normally 6-petaled. Annona paludosa further resembles A.
sericea in the soft, velvety lining of its leaves and its small,
ovoid fruit covered with fleshy prickles, very much like the fruit
collected by Poiteau in French Guiana (fig. 42). 3 The two species are undoubtedly
distinct, both of them being recorded as common in French Guiana, where they are
known by the common name guimame. According to Sagot A. sericea is distinguished
from. A. paludosa as guimame savane. The latter is known simply as guimame, or as
corossol sauvage (from the resemblance of its fruit to a miniature soursop). 4

1 Patris, J. B. "Medecin et botaniste du roi, et conseiller au Conseil-supe'rieur de
Cayenne," for whom the genus Patrisa was named by Richard. "He collected with
great zeal in French Guiana about the year 1795. His collection, which probably
included twelve or fifteen hundred species, and which has been estimated at two thou-
sand, on account of duplicates, was presented by the chevalier Turgot to Lhe'ritier
and was acquired by A. P. de Candolle, when he purchased Lhe'ritier's herbarium
Patris's plants, which form more than half the Guiana species of the original herbarium
of the Prodromus, bear neither the signature of Patris nor a record of the exact locality
in which they were collected. Patris was in communication with de Rohr and Ro-
lander. His specimens were prepared with great care, and were probably represented
by either a single sheet or by two or three . ' ' Sagot, Catalogue des Plantes de la Guyane
Francaise. Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. Bot. 10: 367.

2 Huber, Bol. Mus. Goeldi 5: 353. 1909.

3 See Aubl. PI. Guian. 1: 611. pi. 246. 1775.

4 Sagot, Ann. Sci. Nat. VI. Bot. 11: 134. 1880.

FIG. 42. Fruit of An-
nona sericea. Natural
ske.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 85.

ANNONA SERICEA DUNAL.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 86.

ANNONA SERICEA DUNAL.

SAFFORD ANNONA SERICEA AND ITS ALLIES. 267

In the original description of Annona sericea by Dunal the collector's name is not
given nor does it appear in De Candolle's Prodromus. It is, however, to be found in
the Systema. 1 The type is in an excellent state of preservation, and the drawing
of it here presented (pi. 86) proves that Dunal 's figure is fairly accurate, showing the
flower to be extra-axillary, though he erroneously describes it as axillary, and the
peduncles possibly to have been geminate, as shown in plate 85. He does not,
however, figure the details of the essential parts of the flower, a deficiency supplied
in plate 86. The flower of the type itself (see pi. 91, A), kindly lent for the occasion
by M. Augustin de Candolle, is in excellent condition and has not the least appearance
of being, as it actually is, more than a century old. In this type specimen the carpels
and stamens are cemented in place by the glue-like exudation from the stigmas, to
which some of the pollen grains still adhere.

The type plant collected by Patris formed part of Lhritier's herbarium. 2 In
another specimen of the same collection (pi. 85) and bearing a similar label the
peduncles are geminate. The leaves are exactly similar to those of the type speci-
men, the lower surface of the young ones being covered with reddish silky hairs,
while the older ones are subtomentose beneath and of an olivaceous color between
the nerves, sharply contrasting with the bright reddish silky-tomentose midrib and
lateral nerves.

Annona sericea is represented in Brazil by a narrow-leaved form, A, angustifolia
Huber, to which reference has already been made. A broad-leaved ally on the
Island of Trinidad, which was included by Sprague in A. sericea, is below segregated
as A. trinitensis.

EXPLANATION OP PLATES 85, 86. PI. 85, photograph of specimen from type locality in the De Can-
dolle Prodromus Herbarium, showing geminate peduncles. Natural size. PI. 86, drawing of type. Nat-
ural size. Fig. a, flower of same with two petals truncated and one removed to show the essential parts;
6, stamens of same showing the stiff hairs borne on the terminal, swollen connective; c, carpel composed
of hairy ovary and style terminating in a minutely tuberculate stigma; d, apex of leaf, showing silky
indument of lower surface. Fig. a, scale 3; 6 and c, scale 15; d, natural size.

2. Annona jenmanii Safford, sp. nov.
SILKY ANNONA OF BRITISH GUIANA.

A shrub or small tree; young branches slender, clothed with dense appressed
ferrugineous hairs; leaves distichous; petioles 6 to 10 mm. long, frequently re-
curved, ferrugineous-sericeous; blades obovate-oblong to oblanceolate, the lowermost
on the branchlets lanceolate, smaller than the succeeding ones but not broad and retuse
as in A. sericea, 6 cm. long by 2 cm. broad, the larger 10 to 19 cm. long by 2.5 to 5.5
cm. broad, gradually acuminate at the apex and acute or cuneate at the base, mem-
branaceous, pellucid-punctulate, sparsely pubescent above except along the impressed
hairy midrib, at length glabrescent, clothed beneath with persistent chocolate-brown
velvety pubescence except along the ferrugineous-sericeous midrib and parallel
slightly curved lateral nerves (20 to 25 on each side); flowers normally 3-petaled;
peduncles geminate or fascicled, extra-axillary, usually recurved, 10 to 15 mm. long,
clothed with ferrugineous appressed hairs and with a minute broadly ovate obtuse
bracteole near the middle and one at the base; unopened flower-buds 12 to 15 mm.
in diameter, spheroid ; calyx lobes broadly triangular, shortly and abruptly acuminate,
clothed on the outside like the peduncle with appressed ferrugineous hairs; petals
broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse (14 to 16 mm. long by 16 to 18 mm. broad), thick
and coriaceous, clothed on the outside with fine dense velvety ferrugineous pubescence
and on the inside with fulvous tomentulum; receptacle convex, clothed with short
stiff fulvous hairs; stamens numerous, crowded, 1.9 to 2.4 mm. long, with a short
broad filament and linear parallel pollen sacs surmounted by the swollen expanded

1 DC. Reg. Veg. Syst. 1: 471. 1818. 2 See footnote 1, p. 266 above.

268 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

connective, the latter papillose and bearing stiff erect or spreading somewhat curved
acute hairs, abundant on the immature stamens and visible under an ordinary lens,
at length more or less deciduous; carpels including the styles about as long as the
stamens, club-shaped, terminating in a swollen tuberculate stigma; fruit not observed.
(PLATE 87.)

Type in the IT. S. National Herbarium, no. 703145, collected near Rockstone,
British Guiana, April, 1899, by G. S. Jenman (no. 7546). This specimen was kindly
sent to the U. S. Department of Agriculture by Mr. John F. Waby, acting government
botanist at Georgetown, Demerara.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana and northern Brazil.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: BRITISH GUIANA Near Rockstone, April, 1899, Jenman
7546 (type). Brazil: Barra do Rio Negro [Manaos], October, 1851, R. Spruce 1868
(in Herb. De Candolle).

Annona jenmanii, though closely related to A. sericea, has its peduncles normally
geminate or fascicled and is readily distinguished from the latter species by the dull
chocolate brown, tomentose indument of the lower surface of the leaves, very much
like that of A. paludosa, in which the midrib and lateral nerves are not conspicu-
ous. In A. sericea the contrast of the bright reddish-sericeous midrib and nerves with
the tomentose area between them is quite striking.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 87. Flowering branches, showing extra-axillary, clustered flowers. Natural
size. Figs, a, a', carpels with hairy ovaries and club-shaped styles terminating in tuberculate stigmas;
6, b", mature stamens, ventral view, with the heads of the connectives partly denuded of hair; V, im-
mature stamen, dorsal view, showing the two parallel pollen sacs, dehiscent along their median line,
and the heads of the connective bearing spreading, stiff hairs. Figs, a to b", scale 20; after camera lucida
drawings of the author.

3. Annona tzinitensis Safford, sp. nov.
SILKY ANNONA OF THE ISLAND OP TRINIDAD.

Annona sericea Sprague, Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 700. 1905, in part, not Dunal, 1817.

A tree 5 or 6 meters high; branches rather slender, the younger sericeous-tomentose
with ferrugineous hairs; petioles 4 to 10 mm. long, sericeous-tomentose; blades ovate,
elliptical, or obovate, obtuse or shortly and rather obtusely acuminate at the apex,
cuneate or rounded at the base, 9.5 to 15 cm. long, 5.5 to 6.5 cm. broad, puberulous above
except along the pubescent midrib, dark chestnut brown, clothed beneath with brown
tomentulum or pubescence except along the midrib and nerves, these sericeous-
tomentose ; lateral nerves 12 to 16 on each side, slightly curved, not impressed above,
prominent beneath; peduncle extra-axillary, solitary, 1-flowered, tomentose, at length
glabrate, with a bracteole at or below the middle; flowers 3-petaled; calyx lobes
broadly ovate, shortly acuminate, sericeous-tomentose on the outside, within sparsely
sericeous at the base, elsewhere glabrate; petals ovate, obtuse, 18 to 20 mm. long,
15 mm. broad, sericeous on the outside; filaments 0.5 mm. long; anthers 1.5 to 1.75
mm. long; connective above the anthers broadly expanded into a head, papillose and
bearing long hairs (Sprague); lower part of the style together with the ovary 1.25
to 1.5 mm. long, the upper part 0.75 to 1.25 mm. long; stigma broadly and obtusely
ovoid, 0.25 to 0.35 mm. long; fruit similar to that of a strawberry (Fragaria vesca], 2.5
to 3.5 cm. long, about 2 cm. in diameter, warty; seeds 4.5 to 5 mm. long, 2.5 mm.
broad. (PLATE 88.)

Type in the Kew Herbarium, collected on the Island of Trinidad, 1877-80, by
August Fendler (no. 205).

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality.

The type of this species waa referred by Sprague to Annona sericea Dunal of
French Guiana. From this species, however, it is separated by its relatively
broader and more obtuse leaves, described by Sprague as "breviter obtusiuscule
acuminata" at the apex, which is not true of A. sericea Dunal, and by its fruit, de-

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 87.

ANNONA JENMANII SAFFORD.

ANNONA TRINITENSIS SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 89.

ANNONA LONGIPES SAFFORD.

SAPFORD ANNONA SERICEA AND ITS ALLIES. 269

scribed as verrucose and resembling a strawberry, instead of echinate or muricate
like that of the true A. sericea Dunal growing in French Guiana (fig. 42). It may be
regarded as a broad -leaved representative of A. sericea, growing on the Island of Trini-
dad, intermediate, perhaps between A. sericea and A. jamaicensis Sprague, just as
A. angusti/olia Huber may be regarded as a narrow-leaved representative of the same
species growing in Brazil, intermediate, perhaps, between A. sericea and A. paludosa
Aubl.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 88. Branch, showing lower surface of leaves and base of old, extra-axillary
peduncle from which flower has been broken. Photographed from type in Kew Herbarium. Natural size.

4. Annona longipes Safford, sp. nov.
LONG-STEMMED ANNONA OF VERACRUZ.

A tree 10 meters high; young branches slender, clothed with dense long soft fulvous
pubescence, at length glabrate, with cinnamon-colored or reddish brown bark bearing
numerous white lenticels; leaves distichous; petioles 8 to 13 mm. long, densely
clothed with long fulvous velvety pubescence; blades ovate, 9 to 14 cm. long and
4 to 6.5 cm. broad, acute or acuminate at the apex, usually rounded at the base,
membranaceous, pellucid-punctulate, olive green when dry, sparsely pubescent
above except along the impressed hairy midrib, clothed beneath with sparse white
hairs except along the fulvous or pale rufous midrib and lateral nerves (12 to 14 on
each side), these densely hairy, somewhat prominent beneath and connected by
oblique veins scarcely visible above; lower leaves of flowering branches smaller
than the upper and sometimes obtuse or retuse at the apex; peduncles solitary, extra-
axillary, very long (30 to 42 mm.), persistently slender, clothed with persistent dense
fulvous velvety pubescence with a scale-like pubescent bracteole at the base and a
second smaller bracteole below the middle; flowers not observed; fruit shaped like a
strawberry, broadly conoid, rounded at the apex, 25 mm. long and 21 mm. in diam-
eter, the surface finely ferrugineous-tomentose, without projections but covered with
gibbous areoles corresponding to the individual carpels, the latter closely cemented
together and terminating each in an inconspicuous appressed point; seeds asym-
metrically obovate, often obliquely truncate at the apex and with a swollen caruncle
at the base, light brown, smooth, 10 to 11 mm. long and 5 to 6 mm. broad, easily
separable from the scant pulp. (PLATE 89.)

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 45591, collected on the slope of a hill
near the outlet of Lake Catemaco, Canton de los Tuxtlas, southeastern Veraer;t,
Mexico, April 28, 1894, by E. W. Nelson (no. 430).

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Veracruz, near the coast of the Gulf of Campeachy, aJ: ;x
altitude of 300 meters. Known only from the type locality.

Although undoubtedly related to the silky annonas, this species is separated from
them by the dense, erect, velvety, fulvous or pale rufous pubescence of its younger
parts, which are never appressed ferrugineous sericeous, as in A. sericea and its close
allies. It is also set apart by its fruit, which is not echinate nor muricate, and above
all by its long, persistently slender and velvety peduncles.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 89. Drawing, by Mr. A. B. Boettcher, of fruit-bearing branch; also longi-
tudinal section of fruit and seed. Natural size.

5. Annona holosericea Safford, sp. nov.
VELVETY ANNONA op NICOYA.

A small tree; ultimate branches densely fulvous-tomentose when young, at length
glabrate, with grayish brown bark, this plicate-striate when dry and bearing very small
inconspicuous lenticels; old leaf scars prominent, each bearing a tuft of fulvous
tomentum; leaves distichous; petioles 4 to 5 mm. long, densely fulvous-tomentose;
blades orbicular to obovate, rounded or cuneate at the base, the lowermost on the

270 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

flowering branches subreniform and often retuse; upper obovate leaves (young speci-
mens only observed) 7 cm. long and 4 cm. broad; orbicular leaves 5 or 6 cm. in diame-
ter; lowermost emarginate leaves 3 to 4 cm. in diameter; all of them membranaceous,
punctulate, above velvety-pubescent and at length glabrate except along the
impressed midrib, beneath clothed with dense soft fulvous or pale rufous tomentum
on the prominent midrib and lateral nerves (8 to 12 on each side) and with grayish or
olivaceous tomentum between the nerves; lateral nerves of the lowermost leaves con-
nected by veins at right-angles to them; peduncles short, solitary, 1-flowered, extra-
axillary, 7 to 9 mm. long, densely clothed with tomentum like that of the young
branchlets and bearing a small tomentose bracteole below the middle; sepals broadly
ovate-triangular, 4 or 5 mm. long, obtusely acuminate, clothed on the outside with
dense fulvous tomentum; petals 3, broadly ovate, 12 mm. long and 10 or 11 mm.
broad, acute or obtuse, thick and leathery, clothed with short pale brown velvety
tomentum without and within; receptacle convex, clothed with straight erect pale
fulvous hairs between the stamens and carpels; stamens numerous, 2 to 2.5 mm. long,
the connective expanded above the parallel linear pale yellow pollen sacs, its surface
velvety, densely covered with short fine brown hairs; carpels 1.5 to 2 mm. long,
entirely clothed with pale fulvous hairs and bearing broadly ovoid or spheroid stig-
mas, these densely covered with erect pale fulvous or straw-colored hairs and resem-
bling minute echinate burs under the lens, at the time of pollination becoming suf-
fused with a viscous brown fluid and at length falling off; fruit not observed, but
undoubtedly short-ped uncled and velvety. (PLATES 90, 91, B.)

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 592568, collected on the wooded hills
of Nicoya, Pacific coast of Costa Rica, May, 1900, by A. Tonduz (no. 13930);
duplicate in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden.

DISTRIBUTION: Pacific coast of Costa Rica; known only from the type locality.

Annona holosericea is distinguished from all its congeners by its orbicular leaves
and its velvety essential parts, of which both the connectives of the stamens and the
outer stigmas (before becoming cemented together at the time of pollination) are con-
spicuously hairy, as seen under the lens. The connectives differ from those of the
stamens of A. sericea and its close allies in being covered with very many fine hairs
instead of comparatively few coarse ones, and the stigmas resemble miniature echinate
burs instead of being covered with rounded tubercles as in the species referred to.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 90, 91. PI. 90, photograph of the type specimen. Natural size. PI. 91, A, pho-
tograph of flower of Annona sericea, type collection, figured by Dunal. B, photograph of flower of
A . holosericea, type collection. Both scale 6.

6. Annona spraguei Safford, sp. nov.
VELVETY ANNONA OF PANAMA.

A tree 6 to 16 meters high; ultimate branchlets rufous- tomentose when young, soon
becoming glabrescent, and at length glabrate, with reddish brown bark thickly dotted
with small whitish lenticels; old leaf scare prominent, lined with dense rufous tomen-
tum; leaves distichous; petioles (of young leaves) 7 to 9 mm. long, densely rufous-
tomentose; blades oblong-lanceolate to obovate-oblong, 10 to 20 cm. long and 3 to 6
cm. broad, acuminate at the apex and rounded or obtusely cuneate at the base,
pellucid-punctulate, sparsely pubescent above with scattered grayish hairs, densely
and softly sericeoua-pubescent beneath with appressed grayish olivaceous hairs except
along the rufous- tomentose midrib and lateral nerves; lateral nerves 20 to 26 on each
side, prominent beneath; blades of the lowermost leaves on the flowering branches
rounded or retuse at the apex, cuneate at the base, much smaller than the rest, some-
times obcordate; flowers 3-petaled, large, yellow, eubglobose in bud; peduncles
solitary , extra-axillary, usually issuing from a point near the base of a young branchlet,
9 to 14 mm. long, ferrugineous-tomentose, with a small ovate bracteole above the

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 90.

ANNONA HOLOSERICEA SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 91.

A. ANNONA SERICEA DUNAL.

B. ANNONA HOLOSERICEA SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 92.

ANNONA SPRAGUEI SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 93.

ANNONA SPRAGUEI SAFFORD.

SAFFOKD ANNONA SEKICEA AND ITS ALLIES.

271

middle; sepals ovate-acuminate, 8 to 10 mm. long, 6 mm. broad at the base, clothed
on the outside with ferrugineous tomentum like that of the petiole, within glabrous
at the base, elsewhere shortly appressed-pubescent; petals suborbicular, obtusely
apiculate, thick and leathery, concave, 18 to 23 mm. long and 17 to 19 mm. broad,
clothed on the outside with short dense velvety fulvous puberulence and on the
inside with fine tomentulum, olive yellow with a broad dark brown spot covering the
lower half; receptacle convex, clothed with very short straight fine whitish hairs;
stamens numerous, crowded, 3.3 to 3.8 mm. long, with a very short flat filament and
parallel linear pollen sacs 2 to 2.7 mm. long; connective expanded above the pollen
sacs into a yellow head, this minutely muriculate with glossy points; gyncecium 7 to 9
mm. in diameter, composed of crowded carpels about 4 mm. long, united into a solid
mass, the ovaries about equal to the styles in length, clothed with whitish sericeous
hairs, the pale yellow styles more or less prismatic, termi-
nating in a rounded stigmatic head, the whole surface
minutely velvety as seen under the microscope; fruit
spheroid, 5 cm. in diameter, the component carpels pro-
duced into long-attenuate fleshy claw-like protuberances,
the surface velvety and each with a median longitudinal
groove on the side remote from the peduncle; seeds
oblong, 7 to 9 mm. long by 4 to 5 mm. broad, dull brown,
with a caruncle at the base. (PLATES 92, 93. FIGURE 43.)

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 716048, col-
lected at Gamboa, Canal Zone, Isthmus of Panama, April
9, 1911, by H. Pittier (no. 3409). "A tree 5-6 meters high;
leaves soft, tomentose; petals thick."

DISTRIBUTION: Isthmus of Panama, Canal Zone to Rio
Tuyra, Darien.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: CANAL ZONE Gamboa, near
Matachin, type collection, flowers and leaves. DARIEN
Marraganti and vicinity, Rio Tuyra, 10 to 200 feet eleva-
tion, R. S. Williams, April, 1908, flowers, fruit and leaves,
"A tree 50 feet high, with a trunk 14 inches in diameter."

To this species should probably be referred Sutton
Hayes's no. 127, collected at Obispo Falls, near Barbacoas,
Isthmus of Panama, cited by Hemsley as "Anona sp.
('iAnonae sericeae, var. foliis pedalibus)," 1 and described
by T. A. Sprague under the name Anona uncinata? The
latter name is unavailable, having been previously used
by Lamarck. 3 If Hayes's plant, which I have not had
the opportunity of comparing with the material upon
which the present species is based, proves to be identical
with the latter, it must assume the new specific name.
The leaves of Hayes's plant are considerably larger than those of the material exam-
ined, and a photograph of the fruit in the Kew Herbarium shows it to differ from that
of Williams's specimen in the New York Botanical Garden in being ovoid-globose
instead of spheroid and in having the claw-like tips of the carpels directed toward the
peduncle instead of away from it, as in the latter (fig. 43).

Annona spraguei is named in honor of Mr. Thomas Archibald Sprague, of the Royal
Botanic Gardens, Kew, by whom Dr. Hayes's plant was described, as a tribute to
his valuable work in botanical taxonomy.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 92, 93. PI. 92, photograph of a flower of the type collection, preserved in
alcohol, with two petals removed, so as to show the essential parts, and also of the gynoecium of another
flower showing the consolidated mass of carpels with the sericeous-hairy ovaries surmounted by the prism-
shaped styles terminating in swollen stigmas. Scale 5. PI. 93, photograph of the type in the United
States National Herbarium. Natural size.

1 Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 1:19. 2 Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 701. 1905.
3 Lam. Encycl. 2: 127. 1786.

FIG. 43. Leaf and fruit of
Annona spraguei. Scale J.

272

CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

7. Annona cercocarpa Safford, sp. nov.
ANONCILLO OP THE MAGDALENA RIVER.

Anona echinataf Triana & Planch. Prodr. Fl. Novogran. 28. 1862, not A. echinata

Dunal, 1817.

Branchlets at first fermgineous-pubescent, soon becoming glabrate, dark reddish
brown to black, set with whitish lenticels; petioles 4 to 5 mm. long, broadly channeled
above, at first appressed -pubescent, at length glabrate; blades membranaceous, punc-
tulate, those on the upper part of the flowering branches ovate to obovate-oblong, acute
or acuminate at the apex and rounded or cuneate at the base, 9 to 9.5 cm. long and

3.5 to 3.9 cm. broad, with 10
to 12 secondary nerves on
each side the midrib; lower
leaves shorter and broader,
6.7 cm. long and 4.2 cm.
broad, with 9 to 11 lateral
nerves on each side; lower-
most leaves smallest, broadly
cordate, 2.4 cm. long and 2.3
cm. broad; all of them at
first pubescent above, dense-
ly so along the impressed
midrib and lateral nerves, at
length glabrate; beneath con-
spicuously veined, with the
veins at right angles to the
secondary nerves, these to-
gether with the midrib
clothed with short pale ru-
fous pubescence, the re-
mainder of the blade be-
neath sparsely rufous-pubes-
cent; peduncles solitary, ex-
tra-axillary, 17 mm. long in
fruit, at length glabrate ; flow-
ers not observed ; calyx lobea
broadly triangular, acute; car-
pels numerous; fruit spher-
oid, about 28 mm. in diame-
ter, the component carpels

FIG. 44. Leafy twig and fruit of Annona
somewhat enlarged, a, Tail-like tip of carpel;
6, slightly enlarged.

pilose, terminating each in
rcocarpa, the fruit a slender appressed-hirsute
.seeds, a, Scale 5; more or less curled tail ; seeds
obovate or obpyramidal, 5 to
7 mm. long by 4 mm. broad, somewhat compressed, with a smooth hard brown testa
and a conspicuous caruncle at the base. (PLATE 94. FIGURE 44.)

Type in the Kew Herbarium (from Herbarium Hookerianum, 1867), collected at
San Pablo on the Magdalena River, Province of Mompox, New Grenada [Colombia],
1851-1857, by J. Triana; duplicate in De Candolle Herbarium.
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 94. Photograph of type specimen.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 94.

ANNONA CERCOCARPA SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 95.

ANNONA ECHINATA DUNAL.

Contr. Nat. Herb. r Vol. 16.

PLATE 96.

ANNONA ECHINATA DUNAL.

SAFFOKD ANNONA SERICEA AND ITS ALLIES. 273

8. Annona echinata Dunal.
PRICKLY ANNONA OF FRENCH GUIANA.

Anona echinata Dunal, Monogr. Anon. 68. pi. 4- 1817.

Branches divaricate, clothed when young with ferrugineous hairs, at length glabrate,
blackish, rugose, and bearing many lenticels; petioles 5 mm. long, deeply grooved
above, at first minutely appressed-pubescent, at length glabrescent; blades membra-
naceous or subcoriaceous, thicker than those of A. sericea, pellucid-punctate, those
on the upper parts of the flowering branches ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, some-
what acute or obtusely acuminate at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, gla-
brous above, the midrib impressed and bordered on each side with numerous very
short raised veins at right angles to it, the secondary nerves (8 to 10 on each side)
sharply defined, connected by reticulating veins; beneath clothed with fine short
dull grayish ferrugineous pubescence or tomentulum and reticulated between the
prominent midrib and secondary nerves; lowermost leaves on flowering branches
smaller and relatively broader, sometimes obtuse or retuse at the apex as in many
other species of the genus; peduncle solitary, 1-flowered, 11 mm. long (in the type
specimen), extra-axillary, issuing from the base of a new branchlet and apparently
terminal on account of the abortion of the portion of the branchlet beyond it (as in
many other Annonaceae), ferrugineous- tomentose or hirtellous and bearing a small
tomentose bracteole below the middle; flowers similar in size and shape to those of
A. sericea, spheroid in bud, normally 3-petaled, but sometimes in the rainy season
(according to Sagot) with 3 additional inner petals alternating with the outer and
closing the seams between them; calyx 3-lobed, 5 mm. in diameter, the divisions
broadly triangular and obtuse, clothed on the outside like the peduncle with ferru-
gineous hairs; petals broadly ovate or suborbicular, obtuse, thick, coriaceous, con-
cave, 11 mm. long and 10 mm. broad (in type flower), clothed on the outside with
minute ferrugineous pubescence; stamens numerous 2 to 2.5 mm. long, with a short
broad filament, linear pollen sacs, and a connective expanded into a swollen head,
this minutely papillose or muriculate but devoid of hairs; carpels numerous, united
in a conoid gynoscium, the ovaries clothed with appressed ferrugineous hairs; fruit
ovoid, small, 24 mm. long by 17 mm. broad (fruit of type possibly immature), bearing
numerous recurved protuberances corresponding to the individual carpels, the sur-
face clothed with fine appressed ferrugineous pubescence; seeds oblong, 6 mm. long
and 3 mm. broad; peduncle at length thickened and woody, sometimes apparently
terminal from the abortion of the portion of the branch beyond it. (PLATES 95, 96.)

Type in the Prodromus Herbarium of De Candolle at Geneva (ex Herb. Lhe'ritier),
collected about 1795 at "Cayenne" (French Guiana) by J. B. Patris.

DISTRIBUTION: Guiana and probably Brazil.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: FRENCH GUIANA "Cayenne," Patris, type collection,
leaf, stamens, and tip of carpel; Mana, Sagot 6, leaf and stamens, from Kew Herbarium.

This species is undoubtedly closely related to A. sericea Dunal, but differs conspicu-
ously from that species in the character of the indumentof the leaves and tlie absence
of hairs on the swollen terminal head of the connective of the stamens. Its ovoid,
echinate fruits resemble miniature soiirsops (A. muricata L.). The recurved carpel
tips are somewhat like those of A. cercocarpa described above, but differ from them in
their less length and in their much finer, appressed pubescence, the carpels of A.
cercocarpa being prolonged into tail-like appendages covered with relatively coarse,
etrigose hairs (fig. 44). The present species is also sharply distinct from the preceding
in the shape and texture of its leaves, as indicated by the accompanying illustrations.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 95, 96. PI. 95, photograph of type specimen in De Candolle Prodromus Her-
barium. Natural size. PI. 96, drawing from type material, that of fruit reproduced from original plate;
a, petal; 6, stamen; c, cross section of fruit; d, tip of mature carpel; e, immature carpel bearing style.
Figs, a and c, natural size; b and e, scale 20; d, scale 8.

85668 VOL 16, PT 1013 2

274 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM.

9. Annona acuminata Safford, sp. nov.
SMALLER WILD ANNONA OF PANAMA.

AnoTia echinata Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 1: 19. 1879, not Dunal, 1817.

A small tree 5 to 7 meters high with slender branches roughened by thickly crowded
prominent reddish brown lenticels; very young branchlets clothed with minute
appressed ferrugineous hairs scarcely visible even with the aid of a lens, very soon
glabrate; leaves small, thin, membranaceous, glabrate, pellucid -punctulate (those of
flowering branches only observed), 6.5 to 8 cm. long and 1 .8 to 2.2 cm. broad, lanceolate
or oblong-elliptical, gradually acuminate at the apex, the tip usually rounded, acute
at the base, the blade decurrent on the short thick channeled petiole (1.5 to 3
mm. long), often conduplicate or revolute; midrib impressed above, prominent
beneath, ferrugineous or cinnamon brown, and bearing minute scattered appressed
hairs when young, but at length glabrous or nearly so; lateral nerves 10 to 12 on each
ride, not impressed above, distinct beneath and colored like the midrib, glabrous,
dichotomously branching and anastomosing before reaching the margin; peduncles
solitary, 1-flowered, extra-axillary, sometimes nearly opposite a leaf, at first minutely
appressed -pilose, at length glabrate, 12 to 16 mm. long, remarkable in comparison with
closely related species for two linear- lanceolate acuminate bracteoles 2 to 4 mm. long,
one situated at the base and one at or a little above the middle ; flower subglobose in
bud, about 15 mm. in diameter; calyx gamosepalous, subtriangular, with three slender
acuminate points projecting from the broad base, appressed -pilose on the outside
and with a fringe of stiff rufous hairs within at the base of the receptacle; receptacle
convex, clothed with pale yellow hairs between the bases of the stamens; stamens
numerous, 2.5 mm. long, the connective expanded into a broad flat hood above the
pollen sacs, its surface muriculate with short stiff points but without hairs; pollen
bright orange yellow, in two vertical columns of tetrads; carpels numerous, the
minutely hirtellous ovaries united into a disk-like mass and bearing club-shaped,
easily detached styles 1.5 mm. long; fruit not observed. (PLATE 97.)

Type in the Kew Herbarium (from Herbarium Hookerianum, 1867), collected at
the Bojfo Station, Panama Railroad, Isthmus of Panama, June, 1861, by Sutton Hayes
(no. 142). "A email tree, 15 to 20 feet high."

EXPLANATION OF PLATE 97. Main figure, drawing of type by A. B. Boettcher. Natural size. Fig. a,
flower, showing long peduncle with acuminate bracteoles; b, receptacle, bearing a few stamens and the
mass of ovaries denuded of their styles; c, carpels, composed of short hairy ovaries surmounted by club-
shaped styles; d, stamens, showing linear pollen sacs, one of which has opened, displaying the pollen
grains in tetrads, and the expanded, mutriculate connective heads, a, Natural size; b, scale about 2;
c, scale about 10; d, scale 1C.

10. Annona jamaicensis Sprague.
WILD ANNONA OP JAMAICA.

Anona jamaicensis Sprague, Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 5: 701. 1905.

Anona sericea Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 5. 1864, not Dunal, 1817.

A slender tree 3 to 9 meters high ; young branchlets ferrugineous-pubescent, soon
glabrescent; branches grayish brown or reddish brown, bearing many inconspicuous
brownish lenticels; old leaf scars prominent, lined with ferrugineous tomentum;
petioles 7 to 18 mm. long, channeled above, finely appressed-pubescent at first, at
length glabrescent; blades ovate or obovate to obovate-oblong, shortly and obtusely
acuminate at the apex and rounded or obtusely cuneate at the base, 10 to 20 cm.
long, 4.5 to 8.5 cm. broad (those near the base of young branches often considerably
smaller), glabrous above, finely appressed-pubescent beneath, at length sparsely so
except along the ferrugineous midrib and lateral nerves; midrib impressed above,
prominent beneath; lateral nerves slightly curved, 11 to 18 on each side the midrib,

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 97.

Boucher, del.

ANNONA ACUMINATA SAFFORD.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 98.

ANNONA JAMAICENSIS SPRAGUE.

Contr. Nat. Herb., Vol. 16.

PLATE 99.

ANNONA JAMAICENSIS SPRAQUE.

SAFFORD ANNONA SEEICEA AND ITS ALLIES. 275

not impressed above, prominent and sharply defined beneath; peduncle 8 to 12 mm.
long, fermgineous-tomentose, with a small tomentose bracteole near the middle;
flowers ovoid to oblong in bud, 3-petaled; calyx 3-parted, the lobes broadly ovate,
obtuse or obtusely acuminate, 3 mm. long and 3 mm. broad at the base, clothed on
the outside with femigineous tomentum like that of the peduncle; petals ovate to
oblong, obtuse, 11 to 20 mm. long and 6 to 8 mm. broad, thick and leathery, clothed
on the outside with fine ferrugineous velvety tomentum, lined within except near
the reddish brown base with fine grayish tomentulum; stamens numerous, 1.6 to 2
mm. long, the connective somewhat broader than the lobes of the whitish pollen
sacs, minutely papillose (under the microscope); carpels numerous, closely crowded
in a conoid gyncecium, the styles together with the ovaries about 1.25 mm. long, the
latter clothed with ferrugineous sericeous hairs; stigmas compressed-ovoid, 0.5 mm.
long, cemented together at the time of pollination by a reddish brown viscous fluid;
fruit globose or somewhat oblate, more or less umbilicate at the base, 4 to 6 cm. in
diameter, clothed with grayish brown pubescence, with the carpels produced into
tubercles usually hooked or incurved at the tips; seeds 12 to 16 mm. long, 6 to 10 mm.
broad, obovate, somewhat compressed, reddish brown or tan-colored, with a smooth
thin testa more or less wrinkled by the inclosed ruminate albumen. (PLATES 98, 99.)

Type in the Kew Herbarium, collected near Bath, eastern Jamaica, by William
Purdie, 1844. Cotypes, without definite locality, collected by March (nos. 4, 7, 1571)
and Alexander Prior (also cited by Grisebach under "A. sericea").

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the island of Jamaica.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED: JAMAICA Without definite locality, 1849-50, Alexander
Prior, in Gray Herbarium (with ovoid flower bud); roadside near Hampton, Santa
Cruz Mountains, alt. 700 meters, September 4, 5, 1907, N. L. Britton 1196, in herb.
New York Botanical Garden (with almost mature fruit) ; Sheldon Road, St. Andrew,
alt. 750 meters, September 10, 1897, William Harris, 6861, in U. S. National Herba-
rium (with fully developed flower and fruit).

Annona jamaicensis has been known hitherto from specimens in which the flowers
were evidently immature. The petals were described by Sprague as ovate, obtuse,
11 to 12 mm. long and 8 mm. broad. The accompanying drawing (pi. 99) shows
them to be longer and relatively narrower when fully developed, approaching the
shape of the petals of A. cherimola and its allies, but distinguished from them in not
being triquetrous or keeled on the inner face. Moreover, the connective of the sta-
mens is not so much swollen as in the section to which those species belong; and
the incurved tips of the mature carpels serve also to prevent the confusion of this
species with A. cherimola Mill., which is sometimes cultivated in the mountains of
Jamaica. The flower buds somewhat resemble those of A. sericea when immature,
but the indument of the petals in the present species is more velvety and of a more
reddish color, while the stamens never bear hairs on the connective terminal. In
addition to these points of difference the leaves are relatively broader and are never
clothed with the dark red, soft, velvety lining of the leaves of A. sericea and its
close allies.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 98, 99. PI. 98, photograph of Alexander Prior's specimen in the Gray Herba-
rium (cotype collection), with immature, ovoid, unopened flower bud. PI. 99, main figure, drawing of
specimen in the U. S. National Herbarium (from herb. Public Garden, Jamaica), by A. B. Boet^cher,
showing leaves, flower, and fruit. Natural size. Fig. o, stamens; 6, flower with petals and some of the
stamens removed; c, seeds. Fig. a, scale 12; 6, scale nearly 3; c, natural size.

INDEX.

[Synonyms in italics. Page numbers of principal entries in heavy-face type.J

Ajmona acuminata 274

angustifolia 266,267,269

cercocarpa 272, 273

cherlmola 263,264,275

diversifolia 263

echinata 263,272,7^, 273,274

globiflora 263,266

263,269,270

263,264,269,274,275

jenmanii 267, 268

longipes 269

long-stemmed, of Veracruz 269

muricata 263,266

paludosa 264,266,268,269

prickly, of French Guiana 273

reticulata 264

sclerodenna 263

section Pil annona 264

264, 265, 266, 267, 268, S68, 269, 270, 273, 275
angustifolia 266

silky 263,265

of British Guiana 267

of French Guiana 265

spraguei 263,270,271

trinitensis 263,267,268

velvety, of Nicoya 269

. 270

Annonaceae 263, 265

Dunal's monograph 263

Annonella (section) 263

Anona sericea 265,274,275

sp 271

uncinata 271

A nonae sericeae var. foliis pedalibus 271

Anoncillo of the Magdalena River 272

Atta (section) 263,264

Chelinocarpus (section) 263

Corossol sauvage 266

Custard apple 264

Fragaria vesca 268

Guimame" 266

savane 266

llama (section) 263

Long-stemmed annona of Veracruz 269

Patris.J.B., collector 266

Pilannona (section) 263,264

Prickly annona of French Guiana 273

Silky annona 263

of British Guiana 267

of French Guiana .265

Strawberry

Velvety annona of Nicoya.
of Panama

270

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